190 Sentences With "flexuous" | Random Sentence Generator

SMV virion is non envelope, flexuous, filamentous of about 720-800 nm long and 12-15 nm in diameter.

The edge is sharp and thin. Inside it isquite smooth. The inner lip is slight, narrow, and even. The columella is flexuous.

The columella is flexuous. The body is yellowish white. The tentacles are short. The small eyes are on stalks which are united with the tentacles.

The growth lines are flexuous, especially in the first whorls. The color of the shell is a ruddy yellow. The interior is iridescent. Locard A. (1898).

The suture is deep and oblique. The outer lip is flexuous, retreating, sinuated above. It is smooth within. The columellar tooth shows only a slight obscure fold.

The walls of the narrow umbilicus are flexuous and yellow. The aperture is squarish. The little columella is concave, not toothed. The margin is thin and simple.

The oblique suture is narrow. The outer lip is flexuous, and deeply sinuous above. The columellar tooth is obsolete. The insignicant umbilicus is developed in the adult only.

The aperture is rather narrow. The outer lip is sharp and flexuous. The anal sulcus is wide and shallow, halfway between the suture and the periphery. The columellar lip is smooth.

A little bundle. Flagellate. Animals with a flagellum or lash. Flexuous. Formed in a series of curves or turnings, as the columella in some shells. Flocculent. Clinging together in bunches. Fluviatile.

The membranaceous, oblong to lanceolate lemmas are long, with slender, flexuous awns long. Paleas have inflexed sides that meet in the middle, measuring long. Lodicules are toothed and lack trichomes. Anthers are long.

The diameter of the shell is 3.1 mm. The shell is rimate, opaque, and rather glossy. It shows remote, flexuous growth striae. The sharp peristome is simple and is interrupted by the parietal wall.

Potyvirus virions of HVY consist of flexuous particles with a length of 721 nm. The infectivity dilution endpoint of HVY is 10−4 and the thermal inactivation point is between 55 and 60 C.

Rhynchospora inexpansa is a tufted perennial, with flexuous stems that droop at the tip. The cespitose plant reaches in height. The arching and drooping culms are slender and ribbed. The leaves exceed the culms.

Viruses in Betaflexiviridae are non-enveloped, with flexuous and Filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 12-13 nm. Genomes are linear, around 6.5-9kb in length. The genome codes for 2 to 6 proteins.

Viruses in Alphaflexiviridae are non- enveloped, with flexuous and Filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 12-13 nm. Genomes are linear, around 5.4-9kb in length. The genome codes for 1 to 6 proteins.

The shell size varies between 5 mm and 13 mm. The shell has nine whorls. Each whorl contains nine ribs, narrow, flexuous, with wider interspaces, spirally slightly and finely striate. The narrow aperture is long.

The size of the shell varies between 4 mm and 9 mm. The imperforate, rather thin shell has a conical shape. It is olivaceous with nacreous reflections. It is ornamented with flexuous longitudinal grayish streaks.

The 4 to 5 whorls are moderately convex. They are obliquely striate and spirally sulcate. The body whorl is ample, rounded, obsoletely angulated above and marginated at the suture. It is white, with radiating flexuous red lines.

The periphery is rounded. The nucleus is minute, apparently dextral. The spire contain seven or more whorls. The umbilicus is deep and narrow, with flexuous walls excavated near the carina, which is marginated with an opaque white band.

The posterior angle is obtuse. The outer lip is thin. The inner lip is flexuous, slightly reflected, and provided with a moderately strong fold a little anterior to its insertion. The parietal wall is glazed with a thin callus.

The whole surface is further roughened by microscopic flexuous wrinklings. The color of the shell is yellowish white on the thin calcareous layer overlying the nacre. The high spire is a little scalar. The apex is small and sharp.

The hymenium measures 234–468 µm, including a subhymenium of 58–117 µm. The long, cylindrical asci measure 234–429 by 9.5–11 µm thick, and have narrow, flexuous, forked bases. Spores are 16–21 by 8–10.5 µm.

Allium meronense is a plant species found in Israel and Lebanon. Bulbs are egg-shaped, up to 30 mm long. Scape is flexuous or ascendant, up to 25 cm long. Leaves are narrowly lanceolate, up to 30 cm long.

The aperture is ovate. The color of the shell is white, variously painted with pink lines and blotches. These lines are fine, oblique, and extend over a portion of the whorls. They are sometimes flexuous and cover the whole surface.

Streptomyces luridiscabiei is a streptomycete bacterium species known to cause potato common scab disease in Korea. Its type strain is S63T (=LMG 21390T =KACC 20252T). It has yellow-white, smooth, cylindrical spores that are borne in monoverticillus flexuous spore-chains.

Streptomyces puniciscabiei is a streptomycete bacterium species known to cause potato common scab disease in Korea. Its type strain is S77T (=LMG 21391T =KACC 20253T). It has purple-red, spiny spores that are borne in simple rectus flexuous spore-chains.

Streptomyces niveiscabiei is a streptomycete bacterium species known to cause potato common scab disease in Korea. Its type strain is S78T (=LMG 21392T =KACC 20254T). It has white, smooth, cylindrical spores that are borne in simple rectus flexuous spore-chains.

The shell contains nine whorls, somewhat convex, narrowly obtusely shoulders. The ribs are strong, flexuous, with a sigmoid curve at the shoulder. They are crossed by coarse spiral cinguli. The color of the shell is white, stained rosy or light chestnut, or yellowish.

Actinopolyspora righensis is a halophilic actinomycete first isolated from Saharan soil in Algeria. Its aerial mycelium produce long, straight or flexuous spore chains with non-motile, smooth-surfaced and rod-shaped spores. Its type strain is H23T (=DSM 45501T = CCUG 63368T = MTCC 11562T).

Allium israeliticum is a species of onion native to Israel, Palestine and Jordan. Bulbs are egg-shaped, up to 30 mm long. Scape is flexuous, up to 40 cm long. Leaves are thick, recurved, up to 30 cm long, tapering toward the tip.

Odostomia acuta var. attenuata The shell is rather solid, but semitransparent and lustrous, with microscopic close spiral striae, and still more minute, flexuous, crowded growthlines. The shell is whitish with a tinge of flesh-color. There are six whorls besides the embryonic ones.

The siphonal canal is short, wide and nearly straight. The outer lip is flexuous, slightly incurved, with a sharp edg. The labial notch is shallow and indistinct, placed near the top of the body whorl. The inner lip is broad, somewhat excavated and polished.

The shell contains probably 10 whorls with seven whorls remaining. These are convex, slowly and regularly increasing. They contain oblique and flexuous ribs (with their upper part and lower part fading away) and strong and close spiral lirae. The body whorl is somewhat swollen.

The shell is scarcely shouldered, with about twelve short flexuous longitudinal ribs and no spiral sculpture. The shell is white or pale yellow, often with darker brownish yellow ribs. The shell grows to a length of 7 mm.George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol.

The outer lip is thin, flexuous, sometimes a feeble thickening behind it. The whorls are usually rounded but sometimes there is a slight shoulder in front of the fasciole. The columella is short and attenuated in front. The siphonal canal is short and wide.

The size of the shell varies between 10 mm and 20 mm. The ovate, oblong shell is smooth, shining, and of a reddish or whitish yellow. It is ornamented with small longitudinal lines, waved, vermiculated or flexuous, of a chestnut color. The epidermis is greenish.

The shell of the species in this genus is narrowly bucciniform and turriculated. The protoconch is somewhat conical, containing 2 whorls. The whorls are somewhat flattened, longitudinally ribbed with long, flexuous ribs, and have a thick epidermis. The ribs lack subsutural or peripheral processes.

The length of the shell varies between 1.2 mm and 4 mm. Odostomia paardekooperi van Aartsen, Gittenberger & Goud, 1998 is very similar but Odostomia turriculata has flexuous and opisthocline growthlines and similar but larger embryonic whorls .Aartsen et al . Pyramidellidae of the North Atlantic Ocean.

The longitudinal striae are flexuous at the base. The aperture is subcircular. The outer lip is dilated and reflexed in the middle.Adams, Arthur (1862), On some new species of Scissurellidae from the seas of China and Japan; Annals and Magazine of Natural History vol.

