1000 Sentences With "sacral" | Random Sentence Generator

She would then suck this energy down into her sacral chakra— that's the one in the groin—and then shoot it directly into my sacral chakra.

The groom's mother is an independent cranial sacral therapist in La Grange Park.

The sacral charge of the destination was amplified by the difficulty of getting there.

The sacral lobiani , a kidney-bean-filled flatbread, has been wantonly garnished with crunchy bacon.

He had a sacral dimple and a high-arched palate that made it difficult to nurse.

To find a more "popular way of communicating," and deconstructing the sacral character of traditional pictorial language.

"The Blaster Beam stimulates the sacral chakra, which is about two inches below the naval," Huxley explains.

My ovary has settled in on the muscles around the sacral nerves in my back that allow us to walk.

I wrote mine to my sacral, while others wrote and read messages of love to their hearts, throats, and dicks.

"He became a sacral victim," wrote Mustafa Nayyem, a former investigative journalist and now an MP. The killers may have miscalculated.

Standing frames made of slender lengths of steel outline a surrounding, curvy, pristine architecture, giving the whole a vaguely sacral feeling.

The spine has thirty-three vertebrae, which are divided into five regions—the coccygeal, the sacral, the lumbar, the thoracic, and the cervical.

Did you know that Bruce Sargent, the drummer for The Hipshakes, has a small indentation known as a sacral dimple above his buttocks?

In the case of Cryptotora, however, the pelvis is a broad plate joined to a sacral rib, which in turn binds to the vertebrae.

I flipped through "The Crystal Bible" looking for a stone with healing properties for my sacral chakra — a center of spiritual power in the body.

What I didn't realize was that she had selected these crystals to help align my out-of-whack root and sacral chakras, as revealed by the quiz.

The overall form of her large prints often evokes church architecture, with the upper edges shaped to echo vaulted ceilings and gothic arches, conjuring a sacral power.

On October 29th, 2019, the University of Cambridge welcomed me into its engineering department's vast, utilitarian building, which is noticeably less sacral-looking than the institution's other more famous sites.

Marquee also journeys to Gran Teatro de la Habana for "The Sacral Dance" from Danza Contemporánea de Cuba, whose drum-heavy score incorporates Latin salsa-esque rhythms with Afro-Cuban nanigo beats.

In Written in Smoke and Fire, Edgar Arceneaux reappropriates blackface and examines the legacy of a quasi-sacral figure in national history, Martin Luther King, Jr. Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads CAMBRIDGE, Mass.

InterStim is placed under the skin just above the tailbone and works by sending mild electric impulses to the sacral nerves that control movement and sensation in parts of the pelvis in order to prevent bladder contractions.

Dr. Müller-Wohlfahrt, a homeopathic specialist who has worked with Bayern Munich and the German national soccer team, determined that Olazábal had a biomechanical problem caused by a hernia between the fifth lumbar and first sacral spinal bones.

" Though Pendergrast did not give specifics of how the January 22 accident happened, he told his followers he was "found submerged in water for hours, with severe hypothermia, multiple pelvic fractures, severely comminuted sacral fractures, Morel-Lavallee, and more.

While the kissing was going on, she placed the fingers of her right hand on my root chakra—an area that roughly corresponds to the perineum—and the fingers of her left on my sacral chakra, which lined up with the waistband of my underwear.

And, of course, I sometimes went inside Notre-Dame, if rarely, pushing through the tourists to get a sense of the sacral and the holy, to see the magnificent rose windows, to gauge the immense space, to contemplate what some believed to be the crown of thorns Jesus wore on the cross.

The laminae of the fifth sacral vertebra, and sometimes those of the fourth, do not meet at the back, resulting in a fissure known as the sacral hiatus in the posterior wall of the sacral canal. The sacral canal is a continuation of the spinal canal and runs throughout the greater part of the sacrum. Above the sacral hiatus, it is triangular in form. The canal lodges the sacral nerves, via the anterior and posterior sacral foramina.

The inferior runs obliquely across the front of the piriformis and the sacral nerves to the medial side of the anterior sacral foramina, descends on the front of the sacrum, and anastomoses over the coccyx with the middle sacral and opposite lateral sacral artery. In its course it gives off branches, which enter the anterior sacral foramina; these, after supplying the contents of the sacral canal, escapes by the posterior sacral foramina, and are distributed to the muscles and skin on the dorsal surface of the sacrum, anastomosing with the gluteal arteries.

The superior, of large size, passes medialward, and, after anastomosing with branches from the middle sacral, enters the first or second anterior sacral foramen, supplies branches to the contents of the sacral canal, and, escaping by the corresponding posterior sacral foramen, is distributed to the skin and muscles on the dorsum of the sacrum, anastomosing with the superior gluteal.

The lateral sacral veins accompany the lateral sacral arteries on the anterior surface of the sacrum and end in the hypogastric vein.

The nerve is a major branch of the sacral plexus, with fibers originating in Onuf's nucleus in the sacral region of the spinal cord.

Cervical vertebrae make up the junction between the vertebral column and the cranium. Sacral and coccygeal vertebras are fused and thus often called "sacral bone" or "coccygeal bone" as unit. The sacral bone makes up the junction between the vertebral column and the pelvic bones.

There were two sacral vertebrae, each with its own sacral ribs. This contrasts with Silesaurus, which has three or four sacral vertebrae which share sacral ribs between each other. Like other dinosauriforms, the tail vertebrae increase in length further down the tail. The scapula is long and narrow, expanded into a triangular structure at the tip and lacking any perforations on the acromion process.

This is a trait typically seen in more derived sauropodomorphs, like Melanorosaurus, Leonerasaurus, Barapasaurus, and Shunosaurus. The first of these sacral vertebrae, the dorsosacral, is not very well-fused to the next sacral vertebra; neither is it entirely fused to the corresponding sacral rib on the transverse processes. Collectively, the dorsosacral and first pair of sacral ribs extend forward to contact the ilium. The second and third sacral vertebrae, the two primordial sacrals, are about the same length, and are well-fused to each other.

Sacral nerve stimulation, also termed sacral neuromodulation, is a type of medical electrical stimulation therapy. It typically involves the implantation of a programmable stimulator subcutaneously, which delivers low amplitude electrical stimulation via a lead to the sacral nerve, usually accessed via the S3 foramen. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved InterStim Therapy, by Medtronic, as a sacral nerve stimulator for treatment of urinary incontinence, high urinary frequency and urinary retention. Sacral nerve stimulation is also under investigation as treatment for other conditions, including constipation brought on by nerve damage due to surgical procedures.

The first 'primordial' sacral vertebra (likely the second sacral) is low and wide, with characteristically-shaped sacral ribs. The sacral ribs expand anteroposteriorly at their tips, with the anterior expansions being large and subtriangular. The first primordial's unique prezygapophyses are very large and circular, with their faces pointing upward and inwards. On the other hand, the postzygapophyses are short, downwards-pointing, and connected by a V-shaped hyposphene.

The ilia were attached to the sacral vertebrae via a sacral yoke formed by fused sacral ribs. Huayangosaurus still had rather long and obliquely oriented ischia and pubic bones. In more derived species, these became more horizontal and shorter to the rear, while the front prepubic process lengthened.

482–83 The lumbosacral trunk is a communicating branch passing between the sacral and lumbar plexuses containing ventral fibers from L4. The coccygeal nerve, the last spinal nerve, emerges from the sacral hiatus, unites with the ventral rami of the two last sacral nerves, and forms the coccygeal plexus.

The sacral ganglia are paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic trunk.:39 As the sympathetic trunk heads inferiorly down the sacrum, it turns medially. There are generally four or five sacral ganglia. In addition to gray rami communicantes, the ganglia send off sacral splanchnic nerves to join the inferior hypogastric plexus.

A posterior procedure via lumbar and sacral partial laminectomy-laminoplasty and transdural ligation of the neck of the meningocele for anterior sacral meningoceles, or alternatively, tumor excision for other types of presacral lesions. Endoscopic or endoscope-assisted surgery via a posterior sacral route can be feasible for treatment of some of the patients with anterior sacral meningocele. Anterior meningocele pouch associated with Currarino syndrome will regresses over time following transdural ligation of its neck.

On the lateral aspect of the sacral groove is a linear series of tubercles produced by the fusion of the articular processes which together form the indistinct medial sacral crest. The articular processes of the first sacral vertebra are large and oval- shaped. Their facets are concave from side to side, face to the back and middle, and articulate with the facets on the inferior processes of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The tubercles of the inferior articular processes of the fifth sacral vertebra, known as the sacral cornua, are projected downward and are connected to the cornua of the coccyx.

Pes (foot) of Elessaurus seen in plantar view (i.e. looking towards the sole) Hip and tail vertebrae of Elessaurus seen from above The sacral rib of the second sacral (hip) vertebra bifurcates towards its contact with the ilium. Most of this sacral rib has a broad connection with the ilium, but at its rear it sends a pointed prong backwards. This trait is similar to Macrocnemus but unlike other tanystropheids, many of which do not have bifurcating sacral ribs.

The dorsal surface of the sacrum is convex and narrower than the pelvic surface. In the middle line is the median sacral crest, surmounted by three or four tubercles—the rudimentary spinous processes of the upper three or four sacral vertebrae. On either side of the median sacral crest is a shallow sacral groove, which gives origin to the multifidus muscle. The floor of the groove is formed by the united laminae of the corresponding vertebrae.

The pelvic brim is a continuous oval ridge of bone that runs along the pubic symphysis, pubic crests, arcuate lines, sacral alae, and sacral promontory.Multiple citations to "(J Bridges)" embedded in text.

The sacral lymph nodes are placed in the concavity of the sacrum, in relation to the middle and lateral sacral arteries; they receive lymphatics from the rectum and posterior wall of the pelvis.

The Denis classification is a system of categorizing sacral fractures.

Some dorsals near the hip lose the characteristic ventral keel, instead acquiring additional pits near the rib facets. The sacrum was probably formed by two unfused vertebrae, connected to massive sacral ribs. The rib facets are huge in conjunction with the sacral ribs, but not large enough to annihilate the pits at the base of the neural arch. Each rib facet of the first sacral vertebra had a distinct upper and lower connection to the trumpet-shaped first sacral rib.

A sacral angle of lesser degree suggests funneling of the pelvis.

The seemingly holocephalous (single-headed) ribs, which were already short to begin with, diminished further towards the hip. There were likely only two sacral vertebrae, based on the number of sacral ribs. All of the sacral ribs apparently flared out to the same extent as they contacted the pelvis, like Mesenosaurus, although Cabarzia additionally possessed knob- like scars on the upper surface of its sacral ribs. The caudal (tail) vertebrae were fairly elongated, with thick, hook-shaped caudal ribs proportionally similar to those of Apsisaurus.

At the side of the articular processes are the four posterior sacral foramina; they are smaller in size and less regular in form than those at the front, and transmit the posterior divisions of the sacral nerves. On the side of the posterior sacral foramina is a series of tubercles, the transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae, and these form the lateral sacral crest. The transverse tubercles of the first sacral vertebra are large and very distinct; they, together with the transverse tubercles of the second vertebra, give attachment to the horizontal parts of the posterior sacroiliac ligaments; those of the third vertebra give attachment to the oblique fasciculi of the posterior sacroiliac ligaments; and those of the fourth and fifth to the sacrotuberous ligaments. Lateral surface The lateral surface of the sacrum is broad above, but narrows into a thin edge below.

There are various strategies to alter the interaction between the nerves and muscles of the bladder, including nonsurgical therapies (transurethral electrical bladder stimulation), minimally invasive procedures (sacral neuromodulation pacemaker), and operative (reconfiguration of sacral nerve root anatomy).

Although the ancestral archosaur only had two sacral (hip) vertebrae, many different archosaur groups acquired additional sacral vertebrae over the course of their evolution. Nesbitt (2011) argued that additional sacral vertebrae formed between these two 'primordial' vertebrae. He gave the well-preserved sacrum of the poposauroid Arizonasaurus as evidence to this process. Poposauroids have three to four sacral vertebrae, with the last and third-to-last vertebrae articulating with the ilium in a way similar to the two primordial vertebrae of more primitive archosauriformes such as Euparkeria and phytosaurs.

Although incomplete, the second 'primordial' sacral (likely the third sacral) is also low, with sacral ribs similarly shaped to those of the first 'primordial' sacral. The humeral head is offset from the humeral shaft, and the right humerus as a whole is wide and distally tapering (although missing the distal portion). A thin bone has been interpreted to be a right ilium, with an unusual illiac blade which is S-shaped in posterior view. However, this interpretation is uncertain and the bone's shape may be a result of postmortem deformation.

The height of the dorsal spines of the rear dorsals is unknown, but a high spine on a tail vertebra of the New Park Quarry material, specimen BMNH R9677, suggests the presence of a crest on the hip area. The spines of the five vertebrae of the sacrum form a supraneural plate, fused at the top. The undersides of the sacral vertebrae are rounded but the second sacral is keeled; normally it is the third or fourth sacral having a ridge. The sacral vertebrae seem not to be pneumatised but have excavations at their sides.

In human anatomy, the sacral plexus is a nerve plexus which provides motor and sensory nerves for the posterior thigh, most of the lower leg and foot, and part of the pelvis. It is part of the lumbosacral plexus and emerges from the lumbar vertebrae and sacral vertebrae (L4-S4).Thieme Atlas of Anatomy (2006), pp 470-471 A sacral plexopathy is a disorder affecting the nerves of the sacral plexus, usually caused by trauma, nerve compression, vascular disease, or infection. Symptoms may include pain, loss of motor control, and sensory deficits.

The pelvic splanchnic nerves arise from the anterior rami of the sacral spinal nerves S2-S4 and enter the sacral plexus. They travel to their side's corresponding inferior hypogastric plexus, located bilaterally on the walls of the rectum.

The urostyle is post-sacral and corresponds to three or more modified vertebrae.

A lower motor neuron exits to the sacral plexus exiting through the spinal levels L5-S2. From the sacral plexus, the lower motor neuron travels down the sciatic nerve.Saladin, Kenneth S. Anatomy & Physiology: the unity of form and function. 5th ed.

The sacral spinal nerve 4 (S4) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.American Medical Association Nervous System -- Groups of Nerves It originates from the spinal column from below the 4th body of the sacrum Sacrum, showing bodies in center.

The sacral spinal nerve 3 (S3) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.American Medical Association Nervous System -- Groups of Nerves It originates from the spinal column from below the 3rd body of the sacrum. Sacrum, showing bodies in center.

The sacral spinal nerve 2 (S2) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.American Medical Association Nervous System -- Groups of Nerves It originates from the spinal column from below the 2nd body of the sacrum Sacrum, showing bodies in center.

The sacral spinal nerve 1 (S1) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.American Medical Association Nervous System -- Groups of Nerves It originates from the spinal column from below the 1st body of the sacrum Sacrum, showing bodies in center.

The nerve to piriformis originates in the sacral plexus. It arises from the posterior division of the ventral rami of the first and second sacral nerves, and enters the anterior surface of the piriformis muscle. This nerve may be double. This nerve is not to be confused with the inferior gluteal nerve, which also arises from posterior divisions of the first and second sacral ventral rami (S1, S2).

The sacral plexus lies on the back of the pelvis in front of the piriformis muscle and the pelvic fascia. In front of it are the internal iliac artery, internal iliac vein, the ureter, and the sigmoid colon. The superior gluteal artery and vein run between the lumbosacral trunk and the first sacral nerve, and the inferior gluteal artery and vein between the second and third sacral nerves.

Philadelphia : Courage Books/Running Press, 19742\. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Moore, Keith L. Philadelphia : Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010 (6th ed) There are five paired sacral nerves, half of them arising through the sacrum on the left side and the other half on the right side. Each nerve emerges in two divisions: one division through the anterior sacral foramina and the other division through the posterior sacral foramina.1\.

This contrasts with other silesaurids, which have a straight lower edge to the acetabulum, and instead may suggest a partially perforated acetabulum akin to that of dinosaurs. The inner surface of the ilium has several facets for the sacral ribs. The second facet is twice as long as the first and may have encompassed two sacral ribs, suggesting that Kwanasaurus possessed three sacral vertebrae. Referred distal femur DMNH EPV.

Non- drug treatments for overactive bladder include sacral nerve stimulation, acupuncture, and behavior modification.

The idea is that aspects of modernism have arisen in a particular sacral environment.

The median sacral artery (or middle sacral artery) is a small vessel that arises posterior to the abdominal aorta and superior to its bifurcation. It descends in the middle line in front of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae, the sacrum and coccyx, ending in the glomus coccygeum (coccygeal gland). Minute branches pass from it, to the posterior surface of the rectum. On the last lumbar vertebra it anastomoses with the lumbar branch of the iliolumbar artery; in front of the sacrum it anastomoses with the lateral sacral arteries, sending offshoots into the anterior sacral foramina.

This plexus innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limb. The lumbar plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves L1-L4. The sacral plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves L4-S4. The lumbar and sacral plexuses innervate the pelvic girdle and lower limbs.

The lumbosacral trunk is nervous tissue that connects the lumbar plexus with the sacral plexus.

Like other basal sauropodomorphs, the transverse processes of the third sacral vertebra project backwards and outwards. The same is true of the transverse process and sacral ribs for the fourth sacral vertebra, which contact the ilium again at the back. All of the neural spines are plate-like, like the last few dorsal vertebrae. It is probable that Xingxiulong would have had more than the 35 preserved caudal vertebrae in the tail.

A sacral nerve stimulator is a small device implanted in the buttocks of people who have problems with bladder and/or bowel control. This device is implanted in the buttock and connected to the sacral nerve by a wire. The device stops urges to defecate and urinate by sending signals to the sacral nerve. The patient is able to control their bladder and/or bowel via an external device similar to a remote control.

Most synapsids possess only 3 sacral vertebrae, which articulate with the ilium and are vital in tetrapod locomotion. According to Griffin et. al., “The ancestral synapsid probably possessed two sacral vertebrae (Romer 1956; LeBlanc and Reisz 2014), with Therapsida and some non-therapsid lineages (e.g., Caseidae, Edaphosauridae, Sphenacodontidae) incorporating a third sacral from the caudal series.” Synapsids display very little variation in the number of presacral vertebrae, as their axial column is highly conserved.

The lumbosacral trunk comprises the whole of the anterior division of the fifth and a part of that of the fourth lumbar nerve; it appears at the medial margin of the psoas major and runs downward over the pelvic brim to join the first sacral nerve. The anterior division of the third sacral nerve divides into an upper and a lower branch, the former entering the sacral plexus and the latter the pudendal plexus.

The sacral spinal nerve 5 (S5) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.American Medical Association Nervous System -- Groups of Nerves It originates from the spinal column from below the 5th body of the sacrum. Sacrum, showing bodies in center. S5 supplies the Coccygeus muscle.

The median sacral vein (or middle sacral veins) accompanies the corresponding artery along the front of the sacrum, and joins to form a single vein, which ends in the left common iliac vein; sometimes in the angle of junction of the two iliac veins.

The material includes cervical, dorsal, sacral and caudal vertebrae, the forelimb girdle, and the partial hindlimb.

It is regarded as "one of the most beautiful sacral monuments of Islamic architecture in Montenegro".

All dermatomes below the level of injury to the spinal cord may lose sensation. An injury at a lower point on the spine does not necessarily mean better sexual function; for example, people with injuries in the sacral region are less likely to be able to orgasm than those with injuries higher on the spine. Women with injuries above the sacral level have a greater likelihood of orgasm in response to stimulation of the clitoris than those with sacral injuries (59% vs 17%). In men, injuries above the sacral level are associated with better function in terms of erections and ejaculation, and fewer and less severe reports of dysfunction.

The dorsal vertebrae have spool-shaped centrae which are about 1.4 times longer than high, making them more elongated than those of herrerasaurids. Several areas on the dorsals are incised, such as the sides of the centrum (which each have a shallow depression) and the rear of the neural arch (which has postzygapophyseal centrodiapophyseal and centrodiapophyseal fossae). There were likely three sacral vertebrae, with at least the first one articulating with the hip akin to the "primordial" first sacral of other reptiles. This contrasts with Saturnalia in which the first sacral vertebra is an incorporated dorsal vertebra without the hallmarks of a primordial sacral.

Two sacral (hip) vertebrae were present, though only the first one possessed a large, robust rib which contacted the ilium (upper blade of the hip). Some studies have argued that there was only one sacral vertebra, with the supposed second sacral actually being the first caudal due to having a shorter, more curved rib than the first sacral. Each ilium is low and teardrop-shaped when seen from the side, while the underside of the hip as a whole is formed by a single robust puboischiadic plate, which is rectangular when seen from below. Both the hip and shoulder sockets were directed at 45 degrees below the horizontal.

The superficial dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament (ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius superficiale) originates on the free margin of the sacral hiatus to attach on the dorsal surface of the coccyx. It closes the posterior aspect of the most distal part of the sacral canal and corresponds to the ligamenta flava.

Signal propagation continues down the anterior rami (Lumbar 4-5 and Sacral 1-5) of the sacral plexus. The sciatic nerve branches off of the sacral plexus in which the tibial and common fibular nerves are wrapped in one sheath. The tibial nerve eventually separates from the sciatic nerve and innervates the gastrocnemius muscle. Thus, completing the plan the brain had originally started with, so that the actions of running, standing, and jumping could be executed.

In the middle of the base is a large oval articular surface, the upper surface of the body of the first sacral vertebra, which is connected with the under surface of the body of the last lumbar vertebra by an intervertebral fibrocartilage. Behind this is the large triangular orifice of the sacral canal, which is completed by the lamina and spinous process of the first sacral vertebra. The superior articular processes project from it on either side; they are oval, concave, directed backward and medialward, like the superior articular processes of a lumbar vertebra. They are attached to the body of the first sacral vertebra and to each ala, by short thick pedicles; on the upper surface of each pedicle is a vertebral notch, which forms the lower part of the foramen between the last lumbar and first sacral vertebrae.

Topography, lithology, stratigraphy. Household, manufacturing and sacral structures. Relative and absolute chronology. Ed. by E. N. Chernykh.

The post-sacral part of the spinal column ossifies continuously, forming an unsegmented cylindrical rod, the urostyle.

The thoracic and sacral kyphotic curves are termed primary curves, because they are present in the fetus.

Plan of sacral and coccygeal plexuses. Ventral rami of L4-S3 with parts of L4 and S4 spinal nerves form the Sacral plexus. It is located on the posterior wall of pelvic cavity (pelvis minor). Nervi of the plexus innervate the perineal region, buttocks and the lower limb.

Limnoscelis had single headed ribs,, though they might have had cartilaginous caps to allow the passage of the vertebral artery between the capitulum and tubercle of each rib. Limnoscelis had two sacral vertebrae, a feature shared with amniotes, though the second sacral vertebra is reduced compared to the first.

The locomotion of Casea involves a three-vertebra sacrum in early synapsids and no apparent link to body size, we argue that this sacral anatomy was related to more efficient terrestrial locomotion than to increased weight bearing. Selective pressures for weight- bearing or more efficient locomotory styles and increasingly terrestrial lifestyles may have promoted the repeated acquisition of three sacral vertebrae in Synapsida. the development of the third sacral rib attachment to the pelvis in Synapsids may support this hypothesis.

One sacral vertebra is present, and it shows a clear suture where it was joined to the sacral ribs and pelvis. The orientation of the sacral rib suggests that the ilium was downturned, although this is not certain. Two caudal vertebrae are present as well, and these are poorly preserved with missing neural spines, but show facets where chevrons would have been attached. The proximal ends of two cervical ribs have also been fossilised, and these have two heads - a tuberculum and capitulum.

Metanephric dysplastic hematoma of the sacral region (MDHSR) has been described by Cozzutto and Lazzaroni-Fossati in 1980,Cozzutto C, Lazzaroni- Fossati F (1980) Renal dysplasia with sacral-perineal location. J Urol 124:901-903 by Posalaki et al. in 1981 Posalaky Z, Drake RM, Mawk JR, Franciosi RA, Spencer BH, Athinarayan PR, Baker TA, Viring N (1982) Ectopic immmature renal tissue over the dorsum of lumbar and sacral area in two infants. Pediatrics 69:336-339 and by Cozzutto et al.

The synapse between the afferent and efferent limbs occurs in the lowest sacral segments of the spinal cord.

The number of post cervical vertebrae in Macrotus are as follows: twelve thoracic, six lumbar, five sacral, seven caudal.

Nikola Sarić (born 6 June 1985 in Bajina Bašta) is a Serbian German painter focussing on Christian sacral art.

Sacral splanchnic nerves are splanchnic nerves that connect the inferior hypogastric plexus to the sympathetic trunk in the pelvis.

This may be due to reflexes that do not require input from the brain, which sacral injuries might interrupt.

Bæksted (1994) p. 109 The distribution of toponyms in middle Sweden containing the names of the deities Freyr and Freyja may be a trace of a prehistoric sacral kingdom in the Mälaren region associated with the two fertility deities and the idea of a sacred marriage.Hyenstrand, Åke (1999) p. 129 There are difficulties involved in the use of toponyms, since words often have both a sacral and a non-sacral meaning; for instance the word hørg can mean stone altar as well as stony soil.

The third and fourth sacrals represent the primordial sacrals, present in all dinosaur groups. The second, S2, is the ancestral sauropodomorph sacral that was added in basal sauropodomorphs, who all share three sacrals to the exception of Plateosaurus. The fifth sacral, fused behind the primordial pair, is a caudosacral, migrated from the tail into the pelvis in taxa around Leonerasaurus. The first sacral, articulated with the ilium but not fused to the other vertebrae, represents the dorsosacral, bringing the count to five vertebrae found in all neosauropods.

The sacral vertebrae have a total length of , with the total sacral length being . The pelvic girdle is well-preserved and well studied. In the holotype, the pelvic girdle is almost complete, only lacking the proximal ends of each ischium. The ilia of the holotype are well known, and show many distinct features.

Seven sacral vertebrae were fused into a synsacrum. The front sacral vertebra had a round and concave front articulation facet. The vertebral bodies of the front half of the synsacrum were excavated at their sides, comparable to the back vertebrae. Robust side processes connected the synsacrum to the ilia of the pelvis.

The vagal and sacral neural crest cells develop into the ganglia of the enteric nervous system and the parasympathetic ganglia.

This means that the first vertebra must have been another addition, seemingly the last dorsal vertebra which had been repurposed and transformed into a sacral vertebra. This incorporated dorsal vertebra is known as a 'dorsosacral'. The presence of dorsosacrals is a trait with an irregular distribution among archosaurs, being known in a few ornithosuchids and aetosaurs as well as a variety of dinosaurs (most commonly in ornithischians and theropods) In almost all archosariforms, the sacral ribs of the first 'primordial' sacral vertebra contact the ilium near the base of that bone, close to its contact with the pubis. However, poposauroids have first 'primordial' sacral ribs with additional forward branches, which lie on the inner edge of the ilium's preacetabular blade.

In poposauroids more advanced than Qianosuchus, the sacral vertebrae fuse into a single bone, the sacrum. This fusion occurred incrementally, at different portions of the vertebra. For example, the zygapophyses fused together as early as the ctenosauriscids. The centra (main cylindrical portion) of the sacral vertebrae also may have fused as early as the ctenosauriscids.

Left: Illustration of herniated spinal disc, superior view. Right: MRI showing herniated L5-S1 disc (red arrow tip), sagittal view. Sciatica is generally caused by the compression of lumbar nerves L4 or L5 or sacral nerve S1. Less commonly, sacral nerves S2 or S3 or compression of the sciatic nerve itself may cause sciatica.

The sacral promontory marks part of the border of the pelvic inlet, and comprises the iliopectineal line and the linea terminalis. The sacral promontory articulates with the last lumbar vertebra to form the sacrovertebral angle, an angle of 30 degrees from the horizontal plane that provides a useful marker for a sling implant procedure.

Ta-Seti is affiliated with the A-Group Culture known to archaeology.Ehret (2002), pp. 144–145. Nubian Temple of Apedemak, Naqa Small sacral kingdoms continued to dot the Nubian portion of the Nile for centuries after 3,000 BC. Around the latter part of the third millennium, there was further consolidation of the sacral kingdoms.

The sacral sympathetic nerves arise from the sacral part of the sympathetic trunk, emerging anteriorly from the ganglia. They travel to their corresponding side's inferior hypogastric plexus, where the preganglionic nerve fibers synapse with the postganglionic sympathetic neurons, whose fibers ascend to the superior hypogastric plexus, the aortic plexus and the inferior mesenteric plexus, where they are distributed to the anal canal. From the inferior hypogastric plexus, they also innervate pelvic organs and vessels. The sacral sympathetic nerves contain a mix of preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic fibers, but mostly preganglionic.

The sacral vertebrae were thick and wide, but not fused to each other or their respective sacral ribs. The most complete sacral rib was fan shaped when seen from above and has a cross section which gradually curves upwards towards the front, also unlike Saturnalia which has a more L-shaped cross section. The caudal vertebrae increase in length and gradually reduce the size of their transverse processes from the base of the tail to the tip. Caudals at the base of the tail have pronounced midline keels along their entire lower edge.

It is regarded one of the most significant sacral monuments erected in Rome in the last quarter of the 17th century.

Limited evidence from a Cochrane review of randomised controlled trials suggests that sacral nerve stimulation may help to reduce fecal incontinence.

Lumbo‐sacral malformations and spina bifida occulta in a group of proto‐historic Modoc Indians. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 36(3), 435-439. Studies of skeletal remains also revealed an unusually large and deep fossae lateral in the 1st and 2nd sacral tuberosities, suggesting a very strong postural ligament attachment.de la Mata, R. C., & Bonavia, D. (1980).

Sacral nerve stimulation was originally used in urinary incontinence. It was first used to treat FI in 1995. The procedure involves implantation of an electrical device (an implanted pulse generator, IPG) which applies a low amplitude electric current to a sacral nerve (usually S3). This appears to modulate the nerves and muscles of the pelvic floor and rectum.

The apex is directed downward and presents an oval facet for articulation with the coccyx. The sacral canal as a continuation of the vertebral canal runs throughout the greater part of the sacrum. The sacral angle is the angle formed by the true conjugate with the two pieces of sacrum. Normally it is greater than 60 degrees.

Onuf's nucleus is a distinct group of neurons located in the ventral part (laminae IX) of the anterior horn of the sacral region of the human spinal cord involved in the maintenance of micturition and defecatory continence, as well as muscular contraction during orgasm. It contains motor neurons, and is the origin of the pudendal nerve. The sacral region of the spinal cord is fourth segment (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar being the first three) of vertebrae in the spinal cord which consists of the vertebrae 26-30. This small group of neural cells is located between S1 and S2 or S2 and S3 and although Onuf's nucleus is located primarily in S2, it can extend to the caudal end of the first sacral segment or to the middle part of the third sacral segment.

SACRAL syndrome is a congenital condition characterized by spinal dysraphism, anogenital, cutaneous, renal and urologic anomalies, associated with an angioma of lumbosacral localization.

The lateral sacral arteries arise from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery; there are usually two, a superior and an inferior.

Elasmosaurus had four sacral vertebrae (the fused vertebrae that form the sacrum connected to the pelvis), a number typical of elasmosaurids. The transverse processes here were very short, and the rib facets increased in size from the first to the fourth sacral vertebra. A ridge ran along the top of these vertebrae, and the lower sides of the centra were rounded, and bore pairs of nutritive foramina, separated by low ridges. The first tail (or caudal) vertebra could be distinguished by the preceding sacral vertebra by having smaller rib facets, and by being positioned in the lower half of the centrum.

The foramina give exit to the anterior divisions of the sacral nerves and entrance to the lateral sacral arteries. Each part at the sides of the foramina is traversed by four broad, shallow grooves, which lodge the anterior divisions of the sacral nerves. They are separated by prominent ridges of bone which give origin to the piriformis muscle. If a sagittal section be made through the center of the sacrum, the bodies are seen to be united at their circumferences by bone, wide intervals being left centrally, which, in the fresh state, are filled by the intervertebral discs.

Life restoration of Brachytrachelopan mesai This taxon's very short neck (approximately 40% shorter than other dicraeosaurids and the shortest of any known sauropod) is evidence that this lineage specialized to fill an ecological niche not exploited by other members of this infraorder. Small for a sauropod, Brachytrachelopan measured less than in length. Rauhut et al. (2005, 670) note that the high degree of fusion present between the preserved neural arches and their respective centra, as well as fusion between the sacral centra, sacral neural arches, and sacral neural spines is evidence that the holotype does not represent a juvenile animal.

Regulation was established by the formation of bureaucracies among sacral chiefdoms. The first and most powerful of the chiefdoms was Ta-Seti, founded around 3,500 BC. The idea of sacral chiefdom spread throughout Upper and Lower Egypt.Ehret (2002), pp. 143–146. The pyramids of Giza, symbols of the civilization of ancient Egypt Later consolidation of the chiefdoms into broader political entities began to occur in Upper and Lower Egypt, culminating into the unification of Egypt into one political entity by Narmer (Menes) in 3,100 BC. Instead of being viewed as a sacral chief, he became a divine king.

Paul, in 1988, stated that the ribs of Brachiosaurus were longer than in Giraffatitan, which was questioned by Taylor in 2009. Behind the dorsal vertebral column, the sacrum consisted of five co-ossified sacral vertebrae. As in Giraffatitan, the sacrum was proportionally broad and featured very short neural spines. Poor preservation of the sacral material in Giraffatitan precludes detailed comparisons between both genera.

Paravertebral ganglia are divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral ganglia. Each controls different glands and muscle groups since each muscle and gland receives input from postganglionic neurons that originated from different levels of paravertebral ganglia. The lumbar part of the sympathetic trunk contains four interconnected ganglia. Superiorly, it is continuous with thoracic sympathetic ganglion and inferiorly continuous with sacral sympathetic ganglion.

Stimulation of the sacral nerve causes contraction of external sphincter and pelvic floor muscle, which in turn causes the inhibition of bladder contractions which may be involuntarily releasing urine. Researchers currently believe that the sacral neuromodulation blocks the c-afferent fibers, which are a critical part of the afferent limb of a pathological reflex arc believed to be responsible for incontinence.

The blood supply consists of three spinal arterial vessels— the anterior median longitudinal arterial trunk and the right and left posterior spinal arteries. Other less prominent sources of blood supply include radicular arterial branches from the aorta, lateral sacral arteries, and the fifth lumbar, iliolumbar, and middle sacral arteries. The latter contribute more to the vascular supply of the cauda equina.

Scientific writing refers to this discovery as the "church of the columns". Grave inscriptions found in the church suggested it dated back to the 2nd half of the 8th century. Column capitals revealed in the sacral buildings are stylistically similar to those discovered in the Faras cathedral. Additionally, older foundations of a sacral building were discovered under the "church of the columns".

The sacral vertebrae were fused to each other, both in their vertebral bodies and neural spines. They were pneumatized. They were connected to the pelvis by transverse processes and sacral ribs. The tail was heavy and moderately long, in order to balance the massive head and torso and to provide space for massive locomotor muscles that attached to the thighbones.

Osborn (1917), p. 734; Lambert (1993), p. 78 Not all of the vertebrae were preserved, but Osborn (1917) estimated that Ornitholestes had nine or ten cervical (neck) vertebrae, thirteen dorsal (back) vertebrae, four sacral (hip) vertebrae, and 39 to 44 caudal (tail) vertebrae.Osborn (1917), p. 735–736 Carpenter et al. (2005a) recorded that the specimen contained five sacral vertebrae.Carpenter et al.

The sacral ribs were wider at their attachment areas with the ilium, but were not fused into a sacral yoke. The pubis featured a short prepubis. The pubis shaft was straight, running parallel to a straight ischium shaft that was transversely flattened at its lower end. The thighbone was straight in side view, in front view it was somewhat bowed to the outside.

Levator ani nerve is a nerve to levator ani muscles. It originates from sacral spinal nerve 4.Essential Clinical Anatomy. K.L. Moore & A.M. Agur.

Prompt surgical management using an anterior approach, resection of the sac, closure of the sacral deficit, and fecal diversion resulted in a satisfactory outcome.

The space between the windows is divided by the pilasters.BUTRIMAS, Adomas. Telšiai: the Sacral Ensemble on Insula Hill. Vilnius:Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla, 2008, p.

There are 13 thoracic (chest), 7 lumbar, 4 sacral, and 38 or 39 caudal (tail) vertebrae. The humerus (upper arm bone) lacks an entepicondylar foramen.

Pelvic splanchnic nerves or nervi erigentes are splanchnic nerves that arise from sacral spinal nerves S2, S3, S4 to provide parasympathetic innervation to the hindgut.

In one study, the 10-year tumor free survival rate for sacral chordoma was 46%. Chondroid chordomas appear to have a more indolent clinical course.

Sacral neuro modulation is the commonly practiced treatment for restoration of normal micturition. This technique involves modulation of micturition reflex by stimulating S3 nerve root.

Romualdas Leščevskis became the first secular parish priest in 1854.BUTRIMAS, Adomas. Telšiai: the Sacral Ensemble on Insula Hill. Vilnius:Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla, 2008, p.

This plexus is formed by the fifth sacral nerve (with a contribution from S4) and the coccygeal nerve. It gives rise to the anococcygeal nerve.

More to behind, the bony tiles of the skull roof, the caputegulae, are rather indistinctively patterned though a small central plate on the parietal bones is visible. The squamosal horns, at the rear skull corners, and jugal horns, at the cheeks, are small. The sacrum consists of three sacral vertebrae, with a caudo-sacral vertebra behind them. Stiffened rear tail vertebrae or a tail club are absent.

The lumbosacral joint is a joint of the body, between the last lumbar vertebra and the first sacral segment of the vertebral column. In some ways, calling it a "joint" (singular) is a misnomer, since the lumbosacral junction includes a disc between the lower lumbar vertebral body and the uppermost sacral vertebral body, as well as two lumbosacral facet joints (right and left zygapophysial joints).

However, Dicynodontia, including T. njalilus, is an exception, containing a clade of anomodont therapsids with far greater variation in morphology. These amonodonts can possess up to seven or even more sacral vertebrae, which is quite the deviation from its therapsid relatives. This is likely attributable to the trend of growing body size observed throughout dicynodont evolutionary history, which positively correlates with an increase in sacral vertebrae number.

The upper part of the sacrum connects with the last lumbar vertebra (L5), and its lower part with the coccyx (tailbone) via the sacral and coccygeal cornua. The sacrum has three different surfaces which are shaped to accommodate surrounding pelvic structures. Overall it is concave (curved upon itself). The base of the sacrum, the broadest and uppermost part, is tilted forward as the sacral promontory internally.

Plan of sacral and pudendal plexuses The sacral nerves are the five pairs of spinal nerves which exit the sacrum at the lower end of the vertebral column. The roots of these nerves begin inside the vertebral column at the level of the L1 vertebra, where the cauda equina begins, and then descend into the sacrum.1\. Anatomy, descriptive and surgical: Gray's anatomy. Gray, Henry.

This curve is described as a lordotic curve. The sacral curve begins at the sacrovertebral articulation, and ends at the point of the coccyx; its concavity is directed downward and forward as a kyphotic curve. The thoracic and sacral kyphotic curves are termed primary curves, because they are present in the fetus. The cervical and lumbar curves are compensatory, or secondary, and are developed after birth.

The keeled first sacral vertebra is greatly widened sideways. The second sacral vertebra has a keel that extends into a protrusion that fits into a hole in the oval back facet of the first vertebra; their contact is normally flat. The fourth vertebra has a longitudinal trough on the underside with only a low ledge at the front. The front facet is square, the back facet hexagonal.

The lower rear corner of the scapula (shoulder blade) was strongly ossified (built of strong bone), which suggests that movement of the scapula contributed to the stride length of the forelimbs and reduced the sideways flexing of the body. The five sacral vertebrae were massive but not fused to each other and to the pelvis, making the back more rigid and reducing sideways flexing while the animal was walking. Therapsids with fewer than five sacral vertebrae are thought to have had sprawling limbs, like those of modern lizards. In dinosaurs and mammals, which have erect limbs, the sacral vertebrae are fused to each other and to the pelvis.

The problem posed by the ratio is that the multiple specimens studied, died in the same place, but probably not in a sudden mass- death and so do not represent a single herd or contemporary population. The results may have been distorted by a greater chance for robust animals of getting fossilised or discovered. In an earlier study by Galton in 1982, it was suggested that individual difference in the sacral rib count of both Kentrosaurus and Dacentrurus might be an indication of dimorphism: females would have had an extra pair of sacral ribs, having also the first sacral vertebra connected to the ilium, in addition to the subsequent four sacrals.

The sacrum is currently heavily restored with plaster, but pre- restoration photographs show the sacrum in two oblique dorsal views and right lateral view. These photographs reveal that the last dorsal vertebra was taphonomically shifted posteriorly and to the right, crushing the right first sacral rib. Pre-restoration photographs and the number of broken sacral neural spines currently visible indicate that the sacrum was composed of at least six vertebrae. The first vertebra crushed into the sacrum could represent a seventh sacral vertebra; because the ribs of this dorsal vertebra are not observable firsthand or in photographs, but it cannot be verified whether or not these ribs contacted the ilium.

16-20 The building was surrounded by a fence which could not have had any defensive function but could have marked the royal or sacral area.

10, 22–23 The tyet can be compared with the Minoan sacral knot, a symbol of a knot with a projecting loop found in Knossos, Crete.

The pelvic portion of each sympathetic trunk is situated in front of the sacrum, medial to the anterior sacral foramina. It consists of four or five small sacral ganglia, connected together by interganglionic cords, and continuous above with the abdominal portion. Below, the two pelvic sympathetic trunks converge, and end on the front of the coccyx in a small ganglion, the ganglion impar, also known as azygos or ganglion of Walther.

In the case of bladder control, contractions are controlled by the parasympathetic efferent pathways of the sacral section of the spine which renders lumbar stimulation ineffective. On the other hand, bladder control is closely associated with parasympathetic pathways on both the sacral and lumbar sections of the spine thus making sacro-lumbar anterior root stimulators a more viable option as it can deal with both sets of issues.

Qaisracetus' vertebrae are not dense and thick like in Eocetus. In contrast to Qaisracetus, Rodhocetus has a sacrum where non of the vertebrae have fused centra, which is derived to be a protocetid, but Rodhocetus is primitive in retaining pleurapophyseal connections between all sacral vertebrae. The sacral morphology of Rodhocetus and Qaisracetus indicate protocetids represent a wide range of specializations, although which is ancestral to later whales is unclear.

The second and third sacral ribs were massive, fused to their respective vertebrae and flattened into fan-shaped structures. The first sacral ribs slightly bends backwards, the second extends straight out, and the third slightly bends forwards. The humerus was long, curved, and strongly twisted along its longitudinal axis. Despite the lightly-built structure of the bone, the knobs, ridges, and pits which made up its joints were well-developed.

The posterior divisions of the sacral nerves are small and diminish in size as they move downward; they emerge, except the last, through the posterior sacral foramina. In some rare cases these nerves break and cause the person's legs to become weak and eventually wither away under the person's weight. The upper three are covered at their points of exit by the multifidus and divide into medial and lateral branches.

Nuri Iskandar (, , born 1938 in Deir al-Zur, Syria), is an Assyrian Syrian musicologist and composer, he is known for his work in Syriac sacral and folk music.

The Caudal artery is the portion of the dorsal aorta of a vertebrate that passes into the tail. It is analogous to the median sacral artery in humans.

Ellis Davidson, Gods and Myths, pp. 101–02. The scholar Stefan Brink has argued that one can speak of a "mythical and sacral geography" in pre- Christian Scandinavia.

The temple was unique due to its location and layout which differed from other sacral buildings of the New Kingdom period. The works are continued to this day.

The fascia of the Piriformis is very thin and is attached to the front of the sacrum and the sides of the greater sciatic foramen; it is prolonged on the muscle into the gluteal region. At its sacral attachment around the margins of the anterior sacral foramina it comes into intimate association with and ensheathes the nerves emerging from these foramina. Hence the sacral nerves are frequently described as lying behind the fascia. The internal iliac artery, internal iliac vein, and their branches, on the other hand, lie in the subperitoneal tissue in front of the fascia, and the branches to the gluteal region emerge in special sheaths of this tissue, above and below the Piriformis muscle.

He was the president of the Institute for sacral music in Zagreb (1996-2012) and, since 2001, the editor-in-chief of the liturgical magazine "Sveta Cecilija" (Saint Cecilia).

Sacral fractures are relatively uncommon; however, they are often associated with neurological deficits. In the presence of neurological signs, most of the times they are treated with surgical fixation.

The sacral monument is church dedicated to name of Virgin Mary form year 1905 (Roman Catholic) - one boat with superiored tower. The church is an imitation of Romanesque style.

The transverse processes of the first sacral, which are nearly fused to the ribs, are separated from the neural spines by two pairs of grooves which form an acute angle. The second sacral's neural arch also bears a long depression on its top surface. The appearance of these characteristics are more similar to Turfanosuchus than Nundasuchus. Uniquely, the outer edges of the first pair of sacral ribs are longer than their inner edges.

The Đakovo Cathedral or Cathedral basilica of St. Peter () is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Đakovo-Osijek in Đakovo, Croatia. Đakovo Cathedral is the biggest sacral newly built building of Croatian historicism. The St. Peter Cathedral in Đakovo is the town's most famous landmark and the most important sacral object. The cathedral was built 1866-1882 under Josip Juraj Strossmayer, who was the bishop of the Catholic diocese of Đakovo and Srijem.

He also developed sacral anterior root stimulators for bladder control in paraplegic patients. Brindley GS, Polkey CE, Rushton DN. Sacral anterior root stimulators for bladder control in paraplegia. Paraplegia. 1982 Dec;20(6):365-81. Trained in Cambridge and London Hospital, he saw service in the RAF before taking up academic appointments first in Cambridge and then at the University of London, authoring more than 100 scientific papers in a variety of subjects.

