159 Sentences With "stippling" | Random Sentence Generator

Use soft, stippling motions to pat, not smear, the product into skin.

The dots and stippling evoke scarification and nails driven into Kongo figures.

Use a stippling brush if you have freckles you want to show off.

It creates a stippling effect when you apply makeup that leaves an incredible airbrushed look.

Follow up by stippling on a pressed powder in the same hue, blending at the creases.

The graphite is used to draw the forms, which Williams fills in, usually with dots and stippling.

I ended up swatting at my model's face when I tried to mimic this light-handed stippling technique.

"You're so skinny," Grandma (Kirin Kiki) tells her, right before noticing the scars stippling the tiny girl's body.

It can be used as a stippling brush to apply powder, or to blend out liquid and cream foundations.

She then blends everything into her skin with a medium-sized stippling brush, making sure no harsh lines remain.

See some of the coolest recent pieces the hashtag has to offer, below: Black and white stippling on brown paper.

But this time he does so using a hallucinatory style of digital stippling, a technique typically reserved for pen and paper.

Its grainy texture allows for a strange stippling effect, which seems to dust the whole with an air of comic unreality.

Their lines, forms and various textures of stippling, dashes and faint pencil circles would be the envy of any modern artist.

There are dozens of different types of foundation brushes (flat-top, buffing, kabuki, stippling...), but none so unique as Artis' toothbrush-like offerings.

Within the demarcated area, set against an uneven grid of dots and stippling, Williams has depicted various figures holding or wearing African masks.

Be they green or red, plump, taut rhubarb stalks, with minimal brown spots stippling the skin, are what you're looking for; this signifies freshness.

While Hodgin uses his stippling algorithm, which has magnetic particles that push pixels in different directions, to slowly build stipple recreations of classic artworks, denial.of.

Each mark made on the block shows up white, so with stippling, cross hatching and cutting through the wood with different pressures, an image is built up.

I didn't apply concealer and instead swiped a few lines of the foundation all over my face (including under my eyes) and blended it with a stippling brush.

And painting a Buatta room, which could involve six or seven coats on a canvas wall covering, plus stippling or staining and finally glazing, could easily come to the equivalent of $21977,21975 today.

In 21960, after seeing a retrospective of Georges Seurat's work at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, Hazelet began to employ pointillism's stippling to cover her surfaces with gradations of colored dots.

" But Vernon Henderson, a trauma surgeon for more than two decades, who treated Jessica, wrote that her injury "did not fit with that description"; neither of her hands had "any evidence of any gunpowder stippling.

You can also use a flat stippling brush, especially if you apply too much product (which can happen because the tube is opaque so you won't know you've squeezed out too much until it's too late).

There are three face brushes: A large slanted beauty for powder formulas like bronzer, blush, setting powder, and contour; a curved contour brush for any formula; and a flat stippling brush for cream, liquid or powder foundation.

Now, remember that foundation I told you about earlier, the Double Wear foundation, I'm just going to go ahead and apply this right here, just stippling this a little bit across the face so it kind of locks it in.

First, the odd stippling of those dots all over his shirt, face and the wall behind him; it takes a moment to realize that he's incarcerated and those dots are being cast by a pattern in a grate in the visitation area.

The patriarch and Count of the family, for instance, though the colors and gross figure are interesting and in broad strokes painterly, the pattern of stippling (or whatever you want to tall it) is a telltale mark of a computer attempting to create consistent texture.

She blended out the color with a stippling brush to give it an airbrush effect, and finished off the face with a bold red pout: Alexander filled the lip with M.A.C. Ruby Woo pencil before adding a layer of matte lipstick (Fashion Legacy) and Lip Glass.

A significant aspect of Gouthière's gilt bronze work is that it wasn't gold molding, but intended to give the appearance of that purity, which the artist was so skilled at suggesting in his scaly details of serpents writhing above Chinese garden seats repurposed as vases in 1782, or the chased stippling of feathers on two swans on a pair of 1770s vases.

In digital photography, stippling refers to image noise similar to film grain. In forensic science, stippling refers to a pattern of gunshot residue burned into the skin that results from close proximity to a discharged firearm.

Handguns with plastic frames will often have stippling or checkering molded into the frame.

The mutation that leads to a deficiency in arylsulfatase E. (ARSE) occurs in the coding region of the gene. Absence of stippling, deposits of calcium, of bones and cartilage, shown on x-ray, does not rule out chondrodysplasia punctata or a normal chondrodysplasia punctata 1 (CDPX1) gene without mutation. Stippling of the bones and cartilage is rarely seen after childhood. Phalangeal abnormalities are important clinical features to look for once the stippling is no longer visible.

Stippling is used to excellent effect in representing transparent materials in the filmy gowns and gossamer wings of the nymphs.

In health it is typically pale pink or coral pink in colour and may present with surface stippling or racial pigmentation.

A granular surface is produced by stippling or dabbing the surface with a stiff bristled brush specially made for this purpose.

Pappenheimer bodies must be distinguished with other basophilic granules inside erythrocytes like the basophilic stippling. Contrary to the latter, they contain iron.

The parasite was first described by Landau et al. in 1989. The infected erythrocyte becomes enlarged and stippled. The stippling resembles Maurer's dots.

The venter is white. The throat has finely stippling of dusky specks, which coalesce to form irregular patches on the lips and a band across the chest.

Artistic composition of musical elements using stippling technique In description of flora species, a stippling is a kind of pattern, especially in the case of flowering plants, produced in nature that occur on flower petals and sepals. These are similar to the dot patterns in artworks that produce an often intricate pattern. An example can be seen on the base of the petal insides of Calochortus luteus, a lily endemic to California.C. Michael Hogan. 2009.

Males measure and females in snout–vent length. They have scattered dark spots on the abdomen. Males have pronounced black stippling on the throat. The male call is a rapid series of chirps.

The main techniques used in drawing are: line drawing, hatching, crosshatching, random hatching, scribbling, stippling, and blending. A computer aided designer who excels in technical drawing is referred to as a draftsman or draughtsman.

Their accomplished chic can hold its own anywhere. It is not progressive art, though a course of it might be a wholesome tonic to our stippling brigade.'Sickert, W. The Complete Writings on Art p.

Charles Benefiel (born 1967) is a contemporary American outsider artist from California. As he has severe obsessive-compulsive disorder, almost all of his work is done via stippling. He currently lives in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Palatine teeth absent. Body bright yellow with black stippling and reticulations all over the dorsum. There are 40 dark blotches, which are outlined in black. In mid dorsal region, it forms an undulating dark stripe.

