Add a layer of sprinkles or dextrose star candies to sweeten the deal.
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In a milk ice, for instance, there would be sugar cane, dextrose, glucose, and invert sugar.
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A special recovery drink containing a rapidly-digested source of carbohydrate, such as dextrose or maltodextrin, is even better.
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Canadian researchers theorized that injecting dextrose, a simple sugar, during labor might improve muscle performance, leading to speedier delivery.
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Total duration of labor in the dextrose group was, on average, 76 minutes shorter than in the saline group.
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His team rescued four boxes of the syringes from destruction, including 75 atropine, 15 dextrose, 164 epinephrine and 22 sodium bicarbonate.
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It also often contains anticaking agents to prevent clumps from forming, or dextrose, a form of sugar, to stabilize the iodine.
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Common culprits include sucrose (table sugar), lactose (found in milk), glucose and dextrose (naturally occurring, but generally processed), and maltose (malt sugar).
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Israel's gastrointestinal system does not function; his only nutrition is dextrose, which he receives from one of the various tubes in his body.
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The records note that Dr. Brown used the same duration, method and solution of L-carnitine and dextrose outlined by the Nottingham researchers.
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Look at the ingredients on that "healthy" granola bar and you'll probably find corn syrup, brown sugar, honey, brown sugar syrup, dextrose or fructose.
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What does "Be Mine" even mean if it's not stamped in red vegetable dye on a lump of sugar, corn syrup, dextrose and glycerin?
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Sucrose, glucose, lactose, maltose, dextrose, or pretty much any -ose These are easy to identify once you know what to look for; that "-ose" suffix.
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That's what happened in June, when the FDA posted extended expiration dates from Pfizer for batches of its injectable atropine, dextrose, epinephrine and sodium bicarbonate.
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If symptoms persisted, they were to quickly bring the child to a hospital, where an intravenous infusion of dextrose and electrolytes was the primary treatment.
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There is a simple, safe and inexpensive method for speeding delivery in women who are in prolonged labor: Add dextrose to the intravenous saline solution.
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In layman terms, the algae is fed sugars—sugar cane and dextrose—until it grows to contain about 80 percent oil, which is then expeller-pressed.
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They randomly assigned 193 first-time mothers to either regular IV saline or a look-alike bag of saline supplemented by a solution of 5 percent dextrose.
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Added sugars are sweeteners added during food production or preparation that go by many names — researchers found at least 61 — including sucrose, glucose, dextrose and dehydrated cane juice.
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It's actually made up of several ingredients, including sugar, corn syrup, confectioner's glaze, salt, dextrose, gelatin, sesame oil, artificial flavor, honey, yellow 6, yellow 5, and red 3.
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The dextrose solution is not often used, but the lead author, Dr. Josianne Paré, an adjunct professor at the University of Sherbrooke in Quebec, feels it should be.
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The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists tracks more than 200 medications in short supply, among them everyday necessities like antibiotics, dextrose and several vaccines, including the rabies vaccine.
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BRUSSELS (Reuters) - The European Union's top court barred Germany's Dextro Energy on Thursday from making claims about the health benefits of glucose contained in its products, which include Dextrose tablets.
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Lilly said the latest court ruling was that its vitamin regimen patent would not be infringed by Actavis marketing pemetrexed trometamol with instructions to dilute the product only with dextrose solution.
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USDA projects that 0003 million bushels of U.S. corn will be used this year in the production of glucose syrup and dextrose, which includes but is not limited to corn syrup.
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USDA projects that 22015 million bushels of U.S. corn will be used this year in the production of glucose syrup and dextrose, which includes but is not limited to corn syrup.
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BRUSSELS, June 8 (Reuters) - The European Union's top court barred Germany's Dextro Energy on Thursday from making claims about the health benefits of glucose contained in its products, which include Dextrose tablets.
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According to Lay's, an "executive chef" prepares the dish to perfection, then gives it to food scientists to distill into a combination of spices and additives—which include dextrose, molasses, and various yeasts.
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The ingredients in candy corn from Brach's, the largest manufacturer of the stuff, are sugar, corn syrup, confectioner's glaze, salt, dextrose, gelatin, sesame oil, artificial flavor, honey, Yellow 6, Yellow 5, and Red 603.
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Cairo pulls the chilled meat out of the fridge and tosses in all of the other ingredients except the starter culture and mustard seeds, along with some sea salt, dextrose, and Insta Cure #1.
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Watch out for keywords that are used to disguise sugar — like dextrose, fructose, saccharose, agave nectar and evaporated cane juice — and take stock of how much sugar you've been eating without even realizing it.
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Ingredients: water, tomato paste, distilled vinegar, salt, taco seasoning (spices, dehydrated garlic, salt, monosodium glutamate, dextrose, dehydrated onion) potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate (preservatives), xanthan gum, spice, garlic powder, chili pepper, citric acid, caramel color.
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Evaporated cane juice, agave, fruit nectar, fruit juice concentrate, brown rice syrup, malt syrup, corn syrup, date syrup, barley malt and anything that ends in an "ose" -- think fructose, sucrose, maltose and dextrose -- are all added sugars.
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Keep an eye on breads, sauces and condiments by searching ingredient lists for names such as high fructose corn syrup, dextrose, glucose, sucrose or other words ending in "ose," evaporated cane juice, brown rice syrup, malt syrup and molasses.
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In June, the appeals court said Lilly's patent would be indirectly infringed by the sale of certain alternative salt forms of pemetrexed with instructions to dilute them with saline solution, but it left open the question of dextrose solution.
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In August, the Nestle-owned Stouffer's frozen entrees became the latest classic brand to announce a recipe change when its regular lasagna with meat and sauce product removed four ingredients — bleached wheat flour, dextrose, autolyzed yeast extract and carrageenan.
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As we stood in the garden, shielding the screen against the sunlight, Augie and I learned that worker bees secrete an enzyme called invertase, which converts nectar into dextrose, then flap their wings to thicken the nectar into honey.
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It is made of 21 ingredients, according to its website, including genetically modified soy protein concentrate, coconut oil, sunflower oil and other items most people have never heard of, such as cultured dextrose, soy protein isolate and zinc gluconate.
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Once the meat is below 155°F, place it and the fat back into a large bowl along with the sea salt, dextrose, curing salt 1, white pepper, black pepper, coriander, chili flakes, marjoram, mustard powder, cayenne, garlic, and the ice.
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In 1981 and again in 1982, the agency established a standard for foods labeled as yogurt, excluding items loaded with emulsifiers such as gelatin, dextrose, and locust bean gum; in 2009, a newer proposal allowed such ingredients, but the initiative never passed.
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Launch of premix drug vancomycin injection in sodium chloride * Baxter international says launch is extension of its existing vancomycin injection in 5% dextrose in 500 mg, 750 mg and 1 gram presentations Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Bengaluru Newsroom: +1-646-646-8780)
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The medicines include two doses of epinephrine, one to treat severe allergic reactions and one to treat cardiac arrest; atropine, which is used to treat a slow heart rate; dextrose, to raise dangerously low blood sugar in people with diabetes; and lidocaine, to treat irregular heart rhythms but rarely used these days.
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Ingredients Water, soy protein concentrate, coconut oil, sunflower oil, natural flavors, 2 percent or less of: potato protein, methylcellulose, yeast extract, cultured dextrose, food starch-modified, soy leghemoglobin, salt, soy protein isolate, mixed tocopherols (vitamin E), zinc gluconate, thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1), sodium ascorbate (vitamin C), niacin, pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), riboflavin (vitamin B2), vitamin B12.
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In numerology, the number eight is associated with the movement of moneyA few sprigs of fresh thyme (dried works too) for luckOrange peels for prosperityA handful of fresh basil (dried works too) for protectionCloves (whole or ground) for moneyOats for prosperity and abundanceSprinkles or dextrose star candies (fruits or stars) to sweeten the dealPaper 1 pen or marker with green ink1 green candle and 1 white candle Post-Holiday Wallet Money Spell Jar20173.
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Servings: 4Prep: 20 minutesTotal: 4 hours, plus overnight fermentation 1 gram FLC starter culture 1/5.33 ounce|15 ml distilled water 5 pounds|2268 grams cubed pork shoulder 1 pound|453 grams fat back cubed 15 grams mustard seed 1 1/4 teaspoons|123 ml white wine vinegar 1 1/4 teaspoons|18 ml water 1/3 cup|75 grams sea salt 3 1/1753 tablespoons|29 grams dextrose 1 teaspoon|5 grams curing salt 1 or insta cure 1 2 tablespoons ground white pepper 1 1/2 tablespoons|23 grams ground black pepper 2 1/2 tablespoons|11 grams ground coriander 2 tablespoons|8 grams ground chili flakes 1/3 cup|8 grams chopped fresh marjoram 1553 tablespoon|6 grams mustard powder 2 teaspoons|3 grams cayenne 211 garlic cloves, peeled and chopped 212 ounces|25.3 grams ice 212 ft of 2175mm plus hog casing 22.
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Aspergillus sp. growing in potato dextrose agar Potato dextrose agar (BAM Media M127BAM Media M127: Potato Dextrose Agar from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) and potato dextrose broth are common microbiological growth media made from potato infusion, and dextrose. Potato dextrose agar (abbreviated "PDA") is the most widely used medium for growing fungi and bacteria.
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That is, sucrose is converted into levulose and dextrose sugars.
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Like other carbohydrates, dextrose and maltodextrin have 3.75 kcal per gram.
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In laboratories, N. sphaerica is grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at room temperature.
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It is MUCH safer to use a Dextrose 10% solution when treating hypoglycemia via IV in children under the age of 14. When using Dextrose 25% in a child it is safer to administer it through a central line or an intra-osseous line.
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Evidence of benefit remains tentative (level B) for dextrose prolotherapy in low back or sacroiliac pain.
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193 Cultured dextrose consists of an mixture of fermentation metabolites, including butyric, propionic and lactic acids and small peptides. As sold, it is an off-white powder.Mark Mayweather, "What is Cultured Dextrose", Livestrong.com, 2011 Byungjin Min, Antimicrobial Powders and Bio- based Films (UMI Microform, 2008) p.
