He coined (aged 17) the name for the discipline, from vexillum, Latin for a military standard, and it consumed, fired and shaped his life.
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The only extant Roman vexillum, 3rd century AD. alt= Modern reproduction of a Roman cavalry vexillum The vexillum (; plural vexilla) was a flag-like object used as a military standard by units in the Ancient Roman army.
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Vexillum (Vexillum) citrinum, common name : the Queen Mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Vexillum) dennisoni, common name : the Dennison's mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Vexillum) intermedium, common name : the intermediate mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Vexillum) subdivisum, common name : the Costate Mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Vexillum) taeniatum, common name: the ribboned mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Vexillum) vulpecula, common name : the Little Fox Mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexilla vexillum, common name the vexillum rock shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
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P. vexillum is considered a synonym of P. puncticulata by some authors.
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Vexillum perrieri is a species of marine sea snail in the family Costellariidae.
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Vexillum mccauslandi is a species of small sea snail in the family Costellariidae.
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Wiedemannia vexillum is a species of dance flies, in the fly family Empididae.
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Zafra vexillum is a species of sea snail in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.
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Vexillum gorii are about one inch long. They are white to light brown in color.
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Vexillum strnadi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae.
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Vexillum joliveti is a small, underwater sea snail, with a shell size of between 14–18 mm.
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The word vexillum is a derivative of the Latin word, velum, meaning a sail, which confirms the historical evidence (from coins and sculpture) that vexilla were literally "little sails": flag-like standards. In the vexillum, the cloth was draped from a horizontal crossbar suspended from a staff. That is unlike most modern flags in which the "hoist" of the cloth is attached directly to a vertical staff. The bearer of a vexillum was known as a vexillarius or vexillifer.Vexillum. Flagspot.
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Calyx c. 1.8–2.0 cm long, pubescent, teeth linear-lanceolate. Corolla bright yellow. Vexillum ovate-oblong, slightly exserted.
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Marginella vexillum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.
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Vexillum ochraceum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pagodula is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pasitheum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum polygonum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum puerile is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pyropus is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum radius is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum radix is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum roseum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum rubellum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum rubricatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum rubrocostatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum castum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sanguisuga is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sauternesense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sculptile is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum semifasciatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum semiticum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum spicatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum stossieri is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum styria is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum subquadratum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sumatranum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sybillae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum tanguyae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum tokubeii is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum trophonium is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum turriger is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum unifasciatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum verecundulum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum vibex is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum vicmanoui is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum virginale is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum wolfei is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum xenium is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum zebuense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum crassum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum kaicherae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum kremerae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum accintum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum aemula is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum aethiopica is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum albocinctum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum approximatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum articulatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum australe is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum bancalanensis is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum bilineatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum bipartitum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum bizonale is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum blanfordi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum catenatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cavea is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum charlesi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum chelonia is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum chickcharneorum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cithara is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum corallinum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum croceum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cubanum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum dautzenbergi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum depexum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum dermestinum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum discolorium is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum diutenerum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum echinatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum emiliae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum epiphanea is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum exiguum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum festum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum ficulinum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum fortiplicatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum hansenae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum helena is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum hervieri is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum honestum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum inerme is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum infaustum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum interruptum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum joliveti is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum kuboi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum lautum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum lenhilli is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum loyaltyense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum luculentum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum luigiraybaudii is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum malleopunctum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum marrowi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum mediomaculatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum microzonias is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum millecostatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum moelleri is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum moniliferum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum nakama is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum oniscinum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum oryzum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum osiridis is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum paligerum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum patulum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum piceum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pilsbryi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pisolinum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum plurinotatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum puella is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pulchellum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum purpuratum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum recurvirostris is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum roseotinctum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sanctahelenae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum semicostatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum semisculptum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum silviae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum smithi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum acromiale is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum adamsianum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum albotaeniatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum alvinobalani is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum angustissimum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum antonellii is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum apicinctum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum appelii is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum aureolineatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum balicasagensis is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum balutensis is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusc in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum bellum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum beverlyae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum blandulum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum brunneolinea is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum buriasense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cadaverosum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum caelatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum caliendrum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum callosum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum choslenae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum collinsoni is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum concentricum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cookorum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum coronatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cosmani is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum darwini is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum delicatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum dilectissimum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum dohrni is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum duplex is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum elliscrossi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum emmanueli is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum epigonus is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum evelynae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum filistriatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum flexicostatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum fraudator is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum fuscoapicatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum fuscotaeniatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum gorii is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum gotoense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum gouldi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum hendersoni is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum hilare is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum hoaraui is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum humile is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum innocens is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum innotabile is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum intertaeniatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum iredalei is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum kurodai is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum leforti is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum leucophryna is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum leucozonias is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum ligatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum lindae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum lucidum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum macandrewi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum malcolmensis is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum martinorum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum mica is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum micra is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum modestum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum monalizae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum monsecourorum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum multitriangulum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum mutabile is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum nicobaricum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum nodai is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum nodospiculum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum noduliferum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum strictecostatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum suave is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sykesi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk within the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum thila is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum thorssoni is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum torotortum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum turben is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum tusum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum variatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum zebrinum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum granum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum hypatiae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum tricolor is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum isaoi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum albofulvum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cingulatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum coccineum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum curviliratum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum formosense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum gruneri is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum interstriatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum jukesii is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum lyratum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum maduranum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum melongena is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pedroi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum superbiens is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum taylorianum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum tumidum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum albolineatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum arabicum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum arestum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum asperum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum baeri is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum chinoi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum chocotinctum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cineria is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum epiphaneum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum fidicula is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum flaveoricum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum fulvosulcatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum fuscobandatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum garciai is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum gemmatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum geronimae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum giselae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum gloriae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum ismene is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum jeciliae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum kimiyum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum klytios is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum kraussi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum kuiperi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum leyteensis is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum nivale is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pacificum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pelaezi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum philtwoi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum praefulguratum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum pratasense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum renatoi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum rodgersi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum ronnyi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum rusticum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sinuosum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum stephanuchum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum stercopunctis is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum tankervillei is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum torricella is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum varicosum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum venustum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum wandoense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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It is an almost square piece of coarse linen cloth with the image of the goddess Victoria and measures 47×50 cm. The lower edge has the remains of a fringe. The vexillum was once attached to a piece of reed wood. It is unknown to which military unit the vexillum belonged.
