Chudhary's parents and cousin, who were present, would sign as sureties.
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Manafort also proposed no longer requiring his wife and daughter to serve as sureties.
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Of Meng's $10 million bail, $3 million of that is pledged by her sureties.
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Naqvi said Crown prosecutors must use sureties less often and impose bail conditions more judiciously.
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The Crown said that he would have to provide two additional sureties amounting to $200,000 each.
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Lawyers, judges and criminologists have said sureties penalize people who are poor or whose communities are heavily policed.
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The assets to be sold to BPCE are consumer financing, factoring, leasing, sureties and guarantees, and securities services businesses.
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But in the 1800s, as people had trouble finding personal sureties, courts shifted to the use of "secured" money bail.
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In other words, he fails even by his own lax standards, let alone the moral sureties that had once underpinned the genre.
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Sowore was granted bail so long as a number of conditions were met including the provision of 100 million naira ($277,777) with two sureties.
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But the title, which seems to promise solid facts, then undercuts that promise by calling such supposed sureties "fabrications," is another of DeSiano's aesthetic feints.
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Of Meng's $10 million bail, $3 million is pledged by her sureties, the people responsible for making sure she complies with the orders set forth by the court.
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If you aspire to write, put aside all the niceties and sureties about what art should be and write something that makes the scales fall from our eyes.
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When cure-all good health is promised via the exclusion of whole food groups, that might be to go against the grain of one of the few nutritional sureties we have.
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If Manafort flees and the value of the four properties ends up being less than $10 million, Manafort's wife and daughter have agreed to serve as sureties to make up the difference.
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He accused the DSS of "aggravating the felony of contempt of court by asking sureties who had been verified by the trial court to report in its office for an illegal verification".
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If Manafort fled and the value of the four properties was less than $10 million, Manafort's wife and daughter would have to have agreed to serve as sureties to make up the difference.
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If Manafort does flee and the value of the four properties ends up being less than $10 million, Manafort's wife and daughter have agreed to serve as sureties to make up the difference.
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VANCOUVER (Reuters) - Huawei Technologies Co Ltd Chief Financial Officer Meng Wanzhou's lawyer told a Canadian court on Tuesday that her client has applied for an alteration in the sureties for her bail conditions.
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The $10 million CAD includes $7 million CAD cash and $3 million CAD more from five or more guarantors, presented by Meng and her attorney's as sureties that she would remain in the country.
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VANCOUVER, Jan 29 (Reuters) - Huawei Technologies Co Ltd Chief Financial Officer Meng Wanzhou's lawyer told a Canadian court on Tuesday that her client has applied for an alteration in the sureties for her bail conditions.
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In the colonies, as in England, those who were eligible for pretrial release relied on friends and family ("personal sureties") who agreed to pay an agreed-upon amount if they failed to appear at court.
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Under Jackson's December order, Manafort will be allowed to leave home confinement once he submits a series of documents to the court, including forfeiture agreement and records verifying that his family members have the necessary assets on hand to serve as sureties.
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Current and former prosecutors interviewed for this story said securing a surety can be onerous and the requirement is perhaps relied upon too often; but some said sureties remain the best way to protect the public and ensure defendants show up for trial.
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In a ruling this year, Canada's Supreme Court called sureties "one of the most onerous forms of release," not to be used unless other options have been considered, such as programs that assign a case worker and require the accused to check in regularly with the courts.
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Jackson's December order required Manafort's wife and daughter to serve as sureties and certify that they had $7 million in cash or securities on hand in case the value of the real estate was less than $10 million, but Manafort in his new proposal asked to remove the surety requirement.
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Lindbergh wins an upset victory, of course, and Roth is damning in his portrait of how quickly the political system adjusts, how easily it abandons its old sureties to embrace a new inevitability: Though on the morning after the election disbelief prevailed, especially among the pollsters, by the next everybody seemed to understand everything.
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Sureties were the prime enforcers in early Irish law. They were not government officials, but rather sureties who were appointed to enforce a contract or other legal relationship. Berad Airechta, the law tract that deals most with sureties, offers formulaic speeches the contractors may have recited ceremonially to appoint sureties and make the sureties swear to perform their duties properly. In addition to sureties appointed for specific contracts, relatives might be expected to act as sureties in cases where they were not specifically bound.
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The court may require that sureties (persons similar to co-signers on a loan) be added to the recognizance. The court has the ability to name specific individuals as sureties. Sureties can apply to the court to be relieved of their obligations. This will usually result in the accused being arrested and held for a new release hearing.
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Upon her release she was given a twelve-month good behavior bond with £300 of her own money and two sureties of £100 each. She was unable to find the sureties and was returned to jail.
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There is also evidence that most sureties were either relatives or lords of the contractor.Binchy 1979, p. 70 Three types of sureties appear in Irish law. The naidm (and in earlier texts macc) refers to a surety who is expected to enforce payment from the contractor.
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The sureties of Henry the Sheriff are Geoffrey de Greselega, John fitz Philip, and Milo de Verdun. The sureties of Henry de Verdun are Geoffrey de Greslega, Milo de Verdun, Robert de Mere, and Robert de Acoure. Henry was the son of Bertram de Verdun (III) of Alton Castle, Staffordshire. He married Hawise, daughter of Engenulf de Gresley.
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Section 11 guarantees that every person detained prior to trial are bailable by sufficient sureties, save for Capital offenses, subject to specific exceptions.
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Franchise was in ordinary at Woolwich in 1815. She was put up for sale at Deptford in January of that year. Anyone wishing to purchase her had to put up a bond of two sureties, for £3000, not to sell or otherwise dispose of the ship. To regain their sureties the purchaser had to break her up within twelve months from the day of sale.
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Contents of bond :78. Power to reject sureties :79. Imprisonment in default of security :80. Power to release person imprisoned for failing to give security :81.
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In 1215 he was one of the twenty-five sureties of Magna Carta of King John. He succeeded to his father’s estates (including Framlingham Castle) in 1221.
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Charles Henry Timperley, A Dictionary of Printers and Printing (1839), p. 848; Google Books. Being unable to pay the fine or find sureties, he remained in gaol.
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Another option is release on recognizance with deposit of money or valuable securities by the accused, but without sureties. This option requires the consent of the prosecutor.
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Literally Shearing of the Court, Fergus Kelly suggests that this might mean more loosely "court summary" or "synopsis of court procedure."Kelly 1988, p. 278 The text deals with a number of topics for judicial procedure, but most importantly on the role of the various types of sureties. Interesting, it covers the ways that sureties were appointed to their duties, and hence it is informative on the way contracts were created.
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Lower honour-prices limited the ability to act as sureties and as witnesses. Those of higher status could "over-swear" the oaths of those of lower status.Kelly 1988, various pages.
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Some led William Viel and his brother, however, refused to take part on account on an earlier joint attempt to capture Lisbon 1142. Hostages were exchanged as sureties for the oaths.
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733 and a similar remedy is also open to the surety in America.See Brandt on Suretyship, p. 290 ¶205 Extent of surety's liability In neither of these countries nor in Scotland can one of several sureties, when sued for the whole guaranteed debt by the creditor, compel the latter to divide his claim among the sureties, and reduce it to the share and proportion of each surety. However, this beneficium divisionis, as it is called in Roman law, is recognized by many existing codes.
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In the event of the bankruptcy of a surety, proof can be made against his estate by a co-surety for any excess over the latter's contributive share. The right of contribution is not the only right possessed by co-sureties against each other, but they are also entitled to the benefit of all securities which have been taken by any one of them as an indemnity against the liability incurred for the principal debtor. The Roman law did not recognize the right of contribution among sureties.
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In the week following the adjournment, the court began hearing on the defendant's bail plea. Justice H.A. Nganjiwa said Dahiru should be granted a ₦3 million bail with two sureties in like sum. The sureties must be resident within the jurisdiction of the court while one must be a civil servant of not less than level 12 and the other a renowned title holder. Both must provide 3 years tax clearance certificate, while the public servant must also submit a letter of first appointment and last promotion letter.
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He was released after three months, when he had signed an undertaking and given sureties that he would prepare the texts for the polyglot. He completed his great task some time before his death, at the age of 71.
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He added a codicil on 8 July 1549 requiring Constance to enter into sureties to her stepson, William, concerning property in the Blackfriars, London. More died 16 August 1549, and was buried in the Loseley Chapel in St. Nicolas' Church, Guildford..
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If a creditor claims and obtains a Grant of Administration, the court compels him or her to enter into a bond with two sureties that he or she will not prefer his or her own debt to those of other creditors.
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David Reid, ed, History of the House of Angus, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 2005), pp. 242-3. Crawford was sent a prisoner to Edinburgh Castle, but on 14 June was permitted to pass to his house at Cairnie in Fife on giving sureties again to enter into ward on fifteen days' notice. For his failure to act on this arrangement on 5 March 1579, his sureties, David Lindsay of Edzell and Patrick Lindsay, 6th Lord Lindsay were fined, and on 1 September they gave caution in £20,000 for his appearance at the Tolbooth of Edinburgh on 3 November.
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An earlier bridge at Aberarth was destroyed by floods in 1846. Calls for tenders to rebuild the bridge were made early in 1847. Along with plans, costs and sureties, the successful tender would have to include maintaining the bridge for seven years.
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Peace bonds, or "sureties for good behavior", appear to have been in common use in the early history of the United States.See A. Sidney Childress, Peace Bonds—Ancient Anachronisms or Viable Crime Prevention Devices?, 21 Am. J. Crim. L. 407 (1994); State v.
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Mr Abbott spoke to the prisoners at length, finally demanding that each of them offer surety of £50 and find two more sureties each of £10 or one more each of £20. Mr Abbott then thanked the jury for their services. The court adjourned.
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To reduce the risk of default, some organizers also require subscribers who win auctions to submit sureties for their future liabilities. Since chit fund payments are not insured by the government, the system is a riskier method of saving than using a bank savings account.
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219 The surety cannot be made liable except for a loss sustained by reason of the default guaranteed against. Moreover, in the case of a joint and several guarantee by several sureties, unless all sign it none are liable thereunder.National Pro. Bank of England v.
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The manslaughter charge concerned the death of Henry Proskunik, fireman aboard the troop train. Bail was set at $5,000, and Magistrate P.J. Moran required any sureties to appear before him, making it difficult for Atherton's connections in Saskatchewan to obtain his release. Atherton was released from custody on January 24, as Prince George furniture store owner Alex Moffat and local CNR employee William Reynolds each posted sureties valued at $2,500. After his wife's death in February 1951, Diefenbaker travelled to Vancouver in early March to take the British Columbia bar examination, which the Prince George Citizen called "a formality which will cost him $1500".
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I, Victor, surety, do further agree to become surety and bail for the aforesaid Serenus, deacon and administrator, in the discharge and fulfillment of his stewardship; and if he is shown to be in arrears in comparison with his cheques and receipts, to discharge the debt and satisfy your magnificence out of my own private means, renouncing the privilege of sureties, and contrary to the new ordinance issued about sureties and persons accepting responsibility. We both pledge for the observance of this contract all our property present and future, whether held by ourselves or by our families, to be security and to serve as a pledge.
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They then arrested him on a charge of attempted suicide. Although accompanied by friends willing to pay a bail, this was refused and he remained imprisoned in Horfield Prison until the 30th, then "discharged ... upon furnishing sureties that he would make no further effort to jump from the bridge". Unable to raise both a £200 bail and two "sureties" of £100, he spent a month in prison and planned to attempt the bridge again after a six-month good behaviour bond expired in December. On September 21, a newspaper reported that he "was very unhappy", and on a £400 bond, expiring October 6, not to jump off anything.
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The Magna Charta Sureties, 1215: The Barons Named in the Magna Charta, 1215, and Some of Their Descendants who Settled in America During the Early Colonial Years. Genealogical Publishing Com. Her two husbands were Piers Gaveston and Hugh de Audley, 1st Earl of Gloucester.Richardson, D., & Everingham, K. G. (2004).
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The fund also promotes culturally and educationally sophisticated computer games. Since the summer of 2009, the Bavarian Bank Fund engages in sureties for new films. For productions from students and graduates of the HFF Munich, a surety of a maximum of €135,000 may be requested for each project.
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This required the counting of every coin in the facility, including cents and nickels. After consulting with the sureties on his bond as superintendent, Bosbyshell objected to resigning until the count (expected to take three months) was complete, but nevertheless left office as directed on March 31, 1894.
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On release the offender then had to provide sureties to be of good behaviour for another 6 months. For a second offence, the punishment was 2 years' imprisonment followed by another 2 years of good behaviour under surety. A third offence was a felony, punishable with death by hanging. Section 3 provided that a person who committed an offence under section 2 and then committed the same offence again within 10 days, or was found in possession of more counterfeit money within 10 days was to be deemed "a common utterer of false money" and sentenced to 1 year imprisonment and then provide sureties for his good behaviour for another 2 years.
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He was imprisoned for eighteen months and bound over for three years in the sum of £400, with two other sureties of £200 to be found.(events of May) By then, the Manchester Observer had ceased publication, its final editorial recommending its readers to read the recently founded Manchester Guardian.