The globose-conoidal shell grows to a height of 3.5 mm. The conical spire has 3½ whorls that are a little convex. They are cancellated with radiating, subdistant lamellae, and show elevated transverse lines in the interstices. The lamellae are flexuous on the base.

On the base of the shell and on the siphonal canal these number about 10 more diminishing forward. The aperture is a little wider than the siphonal canal. The anal sulcus is shallow and rounded. The outer lip is thin, not inflected, protractively flexuous.

The length of the shell varies between 20 mm and 40 mm; maximum diameter 14 mm. The fusiform shell contains 10 slightly convex whorls. The shell is clothed with a smooth, thickish, olive epidermis. The shell is covered with very narrow spiral striae and incremental flexuous stripes.

The subsutural cord is somewhat impressed. The axial ribs are going from strong (numbering 18-25 per whorl) to almost obsolete. The periphery contains a row of small nodules produced by the anal sinus, terminating short, low, flexuous plicate ribs. The spiral striae are not very distinct.

The aperture is subovate. Its upper angle is moderately acute. The right margin is thin, slightly expanded, regularly flexuous, stronger so near the upper part. The columellar side is slightly arched, a little thickened near the base, with a thin layer of enamel on the body whorl.

The radiating sculpture consists of numerous, on the early whorls strong, slightly elevated oblique threads, extending clear across the whorls and reticulating the spirals. These radii grow fainter and finally on the body whorl nearly disappear;. On the base there are only faint flexuous incremental lines.

The shell is perforate, depressed, smooth, polished throughout, translucent, pale brownish tawny, not distinctly striated, but with microscopic longitudinal impressed lines, slightly flexuous and not close together. The spire is low, conoid. The suture is slightly impressed. The shell has 5.5 whorls, that are slightly convex above.

The outer lip is sharp, thin, strongly flexuous, produced below. The sinus is close to but not on the suture, not very deep or prominent. The siphonal canal is one-third as long as the aperture, straight, narrow. The columella is smooth, almost straight, without callus.

Similarly to other Potyviridae genera, Macluravirus is characterised by its flexuous filamentous particles, inclusion bodies in infected plant cells and a polyprotein genome strategy. Unlike the other genera it is transmitted by insects. It also has shorter particles (650-660 nm in length). The genomes are monopartite.

CarVY belongs to the Potyviridae family of viruses. Potyviruses are non-enveloped viruses that are symmetrically helical. These filamentous viruses are typically 720-850 nm long and 12-15 nm in diameter. Their flexuous virions can be easily identified in infected carrot leaf samples using electron microscopy.

The shell grows to a length of 25 mm. The pale yellow, fusiform shell is turreted and rather smooth. The whorls are flat, with flexuous longitudinal lines, slightly angulated round the upper part. The lower portion of the last whorl is contracted and has several regular, distant revolving ridges.

The shell grows to a length of 25 mm. The pale, yellow, fusiform shell is turreted and rather smooth. The whorls are flat, with flexuous longitudinal lines, slightly angulated round the upper part. The lower portion of the last whorl is contracted and with several regular, distant revolving ridges.

The aperture is rather narrow, less than half the length of the shell, exhibiting the same banded colours as the exterior. The outer lip is thickened within and exteriorly, thin at the extreme edge, smooth interiorly. The sinus is small at the suture. The columella is simple, obliquely flexuous.

The species are grey-green, grey to grey-black in colour. Its stem is branched and is in diameter. It is also flexuous, striate, puberulent, and is grey to grey-black or grey-green in colour. The leaves are of the same colour, are glabrous and are long.

Acacia blakelyi is a shrub or tree belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae. The dense glabrous shrub or tree typically grows to a height of . The branchlets are flexuous with caducous stipules. The green phyllodes are horizontally flattened with a linear to very narrowly elliptic shape.

Viruses are extremely small and can only be observed under an electron microscope. The structure of a virus is given by its coat of proteins, which surround the viral genome. Assembly of viral particles takes place spontaneously. Over 50% of known plant viruses are rod-shaped (flexuous or rigid).

The size of the shell varies between 10 mm and 35 mm. The very thick and solid imperforate shell is subperforate in the young. It has a globose-conic shape. It is dull grayish, densely marked all over with very numerous fine flexuous or zigzag braided purplish-black lines.

Allium daninianum is a species of onion found in Israel, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine and Jordan.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families It is a bulb-forming perennial with a long, flexuous scape. Umbel is lax, the pink flowers long-pedicelled and mostly drooping.Salvatore Brullo, Pietro Pavone & Cristina Salmeri. 1996.

The length of the shell attains 15 mm, its diameter 4⅓ mm. (Original description) The fusiform shell is whitish, faintly banded with light brown. It is spirally ridged and striated and marked with the flexuous lines of growth. This species is peculiar on account of the absence of longitudinal ribs.

The length of the shell attains 2.25 mm, its diameter 1.25 mm. (Original description) The minute, white, semi- transparent shell has an oval-elongated shape. Its spire is longer than the body whorl. It contains five whorls, narrowly shouldered, with flexuous plicae, about 16 on the body whorl, microscopically spirally striate.

Streptomyces turgidiscabies is a streptomycete bacterium species, causing scab in potatoes. It has flexuous spore, the latter which are cylindrical and smooth. The type strain is SY9113T (= ATCC 700248T = IFO 16080T). It is almost identical to Streptomyces reticuliscabiei, however they are considered distinct species given the diseases they cause are different.

The venation is characteristically flexuous to loosely anastomosed, and rather different from the more regularly anastomosed venation of the true gigantopterids (with which the Emplctopteridaceae fronds used to be confused). The stratigraphically older leaves tended to be twice pinnate (Emplectopteris), the later leaves once pinnate or entire (Gigantonoclea).Asama, K. 1962.

The height of the shell attains 19 mm, its diameter 21 mm. The thick shell has a very deep umbilicus, nearly reaching to the apex. It is a little shining, yellowish, with elongated flexuous unequal brownish- green spots and dots of the same color. The acute spire is little elevated.

The length of the shell attains 18 mm. The reddish brown shell shows a white narrow band on the periphery, and, on the body whorl, a second inferior band. It contains 12½ whorls, with obsolete flexuous longitudinal plications, crossed by revolving lines. These are nodulous at the periphery, and less distinctly so inferiorly.

They contain oblique, slender ribs and delicate, flexuous spiral lirae with increasing strength. The body whorl is slightly inflated and narrow at its top. The aperture is white within and measures about half the length of the shell. The thin outer lip shows a wide, but not deep sinus at its top.

The size of an adult shell varies between 43 mm and 80 mm. The solid shell is narrow, with a concavely elevated spire and a sharp apex. The body whorl is distantly grooved towards the base. The shell has a flesh color, everywhere veined and clouded with reddish chestnut flexuous lines and spots.

The height of the shell attains 19 mm, its diameter 22 mm. The thick, false- umbilicate shell has a conoid shape with an acute apex. It contains eight whorls, the first yellowish, the following planulate, greenish, ornamented with flexuous brown lines. They are separated by a slightly impressed suture and spirally cingulate.

These are flexuous, low, numerous, and form, at their enlarged base. continuous concentric arcs . Small, decurrent, regular, numerous lirae, traverse the whorls and surmount the ribs and undulate in their interstices over the entire surface. The shell contains 6 to 7 (?) whorls (the fractured top in the received specimen shows only 5½ whorls).

The size of the shell varies between 7 mm and 9 mm. The rather thick, deeply umbilicate shell has an orbicular-depressed shape. The 5 to 5½ whorls are separated by profound sutures. The shells are whitish, conspicuously ornamented with flexuous rosy-brownish lines, and remote spots at the suture and periphery.

The ligule has a fringe of hairs. The flexuous, filiform leaf-blades can have a smooth or scaberulous surface with a length of and a width of . It blooms between February and June producing brown coloured flowers. Each compound inflorescence has en elliptic shaped panicle with a length of and a width of .

The length of the shell attains 13.5 mm, its diameter 5 mm. (Original description) The shell is polished, waxy white and contains seven or eight whorls. The white, protoconch is disproportionately large, smooth at first, shining, very obtuse. The second whorl shows about fifteen rather sharp transverse ridges parallel with the axis, and not flexuous.

