These bananas are sterile and dependent on propagation via cloning, either by using suckers and cuttings taken from the underground stem or through modern tissue culture.
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A biological term referring to the laterally spreading, underground stem systems of plants like tulips and bamboo, it was applied here to the propagation of ideas.
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Taro, a plant with edible heart-shaped leaves and a fiber-rich corm (underground stem), is rarely seen on dining tables in the mainland United States.
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At Koko Head Cafe, her popular all-day brunch restaurant in Honolulu, she ferments poi into yogurt, sours it into hollandaise sauce, and bakes the koena, or the outer scrapings off the taro's corm, the plant's fuzzy underground stem, into dense but flaky biscuits.
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At Koko Head Cafe, her popular all-day brunch restaurant in Honolulu, she ferments poi into yogurt, sours it into hollandaise sauce and bakes the koena, or the outer scrapings off the taro's corm, the plant's fuzzy underground stem, into dense but flaky biscuits.
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Rhizomatous plants have an underground stem with small fiber-like adventitious roots. A. chamissonis has a mature height of roughly .
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It occurs in shady places such as deciduous woodland and hedge sides. The plant consists of a branched whitish underground stem closely covered with thick, fleshy, colourless leaves, which are bent over so as to hide under the surface. The only portions that appear above ground in April to May are the short flower- bearing shoots, which bear a spike of two-lipped dull purple flowers, but is also able to produce cleistogamic underground flowers which fertilise themselves. It is also able to regenerate from broken fragments of the underground stem.
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They are hardy tuberous geophytes. In a thickened underground stem, they can store a large amount of water to survive arid conditions. The tuber is flattened and finger-like. The long leaves are lanceolate and, in most species, also speckled.
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This underground stem part helps it survive wildfire, which is common in its chaparral habitat. The aboveground stem grows up to 30 centimeters long. It is glandular and sticky in texture. The leaves have oval blades up to 12 centimeters long.
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The tallest Acacia of its area, it can grow to 10 metres. Specimens above 3 metres are not often seen, however, as bushfires occur often in its area. Fire burns the plants right to the ground, but the underground stem resprouts vigorously.
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This unusual flower has a long vase life in flower arrangements, and makes for an excellent dried flower. Protea cynaroides is adapted to survive wildfires by its thick underground stem, which contains many dormant buds; these will produce the new growth after the fire.
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It grows in mossy, moist places, often in shade. This perennial herb, one of two species of Scoliopus, grows from a rhizome and a small section of underground stem. The above-ground parts include two large leaves each up to . There are sometimes 3 or 4 leaves.
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But the mocassin flower or pink lady's slipper (Cypripedium acaule) has a short underground stem with leaves springing from the soil. The often hairy leaves can vary from ovate to elliptic or lanceolate, folded (plicate) along their length. The stems lack pseudobulbs. The inflorescence is racemose.
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Zedoary grows in tropical and subtropical wet forest regions. The fragrant plant bears yellow flowers with red and green bracts and the underground stem section, a rhizome, is large and tuberous with numerous branches. The leaf shoots of the zedoary are large and can reach 1 meter (3 feet) in height.
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It is possible to devernalize a plant by exposure to sometimes low and high temperatures subsequent to vernalization. For example, commercial onion growers store sets at low temperatures, but devernalize them before planting, because they want the plant's energy to go into enlarging its bulb (underground stem), not making flowers.
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This underground stem has sometimes been called a rhizome, or at least rhizome-like. The herbage is coated in hairs, making it look ashy or silvery. The leaves are compound, made up of up to 25 leaflets which may be folded. The flowers are purple, pinkish purple, or purple-striped white.
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Vancouveria planipetala is a rhizomatous perennial herb with a short, mostly underground stem. It produces a patch of basal leaves which are each made up of round or heart-shaped leaflets borne on long, reddish petioles. The inflorescence appears in May and June. It is a panicle of flowers on a long, erect peduncle.
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Agapanthus is a genus of herbaceous perennials that mostly bloom in summer. The leaves are basal, curved, and linear, growing up to long. They are rather leathery and arranged in two opposite rows. The plant has a mostly underground stem called a rhizome (like a ginger 'root') that is used as a storage organ.