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Vexillum (Pusia) exquisitum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) obeliscus is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) poppei is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) scitulum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) suluense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) takakuwai is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) vespula is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) caloxestum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) chibaense is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) exaratum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum histrio is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) leucodesma is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Origin Vexillum lotum are a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) multicostatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) nitidissimum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) salisburyi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum crispum is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) daedalum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) funereum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) jackylenae is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum laterculatum is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) militare is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum lubens is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Conus vexillum, common name the vexillum cone or the flag cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies. These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.
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The vexillum was a flag-like object used as a military standard by units in the Ancient Roman army. The word vexillum itself is a diminutive of the Latin word, velum, meaning a sail, which confirms the historical evidence (from coins and sculpture) that vexilla were literally "little sails" i.e. flag-like standards. In the vexillum the cloth was draped from a horizontal crossbar suspended from the staff; this is unlike most modern flags in which the 'hoist' of the cloth is attached directly to the vertical staff.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) (Costellaria) corbicula is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum stainforthii is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, scientifically known as the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum costatum is a species of small sea snail. It is a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Cytharomorula vexillum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
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Chlidonoptera vexillum is a species of praying mantis in the genus Chlidonoptera in the order Mantodea.Chlidonoptera. The Tree of Life Web Project. 2005.
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Vexillum (Pusia) pardalis, common known as Reeve's bloodied mitre, is a species of small sea snails in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum cancellarioides, common name the cancellaria mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum crocatum, common name : the saffron mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum acuminatum, common name the acuminate mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum acupictum, common name : the pinpricked mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum amandum, common name : the Amanda mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) mirabile, common name : miraculous mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum sykesi can be found in Aruba, Belize, Bonaire, the Caribbean Sea, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico, the lesser Anitles, and Panama.
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Vexillum (Costellaria) virgo, common name : the Virgin Mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum amabile is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters. The higher group are the Gastropoda.
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Vexillum (Pusia) aureolatum, common name : the golden mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) ebenus, common name : the ebony mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) patriarchale, common name : the Patriarchal Mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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Vexillum (Pusia) speciosum, common name : the specious mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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J. Paul Getty Museum, Thesaurus Cultus Et Rituum Antiquorum, Getty Publications, 2004, p. 407 The second censor advances behind the victims, holding a standard (vexillum).
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Cytisus scoparius, Common Broom. 1. Two-lipped calyx. 2. Broadly ovate vexillum or standard. 3. One of the alae or wings of the corolla. 4.
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Strigatella vexillum, common name : the vexillate mitre, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mitridae, the miters or miter snails.
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The only reported location of Vexillum kaicherae is in the Atlantic Ocean just east of the Caribbean Sea and off the north-east coast of Venezuela.
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Pomacea vexillum is a South American species of freshwater snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails.
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It was first described from New Zealand as Didemnum vexillum by Patricia Kott in 2002. The species had been discovered previously in its native region of Japan.
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In these cases, the detached subunits carried only the vexillum, and not the aquila, and were called, therefore, vexillationes. A miniature vexillum, mounted on a silver base, was sometimes awarded to officers as a recognition of their service upon retirement or reassignment. Civilians could also be rewarded for their assistance to the Roman legions. In return for outstanding service, a citizen was given an arrow without a head.
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R.O.A.D. Group released a statement in August 2012, stating they had signed a new business venture with haute fashion house Widows Son Vexillum a bespoke couture (clothing company).
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Tunicate colony of Didemnum vexillum. Large openings are atrial siphons; brown material in them is interpreted to be faecal matter in cavities below the apertures. Didemnum vexillum appears to be native to Japan, where it was recorded in Mutsu Bay in 1926. It is still common there and, as well as growing on rock surfaces and seagrasses (Zostera), it grows as a fouling organism on cultured bivalves, net cages, pilings and other man-made structures.