The single needle tool is used for stippling. Stippling is a technique used for generating a matte white surface to areas or for fine detail work such as the centers of flowers. To create a matte white surface the parchment is first lightly embossed and then small holes are perforated on the parchment in very close proximity. The perforation is done using a cardboard pad rather than a felt pad so that the needle will not pierce through the parchment, but rather create an embossed dot.

Larger trophozoites are more irregular tending toward amoeboidity. Pigment is in granules and there is no stippling of the host cell. The schizonts display irregularly shaped nuclei. The pigment is brown and clumped into a diffused mass.

There are minute black punctillations and narrow dark brown to black streaks running over the canthus and the tympanum. There is also an obscure interocular streak. The lower parts are immaculate apart from some faint stippling on the throat the jaws.

Species in this subgenus infect mammals other than the higher primates. Species infecting lemurs have since been included in this subgenus. This classification may not be correct. Schizonts: These do not fill the erythrocyte and do not show true stippling.

Born in Venice Beach, California, Charles experienced a mental breakdown in 1997 and was urged by friends to go to a mental health center, where he was diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder. His work has since been featured in various psychiatry and art magazines. His art is generally done on a large scale, some pieces being up to 5 x 8 feet in size; he does most of his work through a neurotic method of stippling, without any preliminary designs. After the stippling is complete, the works are soaked in tea and treated with chemicals to give an old look.

Basophilic stippling is marked and target cells are common. The mean cell volume is commonly decreased (i.e., a microcytic anemia), but it may also be normal or even high. The RDW is increased with the red blood cell histogram shifted to the left.

Stippling was used as an adjunct to conventional line engraving and etching for over two centuries, before being developed as a distinct technique in the mid-18th century. The technique allows for subtle tonal variations and is especially suitable for reproducing chalk drawings.

Ed Ruscha: Metro Plots, January 27 - February 27, 1999 Gagosian Gallery, New York. The paintings are grey and vary in their degrees of light and dark, therefore appearing as they were done by pencil in the stippling technique.Ed Ruscha, BLVD.-AVE.-ST. (2006) Tate, London.

The chin and the throat are dark brown. The rest of the venter is light gray-brown, albeit possibly with brown stippling reducing the contrast with the darker anterior parts. The iris is dark brown. The male advertisement call consists of 6–10 barking notes.

Richmond's paintings are close in style to his father's work, but distinguished by the characteristic use of dark stippling in the background.D. Foskett, Collecting Miniatures, p.31 7, pi. 85F. His paintings were criticised for their overly idealised and sugary presentations of subjects, especially women.

Pigment is dark and made up of fine grains. Schüffner-type stippling also taking a deep red stain appears about half way through this stage. Older trophozoites are compact, rounded or oval and display very little amoeboidity. The vacuole may be diminished or lost.

In the Smokey Mountain National Park approximately fifty percent of the plants sampled showed symptoms of foliar ozone injury. Approximately seventeen percent of the leaves sampled were injured. The percent of plants injured increases as the elevation increases. The stippling may become more prominent in late summer.

Secondary episodes may occur at variable intervals. The early gametocytes consist of minute dense spots of chromatin with a tiny loop of cytoplasm. As the parasite grows, the chromatin tends to spread in a semicircle or into multiple dots. There is no stippling of the erythrocyte.

Head also bright yellow in color and contains black stippling. On the parietal portion of the head, there is a distinctive dark blotch in the shape of the letter “M”. Ventral surface yellow and flecked with small black spots. Tail darker olive-green with pale yellow banding.

Heavy stippling is present. As schizogony proceeds, the eosinophilic masses approximate forming a deep red border around the developing schizont. At this stage the host cell may be appreciably enlarged and some may assume an oval shape. Mature schizonts produce 4 to 16 (mean 12) large merozoites.

The main techniques used in drawing are line drawing, hatching, crosshatching, random hatching, scribbling, stippling, and blending. An artist who excels in drawing is referred to as a drafter, draftswoman, or draughtsman. Drawing can be used to create art used in cultural industries such as illustrations, comics and animation.

In case of one or few solitary areas of plasma cell gingivitis, no symptoms are reported from the patient. Most often solitary entities are therefore found by the dentist. The gums are red, friable, or sometimes granular, and sometimes bleed easily if traumatised. The normal stippling is lost.

Coquille board, also known as stipple board, is a type of drawing paper with a pebbled texture. Used with a soft crayon or carbon pencil, coquille produces a shading effect similar to stippling, and is useful in works to be reproduced in print, such as scientific illustration and cartooning.

The "mixed method" entailed lightly etching guidelines into the plate. The image was then engraved by the dot and lozenge method and by stippling. Instead, Blake engraved his illustrations in pure line and without preliminary etching. The engravings were completed in 1825, and an edition of 315 was produced in 1826.

Base colour is patterned by small dark and closely packed blotches especially over the back, sides, head and snout. Many of the blotches join together to form uneven vertical bars. These dark markings are occasionally obscured by a fine dark stippling. Gill covers are translucent and have a small gold spot.

Capodimonte porcelain jar painted in the stipple style of Giovanni Caselli with three figures of Pulcinella from the commedia dell'arte, 1745-50 Stippling is the creation of a pattern simulating varying degrees of solidity or shading by using small dots. Such a pattern may occur in nature and these effects are frequently emulated by artists.

Stippling uses dots to produce tone, texture and shade. Different textures can be achieved depending on the method used to build tone. Drawings in dry media often use similar techniques, though pencils and drawing sticks can achieve continuous variations in tone. Typically a drawing is filled in based on which hand the artist favors.

Precambrian geologic map of the Pine Creek Geosyncline: Uranium deposits: R=Ranger, K=Koongarra, N=Nabarlek, and J=Jabiluka. Stippling indicates the Kombolgie Formation of Middle Proterozoic sandstones with some volcanics, crosses indicate the Nanambu Complex of Archean granites and gneisses, and the unmarked outlined region indicates the Cahill Formation of Proterozoic metamorphic rocks.

Soon after, Jane married John Read. As she began painting miniature portraits, she developed her own personal style. She often framed sitter's faces with dark foliage of landscaped backgrounds. She used a combination of techniques to depict bone structure, used stippling and hatching to capture the subject's features, and used a combination of thick and thin paint brush strokes.

The rubber latex did not reflect light in the same manner as natural skin. Chase used a stippling process—creating a pattern with small dots—to add varied colors to the actors faces to better conceal where the skin and prosthetics met. Close-up shots were avoided for the same reason. Doc's appearance was not significantly altered.

The Van Gogh Museum's version of Orchard with Peach Trees in Blossom was painted in April. This may be the painting that Van Gogh referred to as one with a great deal of stippling that depicts an orchard surrounded by cypress trees. If so, Van Gogh intended it to be paired with another painting of the same size.