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A small geophyte, with an underground stem, and a tuft of slender leaves that appear in a rosette above the ground. The leaves are slender, succulent and cylindrical (200mm long; 5mm broad). The 50 cm tall inflorescence appears in early Summer, or after rains. The yellow flowers are carried at the top of it.
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In its raw form chewing or extraction through a juicer extracts its juice. ; Sugar maple : Xylem sap from the tree trunks is made into maple sugar and maple syrup. ; Taro : The edible portion is the underground stem (corm). ; Wasabi : In addition to its edible stem, the leaves and rhizomes of the plant are edible.
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Vancouveria chrysantha is a rhizomatous perennial herb with a short, mostly underground stem. It produces a patch of basal leaves which are each made up of round, shallowly lobed leaflets borne on long, reddish petioles. The inflorescence appears in the spring to early summer. It is a raceme of flowers on a long, erect peduncle with hairy, glandular branches.
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It has an underground stem, known as a rhizome. This spreads into many bunches in the same way as banana, ginger, galangal and turmeric. These structures accumulate nutrients and the middle part is more swollen than the head and bottom part. The inner part has a range of colours and aromas depending on the variety of fingerroot.
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It is not a grass, nor does it look like one, but grows from a short underground stem. It has long stemmed heart-shaped leaves, which are 4-12 in (10–30 cm) long. In the centre of the leaf, is the flowering stem. The stem holds a solitary white flower, blooming between July and October.
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Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora grows to 90 cm high with long sword-shaped leaves, shorter than the flowering stem and arising from the plant base, ribbed and up to 20mm wide. The base is a corm, a swollen underground stem lasting one year. The flowers are up to 5 cm long and coloured deep orange.Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F.. 1968.
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Autumn lady's tresses spreads primarily through sexual reproduction. However, the plants to a limited extent also propagate vegetatively by the formation of side buds on the underground stem. The new plant forms its own tuber and leaf rosette, and if the old root dies, the connection between the two daughter plants is broken. The plants therefore often occur in small dense groups.
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It secretes a polysaccharide into this reservoir, which may be useful for its survival in the cold climate. The plant is named after the Austro-Hungarian explorer, Count Sámuel Teleki. L. telekii plants usually consist of a single rosette, which grows for several decades, flowers once, and then dies. However, a very small number of plants have multiple rosettes connected by an underground stem.
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Flowers Vincetoxicum nigrum emerges from an underground stem in the spring, and flowers during June and July. Vincetoxicum nigrum is self-pollinating, and follicles form throughout the summer. The number of follicles formed is directly linked to the amount of light the plant receives. If there is a lower level of light, then there are fewer follicles compared to a plant exposed to a higher level of light.
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Huckleberries grow wild on subalpine slopes, forests, bogs and lake basins of the northwestern United States and western Canada. The plant has shallow, radiating roots topped by a bush growing from an underground stem. Attempts to cultivate huckleberry plants from seeds have failed, with plants devoid of fruits. This may be due to inability for the plants to fully root and to replicate the native soil chemistry of wild plants.
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The height of a mature Syagrus rupicola ranges from 4-6 ft and it appears to be stemless. As it matures, to a height of approximately 1 meter, its short underground stem spans 10-20 centimeters. It possesses large pistillate flowers, and its fruits split at the apex. A perpendicular bract, fibrous and fleshy mesocarp, as well as silvery-blue leaves are some defining characteristics of Syagrus rupicola.
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Allotropa virgata has an underground stem (rhizome) with brittle roots. The scale-like leaves are along the striped peduncle with a raceme-like inflorescence. The peduncle is persistent after the seeds have been dispersed and tends to turn brown. The bracts of the inflorescence are less than 3 cm and the pedicels are not recurved. The individual flowers generally don’t have sepals but if they do, have 2 to 4.
