In the meantime, institutionalizing a process that's already happening and doesn't have nearly enough real-world impact may be better, just barely, than not institutionalizing that process.
|
|
The article will explore the cost and the feasibility of institutionalizing people.
|
|
It listed 23 potential problems for institutionalizing abdication, while mentioning 10 supporting views.
|
|
Iran in particular opposes steps towards institutionalizing the alliance, OPEC sources tell the Journal.
|
|
For at least a year, OPEC Secretary General Mohammed Barkindo has discussed "institutionalizing" the arrangement.
|
|
The American Academy of Pediatrics and many experts warn against institutionalizing children in large groups.
|
|
There is no outcry, from the public or politicians, for alternatives to indefinitely institutionalizing N.G.R.I.s.
|
|
The most honest way to describe it is a platform of colonialism and institutionalizing war crimes.
|
|
The fear of change or loss of home means that institutionalizing the survivors is not an option.
|
|
Institutionalizing dissent in our agencies moves us toward a healthier democracy and helps fulfill our founders' vision.
|
|
Notwithstanding the challenges that lie ahead, Kenya's judiciary has taken an irreversible step forward in institutionalizing democracy.
|
|
Sofar is now institutionalizing that they should be paid less than what gas and dinner costs a band.
|
|
As a last resort before institutionalizing Keller for her violent outbreaks, her parents hired half-blind Annie Sullivan.
|
|
By institutionalizing tweetstorms with a graphic user interface, Twitter could make sharing expanded thoughts more accessible to everyone.
|
|
Congress must lead the way by prioritizing and institutionalizing women's inclusion as a core element of U.S. policy.
|
|
"That would be institutionalizing homophobia," said Carue Contreiras, an activist for gay and transgender rights from São Paulo.
|
|
It has facilitated economic growth across Europe by removing economic barriers between countries and institutionalizing the rule of law.
|
|
Yet, Sessions is intent on institutionalizing his obsession with incarceration, which will only sink us further into this crisis.
|
|
The ousting of Park is a giant step in the right direction in institutionalizing sustainable democracy in South Korea.
|
|
Victims' families likely also worried about being accused of abandoning their relatives by institutionalizing them, experts and activists said.
|
|
Decades after the U.S. stopped institutionalizing kids because large and crowded orphanages were causing lasting trauma, it is happening again.
|
|
As recently as last week, Obama was issuing executive orders in the hopes of institutionalizing the priorities of his administration.
|
|
They got Justice Neil Gorsuch, and now they have Kavanaugh, validating and institutionalizing their ideology for 30 years to come.
|
|
A lot of the change is related to family guilt about institutionalizing relatives, and part is a desire for personal independence.
|
|
Wahl believes that governments can play a real role in popularizing and institutionalizing community care, even in societies as individualistic as ours.
|
|
But more than being contrary to ACA core values, it is contrary to American values by institutionalizing prejudice and blaming the victim.
|
|
In 2016, the Iraqi parliament passed a law institutionalizing the PMF as a state military force reporting directly to the prime minister.
|
|
The hospital closures dovetailed with a landmark 1967 state law that all but ended the practice of institutionalizing people against their will.
|
|
Fixes Many Americans travel to Latin America to help in orphanages, but their presence often only compounds the misery of unnecessarily institutionalizing children.
|
|
Institutionalizing Alexa – Really, today isn't about selling more devices as much as it is about making Alexa the default operating system for the home.
|
|
These international institutions excuse the looting through institutionalizing, standardizing and internationally propagating the neutral regime of taking care of objects — salvage, conservation, and preservation.
|
|
He prescribed new medications, but also gently suggested that if Jeffrey was a serious danger to the twins, we needed to consider institutionalizing him.
|
|
Putting aside for a moment Mr. Bannon's troubling public positions, which are worrisome enough, institutionalizing his attendance threatens to politicize national security decision making.
|
|
"Muhandis was overseeing the process of centralizing and institutionalizing (the PMF) within the Iraqi state and had made significant gains in that direction," he said.
|
|
Her platform itself chiefly focuses on economic and health care issues: namely, institutionalizing a living wage, lowering health care costs, and taking on "big money" politics.
|
|
Barkindo said oil industry confidence was returning and OPEC was exploring ways of institutionalizing cooperation between OPEC and its non-OPEC allies on their production levels.
|
|
In 2018, the White House eliminated the National Security Council job Obama created to guard against future pandemics by institutionalizing the role Klain played on Ebola.
|
|
The way for progress is not to turn back time, but to continue institutionalizing this space with professional standards and reasonable regulations that protect consumers and citizens.
|
|
Riyadh and Moscow took the first step in institutionalizing the long-term framework for co-operation between OPEC and non-OPEC nations this week, the sources said.
|
|
Institutionalizing and growing the communications function within congressional leadership has become a vital tool in bridging the gap between maintaining a strong brand and making necessary compromises.
|
|
Other broad claims have been made in order to validate the process of institutionalizing Choucair, including matching or comparing her with specific Western movements or male artists.
|
|
"This is a miracle, a new milestone in the strengthening and institutionalizing of democracy in South Korea," said Kang Won-taek, a political scientist at Seoul National University.
|
|
Not only is institutionalizing people with mental illness and keeping track of them on a public registry incredibly dehumanizing, it is expensive and it does not address the real problem.
|
|
The department sent the state a letter in 2011, saying it was violating the Americans with Disabilities Act by "unnecessarily institutionalizing persons with mental illness," according to Judge Reeves's opinion.
|
|
Koichi Hamada, a close Abe aide, said that while he opposes institutionalizing helicopter money, expanding fiscal and monetary stimulus simultaneously as a "one-off" boost could work in stimulating the economy.
|
|
Meanwhile, abortion restriction bills and "bathroom bills" aimed at institutionalizing discrimination against transgender people proliferate, the gender wage gap continues, and women are the fastest-growing part of the prison population.
|
|
This would eliminate the institutional bias that contributes to families having to choose institutionalizing their loved one or face the major financial burden of paying for this coverage out of pocket.
|
|
Institutionalizing such consideration of the economic and strategic implications of arms export restrictions is a prudent and practical step that can strengthen America's economy at home and our military relationships abroad.
|
|
Mark Meadows (R-NC), are strategizing how to steer Trump back in their direction, away from gun control and toward armed policing and a focus on institutionalizing those with mental illnesses.
|
|
What is less clear, however, is the longer term impact on the C.C.P., which has ruled China since 1949, partly by deftly institutionalizing the peaceful transfer of power at the top.
|
|
Each time military officials step in to resolve a crisis, no matter how benign or even democratic their motives may appear to be, the process of institutionalizing civilian control is undermined.
|
|
The dysfunction is rooted in history: A deal to end a civil war nearly 20203 years ago divided power between 18 recognized religious sects, enriching political elites and effectively institutionalizing corruption.
|
|
The deal divided power between the nation's 18 recognized religious sects, effectively institutionalizing corruption, with each group able to dole out government jobs, contracts, favors and social services to its followers.
|
|
Rather than expanding shelters, and institutionalizing families, city dollars would be better spent targeting the right level of assistance to families quickly to help them secure and stay in their own homes.
|
|
Thing is, in order to get the ball rolling in the first place, "the Obama people did promise that there would be no institutionalizing coming out of the summit process," according to Luongo.
|
|
In 2015, the FCC voted to reclassify internet broadband as a "telecommunications service" under Title II, effectively institutionalizing net neutrality, handing a win to open internet advocates, and a loss to big telecom.
|
|
Related: Beaten, Robbed, Set Upon by Dogs: Welcome to Europe "The authorities are effectively institutionalizing these groups, who are frankly bandits," said Margarita Ilieva, Legal Defense Program Director for the Helsinki Committee in Bulgaria.
|
|
In reality, it was about connecting with another person who had a much larger worldview than I did inside, someone whose habits and thoughts weren't being crushed by the institutionalizing routine of correctional life.
|
|
Separating children from their parents and placing them in federal custody represents a return to the long-discredited practice of forcibly institutionalizing children with devastating consequences for their immediate and long-term health and wellbeing.
|
|
As the report contends, institutionalizing the responsibility in the office of the vice president will ensure that biodefense will be addressed by every administration at the highest levels and with adequate access to the president.
|
|
When the U.S. started shutting down large institutional mental health hospitals in the 1960s — facilities that had become infamous for their poor conditions and subpar treatment — they didn't actually stop institutionalizing people with mental illness.
|
|
The University of Hue and the intellectual communities that gathered around it within a few years of its founding in 240 became agents of social change rather than simply institutionalizing loyalty to the national government.
|
|
The select committee should consider the value of institutionalizing bipartisan national security policy working groups that would provide talented members with latitude to develop ideas that could directly inform committee decisions and tackle jurisdictional challenges.
|
|
The Alliance for Peacebuilding agrees that we need to ensure that our community-police coordination deepens local ownership of security by institutionalizing mechanisms that exist for joint capacity building, information sharing, dialogue and consultation, and oversight.
|
|
When the forces of intolerance and bigotry prevail, as they have lately in Southern states that passed laws institutionalizing discrimination against gay and transgender Americans, it can be tempting to think they are impervious to argument.
|
|
"We are institutionalizing a chance in the culture of government [and] HHS to never forget that religious freedom is a primary freedom, that it is a civil right that deserves complete enforcement and respect," Severino said.
|
|
The NAP is a significant policy tool that has already had a tremendous impact on institutionalizing and prioritizing women's participation and protection in the implementing agencies, particularly the Departments of State, Defense, and U.S. Agency for International Development.
|
|
Some of her key policies include institutionalizing a free lunch program at public schools to combat malnutrition and taking a multilateral, diplomatic approach to the country's maritime dispute with China in the South China Sea, or West Philippine Sea, conflict.
|
|
But by the time the Ullen Center for Contemporary Art birthed a thousand hot takes by fully institutionalizing the movement with their exhibition Art Post-Internet in 2014, it became impractical to see the internet as something that was escapable.
|
|
INSTITUTIONALIZING ANTI-CORRUPTION Xi plans to overhaul China's anti-corruption architecture to create a powerful super-ministry, the National Supervision Commission, that will combine work by a number agencies, not including the CCDI, although the two will share offices and personnel.
|
|
In Virginia, lawmakers were so intent on institutionalizing Jim Crow that, in 1919, the Legislature codified every bus driver and train crew member as "a special policeman (with) all the powers of conservators of the peace," including pursuit and arrest.
|
|
One of President Trump's lead Middle East peace negotiators lashed out at the Palestinian Authority on Friday, accusing it of institutionalizing support for terrorism amid a dispute over Israeli tax transfers that make up a significant portion of Palestinian revenues.
|
|
Uber will only concede the bare minimum, as it must, because any more would reveal the fact that Uber's entire business model is to take advantage of our extremely weak labor laws long enough to legitimize itself while institutionalizing its exploitation.
|
|
I've always been a passionate Atlanticist because I believe institutionalizing the European-American bond that grew out of World War II is what saved my generation from the wars my father and uncle were summoned from distant South Africa to join.
|
|
Despite many blaming him for losing swathes of territory to Islamic State and institutionalizing corruption in Iraq's bloated ministries, Maliki is still seen by his considerable base of supporters as a strong leader who stood up to the West and defends Shi'ite interests.
|
|
"I think they decided their long-term interest is in institutionalizing an arrangement with Saudi Arabia, and I think it's two governments playing cat and mouse with each other when their objectives have slowly come to diverge from one another," said Morse.
|
|
"By institutionalizing discrimination, laws criminalizing sex between men reinforce systematic prejudices toward gay men, bisexual men, transgender people and non-binary people, whether in the military or in the street or in the home," Amnesty said in a report released on Thursday.
|
|
"Saudi Arabia and Russia acknowledge the hard work that has been done over the past year and a half along with members of the declaration of cooperation and plan to continue having that cooperation and institutionalizing it to a permanent framework," the source said.
|
|
"Zhao's job appears to be less about taking down tigers and swatting flies but more about effectively institutionalizing the anti-corruption system and getting the CCDI mechanisms implemented at all levels," said Damien Ma, associate director at the Paulson Institute, a U.S. think tank.
|
|
He contributed to the development of a systematic platform for equities trading, established the foundation of our systematic market making business by institutionalizing the Trader Who Codes construct, and led the effort to externalize the division's capabilities to clients through Marquee, among other important innovations.
