68 Sentences With "declivity" | Random Sentence Generator

Hyrule is sculpted with such care that not a single prominence or declivity marks the land that does not invite you to visit it.

Later, I had screeched to a halt at the lip of a sharp declivity and, unable to find a foothold, simply timberrrrrrrrred into the sagebrush.

Look inside the hollows of the works, at the rivulets running down the sides, or the puddles collected in a declivity, or the multiple pinched, folded, and puckered forms, and you begin to get a sense of the range of effects Butterly is capable of incorporating into any of her pieces.

This municipality belongs to two morphologic regions of level 1.000 towards the north, to the declivity of the Gulf of México and the same level towards the south and to the North mountain range. The North mountain range or mountain range of Puebla is formed by more or less individual, parallel mountain ranges, compressed a con the others and that usually forms great or small high plateaus intermountains that frequently appear stepped towards the coast; whereas the declivity of the gulf is the northern one of the North mountain range towards the coastal plain of the Gulf of Mexico, it characterizes by his numerous volcanic chimneys and isolated hills. The relief of the municipality in general is rough; to the south it presents/displays a more or less flat topography with a smooth declivity the north-south; in agreement pronouncing advances in this direction becomes the reduction more irregular and, by the irruption of an originating mountain range of the west and that crosses the municipality from the central part towards the north in direction southwestern-north. The presence of the mountain range to which the Germancos hill belongs, causes a declivity west- this, that adds to the general declivity south-north.

Lateral view of a female Xyleborus glabratus. Length: 2.2 mm. Elytral declivity of a female Xyleborus glabratus beetle. The female redbay ambrosia beetle is a small (2.1 to 2.4 mm long), black or amber-brown, cigar-shaped beetle.

Adults are usually long, cylindrical and robust, black or brownish-black. Elytral declivity is slightly shiny, with 4 teeth on each margin side. The third tooth is the biggest and club like on its top. The egg is yellowish-white.

Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. .Who's Who in Madras 1934 may stem from the Classical Tamil 'declivity of a hill or a mountain slope' or 'land of the Cheras'. The Greco-Roman trade map Periplus Maris Erythraei refers to Kerala as Celobotra.

The elliptical amphitheater was built in the 1st century AD by a prominent citizen of Larino who had made his fortune in far away Rome. The arena could comfortably seat 12,000 spectators. The structure was built into a natural declivity in the terrain.

Aetna (Ancient Greek: , Aítnē), was an ancient city of Sicily, situated at the foot of the mountain of the same name, on its southern declivity. It was originally a Sicelian city, and was called Inessa or Inessum., Thuc., Strabo; , Steph. Byz. v.

The name of the Château is derived from the Latin word Falise (Cliff, French:falaise) because of its position close to the top edge of a steep declivity of the valley sides of the River Meuse at the foot of which is city of Namur. Just south west of the Château the steep side of the Muese valley is cut by the Houyoux, a tributary of the Meuse, which has created a smaller valley in the steep declivity of the Muse valley. The Houyoux is used by the land transport routes from Gembloux and Namur, to descend into the Meuse valley from the plain above.

The adults are between long and are cylindrical in shape and dark brown in colour. The limbs and antennae are yellowish-brown, the head is visible when viewed from above, and the elytral declivity, the downward sloping rear end of the elytra, is rounded and smooth.

The dorsal surface is mostly hairless and shiny when compared to other ambrosia beetles. They can be specifically identified by characters present on the elytral declivity, including its steep and convex shape when compared to other Xyleborus, and by the large size of indentations on the elytra.

According to the Almora District Gazetteer (1911) "Kalapani" (literally, "dark water") is the name given to a remarkable collection of springs near the Kalapani village. The springs rise from the north-eastern declivity of a peak known as Byans-Rikhi at an elevation of and flow into a stream in the valley (elevation: 12,000 ft). The stream, bearing the name "Kalapani River", is formed from two streams, says the Gazetteer, one rising from the western end of the Lipulekh Pass (Lipu Gad) and another from the western declivity of the Kuntas peak (Tera Gad). Modern maps show two further streams joining from the southeast, which arise at the Om Parvat and Point 6172 respectively.