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They come in a number of strengths including 5%, 10%, and 50% dextrose. While they may start out hypertonic they become hypotonic solutions as the sugar is metabolised. Versions are also available mixed with saline. Dextrose solutions for medical use became available in the 1920s and 1930s.
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The cells can survive freezing under certain conditions, with viability decreasing over time. In general, yeasts are grown in the laboratory on solid growth media or in liquid broths. Common media used for the cultivation of yeasts include potato dextrose agar or potato dextrose broth, Wallerstein Laboratories nutrient agar, yeast peptone dextrose agar, and yeast mould agar or broth. Home brewers who cultivate yeast frequently use dried malt extract and agar as a solid growth medium.
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Runts have a hard candy shell with a compressed dextrose center (similar to the consistency of SweeTarts).
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If a person cannot receive oral glucose gel or tablets, such as the case with unconsciousness, seizures, or altered mental status, then emergency personnel (EMTs/Paramedics and in-hospital personnel) can establish a peripheral or central IV line and administer a solution containing dextrose and saline. These are normally referred to as Dextrose (Concentration) Water, and come in 5%, 10%, 25% and 50%. Dextrose 5% and 10% come in IV bag and syringe form, and are mainly used in infants and to provide a fluid medium for medications. Dextrose 25% and 50% are heavily necrotic due to their hyperosmolarity, and should only be given through a patent IV line – any infiltration can cause massive tissue necrosis.
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Sphacelia segetum on potato dextrose agar Potato dextrose agar, wheat seeds or oat flour are suitable substrates for growth of the fungus in the laboratory. Agricultural production of Claviceps purpurea on rye is used to produce ergot alkaloids. Biological production of ergot alkaloids is also carried out by saprophytic cultivations.
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Dextrose and dobutamine are both used to increase blood flow to the kidney and act within 30 to 60 minutes.
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Concentrated dextrose solutions should not be administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly as they can cause cell death via dehydration and subsequent necrosis.
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Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the ketoacidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis is resolved with insulin infusion, intravenous fluids, electrolyte replacement and supportive care. Alcoholic ketoacidosis is treated with intravenous dextrose and supportive care and usually does not require insulin. Starvation ketoacidosis can be resolved with intravenous dextrose with attention to electrolyte changes that can occur with refeeding syndrome.
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In the juice of grapes there is from 10 to 15 per cent or more of sugar, as sucrose, levulose, and dextrose.
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Corn syrup, sometimes known as glucose syrup, is a syrup containing dextrin, maltose, and dextrose. Partial hydrolysis of cornstarch obtains it. Corn syrup is important in the production of marshmallow because it prevents the crystallization of other sugars (like sucrose). It may also contribute body, reduce sweetness, and alter flavor release, depending on the Dextrose Equivalent (DE) of the glucose syrup used.
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Two growth media that help distinguish M. canis from other Microsporum spp. (notably the morphologically similar species, M. audouinii) - specifically polished rice and potato dextrose agar. On potato dextrose agar, M. canis produces a lemon- yellow pigment that is easily visualized, due to the presence of aerial hyphae, while on the polished rice, most isolates (even atypical strains) produce yellow pigment.
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YPD medium bottle and YPD agar plate YEPD or yeast extract peptone dextrose, also often abbreviated as YPD, is a complete medium for yeast growth. It contains yeast extract, peptone, double-distilled water, and glucose or dextrose. It can be used as solid medium by including agar. The yeast extract will typically contain all the amino acids necessary for growth.
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Typical grey colony of Pseudogymnoascus destructans on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Pseudogymnoascus destructans in culture demonstrating characteristic curved conidia in blue/purple. (false color SEM image) P. destructans is a psycrophilic fungus, able to grow below and with an upper limit near . This fungus produces brown and grey colonies, secretes a brownish pigment and reproduces asexually via characteristically curved conidia when cultured on Sabaouraud dextrose agar.
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Microsporum audouinii fluoresces when examined in ultraviolet light (Wood's lamp). The two main growth media employed to test for M. audouinii are Sabouraud's Dextrose agar and potato dextrose agar. On the former, growth is slow with and poor sporulation with most strains producing a few abortive macroconidia and sparse microconidia. The colonies are flat, dense and cottony in texture with a greyish-white to reddish brown hue.
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Intravenous sugar solution, also known as dextrose solution, is a mixture of dextrose (glucose) and water. It is used to treat low blood sugar or water loss without electrolyte loss. Water loss without electrolyte loss may occur in fever, hyperthyroidism, high blood calcium, or diabetes insipidus. It is also used in the treatment of high blood potassium, diabetic ketoacidosis, and as part of parenteral nutrition.
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If the blood glucose concentration of the patient is alternating consciousness or at least contributing to the alteration, said patient likely needs hypertonic dextrose. Another indicator is seizures. Hypertonic dextrose is effective in treating hypoglycemia, and one in twelve patients administered for altered mental status suffer from it. This statistic may be sufficient evidence for doctors to support the routine of administering the drug.
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Octreotide is useful in overdose management of sulfonylurea type hypoglycemic medications, when recurrent or refractory to parenteral dextrose. Mechanism of action is the suppression of insulin secretion.
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In vitro growth was found to be stimulated by exudates and extracts of Cassia tora. The fungus also grows well and sporulates freely on potato dextrose agar.
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Blood sugars are the primary glutamate removal method from inter-synaptic spaces at the NMDA and AMPA receptor site. Persons in excitotoxic shock must never fall into hypoglycemia. Patients should be given 5% glucose (dextrose) IV drip during excitotoxic shock to avoid a dangerous build up of glutamate around NMDA and AMPA neurons . When 5% glucose (dextrose) IV drip is not available high levels of fructose are given orally.
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The enemata were given six-hourly, and consisted of two eggs or 200 c.cm. of milk and eggs, dextrose, normal saline, and in one case cod-liver oil.
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Overfeeding does not speed recovery, and if the person has diabetes, it will simply produce hyperglycemia afterwards. A mnemonic used by the American Diabetes Association and others is the "rule of 15" – consuming 15 grams of carbohydrate followed by a 15-minute wait, repeated if glucose remains low (variable by individual, sometimes 70 mg/dl). If a person has such severe effects of hypoglycemia that they cannot (due to combativeness) or should not (due to seizures or unconsciousness) be given anything by mouth, medical personnel such as paramedics, or in-hospital personnel can give intravenous dextrose, concentrations varying depending on age (infants are given 2 ml/kg dextrose 10%, children are given dextrose 25%, and adults are given dextrose 50%). Care must be taken in giving these solutions because they can cause skin necrosis if the IV is infiltrated, sclerosis of veins, and many other fluid and electrolyte disturbances if administered incorrectly.
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Most pancetta products are made using pork belly brined in a mixture of salt, dextrose, spices and spice extracts, sodium erythorbate, garlic, sugar, sodium nitrate, and/or sodium nitrite.
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Intravenous fluids containing dextrose such as dextrose 5% in water (D5W) are recommended to keep a urinary output between 1 and 1.5 millilitres per kilogram per hour. Sodium bicarbonate is given in a significant aspirin overdose (salicylate level greater than 35 mg/dl 6 hours after ingestion) regardless of the serum pH, as it enhances elimination of aspirin in the urine. It is given until a urine pH between 7.5 and 8.0 is achieved.
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Lycasin is a trade name given by Roquette for hydrogenated glucose syrup (Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates). One of the major components of Lycasin is maltitol, derived from the hydrogenation of maltose. Depending on the dextrose equivalent (DE) of the syrup used in the hydrolysis, a variety of products can be made, with the name "lycasin" normally being reserved for lycasin 80/55 (80 referring to the dry content and 55 to the dextrose equivalent). The other grades (e.g.
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The blue bottle experiment illustrates this principle of interacting reactions with different rates. The blue bottle experiment requires only three reagents: potassium hydroxide solution, dextrose solution, and dilute methylene blue solution. These reagents are added to a flask, mixed, and the flask is stoppered. The initial color of the solution is blue, but upon standing for a short interval it spontaneously fades to colorless, as the alkaline dextrose solution reduces the methylene blue to colorless leuco-methylene blue.
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Hyphae are thin-walled and wide, measuring 1.7-2.5 µm in width. Ascoma maturation can be observed in 20-23 days. Acomata are encased in round, dark-brown aerial mycelium measuring 500-1050 µm in diameter. Additionally, the fungus can be isolated using hair-baiting technique and followed by incubation on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (SDA). Isolation using Sabouraud’s dextrose agar supplemented with (50mg/L) chloramphenicol and cycloheximide (500 mg/L), requires 5-10 day, room temperature incubation.
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Smarties Rolls The ingredients in Smarties candies are dextrose, citric acid, calcium stearate, natural and artificial flavors, and colors. There are 25 calories and 6.9 grams of sugar in a roll of Smarties.
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The upper surface is grey to green black in colour while the reverse surface tends to be black. Growth occurs on various media including malt extract agar (MA), oatmeal agar (OA), Sabourand's dextrose agar (SA), corn meal agar (CMA), Czapeck's solution agar, potato dextrose agar (PDA) and nutrient agar (NA). Optimal growth occurs on PDA and MA with the most aerial hyphae forming dome shaped colonies. Media interpreted to be associated with less optimal growth result in the formation of flat colonies.
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Although pseudoephedrine occurs naturally as an alkaloid in certain plant species (for example, as a constituent of extracts from the Ephedra species, also known as ma huang, in which it occurs together with other isomers of ephedrine), the majority of pseudoephedrine produced for commercial use is derived from yeast fermentation of dextrose in the presence of benzaldehyde. In this process, specialized strains of yeast (typically a variety of Candida utilis or Saccharomyces cerevisiae) are added to large vats containing water, dextrose and the enzyme pyruvate decarboxylase (such as found in beets and other plants). After the yeast has begun fermenting the dextrose, the benzaldehyde is added to the vats, and in this environment the yeast converts the ingredients to the precursor l-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC). L-PAC is then chemically converted to pseudoephedrine via reductive amination.
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Maintenance fluids are used in those who are currently normally hydrated but unable to drink enough to maintain this hydration. In children isotonic fluids are generally recommended for maintaining hydration. Potassium chloride and dextrose should be included.