A prominent spiral-like ridge is present on the bottom surface that becomes more notable to the posterior direction. Though most dorsals are completely preserved, eighth through tenth dorsals have damaged centra. On the posterior series the centra become platycoelous, approaching the sacral vertebrae structure. The sacrum is composed by six (originally five) sacral vertebrae and they are fused into a single structure, indicating that the individual was an adult at the time of death.

Caudal autotomy septa are absent. For A. skrbinensis, there were 10 cervical vertebrae, 30 dorsal vertebrae, and 2 sacral vertebrae. The body of the dorsal vertebrae presents a procoelous pattern.

The sacral ribs are all articulated with the ilium but do not fuse to their vertebrae. The first caudal rib is far away from the ilium, but trends towards it.

The parish had 2 schools, kindergarten, and several manors. The oldest sacral building in Estonia is Valjala church. The construction began in 1227. Parish included ruins of ancient Valjala Stronghold.

In most studies, usually 5-10% of subjects need post-operative correction to lead migration, but since leads can be anchored near the sacral nerve, subsequent operations are generally unnecessary.

Bürger, P. (1984). Theory of the Avant- Garde, trans. M. Shaw, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 48-49. This gave him three main kinds of art, sacral, courtly and bourgeois.

The superior gluteal nerve arises from the sacral plexus and only has muscular innervation associated with it. There is no cutaneous innervation for sensation that stems from the superior gluteal nerve.

An asymmetrical sacral rib has also been documented in this species. Like the D. wetherilli specimen mentioned above, this asymmetry was likely a congenital deformity caused by stress experience during development.

The ilium has a length of 905 millimetres. The sacrum consists of five sacral vertebrae. Zhao placed Monkonosaurus in the Oligosacralosauroidea. Later researchers considered it an indeterminate member of the Stegosauridae.

Instead, Moore and colleagues noted a bridge of bone connecting the and (processes on the side of the vertebra), which was either fused to the lost sacral rib (as in other sauropods) or was not associated with a rib at all. Zhao's diagnosis noted that the dorsals were opisthocoelous; the dorsals had shallow (neurovascular openings) and simple lamination (ridging); the dorsal neural spines were low, with the first few being bifid and the last few having expanded tips; the sacral centra were fused such that their boundaries were not visible; and the first four sacral neural spines were fused. Moore and colleagues identified two unique features in the dorsals. First, the sides of some of the dorsals bore sets of three posterior centroparapophyseal laminae (PCPLs).

Below are a list of commonly reported symptoms associated with sacral Tarlov cysts: Back pain, perineal pain, secondary Sciatica, secondary piriformis muscle dysfunction with tertiary sciatica, Cauda equina syndrome, neurogenic claudication (pain caused by walking), neurogenic bladder, dysuria, urinary incontinence, coccygodynia, sacral radiculopathy, radicular pain, headaches, retrograde ejaculation, paresthesia, hypesthesia, secondary pelvic floor dysfunction, vaginismus, motor disorders in lower limbs and the genital, perineal, or lumbosacral areas, sacral or buttocks pain, vaginal or penile paraesthesia, Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder (PGAD) characterized by unwanted, unrelenting genital sensory awareness, itch or pain that can persist for days, months, even years)>, sensory changes over buttocks, perineal area, and lower extremity; difficulty walking; severe lower abdominal pain, bowel dysfunction, intestinal motility disorders like constipation or bowel incontinence.

A stiffening of the vertebral column, in the region of contacting limbs, was apparently essential for swimming. He also describes that in Metoposaurus diagnosticus krasiejowensis, the parapophyses become shorter posteriorly, similarly to plagiosaurids. The intercentra of dorsal and sacral vertebrae are fully ossified and form quite short disks, not connected with the neural arches. In the dorsal and sacral region, they have anterior and posterior surfaces that are concave, or the posterior surface is almost flat.

The most common sites for spina bifida malformations are the lumbar and sacral areas. Another congenital disorder is that of caudal regression syndrome also known as sacral agenesis. This is characterised by an abnormal underdevelopment in the embryo (occurring by the seventh week) of the lower spine. Sometimes part of the coccyx is absent, or the lower vertebrae can be absent, or on occasion a small part of the spine is missing with no outward sign.

The nerve to quadratus femoris is a sacral plexus nerve. It arises from the ventral divisions of the fourth and fifth lumbar and first sacral nerves: it leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, below the piriformis muscle, and runs down in front of the sciatic nerve, the superior and inferior gemellus muscles, and the tendon of the obturator internus, and enters the anterior surfaces of the muscles; it gives an articular branch to the hip- joint.

The sacral building dated to the early nineties of the 19th century, situated in the part Ťahyňa, is registered by The Monuments Board of the Slovak Republic as a National Cultural Monument.

BUTRIMAS, Adomas. Telšiai: the Sacral Ensemble on Insula Hill. Vilnius:Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla, 2008, p. 115 Franciscan monastery was dissolved in 1853 by the Russian tsar and the church became parish church.

The medial clunial nerves innervate the skin of the buttocks closest to the midline of the body. Those nerves arise from the posterior rami of sacral spinal nerves (S1, S2, and S3).

There is a blackish to greyish green Y-shaped mark that runs from each upper eyelid to near the sacral region. The male advertisement call is composed of a single, multi-pulsed note.

In the human body, the lateral sacrococcygeal ligaments is a pair of ligaments stretching from the lower lateral angles of the sacrum to the transverse processes of the first coccygeal vertebra. Together with the anterior, posterior, and intercornual sacrococcygeal ligaments, they stabilize the sacrococcygeal symphysis, i.e. the joint between the sacrum and the coccyx.Morris (2005), p 59 They complete the foramina for the last sacral nerve There are up to three lateral sacrococcygeal ligaments on either side of the sacral hiatus.

The nerve to obturator internus originates in the sacral plexus. It arises from the ventral divisions of the fifth lumbar and first and second sacral nerves. It leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscle, and gives off the branch to the gemellus superior, which enters the upper part of the posterior surface of the muscle. It then crosses the ischial spine, reenters the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen, and pierces the pelvic surface of the obturator internus.

The effects of injuries at or above the lumbar or sacral regions of the spinal cord (lower back and pelvis) include decreased control of the legs and hips, genitourinary system, and anus. People injured below level L2 may still have use of their hip flexor and knee extensor muscles. Bowel and bladder function are regulated by the sacral region. It is common to experience sexual dysfunction after injury, as well as dysfunction of the bowel and bladder, including fecal and urinary incontinence.

Evidence suggests that neurostimulation therapy may be an efficacious and safe form of treatment of pediatric primary enuresis, also known as bedwetting. Neurostimulation of the sacral nerve is an option for children in which all other therapies have failed. Neurostimulation treatment of adult enuresis may be considered prior to pursuing surgical methods. For adult enuresis, sacral nerve stimulation can be administered to decrease bladder muscle activity so that the bladder muscles are not constantly in a contracted state to help improve enuresis symptoms.

The dorsal vertebrae range from the bottom of the neck to the top of the pelvis. Dorsal vertebrae attached to the ribs are called thoracic vertebrae, while those without ribs are called lumbar vertebrae. The sacral vertebrae are those in the pelvic region, and range from one in amphibians, to two in most birds and modern reptiles, or up to three to five in mammals. When multiple sacral vertebrae are fused into a single structure, it is called the sacrum.

Some E. rugosidens specimens are known that possess a "cheek plate" above the lower jaw. Contrary to that discovered with Panoplosaurus, it is "free-floating", not fused with the lower jaw bone. The vertebral column contains about eight neck vertebrae, about twelve "free" back vertebrae, a "sacral rod" of four fused rear dorsal vertebrae, three sacral vertebrae, two caudosacrals and at least twenty, but probably about forty, tail vertebrae. In the neck the first two vertebrae, the atlas and axis, are fused.

Hulke understood that Polacanthus had a large "pelvic shield" or "sacral shield", a single fused sheet of dermal bone over its hips (sacral area) which perhaps was not attached to the underlying bone and decorated with tubercles. This feature is shared with other "polacanthine" (basal nodosaurids) dinosaurs such as Gastonia and Mymoorapelta. With the holotype, this shield is 108 centimetres wide and 90 centimetres long. It features four horizontal rows of larger keeled osteoderms per side, surrounded by smaller ossicles.

From earliest historical times, with the Egyptian and Mesopotamian monarchs as well as in reconstructed Proto-Indo-European religion, the king held sacral functions directly connected to sacrifice or was considered by their people to have divine ancestry. In Germanic antiquity, kingship was primarily a sacral function. The king was directly hereditary for some tribes, while for others he was elected from among eligible members of royal families by the thing. The role of the Roman emperor as the protector of Christianity led eventually to monarchs ruling 'by the Grace of God' in the Christian Middle Ages, only later in the Early modern period there being a conflation of (increased) power with these sacral aspects held by the Germanic kings bringing forth the notion of the "divine right of kings".

All three plantar interosseous muscles are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve. The lateral plantar nerve is a branch from the tibial nerve, which originally branches off the sciatic nerve from the sacral plexus.

Bumpy ekfysis the right subclavian artery and both carotids (1955). • Human Anatomy in four volumes (Volume 1st, 1957). • On the so-called "pre-sacral nerve." Contribution to the study of the pelvic plexus (1958).

1st part. Pest: Kiadja Hecknast Gusztáv. 1861. pp. 40-77. Other Hungarian tales fall under the banner of "The Golden-Haired Twins" (Hungarian: Az aranyhajú ikrek):Bódis, Zoltán. Storytelling: Performance, Presentations and Sacral Communication.

The impact of pregnancy on the mesh is also unknown one concern would be the risk of a gravid uterus causing the mesh to avulse from the sacral promontory with subsequent recurrence of prolapse.

They also contain general visceral afferent fibers. They are found in the same region as the pelvic splanchnic nerves, which arise from the sacral spinal nerves to provide parasympathetic fibers to the inferior hypogastric plexus.

Jessica Rogers is an American Wheelchair basketballer, wheelchair racer and swimmer. She is also the founder of the International Sacral Agenesis/Caudal Regression Syndrome Association, or iSACRA, an organization for information sharing, support, and networking.

Hans Schmitz-Wiedenbrück was the alias of Hans Schmitz (3 January 1907 - 7 December 1944) was a German painter of sacral, peasant and Nazi propaganda arts. He belonged to the Wiedenbrücker Schule school of arts.

The cervical vertebra is keeled and flattened on the side. The amphicoelous vertebrae show no special details. The sacrum has six sacral vertebrae and is fairly robust. It is exceptional that the sphere curves downwards.

Procaine blockade is a medical treatment, where procaine solution affects the peripheral nervous system. Procaine blockade was developed by Aleksandr Vasilyevich Vishnevsky in 1929. There are lumbar, jugular, sacral, extremity and short neural blockades used.

Dubber grew up on the North Shore of Auckland, and attended Carmel College. She later attended the Auckland University of Technology, graduating in 2018. Dubber was born with sacral agenesis. She started as a triathlete.

The single-headed dorsal ribs are rounded but slightly flattened in cross-section, and some have a prong-like projection at the top end; their articular surfaces are slightly concave. Underneath, there are at least ten pairs of gastralia, each of which tapers to the sides and has a central groove on the bottom surface. The three sacral vertebrae are similar, but have much smaller, blunter, more oval-shaped ribs. The comparatively smaller first sacral rib is directed further outwards and backwards than the other two ribs.

The lumbar anterior root stimulator is similar in nature to Brindley's sacral anterior root stimulator. The difference in nomenclature is derived from which nerve roots on the spinal cord are being electrically stimulated. However the two types may be used in conjunction and may be referred to as sacro-lumbar root stimulators or lumbo- sacral root stimulators which seem to be the most researched in literature. The stimulators are implanted from the anterior side due to easier access of the spine below the cervical vertebrae.

Bulanov & Sennikov (2010) described several noteworthy areas of Rautiania's skeleton, namely the sacrum (hip vertebrae), humerus (upper arm bone), and manus (hand). The sacrum was formed by three vertebrae, while other weigeltisaurids have (perhaps erroneously) been reported as having two, as in other reptiles. Based on its morphology, the first sacral vertebrae was probably not part of the sacrum ancestrally. The sacrum connects to each ilium (upper plate of the hip) by means of three sacral ribs, one on each side of each vertebra.

This trait has also been observed in Tyrannosaurus and an unnamed megaraptoran sacrum (SNMS 58023) from the Romualdo Member of the Santana Formation in Brazil, so its status as an autapomorphy of Tratayenia is not concrete. Some of the sacral vertebrae have neural spines which are fused together, and the last three curve backwards. The fourth sacral has a shape similar to those of the Santana Formation sacrum. The ilium (upper blade of the hip) was heavily pneumatized, meaning that it was filled with air pockets.

A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body. In the human body there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, one on each side of the vertebral column. These are grouped into the corresponding cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal regions of the spine. There are eight pairs of cervical nerves, twelve pairs of thoracic nerves, five pairs of lumbar nerves, five pairs of sacral nerves, and one pair of coccygeal nerves.

Sacrohysteropexy can be performed as an open operation or laparoscopically (via keyhole incisions). The advantages of laparoscopic approach include superior visualisation of the anatomy with laparoscopic magnification, decreased hospital stay, reduced postoperative pain, more rapid recovery and smaller incisions. The aim of laparoscopic hysteropexy is to restore and reinforce normal uterine support by suspending the uterus from the sacral promontory using polypropylene mesh. The mesh is strongly attached at two points: namely the uterus/cervix and the anterior longitudinal ligament over the sacral promontory.

Juha Ilmari Leiviskä (born 17 March 1936 in Helsinki) is a prominent Finnish architect and designer. He is especially known for his churches and other sacral buildings. Myyrmäki Church, Vantaa, 1984. Myyrmäki Church, plan compositional analysis.

Ludi were games held as part of religious festivals, and some were originally sacral in nature. These included chariot racing and the venatio, or staged animal-human blood sport that may have had a sacrificial element.

The toes are very thin, long, and weakly fringed. Skin is smooth. Preserved specimens are dorsally light brown with scattered brown dots. A middorsal fold is well marked on the sacral region with light brown color.

Valerius Maximus, 3.7.5Dio Cassius, 23.82 He is mentioned by Macrobius as the author of a work mentioning two sacral formulae to use against besieged cities, while Cicero, in de Republica, praises the style of Furius' speeches.

Paidan also expressed ethical concerns about the use of private specimens in the study. Kentrosaurus, Dacentrurus and Stegosaurus are also suggested to have exhibited dimorphism in the form of three extra sacral ribs in the females.

He fought in a war with the Ottoman empire (Esztergom, Visegrád, Fülek, Nógrád). He also became one of the leading representatives of Lutheran nobility, supporting sacral literature. He died in Trencsén, but was buried in Turócszentmárton.

There is a gothic Saint Stanislaus church in the district, dating from the 12th century, the oldest sacral building in the city. The second temple in Stare Bielsko is the Lutheran John the Baptist church from 1818.

Hyloxalus nexipus males measure and females in snout–vent length. Dorsum is greenish black. Adult males have blacker throats than females. Juveniles have tiny white spots on the dorsum in the sacral region and on the legs.

Kenneth "Kenny" Easterday (December 7, 1973 – February 12, 2016) was an American man born with the rare disability, sacral agenesis. To improve his mobility, his legs were amputated at the hip when he was six months old.

The describers were able to identify five distinctive features. They are autapomorphies, unique derived properties. The sacrum is curved downwards. The first and second sacral vertebra are connected to each other via a pin-and-hole connection.

The holotype (MFSN 27532) consists of a partial post-cranial skeleton, with the known elements including vertebrae (sacral, cervical and dorsal; sans caudal), a single tooth, several ribs, gastralia and parts of the pelvis (ilium and pubis).

He was born on 4 August 1951 in Gornja Voća, where he attended elementary school. He graduated in 1976 at the University of Zagreb. The same year he is ordained as a priest. After two years of pastoral service in Samobor, he studied sacral music in Rome, receiving a master's degree in Gregorian chant and bachelor's degrees in sacral composition (Compozicione sacra) and organs (Organo liturgico). Martinjak is a member of the Committee for Liturgy of the Croatian Bishops' Conference (since 1992) and Conferénce Européenne des Associations de Musique d’Église (since 1995).

Study of the concept was introduced by Sir James George Frazer in his influential book The Golden Bough (1890–1915); sacral kingship plays a role in Romanticism and Esotericism (e.g. Julius Evola) and some currents of Neopaganism (Theodism). The school of Pan- Babylonianism derived much of the religion described in the Hebrew Bible from cults of sacral kingship in ancient Babylonia. The so-called British and Scandinavian cult-historical schools maintained that the king personified a god and stood at the center of the national or tribal religion.

The ischium is very similar to that of Teleocrater, and is directed down and back from the hips, with a tapered shaft and slightly expanded distal end. The pelvic girdle articulates with the spine via the sacral ribs, of which the first is larger and more robust. The nature of the articulation between the ilium and the sacral ribs suggests the hip was held sub-horizontally and faced ventrolaterally, causing the legs to be positioned down and outwards from the body. The limb bones of Yarasuchus are characteristically slender.

A sculpture of Turfanosuchus dabanensis, on display at the Paleozoological Museum of China.The vertebrae of Turfanosuchus were similar to those of Euparkeria and pseudosuchians, with concavities on their sides and neural spines with expanded tops. There were two sacral (hip) vertebrae, which connected to the ilium (upper plate of the hip) with large, fan-shaped sacral ribs. No intercentra were preserved, and the vertebrae lacked bevelled edges, but since the vertebrae were disarticulated and some euparkeriids retain intercentra while lacking bevelled edges, their absence in Turfanosuchus cannot be proven.

Xinjiangtitan is known solely from the holotype SSV12001, a partial but, apart from some erosion, well preserved in situ postcranial skeleton including the first two caudal vertebrae, all cervical vertebrae, and all dorsal (12) and sacral vertebrae (5), as well as several cervical, dorsal and sacral ribs, a partial left leg (including the femur, tibia, fibula and a metatarsal), left and right pubic bones and right ischium. While in the describing paper it was said to be from the Qigu Formation, this is incorrect, and it is actually in layers belonging to the Qiketai Formation.

Patients interested in getting a sacral nerve stimulator implanted in them because less severe methods have failed all must go through a trial for their own safety, known as the PNE (percutaneous nerve evaluation). PNE involves inserting a temporary electrode to the left or right of the S3 posterior foramen. This electrode is connected to an external pulse generator, which generates a signal for 3–5 days. If this neuromodulation has positive results for the patient, the option of implanting a permanent electrode for permanent sacral neuromodulation is possible.

Tratayenia has five sacral (hip) vertebrae, as is the norm for theropods. They are very similar to the dorsal vertebrae in various aspects, such as the presence of large pleurocoels, tall and narrow centra, and laminae-bound excavations below the transverse processes. However, they only have a single autapomorphy: the anteroposterior (front-to-back) width of the neural spine increases drastically in the second to fifth sacral vertebrae compared to the first vertebra. In fact, the fifth sacral's neural spine is twice as long anteroposteriorly than that of the first.

The needle electrode is then connected to an external pulse generator which delivers an adjustable electrical pulse that travels to the sacral plexus via the tibial nerve. Among other functions, the sacral nerve plexus regulates bladder and pelvic floor function. With correct placement of the needle electrode and level of electrical impulse, there is often an involuntary toe flex or fan, or an extension of the entire foot. However, for some patients, the correct placement and stimulation may only result in a mild sensation in the ankle area or across the sole of the foot.

Parts of six dorsal vertebrae are preserved: one partial anterior dorsal vertebral neural arch, one partial dorsal vertebral centrum, three posterior dorsal vertebrae that are nearly complete but currently heavily reconstructed with plaster, and one that has been plastered into the sacrum. None of the dorsal vertebrae have observable neurocentral sutures. Sacrum A nearly complete sacrum consisting of six vertebrae was recovered from the quarry, originally only lacking some ribs. The original description of Huabeisaurus suggested that only five sacral vertebrae were present based on the number of sacral ribs and intercostal foramina.

Doleserpeton possessed a rhachitomous vertebrae, in which the pleurocentrum dominates in size in each vertebra compared to the intercentrum. This "rhachitomous" vertebrae is unique to amphibians and its relatives, which is one of the defining traits of Doleserpeton and its relatives. Doleserpeton contained 10 vertebrae in its cervical column, 24 presacral vertebrae, 2 sacral vertebrae, and an estimate of 15 caudal vertebrae that was concluded from fossil evidence. Rib attachment started at the second presacral vertebrae and continue throughout the length of its body until the sacral vertebrae.

Daliansaurus has at least nine cervical vertebrae, probably thirteen dorsal vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae, and at least twenty-eight caudal vertebrae in the tail. Out of the sacral vertebrae, the fifth has the widest transverse processes in Daliansaurus, while the third is the widest in Sinovenator. The front margin of the process is also less strongly concave in Daliansaurus. The ribs of two of the dorsal vertebrae unusually appear to bear uncinate processes, in the form of curved and rod- like projections similar to those of Velociraptor, Linheraptor, and Heyuannia.

A church - is a place of an encounter between a human being and God. This special meeting is facilitated not only through prayer or liturgical gatherings, but also through sacral music, choir and concerts. All this brings a person closer to the everlasting ideas, helps one to feel the proximity of God and values, which are not corrupted by time. That is why evenings of prayer and reflection, concerts of sacral music and singing, which glorify God and magnify his creation have become a steady tradition of the Garrison Church of Sts.

The animal had a relatively narrow snout, perhaps to aid in rooting about for low growing plants to eat and indicating a selective diet of highly nutritious food. Although the coracoid was slender and not fused to the scapula, the forelegs were particularly heavy, and had attachments for large muscles, which may suggest that the animal would have been surprisingly maneuverable in life, possibly being able to make defensive charges like a modern rhinoceros. The hand perhaps had only three fingers. The pelvis was attached to four sacral vertebrae with short sacral ribs.

A Church of St. John the Baptist exists in the village. It is a Baroque sacral building. The church has been protected as a cultural monument.Central list of cultural monuments of the Czech Republic: National Monuments Institute, Prague.

The posterior division of the coccygeal nerve does not divide into a medial and a lateral branch, but receives a communicating branch from the last sacral; it is distributed to the skin over the back of the coccyx.

The accepted surgical treatment is an anterior or posterior or a staged anterior-posterior resection of the presacral mass and obliteration of the anterior meningocele. The anterior sacral meningocele regresses over time following transdural ligation of its neck.

The parotoid glands are flattened and not very distinct. The toes are extensively webbed. Skin is granular. Alcohol-preserved specimens are light brown with darker inter- ocular, scapular, and sacral markings and golden brown warts and parotoid glands.

Iris is golden with small black flecks. Tympanum is cream- coloured. Ventral surfaces are uniformly gray. Skin of dorsum, limbs, flanks and venter smooth, but some specimens have scattered tubercles posterior to the sacral region and on flanks.

The college has updated the chiropractors' professional conduct handbook such that the Webster Technique may only be advertised as "a specific chiropractic sacral analysis and diversified adjustment for all weight-bearing individuals", with nothing specific to pregnancy mentioned.

The primary curves (thoracic and sacral curvatures) form during fetal development. The secondary curves develop after birth. The cervical curvature forms as a result of lifting the head and the lumbar curvature forms as a result of walking.

Roman Bezpalkiv () - (April 15, 1938, village Hlushyn, Lviv region (Lviv Oblast) - November 19, 2009, Lviv) - was a Ukrainian painter. Genre - painting, sacral art. Member of the National Union of Artists of Ukraine (1988). Honored Artist of Ukraine (1998).

Romer, A. S., & Price, L. W. (1940). Review of the Pelycosauria. Geological Society of America Special Papers, 28, 1-534. Both this length relationship and a wide sacral rib in Petrolacosaurus are indicative of a sprawled, quadrupedal posture.

Gastonia is a genus of herbivorous ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of North America, around 135 million years ago. It is often considered a nodosaurid closely related to Polacanthus. Gastonia has a sacral shield and large shoulder spikes.

It is absent in approximately one third of people; its place may be taken by a branch from the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh or by a branch from the third and fourth, or fourth and fifth, sacral nerves.

Kevin McKee (born February 11, 1990) is an American ice sled hockey player. McKee was born in Davenport, Iowa. He was born with sacral agenesis. He won a gold medal with the American team at the 2014 Winter Paralympics.

"First Discovery of Dinosaurs in the American West." Pp. 59-65 in Gillette, D.D. (ed.), Vertebrate Paleontology In Utah. Utah Geological Survey. , Cope and his team eventually recovered complete hip bones, sacral vertebrae, and several ribs from the animal.

The ilium is supported by three sacral vertebrae, unlike that of the coeval Herrerasaurus which is supported by only two sacrals, a basal trait.Langer, Max C. (2004). "Basal Saurischia". In Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.).

Returning once again to Rome, Priscus was co-opted into the College of Pontiffs, the most important of the four major colleges of ancient Roman priests; their duties included overseeing the state cult and providing advice on sacral law.

101; V. Basanoff Les dieux des Romains p. 151-152; Paulus-Festus s.v. curiales menses p. 56 L It can be assumed thence that Juno Moneta intervenes under warlike circumstances as associated to the sacral power of the king.

The material of Genesis 32-35, including the account of Jacob being renamed Israel at Penuel may be a later addition that introduces a new power structure centered around the establishment of sacral places in the North (Penuel, Shechem and Bethel).

Coccygeal plexus originate from S4, S5, Co1 spinal nerves. It is interconnected with the lower part of Sacral plexus. The only nerve of the plexus is the coccygeal nerve, that serves sensory innervation of the skin in the coccygeal region.

The law is the source of ethics. The law cannot be changed. However, the same law can be differently interpreted, which leads to ethical relativism. Similarly to the Brahmin or Hindu civilization, it is sacral, with religion playing a central role.

Nowadays it has only its remains. Very important graves and traces are found in its yard. Red Mosque is a sacral building constructed in the 17th century in Kapeshnica of Peć. It consists of a praying space, portico and minaret.

All the original church equipment was transferred to the cathedral. In 2000, the church was given back to the Orthodox diocese, but it is still closed, with only one icon kept inside to stress the sacral character of the place.

BUTRIMAS, Adomas. Telšiai: the Sacral Ensemble on Insula Hill. Vilnius:Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla, 2008, p. 169 In order to commemorate the 600th anniversary of baptism of Samogitia, artist Romualdas Inčirauskas decorated the doors of the Cathedral with the Samogitian baptism story.

The second-to-last vertebra has a form unlike the vertebrae of these archosauriforms, and Nesbitt concluded that it was an 'insertion', formed from the innermost sections of the two primordial vertebrae. Although this process is not unique to poposauroids, it is only known in a few other archosaur lineages, such as Batrachotomus, silesaurids, and dinosaurs. Basal poposauroids such as Arizonasaurus and Qianosuchus only had three sacral vertebra, with the second vertebra being the 'insertion'. However, more advanced poposauroids such as Poposaurus and shuvosaurids have four sacral vertebrae, with the third vertebra being recognizable as the 'insertion'.

The sacral ribs were stout and short, since they formed part of the pelvis, connecting the backbone to the hip bones. In most subsequent forms, many of these early ribs have been lost, and in living amphibians and reptiles, there is great variation in rib structure and number. For example, turtles have only eight pairs of ribs, which are developed into a bony or cartilaginous carapace and plastron, while snakes have numerous ribs running along the full length of their trunk. Frogs typically have no ribs, aside from a sacral pair, which form part of the pelvis.

In the distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, and through the sigmoid and rectum, and the cervix in females, the pelvic splanchnic nerves supply parasympathetic function, including transmitting the sensation of pain. The proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon, and the rest of the proximal gastrointestinal tract is supplied its parasympathetic fibers by the vagus nerve. The parasympathetic nervous system is referred to as the craniosacral outflow; the pelvic splanchnic nerves are the sacral component. They are in the same region as the sacral splanchnic nerves, which arise from the sympathetic trunk and provide sympathetic efferent fibers.

The linea terminalis or innominate line consists of the pubic crest, pectineal line (pecten pubis), the arcuate line, the sacral ala, and the sacral promontory. It is the pelvic brim, which is the edge of the pelvic inlet. The pelvic inlet is typically used to divide the abdominopelvic cavity into an abdominal (above the inlet) and a pelvic cavity (below the inlet). Sometimes, the pelvis cavity is considered to extend above the pelvic inlet, and in this case the pelvic inlet is used to divide the pelvic cavity into a false (above the inlet) and a true pelvis (below the inlet).

The upper half presents in front an ear-shaped surface, the auricular surface, covered with cartilage in the immature state, for articulation with the ilium. Behind it is a rough surface, the sacral tuberosity, on which are three deep and uneven impressions, for the attachment of the posterior sacroiliac ligament. The lower half is thin, and ends in a projection called the inferior lateral angle. Medial to this angle is a notch, which is converted into a foramen by the transverse process of the first piece of the coccyx, and this transmits the anterior division of the fifth sacral nerve.

Two "morphs" of Coelophysis have been identified: a more gracile form, as in specimen AMNH 7223, and a slightly more robust form, as in specimens AMNH 7224 and NMMNH P-42200. Skeletal proportions were different between these two forms; the gracile form has a longer skull, a longer neck, shorter forelimbs, and has sacral neural spines that are fused; and the robust form has a shorter skull, a shorter neck, longer forelimbs, and unfused sacral neural spines. Historically, many arguments have been made that this represents some sort of dimorphism in the population of Coelophysis, probably sexual dimorphism.Gay, R. (2005).

The complex social structure was dominated by a religion which probably served as a binding force for the community and a means of coordination of activity for its members. Numerous sacral objects that were discovered in this layer support this theory. The most remarkable examples are piscine sculptures, unique to the Lepenski Vir culture, which represent one of the first examples of monumental sacral art on European soil. Lepenski Vir gives us a rare opportunity to observe the gradual transition from the hunter gatherer way of life of early humans to the agricultural economy of the Neolithic.

Fidel Pagés visiting injured soldiers at the Docker Hospital in Melilla in 1909. The first record of an epidural injection is from 1885, when American neurologist James Corning of Acorn Hall in Morristown, NJ used the technique to perform a neuraxial blockade. Corning inadvertently injected 111 mg of cocaine into the epidural space of a healthy male volunteer, although at the time he believed he was injecting it into the subarachnoid space. Following this, in 1901 Fernand Cathelin first reported intentionally blocking the lowest sacral and coccygeal nerves through the epidural space by injecting local anesthetic through the sacral hiatus.

Vertebral adaptations of extant organisms exceed those seen in Lagerpeton; the sacral vertebrae of modern saltators are fused and the neural spines reduced. Furthermore, the size of the pelvic girdle and lateral digital reduction may be equally used as evidence for cursorial locomotion.

The braincase is extremely robust, suggesting that lysorophians may have engaged in headfirst burrowing. The torso is very elongate, the limbs diminutive or absent, and the tail short. There are up to 99 pre-sacral (i.e. not including the hips and tail) vertebrae.

Captain Joseph' - Chinese reverse glass painting from c. 1785-9. This art form has been around for many years. It was widely used for sacral paintings since the Middle Ages. The most famous was the art of icons in the Byzantine Empire.

The dorsal vertebrae were characterized by eye shaped pleurocoels and low bifurcated neural spines. The sacrum consisted of six fused sacral vertebrae, a feature unique to somphospondylans. The caudal vertebrae were amphicoelous (concave anteriorly and posteriorly). The pubis was shorter than the ischium.

This sect celebrates its own holiday on 21 March, which is open to everyone. The tekke stands out as very important for the architectural values as it presents rare samples of sacral architecture, useful for the analyse of this type of monuments.

Along the length of the sympathetic trunks are ganglia known as ganglia of sympathetic trunk, sympathetic ganglia or paravertebral ganglia. The ganglia are distinguished as cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral and, except in the neck, they closely correspond in number to the vertebrae.

166 (Konsulat und Senatorenstand, p. 237) The inscription from Tarquinia also attests that he was a member of the sodales Hadrianales and sodali Antoniniani (the latter most likely after the emperor's death), as well as holding the prestigious sacral office of augur.

The old name of the big island of Tysnesøy was Njarðarlǫg (the district of the god Njord). Recently, a sun phenomenon connected to the original Tysnes headland has been discovered, and this seems to be the starting-point of the sacral name complex.

Robertia had either two or three sacral vertebrae. The vertebral column was flexible, the pre- zygapophyses being flat and wide and articulating horizontally with the post- zygapophyses. The tail is only slightly muscular and is about one-eighth the length of the body.

The right common iliac vein is virtually vertical and lies behind and then lateral to its artery. Each common iliac vein receives iliolumbar veins, while the left also receives the median sacral vein which lies on the right of the corresponding artery.

The smaller part of the fourth joins with the fifth to form the lumbosacral trunk, which assists in the formation of the sacral plexus. The fourth nerve is named the furcal nerve, from the fact that it is subdivided between the two plexuses.

Hanna Peros' main attention was concentrated on oriental music, he composed and performed pieces in Iraqi Maqams and Syriac sacral music. He also left many literary works on that field most notably the Principals of Music Theory and The Book of National Anthems.

587 Pp. Smithsonian Institution Press, , Birds and reptiles have bony uncinate processes on their ribs that project caudally from the vertical section of each rib. These serve to attach sacral muscles and also aid in allowing greater inspiration. Crocodiles have cartilaginous uncinate processes.

The level of fusion of the dorsosacral confirms the evolutionary history of the sauropod sacral count: the primordial pair incorporating first a dorsal (total of three), then a caudal (total of four), then another dorsal to make a total of five vertebrae.

Young bettongs have two molars which are replaced by one adult premolar; this event is a good indication of maturity. The postcranial skeleton of all potoroids has seven cervical, 13 thoracic, six lumbar, two sacral, and 22 caudal vertebrae, with 13 pairs of ribs.

Lagerpeton is a genus of basal dinosauromorph. First described by A. S. Romer in 1971, it includes only the species L. chanarensis. This species is incompletely known, with fossil specimens accounting for the pelvic girdle, hindlimbs and posterior presacral, sacral and anterior caudal vertebrae.

The neural spines of the sacral vertebrae are not fused into a supraneural plate. The tail base is slightly oriented downwards. The caudal vertebrae of the tail base also show hyposphene-hypantrum complexes. In the pelvis, the ilium has a slightly convex upper profile.

The vertebral column consisted of eleven cervical, twelve dorsal, five sacral and at least forty-nine caudal vertebrae. The point of the tail is missing. In the tail, the spines and chevrons strongly inclined to the back. The gastralia had very short lateral segments.

Two women or goddesses on a chariot. Fresco from Tiryns, 1200 BC. National Archaeological Museum of Athens. There is evidence of a cult in Eleusis from the Mycenean period;G. Mylonas (1932). Eleusiniaka. I,1 ff however, there are not sacral finds from this period.

The axial column consisted of eleven neck vertebrae, seventeen dorsal vertebrae, six sacral vertebrae and forty tail vertebrae. The tail was relatively short. The front limbs were rather long with 55% of the length of the hind limbs. A quadrupedal stance would have been possible.

Secondary neurulation occurs in the lower sacral and caudal regions, resulting in the formation of the lower regions of the spinal cord. In birds, the neural tube closes anterior to posterior, while in mammals, the middle closes first, followed by the closure of both ends.

The neural arches and neural spines are shorter than those of Panoplosaurus. The sacrum proper consists of three sacral vertebrae. In the shoulder girdle, the scapula and coracoid are not fused. Carpenter also indicated in which way the main species differed from each other.

The inferior, or lower tubercle is the accessory process and this is found at the back part of the base of the transverse process. The term lumbosacral is often used to refer to the lumbar and sacral vertebrae together, and sometimes includes their surrounding areas.

The Hülfenskreuz The focal point of pilgrimage on the Hülfensberg is the Hülfenskreuz, a 12th-century Romanesque crucifix. It is one of the most popular pieces of sacral art in the Erfurt dioceseKeppler 9. as well as one of the most important.Sucher and Wulitzer 67.

The first mass was celebrated in August 2014. The church is consecrated to Saint Elijah. The new sacral building of the village is opposite the primary school Gotse Delchev in the center of the village.Ljubiša Ivanovski, Jabuka kroz vekove, Qubesoft, Pančevo 2011 , p. 56.

Some patients have been diagnosed for up to 20 years with little change in size, and those with small stable cysts may avoid much progression of symptoms. Those with generally larger sacral cysts pressed along the sacrum cause the sacrum to become eroded and thin.

Behind the sigmoid colon are the external iliac vessels, ovary, obturator nerve, the left Piriformis, and left sacral plexus of nerves. In front, it is separated from the bladder in the male, and the uterus in the female, by some coils of the small intestine.

Very influenced in his thought by Jaime Balmes and Juan Donoso Cortés, his work today is an important example of Spanish traditionalism.Wilhelmsen, Alexandra (1993). "Antonio Aparisi y Guijarro: A Nineteenth-century Carlist Apologist for a Sacral Society in Spain." In: Saints, Sovereigns, and Scholars.

The front teeth are not serrated: those more to the rear only have denticles at the trailing edge. Five sacral vertebrae are present; the tail probably consisted of about thirty vertebrae. The pubic bone probably pointed obliquely to the front. The ischium is elongated.

It occupies the medial part of the base of the posterior grey column and appears on the transverse section as a well-defined oval area. It begins caudally at the level of the second or third lumbar nerve, and reaches its maximum size opposite the twelfth thoracic nerve. Above the level of the eight thoracic nerve its size diminishes, and the column ends opposite the last cervical or first thoracic nerve. It is represented, however, in the other regions by scattered cells, which become aggregated to form a cervical nucleus opposite the third cervical nerve, and a sacral nucleus in the middle and lower part of the sacral region.

Huehuecanauhtlus is known only from two individuals. The holotype IGM 6253 represented by fragmentary skull (partial left maxilla and dentary fragment) and postcranial skeleton including four cervical vertebrae, nine dorsal vertebrae, four dorsal neural spines, one dorsal diapophysis, five right dorsal ribs, seven left dorsal ribs, seven sacral neural spines, seven sacral diapophyses, one caudal diapophysis, three caudal vertebrae, two caudal neural spine, eight fragmentary ossified tendons, left and right partial ilium, and left and right partial pubis. The smaller paratype, IGM 6254, is represented by fragment of left dentary, two teeth, and one cervical prezygapophysis. Both specimens were collected at the Barranca Los Bonetes locality in Tuzantla, Michoacán.

This specimen is the holotype assigned to the catalogue number JACVM 0001; this includes a rear dorsal vertebra, a series from the last two sacral vertebrae and first eight caudal vertebrae (these caudal vertebrae were found without their chevrons). The sacral vertebrae have been identified as the fourth and fifth. This fossil was donated by the farmers and became part of the collection at the museum of the Junta de Acción Comunal de la Vereda de Monquirá. Padillasaurus was originally described and named by José L. Carballido, Diego Pol, Mary L. Parra Ruge, Santiago Padilla Bernal, María E. Páramo-Fonseca y Fernando Etayo-Serna in 2015.

The rectum is the final straight portion of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals, and the gut in others. The adult human rectum is about long, and begins at the rectosigmoid junction, the end of the sigmoid colon, at the level of the third sacral vertebra or the sacral promontory depending upon what definition is used. Its caliber is similar to that of the sigmoid colon at its commencement, but it is dilated near its termination, forming the rectal ampulla. It terminates at the level of the anorectal ring (the level of the puborectalis sling) or the dentate line, again depending upon which definition is used.

The sympathetic innervation (nerve supply) comes from the sympathetic preganglionic neurons located in the upper lumbar spinal cord along the hypogastric nerve and terminates in the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers in the urethra. The parasympathetic nerve supply comes from the parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the sacral spinal cord and also terminates in the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers. Finally the somatic nerve supply arises from the urethral sphincter motor neurons in the ventral horn of the sacral spinal cord; better known as Onuf's nucleus. The pudendal nerve that extends from Onuf's nucleus, connects directly to the rhabdosphincter muscle to control micturation.

In Ibn Fadlan's account of the Rus, he describes an elder woman known as the "Angel of Death" who oversaw a funerary ritual. Among scholars, there has been much debate as to whether sacral kingship was practiced among Old Norse communities, in which the monarch was endowed with a divine status and thus being responsible for ensuring that a community's needs were met through supernatural means. . Evidence for this has been cited from the Ynglingatal poem in which the Swedes kill their king, Domalde, following a famine. However, interpretations of this event other than sacral kingship are possible; for instance, Domalde may have been killed in a political coup.

He painted sacral pieces, Slovak landscapes and Slovak personalities. It was due to his strong patriotism he exhibited during holidays in the 1890s that he was not allowed to finish his painting studies and had to work as a curate in changing places in the Kingdom of Hungary: in Chrenovec (Nyitratormás), Slovenská Ľupča (Zólyomlipcse), Dubová (Cseres) and in Lopej (Lopér). In Lopej, he painted a large sacral picture of St. George which is still on the church altar of the village. The central altar painting of St. Elisabeth in the 14th century Church of St. Elizabeth in the main square of Banská Bystrica was by Murgaš.

He was partially inspired by Croatian folklore, especially sacral traditions of the Hrvatsko Zagorje, where he was born. He composed more than fifty vocal and instrumental (mostly for organs) music works. Kovačević, Krešimir. Muzičko stvaralaštvo u Hrvatskoj 1945-1965, Zagreb: Udruženje kompozitora Hrvatske, 1966, p. 189-190.

The pelvis is poorly preserved. The ilium has no blade, and the preacetabular process is small and rod-like, with a deep acetabulum. Facets are present which indicate that there were two sacral ribs. The ischium is narrow and elongated, more so than almost any other crocodyliform.

2 sacral (hip) vertebrae were present, possessing tall and thin neural spines. The first few cervical (tail) vertebrae also had tall and thin neural spines, although the majority of the tail is unknown. The caudal ribs are short, point backwards, and are fused to their vertebrae.

Recurrences of genital herpes are caused by herpes simplex virus which lies dormant in the sacral ganglia between bouts of active infection. It innervates blood vessels and sweat glands in lower limbs. Near the coccyx, the right and left sympathetic trunks join to form the ganglion impar.

The axis and atlas of the vertebrae were fused together, serving as stabilization during swimming.Emily A. Buchholtz (2000). Swimming styles in Jurassic Ichthyosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 21, 63-71 T. trigonodon possessed unicipital ribs near the sacral region while it had bicipital ribs more anteriorly.

All but the outermost digit ended in claws. Unlike in other sauropods, pleurocoels (deep lateral excavations of the vertebrae) were absent; thus, the vertebrae would have been quite massive. The sacrum was made of three fused sacral vertebrae, fewer than in later sauropods. The chevrons were unbifurcated.

83; This association is also attested to in the Ganapati Atharvashirsa. Courtright translates this passage as follows: "You continually dwell in the sacral plexus at the base of the spine []."Translation. Courtright, p. 253. Thus, Ganesha has a permanent abode in every being at the Muladhara.

St Peter and St Paul the Apostles church complex is part of the nationally significant sacral heritage in Plateliai Town, Plungė District. The complex consists of the St Peter and St. Paul the Apostles church built in 1744, as well as the bell tower built in 1899.

"Santa Maria" – taking its name from Christopher Columbus' flagship, Santa Maria – is about the age of exploration; it depicts the discovery of America by the Europeans. The most important part of this track is the quasi-sacral choir vocal, reminding of the religious background behind the journey.

Telšiai: the Sacral Ensemble on Insula Hill. Vilnius:Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla, 2008, p. 49 In 1802 renowned Vilnius architect Jan Boretti obliged to construct two towers and a narthex. However, due to unknown reasons he built only the narthex and failed to complete the work of towers.

BUTRIMAS, Adomas. Telšiai: the Sacral Ensemble on Insula Hill. Vilnius:Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla, 2008, p. 121 in 2005 the sculptures of St. Anthony of Padua (patron of the cathedral) and St. Stanislaus (patron of Telšiai city) designed by Arūnas Sakalauskas were constructed to the churchyard gates.

Several thousand onlookers came to watch the dismantling.UPHEAVAL IN THE EAST; Lenin Statue in Mothballs, The New York Times, December 11, 1989. Retrieved June 9, 2013. Sacral architecture should also be noted, particularly the Arka Pana (Lord's Ark) Church, which was built to resemble Noah's Ark.

Neural crest cells originating from different positions along the anterior- posterior axis develop into various tissues. These regions of neural crest can be divided into four main functional domains, which include the cranial neural crest, trunk neural crest, vagal and sacral neural crest, and cardiac neural crest.

Within the CNS, nerve cell bodies are generally organized into functional clusters, called nuclei. Axons within the CNS are grouped into tracts. There are 33 spinal cord nerve segments in a human spinal cord: 8 cervical segments forming 8 pairs of cervical nerves (C1 spinal nerves exit spinal column between occiput and C1 vertebra; C2 nerves exit between posterior arch of C1 vertebra and lamina of C2 vertebra; C3-C8 spinal nerves through IVF above corresponding cervica vertebra, with the exception of C8 pair which exit via IVF between C7 and T1 vertebra) 12 thoracic segments forming 12 pairs of thoracic nerves (exit spinal column through IVF below corresponding vertebra T1-T12) 5 lumbar segments forming 5 pairs of lumbar nerves (exit spinal column through IVF, below corresponding vertebra L1-L5) 5 sacral segments forming 5 pairs of sacral nerves (exit spinal column through IVF, below corresponding vertebra S1-S5) 3 coccygeal segments joined up becoming a single segment forming 1 pair of coccygeal nerves (exit spinal column through the sacral hiatus).

Shihtienfenia is unusual because of the presence of 6, rather than the usual 4, sacral vertebrae, and may belong in a separate subfamily, although Oskar Kuhn includes it under the Pareiasaurines in his monograph (Kuhn 1969). As with the Pareiasaurines the upper margin of the ilium is flat.

Fowler, Roman Festivals, p. 45. On the Calendar of Filocalus (354 AD), it is placed on March 14, but by Lydus on the Ides. The earliest extant calendars place an Equirria, one of the sacral chariot races in honor of Mars, on March 14.Fowler, Roman Festivals, p. 45.

The illium of Echinerpeton is similar to those of early reptiles in that it is narrow and backward-pointing, while those of sphenacodontids are widened at their front to support the hip's connection with the sacral vertebrae. The astragalus has the same simple L-shape as those of ophiacodontids.

