Ergonovine (ergometrine) Humans use Ipomoea for their content of medical and psychoactive compounds, mainly alkaloids. Some species are renowned for their properties in folk medicine and herbalism; for example Vera Cruz jalap (I. jalapa) and Tampico jalap (I. simulans) are used to produce jalap, a cathartic preparation accelerating the passage of stool.
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It was later realized that Roman's jalap was not the Mexican jalap, but a relative in the family Convolvulaceae, probably Solanum jamesii. This "wild jalap" or "wild potato" was in the Pharmacopoeia of the United States from 1820 until 1863. Romans pursued his botanizing enthusiastically, collecting many plant specimens and seeds, and began seeking support for a plan to establish a botanical garden in West Florida.
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Residents of Jalap Area are very humble, sociable, simple-minded and hospitable, that is why even today the crime rate here is the lowest in the district. Pinanwal has a central position in the Jalap area. It is the center of economic, social and agricultural activities. The Jalap area has the most fertile land and that is why most of the people are engaged in agriculture.
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They are found, however, to be rich in resin, containing 18%. The plant also has been grown in Jamaica, at first amongst the cinchona trees, but more recently in new ground, as it was found to exhaust the soil. Besides Mexican or Vera Cruz jalap, a drug called Tampico jalap has been imported for some years in considerable quantity. It has a much more shrivelled appearance and paler colour than ordinary jalap, and lacks the small, transverse scars present in the true drug.
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Ipomoea purga is a species of flowering plant in the genus Ipomoea. It is commonly referred to as jalap.
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They, due to their hard work, high morals and intelligence, soon mingled with the locals. They innovated agriculture and brought prosperity to Pinanawal and the Jalap area. The history of Jalap and Pinanwal spans more or less 425 years. This region is unique in Punjab in terms of its customs, society and values.
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Dharyala Jalap is a village and union council, near the Jhelum River, of Jhelum District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is part of Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil.Tehsils & Unions in the District of Jhelum - Government of Pakistan The village gets its name from the Jalap tribe, who make up the bulk of the population.
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Lehr Sultanpur is a village and union council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is part of Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil. The village is actually composed of four smaller villages: Khoti, Dhoak Jalap/Warra, Lehr and Sultanpur. The population belongs to Mirza/Mughal and Rajput Jalap tribes.
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Similarly, the graves of Sardar Khan, Wilayat Khan and Aslam Khan, descendants of Fateh Sher Khan, are also present in the same cemetery. The area in which the Jalap tribe resides is called "Jalap area". The boundaries of Jalap area are:- From Mouza Baghanwala including in the north to the Jhelum River in the south and from Mouza Chak Jani including in the east to Mouza Aadowal including in the west. This area is now counted in Jhelum district and has the most fertile land of the district.
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I gave him a prescription for equal parts of the extracts of rhubarb and jalap, which I have found a good habitual eccoprotic.
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Roman's survey work in West Florida continued into 1772. In Pensacola, a John Lorimer recruited Romans to explore for new plant specimens. Romans soon discovered what he believed to be true jalap, which was much in demand in Europe as a cathartic. Jalap had previously been available only from New Spain, and the prospect of a supply under British control pleased many in West Florida.
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Scammonin (also known as jalapin or scammonium) is a glycoside derived naturally from the stems of the Ipomoea purga (jalap plant) and from Convolvulus scammonia (scammony).
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This kind of jalap, the purga de Sierra Gorda of the Mexicans, was traced by Daniel Hanbury to Ipomoea simulans. Ipomoea jalapa is yet another morning glory species from which jalap is obtained; it was first scientifically described (as Convolvulus jalapa) by Linnaeus. However, it is not of great commercial importance. As it also occurs in Veracruz, it was long confused with I. purga, even by such eminent botanists as David Don, Thomas Nuttall or C.J.W. Schiede.
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The root contains convolvulin, which is a powerful cathartic (see jalap). It is used to prevent diarrhea, but large amounts will induce vomiting. When applied to a wound, it is said to induce purgation.
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When used in Chinese medicine, it is called chuíxù shānglù (垂序商陸).Further unlisted names that appear in Hortus Third (Bailey, Bailey, et al., 1976, op. cit.) include: cancer jalap, oakum, garget, pocan, and scoke.
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Both brothers initially settled in the area of Kariala Jalap but lately Panjan Khan founded a new village on the east side called Panjanwal and today it is called Pinanwal. The graves of these gentlemen (few known and others unknown) are present in the ancient hill cemetery of Kariala Jalap. Panjan Khan had five sons who settled in Pinanwal and its environs. Murad Khan, the grandson of the eldest son Sher Khan, also had five sons who were Ali Muhammad Khan, Mali Khan, Shadi Khan, Azad Khan and Sultan Khan respectively.
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Blacklock retired to the Duke of Devonshire's stud. He became a successful stallion and was champion sire of Great Britain in 1746. He sired several good runners and the dams of Captain, Cassandra, Dorimond, Trajan, Marcus and Jalap.