The caps have deep stippling and are found most often as singlets, but occasionally as doublets. The Concow tribe call the acorns lō-ē’ (Konkow language). Globular galls up to several centimeters in diameter are frequently attached to twigs of mature specimens of valley oak. These house the larval stage of small indigenous wasps Andricus quercuscalifornicus.

The deep blue cytoplasm has delicate, dark pigment granules scattered within it. The host cell, which may be slightly enlarged, has a red ring of eosinophilic stippling within it. Mature microgametocytes occupy the entire the host cell and have dark pink cytoplasm. The off-center nucleus stains red and has a deep red bar-like mass.

Pigment granules are heavy and fairly evenly distributed in the cytoplasm. The host cells show a pronounced stippling and may have fimbriated edges. Liver stages: These have been studied 6–14 days post infection. The exoerythrocytic bodies are circular to elliptical in shape and measure 20 micrometres in diameter at day 6 and 40–60 micrometres at day 14.

It may begin as a few stipples that are angular in shape. The coloring of the stippling may range from a light reddish-purple to black. In prolonged cases the leaves will become yellow color and may eventually die. Verbesina occidentalis has been shown to effect the diversity of the plant community and the density of the other plants present.

Males, which reach 74 mm snout-to-vent (about 3 inches), are green to green-blue, with blue stippling on the head and anterior trunk. They have yellow coloring on the jaws and ventral surface, and the area around the eye is dark. Males have a large dewlap that extends into the abdominal region. Females are duller and have a smaller dewlap.

Needle tools are sometimes used for embossing details, but mostly are used for perforating to make decorative, lace-like patterns. Needle tools have either single or multiple points and are used for different purposes. A single needle tool is used for embossing or stippling. A 2 needle tool is used for even perforations for marking areas which are to be cut with scissors.

This is the most distinct elepaio; adult birds have their head and back gray, with a white supercilium, a rusty-red breast and a white underside. Young birds are uniformly rusty above and white below. Wings and tail are alike in all subspecies, but the young individuals of sclateri have the white stippling of the wings replaced by rusty coloration too.

Seiderman created the effect of skin pores on Kane's face by stippling the surface with a negative cast made from an orange peel. Welles often arrived on the set at 2:30 a.m., as application of the sculptural make-up took 3½ hours for the oldest incarnation of Kane. The make-up included appliances to age Welles's shoulders, breast, and stomach.

Bone marrow aspirate: ring sideroblasts Ringed sideroblasts are seen in the bone marrow. On the peripheral blood smear can be found erythrocytes with basophilic stippling (cytoplasmic granules of RNA precipitates) and Pappenheimer bodies (cytoplasmic granules of iron). The anemia is moderate to severe and dimorphic. Microscopic viewing of the red blood cells will reveal marked unequal cell size and abnormal cell shape.

Changes to the oral mucous membrane including the epithelium and connective tissue, result in decreased immunity against pathogens. There is a loss of elasticity and stippling, with a general thinning over time. Diseases such as oral thrush can become more prevalent, and the healing rate lowers.Gil-Montoya, J. A., de Mello, A. L. F., Barrios, R., Gonzalez-Moles, M. A., & Bravo, M. (2015).

Crested newts are dark brown, with black spots on the sides, and white stippling in some species. Their belly is yellow to orange with black blotches, forming a pattern characteristic for individuals. Females and juveniles of some species have a yellow line running down their back and tail. During breeding phase, crested newts change in appearance, most markedly the males.

The dorsum is pale yellowish-brown to dark brown. There is a black inter-orbital bar and spots forming a dorsal chevron; the sides of the head are also black. The venter is dirty white or gray with black stippling. Males have a large pale area edged in brown on posterior flank/groin, while the corresponding pale area in females is diffuse, without well-defined edges.

Another major influence was the landscape painter Gillis van Coninxloo. A painting entitled Landscape with River Vale and Falcon Hunt (Museum Mayer van den Bergh, Antwerp) is inspired by the work of Joos de Momper. From 1620 onwards the Mannerist aspect of his palette was replaced by pure and brilliant colours applied in light stippling. He juxtaposed various colours to achieve gradual shading and gentle transitions.

The inflorescence is an open panicle of flowers atop the stem. Each flower has a calyx of four or five pointed sepals and a corolla of four or five pointed lobes each up to 1.3 centimeters long. The corolla is dull blue to violet in color with darker purplish veining or stippling. There are two rounded nectary pits at the base of each lobe of the corolla.

He worked on the healthcare of plantation workers in Senembah Maatschappij, Deli, North Sumatra. He demonstrated malaria control through management of hygiene. He recorded the characteristic red stippling found in red blood cells of patients infected by tertian malaria (Plasmodium vivax) which are now known as Schüffner's dots. From 1916 he was a public health advisor to the colonial government of the Dutch East India Company.

He paints standing up, applying a new layer of paint (finished paintings will comprise fifty to one hundred or more layers of paint applied over a period of several years and when completed can take up to five months to dry out). His preferred tools are palette knives (one in each hand is the norm), and a decorator's brush which he holds vertically using a stippling technique.

Its back is either black or, when possessing distinct saddles, amber or orange with black saddles. Females have dark olive-black tops of the head, with snouts that are a similar color but paler. Females have variable coloration of the cheek and opercle. They can be medium olive-black with yellow crescent-shaped markings or instead with pale yellow stippling (small dots) or mottling.

This nudibranch has a translucent dorsum with fine white or pink stippling and two longitudinal black lines. There are a few radiating black lines at right angles to the longitudinal lines and a Y-shaped line at the front of the head. It is a large Phyllidiid, growing to about 85 mm in length. The rhinophores are black at the tips with a pink area on the frontal surfaces.

6 [1964]. While he worked in a range of media, from gouache to oils, Finlay specialized in, and became famous for, detailed pen-and-ink drawings accomplished with abundant stippling, cross- hatching, and scratchboard techniques. Despite the very labor-intensive and time-consuming nature of his specialty, Finlay created more than 2600 works of graphic art in his 35-year career.Virgil Finlay: Master of Dark Fantasy Illustration, website 'These Fantastic Worlds'.

The female has a yellow line running along the lower tail edge. The throat is mixed yellow–black with fine white stippling, the belly yellow to orange with dark, irregular blotches. During the aquatic breeding season, males develop crest up to high, which runs along the back and tail but is interrupted at the tail base. It is heavily indented on the back but smoother on the tail.