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Treatment is mainly symptomatic. Local pain is treated by injecting dehydroemetine at the site of the sting. Hypovolaemia is corrected by oral rehydration solution. Agitated, confused and non-cooperative patients are given a 5% dextrose saline drip.
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Treatment depends on the degree of decrease in consciousness and its underlying cause. Initial treatment often involves the administration of dextrose if the blood sugar is low as well as the administration of oxygen, naloxone and thiamine.
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The main advantages of ultrasound-guided injection are its safety, portability and lack of ionising radiation. Injectates can include corticosteroid, local anaesthetic, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), viscosupplement and dextrose prolotherapy. The total volume injected is usually 6–7ml.
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On Sabouraud dextrose agar, C. blankii isolates present as typical yeast, i.e., cream-colored colonies, which then tend toward pink and later dark blue. Blood sample DNA sequencing of the 26S ribosomal subunit can definitively identify C. blankii.
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Dextrose contributes to the controversy of coma cocktails by inducing Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome in patients that are deficient in thiamine. Patients that are specifically at risk of being impacted this way are those with alcoholic tendencies or malnourishment.
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33 Cultured dextrose is marketed under several trade names including bioVONTAGE from Third Wave Bioactives and MicroGARD by Danisco, a unit of DuPont. These ingredients are used in a range of foods including dairy products, salad dressings, and baked goods.
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The spores of Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana are known to effective. Beauveria bassiana should mix with potato dextrose broth and amino acid solutions prior to in usage. In Bangladesh, inoculation with nuclear polyhedrosis virus controlled 80 percent of the attack.
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Added orange essences, orange oils and orange pulp adjusted in accordance with good manufacturing practice is permitted. Orange juice is also permitted to contain sugar, invert sugar, dextrose in dry form, glucose solids, a Class II preservative, amylase, cellulase and pectinase.
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A. bussei uses organic compounds as an energy source and synthesize substances. Growth occurs at 1–45 °C and pH 7.0–8.0. Tolerates a maximum of 7.5 % NaCl. Growth on Columbia blood agar but not on violet red bile dextrose agar.
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Treatment includes administration of intravenous saline to rehydrate and 5% dextrose to turn off gluconeogenesis. Electrolyte imbalances, specifically hypokalaemia, should be corrected. Thiamine supplementation is often included to prevent Wernicke encephalopathy. Insulin is generally not used due to risk of hypoglycemia.
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VRDBA, VRDB Agar, or Violet Red Bile Dextrose Agar, is a microbiological growth medium. It can be used in agar plates to monitor or assess bacterial growth in the laboratory, particularly the growth of Enterobacteriaceae, for which it is selective.
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The evofosfamide drug product formulation used until 2011 was a lyophilized powder. The current drug product formulation is a sterile liquid containing ethanol, dimethylacetamide and polysorbate 80. For intravenous infusion, the evofosfamide drug product is diluted in 5% dextrose in WFI.FDA Advisory Committee Briefing Materials Available for Public Release, TH-302: Pediatric oncology subcommittee of the oncologic drugs advisory committee (ODAC) meeting, December 4, 2012 Diluted evofosfamide formulation (100 mg/ml evofosfamide, 70% ethanol, 25% dimethylacetamide and 5% polysorbate 80; diluted to 4% v/v in 5% dextrose or 0.9% NaCl) can cause leaching of DEHP from infusion bags containing PVC plastic.
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May increase myocardial ischemia. Blood pressure, pulse, and ECG should be constantly monitored. Amrinone should only be diluted with normal saline or 1/2 normal saline; no dextrose solutions should be used. Furosemide should not be administered into an IV line delivering amrinone.
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Potassium iodate (KIO3) is used to add iodine to some salts so that the iodine is not lost by oxidation. Dextrose or sodium thiosulfate are often added to iodized table salt to stabilize potassium iodide thus reducing loss of the volatile chemical.
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However, bodybuilders frequently do ingest some quickly digesting sugars (often in form of pure dextrose or maltodextrin) just before, during, and/or just after a workout. This may help to replenish glycogen stored within the muscle, and to stimulate muscle protein synthesis.
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PureVia is a blend of several different ingredients. It contains dextrose, natural flavors as well as the stevia extract rebaudioside A. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) determined in December 2008 that rebaudioside A is safe for inclusion as a food additive.
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Often, large amounts of intravenous fluids with the sugar dextrose are also required. Without treatment, an adrenal crisis can result in death. Addison's disease affects about 0.9 to 1.4 per 10,000 people in the developed world. It occurs most frequently in middle-aged females.
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UAMH 11177 Metarhizium granulomatis in phase contrast microscopy showing yeast-like cells grown in slide culture on PDA at room temperature UAMH 11177 Metarhizium granulomatis in colony grown on PDA at 30 C for 14 days Colonies of M. granulomatis differ in morphology depending on the growth medium used. Colonies on Potato dextrose agar (PDA) after 3 days incubation at are white in colour and reach 3 mm in diameter. Cultures developed on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) are similar in appearance although they grow more slowly on this medium. After 10 days, colonies on PDA reached a diameter of 27 mm and produced a diffusible brownish-grey pigment.
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Colonies grow rapidly on potato dextrose agar. The aerial mycelium is whitish to yellow, tan or pale orange, but becomes brown to dark brown to red-brown with age. Under alternating conditions of light and temperature, rings of spore masses may be formed by some isolates.
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Xylitol and KNO3 based rocket propellants are capable of a specific impulse of ~100 seconds. These have an unconfined burn rate of about 1.3 mm/s. Overall, sugar rockets can compete fairly well. Dextrose and KNO3 based fuels are capable of an Isp of 137 seconds.
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It tests positive for the oxidase test and negative for indole production. No acid is produced in the presence of dextrose, lactose, maltose, or sucrose. Some strains are capable of reducing nitrate and producing catalase. All strains that have been isolated thus far have shown susceptibility to antibiotics.
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Evans formula: normal saline at 1 ml/kg/% TBSA burn " colloid at 1 ml/kg/% TBSA burn. For second 24 hours, give half of the first 24-hour requirements " D5W (dextrose 5% in water) 2000 ml.Artz CP, Moncrief JA. The burn problem. In: Artz CP, Moncrief JA, editors.
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During the growth period, the fruiting body is coenocytic. After the fungus gradually matures, septation occurs at approximately the same time as sporulation. Mycotypha microspora colonies grow rapidly and abundantly on nutrient-rich media, such as carrot agar and potato dextrose. However, no growth occurs on low pH media.
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They also grow well on Sabouraud dextrose agar at 25 °C. Growth is slightly inhibited when grown in media containing cycloheximide. E. parva grows at a moderate pace, slower than E. crescens. After 21 days of growth at room temperature colony diameters range from 36 to 85 mm.
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Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste. But all the compounds which fit into this general formula may not be classified as carbohydrates. For example, Acetic Acid which fits in the formula is not a carbohydrate.NCERT TEXT BOOK CLaSS-12 Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose), and galactose.
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Farrell's medium is a selective bacteriological medium for Brucella species which is prepared by the addition of six antibiotics to a basal bacteriological medium such as serum dextrose agar. In order to prepare 1 liter of the Farrell's medium, the following quantities are added to 1 liter of serum dextrose agar: polymyxin B sulfate (5000 units =5 mg), bacitracin (25,000 units = 25 mg), natamycin (50 mg), nalidixic acid (5 mg), nystatin (100,000 units), and vancomycin (20 mg). Vancomycin inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria on this medium, while nystatin inhibits the growth of fungi. Other antibiotics inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria other than Brucella species, thus favoring the exclusive growth of the latter in this medium.
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In 1887, Friedrich Loeffler devised a culture medium containing horse serum, meat infusion, and dextrose for use in the cultivation of corynebacteria and for differentiating them from other organisms. Perry and Petran suggested modification of the original formulation. Buck, in 1949, described a modified Loeffler's medium for cultivating Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
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Chaetomium cupreum is mesophilic and known to occur in harsh environments and can rapidly colonize organic substrates in soil. Laboratory cultures of C. cupreum can be propagated on a range of common growth media including potato dextrose at ambient or higher than ambient temperature producing cottony white colonies with a reddish reverse.
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Under a compound microscope conidia appear ovoid in shape. On certain hosts the teleomorph of this pathogen (G. cingulata) readily produces perithecia full of asci. When cultured on potato dextrose media, this species can appear gray, orange, or pink in color, and will often exhibit concentric rings of growth radiating from the center.
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The small multicolor lollipops are popular as free giveaways. In 2018, Spangler bought the defunct Necco, retaining the rights to Necco Wafers, Sweethearts conversation hearts, and Canada Mints. Spangler also sells a variety of mint candy, hard candy, dextrose candy, and caramel candy. Spangler is the second largest employer in Bryan, Ohio.
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The ingredients are carbonated water, dextrose, citric acid, taurine, caffeine, natural flavors, sodium citrate, D-ribose, salt, sodium benzoate, inositol, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), sucralose, L-carnitine, potassium sorbate, guarana seed extract, pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), and Red 40. According to Kirby, the drink contains 280 milligrams of caffeine.
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Canadian regulations on commercially produced and sold grapefruit juice are that it must be made from clean, mature grapefruit and may contain sugar, invert sugar, dextrose, glucose solids, class II preservative such as benzoic acid, amylase, cellulase and pectinase. According to Canadian standards, Grapefruit juice should contain more than 1.15 milliequivalents of free amino acid per 100 milliliters; more than 70 milligrams of potassium per 100 milliliters; and have an absorbance value for total polyphenolics of no less than 0.310. During the production process, the sugar content in the juice, before the addition of sugar, invert sugar, dextrose or glucose solids, should have a Brix reading of no less than 9.3. It must contain 0.7% to 2.1% of acid by weight as anhydrous citric acid.