Skin is dorsally weakly rugose and ventrally smooth. The dorsal ground color is coppery brown. There is a dark brown middorsal hour glass-shaped marking, narrow, black interocular bar, dark brown horseshoe-shaped sacral marking, and black supra-tympanic and groin bars. The venter is purple with white marking.

The superior hypogastric plexus or presacral nerve is located in the interiliac triangle overlying the sacral promontory. At this location, the presacral nerve is in close proximity to major vasculature (bifurcation of the aorta, common iliac arteries, left common iliac vein, and inferior mesenteric artery) and the ureters.

The last three dorsal vertebrae had no ribs. The spines of the sacral vertebrae touched each other but were not fused into a supraneural plate. The quickly tapering tail was relatively short, probably representing about half of body length. The tail chevrons were strongly inclined to the rear.

Telšiai: the Sacral Ensemble on Insula Hill. Vilnius:Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla, 2008, p. 109 Artist Jurgis Mažeika designed two altars beside the pillars and in the presbytery as well as the pulpit while artist Tomasz Podhajski () designed three altars in the second storey and the central altar.Baroque in Lithuania.

The place is regarded as a possible site of the Baptism of Poland, where the first historical ruler of Poland Mieszko I accepted Christianity in 966. An island on the lake called Ostrów Lednicki contains remains of residential and sacral stone architecture from the 10th and 11th century.

Neuromodulation can be successful in treating IC/BPS symptoms, including pain. One electronic pain-killing option is TENS. Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation stimulators have also been used, with varying degrees of success. Percutaneous sacral nerve root stimulation was able to produce statistically significant improvements in several parameters, including pain.

Pneumatic structures in the caudal vertebrae of Shenzhousaurus (A), and the cervical (B, C, D), dorsal (E), sacral (F, G) and caudal (H) vertebrae of Gallimimus The back of Gallimimus had 13 dorsal vertebrae, with spool-like centra that were short, but tended to become deeper and longer towards the back. Their transverse processes (processes articulating with the ribs) slightly increased in length towards the back. The two first dorsal centra had deep pneumatic foramina, while the rest only had shallow fossae (depressions), and the neural spines were prominent being somewhat triangular or rectangular in shape. The sacrum (fused vertebrae between the pelvic bones) consisted of five sacral vertebrae which were about equal in length.

The holotype is BYU 2024, a synsacrum of seven sacral vertebrae, featuring a unique—for a pterosaur—complete fusion of the spinae into a supraneural blade, a character, as the specific name indicates more typical for birds, at first leading Jensen to assign the fossil to a bird, Palaeopteryx. Further referred associated remains include arms bones, pectoral girdle bones, vertebrae (including cervix and sacral), and femora.Jensen, J. A., and Padian, K. (1989) Small pterosaurs and dinosaurs from the Uncompahgre fauna (Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation: ?Tithonian), late Jurassic, western Colorado. Journal of Paleontology 63:363–374. Additional material was described in 2004 (including a partial braincase)Smith, D.K., Sanders, R.K., and Stadtman, K.L. (2004).

Additional congenital anomalies, effects on other organs, and less common features of JBS have included: imperforate anus (occlusion of the anus), vesicoureteral reflux (reversal of the flow of urine, from the bladder back into the ureters, toward the kidneys); duplex of the uterus and vagina in female infants, neonatal cholestasis of the liver, with cirrhosis and portal hypertension (high blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein); dilated cardiomyopathy, dextrocardia (congenital displacement of the heart to the right side of the chest), atrial and ventricular septal defect; low birth-weight, failure to thrive, hypotonia (decreased muscle tone); sacral hiatus (a structural deficiency of the sacral vertebrae), congenital cataracts, and cafe-au-lait spots.

Franciscan Monastery in Tomislavgrad has a Museum with archaeological, ethnographic, sacral and African exhibitions. The most significant archaeological finding is the Duvanjska ploča (stone-carved slate) found in the 1960s near the village of Prisoje, dating back to the 2nd century. The Ethnographic collection is composed of traditional attire and jewellery, sacral collection of the 17th and 19th century chalices, and the African collection of artefacts brought from Africa by Franciscan missionaries. The memorial complex 25 May 1944 in Drvar was established after the World War II near Tito's cave, and was one of the main tourist attractions in Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, visited by more than 200,000 tourists a year.

It runs from the sacrum (the lower transverse sacral tubercles, the inferior margins sacrum and the upper coccyxMarios Loukas, Robert G Louis Jr, Barry Hallner, Ankmalika A Gupta and Dorothy White. (2006) "Anatomical and surgical considerations of the sacrotuberous ligament and its relevance in pudendal nerve entrapment syndrome" Surg Radiol Anat 28(2): 163–169) to the tuberosity of the ischium. It is a remnant of part of Biceps femoris muscle. The sacrotuberous ligament is attached by its broad base to the posterior superior iliac spine, the posterior sacroiliac ligaments (with which it is partly blended), to the lower transverse sacral tubercles and the lateral margins of the lower sacrum and upper coccyx.

However, for Klamelisaurus, Moore and colleagues interpreted the former to be an attachment for the intercristal muscles of the neck, based on the surface texture and comparisons with ostriches, while they considered the latter to be a pneumatic structure created by . Thus, they argued that previous literature had conflated distinct and diverse muscular and pneumatic structures as components of the EPRL. Moore and colleagues identified twelve dorsals and six sacrals in the type specimen of Klamelisaurus. (Zhao previously identified the first sacral of Moore and colleagues as the last dorsal, giving thirteen dorsals and five sacrals.) Although sacral vertebrae are usually identified by contact with the ilium, these bones are not in association in the type specimen.

There are currently no studies into the efficacy of this on an overactive bladder and other associated symptoms of urinary incontinence, however, in a report carried out by GUT (an international peer-reviewed journal for health professionals and researchers in gastroenterology and hepatology) it was found that 20% of the group tested achieved complete continence. All others saw a significant reduction in the frequency of FI episodes and an improvement in the ability to defer defecation. The first percutaneous sacral nerve stimulation study was performed in 1988. By penetrating the skin, sacral nerve stimulation aims to give a direct and localized electric current to specific nerves in order to elicit a favored response.

Like the flamen Dialis but in contrast to the pontiffs and augurs, the rex was barred from a political and military career. He was thus not a "decayed king"; rather, after the overthrow of the kings of Rome, the office of rex sacrorum fulfilled at least some of the sacral duties of kingship, with the consuls assuming political power and military command, as well as some sacral functions. It is a matter of scholarly debate as to whether the rex sacrorum was created during the formation of the Republic, as Arnaldo Momigliano argued, or had existed in the Regal period.Tim Cornell, The Beginning of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (Routledge, 1995), pp.

Pelvic surface Dorsal surface The pelvic surface of the sacrum is concave from the top, and curved slightly from side to side. Its middle part is crossed by four transverse ridges, which correspond to the original planes of separation between the five sacral vertebrae. The body of the first segment is large and has the form of a lumbar vertebra; the bodies of the next bones get progressively smaller, are flattened from the back, and curved to shape themselves to the sacrum, being concave in front and convex behind. At each end of the transverse ridges, are the four anterior sacral foramina, diminishing in size in line with the smaller vertebral bodies.

The somites that give rise to the vertebral column begin to develop from head to tail along the length of the notochord. At day 20 of embryogenesis the first four pairs of somites appear in the future occipital bone region. Developing at the rate of three or four a day, the next eight pairs form in the cervical region to develop into the cervical vertebrae; the next twelve pairs will form the thoracic vertebrae; the next five pairs the lumbar vertebrae and by about day 29 the sacral somites will appear to develop into the sacral vertebrae; finally on day 30 the last three pairs will form the coccyx.Larsen, W.J. Human Embryology.2001.

The hip of Cricosaurus araucanensis contains several features that create an unusually large pelvic opening. The acetabulum, or femur articulation on the hip, is placed very far towards of the bottom of the body relative to the vertebral column, and the sacral ribs are angled downwards at 45°, further increasing the distance between the vertebral column and the pubis-ischium. The hip was effectively a vertical ellipse in cross-section, being tall and wide. In other pseudosuchians like Steneosaurus, Machimosaurus, and Pelagosaurus, the sacral ribs are less angled and more horizontal; in this way, Cricosaurus is actually more similar to aquatic reptiles like Chaohusaurus, Utatsusaurus, and Keichousaurus, the latter of which live birth has been suggested for.

An array of various postcranial bones of Cricodon metabolus Twenty-five vertebrae were discovered which belong to the dorsal and sacral regions with only one vertebrae having a well preserved neural arch from the sacral region. There are additional apophyses below the posterior zygapophysis which articulate with concavities on the lateral surface of the neural arch, posterior and inferior to the anterior zygapophysis. Cricodon metabolus has the typical cynodont expanded ribs of which thirteen dorsal ribs were discovered. The entire humerus was 12.5 cm long and had typical cynodont characterizations such as the twisted bone and the plane of the distal end forming an angle of 40 degrees with that of the proximal.

A pelvic tumor is any one of numerous tumors that occur in the pelvis. Within the pelvis, these tumors may involve specific organs, or occupy intra-organ spaces. Tumors of the presacral space and sacral space are most prevalent in children. Tumors occupying specific organs have a more complex natural history.

The body of Kembawacela is poorly known, but resembles that of other cistecephalids like Cistecephalus. It had three sacral vertebrae and an ilium with well developed forward and backward pointing processes, and a large, robust ulna in the arm. Unlike Cistecephalus, however, the head of the femur is roughly triangular shaped.

The semimembranosus is innervated by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve consists of the anterior divisions of ventral nerve roots from L4 through S3. These nerve roots are part of the larger nerve network–the sacral plexus.Saladin, Kenneth S. Anatomy & Physiology: the unity of form and function.

Gauci was born on 1 January 1985. She was born with lumbar sacral agenesis, meaning that she is missing the lower part of her spine. In 2008 and 2009, she was the Australian Paralympic Committee's New South Wales Assistant. As of 2012, she lives in Rooty Hill, New South Wales.

Many sources say she passed from natural causes, and Christian sources says that she was murdered by a general seeking to be king. After Boran's death, her sister Azarmedukht (Azarmigduxt) succeeded the throne for a short time. Azarmedukht "possessed the main prerequisite for the sacral kingship and xwarrah to be" hers.

Stucco decoration is limited to motives of intersecting and cut rib arches similar to Gothic vaults. As on the other Santini's buildings, even here light is used to build inner space. This approach is based on baroque interpretation of light as a sign of god's presence. Some call this 'sacral light'.

At birth, Eck weighed two pounds (0.9 kg) and was less than eight inches (20 cm) in length. He would eventually reach a height of eighteen inches (45 cm). Although Eck capitalized on the resemblance between himself and Robert, the twins were fraternal. Aside from the sacral agenesis, Eck was healthy.

Uppsala: ACTA Universitatis Upsaliensis Despite certain allegations found online, the role of "God's Wife" is not the same as the title "God's Wife of Amun", which is a separate sacral title, involved in the "Divine Cycle" myth of the deity Amun.Gitton, M. 1984. Les divine éspouses de la 18e dynastie.

There are between 5 and 8 sacral vertebrae. The pubis is vertical or subvertical, with a concave anterior edge. The tibia is 15%-25% longer than the femur. The tail is short, with the number of vertebrae reduced to 24 or so, and proximally very thick, with broad transverse processes.

Tschanz, K. 1988. Allometry and Heterochrony in the Growth of the Neck of Triassic Prolacertiform Reptiles. Paleontology. 31:997–1011. The body contained 13 hourglass-shaped dorsal vertebrae, two sacral vertebrae and approximately twelve caudal vertebrae with weakly developed dorsal and haemal spines along with well-developed transverse processes.Wild, R. 1973.

Kurshumli Mosque is a sacral building constructed in the 16th century in Peć. Its original construction was covered with dome, but during the time it had some changed to the covering. The hajat also is not in original shape. Before being destroyed by fire, the mosque had four watery roof.

The perforating cutaneous nerve arises from the sacral plexus. It pierces the lower part of the sacrotuberous ligament, and winds around the inferior border of the gluteus maximus. It supplies the skin covering the medial and lower parts of gluteus maximus. The perforating cutaneous nerve may arise from the pudendal nerve.

History records many people carrying the title Tegin. The best known is Kül Tigin (, erroneously Sanping Chen, "Son of Heaven and Son of God: Interactions among Ancient Asiatic Cultures regarding Sacral Kingship and Theophoric Names", Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Third Series, Vol. 12, No. 3 (Nov., 2002), p.

As well as separating the sacral chamber from the profane passage, the threshold stone also serves to support a door slab or sealing slab. If the passageway was used, e.g. in connexion with secondary burials, for cultic purposes, it was given a covering of flagstones and a second, outer threshold stone.

Ceuthomantis are greenish frogs with narrow heads. They have T-shaped terminal phalanges and paired, dorsal, gland-like protrusions in the post-temporal and sacral regions; the function of the latter is unknown. They have notched digital discs on the fingers and toes. Vomerine teeth and nuptial pads are absent.

They are closely related to Eocasea martini with preserved sacral and pelvic girdle elements. There are morphological and size similarities between the sacrals and the anterior caudals is larger than the posterior dorsals. Below is a cladogram representing the evolutionary trends all the way up to and past Casea broilii.

It is characterized by a detailed sacral architecture, with its wood carved elements that show the centuries of cultural values hidden behind this Tekke. As such it has been protected by law since 1956. This monument is often referred to as a model when analyzing other architectural monuments with this form.

This type of inscription is rare, and found only on former Byzantine territory. It is the sole example in the former Yugoslavia. In the fortified suburb are the minimal remains of two more significant structures. One was a sacral complex, Blagoveštenjska crkva (Annunciation Church), where the Saint's relics were stored.

There are only two sacral vertebrae. The caudal vertebrae number at least seventeen, with very tall neural spines (taller than the centrum is) and low-attached caudal ribs. The holotype had all seventeen of the first caudal vertebrae articulated. Several pelvic girdles are known, with ventral acetabula and thickened peduncles.

Males measure and females in snout–vent length. There is a distinctive charcoal, dark brown, or black facial mask. Tympanumic annulus and membrane are clearly visible. Dorsum has well-defined scapular and sacral chevrons and pair of suprainguinal spots, although patterns differ among individuals and few specimens are nearly patternless.

296, 2009, British Museum Press, One current interpretation is that the Hittite sacral hieratic hunting bag (kursas), a rough and shaggy goatskin that has been firmly established in literary texts and iconography by H.G. Güterbock,Güterbock, Perspectives on Hittite Civilization: Selected Writings (Chicago 1997). was a source of the aegis.

The pudendal nerve may vary in its origins. For example, the pudendal nerve may actually originate in the sciatic nerve. Consequently, damage to the sciatic nerve can affect the pudendal nerve as well. Sometimes dorsal rami of the first sacral nerve contribute fibers to the pudendal nerve, and even more rarely .

Pararhabdodon most likely was a bipedal-quadrupedal herbivore, in the neighborhood of 6 m (19.7 ft) long, fully grown. The dorsal and sacral neural spines were elongate, so the animal would have had a tall back, like other hadrosaurids. Because the material is sparse, more specific conclusions cannot be reached.

The 4 lower labials are in contact with the anterior chin shields, which are as long as the posterior chin shields. The dorsal scales are in 15 rows at midbody, and those on the sacral region are keeled. The ventrals number 138-140. The anal is divided, and the subcaudals number 70-82.

Maus TP. Imaging of spinal stenosis: neurogenic intermittent claudication and cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Radiol Clin North Am. 2012 Jul;50(4):651-79. . Review. PubMed . By understanding the magnitude of the role that ligamentum flavum hypertrophy plays in lumbar sacral stenosis, the necessity of an invasive lumbar spinal procedure can be accurately measured.

The rear end of the ischium is curved to above. In several additional traits Avimaia differs from some relatives. The sacrum consists of eight sacral vertebrae. The first metatarsal is J-shaped with its diverging lower end having two thirds of the length of the shaft, which is a relatively low ratio.

Premal met her partner in life and music, Miten, at the Osho International Meditation Resort in Pune, India in 1990, where she was studying reflexology, shiatsu, cranio-sacral therapy, and massage. They have been touring together since 1992, offering concerts and chant workshops worldwide.Dubrovsky, Anna. Yoga Rock Stars , Yoga International, September 2008.

Hannah Dodd was born on 27 April 1992, and is from Arcadia, New South Wales. She has sacral agenesis and spina bifida with upper limb dystonia, and is missing four vertebrae in her back. When she was about a year old, her kidneys started failing. Her entire renal system needed to be reconstructed.

Urinary Incontinence Surgery - Mayo Clinic A 2007 review by the Cochrane Collaboration was cautiously optimistic about the results of sacral nerve stimulation in fecal incontinence, although it also concluded that trial periods of stimulation did not adequately identify patients that would benefit from the procedure, and that more longer-term studies were needed.

20 cervical vertebrae, 19 dorsal vertebrae, 3 sacral vertebrae and at least 17 caudal vertebrae are present. The atlas, axis and eighth-tenth cervical vertebrae are disarticulated, as is the posterior-most region of the tail (in fact missing). The dorsal vertebrae have no elongated transverse processes, but the zygapophyses are very pachyostotic.

Physical damage is much more severe. One leading physical cause of ED is continual or severe damage taken to the nervi erigentes. These nerves course beside the prostate arising from the sacral plexus and can be damaged in prostatic and colorectal surgeries. Diseases are also common causes of erectile dysfunctional; especially in men.

The spine comprised 10 cervical (neck) vertebrae; 14 dorsal (trunk) vertebrae; three sacral (hip) vertebrae; and ca. 50 caudal (tail) vertebrae. In contrast to the later sauropods, the sides of the dorsal vertebrae did not show deep cavities caused by air sacs invading the bone (). The scapula (shoulder blade) was hourglass- shaped.

The ilium's facet for the pubis opens downwards, a trait also acquired by ornithischian dinosaurs. The hip in general was wide, had a closed acetabulum (i.e. one with a bony inner wall), and had two sacral vertebrae, lacking many specializations of later dinosauromorphs, like dinosaurs. Ixalerpeton polesinensis, restored in a quadrupedal stance.

The holotype was collected near Presidente Prudente city, São Paulo state. It consists of a dentary, cervical and sacral vertebrae, one ungual, and remains of the pelvic region. The mandible has an 'L' shaped morphology, with the symphyseal region of the dentary slightly twisted medially, a feature never recorded before in any titanosaur.

Presence of low neural spines. 5\. Presence of a slender radius. Specimen MSNM V456, one of the most complete fossils of Askeptosaurus italicus The vertebrae of Askeptosaurus were amphicoelous with no sign of pachyostosis. Based on observations, Askeptosaurus possessed at least 38 presacral vertebrae, two sacral vertebrae, and more than 60 caudal vertebrae.

Szymon Czechowicz (July 1689 - 21 July 1775) was a prominent Polish painter of the Baroque, considered one of the most accomplished painters of 18th century sacral painting in Poland. He specialized in sublime effigies of painted figures. His establishment of a school of painting gives him a great influence on Polish art.

D. spurensis compared to a human Desmatosuchus was a large quadruped upwards of 4.5 meters in length. Its vertebral column had amphicoelus centra and 3 sacral vertebrae. The scapulae had large acromion processes. The forelimbs were much shorter than the hindlimbs, with humeri less than two-thirds the length of the femurs.

At the back of the skull, there is a large cavity between the supraoccipital and the skull roof. The skull is well ossified, with tight sutures between bones. The skull roof is relatively smooth, although scattered pits and grooves are usually present. There are 32 to 45 presacral vertebrae, and three sacral vertebrae.

The dorsal vertebrae are also amphiplatian. C. belli possessed a , a compound unit composed of sacral, dorsal, and sometimes vertebrae, depending on the specimen. The Chasmosaurus specimen NMC 2245 recovered by C.M. Sternberg was accompanied by skin impressions. The area conserved, from the right hip region, measured about one by 0.5 metres.

Leges regiae preface p. XVIII. After him Ancus Marcius had sacral norms from Numa's work transcribed and made public.Livy 1, 32, 2 He established the jus fetiale and imprisonment.Gennar Franciosi ed. Leges regiae preface p. XVII- XVIII.Pierangelo Catalano Linee del sistema sovrannazionale romano Giappichelli, Turin, 1965. He established the jus fetiale and imprisonment.

Amyloid light chains deposition in shoulder joint causes enlarged shoulders, also known as "shoulder pad sign". Amyloid light chain depositions can also cause bilateral symmetric polyarthritis. The deposition of amyloid proteins in the bone marrow without causing plasma cell dyscrasias is called amyloidoma. It is commonly found in cervical, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae.

The fingers are short, broad at the base but tapering to narrow, rounded tips. The toes are unwebbed. Skin is smooth, except in the post-sacral region and the hind legs where it becomes pustulose; the degree of rugosity varies greatly between individuals. Preserved specimens are dorsally light brown with some darker infuscation.

The upper eyelids have large, irregular warts laterally, becoming less prominent medially. Symmetric crests of warts run from the behind the eyelids to the sacral area. Dorsal coloration is cryptic and resembles a dead leaf. The base color is pale yellow; the crests of warts are gray and bordered with gray lacework.

Tyler Walker (born April 10, 1986) is a sit-skier with lumbar sacral agenesis. He competed for the United States at the 2014 Winter Paralympics where a crash caused him to not finish. His competition for the United States at the 2018 Winter Paralympics proved more successful and he won two silver medals.

Pysanka is a symbol of the sun; life, his immortality; love and beauty; spring renewal; the good, happiness, joy. Every ornamental motif has a certain sacral meaning. They all together shape the painted prayer about consent and peace between people. In the Christian culture of Ukrainians, pysanka has become a symbol of resurrection.

The elm is believed to scare the evil forces. Sacral trees in Bulgarian beliefs are beeches and oaks. Hawthorn is believed to expel all evil forces and is applied to cure suspected vampires. The tradition forbids killing of sacred animals - deer, while it is hold a belief the samodivi runaway from horse.

SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN CHAMPSOSAURUS (DIAPSIDA, CHORISTODERA). LETHAIA, 37(3), 245-253. The existence of a non-deformational development of sacral fusion, coupled with the presence of more robust limb bones in some discovered individuals is thought to be a result of specific variation, in which said limbs belong to females. KATSURA, Y. (2007).

Anatomy, descriptive and surgical: Gray's anatomy. Gray, Henry. Philadelphia : Courage Books/Running Press, 1974 The nerves divide into branches and the branches from different nerves join with one another, some of them also joining with lumbar or coccygeal nerve branches. These anastomoses of nerves form the sacral plexus and the lumbosacral plexus.

In Yngvi und die Ynglinger (1964) he dismissed the widely accepted view espoused by, for example, Otto Höfler that Germanic peoples had sacral kingship.According to Lee M. Hollander's review, he "knocks out the props from under" it "with sober and competent scholarship". Speculum 42.3 (1967) 511-513, p. 511. The issue and his arguments are still debated today: in a re- examination in 2004, Olof Sundqvist substantially agreed, finding that "this paradigm [sacral kingship] implies a number of methodological difficulties";Olof Sundqvist, "Aspects of rulership ideology in Early Scandinavia - with particular references to the skaldic poem Ynglingatal", Das Frühmittelalterliche Königtum: ideelle und religiöse Grundlagen, Ed. Franz- Reiner Erkens, Ergänzungsband zum Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde 49, Berlin: de Gruyter, 2005, , pp.

Nonetheless, several conservations and consolidations of the circuit walls were done in order to preserve the remains. During the archaeological five season's works, numerous remains and foundations of sacral, profane and utilitarian buildings were discovered. In regard, the entire outer sides of the rampart with towers at the axes were unearthed, as well as a church with three naves and a Saskrity are discovered, but also two almost identical structures in a rounded shape of an unknown sacral complex has been uncovered, as well. On the other hand, vast movable archaeological material composed of; metal made working tools, jewelry, coins, bricks, glass fragments and architectural structures, all clear indications that pinpoint to the Late Antique date and especially typical for the Justinian Period.

Dolichobrachium was only known from some teeth, a humerus, and part of the pectoral girdle, so Mehl suggested that the Poposaurus and Dolichobrachium material could belong to the same animal. Mehl noted similarities between Poposaurus and theropod dinosaurs, including its hollow leg bones and deep hip socket, but did not consider it a dinosaur because each sacral vertebra supported only one rib (theropods usually have multiple ribs projecting from each sacral vertebra). In the following years, Poposaurus was assigned to many different groups of reptiles. Hungarian paleontologist Franz Nopcsa classified it as an ornithischian dinosaur in 1921, identifying similarities with iguanodonts and camptosaurs. In 1928, Nopcsa placed it in a new family called Poposauridae and a new suborder called Poposauroidea.

A spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function. Symptoms may include loss of muscle function, sensation, or autonomic function in the parts of the body served by the spinal cord below the level of the injury. Injury can occur at any level of the spinal cord and can be complete injury, with a total loss of sensation and muscle function at lower sacral segments, or incomplete, meaning some nervous signals are able to travel past the injured area of the cord up to the Sacral S4-5 spinal cord segments. Depending on the location and severity of damage, the symptoms vary, from numbness to paralysis, including bowel or bladder incontinence.

The bilaterally symmetric sympathetic chain ganglia, also called the paravertebral ganglia, are located just ventral and lateral to the spinal cord. The chain extends from the upper neck down to the coccyx, forming the unpaired coccygeal ganglion. Each ganglia within this chain are either cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral. Preganglionic nerves from the spinal cord synapse at one of the chain ganglia, and the postganglionic fiber extends to an effector, a visceral organ in the thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, or pelvic cavity. There are usually 22-23 pairs of these ganglia: 3 in the cervical region (cervical ganglia), 11 in the thoracic region (note the presence of the stellate cervicothoracic ganglia), 4 in the lumbar region and 4-5 in the sacral region.

There are several hypotheses proposed regarding the formation of Tarlov cysts, including: hemorrhagic infiltration of spinal tissue, inflammation within the nerve root cysts followed by inoculation of fluids, developmental or congenital origin, arachnoidal proliferation along and around the exiting sacral nerve root, and breakage of venous drainage in the perineuria and epineurium secondary to hemosiderin deposition after trauma. Tarlov himself theorized that the perineural cysts form as a result of blockage of venous drainage in the perineurium and epineurium secondary to hemosiderin deposition, after local trauma. Another theory gaining increasing popularity, over the past decade, is one postulated by Fortuna et al.; it described perineural cysts to be the results of congenital arachnoidal proliferation along the exiting sacral nerve roots.

Isabel Espinosa-Medina, working in the lab of French researcher Jean-François Brunet at IBENS, identified several transcription factors within pre-ganglionic neurons of the lower lumbar and sacral regions that are essential to neurogenesis. These transcription factors were only identified within other portions of the spinal cord, but they were not co-expressed in the developing cranium. This genomic similarity of the lumbrasacral region to the rest of the spinal cord lead to the conclusion that the sacral region of the spinal cord may actually be part of the sympathetic nervous system. The effect of this revision produces a simple bisection of the autonomic nervous system wherein the cranium is solely parasympathetic, and the spinal cord is solely sympathetic.

Tomaso Cecchini, from Verona, who spent his entire working life (1603–44) as a choirmaster, organist and composer in Split and Hvar, published his madrigals Armonici concetti, libro primo (1612) as the oldest Baroque collection written for the Croatian milieu. The collection Sacrae cantiones (Venice 1620) by Ivan Lukačić from Šibenik is valuable testimony of sacral music that was performed in Split, and is generally speaking, one of the most significant monuments of old Croatian music altogether. The Franciscans and Paulists cultivated sacral chants, mostly monophonic and without organ accompaniment (the manuscript cantos of Frane Divnić, Bone Razmilović, Filip Vlahović-Kapušvarac, Franjo Vukovarac and Petar Knežević). Also, worth mentioning is Ragusino Vincenzo Comnen, the only representative of the music of the Dubrovnik nobility.

Nubian Empire at its greatest extent Around 3,500 BC, one of the first sacral kingdoms to arise in the Nile was Ta-Seti, located in northern Nubia. Ta-Seti was a powerful sacral kingdom in the Nile Valley at the 1st and 2nd cataracts that exerted an influence over nearby chiefdoms based on pictorial representation ruling over Upper Egypt. Ta-Seti traded as far as Syro-Palestine, as well as with Egypt. Ta-Seti exported gold, copper, ostrich feathers, ebony and ivory to the Old Kingdom. By the 32nd century BC, Ta-Seti was in decline. After the unification of Egypt by Narmer in 3,100 BC, Ta-Seti was invaded by the Pharaoh Hor-Aha of the First Dynasty, destroying the final remnants of the kingdom.

The gastralia (belly ribs) Tatenectes are unusually large for its size that exhibit pachyostosis (thickening). The medial (midline) gastralia are relatively straight, while the lateral (outer) gastralia are strongly "J"-shaped. Tatenectes bears four sacral (hip) vertebrae, which are smaller than the dorsal vertebrae. The centra of the caudal (tail) vertebrae are anteroposteriorly short.

Since it is not stained by chromic salts, it is not truly a part of Chromafin system; viz. the system which includes cells stained by chromic salts, consisting of renal medulla, para ganglia, and para aortic bodies. It is situated near the ganglion impar in pelvis, and also near the termination of median sacral artery.

The cervical ribs are double-headed and start from the third cervical vertebra. The dorsal ribs are single-headed, significantly more elongate, and highly pachyostotic. The last dorsal rib is noticeably shorter than the preceding one, but still much longer than the following sacral ribs. It points laterally instead of trending towards the ilium.

Cervical vertebra in right lateral view Most of the postcranial skeleton is known in Patagosaurus. The cervical, caudal, and dorsal vertebrae are generally similar to Camarasaurus, although the sacrum possesses many distinct features. The sacrum is well-preserved, showing that Patagosaurus possessed five sacral vertebrae. All the vertebrae but the fifth are fused together.

Lull and Wright, Hadrosaurian Dinosaurs of North America, pp. 157-159. The ridge on the lower jaw may have reinforced the long, slender structure.Lull and Wright, Hadrosaurian Dinosaurs of North America, pp. 163-164. As mounted, the vertebral column of E. annectens includes twelve neck, twelve back, nine sacral, and at least thirty tail vertebrae.

Interior of the Residence Hofkirche The Court Chapel is a prime example of the sacral Baroque style in Germany. The interior design is dominated by the curving walls and three intergradient oval dome vaults. It extends upwards through both of the main floors of the Residence. The supporting columns are made from agate-coloured marble.

The furcal nerve (forked nerve) links the lumbar plexus and the sacral plexus. It has its own dorsal and ventral branches with fibres that branch out to become part of the femoral and obturator nerves. The furcal nerve is found in the lumbosacral trunk most commonly at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4).

The dorsal ribs of Eosimops were long and relatively thin, and there was a ventral component to the curvature of the thorax. The sacral ribs were laterally expanded and robust. Its body likely resembled that of its close relatives Robertia and Diictodon. Typical of dicynodonts, the humerus of Eosimops sported expanded proximal and distal ends.

Preganglionic sympathetic neurons are located in the spinal cord, at the thorax and upper lumbar levels. Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are found in the medulla oblongata where they form visceral motor nuclei; the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve; the nucleus ambiguus, the salivatory nuclei, and in the sacral region of the spinal cord.

Neural spines and arches are elongated in all the vertebrae along the trunk, and their centra have a concave anterior face and a flat posterior face. They are spool-shaped, typically for aetosaur vertebrae. Their neural canals are large and deep. The sacral vertebrae are very robust, and not fused unlike those of desmatosuchians.

The aorta begins to descend in the thoracic cavity and is consequently known as the thoracic aorta. After the aorta passes through the diaphragm, it is known as the abdominal aorta. The aorta ends by dividing into two major blood vessels, the common iliac arteries and a smaller midline vessel, the median sacral artery.

However, the pelvis was still connected to one of the sacral vertebrae. The ungulate ancestry of these archaeocetes is still underlined by characteristics like the presence of hooves at the ends of the toes in Rodhocetus. The foot structure of Rodhocetus shows that protocetids were predominantly aquatic. A 2001 study done by Gingerich et al.

The central and neural spines show early hints of hollowing as a weight-saving measure. The dorsal vertebrae are stabilized with hyposphene-hypantrum articulations, accessory projections that link the vertebrae with each other. The sacrum is strengthened through an additional fourth sacral vertebra. From the skull, only three whole teeth and three crowns are known.

Human alphaherpesvirus 2 infects humans, most often as genital herpes. In the United States more than one in six people have the virus. It is primarily a sexually transmitted infection. Human alphaherpesvirus 2 tends to reside in the sacral ganglia. Human alphaherpesvirus 2 is periodically shed in the human genital tract, most often asymptomatically.

Berkeley, University of California Press. 2: 266, 281-286, 288, 296-299, 302-302. The dorsoventrally elongate oval outlines are characteristic of Haplocanthosaurus with only Camarasaurus also possessing them. The parapophyses remaining as oval facets on the craniolateral margin, and the sacral spines 1-3 fused are also found in both Haplocanthosaurus and Camarasaurus.

The choir's repertoire consists mainly of four-voice a cappella pieces representing different periods and trends – from the Renaissance to modern days, sacral music as well as folklore songs. The choir has performed songs and parts of cyclic pieces in nine languages: Modern Bulgarian, Church Slavonic, Latin, Russian, German, French, Italian, English, Hebrew and Romani.

The hand is only known from recent discoveries and has not yet been described. In the rather wide pelvis, the ilium was straight in side view. Its front blade was rod-shaped and moderately splayed to the outside, creating room for the belly. This was reinforced by the sacral ribs becoming longer towards the front.

Cambridge 2010, vol. 1, p. 122 As we know from Middle America, this may have been part of a deliberate strategy by mendicant friars, trying to adapt to indigenous cultural codes. As a rule, the veneration of the holy cross was a carefully designed ecclesiastical enterprise, incorporating native symbols and reproducing them on sacral level.

Moran Mor Ignatius Jacob (Yaʿqub) III (October 12, 1913 – June 26, 1980) was the 121st Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church. He was skilled in and knowledgeable in Syriac sacral music or Beth Gazo. He re-established the Maphrianate/Catholicate in the Jacobite Syrian Christian Church (the Indian Church).

A computed tomography (CT) scan is another examination method often used for the diagnosis of Tarlov cyst. Unenhanced CT scans may show sacral erosion, asymmetric epidural fat distribution, and cystic masses that have the same density with CSF. CT Myelogram is minimally invasive, and could be employed when MRI cannot be performed on patient.

The plates on the neck are small and triangular. The head must have been relatively large with thirty teeth in each lower jaw. The hips are very broad and the low neural spines of the four sacral vertebrae and the first tail vertebra have been fused into a single plate. It also had robust forelimbs.

The neck vertebrae are opisthocoelous, convex at the front and concave at the rear. With the sacral vertebrae the neural spines have twice the height of the vertebral body. The rear end of the ischium is expanded into a "foot". Between the fronts of the condyles of the thighbone only a shallow groove is present.

The immature holotype specimen measures roughly in length. When it was originally described, it was considered to be an adult, because of its co-ossified sacral vertebra. Future authors doubted this, merely citing its small size. In the 2004 redescription, it was examined more closely and several characteristics were found that identified it as an juvenile individual.

Life restoration The neck was relatively short but well-muscled as shown by strong epipophyses (processes to which neck muscles attached). There were about sixteen dorsal vertebrae. Suchomimus had significantly extended neural spines—blade-shaped upward extensions on the vertebrae—which were elongated at the rear back. Those of the five sacral vertebrae were the longest.

Each rib is thinnest in the middle. A jumble of thin bones in the middle part of the body are probably the remains of gastralia (belly ribs) and components of a cartilaginous sternum. The sacral vertebrae are partially fused to each other. Most of the caudal vertebrae possess tapering ribs which are flattened from the side.

Ramírez-Velasco et al. (2012) diagnosed Huehuecanauhtlus by a unique combination of characters. For example, two teeth exposed on the occlusal plane of the rostral third and the posterior third of the dentary and maxilla, respectively. It had seven sacral vertebrae and tall neural spines of posterior vertebrae, being between 3.5 and 4 times taller than their corresponding centra.

Wawrzyniec Samp (born 25 June 1939) is a Polish sculptor and graphic artist. Samp was born in Danzig, Free City of Danzig (present-day Gdańsk, Poland). He graduated from Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Sztuk Platycznych in Gdańsk in 1965, and now he has his own artistic study in the city. He specializes in Pomeranian-Kashubian, marine and sacral graphics.

Figure of Christ from the Ghent Altarpiece (1432). In many historical societies, the position of kingship carries a sacral meaning, that is, it is identical with that of a high priest and judge. The concept of theocracy is related, although a sacred king need not necessarily rule through his religious authority; rather, the temporal position has a religious significance.

The sacral vertebrae are fused and the sacroiliac joints present like in land mammals and amphibious cetaceans. Furthermore, according to Thewissenet al., the pakicetid scapulae have large supraspinous fossae with small acromions, in contrast to other cetaceans. The deltopectoral crests are absent in the long and slender humeri like in cursorial animals but unlike other Eocene cetaceans.

Those structures within a few centimeters of the sacroiliac joint include the sacrum, ilium, sciatic nerve, dorsal and ventral sacral nerves, lumbar plexus, superior gluteal artery, iliac vessels, and large intestine. While these structures could be injured during any type of sacroiliac joint procedure, the lateral minimally invasive approach is associated with the greatest number of complications.

Victoria "Tori" Pendergast was born in Gosford, New South Wales on 25 January 1991. She has sacral agenesis, and was born missing the lower part of her spine. She attended Loreto Normanhurst, and in 2013 she graduated with a degree in business and marketing from the University of Technology, Sydney. In early 2014, she was working as a telemarketer.

Most ribs are heavily ossified and pachyostotic. They are most ossified and thickened at the middle of the dorsal region, while the anterior and posterior part of the dorsal region appear to be normal. And the pachyostosis is most prominent in the proximal half, with the distal half of the shaft being less ossified. There are two sacral vertebrae.

Przesmyki is a village located in Masovian Voivodeship, near Siedlce, eastern Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district Gmina Przesmyki. First church at Przesmyki was built in 1465, and burnt down by Swedish army in 1657. Present church is from 1776 and is recognized as one of the most valuable sacral monuments of Southern Podlasie region.

Of the upper labial scales, the ninth, fourth, fifth, and sixth enter the eye while the 4 lower labials are in contact with the anterior chin-shields, which are shorter than the posterior chin-shields. The scales in 15 rows and are usually faintly keeled on the sacral \\\ region. There are 203-234 Ventral scales which are anal divided.

Furthermore, some findings from the Viking Age can be interpreted as evidence of human sacrifice. Sagas occasionally mention human sacrifice at temples, as does Adam of Bremen. Also, the written sources tell that a commander could consecrate the enemy warriors to Odin using his spear. Thus war was ritualised and made sacral and the slain enemies became sacrifices.

A related brace is the Boston brace (underarm brace, also known as a thoraco-lumbo-sacral orthosis, or TLSO), which is more commonly used for scoliosis. That brace does not have a neck ring and is more easily concealed under clothing, thus more acceptable to patients. However, it is not suitable for high thoracic or cervical spinal curvatures.

The metacarpals were concluded to belong to some indeterminate titanosauriform. The sacrum was reported lost in 2013. It was not analyzed and provisionally considered to represent an indeterminate sauropod, until such time that it could be relocated in the collections of the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Only four out of the five sacral vertebrae are preserved.

The Nordic effect is given by the choice of materials, which are very close to nature: wood, copper, brick, glass. The most important part of the room, that also shapes the room is light. With the gradual ceiling the light gives the room a sacral expression. An abstract metal sculpture made by Riho Kulla also stood in the hall.

View from the market place The catholic church was built from 1898 to 1901 by architect Wilhelm Hector from Sankt Johann (Saarbrücken),Denkmalliste des Saarlandes, Teildenkmalliste Landkreis Merzig-Wadern (PDF; 285 kB), accessed who planned and constructed over fifty sacral buildings in the region, thus coining Historism and Neoclassicism achitectorial styles in the area now known as Saarland.

Luciano didn't talk much about the more 'technical' and delicate aspects of his work as a composer. I remember that when he least expected it, I would fire questions at him point blank, hoping to pick up some tips. His replies were like enigmas. They had something sacral about them and they required divining rituals to decode them.

This large muscular and tendinous mass varies in size and structure at different parts of the vertebral column. In the sacral region, it is narrow and pointed, and at its origin chiefly tendinous in structure. In the lumbar region, it is larger, and forms a thick fleshy mass. Further up, it is subdivided into three columns.

Many trips were made abroad, most notably the one to the Saint Louis World's Fair in 1904. In 1933, Josef Hedar became the choir's conductor after Emil Gagner. Giving more room to sacral music and introducing his own compositions, he renewed the repertoire. Traces of both of these elements can be found in today's appearances by the choir.

The movable objects include works of art, valuable handicrafts, historical library collections and original furnishings of castles and chateaux and sacral buildings. There are hundreds of thousands of such items, almost 49 thousand items are protected as cultural monuments. Unlike the immovable monuments data on movable monuments are not publicly accessible due to theft and personal data protection.

"Apie vieną vaisių: obuolys lietuvių kultūroje ir kalboje". In: Sakralieji baltų kultūros aspektai: SENOVĖS BALTŲ KULTŪRA [The Sacral Aspects of the Baltic Culture: ANCIENT BALTIC CULTURE]. Vilnius: Lithuanian Culture Research Institute. 2012. p. 296. (in Lihuanian) Professor Bronislava Kerbelyte states the existence of 114 variants collected from all over Lithuania, several of them with contamination from other tale- types.

After the adoption of Christianity in 864, intensive construction of churches and monasteries began throughout the Empire. Many of them were erected over the old pagan temples. The new sacral architecture altered the appearance of the cities and fortresses. This construction was funded not only by the state but also through donations by the wealthy, known as ktitors.

The area where Szentendre is today was uninhabited when the Magyars arrived. In the 9th century, Árpád's companion, the sacral prince Kurszán, settled here. He renovated the Roman fortress that had fallen into ruin and reestablished a settlement on the remains of the Roman buildings. Little is known about the history of Szentendre between the 9th and 10th centuries.

Few entries used modern designs with expressionistic features. Thus Haghia Sophia was the chosen archetype even during the official contest. Most Serbian critics considered this unfitting, as it was not in the national tradition. The universal sacral expression of the Haghia Sophia did albeit fit requirements in the heterogeneous Yugoslav state, which consisted of many different religions and nationalities.

This process ended when the number of ninety- seven centuriae in favour was reached.Dion. of Hal. Ant. Rom. 4, 20, 3-5. Since the lex regia on one hand was meant to create a ius certum and on the other stemmed from the mores, the means to enforce it were in most instances sanctions of religious, sacral nature,G.

The spinal cord is the most complex yet organized part of the CNS. The entire spinal structure may be divided into 4 sections that create an overall S-shaped curve. These sections include the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions. Intervertebral discs stacked on top of one another make up the structure of the overall spine.

The oldest sacral building in the town is the Empire style chapel from 1848, located near the cemetery.Cicha 2003, 111. The Neo- Gothic Catholic Sacred Heart of Jesus Church was built in 1894 by Viennese architect Ludwig Satzky. After the division of the town of Teschen in 1920, there were no Lutheran churches in Český Těšín.

Although both conditions feature a cleft lip/palate, syngnathia, and popliteal pterygium, they are clinically distinguishable from the autosomal dominant case. Lethal PPS is differentiated by microcephaly, corneal aplasia, ectropion, bony fusions, hypoplastic nose and absent thumbs, while PPS with Ectodermal Dysplasia is differentiated by woolly hair, brittle nails, ectodermal anomalies, and fissure of the sacral vertebrae.

There is a feeble to very pronounced pattern of grey or green to dark brown or black blotches, spots and freckling. These markings form a more or less discernible triangle or rectangle. A series of irregular blotches is usually present in the sacral region. Limbs have transverse bars that may or may not be well-defined.

State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Advanced Textbook on Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology, Volume IV, 1997 New World Press, Beijing Cupping is not advised, in TCM, over skin ulcers or to the abdominal or sacral regions of pregnant women.Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Revised Edition), Xingnong, Foreign Languages Press, Beijing, China, 1987, p. 370.

The title God's Wife was another title given to royal women in sacral roles. In the Nubian and Saite Periods, they built their own chapels and mortuary temples. In addition to God's Wife, these women had other titles such as Divine Adorer or God's Hand. As religious figures, some would expect that they would remain pure.

The exceptional fourth sacral is the first of the normal caudal series. The number of caudals is not certain because their limits are obscured by long thread-like extensions, stiffening the tail. The cervical vertebrae are rather long and strongly built, their upper surface having a roughly square cross-section. They carry double-headed thin cervical ribs.

SRB's Manual of Surgery. p. 364. . Others use the term as a diagnosis (i.e. an indication of cause and effect) for nerve dysfunction caused by compression of one or more lumbar or sacral nerve roots from a spinal disc herniation. Pain typically occurs in the distribution of a dermatome and goes below the knee to the foot.

Spinal disc herniation pressing on one of the lumbar or sacral nerve roots is the most frequent cause of sciatica, being present in about 90% of cases. This is particularly true in those under age 50. Disc herniation most often occurs during heavy lifting. Pain typically increases when bending forward or sitting, and reduces when lying down or walking.

When the sacral dorsal roots are cut in experimental animals or interrupted by diseases of the dorsal roots such as tabes dorsalis in humans, all reflex contractions of the bladder are abolished. The bladder becomes distended, thin-walled, and hypotonic, but there are some contractions because of the intrinsic response of the smooth muscle to stretch.

The posterior quarter of the ala represents the transverse process, and its anterior three-quarters the costal process of the first sacral segment. Each ala also serves as part of the border of the pelvic brim. The alae also form the base of the lumbosacral triangle. The iliolumbar ligament and lumbosacral ligaments are attached to the ala.

The pubis and ischium are elongated. The end of the pubis forms a distinct hook that is unique to Poposaurus and a few other early pseudosuchians. Poposaurus has five sacral vertebrae connecting the spine to the hip, three more than most early archosaurs. The hind legs are about twice as long as the arms and placed close together.