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Ranunculus lapponicus, the Lapland buttercup, is distributed all over the arctic, with the exception of northern and eastern Greenland. It is a low, prostrate plant with a creeping, underground stem (rhizome) which sends out long stalks and shoots bearing the flowers. The leaves are deeply tripartite, forming 3 lobes which are toothed or crenated. The flowers are yellow, solitary, generally having 6 (8) petals that are distinctly longer than the sepals.
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A stem tuber forms from thickened rhizomes or stolons. The top sides of the tuber produce shoots that grow into typical stems and leaves and the under sides produce roots. They tend to form at the sides of the parent plant and are most often located near the soil surface. The underground stem tuber is normally a short-lived storage and regenerative organ developing from a shoot that branches off a mature plant.
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They are also found in brackish waters on the east coast of the United States in waters up to 12 meters deep. Halodule wrightii has a fast growth rate with a large shoot density that supplies efficient levels of nutrients to the plant. Rhizome growth and nutrient uptake directly affect each other which causes for such rampant size increase within the seagrass. The rhizome is horizontal underground stem that gathers nutrients for plants.
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Sambucus ebulus grows to a height of 1–2 m and has erect, usually unbranched stems growing in large groups from an extensive perennial underground stem rhizome. The leaves are opposite, pinnate, 15–30 cm long, with 5-9 leaflets with a foetid smell. The stems terminate in a corymb 10–15 cm diameter with numerous white (occasionally pink) flat-topped hermaphrodite flowers. The fruit is a small glossy black berry 5–6 mm diameter.
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Older phellem cells are dead, as is the case with woody stems. The skin on the potato tuber (which is an underground stem) constitutes the cork of the periderm. In woody plants the epidermis of newly grown stems is replaced by the periderm later in the year. As the stems grow a layer of cells form under the epidermis, called the cork cambium, these cells produce cork cells that turn into cork.
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This name was already taken by an Asian species, Astragalus plumbeus, so the name was changed to A. molybdenus. Molybdenum is also grayish in color and is mined near Leadville. This species is a small perennial herb growing from a taproot and underground branching caudex unit. Underground stem branches may root and sprout up as new plants, so what appear to be two separate plants may actually be one individual sprouting up twice.
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Asplenium arcanum has fibrous roots and an upright rhizome (underground stem). The rhizome bears narrow, blackish scales, long and wide, which are clathrate (bear a lattice-like pattern) and have untoothed margins. The fronds grow in clumps and are, including the stipe (the stalk of the leaf, below the blade), long. The stipes are dark purple in color at the base, becoming green towards the blade, lack wings, and have no hairs or scales except at the very base.
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It is an acaule plant, with a partially underground stem up to 40 cm high and with a diameter of 15 cm. The leaves are 50–80 cm long, bluish green in color, strongly keeled. The rachis is green, with the upper part clearly curved. The linear leaflets, 10–12 cm long, are arranged on the rachis in the opposite way, with an obtuse angle of insertion, which varies from 45 to 80º; the margins are integer and smooth.
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Such animals eat through protective tunics, but they generally miss several cormels that remain in the soil to replace the consumed plant. Plants such as Homeria, Watsonia and Gladiolus, genera that are vulnerable to such animals, are probably the ones that produce cormels in the greatest numbers and most widely distributed over the plant. Homeria species produce bunches of cormels on underground stem nodes, and Watsonia meriana for example actually produces cormels profusely from under bracts on the inflorescences.
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The bulbous buttercup gets its name from its distinctive perennating organ, a bulb-like swollen underground stem or corm, which is situated just below the soil surface. After the plant dies in heat of summer, the corm survives underground through the winter.S Coles (1973) Ranunculus bulbosus L in Europe. Watsonia 9: 207-228J Sarukhan (1974) Studies on plant demography: Ranunculus repens L., R. bulbosus L. and R. acris L.: II. Reproductive strategies and seed population dynamics.
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Encephalartos caffer, the Eastern Cape dwarf cycad, is a rare cycad from the genus Encephalartos. It typically has an underground stem, with a small portion on top, the stem is only very rarely branched and may be as much as 40 cm long. Emerging from the top are long, pinnate, dark green leaves up to long. These often have a distinctive ruffled, feathery appearance, caused by the numerous, clustered leaflets being irregularly twisted from the central stalk and pointing out in different directions.