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As of August 1, 2016, the ingredients within the United States are as follows: White boneless chicken, water, salt, seasoning (yeast extract, salt, wheat starch, natural flavoring, safflower oil, lemon juice solids, dextrose, citric acid), sodium phosphates. Battered and breaded with water, enriched flour (bleached wheat flour, niacin, reduced iron, thiamine mononitrate, riboflavin, folic acid), yellow corn flour, bleached wheat flour, salt, leavening (baking soda, sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium aluminum phosphate, monocalcium phosphate, calcium lactate), spices, wheat starch, dextrose, corn starch. Prepared in vegetable oil (canola oil, corn oil, soybean oil, hydrogenated soybean oil) with citric acid as a preservative. McDonald's ingredients can vary outside of the US. In August 2016 McDonald's announced that Chicken McNuggets no longer contained artificial preservatives.
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F. solani colonies are low-floccose, loose, slimy, and sporadic. When grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA), this fungus grows rapidly, but not as rapidly as Fusarium oxysporum. In PDA, F. solani colonies reach a diameter of 64–70 mm in 7 days. F. solani has aerial hyphae that give rise to conidiophores laterally.
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McDonald's small fries McDonald's advertises their french fries as their World Famous Fries. McDonald's fries are made using 19 ingredients which include dextrose, TBHQ, polydimethylsiloxane, citric acid, and sodium acid pyrophosphate. As for their potatoes, non-GMO Russet and Shepody kinds are used. Fries were first added to the menu in 1949 replacing potato chips.
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Commercial manufacture of edible polydextrose originated with a process developed by Hans H. Rennhard of Pfizer, Inc. Rennhard began investigating the potential of polysaccharides as low-calorie replacements for sugar, fat, flour, and starch. In 1965, he created polydextrose, a polymer of dextrose, produced from the naturally occurring components: glucose, sorbitol, and citric acid.
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Can You Imagine That Confections is a candy manufacturer based in Covina, California. It is involved in the production of a number of products including Sandy Candy, an internationally distributed dextrose based powder. It is owned by serial candy designer David Klein. His daughter, Roxanne Klein, is in charge of new product creation and development.
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Kearny, Cresson H., Jungle Snafus...And Remedies, Oregon Publishing (1996), pp. 294: The strange tasting maltose and dextrose tablets, the highly acidic lemon powder, and the fatty pork loaf were frequently discarded, further reducing the K ration's caloric content. On the advice of British General Orde Wingate, the force was divided into two self-contained combat teams per battalion.
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It is composed of 2.05% dextrose, 0.8% sodium citrate, 0.055% citric acid, and 0.42% sodium chloride. For usage, an equal volume of blood is gently, but thoroughly, mixed with the solution. This solution is used to study in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of crude drugs by the human red blood cell stabilization method.Gandhisan R, Thamaraichelvan A, Baburaj.
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Giving dextrose may be useful even if the blood sugar is normal. Dialysis is recommended in those with kidney failure, decreased level of consciousness, blood pH less than 7.2, or high blood salicylate levels. If a person requires intubation, a fast respiratory rate may be required. The toxic effects of salicylates have been described since at least 1877.
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High levels can be detected on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Pseudohyperkalemia, due to breakdown of cells during or after taking the blood sample, should be ruled out. Initial treatment in those with ECG changes is salts, such as calcium gluconate or calcium chloride. Other medications used to rapidly reduce blood potassium levels include insulin with dextrose, salbutamol, and sodium bicarbonate.
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Acute hypoglycemia is reversed by raising the blood glucose. Glucagon should be injected intramuscularly or intravenously, or dextrose can be infused intravenously to raise the blood glucose. Oral administration of glucose can worsen the outcome, as more insulin is eventually produced. Most people recover fully even from severe hypoglycemia after the blood glucose is restored to normal.
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Maltodextrin consists of D-glucose units connected in chains of variable length. The glucose units are primarily linked with α(1→4) glycosidic bonds. Maltodextrin is typically composed of a mixture of chains that vary from three to 17 glucose units long. Maltodextrins are classified by DE (dextrose equivalent) and have a DE between 3 and 20.
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Standard therapy involves intravenous injections of glucocorticoids and large volumes of intravenous saline solution with dextrose (glucose). This treatment usually brings rapid improvement. If intravenous access is not immediately available, intramuscular injection of glucocorticoids can be used. When the person can take fluids and medications by mouth, the amount of glucocorticoids is decreased until a maintenance dose is reached.
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The main ingredient is sugar, and Fruit Roll-Ups contain five different types of sugar: sugar from pear juice concentrate, corn syrup, dried corn syrup, sugar, and a small amount of dextrose. They also contain small amounts of partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, citric acid, sodium citrate, acetylated monoglycerides, fruit pectin, malic acid, ascorbic acid, natural flavors, and artificial colors.
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Cunninghamella elegans is a species of fungus in the genus Cunninghamella found in soil. It can be grown in Sabouraud dextrose broth, a liquid medium used for cultivation of yeasts and molds from liquid which are normally sterile. As opposed to C. bertholletiae, it is not a human pathogen, with the exception of two documented patients.
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Britannia metal is an alloy of tin, antimony and copper developed as a base metal for plating with silver. Another method that can be used to apply a thin layer of silver to objects such as glass, is to place Tollens' reagent in a glass, add glucose/dextrose, and shake the bottle to promote the reaction. :AgNO3 \+ KOH → AgOH + KNO3 :AgOH + 2 NH3 → [Ag(NH3)2]+ \+ [OH]− (Note: see Tollens' reagent) :[Ag(NH3)2]+ \+ [OH]− \+ aldehyde (usually glucose/dextrose) → Ag + 2 NH3 \+ H2O For applications in electronics, silver is sometimes used for plating copper, as its electrical resistance is lower (see Resistivity of various materials); more so at higher frequencies due to the skin effect. Variable capacitors are considered of the highest quality when they have silver-plated plates.
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The main ingredients in Dubble Bubble gum are Sugar, Dextrose, Corn Syrup, Gum Base, Tapioca Dextrin, Titanium Dioxide, Confectioner's Glaze, Carnauba Wax, Corn Starch, Artificial Flavors, Artificial Colors, (FD&C; Red 40, Blue 1, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Red 3), and BHT (to maintain freshness). The ingredients of "1928 Original" Dubble Bubble gum are Sugar, Dextrose, Corn Syrup, Gum Base, High Fructose Corn Syrup, Artificial Flavor, Colour, Corn Starch and BHT. Dubble Bubble gum products are nut-free, gluten-free, peanut- free and kosher. Dubble Bubble twist gummies is a 6 g, bite-size piece of chewing gum containing 20 calories with 0 g of fat, 0 mg of cholesterol, 5 mg of sodium, 5 g of carbohydrates, 0 g of dietary fiber, 4 g of sugar and 0 g of protein.
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Reimplantation was followed by immediate contralateral nephrectomies. The flush solution was designed to imitate intracellular fluid composition and contained mannitol as an impermeable ion to further prevent cell swelling. The osmolality of the solution was 430 mosmol/kg and its pH was 7.0 at 2 °C. The additives that had been used by Collins (dextrose, phenoxybenzamine, procaine and heparin) were omitted by Sacks.
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Hypoglycemia may be present. This is termed a salt-wasting crisis and rapidly causes death if not treated. As ill as these infants can be, they respond rapidly to treatment with hydrocortisone and intravenous saline and dextrose quickly restores blood volume, blood pressure, and body sodium content, and reverses the hyperkalemia. With appropriate treatment, most infants are out of danger within 24 hours.
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A regular diet including apiaceous vegetables, such as carrots, parsnips, celery, and parsley may reduce the carcinogenic effects of aflatoxin. There is no specific antidote for aflatoxicosis. Symptomatic and supportive care tailored to the severity of the liver disease may include intravenous fluids with dextrose, active vitamin K, B vitamins, and a restricted, but high-quality protein diet with adequate carbohydrate content.
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As with other ice creams, the sugar in gelato prevents it from freezing solid by binding to the water and interfering with the normal formation of ice crystals. This creates smaller ice crystals and results in the smooth texture of gelato. American commercial gelati are typically sweetened with sucrose, dextrose, or inverted sugar, and include a stabilizer such as guar gum.
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Most hypoglycemia due to excessive insulin occurs in people who take insulin for type 1 diabetes. Management of this hypoglycemia is sugar or starch by mouth (or in severe cases, an injection of glucagon or intravenous dextrose). When the glucose has been restored, recovery is usually complete. Prevention of further episodes consists of maintaining balance between insulin, food, and exercise.
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Chang, N. 1982. The Alternaria leaf-spot of Dianthus caryophyllus L. Journal of Plant Protection. The spores of A. dianthi germinate optimally around 24 °C (75 °F), and cannot germinate below 4 °C (40 °F) or above 32 °C (90 °F). The fungus has been cultured on simple media such as potato dextrose agar, and does not need Dianthus tissue to germinate.
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Tinea imbricata can co-exist with other maladies and this may result in varied clinical presentations. Scrapings from lesions can be stained with 10% potassium hydroxide for visualization under microscope. The medium Sabouraud's dextrose agar is commonly used for colony growth and is treated with antibiotics to prevent bacterial contamination. Colonies growth is usually observed in 1–2 weeks at 25 °C.
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Candida parapsilosis does not form true hyphae; it exists in either a yeast phase or pseudohyphal form. It is white, creamy, and shiny in dextrose agar and its cell shape is oval, round, or cylindrical. When C. parapsilosis is in yeast form, its phenotype is smooth or cratered. In contrast, the phenotype of the pseudohyphae form is wrinkled or concentric.
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The company adjusted the recipes for its flagship jerky products in 2012, removing corn syrup, preservatives, dextrose, and other artificial ingredients. In 2013, Oberto Brands opened a production and distribution center in Nashville, Tennessee. The factory added over 300 employees to the company's workforce. Ennis left the company in 2014 and Thomas Hernquist was named the CEO and president in January, 2015.
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Spore balls are hyaline to pale yellowish, without granules, 7–20 µm in diameter, and mostly persistent. The ascospores are ellipsoid to somewhat sausage shaped, and measure 2.1–3.9 by 1.1–1.7 µm. Cultures grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar show rapid growth after 2–6 days; they are white with abundant production of spore cysts when both mating strains are present.
