Through its use of cuts the game excludes much of the physical traversal that's usually required in video games, traversal that can often dilute dramatic impact.
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Use your unique traversal abilities to get the best shot possible.
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The basics of the game — combat and traversal — have never felt so good.
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On Sunday, Jeffrey Solow begins a traversal of Bach's cello suites, complete with commentaries.
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It's a genuine, if highly selective and jumpy, traversal of a passionately sustained career.
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They redid all of the traversal and combat animations for the two new leads.
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I guess it's equal parts combat and traversal/exploration, but it's a lot of combat.
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But Death Stranding seems uniquely interested in the mechanical complexity of traversal across open spaces.
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This first traversal was one of the greatest and most courageous passages in human prehistory.
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There are also some sharp, new ideas in addition to the deeper combat and traversal abilities.
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A similar local file path traversal bug was revealed Tuesday in Electronic Arts' Origin gaming client.
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Like the removal of 'cut' trees, this was to help with HM-less open-world traversal.
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A ship's commanding officer, navigator or executive officer is often on the bridge during the traversal.
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Snake Pass's is this singular slither, entirely unlike any other means of traversal I've ever (memorably) experienced.
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The group's traversal of the Five Movements by the master miniaturist Webern here is very fine, too.
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Hewitt concludes the third season of her four-year traversal of Bach's keyboard works with these two concerts.
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While it's true that legged movement is an excellent traversal system, bipedal legs aren't necessarily the most efficient version.
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Exploration and traversal are my favorite things to do as a player, so those "gotta find it all" moments came naturally.
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There's a great deal of Batman brawling mixed into its DNA, along with the traversal that Insomniac Games perfected with Sunset Overdrive.
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"We were really inspired and devoted by the idea that traversal is everything in a competitive game," said level designer WT Greer.
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Tallnecks are sort of like the eagle towers in Assassin's Creed in that reaching the top of one is a traversal puzzle.
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Lara's got some new skills, which while dangerously overloading the buttons of a PS4 controller, make for new exploration and traversal challenges.
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Each subclass in the game — Titan, Warlock, or Hunter — moves differently, and the armor you wear can also change how traversal works.
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I then would have to choose between Thomas Demenga's traversal of the cello suites and Kim Kashkashian's rendition of them on viola.
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But the traversal by Mr. Bostridge and Mr. Adès best delivered the emotional sucker punch that Schubert somehow manages to make so cathartic.
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The gameplay has just enough variety to keep things interesting, with layouts that never linger too long on any one type of traversal.
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Cappy also changes up traversal: if you toss the hat in front of you, it can double as a platform to reach new areas.
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Use the environment to your advantage as well, since traversal attacks — transitioning into a punch from a wall run, for example — always deal more damage.
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These traversal sequences are absolutely essential to the game's sense of living in a vibrant world that reacts in surprising ways to the player's choices.
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The "crevice traversal" apparatus tested the cockroach's movement in small horizontal spaces, while the "confined-space crawling" apparatus tested their movements in small vertical spaces.
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But as it was, Barenboim's epic Bruckner traversal ended with the horns holding a radiant but scarily fragile note for what seems like an eternity.
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Are we too far gone, in our numb, medicated stagnancy, for that eureka moment of traversal and confrontation pictured in the Hollywood endings of psychoanalysis?
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Not content with hosting Angela Hewitt's ongoing survey of Bach, the 21800Y now kicks off a complete traversal of Brahms's piano works in Ohlsson's safe hands.
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It made traversal and exploration key gameplay features, and really effectively taught players how to excel at this style of game, without requiring any explicit tutorializing.
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In addition to the usual methods of traversal — foot, horse, and fast travel — Link now also has the ability to climb nearly every surface you come across.
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And here's where I've landed: From the game's combat design, to its traversal and stealth mechanics, and through its narrative themes, this is a game about clashing.
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With an action-packed combat system, unrivaled traversal mechanics, and a great story to boot, Marvel's Spider-Man is a game you simply cannot miss — so don't.
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At a certain point in a complete musical traversal — of all Shostakovich's string quartets, say, or all nine Beethoven symphonies — you inevitably reach the less popular works.
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While I love good, satisfying traversal mechanics, they need to be set in a space that I want to look at, listen to, and poke around in.
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Likewise, its gameplay takes on a starkly contrasted duality, the majority of which is composed of pretty peaceful traversal intermixed with intense and mind-bending action sequences.
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Things that players have come to accept as default parts of the Pokémon experience, including Gyms and terrain traversal, are either fundamentally changed or not present at all.
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By bridging the gaps between puzzle scenarios with pixel-perfect traversal, marauding thieves, and a handful of enemies, Raiders becomes something deeper than nearly any of its contemporaries.
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As the game progresses, the way you move around the world changes too, and the further you get from Consolidated's world of interstates the easier that traversal gets.
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Look for answers in Daniel Barenboim's coming cycle with the Staatskapelle Berlin at Carnegie Hall, a landmark traversal of the nine numbered symphonies over nine concerts between Jan.
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ANTHONY TOMMASINI Mr. Trifonov has justly rocketed to New York omnipresence, and has become a fixture at the Philharmonic, including a memorable traversal of Rachmaninoff's concertos in 2015.
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The setting is quite a bit different than what players might anticipate from the studio, and the fast traversal by grappling hook drastically changes the pace of the action.
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A platformer with unique "warping" traversal mechanics (and a soulsike progression system), and dodge-heavy combat that relied on zipping the protagonist around intelligently, Dandara felt special and different.
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He's got his long jump back, too, FYI, which leads to him rolling into a ball on landing—great for swift traversal of downhill areas (oh hi, speed-runners).
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Finally, the mission kicks off in earnest and you run through a gauntlet of arenas, traversal challenges, and spectacle-filled cutscenes on your way to a big boss encounter.
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Amid gloomy political threats about building walls and closing borders, the opera's traversal of geographical, cultural and emotional boundaries—and the embracing of a faraway "other"—feels timely once more.
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The traversal system — in which players use suit jetpacks to travel beyond what remains of human civilization — gives it an interesting edge on fellow third-person titles like The Division.
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Thankfully, Spider-Man manages to tackle those questions in an Arkham-like manner, while still carrying forward the focus on traversal that has made some past Spider-Man games so memorable.
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As so many nature documentaries have proven, botanical images start to feel like alien landscapes in extreme closeup—and the automobiles captured in the clip provide images of traversal among them.
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The shift to one-button traversal makes getting around the world a breeze, and the more involved combat mechanics really force you to consider your movement and positioning in every encounter.
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The combat — while updated with more vertical traversal, new enemy types, and more strategic options and customization — remains at its core the minimalist, panic-inducing, horribly intimate scuffles from the first.
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The assassinations feel like stealth missions in any other open-world game, and since I spent most of the game on horseback, the parkour traversal wasn't a huge part of the experience.
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Amid its plentiful dance (choreographed by Lynn Mancinelli) and swift traversal of dozens of songs, it may take a while to notice that you're still not sure who all of the characters are.
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It has spaceships, for one thing, an inclusion that makes any game better, as well as interesting zero-gravity arenas that will let players make use of new traversal tools like grappling hooks.
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The players have situated Crawford's piece within a broader traversal of the American string quartet, connecting her work to later giants like Elliott Carter and contemporary composers including Erin Gee and Natacha Diels.
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Good Sonic games offered sprawling spaces that could be covered in blazing fast speed, or pored over for secrets, especially once characters with different traversal abilities, like Tails and Knuckles, entered the mix.
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The video documents Allen's traversal of back alleys to find phone shells, finding a shop to put together a screen assembly from the dispute components, and his efforts to source a working logic board.
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"Confrontations" features letters from the director's grandmother, tracing her traversal from Brazil to Fredericksburg, Iowa; each of which is read aloud in their original Portuguese while an English translation crawls seductively across the screen.
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I think it's a phenomenal piece of game design—particularly in the mechanics related to traversal, with running, jumping, climbing, gliding, swimming all making for a game that plays like a fantastic 3D platformer.
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From the very beginning of Sonic's development, its makers at Sega's AM8 department—later renamed Sonic Team—placed their gameplay emphasis on speedy traversal, while the character design aimed to mix approachability and aggression.
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That influence has since waned, but this is no deterrent to the conductor Julian Wachner, whose annual "Time's Arrow" festival, at Trinity Church Wall Street, is mounting a two-season traversal of Webern's complete works.
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In what appears to be a game of maximal frustration, the player is going to be flailing the hammer around a lot in an attempt to garner some marginal benefit to their mountain traversal abilities.
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There's a light sprinkling of combat and a lot of environmental exploration and traversal, and the first two missions felt well-paced, combining all of these mechanics with a city map that feels appropriately formidable.
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One of the hallmarks of the Just Cause series (aside from the massive, fiery explosions of large swaths of infrastructure) is the huge option for traversal that is offered, and Just Cause 4 is no exception.
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In this almost-two-hour video, he dives deep into Breath of the Wild, including the aspects that worked well for him—the world, the implicit player-created stories, the exploration and traversal, and those that don't.
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The plot of Observer largely takes place in the various parts of a run-down apartment building, and during our traversal of that building we see two characters over and over again: a cleaning bot and a janitor.
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From those humble beginnings, the level adds new ways of splashing your guts on the canyon walls until you are feverishly firing from barrel to barrel, timing your traversal perfectly to avoid lines of swinging bombs hanging seemingly everywhere.
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Directed and written by Seattle-based filmmaker Daniel Brown, it sees the melodic single soundtrack a black-and-white, starkly shot traversal of human history, featuring an astronaut, ancient warriors in battle, a Molotov cocktail-wielding protester, and more.
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Systems with three traverses—also called T3-systems—are capable of learning from mistakes and storing their past experiences in an abstract form, which can be used in a more efficient and adaptive way than in two-traversal systems.
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Lara's gravity-defying traversal abilities have expanded to include rappelling and climbing nearly upside down on overhangs, both of which help the exploration sections feel a little more off the rails without substantially altering that basic fact of the game's design.
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I wish it wasn't such a product of the Ubisoft Open World Monoculture, and I wish it had pushed to add more friction from things like fatigue and and traversal, but it still gave me some incredibly tense, unforgettable gunfights.
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"Radical" is the most overused word in artspeak, but there isn't a more concise term to describe the material and spiritual break represented by the traversal from canvas to paper, and for Spero, the change wasn't evolutionary, but deliberate and decisive.
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We got word yesterday that the crowdfunded LightSail 2 spacecraft had successfully deployed its Mylar solar sail, a large sheet of reflective material that will harness the minute power of photons bouncing off its surface to make an energy-efficient traversal through space.
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DAVID ALLEN AT 22011 MINUTES 25 SECONDS In Ms. Argerich's towering early traversal of Chopin's Sonata No. 303, the Largo stands out, beginning stonily then receding into almost dissolving dreaminess, and on from there in great tidal waves of approach and release.
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On the group's beguiling debut album, "Not Two," released last year, Mr. ElSaffar's trumpet flutters above a weave of plucked strings and assorted percussion (the American drum kit, the Indian mridangam, the Egyptian dumbek), creating an illusion of endless development and broad traversal.
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A final welcome change is that a lot of terrain traversal that was previously unlocked via HMs, which bogged down your Pokémon with not-so-great moves that were hard to delete on demand is now handled via Pokémon you can ride whenever you want.
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Yooka is a chameleon with the ability to camouflage against the environment and curl up into a faster-traversal-enabling ball; and Laylee is a bat that can use sonar to aid exploration and combat and, obviously, her wings to provide the pair with aerial mobility.
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Torn on a Saturday evening, I chose to hear the conductor Cornelius Meister's brilliant program rather than the pianist Igor Levit's, because I'd been able to catch Mr. Levit's other solo concert, a trance-like traversal of all 24 of Shostakovich's Preludes and Fugues, three nights before.
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Researchers at the United States Army Research lab and the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University are developing a new technique that teaches robots new traversal patterns that allow them to navigate autonomously in environments while carrying out missions humans expect of them with minimal oversight, reports Science Daily.
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Showcased in the trailer were some of Insomniac's three key focuses for gameplay: the acrobatic, combo-based combat, the variety of gadgets that players will have at their disposal, and of course, the web-swinging, which looks to leverage Insomniac's skills from games like Sunset Overdrive for a thrilling traversal mechanic.
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In 2012, a highlight of his Bach Project, when he played the composer's major works on tour (and from memory), was his probing, vibrant and beautiful traversal of both books of the Well-Tempered Klavier at the 92nd Street Y. For me, he is also the go-to pianist for Bartok.
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Games journalist Arthur Gies, writing in the review for Polygon, explained: It's debatable whether or not Zelda as a series has been in a rut, and for how long, but it's almost certainly fallen into a predictable pattern: an overworld with dungeons that offer items, which in turn allow access to new dungeons and means of traversal.
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Klein is to be thanked for offering a detailed traversal of all of Matisse's numerous efforts in both decorative painting and the decorative arts, ranging from well-known efforts such as his murals for the Barnes Foundation in Pennsylvania or the Chapel of the Rosary in Vence, to those that are hardly known except to specialists, starting with a commission for a unified decorative scheme for an uncle as early as 1896, to a stained glass window made for the publisher Tériade in 1951, as well as one for his son Pierre, in 1954.
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External memory graph traversal is a type of graph traversal optimized for accessing externally stored memory.
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Traversal of a doubly linked list can be in either direction. In fact, the direction of traversal can change many times, if desired. Traversal is often called iteration, but that choice of terminology is unfortunate, for iteration has well-defined semantics (e.g., in mathematics) which are not analogous to traversal.
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The above Gremlin-Java8 traversal is ultimately compiled down to a step sequence called a traversal. A string representation of the traversal above provided below. [GraphStep([],vertex)@[a], VertexStep(OUT,[knows],vertex)@[b], SelectStep([a, b],[value(name), value(age)])] The steps are the primitives of the Gremlin graph traversal machine. They are the parameterized instructions that the machine ultimately executes.
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Traversal counts measure the significance of a link. The literature discusses several types of traversal counts, including search path count (SPC), search path link count (SPLC), search path node pair (SPNP), and other variations. All these traversal counts will be noted as SPX. Figure 2.
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The NAT traversal problem arises when peers behind different NATs try to communicate. One way to solve this problem is to use port forwarding. Another way is to use various NAT traversal techniques. The most popular technique for TCP NAT traversal is TCP hole punching.
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In computer science, graph traversal (also known as graph search) refers to the process of visiting (checking and/or updating) each vertex in a graph. Such traversals are classified by the order in which the vertices are visited. Tree traversal is a special case of graph traversal.
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Main path analysis operates in two steps. The first step obtains the traversal counts of each link in a citation network. Several types of traversal counts are mentioned in the literature. The second step searches for the main paths by linking the significant links according to the size of traversal counts.
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A third strategy is to print out the operator first and then recursively print out the left and right subtree known as pre-order traversal. These three standard depth-first traversals are representations of the three different expression formats: infix, postfix, and prefix. An infix expression is produced by the inorder traversal, a postfix expression is produced by the post-order traversal, and a prefix expression is produced by the pre-order traversal.
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An algebraic expression can be produced from a binary expression tree by recursively producing a parenthesized left expression, then printing out the operator at the root, and finally recursively producing a parenthesized right expression. This general strategy (left, node, right) is known as an in-order traversal. An alternate traversal strategy is to recursively print out the left subtree, the right subtree, and then the operator. This traversal strategy is generally known as post-order traversal.
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Main path analysis is implemented in Pajek, a widely used social network analysis software written by Vladimir Batagelj and Andrej Mrvar of University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. To run main path analysis in Pajek, one needs to first prepare a citation network and have Pajek reads in the network. Next, in the Pajek main menu, computes the traversal counts of all links in the network applying one of the following command sequences (depending on the choice of traversal counts). Network → Acyclic Network → Create Weighted Network + Vector → Traversal Weights → Search Path Link Count (SPC), or Network → Acyclic Network → Create Weighted Network + Vector → Traversal Weights → Search Path Link Count (SPLC), or Network → Acyclic Network → Create Weighted Network + Vector → Traversal Weights → Search Path Node Pairs (SPNP) After traversal counts are computed, the following command sequences find the main paths.
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Pearson Education India. p. 492-493 Tunnel mode supports NAT traversal.
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The following traversal is a Gremlin traversal in the Gremlin-Java8 dialect. g.V().as("a").out("knows").as("b"). select("a","b"). by("name"). by("age") The Gremlin language (i.e. the fluent-style of expressing a graph traversal) can be represented in any host language that supports function composition and function nesting. Due to this simple requirement, there exists various Gremlin dialects including Gremlin-Groovy, Gremlin-Scala, Gremlin-Clojure, etc.
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Graph traversal is a subroutine in most graph algorithms. The goal of a graph traversal algorithm is to visit (and / or process) every node of a graph. Graph traversal algorithms, like breadth-first search and depth-first search, are analyzed using the von Neumann model, which assumes uniform memory access cost. This view neglects the fact, that for huge instances part of the graph resides on disk rather than internal memory.
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As a result, the methods used for NAT traversal are often proprietary and poorly documented. Many traversal techniques require assistance from servers outside of the masqueraded network. Some methods use the server only when establishing the connection, while others are based on relaying all data through it, which increases the bandwidth requirements and latency, detrimental to real-time voice and video communications. NAT traversal techniques usually bypass enterprise security policies.
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In computer science, a database cursor is a control structure that enables traversal over the records in a database. Cursors facilitate subsequent processing in conjunction with the traversal, such as retrieval, addition and removal of database records. The database cursor characteristic of traversal makes cursors akin to the programming language concept of iterator. Cursors are used by database programmers to process individual rows returned by database system queries.
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A loop counter, however, only provides the traversal functionality and not the element access functionality.
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A universal traversal sequence is a sequence of instructions comprising a graph traversal for any regular graph with a set number of vertices and for any starting vertex. A probabilistic proof was used by Aleliunas et al. to show that there exists a universal traversal sequence with number of instructions proportional to for any regular graph with n vertices. The steps specified in the sequence are relative to the current node, not absolute.
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Network address translation traversal is a computer networking technique of establishing and maintaining Internet protocol connections across gateways that implement network address translation (NAT). NAT traversal techniques are required for many network applications, such as peer-to-peer file sharing and Voice over IP.
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RemoteVNC is a fork of the TightVNC project and adds automatic traversal of NAT and firewalls using Jingle.
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Once the binary search tree has been created, its elements can be retrieved in-order by recursively traversing the left subtree of the root node, accessing the node itself, then recursively traversing the right subtree of the node, continuing this pattern with each node in the tree as it's recursively accessed. As with all binary trees, one may conduct a pre-order traversal or a post-order traversal, but neither are likely to be useful for binary search trees. An in-order traversal of a binary search tree will always result in a sorted list of node items (numbers, strings or other comparable items). The code for in-order traversal in Python is given below.
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BVHs are often used in ray tracing to eliminate potential intersection candidates within a scene by omitting geometric objects located in bounding volumes which are not intersected by the current ray.Johannes Günther, Stefan Popov, Hans-Peter Seidel and Philipp Slusallek, Realtime Ray Tracing on GPU with BVH-based Packet Traversal Additionally, as common performance optimization, when only closest intersection of the ray is of interest, as the ray tracing traversal algorithm is descending nodes, and multiple child nodes are intersecting the ray, traversal algorithm will consider the closer volume first, and if it finds intersection there, which is definitively closer than any possible intersection in second (or other) volume (i.e. volumes are non-overlapping), it can safely ignore the second volume. Similar optimizations during BVH traversal can be employed when descending into child volumes of the second volume, to restrict further search space and thus reduce traversal time.
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When the clockwise traversal reaches the starting point, the algorithm returns the sequence of stack vertices as the hull.
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The Gremlin instruction set is approximately 30 steps. These steps are sufficient to provide general purpose computing and what is typically required to express the common motifs of any graph traversal query. Given that Gremlin is a language, an instruction set, and a virtual machine, it is possible to design another traversal language that compiles to the Gremlin traversal machine (analogous to how Scala compiles to the JVM). For instance, the popular SPARQL graph pattern match language can be compiled to execute on the Gremlin machine.
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The Generic Zipper is a technique to achieve the same goal as the conventional zipper by capturing the state of the traversal in a continuation while visiting each node. (The Haskell code given in the reference uses generic programming to generate a traversal function for any data structure, but this is optional – any suitable traversal function can be used.) However, the Generic Zipper involves inversion of control, so some uses of it require a state machine (or equivalent) to keep track of what to do next.
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Likewise, the Gremlin traversal machine is to graph computing as what the Java virtual machine is to general purpose computing.
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Since accessing the disk is magnitudes slower than accessing internal memory, the need for efficient traversal of external memory exists.
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Unlike tree traversal, graph traversal may require that some vertices be visited more than once, since it is not necessarily known before transitioning to a vertex that it has already been explored. As graphs become more dense, this redundancy becomes more prevalent, causing computation time to increase; as graphs become more sparse, the opposite holds true. Thus, it is usually necessary to remember which vertices have already been explored by the algorithm, so that vertices are revisited as infrequently as possible (or in the worst case, to prevent the traversal from continuing indefinitely). This may be accomplished by associating each vertex of the graph with a "color" or "visitation" state during the traversal, which is then checked and updated as the algorithm visits each vertex.
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The use of archive formats like zip allows for directory traversal attacks: files in the archive can be written such that they overwrite files on the filesystem by backtracking. Code that uncompresses archive files can be written to check that the paths of the files in the archive do not engage in path traversal.
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Network address translation is implemented via a number of different address and port mapping schemes, none of which is standardized. STUN is not a self-contained NAT traversal solution applicable in all NAT deployment scenarios and does not work correctly with all of them. It is a tool among other methods and it is a tool for other protocols in dealing with NAT traversal, most notably Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN) and Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE). STUN does work with three types of NAT: full cone NAT, restricted cone NAT, and port restricted cone NAT.
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A directory traversal (or path traversal) consists in exploiting insufficient security validation / sanitization of user-supplied input file names, such that characters representing "traverse to parent directory" are passed through to the file APIs. The goal of this attack is to use an affected application to gain unauthorized access to the file system. This attack exploits a lack of security (the software is acting exactly as it is supposed to) as opposed to exploiting a bug in the code. Directory traversal is also known as the `../` (dot dot slash) attack, directory climbing, and backtracking.
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Load-balancing for neighbor discovering. Because there is a barrier synchronization after each layer-traversal, every processing entity must wait until the last of them finish its work. Therefore, the parallel entity which has the most neighbors decides the time consumption of this layer. With the optimization of load-balancing, the time of layer-traversal can be reduced. 3\.
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However, the first recording of a version of this piece was by France Clidat in her traversal of Liszt's works for Decca.
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As this is a non-recursive method for traversal, it has to be an iterative procedure; meaning, all the steps for the traversal of a node have to be under a loop so that the same can be applied to all the nodes in the tree. We will consider the IN-ORDER traversal again. Here, for every node, we'll visit the left sub-tree (if it exists) first (if and only if we haven't visited it earlier); then we visit (i.e. print its value, in our case) the node itself and then the right sub-tree (if it exists).
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The first and last nodes of a doubly linked list are immediately accessible (i.e., accessible without traversal, and usually called head and tail) and therefore allow traversal of the list from the beginning or end of the list, respectively: e.g., traversing the list from beginning to end, or from end to beginning, in a search of the list for a node with specific data value. Any node of a doubly linked list, once obtained, can be used to begin a new traversal of the list, in either direction (towards beginning or end), from the given node.
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However, ALG does not work if the control channel is encrypted (e.g. FTPS). Another possible solution to this problem is to use NAT traversal techniques using protocols such as STUN or ICE, or proprietary approaches in a session border controller. NAT traversal is possible in both TCP- and UDP-based applications, but the UDP- based technique is simpler, more widely understood, and more compatible with legacy NATs. In either case, the high-level protocol must be designed with NAT traversal in mind, and it does not work reliably across symmetric NATs or other poorly behaved legacy NATs.
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Contrasting with depth- first order is breadth-first order, which always attempts to visit the node closest to the root that it has not already visited. See breadth-first search for more information. Also called a level-order traversal. In a complete binary tree, a node's breadth-index (i − (2d − 1)) can be used as traversal instructions from the root.
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Also, listed below is pseudocode for a simple queue based level-order traversal, and will require space proportional to the maximum number of nodes at a given depth. This can be as much as the total number of nodes / 2. A more space-efficient approach for this type of traversal can be implemented using an iterative deepening depth-first search. levelorder(root) q ← empty queue q.
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We must therefore be content to call it a stationarity. Having established that a path of stationary traversal time is reinforced by a maximally wide corridor of neighboring paths, we still need to explain how this reinforcement corresponds to intuitive notions of a ray. But, for brevity in the explanations, let us first define a ray path as a path of stationary traversal time.
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TCP NAT traversal and TCP hole punching (sometimes NAT punch-through) occurs when two hosts behind a network address translation (NAT) are trying to connect to each other with outbound TCP connections. Such a scenario is particularly important in the case of peer-to-peer communications, such as Voice-over-IP (VoIP), file sharing, teleconferencing, chat systems and similar applications. TCP hole punching is an experimentally used NAT traversal technique for establishing a TCP connection between two peers behind a NAT device in an Internet computer network. NAT traversal is a general term for techniques that establish and maintain TCP/IP network and/or TCP connections traversing NAT gateways.
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The most obvious example of a stationarity in traversal time is a (local or global) minimum -- that is, a path of least time, as in the "strong" form of Fermat's principle. But that condition is not essential to the argument.If a ray is reflected off a sufficiently concave surface, the point of reflection is such that the total traversal time is a local maximum, provided that the paths to and from the point of reflection, considered separately, are required to be possible ray paths. But Fermat's principle imposes no such restriction; and without that restriction it is always possible to vary the overall path so as to increase its traversal time.