The centra are amphicoelous and notochordal, with swollen, relatively massive neural arches. The vertebral column is differentiated into presacral, sacral, and postsacral or caudal vertebrae.Fox 1966 Similarly to extant reptiles, C. aguti has a functional “mesotarsal” joint. It divides the tarsus into a proximal and distal unit, where the centrale is linked mechanically to the proximal (astragalus- calcaneum) unit.

Also three unfused sacral vertebrae were referred. Holotype of B. magnus (Lectotype of Ornithopsis) At the same time Owen named three other species of Bothriospondylus. B. robustus was based on NHMUK R.22428, a dorsal from the same location. B. elongatus was based on a vertebra from Sussex, NHMUK R.2239, an original syntype of Ornithopsis hulkei.

Previously, two species of Champsosaurus were identified from the Tullock formation in Montana, USA. Because of their nesting behavior on land, it is believed that female champsosaurs were better adapted to terrestrial life, and this is seen in limb morphology between males and females. Sacral fusion is featured in discovered specimens, with of without deformations alike.KATSURA, Y. (2004).

Back pain, also known as backache, is pain felt in the back. The back is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected. The lumbar area is the most common area affected.Church E, Odle T. Diagnosis and treatment of back pain.

The fossils include a postcrania, with a sacrum with three preserved sacral vertebrae. The material assigned to "Sinosaurus postcrania" includes a mix of plateosaurid and melanorosaurid elements. All the material from the Red Beds block has now been reassigned to Jingshanosaurus Frontal view of mounted skeleton cast. Shaojin Hu (1993) assigned specimen KMV 8701 to Dilophosaurus sinensis.

Friedrich von Huene based the genus on a fragmentary postcranial skeleton held at the University of Tübingen. This skeleton includes two teeth, two cervical vertebrae, four dorsal vertebrae, three sacral vertebrae, scapulae, part of a humerus, part of a femur, and part of a pubis. At the time, he thought it was a prosauropod.von Huene, F. (1942).

The synsacrum is a similar fused structure found in birds that is composed of the sacral, lumbar, and some of the thoracic and caudal vertebra, as well as the pelvic girdle. Caudal vertebrae compose the tail, and the final few can be fused into the pygostyle in birds, or into the coccygeal or tail bone in chimpanzees (and humans).

In many hadrosaur and theropod dinosaurs, the caudal vertebrae were reinforced by ossified tendons. The presence of three or more sacral vertebrae, in association with the hip bones, is one of the defining characteristics of dinosaurs. The occipital condyle is a structure on the posterior part of a dinosaur's skull that articulates with the first cervical vertebra.

Furthermore, she educated at the Papal Institute of sacral music in Regensburg as well as lectured at the Institute for church music "Albe Vidaković" in Zagreb for thirty-one years (1968–99). IKA. Collegium pro musica sacra pjevao na sprovodu i misi zadušnici za sestru Imakulatu Malinku Misija (Mission; Slobodna Dalmacija). Access date 18 September 2019.

They later fuse to form the basis for the aorta itself. Approximately thirty smaller arteries branch from this at the back and sides. These branches form the intercostal arteries, arteries of the arms and legs, lumbar arteries and the lateral sacral arteries. Branches to the sides of the aorta will form the definitive renal, suprarenal and gonadal arteries.

Adult males, based on two specimens only, measure and adult females in snout–vent length. It is the only member of the Ptychadena stenocephala group to have a mid- dorsal skin fold. The legs are relatively long. The shared characteristics of this group are reduced toe webbing, sacral folds on the back, and metatarsal tubercles on the feet.

The rib of the last sacral vertebra is stout and touches the postacetabular process on the ilium of the pelvis. The first 5 tail vertebrae are preserved, of which the first 3 are complete. Both articular surfaces are flat. The pleurocoels are small and long on the first 2 vertebrae, and somewhat larger on the remaining.

The superficial branch enters the deep surface of the gluteus maximus, and divides into numerous branches, some of which supply the muscle and anastomose with the inferior gluteal artery, while others perforate its tendinous origin, and supply the integument covering the posterior surface of the sacrum, anastomosing with the posterior branches of the lateral sacral arteries.

Sacrum There are five sacral vertebrae (S1–S5) which are fused in maturity, into one large bone, the sacrum, with no intervertebral discs.Drake et al, Gray's Anatomy for Students, Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier (2010), 2nd edition, chapter 2 The sacrum with the ilium forms a sacroiliac joint on each side of the pelvis, which articulates with the hips.

The maximum width of the body at the shoulder was approximately 53 cm. The forelegs, in a position of rest, would give a total width between the middle fingers of the forwardly directed hands of 87 cm. The distance of the sacral vertebra behind the skull is 115 cm. The body thus has a minimum height of 16 cm.

Signs of fatigue include shaking, poor coordination, muscle burning, and loss of the transverse abdominal brace. Heavy lifting should be done with the legs performing the work, and not the back. Swimming is a common tool used in strength training. The usage of lumbar-sacral support belts may restrict movement at the spine and support the back during lifting.

The cerebral cortex can initiate erection in the absence of direct mechanical stimulation (in response to visual, auditory, olfactory, imagined, or tactile stimuli) acting through erectile centers in the lumbar and sacral regions of the spinal cord. The cortex may suppress erection, even in the presence of mechanical stimulation, as may other psychological, emotional, and environmental factors.

The neural channel of the tail vertebra has a cross-section like an inverted trapezium. In top view the profile of the outer rim of the ilium is like a mirrored "S". The osteoderms of the sacral shield are irregular in both shape and size. Taohelong was placed in the Nodosauridae, more precisely in the Polacanthinae.

His best appraised villas designed stand in the Sielanka and Leśne areas and at Sułkowskiego street in Bydgoszcz. They were also inspired by his studies made during visiting Gdynia. Jan Kossowski additionally designed public buildings (reconstruction), industrial buildings, sacral buildings. In 1945, he supervised the repair works of the damaged roof tower of the Church of the Savior.

Also typical is the presence of blade-like keels on the undersides of the first to third dorsal vertebrae, which are not seen elsewhere; additionally, the dorsal vertebrae near the front have the typical low, short, and somewhat plate-like neural spines. Unusually, however, the same kinds of neural spines are also seen in the last three dorsal vertebrae, which is only otherwise seen in basal saurischians like Herrerasaurus and Eoraptor. In the middle and back dorsal vertebrae, the top back corner of the neural spines project outward to produce a concave back edge, which is seen in some other basal sauropodomorphs but not Lufengosaurus, Jingshanosaurus, Yunnanosaurus, and Riojasaurus. Sacral vertebrae (a-d) and pubis (e-h) of Xingxiulong Unusually among basal sauropodomorphs, Xingxiulong has four sacral vertebrae.

Therefore, > Štraus' architecture can not be loved or disliked, liked to like to like it, > to discover and interpret it in its richness of thought expression. Today > one of the most prominent representatives of contemporary Yugoslav > architecture, and his previous work is certainly a significant contribution > to contemporary architecture in general. " About Štraus' Sacral Architecture, architect Mihajlo Mitrović writes: > "This whole cycle of unreleased and original artistic circles has a > perfectly recognizable common denominator: complete beaconnamentality, > masterly shaped lapidity of the form, and the sovereign presence of primary > structures, which form the basis of the most unusual corners, dosed sacral > mysteries. The bells are a special storie, a pure Euclidean planimetry, and > the interpretation of the cross, a lucid challenge to the oldest and > simplest symbol of Christ.

Overosaurus was described and named by Rodolfo A. Coria, Leonardo S. Filippi, Luis M. Chiappe, Rodolfo García and Andrea B. Arcucci in 2013. This species is known solely from the holotype MAU-Pv-CO-439 which consists of a fully articulated vertebral series from the 10th cervical to the 20th caudal vertebra, the ribs of the last three cervical vertebrae, six right dorsal ribs (articulated with their respective dorsal vertebrae 2,3,4,5,8,9), five left dorsal ribs (articulated with their respective dorsal vertebrae 2,3,4,5,8), the proximal portions of dorsal ribs of both sides of dorsal vertebrae 9 and 10, a complete right ilium and a fragmented left ilium. Specifically the vertebral series includes the last four cervical vertebrae, ten dorsal vertebrae, six sacral vertebrae, and twenty caudal vertebrae. Its sacrum consists of six fused sacral vertebrae.

The higher neural spines and shorter femur (60–70%) distinguishes Rodhocetus from the more primitive Ambulocetus. The convex posterior surface of the exoccipital, shorter cervical vertebrae, and unfused sacral vertebrae distinguishes R. kasrani from Indocetus. In contrast to later archaeocetes such as Protocetus and later cetaceans, Rodhocetus retains external nares above upper canines, high neural spines on anterior thoracic vertebrae, and four sacral vertebrae with sacroiliac joints similar to those in land-mammals (suggesting a hip joint that could support the body weight.) Several cranial features identifies R. kasrani as an archaeocete: both the premaxillae and the dentaries are elongated, the frontal shield is wide, and the nuchal crest is high. The auditory bullae are large and dense but, there are no associated pterygoid fossae or air sinuses.

Surgical options are many and may include a hysterectomy or a uterus-sparing technique such as laparoscopic hysteropexy, sacrohysteropexy or the Manchester operation.Surgical correction of uterine prolapse: cervical amputation with uterosacral ligament plication versus vaginal hysterectomy with high uterosacral ligament plication By de Boer T, Milani F, Kluivers K, Withagen M, Vierhout M. Part of ICS 2009 Scientific Programme, Thursday 1 October 2009 In the case of hysterectomy, the procedure can be accompanied by sacrocolpopexy. This is a mesh-augmented procedure in which the apex of the vagina is attached to the sacrum by a piece of medical mesh material. A Cochrane review found that sacral colpopexy was associated with lower risk of complications than vaginal interventions, but it was unclear what route of sacral colpopexy should be preferred.

The New Jerusalem Monastery was founded in 1656 by Patriarch Nikon as a patriarchal residence in the vicinity of Moscow. The monastery took its name from the concept of New Jerusalem. This site was chosen for its resemblance to the Holy Land. The River Istra represents the Jordan, and the buildings represent the 'sacral space' or holy places of Jerusalem.

The iliopectineal line is the border of the iliopubic eminence. It can be defined as a compound structure of the arcuate line (from the ilium) and pectineal line (from the pubis). With the sacral promontory, it makes up the linea terminalis. The Iliopectineal line divides the pelvis into the pelvis major (false pelvis) above and the pelvis minor (true pelvis) below.

Pelvis area of holotype MPC D-102/109 The vertebral column of Halszkaraptor contains ten neck vertebrae, twelve back vertebrae and six sacral vertebrae. The preserved tail vertebrae include the first twenty caudals and a series of six from the middle tail. The neck is very elongated. It equals 290% of the skull length and 150% of the back length.

This would equate to roughly . MH1 preserves 4 neck, 6 thoracic, and 2 lumbar vertebrae; and MH2 preserves 2 neck, 7 thoracic, 2 lumbar, and 1 sacral vertebrae. The lordosis (humanlike curvature) and joints of the neck vertebrae, indicating similar head posture to humans. However, the overall anatomy of the neck vertebrae is apelike, and point to a much stiffer neck.

Glyphoderma has five or six cervical vertebrae, all of which are very flattened and wide, with low neural spines. Only one dorsal vertebra can be seen beneath the carapace. There are four sacral vertebrae, with distally expanded pleurapophyses enclosing a foramen between each pair. 34 caudal vertebrae are preserved, although some may be missing, and the first three of them have transverse processes.

This results in limited / altered motion at the lumbo-sacral articulation. This loss of motion will then be compensated for at segments superior to the transitional vertebra resulting in accelerated degeneration and strain through the L4 disc level which can become symptomatic and inflame the adjacent L5 nerve root resulting in "sciatic" or radicular pain patterns. Scoliosis is frequently found to be associated.

There are over 400 Theyyams performed; the most spectacular ones are those of Raktha Chamundi, Kari Chamundi, Muchilottu Bhagavathi, Wayanadu Kulaven, Gulikan and Pottan. These are performed in front of shrines, sans stage or curtains. The early character of Tamil religion was celebrative. It embodied an aura of sacral immanence, sensing the sacred in the vegetation, fertility, and color of the land.

Paraplegia is an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities. The word comes from Ionic Greek () "half-stricken". It is usually caused by spinal cord injury or a congenital condition that affects the neural (brain) elements of the spinal canal. The area of the spinal canal that is affected in paraplegia is either the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions.

Dyssynergia can be caused by disruption or damage between the cerebellum and the sacral spinal cord. Damage to the spinal cord can be caused by injury or acquired through hereditary means such as myelodysplasia. Other hereditary means of dyssynergia can be from multiple sclerosis and various manifestations of transverse myelitis. In addition, most brain damage to the cerebellum will cause dyssynergia.

It presents a very important archaeological site and photography is forbidden. Monastery of Banjska is a Serbian Orthodox monastery, founded by the Serbian king Stefan Uroš II Milutin between 1313 and 1317. It is located in the Banjska village in municipality of Mitrovica. The medieval monastery was built on the foundations of an earlier sacral Paleo- Christian church, used by Albanian Christians.

The first three lumbar nerves, and the greater part of the fourth together form the lumbar plexus. The smaller part of the fourth joins with the fifth to form the lumbosacral trunk, which assists in the formation of the sacral plexus. The fourth nerve is named the furcal nerve, from the fact that it is subdivided between the two plexuses.

There are 13 thoracic (chest), 7 lumbar (abdomen), 4 sacral (hip), and 38 caudal (tail) vertebrae.Carleton and Goodman, 1996, p. 238 The upper incisors have orange enamel and are opisthodont, with the cutting edge of the tooth inclined backwards. The root of the lower incisors extends though the mandible (lower jaw) to a low capsular process at the back of the jawbone.

A. prevotii is normally found in vaginal discharges, human plasma and some types of abscesses as ovarian, peritoneal sacral and/or lung abscesses. Even more, Anaerococcus prevotii is part of the normal flora in the skin, oral cavity and the gut. Studies has shown Anaerococcus prevotii presents resistance to Ceftazidime, Clindamycin, Levofloxacin. Unlike the other species, A. prevotii can not ferment glucose.

Like in all spinosaurids, the claw of the first finger (the "thumb") was enlarged. The pelvic bones are well- preserved, with the right side better articulated than the left. The fused sacral vertebrae are still attached to the pelvis, which lacks the distal ends of both of its and (lower and rearmost hip bones). The (main hip bone) is long.

The neck of Postosuchus consists of at least eight cervical vertebrae followed by sixteen dorsals, while four co-ossified sacral vertebrae supported the hips.Chatterjee (1985), p. 415. It is thought to be over thirty vertebrae in the tail decreasing in size to the end. The pelvis with the hooked pubis and the rod-like ischium looked like those of carnosaur dinosaurs.

163 Some elements like hood moulds are practical as well as ornamental, whereas his stone plaques are merely decorational. In Kilkenny Castle and Rosehill House, he used oriel windowsLucey, p.165 which might have been influenced by the one on Rothe House. His quatrefoils can be found in his sacral architecture as well as secular buildings built and remodelled by him.

She shows kindness to good people and skilled craftsmen, helping them to find jewels and gold, but if her conditions aren't met, the person loses all his luck, skill and can even die.Blazhes 1983, p. 9. She could permit or prevent the mining in certain places, give or take wealth. The sacral being, the Mistress was surrounded by rituals and taboos, e.g.

Marginocephalians have simple, peg-like teeth surrounded by rhamphotheca, a horny sheath of keratin. The teeth are arranged in batteries for easy replacement and have serrations which may have been useful for cutting up vegetation. Marginocephalia evolved several methods for breaking down vegetation. Pachycephalosaurs had especially large abdomens with broad girths and elongate sacral ribs suggesting the presence of a large stomach.

A review of ankylosaur osteoderms was published in 2000, and reviewed the armour of Struthiosaurinae. The group was represented by the single genus Struthiosaurus, known from head, cervical, dorsal, sacral, and caudal scutes. Only a few head osteoderms were identified, so it is unknown how much of the skull was armoured. Many cervical and dorsal scutes have been preserved alongside species of Struthiosaurus.

There are over 400 Theyyams performed, the most spectacular ones are those of Raktha Chamundi, Kari Chamundi, Muchilottu Bhagavathi, Wayanadu Kulaven, Gulikan and Pottan. These are performed in front of shrines, sans stage or curtains. The early character of Tamil religion was celebrative. It embodied an aura of sacral immanence, sensing the sacred in the vegetation, fertility, and color of the land.

The furcal nerve is an independent nerve that links the lumbar plexus to the sacral plexus. It is most commonly found at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra. The next most common site is the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3). The furcal nerve can be found at any level from L1 to S1 but has not been reported at L1.

The parasympathetic nervous system originates in the sacral spinal cord and medulla, physically surrounding the sympathetic origin, and works in concert with the sympathetic nervous system. Its main function is to activate the "rest and digest" response and return the body to homeostasis after the fight or flight response. This system utilises and activates the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Paraplegia is an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities. The word comes from Ionic Greek () "half-stricken". It is usually caused by spinal cord injury or a congenital condition that affects the neural (brain) elements of the spinal canal. The area of the spinal canal that is affected in paraplegia is either the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions.

The building itself is a comparatively small structure enclosed by thick walls, with the upturned roof supported on columns embedded within the walls. In the interior, the spaces left between the wall and roof, as well as asymmetric light from the wall openings serve to further reinforce the sacral nature of the space and buttress the relationship of the building with its surroundings.

The elbow is a hinge joint without rotary movements and the forelimbs are relatively short. The humeri of Zygorhiza and Chrysocetus are more gracile than those of Dorudon. The vertebral formula is 7 cervicals, 15 thoracics, probably 13 lumbars, 2 sacrals, and at least 21 caudals. The centra of the posterior thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and anterior caudal are slightly elongated.

Stuartfield has many services for the locals such as a primary School, toddler group and preschool, Ewen Morrice the butcher as well as the post office counter, a Nisa grocery store, the MGB garage, a garden machinery shop, a massage and Cranio-Sacral therapist, Chinese restaurant/takeaway, childminders and a public park which boasts a football pitch and tennis court.

The Gegrėnai Jesus of Nazareth wooden church belongs to the archaic type of sacral architecture. It has a rectangular layout with three wall apses and a sacristy on the right-hand side. In 1850, a second sacristy was built that was symmetrical to the first. The facades are tower-less, while the rectangular windows are finished with semi-circular arches.

Another such fossa is present between the two parietals themselves. The dentary turns down very slightly at the tip; a precise tooth count is unknown due to the bone being hidden by the maxillary teeth in the fossils. The hyoid bones are long and slender, with slightly expanded ends. Qianosuchus had nine cervical, fifteen dorsal, two sacral and at least 50 caudal vertebrae.

The sacrum consisted of three to ten sacral vertebrae. They too, could be connected via a supraneural plate that, however, would not contact the notarium. The shoulder girdle connected to the notarium The tails of pterosaurs were always rather slender. This means that the caudofemoralis retractor muscle which in most basal Archosauria provides the main propulsive force for the hindlimb, was relatively unimportant.

Size comparison Riojasaurus had a heavy body, bulky legs, and a long neck and tail. Its leg bones were dense and massive for an early sauropodomorph. In 2010 Gregory S. Paul estimated its length at and its weight at . By contrast, its vertebrae were lightened by hollow cavities, and unlike most early sauropodomorphs, Riojasaurus had four sacral vertebrae instead of three.

The nephrogenic cord is a portion of the urogenital ridge which is the source of much of the urinary system. The nephrogenic cords are bilateral condensations of the intermediate mesoderm. The cords extend from the cervical segments to the sacral segments of the embryo. The nephrogenic cords are located on the posterior wall of the embryo, which is where the kidneys are located.

A ritual is a sequence of activities involving gestures, words, actions, or objects, performed in a sequestered place and according to a set sequence. Rituals may be prescribed by the traditions of a community, including a religious community. Rituals are characterized, but not defined, by formalism, traditionalism, invariance, rule-governance, sacral symbolism, and performance. Rituals are a feature of all known human societies.

The transverse processes are most prominent and noticeable on the first coccygeal segment. All the segments lack pedicles, laminae and spinous processes. The first is the largest; it resembles the lowest sacral vertebra, and often exists as a separate piece; the remaining ones diminish in size from above downward. Most anatomy books incorrectly state that the coccyx is normally fused in adults.

Life reconstruction of a subadult Triceratops horridus Chasmosaurines showed little variation in their postcranial skeleton. The skeleton of Triceratops is markedly robust. Both Triceratops species possessed a sturdy build, with strong limbs, short hands with three hooves each, and short feet with four hooves each. The vertebral column consisted of ten neck, twelve back, ten sacral and about forty-five tail vertebrae.

Causes of increased pre-sacral space are: ulcerative colitis, granulomatous colitis, lymphogranuloma venereum, and in postirradiation changes, thrombosis of the inferior vena cava and tuberculous proctitis, tumor of the sacrum or posterior wall of the rectum. Carcinomatous deposits in the pelvis can also cause presacral space widening. Presacral edema is common in patients with heart failure who are confined to bed.

That way, the main entrance came in line with the Resavska Street, across it. The Gračanica Monastery was used as a model for the new church. Until the Church of Saint Sava surpassed it, St.Mark's Church was the largest Serbian church. It is considered one of the most beautiful edifices of the sacral architecture in the Serbo-Byzantine Revival style.

They are lightly more longer than the dorsals and have stocky, side to ide broadened neural spines with the top surfaces bearing small depressions. A single caudal vertebra is present after the sacral series and represents the first caudal. Its neural spine is broken and the centrum is slightly amphicoelous (concave on both ends) with sub-equal height and length.

Others, such as the traditional Republican Secular Games to mark a new era (saeculum), became imperially funded to maintain traditional values and a common Roman identity. That the spectacles retained something of their sacral aura even in late antiquity is indicated by the admonitions of the Church Fathers that Christians should not take part.Beard et al., Religions of Rome, p. 262.

Svadhisthana chakra is shown as having six petals, bearing the Sanskrit letters ba, bha, ma, ya, ra, and la. The seed sound in the centre is vam. The tattwa for the element of Water is shown as a silver crescent. 'Svadhisthana (, IAST: , "Swa means self and "adhishthana means established.) or the sacral chakra, is the second primary chakra according to Hindu Tantrism.

It consists of a partial skeleton, including the snout, the front lower jaws, the last back vertebra, six sacral vertebrae, sixteen front tail vertebrae that may or may not have formed a natural series, the complete pelvis, and the hindlimbs (minus the right toes). Many of the bones are damaged and compressed. It is part of the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum.

However, the sacral vertebrae were no fused, making it harder to hold up its large body. Additionally, Arsinoitherium has short legs with a low knee joint, reducing the mammal to a short stride, which tends to make it more difficult to walk. Finally, Arsinoitherium is recorded to be plantigrade. Palaeoamasia has highly unique hyperdilambdodont molars, indicative of a plant-only diet.

It is crossed by the left common iliac vein and accompanied by a pair of venae comitantes; these unite to form a single vessel that opens into the left common iliac vein. The median sacral artery is morphologically the direct continuation of the abdominal aorta. It is vestigial in humans, but large in animals with tails such as the crocodile.

Skeleton cast, National Museum, Prague The autapomorphies that distinguish Epachthosaurus from other genera are: middle and caudal dorsal vertebrae with unique articular processes extending ventrolaterally from the hyposphene; a strongly developed intraprezygapophyseal lamina, and processes projecting laterally from the dorsal portion of the spinodiapophyseal lamina; hyposphene- hypantrum articulations in caudals 1–14; and a pedal phalangeal formula of 2-2-3-2-0. The genus shares the following apomorphies with various titanosaurians: caudal vertebrae with ventrally expanded posterior centrodiapophyseal laminae; six sacral vertebrae; an ossified ligament or tendon above the sacral neural spines; procoelous proximal, middle, and distal caudal centra with well-developed distal articular condyles; semilunar sternal plates with cranioventral ridges; humeri with squared proximolateral margins and proximolateral processes; unossified carpals; greatly reduced manual phalanges; nearly horizontal, craniolaterally expanded iliac preacetabular processes; pubes proximodistally longer than ischia; and transversely expanded ischia.

Onuf's nucleus is a distinct group of neurons located in the ventral part (laminae IX) of the anterior horn of the sacral region of the human spinal cord involved in the maintenance of micturition and defecatory continence, as well as muscular contraction during orgasm. It contains motor neurons, and is the origin of the pudendal nerve. The sacral region of the spinal cord is the fourth segment (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar being the first three) of vertebrae in the spinal cord which consists of the vertebrae 26-30. While working in New York City in 1899, Bronislaw Onuf-Onufrowicz discovered this group of unique cells and originally identified it as “Group X.” “Group X” was considered distinct by Onufrowicz because the cells were different in size from the surrounding neurons in the anterolateral group, suggesting that they were independent.

From his youth, Carlo Felice was reported as having a very complex character: on the one hand consistent and inflexible, private, distrustful, and impulsive, if not touchy and vindictive; on the other hand honest, sincere, and capable of emotion and fondness. He had a clever mind, at times even ironic. He possessed a sacral conception of the monarchy and the right to reign.G. Locorotondo, Carlo Felice, pp.

There is no indication of a , a diagnostic feature of derived titanosaurs. Shared with Opisthocoelicaudia, Alamosaurus and Lirainosaurus to the exclusion of other titanosaurs, Diamantinasaurus has a simple undivided ridge between the posterior centrum and diapophysis (). A poorly preserved feature between the prezygapophysis and centrum may be the , found in some brachiosaurids, basal titanosaurs, and Opisthocoelicaudia. Diamantinasaurus possessed at least five, possibly six, sacral vertebrae.

87-124, p. 120. Francis Oakley, however, argued in 2010 that although Baetke successfully rebutted the notion that Scandinavian kings were worshipped, he could not dismiss the evidence that they had some sacral status as mediators with the gods.Francis Oakley, Empty Bottles of Gentilism: Kingship and the Divine in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (to 1050), New Haven: Yale University, 2010, , p. 146.

Life reconstruction The specimen preserves seven cervical (neck) vertebrae, sixteen dorsal (back) vertebrae, two sacral (hip) vertebrae, and forty-two caudal (tail) vertebrae. This gives Vadasaurus a very long tail. The neural spines on the top of the vertebrae (particularly the cervicals) are short and rectangular. The pre- and post-zygapophyses on the side of the vertebrae are swollen, making the vertebrae hourglass-shaped from above.

It contains fragments of both wings including the right fourth metacarpal, parts of the shoulder girdle and the second sacral vertebra. The bones were not articulated but were discovered in a small area of , at a considerable distance from other fossil remains, and thus likely represent a single individual. The bones were largely preserved three-dimensionally, without strong compression. The holotype probably was an adult individual.

Life restoration The holotype pelvis is in relatively good preservation, compromising the sacral vertebrae, partial illium, right and left pubis and the left ischium. The pelvis is somewhat large as a whole and opisthopubic. The illium is widely positioned and turned externally; it preserves a large cubic process in the posterodorsal area. Elongated pubic peduncles are present in the illium; the ischial peduncles are more reduced though.

Straps are used to secure the torso (chest and pelvis) and extremities (arms and legs) to the backboard. Other strapping techniques Several different strapping techniques exist for immobilizing the torso so that the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral sections of the spine are supported with spinal motion restriction.Honeycutt, Linda, Jeffrey P. Salomone, MD, FACS, NREMT-P, and Peter T. Pons, MD, FACEP, eds. Prehospital Trauma Life Support.

The external and internal abdominal obliques are attached to the ribs and pelvic bones, and support the internal organs. The Supraspinous ligament begins at the poll and ends at the croup (sacral vertebrae). It supports the head and neck, and its traction force aids in supporting the weaker thoracic and lumbar areas. It spreads out and attaches to the spines of the cervical vertebrae.

Heyerdahl and his comrades, however found stone parts which had fallen down from former fillings which convinced him that on same place, there must also have been a pre-buddhist sacral building. They also discovered two more, but much smaller, mounds nearby. The smallest one seemed to have been unknown to the islanders in 1982.Heyerdahl, Fua Mulaku (German version, Bertelsmann 1986). pp. 50ff.

In the first reading (, aliyah), God instructed the Israelites to bring Moses clear olive oil, so that Aaron and his descendants as High Priest could kindle lamps regularly in the Tabernacle. God instructed Moses to make sacral vestments for Aaron: a breastpiece (the Hoshen), the Ephod, a robe, a gold frontlet inscribed "holy to the Lord," a fringed tunic, a headdress, a sash, and linen breeches.

Phanerosaurus is an extinct genus of diadectid reptiliomorph from the Early Permian of Germany. Fossils are known from the Leukersdorf Formation near Zwickau. German paleontologist Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer named the type species P. naumanni in 1860 on the basis of several sacral and presacral vertebrae. A second species, P. pungnax, was named in 1882 but placed in its own genus Stephanospondylus in 1905.

The fortress was active during the later Roman, Byzantine, medieval Serbian and Ottoman periods. The Roman remains include the parts of a rampart, which was dug into the remains of the old, 14th century BC fortification. The object is decorated with frescoes and a mosaic and probably was port of a sacral complex. An ebony tablet, with the visible inscription reddeta ("return gift"), is also discovered.

Two vertebrae are associated with the sacrum in Teleocrater; there are three such vertebrae in Nyasasaurus. The ribs associated with the latter sacral vertebra bear processes that project backward and outward, which is only otherwise seen in Yarasuchus, Spondylosoma, and members of the dinosauriforms. There were no bony osteoderms preserved in association with the specimen, which indicates that Teleocrater probably lacked osteoderms, unlike pseudosuchians.

Remains of this rectangular building survive at the base of the medieval bergfried. What purpose this building served is unknown, but according to the positions mentioned above, the Äskulapstein is an argument in favour of a sacral purpose. But since the stone is clearly older than the building remains, this is not very strong evidence. Another theory sees the remains as a Roman watchtower.

These distal caudal vertebrae also lack transverse processes and neural spines, and therefore tend to be longer than they are wide; the reverse is true for proximal caudal vertebrae. Derived ankylosaurids possess a fusion of posterior dorsal, sacral, and sometimes anterior caudal vertebrae, which forms a singular structure called a “synsacrum complex”. There is a complete fusion between centra, neural arches, zygapophyses, and sometimes neural spines.

The cauda equina forms as a result of the fact that the spinal cord stops growing in length at about age four, even though the vertebral column continues to lengthen until adulthood. This results in the fact that sacral spinal nerves actually originate in the upper lumbar region. The spinal cord can be anatomically divided into 31 spinal segments based on the origins of the spinal nerves.

All the neural spines are tall, and the centra are occasionally transversely narrow. The neural canal of the vertebrae is unique among sauropods however. Starting from the very end of the first vertebra, and extending to almost the end of the third there is an enlargement of the canal, forming a well-defined cavity. Even though the sacrum itself is distinguishing, its sacral ribs resemble Camarasaurus.

The holotype skeleton of Titanoceratops consists of a partial skull with jaws, syncervical, cervical, dorsal, and sacral vertebrae, caudal certebrae, ribs, humeri, a right radius, femora, tibiae, a right fibula, both ilia, both ischia, and ossified tendons. In total, the amount of material assigned to Titanoceratops means it is quite well known, along with genera like Triceratops, Vagaceratops, Pentaceratops, Chasmosaurus, Centrosaurus, Styracosaurus, and Anchiceratops.

A pupil of Cornelius Maximus, Trebatius played a key part in the transfer of legal authority from the senate to individual jurisconsults under the Principate. A Bauman, Lawyers in Roman Transitional Politics (1985) p. 2 An expert on sacral law, A Bauman, Lawyers in Roman Transitional Politics (1985) p.123 Trebatius' writings included a de religionibus and de iure civili, but not even excerpts of these survive.

Further problem was caused by the slow and uncertain construction of the, also monumentally planned, Church of Saint Sava, which drained the largest funds, postponing the construction of other planned sacral objects. Additionally, the old Metropolis building was in bad shape anyway so it got a priority and was to serve as the temporary seat of the church until the project on Savinac is finished.

Warsaw's skyline in 2020 This is a list of the tallest buildings in Poland. Buildings are ranked according to their architectural height. For other structures located in Poland see the list of tallest structures in Poland. The first non-sacral high-rise buildings in Poland started to be constructed in Warsaw, Katowice, Łódź and Wrocław (then German Breslau) in the first half of the 20th century.

There is a boss present on the lower outer side of the ischium shaft with a rough surface. The underside of the second sacral vertebra has an angular longitudinal keel. A ridge on the upper side of the third metatarsal connected to a groove in the side of the second metatarsal. The middle of the front edge of the scapula forms a thin crest.

A 40-year-old woman presenting with cauda equina syndrome and ascending meningitis. The meningocele was removed using an anterior abdominal approach. A sigmoid resection was performed with rectal on-table antegrade lavage followed by closure of the rectal fistula, closure of the rectal stump, and proximal colostomy. Closure of the sacral deficit was carried out by suturing a strip of well-vascularized omentum and fibrin glue.

There is double-headed rib articulation in the cervical region and single- headed articulation in the dorsal area, which gave the estimated number of cervical vertebrae at least 13. Sacral and caudal ribs are all significantly shorter than the dorsal ribs and have holocephalous heads. Among known specimens, the maximum length of the femur is 13.8 cm (5.4 inches). The distal tarsals have different sizes.

The vertebrae in the neck region are tightly bonded together. The ribs start at the twelfth vertebra, which supports the ilium. The tail consists of 8 vertebrae of different size and shape. The first one is in contact with the sacral ribs, three vertebrae at the far end of the tail are tiny in size, and the other four vertebrae form the middle of the tail.

The front of the articulation with the pubis reaches further than the process, like Turfanosuchus, Euparkeria, Saurosuchus, Postosuchus, and Lagerpeton. Meanwhile, the rear process is long, like Turfanosuchus and Postosuchus. There is a shelf along the bottom of this process, most similar to those of Terrestrisuchus, Dromicosuchus, and Marasuchus. The sacral ribs articulate at this shelf, unlike Turfanosuchus where the shelf is located above.

In 1606 the monastery is mentioned as župa (parish). In 1783 the monastery was disbanded and the property was sold out to Johann Weikhard from Auersperg noble family. The tombstone with Glagolitic inscription of Kožljak lord Martin Moysevich (1492), which was in the monastery, was relocated to castle chapel in Belaj. In the hamlet Kloštar was sacral, while in Purgarija profane part of Čepić.

Anatosuchus has a proatlas vertebra, eight cervical vertebrae and probably 16 dorsal vertebrae, though only 15 are preserved. There are also two sacral vertebrae. The dorsal vertebrae are amphicoelous, while the cervical centra lack hypapophyses. The proatlas is an inverted V-shaped piece of bone with a dorsal keel and is quite large relative to the atlas, which is made up of two separate neural arches.

There are two hotels in the town center. The Church of Good Creek is a preserved building of traditional sacral architecture. Several historical monuments from the World Wars include the ones at Stolice, Mačkov kamen and Cer mountain. The monastery of Tronoša and the ethno-park in nearby Tršić preserve the memory of Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, a 19th-century reformer of the Serbian language.

It is also a place where various exhibitions take place. The Philharmonic annually organises Bronisław Huberman International Violin Festival, Reszek Vocal Competition, Festival of Traditional Jazz "Hot Jazz Spring". The Philharmonic also engages in organising the "Night of Culture", the International Festival of Sacral Music "Gaude Mater" and the Bach Family Music Festival. Music education is also an important part of the Philharmonic's activity.

The final 2% is associated with some type of disease that requires removal of the device and puts the patient at great risk. Two major studies have been associated with issues in root stimulators. One twenty-nine-year-old male cervical spinal cord injury patient had severe complications with a sacral anterior root stimulator. The patient received the implant due to a traffic collision in 1978.

Borchert terms this process the "Romantic sacralization of the arts". A new cult of the sacral art masterpiece arose, endorsed by the German Romantics. This view suffered a setback during the famous controversy known as the "Holbein-Streit" (Holbein dispute) in the 1870s. It emerged that the revered Meyer Madonna at Dresden was a copy, and that the little-known version at Darmstadt was the Holbein original.

The city was in its heyday in the first half of the 3rd millennium BC. Residential and economic quarters, as well as official and sacral buildings, date to this period. The finds from the Akkadian period are fewer and include whole vessels and architectural remains. Traces of settlement dating to the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC were found only in some parts of the site.

This area controls the everyday function of the pelvic floor, urethral sphincter, bladder and bowel. By stimulating the sacral nerve (located in the lower back), a signal is sent that manipulates a contraction within the pelvic floor. Over time these contractions rebuild the strength of the organs and muscles within it. This effectively alleviates all symptoms of urinary/faecal disorders, and in many cases eliminates them completely.

The procedure has low level of invasiveness, as all incisions are relatively small. A pulse generator is implanted in a subcutaneous pocket in the upper, outer quadrant of the buttock or even the lower abdomen. The generator is attached to a thin lead wire with a small electrode tip which is anchored near the sacral nerve. The most common postoperative complaints are pain and lead migration.

It consists of a partial skeleton with skull. It contains the lower side of the skull, a left postorbital, the lower jaws, the last sacral vertebra connected to the two front tail vertebrae, a series of seven front or middle tail vertebrae, chevrons, the right shoulder joint with a piece of the humerus, the pelvis, both thighbones and the left foot. It represents a juvenile individual.

Adult males measure and adult females in snout–vent length. The dorsum is grey to brown and has darker markings that sometimes are just discernible. The pattern involves a broad interorbital bar, a series of dark blotches in the shoulder region that usually form a forward-pointing triangle, and irregular blotches in the sacral region. Often both back and limbs have irregularly scattered white spots.

Dromedary heart The cranium of the dromedary consists of a postorbital bar, a tympanic bulla filled with spongiosa, a well-defined sagittal crest, a long facial part and an indented nasal bone. Typically, there are eight sternal and four non-sternal pairs of ribs. The spinal cord is nearly long; it terminates in the second and third sacral vertebra. The fibula is reduced to a malleolar bone.

Y. youngi is found later in the fossil record, hailing from the Middle Jurassic. The holotype specimen CXMVZA 185 consists of ten cervical vertebrae, fourteen dorsal vertebrae, three fused sacral vertebrae, seventeen caudal vertebrae, both pubic bones, both ischia, and the right illium. The skull of this species is not known.Lu, J., Li, T., Zhong, S., Azuma, Y., Fujita, M., Dong, Z., and Ji, Q. (2007).

It was built in 1587–1598 by Bernardo Morando. It is 45 metres long and 30 metres wide; the Cathedral constitutes one of the most impressive sacral buildings in Poland. Full of numerous side chapels, thin pillars and a fine vaulted presbytery, it prides itself in original interior decor and rich Renaissance decorations, an 18th-century Rococo tabernacle and many paintings of Italian and Polish painters.

The front teeth, including the first maxillary teeth, do not have serrations. Teeth in the middle of the dentary are more strongly recurved and possess serrated rear edges. At the rear of the dentary, the teeth are short and stout with serrations on both, mesial and distal, edges. Caihong probably has ten neck vertebrae, thirteen back vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae and twenty-sic tail vertebrae.

An eminence refers to a relatively small projection or bump, particularly of bone, such as the medial eminence. A process refers to a relatively large projection or prominent bump, as does a promontory such as the sacral promontory. Both tubercle and tuberosity refer to a projection or bump with a roughened surface, with a "tubercle" generally smaller than a "tuberosity". These terms are derived from Tuber ().

Ahmed S.A., Amin A.E., Adam S.E., Hapke H.J. By toxic effects of the dried leaves and stem of Capparis tomentosa on Nubian goats. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1993 May;100(5):192-4. Signs of Capparis poisoning in the sheep and calves were; weakness of the hind limbs, staggering, swaying, flexion of the fetlock and phalangeal joints, pain in the sacral region, inappetence and recumbency.

The German historian Karl Hauck argues that the oral tradition of Hadugato that Widukind records contains a display of sacral kingship, with Hadugato being worshiped as a god. He qualifies the worship of such battlefield leaders as a "temporary" deification. He also sees pagan significance (an autumn festival) in the date.Karl Hauck, "Lebensnormen und Kultmythen in germanischen Stammes- und Herrschergenealogien", Saeculum 6 (1955), pp.

In theropods, the head and neck are greatly pneumatized, and the forearms are reduced. This would help reduce the mass further away from the center of balance. This adjustment to the center of mass would allow the animal to reduce its rotational inertia, thereby increasing its agility. The sacral pneumaticity would lower its center of mass to a more ventral position, allowing it more stabilization.

In the case of Tamar, the Biblical text, 'When Judah saw her, he thought her to be a harlot; because she had covered her face' indicates customary, if not sacral, use of the face veil to accentuate rather than disguise sexuality. The Afghan chadaree style of burqa has been worn by Pashtun women since pre-Islamic times and was historically seen as a mark of respectability.

Cervical and sacral vertebrae are not known, only dorsal and caudal. The dorsal vertebrae have round centra which narrow noticeably towards the centre of the bone, and are deeply amphicoelous. They lack a keel, but have a deep excavation in the floor of the neural canal. Neural arches are around 15 mm tall, with narrow pillars supporting the zygapophyses, and are attached by broad flat facets.

Juozapas Čepėnas (1880–1976) was pastor of Anykščiai from 1938 to 1945. During that time he protested the Holocaust and Nazi occupation of Lithuania. Monsignor Albertas Talačka (1921–1999), former pastor of Anykščiai Church, bequeathed his private library of over 4,000 books and art collection to the town and parish of Anykščiai. The art collection is on permanent displayed of Center of Sacral Art in Anykščiai.

However, he protests against easy experimentation, where innovation becomes a mask for a total lack of content. This conscious turn away from his colleagues and the bulk of his audience has perhaps reached its climax with the current phase of Hamelink's work. Since Sacrale komedie ("Sacral Comedy") his work has become highly allusive. Personal and "general" history fuse in ever more rigidly constructed poems.cf.

When seen from the bottom surface, a ridge-like structure is located at the center as in Bactrosaurus, Claosaurus or Iguanodon. The neural canal—where the spinal cord passes through—is very large and expanded to the bottom. The four fused neural spines form a compact element, having very thickened and relatively elongated spines. The last sacral element is represented by four fused centra.

In some genera such as Anhanguera, four to seven sacral vertebrae are fused into a synsacrum. The tail is not well-known in ornithocheiromorphs, however. Zhenyuanopterus, which is known for having 13 caudal vertebrae, formed one of the longest tails of any pterodactyloid. Anhanguera, another well-known genus, had a shorter tail, with broad caudal vertebrae that bore a "duplex" cross- section similar to Pteranodon.

This structure is very similar to that of the later Protoceratops. Graciliceratops is recognised by the fragile frill and characteristic tibial-femoral ratio (1.2:1); the frill is also briefly elongated with well developed squamosal processes. Seven sacral vertebrae were identified and not fused. The scapula is very gracile in constitution but thicker at the glenoid, with a relatively large coracoid; the humerus is also very slender.

His first solo exhibition was held in 1917. In the 1920s he painted Christian subjects, including the altarpieces for the churches in Cesvaine (1924), Jumprava (1926) and Vecsaule (1927). His focus on sacral painting developed into an interest in Latvian mythology, idealism and an ambition to connect art to folk culture and nature. He studied the symbols of Latvian ornamentation and incorporated this in his art.

The lumbar arteries are arteries located in the lower back or lumbar region. The lumbar arteries are in parallel with the intercostals. They are usually four in number on either side, and arise from the back of the aorta, opposite the bodies of the upper four lumbar vertebrae. A fifth pair, small in size, is occasionally present: they arise from the middle sacral artery.

Langley stated that his choice of autonomic was not intended to imply a special degree of independence for the cells at hand, but rather to demarcate a clear departure from previous nomenclature because his hypothesis, while incorporating much previous research, was largely distinct from his predecessors. Langley rejected that the sympathetic nerves possessed a particular relationship to the 'sympathies,' and aptly pointed out that the presence of ganglial nerves in both the spinal cord and cranium made the 'ganglionic' connections of the peripheral nerves a pointless, if not misleading, term. Instead, he noted that the sympathetic neurons that innervated the entire body tended to have opposing functions to the other autonomic neurons of the tectal and bulbo-sacral regions. The latter two, tectal and bulbo-sacral, were grouped together to form the parasympathetic system because they tended to respond in a like manner to various drugs.

Dorosuchus was considered to be a relative of euparkeriid Euparkeria in the features in the limbs and pelvic girdle. Most specimens are known from a single block of siltstone from a location known as the Berdyanka I locality by Berdyanka River. Limb and hip elements, sacral and caudal vertebrae, and a braincase are preserved in the block and represent four individuals. A partial illium is known from another locality.

The agency obtained the hospital records and a report from Dr. Morales. The report set forth no physical findings or laboratory studies, but the doctor again gave as his diagnosis: "Back sprain - lumbo-sacral spine," this time "moderately severe," with "Ruptured disk not ruled out." The agency arranged for a medical examination, at no cost to the patient, by Dr. John H. Langston, an orthopedic surgeon. This was done May 25.

Lesions affecting sacral segments or peripheral autonomic fibres result in atonic bladder with loss of sphincteric coordination. This results in loss of detrusor contraction, difficulty in initiating micturition and overflow incontinence. Anticholinergic side effects of certain medications (for example, certain antipsychotics and antidepressants) may cause urinary retention which may lead to overflow incontinence. Alpha-adrenergic agonists may cause urinary retention by stimulating the contraction of the urethral sphincter.

The spasticity occurs when the afferent pathways in the brain are compromised and the communication between the brain to the motor fibers is lost. When the inhibitory signals to deactivate the stretch reflex is lost the muscle remains in a constantly contracted state. With spastic hemiplegia, one upper extremity and one lower extremity is affected, so cervical, lumbar and sacral segments of the spinal column can be affected.

Godefroit assumed Pinacosaurus differed from other species in having three or four segments instead of the usual six, but Arbour concluded that the normal number was in fact present. The sides of the rump and the tail were occupied by moderately long, flat, recurved, triangular spikes. Parallel rows of smaller oval keeled osteoderms were present on the back. A continuous "sacral shield" on the hip, made of fused plates, is absent.