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She was a daughter of Berengar II, Count of Sulzbach (c. 1080 – 3 December 1125) and his second wife Adelheid of Wolfratshausen. In 1111, Berengar was among the nobles attending the coronation of Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor. He is mentioned among the sureties of documents related to the coronation.
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The Oxford book of Welsh verse. Oxford University Press, 1962. pp. 138–141 Welsh law was still used for civil cases such as land inheritance, contracts, sureties and similar matters, though with changes, for example illegitimate sons could no longer claim part of the inheritance.Davies Conquest, coexistence and change p.
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On 16 January 1685 he was convicted at the Wakefield sessions for 'a riotous assembly' in his house. Refusing to pay a fine of £50, and to give sureties for good behaviour, he was imprisoned in York Castle until the end of the year.Sheils, W. (2004-09-23). Heywood, Oliver (bap.
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Mermaid was first offered for sale at Plymouth on 9 August 1815. The buyer had to post bond of £3000, with two sureties, that he would not resell her and that he would break her up within 12 months from the date of sale. She was broken up at Plymouth in November 1815.
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In England, the Magna Carta 1215 clause 9 set out rules that people's land would not be seized if they had chattels or money to repay debts.Magna Carta 1215 cl 9, "Neither we nor our bailiffs shall seize any land or rent for any debt, so long as the chattels of the debtor are sufficient to repay the debt; nor shall the sureties of the debtor be distrained so long as the principal debtor is able to satisfy the debt; and if the principal debtor shall fail to pay the debt, having nothing wherewith to pay it, then the sureties shall answer for the debt; and let them have the lands and rents of the debtor, if they desire them, until they are indemnified for the debt which they have paid for him, unless the principal debtor can show proof that he is discharged thereof as against the said sureties" The Bankruptcy Act 1542 introduced the modern principle of pari passu (i.e. proportional) distribution of losses among creditors. However, the 1542 Act still reflected the ancient notion that people who could not pay their debts were criminals, and required debtors to be imprisoned.
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The section on surety lays down the rules if a person acts as mach or surety, for example for a debt, and gives the provisions for various cases, such as where the debtor refuses to pay or denies the debt and where the surety denies the suretyship or contests the sum involved. Rules are also given for the giving and forfeiting of gages. Another aspect is amod or contract, usually made by the two parties calling amodwyr who are witnesses to prove the terms agreed by the parties. It is laid down that: In what is thought to be an archaic survival in some versions of Iorwerth it is stated that women are not entitled to act as sureties or to give sureties.
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When McGuire failed to appear for trial in Connecticut in October 1866, the cash bond was forfeited. The Connecticut bondsmen sought relief from the forfeiture on grounds that they were not at fault in failing to secure McGuire's appearance, but rather that his nonappearance was the result of his extradition to Maine—an intervening "act of law" under the Extradition Clause of the U.S. Constitution. The Supreme Court, by a vote of 4 to 3 (two justices recused themselves) held that the sureties were at fault and were not protected by the Extradition Clause. The sureties' "supineness and neglect" in failing to keep up with McGuire and to inform the New York authorities of the pending Connecticut case caused McGuire's nonappearance.
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The Bail Act 1898 (61 & 62 Vict c 7) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It amended the Indictable Offences Act 1848, which gave justices the power to give bail on sureties, to allow the justices to dispense with the need for sureties if they felt that doing so would not "tend to defeat the ends of justice"; this prevented the unhelpful situation where someone who was at no risk of absconding was kept imprisoned for long periods of time because they could not find the wherewithal to post bail.The public general acts passed in the sixty-first & sixty-second years of the reign of her majesty Queen Victoria. London: printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1898.
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The usual mode in England of enforcing liability under a guarantee is by action in the High Court or a County Court. It is also permissible for the creditor to obtain redress by means of a set-off or counterclaim, in an action brought against him by the surety. On the other hand, the surety may now, in any court in which the action on the guarantee is pending, avail himself of any set-off which may exist between the principal debtor and the creditor. Moreover, if one of several sureties for the same debt is sued by the creditor or his guarantee, he can, by means of a third- party complaint, claim contribution from his co-sureties towards the common liability.
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Men were linked together by a variety of surety relationships by > which they guaranteed one another for the righting of wrongs, and for the > enforcement of justice and the decisions of the brehons. In short, the > brehons themselves were not involved in the enforcement of decisions, which > rested again with private individuals linked through sureties.
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If the accused is not an ordinary resident of the province where they are in custody, or they do not ordinarily reside within 200 kilometres of the place where they are in custody, the court can require that they deposit a sum of money or valuable security. Sureties are an option in this situation.
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The Vagabonds Act 1383 (7 Ric. II, c. 5) was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of England passed in 1383. It empowered Justices of Assize, Justices of the Peace or county sheriffs to bind over vagabonds for good behaviour, or to commit them to the assizes if sureties could not be given.
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The British Foreign Secretary had issued a warrant for the Wakefields' arrest; William was arrested in Dover a couple of days later. He was taken to Cheshire, where magistrates debated his offence. They committed him to Lancaster Castle to await trial. The Court of King's Bench later released him on £2,000 bail and two sureties of £1,000 each.
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The consul replied the Romans would not accept him as a judge for their disputes with other peoples. They did not fear him as a foe, and would fight and exact penalties they wished. Pyrrhus should think who he would offer as sureties for the payment of penalties. He also invited Pyrrhus to put his issues before the Senate.
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They moved to St. Mary's City, Maryland, in 1686 and established a press that primarily printed government forms. Following her husband's death in 1695, Nuthead appeared before the Prerogative Court and requested that she be appointed administrator of his estate. John Coode was one of the sureties in her bond. She inherited the press and took over the business.
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'And all > others not finding sureties within said space, we shall pursue to the death > with fire and sword, and all other kinds of hostility.'. . . signed [by] > Lord Home, Walter Ker of Cessford, Thomas Ker of Fernihirst, and Sir Walter > Scott of Buccleuch. NOTE: Printed in Pitcairn's Criminal Trials, from the > Original in H.M. General Register House, Edinburgh.
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Nemesis was paid off in March 1814. She was offered for sale at Plymouth on 9 June 1814, and was sold that day for £1,610 on 9 June 1814.Winfield (2008), p.221. As was common with larger ships, the purchaser had to post bond, with two sureties, that he would break up his purchase within a year.
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He seems to have returned to prison and remained there until September 1582, when he declared his willingness to subscribe to his good allowance of the ministry of the church of England and to the Book of Common Prayer.’ After giving sureties for his future conformity, he was released. He was subsequently rector of Dennington, Suffolk, from 1589 until his death in 1624.
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The warrants for Solomon's arrest finally arrived in November 1829 aboard the Lady of the Lake. Hobart authorities immediately arrested him. Solomon's counsel, however, had him brought before the court on a writ of habeas corpus. The judge approved Solomon's release because of a technical fault in the London warrants, but fixed bail at £2000, with four sureties of £500.
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He then served his six months in prison. Attempts to remove him from his post were in vain. In November he managed to sell it for £700 and used the sum to pay the sureties for his good behaviour before being discharged. He died about a month later, probably as a result of complications from injuries received in the pillory.
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He was released to accompany Andrew Knox, Bishop of the Isles and was present at Iona when the Statutes of Icolmkill was consented to. Mac Dòmhnuill travelled to Edinburgh for an audience with the King and gave sureties for his reappearance before the Privy Council in May 1611. He died at Rothesay on 21 October 1614, and was buried at Saddell Abbey.
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Hugh Stucley (c. 1398 – before 1457),Frederick Lewis Weis, Walter Lee Sheppard, William Ryland Beall, The Magna Charta Sureties, 1215: The Barons Named in the Magna Charta, 1215, 5th Edition, Baltimore, USA, 1999, p.114; 13 December 1457 administration of his estate granted to his widow Sheriff of Devon in 1448, who married Catherine de Affeton (died 1467), heiress of Affeton also heiress of East Worlington, West Worlington, Bradford Tracy, Bridgerule, Meshaw, Stoodleigh and Thelbridge, all in Devon; of Trent and Chilton Cantelowe in Somerset; and of Preston, Halfhyde and St Mary Blanford in Dorset.Magna Charta Sureties, p.114 He was the second son of Richard Stucley (died 1441) of Trent, and of Chewton Mendip both in Somerset, and of Merston in Sussex, three times Member of Parliament for Sussex, in 1415, March 1416 and 1417.
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It took the jury five minutes to find Walker, Butcher and Crow guilty and Nicholas, Wilson and Jefferson not guilty. Brought to the bar next was Henry Benson, a farmer who was out on bail, charged with inciting to riot. Benson was held in surety for £400 plus two other sureties for £200 each. He was to appear for trial at the next assizes.
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Nine people arrested on 22 April 2019 and formally charged with supplying equipment used in connection with an act of terrorism appeared in Colombo Magistrates Court on 6 May 2019. They were released on bail of two sureties of LKR500,000 each (approx. $3,000), as the court found the case against them was weak. The police launched an investigation to determine whether Wellampitiya police had erred.
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Miss Eliza (who preferred Elizabeth) Edwards was appointed Post Mistress, with a salary A₤12 per year. Her sureties were neighbours Robert and George MacIntosh, orchardists. The post office business was conducted in a bedroom at the rear of the cottage. The mail came once a week, later on, twice, the mail carrier was first Michael Fagan, later Foley and Porter names were given.
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The officer in charge can require the individual to enter into a recognizance, committing the person to pay up to $500 if the person fails to appear in court. No sureties are required. The person does not actually need to deposit the money with the officer in charge, unless the person is not ordinarily resident in the province or within 200 kilometres of the place of custody.
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If the circumstances giving rise to the solidary obligation only concern one of the obligors, then that obligor is liable for the whole obligation. The other obligors are only considered sureties. This means that although the unconcerned parties may be forced to pay the obligee some or all of the money, they can seek the entirety of their contribution from the concerned obligor in full.
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In August 1870, Virginius was purchased by an American, John F. Patterson, acting secretly as an agent for Cuban insurgent Manuel Quesada and two US citizens, Marshall O. Roberts and J.K. Roberts. The ship was originally captained by Francis Sheppherd. Both Patterson and Shepphard immediately registered the ship in the New York Custom House, having paid $2,000 to be bonded. However, no sureties were listed.
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If a person convicted of this offence ever uttered or tendered false coin in payment again, he was guilty of felony without benefit of clergy. Section 6 made it a crime to "make, coin or counterfeit any brass or copper money, commonly called a halfpenny or a farthing," to be punished with 2 years' imprisonment followed by providing sureties for another 2 years' good behaviour.
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Lamar, Missouri, subpoena signed by Constable Wyatt Earp, February 28, 1870. Earp went through a downward spiral after Urilla's death, and he had a series of legal problems. On March 14, 1871, Barton County, Missouri, filed a lawsuit against him and his sureties. He was in charge of collecting license fees for Lamar which funded local schools, and he was accused of failing to turn them in.
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On one charge he was sentenced to six months imprisonment and fined £100; on the other he was given a further six months, and bound over to keep the peace for two years, to give a surety of £200 and to find two other sureties of £50 each. The specimen charges related not to anything in the Observer, but to articles in Sherwin's Weekly Political Register, which Wroe had sold. The sentences were said to have been reduced because of the distressed state of the Wroes: his successor Evans was subsequently (June 1821) convicted on one charge of seditious libel (and one of libel on a private individual) by the Observer, imprisoned for eighteen months and bound over for three years in the sum of £400, two other sureties of £200 to be found.(events of May) By then the 11 members of the first Little Circle excluding William Cowdroy Jnr.
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" The other money was to go to the Trustees of the Massachusetts General Hospital. The trust deed also said "not doubting that they will faithfully and conscientiously discharge and execute the trusts hereby reposed in them, and being desirous of relieving them from the burden of procuring sureties for large sums - I do request and direct that they may not be required to give any other than their own bonds respectively, without sureties, conditioned for the performance and execution of the said trusts; and I do order and direct, that they shall not be held responsible for the acts, doings, and defaults of each other, but shall simply be accountable respectively each for his own acts, doings, and defaults, as such trustees. Francis Amory, the surviving trustee, tendered his resignation in 1828. Harvard College and the Massachusetts Hospital sued him, because the accounts showed a loss of money on the investments.
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A letter which Burdett wrote on Jones's treatment led to his committal to Newgate. In this same year, 26 November 1810, Jones was sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment, and ordered to provide sureties to keep the peace for three years, for a libel on Lord Castlereagh. The rumour that he was ill-treated in this prison was found, on the investigation of Coleridge and Daniel Stuart, to be groundless.
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As Apache County became more developed, the constituency began to wonder if Owens had the skills to be as good an administrator as he was a fighter. Additionally, Owens had problems retaining his bonds and his sureties. Owens would have "twenty-three different citizens underwriting his honesty and effectiveness in office." The outlaws Robert W. "Red" McNeil and Grant S. "Kid" Swingle continued to escape his attempts to capture them.
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William Wayte was Gardiner's stepson, described in another document as "a certain loose person of no reckoning or value being wholly under the rule and commandment of said Gardiner".Leslie Hoson, Shakespeare versus Swallow, 1931, p. 24-30. 1596 Michaelmas term court order entry of a petition for sureties of the peace by William Wayte against William Shakespeare, Francis Langley, and others. Shakespeare's role in this dispute is unclear.