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Again, this can be approximated by choosing the first k points of a farthest- first traversal. If r denotes the distance of the kth point from all previous points, then every point of the metric space or the candidate set is within distance r of the first k − 1 points. By the pigeonhole principle, some two points of the optimal solution (whatever it is) must both be within distance r of the same point among these first k − 1 chosen points, and (by the triangle inequality) within distance 2r of each other. Therefore, the heuristic solution given by the farthest-first traversal is within a factor of two of optimal.. White credits the use of the farthest-first traversal as a heuristic for this problem to ... Other applications of the farthest-first traversal include color quantization (clustering the colors in an image to a smaller set of representative colors),.
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However, after the traversal of the association, if some property of the target instance's definition is accessed, such as an operation or attribute, a dependency is created.
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Piche is recognised as the creator of the STUN, TURN, and ICE, NAT traversal protocols which enable peer-to-peer networking, file sharing, and Voice over IP.
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A shorter URL such as "/page/science" tends to exist by default as that is simply a shorter form of the longer traversal to "/page/science/physics".
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Relationships can also have properties. This is useful in providing additional metadata and semantics to relationships of the nodes. Direct storage of relationships allows a constant-time traversal.
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Pre-order, in-order, and post-order traversal visit each node in a tree by recursively visiting each node in the left and right subtrees of the root.
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Quoted in Ewen, 519–20. The first recording of this piece was by France Clidat in her traversal of Liszt's works for Decca.Liner notes to the France Clidat recordings.
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S.H.E.L.D.O.N.: Build an image processing robot capable of detecting characters, using an overhead camera and traversing them such that the equation generated by the traversal fulfills a certain condition.
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Graph traversal is a technique for finding solutions to problems that can be represented as graphs. This approach is broad, and includes depth- first search, breadth-first search, tree traversal, and many specific variations that may include local optimizations and excluding search spaces that can be determined to be non-optimum or not possible. These techniques may be used to solve a variety of problems including shortest path and constraint satisfaction problems.
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In computer science, tree traversal (also known as tree search and walking the tree) is a form of graph traversal and refers to the process of visiting (checking and/or updating) each node in a tree data structure, exactly once. Such traversals are classified by the order in which the nodes are visited. The following algorithms are described for a binary tree, but they may be generalized to other trees as well.
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ICE provides a framework with which a communicating peer may discover and communicate its public IP address so that it can be reached by other peers. Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) is a standardized protocol for such address discovery including NAT classification. Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) places a third-party server to relay messages between two clients when direct media traffic between peers is not allowed by a firewall.
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Interactive connectivity establishment (ICE): a protocol for network address translator (NAT) traversal for offer/answer protocols. IETF. RFC 5245 Which solution to use depends on the behavior of the NAT and the call scenario. When using an SBC to solve the NAT traversal issues the most common approach for SBC is to act as the public interface of the user agents.Hautakorpi, J.; Camarillo, G.; Penfield, R.; Hawrylyshen, A.; Bhatia, M. (April 2010).
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Internal iterators are higher order functions (often taking anonymous functions) such as map, reduce etc., implementing the traversal across a container, applying the given function to every element in turn.
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For this non-rigid behaviour of the rod to become apparent, both the rod itself and the grate must be of such a scale that the traversal time is measurable.
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In December 2019 a security problem was detected An issue was discovered in Citrix Application Delivery Controller (ADC) and Gateway 10.5, 11.1, 12.0, 12.1, and 13.0. They allow Directory Traversal.
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RSIP should be useful for NAT traversal as an IETF standard alternative to Universal Plug and Play (UPnP). , the protocol was in the experimental stage and not yet in widespread use.
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Every tree has queue number 1, with a vertex ordering given by a breadth-first traversal., Proposition 4.1. Pseudoforests and grid graphs also have queue number 1., Propositions 4.2 and 4.3.
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A threaded binary tree is defined as follows: > "A binary tree is threaded by making all right child pointers that would > normally be null point to the in-order successor of the node (if it exists), > and all left child pointers that would normally be null point to the in- > order predecessor of the node."Van Wyk, Christopher J. _Data Structures and > C Programs_ , Addison-Wesley, 1988, p. 175. . This definition assumes the traversal order is the same as in-order traversal of the tree. However, pointers can instead (or in addition) be added to tree nodes, rather than replacing linked lists thus defined are also commonly called "threads", and can be used to enable traversal in any order(s) desired.
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The join-based algorithms can be applied to at least four balancing schemes: AVL trees, red-black trees, weight- balanced trees and treaps. The join(L,k,R) operation takes as input two binary balanced trees L and R of the same balancing scheme, and a key k, and outputs a new balanced binary tree t whose in-order traversal is the in-order traversal of L, then k then the in-order traversal of R. In particular, if the trees are search trees, which means that the in-order of the trees maintain a total ordering on keys, it must satisfy the condition that all keys in L are smaller than k and all keys in R are greater than k.
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Major factors in designing a search engine's architecture include: ; Merge factors : How data enters the index, or how words or subject features are added to the index during text corpus traversal, and whether multiple indexers can work asynchronously. The indexer must first check whether it is updating old content or adding new content. Traversal typically correlates to the data collection policy. Search engine index merging is similar in concept to the SQL Merge command and other merge algorithms.
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The long range batteries of and guns included ten batteries with six 10 inch batteries and four 6 inch batteries, with one more under construction. The basic shape of the batteries is four guns in a row protected from the front by a concrete parapet of approximately thick with traversal walls between the gun positions. The batteries had no rear protection. Shelter for crew and ammunition cellars were built into and under the front parapet and the traversal walls.
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The rapid traversal of a familiar maze depends on this kind of mental map if scents or other markers laid down by the subject are eliminated before the maze is re- run.
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Both the traversal strategy and the adaptive visitor use only a minimal set of classes that participate in the operation, and the information about the connections between these classes is abstracted out.
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The Gremlin graph traversal machine can execute on a single machine or across a multi-machine compute cluster. Execution agnosticism allows Gremlin to run over both graph databases (OLTP) and graph processors (OLAP).
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For example, a tree whose nodes represent information about people might be sorted by name, but have extra threads allowing quick traversal in order of birth date, weight, or any other known characteristic.
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For each vertex we store the list of adjacencies (out-edges) in order of the planarity of the graph (for example, clockwise with respect to the graph's embedding). We then initialize a counter i = n + 1 and begin a Depth-First Traversal from s. During this traversal, the adjacency list of each vertex is visited from left-to-right as needed. As vertices are popped from the traversal's stack, they are labelled with the value i, and i is then decremented.
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Therefore, STUN by itself cannot provide a complete solution for NAT traversal. A complete solution requires a means by which a client can obtain a transport address from which it can receive media from any peer which can send packets to the public Internet. This can only be accomplished by relaying data through a server that resides on the public Internet. Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN) is a protocol that allows a client to obtain IP addresses and ports from such a relay.
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The traversal maps constitute a partial unary algebra that forms a basis for representing trees as linked data structures. At least conceptually,there are parent links, sibling adjacency links, and first / last child links. This also applies to unordered trees in general, which can be observed on the dentry data structure in the Linux VFS. Similarly to the "V-S-H-L±" system of partial orders, there are pairs of traversal maps that uniquely determine the whole ordered tree structure.
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Let be a point on (as before), and a point on . And let and be given, so that the problem is to find . If satisfies Huygens' construction, so that the secondary wavefront from is tangential to at , then is a path of stationary traversal time from to . Adding the fixed time from to , we find that is the path of stationary traversal time from to (possibly with a restricted domain of comparison, as noted above), in accordance with Fermat's principle.
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Traversing a m-ary tree is very similar to binary tree traversal. The pre-order traversal goes to parent, left subtree and the right subtree, and for traversing post-order it goes by left subtree, right subtree, and parent node. For traversing in-order, since there are more than two children per node for m > 2, one must define the notion of left and right subtrees. One common method to establish left/right subtrees is to divide the list of children nodes into two groups.
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Traditional VPN systems require the user to ask the firewall's administrator of the company to open an endpoint (TCP or UDP port) on the firewall or NAT on the border between the company and the Internet. In order to reduce the necessity to open an endpoint on the firewall, SoftEther VPN Server has the NAT Traversal function. NAT Traversal is enabled by default. As long as it is enabled, SoftEther VPN Client computers can connect to your VPN Server behind the firewall or NAT.
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For example, if the current node is vj, and vj has d neighbors, then the traversal sequence will specify the next node to visit, vj+1, as the ith neighbor of vj, where 1 ≤ i ≤ d.
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For each vertex v in ascending DFS-numbers 1...n, traverse every backedge (i.e. every edge not in the DFS tree) that is incident to v and follow the path of tree-edges back to the root of T, stopping at the first vertex that is marked as visited. During such a traversal, every traversed vertex is marked as visited. Thus, a traversal stops at the latest at v and forms either a directed path or cycle, beginning with v; we call this path or cycle a chain.
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At larger doses (>~0.1 Gy) critical cells and cell components could receive more than one particle traversal, which is not reflective of the deep space environment for extended duration missions such as a mission to Mars. An alternative assumption would be if a tissue's micro-environment is modified by a long-range signaling effect or change to biochemistry, whereby a particle traversal to some cells modifies the response of other cells not traversed by particles. There is limited experimental evidence, especially for central nervous system effects, available to evaluate this alternative assumption.
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Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) is a protocol that assists in traversal of network address translators (NAT) or firewalls for multimedia applications. It may be used with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). It is most useful for clients on networks masqueraded by symmetric NAT devices. TURN does not aid in running servers on well known ports in the private network through a NAT; it supports the connection of a user behind a NAT to only a single peer, as in telephony, for example.
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The first use of the farthest-first traversal was by in connection with heuristics for the travelling salesman problem. In the farthest-insertion heuristic, discussed by Rosenkrantz et al., a tour is built up incrementally, by adding one point at a time in the ordering given by a farthest-first traversal. To add each point to the traveling salesman tour of the previous points, this heuristic considers all possible ways of breaking one edge of the tour and replacing it by two edges through the new point, and chooses the cheapest of these replacements.
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A new node is added to the a graph when a new website is published. The movement about the graphs nodes is modeled by choosing a start node at random, then performing a short and random traversal of the nodes, or random walk. This traversal is analogous to a user accessing a website, then following hyperlink t number of times, until the user either exits the page or accesses another site completely. Connections to other nodes in this graph are formed when outbound links are placed on the page.
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The game's combat and traversal elements were originally separate from each other, but were later connected as the team began to think that: "shooting while grinding was fun". The combination of these aspects led the studio to adjust the game's world design. The team calculated how the city should be designed so that it could support both combat and traversal. As a result, they ensured that the world was built in modular 4x4 blocks and that no surface featured an angle that was between 26 and 45 degrees.
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Cf. Fresnel, 1827, tr. Hobson, p.305. and by (ii), it is a path of stationary traversal time from a point on to .Cf. Fresnel, 1827, tr. Hobson, p.296. So Huygens' construction implicitly defines a ray path as a path of stationary traversal time between successive positions of a wavefront, the time being reckoned from a point- source on the earlier wavefront.If the time were reckoned from the earlier wavefront as a whole, that time would everywhere be exactly , and it would be meaningless to speak of a "stationary" or "least" time.
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In computer programming, a sentinel node is a specifically designated node used with linked lists and trees as a traversal path terminator. This type of node does not hold or reference any data managed by the data structure.
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Megacephalomana rivulosum is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae (owlet moths). It is found in Madagascar.afromoths.net Forewings, head and thorax of this species are violet-brown, hindwings and abdomen a little more greyish. It has 4 pale traversal lines.
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The Lurid Traversal of Route 7 is the first studio album by American post- hardcore band Hoover. The re-mastered CD includes 3 more songs (tracks 11-13). Vulture.com listed "Electrolux" as number 86 of the 100 greatest emo songs.
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The algorithm can be understood as identifying the strong component of a vertex u as the set of vertices which are reachable from u both by backwards and forwards traversal. Writing F(u) for the set of vertices reachable from u by forward traversal, B(u) for the set of vertices reachable from u by backwards traversal, and P(u) for the set of vertices which appear strictly before u on the list L after phase 2 of the algorithm, the strong component containing a vertex u appointed as root is : B(u) \cap F(u) = B(u) \setminus (B(u) \setminus F(u)) = B(u) \setminus P(u) . Set intersection is computationally costly, but it is logically equivalent to a double set difference, and since B(u) \setminus F(u) \subseteq P(u) it becomes sufficient to test whether a newly encountered element of B(u) has already been assigned to a component or not.
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Enterprise security experts prefer techniques that explicitly cooperate with NAT and firewalls, allowing NAT traversal while still enabling marshalling at the NAT to enforce enterprise security policies. IETF standards based on this security model are Realm-Specific IP (RSIP) and middlebox communications (MIDCOM).
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It is located in the Nefzaoua region on the road from Kébili to Tozeur, just east of the point where the road begins its traversal of the Chott el-Jerid. It is the administrative seat of a delegation of the same name.
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These "bystander" cells are neighbors of cells that have experienced a traversal. The mechanism for the bystander effect is believed to be due to cell-to-cell communication. The exact nature of this communication is an area of active research for many groups.
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Thus the stationary traversal time of the ray path is never a local maximum (cf. Born & Wolf, 1970, p.129n). But, as the case of the concave reflector shows, neither is it necessarily a local minimum. Hence it is not necessarily an extremum.
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In the CAD example, each save function would be implemented as a separate Visitor subclass. This would remove all duplication of type checks and traversal steps. It would also make the compiler complain if a shape is omitted. Another motive is to reuse iteration code.
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While traversal is usually done for trees with a finite number of nodes (and hence finite depth and finite branching factor) it can also be done for infinite trees. This is of particular interest in functional programming (particularly with lazy evaluation), as infinite data structures can often be easily defined and worked with, though they are not (strictly) evaluated, as this would take infinite time. Some finite trees are too large to represent explicitly, such as the game tree for chess or go, and so it is useful to analyze them as if they were infinite. A basic requirement for traversal is to visit every node eventually.
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Aleksandrov became attracted to alpinism under the influence of his advisor Boris Delaunay. In the summer of 1937, after defending his D.Sc., :…together with I. Chashnikov he makes a first climb to the Chotchi summit, and with K. Piskaryov performs a climb of Bu-Ul'gen via the western wall (one of the first wall climbs in the history of the Soviet alpinism). […] In 1940 he participates in a record-making traversal[…] He manages, almost by a miracle, to stop the fall of A. Gromov, who had fallen along with a snow shelf. It was with this traversal that Aleksandrov completed the alpinist sports master requirements.
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Recursion that only contains a single self-reference is known as ', while recursion that contains multiple self- references is known as '. Standard examples of single recursion include list traversal, such as in a linear search, or computing the factorial function, while standard examples of multiple recursion include tree traversal, such as in a depth-first search. Single recursion is often much more efficient than multiple recursion, and can generally be replaced by an iterative computation, running in linear time and requiring constant space. Multiple recursion, by contrast, may require exponential time and space, and is more fundamentally recursive, not being able to be replaced by iteration without an explicit stack.
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Multiply recursive problems are inherently recursive, because of prior state they need to track. One example is tree traversal as in depth-first search; though both recursive and iterative methods are used, they contrast with list traversal and linear search in a list, which is a singly recursive and thus naturally iterative method. Other examples include divide- and-conquer algorithms such as Quicksort, and functions such as the Ackermann function. All of these algorithms can be implemented iteratively with the help of an explicit stack, but the programmer effort involved in managing the stack, and the complexity of the resulting program, arguably outweigh any advantages of the iterative solution.
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To address this issue a number of rule-based and reasoning-based approaches have been applied to sentiment analysis, including defeasible logic programming. Also, there is a number of tree traversal rules applied to syntactic parse tree to extract the topicality of sentiment in open domain setting.
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There are also tree traversal algorithms that classify as neither depth-first search nor breadth-first search. One such algorithm is Monte Carlo tree search, which concentrates on analyzing the most promising moves, basing the expansion of the search tree on random sampling of the search space.
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In signal processing, the Kautz filter, named after William H. Kautz, is a fixed-pole traversal filter, published in 1954. Like Laguerre filters, Kautz filters can be implemented using a cascade of all-pass filters, with a one- pole lowpass filter at each tap between the all-pass sections.
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The first five steps of the farthest-first traversal of a planar point set. The first point is chosen arbitrarily and each successive point is as far as possible from all previously chosen points. In computational geometry, the farthest-first traversal of a bounded metric space is a sequence of points in the space, where the first point is selected arbitrarily and each successive point is as far as possible from the set of previously-selected points. The same concept can also be applied to a finite set of geometric points, by restricting the selected points to belong to the set or equivalently by considering the finite metric space generated by these points.
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Although Fenwick trees are trees in concept, in practice they are implemented as an implicit data structure using a flat array analogous to implementations of a binary heap. Given an index in the array representing a vertex, the index of a vertex's parent or child is calculated through bitwise operations on the binary representation of its index. Each element of the array contains the pre-calculated sum of a range of values, and by combining that sum with additional ranges encountered during an upward traversal to the root, the prefix sum is calculated. When a table value is modified, all range sums which contain the modified value are in turn modified during a similar traversal of the tree.
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This is known as top down design. Geometric shapes are often used in the diagram to aid interpretation and clarify meaning of the process or model. The geometric shapes are connected by lines to indicate association and direction/order of traversal. Each engineering discipline has their own meaning for each shape.
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Rendering is performed by a back-end Rendering Module. CEGUI provides modules for Direct3D, OpenGL, the OGRE 3D engine, and the Irrlicht Engine. Other modules can be written for custom engines. CEGUI's GUI components are organized in a tree (graph) and are rendered in the order of the tree traversal.
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Praise was particularly directed at its city design, traversal, and graphics, though it was criticized for its Karma system and camera. A stand-alone expansion titled Infamous: Festival of Blood was released on October 25, 2011. Infamous Second Son, a sequel for PlayStation 4, was released worldwide on March 21, 2014.
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The length of the English mainland is delineated by the distance between Land's End and Marshall Meadows Bay in Northumberland. The distance is by road or as the crow flies. The traversal of the length of England is sometimes used to define charity events such as walks and cycle-rides.
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Blasters, lances, bows, and spears perform well at a distance from the opponent, while katars and gauntlets are more effective up close. Rocket lance allows for quick traversal of the stage. Axes, cannons, greatswords, and hammers all do large amounts of damage. Swords, orbs, and scythes are fast and low damaging.
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Radix sorting can also be accomplished by building a trie (or radix tree) from the input set, and doing a pre-order traversal, keeping only the leaves' values. This is similar to the relationship between heapsort and the heap data structure. This can be useful for certain data types, see burstsort.
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However, in a connected outerplanar graph, the chromatic index is equal to the maximum degree except when the graph forms a cycle of odd length.. An edge coloring with an optimal number of colors can be found in linear time based on a breadth-first traversal of the weak dual tree.
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Mitrotsavam (Mitrolsavam, Mitra Ulsavam) is a Hindu festival worshipping the Sun god Surya, whose orderly traversal of the sky is ensured by Mitra-Varuna, the guardians of cosmic order () in Rig Veda 8.25.8 and elsewhere.THE CALL OF THE VEDAS by A C Bose, Bombay, Bhavan's Book University, 1970. 3rd edition.
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However, in other ways, they have different properties: for instance, the Stern–Brocot tree is a binary search tree: the left-to-right traversal order of the tree is the same as the numerical order of the numbers in it. This property is not true of the Calkin–Wilf tree.
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Delays over the CobraNet transmission medium itself are at least millisecondsCobraNet supports three latency modes: , and ms. See Latency for details. per network traversal. For some applications, these delays can be unacceptable – especially when combined with further delays resulting from propagation time, digital signal processing and the conversions between analog and digital.
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Most teams didn't earn any points in the task, leading to a competition average of 5.6. For comparison, the average Autonomous Traversal score in 2017 was 19.6, and seven teams scored 55 or higher, including one 100. This, along with a nearly perfect Science Cache score, pulled BYU up to 5th place.
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A similar conversion between run-length-encoded binary numbers and continued fractions can also be used to evaluate Minkowski's question mark function; however, in the Calkin–Wilf tree the binary numbers are integers (positions in the breadth-first traversal) while in the question mark function they are real numbers between 0 and 1.
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Routers and switches do not typically examine the encapsulated traffic, rather they just provide a conduit for it. However, some firewall and bandwidth throttling applications must interpret application data. An example is the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP). It is also sometimes necessary for network address translator (NAT) traversal to consider the application payload.
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Thus, Gonzalez's heuristic gives an approximation ratio of 2 for this problem. This heuristic, and the name "farthest-first traversal", are often incorrectly attributed to a different paper from the same time, . However, Hochbaum and Shmoys used graph- theoretic techniques, not the farthest-first traversal, to obtain a different approximation algorithm for the metric k-center with the same approximation ratio as Gonzalez's heuristic.. For both the min-max diameter clustering problem and the metric k-center problem, these approximations are optimal: the existence of a polynomial-time heuristic with any constant approximation ratio less than 2 would imply that P = NP. As well as for clustering, the farthest- first traversal can also be used in another type of facility location problem, the max-min facility dispersion problem, in which the goal is to choose the locations of k different facilities so that they are as far apart from each other as possible. More precisely, the goal in this problem is to choose k points from a given metric space or a given set of candidate points, in such a way as to maximize the minimum pairwise distance between the selected points.
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Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) is a standardized set of methods, including a network protocol, for traversal of network address translator (NAT) gateways in applications of real-time voice, video, messaging, and other interactive communications. STUN is a tool used by other protocols, such as Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE), the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), and WebRTC. It provides a tool for hosts to discover the presence of a network address translator, and to discover the mapped, usually public, Internet Protocol (IP) address and port number that the NAT has allocated for the application's User Datagram Protocol (UDP) flows to remote hosts. The protocol requires assistance from a third-party network server (STUN server) located on the opposing (public) side of the NAT, usually the public Internet.
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A file inclusion vulnerability is a type of web vulnerability that is most commonly found to affect web applications that rely on a scripting run time. This issue is caused when an application builds a path to executable code using an attacker-controlled variable in a way that allows the attacker to control which file is executed at run time. A file include vulnerability is distinct from a generic directory traversal attack, in that directory traversal is a way of gaining unauthorized file system access, and a file inclusion vulnerability subverts how an application loads code for execution. Successful exploitation of a file inclusion vulnerability will result in remote code execution on the web server that runs the affected web application.
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There are a couple of solutions to this problem: one is to use TLS, which operates at level 4 in the OSI Reference Model and therefore does not mask the port number; another is to encapsulate the IPsec within UDP – the latter being the solution chosen by TISPAN to achieve secure NAT traversal, or a NAT with "IPsec Passthru" support. Interactive Connectivity Establishment is a NAT traversal technique that does not rely on ALG support. The DNS protocol vulnerability announced by Dan Kaminsky on July 8, 2008 is indirectly affected by NAT port mapping. To avoid DNS server cache poisoning, it is highly desirable not to translate UDP source port numbers of outgoing DNS requests from a DNS server behind a firewall that implements NAT.
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He had been into the Old Forest "several times", and he had a key to the gate. On Merry's advice, Frodo Baggins (the bearer of the One Ring) decided to attempt a traversal of the dreadful forest in order to evade the pursuit of Black Riders: the forest was considered the lesser of two evils.
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S. Bespamyatnikh and M. Segal give a description of an efficient implementation of the algorithm, incurring no additional asymptotic cost over the sorting one (as the back-pointers storage, creation and traversal require linear time and space). They further show how to report all the longest increasing subsequences from the same resulting data structures.
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It was also ridden by Guinness World Record motorcycle endurance holder Simon Newbound. Kevin Sanders and his wife Julia rode the R1150GS for their Guinness World Record for the fastest world circumnavigation by motorcycle in 2002. They also rode the R1150GS Adventure for their record- breaking traversal of the Pan-American Highway in 2003.
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Once the data are sorted into this ordering, any one-dimensional data structure can be used such as binary search trees, B-trees, skip lists or (with low significant bits truncated) hash tables. The resulting ordering can equivalently be described as the order one would get from a depth-first traversal of a quadtree.
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It authenticates and registers user agents, such as VoIP devices and softphones, and routes SIP sessions between user agents. Brekeke Software, Inc. has developed two versions of this software: Standard Edition and Advanced Edition. Brekeke SIP Server offers, among other things, SIP over TCP/UDP support, TLS support, original NAT traversal functionality, SIP Redundancy feature.
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This is usually done only when the geometry changes. Winged-edge meshes are ideally suited for dynamic geometry, such as subdivision surfaces and interactive modeling, since changes to the mesh can occur locally. Traversal across the mesh, as might be needed for collision detection, can be accomplished efficiently. See Baumgart (1975) for more details.
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The main weapons of BMPT are the two 30 mm 2A42 autocannons. A total of 850 rounds of ready use ammunition can be carried. These twin autocannons have a combined fire rate of 600 rounds per minute. Traversal of the autocannons is in sync with the turret and it can elevate between −5° and +45°.
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De Witte (1959) invokes the point-source condition at the outset (p.294, col.1). Without this condition, the traversal time would be ambiguous; for example, if the propagation time from to were reckoned from an arbitrary wavefront W containing (Fig.2), that time could be made arbitrarily small by suitably angling the wavefront.
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Tools such as a grappling hook and a paraglider also aid traversal in the city. Aiden can also use the undead to break his fall. The game is mostly melee-based with the majority of fighting using melee weapons. The melee weapons have a limited lifespan and will degrade the longer the player uses the melee weapons in combat.