The size of an adult shell varies between 22 mm and 58 mm. The shell is ovately conical and rather solid. The spire is broadly channeled and at the base distantly grooved. The color of the shell is white, with rust-brown flexuous longitudinal flames, and a white central band, with revolving row of spots.

The shell up to 15 mm high with rather high spire and a rounded body whorl. The protoconch is small, distinctly cyrtoconoid with 2.5 smooth whorls. The teleoconch contains 6-7 convex whorls, with a sculpture of regular spiral cords, broader than the interspaces. Its axial folds become distinctly flexuous on the body whorl.

The shell is up to 20 mm high, solid, with 5-6 moderately convex whorls and a conical spire. The last whorl is about 70% of total height. Protoconch of one smooth, mucronate whorl. Teleoconch is with a variably developed sculpture consisting of spiral cords and threads, and slightly flexuous or straight axial folds.

The spikelets themselves are made out of 2–3 fertile florets are oblong and are long. Fertile spikelets are pediceled, the pedicels of which are ciliate, flexuous, hairy and are long. Florets are diminished at the apex. Its lemma have scabrous surface and emarginated apex with fertile lemma being coriaceous, keelless, oblong, and long.

The size of the shell varies between 8 mm and 15 mm. The solid, umbilicate shell has a conical shape. Its color is a dull, lusterless yellowish white or pinkish, with flexuous radiating cinereous or violaceous stripes below the suture. tTe entire surface is finely mottled and dotted with yellowish or violaceous and white.

P. japonicum has a stout umbellifer of 30–100 cm and is essentially glabrous. The stem is frequently flexuous. The leaf blade is broadly ovate-triangular. It size is 35 x 25 cm. It is thinly coriaceous, bearing 1-2 ternate(s). leaflets are ovate-orbicular, 3-parted, 7–9 cm broad and glaucous.

The stipe is (2)5–9(13) cm long and (5)8–10(12) mm thick. It is equal or enlarging slightly at the base, and is somewhat flexuous, hollow, and subpruinose to floccose. The stipe is whitish to reddish brown or blackish and readily bruises blue. Rhizomorphs are sometimes attached to the base.

The stipe is 3–26 cm long, and 0.5–1 cm thick. It is central, flexuous, cylindric or slightly flattened, and hollow. It can be white to grey, turning yellowish, blue, and black in age. The entire stem is covered with many white scales which are more pronounced in the lower part of the stipe.

It is a small branched, palm-like dioecious tree with a flexuous trunk supported by brace roots. The tree can grow to a height of 4 meters. Leaves grow in clusters at the branch tips, with rosettes of sword- shaped, stiff (leather-like) and spiny bluish-green, fragrant leaves. Leaves are glaucous, 40–70 cm. long.

The aperture is elongate, reflecting the sculpture, but without lirae. The outer lip is very flexuous, with a broad, rather shallow anal sulcus behind, and is arched forward in front of the peripheral rib. The body is white, not callous. The columella is thin, attenuated, and obliquely truncate in front, concave, twisted, exhibiting a pervious axis.

The base of the body whorl is adorned with fine spiral threads, close together upon the beak. The whole sculpture is crossed by very fine, strongly flexuous, and oblique growth lines. The spire is high, conic, somewhat less than twice the height of the aperture. The protoconch consists of 2 whorls, which are microscopically spirally striate.

Its length (including the siphonal canal) is two-fifths of the shel. The siphonal canal is rather broad, inclining a little (but not abruptly) to the left, and ending in a slight and obliquely curved notch. The outer lip is flexuous, retreating at the upper part, but without exhibiting any fissure or notch . It folds inwards rather than outwards.

The fasciole on the beak is finely striated. Sometimes the spiral sculpture is predominant, the spirals becoming much stronger, crossed only by flexuous axial strife. The colour of the shell is light flavescent with a white band encircling the whorls, but mostly inconspicuous. The spire is high, conic, turreted, about 1½ times the height of the aperture.

The species is a shrub or shrublet that grows up to half a meter tall. It has many branches that are divergent-ascending and flexuous. The stems are 4-lined and their cortex is reddish, and the bark is slightly ribbed. The leaves are opposite and free, and are all sessile; their petioles are up to 4 millimeters long.

The height of the shell varies between 10 mm and 15 mm. The solid, imperforate shell has a conical shape. It is shining, fawn-colored or light yellowish- olive, with numerous narrow oblique flexuous reddish longitudinal lines. The upper whorls of the spire are more or less marked with white and pink or olive spots arranged spirally.

In cross section, the leaf blades are wide and thick, with three large veins and one to five ribs. The basal offshoots are erect, arising from the tops of the pale brown sheaths. The lax, subsecund, flexuous panicle is long. The panicle has two unequal and strongly reflexed branches at the lower node, with branches long bearing minute trichomes.

The fasciole in front of it is flattish and sloping. The sculpture varies in strength in different individuals; usually stronger on the earlier whorls. The axial sculpture consists of numerous protractively oblique narrow ribs with subequal interspaces, flexuous but not prominent (as a rule) on the fasciole and absent from the base. The incremental lines are inconspicuous.

The length of the shell reaches 29 mm. (Original description) The long, narrow shell has a , biconically fusiform shape, sharply carinated and tubercled on the keel, polished, thin, white. Sculpture. Longitudinals—there are very many, fine, close-set, slightly raised flexuous lines of growth. Spirals—there is a sharp keel which lies about down the whorls.

This is unclear. As the U.S. has no explicit constitutional guarantee on the secrecy of correspondence, any protection on communications is an extension by litigation of the privacy provided to "houses and papers." This again is dependent on the flexuous requirement of a reasonable expectation of privacy. The most relevant U.S. Supreme Court case is Smith v. Maryland.

The stipe is central, equal, flexuous, and cylindric; it is 3–12 cm long and 3–7 mm thick. It is reddish brown fading to grey-yellow and finally dark, ornamented with a floccose mycelium, especially with the bottom half. The upper part of the stipe bruises blue-green. The partial veil is white and arachnoid, disappearing in age.

The teleoconch shows strong, opisthocline, slightly flexuous axial ribs (ca. 14 on the penultimate whorl), equivalent in size to the interspaces; and a complex spiral microsculpture of longitudinal slots which are offset along the growth lines. The outer lip is opisthocline, strongly thickened externally, inside smooth, with a sharp edge. The inner lip is slightly thickened and appressed.

The length of the shell varies between 15 mm and 24 mm. The shell is dark chocolate, covered by rows of lighter colored granulations, caused by the decussation of small flexuous rather numerous longitudinal ribs and elevated revolving lines. The aperture is light chocolate.G.W. Tryon (1884) Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species, vol.

The size of an adult shell varies between 15 mm and 30 mm. The elongate, ovate-fusiform shell has a buff color. It differs from Typhlodaphne purissima (Strebel, 1908) by being slender, having a smaller protoconch (1½ whorls) and showing flexuous, closely spaced, subobsolete axials (numbering 18 to 24) over the 5 whorls of the teleoconch. The shoulder is slightly concave.

The riblets are oblique below, and flexuous in the concavity. The spiral lirae are more conspicuous around the lower part of the body whorl than elsewhere, and altogether absent in the concavity below the sutural line.Smith, E. A. (1891b) Descriptions of new species of shells from the ‛Challenger’ expedition. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1891, 436–445, pls. 34–35.

The outer lip is thick, but not varicose, nor dentate within, flexuous, with a well-marked posterior anal sinus near (but not reaching) the suture, and an anterior constriction or sinuosity. The siphonal canal is short, curved and usually narrow. Some species show an interrupted pink banding. The animal has tentacles approaching at their bases and eyes near their extremities.

The delicate lirae number about 12 on the penultimate whorl. The body whorl is dilated, biangular, ornamented with transverse white and reddish- violet interrupted lines, like flexuous rays. At the suture and periphery, there are zones formed of violet-brown spots alternating with white or yellowish ones. The base of the shell is convex, with 15 to 16 concentric lirae.

Papaya mosaic virus (PapMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potexvirus and the family Alphaflexiviridae. PapMV is a filamentous, flexuous rod, 530 nm in length. The virus is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein. The genome has been completely sequenced and is 6656 nucleotides long.

The growth lines are directed at right angles to the growth direction of the cone, but become flexuous or sinuous on the lower whorls. The base of the body whorl is well rounded. The sutures are well impressed. The narrowly oval aperture is rather large and occupies about ⅓ of the total length, and is somewhat effuse anteriorly The posterior angle is obtuse.