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Hence, three turmae per cohorts of the Augustan period, five per cohort in 100 CE–200 CE, and ten per cohort after 200 CE, with a vexillum (flag) as emblem for each turma.
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Nearly all of the present-day regions of Italy preserve the use of vexilla. Many Christian processional banners are in the vexillum form; usually these banners are termed labara () after the standard adopted by the first Christian Roman emperor Constantine I replaced the usual spear point with the "Chi-Rho" symbol ☧. For example, a vexillum is used by the Legion of Mary as the term for its standards. A small version is used on the altar and a larger one leads processions.
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Palladia were processed around the walls of besieged cities and sometimes carried into battle.Kitzinger, 109-112 In this more offensive role they may also be referred to as "vexilla" (singular vexillum, Latin for "battle standard").
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Vexillum goubini is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters. Its type locality is Lifou, New Caledonia, and it is named in honor of its collector, Benjamin Goubin.
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The corolla is three times longer than the calyx. The vexillum is shorter than the wings. The carina is weakly ciliate. Pods are yellow-grayish-brown, with straight lines, necklace-shaped, short and closely hirsute, easy shattered, with 5–6 seeds.
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Over the past few decades, tunicates (notably of the genera Didemnum and Styela) have been invading coastal waters in many countries. The carpet tunicate (Didemnum vexillum) has taken over a area of the seabed on the Georges Bank off the northeast coast of North America, covering stones, molluscs, and other stationary objects in a dense mat. D. vexillum, Styela clava and Ciona savignyi have appeared and are thriving in Puget Sound and Hood Canal in the Pacific Northwest. Invasive tunicates usually arrive as fouling organisms on the hulls of ships, but may also be introduced as larvae in ballast water.
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The standards of each of the units of the Blackshirts, save for the Moschettieri del Duce, which carried a small standard in black similar to those of the regular armed forces, were a modernized form of the standards (Vexillum) used by the old Roman army.
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Vennerbrunnen. The Vennerbrunnen (Banner Carrier or Vexillum Fountain) is a fountain on Rathausplatz in the Old City of Bern, Switzerland. It is a Swiss Cultural Property of National Significance and is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Old City of Bern.
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Didemnum vexillum is capable of forming large colonies which can overgrow rocks and gravel, smother benthic organisms and change the marine balance of the seafloor community. In some places in the Netherlands it covers 95% of the seabed and there is a marked decrease in populations of the sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris and the brittle star Ophiothrix fragilis. On the Georges Bank, Massachusetts, the seabed community is also changed, with some invertebrates decreasing but others, such as two species of polychaete worm, increasing in abundance. Here, D. vexillum restricts the potential settling sites for larvae of the bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) and the sea scallop (Placopecten magellenaicus).
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Each maniple and each centuria had an insignia of the same colour, on which the name of the legion and number of the centuria was embroidered in gold. Constantine's Christogram, the initials "IHS" stand for The labarum, a standard in which Constantine the Great placed a Christogram, differed from the vexillum in that it was flat and retained its square shape, as seen in the medals of Theodosius the Great and others. The vexillum, which appears often on Trajan's Column, was not protected but at the top. Vegetius records that in his time the banners in the form of dragons served as insignia to the barbarians.
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Paschal had also granted the Pisans the Romana signa, sedis apostolicae vexillum ("Roman standard, the flag of the apostolic see"),This is almost certainly the vexillum sancti Petri ("banner of Saint Peter") used by papal armies on other occasions. The pope also gave a processional cross to the Pisan archbishop, who gave it to a certain layman, Atho, to carry. Cf. Carl Erdmann (1977), The Origin of the Idea of Crusade (Princeton: Princeton University Press), 186, who points out that the banner of Saint Peter is not the basis for the later white cross on a red field associated with Pisa. and his appeals for the expedition had borne fruit.
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As with all comitatus regiments, palatini cavalry regiments were called vexillationes (from vexillum = "military standard") and infantry regiments were either legiones or auxilia. Vexillationes palatinae are believed to have contained 400-600 men, legiones palatinae 800-1,200 and auxilia palatina either 800-1,000 or 400-600.
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Mattingly (2006) 223 This led to the proliferation of unit types in the 4th century, generally of smaller size than those of the Principate. For example, in the 2nd century, a vexillatio (from vexillum = "standard") was any detachment from a legion or auxiliary regiment, either cavalry or infantry.
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The subfamily Ergalataxinae originally contained just four species: Bedevina birileffi, Ergalatax contracta, E. tokugawai, and Cytharomorula vexillum. Later, genera Morula, Spinidrupa, Cronia, and Drupella were transferred from the Rapaninae (also called Thaidinae). New species have been described, and genera split, leading to a subfamily of approximately 150 species in 20+ genera.
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In Unicode, the Chi-Rho symbol is encoded at U+2627 (☧), and for Coptic at U+2CE9 (⳩). It was first used by the Roman emperor Constantine the Great. Since the vexillum consisted of a flag suspended from the crossbar of a cross, it was suited to symbolize the crucifixion of Christ.