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The assembly of paragraphs is also handled in this step. Hereby, the AST is processed using a depth-first traversal on the tree structure. The rendering of the different kinds of output as well as the analyzing functions are realized as Visitors. This helps to separate the AST data structure from the algorithms that operate on the data.
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Each scanned strip was apart, giving a total of 800 readings per plot. The researchers then took this data and used Geoplot 3.0 software to generate X-Y waterfall plots and greyscale maps of the region. The waterfall plots were made by plotting each traversal of a plot on a trace, which enabled anomalies to be easily seen.
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In March–April 2013, Lucassen rode from Barrow, Alaska to Key West, Florida, starting with traversal over sea ice and frozen tundra from Barrow to Nuiqsut, towing a sledge part way. In a 2012 interview for the Royal Dutch Touring Club, Lucassen reckoned he had spent ten years of his life journeying in the saddle of a motorcycle.
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Clarke and Smith, Riviera to the Rhine, p. 366, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1993. It figured prominently into the advance of the U.S. XV Corps against German forces in the Second World War. The rapid traversal of the Saverne Gap resulted in a breakthrough by the French 2nd Armored Division, which subsequently liberated Strasbourg on November 23, 1944.
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However, he disliked the story, which he thought failed to offer motivation for players to complete the game. Sunset Overdrives gameplay was also commended by many reviewers. Prell compared the game favorably to Jet Grind Radio, Saints Row The Third, Infamous, and Ratchet & Clank. He singled out the traversal system, which he thought was fluid and well-executed.
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However, he was disappointed by the game's occasionally repetitive mission design. Sliva and Brown shared similar thoughts, with the latter saying that the game featured too many fetch quests. Patterson disliked the game's traversal; she found that the system was frustrating at times. However, she thought that this problem lessened as players unlocked new moves and skills.
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A suffix tree for the strings `ABAB` and `BABA` is shown in a figure above. They are padded with the unique terminator strings `$0` and `$1`. The numbers in the leaf nodes are string number and starting position. Notice how a left to right traversal of the leaf nodes corresponds to the sorted order of the suffixes.
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AutoFetch profiling can also be used to select optimal query strategies such as "array fetching" where object graph use is known to be uneven (typically weighted to the first object graphs in a list). This could lead to much more efficient and higher performing object graph traversal than is currently possible with current techniques employed by ORM tools.
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If the vertex has already been visited, it is ignored and the path is pursued no further; otherwise, the algorithm checks/updates the vertex and continues down its current path. Several special cases of graphs imply the visitation of other vertices in their structure, and thus do not require that visitation be explicitly recorded during the traversal. An important example of this is a tree: during a traversal it may be assumed that all "ancestor" vertices of the current vertex (and others depending on the algorithm) have already been visited. Both the depth-first and breadth-first graph searches are adaptations of tree-based algorithms, distinguished primarily by the lack of a structurally determined "root" vertex and the addition of a data structure to record the traversal's visitation state.
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It can be conceptualized as two singly linked lists formed from the same data items, but in opposite sequential orders. A doubly linked list whose nodes contain three fields: the link to the previous node, an integer value, and the link to the next node. The two node links allow traversal of the list in either direction. While adding or removing a node in a doubly linked list requires changing more links than the same operations on a singly linked list, the operations are simpler and potentially more efficient (for nodes other than first nodes) because there is no need to keep track of the previous node during traversal or no need to traverse the list to find the previous node, so that its link can be modified.
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NAT traversal, through TCP hole punching, establishes bidirectional TCP connections between Internet hosts in private networks using NAT. It does not work with all types of NATs, as their behavior is not standardized. When two hosts are connecting to each other in TCP, both via outbound connections, they are in the "simultaneous TCP open" case of the TCP state machine diagram.
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In turn, `TextPattern` requires the support of the `TextPatternRange` class to expose format and style attributes. `TextPatternRange` supports `TextPattern` by representing a contiguous text span in a text container with the `Start` and `End` endpoints. Multiple or disjoint text spans can be represented by more than one `TextPatternRange` objects. `TextPatternRange` supports functionality such as clone, selection, comparison, retrieval and traversal.
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Double encoding is an attack technique used to bypass security mechanisms which only decode data once. It can be used to masquerade a directory traversal attack or a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack. Most double encoding works by encoding the character(s) you want to put in, so that it really decodes the message to input illegal characters. `/` URI encoded becomes `%2F`.
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A related concept is polytypism (or data type genericity). A polytypic function is more general than polymorphic, and in such a function, "though one can provide fixed ad hoc cases for specific data types, an ad hoc combinator is absent".Ralf Lammel and Joost Visser, "Typed Combinators for Generic Traversal", in Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages: 4th International Symposium (2002), p. 153.
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Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) provides one way for an application to traverse a NAT. STUN allows a client to obtain a transport address (an IP address and port) which may be useful for receiving packets from a peer. However, addresses obtained by STUN may not be usable by all peers. Those addresses work depending on the topological conditions of the network.
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The aim of the "Autonomous Navigation" scenario is to follow a given route mostly autonomous. The route will be some kilometers in length. During the traversal of the route points of interest (usually marked) need to be found and localised. Again the position and a photograph of the points of interest need to be given to the judges as results of the run.
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The aim of the "Autonomous Navigation" scenario is to follow a given route mostly autonomous. The route will be some kilometers in length. During the traversal of the route points of interest (usually marked) need to be found and localised. Again the position and a photograph of the points of interest need to be given to the judges as results of the run.
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Microsoft Windows and DOS directory traversal uses the `..\` or `../` character sequences. Each partition has a separate root directory (labeled `C:\` for a particular partition C) and there is no common root directory above that. This means that for most directory vulnerabilities on Windows, the attack is limited to a single partition. This kind of attack has been the cause of numerous Microsoft vulnerabilities.
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A possible algorithm for preventing directory traversal would be to: # Process URI requests that do not result in a file request, e.g., executing a hook into user code, before continuing below. # When a URI request for a file/directory is to be made, build a full path to the file/directory if it exists, and normalize all characters (e.g., `%20` converted to spaces).
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The traversal trace is a list of each visited root. No one sequentialisation according to pre-, in- or post-order describes the underlying tree uniquely. Given a tree with distinct elements, either pre- order or post-order paired with in-order is sufficient to describe the tree uniquely. However, pre-order with post-order leaves some ambiguity in the tree structure.
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The AST is used intensively during semantic analysis, where the compiler checks for correct usage of the elements of the program and the language. The compiler also generates symbol tables based on the AST during semantic analysis. A complete traversal of the tree allows verification of the correctness of the program. After verifying correctness, the AST serves as the base for code generation.
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For example, a URL that ends with "/page.cgi?cat=science&topic;=physics" could be changed to simply "/page/science/physics". This makes the URL easier for people to remember, read and write, and provides search engines with better information about the structural layout of the site. A graph traversal approach also tends to result in the creation of friendly URLs.
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On graph traversal and sequence-processing tasks with supervised learning, DNCs performed better than alternatives such as long short-term memory or a neural turing machine. With a reinforcement learning approach to a block puzzle problem inspired by SHRDLU, DNC was trained via curriculum learning, and learned to make a plan. It performed better than a traditional recurrent neural network.
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A Windows version, developed by Blind Squirrel Games, was released in November 2018. The game received generally positive reviews, with praise for its visuals, traversal system, combat system, and humor. However, the game was criticized for the lack of a compelling story or innovative quest design. It received numerous nominations, including Best Xbox Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications.
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Some levels require careful ordering of traversal, because they are divided into zones connected by passages which are impossible to traverse in the reverse direction. If a gold piece remains in an unreachable zone, the player may have to abort the level to start again, losing a life, unless there is a way to coax a guard into bringing the gold.
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The original algorithm by Day generates as compact a tree as possible: all levels of the tree are completely full except possibly the bottom-most. It operates in two phases. First, the tree is turned into a linked list by means of an in-order traversal, reusing the pointers in the (threaded) tree's nodes. A series of left-rotations forms the second phase.
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The player is the overseer of a massive wheeled fortress known as the Dozer, and must cross a post-apocalyptic wasteland safely. The player can choose a route on a minimap, which determines what types of encounters they have. The player can also upgrade the Dozer in order to make traversal of the wasteland easier. Fights take place on an isometric grid.
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The nested set model is to number the nodes according to a tree traversal, which visits each node twice, assigning numbers in the order of visiting, and at both visits. This leaves two numbers for each node, which are stored as two attributes. Querying becomes inexpensive: hierarchy membership can be tested by comparing these numbers. Updating requires renumbering and is therefore expensive.
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Firewall, proxy, and NAT transparency One of the key features of SoftEther VPN is the transparency for firewalls, proxy servers, and NATs (Network Address Translators). To do this, SoftEther VPN supports SSL-VPN and NAT Traversal. SoftEther VPN uses HTTPS protocol in order to establish a VPN tunnel. HTTPS (HTTP over SSL) protocol uses the TCP/IP port 443 (may vary) as destination.
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They are a subset of the L-attributed grammars, where the attributes can be evaluated in one left-to-right traversal of the abstract syntax tree. They are a superset of the S-attributed grammars, which allow only synthesized attributes. In yacc, a common hack is to use global variables to simulate some kind of inherited attributes and thus LR-attribution.
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He braves the dangers of the Abyss alone in a manner reminiscent of Odysseus or Aeneas. After an arduous traversal of the Chaos outside Hell, he enters God's new material World, and later the Garden of Eden. At several points in the poem, an Angelic War over Heaven is recounted from different perspectives. Satan's rebellion follows the epic convention of large-scale warfare.
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Functions for traversal and retrieval are put into the abstract Iterator interface. Future Iterators can be derived based on the type of list they will be iterating through, such as Arrays or Linked Lists. Thus, no matter what type of indexing method any implementation of the element uses, it will have the appropriate Iterator. This is an implementation of the Iterator pattern.
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For instance, this problem can be used to model the placement of fire stations within a city, in order to ensure that every address within the city can be reached quickly by a fire truck. Gonzalez described a clustering heuristic that selects as centers the first k points of a farthest-first traversal, and then assigns each of the input points to its nearest center. If r is the distance from the set of k selected centers to the next point at position k + 1 in the traversal, then this clustering achieves a distance of r. However, the subset of k centers together with the next point are all at distance at least r from each other, and any k-clustering would put two of these points into one cluster, so there is no clustering with distance better than r/2.
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One basic use of Lync Server is instant messaging (IM) and presence within a single organization. This includes support for rich presence information, file transfer and voice and video communication. Lync uses Interactive Connectivity Establishment for NAT traversal and TLS encryption to enable secure voice and video both inside and outside the corporate network. Lync Server also supports remote users, both corporate users on the Internet (e.g.
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In-order traversal of the results does yield the same sorted array. Q3←{1≥≢⍵:⍵ ⋄ (⊂∇ ⍵⌿⍨0>s)⍪(⊂⍵⌿⍨0=s)⍪⊂∇ ⍵⌿⍨0 The above formulation is not new; see for example Figure 3.7 of the classic The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms. However, unlike the pidgin ALGOL program in Figure 3.7, is executable, and the partial order used in the sorting is an operand, the the examples above.
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This simple parallelization's asymptotic complexity is same as sequential algorithm in the worst case, but some optimizations can be made to achieve better BFS parallelization, for example: 1\. Mitigating barrier synchronization. Barrier synchronization is necessary after each layer- traversal to ensure the correctness of parallel BFS. As a result, reducing the cost of barrier synchronization is an effective way to speed up parallel BFS. 2\.
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Note that t is always labelled with the value n+1 and s is always labelled with 0. The depth-first traversal is then repeated, but this time the adjacency list of each vertex is visited from right-to-left. When completed, s and t, and their incident edges, are removed. Each remaining vertex stores a 2-dimensional label with values from 1 to n.
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In "Birds of Passage" Italian author and sound-studies scholar Simona Frasca writes extensively about Andreatini as Gilda Mignonette, citing her as central to the narrative of early 20th century Italian-American music and culture. In the early 1950s, she suffered severe health problems; having expressed the desire to die in her hometown in Naples, she actually died during the traversal by boat, off the Algerian coast.
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Jana caesarea is a moth of the family Eupterotidae. It can be found in Tanzania.afromoths The body of the male of this species has a length of 51mm, the length of its forewings is 73 mm and its wingspan 134mm.. the forewings are grey-brown, they have two parallel transversal lines near the base. The hindwings are clear-grey, with two black-brown traversal lines.
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In case a user agent is located behind a NAT then it will use a private IP address as its contact address in the contact and via headers as well as the SDP part. This information would then be useless for anyone trying to contact this user agent from the public Internet. There are different NAT traversal solutions such as STUN, TURN and ICE.Rosenberg, J. (April 2010).
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Aeroplane and Commercial Aviation News, Volume 93, pg. 935 A launcher consisting of a rail mounted to an QF 3.7 inch AA gun traversal mechanism was built at Walton-on-the-Naze and test firings started in September 1944. This pre-dates the Fairey Stooge, and is the first launch of an anti-aircraft missile of British design.Peter Morton, "Fire Across the Desert", Australian Govt. Pub.
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A server‐side connection will always be required to establish the initial connection between the end‐users and can be used to provide server‐side data execution or gateways into other systems. The user of a Flash Media Server will also be required to authorize network address lookup and NAT traversal services for the clients to prevent Flash Player from being used in an unmanaged way.
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In contrast to Haydn's trend of speeding up his minuets, here he slows the pace back to Moderato providing a more old-fashioned aristocratic minuet. The finale is in sonata rondo form. The primary theme became a popular tune in its time. In the center of the movement is a development-like section which contains a surprise timpani strike followed by a traversal of many distant keys.
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Many behaviours, such as widget traversal order, are difficult or impossible to change. Mouse control appears to be supported in the source code, using GPM (a mouse-driver) but many users report Newt and Whiptail not responding to mouse control. These restrictions simplify the design of the library as well as the code of programs using it, though they impose limitations on user interface design.
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The arrows have little effect on an enemy's health, but do increase the stun meter. Over the course of the game, Atreus helps in combat, traversal, exploration, and puzzle-solving. When facing a large number of enemies, he distracts the weaker ones as Kratos fights the stronger ones. If too many enemies gang up on Atreus, he is knocked out for the remainder of that combat.
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It reduces bandwidth requirements for low-speed connections. NAT traversal allows a session to be established even if the user is behind a Network Address Translation (NAT) device, for example, a router in a home network. Remote Assistance is configurable using Group Policy and supports command-line switches so that custom shortcuts can be deployed. In Windows 7, Remote Assistance is based on RDP 7.
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The games employ an action-based battle system, incorporating cooldown abilities and quick-time commands. Xenoblade Chronicles X also incorporates traversal using giant mechs known as Skells. While Xenoblade Chronicles adopts a story-driven design, Xenoblade Chronicles X uses a non-linear structure within an open world. No direct story connection exist between Xenoblade Chronicles and Xenoblade Chronicles X. The Skells were also a deliberate callback to the Gears of Xenogears.
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The CWMP protocol also defines a mechanism for reaching the devices that are connected behind NAT (e.g. IP-Phones, Set-top boxes). This mechanism, based on STUN and UDP NAT traversal, is defined in document TR-069 Annex G (formerly in TR-111). Amendment 5 of the protocol introduces alternative method of executing Connection Request via NAT based on XMPP (see Annex K of TR-069 Amendment 5 for details).
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Sometimes this process does not work; for example, 153 (better known by its rotation 531) looks like it can be split into 15 and 3, but checking that the cycle has no repeating nodes in the graph traversal indicates that it is prime by the more rigorous definition. It has been shown empirically that the longest prime siteswaps bounded by height h contain mostly the throws 0 and h.
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This is a fast and very simple method to implement and understand. It is based on graph traversal methods in graph theory. In short, once the first pixel of a connected component is found, all the connected pixels of that connected component are labelled before going onto the next pixel in the image. This algorithm is part of Vincent and Soille's watershed segmentation algorithm, other implementations also exist.
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Just Cause 2 action elements were widely praised. Ryan Davis of Giant Bomb praised the game for its defiance of physics, increasing player enjoyment. The combined grappling hook and parachute was praised for facilitating and enhancing traversal and exploration. Eurogamer Parkin agreed, adding that the tool was a mix of Spider-Man and Bionic Commando, but Game Informer Marchiafava thought that the mechanic and its precision exceeded both.
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An active searcher will receive (at most) 10 results per user and a passive searcher will receive (at most) 5 results per user. NAT traversal exist as a protocol extension, which allow passive users to connect to other passive users. The base protocol does not require encryption, but extensions exist to provide encryption with TLS. Files in client connections are identified by their hash, most commonly the Tiger Tree Hash.
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However, some C. neoformans cells can survive intracellularly in macrophages. Intracellular survival appears to be the basis for latency, disseminated disease, and resistance to eradication by antifungal agents. One mechanism by which C. neoformans survives the hostile intracellular environment of the macrophage involves upregulation of expression of genes involved in responses to oxidative stress. Traversal of the blood–brain barrier by C. neoformans plays a key role in meningitis pathogenesis.
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Tropical Cyclone Steve was a tropical cyclone that affected northern Australia from 27 February 2000 until 11 March 2000. Cyclone Steve was noted for its longevity and traversal of northern and western Australia. It impacted on regions of northern Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia before clearing to the south of the continent. Steve is the first known Australian cyclone to make four distinct landfalls in the country.
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Infrared Recipient, a new application for transferring files through an infrared connection is included. The IrDA stack in Windows 98 supports networking profiles over the IrCOMM kernel-mode driver. Windows 98 also has built-in support for browsing Distributed File System trees on Server Message Block shares such as Windows NT servers. UPnP and NAT traversal APIs can be installed on Windows 98 by installing the Windows XP Network Setup Wizard.
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This avoids potential off-by-one errors and makes code simpler to read. In object-oriented languages an iterator, even if implicit, is often used as the means of traversal. The foreach statement in some languages has some defined order, processing each item in the collection from the first to the last. The foreach statement in many other languages, especially array programming languages, does not have any particular order.
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Proposed Jingle logo Jingle is an extension to the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) which adds peer-to-peer (P2P) session control (signaling) for multimedia interactions such as in Voice over IP (VoIP) or videoconferencing communications. It was designed by Google and the XMPP Standards Foundation. The multimedia streams are delivered using the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP). If needed, NAT traversal is assisted using Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE).
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When G is bipartite, there are no odd cycles in G. In that case, blossoms will never be found and one can simply remove lines B20 - B24 of the algorithm. The algorithm thus reduces to the standard algorithm to construct maximum cardinality matchings in bipartite graphs where we repeatedly search for an augmenting path by a simple graph traversal: this is for instance the case of the Ford–Fulkerson algorithm.
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The game's combat focuses on velocity, and encourages players to defeat enemies in a fast-paced way. As a result, players can employ different moves including wall running, air-dashing, zip lining, performing parkour, acrobatics, and water traversal. Players use grind rails to deftly navigate city streets, and are able to switch direction instantly at will. The city is also filled with items for players to bounce up into the air.
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Once unlocked, suits and powers can be freely combined. Stealth combat involves Spider-Man moving around raised locations using gadgets or webbing to neutralize isolated enemies. Leveling up allows the player to unlock skills from three different specialties, focusing on ground combat, aerial combat, and traversal. Suits, suit mods, gadgets, and their associated upgrades are purchased with resources called Tokens, which are awarded for completion of specific tasks.
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The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) controls many Voice over IP (VoIP) calls, and suffers the same problem. SIP and SDP may use multiple ports to set up a connection and transmit voice stream via RTP. IP addresses and port numbers are encoded in the payload data and must be known before the traversal of NATs. Without special techniques, such as STUN, NAT behavior is unpredictable and communications may fail.
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Shadow Warrior 2 can be played in single-player mode or in a new 4-player co-op mode. In co-op mode, each player experiences the narrative as Lo Wang but sees other players as different anonymous ninjas. The level environments are more open and nonlinear than in the previous title. New traversal mechanics have been added such as climbing walls and double jumping to allow for more exploration.
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A Tribal-class destroyer would be able to engage the same target for about 37 seconds. The dual-mount turrets 10 deg/s traversal speed was considered too slow to engage higher- speed aircraft at close range.A 270-knot (500 km/h) target crossing the line of sight at right angles, at 2000 yards (1829 m) range, will move across the line of sight at 4.5 degrees per second.
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For example, in Fig.2, the traversal time of the path (where the last leg "doubles back") is not stationary with respect to variation of , but is maximally sensitive to movement of along the leg . Through this equivalence, Fermat's principle sustains Huygens' construction and thence all the conclusions that Huygens was able to draw from that construction. In short, "The laws of geometrical optics may be derived from Fermat's principle".
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However, he praised the interesting lore and wildlife found within the world, as well as the game's long draw distance. Harmon had similar comments, praising the game's graphics and Kyrat's culture. Harmon thought that the hilly landscape of the game's world gave players a sense of exploration, and hence made traversal enjoyable. Wilson thought, however, that the game's setting was not as compelling as the tropical setting of Far Cry 3.
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For infinite trees, simple algorithms often fail this. For example, given a binary tree of infinite depth, a depth-first search will go down one side (by convention the left side) of the tree, never visiting the rest, and indeed an in-order or post-order traversal will never visit any nodes, as it has not reached a leaf (and in fact never will). By contrast, a breadth-first (level-order) traversal will traverse a binary tree of infinite depth without problem, and indeed will traverse any tree with bounded branching factor. On the other hand, given a tree of depth 2, where the root has infinitely many children, and each of these children has two children, a depth-first search will visit all nodes, as once it exhausts the grandchildren (children of children of one node), it will move on to the next (assuming it is not post-order, in which case it never reaches the root).
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This strategy is precisely equivalent to a traversal of the cycles of the permutation represented by the urns. Every prisoner starts with the urn bearing his number and keeps on traversing his cycle up to a limit of fifty urns. The number of the urn that contains his number is the pre-image of that number under the permutation. Hence the prisoners survive if all cycles of the permutation contain at most fifty elements.
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The process repeats until a packet is delivered to the destination host. Each router traversal counts as one hop in the distance calculation for the transmission path. The device to which the default route points is often called the default gateway, and it often carries out other functions such as packet filtering, firewalling, or proxy server operations. The default route in Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) is designated as the zero-address 0.0.
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"Phillip Hill, Lacan for Beginners (London 1997) p. 75 The goal of therapy thus became "la traversee du fantasme, the crossing over, traversal, or traversing of the fundamental fantasy."Bruce Fink, The Lacanian Subject: Between Language and Jouissance (Princeton 1997) p. 61 For Lacan, "The traversing of fantasy involves the subject's assumption of a new position with respect to the Other as language and the Other as desire ... a utopian moment beyond neurosis.
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Schilling singled out the multi-lock homing attack, writing that while it usually worked "perfectly well", it appeared to "inexplicably fail" on occasion. Ingenito, Turi, and Hargreaves agreed. Castle struggled with the homing attack "locking on too late or attacking enemies in awkward sequence." However Justin Towell (GamesRadar) defended the control scheme, explaining that while it had a learning curve, it also "modernize[s] environmental traversal" and "provide[s] a distinct safety net".
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Amazon Neptune supports both the open source Apache TinkerPop Gremlin graph traversal language and the W3C standard Resource Description Framework's (RDF) SPARQL query language, both of which can be used on the same Neptune instance, and allow the user to build queries to navigate highly connected data sets and provides high performance for both graph models. Neptune also uses other AWS product features such as those of Amazon S3, Amazon EC2 and Amazon CloudWatch.
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The Action Script language is a scripting language created by BigFix, Inc. prior to being purchased by IBM, and is used by the BigFix platform. The purpose of the action script language is to provide an interface by which changes can be made to a client. The value of the action script language is that it, to a certain extent, abstracts away platform-specific scripting differences like directory traversal, script execution and flow control.
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For the synchronization, AML(Active Messages Library, which is an SPMD communication library build on top of MPI3, intend to be used in fine grain applications like Graph500) barrier ensures the consistent traversal after each layer. The referenced BFS is only used for correctness verification of results. Thus, users should implement their own BFS algorithm based on their hardware. The choice of BFS is not constrained, as long as the output BFS tree is correct.
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In the Atharvaveda, Mitra is associated with sunrise, and accordingly, Mitra is worshipped in the sunrise prayers of the Hindus. The morning upasthaana prayer, recited to the risen sun after contemplation on the sacred Gayatri mantra, is a collection of Vedic verses addressing Mitra. Mitra is co- worshipped in the Mitrotsavam Hindu festival of the Sun god Surya, whose orderly traversal of the sky is ensured by Mitra (e.g. RV 1.35) and Mitra- Varuna (e.g.
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S.L. Horowitz and T. Pavlidis, Picture Segmentation by a Directed Split and Merge Procedure, Proc. ICPR, 1974, Denmark, pp. 424–433.S.L. Horowitz and T. Pavlidis, Picture Segmentation by a Tree Traversal Algorithm, Journal of the ACM, 23 (1976), pp. 368–388. When a special data structure is involved in the implementation of the algorithm of the method, its time complexity can reach O(n\log n), an optimal algorithm of the method.
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BYU was then allowed to attempt the second round, earning 10 more points before losing the rover over a cliff. Luckily, a quick-thinking student dove to catch the rover, falling with it and preventing it from rolling and damaging itself irreparably. The judges increased the difficulty of the other tasks significantly, especially Autonomous Traversal. However, the BYU Mars Rover successfully traversed five of the eight possible legs earning a competition high 55.
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A Study of Franz Liszt's Concepts of Changing Tonality as Exemplified in Selected "Mephisto" Works. By Jung-Ah Kim Liszt made no orchestral version of the piece. However, British composer and arranger Gordon Jacob orchestrated this along with other late works of Liszt for the Sadlers Wells ballet Apparitions, a project conceived by composer Constant Lambert. The first recording of this piece was by France Clidat in her traversal of Liszt's works for Decca.