The surface is everywhere crossed by conspicuous, flexuous lines of growth. The protoconch is rather large, composed of 2½ regularly coiled, nearly smooth, somewhat shining whorls, the second having a row of minute nodules or beads on the periphery. The aperture lis ong, narrow, of nearly uniform width. The outer lip is thin, nearly straight, broadly rounded anteriorly, with a decided sinus just below the suture.

The subsequent whorls show about ten axial riblets, slightly flexuous near the suture and becoming obsolete anteriorly. The peripheral part of the body whorl is smooth or destitute of spiral sculpture, which on the base and the siphonal canal is well developed and consists of fine striation. The notch is short, subcircular, leaving no fasciole. The outer lip is slightly thickened, not lirate within.

VI p. 312; 1884 (treated as Daphnella carpenteri) (Original description) The rather small, pale brownish shell is solid and slender. Its surface is glossy. The shell contains 8 whorls, somewhat convex, crossed by about twelve strong, elevated, flexuous, smooth, rounded longitudinal ribs, which extend entirely across the upper whorls, and on the body whorl from the suture to the middle, below which the surface is smooth.

On the body whorl they are obsolete on the base. Their number is about 14 on a whorl. The whole surface, and especially the interstices, are very distinctly striated by fine flexuous growth lines, crescent-shaped on the smooth depression of the shoulder. The microscopic spiral lines are sometimes visible on the shoulder, and, a little stouter, upon the lower part of the base.

White clover mosaic virus (WClMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potexvirus and the family Alphaflexiviridae. WClMV is a filamentous, flexuous rod, 480 nm in length and 13 nm wide. The virus is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made from a single viral encoded protein. The genome has been completely sequenced and is 5845 nucleotides long.

These are oblique, flexuous, shallow, rounded, thin. Their intersections are wider on the upper whorls, closer on the penultimate and the body whorl. The many high spiral lirae are a little more slender than the ribs. When crossing the ribs, the produce a very fine granulation, forming an elegant reticulation, whose mesh is wider than higher and their interstices crisscross by very subtle growth streaks.

Virus Taxonomy: Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic. lists over 90 mycovirus species covering 10 viral families, of which 20% were not assigned to a genus or sometimes not even to a family. Isometric forms predominate mycoviral morphologies in comparison to rigid rods, flexuous rods, club-shaped particles, enveloped bacilliform particles, and Herpesvirus-like viruses.

The surface of the conidia is often granulose and the hilum is inconspicuous. Conidia are produced from the apex of an unbranched conidiophore. Generally, the conidiophore arises singly or in small groups which are straight or flexuous, mid to dark brown, smooth, septate, cylindrical, and up to 250 μm long, 5-8 μm thick.Nelson, R.R., A major gene locus for compatibility in Cochliobolus heterostrophus Phytopathology 1957.

Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae. As with other members of this virus family, PeMoV is a flexuous filamentous virus with particles 740-750 nm long. It is transmitted by several species of aphids and by mechanical inoculation. It was first given its name in 1965 when it was isolated from peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) in Georgia, USA.

There are many not close-set, flexuous, longitudinal ribs above the periphery, but on the base merely lines of growth. These ribs in crossing the upper carina form small sharp-pointed tubercles, of which there is also a trace on the lower carina. The superior sinus lies just above the upper carina, the basal sinus toward the middle of the base. Both are well marked.

It contains seven whorls, including a smooth helicoid tip. The radials are wide spaced, prominent, flexuous, perpendicular, and continuous ribs, which diminish at the shoulder and gradually vanish on the base. On the antepenultimate whorl there are ten, and on the body whorl eight, including the varix. The spirals are extremely fine and close threads, evenly distributed over the whole surface, and microscopically beaded.

The length of the shell varies between 8 mm and 16 mm. (Original description) The high, narrow shell has a biconical shape. It is fragile, translucent white, glossy, feebly ribbed and spiralled, with a stumpy subscalar spire, ending in a large, conical, sculptured, sharp- tipped dome, and with a small body whorl, contracted base, and produced snout. Sculpture: Longitudinals—there are on the body whorl about 20 flexuous oblique threads.

The decurrent striae are somewhat thin, regular, spaced, continuous, very attenuated at the top of the whorls, scarcely more marked at the base of the body whorl along the siphonal canal. The striations are strong, irregular, very wavy-flexuous. They form in the concave region of the whorls small corrugated folds, very close together. They blend in the body whorl, with the prolongation of the nodules of the keel.

The size of an adult shell varies between 15 mm and 40 mm. This species is easily recognized by the short subnodulous ribs, which occupy scarcely the lower half of the whorls, the depression round the middle and the raised band above, and the manner of coloration, the purplish-brown maculations being somewhat flexuous in the depression. Its nearest relation is Clionella semicostata (Kiener, 1840).Smith, E.A. (1877).

It is covered with numerous, rather conspicuous, thin, raised riblets, which are strongly excurved in the middle and bend forward before reaching the suture. Two or sometimes three cinguli exist on the subsutural band. The uppermost of these is just below the suture and forms there a small carina, above which the suture is distinctly channeled. The surface between the ribs is everywhere covered by fine, distinct, flexuous lines of growth.

Two specimens turned up, which differ from the type by the predominating spiral sculpture and very feeble axial plications. Typically there are delicate spiral threads, but in our specimens there are distinct chords present, which are crossed by flexuous longitudinal striæ. Only the upper whorls are distinctly decussate. The protoconch, consisting of two smooth whorls, is much larger than in fossil specimens from Petane, more bulbose, and with an oblique nucleus.

On the upper whorls the spirals are feeble and without tubercles, which only appear distinctly on the fourth whorl. Longitudinals: The flexuous lines of growth are very faint. The colour of the shell is porcellanous when young and fresh, but weathering to a chalky white, with a pearly nacre below the thin surface and within the mouth, especially at the outer upper corner. The high spire is conical and scalar.

Plants of the genus Calligonum are shrubs, diffusely but irregularly branched, with flexuous woody branches. Leaves are simple, opposite, nearly sessile, linear or scale-like, sometimes absent or very small, linear or filiform, distinct or united with short membranous ochreae. Flowers are bisexual, solitary or in loose axillary inflorescences. Flowers have persistent, 5-parted perianths not accrescent in fruit, and 10-18 stamens with filaments connate at the base.

It was not until the 1960s that TBV was shown to have flexuous filamentous particles (mostly measuring about 12×750 nm) and finally proved to be a virus. The genetic code of TBV has now been partially sequenced and the virus is recognized as a member of the genus Potyvirus (family Potyviridae). Like other members of the genus it is now readily detected and identified by serological, molecular and optical techniques.

The gills are adnate in attachment to the stem, or may be notched at the point of attachment (sinuate). They are narrow, and brownish violet to dark violet, with whitish edges. The stem is tall by 1–3 mm thick, subequal, flexuous, and hollow. The color of the stem is reddish-brown or brownish; it is densely covered with silk-like fibers, and tufts of soft woolly hairs.

The virus can also be spread through the seed or mechanically by leaf rubbing of Johnson grass and sorghum. MDMV in the field is not typically transmitted by seed or mechanically, it is more prevalent in greenhouses. Depending on the hybrid, most maize plants will show higher rates of disease when infected earlier in the growing stage. The pathogen itself is a flexuous, rod-shaped virus measuring 12 x 750 nm.

The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are four-spored, hyaline (translucent), and measure 14–22 by 8–10 μm. The cheilocystidia (cystidia on the gill face) measure 16–22 by 4–9 μm, and are lageniform (flask-shaped) with flexuous thin necks that are 2.2–3 μm thick, and infrequently have irregular branches. There are no pleurocystidia (cystidia on the gill face). Clamp connections are present in the hyphae.

Apios carnea is a vine in the Fabaceae family found in Asia in a narrow band from the Himalayas of Nepal across Bhutan, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, Laos, and Vietnam. Petioles are 5–8 cm long; compound leave typically have 5 leaflets. The flowers are found in long peduncled flexuous secund racemes 15–23 cm long. The reddish, flesh-colored flowers are showy and have potential as an ornamental.