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On 23 February, Coutts appeared before judge Alfred Stephen and was given bail on £1,000 worth of sureties. The case was delayed and on 10 May 1848, the Attorney General, John Plunkett, decided not to proceed with the case. Plunkett did this even though he had a very strong suspicion of Coutts' guilt and was aware that justice was being "entirely evaded" by this decision. Coutts was subsequently discharged and returned to Kangaroo Creek.
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The accused argued that they were simply intervening in Wenlock as justices of the Peace, enforcing the law against malefactors, including Talbot. Arundel put up bail and sureties, and used his influence to obtain pardons for his retainers. In August 1415, Corbet accompanied Arundel to Normandy as part of the king's resumption of the Hundred Years' War. Arundel fell ill at the Siege of Harfleur and was allowed to return to England.
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After the door was opened, the police raided the building, and detained all participants. The trial showed that some of the revellers were not from Manchester and were regulars of similar balls that were organized in several cities, as Leeds, or Nottingham. The men were boud over to keep the peace on two sureties of £25 each, a significant sum. Some were unable to pay it and ended up in prison as a result.
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If the court is satisfied that the accused should be released, there are a number of options available: an undertaking, a recognizance with or without sureties, or recognizance with a deposit. The court can impose additional conditions on each of these types of release. Failure to comply with the conditions of release can result in an arrest warrant being issued, or additional charges for failure to appear or failure to comply with conditions.
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On the completion of the work, the surveyor-general examined the survey but advised its rejection. A fresh committee accepted the survey on 17 May 1656. Petty's other requests were reserved for consideration, and only after a delay of more than six months were his sureties released, and his claim for pay acknowledged. After a delay, he received £18,532 for conducting the survey, to include payment for his assistants and general expenses.
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In 1977, warrants were issued for the arrest of the brothers for the importation of 700 tonnes of opium into Hong Kong between 1968 and 1974. Ma Sik-chun's brother, Ma Sik-yu escaped to Taiwan, where there was no extradition treaty with Hong Kong. Ma Sik-chun stayed in Hong Kong, and was charged in August 1977. He was granted bail of HK$500,000 cash plus two sureties totaling HK$1 million.
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James Arbuthnott of Arbuthnott had a Crown Charter of the feudal barony of Arbuthnott on 29 January 1507. He had married, by contract dated 31 August 1507, Jean, daughter of Sir John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl, a son of Sir James Stewart, 'The Black Knight of Lorn' by his wife Joan Beaufort, Dowager Queen of Scots.Weis, Frederick Lewis, et al., The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, 5th edition, Baltimore, Md., 1999, p.117-118, .
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Geoffrey de Mandeville, 2nd Earl of Essex and 4th Earl of Gloucester (c. 1191 – 23 February 1216) was an English peer. He was an opponent of King John and one of the Magna Carta sureties. Geoffrey and his brother took the surname Mandeville because of the lineage of their mother, Beatrice de Say, who was a granddaughter of Beatrice de Mandeville, the sister of Geoffrey de Mandeville, Earl of Essex (d. 1144).
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Being deeply suspicious of Ardincaple's dealings with Glenstrae, one of Argyll's first moves was to bring acts against Ardincaple.Irving 1879, 1: p. 212. On 17 March 1603, Aulay MacAulay of Ardincaple and his sureties were ordered to appear and answer for aiding, supplying, and intercommuning with Alasdair MacGregor of Glenstrae and other MacGregors. He was also to answer for not "rising ye fray" and pursuing the outlawed clan Gregor in the Lennox.
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At the bottom of the bill were the names of the pledges to prosecute. These were similar to the bills issued by the Court of Eyre. Those subpoenas issued in Chancery at the time of Henry VI of England were required to have a pledge attached. Statute at that time prohibited the issue of a writ of subpoena until the plaintiff had found sureties to satisfy the defendant's damages if he did not prevail in his case.
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In 1866, sureties made an $8,000 cash bond for Edward McGuire in Connecticut, after he was charged with grand larceny. While awaiting trial in Connecticut, McGuire returned to his home in New York. Unknown to the bondsmen in Connecticut, McGuire was wanted in Maine for another felony. Upon request from the Governor of Maine later in 1866, the Governor of New York extradited McGuire to Maine, where he was convicted of burglary in 1867 and imprisoned for fifteen years.
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A variation was for the defendant to give gage, or sureties, in an action of debt, and "that at a certain day assigned he would take a law, or oath, in open court, that he did not owe the debt, and at the same time bring with him eleven neighbors (called compurgators), who should avow upon their oaths that they believed in their consciences that he spoke the truth" (see the Tractatus of Glanvill, c. 1188).
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Cú Roí's name also appears in two examples of medieval Welsh literature. First, it occurs in the corrupt form Cubert m. Daere in the Middle Welsh tale Culhwch ac Olwen, along with the names of other characters of the Ulster Cycle – Conchobor, Fergus, Conall Cernach and Lóegaire Búadach. Here the Irish heroes form one group out of a long list of King Arthur's warriors whose names Culhwch invokes as his sureties when he demands entry to King Arthur's court.
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Three accomplices (John Levee, Richard Oakey and Matthew Flood) were hanged on the strength of Blake's testimony in February 1723. Blueskin expected to be released and to receive some of the reward money for securing the convictions, but he was confined in Wood Street Compter instead, under threat of deportation. Eventually, Blake found sureties for his good behaviour, and was released in June 1724. He quickly joined forces with notorious thief and gaol- breaker Jack Sheppard.
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In 1567 Oxford was admitted to Gray's Inn, one of the Inns of Court which Justice Shallow reminisces about in Henry IV, Part 2. Sobran observes that the Sonnets "abound not only in legal terms – more than 200 – but also in elaborate legal conceits." These terms include: allege, auditor, defects, exchequer, forfeit, heirs, impeach, lease, moiety, recompense, render, sureties, and usage. Shakespeare also uses the legal term "quietus" (final settlement) in Sonnet 134, the last Fair Youth sonnet.
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Assange denied the allegations and said he was happy to face questions in Britain. On 20 November 2010, the Swedish police issued an international arrest warrant. On 8 December 2010, Assange gave himself up to British police and attended his first extradition hearing where he was remanded in custody. On 16 December 2010, at the second hearing, he was granted bail by the High Court and released after his supporters paid £240,000 in cash and sureties.
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Archive records from the court indicate that this related to the granting and revoking of letters of marque and the provision of sureties by masters or shipowners. After the death of Ellis Bent, deputy judge advocate of the colony and also judge of this court, his brother Jeffery Hart Bent, offered to serve as judge. Jeffery Bent was the judge of the Supreme Court of Civil Judicature. His offer was declined by Governor Hunter and he was never commissioned.
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KredEx is a state-owned credit and export guarantee fund (not a public bank), created in 2001 by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications as a not-for- profit entity. Sureties and guarantees issued by KredEx are fully backed by a state guarantee. It was established as a body governed by private law, operating in the public interest according to State policies. KredEx works as a revolving fund that, among other activities, supports financing of energy efficiency projects.
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In 1654, James got into a dispute with Charles Rich which appeared to be leading to a duel. On 25 April 1654, the Lord Protector's Council reported. "The Lord President having last Saturday issued a warrant to take into custody Charles Rich and John James on information of a quarrel between them, both parties appeared before the Council where both were bound in £1,000 and two sureties in £1,000 not to fight each other, nor break the public peace".
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Pursers received no pay but were entitled to profits made through their business activities. In the 18th century a purser would buy his warrant for £65 and was required to post sureties totalling £2,100 with the Admiralty.Royal Navy Customs and Traditions They maintained and sailed the ships and were the standing officers of the navy, staying with the ships in port between voyages as caretakers supervising repairs and refitting. The Surgeon was the medical officer of the ship.
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In a 1988 article in the Cambridge Law Journal, British legal commentator David Feldman describes the power to "bind people over to be of good behaviour or to keep the peace" as a useful and common device used in the British criminal justice system, and explains the process as follows: The origins of the binding-over power are rooted in (1) the takings of sureties of the peace, which "emerged from the peace-keeping arrangements of Anglo-Saxon law, extended by the use of the royal prerogative and royal writs" and (2) the separate device of sureties of good behavior, which originated as a type of conditional pardon given by the king. The modern statutory authorization for binding-over powers is found in the Justices of the Peace Act 1361 and Justices of the Peace Act 1968. Section 150 of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000 empowered the criminal courts to "bind over a parent/guardian of a convicted youth to take proper care and exercise proper control" over the youth.
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A surety is entitled to contribution from a co-surety in respect of their common liability. This particular right is not the result of any contract, but is derived from an equity, on the ground of equality of burden and benefit, and exists whether the sureties be bound jointly, or jointly and severally, and by the same, or different, instruments. There is, however, no right of contribution where each surety is severally bound for a given portion only of the guaranteed debt; nor in the case of a surety for a surety;See In re Denton's Estate, 1904, 2 Ch. 178 C.A. nor where a person becomes a surety jointly with another and at the latter's request. Contribution may be enforced, either before payment, or as soon as the surety has paid more than his share of the common debt;Wolmershausen v. Gullick, 1893, 2 Ch. 514 and the amount recoverable is now always regulated by the number of solvent sureties, though formerly this rule only prevailed in equity.
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Johnston Fernando was arrested on 5 May 2015 in relation to the non-payment for goods worth more than 5 million rupees but was released on bail amounting to Rs. 25,000 and three sureties worth Rs. 2.5 million each. He is also being investigated on financial irregularities connected to Lanka Sathosa during his tenure as the Cooperatives and Internal Trade Minister. The bribery commission also filed a case against him for failing to declare assets and liabilities from 2010 to 2014.
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The three JPs now presumed that the case was too serious for Palmer to remain at Beverley House of Correction, and demanded sureties for his appearance at York Assizes. Turpin refused, and so on 16 October he was transferred to York Castle in handcuffs. Horse theft became a capital offence in 1545, punishable by death. During the 17th and 18th centuries, crimes in violation of property rights were some of the most severely punished; most of the 200 capital statutes were property offences.
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There are three Changes clauses for construction contracts contained in the Federal Acquisition Regulations. One applies to fixed-price contracts, another to cost reimbursement contracts, and the third to time and materials or labor hours.48 C.F.R. § 52.243-1 (Fixed Price), 52.243-2 (Cost Reimbursement), 52.243-3 (Time and Materials). All three of these clauses give the government the right, at any time and without notice to the sureties, to make changes in the work within the general scope of the contract.
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On 4 December 1559 he joined the other deprived bishops in a letter of remonstrance, and on 18 June 1560 he was committed for a short time to the Tower of London. He was afterwards placed in the custody of Edmund Grindal, bishop of London, and liberated by order of the privy council on 30 January 1565 on sureties for good behaviour. The rest of his life was passed in retirement, and he died at liberty, it is said, in 1570.
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It provides us information about five department of trade in the contemporary Chaulukya empire. They are "Vyapara Karana", "Velakula Karana", "Jalapatha Karana", "Tanka Shala" and "Mandapika Karana" which corresponds to Department of trade, harbours, waterways, custom and mint. It provides further detail regarding the practice of providing sureties for loans or collateral; as it appears to have become necessary for securing loans in the contemporary period. The failure to repay dues could result in selling of the mortgaged property of the debtor.
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When one of the club's guarantors pulled out of the deal Lord Ninian Crichton-Stuart, son of John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute, stepped in to cover the shortfall. In appreciation, the new ground was named Ninian Park. The other four guarantors for the site were David Alfred Thomas, 1st Viscount Rhondda, J. Bell Harrison and local councillors Charles Wall and H.C. Vivian. A further 24 people offered to become sureties if their contribution would be limited to £5.
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NASSI organises knowledge transfer workshops, conferences, exhibitions, trade-fairs and study tours, including the provision of advisory services for all relevant groups and individuals in business. Also, the association provides information on required global manufacturing standards, sources of raw materials, market situations, available plants and equipment. NASSI grants micro credit facilities to members and sometimes stands as sureties for verified and trusted SMEs in their relationship with finance institutions. The association connects its members to diverse opportunities within Nigeria and internationally.
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Bond sureties often require additional security, including personal guarantees by principals of the prime contractor, to protect themselves in the event that the prime contractor ceases doing business simultaneous with the default. This provides the prime contractor's principals with additional incentive to ensure the project is completed. #Payment Bonds: Subcontractors and material suppliers would otherwise be reluctant to work on such projects (knowing that sovereign immunity prevents the establishment of a mechanic's lien) - decreasing competition and driving up construction costs.
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He sided with the Barons against King John, even though he had previously sworn peace with the King at Northampton, and his castle of Tonbridge was taken. He played a leading part in the negotiations for Magna Carta, being one of the twenty five sureties. On 9 November 1215, he was one of the commissioners on the part of the Barons to negotiate the peace with the King. In 1215, his lands in counties Cambridge, Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex were granted to Robert de Betun.
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He was arrested by Conchobar and Tighearnán Ua Ruairc. > Ruaidhri, was taken by Toirdhealbhach Ua Conchobhair, in violation of laity > and clergy, relics and protection. These were the sureties: Muireadhach Ua > Dubhthaigh, with the clergy and laity of Connacht; Tadhg Ua Briain, lord of > Thomond; Tighearnan Ua Ruairc, lord of Breifne; and Murchadh, son of Gilla- > na-naemh Ua Fearghail, lord of Muintir-Anghaile. The clergy of Connacht, > with Muireadhach Ua Dubhthaigh, fasted at Rath-Brenainn, to get their > guarantee, but it was not observed for them.