The building has a Greek cross shaped groundplan and two storeys high,Fanny Davis. Palace of Topkapi in Istanbul. 1970. pg. 266-267. ASIN B000NP64Z2 although since the building straddles a declivity, only one floor is visible from the main entrance. The exterior glazed bricks show a Central Asian influence, especially from the Bibi-Khanym Mosque in Samarkand.

Sensuntepeque is located about northeast of the capital, San Salvador and about northeast of Ilobasco, in northern central El Salvador. It is situated on the southern declivity of Pelón mountain at an altitude of , and covers an area of . It is geographically distributed into 22 cantons and 236 rural villages. The urban area is divided into four barrios and 28 colonias.

Color and size are extremely variable with the adult size ranging between 10 and 20mm. Typically there is a tubercle on both sides of the pronotum, both elytron have two tubercles on the 2nd interstices. The 5th interstice has similar tubercle on posterior declivity. A male's antennae are much closer to the apex of the rostrum, they also have longer forelegs than females.

The base and declivity are of equal length. The suture of the promesonotum is either strong or weak in larger workers. The petiole has a thick and blunt scale; if observed from behind, it is not as rounded above in contrast to S. richteri, and sometimes it may be subtruncate. The postpetiole is large and broad, and in the larger workers, it is broader than its length.

Perinthus or Perinthos ()Xenophon, Anab. 7.2.8. was a great and flourishing town of ancient Thrace, situated on the Propontis. According to John Tzetzes, it bore at an early period the name of Mygdonia (Μυγδονία). It lay 22 miles west of Selymbria, on a small peninsula of the bay which bears its name, and was built like an amphitheatre, on the declivity of a hill.

Tech Crags () is a narrow broken ridge 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) south of Williams Cliff on Ross Island. The feature rises to c.1000 m and marks a declivity along the north flank of broad Turks Head Ridge, from which ice moves to Pukaru Icefalls. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US- ACAN) (2000) after the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, known as New Mexico Tech.

Deputies carried a yardstick, originally a measuring stick but later adapted to raise a safety lamp to test for gas, and later still to mount a gas testing bulb. Deputies like other officials also carried a relightable version of the standard safety lamp. Dip :Declivity of the strata. A heading or roadway following the dip of the strata was called a "dip road" or (in the North and Scotland) a "dook".

Lateral view of the adult beetle Adult females are range between 1.9 and 2.5 mm long. They are bulky, dark brown or black and the frontal edge of the pronotum has a row of saw-like projections. Moreover, specimens have erect setae organized in rows in the elytral declivity with a costa in the posterolateral edge. As many other ambrosia beetles, males are significantly smaller, with non-functional wings.

Church of the Visitation The Church of the Visitation, or Abbey Church of St John in the Woods, is located across the village to the southwest from St. John's. The ancient sanctuary there was built against a rock declivity. It is venerated as the pietra del nascondimento, the "stone in which John was concealed," in reference to the Protevangelium of James. The site is also attributed to John the Baptist's parental summer house, where Mary visited them.

Due to the hot weather and impact of water there is an intense aeoline process that has shaped the numerous natural geological figures and most slopes are steep, with declivity exceeding 30°. Middle elevations of the belt are 1500–2300 m above sea level covers about half of the reserve's territory representing highly rough terrain composed of fold and detrital ridges. A low elevation of the belt below 1500 m is marked by vast areas of badlands.

The track started at the sawmill and ran upwards with grades of up to 12,5 % (1 : 8) over rough trestles with a length of up to 50 m (50 yards), over Cross's Mountain, across Razorback, down a declivity, and up another rise, which forms the western wall of Hannam Vale, being about 365 m (1200 ft) above the starting point. The uphill journey needed normally less than 3–4 hours.Forestry. Empire Commission at Taree. Saw-Mill Inspected.

Pityophthorus juglandis can easily be distinguished from other members of its genus. Curtis Utley, a researcher at Colorado State University, elaborates on these differences stating, "Among these differences there are the 4 to 6 concentric rows of asperities on the prothorax, usually broken and overlapping at the median line. The declivity at the end of the wing covers is steep, very shallowly bisulcate, and at the apex it is generally flattened with small granules." The walnut twig beetles' small size is common for its genus.