|
|
Photo: bjdlzx/Getty Images Photo: bjdlzx/Getty Images That kind of future-forward, technology-centric policing was rejected in Oakland and is under review in other cities around the country, due to concerns about the utility of the algorithms and concerns over institutionalizing bias through faulty technology.
|
|
But today, with the rise of mass incarceration and the militarization of our police departments, many people consider extrajudicial shootings—which were brought into sharp focus after Martin's shooting, even though Zimmerman was not a police officer—as picking up where lynchings left off in the 1950s by institutionalizing them.
|
|
"And we are institutionalizing a change in the culture of government, beginning with H.H.S." Unlike previous Republican administrations, when it was Congress or the Supreme Court that initiated the biggest changes to abortion law, many of the most significant developments today are occurring at the agency level, largely out of public view.
|
|
Or 1980, when Ronald Reagan succeeded in institutionalizing and accelerating this right-wing political offensive, thus changing the world, including the Democratic Party, so much that the Bill ClintonWilliam (Bill) Jefferson ClintonThe magic of majority rule in elections The return of Ken Starr Assault weapons ban picks up steam in Congress MORE presidency would build on his legacy.
|
|
Both the economy minister and the almost-ambassador Eduardo Bolsonaro have suggested that if Brazilians tried to mimic their neighbors, the government would answer with a new "AI-5" — that is, a new version of the decree issued by the military in 1968 that dissolved Congress, suspended many constitutional guarantees and curtailed press freedom, thus institutionalizing censorship and torture.
|
|
"Intimate relations, and certainly the available option of institutionalizing them by marriage and starting a family — even if that does not happen in the story — between Jews and non-Jews, are seen by large portions of society as a threat on the separate identities," Dalia Fenig, an Education Ministry official, told Ynet a leading Israeli news site, in December 2015.
|
|
Koirala is widely known for protecting corrupt politicians and institutionalizing corruption in Nepal.
|
|
Service learning can carry the possibility to recreate social disparities and advance, instead of dissipate, stereotypes.Aktas, Fatih, et al. “Institutionalizing Global Citizenship.” Journal of Studies in International Education, vol.
|
|
Behzad has been instrumental in institutionalizing mathematics education and popularization of mathematics in Iran, and has received numerous awards and recognition for his lifetime service to the Iranian scientific community.
|
|
Another new approach in sexuality education curricula in Thailand has been the Teenpath Project developed by PATH, Thailand. PATH has also succeeded in institutionalizing sexuality education curricula in schools since 2003.
|
|
Institutionalizing Congress and the Presidency: The U.S. Bureau of Efficiency, 1916-1933. College Station, Tex.: Texas A&M; University Press, 2006. This Hoover-sponsored bill established the purchasing authority of the federal government.
|
|
Christina Bratt Paulston. (1997). "Language Policies and Language Rights". Annual Review Anthropology,26,73–85. Language legislation delimiting official usage can by grouped into official, institutionalizing, standardizing, and liberal language legislation, based on its function.
|
|
Richardson, 56. The critic Nancy Armstrong has described Practical Education and Erasmus Darwin's A Plan for the Conduct of Female Education in Boarding Schools (1798) as "efforts at institutionalizing the curriculum proposed by" conduct books.
|
|
INJAZ has a platform to set up volunteer services. INJAZ already succeeded in institutionalizing volunteerism within the corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs, which have been already adopted by many of its over-300 private and public sector partners.
|
|
During its September 3, 2019 session, the city council approved an ordinance institutionalizing the conduct of regular and special sessions outside of its current session hall. These sessions would also be aired live on the official Facebook page of the Cebu City's Public Information Office (PIO).
|
|
The British Indian government set up the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine between 1910 and its opening in 1921 as a postgraduate center for tropical medicine on the periphery of the Empire.Helen Power, "The Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine: Institutionalizing Medical Research in the Periphery," Medical History (1996) 40#2 pp 197-214.
|
|
In 1997, the two countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) institutionalizing the bilateral political dialogue between the respective foreign ministries. The political dialog is accompanied by cooperation in trade and economy, culture, technical assistance, science, academic exchanges, tourism etc. There are between 37,155–50,000 Filipino workers in Israel as of 2004.
|
|
Philipa Idogho is a Nigerian academic administrator, who was rector of Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi Edo State. between 2008 and 2016. She was the first female rector of the institution and has been noted to have played a significant role in improving academic capacities and institutionalizing responsibility within the school during her reign.
|
|
Epistemic communities usually aid in issues concerning a technical nature. Normally, they guide decision makers towards the appropriate norms and institutions by framing and institutionalizing the issue-area. Epistemic communities are also a source of policy innovation. Communities have indirect and direct roles in policy coordination by diffusing ideas and influencing the positions adopted.
|
|
M.J. Sergot, A computational theory of normative positions, ACM Trans. Comput. Log. 2 (2001) 581–622. In the context of multi-agent systems, norms have been modelled using state transition diagrams. Often, especially in the context of electronic institutions,Marc Esteva, Juan A. Rodríguez-Aguilar, Josep Lluís Arcos, Carles Sierra, Pere Garcia: Institutionalizing Open Multi-Agent Systems.
|
|
Nemesio E. Prudente (December 19, 1927 – March 28, 2008) was an educator, political activist, and human rights defender revered for serving as President of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. Prudente is credited with revitalizing public education in the Philippines by institutionalizing much- needed changes in the state university he led, which will eventually become the largest state university.
|
|
Modern marine conservation first became globally recognized in the 1970s after World War II in an era known as the "marine revolution". The United States federal legislation showed its support of marine conservation by institutionalizing protected areas and creating marine estuaries. In the late-1940s the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)was formed.Zacharias, Mark (2014).
|
|
Australia hesitated. Recalling an earlier and easier era, Canberra wondered whether more might be lost than gained in institutionalizing the relationship. In the end, Australia agreed that relations had become too important to be managed through simple ad hoc consultations. In September 1982, the two countries agreed to create a Senior Officials Committee (SOC) that would meet annually to oversee the relationship.
|
|
However, he paid no less attention to the problems of institutionalizing group interests, considering them in the context of changes in the economic life of Europe and the United States. His research echoed in general the theoretical developments of representatives of the German historical school (including in the analysis of specific historical and economic problems), as well as the findings of T. Veblen.
|
|
The Boyfriend discusses nation and nationalism as it relates to sexuality. The postcolonial nation- state, through institutionalizing marriage, abhors homosexuality. Bakshi argues that in doing so, it "produces and reproduces" codes of sexuality and gender that were present in the colonial nation (India before independence). Moreover, while Yudi is able to transcend the nation, Milind "internalizes" the nation and the heteronormative ideas that nation brings along.
|
|
Nollʼs sociological significance consists in institutionalizing the earlier work done by his teacher Wolfgang Zapf and his colleagues in SPES and Sfb 3: by doing this, Noll, in international comparison, saved Germany a prominent ranking place in the scale of social reporting intensity.Franz Rothenbacher, Measuring Social Reporting Intensity in Industrialized Countries: An Exercise in the Sociology of Knowledge. EURODATA Newsletter 1999: no. 9, pp.
|
|
His leftist credentials were enhanced when he co-founded, in 1972, the Philippine-Soviet Friendship Society.Gleeck, Jr., p. 387 As Labor Secretary Ople was instrumental in the framing of the Labor Code of the Philippines, which codified the labor laws of the country and introduced innovations such as prohibiting the termination of workers without legal cause. Ople instituted labor policies institutionalizing the technical education of workers.
|
|
Kantipur which was first published on 7th Falgun 2049 B.S. (18 February 1993) along with its sister publication The Kathmandu Post, is often credited for taking the lead in institutionalizing free press and professional journalism in the country. Kantipur has not only been praised for its stance towards multi-party democracy and press freedom in Nepal but also has faced government scrutiny and repression.
|
|
"Ghost soldiers" were men on army payrolls who never showed up for duty, but paid their officers part of their salaries, thus institutionalizing corruption and hollowing out the armed forces. Iraqi President Fuad Masum paid a goodwill visit to Saudi Arabia in November 2014. In response, Saudi Arabia prepared to reopen its embassy in Baghdad, which had remained closed since the start of the Gulf War in 1990.
|
|
Barangay health workers are a type of community health workers and act as health advocates and educators within their communities. They live in the communities they serve and receive about five weeks of training, ranging from administering immunizations, weighing children, birthing services, etc. They provide information, education and motivation services for primary health care, maternal and child health, child rights, family planning and nutrition.Basics Support for Institutionalizing Child Survival Project.
|
|
Romania has made progress in institutionalizing democratic principles, civil liberties, and respect for human rights since the Romanian Revolution in December 1989. Some present-day Romanian politicians are former members of the Romanian Communist Party. Since membership in the party was a requirement for advancement before 1989, many people joined to get ahead rather than because of ideological conviction; however, the Communist past of some Romanian politicians remains controversial.
|
|
SRM necessitates a consistency of approach and a defined set of behaviors that foster trust over time. Effective SRM requires not only institutionalizing new ways of collaborating with key suppliers, but also actively dismantling existing policies and practices that can impede collaboration and limit the potential value that can be derived from key supplier relationships. At the same time, SRM should entail reciprocal changes in processes and policies at suppliers.
|
|
Governor Trinkle released a report on the critical financial condition of the Commonwealth. Within the report, Trinkle reported that one of the largest contributions to Virginia’s dire financial state was the increased spending on institutionalizing what he called "defectives". Trinkle advocated the compulsory sterilization law as a cost-saving strategy for public institutions that had experienced growth in the incarceration of what he referred to as feeble-minded and defective populations.
|
|
León was born in Pujilí, Cotopaxi Province to Pujileños José Gabriel León Jácome and Matilde Victoria Lara Rubio. In 1953, she married General Guillermo Rodríguez and had five children. As First Lady of Ecuador, León was president of the National Children's Trust (INNFA since 1980). She focused on institutionalizing it, giving it legal status and drawing up a complete inventory of assets it owned created by Corina del Parral in 1960.
|
|
Over the course of the following decade, the institution continued to expand, constructing more buildings and fostering a growing population, with an increased emphasis on institutionalizing those with severe disabilities. Living conditions hardly improved. With a larger population of younger and more severely disabled inmates, the Exeter School's shortage of qualified care-givers grew more acute. As supervision became increasingly difficult, the infirm and helpless languished, and a new generation of defective delinquents grew bolder.
|
|
The Bretton Woods system meeting in 1944 laid down the monetary and trade rules that facilitated the opening and subsequent flourishing of the world economy.Ikenberry, John. "The Rise of China and the Future of the West", Foreign Affairs, January/February 2008 In institutionalizing its power, the United States was willing to act as a "reluctant superpower," making concessions to weaker states in order to ensure their participation in their desired framework.John Ikenberry (2001).
|
|
The point of this was to redefine art because he lived as a rebel against all formalizing and institutionalizing tendencies of art. Greco believed that art is an act of discovery and a process of looking. Through this project, he aimed to teach people to see the beauty of everyday objects. Greco created this series because he believed that people should not create art and then go back and re-decorate it.
|
|
Antonio Maura During 1919 the Mellistas were busy institutionalizing the movement. Its backbone were local Centros de Acción Tradicionalista, emergent throughout the country; in Madrid El Pensamiento Español was set up as the national press tribuneAndrés Martín 2000, pp. 165-6, 179-180, Josep Carles Clemente, Seis estudios sobre el carlismo, Madrid 1999, , p. 21 and there were also attempts to build an affiliated youth and shirt organization, Juventudes y Requetés Tradicionalistas.
|
|
He strongly opposed the adoption of the present constitution, which reversed most of the provisions institutionalizing ethnic Fijian supremacy in the earlier 1990 constitution. When Parliament passed the new constitution, Butadroka publicly burnt it. In 1999, he merged his party, now called the Nationalist United Front Party (FNUPF), with Iliesa Duvuloco's Vanua Tako Lavo Party to form the Nationalist Vanua Tako Lavo Party. The party won one seat, though Butadroka himself was not elected.