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The shell is partially interrupted so as to form a central white band. The longitudinal markings are less defined and broader, than in Conus vexillum Gmelin, 1791 to which it resembles. They give a darker shade to the shell.G.W. Tryon (1884) Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species, vol.
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Didemnum is a genus of colonial tunicates in the family Didemnidae. It is the most speciose genus in the didemnid family. Species in this genus often have small calcareous spicules embedded in the tunic and form irregular or lobed colonies. Some Didemnum species, including Didemnum vexillum and Didemnum perlucidem are considered invasive species.
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Catacombs of San Callisto, Rome The Chi Rho is formed by superimposing the first two (capital) letters chi and rho (ΧΡ) of the Greek word "ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ" =Christ in such a way to produce the monogram. Widespread in ancient Christianity, it was the symbol used by the Roman emperor Constantine I as vexillum (named Labarum).
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Bracts are small and ovate, pedicels are long. Sepals are small and ovate. The vexillum is rather large broadly ovate, vaulted and has three broad spreading lobes with a dense tuft of petaloid hairs above the conjunction of the lobes. It has a long filiform appendage which is entirely hidden in the spur and extends its whole length.
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58 The Lombards took both Rodulf's standard (vexillum) and his helmet, and Paul the Deacon claimed that this broke the courage of the Heruli such that they never had a king again. However Procopius, who was much closer to the events, notes that the Heruli divided and moved, but still had kings. Coin of Theodoric the Great.
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306–337) as part of a military standard (vexillum). Constantine's standard was known as the Labarum. Early symbols similar to the Chi Rho were the Staurogram (20px) and the IX monogram (20px). In pre-Christian times, the Chi-Rho symbol was also to mark a particularly valuable or relevant passage in the margin of a page, abbreviating chrēston (good).
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105 fig. 20, Plate XXV.b Early field signs that include, but are not limited to a flag, are also called vexilloid or "flag-like", for example the Roman Eagle standard or the dragon standard of the Sarmatians. The Roman Vexillum itself is also "flag- like" in the sense that it was suspended from a horizontal crossbar as opposed to a simple flagpole.
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Rankov (1994) Plate F At the legionary level, the vexillarius had charge of the commander's vexillum, or banner, and accompanied the legatus in the field. The aquilifer bore the legion's aquila standard, and wore a lion's head. He accompanied the chief centurion, as did the legion's imaginifer, who bore a standard with the emperor's image. All these standard-bearers were duplicarii.
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Polish replica of the Holy Lance, Wawel Cathedral Treasury Crown of Bolesław I the Brave In AD 1000, during his pilgrimage to the tomb of Saint Adalbert in Gniezno, the capital of Poland until about 1040, Emperor Otto III officially recognized Duke Bolesław I the Brave as King of Poland (see Congress of Gniezno), crowning him and presenting him with a replica of the Holy Lance, also known as Saint Maurice's Spear. This relic, together with the vexillum attached to it, was probably the first insignia of the nascent Kingdom of Poland, a symbol of King Bolesław's rule, and of his allegiance to the Emperor. It remains unknown what images, if any, were painted or embroidered on the vexillum. Starting from 1320 the regalia of the Polish kings were kept in the treasury of the Wawel Cathedral.
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On the front ends of the cloth are two candlesticks with burning candles. On the right side of Mary, the vexillum Legionis (the standard of the legion) is placed. It is made out of metal and onyx and shows the Holy Spirit in the form of a dove as well as the Miraculous Medal. During meetings, all the prayers of the Tessera are said.
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The only extant Roman vexillum, 3rd century AD. Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Russia. The numbering of the legions is confusing, due to duplicated and inconsistent numeration by various emperors. Several legions shared the same serial number with others. Augustus numbered the legions he founded himself from I, but at the same retained the serial numbers of those legions he inherited from his predecessors.
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The colony is firmly attached to a hard surface from which it can be difficult to detach. D. vexillum has different forms in different locations. It can form a thin or thick encrusting mat, or form large or small lobes. The colour can be orange, pink, tan, creamy yellow or greyish-white and the tunic is sparsely strengthened by stellate spicules with nine to eleven rays.
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In the centuries before Vegetius, only maniples had insignia: cohorts did not. Sometimes only the vexillum in purple, and the insignia of the unit, were put atop a pike with no further adornment. The insignias below the eagle were composed of medallions, placed one above the other and nailed to the spear rod. These medallions bore the letters SPQR, , and a portrait of the Emperor.
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A coin of Constantine (c.337) depicting his labarum spearing a serpent. The Late Roman army in the late 3rd century continued to use the insignia usual to the Roman legions: the eagle-tipped aquila, the square vexillum, and the imago (the bust of the emperor on a pole). In addition, the use of the draco, adopted from the Dacians, was widespread among cavalry and auxiliary units.