Close-up on a flower of Dianthus monspessulanus Dianthus monspessulanus is a hemicryptophyte scapose plant reaching on average of height. The stem is green, erect, glabrous and branched on the top, the leaves are opposite, simple, linear and sessile, more or less erect and flexuous, with a sheath embracing the stem. They are about wide and about long. The calyx is a green cylindrical tube about long, with reddish teeth.

There are about six ribs on a whorl, oblique, subnodose at the middle, attenuating at both extremities and not reaching to the upper suture. The transverse striae are rather coarse, minutely decussated by the flexuous lines of growth. The body whorl shows a third brown zone below the middle. The aperture is whitish within, ornamented with the three exterior bands, occupying about four elevenths of the entire length of the shell.

Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is a pathogenic plant virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae which primarily infects the papaya tree. The virus is a non-enveloped, flexuous rod-shaped particle that is between 760-800 nm long and 12 nm in diameter. It is transmitted between plants by mechanical activities like pruning and by numerous aphid species such as Myzus persicae. No seed transmission has been detected.

The consequent whorls protrude slightly, angular in the middle and slightly concave below. The ribs (13 in the penultimate whorls but becoming obsolete towards the base) in this species are flexuous and very oblique and continuous up the spire. But whether this latter be a constant character the author cannot say, as but a single example is at hand. The obtuse angulation of the body whorl at the periphery gives it a squarish aspect.

The anal sulcus is wide and shallow, the fasciole not excavated, inconspicuous. The axial sculpture consists of protractively flexuous incremental lines, stronger near the apex, and in some cases feeble narrow ribs are developed on the earlier whorls, with wider interspaces. The spiral sculpture consists of very fine threads, equal and with subequal interspaces, though a little coarser on the well-rounded base. The aperture is slightly wider than the siphonal canal.

There are abundant cheilocystidia (cystidia found on the edge of gills), with contents ranging in color from dingy yellow to hyaline in KOH. They measure 32–50 by 3-6 µm, and may be shaped somewhat like a spindle (tapered on each end) or a cylinder, or they may be flexuous (winding from side to side). The pleurocystidia (cystidia found on the gill face) are filamentous, 2.5–5 µm in diameter, and rare to scattered.

The roots were used to make syrup of ipecac, a powerful emetic. Ipecacuanha is a slow-growing plant, which reduces its commercial appeal as a crop plant. It is seldom cultivated in South America but it has been cultivated in India and elsewhere. The root of ipecacuanha has been used in preparation of the medicament, the syrup, is simple or divided into a few branches, flexuous, and composed of rings of various size.

Extensins are a family of flexuous, rodlike, hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) of the plant cell wall,Lamport, D.T.A. (1965) Advances in Botanical Research 2:151-218 The protein component of primary cell walls discovered by Derek T.A. Lamport at the University of Cambridge.Lamport,D.T.A.; Northcote,D.H. (1960) Nature 188:665-666 Hydroxyproline in primary cell walls of higher plants They are highly abundant proteins. There are around 20 extensins in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Carex flexuosa, commonly called flexuous white-edge sedge, or Rudge's white- edge sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. It is native to the eastern North America, where it is found in eastern Canada, the northeastern and midwestern United States, and southward in the Appalachian Mountains. Its natural habitat is in upland forests, rock outcrops, and Appalachian balds. It is typically found in areas with acidic soil.

The suture is distinct and hardly appressed. The anal fasciole is nearly smooth and hardly concave. The axial sculpture consists of (on the body whorl about 16, exclusive of the varix) narrow, small, very flexuous ribs, sometimes a little angular in front of the fasciole, with equal or narrower interspaces obsolete on the base. The spiral sculpture consists of (between the sutures 3) fine conspicuous threads with wider interspaces, overriding the ribs.

The forewings are dull fulvous with a lilac tinge. The lower arm of the discocellular is marked with white scales. There is a deeper fulvous diffuse shade from the costa just before the middle, transversing the discocellular, and very obscurely curved towards the base of the inner margin. There is a deeper fulvous slightly flexuous line, edged externally with pale yellowish from just beyond the middle of the inner margin into the apex.

The fasciole in front of it flattish, the anterior margin of the fasciole forming a more or less angular shoulder to the whorl. The axial sculpture consists of very fine incremental lines and at and near the shoulder of feeble fine flexuous wrinkles, stronger on the spire. The spiral sculpture consists of very fine close striae over the whole surface except a few threads on the siphonal canal. The body whorl equals about two- thirds the whole length.

Bog pool in Rubina Bog In the southern part of the county, there is a large sandy area with big forests, moorlands and bogs. In the middle part of the county the valley of the River Väike-Emajõgi runs from north to south. It is continued by Valga Basin with mainly flexuous moraine landscape, cut through by low valleys or basin valleys. The most noticeable is the valley of the River Väike-Emajõgi where Pedeli Valley flows into.

The mycelium is abundant and persistent or sometimes inconspicuous, and occurs on either side or both sides of the infected leaves. The perithecia are abundant, scattered or somewhat aggregated, small, usually about 75 µm long, but varying from 60–100 µm. The texture is soft, surface uneven, reticulations very large and irregular, 20-30 µm. The appendages are long, stout, usually colored throughout; but sometimes colorless, flexuous, somewhat uneven in width, and more or less interwoven with the mycelium.

The ten whorls of the teleoconch are moderately rounded. They are somewhat overhanging, the greatest convexity being on the lower third of the exposed portion of the whorls, traversed by 14 broad, coarse and strong, oblique, and somewhat flexuous axial ribs on the fourth and seventh whorl and 18 on the eighth. These ribs extend over the angulated periphery to the umbilical region, appearing fainter on the base. The deep intercostal grooves terminate at the periphery, i. e.

The axial sculpture consists of many protractively flexuous extremely fine lines with wider interspaces over all the whorls. The cemented edges at the suture by their opacity look like a presutural band, but this is not reflected in the sculpture. The spiral sculpture on the spire consists of almost microscopic close striae. On the base there are about a dozen fine spiral grooves between the edge of the umbilicus and the periphery, a little coarser near the carina.

The suture is distinct, appressed, with a smooth, hardly constricted fasciole in front of it. The axial sculpture consists chiefly of rather strong flexuous incremental lines and a few gradually obsolescent riblets on the earlier whorls. The spiral sculpture consists of (on the body whorl 18–20) fine prominent threads rising above the incremental lines, with wider interspaces, covering the whole whorl in front of the fasciole;. The aperture is ovate, measuring about⅓ the whole length.

CTV is a flexuous rod virus with dimensions of 2000 nm long and 12 nm in diameter.Bar-Joseph M, Che X, Mawassi M, Gowda S, Satyanarayana T, Ayllón M, Albiach-Martí M, Garnsey SM, Dawson WO. The Continuous Challenge of Citrus tristeza virus Molecular Research. Fifteenth IOCV Conference, 2002- Citrus Tristeza Virus. The CTV genome is typically between 19.2 and 19.3 kb long and consists of a single strand of (+)-sense RNA enclosed by two types of capsid proteins.

The sculpture consistis of (on the body whorl) 23 stout, uniform, slightly flexuous rounded ribs extending from the suture to the siphonal canal with slightly narrower interspaces. The lines of increase are distinct, sometimes threadlike. These a re crossed by numerous close-set spiral threads, separated by narrow grooves, both faint near the suture. The threads grow stronger, regularly wider, and coarser gradually toward the siphonal canal, near which they are stronger than the obsolete ends of the transverse ribs.

The length of the shell varies between 20 mm and 35 mm. The shell has a high conical spire and a globose body whorl. The protoconch is cyrtoconoid (almost with the shape of a cone, but having convex sides) with about 3 whorls. The teleoconch contains 7–8 convex whorls, with a sculpture of fine, regular spiral cords, broader than the interspaces, and with flexuous axial folds, which are rather swollen beneath the suture and make it undulated and channelled.

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is a Potyvirus of the family Potyviridae that causes diseases in cruciferous plants, among others. The virus is usually spread by 40-50 species of aphids in a non-persistent manner. Infected plants, especially the natural hosts, show symptoms such as chlorotic local lesions, mosaic, mottling, puckering or rugosity. TuMV is a positive-sense single stranded RNA virus, consisting of a non-enveloped, helical capsid that is filamentous and flexuous, with an average length of 720 nm.