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He received a pardon from the Queen. He found sureties for his debts, one of whom was Sir John Conway, a connection of his mother's. On a third trip abroad in 1582, Parry appears to have become a double agent, going over to the Catholic side and considering Elizabeth's assassination. He began by urging a policy of conciliation towards Catholics in England, and recommending pardon for some prominent catholic refugees, including John and Thomas Roper, Sir Thomas Copley, and Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland.
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The English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson and Katherine Marbury Scott: Including their Descent and that of John Dryden, Poet-Laureate, from Magna Charta Sureties with Notes on the English Connections of the Settlers William Wentworth and Christopher Lawson of New Hampshire and Francis Marbury of Maryland. Magee Publishing Company, Philadelphia. 60pp. Despite being a staunch Anglican, by 1645 Newman fell into political disfavor by being barred from the rectory of St. Peter's by Act of Parliament for a payment delinquency.pp. 373-376. In: Urwick, William (1884).
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Pyrrhus sent him a letter saying that he had come to the aid of the Tarentines and the Italic peoples and asking the Romans to leave him to settle their differences with the Tarentines, Lucanians and Samnites. He would arbitrate justly and redress any damage these peoples may have caused. He called on the Romans to offer sureties with respect to any charges against them and abide by his decisions. If Romans accepted this he would be their friend; if they did not, it would be war.
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On 14 April, Rashmi Singh gave an undertaking to the Delhi High Court that she won't take the child Aaliya without the court's permission. The court also asked her not take the child outside Delhi. The petition had filed by Ilyasi's parents that Rashmi might take the child to Canada. Then, Aaliya was two-and-a-half years old. On 2 June 2000, Ilyasi was granted bail by the Delhi High Court on a personal bail bond of and two sureties of the same amount.
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In 1215 Gilbert and his father were two of the barons made Magna Carta sureties and championed Louis "le Dauphin" of France in the First Barons' War, fighting at Lincoln under the baronial banner. He was taken prisoner in 1217 by William Marshal, whose daughter Isabel he later married on 9 October, her 17th birthday. In 1223 he accompanied his brother-in-law, Earl Marshal, in an expedition into Wales. In 1225 he was present at the confirmation of Magna Carta by Henry III.
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In 1528, Forman was arrested in London and his curate, Thomas Gerrard, was picked up in Oxford as part of a two-pronged investigation to the illicit book trade. He was interrogated by Cuthbert Tunstall, the bishop of London, and denied sending the books to Oxford but freely admitted having them in his possession. Tunstall was not convinced and advised Cardinal Wolsey to take sureties for good behavior. An intervention by Anne Boleyn, who wrote to Wolsey, allowed Forman and Garred to be released.
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Philip was High Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire in 1249, and of Norfolk and Suffolk in 1261, having also been summoned to Parliament in that year. He served in Poitou in 1254, and was imprisoned when on his way home through France at Pons. Philip was one of the sureties for the king in December 1263 and was one of his leading supporters at the Battle of Northampton in April 1264. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264.
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Co. Carlow, and amounts guaranteed by their sureties (1836) Each fund had considerable freedom over the way it operated, within defined limits. The Board, which could reduce salaries and wind up funds as needed, helped reduce fraud and increase depositor confidence. It also cut costs by defining standard operating procedures and a straightforward accounting system. Another advantage was that amounts from borrowers in default could be recovered by a warrant from a Justice of the Peace without the need to go through the courts.
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The role of a Justice of the Peace was to deal with 'offenders, rioters, and all other barators'. It empowered them to apprehend, arrest, and punish them, in accordance with the ' law and customs of the realm'. The Act empowered a Justice of the Peace to imprison offenders, bind them over with sureties to be of good behaviour towards The Crown and people of the realm, and set fines, specifying the fine should be 'reasonable and just' according to the circumstances of the offence.
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71: Robert de Bosco, accused of the death of John Buche, before M. de Patushill and his associate Justiciaries last Itinerant, withdrew himself; and Henry de Anestun (de Deneston), then Sheriff and Coroner, was commanded to put him in the exigenda and to outlaw him, because it was testified that he was guilty; and Henry de Verdun, Sheriff and Coroner, states he was not outlawed, but that they took sureties for him. They, i.e., the Sheriffs, are therefore in misericordiâ, and Robert is taken into custody.
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In 1143, the same crisis played out again: > His own son, i.e. Ruaidhri, was taken by Toirdhealbhach Ua Conchobhair, in > violation of laity and clergy, relics and protection. These were the > sureties: Muireadhach Ua Dubhthaigh, with the clergy and laity of Connacht; > Tadhg Ua Briain, lord of Thomond; Tighearnan Ua Ruairc, lord of Breifne; and > Murchadh, son of Gilla-na-naemh Ua Fearghail, lord of Muintir-Anghaile. The > clergy of Connacht, with Muireadhach Ua Dubhthaigh, fasted at Rath-Brenainn, > to get their guarantee, but it was not observed for them.
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Edzell was one of those who on 3 May 1578 signed a band in favour of the Earl of Mar as guardian of the young king James VI of Scotland. On 14 June of the same year he appeared as procurator for the sureties of David Lindsay, 11th Earl of Crawford. He was knighted at the creation of Esmé Stuart as Duke of Lennox in October 1581. On 27 August 1583 a remission was granted to Lindsay and others under the great seal for the murder of Campbell of Lundie.
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When he was bailed early in April, on sureties provided by Lord Rivers and Guildford Onslow, a large crowd cheered him as he left the Old Bailey. At a public meeting in Alresford on 14 May, Onslow reported that subscriptions to the defence fund were already pouring in and that invitations to visit and speak had been received from many towns. As the Claimant addressed meetings up and down the country, journalists following the campaign often commented on his pronounced cockney accent, suggestive of East London origins.McWilliam 2007, p.
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The Statutes of Iona controlled some key aspects; this forced the heirs of the wealthier Highlanders to be educated in the Lowlands and required clan chiefs to appear annually in front of the Privy Council in Edinburgh. This exposed the top layer of Highland society to the costs of living in Edinburgh in a manner fitting to their status. Unlike their Lowland counterparts, their lands were less productive and were not well integrated into the money economy. Large financial sureties were taken from clan leaders to guarantee the good behaviour of the clan.
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Section fourteen preserve the right to trial by jury, in both civil (for those with remedies at law; juries for equitable remedies require a special process) and criminal cases. Section fifteen prohibits double jeopardy, provides that “All persons shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties”, but goes on to list the limited instances where bail can be denied and the remedies for those who were denied bail. Section sixteen protects against excessive punishments, including cruel or unusual punishment, excessive bail, and excessive fines. It also prohibits the unreasonable detention of witnesses.
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Cong Globe June 3, 1862, page 2506 Two months after the law began to operate, Congress resolved that the chief of any bureau of the navy department should be at liberty to reject the offers of those who had failed as principals or sureties on previous contracts to furnish naval supplies. In those made with the same bureau, one contractor could not be received as surety for another; every contract should require the delivery of a specified quantity, and no bids having nominal or fictitious prices could be considered.
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It is not the holding of the case, but a single paragraph in the middle of the majority opinion is commonly referred to: :When bail is given, the principal is regarded as delivered to the custody of his sureties. Their dominion is a continuance of the original imprisonment. Whenever they choose to do so, they may seize him and deliver him up in their discharge; and if that cannot be done at once, they may imprison him until it can be done. They may exercise their rights in person or by agent.
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D'Aubigny stayed neutral at the beginning of the troubles of King John's reign, only joining the rebels after the early success in taking London in 1215. He was one of the twenty-five sureties or guarantors of the Magna Carta. In the war that followed the sealing of the charter, he held Rochester Castle for the barons, and was imprisoned (and nearly hanged) after John captured it. He became a loyalist on the accession of Henry III in October 1216, and was a commander at the Second Battle of Lincoln on 20 May 1217.
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In 2009, Ibinabo was charged for manslaughter and reckless driving after she accidentally killed a certain Giwa Suraj in 2006. On March 16, 2016, Ibinabo was sacked as President of the Actors Guild of Nigeria and sentenced to a 5-year jail term by a Federal High Court sitting in Lagos. She was however granted bail in the sum of ₦2 million and two sureties in like sum on April 7, 2016 by a Court of Appeal in Lagos pending the determination of her appeal at the Supreme Court.
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He had been knighted prior to 1621, and obtained a grant from the Crown of the lands and barony of Over Mordington in Berwickshire on 24 August 1634, although he appears to have already been in possession, as a minute of the Privy Council of Scotland records Sir James Douglas of Mordington, Alexander Lawder, brother of Robert Lawder of Edrington, Alexander Torrie in Mordington, and Patrick Torrie there, are found in dispute with George Roull, Minister at Mordington, when the latter is asking for his sureties (or cautions) to be reduced, dated April 1631.
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The band was signed by landowners throughout the Scottish highlands, borders and the islands, requiring them to be responsible for the men who lived within their lands. The signing chiefs were required to come up with sureties equal to their wealth and lands for the peaceful conduct of their followers.The Iona Club 1847: 35–44. In it the laird of Colonsay, "M'Fee of Collowsay" (Murdoch Macfie of Colonsay), is listed as one of the landlords in the Scottish highlands and islands where broken men (or lawless men) dwelt.
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"... the professional jurists were consulted by parties to disputes for advice as to what the law was in particular cases, and these same men often acted as arbitrators between suitors. They remained at all times private persons, not public officials; their functioning depended upon their knowledge of the law and the integrity of their judicial reputations."Joseph R. Peden, “Stateless Societies,” p. 4. After the private judge, chosen by the disputants, has made his decision, how was the judgement – the compensation to the victim – enforced? > Through an elaborate, voluntarily developed system of “insurance,” or > sureties.
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1.4 would seem to indicate that a day would be appointed for the pleading, probably with pledges given or sureties named that the defendant would actually show, and both plaintiff and defendant would swear an oath that their respective claim or account of events was a truthful representation of what had occurred. Most likely, they could be supported by similar oaths sworn by their kinsmen, retainers, clients or whoever wanted to support them, as character-witnesses for the original plaintiff or defendant, quite comparable to the procedure in early medieval Irish, Welsh and Germanic laws.
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Bosbyshell, in taking custody of the Philadelphia Mint's assets from his predecessor, Daniel Fox, had not asked for the gold to be weighed. When the gold was taken out to be converted into coin in 1893, the shortage was discovered. Although some of the gold was recovered, there was still a shortage of $12,810.82, and the government brought suit against Bosbyshell after he left office in 1894, securing judgment against him and the sureties on his bond. Bosbyshell appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, which ruled against him.
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In consequence a warrant was issued for his arrest with others on the following day. The King meanwhile decided to rule without Parliament for eleven years after the dissolution in 1629. Holles and his associates were prosecuted first in the Star Chamber and subsequently in the King's Bench. When brought upon his habeas corpus before the latter court Holles offered with the rest to give bail, but refused sureties for good behaviour, and argued that the court had no jurisdiction over offences supposed to have been committed in Parliament.
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" Muhammad said, "Give allegiance on the basis that you bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that I am Allah's Messenger; establish the prayer and pay alms; hear and obey. Do not contend the business of his family and deny me what you deny yourselves and your people." They all agreed. Muhammad selected twelve men to be leaders of the Muslim community in Medina, "sureties for your people just as the disciples of Jesus son of Mary were responsible to him, while I am responsible for my people.
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Construction law is a branch of law that deals with matters relating to building construction, engineering, and related fields. It is in essence an amalgam of contract law, commercial law, planning law, employment law and tort. Construction law covers a wide range of legal issues including contract, negligence, bonds and bonding, guarantees and sureties, liens and other security interests, tendering, construction claims, and related consultancy contracts. Construction law affects many participants in the construction industry, including financial institutions, surveyors, quantity surveyors, architects, builders, engineers, construction workers, and planners.
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On November 5, 2007 Jamal had the most serious charge against him - Intent to Cause Explosion - dropped, and was released on $100,000 bail, the third alleged terrorist in the group to be freed. Nearly $75,000 of his bail money had been donated by the local Muslim community. He was required to refrain from using the internet, remain in the presence of one of six sureties, and remain under house arrest unless in court, his lawyer's office or at Friday prayers. In April 2008, all charges against him were stayed due to lack of evidence.
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After the election, his predecessor Saminu Turaki was jailed and was unable to raise bail. Turaki accused Lamido of intimidating Jigawa leaders to not stand as sureties. In June 2007, Lamido accused new generation banks of helping state governors to loot their treasuries, and called for tighter regulations. In July 2007, Lamido announced plans to spend N2 billion in the next six months on education, using the money to rebuild schools and provide basic teaching materials. The state also invested N450 million naira for training teachers teaching core courses in junior secondary schools.
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The Statute of Rhuddlan introduced English common law to the principality, albeit with some local variation. Criminal law became entirely based on common law: the Statute stated that "in thefts, larcenies, burnings, murders, manslaughters and manifest and notorious robberies – we will that they shall use the laws of England". However, Welsh law continued to be used in civil cases such as land inheritance, contracts, sureties and similar matters, though with changes, for example illegitimate sons could no longer claim part of the inheritance, which Welsh law had allowed them to do.