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Further unlisted names that appear at WebMD include American Nightshade, American Spinach, Baie de Phytolaque d'Amérique, Bear's Grape, Branching Phytolacca, Cancer Jalap, Chongras, Coakum, Coakum-Chorngras, Cokan, Crowberry, Épinard de Cayenne, Épinard des Indes, Faux Vin, Fitolaca, Garget, Herbe à la Laque, Hierba Carmin, Jalap, Kermesbeere, Laque, Phytolacca Berry, Phytolacca americana, Phytolacca decandra, Phytolaque Américaine, Phytolaque à Baies, Phytolaque Commun, Phytolaque d'Amérique, Pocan, Raisin d'Amérique, Red Plant, Scoke, Skoke, Teinturier, Teinturière, Vigne de Judée. See WebMD, 2015, "Pokeweed," at WebMD: Vitamin and Supplement (online), , accessed 2 May 2015. As food, it is called poke sallet, or more commonly poke salad, sometimes spelled polk salad.
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Jalapana is a large village and union council in the Sargodha District of Pakistani Punjab. Its original name (with diacritics) is Jalpāna. The village gets its name from the Jalap tribe, who were said to be founders of the village. This was a very small settlement with uncultivated surroundings.
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By the 1940s, the ingredients included various purgatives, cholagogues, and carminatives, including aloin (aloe), Podophyllum, cascara, scammony, jalap, colocynth, leptandrin, saponis (soap), cardamom, capsicum, ginger, peppermint oil, and gentian, mixed with liquorice, powdered gum (acacia or tragacanth) and glucose, coated with black charcoal or carbon powder to form ovoid pills.
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An early recipe for "True Daffy" from 1700 lists the following ingredients: aniseed, brandy, cochineal, elecampane, fennel seed, jalap, manna, parsley seed, raisin, rhubarb, saffron, senna and spanish liquorice. Chemical analysis has shown this to be a laxative made mostly from alcohol. Other recipes include Guiuacum wood chips, caraway, Salt of Tartar, and scammony.
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Chak Ali Shah is a village approximately east of tehsil Pind Dadan Khan, Jhelum District, in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. It is bounded in the south by the River Jhelum and on the north by the Salt Range. The Khewra Salt Mine is from the village. Neighbouring villages are Chak Hamid and Nawan Loke, and the nearest large town is Dharyala Jalap.
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As well as vanilla, Thiéry de Menonville brought with him to Saint Domingue jalap of Mexico, indigo seeds of Guatemala, and cotton seeds from Veracruz; in his travels he also noted the strangely beautiful flowers he had seen there, dahlias as they turned out to be, in his official report, published in 1787, after his death, by the academy at Cap-Haïtien, previously named Cap‑Français (initially Cap-François).
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In recent years the Punjab Governmenthas founded a small dispensary where a Doctor with two nurses perform their duties. The doctor only gives basic health care services. The nearest hospital is the Civil Hospital in Jalalpur Sharief, which gives free service for everyone; and the Fauji Foundation Hospital in Dariala Jalap, which give services to all, but is free only for those who served in the Armed Forces and their families.
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During 1556-1605 AD, Raja Sadhawan Khan migrated from Ram Diana (now Midh Ranjha / Ranmal Sharif) area of Chenab River with his tribe (Jalap) and settled down on the banks of Jhelum River in the plain area of Salt Range.Sadhawan Khan had three grandsons - Allah Ditta Khan, Dhing Khan and Aadu Khan. Dhing Khan and Aadu Khan founded Dhingwal and Aaduwal respectively. Allah Ditta Khan had two sons - Panjan Khan and Panjayan Khan.
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All seasonal crops are grown here, But potatoes and maize have become cash crops. The largest agricultural commodity market in the district is located here. Once upon a time there was a small fort (kot) to which Mohalla Kot Ali is attributed. Pinanwal and Jalap Area’s population is made up of different communities, people have lived together for centuries in a relationship of mutual respect, brotherhood and expressed high values of society.
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Numerous Spanish families from the nearby towns settled in Xalapa, so by 1760 the population had increased to over 1,000 inhabitants, including mestizo and Spanish. Among local items of commerce were botanical medicines particularly ipomoea purga source of a drug known in English as Jalap. The growth of Xalapa in population, culture, commerce and importance, increased dramatically in the 18th century. Responding to residents' requests, Carlos IV of Spain declared Xalapa a town on 18 December 1791.
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The Reception of American Drug in Europe, 1500-1650, by J. Worth Estes, included topics such as guaiacum, balsams, jalap, sassafras, tobacco, and cacao. Hernandez's scholars, Jose Maria Lopez Piñero and his colleague Jose Pardo Tomas, gave an overview and assessed Hernandez's contribution to all European botany and materia medica. Their attention was on vanilla, tomato, and corn. Another individual who gave a different illustration of the foods described by Hernandez was Maria Jose Lopez Terrada.