Genomic map of a typical member of the genus Potyvirus. Potyvirid virions are nonenveloped, flexuous filamentous, rod- shaped particles. The diameter is around 12–15 nm, with a length of 200–300 nm. Genomes are linear and usually nonsegmented, around 8–12kb in length, consisting of positive-sense RNA, which is surrounded by a protein coat made up of a single viral encoded protein called a capsid. All induce the formation of virus inclusion bodies called cylindrical inclusions (‘pinwheels’) in their hosts.

Above the periphery one can see two pink and one straw-colored large smooth and rounded spirals, one smaller smooth one, then three large and two intercalary smaller nodulous spirals separated from the suture by a narrow smooth space. The interspaces are brown, the elevations straw-colored. The early whorls have two or three smooth and one or two nodulous spirals, the former remain constant with growth, the latter increase in number. The radiating sculpture consists of flexuous incremental lines, hardly visible.

The leaf withers as the spots join together. Leaves then die and fall off [3]. In severe cases, only a few new leaves on the top of the plant are left [4]. More signs can be found under microscope [6]: Conidia can be taken from the black mats on lower leaf surface of infected leaves. These obclavate-cylindrical and slightly flexuous conidia have 4 to 9 septa, appearing as smooth, colourless to olivaceous brown, of size 35-155 × 4–4.5 μm.

Circular to rectangular whorl section; fine, low, straight or flexuous simple or branched ribs, periodically truncated by thin, high, enlarged ribs bearing lateral and ventrolateral tubercles; inner whorls tending to have depressed whorl section and to resemble Olcostephanus.Wright, C. W. with J.H. Callomon and M.K. Howarth (1996), Mollusca 4 Revised, Cretaceous Ammonoidea, vol. 4, in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L (Roger L. Kaesler et el. eds.), Boulder, Colorado: The Geological Society of America & Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press, p.48.

Besides these, there are very many fine hair-like flexuous lines of growth. Spirals —the shoulder below the suture (the sinus area) has a few faint regular scratchlike lines; on the ribbed area these are stronger. On the base the interstices become somewhat narrower and more convex, till on the aperture they rise into strongish threads, which at the very point again become weaker. The colour of the shell is a light tawny, paler on the aperture, and white on the columella.

Exiteloceras is an ammonite genus from the Late Cretaceous. Exiteloceras was proposed by Alpheus Hyatt in 1894 for heteromorph ammonites with shells that are loosely coiled in a plane, early whorls varying from straight limbs connected by semicircular elbows to elliptical or nearly circular loops, later whorls being elliptical to circular. The whorl section is ovate with the dorsum on the inside curve broader than the venter on the outside. The ribs may be straight or flexuous and mostly slant.

The radiating sculpture consists of fine close flexuous threads, which appear chiefly in the interspaces of the spirals, giving the surface a minutely punctate appearance. These extend over the whole surface except of the nuclear whorls. The spiral sculpture consists of on the summit seven or eight, between the carinae six or eight, and on the base ten or fifteen extremely fine threads. These are even and uniform, with about equal interspaces, some a little granular from the radiating sculpture.

The body whorl is more evenly convex and the shoulder is rounded and rather indistinct. The surface is covered with numerous rather fine, flexuous riblets, parallel with the lines of growth. These curve forward on the middle of the whorl below the shoulder, but are strongly excurved in crossing the subsutural band, and become thin and more prominent just below the suture, which is distinctly impressed. The surface is also covered with very numerous thin, revolving cinguli, which are separated by intervals of about the same width.

The length of the shell attains 42 mm, its diameter 15 mm. (Original description by E.A. Smith) The prominent row of tubercles around the middle of the whorls, the keel beneath the suture, and the broad sinus in the outer lip are the principal features of this species. The apex of the spire being broken away makes it impossible to state with certainty the exact number of whorls, but they would probably amount to eleven or twelve. The entire surface exhibits fine flexuous lines of growth.

Cercophora areolata produces perithecia, also known as ascomata, which are fruiting bodies with necks. The perithecia of C. areolata are described as ovoid to conical, aggregated, non-stromatic, ostiolate (have small pores for the discharge of spores), and they have cone- shaped, ridged necks. Perithecia may be glabrous, enveloped with flexuous, brown, septate thick hairs or with short, hyaline (colourless), cylindrical, septate hairs. The perithecia are also characterized as superficial, in which the perithecia appear along the stalk, similar to the phenotype of the Ophiocordyceps species.

The fruit bodies of Plectania fungi grow either in groups or scattered apart, with stems or without (sessile), and are large and fleshy. They are covered on the external surfaces with short, slender, flexuous (bendy) and often coiled or twisted hairs that sometimes give the exterior of the cup a tomentose appearance—covered with dense, matted hairs. The spore-bearing cells, the asci, range in shape from cylindrical to club-shaped, and they are eight-spored. The spores are perfectly spherical, smooth, and hyaline (translucent).

The base between is flat and rounded, marked by evanescent (partly brown) grooves and transversely by delicate flexuous slightly raised aggregations of the lines of growth at somewhat regular intervals. These slightly crenate the umbilical rib on its inner edge and perhaps form the pronounced, slightly backwardly flexed, striae and ridges which mark the umbilical walls. There is hardly any callus on the body wall at the aperture, which is broken in the specimens at hand. Its form has been made out from the lines of growth.

The stem is usually straight but sometimes slightly zig-zag, or flexuous (winding),John Darby (1841) with 1 -2 branches. At the top of the stem are several groups of flowers in later spring, between late March to May (in the US), and between June and July (in the UK). Each flower arises from an axil (or spathe), of a reduced leaf (except the top flower), and the single (or double) flowers open in succession. They have a slight fragrance which is similar to sandalwood.

Visual representation of Tatuidris pilosity patterns Four pilosity patterns (patterns of hair-like setae) are known to occur within Tatuidris collections. Pilosity pattern A consists of a mix of both long flexuous and short appressed setae. This is the most common pilosity pattern and the one that most resembles the type specimens from El Salvador and the gyne from Otongachi, Ecuador. Pilosity pattern B is characterized by very short, fully appressed, and regular spaced setae arrayed homogeneously and equidistantly on the head, mesosoma, petiole, postpetiole and gaster.

Infection with FMV results in distinct double-membrane bodies or particles, called DMBs or DMPs, 90-200 nm in diameter in the cytosol of infected parenchyma cells. These double membrane-bound bodies are surrounded by a fibril matrix and found only in leaves showing mosaic symptoms at a macro level, never in the uninfected tissue used as a control. Some cultivars have also shown long, flexuous, rod-shaped, virus-like particles (LFPs) in tissues showing signs of necrosis. These are also not seen in uninfected control tissues.

The subsequent whorls number about six or seven. They are similarly sculptured: axial sculpture consists of numerous low slender flexuous riblets with wider interspaces, extending from the suture to the periphery and become obsolete on the base of the shell. These are crossed (between the sutures) by from four to six spiral subequal threads, of which those on the periphery are somewhat more prominent, and all are slightly nodulous where they override the ribleis. On the base there are about 15 of these threads with somewhat wider interspaces.

The six remaining whorls are angular, separated by a conspicuous, waved suture, their upper part excavated. The sculpture consists of narrow axial ribs, 14 in the body whorl, oblique in the upper whorls, elegantly flexuous in last one and a row of oblique, short plicae, on a faint subsutural rib. The axial ribs end in rather sharp tubercles in their upper part at the limit of excavation. The ribs are crossed by narrow spiral lirae, 3 more conspicuous and some fainter ones on penultimate whorl, numerous, rather unequal ones on the body whorl.

On the back of the siphonal canal are two or three spiral threads, remainder of a shell without trace of spiral sculpture . The lines of growth are very flexuous, indicating a deep broad emargination near the suture. But the shell is so excessively thin and brittle that the author can find, among many specimens, none with a perfect aperture, but supposes from the growth lines that the outer lip was rounded out broadly, while the siphonal canal is very narrow. The columella is extremely thin, sharp and straight, making the aperture narrowly lunate.

The transverse sculpture consists of (about 11) slightly oblique somewhat flexuous ribs, obsolete below the periphery and upon the anal fasciole, the sharpest on the earlier whorls. The spiral sculpture consists of coarse, sometimes nearly obsolete threads, most obvious below the periphery. The shell contains 9 whorls (the nucleus lost in the specimen). The aperture is short, wide, with a deep wide notch leaving a wide fasciole, a callous lump above the notch on the body, and a rather strong whitish callus, externally brown-edged, on the columella.