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Frankish law becomes a powerful modifying element in English legal history after the Conquest, when it was introduced wholesale in royal and in feudal courts. The Scandinavian invasions brought in many northern legal customs, especially in the districts thickly populated with Danes. The Domesday survey of Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire, Yorkshire, Norfolk, etc., shows remarkable deviations in local organization and justice (lagmen, sokes), and great peculiarities as to status (socmen, freemen), while from laws and a few charters we can perceive some influence on criminal law (nidings-vaerk), special usages as to fines (lahslit), the keeping of peace, attestation and sureties of acts (faestermen), etc.
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He was freed in 1626 on fresh sureties and won his protracted suit for the barony of Molahiffe in 1630 (although the lands were still in the possession of the English mortgagees in 1637). MacCarthy lived the remainder of his life in London, where he wrote a history of Ireland, Mac Carthaigh's Book, based on Old Irish texts. He wrote that, "although they [the Irish] are thought by many fitter to be rooted out than suffered to enjoy their lands, they are not so rebellious or dangerous as they are termed by such as covet it". He died in 1640.
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Among the sureties of this arrangement were Geoffrey de Neville, a former seneschal of Gascony, and the Chief Justiciar Hubert de Burgh. Hugh passed the summer of 1221 disputing with Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, over the maritagium (dowry) of King John's widow, Isabella of Angoulême, who had married Hugh after John's death. In October Hugh was replaced as seneschal by his former employer, Savaric de Mauléon. By that time the dispute with the count had become open warfare, with the count besieging the castle of Merpins, defended by Renaud de Pons, a former seneschal and like Savaric a troubadour.
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Both were granddaughters of Otto and children of Count Berengar and Adelheid. At the time of Gertrude's birth, in 1111, Count Berengar II was among the nobles attending the coronation of the last Salian emperor Henry V. He is mentioned among the sureties of documents related to the coronation. In 1120, Berengar is recorded granting a donation to the Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg. He is mentioned as co-founder of Kastl Abbey about 1103 and as the founder of the Berchtesgaden monastery on behalf of his late mother in 1101/02, as well as of Baumburg Abbey about 1107/09.
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He became Law Adviser to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (a deputy to the two senior law officers) in 1880. The office had become a very onerous one and was criticised for its excessively political nature, since one of the Law Adviser's responsibilities was to advise magistrates on how to deal with proceedings with a political element. Naish is credited with having suggested that magistrates in their ongoing struggle with the Irish National Land League should rely on an obscure medieval statute, 34 Edward III c.1, to imprison those who could not find sureties for their good behaviour.
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Hugh was a staunch supporter of King Stephen, and passed much time in England during the civil wars. Early in 1137 Stephen went to Normandy, and when he had failed to capture Matilda's illegitimate half-brother, Robert, Earl of Gloucester, Hugh was one of his sureties that he would do Robert no further injury. It was by his intervention that the dispute between the king and the bishops regarding the custody of castles was settled at the council of Oxford in 1139, which Henry of Blois had summoned. Hugh also reconciled the Earl of Gloucester and the Count of Boulogne.
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Margaret was born in about 1206, the daughter and only child of Robert de Quincy and Hawise of Chester, herself the co-heiress of her uncle Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester. Hawise became suo jure Countess of Chester in April 1231 when her brother resigned the title in her favour. Her paternal grandfather, Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester was one of the 25 sureties of the Magna Carta; as a result he was excommunicated by the Church in December 1215. Two years later her father died after having been accidentally poisoned through medicine prepared by a Cistercian monk.
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On 1 July 1859, F.W. Parmenter, a machinist from Troy, New York, contracted with the Navy Department to construct, erect and complete an iron roof for the victualling house at Norfolk Naval Shipyard in the amount of $18,000. Julius H. Kroehl and Sidney D. Roberts served as sureties for the contract. However, monies appropriated for the project were spent elsewhere, so worked dragged through 1861, with work being performed with the assurance that the U.S. Congress will appropriate supplemental funds. But the seizure of Norfolk by Confederate forces in April 1861 forestalled final completion of the project, with an amount owed to Parmenter.
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None turned up in court and their sureties proved worthless, so the sheriff was ordered to take appropriate action.Collections for a History of Staffordshire, Volume 4, p. 124. Erdington was concerned that the church benefit from the town's booming trade, which was based mainly on wool. In 1258 Erdington secured for the deanery the lucrative right to hold a "weekly market on Wednesaday at Wolverhampton, co. Stafford, and of a yearly fair there on the vigil and Feast of Saints Peter and Paul and the six days following,"Calendar of Charter Rolls, 1257–1300, p. 7.
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The court also condemned the SP Premkumar for showing "undue interest and active participation" beyond his stated jurisdiction. Jayendrar was asked by the court not to visit the Mutt premises until the chargesheet was filed by the police. The Tamil Nadu government also filed a petition to the Supreme Court that the accused shall not reside in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Pondicherry during the course of investigation of the trial, but the petition was dismissed. Vijayendrar was released on bail by the Madras High Court on 11 February 2005, with a personal bond for 50,000 and two sureties.
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On 28 August 2008, Ladoja was arrested by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) over allegations of non- remittance of the proceeds of sale of government shares totaling N1.9 billion during his administration. He was briefly remanded in prison by the Federal High Court in Lagos on 30 August 2008. He was granted bail on 5 September, in the amount of 100 million naira with two sureties for the same sum. In March 2009, a former aide testified on the way on which the share money had been divided between Ladoja's family, bodyguard, senior politicians and lawyers.
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The magistrate M N K Leelamani granted bail to him on furnishing a bond of Rs 25,000 plus two sureties for the like amount. On 25 February 2011 The Chief Judicial Magistrate Court, Ernakulam, directed the CBI to reinvestigate the murder of Malankara Varghese, on a petition filed by his wife, Saramma Varghese. She alleged that the charge sheet submitted by the CBI did not have the names of ‘higher ups' involved in the conspiracy to kill her husband. On 21 October 2011 the CBI unit, Thiruvananthapuram quizzed Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church Catholicos Baselios Thomas I in connection with the murder case.
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Johnston Fernando was arrested on 5 May 2015 in relation to the non-payment for goods worth more than 5 million rupees but was released on bail amounting to Rs. 25,000 and three sureties worth Rs. 2.5 million each. He is also being investigated on financial irregularities connected to Sathosa during his tenure as the Cooperatives and Internal Trade Minister. On 5 June 2019, the All Island Canteen Owners' Association Chairman (AICOA) complained that Rishad Bathiudeen abused the Consumer Affairs Authority (CAA) to mistreat Sinhalese businessmen and also distributing food commodities unfit for human consumption through Lanka Sathosa.
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Arms of William Hardell, Lord Mayor of London William Hardell was a Mayor of London and a Magna Carta surety. He was appointed Sheriff of the City of London in 1207 and elected Mayor of London (a century later known as Lord Mayor of London) in 1215. After the sealing of Magna Carta by King John in 1215, he was appointed to be one of the Enforcers, sometimes called Sureties, of the Magna Carta. The list of enforcers does not appear on Magna Carta itself and the first surviving list of these was by Matthew Paris the chronicler of St Albans.
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The ConsensusDocs Coalition includes 41 trade associations representing design professionals, owners, contractors, subcontractors and sureties in the design and construction industry. ConsensusDocs publishes more than 100 contract documents, addressing all methods of project delivery, and are written in the project's best interest versus one particular party. Engineering lead projects such as horizontal infrastructure use other standard form contracts such as those developed by the Engineers Joint Contract Documents Committee. Recently several other organizations have developed contracts for use such as the CMAA (for projects using agency CM) and the Design-Build Institute of America for projects using design-build.
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He also began petitioning to have his wife assigned to his household. Ann Solomon had initially been assigned as a servant to police officer Richard Newman, but quarrels broke out and she was sent to the Tasmania's Female House of Correction. Solomon made a number of requests that Ann be assigned to him. Lieutenant-Governor Arthur finally agreed to the assignment after Solomon entered into a £1000 bond to guarantee that his wife would not escape from the colony, and a number of local publicans and merchants, including John Pascoe Fawkner, entered into sureties of £100 or £200 each.
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Bretha Nemed Déidenach ('the last Bretha Nemed') is one of the two principal surviving remnants of the celebrated Old Irish Bretha Nemed law "school", believed to have been composed early in the eighth century in Munster. The only surviving copy, now part of Trinity College, Dublin MS 1317 H.2.15B, was transcribed by Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh. Another related text, Bretha Nemed Toísech (the first Bretha Nemed) is now British Library MS Nero A 7. Bretha Nemed Déidenach contains extracts of works concerning poets and bards, along with passages on such subjects as fosterage, sureties, pledge-interests and land law.
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Ralph Basset (died 1282?), was an English baronial leader. Basset was lord of Sapcote, Leicestershire. By the Provisions of Oxford he was appointed constable of Northampton, and he was one of the sureties ex parte baronum for the observance of the Mise of Amiens (December 1263). He was again entrusted by the barons with Northampton, and was appointed, after Lewes, custos pacis (keeper of the peace) for Leicestershire in June 1264. As ‘Radulfus Basset de Sapercote’ he was summoned to Simon de Montfort's parliament on 24 December 1264 and fought at Evesham in 1265 in the ranks of the barons.
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The signing chiefs and landowners were required to come up with sureties equal to their wealth and lands for the peaceful conduct of their followers and those who lived upon their lands. One of the lists drawn up was titled "The roll of the names of the landislordis and baillies of landis in the hielandis an isles, quhair brokin men hes duelt and presentlie duellis". The laird of Coll (Hector Maclean of Coll) was one of the chiefs listed on this roll. 'Broken men' were generally men who had no chief and who were often outlaws.
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Knightley's main professional interests were war reporting, propaganda, and espionage. In more than 30 years of writing about espionage, he met most of the spy chiefs of all the major intelligence services in the world, and interviewed numerous officers and agents from all sides during the Cold War and since. In December 2010, he received media coverage for acting as a bail sureties provider for WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange. Having backed Assange by pledging bail in December 2010, Knightley lost the money in June 2012 when a judge ordered it to be forfeited, as Assange had sought to escape the jurisdiction of the English courts by entering the embassy of Ecuador.
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Machinery and personnel began occupying the new building by September 1792, and production began on cents in February 1793. In the first year of production at the Mint, only copper coins were minted, as the prospective assayer could not raise the required $10,000 surety to officially assume the position; the 1792 Coinage Act stated that both the chief coiner and assayer were to "become bound to the United States of America, with one or more sureties to the satisfaction of the Secretary of the Treasury, in the sum of ten thousand dollars". Later that year, Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson appealed to Congress that the amount of the bonds be lowered.
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The Marshal of the Army of God and the Holy Church was the title displayed from 1215 by Robert Fitzwalter,Also spelled FitzWalter, fitzWalter, etc. the leader of the baronial opposition against John, King of England and one of the twenty-five sureties of Magna Carta. He was feudal baron of Little Dunmow, Essex and constable of Baynard's Castle, in London, to which was annexed the hereditary office of castellain and chief banneret of the City of London. He was elected by his fellow barons, and held the title at least from when the rebels armed themselves in Lincolnshire and formally defied King John.
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Eventually, in June 1739, a riot erupted in the Long Room and spilled out in the piazza. Moll was charged, found guilty, and fined £200, sentenced to three months in prison and required to find sureties for her good behaviour for three years after her release. Moll refused to pay the fine on the grounds that it was both excessive and unwarranted and managed to get it reduced to £50. She suffered little from her stay in prison: her nephew William King took over the running of the coffee house and, by bribing the guards, Moll managed to enjoy many of the comforts of home.
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Since acting as a ráth could mean financial loss that might not be repaid, the law tracts apparently see the position as dangerous, as one of three "dark things of the world."Kelly 1988, p 169 The ráth, like other sureties, were paid a fee when hired, which potentially made up for the risk they undertook. A person could not act as a ráth in contracts worth more than his honour-price, though it was possible that one might act as a ráth for only part of a contract, in which case they were responsible for payment only up to their honour-price.Kelly 1988, pp. 168–171.
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A list of sureties dating from Ælfric's time as ealdorman (983 x 985) suggests that it, too, acquired some of Ælfric's lands.S 1448a Ælfric is also found in the company of Bishop Æthelwold on other occasions. The Liber Eliensis specifies that the meeting of King Edgar at which Bishop Æthelwold bought land at Gransden, was attended by Ælfhere, Æthelwine and Ælfric Cild.Liber Eliensis 2.46 According to the same source, Ælfric was joining Æthelwold, bishop of Winchester, the young ætheling Æthelred, "then an earl [comes]", and his mother Queen Ælfthryth when they were doing business at Ely Abbey sometime in the reign of King Edward the Martyr (975-978).
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In 1852 William W. Twist was appointed Sheriff of Santa Barbara County but was later replaced by Valentine W. Hearne. Sheriff Hearne's part of the lynching of two Santa Barbara Californios accused of murder in Los Angeles, in the later San Gabriel Affair was not pleasing to Dr. Nicolas A. Den (owner of the Dos Pueblos Rancho) and the de la Guerras (an influential Californio ranchero family in the county), who were his principal sureties, they withdrew from his bonds, thus forcing him to resign. On August 10 Charles Fernald was appointed in his place. In the November 1852, election W. W. Twist, was elected to the office.