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Like all ferns, Hymenophyllum neprhophyllum reproduces and disperses offspring through spores. It has tubular indusia (spore protecting structures) that stick out from the edge of the fronds. Stalks carrying sori, with sporangia that develop sequentially from base to apex, grow out of the indusia until at plant maturity they emerge and release their spores. Hymenophyllum nephrophyllum also spreads by vegetative reproduction, putting out far- creeping rhizomes (an underground stem that puts out adventitious shoots and roots) that form the distinctive mats of fronds on the forest floor.
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Nine graduating students, fresh from London Metropolitan University were chosen to perform William Shakespeare's Measure for Measure at the International Shakespeare festival in Gdańsk, Poland as part of the education program. the performance was directed by lecturers Gian Carlo Rossi and Lucy Richardson with vocal coach acek Ludwig Scarso. As was to become a staple factor in Metra's work, the development of the production drew heavily from the ideas of philosopher Gilles Deleuze. Deleuze refers to ideas as being rhizome, meaning a thick underground stem or root system.
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It is an acaule plant, with an underground stem 30 cm long and 25 cm wide. Occasionally, a small portion of the stem may come out of the ground. The leaves, from eight to ten, are opaque and flat, 80–120 cm long and bluish or silvery green in color. The leaflets, 15–18 cm long, are arranged on the rachis in the opposite way at an angle of 150-180º and are covered with a thick, waxy layer which, when rubbed, releases a characteristic odor; the margins are whole and equipped with small denticles.
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Banana plants represent some of the largest herbaceous plants existing in the present, with some reaching up to in height. The large herb is composed of a modified underground stem (rhizome), a false trunk, a network of roots, and a large flower spike. The false trunk is an aggregation of the basal portion of leaf sheathes; it is not until the plant is ready to flower that a true stem grows up through the sheath and droops back down towards the ground.The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Banana.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
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Rhizanthella slateri is a leafless, sympodial herb with a branching, whitish, underground stem up to long and about in diameter with prominent overlapping bracts. The stem is often branched with up to four flowering heads. The heads are up to in diameter and have up to thirty tube-shaped, purplish flowers surrounded by whitish, triangular floral bracts up to long. The dorsal sepal is curved with a thread-like tip and has a broad base that forms a hood over the column and the lateral sepals, sometimes protruding above the floral bracts.
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Oxalis tuberosa is a perennial herbaceous plant that overwinters as underground stem tubers. These tubers are known as uqa in Quechua,Teofilo Laime Ajacopa, Diccionario Bilingüe Iskay simipi yuyayk'ancha, La Paz, 2007 (Quechua-Spanish dictionary) oca in Spanish, yam in New Zealand and a number of other alternative names. The plant was brought into cultivation in the central and southern Andes for its tubers, which are used as a root vegetable. The plant is not known in the wild, but populations of wild Oxalis species that bear smaller tubers are known from four areas of the central Andean region.
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Whether cane-like (with many joints) or spherical (with one or few joints), they are all produced from a long-lived creeping stem called a rhizome which may itself be climbing or pendulous. The pseudobulbs are relatively short lived (1–5 years), but are continually produced from the growing tip of the rhizome and may persist for years after its last leaves senesce. The term pseudobulb is used to distinguish the above-ground storage organ from other storage organs derived from stems that were underground, namely corms or true bulbs, a combination of an underground stem and storage leaves. Strictly speaking, there is no clear distinction between the pseudobulb and corm structures.
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It is an acaule cycad, with an underground stem, up to 30 cm long and 25 cm in diameter. The leaves, from 2 to 5, pinnate, slightly arched, are 1–2 m long, supported by a thin petiole, 5–10 cm long; they are composed of numerous pairs of lanceolate, leathery leaflets, up to 30 cm long, with 1 spine on the upper margin and 1-3 spines on the lower one. It is a dioecious species, with male specimens showing 1 to 4 subcylindrical, pedunculated cones, 25–35 cm long and 6–8 cm broad, ranging from olive green to yellowish, and female specimens with 1-4 cylindrical cones, long 25–30 cm and 12–15 cm wide, the same color as the male ones. The seeds are roughly ovoid, 2.5-3.5 cm long, covered with a brown sarcotesta.