Sculpture : there are about 45 longitudinals. These are hair-like, strongly sinuated, flexuous, for they advance markedly at the periphery, where they are each ornamented by an elongated curved tubercle, and on the base they again retreat so as to form a sinus. On the earlier whorls these longitudinals are much more distinct than on the later, and each starts from a little bead, which lie close to the suture, but these beads are very feeble on the body whorl. In the intervals of the longitudinals and parallel to them are very faint growth lines.

The sculpture of the shell shows a single, sharp keel round the periphery, showing at the base of the spire-whorls. The shell has a thread- like spiral rib below the rather deep suture of each whorl (varying in position), numerous but slight flexuous striae below the rib, and in some specimens minute close-set curved longitudinal striae on the upper whorls. The base is nearly smooth or marked only with microscopic lines of growth. The seven whorls of the short spire are compressed, slightly shouldered by the infrasutural rib.

In 1957 Professor Wilson was appointed Lecturer in Physics at Queen's College, Dundee, then at University of St Andrews, became a Senior Lecturer in 1964, and then Reader at the University of Dundee in 1973. In 1962 he was Visiting Research Associate at the Children's Cancer Research Foundation, Boston Mass. In 1983 he was appointed Professor of Physics at the University of Stirling (now Emeritus). His research at Dundee and Stirling has involved X-ray crystallographic studies of nucleic acid components and their analogues, and structural studies of flexuous viruses.

These hyphae are smooth, thin-walled, and 2.8–7 μm in diameter. The cap cuticle is a thin layer of smooth thin- walled hyphae that are more or less radially oriented, bent-over, cylindric and somewhat gelatinous, measuring 2–5 μm in diameter; they are occasionally diverticulate. The cuticle of the stem is made of a layer of parallel, vertically oriented smooth, thin-walled hyphae that are 2–4.2 μm in diameter, pale yellowish brown in alkali mounting solution. The stem has moderately thin-walled and smooth cystidia that are resemble flexuous or contorted cylinders.

It has a minute sinistral nucleus, and six and a half whorls. Its radiating sculpture consists of flexuous incremental lines, and fine wrinkles, which are more prominent toward the periphery on the body whorl and on the early whorls reticulate the spiral sculpture. On the body whorl these lines extend backward with moderate obliquity to the periphery, just above which is the fasciole caused by a well-marked but shallow rounded sulcus. On the base they make a deep rounded concave sweep backward, and then ascend toward the base of the columella.

A host species for Schiffnerula cannabis has yet to be named (McPartland and Hughes, 1994). However, a variety of signs are present with Schiffnerula cannabis. Respectively as black mildew are, flat, gray-black, and film like areas throughout the leaf, colonies of conidia on the surface of leaves, as well as ascomata and ascii are present on hosts as Schiffnerula cannabis runs its course (McPartland and Hughes, 1994). In addition, black mold colonies can be amphigenous and thin; the hyphae with a brown hue and flexuous like the pathogen Schiffnerula azadirachtae (Hosagoudar & Sabeena, 2011).

On the base there are about thirty spirals, more crowded, flattened, and irregular than above, and the edge of the umbilicus is defined by another whitish fillet, ornamented with about thirty oblong beads. One or two smaller and more faintly beaded threads lie within the edge of the umbilicus. Longitudinals: There are of these on the last whorl about 120. They are flexuous, marking the lines of growth, rather stronger, more regular and more distant than the spirals, which run over the top of them and form little white nodes at the crossings.

The width of the shell can reach up to 10 mm. In the largest specimen there are almost two teleoconch whorls that initially attach very high onto the protoconch, with the result that the larval shell seems to be embedded rather obliquely within the younger whorls. The diameter of the teleoconch increases rapidly, the result being a shell that strongly resembles Planorbarius (but, of course, dextral). The surface of these younger whorls bears flexuous growth lines, and a dense and very fine, somewhat irregular spiral striation, only visible where light reflects on the shell.

VI; Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences (Original description) The shell has a shortly fusiform shape and has a brownish horn-colour. The whorls are nearly flat, strongly keeled a little below the middle, and above at the suture, with one or two thread-like spiral lirae in the spaces between these two carinae and between the subcentral one and the suture below it. The lines of growth are moderately distinct, raised, flexuous, and more or less oblique. The nucleus (or the three apical whorls) is smooth, glassy, shining, convex.

The length of the shell attains 18 mm, its diameter 6 mm. The small fusiform shell contains 11 whorls (the superior ones are eroded), covered with a gray epidermis. The lines of growth are rather strong and very flexuous, and on passing the delicate spiral lirae, except in the concavity above the angle of the whorls and at the base of the body whorl, are delicately nodulous. The last volution below the nodose periphery has about fifteen lirae, of which about six of the upper ones are nodulous, the rest, around the anterior contracted portion, being simple and thread-like.

In 1500 most of the commercial activity slowly moved from Campo de' Fiori to Piazza Navona, that was the favorite place since it was wider. From 1574 to 1674, the appearance of Piazza Navona changed vastly, thanks to the work of Bernini, Borromini, and Bramante. From this period until Rome became capital of unified Italy in 1870 there were no major changes but the opening of Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, a great street having a flexuous track in order to avoid the already existing palaces. If a palace was jutting, its front was moved backwards to preserve it.

The subsequent whorls show spiral threads, set in pairs which frequently blend to make one flattened spiral thread, with wider interspaces between the threads. Two or three threads next the suture are stronger and wider apart than the others, the outer one strongest, giving the whorl a turreted appearance, and rising into little knobs on the transverse ridges. These ridges are rather sharp, sixteen to eighteen in number, fading away toward the siphonal canal in most but not all specimens, flexuous with the lines of growth. The columella is straight, the edge obliquely cut off, shorter than the aperture anteriorly.

The individual gills are close to subdistant, with between 10–14 reaching the stem, and two or three tiers of lamellulae (short gills that do not reach the stem). The gills are moderately broad, pale orange to whitish, often yellowish at the base and whitish along the edges. The stem is long, and up to 1 mm thick; flexuous (winding from side to side), brittle, with the base covered with sharp, straight, and stiff white hairs. The surface is densely white-pruinose initially, but soon becomes naked with a subsequent color shift to orange-yellow or lemon yellow.

Sweet potato latent virus (SPLV), formerly designated as sweet potato virus N, was first reported from Taiwan. The virus has flexuous, filamentous particles of approximately 700-750 nm long and induces typical cylindrical inclusion proteins in the cytoplasm of infected cells. The experimental host range of SPLV is wider than that of sweet potato feathery virus (SPFMV), and it induces symptoms on some Chenopodium and Nicotiana species. SPLV is serologically related to, but distinct from SPFMV. Sequence comparison of the 3’-partial sequences showed that SPLV was a distinct species of the genus Potyvirus in the family Potyviridae.

The whole basal part of the body whorl is spirally striated or grooved, the upper part of the whorls is nearly smooth, but for a few scarcely visible spirals and fine and coarse flexuous growth-lines, becoming much coarser on the siphonal canal, which by the intercrossing of this sculpture is slightly granular. The aperture is angular above, ending below in a rather long, narrow, slightly contorted siphonal canal. The peristome is thin, wdth a wide, shallow sinus above, strongly protracted in its median part. The columellar margin is strongly contorted, with a narrow, thin layer of enamel.

The exterior of the ascocarp is brownish black to black, with a velvety surface, while the interior spore-bearing surface, the hymenium, is brownish black in color, usually somewhat paler than the outside. The outer surface may be partially covered with small flakelike patches of tissue. When viewed with a magnifying glass, the "hairs" (fungal hyphae) making up the outer velvety surface are variable in length, and are thick- walled, blunt, and appear to wind from side to side (flexuous). The ascocarp is connected to a stalk that is typically long by thick, with black mycelia at its base.

The spores are hexagonal to subrhomboid in frontal view and ellipsoid in side view, (5.6)6.7–8(9) x (4) 4.8–6.4 (7.2) x 4–4.8 (5.5) μm. The basidia each produce four spores, and occasionally only two larger spores. The cheilocystidia are 16–27(29) x 4.5–8 μm and lageniform to narrowly lageniform, with a flexuous neck that is 1–2.5 μm broad and sometimes bifurcate. Basidia 18.5–22.5 × 5.5–6.5 μm, cylindrical, four spored, hyaline and thin-walled. Pleurocystidia 12–20 (–32) × 4.5–9 (‒10) μm, fusiform, occasionally conical, clavate or utriform, occasionally bifurcate, hyaline, thin-walled.