This is overlaid with black stippling that may form a bold pattern of interconnected rosettes. The underside is yellowish or greenish with both the male and female sporting bright blue spots along the flanks, though the male is typically brighter in colour than the female. Young are green, grey, or brown, with yellowish or white, often black-edged, spots all over. Male and female ocellated lizard, Timon lepidus, courting.

Philip's work is catalogued as relating to the built environment. He was much influenced by early Italian Primitive painters, Duccio and Cimabue. He painted huge canvasses in clear pure colours, stippling the paint to create a smooth surface. His city-scapes often included material from the lives of Saints, Popes and historical events. He painted the Italian mediaeval: the Pallio in Siena, Venice and (later in his career) contemporary cities“I.

In 1981 she published Paint Magic,Paint Magic, Frances Lincoln Ltd which popularized the practices of stenciling, stippling and the pleasures of festoon blinds. It went on to sell over a million copies around the world. At a time when DIY meant rawlplugs and melamine kitchen units, Innes introduced middle England to a world of pelmets and passementerie. In 1983 she became the Design Editor of Cosmopolitan magazine.

Totleben and Bissette joined the series in 1983 shortly before Moore. Totleben's style was unusual for the time, and is still distinctive among U.S. comics artists, for its fluid layouts and heavily detailed rendering using a combination of stippling and hatching. He also painted covers for the series in oils and acrylic. Totleben inked the story in Swamp Thing #37 (June 1985) which introduced the John Constantine character.

The 3rd series added single/double-action triggers on several models in lieu of the double-action only of the first two series. Additionally, the grips of 3rd generation pistols are available in various different colors and the grip stippling is altered; tactical or Picatinny rail accessory mounts are also an option."Identifying the Differences Between the Taurus Millennium and Millennium Pro", Boiled Frog Blog. Accessed June 11, 2008.

Stippling may also be used in engraving or sculpting an object even when there is no ink or paint involved, either to change the texture of the object, or to produce the appearance of light or dark shading depending on the reflective properties of the surface: for instance, stipple engraving on glass produces areas that appear brighter than the surrounding glass. The technique became popular as a means of producing shaded line art illustrations for publication, because drawings created this way could be reproduced in simple black ink. The other common method is hatching, which uses lines instead of dots. Stippling has traditionally been favoured over hatching in biological and medical illustration, since it is less likely than hatching to interfere visually with the structures being illustrated (the lines used in hatching can be mistaken for actual contours), and also since it allows the artist to vary the density of shading more subtly to depict curved or irregular surfaces.

Hepatocytes display an eosinophilic cytoplasm, reflecting numerous mitochondria, and basophilic stippling due to large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes. Brown lipofuscin granules are also observed (with increasing age) together with irregular unstained areas of cytoplasm; these correspond to cytoplasmic glycogen and lipid stores removed during histological preparation. The average life span of the hepatocyte is 5 months; they are able to regenerate. Hepatocyte nuclei are round with dispersed chromatin and prominent nucleoli.

Walter Heath Williams specialized in painting farm scenes with rows of haystacks, or stalks of corn tied into stooks, all brightly lit by the midday sun. He tended to use a palette dominated by yellows and soft browns, and he often used stippling to give the effect of flowers in fields, and leaves on trees. He also painted some river and coastal landscapes of Devon and Cornwall.see Walter Williams at Sphinx Fine Art.

Hamilton was a well known forester, surveyor and illustrator of the early British hill stations in South India and a famous sportsman, shikari, big-game hunter and trophy collector. He was an acute observer of nature and a gentleman.Hamilton, p. xxxviii Though executed only in pen and ink or pencil, these drawings have artistic merit due to the artists skillful use of hatching and stippling to achieve realistic texture, shading and perspective.

Uncle Sam Supplying the World with Berry Brothers Hard Oil Finish, c. 1880. This cheaply produced chromolithographic advertisement employs a technique called stippling, with heavy reliance on the initial black line print. Alois Senefelder, the inventor of lithography, introduced the subject of colored lithography in his 1818 Vollstaendiges Lehrbuch der Steindruckerey (A Complete Course of Lithography), where he told of his plans to print using colour and explained the colours he wished to be able to print someday.Ferry, Kathryn.

Other crested newt species are more stockily built; only the Danube crested newt (T. dobrogicus) is more slender. Body shape is correlated with skeletal build: The northern crested newt has 15 rib-bearing vertebrae, only the Danube crested newt has more (16–17), while the other, more stocky Triturus species have 14 or less. The newts have rough skin, and are dark brown on the back and sides, with black spots and heavy white stippling on the flanks.

Parchment cards became larger in size and crafters began adding wavy borders and perforations. In the nineteenth century, influenced by French romanticism, parchment crafters began adding floral themes and cherubs and hand embossing. Parchment craft today involves various techniques, including tracing a pattern with white or colored ink, embossing to create a raised effect, stippling, perforating, coloring and cutting. Parchment craft appears in hand made cards, as scrapbook embellishments, as bookmarks, lampshades, decorative small boxes, wall hangings and more.

Battie, 117 By the end of the 18th century, a variant technique giving "bat-printed" wares was introduced. This used "pliable glue bats or slabs" of a rubbery texture instead of the paper. The plate printed glue onto the bat, which was then transferred to the piece, and powdered pigments were then added, which stuck to the glue. The technique was associated with the introduction of stippling rather than line engraving as the technique used on the copper plates.

Some convicted criminals from the British Isles who were sentenced to transportation to Australia in the 18th and 19th centuries used coins to leave messages of remembrance to loved ones left behind in Britain. The coins were defaced, smoothed and inscribed, either by stippling or engraving, with sometimes touching words of loss. These coins were called "convict love tokens" or "leaden hearts". A number of these tokens are in the collection of the National Museum of Australia.

Effects not generally associated with ballpoint pens can be achieved. Traditional pen-and-ink techniques such as stippling and cross- hatching can be used to create half-tones or the illusion of form and volume. Skillful integration of existing colors can create an illusion of colors which do not actually exist. Finely applied, the resulting imagery has been mistaken for airbrushed artwork and photography, causing a reaction of disbelief which artist Lennie Mace refers to as the "Wow Factor".

The stippling technique involved the etching, usually on a copper plate, of stipple dots to form an image. The process was tedious; many thousands of these dots were required to form an image of this quality. After the copper plate was etched, it was then used to make a number of prints by the usual intaglio method. The number depended upon how well the plate held up during the printing process, which abraded the plate slightly with each use.

Caldecott from his The Diverting History of John Gilpin, (1887 edition) showing colour separation and stippling techniques The pressure of such steady production caused Crane to stop his work for a period, and Evans replaced him with Randolph Caldecott, whose magazine illustrations he had seen and liked.Ray, p. 154 Initially Evans hired Caldecott to draw illustrations for nursery rhyme books,Lundin, Beyond Ivory Towers, p. 73 beginning with another printing of The House that Jack Built in 1877.