The Southern Terminal complex and the adjacent railyard lie at the north end of Knoxville's downtown area, occupying a natural declivity about below the adjacent street levels. The tracks run in a southwest-to-northeast direction, roughly parallel to Jackson Avenue on the south and Depot Avenue on the north. The railyard, which consists of eleven parallel tracks at its widest point, stretches from Broadway on the southwest to Central Street on the northeast. Gay Street crosses the railyard via the Gay Street Viaduct.

Guatemalan Highlands, view from Buena Vista The Guatemalan Highlands is an upland region in southern Guatemala, lying between the Sierra Madre de Chiapas to the south and the Petén lowlands to the north. The highlands are made up of a series of high valleys enclosed by mountains. The local name for the region is Altos, meaning "highlands", which includes the northern declivity of the Sierra Madre. The mean elevation is greatest in the west (Altos of Quezaltenango) and least in the east (Altos of Guatemala).

The rivers like Gori, Dhauli, and Kali rise chiefly in the southern slope of the Tibetan watershed north of the loftiest peaks, amongst which they make their way down valleys of rapid declivity and extraordinary depth. The principal is the Sharda (Kali Ganga), the Pindari and Kailganga, whose waters join the Alaknanda. The river Sharda (Kali Ganga) forms the international boundary between India and Nepal. The pilgrim route currently used to visit Kailash-Mansarovar goes along this river and crosses into Tibet at Lipu Lekh pass.

Jordan takes its name from the Jordan River which forms much of the country's northwestern border. While several theories for the origin of the river's name have been proposed, it is most plausible that it derives from the Semitic word Yarad, meaning "the descender", reflecting the river's declivity. Much of the area that makes up modern Jordan was historically called Transjordan, meaning "across the Jordan", used to denote the lands east of the river. The Old Testament refers to the area as "the other side of the Jordan".

The Battle of Thymbra took place below the citadel of Sardis (center), in which the lydian then retreated for the Siege of Sardis (547 BC). After the battle the Lydians were driven within the walls of Sardis and put to siege by the victorious Cyrus. The City fell after a fourteen-day siege of Sardis, reportedly due to the Lydian failure to garrison a part of the wall which they thought unsusceptible to attack from the steepness of the adjacent declivity of the ground.Herodotus, The Histories, (Penguin Books, 1983), I., p.

While referred to in the early 18th century as Willis's Battery, it was later known as Queen Anne's Battery or Queen's Battery. After the Great Siege of Gibraltar (1779–1783), it was again renamed after Charlotte, Princess Royal (1766–1828), the eldest daughter of King George III (1738–1820) and Queen Charlotte (1744–1818). In 1797, at age 30, the Princess Royal married Frederick, the Crown Prince of Wurttemberg (1754–1816). The battery was constructed about 1705, "upon the second declivity" at the north end of the Rock of Gibraltar.

Tawllirahu in Ancash at 5,885 meters Ancash is a land of contrasts: it features two great longitudinal valleys, which combine the mountain characteristics of the Callejón de Huaylas (Alley of Huaylas) with the sylvan ones of the Alto Marañón. Kilometres of sandy beaches and the blue waters of the Pacific. The territory of the coast, high plateaux and Andean punas of the department are flat, while the rest of the territory, in the Andes, is very rough. In the west, there are slopes with strong declivity form narrow canyons with abrupt and deserted sides.

Mount Bonifato is located in the hinterland of Golfo di Castellammare, between the valley of Fiume Freddo (a river on the west) and Fiume Jato (a river on the east). It shows quite steep faces on the south, while the declivity is more gradual in the northern part of the mountain, in proximity of Alcamo. Until the first decades of the 19th century the mountain was covered with an oak wood of ilex and downy oak. In the thirties they began a massive reforestation prevalently with Aleppo’s pine that is the prevailing essence nowadays.