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The sequential traversal of the narrow band is optimal and storage efficiency is further improved over the octree level set. The addition of an acceleration lookup table allows for fast O(\log r) random access, where r is the number of runs per cross section. Additional efficiency is gained by applying the RLE scheme in a dimensional recursive fashion, a technique introduced by Nielsen & Museth's similar DT-Grid.Nielsen, M. B. & Museth K. 2006.
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When inserting a node into an AVL tree, you initially follow the same process as inserting into a Binary Search Tree. If the tree is empty, then the node is inserted as the root of the tree. In case the tree has not been empty then we go down the root, and recursively go down the tree searching for the location to insert the new node. This traversal is guided by the comparison function.
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Eurogamer's Donlan stated Infamous 2 is "video games' true master of parkour" and found the combat struggled to match the thrills of traversal but that the combat had improved since the original. Game Informer's Reiner enjoyed combat, describing the situations as "amazing open-world superhero fights." Giant Bomb's Brad Shoemaker felt enemies were overwhelming at times during combat like in the original Infamous. Mc Shea found the pacing uneven and the morality system "laughable".
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Such a decline of populace in Podgorje has to do with the wars that took place since then, the steep mountainous area, karst topography and climatic factors (e.g. bura wind, which causes the section of the D8 state road to close several times a year). These factors lead to subsequent lack of sufficient infrastructure and traversal of traffic to highways. The exception for depopulation in Podgorje are only seen in Starigrad and Senj .
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The development effort for this query is omitted. Executing a semantic query is conducted by walking the network of information and finding matches (also called Data Graph Traversal). Another important aspect of semantic queries is that the type of the relationship can be used to incorporate intelligence into the system. The relationship between a customer and a product has a fundamentally different nature than the relationship between a neighbourhood and its city.
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This unit is somewhat comparable to a texture unit in size, latency, and interface to the processor core. The unit features BVH traversal, compressed BVH node decompression, ray- AABB intersection testing, and ray-triangle intersection testing. AMD offers interactive ray tracing on top of OpenCL on Vega graphics cards through Radeon ProRender.GPUOpen Real-time Ray-tracing The company is reportedly planning to release the second generation Navi GPUs with hardware-accelerated ray tracing in 2020.
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OrientDB is an open source NoSQL database management system written in Java. It is a Multi-model database, supporting graph, document, key/value, and object models, but the relationships are managed as in graph databases with direct connections between records. It supports schema-less, schema-full and schema-mixed modes. It has a strong security profiling system based on users and roles and supports querying with Gremlin along with SQL extended for graph traversal.
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Later, the following features were added to Softphone: ZRTP support (December 2010), NAT Bridge to help NAT traversal in difficult networking conditions (July 2011), support for video calls (Dec 2011), support for ICE (March 2012) Acrobits Softphone for Android was released in Feb 2011, followed by Android Groundwire in April 2012. Android apps are now on par with their iOS counterparts, with the exception of video calls which are not yet supported on Android.
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Skatanniemi peninsula in Uutela is the only place of the main line of defence on the mainland. Construction of a 6-inch Canet battery began in late 1916. The battery fortifications, the parapet and traversal walls, were finished but the command points and most other auxiliary structures were not. The guns had arrived at the battery but were never installed and were reported stored nearby on the shore and pier in 1918.
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At the time it was believed that radiation damage to cells was entirely the result of damage to DNA. Charged particle microbeams could probe the radiation sensitivity of the nucleus, which at the time appeared not to be uniformly sensitive. Experiments performed at microbeam facilities have since shown the existence of a bystander effect. A bystander effect is any biological response to radiation in cells or tissues that did not experience a radiation traversal.
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True single-particle irradiations should allow measurement of the effects of exactly one alpha particle traversal, relative to multiple traversals. The application of such systems to low frequency processes such as oncogenic transformation depends very much on the technology involved. With an irradiation rate of at least 5,000 cells per hour, experiments with yields of the order of 10−4 can practically be accomplished. Hence, high throughput is a desired quality for microbeam systems.
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The iterator would then access each element, executing its `CheckMe()` method with the `SpellCheck` parameter. Each `CheckMe` would then call the `SpellCheck`, passing a reference to the appropriate element. In this manner, any algorithm can be used with any traversal method, without hard-code coupling one with the other. For example, Find can be used as "find next" or "find previous", depending on if a "forward" iterator was used, or a "backwards" iterator.
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State Road 219 was a state highway on the St. Joseph/Elkhart County line along Ash Road. It ran from U.S. Highway 33 in the south to U.S. Highway 20 in the north, a total traversal of about . US 20 and US 33 no longer intersect Ash Road. They have been replaced by Business 20 and State Road 933 on the St. Joseph County side, and Old US 20 and Old US 33 on the Elkhart County side.
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From 2015 Oxingale and PENTATONE record label have joined forces and formed the PENTATONE Oxingale Series, re-releasing old albums - now also digitally available and distributed worldwide - and producing new ones. In 2015, Haimovitz released two recordings on PENTATONE using period instruments: the cello sonatas of Ludwig van Beethoven, with pianist Christopher O'Riley; and a second recording of Bach's cello suites (on Haimovitz's earlier traversal, recorded in 2000, he had used a modernized cello and bow).
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There are two common representations for the causal context meta-data. One is to maintain an explicit dependency graph of the causal dependence relation. Because such a graph can grow arbitrarily large, an event is often tagged with only its immediate predecessors; determining its transitive predecessors requires a distributed graph traversal. The other is to maintain a vector clock, with one entry per process (or group of processes), counting the number of events generated by the process or group.
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To handle a molecule containing one or more cycles, one must first expand it into a tree (called a hierarchical digraph) by traversing bonds in all possible paths starting at the stereocenter. When the traversal encounters an atom through which the current path has already passed, a ghost atom is generated in order to keep the tree finite. A single atom of the original molecule may appear in many places (some as ghosts, some not) in the tree.
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The middle wheel is then pressed against the obstacle by the rear wheels and pulled against the obstacle by the front until it is lifted up and over. Finally, the rear wheel is pulled over the obstacle by the front two wheels. During each wheel's traversal of the obstacle, forward progress of the vehicle is slowed or completely halted. This is not an issue for the operational speeds at which these vehicles have been operated to date.
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From his betatron experiment, he developed further ideas of particle acceleration without the necessity of high voltage. The method was resonating particles with a radio frequency electric field to add energy to each traversal of the field. This experiment was successful and published in 1928, and became the progenitor of all high-energy particle accelerators. Widerøe's article was studied by Ernest Lawrence in the United States, and used as the basis for his creation of the cyclotron in 1929.
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The Yellow River passes through Shandong's western areas, entering the sea along Shandong's northern coast; in its traversal of Shandong it flows on a levee, higher than the surrounding land, and dividing western Shandong into the Hai He watershed in the north and the Huai River watershed in the south. The Grand Canal of China enters Shandong from the northwest and leaves on the southwest. Weishan Lake is the largest lake of the province. Shandong's coastline is long.
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In grammar, the prolative case (abbreviated ), also called the vialis case (abbreviated ), prosecutive case (abbreviated ), traversal case, mediative case, or translative case,Haspelmath, Martin. Terminology of Case in Handbook of Case, Oxford University Press, 2006. is a grammatical case of a noun or pronoun that has the basic meaning of "by way of" or "via". In Finnish, the prolative case follows an established application in a number of fossilized expressions to indicate "by (medium of transaction)".
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Of particular note is her traversal of a narrow canyon known as "The Tight Spot" in the portion of the Flint Ridge Cave System underlying Houchins Valley. The Tight Spot proved to be the critical juncture leading to the passages connecting Mammoth Cave and the Flint Ridge Cave System.Brucker 1976, pp. 191-192, 230-248 Both Patricia Crowther and her then-husband Will Crowther, also a computer programmer, participated in many expeditions that attempted to connect the caves.
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The individual cells of a grid system can also be useful as units of aggregation, for example as a precursor to data analysis, presentation, mapping, etc. For some applications (e.g., statistical analysis), equal-area cells may be preferred, although for others this may not be a prime consideration. In computer science, one often needs to find out all cells a ray is passing through in a grid (for raytracing or collision detection); this is called "grid traversal".
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Note. — If each vertex in a graph is to be traversed by a tree-based algorithm (such as DFS or BFS), then the algorithm must be called at least once for each connected component of the graph. This is easily accomplished by iterating through all the vertices of the graph, performing the algorithm on each vertex that is still unvisited when examined. A non-verbal description of three graph traversal algorithms: randomly, depth-first search, and breadth-first search.
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This phenomenon, which is known as a Phosphene, is the visual perception of flickering light. It is considered a subjective sensation of light since it can be caused by simply applying pressure on the eyeball. The traversal of a single, highly charged particle through the occipital cortex or the retina was estimated to be able to cause a light flash. Possible mechanisms for HZE-induced light flashes include direction ionization and Cerenkov radiation within the retina.
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Bridge carrying US 340 over the Shenandoah River in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. This bridge also carries the Appalachian Trail over the river. US 340 reduces to two lanes and begins its traversal of the Potomac Water Gap, where that river passes through two ridges. The highway descends to and crosses over the Shenandoah Subdivision and the Shenandoah River, then it follows the east bank of the river to the river's confluence with the Potomac River.
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512x512px The Rayleigh interferometer employs two beams of light from a single source, and determines the difference in optical path length between the two paths using interference between the two beams when they are recombined following traversal of the paths. An example is shown in the figure. Light from a source (top) is collimated by a lens and split into two beams using slits. The beams are sent through two different paths and pass through compensating plates.
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NAT traversal handling with SBC during call establishment In order for a user agent to be reachable through the public interfaces of an SBC, the SBC will manipulate the registration information of the user agent. The user includes its private IP address as its contact information in the REGISTER requests. Calls to this address will fail, since it is not publicly routable. The SBC replaces the information in the contact header with its own IP address.
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A decision version of the problem (testing whether some vertex occurs before some vertex in this order) is P-complete, meaning that it is "a nightmare for parallel processing". A depth-first search ordering (not necessarily the lexicographic one), can be computed by a randomized parallel algorithm in the complexity class RNC.. As of 1997, it remained unknown whether a depth-first traversal could be constructed by a deterministic parallel algorithm, in the complexity class NC..
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The team wanted to achieve a "high energy vibe" for this title and the resulting soundtrack features a lot of punk rock and electronic dance music. Fourteen different bands and artists were hired to perform the music often avoiding using musical instruments and writing lyrics for the game instead. The game's soundtrack was also inspired by works from FIDLAR, DZ Deathrays and Ty Segall. Composers tried to match beats-per-minute to the gameplay and traversal system.
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He added that the fast travel system was not useful in this game, since players can find a lot of fun by simply traveling between different locations in the game's world. He thought that all of the game's systems intertwined with each other, and ultimately made the game a complete and worthwhile experience. Reiner echoed similar thoughts, and considered getting around Sunset City fun for players. He added that the traversal system increased the game's replay value.
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Gies felt overwhelmed by the traversal options. He added that Insomniac had successfully created a system that was accessible for ordinary players, while creating challenges for those who want to master the system. However, he noted the camera system may not be able to track the movement of the character accurately. He further commended the game's world design, and described it as one of the most "navigationally sophisticated" worlds he had ever experienced in a game.
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The three parts generated at each recursive step are apparent in the structure of the final result. Applying the function derived from to the same argument multiple times gives different results because the pivots are chosen at random. In-order traversal of the results does yield the same sorted array. Q3←{1≥≢⍵:⍵ ⋄ (⊂∇ ⍵⌿⍨0>s)⍪(⊂⍵⌿⍨0=s)⍪⊂∇ ⍵⌿⍨0 The above formulation is not new; see for example Figure 3.7 of the classic The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms.
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Other improvements include support for application silos, firewall traversal and better LDAP support. It criticized a lack of high availability support for the Session Manager, making it a single point of failure as of version 3. (The High Availability module for the Session Manager was not mentioned.) In addition, Ulteo OVD was found to suffer from the traditional issues of remote application delivery – poor video performance and limited interaction with devices connected locally to the client.
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Katajaluoto island is a narrow, north–south oriented island located approximately half way on the line between Rysäkari and Harmaja. A 10-inch battery built on the widest part divides the island into northern and southern parts. The construction of the battery began in October 1914 and the guns were placed on their foundations in early 1915 with the parapet and traversal walls completed in autumn 1915. Katajaluoto battery is the narrowest of the 10-inch batteries.
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This allowed all traversal and modifications to be funneled through a single code path, against which features such as copy-on-write, checksumming and mirroring needed to be implemented only once to benefit the entire file system. Btrfs is structured as several layers of such trees, all using the same B-tree implementation. The trees store generic items sorted on a 136-bit key. The first 64 bits of the key are a unique object id.
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SoftEther VPN supports NAT traversal, making it useful to run VPN servers on computers that are behind residential gateways, facility routers, and firewalls. Firewalls performing deep packet inspection are unable to detect SoftEther's VPN transport packets as a VPN tunnel because HTTPS is used to camouflage the connection. SoftEther VPN optimizes performance by using full Ethernet frame utilization, reducing memory copy operations, parallel transmission, and clustering. Together, these reduce latency normally associated with VPN connections while increasing throughput.
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Cf. Born & Wolf, 1970, pp.128–9 (meaning of "regular neighbourhood"). This conclusion remains valid if the secondary wavefronts are reflected or refracted by surfaces of discontinuity in the properties of the medium, provided that the comparison is restricted to the affect paths and the affected portions of the wavefronts.Moreover, using Huygens' construction to determine the law of reflection or refraction is a matter of seeking the path of stationary traversal time between two particular wavefronts; cf.
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Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) is a technique used in computer networking to find ways for two computers to talk to each other as directly as possible in peer-to-peer networking. This is most commonly used for interactive media such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), peer-to-peer communications, video, and instant messaging. In such applications, you want to avoid communicating through a central server (which would slow down communication, and be expensive), but direct communication between client applications on the Internet is very tricky due to network address translators (NATs), firewalls, and other network barriers. ICE is developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force MMUSIC working group and is published as RFC 8445, as of August 2018,RFC 8445, Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal, A. Keranen, C. Holmberg Ericsson, J. Rosenberg (July 2018) and has obsoleted both RFC 5245RFC 5245, Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols, J. Rosenberg (April 2010) and RFC 4091.
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Rico can travel the game's world using his wingsuit and grappling hook, whose functions are expanded to include the ability to attach hot air balloons and rocket boosters on objects. A new wind and particle system was introduced, and it affects Rico's traversal with his wingsuit. The game also features a weather system and environmental hazards such as tornados and thunderstorms. The game features a large variety of vehicles and firearms, including exotic weapons like the Wind Gun and the Lightning Gun.
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Next-generation networks are based on Internet technologies including Internet Protocol (IP) and multiprotocol label switching (MPLS). At the application level, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) seems to be taking over from ITU-T H.323. Initially H.323 was the most popular protocol, though its popularity decreased in the "local loop" due to its original poor traversal of network address translation (NAT) and firewalls. For this reason as domestic VoIP services have been developed, SIP has been more widely adopted.
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Thus, SPARQL provides a full set of analytic query operations such as `JOIN`, `SORT`, `AGGREGATE` for data whose schema is intrinsically part of the data rather than requiring a separate schema definition. However, schema information (the ontology) is often provided externally, to allow joining of different datasets unambiguously. In addition, SPARQL provides specific graph traversal syntax for data that can be thought of as a graph. The example below demonstrates a simple query that leverages the ontology definition `foaf` ("friend of a friend").
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This allows visibility determination to be performed hierarchically: effectively, if a node in the tree is considered to be invisible, then all of its child nodes are also invisible, and no further processing is necessary (they can all be rejected by the renderer). If a node is considered visible, then each of its children need to be evaluated. This traversal is effectively a tree walk, where invisibility/occlusion or reaching a leaf node determines whether to stop or whether to recurse respectively.
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In the latter case, it is implied that a character state change has occurred between the ancestor and one of its two immediate descendants. Each such event counts towards the algorithm's cost function, which may be used to discriminate among alternative trees on the basis of maximum parsimony. Next, a pre-order traversal of the tree is performed, proceeding from the root towards the tips. Character states are then assigned to each descendant based on which character states it shares with its parent.
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The boulder is from ground to top, beginning with a steep overhang and ending with a slab traversal. Much of the difficulty of the climb comes from two consecutive V12 moves near the beginning, both featuring small, technical holds. The problem was not repeated until January 2014. During the summer of 2010, Robinson spent two months climbing in Rocklands, South Africa. His main project was the second ascent of Monkey Wedding, a V15 boulder problem first established in 2002 by Fred Nicole.
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Allain and Christiany, 2006: 178. Ligorio created the garden as a series of terraces descending the steep hillside at the edge of the mountains overlooking the plain of Latium. The terraces were connected by gates and grand stairways starting from a terrace below the villa and traversing down to the Fountain of Dragons at the foot of the garden. The stairway was crossed by five traversal alleys on the different levels, which were divided into rooms by hedges and trellises covered with vines.
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In ZFS 0.8 and later, it is possible to configure a Special VDEV class to preferentially store filesystem metadata, and optionally the Data Deduplication Table (DDT), and small filesystem blocks. This allows, for example, to create a Special VDEV on fast solid-state storage to store the metadata, while the regular file data is stored on spinning disks. This speeds up metadata-intensive operations such as filesystem traversal, scrub, and resilver, without the expense of storing the entire filesystem on solid-state storage.
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First, the computer creates a random planar graph G shown in blue, and its dual F shown in yellow. Second, computer traverses F using a chosen algorithm, such as a depth-first search, coloring the path red. During the traversal, whenever a red edge crosses over a blue edge, the blue edge is removed. Finally, when all vertices of F have been visited, F is erased and two edges from G, one for the entrance and one for the exit, are removed.
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Reviewers praised the gameplay mechanics; the web-swinging traversal, in particular, received unanimous acclaim. EGMNOW said it was a more streamlined version of the physics-based system used in Spider-Man 2 (2004), while Game Revolution praised the way it conveyed speed and movement. Game Informer said web-swinging was so much fun that they never used the game's fast-travel system. The combat was praised for its speed and fluidity while presenting a range of gadgetry and environmental options to execute attacks.
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Choosing a name for the game was the first thing the team did before starting development. They decided on the name Sunset Overdrive because they felt it was unique, and captured the feeling of the "grindhouse" from the 1970s. The project was originally conceived as an open world survival game similar to DayZ. The initial version of the game did not feature the traversal system, nor the unusual weapons included in the final version, and was described as "grounded" by Murray.
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In Ise Bay, storm surge heights were greatly enhanced due to the curvature of the land and the bay's shallow depth, which allowed water to be easily driven the length of the bay towards the coast. In addition, the storm passed the area at high tide. Water levels began to rise prior to Vera's landfall and peaked during the typhoon's first traversal of Honshu. The highest storm surge measurement was observed in the Port of Nagoya, where water levels peaked above normal.
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MSD sorts are not necessarily stable if the original ordering of duplicate keys must always be maintained. Other than the traversal order, MSD and LSD sorts differ in their handling of variable length input. LSD sorts can group by length, radix sort each group, then concatenate the groups in size order. MSD sorts must effectively 'extend' all shorter keys to the size of the largest key and sort them accordingly, which can be more complicated than the grouping required by LSD.
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Source code can be written in any language that Exuberant ctags can handle, but parsers are not equally fine-grained. Two versions of the same file can be compared side by side with differences visually enhanced (through diff command launched by LXR). Besides hyperlinks under variables, a form allows searching for an identifier typed by the user. To work around the indexing phase limitations, any character sequence may be (full text) searched at the cost of an extensive source files traversal.
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XmlReader in the .NET Framework, and the DOM traversal API (NodeIterator and TreeWalker). A pull parser creates an iterator that sequentially visits the various elements, attributes, and data in an XML document. Code that uses this iterator can test the current item (to tell, for example, whether it is a start-tag or end-tag, or text), and inspect its attributes (local name, namespace, values of XML attributes, value of text, etc.), and can also move the iterator to the next item.
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For rendering, the face list is usually transmitted to the GPU as a set of indices to vertices, and the vertices are sent as position/color/normal structures (in the figure, only position is given). This has the benefit that changes in shape, but not geometry, can be dynamically updated by simply resending the vertex data without updating the face connectivity. Modeling requires easy traversal of all structures. With face-vertex meshes it is easy to find the vertices of a face.
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Instead, all the variables are linearly scanned to determine their live range, represented as an interval. Once the live ranges of all variables have been figured out, the intervals are traversed chronologically. Although this traversal could help identifying variables whose live ranges interfere, no interference graph is being built and the variables are allocated in a greedy way. The motivation for this approach is speed; not in terms of execution time of the generated code, but in terms of time spent in code generation.
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Neo4j in that it is not designed for multi-hop graph traversal but rather for rapid set operations, not unlike the primary use-case for Redis sets. Since it is still in the process of being packaged for outside of Twitter use, the code is still very rough and hence there is no stable release available yet. FlockDB was posted on GitHub shortly after Twitter released its Gizzard framework, which it uses to query the FlockDB distributed datastore. The database is licensed under the Apache License.
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The ring-imaging Cherenkov, or RICH, detector is a device for identifying the type of an electrically charged subatomic particle of known momentum, that traverses a transparent refractive medium, by measurement of the presence and characteristics of the Cherenkov radiation emitted during that traversal. RICH detectors were first developed in the 1980s and are used in high energy elementary particle- , nuclear- and astro-physics experiments. This article outlines the origins and principles of the RICH detector, with brief examples of its different forms in modern physics experiments.
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Tasmania has been since it was settled by Europeans, traversed in many ways, and in most cases un-recorded. In the twenty-first century, some people have created and recorded their journeys around the island as 'events' for publicity and fund raising, with most walks mentioned here in the latter category. A north–south crossing of Australia may also include walking around Tasmania, known as a 'traversal crossing'. Historically, the sheer volume of people walking or traversing the island in a number of ways is not traceable.
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The length of the English mainland is delineated by the distance between Marshall Meadows Bay and Land's End in Cornwall, the southwesternmost point on the mainland (but not the southernmost, which is Lizard Point). The distance is by road or as the crow flies. The traversal of the length of England is sometimes used to define charitable events such as walks and cycle-rides. A variant is the Four Points Challenge, to walk to each of the four extremities of England and return to the starting point.
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In a sense the stack of the PDA contains the unprocessed data of the grammar, corresponding to a pre-order traversal of a derivation tree. Technically, given a context-free grammar, the PDA has a single state, 1, and its transition relation is constructed as follows. # (1,\varepsilon,A,1,\alpha) for each rule A\to\alpha (expand) # (1,a,a,1,\varepsilon) for each terminal symbol a (match) The PDA accepts by empty stack. Its initial stack symbol is the grammar's start symbol.
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For instance, objects behind the camera do not have to be drawn. Quick traversal of the scene graph is essential to making this "culling" operation occur quickly. Scene graphs were generally left to the developer to implement, and it was all too common to see poor examples that led to poor performance. SGI had worked on a number of projects that were intended to help the developer produce a high-quality scene graph, but none of these had become widely used for a variety of reasons.
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After the establishment of a call using SIP, media packets, namely voice, video or data are exchanged -usually using the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) While NAT traversal of SIP messages may appear complicated after all, the yet more complex task is enabling media to traverse NATs. The initial problem statement is the same. If SIP devices behind NATs advertise their IP addresses, their peers on the other side of NATs cannot route traffic to them. The solution SBCs came with simply ignores the way SIP works.
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NAT traversal with SBC during user registration Similar to the registration case, the SBC will also include itself in the path of INVITE and other request messages. When receiving an INVITE from a user agent behind a NAT, the SBC will include a via header with its own address, replace the information in the contact header with its own address and also replace the address information in the SDP body with its own address. Thereby, all SIP messages and media packets will traverse the SBC.
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Defoe's next novel was Captain Singleton (1720), an adventure story whose first half covers a traversal of Africa which anticipated subsequent discoveries by David Livingstone and whose second half taps into the contemporary fascination with piracy. The novel has been commended for its sensitive depiction of the close relationship between the hero and his religious mentor, Quaker William Walters. Its description of the geography of Africa and some of its fauna does not use the language or knowledge of a fiction writer and suggests an eyewitness experience.
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In the analysis of algorithms, the input to breadth-first search is assumed to be a finite graph, represented explicitly as an adjacency list, adjacency matrix, or similar representation. However, in the application of graph traversal methods in artificial intelligence the input may be an implicit representation of an infinite graph. In this context, a search method is described as being complete if it is guaranteed to find a goal state if one exists. Breadth-first search is complete, but depth-first search is not.
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Price also considered the technical benefits; Sunset Overdrive has a dynamic traversal system that could be built upon for Spider-Man. Spider-Man became the first licensed property developed by Insomniac in its 22-year existence. While initially excited, team members found the project daunting because of Spider-Man's popularity and the wealth of existing stories and versions of the character. Art director Jacinda Chew saw opportunity in the character's extensive history, and consulted online references and Marvel staff with extensive knowledge of the character.
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Unanticipated problems beset the expedition as soon as it left the last significant colonial outposts in Maine. The portages up the Kennebec River proved grueling, and the boats frequently leaked, ruining gunpowder and spoiling food supplies. More than a third of the men turned back before reaching the height of land between the Kennebec and Chaudière rivers. The areas on either side of the height of land were swampy tangles of lakes and streams, and the traversal was made more difficult by bad weather and inaccurate maps.