|
|
This effort gives advocates greater autonomy and opportunity to influence policy and work toward institutionalizing bilingual education.Anne Marie-deMejia (2005) Bilingual Education in South America, Retrieved June 1, 2011. / Toledo's efforts at decentralization sought to give indigenous groups greater influence upon policy-making on a regional level. The first regional and local elections, held in November 2002, required that 15% of the candidates in regions with an indigenous presence must have indigenous backgrounds.
|
|
In the aftermath, proposals for further institutionalizing industrial development-related issues within the UN were considered by various advisory groups and inter-organizational organs. Subsequently, the United Nations General Assembly created the UNIDO in November 1966 as a special organ of the United Nations. In January 1967, the Organization was formally established with headquarters in Vienna, Austria. Compared to the Industrial Development Centre, UNIDO's creation was intended to broaden the work of its predecessor.
|
|
Each program aimed to increase Spanish fluency. In 1985, the Constitution legalized bilingual education and the Ministry of Education formed the Programa Nacional de Educación Bilingüe (PRONEBI). PRONEBI developed from the 1980–1984 National Bilingual Education Project, and aimed to provide bilingual education for rural indigenous children. PRONEBI differed from previous education programs in recognizing the value of Mayan culture and language in Guatemala's multicultural and multilingual society, and has played a major role in institutionalizing intercultural bilingual education.
|
|
IBJ is dedicated to protecting the legal rights of everyday citizens in developing countries, and has a special focus on the indigent accused. The organization focuses on institutionalizing defender practices by training public defenders, or legal aid lawyers, in countries where their help is needed. IBJ has expanded to countries throughout Africa and Asia, including Rwanda, Burundi, China, Cambodia, India, and Zimbabwe. As a social entrepreneur, Tse is supported by the Skoll, Echoing Green and Ashoka foundations.
|
|
The Kayoola Solar Bus is a 35-seater electric solar bus with zero tailpipe emissions, a range of 80 km, with latent range extension from the real-time charging enabled by the roof mounted solar panels. The development of the Kayoola Solar Bus Concept represents the commitment of the Kiira Motors Project to championing the progressive development of local capacity for Vehicle Technology Innovation, a key ingredient for institutionalizing a sustainable Vehicle Manufacturing Industry in Uganda.
|
|
Pro Juventute is a charitable foundation in Switzerland established in 1912. It is dedicated to supporting the rights and needs of Swiss children and youth. Since 1913, the Swiss post office has issued an annual charity stamp series to support the work of Pro Juventute. Until the 1970s, the semi- official policy of institutionalizing Yenish parents and having their children adopted by more "normal" Swiss citizens was carried out by Pro Juventute on behalf of the Swiss government.
|
|
Some of Feyerabend's work concerns the way in which people's perception of reality is influenced by various rules. In his last book, unfinished when he died, he talks of how our sense of reality is shaped and limited. Conquest of Abundance: A Tale of Abstraction versus the Richness of Being bemoans the propensity we have of institutionalizing these limitations. The last philosophy book that Feyerabend finished is The Tyranny of Science (written 1993, published May 13, 2011).
|
|
Darwish was appointed in the cabinet of Ahmed Nazif in 2004 as a minister of state for administrative development tasked with developing the government's electronic services and institutionalizing governance policies. During his tenure as a Minister of State for Administrative Development, he was awarded the 2007 Middle East Eminent Persons from Singapore. The entire Nazif Cabinet resigned with the orders of then-president Hosni Mubarak as part of the political concessions done during the 2011 Egyptian revolution.
|
|
The historical context of these states has not allowed for the evolution of their foster care system. NGO's have urged them to evolve; however the traditional system of institutionalizing these children is still in place. Thirdly, liberal democracies do not have the support from its political system in order to take care of these children, even though they have the resources. Finally, social democracies are the most advanced governments in regards to their foster care system.
|
|
Also, better drugs became available so that patients could be treated at home. It was also meant to reduce the cost of institutionalizing so many mentally ill people. This Act led to the closure of many psychiatric hospitals including Fairfield Hospital, which finally closed in 1999. The main building with its water towers is Grade II listed, the façade having been restored and its interior being converted into flats and a health club and renamed Fairfield Hall.
|
|
Though the original text of the Caliph's 1207 reform measures have been lost, reproductions describe an attempt at restructuring and institutionalizing futuwwa in a manner beneficial to Caliphal authority. One 1221 mission to Anatolia, for example, sought to propagate this reform to the Islamic frontier.Goshgarian 2008, p. 99. Its contents include such measures as a strengthening of the important of the distribution of the trousers of futuwwa by the caliph and an assertion of Caliphal responsibility in protecting buildings of the futuwwa.
|
|
At first glance, the PRI's name looks like a confusing oxymoron or paradox to speakers of English, for they normally associate the term "revolution" with the destruction of "institutions". As Rubén Gallo contends, the Mexican concept of institutionalizing the Revolution simply refers to the corporatist nature of the party, that is, the PRI subsumed the "disruptive energy" of the Revolution (and thereby ensured its own longevity) by co-opting and incorporating its enemies into its bureaucratic government as new institutional sectors.
|
|
With the plague as a reality in their daily life, the populations of these Central Italian cities were no strangers to fear and to the horror of the Black Death. Depictions of the wrath of God and the sacrifice of Jesus in the processional gonfaloni heightened their urgency to find ways to appease God and their own guilt. The confraternity flagellations provided a real and dramatic sense of atonement. Thus, the plague aided in institutionalizing flagellation as part of personal devotion to God.
|
|
213 "So it is clear that Solon was responsible for institutionalizing pederasty to some extent at Athens in the early sixth century." According to various authors, ancient lawgivers (and therefore Solon by implication) drew up a set of laws that were intended to promote and safeguard the institution of pederasty and to control abuses against freeborn boys. In particular, the orator Aeschines cites laws excluding slaves from wrestling halls and forbidding them to enter pederastic relationships with the sons of citizens.
|
|
Scholars such as Robyn Wiegman argue that, "academic feminism is perhaps the most successful institutionalizing project of its generation, with more full- time faculty positions and new doctoral degree programs emerging each year in the field it inaugurated, Women's Studies". Feminist educational theory stems from four key tenets, supported by empirical data based on surveys of feminist educators. The first tenet of feminist educational theory is, "Creation of participatory classroom communities". Participatory classroom communities often are smaller classes built around discussion and student involvement.
|
|
Varsity Spirit, LLC, also known as Varsity, is an American cheerleading company owned by Varsity Brands. Founded in 1974 as the Universal Cheerleaders Association, the company is a manufacturer of apparel for cheerleading and dance teams, organizer of cheerleading competitions, and operator of training camps and sanctioning bodies. The company's vertical integration and monopoly status has faced criticism, including accusations of anti-competitive practices, conflicts of interest via control of governing bodies, and institutionalizing high financial costs for participation in forms of competitive cheerleading.
|
|
In the late '80s, the company, along with Eastman Kodak and Allied Signal, began involvement with Motorola, institutionalizing Motorola's Six Sigma methodology. Motorola, which originally developed the Six Sigma methodology, began this work in 1982. In 1992, the DSEG division of Texas Instruments' quality-improvement efforts were rewarded by winning the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award for manufacturing. ;Infrared and radar systems TI developed the AAA-4 infra-red search and track in the late '50s and early '60s for the F-4B PhantomSweetman 1987, p. 526.
|
|
Forged Subjectivity is an exhibition employing multiple screens, photo-transparencies, paintings, medical artifacts, and text to expose the compulsory nature of identifying and institutionalizing sexual difference, and the consequent perpetuation of gender roles. Constructing a fictional biography of a cross-dressing Member of Parliament named John White, née Eliza McCormick, Wyngaarden erodes masculine and heterosexual influences in the writing of history. John White's life is used as an entry point into the examination of the omission of cross-dressed women and lesbians from collective history.
|
|
This interval brought some of Eminescu's most violent attacks, which repeatedly suggest imprisoning, institutionalizing or even hanging the Rosettists, as "filibusters" or "parasites".Cioculescu (1971), p.131–132 Under Costinescu and Maiorescu, Românul and Junimea were again quarreling with each other on literary subjects. In a Românul article of February 1882, N. Xenopol stated the case for a revolution in Romanian letters, endorsing the literary realism of a dissident Junimist, Ioan Slavici; he also began a bitter dispute with Eminescu, which reverberated in the liberal newspapers.
|
|
Javadi articulated some of her plans for the DoE. She stated that she would work towards the goals of institutionalizing the culture of protecting the environment, boosting public awareness about environmental considerations on the basis of sustainable development, holding environmental training courses from kindergarten all the way up to the universities, and focusing the DoE on the facilitation of research. In November 2007, Javadi organized a circus in Pardisan Park in Tehran. She was criticized by Iranian NGOs and activists for the circus's abuse of animals.
|
|
In October 2015, the CCDI under Wang's leadership released a new and complete set of regulations on party disciplinary procedures and rules on party member conduct, a document aimed at institutionalizing the party's ability to discipline its members and reduce corruption. Additionally, Wang introduced for the first time a set of disciplinary procedures for party disciplinary officials themselves. Wang's anti-corruption work gained him accolades within the party leadership, with many calling for an extension of his term at the 19th Party Congress in 2017.
|
|
He believed the dualism of practical reason might be solved outside of philosophical ethics if it were shown, empirically, that the recommendations of rational egoism and utilitarianism coincided due to the reward of moral behaviour after death. According to Bart Schultz, despite Sidgwick's prominent role in institutionalizing parapsychology as a discipline, he had upon it an “overwhelmingly negative, destructive effect, akin to that of recent debunkers of parapsychology”; he and his Sidgwick Group associates became notable for exposing fraud mediums. One such incident was the exposure of the fraud of Eusapia Palladino.
|
|
This contributed to a significant change in traditional medical science by encouraging educational institutions to produce more competent health care professionals, research, institutionalizing and licensing of new drugs. However, a major policy decision was taken in 2002 by launching the National Mission on AYUSH. The key emphasis of the policy was: elevation of the indian alternative traditional medical science to its achieve its potential and to phase-wise integrating AYUSH with modern medicine in India. The scarcity of trained health care professionals was also an impediment in a vast country like India.
|
|
To compensate for the shortage of priests in the new diocese, Obviar also founded the Our Lady of the Most Holy Seminary which was later renamed as Our Lady of Mount Carmel Seminary, a minor seminary in Sariaya, Quezon. Decades after, a major seminary was founded by the Diocese of Lucena re-institutionalizing the name Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary Seminary. The establishment of this increased the number of priests attending from 1951 to 1975. In the year of his retirement, it had increased by more than 100 priests.
|
|
Emily Thorne (Emily VanCamp) moves on to her next target, Dr. Michelle Banks (Amy Landecker), a psychiatrist who is responsible for institutionalizing her while her father (James Tupper) was in prison. The episode starts with Emily sitting in Dr. Banks office. Emily has been seeing Dr Banks for her 'emotional trauma', which she uses as a disguise to get friendlier with Dr Banks. After the therapy sessions we see that Dr Banks records all her sessions and looks back on them after the session to make notes about the client.
|
|
The cross-border cooperation was taken up again as soon as possible after the end of the Second World War. One of the first big achievements was the opening of the airport “EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg” in 1946. In the years following the Second World War, the cooperation happened mainly on a sectoral and informal level. The creation of the association Regio Basiliensis in 1963 and the Regio du Haut-Rhin in 1965 were proof that the efforts of institutionalizing the cross-border cooperation in the region started to bear fruits.
|
|
August 31 : The Neutrality Act of 1935 is passed in the United States imposing a general embargo on trading in arms and war materials with all parties in a war and it also declared that American citizens traveling on ships of warring nations traveled at their own risk. September 15 : The Reichstag passes the Nuremberg Laws, institutionalizing discrimination against Jews and providing the legal framework for the systematic persecution of Jews in Germany. October 3 : Italy invades Ethiopia, beginning the Second Italo–Abyssinian War. League denounces Italy and calls for an oil embargo that fails.
|
|
Eventually these violent outbursts abated and the Greek and Turkish foreign ministers presented an “agreed constitutional framework” to the UN in 1959. One scholar characterized this new constitutional framework as, “an elaborate and inflexible code, designed to accommodate inter communal differences by sharing power between the communities and institutionalizing ethnic differences within the political system.” In the new system, the President was elected by the Greek-Cypriot population, and the Vice-President was elected by the Turkish-Cypriot population. Each had veto power, but both communities worked together in the legislative assembly.