Vindomora is situated in between the forts of Corstopitum (Corbridge) and Bywell to the north/west north, and Longovicium (Lanchester) to the south. It is located on Dere Street, the main Roman road linking Eboracum (York) with Hadrian's Wall and its surrounding areas. Its position also protected the river Derwent. It is about south of Hadrian's wall, and was built at the foot of a long descent, sloping towards the north, scattered along the edge of a still deeper declivity, which overhangs the green low- lying meadow of the river valley of the Derwent.

As the north side of the hill on which the old part of the city stands is extremely steep, it had been found convenient, in early times, to throw the earth dug from the foundations of houses down this declivity, towards the North Loch. As a result the whole mass, to a considerable depth, consisted entirely of loose earth. Mylne underestimated the depth of foundations required. This, together with other design faults, led to a collapse of part of the structure on 3 August 1769, killing five people.

In another declivity of the hill, Qutlugh Qadam engaged an Afghan in combat and while they grappled both of them fell tumbling from a height, however Qutlugh cut off his head. Kubek Beg too faced off with an afghan and won. After defeating the Afghans he continued his march alongside the mountain and finally arrived at Belah, a small district lying on the banks of the Indus and which was dependent on Multan. He now kept close to the Indus marching further south till he reached the tomb of Sakhi Sarwar.

Br. Aranha, wounded at the outset by a scimitar and a lance, fell down a deep declivity into the thick crop of a rice-field, where he lay until he was discovered. He was then carried to a Hindu idol, to which he was bidden to bow his head. Upon his refusal to do this, he was tied to a tree and was shot to death with arrows. The spot where this tree stood is marked with an octagonal monument surmounted by a cross, which was repaired by the Patriarch of Goa in 1885.

There is a sharp transition from the land to sea as opposed to that on a flat coast where the land descends gradually seawards. The height of the land on a steep coast is well above sea level. Most steep coast are rocky cliffed coasts (also called abrasion coasts), where the erosion processes of wave action result in a steep declivity. Another type of steep coast is the fjord which is formed when a glacial valley lies partially under water as a result of a rise in sea levels.

The confluence of the Bhagirathi, which flows in rapids with strong currents meets a much calmer river in the Alaknanda and this has been vividly described by the British captain Raper as: > The contrast between the two rivers joining here is striking. The > Bhaghirathi runs down a steep declivity with rapid force, roaring and > foaming flowing over large fragments placed in its bed, while the placid, > Alakananda, flowing, with a smooth, unruffled surface, gently winds round > the point till, meeting with her turbulent consort, she is forcibly hurried > down, and unites her clamours with the blustering current.

Area shaded purple approximates the sacred precinct The site of Lycosura occupies a hill of 632 m in the wooded, mountainous region south of the river Plataniston. The Sanctuary of Despoina is sited in a declivity on the north-eastern face of the hill occupied by the city. The temple and considerable remains of the cult statuary group were discovered in 1889 CE by the Greek Archaeological Service, well before the advent of stratographic excavation techniques. Dating of the finds and structures thus remains problematic, although later excavations and studies have attempted to clarify the situation.

The first type of mining utilizes shafts or sinkings, spaces that stretch, either vertically or sloping (from 90 to 60 degree of declivity), into the sandstone and crag rock, which is covered by a layer of argillaceous soil [fig. 6]. These shafts lead directly to the ore and ventilate the underground shafts and facilitate the delivery of minerals and rocks to the surface. At present the majority of them are filled with collapsed clue rock and detritus, others have been destroyed by the dump from later excavations. The second type occurs as galleries, or drifts (headings).

A map of Penmaenmawr from 1947 According to tradition, the 5th- or 6th-century saint Seiriol, after whom Ynys Seiriol (also known as Puffin Island or Priestholme) is named, had a hermit's cell in Cwm Graiglwyd. A declivity, Clipyn Seiriol, above the modern road tunnel through Penmaen-mawr, also bears his name, as does the modern church of St Seiriol's near the town centre. The older church of St Gwynin's in Dwygyfylchi is the parish church today. Penmaenmawr is also associated with Saint Ulo, Capelulo being at the foot of Sychnant and reputedly the site of an early medieval chapel.