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The Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries are the most well- known of their kind in the world, with Wolong Nature Reserve, generally considered as the "homeland of pandas". It is a core habitat with unique natural conditions, complicated landforms, and a temperate climate with diverse wildlife. Siguniang Mountain, sometimes called the "Oriental Alpine" is approximately away from Chengdu, and is composed of four adjacent peaks of the Traversal Mountain Range. Among the four peaks, the fourth and highest stands above sea level, and is perpetually covered by snow.
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Hennig believes the term "platformer" is outdated and misused with many modern games, preferring a different term like "traversal" for some. She also feels that focusing too much on graphics can inhibit a game, saying that once game writers focus on creative expression, video games will greatly improve. She often uses supporting characters to highlight personality aspects of other characters through interactions within the script. For example, Chloe Frazer acts as a foil for Nathan Drake, highlighting the darker aspects of his personality and past.
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The algorithm assigns to each village a name and a rank, the former usually unique. The latter states the number of friendly mergers that the city has gone through, and the larger it is, the more powerful a city is considered. Moreover, to each edge is assigned a weight: each village/city C has a minimum-weight edge e_{merge}(C, C') also called merge link, that is the edge whose traversal has minimum cost. The algorithm proceeds in consecutive stages until a mega-city is formed.
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CDKN2A, also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, is a gene which in humans is located at chromosome 9, band p21.3. It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types. The gene codes for two proteins, including the INK4 family member p16 (or p16INK4a) and p14arf. Both act as tumor suppressors by regulating the cell cycle. p16 inhibits cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4 and CDK6) and thereby activates the retinoblastoma (Rb) family of proteins, which block traversal from G1 to S-phase.
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A trie implemented as a {baby, bad, bank, box, dad, dance}}}. The lists are sorted to allow traversal in lexicographic order. There are several ways to represent tries, corresponding to different trade- offs between memory use and speed of the operations. The basic form is that of a linked set of nodes, where each node contains an array of child pointers, one for each symbol in the alphabet (so for the English alphabet, one would store 26 child pointers and for the alphabet of bytes, 256 pointers).
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In its original "strong" form,Cf. Born & Wolf, 1970, p.740. Fermat's principle states that the path taken by a ray between two given points is the path that can be traversed in the least time. In order to be true in all cases, this statement must be weakened by replacing the "least" time with a time that is "stationary" with respect to variations of the path -- so that a deviation in the path causes, at most, a second-order change in the traversal time.
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Kepler's Harmonices Mundi (1619) In number theory, the Calkin–Wilf tree is a tree in which the vertices correspond one-to-one to the positive rational numbers. The tree is rooted at the number 1, and any rational number expressed in simplest terms as the fraction has as its two children the numbers and . Every positive rational number appears exactly once in the tree. The sequence of rational numbers in a breadth-first traversal of the Calkin–Wilf tree is known as the Calkin–Wilf sequence.
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The discovery is used to determine the topology of the client's Internet connection, specifically to detect the presence of NAT and firewall devices on its route to the Internet. The synchronization step brings a client's view of its private networks in sync with other members of these networks. When a member of a network goes online or offline, the server instructs other network peers to either establish or tear down tunnels to the former. When establishing tunnels between the peers, Hamachi uses a server-assisted NAT traversal technique, similar to UDP hole punching.
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The bad scenario is that our traversal leads us to two different pieces of the same partner, or equivalently to the other piece of partner i from whom we started. Such a path, leading from one piece of partner i to another piece of the same partner, is called a pair path. If the implication graph contains no pair paths, then the selection algorithm just described returns a collection of n non-overlapping final pieces and we are done. Now it remains to calculate the probability that the implication graph contains a pair path.
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Left rotations (and right) are order preserving in a binary search tree; it preserves the binary search tree property (an in-order traversal of the tree will yield the keys of the nodes in proper order). AVL trees and red-black trees are two examples of binary search trees that use the left rotation. A single left rotation is done in O(1) time but is often integrated within the node insertion and deletion of binary search trees. The rotations are done to keep the cost of other methods and tree height at a minimum.
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Scopia, within the computer networking and telecommunications fields, is a series of unified communications products that provide meet-me, videoconferencing and online collaboration. The Scopia products include the Scopia XT Telepresence, Scopia XT7100 Room System (supporting also the H.265 standard), Scopia XT5000 Room System, Scopia XT4300 Room System, Scopia XT Meeting Center Room System, Scopia Firewall Traversal, Multipoint control units, Gateways, Scopia Control, Scopia Desktop Video Conferencing, and Scopia Mobile HD Video Conferencing. The Scopia products are developed and sold by Avaya and their Business Partner network.
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The STUN server responds with a success response that contains the IP address and port number of the client, as observed from the server's perspective. The result is obfuscated through exclusive or (XOR) mapping to avoid translation of the packet content by application layer gateways (ALGs) that perform deep packet inspection in an attempt to perform alternate NAT traversal methods. STUN messages are sent in User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets. Since UDP does not provide reliable transport guarantees, reliability is achieved by application-controlled retransmissions of the STUN requests.
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Projected plan of the Casablanca Tramway network in conjunction with commuter rail and rapid transit buses for the period 2022–2030 (presented February 2017). The (SDAU, "Master plan of the Director of urban planning") and the (PDU, "Urban transport plan") for Greater Casablanca foresee a final network of 4 tramway lines, two traversal (T1, T2) and two radial (T3, T4). These lines will interchange with the now cancelled Casablanca Metro and the operational Al Bidaoui suburban railways. Casablanca will have a network totalling 76 route km ( route mi), costing 5.9 billion dirhams.
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On the other hand, objects #5, #7, and #8 are not strongly referenced either directly or indirectly from the root set; therefore, they are garbage. In the naive mark-and-sweep method, each object in memory has a flag (typically a single bit) reserved for garbage collection use only. This flag is always cleared, except during the collection cycle. The first stage is the mark stage which does a tree traversal of the entire 'root set' and marks each object that is pointed to by a root as being 'in-use'.
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A list is nothing more than an aggregate of linked conses. A variable which refers to a given list is simply a pointer to the first cons in the list. Traversal of a list can be done by cdring down the list; that is, taking successive cdrs to visit each cons of the list; or by using any of several higher-order functions to map a function over a list. Because conses and lists are so universal in Lisp systems, it is a common misconception that they are Lisp's only data structures.
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During the rest of the 19th century, many people tried to repeat this feat, including Ada Anderson who developed it further and walked a half-mile (800 m) each quarter- hour over the 1,000 hours. Since the 20th century, interest in walking as a sport has dropped. Racewalking is still an Olympic sport, but fails to catch public attention as it did. However major walking feats are still performed, such as the Land's End to John o' Groats walk in the United Kingdom, and the traversal of North America from coast to coast.
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Many current efforts in computational law are focused on the empirical analysis of legal decisions, and their relation to legislation. These efforts usually make use of citation analysis, which examines patterns in citations between works. Due to the widespread practice of legal citation, it is possible to construct citation indices and large graphs of legal precedent, called citation networks. Citation networks allow the use of graph traversal algorithms in order to relate cases to one another, as well as the use of various distance metrics to find mathematical relationships between them.
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The group subsequently received Chamber Music America's prestigious Cleveland Quartet Award in 2002, the Avery Fisher Career Grant in 2006, and was named "Ensemble of the Year" by Musical America in 2009. In 2017, violinist Austin Hartman replaced Bernhardsson and violist Guy Ben-Ziony replaced Rostad. The Pacifica Quartet tours throughout the Americas, Europe, and Asia. The ensemble is known for its traversal of the complete string cycles of a single composer, and in recent years have toured and recorded the quartets of Elliott Carter, Mendelssohn, Beethoven and Shostakovich.
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However, on his return to Norway in 1899, Amundsen turned his attention northwards. Confident in his abilities to lead an expedition, he planned a traversal of the Northwest Passage, the then-uncharted sea route from the Atlantic to the Pacific through the labyrinth of north Canadian islands. Having earned his master's ticket, Amundsen acquired a small sloop, Gjøa, which he adapted for Arctic travel. He secured the patronage of King Oscar of Sweden and Norway, the support of Nansen, and sufficient financial backing to set out in June 1903 with a crew of six.
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Consider the general case when the input to the algorithm is a finite unordered set of points on a Cartesian plane. An important special case, in which the points are given in the order of traversal of a simple polygon's boundary, is described later in a separate subsection. If not all points are on the same line, then their convex hull is a convex polygon whose vertices are some of the points in the input set. Its most common representation is the list of its vertices ordered along its boundary clockwise or counterclockwise.
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Following a path in a graph is an inherently serial operation, but pointer jumping reduces the total amount of work by following all paths simultaneously and sharing results among dependent operations. Pointer jumping iterates and finds a successor — a vertex closer to the tree root — each time. By following successors computed for other vertices, the traversal down each path can be doubled every iteration, which means that the tree roots can be found in logarithmic time. Pointer doubling operates on an array `successor` with an entry for every vertex in the graph.
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A visited node will never be checked again. # If the destination node has been marked visited (when planning a route between two specific nodes) or if the smallest tentative distance among the nodes in the unvisited set is infinity (when planning a complete traversal; occurs when there is no connection between the initial node and remaining unvisited nodes), then stop. The algorithm has finished. # Otherwise, select the unvisited node that is marked with the smallest tentative distance, set it as the new "current node", and go back to step 3.
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A document-oriented database, or document store, is a computer program designed for storing, retrieving and managing document-oriented information, also known as semi-structured data. Document-oriented databases are one of the main categories of NoSQL databases, and the popularity of the term "document- oriented database" has grown with the use of the term NoSQL itself. XML databases are a subclass of document-oriented databases that are optimized to work with XML documents. Graph databases are similar, but add another layer, the relationship, which allows them to link documents for rapid traversal.
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This would make it a megatall building, as well as the tallest building in New York City, surpassing One World Trade Center by . The structure is similar to the nearby "super-slender" 432 Park Avenue, with a grid of large windows, but would have even smaller floorplates. Traversal of the Big Bend would be possible with an elevator that can travel in curves, as well as horizontally, in a continuous loop. Oiio Studio has stated that the technology for such an elevator is close to being a reality.
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There has also been substantial development since the late 1990s in creating client technology outside of the browser to enable support for client/server applications. When compared against traditional IPsec VPN technologies, TLS has some inherent advantages in firewall and NAT traversal that make it easier to administer for large remote-access populations. TLS is also a standard method to protect Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) application signaling. TLS can be used to provide authentication and encryption of the SIP signaling associated with VoIP and other SIP-based applications.
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The actual traversal of the message within the network is the responsibility of the switching strategy. There are basically two types of switching strategies, a circuit switched network is a network where a path is reserved and blocked off from other messages, till the message is delivered to its destination node. A famous example of circuit switched network is the telephone services, which establish a circuit through many switches for a call. The alternative approach is the packet switched network where messages are broken down into smaller compact entities called packets.
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Maintaining Access with ICMP Hole Punching. ICMP hole punching is a technique employed in network address translator (NAT) applications for maintaining Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packet streams that traverse the NAT. NAT traversal techniques are typically required for client-to-client networking applications on the Internet involving hosts connected in private networks, especially in peer-to-peer and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) deployments. ICMP hole punching establishes connectivity between two hosts communicating across one or more network address translators in either a peer- to-peer or client-server model.
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He is aided by two of his uncles, Alan and Neil, who were turned into dogs by his mother for attempting the murder of their brother, John and Philippa's father, Edward, for his fortune. In addition, John attains a copy of The Bellili Scrolls, a map to the palace, and of its underground locale, Iravotum. The book climaxes when John reaches the palace and manages to rescue Philippa. However, during their traversal of Iravotum, Alan and Neil attack a large bird, called the Rukkh, that was attacking the group, biting its legs.
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The Neoplatonist philosopher Proclus (412 – 485 AD) advanced in his De Aeternitate Mundi (On the Eternity of the World) eighteen proofs for the eternity of the world, resting on the divinity of its creator. In 529 John Philoponus wrote his critique Against Proclus in which he systematically argued against every proposition put forward for the eternity of the world. The intellectual battle against eternalism became one of Philoponus’ major preoccupations and dominated several of his publications (some now lost) over the following decade. Philoponus originated the argument now known as the Traversal of the infinite.
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Before the coda, the theme is transformed in B major in repeated octaves. Some critics consider this work more interesting musically than its more famous cousin, the Csárdás macabre. The piece is, for lack of a better term, obsessed with a four-note motif presented at the beginning of the piece, and the work's tonal excursions into the mediant and submediant place the music procedurally somewhere between Schumann and Mahler. The first recordings of these two Csárdás was by France Clidat in her traversal of Liszt's works for Decca.
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Shoemaker felt the powers of Good and Evil Cole were better balanced than in the first game and saw morality as only a gateway to cutscenes and the possible powers. GameTrailers's reviewer said the morality system did not provide tough decisions, but provided two dramatically different gameplay experiences. Both Mc Shea and Reiner thought UGC was a "great" addition to the game. 1UP reviewer Thierry Nguyen hoped Sucker Punch would mix the combat and traversal of the game with the pacing and storytelling of the first Infamous to create an "utterly fantastic" superhero game.
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In computer science, a doubly linked list is a linked data structure that consists of a set of sequentially linked records called nodes. Each node contains three fields: two link fields (references to the previous and to the next node in the sequence of nodes) and one data field. The beginning and ending nodes' previous and next links, respectively, point to some kind of terminator, typically a sentinel node or null, to facilitate traversal of the list. If there is only one sentinel node, then the list is circularly linked via the sentinel node.
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Furthermore, the team considered how long grinds should be and decided that they should be at least 8 meters in length. The grinds were designed to be longer than usual in enemy-concentrated areas so as to allow additional time for players to consider both combat and traversal options. In order to encourage experimentation, the game features a vertical map-design, in which the difficulty of enemies increases as players move towards higher ground. Insomniac described the game as "a celebration of games", in which the team pushed existing concepts in a new direction.
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TCP hole punching requires the NAT to follow the port preservation design for TCP. For a given outgoing TCP communication, the same port numbers are used on both sides of the NAT. NAT port preservation for outgoing TCP connections is crucial for TCP NAT traversal because, under TCP, one port can only be used for one communication at a time; Programs bind distinct TCP sockets to ephemeral ports for each TCP communication, rendering NAT port prediction impossible for TCP. On the other hand, for UDP, NATs do not need port preservation.
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An open-source social VPN implementation based on the Facebook social network service and the Brunet P2P overlay is available for Windows and Linux systems under MIT license. It creates direct point-to-point secure connections between computers with the help of online social networks, and supports transparent traversal of NATs. It uses the P2P overlay to create direct VPN connections between pairs of computers (nodes). To establish a connection, two nodes advertise their P2P node address (as well as public keys for secure communication) to each other through an online social network.
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Multiple recursion can sometimes be converted to single recursion (and, if desired, thence to iteration). For example, while computing the Fibonacci sequence naively is multiple iteration, as each value requires two previous values, it can be computed by single recursion by passing two successive values as parameters. This is more naturally framed as corecursion, building up from the initial values, tracking at each step two successive values – see corecursion: examples. A more sophisticated example is using a threaded binary tree, which allows iterative tree traversal, rather than multiple recursion.
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In a non-Kerberos environment, a certificate from a certificate authority (CA) which is common to any system with which you communicate securely is required. Many systems also have problems when either side is behind a NAT. This problem is addressed by NAT Traversal (NAT-T) and is accomplished by adding a DWORD of 2 to the registry: HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\IPsec\AssumeUDPEncapsulationContextOnSendRule Using the filtering options provided in MMC, it is possible to tailor the networking to require, request or permit traffic to various domains and protocols to use encryption.
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The set of jQuery core features—DOM element selections, traversal and manipulation—enabled by its selector engine (named "Sizzle" from v1.3), created a new "programming style", fusing algorithms and DOM data structures. This style influenced the architecture of other JavaScript frameworks like YUI v3 and Dojo, later stimulating the creation of the standard Selectors API."Selectors API Level 1, W3C Recommendation" (21 February 2013). This standard turned what was jQuery "helper methods" into JavaScript-native ones, and the wide use of jQuery stimulated the fast adoption of `querySelector/querySelectorAll` into main Web browsers.
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A criticism of instant indexing is that certain services filter results manually or via algorithms that prevent instant inclusion to avoid inclusion of content that violates the service's policies. Instant indexing impacts the timeliness of the content included in the index. Given the manner in which many crawlers operate in the case of Internet search engines, websites are only visited if a some other website links to them. Unlinked web sites are never visited (see invisible web) by the crawler because it cannot reach the website during its traversal.
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Arthur Gies of Polygon took the view that, however strong a first impression the fundamentals and ideas yielded, the game's overall quality was reduced by being drawn out beyond its capabilities with superfluous material. A more favorable aspect was the combo system, which was said to channel "early '00s Japanese action games in a way that feels hard to resist". Traversal challenges and controls were also lauded. Further, Polygon disparaged the design for the game's considerable length, and sensed it was to compensate for the small number of story missions.
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The Mattabesett Trail (maintained by the Connecticut Forest and Park Association), which stretches from the northern end of Lamentation Mountain, south to Totoket Mountain and north again to the Connecticut River, traverses the ridgeline of Fowler Mountain. A trailhead can be found on the south side of Fowler Mountain where the blue blazed Mattabesett trail crosses Howd Road after descending from Pistapaug Mountain. After traversing Fowler Mountain the trail continues directly to Trimountain; a trailhead can be found on route 68 after this traversal. Threats to the ecosystem of Fowler Mountain include development and quarrying.
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Packet traversal ends when a rule matches the packet and has an action of ACCEPT, DROP, REJECT or RETURN. The simplest iptables firewall consists of rules for each desired service, followed by a rule which indicates that any packets which reach this rule are dropped. A system which only permitted, for example, incoming email traffic would have a rule which accepted connections on the SMTP port, and then dropped others. A rule would be required which indicated that all established connections were also permitted so that outgoing connections would receive responses from other systems.
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After earning undergraduate and master's degrees from the University of Patras in Greece, Kalnis completed a PhD at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Kalnis is a professor of computer science at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. While working there, he along with colleagues from Thomas J. Watson Research Center have developed a Pregel system called Mizan. He previously worked at the National University of Singapore, where he and his colleagues developed a tree traversal algorithm which showed suggested edit distance which in turn reduced computation cost.
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Assassin's Creed Identity is an action-adventure video game developed by Blue Byte and published by Ubisoft. It is the second mobile-exclusive game in the Assassin's Creed series to be released after Assassin's Creed Pirates, and the first on mobile to incorporate the third-person urban traversal-style gameplay as seen in the main console titles. It was initially soft-launched in 2014 as a free-to-play game for New Zealand and Australian App Stores. The game was released worldwide on iOS on 25 February 2016.
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For relocating data, this allows an efficient upwards traversal from the relocated blocks to quickly find and fix all downwards references to those blocks, without having to walk the entire file system. This, in turn, allows the file system to efficiently shrink, migrate and defragment its storage online. The extent allocation tree, as with all other trees in the file system, is copy-on-write. Writes to the file system may thus cause a cascade whereby changed tree nodes and file data result in new extents being allocated, causing the extent tree to itself change.
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The double integration corrects for the -ω² filtering characteristic associated with the nonlinear acoustic effect. This recovers the scaled original spectrum at baseband. The harmonic distortion process has to do with the high frequency replicas associated with each squaring demodulation, for either modulation scheme. These iteratively demodulate and self-modulate, adding a spectrally smeared out and time exponentiated copy of the original signal to baseband and twice the original center frequency each time, with one iteration corresponding to one traversal of the space between the emitter and target.
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Reading bitwise from left to right, starting at bit d − 1, where d is the node's distance from the root (d = ⌊log2(i+1)⌋) and the node in question is not the root itself (d > 0). When the breadth-index is masked at bit d − 1, the bit values `0` and `1` mean to step either left or right, respectively. The process continues by successively checking the next bit to the right until there are no more. The rightmost bit indicates the final traversal from the desired node's parent to the node itself.
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Right rotations (and left) are order preserving in a binary search tree; it preserves the binary search tree property (an in-order traversal of the tree will yield the keys of the nodes in proper order). AVL trees and red-black trees are two examples of binary search trees that use a right rotation. A single right rotation is done in O(1) time but is often integrated within the node insertion and deletion of binary search trees. The rotations are done to keep the cost of other methods and tree height at a minimum.
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Graph traversal is accomplished by querying the Bloom filter for any of the four possible subsequent k-mers from the current node. For example, if the current node is for the k-mer ACT, then the next node must be for one of the k-mers CTA, CTG, CTC or CTT. If a query k-mer exists in the Bloom filter, then the k-mer is added to the path. Therefore, there are two sources for false positives in querying the Bloom filter when traversing the de Bruijn graph.
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It allows the client to traverse through any object collection, without needing to access the contents of the collection directly, or be concerned about the type of list the collection's structure uses. Now that traversal has been handled, it is possible to analyze the elements of a structure. It is not feasible to build each type of analysis into the element structure themselves; every element would need to be coded, and much of the code would be the same for similar elements. Instead, a generic `CheckMe()` method is built into the element's abstract class.
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Before European settlement, Native Americans of the Ute people wintered in Royal Gorge for its protection from wind and relatively mild climate. The Comanche, Kiowa, Sioux, and Cheyenne used Royal Gorge on buffalo hunting expeditions as an access point to mountain meadow regions such as South Park Basin. Colorado's Rocky Mountain region fell under Spanish claims, and conquistador expeditions of the 17th century or fur traders may have seen Royal Gorge in their traversal of the area. The first recorded instance of a European arrival, however, is the Pike Expedition of 1806.
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It maintains a list of vertices that have no incoming edges from other vertices that have not already been included in the partially constructed topological ordering; initially this list consists of the vertices with no incoming edges at all. Then, it repeatedly adds one vertex from this list to the end of the partially constructed topological ordering, and checks whether its neighbors should be added to the list. The algorithm terminates when all vertices have been processed in this way. Alternatively, a topological ordering may be constructed by reversing a postorder numbering of a depth-first search graph traversal.
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Lifesize is a Video Conferencing and Collaboration business, based in Austin, Texas, that provides technology for face-to-face communications, including high definition videoconferencing, sometimes known as telepresence. Lifesize was the first video conferencing company to bring high definition video communication technology to market in 2005. Lifesize product portfolio includes high definition endpoints and accessories, NAT\firewall traversal, touchscreen conference room phones, ISDN gateways, Multipoint Control Units and management systems, as well as mobile video conferencing software and a cloud-based IaaS offering for video conferencing. Lifesize also offers a recording and sharing service called Lifesize Cloud Amplify.
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The resolution of an incremental encoder is a measure of the precision of the position information it produces. Encoder resolution is typically specified in terms of the number of A (or B) pulses per unit displacement or, equivalently, the number of A (or B) square wave cycles per unit displacement. In the case of rotary encoders, resolution is specified as the number of pulses per revolution (PPR) or cycles per revolution (CPR), whereas linear encoder resolution is typically specified as the number of pulses issued for a particular linear traversal distance (e.g., 1000 pulses per mm).
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In transport mode, only the payload of the IP packet is usually encrypted or authenticated. The routing is intact, since the IP header is neither modified nor encrypted; however, when the authentication header is used, the IP addresses cannot be modified by network address translation, as this always invalidates the hash value. The transport and application layers are always secured by a hash, so they cannot be modified in any way, for example by translating the port numbers. A means to encapsulate IPsec messages for NAT traversal has been defined by RFC documents describing the NAT-T mechanism.
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Gremlin is a graph traversal language and virtual machine developed by Apache TinkerPop of the Apache Software Foundation. Gremlin works for both OLTP-based graph databases as well as OLAP-based graph processors. Gremlin's automata and functional language foundation enable Gremlin to naturally support imperative and declarative querying, host language agnosticism, user-defined domain specific languages, an extensible compiler/optimizer, single- and multi- machine execution models, hybrid depth- and breadth-first evaluation, as well as Turing Completeness. As an explanatory analogy, Apache TinkerPop and Gremlin are to graph databases what the JDBC and SQL are to relational databases.
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These loadouts are unlocked by finding abandoned equipment in each level, typically before a sequence which will benefit from the player switching to that loadout. Players are able to use multiple ways to complete objectives and attack enemies, such as utilizing Cooper's Pilot stealth ability, jump-kit assisted traversal of the level and using firearms provided in the game. Levels are large, and there are multiple paths for players to choose from to reach their destination. The game also features platform elements, which task players to make use of Cooper's parkour abilities to solve environmental puzzles, and travel to previously inaccessible areas.
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The central Platte River valley is an important stopover for migratory water birds, such as the whooping crane and sandhill crane, in their yearly traversal of the Central Flyway. Fossil evidence in the Platte River valley indicates this crane stopover has been active for over 10 million years. Since the mid-20th century, this river has shrunk significantly. This reduction in size is attributed in part to its waters being used for irrigation, and to a much greater extent to the waters diverted and used by the growing population of Colorado, which has outstripped the ability of its groundwater to sustain them.
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Provided the graph is described using an adjacency list, Kosaraju's algorithm performs two complete traversals of the graph and so runs in Θ(V+E) (linear) time, which is asymptotically optimal because there is a matching lower bound (any algorithm must examine all vertices and edges). It is the conceptually simplest efficient algorithm, but is not as efficient in practice as Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm and the path-based strong component algorithm, which perform only one traversal of the graph. If the graph is represented as an adjacency matrix, the algorithm requires Ο(V2) time.
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Players take the role of an unnamed space marine as he battles demonic forces from Hell that have been unleashed by the Union Aerospace Corporation within their energy-mining facility on Mars. The gameplay returns to a faster pace with more open-ended levels, closer to the first two games than the slower survival horror approach of Doom 3. It also features environment traversal, character upgrades, and the ability to perform executions known as "glory kills". The game also supports an online multiplayer component and a level editor known as "SnapMap", co- developed with Certain Affinity and Escalation Studios, respectively.