Giulio Campagnola, The Astrologer, c. 1509, with areas such as the dark foreground, the man's bald head, and the tree trunks created by a burin stippling technique. Stipple engraving is a technique used to create tone in an intaglio print by distributing a pattern of dots of various sizes and densities across the image. The pattern is created on the printing plate either in engraving by gouging out the dots with a burin, or through an etching process.

The scale of the work is refined, using smaller threads and needles that allow the use of detailed and complex patterns. Quilts with heirloom machine quilting usually include background quilting which fills the negative space around the designs with dense stitching. This creates contrast between the curvilinear shapes and the flattened background space using stippling, echo quilting, repeated patterns, or geometric grids. The intricate quilted designs produce three dimensions on the surface of the quilt through the play of light and shadows.

Art historian Dale Johnson described Beauty Revealed as "strikingly realistic", demonstrative of Goodridge's ability to portray nuanced lights and shadows. She found the stippling and hatching used in creating the painting to be delicate. Writing in Antiques in 2012, Randall L. Holton and Charles A. Gilday said that the painting continued to present a self that evokes a "frisson of erotic possibility". Packard wrote that Beauty Revealed served as a sort of visual synecdoche, representing the entirety of Goodridge through her breasts.

As a result, P. vivax occurs less frequently in West Africa. The parasitised red blood cell is up to twice as large as a normal red cell and Schüffner's dots (also known as Schüffner's stippling or Schüffner's granules) are seen on the infected cell's surface. Schüffner's dots have a spotted appearance, varying in color from light pink, to red, to red-yellow, as coloured with Romanovsky stains. The parasite within it is often wildly irregular in shape (described as "amoeboid").

For shading and blending, the artist can use a blending stump, tissue, a kneaded eraser, a fingertip, or any combination of them. A piece of chamois is useful for creating smooth textures, and for removing material to lighten the tone. Continuous tone can be achieved with graphite on a smooth surface without blending, but the technique is laborious, involving small circular or oval strokes with a somewhat blunt point. Shading techniques that also introduce texture to the drawing include hatching and stippling.

Variety and combination of colours is most pleasurable. Knight makes much of the need to fragment an image into tonal and colouristic "masses", a view that has been claimed to anticipate the late work of Turner, or even Impressionism. However, it most directly justifies the practices of contemporary painters of picturesque landscapes, such as Girtin, whose stippling effects are comparable to Knight's account of pleasing colour combinations. Knight commissioned landscape artist, Thomas Hearne to produce several drawings of the grounds of his home, Downton Castle in Herefordshire.

The coloration of the species is light brown mottling on a dark brown base, with a pale white abdomen covered with light brown or grey stippling around the margins and posterior to pectoral girdle. Fins lighter distally than proximally. Pectoral fin with spots on spine and faint or no spots on rays; rays darker than membranes, fin especially dark at base and along spine and first branched ray. Pelvic, dorsal and anal fins with small dark spots on rays and dorsal spine, rays considerably darker than membranes; dorsal fin with black band at distal edge.

Example of parchment craft Parchment craft, also known as Pergamano, is the art of embellishing and decorating parchment paper (or vellum paper) through the use of techniques such as embossing, perforating, stippling, cutting and coloring. Parchment craft has been predominantly used in the making of cards (religious devotional cards, greeting cards and gift cards) but the techniques are being applied to related items such as bookmarks and picture frames as well as 3-dimensional sculptural paper projects such as ornaments and boxes.Ospina, Martha. Pergamano: Parchment Craft Basic Techniques.

Sudarium of Saint Veronica by Claude Mellan (1649), a famous showpiece where the image is formed by a single continuous line, starting on the tip of Christ's nose. In traditional engraving, which is a purely linear medium, the impression of half-tones was created by making many very thin parallel lines, a technique called hatching. When two sets of parallel-line hatchings intersected each other for higher density, the resulting pattern was known as cross-hatching. Patterns of dots were also used in a technique called stippling, first used around 1505 by Giulio Campagnola.

Depending on the distance between where the loop is drawn through the fabric and where it is knitted, dip stitches can produce a subtle stippling or long lines across the surface of the fabric, e.g., the lower leaves of a flower. The new loop may also be passed between two stitches in the 'present' row, thus clustering the intervening stitches; this approach is often used to produce a smocking effect in the fabric. The new loop may also be passed through 'two or more' previous stitches, producing a decrease and merging wales together.

Whether these sections were further subdivided into planting beds, and how this garden was planted, cannot be distinguished from the map's vague stippling. It may have been a practical garden of vegetables and herbs, or a flower garden, or a mix. Whatever the garden's contents, the space was clearly differentiated from the landscape around it. Most of the site is now overgrown with trees, and the end near the house was lawn by the twentieth-century and disrupted in the late twentieth century by the construction of a septic field.

Walther LGR Moving Target A great deal of creative thought was expended for the LGR stock designs. The stocks were designed to conform to UIT regulations and offer match shooters a great degree of comfort. The basic LGR and LGR Junior stocks were made of beech with little stippling. The higher grade LGR Match, LGR Match Universal and LGR Moving Target variants stocks had higher combs and raised sighting lines and were made of good grades of walnut and sported a fully stippled pistol grip area and fore end.

Line art emphasizes form and drawings), of several (few) constant widths (as in technical illustrations), or of freely varying widths (as in brush work or engraving). Line art may tend towards realism (as in much of Gustave Doré's work), or it may be a caricature, cartoon, ideograph, or glyph. Before the development of photography and of halftones, line art was the standard format for illustrations to be used in print publications, using black ink on white paper. Using either stippling or hatching, shades of gray could also be simulated.

The autopsies of Jasmine and Jamilya Lewis showed that both girls died of gunshot wounds to the head and were shot at very close range. Powder stippling around Jasmine's left eye, the site of her mortal wound, indicated that her eyes were open when she was shot. One of the blood spots discovered on Henyard's socks matched the blood of Jasmine Lewis. "High speed" or "high velocity" blood spatters found on Henyard's jacket matched the blood of Jamilya Lewis and showed that Henyard was less than four feet from her when she was killed.

The species maintains populations throughout the forested (primary, secondary and coastal/littoral) parts of these islands (Osborne, unpublished data). A largish frog, it can grow up to 100 g and to body lengths (SUL) of 110 mm. The larger individuals tend to be a very dull dark brown (sometimes with yellow spots on either side of the head near the tympanum). However, smaller adults and juvenile frogs can be highly polymorphic in coloration, with banding and stippling in darker or lighter hues of red, brown, green and curry-yellow.