|
|
An organizational learning framework: From learning to institution.Academy of Management Review, 24: 522–537 describe organizational learning as a dynamic process, where new ideas and actions move from individuals to the organization and same time organization return feedback as a data what have been learned and experienced in past. Feed-back from the organization comes to the individual through groups and vice versa. They divided organizational learning into three levels where individual learning is based on intuiting and interpreting while group learning is based on interpreting and integrating and finally organization is about institutionalizing.
|
|
Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009: 141-168. Simultaneously, an ethnic movement took root in southern Louisiana led by Acadian-Creoles like James Donald Faulk, Dudley Joseph Leblanc and Jules O. Daigle. Faulk, a French teacher in Crowley, Louisiana, introduced using the term "Cajun French" for Acadian-Creoles and French Creoles who identified as Cajun, for which he created a curriculum guide for institutionalizing the language in schools in 1977. Roman Catholic Priest Jules O. Daigle, who in 1984 published his Dictionary of the Cajun Language, followed him.
|
|
Ludwig Binswanger was against the idea of institutionalizing his "psychiatric Daseinsanalysis" and focused solely on research. However, Medard Boss, a friend and colleague of both Ludwig Binswanger and Martin Heidegger wanted to take Daseinsanalysis beyond research and turn it into a practical therapy. Initially, Boss was a strong believer in Freudian psychoanalysis, but after World War II, Boss felt that the meta- psychology of psychoanalysis was fundamentally flawed and that Daseinsanalysis was correct. However, in 1957, Boss published a paper that directly criticized not only Freud and his student Jung, but Binswanger as well.
|
|
Online edition of Sunday Observer - 10 Aug 2003 A hartal is often used for political reasons, for example by an opposition political party protesting against a governmental policy or action. The term comes from Gujarati (હડતાળ haḍtāḷ or હડતાલ haḍtāl), signifying the closing down of shops and warehouses with the goal of satisfying a demand. Mahatma Gandhi, who hailed from Gujarat, used the term to refer to his anti- British general strikes, effectively institutionalizing the term. The contemporary origins of this form of public protest date back to the British colonial rule in India.
|
|
For three decades, she campaigned against the institutionalization of people with disabilities, and for the rehabilitation and personal assistance services that would make an empowered life possible for them in their communities. "[M]orally, institutionalizing young people with so much potential for service is wrong," she said in 1963. And in 1977, " Of first importance is the right to freedom of choice to live as normal a life as possible within the community… Segregation is unnormal." "Virginia Grace Wilson 'Gini' Laurie" in Pelka, F. The ABC-CLIO Companion to The Disability Rights Movement.
|
|
The council was given several remedial options to tackle some groundwater issues. The organization's work was nominated by the state for Prime Minister's Excellence Award in Organization category in 2009. In his dissertation at the University of Sussex, titled “Organisational Change: From Blue Print approach Organization to Community-Oriented Organisation, with a case study of Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency, Government of Maharashtra, India”, he talks about how and why organization changes to adopt participatory approach.. The dissertation also probed the challenge of institutionalizing changes and make them sustainable in the long run.
|
|
By 1724, the large number of blacks in Louisiana prompted the institutionalizing of laws governing slavery within the colony. These laws required that slaves be baptized in the Roman Catholic faith, slaves be married in the Church, and gave slaves no legal rights. The slave law formed in the 1720s is known as the Code Noir, which would bleed into the antebellum period of the American South as well. Louisiana slave culture had its own distinct Afro-Creole society that called on past cultures and the situation for slaves in the New World.
|
|
Laing's interests lie in the field of jurisprudence and applied ethics. Commenting on contemporary moral conundrums she applies natural law thinkingJacqueline Laing and Russell Wilcox, A Natural Law Reader, Blackwell, 2013 to questions about the family, life and death,David S Oderberg and Jacqueline A Laing Human Lives: Critical Essays on Consequentialist Bioethics, London, Macmillan, 1996 and the limits of legal regulation. On the subject of voluntary euthanasia she argues that institutionalizing medically assisted death erodes respect for human life,J.A. Laing (1990), "Assisting Suicide" Journal of Criminal Law, 54, 106-116.
|
|
Frank-McCarron went on trial on January 7, 2008. Prosecutors said that before suffocating Katie, Frank-McCarron suggested institutionalizing her then-3-year-old daughter and putting her up for adoption. name="uticaod.com"/>. After a week-long trial, she was convicted of first degree murder, obstruction of justice, and concealing a homicidal death on January 17, 2008. Frank-McCarron was sentenced to 36 years in prison, 30 months of supervised release after her prison term and was ordered to pay a $25,000 penalty to the state of Illinois.
|
|
In 1997, the two countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) institutionalizing the bilateral political dialogue between the respective foreign ministries. The political dialog is accompanied by cooperation in trade and economy, culture, technical assistance, science, academic exchanges, tourism etc. On November 28, 2007, the Knesset honored the thirty three countries which supported the UN Resolution 181 in celebration of 60th Anniversary of the State of Israel. The UN resolution, which marked January 27, as a yearly commemorative to honor the Holocaust's victims, was co-sponsored by the Philippines.
|
|
The resource person was the SSC-MEP ISO Consultant-Engr. Luther D. Bersales, an ISO Management System Consultant and trainer of the Bersales Consultancy, MMB Compound, Kinalumsan Road, Canjulao, Lapu-lapu City. Dr. Taroc recommended to the SUC President II of Siquijor State College the implementation of the Executive Order (EO) No. 605, “Institutionalizing the Structure, Mechanisms and Standards to implement the Government Quality Management Program on 8 March 2011. The said EO directs all government agencies to adopt the ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System as part of a government-wide quality management program.
|
|
The Shangqing school "succeeded in adhering to a perilous ridgeline" situated between ancient shamanism or mediumship and modern institutionalizing a church and codifying its liturgy (Robinet 1993: 228). Chinese shamanic spirit journeys are a key literary device in both Zhengao poems and earlier Chuci (Songs of Chu) poems such as Li Sao (Encountering Sorrow), Yuan You (Far-off Journey), Jiu Ge (Nine Songs), and Jiu Bian (Nine Changes). Chinese wu shamans were spirit mediums who practiced divination, prayer, sacrifice, and rainmaking. Many of their practices were later adapted by Daoists.
|
|
While much research has gone into community programming for AIDS orphans, only a few efforts focus on saving the lives of the HIV-infected parents themselves. When comparing institution-based care and community-based care, studies have shown that there is less discrimination in the former. However, the government of India has used institutionalizing orphans as the norm, and have not fully explored other options like fostering or community-based care for AIDS orphans. India pledged to provide better resources for AIDS orphans at the UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS in 2001.
|
|
An additional debate is between institutionalizing persons with disabilities versus supporting them in their homes. In 1963 during John F. Kennedy’s presidency, he transformed the national view of mental health by boosting funding for community-based programs and drafting legislation for mental health care. He also created the President's Panel on Mental Retardation, which created recommendations for new programs that governments can implement on a state level, therefore moving away from "custodial institutions". This shift away from institutionalization has generated a long-lasting stigma against mental health institutions, which is why in politics there is often not enough funding for this concept.
|
|
Gopalacharulu pioneered the modernization of Ayurveda in South India by concentrating on the systematization of knowledge as contained in the ancient works on Ayurveda and also on institutionalizing this ancient practice of medicine. His major achievements include the creation and manufacture of two botanical remedies, Haimadi Panakam and Satadhouta Ghritam' - the cure for the Plague in Mysore. He started his career as the Chief Physician of the Kanyaka Parameswari Charities free dispensary was instrumental in starting the Madras Ayurveda Laboratories and the Ayurvedic College at Madras. Despite the deep-rooted hatred of the British against the oriental medical systems, Gopalcharlu practiced Ayurveda.
|
|
Some well-born persons have been prone to marry an ineligible spouse. Particularly in European countries where the equal birth of spouses (Ebenbürtigkeit) was an important condition to marriages of dynasts of reigning houses and high nobility, the old matrimonial and contractual law provision of dowering was taken into a new use by institutionalizing the morganatic marriage. Marriage being morganatical prevents the passage of the husband's titles and privileges to the wife and any children born of the marriage. Morganatic, from the Latin phrase matrimonium ad morganaticam, refers to the dower (Latin: morganaticum, German: Morgengabe, Swedish: morgongåva ).
|
|
The term deschooling was popularized by Ivan Illich, who argued that the school as an institution is dysfunctional for self-determined learning and serves the creation of a consumer society instead. Illich thought that "the dismantling of the public education system would coincide with a pervasive abolition of all the suppressive institutions of society". Illich "charges public schooling with institutionalizing acceptable moral and behavioral standards and with constitutionally violating the rights of young adults." IIlich subscribes to Goodman's belief that most of the useful education that people acquire is a by-product of work or leisure and not of the school.
|
|
The NYU team's predicted that Russia would ultimately have to outsource its security if it were to continue experiencing demographic decline, and if its economy were to remain heavily dependent on commodity exports. Participants from the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies argued that India was rooting for Pakistan's disintegration, considering the collapse of the Muslim state as a prerequisite to fully institutionalizing India's alliance with the United States. Students at Sussex believed that North Korea would collapse without Chinese support and therefore recommended that the nation diversify its allies. Organizers were surprised by the level of interest in the competition.
|
|
As of March 2012, Emanuel C. de Guzman formally sits as the University President. His administration is focused on clearing paths while laying new foundations to transform the Polytechnic University of the Philippines into an epistemic community with strategic objectives that include Pursuing Academic Excellence through Disciplinal Integrity; Embedding a Culture of Research; Assuring Transparency and Participation in Giving Rewards and Sanctions; Modernization and Upgrading of Physical Facilities, Equipment, Library and Campus Development; Reconceptualization of Academic Freedom; Institutionalizing Civil Society Engagement and Involved Extension Service Program; Fiscal Responsibility; and Assessment of the Institutional Processes and Critical- Rational Review of the Entire Organization.
|
|
Ms. Lucky Sherpa a well-known social activist of Nepal, a former Nepali ambassador for Australia and New Zealand is the first indigenous women and first Himalayan communities to be appointed as an ambassador by Nepal Government. Ms.Sherpa is the elected member of the Constituent Assembly and Parliament of Nepal (from 2008 to 2012). While in Parliament, Ms. Sherpa was a legislative member of International Relations and Human Rights Committee under the Legislative Parliament. Her role been highly acknowledged by women and indigenous communities of Nepal in parliament for institutionalizing the inclusive participation of excluded communities in mainstream politics.
|
|
Hafez was sure to make an example out of those who opposed him to keep the control within the hands of his government. The various ethnic and religious cleavages were used to maintain control over the party, military and police forces, and government institutions. Since Hafez and the armed forces were both Alawite, he was able to ensure loyalty. The loyalty that was given by the military and police forces allowed him to keep any opposition from rising against his government. After ensuring his authority, Hafez was able to begin his transition towards a market economy through institutionalizing a “social contract”.
|
|
In fact, the latter process was never necessary. Two major amendments were passed in the 1960s, one in 1965 institutionalizing one-party government, and a second in 1968 pertaining to local administration, the status of magistrates, and the designation of Hassaniya Arabic as an official language. Although the Constitution did not provide for a system of checks and balances, the assembly did have three ways to limit presidential power. First, it could refuse requested budgetary appropriations, although the president could circumvent the assembly's budgetary veto by simply promulgating an interim budget based on total receipts of the previous year.
|
|
From 1906 to 1923 Moret was curator of the Musée Guimet. In 1918 Moret succeeded Émile Amélineau as Director of Studies for the Religions of Egypt within the Fifth Section of the École pratique des hautes études, devoted to religious science.John I. Brooks III, Institutionalizing Durkeimian Sociology of Religion: the case of the Fifth Section In 1923 he became Professor of Egyptology at the College de France, and in 1927 a member of the French Academy. In 1926 he delivered the Frazer Lecture at Oxford University, taking the killing of god in Egypt as his theme.