Paralititan represents the first tetrapod reported from the Bahariya Formation since Romer's publication of 1935.alt=The holotype specimen of Paralititan, CGM 81119, was found in a layer of the Bahariya Formation, dating from the Cenomanian. It consists of a partial skeleton lacking the skull. It is incomplete, apart from bone fragments containing two fused posterior sacral vertebrae, two anterior caudal vertebrae, both incomplete scapulae, two humeri and a metacarpal.

Apart from nature, the Park and its vicinity has a lot more to offer. There are several important architectural relics, most of which of sacral character. The most precious is the Benedictine Holy Cross Abbey from the first half of the 12th century, located on the peak of Łysa Góra. It is probable that here the oldest example of Polish writing was created - Kazania Świętoktrzyskie (Holy Cross Sermons).

Yuanmousaurus was estimated to be approximately 17 meters (56 ft) in length. The skull is missing, while the neck is known only from a fragment of a posterior cervical vertebra. This fragment indicates elongated neck vertebrae, similar to those of mamenchisaurid sauropods, but unlike the much shorter neck vertebrae of the more basal Shunosaurus. From the trunk and tail, nine dorsal, three sacral and seven caudal vertebrae were found.

Docodontans were likely burrowing creatures and had a sprawling gait, and Castorocauda may have also used its arms for rowing, similar to the platypus. There are traces of soft tissue between the toes, suggesting webbed hind feet. It likely also had claws, and the holotype shows a spur on the hind ankle, which, in male platypuses, is venomous. Castorocauda likely had 14 thoracic, 7 lumbar, 3 sacral and 25 tail vertebrae.

The cathedral was closed, and its building was used for storing plundered sacral art. Officially, the Armenian Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv still exists, but it has remained vacant since 1938. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, a handful of Armenian Catholic families attempted to reestablish the parish. Also the Armenians who came to Lviv during the Soviet times, belonging to the Armenian Apostolic Church, sought to acquire the cathedral.

Dragotinci () is a settlement in the Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional Styria region. It is now included in the Mura Statistical Region.Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici municipal site The small village chapel was built in 1900 and redecorated in 1989 with an unusual iconography which apart from the conventional sacral images depicts the sun, the moon and even a piglet.

F9 is a standing wheelchair sport class used in the United States. It is sometimes referred to as Standing F8. This is a standing class for people with neurological disorders, the only one of the nine wheelchair sport classes for standing competitors. The level of spinal cord injury for this class is largely confined to the sacral region, or involves people who have incomplete lesions at a slightly higher level.

Kiril Kutlik (also spelled Cyril Kutlik; Křížlice, Habsburg Empire, 29 March 1869 - Belgrade, Serbia, 4 April 1900) was a Slovak painter, educator, illustrator and founder of the Serbian Drawing and Painting School, one of the first modern painting schools in Belgrade (1895). An advocate of historicism in the visual arts, he is primarily known for his Serbian folklife motifs from the genre, portrait, sacral and historical paintings an illustrating folk calendars.

In the second collection Het twueeste musyck boexken (also printed in 1551), there are five chansons by Carolus Souliaert: Een costerken op syn, Het soude een knecktken, Ick ghinck gisteravent, Ick truere/ Druck en verdriet and Wilt doch met maten. Susato also published one motet by Souliaert in the collection Liber secundus ecclesiasticarum (published in 1553). There are also a few sacral compositions by Souliaert preserved in manuscript.

Dramatic impression is produced by a chest for wheat made of headless icons. The unique attraction of the Museum is a rare icon of St. Nicholas carved in stone in the 12th century. The tradition of such icons comes from the Byzantine Empire and they were used in churches in Rus' up to the 16th century. The Museum holds nearly 5,000 items of Ukrainian sacral art from all around the country.

The Number of Man refers to the Book of Revelation, and its complex montage of sinister apparitions and skulls is deliberately obscure.Woods 2005, p. 29. Various late works are shamanistic and metaphysical, such as the sacral Wake for a Shuswap. This 1971 painting depicts a Secwepemc First Nations memorial taking place around a fire, the participants saturated in bright reds and blues, enveloped by the blackness of night.

The estimation of stature is only possible if there are complete long bones available There are two different techniques that can be used when estimating stature: anatomical and mathematical methods. The anatomical methods use all elements of the skeleton that contribute to height. These elements include the femur and tibia, the vertebral body heights, including the first sacral segment, talus and calcaneus, and the basion-bregma measurement of the skull.

The medieval republic organised itself into Parishes ("Kirchspiele") centered on churches. A Dithmarschen church was not just a sacral building; it was also the primary place for political meetings. Administration of spiritual and political matters was done by the same people in the same place, so little need for representative secular buildings arose. Political and religious life in Dithmarschen remained undivided until Schleswig-Holstein's integration into Prussia in 1867.

The lateral spinothalamic tract conveys pain and temperature. In the spinal cord, the spinothalamic tract has somatotopic organization. This is the segmental organization of its cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral components, which is arranged from most medial to most lateral respectively. The pathway crosses over (decussates) at the level of the spinal cord, rather than in the brainstem like the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway and lateral corticospinal tract.

It was Rottmayr's first sacral dome fresco and shows the Coronation of the Virgin by the Holy Trinity with the assistance of the Archangel Michael, as well as other saints, angels, prophets, the ten holy popes, and the Church patriarch. The fresco sums up the Christian salvation and church history impressively together. The figures are grouped in concentrically arranged cloud banks. At the top lantern a Holy Spirit dove is present.

The lumbar nerves are five spinal nerves which arise from either side of the spinal cord below the thoracic spinal cord and above the sacral spinal cord. They arise from the spinal cord between each pair of lumbar spinal vertebrae and travel through the intervertebral foramina. The nerves then split into an anterior branch, which travels forward, and a posterior branch, which travels backwards and supplies the area of the back.

On the upper section of the front façade, in the niche above the portal, there is a large, elongated mosaic representing John the Baptist. It was made on the draft by the painter Vladimir Predojević. When finished, the building was praised, both by public and the press, which described it as an "imposing, magnificent edifice" and that its "simplified Neo-Byzantine style fits into the sacral area of Belgrade".

Serbia's modern sacral architecture got its main impetus from the dynastic burial church in Oplenac which was commisiond by the Karađorđeviċ dynastie 1909.Aleksandar Kadijević: Byzantine architecture as inspiration for serbian new age architects. Katalog der SANU anlässlich des Byzantinologischen Weltkongresses 2016 und der Begleitausstellung in der Galerie der Wissenschaften und Technik in der Serbischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste. Serbian Committee for Byzantine Studies, Belgrade 2016, , S. 87.

Serbian Committee for Byzantine Studies, Belgrade 2016, , S. 62. Its main proponents were Aleksander Deroko, Momir Korunović, Branko Kristić, Grigorijji Samojlov and Nikola Krasnov (Никола́й Петро́вич Красно́в). Their main contribution were the royal castles on Dedinje, the Church of Saint Sava, St. Marks church (Belgrade). After the communist era ended Mihailo Mitrović and Nebojša Popović were proponents of new tendencies in sacral architecture which used classic examples in the Byzantine tradition.

Skeletal restoration The holotype specimen of Jianchangosaurus 41HIII-0308A is a nearly complete skeleton of a single juvenile individual, missing only the distal portion of the tail. Jianchangosaurus was estimated to have been tall at the hips and approximately long. Gregory S. Paul estimated the weight of the holotype specimen around . Five sacral vertebrae are present in this genus, a condition that is similar to that of other basal therizinosaurs.

Nerve tissue that runs to the uterus is interrupted at the sacral promontory; a point at which spine and tailbones meet. This is the best area to access and obtain a clear view of the nerves in the uterus. Proper precautions must be taken as to avoid unnecessary complications with the major blood vessels surrounding the uterus. Some of the complications post-operation include urinary retention, as well as constipation.

Ima Hartmann-Rochelle: Bernd Hartmann sculpture in Rheda-Wiedenbrück Bernd Hartmann (11 October 1905 in Wiedenbrück – 28 October 1972 in Rheda- Wiedenbrück), aliases Bernd Hartmann-Wiedenbrück and Bernd Hartmann-Lintel, was an academic sculptor and sacral artist. He belonged to the Wiedenbrücker Schule school of arts. Hartmann came from a family of artists. His father Heinrich Hartmann (1868–1937) and his brother Hubert Hartmann (1915–2006) were also sculptors.

Jagodin Mala is one of the oldest neighborhoods of Niš, dating back to Roman ages. The neighbourhood lies on top of an important archaeological site. Ruins of several early Christian sacral objects have been uncovered, most famous one is Early Byzantine Tomb with Frescoes, Monuments of Culture of Exceptional Importance. During Ottoman rule, the neighborhood was situated where an important road to Jagodina entered the city, hence the name "Jagodina".

There are no "tables" on the neural spines either, unlike Turfanosuchus, Erpetosuchus, Parringtonia, aetosaurs, Nundasuchus, and Ticinosuchus. Like Turfanosuchus, Parringtonia, and Nundasuchus, the prezygapophyses are located at the same level as the top of the front of some of the centra. Some of the sideways-projecting transverse processes have somewhat deep cavities underneath, like Turfanosuchus, but they are more poorly developed than Nundasuchus, Batrachotomus, or Stagonosuchus. Two sacral vertebrae are known.

B. isis hind limb A individual of B. isis had hind limbs with fused tarsals and only three digits. The limited size of the limb and the absence of an articulation with the sacral vertebrae make a locomotory function unlikely. Analysis has shown that the reduced limbs could rapidly adduct between only two positions. Possible uses for the structure have been given, such as clasper-like body functions.

The somites lie immediately under the ectoderm on the lateral aspect of the neural tube and notochord, and are connected to the lateral mesoderm by the intermediate cell mass. Those of the trunk may be arranged in the following groups, viz.: cervical 8, thoracic 12, lumbar 5, sacral 5, and coccygeal from 5 to 8. Those of the occipital region of the head are usually described as being four in number.

Bošković described the historical and sacral monuments of Raška including Orthodox monasteries and royal palaces, and also commented on the "sad state" of the Roman Catholic Church in these lands under the Ottoman rule. After settling down in Dubrovnik, Nikola married a daughter of a local noble of Italian origin, Paola Bettera (Pavica Betera). The two had eight children, the second youngest, Ruđer Bošković (Roger Boscovich), being the most famous.

The presacral fascia lines the anterior aspect of the sacrum, enclosing the sacral vessels and nerves. It continues anteriorly as the pelvic parietal fascia, covering the entire pelvic cavity. The presacral fascia is limited postero-inferiorly, as it fuses with the mesorectal fascia, lying above the levator ani muscle, at the level of the anorectal junction. These two fascias have been erroneously confused, though they are in fact, separate anatomical entities.

There are twenty-six presacral vertebrae with some missing due to erosion. Around five of the anterior vertebrae could possibly be cervical and three sacral vertebrae are present in this specimen. Overall there are at least 70 caudal vertebrae making up its long slender tail, which is greater than any other 'pelycosaur'. The neural spines are shorter with a typical atlas bearing a posterior spine to pass to the zygapophyses.

Along with its sister genus Pachyrhachis, Haasiophis does not possess either a sacral rib or vertebrae. Also like Pachyrhachis there is no preserved indication of a connection between the vertebral column and the pelvic girdle. The pelvic girdle is partly obscured by overlaying bones reducing the detail which can be seen. Radiographs of the specimen reveal H. terrasanctus possessing a simple triradiate similar to that possessed by Pachyrhachis.

Sacral nerve stimulation offers an effective alternative treatment option for chronic anal fissure in patients who chose not to pursue more invasive surgical interventions. Anal fissure is a crack in the epithelium of the anus that causes anal pain and bleeding during or after defecation. The pathogenesis is not well understood and healthy people of all ages can be affected. The most common treatment of chronic anal fissure is surgical intervention.

TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) was patented and first used in 1974 for pain relief. TENS is non-invasive; it sends electric current through electrodes placed directly on the skin. Although predominantly carried out as a percutaneous procedure, it is possible to apply sacral nerve stimulation with the use of these external electrodes. It is not known if TENS helps with chronic pain in people with fibromyalgia or neuropathic pain.

HSVs may persist in a quiescent but persistent form known as latent infection, notably in neural ganglia. HSV-1 tends to reside in the trigeminal ganglia, while HSV-2 tends to reside in the sacral ganglia, but these are tendencies only, not fixed behavior. During latent infection of a cell, HSVs express latency-associated transcript (LAT) RNA. LAT regulates the host cell genome and interferes with natural cell death mechanisms.

The claw of the first finger to the contrary was very large and curved. The stub-like third metacarpal, which supported the calami of the feathers, was probably enclosed in the flesh of the hand. The formula of the finger phalanges was 2-3-4-0-0. Feet under laser fluorescence, showing scales and foot-pads The pelvis was connected to a sacrum formed by seven sacral vertebrae.

F9 is a standing wheelchair sport class used in the United States. It is sometimes referred to as Standing F8. This is a standing class for people with neurological disorders, the only one of the nine wheelchair sport classes for standing competitors. The level of spinal cord injury for this class is largely confined to the sacral region, or involves people who have incomplete lesions at a slightly higher level.

There are 12 ribs and 19 thoracolumbar (chest and abdomen), four sacral, and 36 to 38 caudal (tail) vertebrae. There are three digits at the tip of the penis, of which the central one is the largest. The two lateral digits are not supported by mounds of the baculum (penis bone). There is only one spine on the papilla (nipple-like projection) on the upper side of the penis.

Muscles and ligaments surround and attach to the SI joint in the front and back, primarily on the ilial or sacral surfaces. These can all be a source of pain and inflammation if the SI joint is dysfunctional. The sacroiliac joint is highly dependent on its strong ligamentous structure for support and stability. The most commonly disrupted and/or torn ligaments are the iliolumbar ligament and the posterior sacroiliac ligament.

Likewise, the sacral vertebrae could form a single synsacrum while the pelvic bones fused also. Basal pterosaurs include the clades Dimorphodontidae (Dimorphodon), Campylognathididae (Eudimorphodon, Campyognathoides), and Rhamphorhynchidae (Rhamphorhynchus, Scaphognathus). Pterodactyloids include the clades Ornithocheiroidea (Istiodactylus, Ornithocheirus, Pteranodon), Ctenochasmatoidea (Ctenochasma, Pterodactylus), Dsungaripteroidea (Germanodactylus, Dsungaripterus), and Azhdarchoidea (Tapejara, Tupuxuara, Quetzalcoatlus). The two groups overlapped in time, but the earliest pterosaurs in the fossil record are basal pterosaurs, and the latest pterosaurs are pterodactyloids.

About 90% of sciatica is due to a spinal disc herniation pressing on one of the lumbar or sacral nerve roots. Spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, piriformis syndrome, pelvic tumors, and pregnancy are other possible causes of sciatica. The straight-leg-raising test is often helpful in diagnosis. The test is positive if, when the leg is raised while a person is lying on their back, pain shoots below the knee.

The two tiny but well-formed hind legs of basilosaurids were probably used as claspers when mating. The pelvic bones associated with these hind limbs were not connected to the vertebral column as they were in protocetids. Essentially, any sacral vertebrae can no longer be clearly distinguished from the other vertebrae. Both basilosaurids and dorudontines are relatively closely related to modern cetaceans, which belong to parvorders Odontoceti and Mysticeti.

The sacral lord of Wehali, the Maromak Oan ("son of God") enjoyed a ritually passive role, and he kept the Liurai as the executive ruler of the land.Therik (2004) p. xvi-xvii. In the same way, the rulers of two other important princedoms, Sonbai in West Timor and Likusaen (Liquica) in East Timor, were often referred as Liurais, which indicated a symbolic tripartition of the island.Müller (1857) p.

If you count the coccyx and sacrum each as one vertebra, then there are 26 vertebrae. If the fused vertebrae are all counted separately, then the total number of vertebrae comes to between 32 and 34. The vertebral column consists of 5 parts. The most cranial (uppermost) part is made up by the cervical vertebrae (7), followed by thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5) and coccygeal vertebrae (4).

In 1998, Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola and Paul Barrett reexamined the material of Anoplosaurus curtonotus. They wrote that it all belonged to a "primitive" or basal member of the Nodosauridae, the lack of armor possibly due to the young age of the animal at death. The basal position would be indicated by the long tooth row and the low sacral vertebrae count. Seeley had never indicated a holotype among the syntype series.

Coombs, W.P., Jr. & T. Maryańska (1990), "Ankylosauria" in: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, & H. Osmólka (eds), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, pp. 456-483 Some believed it might actually be a specimen of another ankylosaur, Shamosaurus. However, in 2014 Victoria Megan Arbour discovered a clear unique trait, autapomorphy: the sacral or pelvic shield shows rosettes with a large central osteoderm surrounded by a single ring of smaller scutes.

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World. This cranial kinesis would have dampened forces on the bones of the skull and allowed allosaurids to open their mouths to very large angles. Allosaurids have 28 precaudal vertebrae (9 cervical, 14 dorsal, 5 sacral) and an estimated 45-50 caudal vertebrae. Gastralia and ferculae are rarely preserved as fossils but are presumed to occur in all allosauridsChure, Daniel J.; Madsen, James (1996).

The rami communicantes contain autonomic nerves that serve visceral functions carrying visceral motor and sensory information to and from the visceral organs. Some anterior rami merge with adjacent anterior rami to form a nerve plexus, a network of interconnecting nerves. Nerves emerging from a plexus contain fibers from various spinal nerves, which are now carried together to some target location. Major plexuses include the cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral plexuses.

The superior rectal artery is the continuation of the inferior mesenteric artery. It descends into the pelvis between the layers of the mesentery of the sigmoid colon, crossing the left common iliac artery and vein. It divides, opposite the third sacral vertebra into two branches, which descend one on either side of the rectum. About 10 or 12 cm from the anus, these branches break up into several small branches.

Sanping Chen, "Son of Heaven and Son of God: Interactions among Ancient Asiatic Cultures regarding Sacral Kingship and Theophoric Names", Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Third Series, Vol. 12, No. 3 (Nov., 2002), p. 295 For example, the Khitan Mofuhe Hechen who paid tribute to the Northern Wei at Datong in 466-470 and the Khitan Mofuhe Wuyu who fled from Goguryeo and the Rouran Khaganate in 479.

It can be difficult to discern whether such an act was intended to be a genuine sacrifice, or only to evoke a sacral aura of dread in the minds of observers and those to whom it would be reported.Overview of human sacrifice in Rome by J.S. Reid, "Human Sacrifices at Rome and Other Notes on Roman Religion," Journal of Roman Studies 2 (1912) 34–52, still cited frequently on the subject.

Among the Eolambia specimens found to date, the best-preserved sacrum includes seven vertebrae. Given that this individual is immature, and hadrosaurs increase their sacral vertebra count with age, adults may have had more sacrals. The caudal (tail) vertebrae are amphicoelous, having both the front and back ends being concave. They have pedestal-like prezygapophyses and tab- like postzygapophyses, the latter of which are separated by a depression.

Germanic kingship is a thesis regarding the role of kings among the pre- Christianized Germanic tribes of the Migration period (c. 300-700 AD) and Early Middle Ages (c. 700-1,000 AD). The thesis holds that the institution of feudal monarchy developed, through contact with the Roman Empire and the Christian Church, from an earlier custom of sacral and military kingship based on both birth status and popular consent.

Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 259–322. The skeleton has been presumed to have belonged to an almost mature individual. The absence of sutures between the neural arches and centra of cervical, dorsal, and caudal vertebrae suggests that the specimen was nearing sexual maturity, but the open sutures between the scapula and coracoid, and the ilium and some sacral ribs suggest that it had not reached full maturity.

The sauropod Huabeisaurus was excavated from Upper Cretaceous sediments of the province of Shanxi, in northeast China. The skeleton was recovered in the 1990s. The holotype of Huabeisaurus is a partially articulated individual composed of teeth, cervical, dorsal, sacral, and caudal vertebrae, ribs, complete pectoral and pelvic girdles, and nearly complete limbs. Due to its relative completeness, Huabeisaurus represents a significant taxon for understanding sauropod evolution in Asia.

It is unclear how many dorsal vertebrae Corythoraptor had because the specimen only preserves the first 6 vertebrae. The dorsal vertebrae are shorter than the neck vertebrae, but the 2nd and 3rd dorsal vertebrae have larger pleurocoels. The anterior articular surface is slightly concave, and the posterior articular surface nearly flat. Only the last 2 sacral vertebrae are preserved, and each are smooth, round, and bear a small pleurocoel.

The dimples of Venus (also known as back dimples, butt dimples or Veneral dimples) are sagittally symmetrical indentations sometimes visible on the human lower back, just superior to the gluteal cleft. They are directly superficial to the two sacroiliac joints, the sites where the sacrum attaches to the ilium of the pelvis. An imaginary line joining both dimples of Venus passes over the spinous process of the second sacral vertebra.

The test involves monitoring internal/external anal sphincter contraction in response to squeezing the glans penis or clitoris, or tugging on an indwelling Foley catheter. This reflex can also be tested electrophysiologically, by stimulating the penis or vulva and recording from the anal sphincter. This testing modality is used in intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring to verify the function of sensory and motor sacral roots as well as the conus medullaris.

University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Paper, 10(1), 1-41. The front limb is 135mm and the back limb is 165mm, giving the reptile a length ratio of almost 1x as long as the dorsal-sacral region. Petrolacosaurus also has a zeugopodium in both its front and hind limbs that is longer than the stylopodium. In aquatic reptile species, a shorter zeugopodium and longer stylopodium are characteristic in fins.

The cavities formed from the initial and secondary neuralation combine to form one uninterrupted cavity. There is still speculation on the formation of the caudal cell mass in humans with arguments being made for it arising from many cavities or the continuing growth of the neurocele from the initial neuralation. The caudal cell mass will ultimately differentiate and form into many sacral structures such various nerve endings and the conus medullaris.

Segments of Vertebrae Vertebrae take their names from the regions of the vertebral column that they occupy. There are thirty-three vertebrae in the human vertebral column—seven cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar vertebrae, five fused sacral vertebrae forming the sacrum and three to five coccygeal vertebrae, forming the coccyx. The regional vertebrae increase in size as they progress downwards but become smaller in the coccyx.

The holotype, MPC-D 100/203, was found in a layer of the Nemegt Formation (perhaps late Campanian - early Maastrichtian). It consists of a partial skeleton lacking the skull. It contains six back vertebrae, two sacral vertebrae, twenty-one tail vertebrae, five ribs, the left shoulder girdle, the left pubic bone, parts of other pelvic bones, the left hindlimb and the right shinbone. The left hindlimb and the tail were articulated.

Meanwhile, the claw of the third digit is the smallest. Daliansaurus has an ilium that is proportionally larger compared to the femur than either Sinornithoides or Mei. The two halves of the ilium are distinctly separated starting at the level of the third sacral, like Mei, albeit by a shorter distance. The bottom edge of the rear of the ilium is very concave, instead of being flat like Sinovenator.

Continuous firing of neurons causes over excitation and prevent the transmission of normal nerve impulses down the axon. The venom composition of this scorpion contains neurotoxins which is almost completely responsible for this symptom. The poison from this scorpion contain 4 components: chlorotoxin, charybdotoxin, scyllatoxin, and agitoxins. Upon injection with the venom, sacral parasympathetic nerve are stimulated causing a change in the neuronal transmission in vascular and nonvascular smooth muscles.

"Bayosaurus" is the informal name given to an as yet undescribed genus of dinosaur. The name was coined by paleontologists Rodolfo Coria, Philip J. Currie, and Paulina Carabajal in 2006. It apparently was an abelisauroid from the Turonian Cerro Lisandro Formation of Neuquén, Argentina, around long. The specimen is MCF- PVPH-237, including dorsal and sacral vertebrae, a fragmentary pelvis, and other partial bones, which were discovered in 2000.

It was not analyzed and provisionally considered to represent an indeterminate sauropod, until such time that it could be relocated in the collections of the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Only four out of the five sacral vertebrae are preserved. The total original length was in 1960 estimated at , compared to with B. altithorax. This would make it larger than any other sauropod sacrum ever found, except those of Argentinosaurus and Apatosaurus.

Until his retirement in 1997, Sarrias directed the work of the hospital, bringing it to national importance. Under his directorship, the Institute advanced the use of the "Barcelona technique" for the implantation of SARS (Sacral anterior roots electro stimulation). He developed a programme for the training of new specialists, and he supported the advancement of treatment for people with spinal cord injuries and related academic societies both in Spain and internationally.

The oldest preserved relics of musical culture in Croatia are sacral in nature and represented by Latin medieval liturgical chant manuscripts (approximately one hundred musical codices and fragments dating from the 11th to the 15th centuries have been preserved to date). They reveal a wealth of various influences and liturgical traditions that converged in this region (Dalmatian liturgy in Benevento script, Northern Gregorian chant, and original Glagolitic chant).

The last dorsal vertebra resembles those of the Ceratosauria in that the parapophysis, the lower rib joint process, extends beyond the diapophysis, the upper rib joint process. The vertebra is also clearly pneumatised but the succeeding sacral vertebrae of the sacrum are not. The first tail vertebra has a depression at the level of the probable ridge between the prezygapophysis and the parapophysis. This vertebra also has a straight chevron.

Fearnley was born on 23 March 1981 in the New South Wales town of Cowra as the youngest of five children. He was born with sacral agenesis; he is missing certain parts of his lower spine and all of his sacrum. At the time of his birth, doctors did not believe he would live longer than a week. He grew up in the small New South Wales town of Carcoar.

The first four words, from top to bottom, left to right, read "möngke ṭngri-yin küčündür" – "Under the power of the eternal heaven". The words "Tngri" (Tengri) and "zrlg" (zarlig) exhibit vowel-less archaism. Tengrism was the religion of the several medieval states: Göktürk Khaganate, Western Turkic Khaganate, Old Great Bulgaria, Danube Bulgaria, Volga Bulgaria, and Eastern Tourkia (Khazaria) Turkic beliefs contains the sacral book Irk Bitig from Uyghur Khaganate.

The mandible teeth are similar, with the first tooth being caniniform, and the remainder low and sub- triangular. Of the vertebrae, only the atlas bone (the first cervical vertebra) and the sacrum and tail vertebrae are preserved. The sacrum includes four vertebrae, which are not strongly fused and incomplete. On the ventral surface of the second sacral centrum is a length-wise ridge, with a groove along its midline.

The first hall is dedicated to Ukrainian art and is divided into three sections. The first one represents painting, carving and graphic arts in Galicia of the 17th century and sacral art from the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century. Here one can see original works of Ukrainian Baroque style of the middle 18th century: I.-G. Pinzel bas-reliefs, wooden plastic arts of A. Osynsky, ancient printed books.

Ruthenosaurus is diagnosed by several autapomorphies including dorsal vertebrae with anteriorly tilting neural spines and a diamond-shaped outline in transverse section; a first sacral rib with robust distal head, twice that of the second sacral rib; and a short iliac blade with prominent posterior process. It can be distinguished from Euromycter, from older deposits of the same locality, by the shape of the distal part of the humerus, including an ectepicondylar notch rather than a fully enclosed foramen, the specific shape of the ulna, and the overall robustness of the specimen. The lack of fusion of the neural arches with their respective vertebral centra and incomplete ossification of the ends of the limb elements, including the absence of an ossified olecranon on the ulna, show clearly that this specimen represents a juvenile individual. However, it is distinctly larger than the fully mature specimen of Euromycter, suggesting a very large size for adult Ruthenosaurus.

Chinchenia is known from at least 4 extremely fragmentary individuals all preserved and collected together. The lectotype of Chinchenia was chosen to be IVPP V3227, the front end of the left mandible, since that at the time of its original description, its type material was not specified. Other elements from its original description are considered to be paratypes and include the front part of a left lower jaw with 5 broken teeth, 11 neck, six lower back and one sacral vertebrae in various degrees of completeness, 8 unidentified neural arch fragments, many fragments of dorsal and sacral ribs including one proximal part of a left dorsal rib, two right scapulae one of which is very incomplete, two complete humeri, 5 incomplete humeri of which four are distal ends and one is proximal, two complete thigh bones, a proximal and a distal tibiae, and a fibula fragment. Other fragments of potentially coracoids, ilia, ischia, etc.

Leshansaurus was a medium-sized theropod that would have had a length of six to seven meters, and a hip height of about one and a half meters. Leshansaurus has an elongated skull that is broader towards the front. The femur has a length of 62 centimeters, and the tibia has a length of 52 centimeters. Its autapomorphies (unique characteristics) are the possession of a sharp central ridge on the supraoccipital (the bone above the occipital), elongated frontal bones that are 2.86 times as long as they are wide, slender basipterygoid projections on the basisphenoid, a bone of the lower braincase, an atlas intercentrum that is horseshoe-shaped in cross-section, slender diapophyses, thin spines of the dorsal vertebrae and sacral vertebrae, the possession of a clear keel at the bottom of the sacral vertebrae, and an ilium with on the inner side a distinct ridge along the edge of the hip joint.

Acherontisuchus is known from six specimens UF/IGM 34 through 39 (Hastings et al. 2011 noted these six specimens may represent only a single animal), including three partial lower jawbones, four fragments of the upper jaw, fragments of 21 teeth, two ribs, one upper backbone segment, one sacral vertebra (a bone that connects the hips to the rest of the spine), ribs that attach to the sacral vertebrae, a partial hip including the ilium and ischium bones, an upper leg bone, and one metatarsal foot bone. All Acherontisuchus specimens were collected from the Cerrejón Formation within the Cerrejón coal mine of northeastern Colombia and described in 2011 in Palaeontology journal by Alexander K. Hastings, Jonathan Bloch and Carlos A. Jaramillo. It is named after the river Acheron, which in Greek mythology was a branch of the river Styx meaning "river of woe" (Acherontisuchus is thought to have lived in a large river that emptied out into the Caribbean Sea during the Paleocene).

The sensory and motor innervation to the lower limb is supplied by the lumbosacral plexus, which is formed by the ventral rami of the lumbar and sacral spinal nerves with additional contributions from the subcostal nerve (T12) and coccygeal nerve (Co1). Based on distribution and topography, the lumbosacral plexus is subdivided into the lumbar plexus (T12-L4) and the Sacral plexus (L5-S4); the latter is often further subdivided into the sciatic and pudendal plexuses:Thieme Atlas of anatomy (2006), pp. 470–71 The lumbar plexus is formed lateral to the intervertebral foramina by the ventral rami of the first four lumbar spinal nerves (L1-L4), which all pass through psoas major. The larger branches of the plexus exit the muscle to pass sharply downward to reach the abdominal wall and the thigh (under the inguinal ligament); with the exception of the obturator nerve which pass through the lesser pelvis to reach the medial part of the thigh through the obturator foramen.

The five sacral vertebrae have not yet fused into a real sacrum. The tail vertebrae are platycoelous with low spines and backward slanting chevrons. There are at least twelve pairs of dorsal ribs; some displaced elements might represent a thirteenth pair. The third and fourth rib have expanded lower ends that in life probably were attached to cartilaginous sternal ribs, themselves connected to sterna that in the holotype specimen have not (yet) ossified.

This Greater Swiss Mountain Dog has strong, well-muscled shoulders; straight, strong forelegs; slightly sloping pasterns and well-rounded feet. The neck is of moderate length, strong, muscular and clean. The topline is level from the withers to the croup - the croup is the fused sacral vertebrae that form the roof of the pelvis and the first few vertebrae of the tail. The croup is long, broad and smoothly rounded to the tail insertion.

Museum of Mining and Gothic art in Leogang: Statue of a miner carrying a basket with semi-precious stones ( 1760-1780 ), by Simon Troger. The Mining and Gothic Museum (in German: Bergbau- & Gotikmuseum) in Leogang, Austria is dedicated to the documentation of late medieval sacral art in relation to the culture of mining. It possesses a collection of Gothic sculptures of the miners’ patron saints from the Alps region. This collection is unique throughout Europe.

Dronke notes that Þjóðólfr of Hvinir also plays on the term in his Haustlǫng, with "ginnunga vé". An alternative etymology links the ginn- prefix with that found in terms with a sacral meaning, such as ginn-heilagr, ginn- regin (both referring to the gods) and ginn-runa (referring to the runes), thus interpreting Ginnungagap as signifying a "magical (and creative) power- filled space".De Vries (1977:167); cf. also Dillmann (1998:118-123).

024 \- epilepsy \- and a great variety of deep-brain and skull base tumors (pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, arachnoid cysts, colloid cysts, cavernomas , hemangioblastomas, chordomas, epidermoids, gliomas, jugular schwannomas, aqueductal stenosis, stenosis of Monro foramen, hippocampal sclerosis). Not only brain, but also spine pathology such as cervical spine fractures, syringomyelia, and sacral nerve root neurinomas have been evaluated. For other uses of the Dextroscope in neurosurgery refer to Shen, M., Zhang, X.-L., Yang, D.-L.

They also have a reduced tabular, a slit-like interpterygoid vacuity, three sacral vertebrae, and a screw-shape jaw. The genus has many features indicating its herbivorous behavior: the division of the external adductor muscles in the jaw into two separate components, the medial and lateral side, as well as using a propalinal jaw movement while feeding on plant material.King, G. M. (1994). The early anomodont Venjukovia and the evolution of the anomodont skull.

On the pelvis, the anterior process of the ischium is spur-like. Most of the spinal column of Simosuchus is known. There are eight cervical vertebrae in the neck, at least fifteen dorsal vertebrae in the back, two sacral vertebrae at the hip, and no more than twenty caudal vertebrae in the tail. The number of vertebrae in the tail is less than that of most crocodyliforms, giving Simosuchus a very short tail.

MRI of an abscess causing cauda equina syndrome. Examination for pain sensation, by pinprick, shows leg (lumbar nerves) analgesia with perineal (sacral nerves) escape. The maintenance of perineal sensation with absence of pain sensation over the lumbar nerve roots is typical for an extra-medullary and intra-thecal (outside the cord and within the dural sheath) process. Inability to walk, with this unusual sensory examination completes a triad of signs and usually represents spinal tuberculosis.

These are divided by a ridge but are otherwise still very simple in structure, compared with the extremely complex ridge systems typically shown by adult derived sauropods. Its dorsal vertebrae still completely lack these. Two traits are not so obviously linked to ontogeny. The neural spines of the rear dorsal vertebrae and the front sacral vertebrae are extremely compressed transversely, being eight times longer from front to rear than wide from side to side.

The dorsolateral stripes of S. nicholsi converge to make a dark-edged U- or Y-shaped pattern in the sacral (pelvic) region. The majority of S. nicholsi have a pattern on the scapular (shoulder) region consisting of two small pale dots encompassed by small regions of black. The big-scaled least gecko is significantly larger than the Virgin Islands dwarf sphaero, measuring from snout to vent. It also has larger, coarser scales.

Political History of Early Sumer (XXVIII–XXVI century BC.) The ensis of Lagash would sometimes refer to the city's patron deity, Ningirsu, as their lugal ("master"). All of the above is connected to the possibly priestly or sacral character of the titles ensiGlassner, Jean-Jacques, 2000: Les petits etats Mésopotamiens à la fin du 4e et au cours du 3e millénaire. In: Hansen, Mogens Herman (ed.) A Comparative Study of Thirty City-State Cultures.

It is very delicate and it is tightly associated with the surface of the spinal cord. The cord is stabilized within the dura mater by the connecting denticulate ligaments, which extend from the enveloping pia mater laterally between the dorsal and ventral roots. The dural sac ends at the vertebral level of the second sacral vertebra. In cross-section, the peripheral region of the cord contains neuronal white matter tracts containing sensory and motor neurons.

In the fetus, vertebral segments correspond with spinal cord segments. However, because the vertebral column grows longer than the spinal cord, spinal cord segments do not correspond to vertebral segments in the adult, particularly in the lower spinal cord. For example, lumbar and sacral spinal cord segments are found between vertebral levels T9 and L2, and the spinal cord ends around the L1/L2 vertebral level, forming a structure known as the conus medullaris.

1, Prishtinë, Akademia e Shkencave dhe e Arteve e Kosovës, 2006, Pg. 198, . Entrance of the Monastery of Gracanica. Below we will see some of the settlements and fortresses in Kosovo. Being that this is an archaeological article, we excluded the sacral monuments, but it would be interesting to study them as well, considering their age and continuous use, since the very first days of Christianity until today, through different creeds and nationalities.

In 1871 he assumed a position as Building Inspector in Copenhagen and remained in this position until 1889. He designed a number of churches as well as various other sacral buildings, including St. Stephen's Church (Sankt Stefans Kirke) in Copenhagen's Nørrebro district. He was also responsible for the restoration of the Reformed Church and the Garrison Church in Copenhagen. He became Knight of in the Order of the Dannebrog 1887 and titular professor 1900.

Vertebral column Nankangia is distinguished from all other oviraptorosaurians based on a combination of traits, some of which are autapomorphic (i.e. unique). On the ventral surface near the base of the transverse process of the dorsal vertebrae two infradiapophyseal fossae are present. The sacral vertebrae bear slit-like pneumatic fossae. The neural spines of the anterior caudal vertebrae are wider transversely than anteroposteriorly, forming a large posterior fossa with a rugose central area.

The only known Jianchangosaurus skeleton is that of a juvenile individual. The morphological evidence supporting ontogenetic immaturity consists of the observation that the neurocentral sutures are open (i.e. not fused) in all of the cervical and dorsal vertebrae, as well as in the cervical ribs and in the sacral centra. The scapula and coracoid are also unfused, which the authors indicate may be an ontogenetic feature in Jianchangosaurus also suggesting that is a juvenile.

A dermatome is an area of skin that is mainly supplied by afferent nerve fibres from the dorsal root of any given spinal nerve. There are 8 cervical nerves (C1 being an exception with no dermatome), 12 thoracic nerves, 5 lumbar nerves and 5 sacral nerves. Each of these nerves relays sensation (including pain) from a particular region of skin to the brain. A dermatome also refers to the part of an embryonic somite.

One of the more intriguing finds was that of a heap of pottery outside the city wall before the advent of the Israelite culture (c. 1000 BCE). This pile of pottery was the remnant of a number of animal sacrifices, which were tossed over the wall after completion of the ritual and then buried. This find points to a sacral status of Shiloh during the Canaanite period, a status adopted by the Israelites.

The management of Currarino syndrome is similar to the usual management of anorectal malformation (ARM) regarding the surgical approach and probably the prognosis that mainly depends on degree of associated sacral dysplasia. The cooperation between pediatric surgeons and neurosurgeons is crucial. The follow-up of these patients should be done in a spina bifida clinic. Neurosurgeons are involved in the surgical treatment of anterior meningoceles, which are often associated with this condition.

Ranger was born in Tyrol. He entered the Pauline monastic order as a child. He started to paint very early and in its artistic workshops in northern Italy and southern Germany. Because the Paulist order paid particular attention to artistic and cultural activities within the order, he remained in Croatia from his twenties until his death at Lepoglava, decorating sacral interiors and producing one of the most remarkable Baroque opuses of Central European mural painting.

In spinal cord injuries above T6, neurogenic shock may occur, from the loss of autonomic innervation from the brain. Parasympathetic is preserved but the synergy between sympathetic and parasympathetic system is lost in cervical and high thoracic SCI lesions. Sacral parasympathetic loss may be encountered in lesions below T6 or T7. Cervical lesions cause total loss of sympathetic innervation and lead to vasovagal hypotension and bradyarrhythmias – which resolve in 3–6 weeks.

The book electrode consists of a silicone rubber block with slots. Each slot contains three platinum foils which function as electrodes, anode electrodes and one cathode. The spinal roots of the nerve are placed into these slots and the slots are then covered with a flap made of silicone and fixed with silicone glue. This electrode is mostly used to interrupt reflex circuits of the dorsal sacral roots and to control bladder function.

C. broilii based on the lack of any expansion of the proximal tibial head. Postcranial anatomy of C. broilii was first noted by Williston and he observed that the first two sacral ribs were the same size and that the ilium featured a greatly expanded anterior process and only a moderately expanded posterior one. The cervical were shorter, the dorsal ribs enclosed an enormous torso. The caudal were long and the tail tapered gradually.

A permanent court theater with an orchestra was established by Władysław IV at the Royal Castle in Warsaw in 1637; the actor troupe, dominated by Italians, performed primarily Italian opera and ballet repertoire. Music, both sacral and secular, kept developing during the Baroque period. High quality church pipe organs were built in churches from the 17th century; a fine specimen has been preserved in Leżajsk. Sigismund III supported an internationally renowned ensemble of sixty musicians.

When the huge lime tree that characterized the view of Oberdrauburg's main square had to be cut down it became the material of numerous carvings and wooden sculptures. Marx took part in exhibitions of the Künstlerhaus Klagenfurt. His sculpture "Mutter und Kind" (Mother and Child) has been incorporated in the 21er Haus, museum of contemporary arts of the Belvedere, Vienna. The restoration of sacral buildings was an important part of Marx' work.

ZMNH M8770 has 25 vertebrae in the back and neck, two sacral vertebrae (as in most Triassic pseudosuchians), and seven of the forward-most tail vertebrae. The neck vertebrae are taller and narrower than they are in Qianosuchus. Most of the back vertebrae are obscured by overlying ribs. At the back of the trunk near the hips are bones belonging to small vertebrates such as fish - likely the stomach contents of the individual.

Fecal incontinence, the involuntary loss of stool and flatus release afflicting mainly elderly people, can also be treated with sacral nerve stimulation as long as patients have intact sphincter muscles. The FDA approved the approach for treating the fecal incontinence in March 2011. The etiology is not well understood yet and both conservative treatments (like antidiarrheics, special diet and biofeedback) and surgical treatments for this disorder are not regarded as ideal options. Pascual et al.

According to Mojmír Horyna the building was designed as a „radius centrally planned building“, the type Santini-Aichel had applied to sacral buildings in Panenské Břežany, Ostrov u Stříbra and Zelená Hora, and now newly used to create profane building. Santini-Aichel was probably influenced by Gian Lorenzo Bernini's studies of using centrally planned building for designing profane architecture. The influence of Austrian architect Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach is also clear.

A phylogenetic analysis published along with the description of Lucianovenator assigned it to the Coelophysidae, in a clade with Coelophyis rhodesiensis and Camposaurus. This clade is supported by a single feature, the fact that the zygapophyses of the sacral vertebrae are fused. The authors of the paper suggested that the relative rarity of theropods in Rhaetian deposits compared to Norian deposits may be the result of taphonomic bias rather than a decline in diversity.

Each innominate bone (ilium) joins the femur (thigh bone) to form the hip joint; thus the sacroiliac joint moves with walking and movement of the torso. In this joint, hyaline cartilage on the sacral side moves against fibrocartilage on the iliac side. The sacroiliac joint contains numerous ridges and depressions that function in stability. Studies have documented that motion does occur at the joint; therefore, slightly subluxed and even locked positions can occur.

Some specimens also have two chevrons, but the posteriormost of which cuts off a middorsal patch of reddish-brown pigment in the sacral area. Instead of chevrons, some specimens have a pair of reddish- brown dorsolateral stripes. Finally, some frogs have a pair of dorsolateral lines as well as an irregular pale median dorsal stripe. The ventrum is orange, but this color may be almost completely obscured by overlying dark brown mottling, blotches, or stipples.

Finally, in 2020, Gregory Funston gave it a genus of its own, Citipes; the name is a Latin word meaning "fleet-footed". The holotype is a tarsometatarsus. A pair of associated ilia and a sacral vertebra have been referred, as have a pair of fused dentaries, a tibia, and several isolated metatarsals. Osteohistological analysis shows that it was smaller than contemporary caenagnathids, and it is distinguished by fusion of the foot bones.

The paratype IVPP V6730B is a second partial skeleton including a right femur, a dorsal vertebra, two sacral vertebrae, a phalanx, a rib and two teeth. In 1992 Peng Guangzhao renamed Agilisaurus multidens He & Cai 1983 (now Hexinlusaurus) into a second species of Xiaosaurus: Xiaosaurus multidens,Peng, G.-Z., 1992, [Chinese:] [Jurassic ornithopod Agilisaurus louderbacki (Ornithopoda: Fabrosauridae) from Zigong, Sichuan, China]. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 30: 39–53 but this has not been accepted.

M. leedsi with a human to scale Muraenosaurus was roughly 5 to 6 meters in length and owed roughly half of its body size to its long neck. The plesiosaur had 66 pre-sacral vertebrae; 44 of which were cervical. Starting from the base of the skull and moving posteriorly the cervical vertebrae elongate and the neural spines broaden. This may be indicative of increased muscle attachment towards the base of the neck.

Sciatic nerve palsy can also result from severe spinal stenosis following the procedure, which can be addressed by spinal decompression surgery.is cited by Stiehl and Stewart for the 0.5-2.0% figure. It is unclear if inversion therapy is able to decompress the sacral vertebrae, it may only work on the lumbar aspects of the sciatic nerves. Sciatic nerve injury may also occur from improperly performed injections into the buttock, and may result in sensory loss.

Saint Wenceslaus, the second part of the eighteenth century, oil on canvas, equipment of the rotunda. It is commonly assumed that the patrons saint of the rotunda are St.Nicolaus and St. Wenceslas. In the document from 1223 in which a sacral object in Cieszyn is mentioned for the first time there is a following entry: ecclesia sancti Nicolai. It does not follow, however, that the church mentioned in the said document is the castle rotunda.

The Franciscan Church (Slovak: Františkánsky kostol or Kostol Zvestovania Pána) is the oldest existing religious (sacral) building in the Old Town of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. The church was consecrated in the year 1297 in the presence of King Andrew III of Hungary. In the past, the church building served for larger gatherings of townspeople or Hungarian nobles. In 1526 Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor was elected here to become the King of Hungary.

For example, a nerve root impingement in the neck can produce pain and weakness in the forearm. Likewise, an impingement in the lower back or lumbar-sacral spine can be manifested with symptoms in the foot. The radicular pain that results from a radiculopathy should not be confused with referred pain, which is different both in mechanism and clinical features. Polyradiculopathy refers to the condition where more than one spinal nerve root is affected.