The loss of NT5C3 in pyrimidine 5' nucleotidase deficiency, an autosomal recessive condition, leads to the accumulation of high concentrations of pyrimidine nucleotides within erythrocytes. This deficiency is characterized by moderate hemolytic anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, and marked basophilic stippling, and has been associated with learning difficulties. Two homozygous mutations identified in this gene produced large deletions that could cripple the enzyme’s structure and function, and are thus causally linked to pyrimidine 5' nucleotidase deficiency and hemolytic anemia. Heterozygous mutations in pyrimidine 5' nucleotidase deficiency may contribute to the large variability in thalassemia phenotypes.

Usually, the sculptures emerge from a single block of wood, primarily a local Vermont hardwood such as maple, birch, cherry, walnut, or beech, brought to Holzapfel by local loggers. At times, she turns the wood on the lathe to delineate its basic shape; other times, she uses the lathe simply as a carving tool. In general, she carves and manipulates the wood using techniques such as stippling, bleaching, burning, furrowing, and gouging to create rich repeat patterns, distinctive areas of light and shadow, and, most surprisingly, the illusion of assemblage.

Measuring long in total, sometimes up to in females, the Danube crested newt is the smallest crested newt species. It has a more slender, elongate body than the other species, well adapted to swimming, with a narrow head and relatively short limbs. This body shape has evolved through an increase in the number of rib-bearing vertebrae: there are 16–17 of them in T. dobrogicus, the highest number among the crested newts. The Danube crested newt's back and sides are dark brown with black spots and white stippling.

Blocks of solid colors can be done in mosaic knitting, but require many slipped stitches in a row; hence, blocks of solid colors are usually broken up with stippling, i.e., with regularly spaces spots of the opposing color. On the other hand, mosaic knitting is significantly lighter than Fair-isle knitting, which is nearly twice as thick and bulky. Long horizontal bars of the same color are also more convenient in mosaic knitting than they are in Fair-isle knitting (where such bars require that the other colors be held at the back for long runs).

In the basement of their apartment, David Welt created the first paint roller using bent steel for the frame and he glued some carpet on to a wooden dowel to make the roller cover. The initial handmade rollers weren't very good at applying paint but did a great job of "stippling" (covering brush strokes and surface imperfections). Morris and David named their company ARSCO which stood for American Roller Stippler Company. As they found better fabrics for the roller cores, the business grew and they began supplying Sherwin- Williams, Glidden Paints and many others around the world.

Moyer was represented by CANADA Gallery in New York City from 2003 until 2015; she is now represented by DC Moore Gallery. For the past two decades, Carrie Moyer’s paintings have merged abstract aesthetics and political imagery. Complex and seductive paintings layer vividly colored and textured biomorphic forms with a range of historical, stylistic and physical references that include Color Field, Social Realist, and Surrealist paintings, 1960s and ’70s counter culture graphics, 1970s feminist art, and bodily forms and fluids. Moyer often works on the floor, pouring, rolling, stippling, mopping, and hand-working the paint, as well as adding sections of glitter.

The term stipple can also apply to a random pattern of small depressions applied to a surface to increase the friction and make the surface easier to grip. This process is similar to knurling or checkering, but is often used on complex curved surfaces, such as anatomical grips, where a regular pattern would not fit. Stippling can be cast into plastic objects, or applied with a hammer and punch to wood or metal objects. A further use of stipple indicates the damage caused by spider mites which make tiny white spots on plant leaves which can coalesce until the entire leaf appears silvery.

In quilt making, the term refers to background quilting in heirloom quilts and all-over stitching in others. It is made freehand or with free-motion machine quilting by densely stitching through all layers in a relatively close repetitive design. In interior decoration, the tips of the bristles of a stippling brush are dabbed onto a freshly painted wall or surface to create a subtle design in the paint. The paint hit by the points is displaced and leaves only a thin dot of paint through which a lighter layer of colour underneath will show through.

Penny, Nicholas, A Closer Look: Frames, 80, 2011, Yale University Press, , ; Penny avoids the term "pastiglia" in discussing picture frames, talking of piped and "press-cast" gesso. It was then always gilded or painted, usually the former. The technique was very widely used in painted panels while gold-ground paintings remained the norm for altarpieces, along with a range of other techniques for decorating plain gilded surfaces such as stamping, engraving or scratching lines, and stippling, punching or pricking dots. In Gothic architectural frames for polyptychs, pastiglia is very commonly used to decorate small flat areas such as spandrels and behind scalloped edges.

Artists like James Barry and John Hamilton Mortimer were the exceptions to the norm insofar as they tended to engrave their own material. A further division in the process was that text and images were handled by different artisans; text was printed by means of a movable letterpress, whereas images were engraved, two very different jobs.Viscomi (2003: 41) During Blake's training as a professional copy engraver with James Basire during the 1770s, the most common method of engraving was stippling, which was thought to give a more accurate impression of the original picture than the previously dominant method, line engraving.

The plates of Nanteuil, several of them approaching the scale of life, number about three hundred. He drew 155 of his 221 portraits from life. In his early practice he imitated the technique of his predecessors, working with straight lines, strengthened, but not crossed, in the shadows, in the style of Claude Mellan, and in other prints cross- hatching like Regnesson, or stippling in the manner of Jean Boulanger; but he gradually asserted his full individuality, modeling the faces of his portraits with the utmost precision and completeness, and employing various methods of touch for the draperies and other parts of his plates.

Her early miniatures were made with a stippling technique. In the two years following her graduation she worked as an art teacher at New Ebenezer College and as an assistant to Atlanta artist James P. Field who had been her art instructor at Southern Female College. During that time she began painting portrait miniatures, receiving her first commission in 1896, a portrait of the opera singer Adelina Patti. Later that year, she left for Paris where she studied painting, etching, and sculpture with the American-born artist Augustus Koopman and miniature painting with American artist, Virginia Richmond Reynolds.

Whiting's father had known Arthur Streeton and it is possible Streeton suggested she try her hand at miniatures.She acquired the skills necessary including "stippling with a camel hair brush" and she achieved notability, which was commented on regularly during her career, when one of her early miniatures was exhibited at the Royal Academy in London in 1900. Painting miniatures was time-consuming, but Whiting was known for working quickly and her watercolour miniatures on ivory were greatly admired. She usually only required a small number of sittings and was adept at painting from photographs, including portraits of people who had died.