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In early 2006, Didemnum vexillum was found covering a 230 km2 area of cobble habitat in Georges Bank off the coast of New England, and is classified as an invasive species of greatest concern in coastal areas throughout Europe, New Zealand, and North America. Didemnum sp. invasions have also been recorded in Canada, the Mediterranean, and the Netherlands."Invasion der Pfankuchen" Der Spiegel, 1/2006, p.
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The school yearbook is known as The Vexillum. Referred to by the boys as The Vex, it is produced annually towards the summer holidays and usually distributed on the final evening before the last summer exams. It is compiled by the pupils. It contains reports on sporting and non- sporting events throughout the year, including the hurling and rugby campaigns and 6th year profiles.
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The flowers have a bilateral symmetry with the corolla consisting of five petals. A single, large, upper petal is known as the banner (also vexillum or standard petal). The semi-cylindrical base of the banner embraces and compresses two equal and smaller lateral wings (or alae). The wings in turn enclose a pair of small keel petals, that are situated somewhat lower than the wings, but are interior to them.
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Beyond its derivation from Latin labarum, the etymology of the word is unclear.H. Grégoire, "L'étymologie de 'Labarum'" Byzantion 4 (1929:477-82) The Oxford English Dictionary offers no further derivation from within Latin.Hoad, T. F. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology (repr. 1996) Some derive it from Latin /labāre/ 'to totter, to waver' (in the sense of the "waving" of a flag in the breeze) or laureum [vexillum] ("laurel standard").
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Like other colonial ascidians, Didemnum vexillum is a suspension feeder. Water is drawn in through the buccal siphon of each zooid, the plankton and fine particles of detritus are filtered out, and the water and waste products leave through a common atrial siphon. Each individual zooid is a hermaphrodite. Sperm is liberated into the sea and may get drawn into another zooid with the water current, fertilisation taking place internally.
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It continued to be used as the Reichssturmfahne ("imperial war flag") of the Holy Roman Empire, eventually giving rise to the flag of Savoy and the present-day flags of Switzerland and Denmark). A vexillum beati Georgii is mentioned in the Genovese annals for the year 1198, referring to a red flag with a depiction of St George and the dragon. An illumination of this flag is shown in the annals for the year 1227.
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The flag of Christiania is a red banner with three yellow discs representing the dots in each i in "Christiania". The flag of Christiania originates from the military standard of the Roman emperor Constantine. This standard is called a labarum. The labarum was a vexillum (military standard) that displayed the "Chi-Rho" symbol ☧, a christogram formed from the first two Greek letters of the word "Christ" (, or Χριστός) — Chi (χ) and Rho (ρ).
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Few of them seem to have survived beyond the 4th century, however. The aquila fell out of use with the breaking up of the old legions, the imago was abandoned with the adoption of Christianity, and only the vexillum and the draco are still occasionally attested in the 5th century and beyond. Constantine the Great (r. 306–337) inserted the Chi-Rho emblem in Roman military standards, resulting in the so- called labarum.
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In 1834, in Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis Robert Wight and George Arnott Walker-Arnott describe Millettia as: > Calyx cup-shaped, lobed or slightly toothed. Corolla papilionaceous: > vexillum recurved, broad, emarginate, glabrous or silky on the back. Stamens > diadelphous (9 and 1), the tenth quite distinct. Legume flat, elliptic or > lanceolate, pointed, coriaceous, thick margined, wingless indehiscent, 1-2 > seeded: valves closely cohering with each other all round the seeds and > between them.
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The word is a synthesis of the Latin word vexillum (which refers to a kind of square flag which was carried by Roman cavalry) and the Greek suffix -logia ("study"). The first known usage of the word vexillology was in 1959. A person who studies flags is a vexillologist, one who designs flags is a vexillographer, and the art of flag-designing is called vexillography. One who is a hobbyist or general admirer of flags is a vexillophile.
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The arch top of a temple is depicted. Four soldiers are shown, one carrying the vexillum, or cavalry flag, of the Second Legion. A man in a toga, possibly Aulus Claudius Charax- commander of the Second Legion, is depicted pouring a libation on an altar as a preliminary to sacrificing a bull, a pig and a sheep. The sounds of the slaughter may have been drowned out by the musical instruments which are shown being played.
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It was used by both infantry and cavalry. It could designate a vexillation (Latin: vexillatio), a detachment from a larger unit, though it was most likely also a standard for regular complete or component units (such as legions, cohorts, alae). The term vexillarius may also refer to specially re-enlisted veterans. These soldiers were so named because they served in a company (vexillatio) under their own vexillum standard within the legion, separate from the ordinary legionaries in the cohorts of that same legion.
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Gonfalon with coat of arms of the Italian comune of Montebuono. The tip of a gonfalon from the 1839 Eglinton Tournament as held at Eglinton Castle in Scotland. The gonfalon, gonfanon, gonfalone (from the early Italian confalone) is a type of heraldic flag or banner, often pointed, swallow-tailed, or with several streamers, and suspended from a crossbar in an identical manner to the ancient Roman vexillum. It was first adopted by Italian medieval communes, and later, by local guilds, corporations and districts.