The waggon capacity was 50 cwt in 1784, increased to 60 cwt by 1796. In the early 1820s Elgin waggonway had spring catch points with iron rails, worked by remote control. In 1824 Alexander Scott described the line in a technical paper: > The railway on Lord Elgin's works, between Dunfermline and Limekilns in > Fife, for design and execution, is inferior to none. On this line of railway > there are two inclined planes, executed with all the requisite machinery, > for the loaded waggons drawing up the empty ones; the longest of these is > about 511 yards, with a declivity of about one in twenty.

Some historians have stated that the church of Holy Trinity was never the parish church, despite being within the town walls, as it had no evidence of a burial ground. Clarkson states in his History of Richmond, that Holy Trinity was too small to accommodate the growing population and so a "Low Church, situated on the declivity of the hill" was built. This was in the original burial ground for Trinity church, outside the town walls. However, until The Reformation, both churches were lesser in terms of religious importance in comparison to Easby Abbey (St Agatha).

In 1786, White moved to the future site of Knoxville, where he and fellow explorer James Connor built what became known as White's Fort. The site straddled a hill that was bounded by the river on the south, creeks (First Creek and Second Creek) on the east and west, and a swampy declivity on the north. The fort, which originally stood along modern State Street, consisted of four heavily timbered cabins connected by an palisade, enclosing one- quarter acre of ground.J.G.M. Ramsey, The Annals of Tennessee to the End of the Eighteenth Century (Johnson City, Tenn.

The West Lusatian Foothills form the northwestern declivity of the Lusatian Highlands. They extend between Saxon Switzerland in the south, the Upper Lusatian Highlands in the south east, the Upper Lusatian Gefilde in the north east, the Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape in the northeast and the Königsbrück-Ruhland Heaths in the northwest. Immediately to the west and also south of the Königsbrück-Ruhland Heath they are adjoined by the Lusatian Plateau. To the north they are bounded by the Großenhainer Pflege, to the south and southwest by the Dresden Basin and just touch Saxon Switzerland in the extreme southeast.

A 1904 map of Puerto Princesa Spanish colonizers founded the settlement on March 4, 1872 in the course of their exploration of the province. As they scanned the Palawan shoreline for a capital site, they came upon a hill with steep declivity. Rowing to shore, they surveyed the hill and discovered an extensive plateau which they decided as ideal for settlement. Soon after, Fr. Antonio Muro levelled a portion of the hill to make way for a chapel (that section is now occupied by the Roman Catholic Cathedral, the P.C. Barracks and the Rizal Park, the Old Municipal Building used to be there, as well as an Elementary School).

Later the same year, Henry VIII celebrated Christmas to Twelfth Night at Richmond with the first of his six wives, Catherine of Aragon. During those celebrations, says Mrs. A. T. Thomson, in her Memoirs of the Court of Henry the Eighth: > On the night of the Epiphany (1510), a pageant was introduced into the hall > at Richmond, representing a hill studded with gold and precious stones, and > having on its summit a tree of gold, from which hung roses and pomegranates. > From the declivity of the hill descended a lady richly attired, who, with > the gentlemen, or, as they were then called, children of honour, danced a > morris before the king.

Amihai Mazar suggests that the structure served as either a fortress or an administrative center, and most likely manned by a garrison to secure the roads between the major towns of the Shephelah and the string of settlements along the edge of the hill region.Mazar, A. (1993), p. 16 The mound is almost entirely strewn with razed boulders, and ancillary walls, partially standing, are to be seen on the ruin. On its eastern side is a steep declivity, descending down into the valley below, Wadi Tibbaneh (Wadi Tibna), where it joins Etzion Valley (Wady el Jindy) to its south at a drop of about .

It is an example of why generals needed to use combined arms to overcome the tactics used by enemy officers to frustrate an attack by a single arm of an army. In contrast the 27th (Inniskilling) suffered 478 casualties from an initial strength of 750 because of their exposure to attack by French combined arms. They were located near the centre of Wellington's line, but unlike most of the rest of Wellington's infantry were in a declivity on the exposed side of the Mont-Saint-Jean escarpment. Exposed as they were, they were forced to stand in square for most of the day for fear of cavalry attack and so made an easy dense target for Napoleon's massed artillery.