|
|
Cowley taught also at Yale, Michigan, Minnesota, Washington, California at Irvine and Berkeley, and even the prestigious Stegner Fellowship at Stanford, among other places, but he seldom maintained a full-time teaching appointment. Literary and cultural critic Benjamin Kirbach argues that this flitting back- and-forth between universities and the publishing industry allowed Cowley to reconcile his cosmopolitan ideal within the constraints of the academy. Kirbach writes: "Cowley's itinerancy—his seemingly effortless movement between universities and the publishing industry, between writers individual and collective—played a crucial role in institutionalizing [literary] modernism" in the twentieth century.
|
|
The theory also neglects the larger social, historical and institutional context. The role of the institutional context and cultural- cognitive institutions in sensemaking should be paid more attention to. According to Taylor and Van Every, "what is missing [in Weick’s 1995 Sensemaking in Organizations version of enactment] ... is an understanding of the organization as a communicational construction or an awareness of the institutionalizing of human society that accompanies organization with its many internal contradictions and tensions". Actors are constrained by cognition through socialization in the job, school system and the media when they do sensemaking in institutions.
|
|
Panchayat () was partyless political system incepted by King Mahendra by sideling the Nepali Congress government of B. P. Koirala in December 1960. Under his direct rule King Mahendra introduced the four tired structure—village, town, district and national Panchayat—on the basis of limited elected executive committee. Mahendra consolidated power by institutionalizing and invoking the three pillars of national identity—Hindu religion, Nepali language and Monarchy—as a foundation of everyday social and religious life. Moreover, the system propagated the idea of Ek Raja, Ek Bhesh, Ek Bhasa, Ek Desh (One King, One Dress, One Language, One Nation).
|
|
Portland Sweatshop-Free Purchasing Policy requires the local apparel manufacturers to guarantee their garments were produced in workplaces free of sweatshop conditions. Local apparel manufacturers have to disclose their manufacturing facility locations and meet ethical souring practices. Apart from monitoring the local apparel manufacturers, the city also participate and collaborate with public agencies and other non- profit organization to promote sweatshop free procurement practices which is institutionalizing meaningful change. A not-for-profit organization called SweatsHops aims to produce ethical factories in Kolkata, India to stop human trafficking (women and children), and also aims to create an ethical place of work for the victims of abuse, freeing them from sex trade.
|
|
Sponsors need to feel that you are serious about helping them with their problems. One example can be a proposal to a federal agency and a private college that describes its long history of achievement by working with community partners, controlling national programs that helps the intended population, and institutionalizing project activities. The project partners have worked with grant related initiatives which includes a six-year joint teacher education program among the Midwestern Regional College and the College of Native Americans. The ideas the project director has for Native American middle school kids includes Achievement in Math, Math and Science Immersion and Kids Math Camp.
|
|
Al-Mansur or Abu Ja'far Abdallah ibn Muhammad al-Mansur (; ; 95AH – 158 AH (714 AD – 6 October 775 AD))Al-Souyouti, Tarikh Al-Kholafa'a (The History of Caliphs) was the second Abbasid Caliph reigning from 136 AH to 158 AH (754 AD – 775 AD)Stanley Lane-Poole, The Coins of the Eastern Khaleefahs in the British MuseumAxworthy, Michael (2008); A History of Iran; Basic, USA; . See p. 81. and succeeding his brother Abu al-'Abbas al-Saffah. Al-Mansur is generally regarded as the real founder of the Abbasid Caliphate, one of the largest polities in world history, for his role in stabilizing and institutionalizing the dynasty.
|
|
A great number of family forms have existed historically in Japan, from the matrilocal customs of the Heian. As official surveys conducted during the early years of the Meiji dynasty demonstrated, the most common family form during the Edo (Tokugawa) period was characterized by patrivirilocal residence, stem structure, patrilineal descent and patrilineal primogeniture, so a set of laws were promulgated institutionalizing this family pattern, beginning with the "Outline of the New Criminal Law" in 1870. In 1871, individuals were registered in an official .(Mosk 1980) In the early twentieth century, each family was required to conform to the system, with a multigenerational household under the legal authority of a household head.
|
|
463, Gallaudet University Press, 1993, The subject of blindness and education has included evolving approaches and public perceptions of how best to address the special needs of blind students. The practice of institutionalizing the blind in asylums has a history extending back over a thousand years, but it was not until the 18th century that authorities created schools for them where blind children, particularly those more privileged, were usually educated in such specialized settings. These institutions provided simple vocational and adaptive training, as well as grounding in academic subjects offered through alternative formats. Literature, for example, was being made available to blind students by way of embossed Roman letters.
|
|
They are as below: # Focus on the customer and eliminate waste: Waste elimination should be viewed from the customer perspective and all activities that do not add value to the customer needs to be looked at closely and eliminated or reduced. In an integration context, the customer is often an internal sponsor or group within an organization that uses, benefits from, or pays for, the integrated capabilities. # Continuously improve: A data driven cycle of hypothesis-validation-implementation should be used to drive innovation and continuously improve the end-to-end process. Adopting and institutionalizing lessons learned and sustaining integration knowledge are related concepts that assist in the establishment of this principle.
|
|
The Northern Ireland Women's Coalition (NIWC) was a minor cross-community political party in Northern Ireland from 1996–2006. The NIWC was founded by Catholic academic Monica McWilliams and Protestant social worker Pearl Sagar to contest elections to the Northern Ireland Forum, the body for all-party talks which led to the Belfast (Good Friday) Agreement. The party campaigned principally around the fact that it was led by women, Conciliation Resources website article by Kate Fearon (2002), "Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition: institutionalizing a political voice and ensuring representation" declining to take a position on whether Northern Ireland should be part of the United Kingdom or a United Ireland.
|
|
At the end of the five-year term, universities successful in institutionalizing translational research will receive an endowment to ensure the perpetuity of the program. Dr. Onaral’s professional services include chair and membership on advisory boards and strategic planning bodies of several universities and funding agencies, including service on the National Science Foundation's Engineering Advisory Board, and on the proposal review panels and study sections. She has served on the strategic planning team charged with the creation of Sabanci University in Istanbul, Turkey. Her professional responsibilities have included service on the Editorial Board of journals and the CRC Biomedical Engineering Handbook as Section Editor for Biomedical Signal Analysis.
|
|
The book contains suggestions for changes to learning in society and individual lifetimes. For example, he calls (in 1971) for the use of advanced technology to support "learning webs".Infed , Ivan Illich: deschooling, conviviality and lifelong learningibe Unesco.orgFulltext at Web archiveNatural learning Illich argued that the use of technology to create decentralized webs could support the goal of creating a good educational system: Illich posited self-directed education, supported by intentional social relations in fluid informal arrangements: In the last sentence, Illich suggests that the institutionalization of education is considered to institutionalize society and conversely that ideas for de-institutionalizing education may be a starting point for a de-institutionalized society.
|
|
Shortly after taking office during his second mayoral term, Landrieu announced the appointment of Ronal W. Serpas as the new Superintendent of the New Orleans Police Department until the latter's resignation in August 2014. Landrieu prioritized equal economic opportunity. From his work on NOLA FOR LIFE and black male achievement, he launched the Network for Economic Opportunity, a comprehensive strategy to connect disadvantaged job seekers and businesses to new training and job opportunities. He launched a multi-year initiative on racial reconciliation called The Welcome Table, and the City unveiled a racial equity plan tying the various initiatives together and institutionalizing the strategies in City Hall's day-to-day operations.
|
|
At the initial phase of the Lebanese civil war, more specifically in the summer of 1976, the major Maronite leaders formed the Lebanese Front, institutionalizing their cooperation. However, the relations between members of the Lebanese Front damaged in May 1978 due to Suleiman Frangieh's pro-Syrian position and his intention to leave the Front. Eventually Frangieh left the alliance later in 1978. On the other hand, at the initial stage of the civil war, Frangieh had to call on the Phalange for assistance in the north of Lebanon where before the war the Phalange had not had any power, especially in Zgharta, Frangieh's home town.
|
|
The Center for Court Innovation works with jurisdictions in New York, the U.S. and internationally. It began to offer technical assistance to other jurisdictions under grants from the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the arm of the United States Department of Justice responsible for nurturing new ideas. In 1996, the Bureau of Justice Assistance awarded the Center a grant to help cities across the U.S. develop their own community courts. Over time, the Center has also won national “requests for proposals” to provide technical assistance in a growing number of areas, including community prosecution, domestic violence, drug courts, technology, tribal justice, procedural justice, and institutionalizing problem-solving justice.
|
|
COOL's National Conference provided a great platform to engage college students interested or involved in alternative breaks from all over the nation. Student-led initiatives, now known as alternative breaks, became more prevalent on college campuses in the 1980s and early 1990s "as part of an overall surge of interest in institutionalizing community service on college campuses". Rather than travel to a traditional spring break location, groups of students came together to form a new community that was immersed in education on social issues, service work, and reflection. For the last two decades, there has been a consistent increase in the number of colleges and universities with alternative break programs.
|
|
8800 in the new Seamaster 300 M) characterized by a movement with fully anti-magnetic parts. This is the beginning of a new generation of watch movements, re-institutionalizing the mechanical movement that once was deemed obsolete by the quartz movement of the 1970s to the present day. In 2018, the 70th anniversary of the Seamaster, and the 25th anniversary of the Seamaster Diver 300 M, Omega released a new version of the Diver 300 M (also known as Seamaster Professional). It features a Zirconium dioxide bezel as well as a Zirconium dioxide watch face with laser engraved waves, paying tribute to the very first Seamaster Professional models.
|
|
Tadeusz Mazowiecki, former prime minister of Poland browsing an exhibition at the Europeana 1989 roadshow in Warsaw. Following the partially free 1989 parliamentary election, the Solidarity government of Tadeusz Mazowiecki faced the monumental task of formally institutionalizing the office in order to define its relatively vague legal powers. As the communist state was quickly dismantled, this impasse remained due to the series of unstable governments falling in quick succession in the first years of the Third Republic.Zubek pp. 96–97 Matters were not helped by the vagueness of the presidency, whose recreation during the Round Table Talks left a poorly defined yet potentially powerful office.
|
|
Within the Pale, the Jewish residents were given right of voting in municipal elections, but their vote was limited to one third of the total number of voters, even though their proportion in many areas was much higher, even a majority. This served to provide an aura of democracy, while institutionalizing conflict amongst ethnic groups on a local level. Jewish communities in Russia were governed internally by local administrative bodies, called the Councils of Elders (Qahal, Kehilla), constituted in every town or hamlet possessing a Jewish population. The Councils of Elders had jurisdiction over Jews in matters of internal litigation, as well as fiscal transactions relating to the collection and payment of taxes (poll tax, land tax, etc.).
|
|
Halpin was involved with several men at the time, including Cleveland's friend and law partner, Oscar Folsom, for whom the child was also named. Cleveland did not know which man was the father, and is believed to have assumed responsibility because he was the only bachelor among them. At the same time, Democratic operatives accused Blaine and his wife of not having been married when their eldest son, Stanwood, was born in 1851; this rumor was false, however, and caused little excitement in the campaign. Halpin disputed the claims of being involved with several men, accusing Cleveland of raping and impregnating her, then institutionalizing her against his will to gain control of their child.
|
|
This plan, created under the guidance of consulting firm Artsvision, proposed a model for institutionalizing arts education in NYC public schools. In March 1996, The Annenberg Foundation approved the proposalNew York Times Article Program Helps Arts In Schools, March 6 1996 and The Center for Arts Education was created to administer the initiative, serve as a liaison and oversee the distribution of funding. The Annenberg plan established CAE as an independent agency that was administratively distinct from the BOE. The initiative began with a two-to-one $12 million grant from the Annenberg Foundation, to be matched by a $12 million investment each from the public and private sectors, for a total $36 million.
|
|
Chinese art, Chinese architecture, Chinese cuisine, Chinese fashion, Chinese festivals, Chinese language, Chinese literature, Chinese mythology, and Chinese philosophy all have undergone thousands of years of development, while numerous Chinese sites, such as the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army, are World Heritage Sites. Since the start of the program in 2001, aspects of Chinese culture have been listed by UNESCO as Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Throughout the history of China, Chinese culture has been heavily influenced by Confucianism. Credited with shaping much of Chinese thought, Confucianism was the official philosophy throughout most of Imperial China's history, institutionalizing values like filial piety, which implied the performance of certain shared rituals.