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In 2009 he played Oliver in As You Like It at Shakespeare's Globe. He returned in 2010 to play Prince Hal in both Henry IV Part 1 and Henry IV Part 2. His musical talents were further exhibited (briefly) when he played a wooden recorder in an early tavern scene. During the spring of 2012 he toured the UK in the Globe production of Henry V, a production which subsequently played at Shakespeare's Globe on London's Southbank during the summer of 2012 thereby completing his traversal of the Prince Hal story arc in Shakespeare's history plays at the Globe.
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He was later present at the Apogee Space Station when the Zoni abducted Clank. Two years later, Qwark returned to being a "hero" after a stint in acting and joined Ratchet to search for Clank. Qwark proved to be of some use during their traversal of Planet Quantos; after later being captured by Lord Vorselon and rescued by Ratchet, Qwark helped the Fongoid residents of Quantos to escape. He later travelled to the Agorian Battleplex where he ended up fighting in the area; after being saved again by Ratchet, Qwark adopted the Agorian's war grok and named it Snowball.
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While the graph model explicitly lays out the dependencies between nodes of data, the relational model and other NoSQL database models link the data by implicit connections. In other words, relationships are a first-class citizen in a graph database and can be labelled, directed, and given properties. This is compared to relational approaches where these relationships are implied and must be reified at run-time. Graph databases are similar to 1970s network model databases in that both represent general graphs, but network-model databases operate at a lower level of abstraction and lack easy traversal over a chain of edges.
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Service Data Objects denote the use of language-agnostic data structures that facilitate communication between structural tiers and various service-providing entities. They require the use of a tree structure with a root node and provide traversal mechanisms (breadth/depth-first) that allow client programs to navigate the elements. Objects can be static (fixed number of fields) or dynamic with a map-like structure allowing for unlimited fields. The specification defines meta-data for all fields and each object graph can also be provided with change summaries that can allow receiving programs to act more efficiently on them.
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Local access may commonly be gained by shell accounts or Web server accounts that allow the use of CGI scripts, which may read and output any file on the system. Directory traversal vulnerabilities can be used by attackers without accounts if CGI script vulnerabilities are available. Because prelink is often run periodically, typically every two weeks, the address of any given library has a chance of changing over time. prelink is often used in an incremental mode in which already prelinked libraries are not altered unless absolutely necessary, so a library may not change its base address when prelink is re-run.
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Along with the features typical of contemporary BitTorrent clients, it supports UPnP gateway configuration, bandwidth scheduling, Webseeding, selecting only certain files for download inside a torrent package, NAT traversal (removed in v.1.03), Peer Exchange (in older versions, using a proprietary protocol and starting with v.1.19 also by using the Extension Protocol, implementing a PEX mechanism compatible with μTorrent / Mainline PEX), Initial-Seeding (Super-Seeding) and support for Magnet Links. When downloading, BitComet provides the option to prioritize the first and last portions of media files so that files may be previewed before they are completely downloaded.
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With the same SGD infrastructure one can host an organisation's internal desktop applications, but also be able to access desktop applications remotely without the need for expensive VPN solutions. The Firewall Traversal Feature makes it possible to put an application server in an organisation's DMZ with only port 443 (HTTPS) accessible from the outside world. An SGD server can be accessed via HTTP or HTTPS. SGD also integrates with the Sun Java System Portal Server making it possible to deliver desktop applications via a Secure Portal using a Portlet, including the ability to mail, calendar and other Portal features.
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Sora also has the ability to jump on certain enemies, such as ones shaped like a vehicle. Regarding traversal, Nomura noted the new mechanic, called "Athletic Flow" in Japanese, was refined from the Flowmotion mechanic from Dream Drop Distance, which players felt was "a little too free... and it was kind of hard to control on their end." "Athletic Flow" allows the player to utilize the environment to access previously unreachable areas. Co-director Tai Yasue stated this mechanic was created "to try something new" and "radically change the gameplay" for the Hercules world, which led to its use in the other worlds.
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One of the earliest examples is Fitch's method, which assigns ancestral character states by parsimony via two traversals of a rooted binary tree. The first stage is a post-order traversal that proceeds from the tips toward the root of a tree by visiting descendant (child) nodes before their parents. Initially, we are determining the set of possible character states Si for the i-th ancestor based on the observed character states of its descendants. Each assignment is the set intersection of the character states of the ancestor's descendants; if the intersection is the empty set, then it is the set union.
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The former Maple Avenue substation of the Hartford Electric Light Company stands in southern Hartford's Barry Square area, on the east side of Maple Avenue between Adelaide and Barker Streets. It is a single- story brick building, shaped in a rough parallelogram to accommodate Maple Avenue's diagonal traversal of the city street grid. Its walls are buff brick laid in common bond, and it has a five-bay front facade, articulated by projecting brick pilasters with papyrus-leaf capitals. A double-leaf door in the southernmost bay provides entry to the building, sheltered by a metal hip- roofed hood.
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Mazeno Ridge was first attempted by a French mountaineering team led by Louis Audoubert in 1979 but bad weather prevented them from climbing any but the first Mazeno peak. The English mountaineer Doug Scott made three attempts at traversing the ridge, one being with Sandy Allen in 1992. The third attempt, in 1995, involved Rick Allen, Wojciech Kurtyka and Andrew Lock, while Scott was unwell, and was successful in climbing the first three of the Mazeno peaks. The ridge was climbed in its entirety in 2004; a traversal by US mountaineers Doug Chabot and Steve Swenson reached the Mazeno Col.
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The stairway was crossed by five traversal alleys on the different levels, which were divided into rooms by hedges and trellises covered with vines. At the crossing points of the stairway and the alleys there were pavilions, fruit trees, and aromatic plants. At the top, the promenade used by the Cardinal passed below the villa and led in one direction to the grotto of Diana, and in the other to the grotto of Asclepius. Alley of one hundred fountains, Villa d'Este The glory of the Villa d'Este was the system of fountains, fed by two aqueducts that Ligorio constructed from the River Aniene.
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Thus, the provincial leadership of Damascus stringently controlled Muzayrib. Because of its important role in the Hajj route, large quantities of dry cakes were stored in the fort to provide for pilgrims who were dependent on the cakes for sustenance during their traversal of the desert or to supply the inhabitants of Damascus in case of a shortage.Douwes, 2000, p. 106 The fort also served as a place where the Damascus authorities collected taxes from pilgrims and where the amir al-hajj (Hajj caravan commander) distributed money to Bedouin tribal chiefs to dissuade them from attacking the Hajj pilgrims.
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Networked devices with public or globally accessible IP addresses can create connections between one another easily. Clients with private addresses may also easily connect to public servers, as long as the client behind a router or firewall initiates the connection. However, hole punching (or some other form of NAT traversal) is required to establish a direct connection between two clients that both reside behind different firewalls or routers that use network address translation (NAT). Both clients initiate a connection to an unrestricted server, which notes endpoint and session information including public IP and port along with private IP and port.
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This file is available for download on various websites across the Internet. In many anti-virus scanners, only a few layers of recursion are performed on archives to help prevent attacks that would cause a buffer overflow, an out-of-memory condition, or exceed an acceptable amount of program execution time. Zip bombs often (if not always) rely on repetition of identical files to achieve their extreme compression ratios. Dynamic programming methods can be employed to limit traversal of such files, so that only one file is followed recursively at each level, effectively converting their exponential growth to linear.
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If v is a leaf, report the value stored at v if it is inside the query interval. Similarly, reporting all of the points stored in the left-subtrees of the vertices with values less than x2 along the search path from vsplit to x2, and report the leaf of this path if it lies within the query interval. Since the range tree is a balanced binary tree, the search paths to x1 and x2 have length O(\log n). Reporting all of the points stored in the subtree of a vertex can be done in linear time using any tree traversal algorithm.
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The ramp from the westbound Beltway to MD 146 connects via Hampton Lane, which heads east past Towson United Methodist Church toward Hampton National Historic Site. North of the Beltway, MD 146 is a five-lane road with a center left-turn lane that passes between the suburbs of Hampton to the east and Lutherville to the west. MD 146 reduces to two lanes just north of Seminary Road and its traversal of Long Quarter Branch, which flows into Loch Raven Reservoir. The state highway passes between Timonium to the west and the reservoir parkland on the east.
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This error came from a belief in IETF leadership that IP address space would be exhausted more rapidly and would necessitate global upgrade to IPv6 and eliminate the need for NATs. The SIP standard has assumed that NATs do not exist, an assumption, which turned out to be a failure. SIP simply didn't work for the majority of Internet users who are behind NATs. At the same time it became apparent that the standardization life-cycle is slower than how the market ticks: Session Border Controllers (SBC) were born, and began to fix what the standards failed to do: NAT traversal.
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This would be particularly notable if common Unix directories were being loaded over the network, the normal setup for labs of workstations. Most Unix systems use similar caching mechanisms for the same performance reasons, but would end up using RAM twice, once in the cache, and again in the programs using it. The CFS also cached names from the remote system, making the initial directory traversal and open requests much faster. The Spring file system is also a name service context provider, lazily mapping directories from the on-disk structure into new contexts in the name service.
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He then asked the team to start prototyping ideas for a game that they thought would work. Some team members came up with the idea of having skateboarding elements in the game, which led the development team to start working and experimenting with a new traversal system. In hindsight, Murray described the shift in focus as an "organic, evolutionary process". As the game's development progressed, the team began to draw on elements from other video game franchises such as Prince of Persia, Jet Set Radio, and Tony Hawk's Pro Skater, and put the emphasis on momentum.
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Insomniac was given the choice of using any character from Marvel's catalog to work on; Spider-Man was chosen both for his appeal to the employees and the similarities in traversal gameplay to their previous game Sunset Overdrive (2014). The game design took inspiration from the history of Spider-Man across all media but Marvel Comics and Insomniac wanted to tell an original story that was not linked to an existing property, creating a unique universe (known as Earth-1048) that has since appeared in novels, merchandise, and comics. Spider-Man was released for the PlayStation 4 on September 7, 2018.
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The game received praise for its narrative, characterization, combat, and web-swinging traversal mechanics, although some criticized its open-world design for lacking innovation. A number of reviewers called it one of the best superhero games ever made, some comparing it favorably to the Batman: Arkham series. It won several year-end accolades from a variety of gaming publications, critics, and game award ceremonies. Spider-Man became one of the fastest-selling games of the year, one of the best-selling PlayStation 4 games of all time, and the fastest-selling superhero game in the United States.
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It added the ability to run servers on Red Hat Linux 6 and increased the maximum ext4-based OST size from 24 TB to 128 TB, as well as a number of performance and stability improvements. Lustre 2.1 servers remained inter-operable with 1.8.6 and later clients. Lustre 2.2, released in March 2012, focused on providing metadata performance improvements and new features. It added parallel directory operations allowing multiple clients to traverse and modify a single large directory concurrently, faster recovery from server failures, increased stripe counts for a single file (across up to 2000 OSTs), and improved single-client directory traversal performance.
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Such an orientation can be found by starting with an arbitrary orientation of a spanning tree of the graph. The remaining edges, not in this tree, form a spanning tree of the dual graph, and their orientations can be chosen according to a bottom-up traversal of the dual spanning tree in order to ensure that each face of the original graph has an odd number of clockwise edges. More generally, every K_{3,3}-minor-free graph has a Pfaffian orientation. These are the graphs that do not have the utility graph K_{3,3} (which is not Pfaffian) as a graph minor.
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The Cartesian tree for a sequence of distinct numbers can be uniquely defined by the following properties: #The Cartesian tree for a sequence has one node for each number in the sequence. Each node is associated with a single sequence value. #A symmetric (in-order) traversal of the tree results in the original sequence. That is, the left subtree consists of the values earlier than the root in the sequence order, while the right subtree consists of the values later than the root, and a similar ordering constraint holds at each lower node of the tree.
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121 Hampden, Walpole, Pitt and Fox. Traversal of this hallway brings them to the octagonal Central Lobby, the hub of the Palace. This hall is flanked by symmetrical corridors decorated with fresco paintings, which lead to the ante-rooms and debating chambers of the two Houses: the Members' Lobby and Commons Chamber to the north, and the Peers' Lobby and Lords Chamber to the south. Another mural-lined corridor leads east to the Lower Waiting Hall and the staircase to the first floor, where the river front is occupied by a row of 16 committee rooms.
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The reason is that, as when traversing deeper into the tree, the distance to the next node grows exponentially, so every next node retrieved will likely be on a separate memory page. This will increase the number of page misses, which are very expensive. The B-heap solves this problem by laying out child nodes in memory in a different way, trying as much as possible to position subtrees within a single page. Therefore, as a vertical traversal proceeds, several of the consecutive retrieved nodes will lay in the same page, leading to a low number of page misses.
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The Q3 drivers did not make their way out of their garages until there were two minutes left in the session, with Renault driver Nico Hülkenberg leading the pack. When he got to turn 1, Hülkenberg missed the turn and instead navigated through the run-off slip road past Turn 1. This action led to him being accused of deliberately taking the run-off in an effort to let other drivers past. Stroll and Carlos Sainz Jr, the next two drivers back, slowed their traversal of Turn 1, allowing enough time for Hülkenberg to again enter the track ahead of them.
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The Rosstown Railway once ran through Caulfield South, and its traversal through several suburban blocks remains public land to this day, an easy identifier of where the track once ran. The architecture of Caulfield South is predominately period-style detached 2 and 3 bedroom family homes with both front and rear gardens. Not all properties have off-street parking and rely on space available on the street. The architectural styles range from the early 1900s and onwards with common styles being Edwardian weather board to Californian Bungalow to Red Brick Clinker pairs which share a common wall.
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In formal language theory, the terminal yield (or fringe) of a tree is the sequence of leaves encountered in an ordered walk of the tree. Parse trees and/or derivation trees are encountered in the study of phrase structure grammars such as context-free grammars or linear grammars. The leaves of a derivation tree for a formal grammar G are the terminal symbols of that grammar, and the internal nodes the nonterminal or variable symbols. One can read off the corresponding terminal string by performing an ordered tree traversal and recording the terminal symbols in the order they are encountered.
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OpenSG is a scene graph like many others, but with a number of unique features that set it apart from others. It features a blocked state management system to reduce the overhead for state change optimization, highly flexible traversal and other mechanisms to allow run-time exchange and enhancement of core data structures, but the most unusual aspect is its multi- threading approach. Scene graphs are notoriously hard targets for multi- threading, as they contain very large data structures easily consuming hundreds of megabytes of memory. Duplicating these is not an option due to the large overhead.
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The demons appearing in the game were chosen based on what bosses would be appearing in the scenario; they also included some demons that they thought would grab players' attention, and some based on their popularity. While Strange Journeys dungeon traversal had been designed to be "old-school Megami Tensei", Shin Megami Tensei IV was designed to be similar to that of Nocturne. The Press Turn battle system, first introduced in Nocturne, was given an overhaul. The gameplay difficulty was designed to be adjustable to tempt new players to try out the Shin Megami Tensei series, which had gained a reputation for having a high difficulty.
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Further research is needed to understand if such cognitive detriments induced by space radiation would occur in astronauts and whether they would negatively impact a Mars mission. The cumulative heavy ion doses in space are low such that critical cells and cell components will receive only 0 or 1 particle traversal. The cumulative heavy ion dose for a Mars mission near solar minimum would be ~0.05 Gy and lower for missions at other times in the solar cycle. This suggests dose-rate effects will not occur for heavy ions as long as the total doses used in experimental studies in reasonably small (<~0.1 Gy).
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The Fitchburg Railroad took over all three lines in 1887, and used this yard as a staging ground for helper locomotives on the traversal of the Hoosac Tunnel, and as a sorting yard to separate eastbound traffic bound either for the tunnel or Pittsfield. The yard had sixteen sidings, a nine-bay roundhouse, and a turntable; the latter two features do not survive in recognizable form, and their site is located outside the historic district. The service features of the yard fell out of use after the Hoosac Tunnel was electrified in 1911. The 1879 freight house was closed in 1939, its functions relocated to the passenger station.
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As a result, the distance of this neighbor may be examined and updated more than one time. Although these races waste resource and lead to unnecessary overhead, with the help of synchronization, they don't influence the correctness of BFS, so these races are benign. Secondly, in spite of the speedup of each layer-traversal due to parallel processing, a barrier synchronization is needed after every layer in order to completely discover all neighbor vertexes in the frontier. This layer-by-layer synchronization indicates that the steps of needed communication equals the longest distance between two vertexes, O(d), where O is the big O notation and d is the graph diameter.
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To generate the Dowker–Thistlethwaite notation, traverse the knot using an arbitrary starting point and direction. Label each of the n crossings with the numbers 1, ..., 2n in order of traversal (each crossing is visited and labelled twice), with the following modification: if the label is an even number and the strand followed crosses over at the crossing, then change the sign on the label to be a negative. When finished, each crossing will be labelled a pair of integers, one even and one odd. The Dowker–Thistlethwaite notation notation is the sequence of even integer labels associated with the labels 1, 3, ..., 2n − 1 in turn.
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A tree, in descriptive set theory, is defined as a set of finite sequences that is closed under prefix operations. The parent in the tree of any sequence is the shorter sequence formed by removing its final element. Thus, any set of finite sequences can be augmented to form a tree, and the Kleene–Brouwer order is a natural ordering that may be given to this tree. It is a generalization to potentially-infinite trees of the postorder traversal of a finite tree: at every node of the tree, the child subtrees are given their left to right ordering, and the node itself comes after all its children.
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Chris Piche is a Canadian computer scientist and technology entrepreneur who specializes in peer-to-peer networking, streaming, and computer vision technologies. Piche pioneered the technology behind online multiplayer gaming and formed a joint venture with Stanley Ho and Sociedade de Turismo e Diversoes de Macau (STDM) to create the first Internet-based, real-time casino platform. Piche then built Eyeball Chat – an early instant messaging, Voice over IP, and video telephony service with over 7 million active users in 2012. Piche is recognised as the creator of the STUN, TURN, and ICE, NAT traversal protocols which enable peer-to-peer networking, file sharing, and Voice over IP.
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Originally a percussionist who was trained at the Oberlin Conservatory and Northwestern University, Kennedy lived in New York City from 1984 to 1999. Kennedy co- founded and led the new music ensemble Essential Music, a group of flexible instrumentation which from 1987 to 2001 led a broad traversal of the American Experimental Tradition and presented over 100 concerts. During this period Kennedy had an association with John Cage, reviving a number of Cage's early works, including restoring the radio play The City Wears a Slouch Hat. Kennedy also led the rediscoveries of the music of Johanna M. Beyer and William Russell in performances and recordings by Essential Music.
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Eyeball Chat allows text message exchanges with individuals or conferences, and with AIM, Google Talk, MSN Messenger and Yahoo! Messenger buddies, drag-and-drop file and photo sharing, free voice calls between PCs and (via SIP gateway) from PCs to phones, video chat and video conferencing with up to 5 people, picture-in-picture, still snapshots during video calls, custom avatars, and chat rooms with privacy options. Call management includes call blocking, call hold/un-hold, call transfer, and call forwarding, and standards-based communication protocols SIP and STUN, TURN, and ICE support traversal of NAT routers as well as HTTP tunneling and UPnP. Presence is supported with XMPP and SIMPLE.
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Traversals are the key to the power of applying operations to scene graphs. A traversal generally consists of starting at some arbitrary node (often the root of the scene graph), applying the operation(s) (often the updating and rendering operations are applied one after the other), and recursively moving down the scene graph (tree) to the child nodes, until a leaf node is reached. At this point, many scene graph engines then traverse back up the tree, applying a similar operation. For example, consider a render operation that takes transformations into account: while recursively traversing down the scene graph hierarchy, a pre-render operation is called.
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The map was presented nonlinearly, and some paths and interactions required a high statistic to successfully complete the task. Every statistic could unlock at least one, and usually several, crucial puzzles and solutions; but the player would find him or herself at a disadvantage in others. For example, an intelligent player character could read the words on magical scrolls, and use magical items, from early on in the game - this allowed the wide-ranging traversal of the map and the completion of many plot points; but the value required generally meant taking points away from the combat statistics. A dexterous character could traverse paths and enter rooms unavailable to the clumsy.
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Their range reduction algorithm replaces each digit by a signature, which is a hashed value with bits such that different digit values have different signatures. If is sufficiently small, the numbers formed by this replacement process will be significantly smaller than the original keys, allowing the non-conservative packed sorting algorithm of to sort the replaced numbers in linear time. From the sorted list of replaced numbers, it is possible to form a compressed trie of the keys in linear time, and the children of each node in the trie may be sorted recursively using only keys of size , after which a tree traversal produces the sorted order of the items.
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This city was replaced with "Razor City" when skateboarding, which later became oil slicks and trampolines, was introduced to the game. Razor City was "Neo-Tokyo"-styled, but was later replaced by Sunset City which was more organized. While designing the game's artificial intelligence, the team thought that the game's enemies must force players to use the traversal system while simultaneously engaging in combat with them. Because of the game's vertical design, the enemies were designed to adopt the game's vertical map-design. The team also developed a “nav position tracker”, which programmed these enemies to detect the location of players and find an ambush point.
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Gameplay is presented from the third-person perspective with a primary focus on Spider- Man's traversal and combat abilities. Spider-Man can freely move around New York City, interacting with characters, undertaking missions, and unlocking new gadgets and suits by progressing through the main story or completing tasks. Outside the story, the player is able to complete side missions to unlock additional content and collectible items. Combat focuses on chaining attacks together and using the environment and webs to incapacitate numerous foes while avoiding damage. Development of Spider-Man, the first licensed game by Insomniac in its then-22-year history, began in 2014 and took approximately four years.
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The first traversal of the Northwest Passage via dog sled was accomplished by Greenlander Knud Rasmussen while on the Fifth Thule Expedition (1921–1924). Rasmussen and two Greenland Inuit travelled from the Atlantic to the Pacific over the course of 16 months via dog sled. Canadian Royal Canadian Mounted Police officer Henry Larsen was the second to sail the passage, crossing west to east, leaving Vancouver on June 23, 1940 and arriving at Halifax on October 11, 1942. More than once on this trip, he was uncertain whether , a Royal Canadian Mounted Police "ice-fortified" schooner, would survive the pressures of the sea ice.
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UDP hole punching is a commonly used technique employed in network address translation (NAT) applications for maintaining User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packet streams that traverse the NAT. NAT traversal techniques are typically required for client-to-client networking applications on the Internet involving hosts connected in private networks, especially in peer-to-peer, Direct Client-to-Client (DCC) and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) deployments. UDP hole punching establishes connectivity between two hosts communicating across one or more network address translators. Typically, third-party hosts on the public transit network are used to establish UDP port states that may be used for direct communications between the communicating hosts.
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The recent proliferation of symmetric NATs has reduced NAT traversal success rates in many practical situations, such as for mobile and public WiFi connections. Hole punching techniques, such as STUN and ICE, fail in traversing symmetric NATs without the help of a relay server, as is practiced in TURN. Techniques that traverse symmetric NATs by attempting to predict the next port to be opened by each NAT device were discovered in 2003 by Yutaka Takeda at Panasonic Communications Research Laboratory and in 2008 by researchers at Waseda University. Port prediction techniques are only effective with NAT devices that use known deterministic algorithms for port selection.
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In object-oriented programming, association defines a relationship between classes of objects that allows one object instance to cause another to perform an action on its behalf. This relationship is structural, because it specifies that objects of one kind are connected to objects of another and does not represent behaviour. A bidirectional association Unless otherwise specified, navigation across an association is bidirectional, although it may be limited to just one direction by adorning some end with an arrowhead pointing to the direction of traversal. In generic terms, the causation is usually called "sending a message", "invoking a method" or "calling a member function" to the controlled object.
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Traditionally, binary trees are laid out in consecutive memory according to a `n -> {2n, 2n+1}` rule, meaning that if a node is at position `n`, its left and right child are taken to be at positions `2n` and `2n+1` in the array. The root is at position 1. A common operation on binary trees is the vertical traversal; stepping down through the levels of a tree in order to arrive at a searched node. However, because of the way memory is organized on modern computers into pages in virtual memory, this scheme of laying out the binary tree can be highly ineffective.
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The term platform game came about some years after the genre emerged following the release of the first established title in the genre, Donkey Kong, in 1981. Its designer Shigeru Miyamoto called it a "running/jumping/climbing game" while developing it. Donkey Kong spawned a number of other titles with a mix of running, jumping, and vertical traversal, which were labeled "climbing games" in Steve Bloom's 1982 bookVideo Invaders and 1983 magazines Electronic Games (US) and TV Gamer (UK). "Platform game" became standard as games with jumping and climbing grew into a key part of the recovery after the video game crash of 1983.
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The tree rotation renders the inorder traversal of the binary tree invariant. This implies the order of the elements are not affected when a rotation is performed in any part of the tree. Here are the inorder traversals of the trees shown above: Left tree: ((A, P, B), Q, C) Right tree: (A, P, (B, Q, C)) Computing one from the other is very simple. The following is example Python code that performs that computation: def right_rotation(treenode): left, Q, C = treenode A, P, B = left return (A, P, (B, Q, C)) Another way of looking at it is: Right rotation of node Q: Let P be Q's left child.
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Three patches for the PC version were released to remedy the problem. Chris Carter of Destructoid considered the stealth approach "glorious"; the heart item one of his favorite ways to be exposed to further content; the puzzles and traversal challenges demanding; and the task of becoming a better assassin rewarding. The only complaints concerned shortcomings in frame rate capabilities on the Xbox One console, "stilted voice acting and script issues, despite the compelling narrative". Electronic Gaming Monthly's Nick Plessas wrote that Dishonored 2 "[recreates] many of the positive experiences from the previous instalment, but [requires] much greater effort on the part of the player this time around to achieve it".