Hydrographic network of Alberta With the exception of the southern section, the province of Alberta may be said to be well watered. Rising from numerous valleys on the Alberta declivity of the Rocky Mountains between the international boundary line and 52° north are streams which unite to form the Oldman River, and farther north the Bow River. Running eastward these two rivers unite about 112° west, and flow on under the name of the South Saskatchewan River. North of 52° north many small streams unite to form the Red Deer River, which flowing southeastward joins the South Saskatchewan near 110° west. Between 52° and 53° north rises the great river, the North Saskatchewan.

Ashton-under- Lyne and neighbouring Oldham viewed from Werneth Low At (53.4941°, −2.1032°), and north-northwest of London, Ashton-under-Lyne stands on the north bank of the River Tame, about above the river. Described in Samuel Lewis's A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848) as situated "on a gentle declivity", Ashton-under-Lyne lies on undulating ground by the Pennines, reaching a maximum elevation of about above sea level. It is east of Manchester city centre, and is bound on all sides by other towns: Audenshaw, Droylsden, Dukinfield, Mossley, Oldham, and Stalybridge, with little or no green space between them. Ashton experiences a temperate maritime climate, like much of the British Isles.

Mawuena Logan, in her article "Postcoloniality and Resistance in Earl Lovelace's The Wine of Astonishment and The Dragon Can't Dance" refers to Frantz Fanon, who describes "the postcolonial subject" as being in a "zone of nonbeing, an extraordinarily sterile and arid region, an utterly naked declivity, but – where an authentic upheaval can be born -Logan, Mawuena, "Postcoloniality and Resistance in Earl Lovelace's The Wine of Astonishment and The Dragon Can't Dance", Revista Brasileira do Caribe. a liminal space". Performing one's way out of this liminal space and transforming identity into an "aggregated or consummated" formArnold Van Gennep and Victor Turner. is a complex process that requires time, but the reward is true freedom.

The Norman and Welsh areas of Gower were roughly divided by the common lands of Clyne, Fairwood, Pengwern and Cefn Bryn. The geology of the Gower Peninsula is made up of limestone, coal measures and old red sandstone. The Board of Agriculture’s report for South Wales of 1814 commented: > "The soil in this limestone is excellent for both the tillage and pasture, > being a brownish marly loam, of good tenacity in some places; in others, on > a few degrees of declivity, light and somewhat sandy, so as to be > occasionally damaged by the larvae of the cock-chaffer. It produces with > good management, plenty of all kinds of grain, and swards naturally with the > sweetest grasses".

Lordomyrma vanua (named after its type locality Vanua Levu) is a species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae. Lordomyrma vanua, with its heavily rugose head and mesosoma, is similar to L. rugosa, but can be distinguished by its smooth forecoxae, smooth propodeal declivity, smooth anteriodorsal region of the promesonotum, broader and more widely spaced rugae, and larger size. The other species with which L. vanua might be confused is L. striatella, from which it can be separated by its weaker antenna scrobe, broader and more widely spaced rugae, more well developed propodeal spines, more robust petiole and larger size. Despite its morphological resemblance to L. rugosa, molecular phylogenetic analyses place L. vanua as a closer relative to species such as L. tortuosa, L. striatella and L. vuda.

Woodside was the home of John Ramsbottom (1778–1845), Member of Parliament for New Windsor between 1810 and 1845. The 1828 Visitants' guide to Windsor castle and its vicinity described Woodside as "having a very commanding appearance", surrounded by a "handsome park", and noted that it was "situated on the gentle declivity of a hill stretching from the Great Park to the Thames". According to the guide, the house was built during the reign of King George II. Woodside was advertised for sale in The Times in July 1849 through Messrs Daniel Smith and Sons. The advertisement described a "substantial mansion of the Elizabethan style of architecture" situated in a small park "studded with venerable old oaks and other valuable timber".