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A bowl of poi showing a typical consistency A traditional way of making poi: on a wooden pounding board (papa ku‘i ‘ai) with a carved basalt pestle (pōhaku ku‘i ‘ai) Poi is the primary traditional staple food in the native cuisine of Hawai`i, made from the underground stem (corm) of taro (). Traditional poi is produced by mashing the cooked corm (taro root, either baked or steamed) on a papa ku‘i ‘ai, a wooden pounding board, with a pōhaku ku‘i ‘ai, a carved basalt pestle. Modern methods use an industrial food processor to produce large quantities for retail distribution. Freshly pounded taro without the addition of water is called pa‘i ‘ai and is highly starchy and dough-like. Water is added to the pa‘i ‘ai during mashing, and again just before eating, to achieve the desired consistency, which can range from highly viscous to liquid.
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Along with birds, a host of insects are attracted to the flowerhead, such as bees, for example the Cape honeybee, and various beetle species such as rove beetles and the beetles of the huge family Scarabaeidae such as the protea beetle Trichostetha fascicularis and monkey beetles. Like many other Protea species, P. cynaroides is adapted to an environment in which bushfires are essential for reproduction and regeneration. Most Protea species can be placed in one of two broad groups according to their response to fire: reseeders are killed by fire, but fire also triggers the release of their canopy seed bank, thus promoting recruitment of the next generation; resprouters survive fire, resprouting from a lignotuber or, more rarely, epicormic buds protected by thick bark. P. cynaroides is a resprouter as it shoots up new stems from buds in its thick underground stem after a fire.
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It is a cycad with a largely underground stem, no more than 30 cm high and with a diameter of about 20 cm. [2] The leaves, pinnate, 40–60 cm long, are arranged in a crown at the apex of the stem and are supported by a short spiny petiole; each leaf is composed of numerous pairs of lanceolate leaflets, with whole or slightly toothed margins, on average 10-14 cm long, of glaucous green color, inserted on the rachis with an angle of 45-80 ° It is a dioecious species with male specimens showing 1-3 cones, cylinder-ovoid, 8–10 cm long and 3–4 cm broad, of bluish-green color and female specimens with solitary ovoid cones, 20–25 cm long and with diameter of 10–12 cm. The seeds are coarsely ovoid, 20–25 mm long, covered with an orange-red sarcotesta.
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It is a cycad with a more or less underground stem, up to 25 cm high and with a diameter of 20-30 cm, often with secondary stems originating from shoots that arise at the base of the main stem. The leaves, pinnate, erect, 80–120 cm long, are arranged in a crown at the apex of the stem and are supported by a 2 cm long petiole; each leaf is composed of 48-58 pairs of lanceolate leaflets, with a spiny green glaucous margin, inserted on the rachis at an angle of 70-75 °. It is a dioecious species with male specimens that have a single cone, 15–17 cm long and 4–4.5 cm wide, of greenish-yellow color, and female specimens also with a single cylindrical- ovoid cone, erect, long 29–32 cm and 12–15 cm in diameter, gray to greenish in color.
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It is an acaulic plant, with a partially underground stem, without branches, 15–40 cm tall and 20–30 cm in diameter; secondary stems can originate from shoots that arise at the base of the main stem. The pinnate leaves, arranged in a crown at the apex of the stem, up to 100 cm long, are composed of lanceolate leaflets, with margins equipped with small spines and arranged on the rachis at an angle of 50-100 °. It is a dioecious species, endowed with solitary male cones, fusiform, pedunculated, of apple green color, 18–30 cm long and with a diameter of 5–8 cm, with broad and rhombic microsporophylls, and female, ovoid cones, in solitary genus but rarely in pairs, 20–30 cm long and with a diameter of 15–20 cm, with macrosporophylls with a warty surface. The seeds have an ovoid shape, are 25–35 mm long, have a width of 15–20 mm and are covered with an apricot-colored sarcotesta.
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