|
|
Hassan 'Abd Allah al Turabi ad-Duktūr Ḥasan 'Abd Allāh at-Turābī in Arabic), commonly called Hassan al-Turabi (sometimes transliterated Hassan al-Tourabi) (). (1 February 1932 – 5 March 2016) was a Sudanese Islamist politician who was crucial in the success of the 1989 coup that brought Omar Al-Bashir to power. He has been called "one of the most influential figures in modern Sudanese politics", and a "longtime hard-line ideological leader".The Appendix of the 9/11 Commission Report He was instrumental in institutionalizing sharia (Islamic law) in the northern part of the country and was frequently imprisoned in Sudan, but these "periods of detention" were "interspersed with periods of high political office".
|
|
In 1898, seeking to counter these trends, Rabbi Heinemann Vogelstein established the Union of Liberal Rabbis (Vereinigung der liberalen Rabbiner). It numbered 37 members at first and grew to include 72 by 1914, about half of Germany's Jewish clergy, a proportion maintained until 1933. In 1908, Vogelstein and Rabbi Cäsar Seligmann also founded a congregational arm, the Union for Liberal Judaism in Germany (Vereinigung für das Liberale Judentum in Deutschland), finally institutionalizing the current that until then was active as a loose tendency. The Union had some 10,000 registered members in the 1920s. In 1912, Seligmann drafted a declaration of principles, "Guiding Lines towards a Program for Liberal Judaism" (Richtlinien zu einem Programm für das liberale Judentum).
|
|
It worked in cooperation with organizations such as UNICEF and UNDP in the UN system, non-governmental organizations and national governments of low income countries, and national development investment programs such as USAID, SIDA and Canadian CIDA. Its resources came entirely from voluntary contributions rather than from the assessed contributions of governments to the United Nations. UNIFEM faced two major obstacles during its initial decade under Snyder's leadership. Although units/programs directed to women's advancement were being established at national levels, the UN's institutionalizing the growing world concern for equity and justice for women through VFDW/UNIFEM was not yet fully understood by many senior UN and UNDP staff, who sought to move it away from UN headquarters and/or locate it at administratively low levels.
|
|
At the end of the 1920s are beginning to emerge as homogeneous religious groups sponsored by the Catholic Church, which since 1937 institutionalizing the Union Scouts Católicos Argentinos. As collateral phenomenon of migration from, are associations of local scouts who try to uphold the traditions of the countries where they emigrated. Many of these partnerships of local scouts (white Russians, Armenians) with time are similar to existing national institutions. Today the practice of the method and Scout Program developed by Robert Baden- Powell in 1907 adopted as different ways in late 1996 with the unification of the Asociacion de Scouts de Argentina and Union Scouts Católicos Argentinos emerging new partnerships that do not share focus on educational programs of the unified association: Scouts de Argentina.
|
|
In its educational platform, El Congreso advocated for bilingual education, increased opportunities for adult education with Spanish- speaking teachers, and institutionalizing the teaching of Mexican history and culture. The focus on implementing curriculums that included Mexican history, culture, and major contributions of Mexicans and Mexican Americans was designed to promote intercultural understanding and to fight racist stereotypes of Mexican inferiority. Some concrete educational advancements made by El Congreso included the hiring of more Mexican-American teachers in schools where the majority of students were ethnically Mexican, training sessions on Mexican-American culture for public school teachers, and funding scholarships for Mexican- American high school and college students. El Congreso was unsuccessful in its campaign for bilingual education in Los Angeles schools.
|
|
The second generation rural plan will include: upgrading health extension workers to level four Community Health Nurses, renovation and expansion of health posts, equipping and supplying health posts with the necessary equipment and supplies, shifting basic services to the community level and institutionalizing the WDA platform. In cities and urban areas, the Family Health Team approach will be introduced. The team will be composed of clinicians, public health professionals, environmental technicians, other health professional, social workers and health extension professionals to provide services for urban dwellers. Considering the varied nature of the community residing in the pastoralist and developing regions, the Ministry of Health, along with the Regional Health Bureaus is committed to developing a unique strategy to address pastoralist communities' health issues.
|
|
The texts distributed by the editorial from 1967 to 1974 have been determined as the most influential works of Chicano authors. The literary awards series, according to the editor's note introducing Bless Me, Ultima, provided a "publishing outlet through which the Chicano artist can express himself through exclusively Chicano means." The authors whose work it published are now an essential part of the Chicano literary and cultural movement. Through the journal El Grito, the Premio Quinto Sol literary award, and its various other publications, Quinto Sol played a pivotal role in the process of institutionalizing Chicano culture as a legitimate field of inquiry^ Gustavo Buenrostro, "Introducción a los anexos" in Tomás Rivera, …y no se lo tragó la tierra, ed.
|
|
In 1994, special legislation authorized Charles R. Larson to resume the superintendency of the U.S. Naval Academy, then a two-star billet, as a full admiral. When the long- serving director of the naval nuclear reactor program, Hyman G. Rickover, was finally compelled to retire in 1982, his successor was promoted to admiral and appointed director of naval nuclear propulsion, institutionalizing the position as a permanent four-star billet. To compensate, another four-star billet was eliminated by merging Allied Forces Southern Europe with U.S. Naval Forces Europe. Similarly, when the U.S. Atlantic Fleet commander (CINCLANTFLT) was separated from the Atlantic unified commander in 1985, the number of four- star billets was conserved by eliminating the chief of naval material position.
|
|
They need to be equipped with competency and skills, in response to which the Commission has signed Memorandums of Understanding with a number of countries and inter-government agencies for sharing best practices and providing technical assistance. With regard to institutionalizing training for election management bodies to be fully equipped for undertaking such visionary action; the Election Commission of India had created a separate training division. However, this division was not in a position to provide undivided attention to the changing needs of training, capacity development, research and documentation. Therefore, to provide coordination for all training activities across the country and assist young and emerging democracies abroad, IIIDEM was established to ensure that all election managers maintain high professional standards in imparting their election duties.
|
|
In Pentecostalism's early years, organizational affiliation was fluid, and many ministers of the Apostolic Faith Movement, which was a white organization, were also licensed by Charles Harrison Mason's predominantly African-American Church of God in Christ. In 1907, Goss had received a license to preach from Mason's group, and he claimed that Mason had given him permission to issue ministerial credentials under the Churches of God in Christ name for the "white work". By 1910, the name "Churches of God in Christ" was seen as a more biblical name and began to be preferred over "Apostolic Faith". The Apostolic Faith Movement played a leading role in organizing and institutionalizing Pentecostalism in the Midwest and Southwest and from 1909–1912 absorbed smaller Pentecostal groups.
|
|
The Ohio Resource Center (ORC) for mathematics, science and reading, a project of the State University Education Deans, has been funded by the Ohio General Assembly and established by the Ohio Board of Regents to: #Identify effective instructional and professional development resources and best practices and disseminate them to schools, school districts and higher education institutions. #Support sustained professional development for teachers and administrators in the effective adoption of best practices and teaching resources. #Foster an integrated educational research and development capacity for Ohio through collaboration with colleges and universities involved in teacher preparation. The role of the ORC is to identify best practices, to disseminate this information to a wide variety of user audiences, and then to assist with implementing, institutionalizing and sustaining these pre-K to 12 practices across the Ohio educational system.
|
|
Buddhist Korean Temple In 1910, Japan occupied Korea, and in order to cope with the growth of Japanese missionaries, Korea proposed an auxiliary relationship and used Korean temples as branches of Japanese denomination. In June 1911, the government tried to centralize the control of Korea Buddhism by establishing the temple administration and proposed the Temple Ordinance, which cut off the contact between Korean clergy and Japanese clergy by institutionalizing and bureaucratizing Korean Buddhism . According to the Temple Ordinance, the government re-examined each temple and select 30 Korean temples to become representatives of Korean Buddhism, and the Buddhist abbots would have important administrative powers . After that, the relationship of the remaining 1300 temples will be formalized, but the content spread by the temple need to be approved by the government .
|
|
Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Italy, p. 222. In April 1988, Sarney invited Alfonsín to participate in the inauguration of the Experimental Center of Aramar in Iperó, São Paulo. On that occasion, the two countries issued the Declaration of Iperó, which raised the status of the joint working group on nuclear issues, which had been created in 1985, to a permanent committee, thereby institutionalizing the former ad-hoc body and establishing regular meetings.Declaração de Iperó. Retrieved 10 April 2013 In November 1988, following another joint presidential visit – this time to the Argentine nuclear plant in Ezeiza, Buenos Aires – the two heads of state issued the Ezeiza Declaration, which emphasized the peaceful purpose of both countries’ nuclear programs, pledged to continue "exchange of information, experiences and technical visits," and vowed to improve bilateral nuclear cooperation.
|
|
Robert D. McFadden, James M. Buchanan, Economic Scholar and Nobel Laureate, Dies at 93, New York Times, 9 January 2013 Buchanan argued that deficit spending would evolve into a permanent disconnect between spending and revenue, precisely because it brings short-term gains, so, ending up institutionalizing irresponsibility in the federal government, the largest and most central institution in our society.Tyler Cowen, It's Time to Face the Fiscal Illusion, New York Times, 5 March 2011 Martin Feldstein argues that the legacy of Keynesian economics–the misdiagnosis of unemployment, the fear of saving, and the unjustified government intervention–affected the fundamental ideas of policy makers. Milton Friedman thought that Keynes's political bequest was harmful for two reasons. First, he thought whatever the economic analysis, benevolent dictatorship is likely sooner or later to lead to a totalitarian society.
|
|
Another concern that union leadership had was with its Communist members and other firebrands, as potentially inviting harsh repercussions from unity-minded politicians could underscore the inadequate strength of the labor movement to follow through on endangering production. Additionally, the political climate of wartime America and post-war America favored a bureaucratic union culture that adhered to an orthodoxy of institutional reform around relatively narrow objectives. Of increasing importance to union leadership was an alliance with the Democratic establishment, which demanded stricter control over union members and actions in exchange for some degree of political support in institutionalizing unions. Part of this emergent anti-radical platform was an easy embrace of the Taft- Hartley Act’s anti-communist agenda, resulting in virtually all Communists losing their union positions in only a couple years.
|
|
Even after retirement, Defensor Santiago continued to advocate the passage of many bills for the nation while in her Quezon City home. A few of these include an anti-dynasty bill, an act institutionalizing an age-appropriate curriculum to prevent the abduction, exploitation, and sexual abuse of children, an anti-epal bill, a freedom of information bill, and a magna carta for Philippine internet freedom. Before her death, various groups in the country have been lauding her to join the candidacy for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Secretary-General post where the elected Secretary-General will be positioned for 2018. Among other candidates for the position are AirAsia chief Tony Fernandes of Malaysia and an unstated representative from Brunei, which is the lead country for 2018–2022 according to tradition.
|
|
Under his presidency, PUP developed its physical facilities in Manila and in other campuses. He also formulated a new PUP logo, hymn and philosophy and had the University's organization restructured. PUP experience enhancement in its academic and co- curricular programs, upsurge in cultural activities, and maintains a dynamic physical education and sports program during his term. Because of what Prudente did, he was credited with revitalizing public education in the Philippines by institutionalizing much-needed changes in the state university he led, which will eventually become the largest state university. PUP Laboratory High School in the 1990s. In the 1990s, PUP had its first lady president appointed, Dr. Zenaida A. Olonan. PUP established its Information and Technology Center (ICTC) in 1999. It started its operations a year later in 2000.
|
|
While debatable and in need of research, the origin of the name "Mansouri" may be a derivative of the "Mansur" surname, which was first popularly recorded with Abu Jaffar Al-Mansur, The second Abbasid Caliph that reigned from 754 AD – 775 AD. Jaffar Al-Mansur is regarded to be the real founder of the Abbasid Caliphate, one of the largest polities in world history, for his role in stabilizing and institutionalizing the dynasty. He is also known for founding the 'round city' of Madinat al-Salam which was to become the core of imperial Baghdad. In common Arabic, it is common for families to give surnames according to a person's origin in relation to location. Therefore, if a newborn was conceived in Saudi Arabia, then their surname may be related with "Al Saudi".