Adult males reach and adult females in snout–vent length; it is among the larger Hyperolius species. The dorsal colour pattern in the type series consists of dark vermiculations on a pale background, or sometimes pale stippling on a dark background. Hyperolius marmoratus broadleyi, which may or may not be synonymous with this species, has a light mid-dorsal band running the whole length of the animal, and a pair of dorso-lateral light bands running from edge of upper eyelid and upper half of eye to base of leg. The latter are laterally bordered by a dark band.

Drawing is a means of making an image, illustration or graphic using any of a wide variety of tools and techniques available online and offline. It generally involves making marks on a surface by applying pressure from a tool, or moving a tool across a surface using dry media such as graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoals, pastels, and markers. Digital tools, including pens, stylus, Apple pencil that simulate the effects of these are also used. The main techniques used in drawing are: line drawing, hatching, crosshatching, random hatching, scribbling, stippling, and blending.

Traditional pen-and-ink techniques such as stippling and cross-hatching can be used to create half-tones or the illusion of form and volume. For artists whose interests necessitate precision line-work, ballpoints are an obvious attraction; ballpoint pens allow for sharp lines not as effectively executed using a brush. Finely applied, the resulting imagery has been mistaken for airbrushed artwork and photography, causing reactions of disbelief which ballpoint artist Lennie Mace refers to as the "Wow Factor". Famous 20th-century artists such as Andy Warhol, among others, have utilized ballpoint pens to some extent during their careers.

The plates were stipple engravings (again produced by Lambert) in full color with extensive hand finishing. Stippling, which Madame Vincent probably learned from her teacher Redouté who was renowned for using this dotted technique, is well suited to representing the texture of flowers but poses extra challenges to the engraving process. The book, which is a comparatively small volume of 11 x 8.25 inches, has been praised as of "such consummate loveliness" that it enhances the overall reputation of French floral painters of the era. Madame Vincent's work was included in the 2013 show "The Feminine Perspective: Women Artists and Illustrators" organized by the Lenhardt Library of the Chicago Botanic Garden.

Smith studied stippling techniques under Francesco Bartolozzi, one of the most famous and sought after engravers of the 18th Century. During his career Smith engraved many fine plates after the designs of contemporary masters such as William Hogarth, William Beechey and George Romney. He also created portrait engravings of such noteworthy individuals as Marquis Cornwallis and George III. Benjamin Smith, one of the foremost engravers of London, was for some years largely employed by John Boydell, who commissioned him to engrave many of the most important plates for his Shakespeare Gallery and for his Poetical Works of John Milton set, which were published between 1794 and 1797.

His subjects, especially those of his later life, are often simple; but, considered technically, his works exhibit all the resources of the watercolour painter's craft, from the purest transparent tinting to the boldest use of gouache, stippling on prepared opaque grounds, use of rough paper, and scraping for highlights and texture. His sense of colour is perhaps as true as that of any English artist. He was, says John Ruskin, all in all, the finest ever painter of still life. Several characteristic examples of Hunt's work, as the Boy with a Goat, A Brown Study, Plums, and Primroses and Birds' Nests are in the Victoria and Albert Museum.

The microscopic appearance of P. ovale is very similar to that of P. vivax and if there are only a small number of parasites seen, it may be impossible to distinguish the two species on morphological grounds alone. There is no difference between the medical treatment of P. ovale and P. vivax, and therefore some laboratory diagnoses report "P. vivax/ovale", which is perfectly acceptable as treatment for the two are very similar. Schüffner's dots are seen on the surface of the parasitised red blood cell, but these are larger and darker than in P. vivax and are sometimes called James' dots or James' stippling.

Most adult red-tails have a dark brown nape and upper head which gives them a somewhat hooded appearance, while the throat can variably present a lighter brown "necklace". Especially in younger birds, the underside may be otherwise covered with dark brown spotting and some adults may too manifest this stippling. The back is usually a slightly darker brown than elsewhere with paler scapular feathers, ranging from tawny to white, forming a variable imperfect "V" on the back. The tail of most adults, which of course gives this species its name, is rufous brick-red above with a variably sized black subterminal band and generally appears light buff-orange from below.

The soft dorsal, caudal, and pectoral fins are dusky with distinct orange stippling in all rays. Iridescent blue is restricted to the pre-opercle and lower opercles. Males are very brightly colored during breeding season Currently the blueside darter is listed as a species of least concern because its range of occurrence, number of subpopulations, and population size are relatively large, and because the species is probably not declining fast enough to qualify for any of the threatened categories The total adult population size is unknown but surpasses 10.000 individuals Page, L.M. and Burr, B.M. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico.

This was the period in which intense competition with the new tabloid The Sun encouraged large helpings of nudity to be seen in British tabloids, and the strip reflected this. Bellamy's style was much more vivid than that of the original artist John Allard, and he was probably brought in to spice up the strip. Jim Edgar had been writing the strip since 1966 and shared the by-line credit with Bellamy. Bellamy applied all the graphic tricks in his arsenal from stippling and crosshatching to chiaroscuro inking to create a modern and eye-catching look for Garth unlike anything else appearing in newspapers at the time.

Vibrational signals of this species are noted for their low frequency, and one male signal type is much longer than any other previously described signals in stink bugs, although the significance of this is not yet clear. The brown marmorated stink bug is a sucking insect (like all Hemiptera or "true bugs") that uses its proboscis to pierce the host plant to feed. This feeding results, in part, in the formation of dimpled or necrotic areas on the outer surface of fruits, leaf stippling, seed loss, and possible transmission of plant pathogens. It is an agricultural pest that can cause widespread damage to fruit and vegetable crops.

Drew Friedman is an American cartoonist and illustrator who first gained renown for his humorous artwork and "stippling"-like style of caricature, employing thousands of pen-marks to simulate the look of a photograph. In the mid-1990s, he switched to painting. Friedman's work has appeared in such periodicals as Entertainment Weekly, Newsweek, Time, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The New Yorker, The New Republic, The New York Observer, Esquire, RAW, Rolling Stone, The Village Voice and Mad. His works have been anthologized in seven collections, and he has illustrated a number of books, including Howard Stern's Private Parts and Miss America, as well as books of portraits released under his own name.

This American system of wood engraving substituted short, broken lines and dot stippling and so forth for the regulation long lines and regular sweep of the metal engraver. Sylvester Koehler, in his paper on the United States contributed to the folio volume Die Radierung der Gegenwart ("Current engraving," Vienna, 1892–93), calls him the "boldest and most inconsiderate experimenter among the pioneers of the new school," but cites his reproduction of "Monticello" as a veritable triumph of wood engraving. Juengling's reproductions of Kelly's illustrations in Scribner's Monthly (1877) is regarded by Weitenkampf as making "the first obvious, continued assertion of the new point of view." Juengling died in New York City, survived by his wife, Helen Juengling.