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A colony of Didemnum vexillum consists of a number of sac-shaped zooids connected by a common tunic. Each zooid is about long and has a buccal siphon through which water is drawn into the interior. The water then passes into a shared cavity from which it is pumped out through an atrial siphon. The surface of the colony is smooth, leathery, and often veined in appearance; the buccal siphons appear as numerous fine pores, and the atrial siphons as a smaller number of larger holes.
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With the birth of the Roman Empire, the legions created a bond with their leader, the emperor himself. Each legion had another officer, called imaginifer, whose role was to carry a pike with the imago (image, sculpture) of the emperor as pontifex maximus. Each legion, furthermore, had a vexillifer who carried a vexillum or signum, with the legion name and emblem depicted on it, unique to the legion. It was common for a legion to detach some sub-units from the main camp to strengthen other corps.
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A vexillatio (plural vexillationes) was a detachment of a Roman legion formed as a temporary task force created by the Roman army of the Principate. It was named from the standard carried by legionary detachments, the vexillum (plural vexilla), which bore the emblem and name of the parent legion. Although commonly associated with legions, it is likely that vexillationes included auxiliaries. The term is found in the singular, referring to a single detachment, but is usually used in the plural to refer to an army made up of picked detachments.
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The term flag is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as the maritime environment, where semaphore is used). The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin vexillum, meaning "flag" or "banner". National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes.
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Praetorian Vexillarius, the standard-bearer of the vexillum Augustus' successor Tiberius (r. 14-37), appointed only single commanders for the Praetorian Guard: Sejanus 14–31, and, after ordering the latter's execution for treason, Macro. Under the influence of Sejanus, who also acted as his chief political advisor, Tiberius decided to concentrate the accommodation of all the Praetorian cohorts into a single, purpose-built fortress of massive size on the outskirts of Rome, beyond the Servian Wall. Known as the castra praetoria ("praetorian camp"), its construction was complete by AD 23.
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Roman ensigns, standards, trumpets etc. The term vexillum (plural vexilla) is used more generally for any object, such as a relic or icon, used as a standard in battle, and may be considered the offensive equivalent of the more defensive palladium in this context.Ryan, William Francis,The Bathhouse at Midnight: An Historical Survey of Magic and Divination in Russia, pp. 237-239, 1999, Penn State Press, , 9780271019673 Vexillology, or the study of flags, derives its name from this word and a vexilloid is a standard that is not of conventional flag form.
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Lamb of God with a vexillum and chalice in stained glass, a symbol of Christ as the perfect sacrifice. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Christianity: Christianity – monotheistic religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. The Christian faith is essentially faith in Jesus as the Christ (or Messiah), the Son of God, the Savior, and, according to Trinitarianism, God the Son, part of the Trinity with God the Father and the Holy Spirit.
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In iconographical evidence, this commonly takes the form of the Chi-Rho embroidered on the field of a vexillum, but literary evidence suggests also its use as a symbol at the head of a staff. The labarum, although common in the 4th and 5th centuries, vanishes entirely in the 6th, and reappears only much later in altered form as part of the imperial regalia. Scene of a battle from the 13th-century Madrid Skylitzes. Illuminated chronicles often depict flags conforming to the general bandon type in various colours and designs, but their accuracy is doubtful.
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The son of King Stefan Vladislav, župan Desa, sent delegates from Kotor to Ragusa (Dubrovnik) to return items from the king's treasury; the inventory list included, among other things, "a flag of red and blue colour" ("vexillum unum de zendato rubeo et blavo" - a flag made of red and blue fabric, zendato or čenda being a type of light, silky fabric). This is the oldest existing information on the colours of the Serbian flag. Thus, the oldest known Serbian flag was red and blue. But already in 1271 the colors of the flag of his son Desa, were red and white.
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Lamb of God mosaic in presbytery of Basilica of San Vitale (built A.D. 547) Ravenna, Italy. Lamb of God with vexillum, Sacred Heart Church (Berlin), 1898 In Christian iconography, an Agnus Dei is a visual representation of Jesus as a lamb, since the Middle Ages, usually holding a standard or banner with a cross. This normally rests on the lamb's shoulder and is held in its right foreleg. Often the cross will have a white banner suspended from it charged with a red cross (similar to St George's Cross), though the cross may also be rendered in different colors.
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However, in the early 1970s, there were reports of a brown Didemnum ascidian on oyster beds in the region. Around the same time, oyster spat from Japan was introduced into the Pacific coastal regions of Canada and the USA and soon afterwards an ascidian was observed there, and later identified as D. vexillum. By 2014, this tunicate was present in the eastern Atlantic, North Sea and Mediterranean Sea in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Ireland, France and Italy. On the east coast of North America its range extended from New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts and New Hampshire, to Maine.
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In the eastern Pacific its range extends from Alaska to California. It is also present in New Zealand, where it was first observed in 2001, its only known encroachment into the Southern Hemisphere. Because this ascidian broods its embryos and the larvae are free-swimming for only a brief time, natural dispersal of D. vexillum is limited in extent. Dispersal to new habitats in far flung parts of the world is likely to be through its accidental conveyance on the hulls of boats or other floating structures, or its introduction to aquaculture installations, perhaps with commercial oyster spat, seed mussels or aquaculture equipment.