Having received his properties back, he tried, like his father before him, to maintain them and to build and renovate fortifications, due to every-day increasing Ottoman danger. The most exposed of all of his lands were those in northeastern Bosnia and in the southern part of Macsó banate. He supported the Catholic Church and was its patron. He financed the erection of new sacral buildings and the renewal of the old ones.

The lumbar fascia is an anatomic structure of the lumbar region. It consists of a band or sheet of connective tissue fibres, primarily collagen, that attaches, stabilizes, encloses and separates muscles not limited to the lumbar region as the name suggests, but extending upwards over the thorax to the neck and downwards over the muscles covering the sacrum. The upper thoracic portion is thin while the lumbar and sacral regions are thicker and stronger.

He cited the holotype as [Walker Museum] 602, but in fact the holotype is UR 357. Mehl concluded that the ilium described by Lees, UR 358, also belonged to Poposaurus. He did not classify Poposaurus as a phytosaur because the shape of its ilium was different and it had more sacral vertebrae fused to the hip. Mehl made comparisons between Poposaurus and the earlier named Dolichobrachium, also from the Triassic of Wyoming.

In Triceratops the neural spines of the neck are constant in height, instead of gradually sloping upwards. Another peculiarity is that the neck ribs only begin to lengthen with the ninth cervical vertebra. The rather short and high vertebrae of the back were in its middle region reinforced by ossified tendons running along the tops of the neural arches. The straight sacrum was long and adult individuals show a fusion of all sacral vertebrae.

All, however, are considered sacral, and used for religious ceremonies and events. Among these dances is the baris demang, which dates back to the 19th century (a drawing of a performance was acquired by Herman Neubronner van der Tuuk while in Bali). In such a dance, dancers wear costumes similar to those worn by the demang in gambuh performances and carry wooden knives. This dance is usually performed during the Pemayun ritual.

Moreover, these two incidents took place within parameters of victory and punishment in a military setting, outside the civil and religious realm of Rome.William Warde Fowler, The Religious Experience of the Roman People from the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus (London, 1922), p. 44 online. The intentions of those who carried out these acts may be unrecoverable; surviving sources only indicate which elements were worth noting and might be construed as sacral.

The cervical vertebrae are highly pneumatized with very complex internal chambers across the neural arches and the centrum (body of the vertebra), indicating the presence of cervical air sacs. The anterior dorsal and some caudal vertebrae features some degree of pneumacity, however, the sacral vertebrae are apneumatic. In a 2001 study conducted by Bruce Rothschild and other paleontologists, 229 foot bones referred to Archaeornithomimus were examined for signs of stress fracture, but none were found.

This is comparable to Dicraeosaurus (123%) but greater than in the extremely short- necked form Brachytrachelopan (75%). The neck consisted of thirteen cervical vertebrae, which were opisthocoelous (convex at the front and hollow at the back), forming ball-and-socket joints with neighboring vertebrae. The trunk was made out of nine dorsal and probably five fused sacral vertebrae. The foremost dorsals were opisthocoelous, while the remaining dorsals were amphyplatyan (flat on both ends).

Unlike in Amargasaurus, this spine was bowed frontward and broadened toward the tips. The last two dorsal vertebrae, the hip, and the foremost tail in Amargasaurus also had elongated spines; these were not bifurcated but flared into a paddle-shaped upper end. The pelvic region was relatively wide, judging from the long, laterally projecting transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae. The forelimbs were somewhat shorter than the hind limbs, as in related sauropods.

Review of Paleobotany and Palynology, v. 77, p. 269-287. It consists of a single tooth, a fragmentary cervical (neck) vertebra, fragmentary dorsal (back) vertebrae, several rib fragments, two complete sacral (hip) vertebrae, fragmentary caudal (tail) vertebrae, a chevron, several fragmentary hip bones, a complete left femur and a fragmentary right femur, a fragmentary right tibia, and a right astragalus bone of the ankle. Several more incomplete specimens have been referred to the genus.

Femur, tibia and fibula of Shringasaurus. The vertebral column is well known in Shringasaurus, including the whole cervical series, various dorsal vertebrae, both sacral vertebrae and some caudal vertebrae. Like other azendohsaurids, the first-through-middle cervical vertebrae are characteristically elongated, giving Shringasaurus a long, raised neck, although it is proportionately shorter than in Azendohsaurus and Pamelaria. The neck is also much taller than in other azendohsaurids, with tall, prominent neural spines.

Lordosis is historically defined as an abnormal inward curvature of the lumbar spine. However, the terms lordosis and lordotic are also used to refer to the normal inward curvature of the lumbar and cervical regions of the human spine.Medical Systems: A Body Systems Approach, 2005 Similarly, kyphosis historically refers to abnormal convex curvature of the spine. The normal outward (convex) curvature in the thoracic and sacral regions is also termed kyphosis or kyphotic.

Yamanasaurus (meaning "Yamana lizard") is an extinct genus of saltasaurine titanosaur dinosaur from the Río Playas Formation of Ecuador, which dates to the Maastrichtian epoch of the Cretaceous period (approximately 66.9 million years ago). The type and only species is Yamanasaurus lojaensis. It is the first non-avian dinosaur described from Ecuador. The holotype, consisting of fragments of a humerus, ulna, tibia, two sacral vertebrae and a single caudal, was discovered in 2017.

In 1857 the brotherhood of the Holy Sacrament was established, and later the brotherhoods of St. ROK and Our Lady of Karmen also joined. Traditional music was founded in 1929, while the church choir was formed in 1935. One of the last associations founded was the Cultural association "Ivo Lozica" (1980) and the girls church choir (1999). In the early 20th century, two of the most recent sacral objects were erected in Lumbarda.

In that office they were honored as warriors for the dynastic ties and their valor shown in war, and later rewarded by the king. The figure of the Lombard Duke encompassed a mixture of military, noble, sacral (invested by the king, attended his "charisma"), political, judicial and administrative elements. In the assembly of the people in arms ("Gairethinx"), the dukes had a prominent role, and were decisive in the election of the king.Rovangati, p. 19.

The cysts are often multiple, extending around the circumference of the nerve, and can enlarge over time to compress neighboring nerve roots, to cause bone erosion. The cysts may be found anterior to the sacral area and have been known to extend into the abdominal cavity. These cysts, though rare, can be found to grow large - over in size, often causing severe abdominal pain from compression on the cyst itself as well as adjoining nerves.

Gold post box on the corner of Arleston Lane and Wollam Road, Arleston, Telford Michael David BushellGRO reference: July 1990, Vol. 30, Page 68 MBE (born 8 June 1990) is a Paralympic gold medalist and personal trainer from Telford, Shropshire, England. He suffers from lumbar sacral spinal agenesis congenital paraplegia and competes in T53 category sprint events. He is the British record holder at 100m and 200, and a European record holder at 100m.

53 There are three or four sacral and about 29 caudal (tail) vertebrae. Between the second and third caudal vertebrae, separate bones called hemal arches are present. These display a spinous process at the back, as in both Holochilus and Lundomys. On the humerus, the upper arm bone, the entepicondylar foramen is absent, as in all members of the Sigmodontinae; in some other cricetids, it perforates the far (distal) end of the humerus.

The first and second tail vertebrae were found articulated with the sacrum, although they are much weakly fused than the sacral vertebrae. In addition, they can be distinguished from the sacrum because they possess zygapophyses that are not fused together, although they also preserve a ventral groove. The limb and girdle bones are well-preserved, and show many features. The humerus is strongly bowed, with a nearly equal expansion on the distal and proximal ends.

When the condition presents before the age of 18, it is more likely to cause pain and swelling of large lower limb joints, such as the knees. In prepubescent cases, pain and swelling may also manifest in the ankles and feet where heel pain and enthesopathy commonly develop. Less commonly ectasia of the sacral nerve root sheaths may occur. About 30% of people with AS will also experience anterior uveitis, causing eye pain, redness, and blurred vision.

In Macrotus the position of the hind limbs during level flight differs even more form that in most other mammals. The hind limbs are held behind the bat in a spider-leg- like posture, with the femur extending dorsad and caudad, and with the shank partially flexed and extending caudad and more or less downward. Vertebral Column The number of post cervical vertebrae in Macrotus are as follows: twelve thoracic, six lumbar, five sacral, seven caudal.

The spinous processes jut out steeply from the centra, and feature sharp keels on the front and back sides. Unlike eutheriodonts, gorgonopsians do not have distinguished lumbar vertebrae. Nonetheless, the dorsals equating to that series are similar to the lumbars of sabre-toothed cats with steeply oriented zygopophases, useful in stabalising the lower back especially when pinning down struggling prey. There are 3 sacral vertebrae, and the series attached to the pelvis by the 1st vertebra.

They gradually increased in length and width towards the hip. There were three sacral (hip) vertebrae, although only the first two had large, flared ribs which connected to the ilia (upper hip plates). 20 caudal (tail) vertebrae were also attached to the skeleton, along with a disconnected string of 13 from the tip of the tail and 10 isolated caudals. Estimating from the length of missing portions of the tail, there may have been 58 caudal vertebrae in total.

The complete slab; the pieces added by Todesco have not been removed The vertebral column of Scipionyx probably includes ten cervical vertebrae and thirteen dorsal vertebrae; due to the fact the specimen is just a hatchling, the differentiation between the two categories has not fully developed, making any distinction rather arbitrary. With certainty five sacral vertebrae are present. The fossil has preserved just nine tail vertebrae; likely fifty or more had been originally present. The neck vertebrae are opisthocoelous.

In 2006, Schwarz and colleagues, described the postcranial skeletons of new specimens of Hyposaurus, focusing mostly on the vertebrae. From partial skeletons a proatlas, atlas, axis, a third to ninth cervical vertebrae, and at least 16 dorsal, two sacral, and 45 caudal vertebrae have been reconstructed. The vertebrae are weakly amphicoelous, meaning both sides of the centrum are concave. The dorsal shield is made of two columns of paravertebral osteoderms and two lateral columns of accessory osteoderms.

In 2006 Schwarz and colleagues, described the postcranial skeletons of new specimens of Hyposaurus, focusing mostly on the vertebrae. From partial skeletons, a proatlas, atlas, axis, a third to ninth cervical vertebrae, and at least 16 dorsal, two sacral, and 45 caudal vertebrae have been reconstructed. The vertebrae are weakly amphicoelous, meaning both sides of the centrum are concave. The dorsal shield is made of two columns of paravertebral osteoderms and two lateral columns of accessory osteoderms.

The pelvic girdle also was much larger than the simple plate found in fishes, accommodating more muscles. It extended far dorsally and was joined to the backbone by one or more specialized sacral ribs. The hind legs were somewhat specialized in that they not only supported weight, but also provided propulsion. The dorsal extension of the pelvis was the ilium, while the broad ventral plate was composed of the pubis in front and the ischium in behind.

According to ethnographer Clarke Cunningham, their culture is notable for its spatial symbolism, associated with a gender dichotomy. Male-female principle is important, as with the duality of sun-earth, light-dark, open-close, dry season-wet season, outer-inner, central-periphery, secular-sacral, right-left, and so on. This in turn affects the spatial configuration of an Atoni house. The right side of the house (facing the door) is always male, whereas the left is female.

The plantaris muscle is innervated by the tibial nerve, a branch of the sciatic nerve in the sacral plexus. Signaling for contraction begins in the frontal lobe of the brain with the pre-central gyrus (primary motor cortex). Upper motor neurons are stimulated and send a signal through the internal capsule and down the corticospinal tract. Decussation of the lateral corticospinal tract occurs in the medullary pyramids, then the fibers continue down the contralateral side of the spinal cord.

In dorsal vertebrae the neural spines are more elongated and stiff. Several pneumatopores (small openings leading to air pockets) are present on the dorsolateral surfaces of the centra and they proggressively reduce in size. Some species like N. graffami had a narrow hump-like structure on their back as indicated by the very elongated neural spines of the first dorsals. In therizinosaurids, the sacrum was composed by about six sacral vertebrae with broad centra that have rounded facets.

Basal traits consist of a large skull, a short thighbone, the possession of just two sacral vertebrae and the presence of fifteen teeth in the pterygoid. There were four teeth in the premaxilla and about twenty in both the maxilla and the lower jaw for a total of eighty- eight. The teeth were large, elongated, lanceolate, slightly recurved, sharply pointed and coarsely serrated. The lower leg was much longer than the thighbone, indicating Pampadromaeus was a good runner.

The neck and tail of Pectodens were long, with the former being the same length as the torso. In life, it had 66 to 68 vertebrae, with 11-12 cervical vertebrae, 11-13 dorsal vertebrae, 2 sacral vertebrae, and 41 caudal vertebrae in the tail. The cervicals have low neural spines, like Tanystropheus. The cervical ribs are generally also long, having short forward processes and long rear processes that bridge two to three vertebral joints each.

The false pelvis is that portion superior to the pelvic brim; it is bounded by the alae of the ilia laterally and the sacral promontory and lumbar vertebrae posteriorly. The true pelvis is the region inferior to the pelvic brim that is almost entirely surrounded by bone. The pelvic inlet is the opening delineated by the pelvic brim. The widest dimension of the pelvic inlet is from left to right, that is, along the frontal plane.

Padillasaurus was initially classified in the family Brachiosauridae based on its morphology. It had cavities in the sacral vertebrae that had no connection with the hollow interior of the vertebra, therefore lacking a true pleurocoel. This feature links it to the brachiosaurids. A cladistic analysis was unable to determine the exact relationships of Padillasaurus with other genera, finding a polytomy among basal forms including Padillasaurus, Abydosaurus, Brachiosaurus and Giraffatitan, while Cedarosaurus and Venenosaurus were occasionally recovered as sister taxa.

Werner Müller (born 22 May 1907, Emmerich; died 8 March 1990, Bad Urach) was a German ethnologist and symbologist.This article is begun as a translation of the equivalent article in the German Wikipedia. His principal field of research, and the subject of several books, was the Native American mythology and literature of North America, though his studies of the sacral patterns in the founding of European settlements (e.g. Kreis und Kreuz, 1938: Die heilige Stadt, 1961) were also substantial.

281 Other titles of religious leaders were þulr (thul), thegn, völva and seiðmaðr (seidman). The term thul is related to words meaning recitation, speech and singing, so this religious function could have been connected to a sacral, maybe esoteric, knowledge. The thul was also connected to Odin, the god of rulers and kings, and thus poetry and the activities in the banquet halls. It is a possibility that the thul function was connected to the king's halls.

The subarachnoid space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which can be sampled with a lumbar puncture, or "spinal tap" procedure. The delicate pia mater, the innermost protective layer, is tightly associated with the surface of the spinal cord. The cord is stabilized within the dura mater by the connecting denticulate ligaments, which extend from the enveloping pia mater laterally between the dorsal and ventral roots. The dural sac ends at the vertebral level of the second sacral vertebra.

The shrine is a mix of folk and sacral architecture. Originally covered only in white plaster, later it was painted in a variety of colours - white, celadon and blue, and there used to be standing crosses around it, since it probably was a burial site after the First World War. There are several shrines like this in the area (St. Anthony's Shrine in Warmiany, St. Peter and Paul's Shrine in Łędławki, the historic filial shrine in Księżno).

After breakthrough discoveries in Kopčany and revised dating of Church of St. Margaret of Antioch, a revised archeological and artistic research have been done also in Kostoľany pod Tribečom. The church belongs to remaining sacral buildings in Slovakia that are considered to be of potential Great Moravian origin. The result of chronometric research of masonry published in 2015 indices that the church was built at the end of the 9th or in the first third of the 10th century.

The Robert-Struppmann- Museum is the town's local history museum. It houses valuable carvings, documents, sculptures, and sacral objects, among other things a woodcarving of John the Baptist's severed head from the twelfth century and the seated Madonna with Christ Child and grapes from the early fourteenth century. It is open weekend afternoons in spring, summer, and autumn and also serves as a tourist information centre. There are many brochures to be had there for free.

Among the first places of worship to be constructed after 864 was the Great Basilica of Pliska. It was one of the biggest structures of the time, as well as contemporary Europe's longest church, with a rectangular shape reaching 99m in length. The basilica was divided into two almost equal partsa spacious atrium and the main building. During the reign of SimeonI the domed cruciform type of church building was introduced and came to dominate the country's sacral architecture.

Some considered it an example of the Thracian horsemana recurring motif of a deity in the form of a horseman in the Paleo-Balkanic mythology. Sculpture and stone carving were well-developed enough to supply the demand for public and sacral buildings. Many examples of marble carving have been excavated in Preslav. The decorations have included animals such as griffins, rabbits and birds, as well as vegetative elements (most often palmettes and grape leaves) and geometric motifs.

The type specimen, NHMUK R6856, is a partial skeleton belonging to an individual estimated to have been two to three metres in length. It consists of a right humerus, three partial sacral vertebrae and three presacral vertebrae. A second specimen, SAM-PK-K10654 consisting of three cervical vertebrae and two posterior presacral vertebrae, is also known. It was attributed to the same species as NHMUK R6856 because the dorsal or back vertebrae of the two specimens are nearly identical.

It is continued as a slender twig on the filum terminale. On its course the artery takes several small branches (i.e. anterior segmental medullary arteries), which enter the vertebral canal through the intervertebral foramina. These branches are derived from the vertebral artery, the ascending cervical artery, a branch of the inferior thyroid artery in the neck, the intercostal arteries in the thorax, and from the lumbar artery, iliolumbar artery and lateral sacral arteries in the abdomen and pelvis.

The patient experienced increased spasms which inhibited daily functions such as sleeping or trying to get into his car. Later on, he suffered delayed lumbar spinal fracture at the site of the implant which required its subsequent retraction. The spasms reduced in intensity when the patient decided to discontinue the use of the sacral anterior root stimulator and instead chose to use an indwelling urethral catheter. The case was cited as "compelling evidence for disuse" of the device.

Pugliese Istituzioni di diritto romano-Sintesi p.11. (a piaculum or a sacrificium). However these were not the only sanctions in use: other included the confiscation of property and capital punishment, that was not administered on any sacral principle but on that of the retribution of an offense with an equal punishment. On the basis of the fragmentary condition of our information,For a presentation see: Leges regiae, Leges regiae e paricidas and Fontes Iuris Romani Antejustiniani.

The arroyo toad is a stocky, blunt-nosed, warty-skinned species of toad, long. It has horizontal pupils, and is greenish, grey or salmon on the dorsum with a light-colored stripe across the head and eyelids. It has light sacral and mid- dorsal patches, large, oval and widely separated parotoid glands, and weak or absent cranial crests. The juvenile of this species are ashy-white, olive or salmon on the dorsal side, with or without black spotting.

An experimental procedure for constipation in children is being conducted in Nationwide Children's Hospital. In the event that the nerves and the brain are no longer communicating effectively, resulting in a bowel/bladder disorder, this type of treatment is designed to imitate a signal sent via the central nervous system. One of the major nerve routes is from the brain, along the spinal cord and through the back. This is commonly referred to as the sacral area.

It was constructed with walls over 4 meters thick, and housed the nobility during Turkish attacks. Hidden doors were built into the Jezava wall, allowing for passage towards Hungary. The next nine years were spent expanding the fortifications to include a larger fortified suburb, thereby finishing the main fortress. In the suburb, a sacral complex was built in phases from the 15th century onwards, and a Turkish bath was added by the Ottomans in the 17th century.

Finally, the spine length peaks over the forelimbs. The first four dorsal vertebrae are unknown; the fifth already bears a that is pointed and slightly hooked; Taquet presumed it might have anchored a tendon to support the neck or skull. The tenth, eleventh and twelfth spines are the longest, at about . The last dorsal spine, the seventeenth, has a grooved posterior edge, in which the anterior corner of the lower spine of the first sacral vertebra is locked.

Ev. church Nümbrecht The 1000-year-old church next to the castle in Nümbrecht is one of the most interesting sacral buildings of the area: the tower was built in Romanesque style, the romanesque part of the interior features massive medieval pillars and reinforcing arches. The ribbed structure of the apses is typical of Gothic style. Flat vaults were added at the end of the 17th century. The top construction of the tower and the altar reflects Baroque architecture.

Architecture of this church was used as a model in sacral architecture during the reign of Miloš Obrenović. Decoration and interior works were performed after finishing of the construction. Belgrade's church municipality hired a sculptor, engraver and smelter, Dimitrije Petrović (1799–1852), educated on the Academy in Vienna to make drawings for iconostas and choir. Exuberant in form with certain eclectic decorative elements, iconostas of the cathedral church in Belgrade is certainly the most prestigious classicist iconostas in Serbia.

The abdominal aorta begins at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. It gives rise to lumbar and musculophrenic arteries, renal and middle suprarenal arteries, and visceral arteries (the celiac trunk, the superior mesenteric artery and the inferior mesenteric artery). It ends in a bifurcation into the left and right common iliac arteries. At the point of the bifurcation, there also springs a smaller branch, the median sacral artery.

Dorsal neural spines overhang the rear of their respective vertebrae and possess elliptical spine tables. The single known sacral (hip) vertebra is small, simple, and poorly preserved, but it seems to retain a small rear pocket. The caudal (tail) vertebrae gradually lengthen and simplify down the tail, they gain chevrons starting at the fifth caudal, and their neural spines gradually shorten. The neural spines have small spine tables, less distinct than those of the cervicals and dorsals.

These festivals were the Equirria, the sacral chariot races held on February 27 and March 14, and on October 15 with the sacrifice of the October Horse; the Agonium Martiale on March 17; the Quinquatrus, another ritual for purifying weapons before the military campaigning season, on March 19; and following the Armilustrium, the Tubilustrium, "Purification of the Trumpets," on October 23. Armilustrium also refers to a large open space on the Aventine Hill where the festival was held.

More to the front oval osteoderms, with an asymmetric low keel, cover the back, with a length of up to forty centimetres. Thirty centimetre osteoderms cover the sides. Bohlin placed Sauroplites in the Ankylosauridae. However, Arbour considered it possible that it was a member of the Nodosauridae in view of the possession of a sacral shield consisting of fused rosettes which is unknown with unequivocal ankylosaurids, even though nodosaurid remains from Asia are rare and contentious.

The anterior side of the coccyx has attachments to the levator ani muscle, coccygeus, iliococcygeus, and pubococcygeus, anococcygeal raphe. Attached to the posterior side is the gluteus maximus, which extends the thigh at the hip joint. The ligaments attached to the coccyx include the anterior and posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments which are the continuations of the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments that stretches along the entire spine. The lateral sacrococcygeal ligaments complete the foramina for the last sacral nerve.

The Church of St Peter and St Paul (), the co-cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Đakovo-Osijek, is a neo-Gothic sacral structure located in Osijek, Croatia. The multi-tiered 90-metre spire is one of the city's landmarks. The church was built in 1898 on the initiative of the Bishop of Đakovo Josip Juraj Strossmayer. The church is entered via a small door to the right of the main portal, overlooked by a trio of gargoyles.

Giraffatitans brain measured about 300 cubic centimetres, which, like those of other sauropods, was small compared to its massive body size. A 2009 study calculated its Encephalization Quotient (a rough estimate of possible intelligence) at a low 0.62 or 0.79, depending on the size estimate used. Like other sauropods, Giraffatitan has a sacral enlargement above the hip which some older sources misleadingly referred to as a "second brain". However, glycogen bodies are a more likely explanation.

Nonsurgical treatment involves the use of a full-body, exterior brace, normally a thoracic lumbar sacral orthosis (TLSO), often custom-molded to the subject's body. X-rays and MRIs are again taken with the subject every 2 weeks in the TLSO to determine whether the spine will remain stable. The TLSO is worn for 2–3 months 24/7. The subject undergoes several months of physical therapy to strengthen atrophied muscles and basically learn how to walk again.

Thorax of the neotype. The vertebral column of Scelidosaurus contained at least six neck vertebrae, seventeen dorsal vertebrae, four sacral vertebrae and at least thirty-five tail vertebrae. Though perhaps the actual total of cervical vertebrae was as high as seven or eight, the neck was only moderately long. The torso was relatively flat in side view, however, despite the belly being broad, it was not extremely vertically compressed as with ankylosaurs but taller than wide.

People with SMA might also benefit greatly from various forms of physiotherapy, occupational therapy and physical therapy. Orthotic devices can be used to support the body and to aid walking. For example, orthotics such as AFOs (ankle foot orthoses) are used to stabilise the foot and to aid gait, TLSOs (thoracic lumbar sacral orthoses) are used to stabilise the torso. Assistive technologies may help in managing movement and daily activity and greatly increase the quality of life.

Restoration of an individual in its burrow Oryctodromeus was originally described as lacking ossified tendons in the tail. However, specimens from the Wayan Formation demonstrate the presence of a thick tendon lattice in the dorsal, sacral, and caudal columns of some specimens; perhaps indicating more flexibility in ossified tendons than has previously been supposed.Krumenacker, L. J., 2010. Chronostratigraphy and paleontology of the mid-Cretaceous Wayan Formation of eastern Idaho, with a description of the first Oryctodromeus specimens from Idaho.

The bladder receives both sensory and motor supply from sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The motor supply from both sympathetic fibers, most of which arise from the superior and inferior hypogastric plexuses and nerves, and from parasympathetic fibers, which come from the pelvic splanchnic nerves. Sensation from the bladder, relating to distension or to irritation (such as by infection or a stone) is transmitted primarily through the parasympathetic nervous system. These travel via sacral nerves to S2-4.

Amyoplasia is a condition characterized by a generalized lack in the newborn of muscular development and growth, with contracture and deformity at most joints. It is the most common form of arthrogryposis. It is characterized by the four limbs being involved, and by the replacement of skeletal muscle by dense fibrous and adipose tissue. Studies involving amyoplasia have revealed similar findings of the muscle tissue due to various causes including that seen in sacral agenesis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

First, a surgical incision is made of the peritoneum overlying the Sacrum#Promontory and extending this incision toward the aortic bifurcation. The inferior mesenteric artery is then identified as the left lateral border of the dissection. A surgical plane can then be carefully developed between the inferior mesenteric artery and the left common iliac vein. The sacral promontory area is identified and can be infiltrated with vasoconstrictive solution or with the use of electrosurgery to reduce blood loss.

The holotype has light brown dorsal ground colour. There is a W-shaped mark between the eyes, an irregular dark brown spot in scapular region, a Λ-shaped mark in sacral region, and numerous randomly distributed round dark brown spots on the head and body. A dark brown canthal stripe extends to tip of snout and a dark brown supra-tympanic stripe extends from corner of eye to anterior region of flanks. The limbs have brown transverse bars.

The nerve classifications of the autonomic nervous system created by the traditional methodologies have remained mostly unchanged over the last 100 years. However, modern perspectives have placed more of an emphasis on the developmental and molecular mechanisms of these systems. As such, more attention has been paid to elements such as gene expression, development features, and overall functions of these neurons. The classification of the sacral outflow as parasympathetic, in particular, has come under some scrutiny as of 2016.

The postcranial skeleton is nearly completely known in Riojasuchus, incomplete in Ornithosuchus, and entirely unknown in Venaticosuchus. As a result, it is uncertain whether all of the postcranial traits seemingly unique to ornithosuchids actually occurred in all members of the family. Ornithosuchids known from decent postcranial remains typically had about 9 cervical (neck), 14-15 dorsal (back), 3 sacral (hip), and over 20 caudal (tail) vertebrae. Above each vertebra was a pair of bony scutes known as osteoderms.

This expectation was consistent with the sacral position of the king in Germanic paganism: the king is charged with interacting with the divine on behalf of his people. Hence the general population saw nothing wrong with their kings choosing their preferred mode of worship. The favoured method of showing the supremacy of the Christian belief was the destruction of the holy trees of the Germans. These were trees, usually old oaks or elm trees, dedicated to the gods.

Bushell suffers from lumbar sacral spinal sgenesis congenital paraplegia. In Bushell's case this means he is missing seven vertebrae from the lower part of the spine just above the coccyx. He has no abdominal wall muscle control, his legs and hips have never fully developed and float unsupported at the lower end of his body. In 2007, during his preparations for the Paralympic games in Beijing, Bushell began suffering from recurrent kidney infection necessitating a nephrectomy.

Kurt Harry Fearnley, (born 23 March 1981) is an Australian wheelchair racer, who has won gold medals at the Paralympic Games and 'crawled' the Kokoda Track. He has a congenital disorder called sacral agenesis which prevented fetal development of certain parts of his lower spine and all of his sacrum. In Paralympic events he is classified in the T54 classification. He focuses on long and middle-distance wheelchair races, and has also won medals in sprint relays.

Leptopleuron was a small, lizard-like animal of 270 mm that possessed a long tail as well as gastralia in contrast to Sclerosaurus, and a slight triangular depression on its jugal. As a reptile, five metatarsals were observed with lengths of roughly 8 mm with unknown values for some. In terms of its dentary, towards the posterior end, the ramus is notably deep. Its sacral ribs do not attach to the vertebrae after reconstruction of the fossil.

This is why, in art, a metallic paint that glitters in an approximation of real gold would be used; a solid color like that of the cell displayed in the adjacent box does not aesthetically "read" as gold. Especially in sacral art in Christian churches, real gold (as gold leaf) was used for rendering gold in paintings, e.g. for the halo of saints. Gold can also be woven into sheets of silk to give an East Asian traditional look.

Statuary David receives sacral bread from the priest Ahimelech in Ceremonial Hall in Hradisko Monastery in Olomouc (Czech Republic) created by Josef A. Winterhalder in 1734. Ahimelech giving the sword of Goliath to David, by Aert de Gelder. Ahimelech ( ’Ăḥîmeleḵ, "brother of a king"), the son of Ahitub and father of Abiathar (), but described as the son of Abiathar in and in four places in 1 Chronicles."Ahimelech", Encyclopedia Biblica He descended from Aaron's son Ithamar and the High Priest of Israel Eli.

Kongolo was a tyrant ruling over indigenous people of the Upemba Depression. Wanting to create a kingdom, he consulted the prophet Mujibu. Mujibu prophesied that he could never rule as he was a commoner; but soon the Bulopwe “sacral royal blood” would arrive. If he welcomed him properly, blessings and prosperity would come with the Bulopwe and Kongolo would establish a kingdom, but if he went against him; his God would take away his ruler ship and he would be put to death.

Criss Angel performed a trick in which he appeared to pull a woman in half with his hands during an outdoor performance and half of her crawled away. The trick involved a woman with sacral agenesis and a contortionist. Magician and historian Ricky Jay has written that a version of this trick was previously performed by another magician. The magician that inspired Criss Angel's trick was Rajah Raboid, who performed this trick with Johnny Eck and his twin brother, Robert, in 1937.

Lumbar plexus and its branches. Since the Lumbar plexus and Sacral plexus are interconnected, they are sometimes referred to as the Lumbosacral plexus. The intercostal nerves that give rami to the chest and to the upper parts of the abdominal wall efferent motor innervation and to the pleura and peritoneum afferent sensory innervation are the only ones that do not originate from a plexus. The ventral rami of L1-L5 spinal nerves with a contribution of T12 form Lumbar plexus.

However, given that it was never formally published, it remained an invalid nomen nudum. In 2015, a bonebed designated as Z183 was discovered within of the approximate location described by Parrington. This bonebed contained at least three individuals of different sizes, represented by 27 bones, all of which were mixed in with the remains of an allokotosaurian; new elements not known previously included the maxilla, quadrate, braincase, axis, sacral vertebrae, humeri, ischia, and calcaneum. They were stored at the National Museum of Tanzania.

Shortly after a spinal nerve forms from the dorsal and ventral roots of the spinal cord it branches into the dorsal ramus and ventral ramus. Spinal nerves are mixed nerves that carry both sensory and motor information. It also branches to form the grey and the white rami communicantes which make connections with the sympathetic ganglia. After it is formed, the dorsal ramus of each spinal nerve travels backward, except for the first cervical, the fourth and fifth sacral, and the coccygeal.

John Eckhardt Jr. was born on August 27, 1911 to Emilia (born 1876) and John Eckhardt, Sr. (born 1874) in Baltimore, Maryland, as a fraternal twin. His brother Robert Eckhardt was also a performer and he had an older sister named Caroline Laura Eckhardt. Eck was born with a truncated torso due to sacral agenesis. Though Eck would sometimes describe himself as "snapped off at the waist", he had unusable, underdeveloped legs and feet that he would hide under custom-made clothing.

Barreirosuchus is known only from the holotype specimen MPMA-04-0012/00, an undeformed posterior portion of the skull with six teeth and a series of four vertebrae, two dorsal and two sacral. It was found 4 km from Monte Alto County, in the escarpment of the Serra do Jabuticabal, in the rural area of Monte Alto, São Paulo. It was collected from the Adamantina Formation of the Bauru Basin, which dates to the Turonian and Santonian stages of the Late Cretaceous.

Size of Leshansaurus qianweiensis The holotype (QW 200701) was found in 2007. It is a fairly complete skeleton consisting of a partial skull and lower jaws, seven cervical vertebrae, twelve dorsal vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae, two caudal vertebrae, and much of the hind limbs and hands. A second specimen (QW 200702), an isolated femur from a juvenile, has been designated as the paratype. Leshansaurus qianweiensis was named and described in 2009 by Li Fei, Peng Guangzhao, Ye Yong, Jiang Shan, and Huang Daxi.

The holotype, UFRGS-PV-1099-T, has been found in a layer of red mudstone of the Candelária sequence dating from the Carnian. It consists of a partial skeleton with skull. It contains the lower parts of the skull, the lower jaws, nine back vertebrae, three sacral vertebrae, two tail vertebrae, ribs, belly ribs, chevrons, both ilia, the right pubic bone, both thighbones, both shinbones, both calfbones, and the left foot. The skeleton was partly articulated but has been damaged by erosion.

The four years following the cancellation of The Green Hornet was a difficult and frustrating time for Bruce Lee. In 1970, he was incapacitated for several months after damaging a sacral nerve in his lower back while weightlifting. Money became tight as roles in Hollywood proved hard to come by, and wife Linda had to work evenings at an answering service to help pay the bills. Bruce was still keen to develop film and TV projects in Hollywood, but Warner Bros.

However, ultimately the classification of this language and its relationship to Old Nobiin has yet to be specified. In the 1830s it was said a Nubian language was still being spoken as far south as Berber near the junction of the Nile and the Atbara. It was supposedly similar to Kenzi but with many differences. alt=A drawing of fragments of marble bearing inscriptions in Nubian Although Greek, a prestigious sacral language, was used, it does not appear to have been spoken.

A Cochrane review of the efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation concluded that more research was needed, but can be helpful in selected people with FI, and reduce symptoms in selected people with constipation. It is possible to simulate the effect of SNS without surgery. This is trial usually lasts around 2–3 weeks, where a temporary percutaneous peripheral nerve electrode is placed in the lower back, and then connected to an external stimulator. This trial may not always accurately predict a successful outcome.

Kyphosis by itself refers to an excessive convex curvature of spine occurring in the thoracic and sacral regions. A normal thoracic curvature from the 1st to the 12th spine has a naturally occurring convex shape with angles ranging from 20 degrees to 45 degrees. When the curvature goes past 45 degrees, the condition is termed as Kyphosis. Kyphosis, depending on the extent of curvature can result in many discomforts including breathing and digestion difficulties, cardiovascular issues, and even neurological deformities.

Currently, the oldest building in Poland exceeding 100 meters is the Cathedral of St. Stanislaus and St. Wenceslaus in Świdnica, Lower Silesia, built in 1565. The tallest sacral building in the country is the Basilica of Our Lady of Licheń whose bell tower measures 141.5 metres, making it one of the tallest churches in the world. The tallest building by architectural height is the 237-meter tall Soviet-era Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw built in the Socialist realism style.

Sacral and anterior caudal neural spines are very low if present at all and neural spines are elongated showing expanded dorsal margins after those areas. The scapula was robust with a 70 degree bend. The humerus and radius were short while the ulna was replaced by an ulnare and shifted to the elbow taking a disc-like form. This skeletal configuration change is thought to have been from the large claw on digit II requiring a large muscle in order to operate.

Church and Monastery are some of the largest sacral buildings in Vilnius, although in the 17th and 18th centuries they acquired the Renaissance and Baroque features. Being much larger and more archaic than the St. Anne's Church, it forms and interesting and unique ensemble with the latter. Gothic pointed-arch windows and buttresses stand out on the façade. Above them rises a pediment with twin octagonal towers on the sides and a fresco depicting the Crucifix in the middle niche.

The trunk is longer than in other living strepsirrhines because they have 15–16 thoracic vertebrae, compared to 12–14 in other living strepsirrhines. This gives them greater mobility when twisting and extending towards nearby branches. Their other vertebrae include seven cervical vertebrae, six or seven lumbar vertebrae, six or seven sacral vertebrae, and seven to eleven caudal vertebrae. The eyes of slow lorises are large and have a reflective layer, called the tapetum lucidum, to help them see better at night.

The collection of art objects includes a silver hand and a cross, decorated with ornaments and figures in relief. It is only a part of the valuable objects of the Treasury of this unique sacral building which was the City Hall in the past. Today, it is the best known tourist attraction in Kotor and a symbol of the city: the Saint is depicted in the city's coat of arms, along with a lion and the Mount of San Giovanni.

In the popular tradition, this place is considered to be cult. This asserts to the need of an urgent restoration of the ruins of the object, on which the new-old object shall be erected by using the stony remnants and other relatively preserved artifacts. The "Princess mausoleum" or the " King's Daughter mausoleum", or the "mausoleum of Bosnian princess Catherine" is listed among the oldest Islamic and oriental sacral objects. It has been mentioned as an Ottoman- Bosniak monument too.

One of the oldest and most valuable monuments of the Orthodox culture in this area is the Trška Monastery. Originating from the 13th century, it is the oldest surviving sacral object in the Braničevo District. In the Gornjak Gorge of the Mlava river valley, Gornjak Monastery was built from 1378 to 1381, as an endowment of Prince Lazar. After the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, Lazar's widow Princess Milica and their two underage sons, Stefan and Vuk, spent some time in the monastery.

It contains a partial skull with lower jaws, three neck vertebrae, three back vertebrae, a piece of a sacral vertebra, four partial tail vertebrae, ribs, the lower end of a thighbone, the upper ends of a shinbone and calf bone, a second metatarsal and three toe phalanges. The paratype, specimen IGM 100/984, is the skull found in 1996, of which only the snout has been preserved. Both specimens are of adult individuals. In 2003, the skeleton was described in detail.

The colloquial term, among colo-rectal surgeons, for this inter- fascial plane, is known as the holy plane of dissection first coined by Bill Heald. During rectal surgery and mesorectum excision, dissection along the avascular alveolar plane between these two fascias, facilitates a straightforward dissection and preserves the sacral vessels and hypogastric nerves. Waldeyer's fascia (a.k.a. rectosacral fascia) originates from the presacral parietal fascia at the S2 to S4 level fusing with the rectal visceral fascia at the posterior aspect of the rectum.

The preacetabular process, front blade, of the ilium widens laterally, to the front outer side, and does not taper. Furthermore, there is a unique combination of traits not in themselves unique. The transverse processes, the side extensions, of the tail are present up to the 28th vertebra of the series. The transverse processes of the front tail vertebrae are rod-shaped with narrow bases and do not touch the plate formed by the fusion of the processes of the sacral vertebrae.

Kentrosaurus was by Hennig assigned to the Stegosauridae in 1915. This is confirmed by modern cladistic analyses, although in 1915 Stegosauridae was a far more inclusive concept. A consecutive narrowing down of this concept caused Kentrosaurus, until the 1980s to be seen as a typical "primitive" stegosaurian, to be placed in a more derived, higher, position in the stegosaur evolutionary tree. Derived traits include a sacral yoke, a long prepubic process, a long thighbone and two rows of plates or spikes.

Facade of the Lindenstraße Synagogue in Kreuzberg, Berlin (1889–1891); destroyed in the Reichspogromnacht. Synagogues were a speciality of the office, perhaps because of Wolffenstein's Jewish background. The two architects are considered the most important representatives of the building of synagogues of the Gründerzeit. For their work in this field they found inspiration in Dresden's Semper Synagogue (destroyed in 1938 during the Kristallnacht pogrom), the only sacral building by Gottfried Semper, with its simple basic concept and cube formed arrangements.

Most of its postcranial skeleton is known. The skeletal material Jain and Bandyopadhyay found between 1984 and 1986 was "in associated and mostly articulated condition;" it included cervical, dorsal, sacral and caudal vertebrae, ribs, pelvis, scapula, coracoid, left forelimb and other bones, though skull, hindlimb and foot bones were missing. The site locality is Dongargaon Hill, which is in a Maastrichtian crevasse splay claystone in the Lameta Formation of India. Dongargaon Hill (20.212318N,79.090709E) is located near Warora, in Chandrapur District, Maharashtra.

However, what is clear is that they are adapted even further to an aquatic life-style. In Rodhocetus, for example, the sacrum – a bone that in land-mammals is a fusion of five vertebrae that connects the pelvis with the rest of the vertebral column – was divided into loose vertebrae. However, the pelvis was still connected to one of the sacral vertebrae. Furthermore, the nasal openings are now halfway up the snout; a first step towards the telescoped condition in modern whales.

Fruitachampsa differs from other shartegosuchids in that it has procoelous vertebrae with concave anterior surfaces and convex posterior surfaces. As a terrestrial crocodyliform, Fruitachampsa has long and extremely slender limbs. Bony plates called osteoderms cover the back in two overlapping rows, and are much thinner than those of living crocodylians. Most specimens of Fruitachampsa probably belong to adult individuals because the neural arch is fused to the body of each vertebra, and the sacral ribs are fused to the sacrum.

Low-frequency afferent signals cause relaxation of the bladder by inhibiting sacral parasympathetic preganglionic neurons and exciting lumbar sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Conversely, afferent input causes contraction of the sphincter through excitation of Onuf's nucleus, and contraction of the bladder neck and urethra through excitation of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Diuresis (production of urine by the kidney) occurs constantly, and as the bladder becomes full, afferent firing increases, yet the micturition reflex can be voluntarily inhibited until it is appropriate to begin voiding.

The skull of Ozimek is relatively fragmentary; from the identifiable fragments, the skull appears to have been diapsid, broad, and compact, with the jugal bone forming a complete arch. The preserved portions of the jaw show numerous small, sharp teeth. There appear to have been 9 cervical vertebrae, 16 dorsal vertebrae, 3 sacral vertebrae, and at least 7 caudal vertebrae (the tail is incompletely preserved). The cervical vertebrae are very elongated and thinly-walled, with the fourth, fifth, and sixth being the longest.

On the contrary, the flag encourages a > sort of all-or-nothing allegiance to the whole package, best summed [by] > 'Our flag, love it or leave.' Particular objects become sacral symbols through a process of consecration which effectively creates the sacred by setting it apart from the profane. Boy Scouts and the armed forces in any country teach the official ways of folding, saluting and raising the flag, thus emphasizing that the flag should never be treated as just a piece of cloth.

Its consists of five vertebral centra, a neural arch, one dorsal and two sacral ribs, the right ischium, the complete right hindlimb, the right pes, an incomplete left pes, and various other fragments. AMNH 5266 was discovered in 1912 at Red Deer River and was collected by Barnum Brown with assistance from Peter Kaisen, George Olsen, and Charles M Sternberg in the sediments from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation.Coombs, W.P., Jr. (1986, June). A Juvenile ankylosaur referable to the genus euoplocephalus (reptilia, ornithischia).

The turn of a racetrack is the most likely spot for a crash, and so the natural dangers of a sharp curve combined with the sacral aura of a tomb or other religious site led to a belief in a supernatural presence.Humphrey, Roman Circuses, p. 258; Paul Plass, The Game of Death in Ancient Rome: Arena Sport and Political Suicide (University of Wisconsin Press, 1995), p. 40. Race horses were often adorned with good-luck charms or amulets to ward off malevolence.

In a 2001 study conducted by Bruce Rothschild and other paleontologists, 14-foot bones referred to Coelophysis were examined for signs of stress fracture, but none were found.Rothschild, B.; Tanke, D.H. & Ford, T.L. (2001). "Theropod stress fractures and tendon avulsions as a clue to activity": In: In C. rhodesiensis, healed fractures of the tibia and metatarsus have been observed, but are very rare. "[T]he supporting butresses of the second sacral rib" in one specimen of Syntarsus rhodesiensis showed signs of fluctuating asymmetry.

Achillesaurus is a genus of alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaur from the Santonian-age Upper Cretaceous Bajo de la Carpa Formation of Rio Negro, Argentina. It was named in reference to Achilles' heel, because diagnostic features are found there for these animals. The genus was a relatively large, basal alvarezsaurid, and a contemporary of Alvarezsaurus. Achillesaurus is based on MACN-PV-RN 1116, a partial skeleton including a sacral vertebra, four tail vertebrae, part of the left thighbone, shin and foot, and the left ilium.

The chapel with the altarpiece of Carlo MarattaThe Cybo or Saint Lawrence Chapel () is the second side chapel in the right-hand aisle of the Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo in Rome. For the beauty of its paintings, the preciousness of marble revetments covering its walls and the importance of the artists involved in its construction the chapel is regarded one of the most significant sacral monuments erected in Rome in the last quarter of the 17th century.Federici, cit., pag. 49.

Restoration The holotype of Murusraptor is estimated to be , but is considered to be an immature specimen, as the cranial sutures in its braincase have not yet disappeared; this indicates it would have been potentially larger. Analysis of the skeleton further revealed anatomical features as-yet unseen in Megaraptora, particularly in the skull and hips. Analysis of the posterior of the skull indicates that, possibly like the related Megaraptor, Murusraptor likely had an elongated and narrow snout. The sacral ribs are hollow.

Babel's works comprise about 270 objects related to 118 attested commissions, mostly sacral art. They include stone and stucco sculptures of saints and angels, mostly for church altars, models for reliquaries and a few secular sculptures for fountains or gardens. His principal and earliest work is the statuary decoration of Einsiedeln Abbey. The choir sculptures (1746–47) elaborately illustrate the death of Christ and display an uncommonly rich variation in clothing forms, influenced by the work of Heel and Carloni.