Henri de Toulouse- LautrecThere are several categories of drawing, including figure drawing, cartooning, doodling, and freehand. There are also many drawing methods, such as line drawing, stippling, shading, the surrealist method of entopic graphomania (in which dots are made at the sites of impurities in a blank sheet of paper, and lines are then made between the dots), and tracing (drawing on a translucent paper, such as tracing paper, around the outline of preexisting shapes that show through the paper). A quick, unrefined drawing may be called a sketch. In fields outside art, technical drawings or plans of buildings, machinery, circuitry and other things are often called "drawings" even when they have been transferred to another medium by printing.

In the 1890s, on a visit to England, Hills became fascinated by miniature paintings on ivory. She taught herself the painstaking technique and by 1893 had completed a series of miniature portraits of girls from her hometown. These Seven Pretty Girls of Newburyport, which launched her on a decades-long career as a miniature portrait painter, are now in the collection of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts along with other of her miniature paintings. She was considered one of the best miniature painters in America and something of an innovator in the medium, especially in her use of broad paint handling, bright colors, and line work in place of traditional stippling.

Custom grip checkering Gripping surfaces, particularly on handguns, are often designed to provide a large degree of friction to prevent the shooter's grip from shifting. This can be done by either using a material that provides a high friction, such as rubber, or by adding texture to the grips. Traditionally wood grips and stocks are provided with checkering, a process where "V" shaped grooves are cut into the wood at an angle to each other, leaving a pattern of pyramidal projections in the wood. Another process uses a punch to leave a random pattern of dents in the surface, called stippling; this process is better suited to complex curves than checkering, and is often found on anatomical grips.

Images produced by halftoning or dithering and computer printers operate on similar principles (varying the size and/or spacing of dots on paper), but do so via photographic or digital processes rather than manually. These newer techniques have made it possible to convert continuous-tone images into patterns suitable for printing, but artists may still choose stippling for its simplicity and handmade appearance. The Wall Street Journal still features stippled and hatched portraits known as hedcuts (a style brought to the WSJ by Kevin Sprouls in 1979) in its pages, a holdover from its earlier avoidance of photographs. Due to the constraints of deferred shading, stippled transparency, where some pixels are fully opaque and some fully transparent, has become common for 3D models in some video games.

He tried several new methods of engraving, and introduced the technique known as "stippling", which he used in his Collection of Devout Heads, Taken from Paintings by Famous Artists (1794), and in his portrait of Diego Hurtado de Mendoza in the Portraits of Illustrious Spaniards.Juan Carrete Parrondo, Estrella De Diego and Jesusa Vega, Catálogo del Gabinete de Estampas del Museo Municipal de Madrid, Estampas españolas, Vol. I, Madrid, Museo Municipal, 1985, . His culminating work is the Collection of Different Views of the Magnificent Temple and Royal Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Factory of the Catholic and Prudent King Felipe II, built by the Distinguished Architects Juan Bautista de Toledo and Juan de Herrera his Disciple , which he undertook on his own initiative.

" Christ Stack of Dancing Astronaut described the song's progression as a "rhythmic rendition with metallic high hats in place, life and death seem to coincide with each other." Nest HQ's Cassie Sheets wrote that "Spider on the Moon" demonstrated Rezz's "natural intuition on the equal importance of the absence of sound", describing the song as a "dichotomy between the robust, sub-bass characteristics and the rich, glistening melodic intonations." Writing for Dancing Astronaut, Christ Stack noted the songs prominent theme of outer space, writing "Rezz's varied, clicking synths and grounded bass sounds like a giant spider on firm ground." Writing for EDM Identity, Jayce Ullah-Blocks described "Teleportal" as reminiscent of 1788-L's style, writing "The electrifying bass rips are back, broken up by stippling silence blurbs.

Deutsche Mutter (German Mother), 1935 In July 1936, he was still able to publish an article in the popular German art magazine Die Kunst für Alle, explaining how, as a sculptor with his chisels and stippling technique, he "awoke the image, sleeping in the stone". His essay was illustrated with four pictures showing various stages of his work at a sculpture called Deutsche Mutter (German Mother). In Nazi Germany, Epple had refused to become a member of the Nazi Party and the Reichskulturkammer, a Nazi-led professional organization requiring all German creative artists to register as members and to propagate National-Socialist ideology in their work. His refusal meant that he was no longer given government assignments and that his work was seen, even in retrospect, as un- German, even "Entartet" ("degenerate").

Halftone processes allow photographs, complete with their "half-tone" intermediate shades of gray or color, to be reproduced in ink on paper by means of a printing press, like text. Prior to such processes, images were printed in books and periodicals by means of hand-engraved metal plates or wood blocks, or from drawings made on lithographic stones. Half-tone effects were obtained by engraving closely spaced parallel or hatched lines, by stippling, or by exploiting the granular texture inherent in the stone lithography process. Ives is sometimes referred to as "the" inventor of "the" halftone process, but this is incorrect and Ives never made such a claim for himself. There was not one halftone process, but a considerable number of them, the earliest dating nearly as far back as the introduction of practical photography in 1839.

Bindman (1978: 10) It was unusual for artists to engrave their own designs, due primarily to the social status attached to each job; engraving was not seen as an especially exalted profession, and was instead regarded as nothing more than mechanical reproduction. Artists like James Barry and John Hamilton Mortimer were the exceptions to the norm insofar as they tended to engrave their own material. A further division in the process was that text and images were handled by different artisans; text was printed by means of a movable letterpress, whereas images were engraved, two very different jobs.Viscomi (2003: 41) During Blake's training as a professional copy engraver with James Basire during the 1770s, the most common method of engraving was stippling, which was thought to give a more accurate impression of the original picture than the previously dominant method, line engraving.

The artists continued to experiment with many media and styles, with the dominating styles being "gestural abstractionism", such as the work of Emily Kame Kngwarreye, and the fine stippling techniques, as seen in the work of the Ngal sisters and Kathleen Petyarre. Utopia's Aboriginal artists have been remarkably successful, and continue to produce distinctive works that are collected by people in Australia and all over the world. Notable artists from Utopia include Emily Kame Kngwarreye; seven sisters including Gloria Petyarre, Kathleen Petyarre, Nancy Petyarre and Jeanna Petyarre, and their extended family members Elizabeth Kunoth Kngwarray (Kngwarreye) and others; Poly, Kathleen and Angelina Ngal; Ruby, Lucky, Sarah and Hazel Morton; and many others. The Community Art Centre at Ampilatwatja was established in 1999, and most artists based there paint landscapes and "Arreth" themes, which means paying homage to their traditional bush medicine, rather than Dreaming stories.