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However, some reviewers noted that Cole's climbing ability was too touchy, with the character grabbing onto ledges too greedily, making it difficult to fine-tune jumps. In combination with Cole's other powers, Miller cited the game as having the "most original city-traversal mechanics" for an open-world game. The behavior of the city's population and how that was affected by the player's choice in Karma was also seen as a positive, and as a constant reminder of the game's setting. The game's story, particularly in the second half of the game, was considered to be strong, enhanced by presentation of the cut-scenes.
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A treap with alphabetic key and numeric max heap order The treap was first described by Raimund Seidel and Cecilia R. Aragon in 1989; its name is a portmanteau of tree and heap. It is a Cartesian tree in which each key is given a (randomly chosen) numeric priority. As with any binary search tree, the inorder traversal order of the nodes is the same as the sorted order of the keys. The structure of the tree is determined by the requirement that it be heap- ordered: that is, the priority number for any non-leaf node must be greater than or equal to the priority of its children.
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At the low doses of relevance to environmental radiation exposure, individual cells only rarely experience traversals by an ionizing particle and almost never experience more than one traversal. For example, in the case of domestic radon exposure, cancer risk estimation involves epidemiological studies of uranium miners. These miners inhale radon gas, which then undergoes radioactive decay, emitting an alpha particle This alpha particle traverses the cells of the bronchial epithelium, potentially causing cancer. The average lifetime radon exposure of these miners is high enough that cancer risk estimates are driven by data on individuals whose target bronchial cells are subjected to multiple alpha particle traversals.
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Winged-edge meshes are not the only representation which allows for dynamic changes to geometry. A new representation which combines winged-edge meshes and face-vertex meshes is the render dynamic mesh, which explicitly stores both, the vertices of a face and faces of a vertex (like FV meshes), and the faces and vertices of an edge (like winged-edge). Render dynamic meshes require slightly less storage space than standard winged-edge meshes, and can be directly rendered by graphics hardware since the face list contains an index of vertices. In addition, traversal from vertex to face is explicit (constant time), as is from face to vertex.
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Dynamic Visitor) by allowing use of simple function overloading to cover all the cases being visited. A dynamic visitor, provided it operates on public data only, conforms to the open/closed principle (since it does not modify extant structures) and to the single responsibility principle (since it implements the Visitor pattern in a separate component). In this way, one algorithm can be written to traverse a graph of elements, and many different kinds of operations can be performed during that traversal by supplying different kinds of visitors to interact with the elements based on the dynamic types of both the elements and the visitors.
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Through the non-linear interaction of the optical penetration in the focal region a material separation in a process known as photo-disruption is introduced. By limiting the laser pulse durations to the femtoseconds range, the energy expended at the target region is precisely controlled, thereby limiting the interaction zone of the cut to under a micrometre. External to this zone the ultra-short beam application time introduces minimal to no thermal damage to the remainder of the sample. The laser radiation is directed onto a fast scanning mirror-based optical system, which allows three-dimensional positioning of the beam crossover, whilst allowing beam traversal to the desired region of interest.
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When the clockwise traversal reaches the starting point, the algorithm is completed and the stack contains the convex hull vertices in clockwise order. Each step of the algorithm either pushes a vertex onto the stack or pops it from the stack, and each vertex is pushed and popped at most once, so the total time for the algorithm is linear. If the input vertices are given in clockwise order in an array, then the output can be returned in the same array, using only a constant number of additional variables as intermediate storage. A similar method can also be used to construct convex hulls of piecewise smooth closed curves in the plane.
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Bradley Brookshire (born 1959) is an American-born harpsichordist. He earned his undergraduate degree from the University of Michigan School of Music (in Music History and Musicology), his Master of Music from Mannes College in New York City (Historical Performance and Conducting), and is a Candidate for the Ph.D. in Musicology at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, where he is also pursuing a diploma in Interactive Technology and Pedagogy. His harpsichord studies were with Edward Parmentier, Andreas Staier, and Arthur Haas. In 1997, Brookshire began a traversal of the complete harpsichord works of Bach in a series of eight recitals in various concert halls in New York City.
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Contemporary illustration of the proposed "Interoceanic Ship Railway" Since the days of Hernán Cortés, the Tehuantepec isthmus has been considered a favorable route, first for an interoceanic canal, and since the 19th century for an interoceanic railway. Its proximity to the axis of international trade gives it some advantage over the Panama route. The Isthmus of Panama, however, is significantly narrower, making for a shorter traversal, even if the canal is farther from trade routes. The 1854 Gadsden Purchase treaty"Gadsden Purchase Treaty : December 30, 1853" , The Avalon Project included a provision allowing the U.S. to transport mail and trade goods across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec via a plank road and railroad.
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In the "fold" phase, vertexes in resulting next frontier are sent to their owner processors to form the new frontier locally. With 2D partitioning, these processors are in the same processor row. The main steps of BFS traversal in this 2D partitioning algorithm are(for each processor): # expand phase(line 13-15): based on local vertexes, only send messages to processors in processor-column to tell them these vertexes are in the frontier, receive messages from these processors. # (line 17-18): merge all receiving messages and form the net frontier N. Notice that not all vertexes from received messages should be put into the next frontier, some of them may be visited already.
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In descriptive set theory, the Kleene–Brouwer order or Lusin–Sierpiński order is a linear order on finite sequences over some linearly ordered set (X, <), that differs from the more commonly used lexicographic order in how it handles the case when one sequence is a prefix of the other. In the Kleene–Brouwer order, the prefix is later than the longer sequence containing it, rather than earlier. The Kleene–Brouwer order generalizes the notion of a postorder traversal from finite trees to trees that are not necessarily finite. For trees over a well-ordered set, the Kleene–Brouwer order is itself a well- ordering if and only if the tree has no infinite branch.
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A framework's URL mapping or routing facility is the mechanism by which the framework interprets URLs. Some frameworks, such as Drupal and Django, match the provided URL against pre-determined patterns using regular expressions, while some others use rewriting techniques to translate the provided URL into one that the underlying engine will recognize. Another technique is that of graph traversal such as used by Zope, where a URL is decomposed in steps that traverse an object graph (of models and views). A URL mapping system that uses pattern matching or rewriting to route and handle requests allows for shorter more "friendly URLs" to be used, increasing the simplicity of the site and allowing for better indexing by search engines.
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Currently the only method of ICMP hole punching or hole punching without third party involvement (autonomous NAT traversal) was developed by Samy Kamkar on January 22, 2010 and released in the open source software pwnat, and the method was later published in the IEEE. According to the paper: > The proposed technique assumes that the client has somehow learned the > current external (globally routable) IP address of the server's NAT. The key > idea for enabling the server to learn the client's IP address is for the > server to periodically send a message to a fixed, known IP address. The > simplest approach uses ICMP ECHO REQUEST messages to an unallocated IP > address, such as 1.2.3.4.
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The Stern–Brocot sequence of order i consists of all values at the first i levels of the Stern–Brocot tree, together with the boundary values 0/1 and 1/0, in numerical order. Thus the Stern–Brocot sequences differ from the Farey sequences in two ways: they eventually include all positive rationals, not just the rationals within the interval [0,1], and at the nth step all mediants are included, not only the ones with denominator equal to n. The Farey sequence of order n may be found by an inorder traversal of the left subtree of the Stern–Brocot tree, backtracking whenever a number with denominator greater than n is reached.
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Although P. falciparum is easily recognized by human immune system while in the bloodstream, it evades immunity by producing over 2,000 cell membrane antigens The initial infective stage sporozoites produce circumsporozoite protein (CSP), which binds to hepatocytes. Binding to and entry into the hepatocytes is aided by another protein, thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP). TRAP and other secretory proteins (including sporozoite microneme protein essential for cell traversal 1, SPECT1 and SPECT2) from microneme allow the sporozoite to move through the blood, avoiding immune cells and penetrating hepatocytes. During erythrocyte invasion, merozoites release merozoite cap protein-1 (MCP1), apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1), erythrocyte-binding antigens (EBA), myosin A tail domain interacting protein (MTIP), and merozoite surface proteins (MSPs).
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The number of traversed edges per second (TEPS) that can be performed by a supercomputer cluster is a measure of both the communications capabilities and computational power of the machine. This is in contrast to the more standard metric of floating point operations per second (FLOPS), which does not give any weight to the communication capabilities of the machine. The term first entered usage in 2010 with the advent of petascale computing, and has since been measured for many of the world's largest supercomputers. In this context, an edge is a connection between two vertices on a graph, and the traversal is the ability of the machine to communicate data between these two points.
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Besides drawing influences from Prince of Persia, Tony Hawk's Pro Skater and Jet Set Radio series of games for the game's traversal system, they drew influences from Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure for their "Next-Gen Respawn" system, Scott Pilgrim and The Omega Man for the game's setting, and Peggle when they were creating the game's weaponry. The game's humor was inspired by Insomniac's own game series Ratchet & Clank and Spyro the Dragon. There are also references to other pop culture icons such as Breaking Bad and Portal. Despite that, Smith said that the game would be completely different from The Last of Us. The game's character creator function allowed players to create different kinds of combinations in an avatar.
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Suffix automaton is closely related to other suffix structures and substring indices. Given a suffix automaton of a specific string one may construct its suffix tree via compacting and recursive traversal in linear time. Similar transforms are possible in both directions to switch between the suffix automaton of S and the suffix tree of reversed string S^R. Other than this several generalizations were developed to construct automaton for the set of strings given by trie, compacted suffix automation (CDAWG), to maintain the structure of the automaton on the sliding window, and to construct it in a bidirectional way, supporting the insertion of a characters to both the beginning and the end of the string.
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Repeatedly removing matched pairs of vertices in this way forms a perfect matching in the given claw-free graph. The same proof idea holds more generally if u is any vertex, v is any vertex that is maximally far from u, and w is any neighbor of v that is maximally far from u. Further, the removal of v and w from the graph does not change any of the other distances from u. Therefore, the process of forming a matching by finding and removing pairs vw that are maximally far from u may be performed by a single postorder traversal of a breadth first search tree of the graph, rooted at u, in linear time.
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A sequence of numbers and the Cartesian tree derived from them. In computer science, a Cartesian tree is a binary tree derived from a sequence of numbers; it can be uniquely defined from the properties that it is heap-ordered and that a symmetric (in-order) traversal of the tree returns the original sequence. Introduced by in the context of geometric range searching data structures, Cartesian trees have also been used in the definition of the treap and randomized binary search tree data structures for binary search problems. The Cartesian tree for a sequence may be constructed in linear time using a stack-based algorithm for finding all nearest smaller values in a sequence.
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A Cartesian tree may be constructed in linear time from its input sequence. One method is to simply process the sequence values in left- to-right order, maintaining the Cartesian tree of the nodes processed so far, in a structure that allows both upwards and downwards traversal of the tree. To process each new value x, start at the node representing the value prior to x in the sequence and follow the path from this node to the root of the tree until finding a value y smaller than x. This node y is the parent of x, and the previous right child of y becomes the new left child of x.
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UDP hole punching is a method for establishing bidirectional UDP connections between Internet hosts in private networks using network address translators. The technique is not applicable in all scenarios or with all types of NATs, as NAT operating characteristics are not standardized. Hosts with network connectivity inside a private network connected via a NAT to the Internet typically use the Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) method or Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) to determine the public address of the NAT that its communications peers require. In this process another host on the public network is used to establish port mapping and other UDP port state that is assumed to be valid for direct communication between the application hosts.
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If points A and B are given, a wavefront expanding from A sweeps all possible ray paths radiating from A, whether they pass through B or not. If the wavefront reaches point B, it sweeps not only the ray path(s) from A to B, but also an infinitude of nearby paths with the same endpoints. Fermat's principle describes any ray that happens to reach point B; there is no implication that the ray "knew" the quickest path or "intended" to take that path. isotropic.) For the purpose of comparing traversal times, the time from one point to the next nominated point is taken as if the first point were a point- source.
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395x395px The memory efficiency of Bloom filters has been used in genome assembly as a way to reduce the space footprint of k-mers from sequencing data. The contribution of Bloom filter based assembly methods is combining Bloom filters and de Bruijn graphs into a structure called a probabilistic de Bruijn graph, which optimizes memory usage at the cost of the false positive rate inherent to Bloom filters. Instead of storing the de Bruijn graph in a hash table, it is stored in a Bloom filter. Using a Bloom filter to store the de Bruijn graph complicates the graph traversal step to build the assembly, since edge information is not encoded in the Bloom filter.
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To find a pseudo-LRU element, traverse the tree according to the values of the flags. To update the tree with an access to an item N, traverse the tree to find N and, during the traversal, set the node flags to denote the direction that is opposite to the direction taken. Pseudo LRU workingThis algorithm can be sub-optimal since it is an approximation. For example, in the above diagram with A, C, B, D cache lines, if the access pattern was: C, B, D, A, on an eviction we would chose B instead of C. This is because both A and C are in the same half and accessing A directs the algorithm to the other half that does not contain cache line C.
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An external iterator may be thought of as a type of pointer that has two primary operations: referencing one particular element in the object collection (called element access), and modifying itself so it points to the next element (called element traversal). There must also be a way to create an iterator so it points to some first element as well as some way to determine when the iterator has exhausted all of the elements in the container. Depending on the language and intended use, iterators may also provide additional operations or exhibit different behaviors. The primary purpose of an iterator is to allow a user to process every element of a container while isolating the user from the internal structure of the container.
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Amongst a wide range of Romantic works which he recorded and performed, Abbado had a particular affinity with the music of Gustav Mahler, whose symphonies he recorded several times. Despite this, he never managed to complete a cycle with a single orchestra: in a mix of studio and concert releases, he recorded Symphonies 1–2 and 5–7 in Chicago, Symphonies 2–4, 9 and the Adagio from 10 in Vienna, Symphonies 1 and 3–9 in Berlin, and Symphonies 1–7 and 9 in Lucerne. A planned Eighth in Lucerne (the intended culmination of his traversal of the symphonies there) had to be cancelled owing to his ill health. The symphony was finally performed and recorded in 2016 under Riccardo Chailly as a tribute to Abbado.
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The Last of Us Part II was originally planned as an open world game with hub worlds in Jackson and Seattle—the player would initially complete missions in the former as Abby before she revealed her true intentions, and later in the former as Ellie while she tracks down Abby—but the game transferred to a more linear style as it better served the narrative. Ellie's agility prompted the addition of new gameplay features, including puzzle and traversal sections, and more advanced dodging and stealth mechanics. Margenau wanted the new gameplay features to immerse the player in the world without feeling "gamey". The introduction of some gameplay elements, such as the tracking dogs and named enemies, was intended to create an emotional response.
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Traversal using right- hand rule The best-known rule for traversing mazes is the wall follower, also known as either the left-hand rule or the right-hand rule. If the maze is simply connected, that is, all its walls are connected together or to the maze's outer boundary, then by keeping one hand in contact with one wall of the maze the solver is guaranteed not to get lost and will reach a different exit if there is one; otherwise, the algorithm will return to the entrance having traversed every corridor next to that connected section of walls at least once. Another perspective into why wall following works is topological. If the walls are connected, then they may be deformed into a loop or circle.
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Go is considered much more difficult for computers to win than other games such as chess, because its much larger branching factor makes it prohibitively difficult to use traditional AI methods such as alpha–beta pruning, tree traversal and heuristic search. Almost two decades after IBM's computer Deep Blue beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov in the 1997 match, the strongest Go programs using artificial intelligence techniques only reached about amateur 5-dan level, and still could not beat a professional Go player without a handicap. In 2012, the software program Zen, running on a four PC cluster, beat Masaki Takemiya (9p) twice at five- and four-stone handicaps. In 2013, Crazy Stone beat Yoshio Ishida (9p) at a four-stone handicap.
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Mendeleev designed a novel form of tracked propulsion of the vehicle that differed vastly from other designs of the time. His plans for the vehicle featured a continuous track whose circumference enveloped the entire side of the vehicle. The advanced part of this design was the use of a pneumatic piston suspension that allowed the individual road wheels to be lowered or elevated to a desired height. This would've allowed for very stable traversal of rough or uneven terrain as well as Mendeleev's idea of allowing the tank to completely lower the hull onto the ground, turning the tank into a mobile fortress that could bunker down when need be, protecting the most vulnerable area of the vehicle; the running gear.
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Main path analysis uncovers the most significant paths, or citation chains, in a citation network. The figure shows the global key-route main paths (in red) for a sample citation network (based on search path count and at key-route 1). Main path analysis is a mathematical tool, first proposed by Hummon and Doreian in 1989, to identify the major paths in a citation network, which is one form of a directed acyclic graph (DAG). The method begins by measuring the significance of all the links in a citation network through the concept of ‘traversal count’ and then sequentially chains the most significant links into a "main path", which is deemed the most significant historical path in the target citation network.
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A threaded tree, with the special threading links shown by dashed arrows In computing, a threaded binary tree is a binary tree variant that facilitates traversal in a particular order (often the same order already defined for the tree). An entire binary sort tree can be easily traversed in order of the main key, but given only a pointer to a node, finding the node which comes next may be slow or impossible. For example, leaf nodes by definition have no descendants, so no other node can be reached given only a pointer to a leaf node -- of course that includes the desired "next" node. A threaded tree adds extra information in some or all nodes, so the "next" node can be found quickly.
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Teldex Studio came into existence after Warner Music wound down several operations of the labels Teldec Classics in Germany and Erato Disques in France and Teldec Studio members Friedemann Engelbrecht, Tobias Lehmann and Martin Sauer (Teldec's last managing director) chose to continue their work by establishing a new company. In 2002 the team began a cooperation with French label Harmonia Mundi. This was soon supplemented by contracts with Warner, BMG, Deutsche Grammophon, EMI, Sony Classical and independent labels. Projects have included Jonas Kaufmann and Helmut Deutsch's 2005 acclaimed traversal of Strauss Lieder for Harmonia Mundi, the Nielsen Wind Quintet with members of the Berlin Philharmonic for EMI in 2006, and Arcadi Volodos' intimate 2012 survey of Mompou's piano music for Sony.
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Once the above is determined, the values of the internal coordinate (xi', yi', ...) are sorted in decreasing order, to determine which skewed Schläfli orthoscheme simplex the point lies in. Then the resulting simplex is composed of the vertices corresponding to an ordered edge traversal from (0, 0, ..., 0) to (1, 1, ..., 1), of which there are n! possibilities each of which correspond to a single permutation of the coordinate. In other words, start with the zero coordinate, and successively add ones starting in the value corresponding to the largest internal coordinate's value, and ending with the smallest. For example, the point (0.4, 0.5, 0.3) would lie inside the simplex with vertices (0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (1, 1, 0), (1, 1, 1).
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Cartesian trees were introduced and named by . The name is derived from the Cartesian coordinate system for the plane: in Vuillemin's version of this structure, as in the two-dimensional range searching application discussed above, a Cartesian tree for a point set has the sorted order of the points by their x-coordinates as its symmetric traversal order, and it has the heap property according to the y-coordinates of the points. and subsequent authors followed the definition here in which a Cartesian tree is defined from a sequence; this change generalizes the geometric setting of Vuillemin to allow sequences other than the sorted order of x-coordinates, and allows the Cartesian tree to be applied to non-geometric problems as well.
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Lonnie Dupre (born 17 April 1961) is an American contemporary Arctic explorer whose achievements include the first Pacific to Atlantic winter traversal of the Northwest Passage by dog sled in 1991 and the first human-powered circumnavigation of Greenland, by sled and kayak, in 2001. In 2006, he also successfully executed the first human-powered summer expedition to the North Pole by sled and canoe, and would later return to the pole as part of the unsupported human-powered 2009 Peary-Henson Centennial Expedition. In January, 2015, Dupre completed a solo climb of Mt. Denali after three previous attempts. Sixteen people had previously reached Denali's summit in winter, although six died on descent and none made the climb during January.
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An L-39 being used as an improvised anti-aircraft weapon in 1942 The Continuation War (, , 25 June 1941 – 19 September 1944) was the second of two wars fought between Finland and the Soviet Union during World War II. Although the weapon was not able to penetrate newer Soviet tanks like the T-34 and KV-1, it still proved to be quite effective against bunker loopholes/embrasures, long range targets, and even aircraft. A fully automatic version of the L39 was made in small numbers that served as an anti-aircraft gun. Other good targets were snipers, and several weak spots on tanks, such as open top hatches, especially with phosphorus ammunition. It was even able to damage tank turrets and pin them to stop traversal of the cannon.
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Query composition, a feature of WinFS that allowed users to perform additional searches that reuse the results of a previous query, was later incorporated in Windows Vista. Examples of uses of the technology are the object-relational mapping components into ADO.NET Entity Framework; support for unstructured data, adminless mode of operation, support for file system objects via the `FILESTREAM` data type, and hierarchical data in SQL Server 2008, then codenamed Katmai, as well as integration with Win32 APIs and Windows Shell and support for traversal of hierarchies by traversing relationships into later releases of Microsoft SQL Server; and the synchronization components into Microsoft Sync Framework. In 2013 Bill Gates cited WinFS as his greatest disappointment at Microsoft and that the idea of WinFS was ahead of its time, which will re-emerge.
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However, upon repeated traversal of the route, the stimulation of proprioceptors turns into conditional signals for movements that then proceed automatically like chain-conditioned reflexes. Experiments extirpating various cortical regions in dogs and cats demonstrated that the front half of the suprasylvian fissure is responsible for spatial orientation under labyrinthine and auditory stimulation. Beritashvili concluded that spatial orientation in higher vertebrates is reflected in their ability to project an object into space and localize its position in relation to itself or to other objects, and this after a single perception of the respective object by the animal. Also, spatial orientation is required to approach the object or to move from one object to another when the animal neither sees them nor perceives the objects through any other senses.
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Simple diagram of transcription elongation One strand of the DNA, the template strand (or noncoding strand), is used as a template for RNA synthesis. As transcription proceeds, RNA polymerase traverses the template strand and uses base pairing complementarity with the DNA template to create an RNA copy (which elongates during the traversal). Although RNA polymerase traverses the template strand from 3' → 5', the coding (non-template) strand and newly formed RNA can also be used as reference points, so transcription can be described as occurring 5' → 3'. This produces an RNA molecule from 5' → 3', an exact copy of the coding strand (except that thymines are replaced with uracils, and the nucleotides are composed of a ribose (5-carbon) sugar where DNA has deoxyribose (one fewer oxygen atom) in its sugar-phosphate backbone).
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They supported Aristotle's doctrine of the eternity of the world against conservative theologians such as John Pecham and Bonaventure. The conservative position is that the world can be logically proved to have begun in time, of which the classic exposition is Bonaventure's argument in the second book of his commentary on Peter Lombard's sentences, where he repeats Philoponus' case against a traversal of the infinite. Thomas Aquinas, like Maimonides, argued against both the conservative theologians and the Averroists, claiming that neither the eternity nor the finite nature of the world could be proved by logical argument alone. According to Aquinas the possible eternity of the world and its creation would be contradictory if an efficient cause were precede its effect in duration or if non-existence precedes existence in duration.
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In this complexity-theoretic context, the vertices of an implicit graph may represent the states of a nondeterministic Turing machine, and the edges may represent possible state transitions, but implicit graphs may also be used to represent many other types of combinatorial structure.. PLS, another complexity class, captures the complexity of finding local optima in an implicit graph.. Implicit graph models have also been used as a form of relativization in order to prove separations between complexity classes that are stronger than the known separations for non-relativized models. For instance, Childs et al. used neighborhood representations of implicit graphs to define a graph traversal problem that can be solved in polynomial time on a quantum computer but that requires exponential time to solve on any classical computer..
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Some enemies did not damage the character's hit points but instead their other statistics, and "dying" due to a non-hit-point statistic score falling to zero resulted in quite interesting death sequences. All values could be improved to the required solution values by gaining experience levels, eating or drinking certain foods or magical items, or wearing or using certain objects. Every playthrough of the game was different, due to procedural generation of maze-like dungeon areas, and many items that could actually unlock puzzles were semi-randomly placed. Puzzles for which the easiest solution was disallowed by a low statistic required either raising that statistic through items and exploration, or alternate solutions not dependent on player scores, with some of these solutions quite obscure and/or requiring wide-ranging map traversal.
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An implementation that only tracks ports can be quickly depleted by internal applications that use multiple simultaneous connections (such as an HTTP request for a web page with many embedded objects). This problem can be mitigated by tracking the destination IP address in addition to the port (thus sharing a single local port with many remote hosts), at the expense of implementation complexity and CPU/memory resources of the translation device. Because the internal addresses are all disguised behind one publicly accessible address, it is impossible for external hosts to initiate a connection to a particular internal host without special configuration on the firewall to forward connections to a particular port. Applications such as VOIP, videoconferencing, and other peer-to-peer applications must use NAT traversal techniques to function.
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Windows XP was originally bundled with Internet Explorer 6, Outlook Express 6, Windows Messenger, and MSN Explorer. New networking features were also added, including Internet Connection Firewall, Internet Connection Sharing integration with UPnP, NAT traversal APIs, Quality of Service features, IPv6 and Teredo tunneling, Background Intelligent Transfer Service, extended fax features, network bridging, peer to peer networking, support for most DSL modems, IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) connections with auto configuration and roaming, TAPI 3.1, and networking over FireWire. Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop were also added, which allow users to connect to a computer running Windows XP from across a network or the Internet and access their applications, files, printers, and devices or request help. Improvements were also made to IntelliMirror features such as Offline Files, Roaming user profiles and Folder redirection.