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On 17 June Shebbeare was tried for libel on an information laid against him by the attorney-general, Pratt, who on this occasion admitted the right of the jury to judge of the law. During the trial, as Walpole laments, Mansfield laid it down that satires on dead kings were punishable. In summing up he declared that the Letter nearly approached high treason. On 28 Nov. Shebbeare was sentenced to a £5 fine and three years' imprisonment in King's Bench Prison, as well as having to pay a bond of £500 and find two £250 sureties for good behaviour for seven years on his release.
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The Habeas Corpus Act 1679 states, "A Magistrate shall discharge prisoners from their Imprisonment taking their Recognizance, with one or more Surety or Sureties, in any Sum according to the Magistrate's discretion, unless it shall appear that the Party is committed for such Matter or offences for which by law the Prisoner is not bailable." The English Bill of Rights (1689) states that "excessive bail hath been required of persons committed in criminal cases, to elude the benefit of the laws made for the liberty of the subjects. Excessive bail ought not to be required." This was a precursor of the Eighth Amendment to the US Constitution.
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He was fined 1,000 marks and imprisoned for three years, and after the expiration of the period was to find sureties for his good behaviour during life. He was also condemned to appear before the court with a paper on his hat confessing the crime; but this part of the sentence was remitted in consideration of his being a clergyman. The real author was George Harbin, also a nonjuror; it is said that Hilkiah Bedford knew this, but preferred to suffer unjustly rather than betray Harbin. Thomas Thynne, 1st Viscount Weymouth sent Harbin to Bedford with £100, not knowing that Harbin (his chaplain) was responsible for the book.
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In the local archives, the Hankou qianzhuang were divided into two major groups: one of these groups included the larger qianzhuang called Zihao, and the other group included the smaller qianzhuang of Hankou and was referred to as Menmian. This Menmian-Zihao division was loosely based on several factors such as their locations, trade sizes or scopes. The word Zihao verbatim means "name-brand" in English, while the word Menmian could be translated as "store-front". The nominal requirement for registration of a Zihao was to submit the signatures of 2 to 5 baoren (保人), as the newcomer's sureties, these baoren already had their business or businesses registered.
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Feldman served on the board of governors as honorary secretary for 17 years, managing all aspects of the school's running as well as lobbying civil servants and politicians for support. As the school grew, Feldman oversaw the purchase of a larger building, 1 Zion Road, in 1954, agreeing to pay £4,250 before a financial arrangement was in place. Panicked by the situation, she consulted with the manager of the Northern Bank, who concurred with her decision and loaned the additional money to equip the school on sureties of Jack Feldman and another four Jewish businessmen. Alongside Jewish children, those of other faiths also attended the school.
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He is also to surrender his passport and not apply for any duplicate passport or travel documents. He must reside at an alternative address in County Westmeath, sign on at Athlone Garda Station twice daily, obey a curfew between 8am and 8pm, provide his mobile phone number to Gardaí, keep the phone charged at all times and not come within 10km of Kevin Lunny's home or place of business. He was also not to have any contact with Kevin Lunney or any other prosecution witness, not leave the jurisdiction or travel to Northern Ireland. Redmon was granted bail on his own bond of €3,000 and two independent sureties of €10,000.
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Police "almost invariably" required cash in order to grant bail, although a person could also act as a surety on behalf of the person being bailed and provide a sum of money. In the seventies, the amount of cash needed for bail could range from $500 to sums of five figures. In 1969, the Institute for Criminology at Sydney University Law School ran a seminar suggesting improvements to the bail system, resulting in a proposed system similar to the Manhattan Bail Project. Armstrong suggested in 1977 that migrants were over-represented in jail because they did not have friends or family to act as sureties for them.
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When his action became known at court, he was arrested and put under restraint. For a time he was let out on bail, but on 7 February 1683/4 he was tried with Mr. Hugh Speke at the king's bench on the accusation of conspiring to spread the belief that the Earl of Essex was murdered by some persons about him, and of endeavouring to suborn witnesses to testify the same. Braddon was found guilty on all the counts, but Speke was acquitted of the latter charge. The one was fined 1,000 pounds and the other 2,000 pounds, with sureties for good behaviour during their lives.
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Before the surety can be rendered liable on his guarantee, the principal debtor must have made default. When, however, this has occurred, the creditor, in the absence of express agreement to the contrary, may sue the surety, without informing him of such default having taken place before proceeding against the principal debtor or resorting to securities for the debt received from the latter. In those countries where the municipal law is based on the Roman law, sureties usually possess the right (which may, however, be renounced by them) of compelling the creditor to insist on the goods, etc. (if any) of the principal debtor being first "discussed", i.e.
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At the quarter sessions they were bailed to appear at the next assize. The judge before whom they appeared was Sir Richard Raynsford, noted for his severity to nonconformists. The grand jury found a true bill against one of them (Simpson); others, including Fairfax, on 'a general suggestion' of the justices who had committed them, that they were persons dangerous to the public peace, were sent to prison by Raynsford until they should find sureties for their good behaviour. After five months in Bury goal, they applied to the Court of Common Pleas for a writ of habeas corpus, which the judges were of opinion they could not grant, and advised a petition to the king.
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On one charge he was sentenced to six months imprisonment and fined £100; on the other he was given a further six months and bound over to keep the peace for two years, to give a surety of £200, and to find two other sureties of £50 each. The specimen charges related not to anything in the Observer, but to articles in Sherwin's Weekly Political Register, which Wroe had sold. The sentences were said to have been reduced because of the distressed state of the Wroes. In June 1821, Wroe's successor, T. J. Evans, was convicted on one charge of seditious libel printed in the Observer and another of libel on a private individual.
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On 30 July 1604 he was appointed constable of Carlow, and on 6 May 1605 he became President of Munster. In 1613 he strongly upheld the Protestant party in opposition to the recusants in the disputes about the speaker of the Irish House of Commons; and on 17 May 1619 he was reappointed governor of Clare. He became one of the sureties for Florence MacCarthy Reagh, who had been imprisoned since his surrender in 1600, and who dedicated to Thomond his work on the antiquity and history of Ireland. He died on 5 September 1624, at Clonmel, and was buried in Limerick Cathedral, where a monument with inscription was erected to his memory.
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The orders and convictions of a court of summary jurisdiction are in many cases appealable to quarter sessions. The right to appeal is always dependent on the specific provisions of a statute. The Summary Jurisdiction Act 1879 gives a general power of appeal against an adjudication on conviction (but not on plea of guilty) to imprisonment without the option of a fine, whether as punishment for an offence or for failure to do or abstaining from doing any act, other than compliance with an order to pay money or find security or enter into recognizances or to find sureties (1879, s. 19). The procedure on the appeals is regulated and made uniform by the acts of 1879, ss.
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In order to free his sureties he voluntarily went into exile when the royal proclamation was issued ordering all priests to leave the country before 7 April 1641, and became chaplain to Gage's English regiment in the service of Spain. In 1643 he returned to England; arrested after about a year and a half he was imprisoned at Durham and Newcastle, and sent by sea to London. On 30 January he was again brought to the bar and condemned on his previous conviction. On 1 February 1645 his hurdle was drawn by four horses and the French ambassador attended with all his suite, as also did Lois, Count of Egmont, and the Portuguese Ambassador.
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The Forum on Construction Law of the American Bar Association established in 1973 is the largest organization of construction lawyers in the United States. The group includes law firms of every size, solo practitioners, in-house and government counsel, non-lawyers such as, construction professionals and the public sector representatives. Forum members include those of owners, developers, design professionals, contractors, subcontractors, suppliers, construction managers, lenders, insurers and sureties. Standard form contracts promulgated by the American Institute of Architects have been the standard in the industry (insofar as building construction); the organization first published a form in 1888, and has over 200 forms, with revisions to selected forms happening typically every ten years.
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The high regard in which Fulk was then held is shown by the names of his sureties, who included the Peverels, Alan Basset, William de Braose (died 1230), a de Lacy, William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury and Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford.Meisel, Barons of the Welsh Frontier, p. 39. In 1210 he accompanied the king to Ireland, and was at Dublin and Carrickfergus.T.D. Hardy (ed.), Rotuli de Liberate ac de Misis et Praestitis, Regnante Johanne (Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1844), pp. 182-85, 203-06 and 224-26 (Google). In 1213 the king granted timbers from Leicester Forest to Fulk for his dwelling at the Vavasour hereditament of Narborough, Leicestershire, and for the construction of a chamber there.
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In the autumn of 1521 he accompanied Thomas Wolsey to the Calais conferences, but on 21 September Richard Pace wrote to the cardinal to send him and Francis Brian home, as the king had few to attend him in his privy chamber. In May 1522 he went again in Wolsey's train to meet the emperor at his landing at Dover. In 1522, after surrendering his post as master of the horse, he was appointed Comptroller of the Household. In 1523 he became, on the return of Gerald FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Kildare to Ireland, one of the earl's sureties that he would come again on reasonable warning and present himself before the king.
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On Llewelyn of Wales attacking Mortimer, a royalist marcher, Audley joined Prince Edward at Hereford, 9 January 1263 to resist the invasion. But the barons, coming to Llewelyn's assistance, dispersed the royalist forces, and seized on his castles and estates. He is wrongly said by Dugdale and Foss to have been made 'justice of Ireland' in this year, but in December he was one of the royalist sureties in the appeal to Louis of France. At the time of the battle of Lewes (May 1264) he was in arms for the king on the Welsh marches (Matthew Paris), and he was one of the first to rise against the government of Simon de Montfort.
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The John Robinson estate scandal was a major financial scandal in Colonial Virginia. After the 1766 death of John Robinson, the powerful and aristocratic Virginia planter who served as both Speaker of the House of Burgesses and the colony's treasurer, Robinson's protégé Edmund Pendleton discovered that Robinson's estate had significant debts. Robinson had been Speaker since 1738. Because of rumors concerning his handling of Treasury accounts, and because Robinson was widely considered one of the colony's richest men, the supervising judges appointed three executors and required an unprecedented bond of £250,000 (half as much as the colony had spent during the French and Indian War) from eight sureties (later shown to have been themselves indebted to the estate).
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Cliderhou was one of those who were accused by the commissioners, and he was brought to Nottingham to take his trial at Michaelmas 1323. The charges against him were that he had preached in the church of Wigan in favour of the rebel cause, telling his parishioners that they owed allegiance to the earl, and promising absolution to all who supported him; and, further, that he had sent his son, Adam de Cliderhou, and another man-at-arms, with four footsoldiers, to join the rebel army. Cliderhou is said to have met both charges with a full denial. The jury, however, found him guilty, and he was imprisoned, but afterwards released on bail, the name of his son Adam appearing in the list of sureties.
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229 An Act of Parliament was also passed for maintaining good order in both the Borders and Highlands and Isles in which all clan chiefs would have to provide large sureties in accordance with their wealth for the peaceable and orderly behavior of themselves and their vassals.Gregory, Donald (1881). p. 237. Quoting: Acts of the Scottish Parliament, latest edition, III. 461-467 According to the book Conflicts of the Clans, both Angus MacDonald and Lachlan Mor Maclean were committed within the walls of Edinburgh Castle where they remained for only a short time after which they were freed for a small fine and both given a remission, but their eldest sons had to remain as a pledge of their obedience.
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The hanging was postponed on a vote of the spectators and the Governors order arrived on the steamer. Twist was much blamed for allowing this procedure by his political backers and his sureties were withdrawn from his bonds, compelling Twist to resign his office as Sheriff. He was replaced as Sheriff by Doctor Brinkerhoff, the County Coroner, until the Court appointed Russel Heath as Sheriff, later elected Sheriff in September 1855. After resigning his office as Sheriff, Twist moved to Los Angeles, tendering his resignation as Captain of the Santa Barbara Guard to Governor Bigler on September 21, 1854, and the unit now leaderless was disbanded after being in existence for less than a year, thus eliminating it as a danger to the Jack Powers Gang.
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Having been detained under the Six Articles Act for her association with Evangelicals, she went before an inquisition led by Christopher Dare. She was then questioned by Laxton (as the temporal authority) on the same points. After Bishop Bonner's Chancellor had also interviewed her, Laxton put her in temporary custody, refusing to accept sureties, and telling Anne's cousin Brittayne that he would be glad to help her but could neither imprison or bail her without consent of the spiritual powers. Of this John Bale remarked, 'The Mayor of London, which is the king's lieutenant, and representeth there his own person, standeth here like a dead idol, or like such a servant slave who can do nothing within his own city concerning their matters.
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Mary Fields (circa 1832–1914), also known as Stagecoach Mary and Black Mary, was the first African-American female star route mail carrier in the United States. She was not an employee of the United States Post Office Department, which did not hire or employ mail carriers for star routes, but rather awarded star route contracts to persons who proposed the lowest qualified bids, and who, in accordance with the department’s application process, posted bonds and sureties to substantiate their ability to finance the route. Once a contract was awarded, the contractor could then drive the route themselves, sublet the route, or hire an experienced driver. Some individuals obtained multiple star route contracts and conducted the operations as a business.