Majors for this possibly rare species could not be found and thus remain undescribed. Pheidole loki is most probably closely allied to P. jonas and P. vulcan and characterized by reduced sculpture and an intermediate amount of standing hairs, compared to these two species. Overall it resembles P. jonas more than P. vulcan, at least in habitus, morphometric measurements, and promesonotum and postpetiole shape. The minor workers of P. jonas, however, display a more strongly punctate sculpture, less abundant and less flexuous standing hairs, and on average slightly shorter scapes than P. loki, the postpetiole on average as long as wide versus longer than wide in P. loki.

The minor workers of P. jonas can be separated from those of P. vulcan by slightly longer mandibles, scapes, and postpetiole, while the majors have a lower promesonotal process with a conspicuously concave transverse groove in profile view. Standing hairs are significantly less abundant and less flexuous in both worker castes than in those of P. vulcan. The minor workers of P. loki (majors are unknown) can be easily distinguished from the two other species, as the scapes are on average longer and the sculpture on dorsal head and mesosoma is largely reduced, whereas the heads and mesosomas of P. jonas and P. vulcan possess comparatively strong punctures.

Acrophialophora fusispora (UAMH 11640) colony on CER incubated for 7 days at 30 C Acrophialophora fusispora is similar to Paecilomyces, but differ in the presence of pigmented, warted conidiophores, verticillate phialides in limited numbers with narrowing tip, and frequent sympodial proliferation. A. fusispora is distinguished by its pigmented fusiform conidia, which are covered by spiral bands, measuring 5-12 x 3-6μm. The conidia arises in long single-cell basipetal chains, ranging from colorless to pale-brown and broadly ellipsoidal to lemon-shaped. The conidiophores arise singly, terminally, and laterally from the hyphae, and are erect or ascending, straight or flexuous, smooth or rough, and septate.

The protoconch is smooth white, pointed, drawn out. The sculpture consists of longitudinal ribs thirteen or fourteen on the body whorl, obsolete on the lower third of the whorl and not extending to the suture, below which is a smooth band only marked by oblique lines of growth. The ribs are slightly nodulous at their posterior terminations (where they are united by a slight carina) strong on the upper whorls, slightly flexuous on the convexity of the whorl. The whorl below the carina is marked by very faint grooves close together and passing over the ribs, stronger at the anterior end of the body whorl.

The succeeding whorls form the protoconch, globose, large, smooth. The subsequent whorls are turreted, angulated at the upper part at a short distance from the suture, beneath the angulation, which is rounded, sloping inward, so that they are much narrower at the lower part than at the angle, obliquely costate, and striated by the incremental lines. The ribs are very thick (12 on the penultimate whorl), subacute at their edge, and almost adjacent to one another at their bases, thinner and at times sublamellar at the upper extremities, and very obliquely flexuous from the angle downwards. On the last whorl they gradually become obsolete below the middle.

Conidiophores septate can be simple or branched, straight, flexuous. They often geniculate with 1–8 pores up to 40–50 x 5–7 um that are golden brown and smooth-walled. Conidia are solitary or in chains of 2–10, obovoid to short ellipsoidal, 18–38 x 11–20 um, with 1–5 (commonly 3) transfers and 1–5 longitudinal or oblique septa, medium brown to olivaceous, smooth walled or verrucose, base conical at first (becoming round with age), apex broadly rounded before "false beak" production. Each "false beak" is in form and function a conidiophore forming secondary conidia and is therefore distinct from the gradually tapering true beaks of Alternaria.

The shell consists of 4½ whorls, besides the large protoconch, which consists of about 3½ gradually increasing whorls. The whorls of the spire are obscurely shouldered at about the middle, above which the broad, sloping subsutural band is slightly concave. The sculpture on the penultimate whorl consists of about six elevated, rounded, revolving cinguli, with some much finer intermediate ones; some of the smaller cinguli are also found on the subsutural band. The transverse sculpture consists of fine, slightly flexuous lines of growth, crossing both the cinguli and their intervals, and on the subsutural band becoming more prominent in the form of oblique, recurved riblets, which do not take the form of nodules.

The first three subsequent whorls are sculptured with neat flexuous ribs transversely disposed. The next four whorls are crossed transversely with only the rather strong and distinct rounded lines of growth which cover pretty much all the rest of the shell except the tops of the longitudinal riblets. The longitudinal sculpture shows a keel just in advance of the suture upon which the posterior edge of the former is appressed, then a few faint revolving striae on the bi'oad notch-band, then two more keels, or sharp squarish riblets (on the body whorl ten or twelve). The first are marked with numerous knobby waves extending forward in the interspace toward the second keel rather than outwardly, and sometimes meeting and slightly waving the second keel .

In its morphology this species is closely related to P. jonas and has been collected in sympatry. While all specimens of P. vulcan are orange in color, the specimens of P. jonas from Mt. Karthala are all dark. More important characters for separating the minor workers of the two species are the shape of the promesonotum in profile, which is less strongly angulate in P. jonas; the amount of sculpture on the clypeus, which is smooth in P. jonas versus posteriorly punctate in P. vulcan; and the significantly more abundant and flexuous standing hairs in P. vulcan in both worker castes. In addition, the postpetiole of P. jonas is relatively longer compared to its height and the height of the petiole than in P. vulcan.

S. circumflexa L. (= daubei Frr. nec Bsd., graphica H-Sch, patefacta Walk.) (64c). Forewing grey, suffused with fuscous in median and terminal areas; inner and outer lines pale, double, with dark brown centre: the inner oblique inwards below middle, obscure above; the outer, also oblique, irregularly lunulate dentate, slightly mangled on vein 2 and the fold below it, followed by a pale grey band which broadens towards costa; subterminal line irregularly dentate and flexuous, preceded by a dark fuscous shade and black wedge shaped marks; stigmata pale grey, with first dark, then pale lustrous outlines; median vein pale; the subcellular mark broad, bent at rigid angles in middle, its centre pale brown, edged first with dark, then with whitish yellow; hindwing smoky brown, with broad blackish terminal border. Warren.

Trifolium hybridum, alsike or Swedish clover, is a perennial which was introduced early in the 19th century and has now become naturalized in Britain. The flowers are white or rosy, and resemble those of Trifolium repens. Trifolium medium, meadow or zigzag clover, a perennial with straggling flexuous stems and rose-purple flowers, has potential for interbreeding with T. pratense to produce perennial crop plants. Other species are: Trifolium arvense, hare's-foot trefoil; found in fields and dry pastures, a soft hairy plant with minute white or pale pink flowers and feathery sepals; Trifolium fragiferum, strawberry clover, with globose, rose-purple heads and swollen calyxes; Trifolium campestre, hop trefoil, on dry pastures and roadsides, the heads of pale yellow flowers suggesting miniature hops; and the somewhat similar Trifolium dubium, common in pastures and roadsides, with smaller heads and small yellow flowers turning dark brown.

Virions of the genus Macluravirus are non-enveloped, flexuous, and filamentous, measuring 650-660 nm lengthwise with a 10-12 nm diameter and pinwheel-type inclusion bodies relating it to the family of potyviruses. The CdMV genomes are single-stranded linear positive-sense RNA as reported by Jacob and Usha (2001). As a result of amplification, cloning, sequencing and gene expression, it can be reported that CdMV contains ~8.5kb of genomes, presence coding regions for partial Cytoplasmic Inclusion, CdMV encoded proteins: complete Nuclear Inclusion b (NIb) gene in the genome which is the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), Nuclear Inclusion a (NIa) Protease (Nia 1 protease) and a complete 6K2 genome-linked viral protein. The coat protein of potyvirus is a suitable carrier to display the epitopes of the pathogens. The sequencing of coat proteins and 3’ UTR regions of different isolated strains of CdMV from different cardamom-growing geographical regions in India revealed that there are three different CdMV strains causing disease on the basis of severity of symptoms on young and matured leaves, transmission efficiency, effect on plant height and leaf area.