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Produced were the model 200 and 220. Another 100-series set, the snom 190, with the same form factor of the 200, concluded this technology level in the Fall of 2004, and paved the way for the 300-series released in Winter 2004. All of snom's software exists in the firmware of its phones, and VoIP telephones support all common standards, as well as the latest technologies for traversal of network address translators (NAT), telephone number mapping (ENUM), and virtual private networks (VPN). All snom phones are compatible with SIP-based telephone systems and system components, including open source platforms such as Asterisk, SER, sipXecs, and IP-PBX systems offered by companies such as BroadSoft, Epygi (Quadro IP PBX), MetaSwitch, Pandora (Worksmart), ADTRAN (NetVanta UC Server), pbxnsip, Sylantro, Sangoma Technologies Corporation, and others.
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In neuroscience, an F wave is one of several motor responses which may follow the direct motor response (M) evoked by electrical stimulation of peripheral motor or mixed (sensory and motor) nerves. F-waves are the second of two late voltage changes observed after stimulation is applied to the skin surface above the distal region of a nerve, in addition to the H-reflex (Hoffman's Reflex) which is a muscle reaction in response to electrical stimulation of innervating sensory fibers. Traversal of F-waves along the entire length of peripheral nerves between the spinal cord and muscle, allows for assessment of motor nerve conduction between distal stimulation sites in the arm and leg, and related motoneurons (MN's) in the cervical and lumbosacral cord. F-waves are able to assess both afferent and efferent loops of the alpha motor neuron in its entirety.
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IPOP started as a research project at the University of Florida in 2006. In its first-generation design and implementation, IPOP was built atop structured P2P links managed by the C# Brunet library. In its first design, IPOP relied on Brunet’s structured P2P overlay network for peer-to-peer messaging, notifications, NAT traversal, and IP tunneling. The Brunet-based IPOP is still available as open-source code; however, IPOP’s architecture and implementation have evolved. Starting September 2013, the project has been funded by the National Science Foundation under the SI2 (Software Infrastructure for Sustained Innovation) program to enable it as open-source “scientific software element” for research in cloud computing. The second-generation design of IPOP incorporates standards (XMPP, STUN, TURN) and libraries (libjingle) that have evolved since the project’s beginning to create P2P tunnels – which we refer to as TinCan links.
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The layout of the 6 km circuit in the city of Baku The Maiden Tower, near turn 18 The six kilometre, anti-clockwise layout of the circuit was designed by circuit architect Hermann Tilke. The circuit was planned to start adjacent to Azadliq Square, then loop around Government House before heading west along a 1 km straight to the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and Maiden Tower. Here, the track was planned to have a narrow uphill traversal and then circle the Old City before opening up onto a stretch along Neftchilar Avenue back to the start line. The circuit was projected to be the fastest street circuit in the world, with a top speed close to 360 km/h and the second longest circuit on the current F1 calendar behind the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps in Belgium.
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He spent Sabbatical Leaves at Utrecht University (1990) in the Netherlands and the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education. Professor Gonzalez became Fellow of IASTED in 2009. He is known for his highly cited pioneering research in the hardness of approximation; for his sub-linear and best possible approximation algorithm (unless P = NP) based on the farthest-first traversal for the metric k-center problem (k-tMM clustering); and for introducing the open-shop scheduling problem as well as algorithms for its solution that have found numerous applications in several research areas as well as for his research on flow shop scheduling, and job shop scheduling algorithms. He is the editor of the Handbook on Approximation Algorithms and Metaheuristics, and he is co-editor of Volume 1 (Computer Science and Software Engineering) of the Computing Handbook Set.
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The TURN server receives the peer UDP datagram, checks the permissions and if they are valid, forwards it to the client. This process gets around even symmetric NATs because both the client and peer can at least talk to the TURN server, which has allocated a relay IP address for communication. While TURN is more robust than STUN in that it assist in traversal of more types of NATs, a TURN communication relays the entire communication through the server requiring far more server bandwidth than the STUN protocol, which typically only resolves the public facing IP address and relays the information to client and peer for them to use in direct communication. For this reason, the ICE protocol mandates STUN usage as a first resort, and TURN usage only when dealing with symmetric NATs or other situations where STUN cannot be used.
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The binary tree approach follows the hash chain approach, except that it logically uses a binary tree instead of a linked list for chaining. The binary tree is maintained so that it is always both a search tree relative to the suffix lexicographic ordering, and a max-heap for the dictionary position (in other words, the root is always the most recent string, and a child cannot have been added more recently than its parent): assuming all strings are lexicographically ordered, these conditions clearly uniquely determine the binary tree (this is trivially provable by induction on the size of the tree). Since the string to search for and the string to insert are the same, it is possible to perform both dictionary search and insertion (which requires to rotate the tree) in a single tree traversal.
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For example, in 2012, the emergency navigation task was designed such that in order to reach some of the astronauts rovers would need to pass into areas where they would lose communication with their operators and thus need to operate autonomously for a time. In 2013 the Site Survey task was replaced with Terrain Traversing, which tested rovers capability of navigating through difficult terrain. 2016 introduced a formal down-selection process, including a CDR (Critical Design Review) which took the place of the Presentation task, and a semi-finals round of competition. The next year, 2017, replaced Astronaut Assistance with Extreme Retrieval and Delivery (a mix of astronaut assistance and terrain traversing), Sample Return with Science Cache, and Terrain Traversing with Autonomous Traversal, an entirely new challenge which explicitly required teams to implement autonomous behavior on their rovers.
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OrientDB uses several indexing mechanisms based on B-tree and Extendible hashing, the last one is known as "hash index", there are plans to implement LSM-tree and Fractal tree index based indexes. Each record has Surrogate key which indicates position of record inside of Array list , links between records are stored either as single value of record's position stored inside of referrer or as B-tree of record positions (so-called record IDs or RIDs) which allows fast traversal (with O(1) complexity) of one-to-many relationships and fast addition/removal of new links. OrientDB is the third most popular graph database according to the DB-Engines graph database ranking, as of September 2017. The development of OrientDB still relies on an open source community led by OrientDB LTD company created by its original author Luca Garulli.
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Naches Trail in Washington Territory circa 1855 Naches Trail (also spelled Nachess) is a historic trail in the U.S. state of Washington. It extends from the Naches River in Eastern Washington in the area inhabited by across Naches Pass in the Cascade Mountains to the Greenwater River in present-day Pierce County in Western Washington. Originally a trail used by the indigenous Yakama people in the east and Salish people in the west, it became one of the main routes of immigration by settlers to the Puget Sound region in the 19th century, especially before the improvement of the lower Snoqualmie Pass, which became the route of U.S. Route 10 then Interstate 90. The first written documentation of a traversal of the pass was made by a member of the United States Navy Wilkes Expedition, Lieutenant Robert E. Johnson in 1841.
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The LOOK algorithm is the same as the SCAN algorithm in that it also honors requests on both sweep direction of the disk head, however, this algorithm "Looks" ahead to see if there are any requests pending in the direction of head movement. If no requests are pending in the direction of head movement, then the disk head traversal will be reversed to the opposite direction and requests on the other direction can be served. In LOOK scheduling, the arm goes only as far as final requests in each direction and then reverses direction without going all the way to the end. Consider an example, Given a disk with 200 cylinders (0-199), suppose we have 8 pending requests: 98, 183, 37, 122, 14, 124, 65, 67 and that the read/write head is currently at cylinder 53.
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In the five centuries before European conquest, the Mississippian culture built numerous regional chiefdoms and major earthwork mounds in the Ohio Valley, such as Angel Mounds near Evansville, Indiana, as well as in the Mississippi Valley and the Southeast. The Osage, Omaha, Ponca and Kaw lived in the Ohio Valley, but under pressure from the Iroquois to the northeast, migrated west of the Mississippi River in the 17th century to territory now defined as Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma. The discovery and traversal of the Ohio River by Europeans admits of several possibilities, all in the latter half of the 17th century. Virginian Englishman Abraham Wood's trans-Appalachian expeditions between 1654 and 1664; Frenchman Robert de La Salle's putative Ohio expedition of 1669; and two expeditions of Virginians sponsored by Colonel Wood: the Batts and Fallam expedition of 1671, and the Needham and Arthur expedition of 1673-74.
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It is possible to test whether a graph is bipartite, and to return either a two-coloring (if it is bipartite) or an odd cycle (if it is not) in linear time, using depth-first search. The main idea is to assign to each vertex the color that differs from the color of its parent in the depth-first search forest, assigning colors in a preorder traversal of the depth-first-search forest. This will necessarily provide a two-coloring of the spanning forest consisting of the edges connecting vertices to their parents, but it may not properly color some of the non- forest edges. In a depth-first search forest, one of the two endpoints of every non-forest edge is an ancestor of the other endpoint, and when the depth first search discovers an edge of this type it should check that these two vertices have different colors.
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Given a purely combinatorial game, there is an associated rooted directed graph whose vertices are game positions and whose edges are moves, and graph traversal starting from the root is used to create a game tree. If the graph contains directed cycles, then a position in the game could repeat infinitely many times, and rules are usually needed to prevent the game from continuing indefinitely. Otherwise, the graph is a directed acyclic graph, and if it isn't a rooted tree, then the game has transpositions. This graph and its topology is important in the study of game complexity, where the state-space complexity is the number of vertices in the graph, the average game length is the average number of vertices traversed from the root to a vertex with no direct successors, and the average branching factor of a game tree is the average outdegree of the graph.
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The -ary heap consists of an array of items, each of which has a priority associated with it. These items may be viewed as the nodes in a complete -ary tree, listed in breadth first traversal order: the item at position 0 of the array (using zero-based numbering) forms the root of the tree, the items at positions 1 through are its children, the next items are its grandchildren, etc. Thus, the parent of the item at position (for any ) is the item at position and its children are the items at positions through . According to the heap property, in a min-heap, each item has a priority that is at least as large as its parent; in a max-heap, each item has a priority that is no larger than its parent.. Note that Tarjan uses 1-based numbering, not 0-based numbering, so his formulas for the parent and children of a node need to be adjusted when 0-based numbering is used.
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The primitive graph operations that the algorithm uses are to enumerate the vertices of the graph, to store data per vertex (if not in the graph data structure itself, then in some table that can use vertices as indices), to enumerate the out-neighbours of a vertex (traverse edges in the forward direction), and to enumerate the in-neighbours of a vertex (traverse edges in the backward direction); however the last can be done without, at the price of constructing a representation of the transpose graph during the forward traversal phase. The only additional data structure needed by the algorithm is an ordered list L of graph vertices, that will grow to contain each vertex once. If strong components are to be represented by appointing a separate root vertex for each component, and assigning to each vertex the root vertex of its component, then Kosaraju's algorithm can be stated as follows. # For each vertex u of the graph, mark u as unvisited.
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Other orchestras with which they have collaborated include the Boston Pops under Arthur Fiedler, the Toronto Symphony, the National Symphony, the Atlanta Symphony, the Pittsburgh Symphony, the Baltimore Symphony, the Colorado Symphony, the Phoenix Symphony, the Netherlands Chamber Orchestra, the Amsterdam Philharmonic, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, and the Nordelich Philharmonic Orkest of Groningen, Netherlands. Their interest in 'new' music was not limited to works by modern composers. On March 21, 1993, Richard and John were an important part of the annual Schubertiade, Schubert and the Piano, at the 92nd St. Y in New York, during which they focused on Schubert's Piano Duets, described by the Schubertiade's program director, Joseph Horowitz, as "arguably, the most comprehensively varied body of music ever created by a single composer in a single genre," works which are "rarely performed, or recorded." After their extensive illustrated traversal, the twins gave complete performances of the three masterpieces from 1828, Schubert's final year, Allegro (Lebensstürme), Fantasy in F minor and Grand Rondo in A major.
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It has been saidTraffic Wave Experiments, William J. Beaty, 1998 that by knowing how traffic waves are created, drivers can sometimes reduce their effects by increasing vehicle headways and reducing the use of brakes, ultimately alleviating traffic congestion for everyone in the area. However, in other models, increasing headway leads to diminishing the capacity of the travel lanes, increasing the congestion; however, disputed by acknowledging that similar principles apply to herding sheep through gates, and that in such a case, via human intervention, solitons are diminished simply by slapping "stuck sheep" and holding back aggressive sheep. In funnelling sheep through gates it can be determined how much intervention is needed to curb bottlenecks. Similar principles can be applied to human traffic streams, where, if each individual had the knowledge of final destination and complete route planning, then traversal along a route would be done so with the full knowledge that any abrupt change from any itinerary causes delays for those about to traverse the same route.
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Each unlockable item requires different quantities of each Token type: Challenge Tokens for completing Taskmaster's time-and-skill based combat, stealth, and traversal missions; Backpack Tokens for locating Spider-Man's old backpacks containing mementos from his past; Research Tokens for completing research station missions, science minigames, and the collection of pigeons; Crime Tokens for stopping ambient crimes; Base Tokens for clearing out enemy bases; and Landmark Tokens for taking pictures of specific locations around the city. There are also minigames that are rewarded with experience points and research tokens including Circuit Puzzles that require the arrangement of an electric grid and Pattern Puzzles that require the recreation of a specific pattern using composite parts. Radio towers in different areas can be unscrambled, highlighting collectable objects, missions, and active crimes. Some sections of the game are played as Spider-Man's alter-ego Peter Parker, his friend Mary Jane Watson, and ally Miles Morales.
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Port Control Protocol (PCP) is a computer networking protocol that allows hosts on IPv4 or IPv6 networks to control how the incoming IPv4 or IPv6 packets are translated and forwarded by an upstream router that performs network address translation (NAT) or packet filtering. By allowing hosts to create explicit port forwarding rules, handling of the network traffic can be easily configured to make hosts placed behind NATs or firewalls reachable from the rest of the Internet (so they can also act as network servers), which is a requirement for many applications. Additionally, explicit port forwarding rules available through PCP allow hosts to reduce the amount of generated traffic by eliminating workarounds in form of outgoing NAT keepalive messages, which are required for maintaining connections to servers and for various NAT traversal techniques such as TCP hole punching. At the same time, less generated traffic reduces the power consumption, directly improving the battery runtime for mobile devices.
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Nina Canell’s practice concerns the physical and chemical characteristics of materials and found objects as well as their metaphorical and indexical nature. By placing material forms and immaterial forces into proximity, for example electrifying, heating or moistening wood, copper, plastic or glass, she creates works that embody an interchanging state, a process. Canell’s sculptural practice concentrates on this transformative affect: materials and objects are either being animated by a process in her installations or have been the site of a process in that an encounter or traversal has taken place. Despite the articulation of the material phenomena, Canell’s works are essentially of indexical nature as they open up a sense for the symbolic capacities of the objects by exploring the relationship between humans, objects and events. This understanding is formally supported by the works’ minimal installation within the space that devoid of any form of monumentality. Canell has a preference for working with „poor“ materials, ranging from weathered wooden beams, threads, small branches, melon seeds and nails to wires, electric cables, copper pipes and glass jars.
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Meaning and melody go hand in hand in a very contemporary way, which I truly admire.” Enthused Joseph Newsome of Voix-des-Arts: “Too plentiful to enumerate are the passages in this music that are so wrenchingly private that they may compel the listener to ask, ‘How can this man whom I have never met know so much about my life?’ This intuition, uncanny and unifying, is the foundation of Abel’s unique musical language and the quality that makes Time and Distance a disc that severs new veins of raw emotion each time that it is heard.” Abel has shifted focus for his fifth Delos release, The Cave of Wondrous Voice, offering a program dominated by chamber music. Three American masters of the idiom – David Shifrin, Fred Sherry, and Carol Rosenberger – introduce Abel’s Clarinet Trio and “Intuition’s Dance,” while German violinist Sabrina-Vivian Höpcker and young American pianist Dominic Cheli perform “The Elastic Hours.” Hila Plitmann makes her fifth traversal of an Abel work in the song cycle “Four Poems of Marina Tsvetaeva,” accompanied by Rosenberger and English hornist Sarah Beck.
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The unvisited/visited indication may share storage location with the final assignment of root for a vertex. The key point of the algorithm is that during the first (forward) traversal of the graph edges, vertices are prepended to the list L in post-order relative to the search tree being explored. This means it does not matter whether a vertex v was first Visited because it appeared in the enumeration of all vertices or because it was the out-neighbour of another vertex u that got Visited; either way v will be prepended to L before u is, so if there is a forward path from u to v then u will appear before v on the final list L (unless u and v both belong to the same strong component, in which case their relative order in L is arbitrary). As given above, the algorithm for simplicity employs depth-first search, but it could just as well use breadth-first search as long as the post-order property is preserved.
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This is not true for all cop-win graphs; for instance, the five-vertex wheel graph is cop-win but contains an isometric 4-cycle, which is not cop-win, so this wheel graph is not hereditarily cop-win. The hereditarily cop-win graphs are the same as the bridged graphs, graphs in which every cycle of length four or more has a shortcut, a pair of vertices closer in the graph than they are in the cycle.. A cop-win graph is hereditarily cop-win if and only if it has neither the 4-cycle nor 5-cycle as induced cycles. For a hereditarily cop-win graph, the reversal of any breadth- first traversal is a valid dismantling order, from which it follows that any vertex can be chosen as the last vertex of a dismantling order.. A similar game with larger numbers of cops can be used to define the cop number of a graph, the smallest number of cops needed to win the game. The cop-win graphs are exactly the graphs of cop number equal to one.
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The nodes are thus in a one-to-one correspondence with finite (possibly empty) sequences of positive numbers, which are countable and can be placed in order first by sum of entries, and then by lexicographic order within a given sum (only finitely many sequences sum to a given value, so all entries are reached—formally there are a finite number of compositions of a given natural number, specifically 2n−1 compositions of ), which gives a traversal. Explicitly: 0: () 1: (1) 2: (1, 1) (2) 3: (1, 1, 1) (1, 2) (2, 1) (3) 4: (1, 1, 1, 1) (1, 1, 2) (1, 2, 1) (1, 3) (2, 1, 1) (2, 2) (3, 1) (4) etc. This can be interpreted as mapping the infinite depth binary tree onto this tree and then applying breadth-first search: replace the "down" edges connecting a parent node to its second and later children with "right" edges from the first child to the second child, from the second child to the third child, etc.
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In applications of binary search tree data structures, it is rare for the values in the tree to be inserted without deletion in a random order, limiting the direct applications of random binary trees. However, algorithm designers have devised data structures that allow insertions and deletions to be performed in a binary search tree, at each step maintaining as an invariant the property that the shape of the tree is a random variable with the same distribution as a random binary search tree. If a given set of ordered numbers is assigned numeric priorities (distinct numbers unrelated to their values), these priorities may be used to construct a Cartesian tree for the numbers, a binary tree that has as its inorder traversal sequence the sorted sequence of the numbers and that is heap-ordered by priorities. Although more efficient construction algorithms are known, it is helpful to think of a Cartesian tree as being constructed by inserting the given numbers into a binary search tree in priority order.
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Travel writer Tim Cahill wrote a book, Road Fever, about his record-setting 24-day drive from Ushuaia in the Argentine province of Tierra del Fuego to Prudhoe Bay in the U.S. state of Alaska with professional long-distance driver Garry Sowerby, much of their route following the Pan-American Highway. In the British motoring show Top Gear, the presenters drove on a section of the road in their off-road vehicles in the Bolivian Special. In 2003, Kevin Sanders, a long-distance rider, broke the Guinness World Record for the fastest traversal of the highway by motorcycle in 34 days. In 2018, a British cyclist named Dean Stott who had planned on riding the length of the Americas in 110 days to set a new Guinness World Record ended up completing the 14,000-mile journey in just under 100 days after learning that he and his wife had been invited to the royal wedding, revealing that he would have missed the event had he stuck to his original schedule.
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For example, the path length of point xi in Fig. 2 is greater than the path length of xj in Fig. 3. More formally, let X = { x1, ..., xn } be a set of d-dimensional points and X’ ⊂ X a subset of X. An Isolation Tree (iTree) is defined as a data structure with the following properties: # for each node T in the Tree, T is either an external-node with no child, or an internal-node with one “test” and exactly two daughter nodes (Tl, Tr) # a test at node T consists of an attribute q and a split value p such that the test q < p determines the traversal of a data point to either Tl or Tr. In order to build an iTree, the algorithm recursively divides X’ by randomly selecting an attribute q and a split value p, until either (i) the node has only one instance or (ii) all data at the node have the same values. When the iTree is fully grown, each point in X is isolated at one of the external nodes.
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Stepping through the items of a tree, by means of the connections between parents and children, is called walking the tree, and the action is a walk of the tree. Often, an operation might be performed when a pointer arrives at a particular node. A walk in which each parent node is traversed before its children is called a pre-order walk; a walk in which the children are traversed before their respective parents are traversed is called a post-order walk; a walk in which a node's left subtree, then the node itself, and finally its right subtree are traversed is called an in-order traversal. (This last scenario, referring to exactly two subtrees, a left subtree and a right subtree, assumes specifically a binary tree.) A level-order walk effectively performs a breadth-first search over the entirety of a tree; nodes are traversed level by level, where the root node is visited first, followed by its direct child nodes and their siblings, followed by its grandchild nodes and their siblings, etc.
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Additionally, many specialized methods were developed for BVHs, especially ones based on AABB (axis-aligned bounding boxes), such as parallel building, SIMD accelerated traversal, good split heuristics (SAH - surface-area heuristic is often used in ray tracing), wide trees (4-ary and 16-ary trees provide some performance benefits, both in build and query performance for practical scenes), and quick structure update (in real time applications objects might be moving or deforming spatially relatively slowly or be still, and same BVH can be updated to be still valid without doing a full rebuild from scratch). BVHs also naturally support inserting and removing objects without full rebuild, but with resulting BVH having usually worse query performance compared to full rebuild. To solve these problems (as well as quick structure update being sub-optimal), the new BVH could be built asynchronously in parallel or synchronously, after sufficient change is detected (leaf overlap is big, number of insertions and removals crossed the threshold, and other more refined heuristics). BVHs can also be combined with scene graph methods, and geometry instancing, to reduce memory usage, improve structure update and full rebuild performance, as well as guide better object or primitive splitting.
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This extends into situations where bulk data can be sent over a less reliable but higher-bandwidth (capacity) and cheaper or faster link, whilst parity data for reconstructing bad packets or supporting determinancy in fuzzy-state weakly determined data can be sent over more reliable but lower-bandwidth and more expensive or more latency-incurring link. The session and control data can be completely decentralised, removing the tromboned line altogether, under a suitable multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network system. In this case, the aggregate media and session control data may be distributed across the network in a dynamic best-possible solution form that meets the link criteria of both the individual peer and the constraints of the network infrastructure (other peers, basestations, etc.), which may vary between each individual peers. A subscription service may primarily support paying members, but allocate a certain amount of under-utilised bandwidth to provide longhaul access to non- paying members, with the assumption that these members will in turn provide paying members with traversal of bulk media data within a geographical area, or even high-latency propagation across cells.
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Tree rotation A binary tree is a structure consisting of a set of nodes, one of which is designated as the root node, in which each remaining node is either the left child or right child of some other node, its parent, and in which following the parent links from any node eventually leads to the root node. (In some sources, the nodes described here are called "internal nodes", there exists another set of nodes called "external nodes", each internal node is required to have exactly two children, and each external node is required to have zero children. The version described here can be obtained by removing all the external nodes from such a tree.) For any node in the tree, there is a subtree of the same form, rooted at and consisting of all the nodes that can reach by following parent links. Each binary tree has a left-to-right ordering of its nodes, its inorder traversal, obtained by recursively traversing the left subtree (the subtree at the left child of the root, if such a child exists), then listing the root itself, and then recursively traversing the right subtree.
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CCP Games wanted the game to be more similar to live action role-playing games than massively multiplayer online games; to achieve this, they focused on encouraging human interactions and social gameplay by rewarding players for creating social networks, similarly to those in the World of Darkness tabletop games. Comparing it to Eve Online, they were hoping to attract a larger number of female players, citing Eve Online lack of accessibility, its complexity, and bad game design as reasons women would be less likely to be interested in it, as well as its science-fiction setting compared to World of Darkness supernatural horror. Influenced by the games DayZ and Rust, CCP Games wanted World of Darkness to have an open world and unstructured game mechanics, allowing for natural player interactions. The developers also wanted the game to focus on traversal and movement in a vampiric, "super-powered individual" manner, something McDonough described as akin to a "vampire simulator"; they did not plan to put much focus on developing functionality for human player characters at launch, but considered adding expansions later on for human characters who are hunters or mages.
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D-2 joined the Atlantic Torpedo Fleet as Flagboat for Submarine Division 3 (SubDiv 3). Along the United States East Coast, D-2 joined in diving, torpedo, and experimental exercises. She participated in the Presidential Review of the Fleet in the North River at New York City from 5 to 18 May 1915. While patrolling outside Naval Station Newport, Rhode Island, just three nautical miles east of Point Judith shortly before 14:00 on 7 October 1916, D-2 discovered the Imperial German Navy submarine SM U-53 under the command of Hans Rose heading towards Newport, Rhode Island, as part of her hitherto unprecedented two-way traversal of the Atlantic Ocean without refueling or resupply. The United States was still neutral in World War I, but there was an initial flurry of activity when U-53 suddenly steamed away to port believing the submerged D-2 to be a British submarine, but when D-2 surfaced so that a crewman could run aft to raise the United States flag, U-53 slowed. Lieutenant G. C. Fulker, USN, commanding officer of D-2, brought his submarine up close to U-53 on a parallel course to escort U-53 while in sight of land.
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