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Pentamidine isethionate for injection is commercially available as a lyophilized, white crystalline powder for reconstitution with sterile water or 5% Dextrose. After reconstitution, the mixture should be free from discoloration and precipitation. Reconstitution with sodium chloride should be avoided due to formation of precipitates. Intravenous solutions of pentamidine can be mixed with intravenous HIV medications like zidovidine and intravenous heart medications like diltiazem.
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Spree is classified as a compressed dextrose candy, covered in a colored fruit-flavored shell. Depending on the market it is available in rolls or thin movie theater-size cardboard boxes. It is billed as "a kick in the mouth". A variety called Chewy Spree, which has a candy shell and a chewy center, comes in pouches, rather than rolls.
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Franklin produced sugar during the war years then leased the plant to Doughnut Corporation of America in 1946. Doughnut used the plant to produce dextrose, but also managed to process a small tonnage of beets. The factory sat idle in 1949 and processed its last beet campaign in 1950.” Sugar production in Mount Clemens was given up as a lost cause after 1950.
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Cladosporium cladosporioides reproduces asexually and because no teleomorph has been identified, it is considered an exclusively anamorphic species. Colonies are olive-green to olive-brown and appear velvety or powdery. On a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, colonies are olive-grey to dull green, velvety and tufted. The edges of the colony can be olive-grey to white, and feathery.
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Testing the urine can help if the cause is unclear. The underlying mechanism typically involves too little free water in the body. If the onset of hypernatremia was over a few hours, then it can be corrected relatively quickly using intravenous normal saline and 5% dextrose in water. Otherwise, correction should occur slowly with, for those unable to drink water, half-normal saline.
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Lima bean agar (LBA) is a kind of agar medium which is used to cultivate the spore of Phytophthora sojae. Phytophthora sojae causes soybean blight (Phytophthora root rot of soybeans). Soybean blight can affect the output and quality of soybeans seriously. The spore of phytophthora sojae is difficult to culture in potato dextrose agar; it is generally cultured by lima bean agar and carrot agar.
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The Equal brand logo. Equal is a brand of artificial sweetener containing aspartame, acesulfame potassium, dextrose and maltodextrin. It is marketed as a tabletop sweetener by Merisant, a global corporation which also used to own the well-known NutraSweet brand when it was a subsidiary of Monsanto and which has headquarters in Chicago, Illinois, Switzerland, Mexico, and Singapore. In French Canada, Equal is known as "Égal".
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While a type of graph has been created to try to assist with diagnosis, its general use is not recommended. In overdose maximum blood levels may not occur for more than 12 hours. Efforts to prevent poisoning include child- resistant packaging and a lower number of pills per package. Treatment may include activated charcoal, intravenous sodium bicarbonate with dextrose and potassium chloride, and dialysis.
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The first priority in suspected or confirmed pituitary apoplexy is stabilization of the circulatory system. Cortisol deficiency can cause severe low blood pressure. Depending on the severity of the illness, admission to a high dependency unit (HDU) may be required. Treatment for acute adrenal insufficiency requires the administration of intravenous saline or dextrose solution; volumes of over two liters may be required in an adult.
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Microascus brevicaulis is a common mold. When cultured at a temperature of 25 °C on potato dextrose agar it forms white colonies which become powdery and/or granular as they mature. Under such conditions the fungus can grow rapidly, expanding as much as 4.5 - 5.5 cm within one week. The hyphae of M. brevicaulis are hyaline (transparent) and septate (separated into segments by cross-walls).
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Tart 'n' Tinys are small, fruit-flavored candies distributed by Leaf Brands. Tart 'n' Tiny's were originally manufactured by the Wonka company in five colors, bluish-purple (grape), yellow (lemon), orange (orange), red (cherry), and green (lime). In 2015 when they were reintroduced, they added a new color, light blue (blue raspberry). The original incarnation of Tart 'n' Tinys candies were small cylinders of compressed dextrose.
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Bottom view of a Sabouraud agar plate with a colony of Trichophyton rubrum var. rodhaini. Sporothrix schenckii in Sabouraud agar Candida albicans in Sabouraud agar Trichophyton terrestre in Sabouraud agar. Sabouraud agar or Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) is a type of agar growth medium containing peptones. It is used to cultivate dermatophytes and other types of fungi, and can also grow filamentous bacteria such as Nocardia.
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About Modified Sabouraud Agar It has utility for research and clinical care. It was created by, and is named after, Raymond Sabouraud in 1892. The formulation was later adjusted by Chester W. Emmons when the pH level was brought closer to the neutral range and the dextrose concentration lowered to support the growth of other microorganisms. The acidic pH (5.6) of traditional Sabouraud agar inhibits bacterial growth.
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Then, the frequency of blood glucose measurement is increased to every hour until values are < 49 mg/dL (2.7 mmol/L). At that point, or when the patient has symptoms of hypoglycemia, a blood test is drawn for serum glucose, insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide levels. The fast is then stopped at that point, and the hypoglycemia treated with intravenous dextrose or carbohydrate-containing food or drink.
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A Baby Ruth bar The original flavor U.S. edition, listed by weight in decreasing order, contains sugar, roasted peanuts, corn syrup, partially hydrogenated palm kernel and coconut oil, nonfat milk, cocoa, high- fructose corn syrup and less than 1% of glycerin, whey (from milk), dextrose, salt, egg, monoglyceride, soy lecithin, soybean oil, natural and artificial flavors, carrageenan, TBHQ, citric acid (to preserve freshness) and caramel color.
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Carrot medium is a kind of agar medium which is used to cultivate the spore of Phytophthora sojae. Phytophthora sojae causes soybean blight (Phytophthora root rot of soybeans). Soybean blight can affect the output and quality of soybeans seriously. The spore of phytophthora sojae is difficult to culture in potato dextrose agar; it is generally cultured by V8 medium and lima bean agar at home and abroad.
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Thiamine is effective for treatment of Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome as well as ethylene glycol ingestion. For ethylene glycol, thiamine helps by preventing synthesis of the glycol's metabolites. Overall, thiamine does not cause as notable issues in the cocktail, but patients can be sensitive to it nonetheless. If a physician administers both dextrose and thiamine, as is common in comatose patients, thiamine should be administered first.
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Mucor racemosus (UAMH 8346) cultured on potato dextrose agar at 25 °C for 10 days.M. racemosus possesses the ability to exhibit multiple morphology (mainly, filamentous and spherical shape) to withstand various environmental stress. This has given it ability to survive many conditions and it has a worldwide distribution, reported most frequently in Europe as well as Americas. In the tropics, it has been seen at higher altitudes.
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The conidiophores are long, straight, slightly tapering phialides, arising as side-branches on hyphae. At the end of the phialides are accumulated balls of slimy conidia with an ellipsoidall shape measuring 3-6 x 1.5 mm. Colonies that are grown on sabouraud dextrose agar have a white coloration that later becomes pink during further incubation. Microscopically, the growth mostly has fasciculate mycelium giving rise to slender phialides.
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The cornerstone of treatment is administration of free water to correct the relative water deficit. Water can be replaced orally or intravenously. Water alone cannot be administered intravenously (because of osmolarity issues leading to rupturing of red blood cells in the bloodstream), but rather can be given intravenously in solution with dextrose (sugar) or saline (salt). However, overly rapid correction of hypernatremia is potentially very dangerous.
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In general, rocket candy propellants are an oxidizer (typically potassium nitrate) and a sugar fuel (typically dextrose, sorbitol, or sucrose) that are cast into shape by gently melting the propellant constituents together and pouring or packing the amorphous colloid into a mold. Candy propellants generate a low-medium specific impulse of roughly 130 s and, thus, are used primarily by amateur and experimental rocketeers.
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Rhodotorula mucilaginosa colonies on Sabouraud agar (with 2 % glucose). Rhodotorula is a genus of unicellular pigmented yeasts, part of the division Basidiomycota. It is readily identifiable by distinctive orange/red colonies when grown on SDA (Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar). This distinctive color is the result of pigments that the yeast creates to block out certain wavelengths of light (620–750 nm) that would otherwise be damaging to the cell.
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Often, empirical treatment is required if the diagnostic suspicion of a porphyria is high since acute attacks can be fatal. A high- carbohydrate diet is typically recommended; in severe attacks, a dextrose 10% infusion is commenced, which may aid in recovery by suppressing heme synthesis, which in turn reduces the rate of porphyrin accumulation. However, this can worsen hyponatraemia and should be done with extreme caution as it can prove fatal.
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Microsporum nanum is a mesophile and grows moderately rapid on Sabouraud's Dextrose agar. Its macroconidia are ovoid in shape and, unlike those of most other species of Microsporum, normally consist of no more than three cells. Rare to moderate numbers of rough-walled microconidia can also be found in the colony. Microsporum nanum grows optimally at 25 °C but is capable of growth at temperatures up to 37 °C.
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Some people have few initial symptoms of low blood sugar, and frequent routine testing in this group is recommended. Treatment of hypoglycemia is by eating foods high in simple sugars or taking dextrose. If a person is not able to take food by mouth, glucagon by injection or in the nose may help. The treatment of hypoglycemia unrelated to diabetes includes treating the underlying problem and a healthy diet.
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Heroin is commonly cut with quinine, caffeine, dimethocaine, procaine, lactose, inositol, dextrose, mannitol, and starch. Other opioids are sometimes sold as heroin or cut with heroin. Fentanyl sold as or laced into heroin has made the news in the past due to the numerous fatalities it causes when it appears on the market. Recently, Fentanyl and close analogues have been produced in pure powder form for very cheap.
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The earliest version of brain heart infusion media was made in 1899 when Edward Rosenow combined dextrose broth with calf brain tissue to grow streptococci. This was modified in 1923 by Russell Haden while working on dental pathogens. Modern BHI typically uses an infusion from porcine brains and hearts rather than calf brain tissue, and uses disodium phosphate as a buffer, rather than the calcium carbonate used by Rosenow and Haden.
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Crystalloid or colloid solutions such as human serum albumin or plasma protein fraction, are preferable to FFP for volume replacement. For nutritional support, amino acid solutions and dextrose are available.The most important alternative to the use of FFP is a comprehensive program of blood conservation. This includes measures such as intraoperative cell salvage and the realization that in many patients normovolemic anemia is not an indication for transfusion.