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Sigismund III's double- swallow-tailed royal banner consisting of red and white stripes emblazoned with a coat of arms combining the heraldic symbols of Poland, Lithuania, Sweden and the House of Vasa (c. 1605) The earliest vexilloids (flag-like objects) used in Poland were known as stanice and probably resembled the Roman vexillum, that is a cloth draped vertically from a horizontal crosspiece attached to a wooden pole or spear. They served as both religious and military symbols as early as 10th century. With Poland's conversion to Christianity in 966, the stanice were probably Christianized by replacing pagan symbols with Christian ones.
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Valerie Maxfield argues that "it would not be going beyond the evidence to see these dona as a total for two campaigns rather than as a single award", and allocates them thusly: "One decoration as Praefectus cohortis and one as praefectus equitum, the first with one crown and one hasta, the second with one crown, one hasta and one vexillum (the same as that received by the only other praefectus equitum known to have been decorated at this period)".Maxfield, "The Dona Militaria of the Roman Army", (Durham theses: Durham University, 1972), vol. 1, pp. 59f Concluding his tres militiae, Betuinianus then held a series of civilian administrative appointments.
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The association between the red cross on a white field and the city of Milan dates back to the 4th century. Saint Ambrose had been the Bishop of Milan between 374 and 397, and as a result of his influence his symbol, the red cross on a field of white became associated with the Bishop of Milan. In 1176 the Lombard League faced the forces of the Holy Roman Empire, led by Fredrick Barbarossa, at the Battle of Legnano. Upon hearing about the arrival of the Holy Roman army, the Lombard infantry constructed a carroccio, a sacred war wagon which displayed a vexillum, to take into battle.
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It is unclear as to when the Republic officially adopted the flag. One chronicler, John the Deacon, described how in 998 Doge Pietro Orseolo II was presented with a "triumphale vexillum" (triumphal banner) before leading a naval expedition against the Narentines, pirates who moored off the eastern coast of the Adriatic and harassed Venetian seamen. However, this chronicle does not explicitly mention the use of the Lion of St. Mark within the flag or mention the colours used upon the banner. The first definitive recording of the usage of the Lion of Saint Mark on a red field dates back to the late thirteenth century.
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Its origin and evolution are unknown. It may have resulted from modifications to the draco or the vexillum, but it appears in its final form in the Stratēgikon, composed of a square or rectangular field with streamers attached. According to the Stratēgikon, the colours of the standard reflected a unit's hierarchical subordination: the banda of the regiments of the same brigade (moira, droungos) had a field of the same colour, distinguished by a distinctive device, and the regiments of the same division (meros or tourma) of the army had the same colour on their streamers. Each moira and meros also had their own flag, as well as the army's commanding general (stratēgos).
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In 1063, Pope Alexander II had given his blessing to Iberian Christians in their wars against the Muslims, granting both a papal standard (the vexillum sancti Petri) and an indulgence to those who were killed in battle. Pleas from the Byzantine emperors, now threatened by the Seljuks, thus fell on ready ears. These occurred in 1074, from Emperor Michael VII to Pope Gregory VII and in 1095, from Emperor Alexios I Komnenos to Pope Urban II. One source identifies Michael VII in Chinese records as a ruler of Byzantium (Fulin) who sent an envoy to Song Dynasty China in 1081.However, Chinese scholar Yang Xianyi states it was Melissenos Kaisar, brother-in-law of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos.
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Four different types of shell are used in making shell money, A red lipped rock oyster called Romu (chama pacifica), white shell known as Kee (Beguina semi-orbiculata), black horse mussel shells called Kurila (Atrina vexillum) and thick white disks from a rigid cockle known as Kakadu (Anadara granosa) What makes this money valuable are the purple disks, whose number per string is carefully calculated and which are made from the lips of the Romu shell which the Langa Langa people collect twice a year from the lagoon areas of the clan of the Lau tribe. The chief of the Lau clan allows them to fish for the shells in exchange for half the money strings.
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The Cohort barricades itself behind the village's walls, with no option except to hold out until they are reported overdue at the base and Vespasian arrives with reinforcements. At Cato's suggestion, the embattled legionaries set fire to the attacking Germans' rudimentary battering ram, but the flames unfortunately spread to the gate, then the rest of the village, forcing the century to fall back from the walls. Whilst in retreat to the main village square, Macro and Cato are cut off from their comrades and the former is hit by a javelin. Ignoring Macro's command to leave him behind, Cato charges alone at the attacking Germans, driving them away with the Century's Standard (Vexillum), long enough to help Macro to his feet and drag him into a nearby building.