|
|
Trinquier's view was that torture had to be extremely focused and limited, but many French officers considered its use corrosive to its own side. There were strong protests among French leaders: the Army's most decorated officer, General Jacques Pâris de Bollardière, confronted General Jacques Massu, the commander of French forces in the Battle of Algiers, over orders institutionalizing torture, as "an unleashing of deplorable instincts which no longer knew any limits." He issued an open letter condemning the danger to the army of the loss of its moral values "under the fallacious pretext of immediate expediency", and was imprisoned for sixty days. As some of the French Army protested, other parts increased the intensity of their approach, which led to an attempted military coup against the French Fourth Republic itself.
|
|
In 12th-century France, the courretiers de change were concerned with managing and regulating the debts of agricultural communities on behalf of the banks. Because these men also traded with debts, they could be called the first brokers. A common misbelief is that, in late 13th-century Bruges, commodity traders gathered inside the house of a man called Van der Beurze, and in 1409 they became the "Brugse Beurse", institutionalizing what had been, until then, an informal meeting, but actually, the family Van der Beurze had a building in Antwerp where those gatherings occurred; the Van der Beurze had Antwerp, as most of the merchants of that period, as their primary place for trading. The idea quickly spread around Flanders and neighboring countries and "Beurzen" soon opened in Ghent and Rotterdam.
|
|
At the end of the fellowship in 1935, with a return to Vienna made untenable by the political climate, Lazarsfeld decided to remain in America, and secured an appointment as the director of student relief work for the National Youth Administration, headquartered at the University of Newark (now the Newark campus of Rutgers University). A year later, he established an institute in Newark along the lines of his Vienna Research Center, institutionalizing the marginal field of opinion research that Lazarsfeld felt was his most important contribution. Lazarsfeld saw his institute as an important bridge between European and American models of research, and was willing to place the future of his institutes before his personal career. For example, in order to make the Newark Center seem to have a larger staff, Lazarsfeld published under a pseudonym.
|
|
Despite this, the work on this never took off during Deng's own tenure. While several party documents were published on the issue, such as the "Provisional Stipulations of Enhancing the Intra-Party Discipline Inspection by the Central Discipline Inspection Commission" in 1987, "Opinion on Establishing a System of Democratic Assessment of Party Members by the Organizational Department of the CCP" in 1988 and "Several Stipulations on the System of Democratic Life Meetings for the Leading Party Officials at or above the County Level by the CCP Central Committee" in 1990, actual publication of regulation were few and far between. Efforts on institutionalizing the system blew of steam early on, and did not regain steam until the 1990s. This is partly to blame on the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.
|
|
The preservation and promotion of the country's historic heritage, the provision of public education, construction of a national railway, abolition of capitulation agreements, and the establishment of a national bank had all been advocated by intellectuals since the tumult of the constitutional revolution. The later years of his reign were dedicated to institutionalizing the educational system of Iran and also to the industrialization of the country. He knew that the system of the constitutional monarchy in Iran after him had to stand on a solid basis of the collective participation of all Iranians, and that it was indispensable to create educational centers all over Iran. Reza Shah meeting officials in Saadabad Palace, 1940 Shah tried to create a confederation of Iran's neighbors, in particular Turkey and the Middle Eastern countries.
|
|
The PAFMM began soon after the CCP won the Chinese Civil War and forced the KMT to flee the mainland, the newly victorious communists needed to augment their maritime defenses against the nationalist forces which had repeated offshore and therefore the concept of people's war was applied to the sea with fishermen and other nautical laborers being drafted into a maritime militia. The nationalists had maintained a maritime militia during their time in power but the communists preferred to craft theirs anew given their suspicion of organizations created by the nationalists. The CCP also instituted a national level maritime militia command to unite the local militias, something the KMT had never done. In the early 1950s, the Bureau of Aquatic Products played a key role in institutionalizing and strengthening the maritime militia as it collectivized local fisheries.
|
|
Women and Child development Department has signed a MoU with Ministry of Women and Child Development, GoI to implement Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS) in the state of Odisha through Government and Civil Society Partnership. The aim of ICPS is focused on institutionalizing child protection mechanism and services, effective functioning of existing stake holders and regular capacity building and monitoring of child protection programme & activities. For creating a safety net for children and to ensure an efficient Juvenile Justice system in the state of Odisha, OSCPS through Integrated Child Protection Scheme lay special emphasis upon the children at most difficult situations such as Child in Need of Care and Protection, Juvenile in Conflict Law, Juvenile in Contact with Law and Other Vulnerable Children. Care and Protection of Vulnerable Children are being catered through various protection measures under this scheme.
|
|
The Balik Probinsya program was originally proposed by Senator Bong Go who touted the program as a platform to give a "fresh start" to people after the COVID-19 pandemic by implementing a series of programs to help develop the quality of life in the rural areas, in effect decongesting the densely populated areas of the country such as Metro Manila by encouraging people to move to the countryside once COVID-19-related quarantine measures imposed across the country are lifted. Go has proposed if Metro Manila had a lower population density, the government would be better equipped in dealing with future health emergencies. President Rodrigo Duterte issued Executive Order (EO) No. 114 on May 6 which took effect immediately institutionalizing the Balik Probinsya program. An inter-agency council was also established to formulate the framework of the program within 30 days.
|
|
Southern states criminalized minor offenses, arresting freedmen and forcing them to work when they could not pay fines; institutionalizing this approach as convict leasing (which created an incentive to criminalize more behavior). She contends they disenfranchised most blacks across the South at the turn of the 20th century, excluding them from the political system (including juries), at the same time that lynching of blacks by white mobs reached a peak. In addition, Jim Crow legislation was passed by Democrats, to legalize segregation and suppress minorities, forcing them into second-class status. Following the passage of civil rights legislation in the 1960s that restored civil rights, the film notes the Republican Party's appeal to southern white conservatives, including the claim to be the party to fight the war on crime and war on drugs, which began to include mandatory, lengthy sentencing.
|
|
Upon the issuance of Executive Order No. 134, Tagalog was declared as basis of the National Language. On 12 April 1940, Executive No. 263 was issued ordering the teaching of the national language in all public and private schools in the country. Article XIV, Section 6 of the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines specifies, in part: Under Section 7, however: In 2009, the Department of Education promulgated an order institutionalizing a system of mother-tongue based multilingual education ("MLE"), wherein instruction is conducted primarily in a student's mother tongue (one of the various regional Philippine languages) until at least grade three, with additional languages such as Filipino and English being introduced as separate subjects no earlier than grade two. In secondary school, Filipino and English become the primary languages of instruction, with the learner's first language taking on an auxiliary role.
|
|
The Women's Studies Center is an independent non-profit and non-governmental organization in Belgrade, Serbia. Its mission is to create and promote alternative education opportunities through a variety of teaching, research, and publishing programs. The aim of these programs is to explore social practices of discrimination and exclusion based on gender, nationality, sexuality, color, class, religion, etc., to theoretically consider potential models of resistance to oppression and exclusion, and to celebrate differences. After many negotiations, the University of Belgrade at the Faculty of Political Sciences officially recognized and accredited a set of the Center’s programs, which enabled the establishment of the Center for Gender and Politics, an institution founded to further promote gender studies. The Women’s Studies Center continues to have a long-term goal of further institutionalization by formally establishing and institutionalizing a Women’s Studies program at the University of Belgrade.
|
|
The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes very brutal and focused on containment and restraint. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, terms such as "madness", "lunacy" or "insanity"—all of which assumed a unitary psychosis—were split into numerous "mental diseases", of which catatonia, melancholia and dementia praecox (modern day schizophrenia) were the most common in psychiatric institutions. In 1961 sociologist Erving Goffman described a theory of the "total institution" and the process by which it takes efforts to maintain predictable and regular behavior on the part of both "guard" and "captor", suggesting that many of the features of such institutions serve the ritual function of ensuring that both classes of people know their function and social role, in other words of "institutionalizing" them. Asylums was a key text in the development of deinstitutionalization.
|
|
1967 Dame Ninette de Valois (far right) on one of her visits to Tehran at a cocktail party with Nejad Ahmadzadeh, Sandra Vane (centre) and Haideh Ahmadzadeh. 1962 As institutionalizing ballet and bringing about a professional national ballet ensemble comparable to the ballet companies in the West had become a serious concern for the government, the Iranian monarch Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi had personally asked Dame Ninette de Valois to council on the formation of a ballet company during one of his official visits to London and after a command performance in his honor at the Royal Opera House. In the summer of 1958, Dame Ninette de Valois was visiting Turkey where she had founded a ballet school. On the invitation of the Ministry of Culture and Arts, she prolonged her trip in order to visit the National Ballet Academy of Iran and budding company in Tehran.
|
|
Retrieved 30 October 2015."Brazil: Not the Web We Want" Spiked-online. Retrieved 30 October 2015. the fact that since 2013 law enforcement from Brazil has been acquiring surveillance devices from "Hacking Team" to be used against activists; the recent Brazilian laws institutionalizing mass surveillance"PROJETO DE LEI DO SENADO nº 494, de 2008" Senado Federal. Retrieved 30 October 2015. and data retention of all of its citizens;"Projeto de Lei n. 1879/2015" Câmara Federal. Retrieved 30 October 2015. the congressional attempts to increase custody of massive logs and data to all the population and the ongoing process of criminalizing as terrorism any kind of hacktivism,"PROJETO DE LEI DA CÂMARA nº 101, de 2015" Senado Federal. Retrieved 30 October 2015. Brazilian activists decided to organize their own forum in November 2015, parallel to the IGF that was going to be held in Joao Pessoa, Brazil.
|
|
This article was a discussion on black-white inequality in relation to human capital theory and colour-blind jurisprudence, believing that the two came together to further white economic supremacy with economists and jurists further institutionalizing black-white economic inequality. They argued that the aforementioned internalized a hegemonic understanding of race in their evaluations and processes and their reluctance to altering this, despite many scholars presenting gaps in their hypothesis and putting forward alternatives, had an effect in shaping what is viewed as normal in popularized opinions, political conversations and prevailing conditions and treatment. Furthermore, Williams and Spriggs asserted that this colour-blindness, by making laws and markets 'raceless' took away from the visibility that white privilege and its benefits had on its beneficiaries and this was inculcated into the shaping of legal doctrine and human capital accumulation and ultimately had an effect on labor market outcomes.
|
|
She was, along with Jessmin Howarth and Rose Mary Nott, responsible for transmitting Gurdjieff's choreographed movement exercises and institutionalizing Gurdjieff's teachings through the Gurdjieff Foundation of New York, the Gurdjieff Institute of Paris, London's Gurdjieff Society Inc., and other groups she established in 1953. She also established Triangle Editions in the US, which imprint claims copyright on all Gurdjieff's posthumous writings. John G. Bennett (1897–1974) was a British intelligence officer, polyglot (fluent in English, French, German, Turkish, Greek, Italian), technologist, industrial research director, author, and teacher, best known for his many books on psychology and spirituality, particularly the teachings of Gurdjieff. Bennett met both Ouspensky and then Gurdjieff at Istanbul in 1920, spent August 1923 at Gurdjieff's Institute, became Ouspensky's pupil between 1922 and 1941 and, after learning that Gurdjieff was still alive, was one of Gurdjieff's frequent visitors in Paris during 1949.
|
|
Unschooling may emphasize free, undirected play as a major component of children's education. A fundamental premise of unschooling is that learning is a natural process constantly taking place and that curiosity is innate and children want to learn. From this an argument can be made that institutionalizing children in a so-called "one size fits all" or "factory model" school is an inefficient use of the children's time, because it requires each child to learn specific subject matter in a particular manner, at a particular pace, and at a specific time regardless of that individual's present or future needs, interests, goals, or any pre-existing knowledge they might have about the topic. Many unschoolers believe that opportunities for valuable hands-on, community-based, spontaneous, and real- world experiences may be missed when educational opportunities are limited to, or dominated by, those inside a school building.