1962 graduated from Lviv Medical Institute. In 1965 he enrolled in Lviv National Academy of Arts and finished it in 1971. From 1970 he worked as a teacher of painting in Lviv College of Decorative and Applied Arts named after Ivan Trush.Trush Lviv State College of Decorative and Fine Arts Author of many scenic and of sacral of works, among them philosophical portraits of figures of Ukrainian culture as Taras Shevchenko, Bohdan Ihor Antonych, Markiyan Shashkevych, Ivan Vyshenskyi, Kateryna Bilokur and others.

There are many morphological changes that allowed the pelvic girdle of Acanthostega to become a weight-bearing structure. In more ancestral states the two sides of the girdle were not attached. In Acanthostega there is contact between the two sides and fusion of the girdle with the sacral rib of the vertebral column. These fusions would have made the pelvic region more powerful and equipped to counter the force of gravity when not supported by the buoyancy of an aquatic environment.

Before Ptychadena pujoli was described in 1997, it was mistakenly reported as Ptychadena bibroni (Hallowell, 1845); this was caused by a mistake in the original species description by Edward Hallowell. Ptychadena pujoli belongs to the so-called "Ptychadena stenocephala group", characterized by little webbing in the feet and by having sacral folds on the dorsum and tubercles on the feet. The other species in this group are Ptychadena arnei, Ptychadena ingeri, and Ptychadena tournieri; Ptychadena pujoli is most similar to Ptychadena tournieri.

Sacral vertebrae (e) compared to those of other basal sauropodomorphs Efraasia was once thought to be a relatively small dinosaur, about long, but this was because the most complete known fossils are from juvenile animals. Yates in 2003 has estimated the adult length at ; the largest specimen is SMNS 12843 with a femur length of . Efraasia was lightly built for its size, with gracile hands and feet. Like many "primitive" sauropodomorphs, Efraasia might have been partially bipedal and partly quadrupedal.

Day joined the Anatomy Department at RFHSM with the initial intent of becoming an orthopedic surgeon. However, when John Napier created the Unit of Primatology and Human Evolution (within the Anatomy Department) in 1954, Day was inspired to pursue a career in hominin evolution and abandon his plans to become an orthopedic surgeon. Consequently, he enrolled at the University of London and obtained his PhD in 1962 by defending his thesis on the blood supply to the lumbo-sacral plexus.

It was shot in an ancient monastery church. Falk Maria Schlegel commented that "Shooting the video in such a special and atmospheric place was incredible. The combination of the sacral interior of the church, including altar, confessional box and a church organ with a lot of fire, fog and metal insanity was the perfect set for a Powerwolf video." Their fourth album, titled Blood of the Saints, was released on 29 July 2011 in Europe and August 2 in the United States.

The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs. p. 123 Furthermore, stegosaurid sacral ribs are T-shaped in parasagittal cross-section and the dorsal vertebrae have an elongated neural arch. Stegosaurid specimens originally described under the genera Wuerhosaurus and Hesperosaurus were referred to the genus Stegosaurus, under the names Stegosaurus homheni and Stegosaurus mjosi, respectively, by Maidment et al. (2010). Furthermore, many Stegosaurus specimens that were previously believed to from different species, within the genus, were all assigned to Stegosaurus armatus.

Zagreb Cathedral, on the Kaptol, is a Roman Catholic institution and not only the tallest building in Croatia but also the most monumental sacral building in Gothic style southeast of the Alps. It is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and to kings Saint Stephen and Saint Ladislaus. The cathedral is typically Gothic, as is its sacristy, which is of great architectural value. Its prominent spires are considered to be landmarks as they are visible from most parts of the city.

C. beishanensis, known only from a single partial skeleton, is relatively poorly known compared to other primitive euornitheans. Chaoyangia were small, basal euornithean birds characterized by more than eight fused sacral vertebrae (those connected to the hips), uniquely long, slender, and angled uncinate processes on the ribs, and a distinct 'neck' in the upper leg bone (femur). Overall, the known skeleton is very similar to another primitive Chinese euornithean bird, Zhongjianornis, which is known from a much more complete skeleton.

Life restoration Although very damaged, the skull measures approximately , the arches and centra of the sacral vertebrae are not fused, which indicates that this specimen was not fully grown when it died, probably a juvenile individual. Its size is estimated at long with a weight between . Genus List for Holtz 2012 Weight Information However, due to the immature nature of the specimen, the adult size is estimated around , or similar to Protoceratops. The frill has large fenestrae bounded by very slender struts.

Until 907 (or 904), the Hungarian state was under joint rule (perhaps adopted from the Khazars). The kingship had been divided between the sacral king (some sources report the titles "prince"Kevin Alan Brook, The Jews of Khazaria, Rowman & Littlefield, 2009, p. 253 or "khan"Victor Spinei, The Great Migrations in the East and South East of Europe from the Ninth to the Thirteenth Century: Hungarians, Pechenegs and Uzes, Hakkert, 2006, p. 42), or Kende, and the military leader, or gyula.

He won his second Ironman 70.3 World Championship in September 2018, defeating his fellow Olympic champion Alistair Brownlee and defending champion Javier Gomez. However shortly after this victory he suffered a sacral fracture in his lower back as he was travelling home. This injury ruled him out of competition for the remainder of the year. His third Ironman World Championship win in 2019 came 13 months after the back injury that ended his hopes of starting at the 2018 World Championship.

Many women will benefit from a consultation with a physical therapist, a trial of anti-inflammatory medications, hormonal therapy, or even neurological agents. A hysterectomy is sometimes performed. Spinal cord stimulation has been explored as a potential treatment option for some time, however there remains to be consensus on where the optimal location of the spinal cord this treatment should be aimed. As the innervation of the pelvic region is from the sacral nerve roots, previous treatments have been aimed at this region; results have been mixed.

He mostly specialized in sacral architecture and was a precursor of the so-called Vistula-Baltic style. Since 1893, he collaborated with the Committee on Research into History of Art in Poland (Komisja do Badań Historii Sztuki w Polsce). In 1906, he was one of the co-founders of the Society for the Protection of Historical Monuments (Towarzystwo Opieki nad Zabytkami Przeszłości). Among his notable pupils were architects such as Franciszek Lilpop, Hugo Kruder, Czesław Domaniewski, Józef Holewiński, Zdzisław Mączeński, Feliks Michalski, Aleksander Nieniewski, and Ludwik Panczakiewicz.

This place later served as a place of prayer for diplomats working in Tirana, but Albanians were forbidden from praying in this place. A few Bektashi temples, including the sacral buildings were changed into cultural centres, warehouses and restaurants." In Tiranë during 1991, only two mosques were in a position to be used for worship and only nine Ottoman era mosques survived the communist dictatorship.. "Of the 1,127 mosques in Albania before the communist takeover, only fifty survived that era, most of them dilapidated.

The second sacral rib is flatter, and tilts diagonally so that its tapering rear edge is positioned higher than its front edge. A groove is present along the outer edge of this rib, roughly where it would connect to the ilium. The sacrum in general is similar to that of the rauisuchid Stagonosuchus, except for having thinner neural spines. The caudals (tail vertebrae) near the hip were tall and generally similar to the dorsals, except that their zygapophyses were inclined upwards at a higher angle.

Many of the beliefs in charms, the supernatural and the magical world survived Christianization and were incorporated in Popular Religion and a "Cultural Paganism" that was not always seen as being at odds with Christian beliefs.Owen-Crocker, Gale R. 1981. Rites and Religions of the Anglo-Saxons. Newton Abbot, Devon : Totowa, N.J.: David & Charles, Pg. 157 Charms were continued to be used and often contained zoomorphic symbolism such as the Wolf, Raven or Boar, obviously influenced by sacral worship of these creatures from Anglo-Saxon Paganism.

The thecal sac or dural sac is the membranous sheath (theca) or tube of dura mater that surrounds the spinal cord and the cauda equina. The thecal sac contains the cerebrospinal fluid which provides nutrients and buoyancy to the spinal cord. From the skull the tube adheres to bone at the foramen magnum and extends down to the second sacral vertebra where it tapers to cover over the filum terminale. Along most of the spinal canal it is separated from the inner surface by the epidural space.

350px Under the International Standard terminology, orthoses are classified by an acronym describing the anatomical joints which they contain.ISO 8549-3 For example, an ankle foot orthosis ('AFO') is applied to the foot and ankle, a thoracolumbosacral orthosis ('TLSO') affects the thoracic, lumbar and sacral regions of the spine. It is also useful to describe the function of the orthosis. Use of the International Standard is promoted to reduce the widespread variation in description of orthoses, which is often a barrier to interpretation of research studies.

Upper motor neurons synapse with lower motor neurons at the anterior horn of the spinal cord in the sacral plexus (formed from the anterior rami of spinal nerves L4, L5, S1–4). The lower motor neuron fibers continue down the sciatic nerve and then diverge into the tibial and common fibular nerves. The tibial nerve runs medially at the knee joint. When the tibial nerve receives an action potential, the plantaris muscle contracts, providing weak plantar flexion of the foot and weak flexion of the knee.

Monument of Mother Teresa next to the memorial house Construction of the house began in May 2008. The project was financed by the Government of Macedonia and carried out by the Ministry of Culture. It is a modern, transformed version of Mother Teresa's birth house with a multifunctional but sacral character. Inside the house, part of her relics are preserved, which were transferred to Skopje with support of the Roman Catholic Church of Skopje, an arrangement announced by Nikola Gruevski at the grand opening.

Medical massage is a controversial term in the massage profession. Many use it to describe a specific technique. Others use it to describe a general category of massage and many methods such as deep tissue massage, myofascial release and triggerpoint therapy as well as osteopathic techniques, cranial-sacral techniques and many more can be used to work with various medical conditions. Massage used in the medical field includes decongestive therapy used for lymphedema which can be used in conjunction with the treatment of breast cancer.

The Swiss Ecclesiastical Chant Federation (SECF) (in German Schweizerischer Kirchengesangsbund (SKGB), in French Fédération Suisse du Chant Ecclésiastique (FSCE), in Italian Federazione Svizzera del Canto Sacro (FSCS), in Romansh Federaziun Svizra dal Chant Sacral (FSCS) is the umbrella organisation of church choirs and chantries as well as of ecclesiastical and sacred music in general in Switzerland. The SECF has been founded in 1896 as federation of the Swiss-German choirs of the reformed churches. It nowadays has about 10000 members in about 325 choirs.

Still, the modern local community (mesna zajedinca) of the municipality of Vračar which comprises the neighbourhood is officially styled Vozarev Krst (Vozarov and Vozarev i.e. adjectives ending in -ov/-ev are variant spellings like English -ise/-ize), with a population of 12,736 in 2002 (excluding the Zvezdara part). In addition to Cross, two important sacral buildings in the neighbourhood are Orthodox Church of the Holy Protection of the Virgin and Roman Catholic Church of St Anthony. Church of the Holy Protection of the VirginBelgradeHeritage.

God's Wife (Egyptian ḥmt nṯr) is a title which was often allocated to royal women during the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt. The term indicates an inherited sacral duty, in which the role of "God's Wife" passed from mother to daughter. The role could also exist among siblings, as in the case of the role of "God's Wife" being shared or passed by daughters of Ahmose-Nefertari, Satamun (I) and her sister, Ahmose-Merytamun.Troy, L. 1986. Patterns of Queenship: in ancient Egyptian myth and history: 98. BOREAS14.

The swastika is drawn either left- facing or right-facing, sometimes with "feet" attached to its four legs. The symbol is closely related to the triskele, a symbol of three-fold rotational symmetry, which occurs on artefacts of the same period. When considered as a four-fold rotational symmetrical analogue of the triskele, the symbol is sometimes also referred to as tetraskele. The swastika symbol in the Germanic Iron Age has been interpreted as having a sacral meaning, associated with either Odin or Thor.

The hindlimbs are strongly reduced and does not articulate with the vertebral column which lack true sacral vertebrae. Basilosaurid forelimbs have broad and fan-shaped scapulae attached to a humerus, radius, and ulna which are flattened into a plane to which the elbow joint was restricted, effectively making pronation and supination impossible. Because of a shortage of forelimb fossils from other arachaocetes, it is not known if this arrangement is unique to basilosaurids. Some of the characteristics of basilosaurids are also present in Georgiacetus.

It extended far dorsally and was joined to the backbone by one or more specialized sacral ribs. The hind legs were somewhat specialized in that they not only supported weight, but also provided propulsion. The dorsal extension of the pelvis was the ilium, while the broad ventral plate was composed of the pubis in front and the ischium behind. The three bones met at a single point in the center of the pelvic triangle, called the acetabulum, providing a surface of articulation for the femur.

Veneration of God was also expressed by the relatively large size of these buildings. A gothic cathedral therefore not only invited the visitors to elevate themselves spiritually, it was also meant to demonstrate the greatness of God. The floor plan of a gothic cathedral corresponded to the rules of scholasticism: According to Erwin Panofsky's Gothic Architecture and Scholasticism, the plan was divided into sections and uniform subsections. These characteristics are exhibited by the most famous sacral building of the time: Notre Dame de Paris.

Examples of ' poetry start to appear as early as the 9th or 10th century. The full sense of the word is thought to come from the Syriac word ' () meaning "rhythm" or "a psalm verse". DIffinition of ܡܘܫܚܬܐ in Classical Syriacتعريف الموشحات الأندلسية, Al-Lutus Al-Muhajir The earliest muwaššaḥs in the Levant are thought to have been heavily influenced by the Syriac sacral music even retaining refrains in Syriac. Some relate it to the word for a type of double- banded ornamental belt, the '.

The Church of Saint George (Kostol svätého Juraja) is a simple one-nave church of pre-romanesque origin with later romanesque, baroque and modern extensions. It lies on the hill in the eastern part of the village. In 1960, the church acquired interest of experts after the discovery of medieval paintings and further research led to dating to the period before the second half of the 11th century. Subsequently, the church had been referenced in literature for decades as an oldest remaining sacral building in Slovakia.

Kyphosis is an abnormally excessive convex curvature of the spine as it occurs in the thoracic and sacral regions. Abnormal inward concave lordotic curving of the cervical and lumbar regions of the spine is called lordosis. It can result from degenerative disc disease; developmental abnormalities, most commonly Scheuermann's disease; osteoporosis with compression fractures of the vertebra; multiple myeloma; or trauma. A normal thoracic spine extends from the 1st thoracic to the 12th thoracic vertebra and should have a slight kyphotic angle, ranging from 20° to 45°.

In 17% of people, the piriformis muscle is pierced by parts or all of the sciatic nerve. Several variations occur, but the most common type of anomaly (81% of anomalies) is the Beaton's type B which is when the common peroneal nerve pierces the piriformis muscle. It may be united with the gluteus medius, send fibers to the gluteus minimus, or receive fibers from the superior gemellus. It may have one or two sacral attachments; or it may be inserted into the capsule of the hip joint.

The holotype consists of a complete skull, a mandible, series of 19 dorsal, sacral and caudal vertebrae, ribs, both ilia and a partial femur, from a single individual. It was discovered and collected during a 2009 expedition in the Metangula Graben, under the supervision of Projecto PalNiassa. ML1620 came from an unnamed fossiliferous unit located near Tulo, a small village situated along the Metangula-Cóbue road. The fossil bed is composed of a grey mudstone with abundant septaria-like calcareous concretions, dating to the Late Permian.

The Currarino syndrome is an inherited congenital disorder where either the sacrum (the fused vertebrae forming the back of the pelvis) is not formed properly, or there is a mass in the presacral space in front of the sacrum, and there are malformations of the anus or rectum. It occurs in approximately 1 in 100,000 people. Anterior sacral meningocele is the most common presacral mass in patients with Currarino syndrome occurring in 60% of cases. Its presence may significantly affect the surgical management of these patients.

The acetabulum is only partly open, and there are only two sacral vertebrae , the lowest number among dinosaurs. The pubic bone has a derived structure, being rotated somewhat posteriorly and folded to create a superficially tetanuran-like terminal expansion, especially prominent in H. ischigulastensis. The hand is primitive in having five metacarpals and the third finger longer than the second, but resembles those of theropods in having only three long fingers, with curved claws. Herrerasaurids also have a hinged mandible, which is also found in theropods.

Similarly sized thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and caudal vertebrae imply that it moved in an anguilliform fashion, but predominantly in the vertical plane. Paleontologist Philip D. Gingerich theorized that Basilosaurus may also have moved in a very odd, horizontal anguilliform fashion to some degree, something completely unknown in modern cetaceans. The vertebrae appear to have been hollow, and likely also fluid-filled. This would imply that Basilosaurus typically functioned in only two dimensions at the ocean surface, compared with the three-dimensional habits of most other cetaceans.

Shimon Rochkind, M.D., Ph.D., is an Israeli clinician and an operating neurosurgeon.Prof. Shimon Rochkind at Tel Aviv University website His professional interests include surgery on the peripheral nerves, the lumbar and sacral spine, brachial plexus and cauda equina, performed using innovative methods of microsurgery. He pioneered the use of the laser therapy for the treatment of injuries in the peripheral nervous system. Currently he dedicates a fair share of his time to the scientific work: developing the matrix for peripheral nerve and spinal cord reconstruction.

The entrance portal in this part of the church was built in the middle of the 14th century. There are reliefs on the edge of the portal. One of them is Mikuláš Písecký himself, builder of the monumental tower and in his text is written about the construction of the tower. Other reliefs possibly show the king Vladislaus II of Hungary (Jagiellon) and his son Louis II. There is a pointed window above the entrance portal, which is decorated by sacral motifs and statues.

The representation was designed as part of a larger scene showing "Gessler's death", one of seven scenes created for the Swiss National Museum competition. Hodler's depiction of Tell was often described as sacral, and compared to classical depictionons of God Father, Moses, John the Baptist, Jesus, or the Archangel Michael. In Tell's bearded face, Hodler combines self-portrait with allusion the face of Christ.Stückelberger, J. (1996). Hodlers Weg zum Nationalmaler am Beispiel seines „Wilhelm Tell“. In: Zeitschrift für schweizerische Archäologie und Kunstgeschichte 53/4 (1996), .

The generic name is derived from kamuy, meaning "deity" in Ainu, the language of the original inhabitants of Hokkaido. The specific name japonicus, "japanese" in Neolatin, refers to the provenance from Japan. The holotype, HMG-1219, has been found in a marine layer of the Hakobuchi Formation, part of the Yezo Group, dating from the early Maastrichtian, between 72.4 and 70.6 million years old. It consists of a nearly complete skeleton with skull, only missing the snout, parts of the sacral vertebrae and phalanges.

An alternative method, using limb length and body mass, found Apatosaurus grew per year, and reached its full mass before it was about 70years old. These estimates have been called unreliable because the calculation methods are not sound; old growth lines would have been obliterated by bone remodelling. One of the first identified growth factors of Apatosaurus was the number of sacral vertebrae, which increased to five by the time of the creature's maturity. This was first noted in 1903 and again in 1936.

Antlerpeton had several adaptations for a terrestrial lifestyle. While early tetrapods like Ichthyostega and Acanthostega were mostly aquatic, Antlerpeton could probably move effectively on land with its robust legs and pelvic girdle. The femur is large, and many bony ridges provide anchorage for muscles that would have been useful for both swimming and moving on land. The thickened pubis and acetabulum of the pelvic girdle and the large sacral vertebrae that connect it with the vertebral column allowed Antlerpeton to withstand the stresses of terrestrial locomotion.

The intermediolateral nucleus (IML) is a region of grey matter found in one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord, the lateral grey column. This is Rexed lamina VII. The intermediolateral cell column exists at vertebral levels T1 – L2 and mediates the entire sympathetic innervation of the body, but the nucleus resides in the grey matter of the spinal cord. Rexed Lamina VII contains several well defined nuclei including the nucleus dorsalis (Clarke's column), the intermediolateral nucleus, and the sacral autonomic nucleus.

Bombardment damage in Osijek A standard minefield marking Official figures on wartime damage published in Croatia in 1996 specify 180,000 destroyed housing units, 25% of the Croatian economy destroyed, and US$27 billion of material damage. Europe Review 2003/04 estimated the war damage at US$37 billion in damaged infrastructure, lost economic output, and refugee-related costs, while GDP dropped 21% in the period.Europe Review (2003), p. 75 15 percent of housing units and 2,423 cultural heritage structures, including 495 sacral structures, were destroyed or damaged.

As with external rectal prolapse, there are a great many different surgical interventions described. Generally, a section of rectal wall can be resected (removed), or the rectum can be fixed (rectopexy) to its original position against the sacral vertebrae, or a combination of both methods. Surgery for internal rectal prolapse can be via the abdominal approach or the transanal approach. It is clear that there is a wide spectrum of symptom severity, meaning that some patients may benefit from surgery and others may not.

On either side of the base is a large projection known as an ala of sacrum and these alae (wings) articulate with the sacroiliac joints. The alae support the psoas major muscles and the lumbosacral trunk which connects the lumbar plexus with the sacral plexus. In the articulated pelvis the alae are continuous with the iliac fossa. Each ala is slightly concave from side to side, and convex from the back and gives attachment to a few of the fibers of the iliacus muscle.

There are hardly any limits to the kind of actions that may be incorporated into a ritual. The rites of past and present societies have typically involved special gestures and words, recitation of fixed texts, performance of special music, songs or dances, processions, manipulation of certain objects, use of special dresses, consumption of special food, drink, or drugs, and much more.(Tolbert 1990a, 1990b; Wilce 2006) Catherine Bell argues that rituals can be characterized by formalism, traditionalism, invariance, rule-governance, sacral symbolism and performance.

Tomasz Zamoyski, the second entailer, and his wife Katarzyna built The Franciscan Church Dedicated to The Annunciation in the Baroque style. The biggest temple in Zamość (56 metres long and 29 metres wide), it was regarded as one of the most prominent 17th-century churches in Poland. It was embellished with a very rich décor by Jan Michał Link. In 1784 the Austrians closed down the Franciscan Order and as a result the church lost its sacral function for many years, housing a cinema and secondary school.

Restoration showing side to side undulation Additionally, the pelvic girdle and pelvic fins of Panderichthys represents an intermediate in the fish-tetrapod evolution. During the fish-tetrapod evolution the pelvic girdle became a weight bearing structure when the ilium, meso-ventral contact of the sides of the girdle, an ilium, and a sacral rib developed. The femur and humerus became longer and the radius/ulna and tibia/fibula became more equal in length. In general, the pelvic girdle in Panderichthys is more primitive than the pectoral girdle.

The architectural concept of the space indicates it was not originally intended to be a chapel. It is a long room with two bays of ribbed groin vaults divided by a wide stone strip. The windows facing into the courtyard and into the street are plain and of rectangular shape. The room lacks liturgical requisites except for the murals with a sacral theme, dating back to 1310, which suggest the space was a chapel, despite the walls dating back to the second half of the 13th century.

Križ is an historic place and centre of "Ivanić region". The history of Križ, or "Križ pod Obedom" as it was once called, is closely tied to the history of "Ivanić Grad and Kloštar Ivanić", even though Križ has some unique roots, too. As customary in the past, the place was named after a sacral monument – the church of the Assumption of the Holy Cross. "Križ" (meaning Cross) is indirectly mentioned for the first time in 1334 when it was recorded as one of Zagreb Diocese parishes.

New dinosaur species may give clues to evolutionary origin of megaraptorid clade ScienceDaily July 20, 2016 Coria & Currie established some distinguishing traits of Murusraptor. The front branch of the lacrimal is longer than the descending branch is high. In the lower jaw, the surangular shows a bone shelf at its outer side, under the groove between the front surangular opening and the notch for the upper rear branch of the dentary, contributing to the side joint. The sacral ribs are hollow and tube- like.

The upper and lower jaws of Tyrannosaurus, like those of many dinosaurs, possessed numerous foramina, or small holes in the bone. Various functions have been proposed for these foramina, such as a crocodile-like sensory system or evidence of extra-oral structures such as scales or potentially lips. The vertebral column of Tyrannosaurus consisted of ten neck vertebrae, thirteen back vertebrae and five sacral vertebrae. The number of tail vertebrae is unknown and could well have varied between individuals but probably numbered at least forty.

The group can be defined as the most inclusive clade that includes Saltasaurus loricatus but excludes Brachiosaurus altithorax. Features found as diagnostic of this clade by Mannion et al. (2013) include the possession of at least 15 cervical vertebrae; a bevelled radius bone end; sacral vertebrae with camellate internal texture; convex posterior articular surfaces of middle to posterior caudal vertebrae; biconvex distal caudal vertebrae; humerus anterolateral corner "squared"; among multiple others. The following cladogram demonstrates the results of the phylogenetic analysis performed by Fernández-Baldor et al.

Based on their size, details and robust frame, it is believed that they were part of some monumental construction from the Roman Antiquity period. Reliefs, or the "stone plastics", are still visible and they form a singular pattern on all three stones. That points to the conclusion that they are either segments of a sacral architecture, but more likely of a large public building, most certainly built before the 4th century, from the period of the golden age of the nearby Singidunum, modern Belgrade.

This shows that the taxon diverged early from the stem and evolved separately as a distinct lineage by the Early Cretaceous in East Asia. The skull is described as being short and wide and is well preserved. The maxillary region is less well-preserved but it can be determined that each premaxilla bears 18-20 slender and conical teeth, and the maxilla bears approximately 40-50 fine pedicellate teeth. The vertebral column consists of nine presacral vertebrae, a single sacral vertebra, and a free urostyle.

The church is part of a unique urban entity situated on an elevated place in the village centre. Apart from the church hall, there's a separate bell tower, an adjacent cemetery and a wooden enclosure with a shingle roof and an entrance gate covered by a conical and an onion shape roof. The church itself is a prototype church of the so-called Lemko type. It dates back to 1658 and belongs to the oldest wooden sacral buildings of the Eastern Rites in Slovakia.

Since her career was interrupted by the World War I, an Načić for a short time managed to finish many designs, she was innovative and brave in her projects, and she managed to try working in different fields of her profession. She was pretty successful in urbanism and designing of the private, public and sacral structures. After the imprisonment in the concentration camp of Neusiedl am See,S. Dimitrijević, Our First female architect – Jelisaveta Načić, The Lady of the Beautiful Stairs, Politikin Zabavnik, no.

Backward failure of the right ventricle leads to congestion of systemic capillaries. This generates excess fluid accumulation in the body. This causes swelling under the skin (termed peripheral edema or anasarca) and usually affects the dependent parts of the body first (causing foot and ankle swelling in people who are standing up, and sacral edema in people who are predominantly lying down). Nocturia (frequent night-time urination) may occur when fluid from the legs is returned to the bloodstream while lying down at night.

It supplies motor innervation to iliopsoas, pectineus, sartorius, and quadriceps; and sensory branches to the anterior thigh, medial lower leg, and posterior foot. The nerves of the sacral plexus pass behind the hip joint to innervate the posterior part of the thigh, most of the lower leg, and the foot. The superior (L4-S1) and inferior gluteal nerves (L5-S2) innervate the gluteus muscles and the tensor fasciae latae. The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (S1-S3) contributes sensory branches to the skin on the posterior thigh.

The experiment ended in 1985 when rebel forces arrived in the area, a disaster the elders naturally attributed to letting women manage cattle. Toposa Elder There is no clear political organization among the Toposa, although respect is paid to elders, chiefs and wise men. Most decisions about the clan or community are made in meetings attended only by the men, traditionally held in the dark hours before the dawn. Matters of war and peace are decided by the sections councils of the elders, and the elders have sacral power over rain and drought.

It has been suggested that the Augustinian friar and cardinal, Giles of Viterbo, was a consultant for the theological aspect of the work. Many writers consider that Michelangelo had the intellect, the biblical knowledge, and the powers of invention to have devised the scheme himself. This is supported by Ascanio Condivi's statement that Michelangelo read and reread the Old Testament while he was painting the ceiling, drawing his inspiration from the words of the scripture, rather than from the established traditions of sacral art.Graham- Dixon 2008, p. 181ff.

Following her solo exhibition in 2017, she has established herself as a contemporary artist with own recognition value. In 2018, Mahbuba Elham Maqsoodi participated and won an art competition to design 34 new windows for Germany’s oldest Benedict monastery in Tholey. It is worth noting that alongside Mahbuba, the artist Gerhard Richter has been contracted to design 3 of the windows of the Tholey project. In total, all of the new windows for Tholey are considered to be one of the most important projects in sacral architecture and art history in Germany.

The Rällinge statuette, believed to depict Freyr, Viking Age. Freyr (Old Norse: Lord), sometimes anglicized as Frey, is a widely attested god in Norse mythology, associated with sacral kingship, virility, peace and prosperity, with sunshine and fair weather, and with good harvest. Freyr, sometimes referred to as Yngvi-Freyr, was especially associated with Sweden and seen as an ancestor of the Swedish royal house. According to Adam of Bremen, Freyr was associated with peace and pleasure, and was represented with a phallic statue in the Temple at Uppsala.

There is also a colourful altar at the backyard of the cathedral. The cathedral's organ was built in 1711 by the French immigrant, Claudio Febres. One of the baptismal fonts, which had been located at the cathedral and was used to baptize Simón Bolívar, the liberator of Venezuela, is now located in the courtyard at the home of this birth. The sacral art in the cathedral contains among others The Resurrection by Rubens, the Presentation of the Virgin by Murillo, and the Last Supper, an unfinished work by the Venezuelan painter Arturo Michelena.

Most of the discovered vertebrae were still connected together, forming a continuous series of eight dorsal, six sacral and thirty-four caudal vertebrae. An additional three vertebrae were found isolated from the series and may belong to the transitional area between back and neck. The remaining parts of the skeleton were shifted slightly out of their original anatomical position. Both the left limb and rib bones were found on the right side of the body, while conversely the right limb and rib bones were found on the left side.

It was inferred that all dinosaurs had such complex tongue bones but that these were generally lost during fossilisation. Metacarpus of a juvenile specimen Life reconstruction of a Pinacosaurus by Jack Mayer Wood The postcranial skeleton of the known fossils is rather lightly built. Most of these represent juveniles, however: even specimen IMM 96BM3/1, the P. mephistocephalus holotype, is no longer than about . Juveniles had four rear back vertebrae fused into a "sacral rod", three true sacrals, and a tail base of seven vertebrae possessing transverse processes.

Between 1886 and 1904 he designed numerous villas for artists and publicists in Munich, including the houses for Anton Heß, the genre painter Eduard von Grützner, the publisher Georg Hirth and the brewer Joseph Schülein. He also planned the Richard- Wagner-Straße street with the Royal School of Applied Arts (Female Department) and the apartment building at Schackstraße 2. His most outstanding creative achievement is the construction of the parish church St. Benno in Munich. Today it is considered one of the most important artistic examples of Neo- Romanesque sacral architecture in southern Germany.

The lateral rotator group is a group of six small muscles of the hip which all externally (laterally) rotate the femur in the hip joint. It consists of the following muscles: Piriformis, gemellus superior, obturator internus, gemellus inferior, quadratus femoris and the obturator externus. All muscles in the lateral rotator group originate from the hip bone and insert on to the upper extremity of the femur. The muscles are innervated by the sacral plexus (L4-S2), except the obturator externus muscle, which is innervated by the lumbar plexus.

Uveitis with poliosis of the eyelashes The disease is characterised by bilateral diffuse uveitis, with pain, redness and blurring of vision. The eye symptoms may be accompanied by a varying constellation of systemic symptoms, such as auditory (tinnitus, vertigo, and hypoacusis), neurological (meningismus, with malaise, fever, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, stiffness of the neck and back, or a combination of these factors; meningitis, CSF pleocytosis, cranial nerve palsies, hemiparesis, transverse myelitis and ciliary ganglionitis), and cutaneous manifestations, including poliosis, vitiligo, and alopecia. The vitiligo often is found at the sacral region.

A good example of the relationship of Chinese mythology and ritual is the Yubu, also known as the Steps or Paces of Yu. During the course of his activities in controlling the Great Flood, Yu was supposed to have so fatigued himself that he lost all the hair from his legs and developed a serious limp. Daoist practitioners sometimes incorporate a curiously choreographed pedal locomotion into various rituals. Mythology and practice, one explains the other: in these rituals, the sacred time of Yu merges with the sacral practice of the present.

This is caused by the evolution of Hox genes, controlling limb morphogenesis. The axial skeleton of the snakes’ common ancestor, like most other tetrapods, had regional specializations consisting of cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (lower back), sacral (pelvic), and caudal (tail) vertebrae. Early in snake evolution, the Hox gene expression in the axial skeleton responsible for the development of the thorax became dominant. As a result, the vertebrae anterior to the hindlimb buds (when present) all have the same thoracic-like identity (except from the atlas, axis, and 1–3 neck vertebrae).

J R Soc Med 1988;81:503–80 Dissection along this plane facilitates a straightforward dissection and preserves the sacral vessels and hypogastric nerves and is a sphincter-sparing resection and decreases permanent stoma rates. It is possible to rejoin the two ends of the colon; however, most patients require a temporary ileostomy pouch to bypass the colon, allowing it to heal with less risk of infection, perforation or leakage. TME has become the "gold standard" treatment for rectal cancer Worldwide. The operation can be done by open surgery, laparoscopic or Robot-assisted.

Christian 341. The institution of separate sacral ruler and military commander may be observed in the reconstructed relationship between Oleg and Igor, but whether this is part of the Rus' Khaganate's legacy to its successor-state is unknown. The early Kievan Rus' principalities exhibited certain distinctive characteristics in their government, military organization, and jurisprudence that were comparable to those in force among the Khazars and other steppe peoples; some historians believe that these elements came to Kievan Rus' from the Khazars by way of the earlier Rus' Khagans.Brutzkus 111.

Lusovenator (meaning "Portuguese hunter") is a genus of carcharodontosaurian theropod dinosaur, from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Praia de Amoreira Porto-Novo Member of the Lourinhã Formation in present-day Portugal. It includes one species, Lusovenator santosi. The known remains consist of the holotype SHN.036 "a partial postcranial skeleton preserving odontoid, atlantal intercentrum, a cervical vertebra, isolated cervical neural spines, dorsal vertebrae, fragments of sacral vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, chevrons, fragments of cervical and dorsal ribs, right ilium, both pubes, and ischia", thought to represent a juvenile individual, and the paratype SHN.

Gozinaki or Gozinaqi ( ) is a traditional Georgian confection made of caramelized nuts, usually walnuts, fried in honey, and served exclusively on New Year's Eve and Christmas. In the western Georgian provinces of Imereti and Racha, it was sometimes called Churchkhela, a name more commonly applied to walnuts sewn onto a string, dipped in thickened white grape juice and dried. In several of Georgia's rural areas, both walnuts and honey used to have sacral associations. According to a long-established tradition, Gozinaki is a mandatory component of New Year's Eve/Christmas celebration.

Among these features are the wide first primordial sacral, a long and laterally deflected illiac blade, and anterolaterally-projected basipterygoid processes. This is the cladogram from the study, after Desojo, Ezcurra & Schultz, 2011: A 2017 analysis found that Archeopelta, rather than being a doswelliid, was actually an archosaur closely related to this genus, Erpetosuchus. In 2013, Lucas, Spielmann, and Hunt claimed that Archeopelta was a junior synonym of Tarjadia due to a lack of distinguishing features between the two. However, Ezcurra (2016) provided several differences between the two genera.

Size compared to a human Massospondylus was a mid-size sauropodomorph, around in length and weighed approximately 1000 kilograms (2200 lb), although a few sources have estimated its length at up to . It was a typical early sauropodomorph, with a slender body, a long neck and a proportionally very small head. Life restoration of a bipedal adult M. carinatus The vertebral column was composed of nine cervical (neck) vertebrae, 13 dorsal (back) vertebrae, three sacral (hip) vertebrae, and at least 40 caudal (tail) vertebrae. The pubis faced forward, as with most saurischians.

The archaeological excavations at this site were conducted in several seasons, commencing in 2005 and were carried out systematically until 2010 by the staff of the Museum of Kosovo, particularly the Archaeological Institute of Kosovo.Fatmir Peja, Bedia Rraci, Arben Hajdari, The Castle of Harilaq, Prishtinë, Museum of Kosova and the Municipality of Fushë Kosova, 2012, Pg. 11. Nonetheless, several conservations and consolidations of the circuit walls were done in order to preserve the remains. During the five archaeological seasons' works, numerous remains and foundations of sacral, profane and utilitarian buildings were discovered.

From 1834 to 1873 Danil threw himself into the Biedermeier and the sacral painting based on the school of Vienna Nazarene movement, and became one of its regional leaders. He worked in his own atelier at 37 Tsar Dušan Street in Veliki Bečkerek where numerous Serbian artists were apprenticed, including poet-painter Đura Jakšić and artist Lazar Nikolić, who wrote a biography of his teacher. Danil was a Serbian Orthodox Christian. In 1872 his wife, Sofia Dely, died, and a year later (1873), Danil died in Veliki Bečkerek (Zrenjanin) on 13 May.

The lumbar plexus is a web of nerves (a nervous plexus) in the lumbar region of the body which forms part of the larger lumbosacral plexus. It is formed by the divisions of the first four lumbar nerves (L1-L4) and from contributions of the subcostal nerve (T12), which is the last thoracic nerve. Additionally, the ventral rami of the fourth lumbar nerve pass communicating branches, the lumbosacral trunk, to the sacral plexus. The nerves of the lumbar plexus pass in front of the hip joint and mainly support the anterior part of the thigh.

The church interior is a longitudinal oval room with four short barrel vaults with crossed arms, which are surmounted by the large drum dome. The monumental effect of the interior arises mainly from the simplicity of the building and the towering height of the dominant drum dome. The design is reminiscent of the inner shape of the Karlskirche in Vienna, which was the second sacral masterpiece by Fischer von Erlach. The large dome fresco inside the church, Coronation of the Virgin, was executed by Johann Michael Rottmayr between 1697 and 1700.

In C. rhodesiensis, healed fractures of the tibia and metatarsus have been observed, but are very rare. "[T]he supporting butresses of the second sacral rib" in one specimen of Syntarsus rhodesiensis showed signs of fluctuating asymmetry. Fluctuating asymmetry results from developmental disturbances and is more common in populations under stress and can therefore be informative about the quality of conditions a dinosaur lived under.Molnar, R. E., 2001, Theropod paleopathology: a literature survey: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, p. 337-363.

The collection consists of the religious paintings, portraits of the church dignitaries, old Serbian engravings, handwritten and printed srbuljas, numerous chasubles, sacral objects, votive offerings, religious embroideries, seals, historical documents, etc. The most valuable artifacts include the rich collection of Byzantine-style icons from the period of Ottoman rule, the robe of Prince Lazar with his heraldic mark on the buttons (a helmet with the ox horns), the shroud of King Milutin and a glass donated to the Mileševa monastery by Ivan the Terrible in 1558 (his grandmother was Serbian noble Ana Jakšić).

In addition to completeness of injury, the location of damage on the spinal cord influences how much sexual function is retained or regained after injury. Injuries can occur in the cervical (neck), thoracic (back), lumbar (lower back), or sacral (pelvic) levels. Between each pair of vertebrae, spinal nerves branch off of the spinal cord and carry information to and from specific parts of the body. The location of injury to the spinal cord maps to the body, and the area of skin innervated by a specific spinal nerve, is called a dermatome.

Preliminary examination showed that the stones are indeed archaeological artifacts. Based on their size, details, and robust frame, it is believed that they were part of some monumental construction from the Roman Antiquity period. Reliefs, or the "stone plastics", are still visible and they form a singular pattern on all three stones. That points to the conclusion that they are either segments of a sacral architecture, but more likely of a large public building, most certainly built before the 4th century, from the period of the golden age of the nearby Singidunum, modern Belgrade.

Apatornis also lacked the ossified tendons covering the top of the sacral region in Ichthyornis. In a 2004 paper, Julia Clarke noted that the few unique characteristics preserved in the A. celer specimen, rather than suggesting a close relationship with Ichthyornis as originally thought, actually suggest it is more closely related to modern birds, a hypothesis also supported by Hope in 2002. Its exact relationships are unresolved, mainly due to the paucity of fossil remains. Though it has sometimes been considered to be closely related to modern waterfowl (Anseriformes),Chiappe, L.M., & Dyke, G.J. (2002).

The surface where the vertebrae join is flat rather than revolute, which would have made the series more flexible than that of terrestrial relatives. For the four preserved sacral vertebrae, the transverse processes of S1 are smaller than those of L8, and form a robust sacroiliac joint with the hip. For the spinous processes, those of S1–S3 are fused. Metapophyses jut straight up from each lamina near the joint, progressively getting smaller with each vertebra. The holotype preserves 26 ribs, though it is thought to have had 32 in life.

Glowing emblems in front of his body represent five of the chakra (centers of vital energy): The root chakra, the sacral chakra, the solar plexus chakra, the heart chakra, and the brow chakra (or third eye). His multicolored hair indicates the crown chakra, which symbolizes the higher consciousness that comes with freedom from illusion. In his right hand he holds a lingam, a stone symbol of Shiva; in his left is a trishula, a symbolic trident with numerous meanings. It represents Shiva's power over the "three worlds" (trailokya), the "three times", and the "three evils".

The right jaw is better preserved than the left; at least 13 teeth were present in the right maxilla (the main tooth- bearing bone of the upper jaw), and 17 to 18 teeth were present in the right dentary, which held teeth in lower jaw. There was an unusually tall bony process on the coronoid, a bone of the lower jaw. Impressions of part of the brain and other cranial nervous tissue were found in the braincase. The backbone is incomplete, but 51 neck, 17 back, four sacral, and 12 tail vertebrae were preserved.

OUM J13576, an articulated sacrum Although the exact numbers are unknown, the vertebral column of Megalosaurus was probably divided into ten neck vertebrae, thirteen dorsal vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae and fifty to sixty tail vertebrae, as is common for basal Tetanurae. The Stonesfield Slate material contains no neck vertebrae; but a single broken anterior cervical vertebra is known from the New Park Quarry, specimen BMNH R9674. The breakage reveals large internal air chambers. The vertebra is also otherwise heavily pneumatised, with large pleurocoels, pneumatic excavations, on its sides.

Natchitochia is an extinct protocetid early whale known from the Middle Eocene (Bartonian, ) Cook Mountain Formation in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana (, paleocoordinates ).. Retrieved July 2013.. Retrieved July 2013. Natchitochia is known from three incomplete ribs and thirteen vertebrae of which four are thoracics, five lumbars, one sacral, two caudals, and one of indeterminable position. Natchitochia is significantly larger than most other early protocetids, except Eocetus and Pappocetus. The vertebrae of Natchitochia are smaller than those of Eocetus and lack (1) elongated lumbar centra and (2) the ventral keel seen on the vertebrae of Pappocetus.

1999 saw Bissi on another small-scale tour project with a six-piece acoustic band, exploring and interpreting sacral and spiritual – but not exclusively religious – music, performing in smaller venues and churches in the North of Italy. God Is My DJ, which also was recorded and released by Warner Music, comprised works by composers as diverse as Arvo Pärt, David Crosby, Popol Vuh, Eleni Karaindrou, Gavin Bryars, Franco Battiato and Jane Siberry, French, Hungarian and Livonian traditionals, as well as 11th and 14th century hymns sung in Ancient Greek and Latin.

From 1976-1979, Visger attended the University of Colorado on a football scholarship, where he majored in Fisheries Biology and made the traveling squad as a true freshman. Under head coach Bill Mallory, Colorado won the 1976 Big Eight Championship and played Ohio State in the 1977 Orange Bowl. Visger was a three-year starter earning honorable mention All Big Eight and The Regiment Award in 1979. Two weeks before the 1980 draft, Visger unknowingly fractured his sacral 8 vertebrae and played his entire rookie season with a broken back.

Architecture concept of the object belongs to the citizen folk architecture and presents a complex of buildings with tekkes, tyrbes (small mausoleums), samahane (ritual prayer hall), fountains, houses and other following buildings. Interior and exterior are rich in carved woodwork. This building is explicit for its guestroom on the second floor shaped in octagon form. It's very interesting monument architecture wise, because it presents a rare sample of sacral architecture that will serve for studying, as tourism attraction, but also as a religious building encumbered with many tangible and spiritual heritage values.

Nevertheless, they still advocated a change in type because C. medius is known only from undiagnostic material. Its syntype series consists of eleven separate tail vertebrae, (specimina OUMNH J13693–13703), some sacral ribs with a foot bone (metatarsal, OUMNH J13704–13712), a hand bone (metacarpal, OUMNH J13748), and a claw (OUMNH J13721), probably from different fossil sites and different individuals. The ICZN accepted the proposal to change the type species in 2014 (Opinion 2331), officially making C. oxoniensis the type species in place of the original C. medius.International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 2014.

Venkataramana is credited with over 25000 neurosurgeries over the past 30 years. Reports credit him with the first neuroendoscopic surgery, CT Guided stereotactic surgery, Deep Brain Stimulation surgery for Parkinson's disease and sacral nerve stimulation for neurogenic bladder dysfunction in Karnataka. He has performed the Disc Nucleoplasty for lumbar and cervical disc prolapse and the transplantation of autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells for Parkinson's disease for the first time in India. He is known to have introduced microdialysis of brain and stem cell therapy for cerebral palsy for the first time in Asia.

The Ket traditional culture was researched by Matthias Castrén, Vasiliy Ivanovich Anuchin, Kai Donner, Hans Findeisen, and Yevgeniya Alekseyevna Alekseyenko.Hoppál 2005: 170–171 Shamanism was a living practice into the 1930s, but by the 1960s almost no authentic shamans could be found. Shamanism is not a homogeneous phenomenon, nor is shamanism in Siberia. As for shamanism among Kets, it shared characteristics with those of Turkic and Mongolic peoples.Hoppál 2005: 172 Additionally, there were several types of Ket shamans,Alekseyenko 1978Hoppál 2005: 171 differing in function (sacral rites, curing), power, and associated animals (deer, bear).

Women often experience additional symptoms that include painful urination (dysuria) and cervicitis. Herpetic proctitis (inflammation of the anus and rectum) is common for individuals participating in anal intercourse. After 2–3 weeks, existing lesions progress into ulcers and then crust and heal, although lesions on mucosal surfaces may never form crusts. In rare cases, involvement of the sacral region of the spinal cord can cause acute urinary retention and one- sided symptoms and signs of myeloradiculitis (a combination of myelitis and radiculitis): pain, sensory loss, abnormal sensations (paresthesia) and rash.