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Persistent elevation of uric acid above 6.5 mg/dl warrants treatment with allopurinol to prevent uric acid deposition in kidneys and joints. Because of the potential for impaired platelet function, coagulation ability should be checked and the metabolic state normalized before surgery. Bleeding time may be normalized with 1–2 days of glucose loading, and improved with ddavp. During surgery, IV fluids should contain 10% dextrose and no lactate.
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Cladophialophora carrionii is part of a group of melanized fungi, also known as “black yeasts” because its mycelial form has a dark green colour and its conidia have brown pigment. Colonies grow at a modest rate on Sabouraud dextrose agar. The conidia of C. carrionii are unicellular oval-shaped spores that are distinguishable due to the presence of two lightly pigmented scars. Conidia vary in length (1.5-3.0 × 2.0-7.5 µm).
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Ringer's solution Ringer's solution is a solution of several salts dissolved in water for the purpose of creating an isotonic solution relative to the body fluids of an animal. Ringer's solution typically contains sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate, with the last used to balance the pH. Other additions can include chemical fuel sources for cells, including ATP and dextrose, as well as antibiotics and antifungals.
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The fungus is dimorphic growing in two distinct forms. It grows as hyphae at room temperature, but when conidia are transferred to 40 °C they convert to larger adiaspores. It has no teleomorphs and no sexual stage. It does not have any particular growth requirements in terms of culture media, but it is known to grow well on pablum cereal agar, potato dextrose agar (PDA) and phytone yeast extract agar.
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A packet of small Pixy Stix Pixy Stix is a sweet and sour colored powdered candy usually packaged in a wrapper that resembles a drinking straw. Pixy Stix is a registered trademark of Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Vevey, Switzerland. The candy is usually poured into the mouth from the wrapper, which is made out of plastic or paper. Pixy Stix contain dextrose, citric acid, and artificial and natural flavors.
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Simple polarimeters have been used since this time to measure the concentrations of simple sugars, such as glucose, in solution. In fact one name for D-glucose (the biological isomer), is dextrose, referring to the fact that it causes linearly polarized light to rotate to the right or dexter side. In a similar manner, levulose, more commonly known as fructose, causes the plane of polarization to rotate to the left.
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The ingredients in Bisquick Original consist of bleached wheat flour (enriched with niacin, iron, thiamine mononitrate, riboflavin and folic acid), corn starch, dextrose, palm oil, leavening (baking soda, sodium aluminum phosphate, monocalcium phosphate), canola oil, salt, sugar, DATEM, and distilled monoglycerides. Bisquick Heart Smart is formulated with canola oil resulting in less saturated fat and 0g trans fat. Bisquick also comes in a gluten-free variety, which uses rice flour instead of regular flour.
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H. hyalinus has been studied in several different manners. Field observation has been used to observe the effects of the pathogen on the host. In addition to direct field study, the pathogen has been cultured on oat meal agar and potato dextrose agar to facilitate testing of the pathogen at the biochemical and microscopic level. KOH string testing, which can be used to determine the gram status of an organism,Sutton, S. 2006.
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The most common method is collecting the blood from the donor's vein into a container. The amount of blood drawn varies from 200 millilitres to 550 millilitres depending on the country, but 450–500 millilitres is typical. The blood is usually stored in a flexible plastic bag that also contains sodium citrate, phosphate, dextrose, and adenine. This combination keeps the blood from clotting and preserves it during storage up to 42 days.
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Enterobacter cowanii is phenotypically defined as being a Gram-negative, motile, and facultative anaerobic bacterium. The morphology of this bacterium is described as being cream colored when cultured on non-selective, YDC (Yeast extract-dextrose- CaCO3) medium. When tested for enzyme production, E. cowanii is asparagine and catalase positive, while also being urease and oxidase negative. When originally introduced as NIH Group 42, seventy traditional phenotypic characteristics were determined and listed by Kohaku et al.
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The unsaturated amino acids originate from serine and threonine, and the enzyme-catalysed addition of cysteine residues to the didehydro amino acids result in the multiple (5) thioether bridges. Subtilin and epidermin are related to nisin. All are members of a class of molecules known as lantibiotics. In the food industry, nisin is obtained from the culturing of L. lactis on natural substrates, such as milk or dextrose, and it is not chemically synthesized.
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Low-protein diets to treat kidney disease include the rice diet, which was started by Walter Kempner at Duke University in 1939. This diet was a daily ration of 2,000 calories consisting of moderate amounts of boiled rice, sucrose and dextrose, and a restricted range of fruit, supplemented with vitamins. Sodium and chloride were restricted to 150 mg and 200 mg respectively. It showed remarkable effects on control of edema and hypertension.
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Lion Cereal (2011–present) ingredients: Cereal Grains (Whole Grain Wheat Flour, Wheat Flour, Rice Flour), Sugar, Caramel Paste (Sweetened Condensed Skimmed Milk, Sugar, Glucose Syrup, Butter Oil, Pectin, Potassium Sorbate, Salt, Flavour), Glucose Syrup, Palm Oil, Cocoa Powder, Dextrose, Cocoa Mass, Salt, Flavourings: Vanillin and Caramel, Emulsifier: Soya Lecithin, Colour: Caramel, Vitamins and Minerals: Vitamin C, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, Vitamin B6, Riboflavin (B2), Thiamin (B1), Folic Acid (Folacin), Vitamin B12, Calcium Carbonate and Iron.
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Polydextrose is a synthetic polymer of glucose. It is a food ingredient classified as soluble fiber by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as well as Health Canada, . It is frequently used to increase the dietary fiber content of food, to replace sugar, and to reduce calories and fat content. It is a multi-purpose food ingredient synthesized from dextrose (glucose), plus about 10 percent sorbitol and 1 percent citric acid.
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For maintenance of blood pressure in hypotensive states, the dose for adults is 30–45 mg as a single dose, repeated as necessary or followed by intravenous infusion of 0.1% mephentermine in 5% dextrose, with the rate and duration of administration depending on the patient's response. For hypotension secondary to spinal anaesthesia in obstetric patients, the dose for adults is 15 mg as a single dose, repeated if needed. The maximum dose 30 mg.
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Corynebacterium minutissimum consumes carbohydrates such as glucose, dextrose, sucrose, maltose, and mannitol. Erythrasma manifests mostly in slightly webbed spaces between toes (or other body region skin folds like the thighs/groin area) in warm atmospheric regions, and is more prevalent in dark skinned humans. As a person ages, they are more susceptible to this infection. This bacterium is not only found in warm atmospheric regions, but also warm and sweaty parts of the human body.
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By being a complete medium, YEPD cannot be used as a selection medium to test for auxotrophs. Instead, YEPD is used as a growth medium to grow yeast cultures. YEPD typically contains 1% yeast extract, 2% peptone, and 2% glucose/dextrose in distilled water. It may be made as a broth, or made into an agar gel by adding 1.5 to 2% of agar to hot broth and allowing the mixture to cool and solidify.
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Historically, much of the early research concerning the fungus was based on plant defense mechanisms. However, once its genome was sequenced, efforts shifted to identifying the genes involved in host-parasite interaction. One of the pioneers for genetic research into Alternaria brassicicola was the Lawrence group at Virginia Bioinformatics Institute and the Genome Center at Washington University. The most common media used for A. brassicicola growth are PDA (potato dextrose agar) and V8 juice-agar.
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In addition, it has been surmised that exogenous ketones may stimulate insulin secretion. Following exposure to exogenous ketones, small amounts of secreted insulin have been reported in animals. However, because insulin has also been shown to increase in subjects who took an exogenous ketone supplement and dextrose drink, in addition to those who only took the exogenous supplement, more research remains to be seen on the effects of ketone supplements on insulin.
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Ketones can also be measured in the blood at the bedside (Medisense glucometer). Other routine tests are normal. If given intravenous fluids with saline and dextrose, the child improves dramatically and is usually restored to normal health within a few hours. These symptoms are normally seen because of the child being unadapted to using fat as energy, typically when the child's daily glucose intake might be too high (more than 50g/day for a child).
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Colonies grown on Sabouraud's dextrose agar reach about 7–8 mm after one week. Colonies on CYA are flat, floccose in texture, produce brown or olive brown from conidia, and range in diameter from 30-79 mmn in one week. Colonies on malt extract agar reach 70 mm diameter or more, otherwise very similar in appearance to those on CYA. Colonies on G25N media reach 8–16 mm diameter, similar to on CYA but with predominantly white mycelium.
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Diazoxide is given by mouth, octreotide by injection or continuous subcutaneous pump infusion. When congenital hyperinsulinism is due to focal defects of the insulin-secretion mechanism, surgical removal of that part of the pancreas may cure the problem. In more severe cases of persistent congenital hyperinsulinism unresponsive to drugs, a near-total pancreatectomy may be needed to prevent continuing hypoglycemia. Even after pancreatectomy, continuous glucose may be needed in the form of gastric infusion of formula or dextrose.
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Diagnosis can be made through culture of diseased tissue in Sabouraud dextrose agar or by visualization of sporangia containing sporangiospores on tissue biopsy (using hematoxylin/eosin, GMS, or PAS histochemical stains). The organism incites a chronic granulomatous inflammation with infiltrate of histiocytes, lymphocytes, giant cells and occasional eosinophils. The organism has thick wall, internal septations, measures 3–11 µm in diameter. The sporangia have very small wedge-shaped endospores arranged radially and moulded (morula-like form).
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On Potato Dextrose agar, colonies are white with a silky texture and a peach-coloured underside. Microsporum audouinii can be differentiated from non-sporulating strains of the similar M. canis by culture on autoclaved rice. Under these conditions, M. canis typically yields abundant growth and little to no pigmentation whereas M. audouinii produces no visible growth and abundant brown pigment on the rice grains. PCR fingerprinting is a fairly new diagnostic tool for the rapid identification of these fungi.
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Diabetic hypoglycemia can be mild, recognized easily by the patient, and reversed with a small amount of carbohydrates eaten or drunk, or it may be severe enough to cause unconsciousness requiring intravenous dextrose or an injection of glucagon. Severe hypoglycemic unconsciousness is one form of diabetic coma. A common medical definition of severe hypoglycemia is "hypoglycemia severe enough that the person needs assistance in dealing with it". A co-morbidity is the issue of hypoglycemia unawareness.