At the foot of the declivity, Babworth Hall, the church, the rectory and the lake, wherein shrub and tree are shadowed, naturally catch the eye." In 1896, Cornelius Brown wrote that Retford was "discernible from the [Great Northern Railway] line as a mass of red-brick houses and smoking chimneys, with the tower of an old parish church rising in their midst’. C Moss wrote: "Not only does the proximity of Retford to the Dukeries make the town attractive to visitors, but it is also sought after as a place of residence...One of the charms of Retford is undoubtedly its antiquity." Bill Bryson, the American author and former president of the Campaign to Protect Rural England, praised the town.

A road to Alloa and Airth passed by the back of the Forge Row and through the Stenhouse estate; Arthur's O'on stood on the north-east side of this road. Early historian often discuss it along with the Roman fort at Camelon. The building was on the declivity of rising ground, supported by a basement of stones, projecting out from below the lowest course of the building; it was so far from being upon a level area, that a great part of the basement, and four courses of the stones on the south side, were hidden in the earth. The marks of three or four steps, which may have formerly led from the ground to the entrance of the building, were visible at one time.

One range, or series of ranges, closely follows the outline of the coast; the other, which is loftier, forms the northern limit of the great tableland of Castile and León, and is sometimes regarded as a continuation of the Pyrenees. In some parts the coastal range rises sheer above the sea, and everywhere has so abrupt a declivity that the streams which flow seaward are all short and swift. The descent from the southern range to the high plateaux of Castile is more gradual, and several large rivers, notably the Ebro, rise here and flow to the south or west. The breadth of the Cantabrian chain, with all its ramifications, increases from about 60 mi (97 km); in the east to about in the west.

There are various theories intended to explain the origin of the name Bauru. One was proposed by Ismael Marinho Falcão, an engineer who lived for many years with the Kaingang tribe, which used to inhabit the region. According to him, the region was called ubaurú because of the abundance of a herbaceous plant called ubá, used for hampers and wicker baskets, and urú, a ground bird related to the chicken. Others think that the name comes from mbai-yuru, meaning 'waterfall' or 'river in strong declivity'; or ybá or uru, 'basket of fruits' in Old Tupi;University of São Paulo , Old Tupi Vocabulary (in Portuguese) or even bauruz, as the natives who inhabited the edges of the Batalha River were called.

Marching from there and proceeding in a direction in which there was no road Babur halted one night and on the day after he reached a very precipitous declivity he was obliged to dismount and descended by a long and steep defile. The soldiers as well as the camels and horses traveled an extremely steep and narrow defile and the greater part of the bullocks which he had brought away as plunder in the course of this expedition was lost. The common road was only a mile or two to his right and road by which he was conducted was not a horse road. As the herds and flocks of sheep and mares go down this descent and by the defile, it was for that reason it was called the Sheep road.

In the heart of a great city, it is not accommodated with > ventilators, with water-pipe, with privy. The filth collected in the jail is > thrown into a hole within the house at the foot of a stair, which, it is > pretended, communicates with a drain; but, if so, it is so compleatly > chocked, as to serve no other purpose but that filling the jail with > disagreeable stench. This is the more inexcusable, since, by making a drain > to the north, over a very narrow street, such a declivity might be reached, > that, with the help of water, of which there is command, the sewer might be > kept perfectly clean. When we visited the jail there were confined in it > about twenty-nine prisoners, partly debtors, partly delinquents; four or > five were women, and there were five boys.

The confluence of the Bhagirathi, which flows in rapids with strong currents meets a much calmer river in the Alaknanda and this has been vividly described by the British captain Raper as: > The contrast between the two rivers joining here is striking. The > Bhaghirathi runs down a steep declivity with rapid force, roaring and > foaming flowing over large fragments placed in its bed, while the placid, > Alakananda, flowing, with a smooth, unruffled surface, gently winds round > the point till, meeting with her turbulent consort, she is forcibly hurried > down, and unites her clamours with the blustering current. The confluence got the name tag 'Dev' from a poor Brahmin called Deva Sharma who performed "rigorous religious austerities" here and was blessed by Rama, Vishnu's incarnation and hero of the epic Ramayana. There are two Kunds or ponds on the banks of the rivers which join here, these are: the Vasistha Kund on the Bhagirathi and the Brahma Kund on the bank of the Alakananda.