Jashar Pasha Mosque The Jashar Pasha Mosque, located in the historic centre of the city of Pristina, is a remarkable and notable part of Ottoman cultural heritage in this part of the Balkans. It was named after Jashar Mehmet Pasha, a wealthy citizen of Pristina and mayor of Skopje in 1842. Inscriptions found inside the mosque led to the conclusion that it was built in 1834. Jashar Pasha Mosque is a typical architectural monument for old cities with Ottoman heritage. It symbolizes a sacral building of ‘Kosovar style’ with an acknowledgement of oriental influence.

The dome of the Moscow cathedral is higher so, 77,37 m vs 103,4 m. Interestingly, both cathedrals resemble the Haghia Sophia in its structural design, they've been designed based on the arrangement of the central square in the Haghia Sophia. Thus they exemplify the importance of the imperial Byzantine church for main edifices in Orthodox sacral architecture. On the inspiration that was drawn from Haghia Sophia, Deroko noted that two guiding principles were followed in designs for the Church of Saint Sava – the imperative of functionality of planning, and the monumentality of space and form.

The mature Gothic style was represented not only in architecture, but also in sacral wooden sculpture. The Altar of Veit Stoss in St. Mary's Basilica in Kraków is one of the most magnificent art works of its kind in Europe. University of Kraków – Collegium Maius courtyard Kraków University, which stopped functioning after the death of Casimir the Great, was renewed and rejuvenated around 1400. Augmented by a theology department, the "academy" was supported and protected by Queen Jadwiga and the Jagiellonian dynasty members, which is reflected in its present name: the Jagiellonian University.

Qaisracetus has a generalized protocetid skull with the external nares located relatively anteriorly (above C1) and a relatively broad frontal shield. The rostrum is more narrow in Qaisracetus than in Takracetus. The four sacral vertebrae are only partially fused: the first two are solidly fused, the third is locked in place by rib- like processes (a pleurapophyseal synchondrosis), while the fourth has a caudal (tail-like) morphology including two ventral chevron processes. The fusion between S1 and S2 distinguished Qaisracetus from other protocetids such as Protocetus, Rodhocetus, Gaviacetus, Natchitochia, and Georgiacetus.

At nine weeks, male differentiation of the gonads and the testes is well underway. Internal changes include the formation of the tubular seminar Chris tubules in the Rete testis from the primary sex cord. Developing on the outside surface of each testis is a Phibro muscular cord called the gubernaculum. This structure attaches to the inferior portion of the testis and extends to the labial sacral fold of the same side at the same time, a portion of the embryonic mesonephric duct adjacent to the testis becomes attached and convoluted informs the epididymis.

It is said to be the greatest cupola building in central and northern Europe. Furthermore, the Frauenkirche is the largest church in Dresden, leading Dresden to be one of the few places where a cathedral is not the largest Christian sacral building. The basilica of Santa Maria della Salute in Venice is said to be a model for the Frauenkirche whose cupola was originally planned as a timber construction. During this period, architectural style in Dresden was significantly inspired by Venice, Florence and other landmarks in northern Italy.

The Hypsilophodon fossils were probably accumulated in a single mass mortality event, so it has been considered likely that the animals moved in large groups. For these reasons, the hypsilophodonts, particularly Hypsilophodon, have often been referred to as the "deer of the Mesozoic". Some indications about the reproductive habits are provided by the possibility of sexual dimorphism: Galton considered it likely that exemplars with five instead of six sacral vertebrae — with some specimens the vertebra that should normally count as the first of the sacrum has a rib not touching the pelvis — represented female individuals.

At the time of the year when the sun was returning, butter (which melts in the sunshine) was smeared on the doorposts, as a sacrifice to Beivve, so that she could gain strength during her convalescence and go higher and higher in the sky. At the summer solstice, people made sun-rings out of leaves and pinned them up in her honor. On these occasions, they also ate butter as a sacral meal. At the time of the year when Beivve returned, prayers were made for the people who were mentally ill.

The conversion of the Germanic peoples began with the conversion of the Germanic nobility, who were expected to impose their new faith on the general population. This expectation was consistent with the sacral position of the king in Germanic paganism: the king is charged with interacting with the divine on behalf of his people. Hence the general population saw nothing wrong with their kings choosing their preferred mode of worship. The favoured method of showing the supremacy of the Christian belief was the destruction of the holy trees of the Germans.

Since the three- horse yoking was uncommon, trigarius may also mean a participant in the equestrian exercises of the trigarium in general.Pliny, Natural History 29.9. Isidore of Seville comments on the sacral origin of chariot races as part of the public games (ludi), which were held in conjunction with certain religious festivals. The four-horse quadriga, Isidore says, represents the sun, and the two-horse biga the moon; the triga is for the infernal gods (di inferi), with the three horses representing the three ages of human beings: childhood, youth, and old age.

There are two tail spike pairs that are very slender and elongated, with 90% of the thighbone length. The last spike pair has their greatest width at a quarter of the shaft length, measured from below. The lower joint surface of the condyles of the thighbone is limited to the underside. As a further possible autapomorphy, Alcovasaurus is different from the Jurassic North American stegosaurians Stegosaurus stenops, Stegosaurus sulcatus and Hesperosaurus in that its sacrum is connected to the ilia by six pairs of sacral ribs instead of four.

The bones are fully ossified and the vertebrae interlock with each other by means of overlapping processes. The pectoral girdle is supported by muscle, and the well-developed pelvic girdle is attached to the backbone by a pair of sacral ribs. The ilium slopes forward and the body is held closer to the ground than is the case in mammals. Skeleton of the Surinam horned frog (Ceratophrys cornuta) In most amphibians, there are four digits on the fore foot and five on the hind foot, but no claws on either.

Biliary atresia seems to affect females slightly more often than males, and Asians and African Americans more often than Caucasians. It is common for only one child in a pair of twins or within the same family to have the condition. There seems to be no link to medications or immunizations given immediately before or during pregnancy. Diabetes during pregnancy particularly during the first trimester seems to predispose to a number of distinct congenital abnormalities in the infant such as sacral agenesis, transposition of the great vessels and the syndromic form of biliary atresia.

In order to study Onuf's nucleus from the opposite perspective (meaning cases where it was not preserved) studies were done on Shy–Drager syndrome. Shy–Drager syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disease that attacks the autonomic nervous system. Since the main symptom of Shy–Drager syndrome is incontinence it makes it a good candidate to study its effects on Onuf's nucleus. When the sacral sections of the spinal cord were studied in patients with Shy–Drager syndrome, it was revealed that cell death was confined to the area of Onuf's nucleus.

Onuf's nucleus is not specific only to humans. As mentioned before, the motoneurons of the external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter are found in ventral horn of the second sacral segment known as Onuf's nucleus. Using horseradish peroxidase to stain the neurons, it has been determined that the external anal sphincter motoneurons are located in dorsomedial to the external urethral sphincter motoneuron in the cat, dog, monkey, golden hamster, as well as the man. However, the location of these motoneurons differs in the rat, Mongolian gerbil and domestic pig.

Marsh distinguished the new genus Apatosaurus from Atlantosaurus on the basis of the number of sacral vertebrae, with Apatosaurus possessing three and Atlantosaurus four. Two years later, Marsh announced the discovery of a larger and more complete specimen at Como Bluff, Wyoming. He gave this specimen a new name based on the conventions of his age and the relatively sparse fossil record available at that time. It was later recognised that the features he had used to distinguish genera and species were in fact more widespread among sauropods.

Autonomic nervous system, showing splanchnic nerves in middle, and the vagus nerve as "X" in blue. The heart and organs below in list to right are regarded as viscera. The autonomic nervous system is divided into the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic division emerges from the spinal cord in the thoracic and lumbar areas, terminating around L2-3. The parasympathetic division has craniosacral “outflow”, meaning that the neurons begin at the cranial nerves (specifically the oculomotor nerve, facial nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus nerve) and sacral (S2-S4) spinal cord.

The spines over the six sacral vertebrae are markedly lower, but those of the tail base again longer; towards the end of the tail the spines gradually shorten. Dorsal vertebrae The dorsal "sail" is usually explained as either functioning as a system for thermoregulation or a display structure. An alternative hypothesis is that the back might have carried a hump consisting of muscle tissue or fat, resembling that of a bison or camel, rather than a sail. It could have been used for energy storage to survive a lean season.

On the album cover, a yeti hovers in the lotus position. Glowing emblems in front of his body represent five of the chakra (centers of vital energy): The root chakra, the sacral chakra, the solar plexus chakra, the heart chakra, and the brow chakra (or third eye). His multicolored hair suggests activation of the crown chakra, which symbolizes the higher consciousness that comes with freedom from illusion, or maya. In his right hand he holds a lingam, a stone symbol of Shiva; in his left is a trishula, a symbolic trident with numerous meanings.

No such extreme contrast exists in the upper jaws, but the four teeth in the premaxilla are longer than the seven in the maxilla that again become smaller posteriorly. The total number of teeth is thus at least 44. The long upper and lower front teeth interlaced when the beak was closed; due to their extreme length they then projected considerably beyond the upper and lower margins of the head. According to Padian, eight cervical, fourteen dorsal, three or four sacral and twenty-seven or twenty-eight caudal vertebrae are present.

The first and to date only fossils, albeit postcranial (missing the skull), were recovered in 1985 during the construction of a gas facility, which explains the dinosaur's unusual name. It consists of laterally compressed teeth, 4 cervical, 7 dorsal, 5 sacral, and 7 caudal vertebrae, both humeri, and highly abraded and reconstructed pelvic and hind limb material that includes the left ilium, left ischium, left pubis, left femur, left tibia and left fibula. The fossils were defined as the type species Gasosaurus constructus by the paleontologists Dong Zhiming and Tang Zilu.

Sacroiliac joints are paired C-shaped or L-shaped joints capable of a small amount of movement (2–18 degrees, which is debatable at this time) that are formed between the auricular surfaces of the sacrum and the ilium bones. The joints are covered by two different kinds of cartilage; the sacral surface has hyaline cartilage and the iliac surface has fibrocartilage. The SIJ's stability is maintained mainly through a combination of only some bony structure and very strong intrinsic and extrinsic ligaments. The joint space is usually 0.5 to 4 mm.

Chapter 13: Sacroiliac Joint Injection, page 235 in: doi: 10.1007/b97485 As we age the characteristics of the sacroiliac joint change. The joint's surfaces are flat or planar in early life but as we start walking, the sacroiliac joint surfaces develop distinct angular orientations and lose their planar or flat topography. They also develop an elevated ridge along the iliac surface and a depression along the sacral surface. The ridge and corresponding depression, along with the very strong ligaments, increase the sacroiliac joints' stability and makes dislocations very rare.

Therefore, the pressure increase is slight until the organ is relatively full. The bladder's smooth muscle has some inherent contractile activity; however, when its nerve supply is intact, stretch receptors in the bladder wall initiate a reflex contraction that has a lower threshold than the inherent contractile response of the muscle. Action potentials carried by sensory neurons from stretch receptors in the urinary bladder wall travel to the sacral segments of the spinal cord through the pelvic nerves. Since bladder wall stretch is low during the storage phase, these afferent neurons fire at low frequencies.

Urinating woman Urinating man Voiding begins when a voluntary signal is sent from the brain to begin urination, and continues until the bladder is empty. Bladder afferent signals ascend the spinal cord to the periaqueductal gray, where they project both to the pontine micturition center and to the cerebrum. At a certain level of afferent activity, the conscious urge to void becomes difficult to ignore. Once the voluntary signal to begin voiding has been issued, neurons in pontine micturition center fire maximally, causing excitation of sacral preganglionic neurons.

The signatories also expressed their unease against Republic-level government in harshly dealing with youth protests in Tallinn that were sparked a week earlier due to the banning of a public performance of the punk rock band Propeller. Alttoa has mainly studied the medieval architecture of Estonia, such as forts and sacral buildings. In 1995, while working at the university, he completed his master's thesis on medieval brick buildings in southern Estonia. He has also led several archaeological excavations at Viljandi Castle, Hermann Castle, Vastseliina Castle, and elsewhere.

The mandibular symphysis (where the two-halves of the lower jaw connected) was short, deep, and very pneumatised (with air-spaces). The mandibular fenestra was large and was located at the front part of the lower jaw. As in most other oviraptorids, the front of the lower jaw was down- turned. Though Nemegtomaia does not possess any single feature that distinguishes it from other oviraptorids (autapomorphies), the combination of a crest, an enlarged first finger, and a high number of sacral vertebrae (eight), is unique to this taxon.

The legs are attached to a very strong, lightweight assembly consisting of the pelvic girdle extensively fused with the uniform spinal bone called the synsacrum, which is specific to birds. The synsacrum is built from the lumbar fused with the sacral, some of the first sections of the caudal, and sometimes the last one or two sections of the thoracic vertebrae, depending on species (birds have altogether between 10 and 22 vertebrae). Except for those of ostriches and rheas, pubic bones do not connect to each other, easing egg-laying.

An ill-fitting seating system can increase tone, since any noxious stimuli, such as irritation or pressure, can trigger hypertonicity. Additionally, repeated extensor thrusts against rigid chair parts can result in breakages in the wheelchair or adaptive seating. A seat and/or backrest that moves dynamically can accommodate involuntary extensor thrusts, absorb the extensor tone and, through the movement of the seating system, dampen the overall impact of hypertonia on the body. Evidence suggests that using a dynamic backrest reduces the sacral sitting that results from the trunk sliding down with repeated extensor thrusting.

Separating fossils from the very hard rock in which the bones were encased required the use of pneumatic hammers. The additional material recovered included seven dorsal vertebrae (vertebrae of the back), the underside of the sacrum (fused vertebrae between the dorsal and tail vertebrae) including the first to fifth and some sacral ribs, and a part of a dorsal rib (rib from the flank). These finds were also incorporated into the collection of the Museo Carmen Funes. Bonaparte presented the new find in 1989 at a scientific conference in San Juan.

The type species, Genusaurus sisteronis, is the only named species. It is based on a partial skeleton found in 1984-1986 in the Albian Bevons Beds, holotype MNHN Bev.1. The holotype contains seven partial dorsal vertebrae, a piece of a sacral, a piece of an ilium, the top of a pubic bone, a thighbone, the top of a shinbone, the top of a fibula and a metatarsal. It was named and described by Hugues Accarie, Bernard Beaudoin, Jean Dejax, Gérard Friès, Jean-Guy Michard and Philippe Taquet in 1995.

This is true for all spinal nerves except for the first spinal nerve pair (C1), which emerges between the occipital bone and the atlas (the first vertebra). Thus the cervical nerves are numbered by the vertebra below, except spinal nerve C8, which exists below vertebra C7 and above vertebra T1. The thoracic, lumbar, and sacral nerves are then numbered by the vertebra above. In the case of a lumbarized S1 vertebra (aka L6) or a sacralized L5 vertebra, the nerves are typically still counted to L5 and the next nerve is S1.

This is caused by the evolution of their Hox genes, controlling limb morphogenesis. The axial skeleton of the snakes’ common ancestor, like most other tetrapods, had regional specializations consisting of cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (lower back), sacral (pelvic), and caudal (tail) vertebrae. Early in snake evolution, the Hox gene expression in the axial skeleton responsible for the development of the thorax became dominant. As a result, the vertebrae anterior to the hindlimb buds (when present) all have the same thoracic-like identity (except from the atlas, axis, and 1–3 neck vertebrae).

Plastic model of a herd in the JuraPark in Solec Kujawski, Poland Vulcanodons limbs were sturdy and column-like, and its forelimbs were already proportionally long, reaching 76% of hindlimb length. Its lower leg, metatarsus, and toes were shortened in comparison to its bipedal ancestors, but still not as short as in later sauropods. The sacrum was made out of four fused sacral vertebrae; "prosauropods" possessed only three sacrals. The tail vertebra bodies already showed an incipient excavation of their lateral sides, saving weight and giving them a waisted appearance when viewed from below.

Joi-Marie McKenzie of Essence cited "Pussy Fairy (OTW)" as an example of how Aiko's focus on vibrational healing on Chilombo resonates without being "too hippy-dippy". In an April 2020 article for Elle, Nerisha Penrose named "Pussy Fairy (OTW)" one of the top 24 songs of the year to date. Penrose enjoyed the focus on the sacral chakra since it added depth to the sexual content. Praising the song as an album highlight, Laura Snapes summed it up as an "unapologetic demand for pleasure and rejection of judgment".

For cardinal Wojtyła, the idea of creating an Archdiocesan Museum in Krakow as a place which would present the spiritual, historical and artistic legacy of the Archdiocese of Krakow was a truly crucial matter. According to his wish, collection of sacral art from the 13th to 20th century, including paintings, sculpture and handcrafts from the region of the Archdiocese of Krakow, can be seen in the Museum. Among others it consist the oldest painted panel in Poland dated to the mid. 13th century and originated from wooden church in Dębno Podhalańskie.

St. George's Church St. George's Church in Drohobych is one of the oldest and best preserved timber churches of Galicia. The church is a monument of Galician wooden architecture of the late 15th - early 16th centuries, one of the best preserved and one of the best monuments of ancient Ukrainian sacral architecture. Built in the 15th century, it has been rebuilt several times and given the final architectural forms by the talented Ukrainian architect Hryhoriy Tesla from Drohobych. The church is part of the wooden architecture department of the Museum of Drohobych region.

New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14:249-270. Ken Carpenter and James Kirkland noted that many of the resemblances between the two were more widely distributed among ankylosaurs than previously thought, or were based on damage to the bones, such as some femoral characters. However, its similarity to Polacanthus has been noted since Lucas renamed in 1902, the two being most similar in armor, although Hoplitosaurus lacks the sacral shield of armor found in Polacanthus. Today, both are considered to be polacanthine or polacanthid ankylosaurs,Carpenter, K. (2001).

The number of vertebrae in the spines of reptiles is highly variable, and may be several hundred in some species of snake. In birds, there is a variable number of cervical vertebrae, which often form the only truly flexible part of the spine. The thoracic vertebrae are partially fused, providing a solid brace for the wings during flight. The sacral vertebrae are fused with the lumbar vertebrae, and some thoracic and caudal vertebrae, to form a single structure, the synsacrum, which is thus of greater relative length than the sacrum of mammals.

This trend continues into the dorsals of the back, which although are not as long as the cervicals have neural spines twice the height of their centra. The 2nd–5th cervicals of Shringasaurus sport prominent epipophyses, structures for supporting neck musculature, suggesting Shringasaurus had strong neck muscles. The first twelve dorsals are also marked by various well-defined laminae that bound deep fossae (depressions in the bone), similar to those found on the vertebrae of sauropods. Like Azendohsaurus, Shringasaurus has two sacral vertebrae with well-developed ribs that articulate with the ilia.

In a study of the ctenosauriscid Arizonasaurus, paleontologist Sterling Nesbitt defined a clade of rauisuchians called "Group X". This group includes Arizonasuchus, Lotosaurus, Sillosuchus, Shuvosaurus, and Effigia. One distinguishing feature of Group X is their lack of osteoderms, which are common among many other crurotarsans. Many more features are found in the pelvis, including fully fused sacral vertebrae and a long, thin crest on the illium called the supra- acetabular crest. Additionally, many members of Group X have smooth frontal and nasal bones, which make up the upper portion of the rostrum.

The features may be seen on both female and male backs, but seem to be more common and more prominent in women. When seen in men, they're called "dimples of Apollo", named after the Greco-Roman god of male beauty. Another use of the term "dimples of Venus" in surgical anatomy refers to two symmetrical indentations on the posterior aspect of the sacrum, which also contain a venous channel. They are used as a landmark for finding the superior articular facets of the sacrum as a guide to place sacral pedicle screws in spine surgery.

The Inferior rectal nerves (inferior anal nerves, inferior hemorrhoidal nerve) usually branch from the pudendal nerve but occasionally arises directly from the sacral plexus; they cross the ischiorectal fossa along with the inferior rectal artery and veins, toward the anal canal and the lower end of the rectum, and is distributed to the Sphincter ani externus (external anal sphincter, EAS) and to the integument (skin) around the anus. Branches of this nerve communicate with the perineal branch of the posterior femoral cutaneous and with the posterior scrotal nerves at the forepart of the perineum.

Absence of this reflex in instances where spinal shock is not suspected could indicate a lesion or injury of the conus medullaris or sacral nerve roots. There is an association between hyperexcitable bulbocavernosus reflex resulting from stimulation of the prostatic urethra and premature ejaculation. The bulbocavernosus reflex has been found to be delayed or absent at a higher rate than the general population in diabetic men with complaints of erectile impotence, and men whose penises have been circumcised or have permanent retraction of the foreskin behind the glans penis.

The dorsal vertebrae typically were very high, with very tall neural arches and transverse processes pointing obliquely upwards to almost the level of the neural spine top. Stegosaurian back vertebrae can easily be identified by this unique configuration. The tall neural arches often house deep neural canals; enlarged canals in the sacral vertebrae have given rise to the incorrect notion of a "second brain". Despite the downwards curvature of the rump, the neck base was not very low and the head was held a considerable distance off the ground.

The 2006 publication, however, established that the majority of specimens were adult, and that Europasaurus was an island dwarf. The number of individual sauropod bones had increased to 650 and include variously articulated individuals; the material was found within an area of squared. From these specimens, the holotype was selected, a disarticulated but associated individual (DFMMh/FV 291). The holotype includes multiple cranial bones (premaxilla, maxilla and quadratojugal), a partial braincase, multiple mandible bones (dentary, surangular and angular), large amounts of teeth, cervical vertebrae, sacral vertebrae and ribs from the neck and torso.

The vertebrae bear distinct condyles for articulation with other vertebrae, and the neural spines are directed backwards and upwards; the ones near the middle also have prominent zygapophyses. Further along the vertebral column, there would have been 13 dorsal vertebrae in total, followed by six sacral vertebrae that form a sacrum. These two types of vertebrae are similar, although the sideways- projecting transverse processes are more robust in the latter. In the tail were 22 caudal vertebrae, totalling to long, which is 173% the length of the humerus.

At least some of the ribs of Vancleavea were thick-walled, strongly curved, and connected to the dorsal vertebrae at two points (hence why some vertebrae had two facets per rib). The two sacrals (hip vertebrae) are shorter and simpler than the dorsals. Rather than possessing the pinched sides of dorsals, they instead have massive facets for sacral ribs which connect the spinal column to the hip bones. Some specimens retain the characteristic double keels of the dorsal centra, but in other specimens they fuse into a single keel.

They are distinguishable from Anchisaurus by the morphology of both the ilium and sacral vertebrae. However, in some specimens, the morphology of the femora and coracoids are quite different, which led Fedak to speculate that more than one species may have been present. Fendusaurus, according to Fedak, can be distinguished from all closely related sauropodomorphs by the extreme elongation of the cervical vertebrae; a four vertebrae sacrum that includes a dorsosacral and caudosacral; the elongate postacetabular process of the ilium; and an expanded anterior distal process of the tibia.

Four vertebrae of the sacrum (S2-S5) were solidly fused to the ilia of the pelvis, the spaces between the sacral ribs being almost closed, reduced to oval depressions pierced from below by small openings, no more than a centimetre in cross-section. The neural arches are of medium height. The neural spines of the dorsal vertebrae are plate-like in side view and have a transversely expanded top. Yingshanosaurus had a pair of about eighty centimetres long wing-like spines on its shoulders, similar in shape and relative size to those of Gigantspinosaurus.

La Parisienne also known as the Minoan Lady, is part of the Camp Stool Fresco, which was probably painted on the wall of the Sanctuary Hall on the Piano Nobile at the palace of Knossos. The sacral knot worn at the back of the neck seems to indicate that she is a priestess or even a goddess. The archaeological research in Minoan palaces, cemeteries and settlements has brought to light a multitude of objects related to beautification. Edmond Pottier gave her the name as he felt she resembled a contemporary woman from Paris.

Pain, loss of muscle strength and loss of touch sensation may occur if this herniation causes the compression of the most proximal part of the nerve closely neighbouring the intervertebral disc material. Pain is in the distribution of the nerve compressed, usually down the back of the leg, side of the calf and inside of the foot (sciatica). Most commonly, the nerve root between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae or between the fifth lumbar vertebra and first sacral segment are impinged. In symptomatic cases the diagnosis should be confirmed by an MRI scan.

Basilica of St. Giles Basilica of St Giles in Bardejov, Slovakia, is a Gothic sacral building, which is situated in the northern part of the Town-Hall square (in Slovak Radničné námestie). Bardejov is located in the larger area of town Prešov in the region called Šariš. Construction of tower Around 1206, Cistercian monks of Polish Koprzywnica established a monastery that was eventually dedicated and named after Saint Giles. In the 13th century, The Royal Charter of King Bela IV was the first to mention the church in local documents.

Taohelong is a genus of nodosaurid dinosaur known from Lower Cretaceous rocks in north-central China. Taohelong is based on Gansu Dinosaur Museum (GSDM) 00021, fossils including a tail vertebra, ribs, a left ilium (the main bone of the hip), and bony armor recovered from the Hekou Group in the Lanzhou-Minhe Basin. The animal's armor includes part of a "sacral shield", a carpet of osteoderms over the hips found in some other ankylosaurians. Taohelong was named and described in 2013 by Yang Jing-Tao, You Hai-Lu, Li Da-Qing, and Kong De-Lai.

The Reaper, Matica Srpska Gallery, Novi Sad Stevan Aleksić produced around 230 canvas paintings, decorated more than 20 churches with 100 icons and a number of wall frescoes, and made 60 sketches and drawings.Marija Đorđević, Politika, Cultural Column, 2008 Since his early career Aleksić dealt in decorating churches; he was especially skilled at making monumental compositions with religious or historical context, and decorated a number of sacral objects around Vojvodina. At the same time, in the first decade of the 20th century, he worked as a portraitist. One of the Aleksić's most notable works is the "Merry People of Banat".

The specific name tenerensis is after the Ténéré Desert where the animal was found. alt= The holotype, MNN GDF500, was found in the Tegama Beds of the Elrhaz Formation. It consists of a partial skeleton lacking the skull. It contains three neck ribs, parts of fourteen dorsal (back) vertebrae, ten dorsal ribs, gastralia (or "belly ribs"), pieces of three sacral vertebrae, parts of twelve caudal (tail) vertebrae, chevrons (bones that form the underside of the tail), a scapula (shoulder blade), a coracoid, a partial forelimb, most of the pelvis (hip bone), and parts of a hindlimb.

Padian and May considered that since both Herrerasauridae and Eoraptor lack many diagnostic features of Saurischia or Ornithischia, that they could not be considered inside Dinosauria. A later 1994 study by Novas instead classified Herrerasaurus within Dinosauria, and strongly supported its position within Saurischia, as well a provided synapomorphies shared with Theropoda. Novas found that the primitive features of lacking a brevis fossa and having only two sacral vertebrae were simply reversals found in the genus. In 1996, Novas went further by supporting a theropod position for Herrerasaurus with a phylogenetic analysis, which placed it closer to Neotheropoda than Eoraptor or Sauropodomorpha.

In this case the statues would have portrayed the retinue or the bodyguards of the god himself. One has to notice that nearby the necropolis a rectangular structure has been erected but this building is in concrete and clearly referable to the Roman age, even if it cannot be completely ruled out – due to the lack of excavations – that underneath the Roman building there was a nuragic megaron temple. The presence of other sacral monuments in the vicinity of the necropolis is in any case suggested by the finding of typical quoins employed in the construction of sacred wells.Giants' grave model.

In 1959 he married Milena Matas, and they later had three sons. He spent most of the 1960 in the army, and upon returning to Zagreb he spent a year (1964–1966) as an art editor assistant in the magazine “Chemistry in industry”, which was the only full-time job he ever had. Since 1967, Vasko Lipovac lived and worked in Split, Croatia, where the Mediterranean climate inspired him to fulfill his poetic vision, and to create numerous works. Four thematic units have been detected in the work of Lipovac, namely the Mediterranean, sports, the sacral and erotic.

President Franjo Tuđman in 1997 In November 1995 the war in Croatia ended. Around 20,000 people were killed in the war, while official figures on wartime damage published in Croatia in 1996 specify 180,000 destroyed housing units, 25% of the Croatian economy destroyed, and US$27 billion of material damage. Europe Review 2003/04 estimated the war damage at US$37 billion in damaged infrastructure, lost economic output, and refugee-related costs, while GDP dropped 21% in the period.Europe Review (2003), p. 75 15 percent of housing units and 2,423 cultural heritage structures, including 495 sacral structures, were destroyed or damaged.

Qianxisaurus is a basal eosauropterygian, potentially related to Nothosauroidea, with an estimated total body length of at least 80 cm. Originally considered to be a juvenile of the nothosaurid Lariosaurus due to the presence of four sacral vertebrae, further preparation revealed its unique skull roof and dentition morphology. Qianxisaurus bears a premaxilla with eight teeth, contributing a small portion to the elongated oval external naris, teeth with a slightly constricted peduncle and a short conical crown, and a very small supratemporal fenestra, only slightly larger than the foramen of the parietal bone. These autapomorphic traits are unique to Qianxisaurus among all known eosauropterygians.

Cabarzia is an extinct genus of varanopid from the Early Permian of Germany. It contains only a single species, Cabarzia trostheidei, which is based on a well-preserved skeleton found in red beds of the Goldlauter Formation. Cabarzia shared many similarities with Mesenosaurus romeri (a varanopid from Russia), although it did retain some differences, such as more curved claws, a wide ulnare, and muscle scars on its sacral ribs. With long, slender hindlimbs, a narrow body, an elongated tail, and short, thick forelimbs, Cabarzia was likely capable of running bipedally to escape from predators, a behavior shared by some modern lizards.

The lumbar cistern is part of the subarachnoid space. It is the space within the thecal sac which extends from below the end of the spinal cord (the conus medularis), typically at the level of the first to second lumbar vertebrae down to tapering of the dura at the level of the second sacral vertebra. The dura is pierced with a needle during a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). For epidural anesthesia an anesthetic agent is injected into the space just outside the thecal sac and diffuses through the dura to the nerve roots where they exit the thecal sac.

Austroposeidon is known from a single specimen, MCT 1628-R, which consists portions of the cervical (neck), dorsal, and sacral vertebrae (including a cervical rib and one complete dorsal vertebra). The specimen was discovered in the Campanian-Maastrichtian Presidente Prudente Formation of the Bauru Group by palaeontologist Llewellyn Ivor Price in 1953, but the remains were not described until 2016. The animal was likely preserved by a crevasse splay on a floodplain, judging by the fine sandstone that the specimen was found in. Unfortunately, the site where the specimen was recovered has now been lost to urban development.

During the 2nd century BC, a Roman castrum was built on a tiny peninsula with approximate dimensions of where the town centre is now. During the reign of Emperor Augustus in the 1st century BC, it officially became a city and was part of the Roman colony of Colonia Iulia Parentium. In the 3rd century the settlement had an organised Christian community with an early-Christian complex of sacral buildings. The earliest basilica contained the remains of and was dedicated to Saint Maurus of Parentium and dates back to the second half of the 4th century.

The muscle helps maintain continence of urine along with the internal urethral sphincter which is under control of the autonomic nervous system. The external sphincter muscle prevents urine leakage as the muscle is tonically contracted via somatic fibers that originate in Onuf's nucleus and pass through sacral spinal nerves S2-S4 then the pudendal nerve to synapse on the muscle. Voiding urine begins with voluntary relaxation of the external urethral sphincter. This is facilitated by inhibition of the somatic neurons in Onuf's nucleus via signals arising in the pontine micturition center and traveling through the descending reticulospinal tracts.

Recovered fossils included those of turtles, crocodylomorphs, theropods and sauropods, fish, freshwater invertebrates (gastropods and bivalves), trace fossils, fragments of eggs, and plant debris. Dynamite was occasionally used to remove materials embedded in the matrix. There were expeditions to Caieira between 1949 and 1961, after which fieldwork was not continued due to a lack of new relevant findings. A series of 19 vertebrae (the last sacral and 18 caudals) found at this locality were recognized as belong to those of a titanosaur; they were initially named 'Series "C"', and subsequently became the holotype of the new genus Baurutitan (specimen number MCT 1490-R).

The brachyury mutation was first described in mice by Nadezhda Alexandrovna Dobrovolskaya-Zavadskaya in 1927 as a mutation that affected tail length and sacral vertebrae in heterozygous animals. In homozygous animals the brachyury mutation is lethal at around embryonic day 10 due to defects in mesoderm formation, notochord differentiation and the absence of structures posterior to the forelimb bud (Dobrovolskaïa-Zavadskaïa, 1927). The name brachyury comes from the Greek brakhus meaning short and oura meaning tail. In 2018 HGNC updated the human gene name from T to TBXT, presumably to overcome difficulties associated with searching for a single letter gene symbol.

He is mentioned in various musical sources with other European composers such as Clemens non Papa, Jacobus Vaet, Thomas Crecquillon, Michael de Buissons and Orlando Lasso. He was the contemporary of Jacobus Gallus, Jan Simonides Montanus, Pavel Spongopaeus Jistebnický, Ondřej Chrysoponus Jevíčský, and Jan Traján Turnovský. His compositions number thirty five sacral works, but only one of them is well preserved: the collection of Seven Penitential Psalms, published in 1586 by German printer Nicholas Knorr in Altdorf bei Nürnberg. His second published composition, printed by Jiří Nigrin in Prague, as well as the rest of his output, is preserved only in fragments.

Brown et al. (2013) erected a new taxon Orodrominae to differentiate those species that are more closely related to Orodromeus from those more closely related to Thescelosaurus. The validity of this new taxon is supported by the following: (a) the foramen magnum is between 20% and 30% of the width of the occipital condyle; (b) the pubis is articulated with a sacral rib; (c) there is a sharp and pronounced scapular spine; and (d) the fibular shaft is 'D'-shaped in cross-section. The new taxon Orodrominae includes the newly discovered dinosaur Albertadromeus, Zephyrosaurus, Orodromeus and Oryctodromeus.

Melisseus is simply another form of Melissus, also a Cretan "honey-man," remembered by later mythographers as a "king of Crete." Fermented honey, an entheogen that was the gift of the Goddess, preceded the knowledge of wine in Aegean culture. These honey-kings consorting with the Goddess will have combined their position of authority with a sacral role, but modern interpreters would not follow Robert Graves in asserting that Melliseus "Adrasteia and Io's reputed father, is really their mother, Melissa-- the goddess as Queen-bee, who annually killed her male consort."Graves, The Greek Myths, 7.1.

Where the spinal cord ends in some of the lumbar > vertebrae, a fine fiber issues downwards, and the canal runs up even within > that fiber, only much finer. The canal is closed at the lower end, which is > situated near what is called the sacral plexus, which, according to modern > physiology, is triangular in form. The different plexuses that have their > centers in the spinal canal can very well stand for the different "lotuses" > of the Yogi. When Kundalini Shakti is conceived as a goddess, then, when it rises to the head, it unites itself with the Supreme Being of (Lord Shiva).

Dissertation University of Pennsylvania 164 pp However, such a nomen ex dissertatione does not constitute a valid name. The type species Equijubus normani was formally named in an article by You, Luo Zhexi, Neil Shubin, Lawrence Witmer, Tang Zhilu and Tang Feng in 2003. The type specimen or holotype, IVPP V12534, consists of a complete skull with articulated (attached) lower jaws, plus associated incomplete postcrania: nine cervical (neck), sixteen dorsal (back), and six sacral (pelvic) vertebrae. It was found in fluvio-lacustrine sediments of the Middle Grey Unit of the Xinminpu Group, Gonpoquan Basin, Mazong Shan, Gansu Province, China.

The remains of Ekrixinatosaurus helped fill in more information about abelisaur anatomy as it contained portions of the skeleton that were previously unknown, unpublished, or poorly preserved in other specimens. The holotype skeleton (MUCPv-294) was well preserved yet disarticulated. It contained elements including a left and partial right maxillae; basicranium; both dentaries; teeth; cervical, a dorsal, sacral and caudal vertebrae; haemal arches; ribs; ilia, pubis and proximal ischia; left and distal end of right femur; left tibia; left astragalus and calcaneum; proximal end of left fibula and right tibia; metatarsals; phalanges; and a pedal ungual.

Since the body remained on the wheel after execution, left to scavenging animals, birds and decay, this form of punishment, like the ancient crucifixion, had a sacral function beyond death: according to the belief at that time, this would hinder transition from death to resurrection. If the convict fell from the wheel still alive or the execution failed in some other way, it was interpreted as God's intervention. There exist votive images of saved victims of the wheel, and there is literature on how best to treat such sustained injuries. The survival time after being "wheeled" or "broken" could be extensive.

Tengri (in Bulgar Tangra/Tengre) was their supreme god. Bulgar inscriptions were written mostly in Greek or Cyrillic characters, most commonly in Greek or Graeco-Bulgar, sometimes with Slavic terms, thus allowing scholars to identify some of the Bulgar glosses. Several Bulgar inscriptions were found in Northeastern Bulgaria and parts of Romania, written in runes similar to the Old Turkic alphabet; they apparently have a sacral meaning. Altheim argued that the runes were brought into Europe from Central Asia by the Huns, and were an adapted version of the old Sogdian alphabet in the Hunnic/Oghur Turkic language.

Refectory Fostered by Bishop Burchard II of Halberstadt from about 1070, the convent experienced a flourishing period whereupon numerous filial monasteries were established, such as Huysburg, and the abbeys of Harsefeld, Hillersleben, and Wimmelburg. A larger Romanesque church was erected and dedicated to Sts Peter and Paul on 5 June 1087; including the oldest preserved three-aisled choir of all Benedictine sacral buildings in Germany. The adjacent cloister buildings were erected after a blaze in 1120 and finished in 1176. The monastic community included up to 25 monks, it joined the Benedictine Bursfelde Congregation in 1464/65.

Henry managed to defeat him but was subsequently confronted with more uprisings, renewed excommunication, and even the rebellion of his sons. After his death, his second son, Henry V, reached an agreement with the Pope and the bishops in the 1122 Concordat of Worms. The political power of the Empire was maintained, but the conflict had demonstrated the limits of the ruler's power, especially in regard to the Church, and it robbed the king of the sacral status he had previously enjoyed. The Pope and the German princes had surfaced as major players in the political system of the empire.

However, his works are not only Mediterranean and visionary. He uses his painting tools to move perspectives, bird's view becomes frog's view and scenes from the bottom are heavenly, according to the alchemical motto: "That which is above is like that which is below". In a way, those are holly paintings, a reply of gift to the challenges of the times of postmodern and post-technological utopia. He revealed how a painter doesn't have to be an icon painter to create sacral pieces, to respond to challenges of history, to make peace between Western and Eastern tradition, church and everyday life.

A wooden platform in the nave of St. Francis was replaced with a stoney one and a portal on the western facade was made. One of the best-made details is a tall portal on the southern wall of the presbytery with a full tympanon, where original red and blue polychromy is very well preserved. The chapel of St. Salvator was also newly decorated, whereas the rest of sacral areas was not renovated. The highlight of the reconstruction was re-building the chapel of St Barbara, primarily a sepulchre for Poor Clares, to a larger chapel for the Minors.

Many saurischian dinosaurs possessed vertebrae and ribs that contained hollowed-out cavities (pneumatic foramina), which reduced the weight of the bones and may have served as a basic 'flow-through ventilation' system similar to that of modern birds. In such a system, the neck vertebrae and ribs are hollowed out by the cervical air sac; the upper back vertebrae, by the lung; and the lower back and sacral (hip) vertebrae, by the abdominal air sac. These organs constitute a complex and very efficient method of respiration. "Prosauropods" are the only major group of saurischians without an extensive system of pneumatic foramina.

Eleven partial spool-shaped dorsal vertebrae were found, but only one–most likely the fourth thoracic vertebra–is well preserved; the faces are concave, and more deeper than broad, in contrast to the neck vertebra which is the opposite. These vertebrae contain many air pockets. The bottom-side of six sacral vertebrae are preserved; they are elongated and have a decreasing width towards the ends, and have no arching. Three partial tail vertebrae were found, likely from the middle-section of the tail, and they also have concave faces, but are more cylindrical than spool-shaped.

Henry succeeded Conrad II as Duke of Carinthia and King of Italy and continued to pursue his father's political course on the basis of virtus et probitas (courage and honesty), which led to an unprecedented sacral exaltation of the kingship. In 1046 Henry ended the papal schism, was crowned Emperor by Pope Clement II, freed the Vatican from dependence on the Roman nobility and laid the foundation for its empire-wide authority. In the duchies Henry enforced sovereign royal right of disposition, thereby ensuring tighter control. In Lorraine, this led to years of conflict from which he emerged victorious.

Fossil skull ROM 801 The first known fossil remains that may belong to Edmontosaurus regalis were named Trachodon cavatus in 1871 by Edward Drinker Cope (the name is spelled in more recent sources as Trachodon avatus or even Trachodon atavus). This species was assessed without comment as a synonym of Edmontosaurus regalis in two reviews, although atavus predates regalis by several decades. In 1874 Cope named but did not describe Agathaumas milo for a sacral vertebra and shin fragments from the late Maastrichtian-age Upper Cretaceous Laramie Formation of Colorado. Later that same year, he described these bones under the name Hadrosaurus occidentalis.

In 2007, Machado and Kellner tentatively referred a rib fragment (MN 7021-V) to the Spinosauridae. However, the most complete spinosaur specimen retrieved from the Romualdo Formation is MN 4819-V, a partial skeleton lacking the skull. First reported in 1991, the specimen was referred by Kellner to the Spinosauridae in 2001 because of its tall sacral neural spines and the enlarged condition of the hand claw. The skeleton was fully described in 2010 in an as-of-yet unpublished master's thesis by Machado. An incomplete hind limb (MPSC R-2089) mentioned in 2013 might also pertain to the Spinosauridae.

Input from the psychogenic pathway is sympathetic, and most of the time it sends inhibitory signals that prevent the physical arousal response; in response to sexual stimulation, excitatory signals are increased and inhibition is reduced. Removing the inhibition that is normally present allows the spinal reflexes that trigger the arousal response to take effect. The reflexogenic pathway activates the parasympathetic nervous system in response to the sensation of touch. It is mediated by a reflex arc that goes to the spinal cord (not to the brain) and is served by the sacral segments of the spinal cord at S2–S4.

A woman with a spinal cord lesion above T11 may not be able to experience psychogenic vaginal lubrication, but may still have reflex lubrication if her sacral segments are uninjured. Likewise, although a man's ability to get a psychogenic erection when mentally aroused may be impaired after a higher- level SCI, he may still be able to get a reflex or "spontaneous" erection. These erections may result in the absence of psychological arousal when the penis is touched or brushed, e.g. by clothing, but they do not last long and are generally lost when the stimulus is removed.

Eohupehsuchus has the shortest known neck among hupehsuchians, with a cervical series comprising only six vertebrae. The shortness of its neck is the basis of its specific epithet, brevicollis, and distinguishes it from other hupehsuchians, along with the features of the skull roof discussed above. Like other hupehsuchians, Eohupehsuchus has vertebrae with bipartite neural spines consisting of a first segment that begins above the base of the neural arch and a second segment that begins above the first. In Eohupehsuchus, the second segments appear throughout the dorsal series beginning with the third dorsal vertebra, and are absent in the sacral series.

Titsian Tabidze and Valerian Gaprindashvili Valerian Gaprindashvili () (December 21, 1888 – January 31, 1941) was a Georgian poet and translator whose early, Symbolist, poetry was of much influence on development of Georgian metaphor and verse. Born in Kutaisi, he graduated from the Moscow University in 1914. Returning to Georgia, Gaprindashvili was one of the founder members of the Symbolist group Blue Horns in 1915/16. His early, innovating poems illustrate the world as a mystic show populated with phantoms and doubles mixed with nearly "sacral" heroes from history and literature such as Cagliostro, Hamlet, Ophelia, Hannibal, etc.

Due to his conclusion that Hesperosaurus were rather basal, in it many comparisons were made with the basalmost known stegosaurian Huayangosaurus, that lost their relevance once it became clear that the phylogenetic position was in fact quite derived. In 2008 Maidment indicated three autapomorphies: the possession of eleven back vertebrae; the fourth sacral not being fused to the sacrum; back plates that are longer (from front to rear) than tall. Maidment also provided some traits in which Hesperosaurus was more basal than Stegosaurus armatus. In the atlas, even in adult specimens the neural arches are not fused to the intercentrum.

Parts of the horse Quarter marks in checkerboard pattern on a horse's croup In horse anatomy, the croup refers specifically to the topline of the horse's hindquarters and surrounding musculature, beginning at the hip, extending proximate to the sacral vertebrae and stopping at the dock of the tail (where the coccygeal vertebrae begin). Below the croup is the thigh or haunch. Behind the thigh is the buttock. On horses appearing in parades and other public ceremonies, the croup may be decorated with a pattern in the horse's hair, formed by applying hair gel or spray, then brushing patches of hair in opposite directions.

About a decade later, during years 1995–96, the synagogue was restored again and the topic of Jewish festivals and customs returned to the exposition. Visitors are invited to get acquainted with the foundational texts of Judaism (Torah and Talmud), sacral space of Judaism (traditional components of the synagogue interior, order of synagogue prayer service and texts and objects used during it, etc.). Introduction of Jewish Festivals and Jewish family life in its dailiness as well as in its important milestones, for instance birth, circumcision, wedding, etc. follows. The exposition continues in the Ceremonial Hall with the topic of the end of life.

The higher brain top down control of physiology is mediated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in the brainstem, and the hypothalamus. The sympathetic nervous system arises in brainstem nuclei that project down into intermediolateral columns of thoracolumbar spinal cord neurons in spinal segments T1–L2. The parasympathetic nervous system in the motor nuclei of cranial nerves III, VII, IX, (control over the pupil and salivary glands) and X (vagus –many functions including immunity) and sacral spinal segments (gastrointestinal and urogenital systems). Another control occurs through top down control by the medial areas of the prefrontal cortex.