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Assange's supporters, including journalist Jemima Goldsmith, journalist John Pilger, and film-maker Ken Loach, forfeited £293,500 in bail and sureties. Goldsmith said she was surprised at his asylum bid and expected him to face the Swedish allegations. The UK government wrote to Patiño stating that the police were entitled to enter the embassy and arrest Assange under UK law. Patiño criticised what he said was an implied threat, stating that "such actions would be a blatant disregard of the Vienna Convention". Officers of the Metropolitan Police Service were stationed outside from June 2012 to October 2015 to arrest Assange for breaching the bail conditions and to compel him to attend court to face the Swedish extradition appeal hearing, should he leave the embassy.
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Froissart mentions "Sir Robert Lauder, a renowned hero" as having been present at the Battle of Otterburn which took place on 19 August 1388.Young, James, Historical References to the Scottish Family of Lauder, Glasgow, 1884: 45 Rymer's Foedera records that Robert de Lawdre was one of the sureties for the Earl of Douglas's bounds on the Middle March during a meeting at 'Haudenstank' between English and Scottish Commissioners on 26 October 1398, to discuss the return of prisoners and ransoms and "the due observance of the truce".Bain, Joseph, FSA (Scot), editor, Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland vol.iv, 1357-1509, Edinburgh, 1888, number 510 Sir Robert Lauder of The Bass took part in the Battle of Nesbit Moor on 22 June 1402, and was captured.
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On 8 May "a warrant to be prepared for commitment of both to the Tower, they not having attended to give security." On 10 May, "two warrants signed but suspended till Jessop (Assistant Clerk of the Council) give notice to Rich in the country". On 19 May, "Order that they both give security in £1,000 each with two sufficient sureties to keep the peace towards each other for all times to come and neither of them to break it, and on so doing that their warrant for commitment to the Tower be suspended." James was a commissioner for ejecting scandalous and insufficient ministers and schoolmasters in August 1654, and a commissioner to raise £1,000 Assessment upon the county in 1656.
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There has been conjecture that the King's father Robert married again after Marjorie's death and had with his second wife a daughter, Isabel, who married the elder Thomas; however, because Marjorie of Carrick did not die until 1292 and Thomas the younger was at the coronation of John Balliol in 1292, this is impossible.Weis, Fredk., Lewis, et al., The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, 5th edition, Baltimore, 2002: 50Richardson, Douglas, Plantagenet Ancestry, Baltimore, Md., 2004: 682 There is no record of Randolph's date of birth. Although the author of Scots Peerage speculated that Randolph's date of birth was 1278, his grandmother was born in 1253 or 1256, and it is unlikely that he was born when his grandmother was in her early twenties.
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In late 1730, Sir John Gonson, a Justice of the Peace and fervent supporter of the Society for the Reformation of Manners, spurred on by the furore surrounding the Charteris rape case, began conducting raids on brothels all over London. By early 1731 he had arrived at St James, where some residents of Park Place reported "a Notorious Disorderly House in that Neighbourhood". In truth, Needham's house was hardly unknown, having served the upper echelons of society for years, but she was arrested by Gonson and committed to the Gatehouse by Justice Railton. On 29 April 1731, Needham was convicted of keeping a disorderly house, fined one shilling, and sentenced to stand twice in the pillory, and "to find sureties for her good behaviour for 3 years".
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Its first recorded use was in 1588, when Lachlan Maclean was prosecuted for the murder of his new stepfather, John MacDonald, and 17 other members of the MacDonald wedding party. Other measures had limited impact; imposing financial sureties on landowners for the good behaviour of their tenants often failed, as many were not regarded as the clan chief. The 1603 Union of the Crowns coincided with the end of the Anglo-Irish Nine Years' War, followed by land confiscations in 1608. Previously the most Gaelic part of Ireland, the Plantation of Ulster tried to ensure stability in Western Scotland by importing Scots and English Protestants. This process was often supported by the original owners; in 1607 Sir Randall MacDonnell settled 300 Presbyterian Scots families on his land in Antrim.
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Comm p. 74 In 1646 he published Francis Quarles's Judgment and Mercie for afflicted Soules, and wrote and signed the dedication addressed to Charles I. In 1648 appeared, "printed for R. Royston in Ivie Lane", the first edition of Είκών Βασιλική, of which about fifty impressions were issued six months. cites: and DNB article on Gauden, John On 23 May 1649 Royston had entered to him in the register of the Company of Stationers "The Papers which passed at Newcastle betwixt his sacred Majesty and Mr. Henderson concerning the change of church government". cites: He was examined in October 1649 for publishing a "virulent and scandalous pamphlet", and bound in sureties to "make appearance when required and not to print or sell any unlicensed and scandalous books and pamphlets".
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Augustus C. Dodge, of Iowa brought forward a joint resolution in the United States Senate on July 12, 1852, for the "relief of George R. C. Floyd, late Secretary of Wisconsin Territory, and sureties..." It was referred to the Committee on Finance. It passed the Senate, for on July 27, 1852, it was presented to the United States House of Representatives. He sold his property to his brother John B. Floyd on March 3, 1857, and moved to Logan County, West Virginia, to look after some mineral and timber property he had an interest in.For sale of property In 1872, he was elected as a delegate to the West Virginia House of Delegates, serving in the 11th West Virginia Legislature, which convened shortly after the election in 1872 and adjourned in December 1873.
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It has been suggested that he was a 'lawyer with a modest practice' in the region, on account of these official positions and that he was one of the local gentry who in 1434 was commissioned to take a general oath from the community to the keep the king's peace. Prior to this, he had been responsible for assisting with the conveyance of property amongst the local gentry. It is unclear whether died in 1460 or 1465, but either way he or his heirs and feoffees were being sued by the latter date, by one William Moyne over a Huntingdon messuage called The Crown. Moyne (or 'Moigne') asserted in Chancery that he had paid Abbotsley £50 for a quarter of the purchase price- 'and to have given ample sureties for the rest'- but Abbotsley continued to deny him access to the property.
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Then Sir Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, and Lord Barry tried to wrest from Mac Carthaig the territory inherited from his father, but he successfully resisted by means of the law. However, much of his former lands were re-distributed. He went to the Marshalsea again in 1608, was released in 1614 on bonds of £5000 not to leave London, and in 1617 was recommitted to the Tower on the information of his servant, Teige O'Hurley, alleging his involvement with William Stanley and several exiled Irish Catholic priests and nobles, including Hugh Maguire. Mac Carthaig was due for release in 1619 but was sent back to the Gatehouse in 1624, to "a little narrow close room without sight of the air", owing to the death of two of his sureties, Donogh O'Brien, 4th Earl of Thomond and Sir Patrick Barnewall.
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Here Eldred stayed behind to trade, while Fitch and the others sailed down the Persian Gulf to the Portuguese fortress and trading station at Ormuz, where they were promptly arrested as spies (at Venetian instigation, they claimed, as the Venetians resented the 16th-century Portuguese commercial monopoly in the Indian Ocean that called an end to centuries of Venetian, Genoese and Pisan – plus Catalan – dealings with Arab middlemen, down from the Middle Ages) and sent as prisoners to the Portuguese viceroy at Goa (September to October). Through the sureties procured by two Jesuits (one being Thomas Stevens, formerly of New College, Oxford, the first Englishman known to have reached India by the Cape route in 1579), Fitch and his friends regained their liberty. Story chose to join the Jesuits, and the others managed to escape from Goa (April 1584).
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Combined with the much more important Suez Canal which was opened in 1869, these sureties were influential in the British government's decision to occupy Egypt and Sudan in 1882, with the pretext of helping the Ottoman-Egyptian government to put down the ʻUrabi revolt (1879–1882). Egypt and Sudan (together with Cyprus) nominally remained Ottoman territories until 5 November 1914,Articles 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 of the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) when the British Empire declared war against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. In 1869, Abdulaziz received visits from Eugénie de Montijo, Empress consort of Napoleon III of France and other foreign monarchs on their way to the opening of the Suez Canal. The Prince of Wales, the future Edward VII, twice visited Istanbul. By 1871 both Mehmed Fuad Pasha and Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha were dead.
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They advanced as far as Muirthemne and Dundalk and from that position demanded hostages and sureties from the sons of Hugo and Aed O Neill. But he moved out with his Galls and Gaels, and they posted themselves in parties on the passes of Sliab Fuaid and the doorways of Emain and Fid Conaille and challenged attack in these positions. But the Galls of Ireland, when they saw they were to have protection, determined to make peace and settlement with William [de Lacy] and the Earls and to accept the award of the King of England as to the conditions of peace: so they disbanded and left their positions without having extracted terms or tribute from Aed O Neill for the nonce." "Aed mac Cathail Chrobdeirg marched with a great force to the castle of Ard Abla in Tethba.
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Despite Leyney's attempts to come to an accommodation, Roger had set about him, :bata, naufra, et ses chambes coupa, luy endonant pluseurs autres horribles ployes a son final anientisement et grauntz maheime Corbet had beaten and wounded the man, hacking at his legs and causing horrible sufferings, maiming him seriously. These complaints of "great mayhem" prompted the king himself to preside over the Court of King's Bench at Shrewsbury in Trinity term – the last tour made by the court before it became permanently fixed in Westminster. However, the cases against Arundel's esquires were so numerous and the facts so contested that the cases were remanded to the Michaelmas term session of the King's Bench at Westminster. However, Arundel provided bail and sureties, and the accused were able to present royal pardons to the court when summoned.
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In any important temple this must evidently have been far more than the priest or his family could consume, and accordingly it must have been sold, and so constituted a considerable source of income. Consequently, a priesthood was an office well paid and much sought after; and we actually find in later Greek times, especially in Asia Minor, that priesthoods were frequently sold, under proper guarantees and with due sureties as to the duties being carried out. Sometimes a fee to the priest had to be paid in cash; in some cases a priest or priestess was allowed to take up a collection on certain days. On the other hand, the duties of a priest are often recorded; he had to see to the cleaning and care of the temple and its contents, to provide flowers and garlands for decorations and to supply the regular daily service.
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In June 2010, Singh participated in the protests during the G-20 Summit in Toronto. According to immigrant rights group No One is Illegal, Singh turned himself into Toronto police following the issuance of an arrest warrant. He was granted bail on July 12, after $10,000 was paid by two sureties, one of which was the Québec provincial deputy Amir Khadir, from the Québec Solidaire Party. In addition to this bail, $75,000 more, guaranteed this time by Amir Khadir and two other people whose identities were not revealed, will be charged if Singh breaks his release conditions, which are the following: house arrest at the home of one of the guarantors; handing in his passport to the authorities; he must not use a cellular phone; he must not have any contact with the 16 other activists charged with conspiracy in connection with the G20 protests.
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In the great feud between the clans Maclean and Macdonald in the latter years of the 16th century (which degenerated at times into general warfare involving numerous other clans), the Mackinnons were supporters of the former. A temporary settlement was brokered with royal approval in 1587, following the capture of Sir Lachlan Mor Maclean by Angus Macdonald of Dunnyveg. Macdonald agreed to release Maclean in exchange for a pardon and upon the surrender to him of eight hostages of rank to act as his sureties. Lachlan Mackinnon and his brother Neil were two of the eight hostages, the others being Hector Maclean (Sir Lachlan Maclean's eldest son), Alexander Macleod (brother of William Macleod of Dunvegan), John and Murdo MacNeil (sons of Ruari Macneil of Barra), Allan Maclean (son of Ewan Maclean of Ardgour) and Donald Maclean (son of Hector Maclean, constable of Cairnburgh Castle).
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His eleven co-signatories were Angus Macdonald of Dunnyveg, Hector Og Maclean of Duart, Donald Gorm Macdonald of Sleat, Ruari Macleod of Harris, Donald Macdonald (the Captain of Clanranald), Lachlan Maclean of Coll, Hector Maclaine of Lochbuie, Lachlan and Allan Maclean (the brothers of Duart), Gillespie MacQuarrie of Ulva and Donald Macfie of Colonsay.Donald Gregory, History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland (William Tait, Edinburgh, 1836), at page 330. On 28 June 1610 he was one of seven chiefs (the others being Maclean of Duart, Macdonald of Sleat, Macdonald of Dunnyveg, Macleod of Harris, the Captain of Clanranald and Allan Cameron of Lochiel) who appeared in Edinburgh and were required to promise to live together in peace, love and amitie and to assist the Commissioners to quell disturbances, as well as to give large sureties for their reappearance before the Council in May 1611.
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On 21 November 1638, he obtained a passport to travel for three years under the alias of "St John Thompson", but the deception was discovered, and he was arrested under a warrant from Sir Francis Windebank on 21 December while lying ill at Rye. However, he was released or allowed to proceed, and spent the next two years in exile on the continent. From abroad, he petitioned for immunity from prosecution for debt, which was effectively granted when he was summoned to the House of Lords by writ of acceleration as Baron St John of Bletso, entering the House on 14 May 1641. His writ was said by Clarendon to have been granted with the object of composing his debts and reducing the turmoil among his sureties in Bedfordshire, and obtaining an adherent of the Royal party in the Lords; but St John showed no attachment to the King's cause.