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Curvularia trifolii is commonly found in tropical regions around the world. Depending on the host plant, the pathogen can survive at temperatures of 40 degree celsius with the optimal temperature range being from 25 - 30 degrees celsius. This pathogen can be easily cultured in potato dextrose agar at room temperature (20 -25 degree celsius). The color of the colony is white to pinkish-gray initially and turns to olive brown or black as the colony matures.
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Since he had not secured a patent before shopping the idea around, sugar producers were then free to use his idea without paying royalties, and they did so. In 1957 he came up with a formula for a powdered saccharin sweetener. Previously saccharin was sold as liquid drops, or tiny tablets. He mixed the saccharin with dextrose to bulk it up to a teaspoon sized portion, added cream of tartar, and calcium silicate as anti-caking agents.
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Most frequently, whole blood is collected from a blood donation and is spun in a centrifuge. The red blood cells are denser and settle to the bottom, and the majority of the liquid blood plasma remains on the top. The plasma is separated and the red blood cells are kept with a minimal amount of fluid. Generally, an additive solution of citrate, dextrose, and adenine is mixed with the cells to keep them alive during storage.
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Staminade is formulated to contain sodium and potassium levels at 16.4 mmol per litre and 4.8 mmol per litre. Staminade powder when made up according to directions claims to have an osmomolality of approximately 275milliOsmol per litre. From 2010 the powder formulation of Staminade was changed to use sucrose as its primary ingredient instead of dextrose as the primary sweetener and source of energy. The liquid concentrate used glucose as its primary ingredient and acesulphame potassium as a sweetener.
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Solutions that have a baricity approaching 1.000 are referred to as isobaric, as the density of the cerebrospinal fluid is approximately 1.0003+/- 0.0003. Solutions with a baricity less than 0.999 are termed hypobaric, and are usually created by mixing the local anesthetic with distilled water. Hyperbaric solutions are created by mixing dextrose 5-8% with the desired local anesthetic. Hyperbaric solutions will flow in the direction of gravity and settle in the most dependent areas of the intrathecal space.
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Oral glucose gel is an over-the-counter medication, consisting primarily of dextrose and water, along with small amounts of other compounds. It is frequently used by people with diabetes and those with hypoglycaemia to raise their blood glucose when it becomes dangerously low. Hypoglycaemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low; it can cause a variety of symptoms including hunger, sweating, rapid heart rate, and shaking. If left untreated, hypoglycaemia can lead to a loss of consciousness.
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If the child is underweight, a daily nutritional supplement may be recommended. Raw cornstarch dissolved in a beverage helps individuals with hypoglycemia, especially that caused by Glycogen Storage Disease, sustain their blood sugars for longer periods of time and may be given at bedtime. If a spell begins, carbohydrates and fluids should be given promptly. If vomiting prevents this, the child should be taken to the local emergency department for a few hours of intravenous saline and dextrose.
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A lipid emulsion (intralipid) 20% Lipid emulsion or fat emulsion refers to an emulsion of lipid for human intravenous use. It is often referred to by the brand name of the most commonly used version, Intralipid, which is an emulsion of soy bean oil, egg phospholipids and glycerin, and is available in 10%, 20% and 30% concentrations. The 30% concentration is not approved for direct intravenous infusion, but should be mixed with amino acids and dextrose as part of a total nutrient admixture.
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Prior to 1990, traditional therapies for dialysis patients, such as liberalized diet and oral supplements, led to protein and/or calorie malnutrition. Efforts to supplement nutritional intake by providing nutrients during the dialysis procedure were attempted. As a result, IDPN became an established therapy to replete malnourished CKD-5 dialysis patients in the early 1990s. Generally the patients received a set formulation containing standard amounts of dextrose, amino acids and lipids regardless of the patient's weight, dialysis time, and complicating co-morbid conditions.
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Production of phonograph records The original soft master, known as a "lacquer", was silvered using the same process as the silvering of mirrors. To prepare the master for making copies, soft masters made of wax were coated with fine graphite. Later masters made of lacquer were sprayed with a saponin mix, rinsed, and then sprayed with stannous chloride, which sensitized the surface. After another rinse, they were sprayed with a mix of the silver solution and dextrose reducer to create a silver coating.
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Juicy Fruit gum consists mostly of sugar contained in a synthetic gum base. Other ingredients include corn syrup and dextrose as bulk agents and natural sweeteners, natural and artificial flavorings, glycerol and lecithin as softening agents, aspartame (NutraSweet) and acesulfame K as artificial sweeteners, Yellow Lake 5 as a coloring and BHT as a preservative. In the UK the ingredients used are as listed: Sugar, Gum Base, Glucose Syrup, Flavourings, Humectant (Glycerol), Emulsifier (Soybean Lecithin), Sweeteners (Acesulfame K, Sucralose), Antioxidant (BHA).
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Colonies on potato dextrose agar are slow growing, velvety to woolly, and olive to olivaceous black in color. Isolates of F. compacta may produce up to four different types of conidiophores. The diagnostic form consists of densely clustered, one- celled, pale brown, primary conidia, up to 4 × 8 μm that develop irregularly upon pegs at the terminus of erect, dark, irregularly swollen, club shaped, conidiophores. The primary conidia give rise to one-celled, 3 × 3.5 μm, secondary conidia in a like manner.
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M. elegans is an anamorphic fungus (i.e., it reproduces asexually). When M. elegans is grown on a Petri dish in 2% MEA (Malt Extract Agar; medium used in a Petri dish) and PDA (potato-dextrose agar) at the growth and morphological characteristics listed below are observed. The colonies of M. elegans grows better in MEA than in PDA. On average colonies of M. elegans can be observed with the naked eye having a diameter of 2.5–6 cm after 10 days of growth.
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The following morning, karo corn syrup is given orally, and glucose and insulin levels are measured at 60 and 90 minutes after administration. Normal or excessively high insulin levels are diagnostic. However, equivocal test results require retesting at a later date, or performing a different test. A similar test is available outside the US, in areas where corn-syrup products are less readily available, where horses are given a morning meal of chaff with dextrose powder, and blood insulin levels are measured 2 hours later.
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Majority of the human cases reported are associated with pig farming. The fungus can invade the skin of the host; if it is scratched off by the infected animal, the fungus is still capable of reproducing in soil. When grown on Sabouraud's Dextrose agar at 25 °C, M. nanum produces a thin, powdery, and soft fibrous colony that appears white at the center becoming light yellowish-brown towards the colony margin. The reverse side appears brownish-orange in young colony and reddish-brown in older colony.
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Cultured dextrose is a food additive used to inhibit the growth of undesirable bacteria and mold in food. Often used in place of benzoates and sorbates, it is considered by some consumers to be a more "natural" ingredient, because it is prepared by the fermentation of milk or sugar powders by the probiotic bacteria Propionibacterium freudenreichii and Lactococcus lactis, both of which are extensively used in the production of cheese and other dairy products.L. McIntyre et al., in Novel Technologies in Food Science (Springer, 2012), p.
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Jeanes' area of research was natural polysaccharides, including starch (found in wheat, corn, rice, and potatoes), cellulose (found in cotton, wood, and paper), and dextran. Jeanes was able to isolate dextrose-producing bacteria from samples of bacteria-contaminated root beer supplied by a local Peoria company. This discovery was the basis for development of a mass production process for dextran, and its use in a dextran-based blood plasma extender. This plasma substitute was used by medical personal in the Korean and Vietnam wars.
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Deck ovens heated to over use steam injection to allow the crust to expand before setting, thus creating a lighter, airier loaf, and to melt the dextrose on the bread's surface, giving a slightly glazed effect. In April 1944, a competition called Le Grand Prix de la Baguette began in France to determine who made the best baguettes. Nearly 200 bakers compete each year in front of a 14-judge panel following strict guidelines. They are judged based on baking, appearance, smell, taste, and crumb.
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Malt liquor is typically straw to pale amber in color. While typical beer is made primarily from barley, water, and hops, malt liquors tend to make much greater use of inexpensive adjuncts such as corn, rice, or dextrose. Use of these adjuncts, along with the addition of special enzymes, results in a higher percentage of alcohol than an average beer. Higher alcohol versions, sometimes called "high-gravity" or just "HG", may contain high levels of fusel alcohols, which gives off solvent- or fuel-like aromas and flavors.
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Conidiobolus coronatus produces rapidly growing colonies that appear fuzzy and are flat. In their early stages, the colonies are both glabrous and adherent. In terms of colour, young C. coronatus colonies appear creamy gray, however as it ages, the colony adopts a tan to light brown colour. When grown on specific medium (Sabouraud-glucose agar with 0.2% yeast extract or potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 21 °C), C. coronatus colonies can reach approximately 4–5 cm in diameter within 3 days, demonstrating their rapid growth.
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In 2003, a ruling by the UK Advertising Standards Authority determined that the corporation had acted in breach of the codes of practice in describing how its French fries were prepared. A McDonald's print ad stated that "after selecting certain potatoes", "we peel them, slice them, fry them and that's it." It showed a picture of a potato in a McDonald's fries box. In fact, the product was sliced, pre-fried, sometimes had dextrose added, was then frozen, shipped, and re-fried and then had salt added.
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Depending on the method used to hydrolyse the starch and on the extent to which the hydrolysis reaction has been allowed to proceed, different grades of glucose syrup are produced, which have different characteristics and uses. The syrups are broadly categorised according to their dextrose equivalent (DE). The further the hydrolysis process proceeds, the more reducing sugars are produced, and the higher the DE. Depending on the process used, glucose syrups with different compositions, and hence different technical properties, can have the same DE.
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When grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar culture media, the fungus grows slowly as black, slimy, yeast- like colonies that reach a diameter of 2 mm after 14 days at . Then the colony centers develop a velvety texture and become greenish-gray and dome-shaped, while retaining a slimy and yeast-like margin. After 14 days, the ellipsoidal yeast-like cells are brown when stained with lactophenol cotton blue, and measure 6 by 3.5 µm. They have ringed zones that pinch off to create budding cells.