Dubuat, therefore, assumed it as a proposition of fundamental importance that, when water flows in any channel or bed, the accelerating force which obliges it to move is equal to the sum of all the resistances which it meets with, whether they arise from its own viscosity or from the friction of its bed. This principle was employed by him in the first edition of his work, which appeared in 1779. The theory contained in that edition was founded on the experiments of others, but he soon saw that a theory so new, and leading to results so different from the ordinary theory, should be founded on new experiments more direct than the former, and he was employed in the performance of these from 1780 to 1783. The experiments of Bossut were made only on pipes of a moderate declivity, but Dubuat used declivities of every kind, and made his experiments upon channels of various sizes.

33 eventually killing 5,733 people out of a total of around 18,000 – 32 per cent of the population at the time. Little was done about the sanitary problems; while the epidemic was still raging Lord Nelson suggested to the then governor that the houses at the back of the town should be burned down to root out the disease. An article in the 1831 Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal noted Town Range's problems with sewage, remarking that in 1828 "the drains were much filled with filth" and were heavily affected by heavy rain in the month of August. The drain from the soil-pit to the lower square of the Town Range was said to be "choked up, and burst open a short time before the regiment was sent to camp: and, in the King's Bastion, the sewers at the north and south, probably from a want of sufficient declivity, frequently allow the corrupt substances to accumulate at their entrances, and emit during the summer months exhalations".

A description of the valley by Robert Etheridge in 1889 reads: > Mounts Ledgbird [sic] and Gower are separated by Erskine Valley, or the > "Between Hills", a deep and wide depression, running down to the south- west > coast. Its descent is very rapid and steep, with more or less permanent > water, the sides of the valley being everywhere covered with boulders and > volcanic débris, interspersed amongst the densest possible vegetation. The > saddle at the head of this declivity, forming the connecting neck between > the two hills, is very narrow, probably not more than twenty to thirty > yards, covered with large boulders, and supporting a low, stunted vegetation > and much under-growth, bearing testimony in the twisted and gnarled > condition of the trees to the heavy squalls amid gales which pass across it, > and of which we had a vivid personal experience during the night we were > camped in this otherwise charming spot. Erskine Valley acts, in fact, as a > kind of funnel, and reminded me much of the deep, long gulches with which > the Island of St. Helena is cut up.

Carter describes the line as "Laid with a wooden plateway, ... its wooden rails were replaced with iron ones in 1815", but this seems to diverge from other accounts.E F Carter, An Historical Geography of the Railways of the British Isles, Cassell, London, 1959 In January 1812, the Scots Magazine described the line, then not quite finished; it would be double track with frequent crossovers: > The road is to be double, or two distinct roads of four feet in width each, > and laid four feet distance from each other, with frequent communications > from the one road to the other, so as not only to admit of carriages going > both ways, but to allow one carriage to pass another when both are > travelling in one direction. It would have a gentle gradient of about 1 in 660 (0.15%) falling towards Troon: > The total rise of the ground, from the Troon Harbour to Kilmarnock, is 80 or > 84 feet, which is equally divided over the whole course of the road, so as > to form it into an inclined plane, having a declivity of nearly eight feet, > every mile.

The waggons have cast iron wheels, 27½ inches > diameter, and are supposed to weigh altogether about a ton. A waggon carries > 30 cwt of coals and 3 waggons are linked together by chains; so that 1 horse > draws 4½ tons of coal at once; and the declivity of the way is so gentle > that the same horse draws with ease the 3 empty waggons back to the coal- > hill. The advantage of putting the weight into 3 waggons, in place of 1, is > very considerable: They are easier to fill and empty; and the throwing the > weight over a greater surface, does less damage to the waggon way, and is > likewise easier for the horse as it is well known, that almost the only > stress a horse has, on a good waggon way, is in the first stating of the > waggon; therefore if the whole 4½ tons were put into one waggon, the > difficulty would be great; but as the waggons, when standing still, are > close to one another, and the chains that link them together are 2 feet > long, the horse has only 30cwt.