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Legend above: Hic Odo Eps (Episcopus) Baculu(m) Tenens, "Here (is) Odo the Bishop holding a club" (see detail below). To the far right, holding a standard, is Eustace, Count of Boulogne (see detail below), with legend above, in upper margin: E[...]TIUS, standing for Eustatius, a Latinised version of "Eustace."Attribution to Eustace of this person depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry given by Douglas (1959), p.238, re plate LXXIII The figure is said by others to be Turstin FitzRolf, said by Orderic Vitalis to have carried the Norman standard: Turstinus filius Rollonis vexillum Normannorum portavit, "Turstin son of Rollo carried the standard of the Normans," The Tapestry however depicts it as the Papal Banner, a cross, granted to the Duke by Pope Alexander II to signify papal approval of the Conquest of England.
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98–117) established the first all-camel cavalry unit, the Ala I Ulpia dromedariorum Palmyrenorum.. The turma was still commanded by a decurio, aided by two subaltern principales (under-officers), a sesquiplicarius (soldier with one-and-a-half times pay) and a duplicarius (soldier with double pay), as well as a signifer or vexillarius (a standard-bearer, cf. vexillum). These ranks corresponded respectively with the infantry's tesserarius (officer of the watch), optio, and signifer.. The exact size of the turma under the Principate, however, is unclear: 30 men was the norm in the Republican army and apparently in the cohortes equitatae, but not for the alae. The De Munitionibus Castrorum, for instance, records that a cohors equitata milliaria numbered exactly 240 troopers, i.e. 30 men per turma,De Munitionibus Castrorum, 26.
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Lamb bleeding into the Holy Chalice, carrying the vexillum The Book of Revelation includes over twenty- nine references to a lion-like lamb ("slain but standing") which delivers victory in a manner reminiscent of the resurrected Christ.Reclaiming the book of Revelation: by Wilfried E. Glabach 2007 pages In the first appearance of the lamb in Revelation (5:1–7) only the lamb (which is of the tribe of Judah, and the root of David) is found worthy to take the judgment scroll from God and break the seals. The reference to the lamb in Revelation 5:6 relates it to the Seven Spirits of God which first appear in Revelation 1:4 and are associated with Jesus who holds them along with seven stars.New Testament Theology by Thomas R. Schreiner 2008 Baker Academic page 502 The Lamb imagery in Revelation is counterintuitive.
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Orderic Vitalis wrote, sometime after 1110, “Turstinus filius Rollonis vexillum Normannorum portavit” ("Turstin son of Rollo carried the standard of the Normans.")Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica Wace wrote in his cronicle Roman de Rou as follows (loosely translated and dramatised by Sir Edward Creasy(died 1878)): > Then the Duke called for the standard which the Pope had sent him, and, he > who bore it having unfolded it, the Duke took it and called to Raoul de > Conches. “Bear my standard” said he “for I would not but do you right; by > right and by ancestry your line are standard-bearers of Normandy, and very > good knights have they all been”. But Raoul said that he would serve the > Duke that day in other guise, and would fight the English with his hand as > long as life should last.
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Gules, Praetorians insignia Or. The coat of arms is the labarum of the Praetorian Guard in gold on a red background.Note that the coat of arms of the rione was established by Council Resolution no. 20 of 20 August 1921, which describes it without showing its image. The image that is most frequently used, that is a "generic" sign of a legion with an aquila, is historically inaccurate for two reasons: first, the Resolution evidently referred to the "specific" insignia of the Praetorian guard (with reference to the Castra Praetoria), that is, the scorpio which appeared on the vexilla of the guard as a sign of gratitude towards the Emperor Tiberius (who was born under this zodiac sign); second, the aquila could only be carried by the Aquilifer of a legion, and certainly could not appear on the vexillum of the Praetorians, who could not form a legion since they resided within the city.
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Agnus Dei with the vexillum The title Lamb of God for Jesus appears in the Gospel of John, with the initial proclamation: "Behold the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world" in , the title reaffirmed the next day in . The second use of the title Lamb of God takes place in the presence of the first two apostles of Jesus, who immediately follow him, address him as Rabbi with respect and later in the narrative bring others to meet him.The Life and Ministry of Jesus by Douglas Redford 2007 pages 100–101 These two proclamations of Jesus as the Lamb of God closely bracket the Baptist's other : "I have borne witness that this is the Son of God". From a Christological perspective, these proclamations and the descent of the Holy Spirit as a dove in reinforce each other to establish the divine element of the Person of Christ.
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Burial place in Benedictine Abbey, Třebíč Ulrich and Luitpold initially ruled in the Brno part (the western one) of the duchy of Moravia, until 1099 when they were evicted illegitimately by Bretislaus II. Later they enforced a return of the Brno part of the Moravian duchy - with the help of the Bavarian armed troops as well as indirect support by Emperor Henry IV (whom he visited in early February 1101 in Frankfurt), according to the principles of agnatic seniority. After they returned to the duchy of Brno, the brothers divided it into two subparts named Brno (principality) and Znojmo (principality), where they continued to reign in certain local territorial union. In 1104 they together founded a Benedictine abbey in Třebíč whose convent church of St. Procopius was intended as their own dynastic mausoleum where they were both buried. Emperor Henry IV gave Ulrich insignia of rank and banner (vexillum) for their reign in the duchy.
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