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Bhatt Jalap was a Brahmin bard in the court of Guru Arjan, whose five hymns are present in Guru Granth Sahib, the holy book of Sikhs.Page cxx, The Ādi- Granth, Or: The Holy Scriptures of the Sikhs, Ernst Trumpp, W.H. Allen, 1877Page 36, The Encyclopedia of Sikhism (over 1000 Entries), H. S. Singha, Hemkunt Press, 2000 Page 8, The Sikh Review, Volume 55, Issues 1-6, Sikh Cultural Centre, 2007thesikhencyclopedia.com : BHATT BANI The title Bhatt is given to learned Brahmins.
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Pinanwal and Jalap area were also inhabited by Hindus, whose occupation was mostly trade. They all migrated to India on the occasion of Partition of India and were replaced by Muslims from East Punjab who endured the hardships of migration. It is important that the local people sent off them from the area without harming them. The government allotted Hindu property to the migrating Muslims and the locals, playing the role of Ansar e Madina, welcomed their brothers and left no stone unturned in their resettlement.
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The name of Mirabilis jalapa given by Carl Von Linne in 1753 is formed from the scientific Latin Mirabilis meaning "admirable" by allusion to the remarkable colors of its flowers and the specific name jalapa that would refer to its origin in the Jalapa in Guatemala. But the epithet of jalapa could also refer to the city of Xalapa (Jalapa) in Mexico from which came a former purgative drug, named jalap, taken from the tubers of the tuberous jalap.Bruneton, J. Pharmacognosy - Phytochemistry, medicinal plants, 4 th edition, revised and enlarged. , Paris, Tec & Doc - International Medical Publishing,2009, 1288 p.
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Chak Shadi is a village and union council of Jhelum District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is located near the town of Pinanwal and is a part of Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil,Tehsils & Unions in the District of Jhelum - Government of Pakistan and is located at 32°39'40N 73°15'20E with an altitude of 206 metres (679 feet).Location of Chak Shadi - Falling Rain Genomics Almost the entire population is Muslim, and belong to the Jalap tribe. Raja Muhamad Hayat Khan Nawab Of Chak shadi, who was one 3 biggest landlords of district Jhelum.
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However, the long siege of six months cast heavily on the lives of the inhabitants of Kusak Fort as they ran short of drinking water and food. Having left with no other option, the Sultan along with all other members of his tribe relocated to Haranpur and stayed there for 40 years. The Sultan died in Haranpur in 1830 and his family returned to their motherland in 1850 where they laid the foundation of Lehr Sultanpur village which is adjacent to Kusak village. The lost Kusak State remained in the possession of Sultan Fateh Mohammad Khan’s siblings and is still owned by his successors (added by Shahzad Raja Wara Jalap).
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His exploit is briefly recounted by Londa L. Schiebinger, Plants and Empire: Colonial Bioprospecting in the Atlantic World (Harvard University Press) 2004, pp 39–44. His colorful Voyage à Guaxaca (Oaxaca) narrates his adventure, in which he played upon the smugness and venality of the colonial Spanish. After arriving in Saint Domingue, he obtained papers identifying him as a botanizing physician and declared himself in search of the botanicals necessary for his treatment of gout. He herbalized in Havana, awaiting transport to Mexico, and on his arrival in Veracruz in January 1777, endeared himself locally by identifying the "true" jalap – a useful drug that was imported expensively, even though locally abundant.
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Besides passengers and mails, the steamer was carrying a large variety of general cargo from Mexico and Cuba ranging from exotic things such as alligator skins, jalap and fustic to hemp, coffee, pineapples, mahogany, rubber, tobacco and cigars. Starting from 1908 the vessel also began carrying Mexican silver from the port of Vera Cruz. For example, on May 16, 1908 Merida brought to New York 160 bars of silver in addition to 200 passengers and a large miscellaneous cargo. With improving silver prices and increased production, the silver exports grew in 1909-1910 too, for instance on March 18, 1910 the steamer brought 256 silver bars in addition to other general cargo.
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Rush also wrote the first case report on dengue fever (published in 1789 on a case from 1780). Perhaps his greatest contributions to physical medicine were his establishment of a public dispensary for low income patients, and public works associated with draining and rerouting Dock Creek (eliminating mosquito breeding grounds, which greatly decreased typhus, typhoid and cholera outbreaks). Rush concocted a mixture of calomel, chlorine, jalap and mercury to create a proprietary purgative which he named "Dr Rush's Thunderbolts"; it was used by Captain Meriwether Lewis and Second Lieutenant William Clark during their expedition to the Pacific coast. Another of Rush's medical views that now draws criticism is his analysis of race.
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One source described Coxe as being "under the influence of earlier systems and became the most notable illustrator of the conservative teaching of an older time, though this in no way affected the good he did as the inaugurator of medical journalism". Another declared him "one of the first great medical writers in this country". He invented "Coxe's Hive Syrup," Syrupus Scillae Compositus U.S.P., which "had a great vogue for half a century", and lectured to druggists and apothecaries until a sufficient number had been educated to form the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. In 1829 he succeeded in cultivating the true jalap plant, so that its real character and position might be determined.
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