|
|
General Choi, of the Oh Do Kwan, wanted all the other member kwans of the KTA to adopt his own Chan Hon-style of Taekwondo, as a unified style. This was, however, met with resistance as the other kwans instead wanted a unified style to be created based on inputs from all the kwans, to serve as a way to bring on the heritage and characteristics of all of the styles, not just the style of a single kwan. As a response to this, along with disagreements about teaching Taekwondo in North Korea and unifying the whole Korean Peninsula, Choi broke with the KTA in 1966, in order to establish the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF)— a separate governing body devoted to institutionalizing his own style of Taekwondo in Canada. Initially, the South Korean president, having close ties to General Choi, gave General Choi's ITF limited support.
|
|
The four main focuses of this initiative are 'disrupting organized criminal groups; institutionalizing the rule of law; creating a 21st-century border, and building strong and resilient communities'. More recently, the initiative focused on improving security around Mexico’s southern border and countering the production and trafficking of heroin and fentanyl. Until March 2017, more than $1.6bn has been invested in the Merida initiative, of which almost $900,000 was spent on protective equipment necessary for the secured demolishing of narcotic labs. In Mexico, the DEA combats operations of DTOs by conducting bilateral investigations with foreign counterparts, providing investigative assistance and leads to DEA domestic offices and other agencies, providing training and technical equipment to 'host nation participants to initiate and carry out complex criminal investigations, providing assistance in developing drug control laws and regulations, and providing training and material support to foreign law enforcement counterparts'.
|
|
It was also in this context that Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Hölderlin were to compose poetry and prose in the field of literature, elevating Hellenic themes in their works. In the German states, the private obsession with ancient Greece took public forms, institutionalizing an elite philhellene ethos through the Gymnasium, to revitalize German education at home, and providing on two occasions high- minded philhellene German princes ignorant of modern-day Greek realities, to be Greek sovereigns.The history of pedagogically conservative philhellenism in German high academic culture has been examined in Suzanne L. Marchand, Down from Olympus: Archaeology and Philhellenism in Germany, 1750-1970 (Princeton University Press, 1996); she begins with Winckelmann, Wolf and von Humboldt. During the later 19th century the new studies of archaeology and anthropology began to offer a quite separate view of ancient Greece, which had previously been experienced at second-hand only through Greek literature, Greek sculpture and architecture.
|
|
Sanmi co-authored and contributed an article in the book titled ‘Armed Forces and Elections: A Case Study of the 2015 General Elections.’ Authored of the book ‘The Making of a Million Smiles: Reflections on Rwanda's Rise from the Ashes’ published in January 2018. In this book, Rear Admiral Sanmi Alade, who served as a United Nations Military Observer to the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) from 1994–1995, narrates his personal account of how the 1994 Rewandan genocide against the Tutsi tribe has left a testimony of history in African politics. He was in Rwanda before the Genocide to basically help monitor and ensure the implementation of the Arusha Agreement which was to culminate into the institutionalizing of a transitional government that was to include all parties in the agitation which was mainly the then government of Rwanda that was led by President Juvénal Habyarimana and the Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF) led by Presidennt Paul Kagame.
|
|
The militants stressed that the only way to reach all women was with "leftist party organizing and revolutionary mobilization". The divide, in many ways mirrored the Cold War geopolitical divides of whether economics, racism, or sexism was the more important factor in the subordination of women. This in turn led to discussion of whether existing systems needed reform, by institutionalizing feminist ideals, or whether women's issues needed to remain outside the political realm and maintain their autonomy and focus, instead of focusing on converting male leftists' policies to include women. The polarized positions were not resolved at the conference, leading to additional controversy in Peru; however, the conference attendees made a pledge to honor the Mirabal sisters and mark November 25 as a day to rally against violence toward women, which would later be adopted by the United Nations as the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women in 1995.
|
|
The idea of institutionalizing a Limnological Station began as a result of collaboration between Dr. Leopoldo B. Uichanco, professor and head of the Department of Entomology of the then UP College of Agriculture and Albert William Herre, then Chief of Fisheries Division, Bureau of Science, Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources on ‘Dolong’, a species of goby that can be found in Laguna de Bay (Ref: Letter of Albert W. Herre to Dr. L.B. Uichangco dated January 19, 1926, UPLB LRS archive # 1). On August 17, 1928, the UP College of Agriculture Limnological Research and Aquatic Resources Management Center was established with Proclamation No. 176 signed by Governor General Henry L. Stimson (Gov. Gen from Dec. 27, 1927 to February 23, 1929) as its backbone and maintained as a facility under the Department of Entomology. Under Dr. L.B. Uichangco’s diligent efforts, more researches on aquatic animals and more courses in Zoology were instituted.
|
|
Recognized as a successful reformer capable of taking on entrenched state-level systems overly reliant on institutionalizing children and adolescents, Miller moved to Illinois in 1973 to serve as the Director of Children and Family Services and then to Pennsylvania in 1975 to serve as the Commissioner of Children and Youth. From 1989 to 1994 Miller was the jail and prison monitor for Judge Howell W. Melton in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. From 1995 to 1997 Miller served as the court appointed receiver for Washington D.C.'s child welfare system. As a leader and reformer in these jurisdictions, he sought to address and overcome the traumatizing consequences of incarceration, to maximize the use of community resources as alternatives to imprisonment, to lower the disproportionate rates of locking up youth of color, to reduce recidivism by improving offender outcomes and to reduce unsustainable costs associated with escalating levels of incarceration.
|
|
When he returned to Sudan as a colonel in the Sudanese Army, al-Bashir led a group of army officers in ousting the unstable coalition government of Prime Minister Sadiq al-Mahdi in a bloodless military coup on 1989. Under al-Bashir's leadership, the new military government suspended political parties and introduced an Islamic legal code on the national level. He then became Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation (a newly established body with legislative and executive powers for what was described as a transitional period), and assumed the posts of chief of state, prime minister, chief of the armed forces, and Minister of Defence. Subsequent to al-Bashir's promotion to the Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation, he allied himself with Hassan al-Turabi, the leader of the National Islamic Front, who, along with al-Bashir, began institutionalizing Sharia law in the northern part of Sudan.
|
|
Edmund Jephcott, Palo Alto: Stanford UP, 2002 Habermas' form of critical theory is designed to rediscover through the analysis of positive potentials for human rationality in the medium of language, the possibility of a critical form of reason that can lead to reflection and examination of not only objective questions, but also those of social norms, human values, and even aesthetic expression of subjectivity. Habermas' earlier work, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, anticipates his concern for argumentation and can be read retrospectively as a historical case study of Western European societies institutionalizing aspects of communicative action in the political and social spheres. Habermas notes the rise of institutions of public debate in late seventeenth and eighteenth century Britain and France especially. In these nations, information exchange and communication methods pioneered by capitalist merchants became adapted to novel purposes and were employed as an outlet for the public use of reason.
|
|
Since the foundation of the UAE in 1971 and then, the political leadership of the country paid a great attention to youth and sports sector by improving and institutionalizing such sector in view of the utmost importance of youth and sports sector in countries’ development. In 1971, the UAE's Ministry of Youth and Sports was founded and headed by H.E Rashid Bin Hamid Al Shamsi until 1976 when the Ministry of Youth and Sports was merged under the Ministry of Education. By 1999, the General Authority for Youth and Sports Welfare was set up and Ali Abdul-Aziz Al Sharhan, the then Minister of Education, was appointed as the chairman of the Authority. In 2006, the chairmanship of the GAYSW was shifted to Abdurrahman Bin Mohamed Al Owais, the Minister of culture, youth and Community development, who served in this position until 2013 when Sheikh Nahyan Mubarak Al Nahyan has chaired the authority.
|
|
As well as surveying this issue, it recommended moving juvenile cases from the local justice of the peace to a county juvenile court, changing the juvenile court system to make it more accessible, adding a separate juvenile detention system instead of institutionalizing delinquents, and increasing the age of adulthood from 16 to 18.. In her 1923 book, The Immigrants' Day in Court, Claghorn argued that the legal aid available at the time was inadequate, focusing primarily on legal minutiae rather than on understanding the actual issues affecting their clients, and that it inappropriately excluded female attorneys from serving... She also reported on the injustice caused by inadequate translation for non- English-speaking legal clients,.. and on the sexual harassment of female workers by job placement workers and supervisors.. Writing about this book in 2003, British historians Kristofer Allerfeldt and Jeremy Black called it "the one significant contemporary study of the immigrant and the American legal system"..
|
|
After conquering Manila and making it the capital of the colonial government in 1571, Miguel Lopez de Legaspi noted that aside from the rulers of Cebu and of the capital, the other principales existing in the Archipelago were either heads or Datus of the barangays allied as nations; or tyrants, who were respected only by the law of the strongest. From this system of the law of the strongest sprung intestinal wars with which certain dominions annihilate one another. Attentive to these existing systems of government without stripping these ancient sovereigns of their legitimate rights, Legaspi demanded from these local rulers vassalage to the Spanish Crown. On June 11, 1594, shortly before confirming Legaspi's erection of Manila as a city on 24 June of the same year, King Philip II issued a Royal Decree institutionalizing the recognition of the rights and privileges of the local ruling class of the Philippines, which was later included in the codification of the Recopilación de las leyes de los reynos de Las Indias.
|
|
During his tenure as dean at NYU Law School, Revesz enhanced the school's historic commitment to public interest law, institutionalizing funding opportunities that enable greater numbers of students to pursue public interest work. He also completed a successful campaign to endow the prestigious Root-Tilden-Kern Scholarship Program, restoring the program to its full strength of 20 full-tuition scholarships a year, and more than tripled the size of the AnBryce Scholarship Program, enabling more students from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds to pursue a legal education and furthering the institution's mission to promote diversity in the legal profession. Revesz oversaw numerous innovations in the NYU Law curriculum, including the introduction of an administrative and regulatory state course in the first-year and the implementation of a first-year elective. The Jacobson leadership program in law and business was designed to train future entrepreneurs and leaders of business in cooperation with NYU's Stern School of Business and offers a wealth of transactional courses to teach students the art of deal making in a number of industries.
|
|
Finance Secretary Cesar V. Purisima with the PH-EITI team awarded at the Global EITI Conference in Lima, Peru on 24 February 2016. Purisima also advocated for greater transparency in the extractives industry, believing that increased accuracy between government and company-reported revenues would empower the public to better understand how extractives are contributing back to the local communities where they operate. On 24 February 2016, the global Extractives Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI) awarded the Philippines during its conference in Lima, Peru for having exemplified how EITI reports can maximize impact, translating data collected into real governance reforms on the ground. Towards the end of his tenure, Purisima sought to ensure a smooth transition process at the Department of Finance, welcoming his successor former Secretary of Agriculture and of Environment & Natural Resources Carlos G. Dominguez III. In institutionalizing an efficient turnover, Purisima simplified the agency's body of issuances by repealing 3,771 of its 4,323 outdated or incoherent department orders and collapsing 273 outdated committees from its 356 internal and interagency groups.
|
|
The advent of chlorpromazine and other antipsychotic drugs in the 1950s and 1960s played an important role in permitting deinstitutionalisation, but it was not until social movements campaigned for reform in the 1960s that the movement gained momentum. A key text in the development of deinstitutionalisation was Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates, a 1961 book by sociologist Erving Goffman. The book is one of the first sociological examinations of the social situation of mental patients, the hospital. Based on his participant observation field work, the book details Goffman's theory of the "total institution" (principally in the example he gives, as the title of the book indicates, mental institutions) and the process by which it takes efforts to maintain predictable and regular behavior on the part of both "guard" and "captor," suggesting that many of the features of such institutions serve the ritual function of ensuring that both classes of people know their function and social role, in other words of "institutionalizing" them.
|
|
His decision to leave Mystique behind leads her to betray him (although flashbacks indicate that they have been at odds since Magneto separated Mystique from her newborn son Nightcrawler), and their vendetta lasts throughout the second season. In the second season, Magneto personally recruits a new team, the Acolytes, de-ages himself using the same technology that created Captain America as his genetic enhancements are no longer working, and finally reveals the existence of mutants to the public after the X-Men and Brotherhood fight off a Sentinel which was meant to destroy every mutant known. In this time his daughter Wanda is introduced, who hates Magneto for abandoning her as a child and leaving her in a mental asylum (when asked about what specific event led to Magneto institutionalizing Wanda, X-Men: Evolution's head writer Greg Johnson stated that "There was no specific event. It was just years of him trying to handle a hostile, out of control child whose powers were promising to be very destructive if he didn't get her put away.").
|
|