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In return, the first Khedive, Ismail Pasha, had agreed a year earlier (in 1866) to increase the annual tax revenues which Egypt and Sudan would provide for the Ottoman treasury.Mevzuat Dergisi, Yıl: 9, Sayı: 100, Nisan 2006: "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nde Borçlanma Politikaları ve Sonuçları" Between 1854 and 1894,Article 18 of the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) the revenues from Egypt and Sudan were often declared as a surety by the Ottoman government for borrowing loans from British and French banks. After the Ottoman government declared a sovereign default on its foreign debt repayments on 30 October 1875, which triggered the Great Eastern Crisis in the empire's Balkan provinces that led to the devastating Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) and the establishment of the Ottoman Public Debt Administration in 1881, the importance for Britain of the sureties regarding the Ottoman revenues from Egypt and Sudan increased.
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Cobbett was found "guilty, upon the fullest and most satisfactory evidence". The court sentence read: "The court do adjudge that you, William Cobbett pay to our Lord the King a fine of £1000; that you be imprisoned in His Majesty's gaol of Newgate for the space of two years, and that at expiration of that time you enter into a recognizance to keep the peace for seven years—yourself in the sum of £3000, and two good and sufficient sureties in the sum of £1000; and further, that you be imprisoned till that recognizance be entered into, and that fine paid". The sentence was described by J. C. Trewin as "vindictive". The Court argued that Thomas Curson Hansard, who had "seen the copy before it was printed, ought not to have suffered it to have been printed at all" and was sentenced to three months imprisonment in the King's Bench Prison.
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This was supplemented by a written convention (convenientia) and three ancillary charters, in which William promised aid to Raymond and turned over the double castle of Finestres and the castle of Colltort, which had been granted to William's father by Raymond's father, Berengar Raymond I. William also promised that if he was wronged by anyone from the Raymond's counties of Barcelona, Girona or Osona, he would not take revenge, but would submit a complaint to Raymond and give him three months to obtain a judicial resolution. For this agreement to respect the peace of Raymond's counties, William pledged the castle of Finestres and La Guàrdia, with the castellans of the two castles standing as sureties to the agreement. To seal the new alliance between Besalú and Barcelona, William agreed to marry Raymond Berengar's sister-in-law, Llúcia, daughter of Count Bernard I of La Marche. On 11 December 1054, William signed a scriptura dotis, a charter granting a dower to Llúcia.
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Kelly 1988, 190–213; Mitteis & Lieberich 1992, 44–8; Karl 2006, 124–5 Given that at least some contracts most likely were entered into in front of witnesses and secured by sureties, it is also likely that these may have been called up to give testimony, also supporting their accounts by similar oaths. We are lacking direct evidence as to what happened once a judgement had been found, and whether there were any appeals procedures possible, but most likely the party who had been convicted would have been expected to pay, by a certain date, any fines or premiums awarded to the victorious party. Any other form of punishment would probably be executed as well, if direct punishment possibly even right on the spot. If any fines or premiums awarded were not paid, it again is quite likely that the successful claimant then gained the right to distrain the convicted party and thereby recover a value equivalent to the unpaid fines or premiums.
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During the 1630s, he took part in his father's efforts to drain the Great Level, serving as a commissioner of sewers there from 1631 to 1636 or later, but was largely occupied in dealing with his own accumulation of debts. The figure of £60,000 for his debts was given in a petition to the House of Commons in 1641; an enormous sum, if truthfully reported, for an heir apparent with a negligible estate of his own to offer as security. Two earlier petitions recited liabilities on his part of £6,900, still very significant, and he was also prosecuted as a surety for the debts of Sir Thomas Cheney, his uncle by marriage. As Clarendon avers, his debts did cause havoc for his sureties: some of the possessions of his uncle Sir Alexander St John were distrained by Lord St John's creditors, and Sir Capell Bedell, another surety, made a composition with Lord Bolingbroke to pay some of the debts to avoid the same fate.
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Feld Carr used funds from the Dr. Ronald Feld Fund for Jews in Arab Lands (established at Beth Tzedec Congregation, Toronto in 1973), donated privately, both to negotiate ransom for the release of Syrian Jews, from prisons inside Syria and for passports and visas, permitting them to leave, as well as smuggling others across borders and out of that country. The process took over 28 years, in complete secrecy to protect the lives of those in danger, as well as to protect the whole process. The majority of the Jews who were enabled to leave emigrated to Israel, New York, or South America.; Feld Carr described the venture: Her work focused on creating cells with Syrians temporarily abroad (who almost invariably had to leave family members behind as sureties for their return), those who had escaped, and Syrians inside the country, including Jews, Christians, and Muslims, to develop a reliable and secure information network.
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During the Fatimid conquest of Egypt, he led the delegation of notables from Fustat that met with the Fatimid commander Jawhar to negotiate the surrender of the city and Egypt to him and secure a writ of sureties (amān). As the Ikhshidid troops briefly resisted the Fatimid advance, the amān was void, and Abu Ja'far was tasked with approaching Jawhar to secure its renewal. Jawhar agreed, and charged Abu Ja'far Muslim with its upkeep, even giving him the right to issue personal writs of amān as he saw fit in Jawhar's name. Abu Ja'far latter appears to have retained his contacts in the Hejaz, and possibly enjoyed some authority in Medina; certainly the Husaynids of Medina quickly recognized the Fatimids, with the khuṭba being read in the name of Fatimid caliph al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah in 969 or 970, and even assisted them in imposing their control over Mecca as well.
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Not finding Ptolemy at Alexandria, Joseph went to meet him at Memphis, where the king graciously granted him a seat in his own chariot, together with the queen and Athenion. His cleverness won for him the monarch's friendship; and by his offer of 16,000 talents against the 8,000 bid by his opponents he secured the contract for farming the taxes, the king and queen becoming his sureties, since he did not have sufficient ready money. He left Alexandria with 500 talents and 2,000 soldiers, and by punishing all who opposed him in Ashkelon and Scythopolis and confiscating their estates, he made himself feared through all the cities of Syria and Phoenicia, while the great fortune which his extortions won was held secure by his continual presents to the king, queen, and courtiers, so that he retained his office of tax-farmer until his death, twenty-two years later. By his first wife Joseph had seven sons.
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The term allelengye (ἀλληλεγύη, "mutual guarantee/security") is first attested in papyri from Oxyrhynchus and identifies a joint guarantee over a debt or another fiscal obligation. By the early Byzantine period (4th–7th centuries), it had become a Greek equivalent of the Latin term fideiussio. According to a novella of Justinian I (), there were two types, one of limited liability among the co-sureties and one of unlimited liability for any and all fiscal and legal responsibilities arising. In the usage of 9th- and 10th-century texts, its meaning had shifted slightly to replace the previous term epibole in describing the collective tax obligation among rural communities: thus in the legislation of Nikephoros I () a community had to cover collectively for any of its poorer members who were currently in military service and unable to pay, and later legislation extended this to the obligations of any peasants who had fled the land.
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120-121 A revocation of the contract of suretyship by act of the parties, or in certain cases by the death of the surety, may also operate to discharge the surety. The death of a surety does not per se determine the guarantee, but, save where from its nature the guarantee is irrevocable by the surety himself, it can be revoked by express notice after his death, or by the creditor becoming receiving constructive notice of the death; except where, under the testator's will, the executor has the option of continuing the guarantee, in which case the executor should specifically withdraw the guarantee in order to terminate it. If one of a number of joint and several sureties dies, the future liability of the survivors continues, at least until it has been terminated by express notice. In such a case, however, the estate of the deceased surety would be relieved from liability.
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Additional calls for reform include: the high rates of alimony and child support imposed regardless of economic capability; the loss of freedom of movement by the liberal use of no-exit court orders prohibiting fathers (including fathers not in arrears) from leaving the country unless guaranteeing all future child support by deposit of money or sureties; gender biased prevention of domestic violence laws that are misused by divorcing women to evict fathers from their homes and disconnect them from their children—alongside women's legal exemption from prosecution for filing false accusations; the promotion of parental alienation, and; the high rate of fathers forced to see their children in supervised visitation "contact centers" due to false claims of child abuse. On child custody law, in 2008 the Ministry of Justice appointed Schnitt Commission, chaired by Professor Dan Schnitt, majority report recommended that shared custody be the default arrangement. On January 19, 2012, then Justice Minister Yaakov Neeman announced that he accepted the Schnitt Commission's finding. A weakened amendment was enacted in 2016.
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Lovell was for many years proprietor and editor of The Statesman, a London newspaper set up in 1806 by John Hunt. He was an outspoken critic through the paper of the Tory government of the time, and he was subjected to much persecution. General Jail Delivery, satirical engraving of the time of Lovell's first imprisonment; the publication The Statesman is shown held (back to the left) by a man talking to a barrister; towards the front William Cobbett holds The Register, and Peter Finnerty is shown in a piece of pillory. In 1811, Lovell was sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment for copying the reporting of Manchester papers on the conduct of the military at Sir Francis Burdett's arrest; in contrast the original publishers of the libel were only asked to express regret at their inadvertence. In August 1812, he was again tried and found guilty of a libel on the commissioners of the transport service; and although he pleaded that it was published without his knowledge or sanction while he was in prison, he was sentenced to pay a fine, to be imprisoned in Newgate Prison for eighteen months, and to find securities for three years, with two sureties.
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And because of this, he is his vassal who shall be faithful > to him for all time and post the sureties for him which he must just as his > other liege vassals do and must do for him. And Bernat after the death of > his father must grant freely, faithfully, and without diminution to lord God > and San Paulo de Vallsol all the village of Mauri with all of its > appurtenances so that he shall be a vassal for all these things to lord God > and Saint Paul and the aforesaid Count and his son who will be the Count of > Besalú and his inhabitants of San Paulo without any deceit to him or > theirs.Donald J. Kagay (1994), The Usatges of Barcelona: The Fundamental Law > of Catalonia (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press), Appendix III, > 130. It is possible that the last independent count of Besalú, the Bernard who married Ximena, daughter of Raymond Berengar III, Count of Barcelona, with the acknowledgement that if he died without heirs his county would pass to Raymond, was Bernard II. The very existence of a third count Bernard, succeeding Bernard II, has been called into question.
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According to various existing civil codes, a suretyship, when the underlying obligation is "non-valuable", is null and void unless the invalidity is the result of personal incapacity of the principal debtorCodes Civil, France and Belgium, 2012; Spain, 1824; Portugal, 822; Italy, 1899; Netherlands, 1858; Lower Canada, 1932 In some countries, however, the mere personal incapacity of a minor to borrow suffices to eliminate the guarantee of a loan made to himSpain, 1824; Portugal, 822, §2, 1535, 1536 The Egyptian codes sanction guarantees expressly entered into "in view of debtor's want of legal capacity" to contract a valid principal obligation Egyptian Codes, Mixed Suits, 605; Native Tribunals, 496 The Portuguese code retains the surety's liability, in respect of an invalid principal obligation, until the latter has been legally rescindedart. 822, §I According to several codes civil sureties are divided into conventional, legal and judicial,Codes Civil, France and Belgium, 2015, 2040 et seq.; Spain, 1823; Lower Canada, 1930 while the Spanish code further divides them into gratuitous and for valuable consideration.art. 1, 823 The German code civil requires the surety's promise to be verified by writing where he has not executed the principal obligation.art.
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In addition, his close friend Hassan Ahmed offered to post C$3000 in bail. Elizabeth and Francis Barningham put forward C$10,000 as did Frank Lloyd Showler, a retired human rights activist. Imam Ali Hindy offered C$28,000, Matthew Barents offered C$2500, professor Sharon Aiken offered C$1000 and another five people also donated C$100 or less, including Member of Parliament Alexa McDonough. At his third application for release in 2007, Almrei was supported by two new Members of Parliament who offered to act as sureties and post bail for him, Bill Siksay (C$10,000) and Andrew Telegdi (C$500), while McDonough again reiterated symbolic support ($250) and Trudeau again offered C$5000, while Ralph and Hanson increased their bail offer to C$60,000. Erma Wolfe also offered C$3000 and suggested Almrei could live in the basement apartment attached to her house. And Hindy, the local Imam, gathered C$15,000 from the local Muslim community to contribute. On October 5, Justice Lemieux dismissed the application noting that the proposed bail conditions were "wholly inadequate". In Carolyn Layden-Stevenson's ruling rejecting the second application, she quoted a confidential CSIS agent named only as P.G. as having testified about Ahmed Khadr dying in 2004, when he actually died in 2003.
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An order for conditional discharge could be given either after a simple due admonition, or by making an order discharging him or her subject to the condition that the offender enters into a bond, with or without sureties,section 4 The Probation of Offenders Ordinance 1960 (No XLV) for committing no offense and observing good behavior during such period not exceeding one year from the date of the order.section 4(b), The Probation of Offenders Ordinance 1960 (No XLV) Such an order could be made in respect of a person who had not been previously convicted, and is now convicted by the court for an offense punishable with imprisonment not exceeding two years. The court in this regard is required to look into the offender's age, character, antecedents and physical or mental condition; and the nature of the offense or any extenuating circumstances attending the commission of the offense. Before making an order for conditional discharge, the court should also explain to the offender in ordinary language that if he or she commits any offense or does not remain of good behavior during the period of conditional discharge he or she could be liable to be sentenced for the original offense.
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