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In diarrhea dominant IB is a common symptom of GSE, increased celiac disease-associated serum IgG was found in treated and untreated CD patients. The IgG was most common in untreated patients with more active DQ2 expression that dropped on GF diet. Some irritable bowel can be the result of other food intolerances, such as casein intolerance, lactose intolerance, or intolerances to non-dextrose sugars in other foods. It can also be result of overgrowth of yeast or bacteria as a result of excesses of unabsorbed nutrients.
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Emergency treatment can come into effect within hours in case of diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome. Treatment involves intravenous fluids to replenish hydration- reducing plasma, intravenous insulin to lower blood sugar levels, and intravenous potassium and sodium to replace the lost electrolytes which are essential for cell function, as insulin will force some electrolytes into the cell.. Any underlying conditions (e.g. kidney disease) will also be treated in order to prevent further occurrences. Following the administration of intravenous insulin, dextrose should be added once glucose levels reach the 250-300mg/dL target level.
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Primary care paramedics (PCPs) are the entry level of paramedic practice across Canada. The scope of practice includes performing semi-automated external defibrillation, manual defibrillation, oxygen administration, ETCO2 monitoring, supraglottic airways, vascular access, cardiac monitoring such as Lead 2 interpretation and 12 Lead acquisition and interpretation, and administration of Symptom Relief Medications for a variety of emergency medical conditions (these include epinephrine, salbutamol, aspirin, nitroglycerine, naloxone, dextrose, glucagon, gravol, ketorolac, ibuprofen, acetaminophen, benadryl). PCPs may also receive additional authorization in order to perform certain skills that are normally in the scope of practice of ACPs.
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Intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) is a nutritional support therapy (medical nutrition therapy) for people on hemodialysis who have a difficult time maintaining adequate nutrition. It is administered directly into the bloodstream of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) in an effort to decrease the associated morbidity and mortality experienced in patients with kidney failure. IDPN contains protein (amino acids), carbohydrates (dextrose), and fats (lipids) in an attempt to meet a patient's weekly nutritional needs. Solutions can be individualized for each patient based on weight, needs, medical history and enteral intake.
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Friedrich August Kekulé proposed the term dextrose (from Latin dexter = right), because in aqueous solution of glucose, the plane of linearly polarized light is turned to the right. In contrast, -fructose (a ketohexose) and -glucose turn linearly polarized light to the left. The earlier notation according to the rotation of the plane of linearly polarized light (d and l-nomenclature) was later abandoned in favor of the - and -notation, which refers to the absolute configuration of the asymmetric center farthest from the carbonyl group, and in concordance with the configuration of - or -glyceraldehyde.
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As with other forms of CAH, the primary therapy of 11β-hydroxylase deficient CAH is lifelong glucocorticoid replacement in sufficient doses to prevent adrenal insufficiency and suppress excess mineralocorticoid and androgen production. Salt-wasting in infancy responds to intravenous saline, dextrose, and high dose hydrocortisone, but prolonged fludrocortisone replacement is usually not necessary. The hypertension is ameliorated by glucocorticoid suppression of DOC. Long term glucocorticoid replacement issues are similar to those of 21-hydroxylase CAH, and involve careful balance between doses sufficient to suppress androgens while avoiding suppression of growth.
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Thus, prions also serve as substrates to understand the intracellular processing of protein aggregates such as amyloid. Laboratories commonly identify [PSI+] by growth of a strain auxotrophic for adenine on media lacking adenine, similar to that used by Cox et al. These strains cannot synthesize adenine due to a nonsense mutation in one of the enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway. When the strain is grown on yeast-extract/dextrose/peptone media (YPD), the blocked pathway results in buildup of a red-colored intermediate compound, which is exported from the cell due to its toxicity.
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Sawdust brandy (from the German Holzbranntwein) is a neutral spirit produced through the distillation of wood products. To produce sawdust brandy, the wood is cooked with a diluted sulfuric acid, which causes the cellulose to be broken down via acid hydrolysis into dextrose and other simple sugars, while the lignin remains. The acidic, sugar-containing liquid is neutralised and allowed to ferment, producing the ethanol that will later be purified through distillation. In the German Democratic Republic, the lye produced from the wood pulp was employed in the production of the Holzschnaps ("wood schnapps").
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Mulch film made of polylactic acid (PLA)-blend bio-flex Polylactic acid (PLA) is a transparent plastic produced from corn or dextrose. Superficially, it is similar to conventional petrochemical-based mass plastics like PS. It has the distinct advantage of degrading to nontoxic products. Unfortunately it exhibits inferior impact strength, thermal robustness, and barrier properties (blocking air transport across the membrane). PLA and PLA blends generally come in the form of granulates with various properties, and are used in the plastic processing industry for the production of films, fibers, plastic containers, cups and bottles.
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Oxidative/fermentation glucose test (OF glucose test) is a biological technique utilized in microbiology to determine the way a microorganism metabolizes a carbohydrate such as glucose (dextrose). OF-glucose deeps contain glucose as a carbohydrate, peptones, bromothymol blue indicator for Hugh-Leifson's OF medium or phenol red for King's OF medium, and 0.5% agar. To perform the OF-glucose test, two tubes of OF-glucose medium are inoculated with the test organism. A layer of mineral oil is added to the top of the deep in one of the tubes to create anaerobic conditions.
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Colony of Trichophyton tonsurans from scalp scraping cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar with cycloheximide, chloramphenicol and gentamicin (7 d)Trichophyton tonsurans may be identified through analysis of its fast-growing colonies. Colonies tend to be flat, powdery, and yellow with a reddish undercolour. It develops into a folded colony, and may vary in colour from off-white to grey, with dark pigments that may diffuse into the medium. The younger colonies fluoresce green on Sabouraud's agar, and are also flat, but are mahogany red or lemon-yellow coloured.
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Trichophyton concentricum produce dense, slow-growing folded colonies which are mostly white to cream colored on Sabouraud's dextrose agar and their hyphae are normally branched, irregular and septate with antler tips resembling T.schoenleinii. The production of conidia is unusual, however when present, microconidia and macroconidia are smooth walled with a diameter of approximately 4 microns and 50 µm respectively. Due to its resemblance to macroconidia, hyphae are sometimes be falsely identified as macroconidia. These fungi are also considered to be osmotolerant because of their ability to grown small colonies on 5% NaCl media and are.
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A small amount of dextrose may also be added to stabilize the iodine.; Iodine deficiency affects about two billion people around the world and is the leading preventable cause of mental retardation. Iodized table salt has significantly reduced disorders of iodine deficiency in countries where it is used. The amount of iodine and the specific iodine compound added to salt varies from country to country. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends [21 CFR 101.9 (c)(8)(iv)] 150 micrograms of iodine per day for both men and women.
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Different Trichophyton species release different amounts of ammonium ion, altering the pH of this medium. In this test, medium supporting T. rubrum remains sky blue, indicating neutral pH, until 7 to 10 days after inoculation. In primary outgrowth on Sabouraud dextrose agar with cycloheximide and antibacterials, contaminating organisms may cause confusion, as T. rubrum colonies deprived of glucose by competing contaminants may grow without forming the species' distinctive red pigment. Both antibiotic- resistant bacteria and saprotrophic fungi may outcompete T. rubrum for glucose if they contaminate the sample.
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Paramedics in many jurisdictions administer a variety of emergency medications; the individual medications vary widely, based on physician (medical director) direction and local law. These drugs may include Adenocard (Adenosine), which stops and resets a heart that is beating too rapidly, and Atropine, which speeds a heartbeat that is too slow. The list may include sympathomimetics like norepinephrine or dopamine for severe hypotension (low blood pressure) and cardiogenic shock. Diabetics often benefit from the fact that paramedics are able to give D50W (Dextrose 50%) to treat hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
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He, Sarah and the others immediately evacuate to the upper floors as the witch relentlessly break in, killing patients including Julius and Erick. The others hid in the stock room while Jay rescues a young girl from the witch's wife. Dennis, who had been separated from the team, discovered that dextrose can kill the witches but was proven wrong: holy water can. They formulated a plan: Jay and Sarah will ward the beasts off while hospital chaplain, Father Miguel (Cris Daluz) and Dennis, will bless the water tank with holy water.
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The medicinal properties of root beer are emphasized in the advertising slogan, "Join Health and Cheer; Drink Hires Rootbeer." The U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned sassafras oil in 1960 because it contains the carcinogen and liver-damaging chemical safrol. However, a process was later discovered by which the harmful chemical could be removed from sassafras oil while preserving the flavor. Prior to the move to "natural and artificial flavors", Hires ingredients included carbonated water, sugar, dextrose, caramel, plant extractives of birch, sassafras, licorice, vanilla, spikenard, sarsaparilla, hops, wintergreen, pipsissewa, ginger and flavor.
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Equilibrium between cyclic and open-chain form in one ring of maltose In glucose polymers such as starch and starch-derivatives like glucose syrup, maltodextrin and dextrin the macromolecule begins with a reducing sugar, a free aldehyde. When starch has been partially hydrolyzed the chains have been split and hence it contains more reducing sugars per gram. The percentage of reducing sugars present in these starch derivatives is called dextrose equivalent (DE). Glycogen is a highly branched polymer of glucose that serves as the main form of carbohydrate storage in animals.
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A complete list of the ingredients includes: soybean oil, water, egg yolk, gluconic acid, yeast extract, stabilizer (microcrystalline cellulose, modified food starch, xanthan gum, guar gum, gum arabic), cultured dextrose, salt, sugar, dehydrated garlic, paprika, dehydrated onion, spice, natural smoke flavor, natural flavors, tocopherols, calcium disodium EDTA, and autolyzed yeast extract. J&D;'s Foods also released a light version of Baconnaise. Marketed as Baconnaise Lite, it contains 30 Cal per serving and less fat than the original Baconnaise. Baconnaise is sold in 15-oz (443-ml) plastic jars.
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Prolotherapy involves the injection of an irritant solution into a joint space, weakened ligament, or tendon insertion to relieve pain. Most commonly, hyperosmolar dextrose (a sugar) is the solution used; glycerine, lidocaine (a commonly used local anesthetic), phenol, and sodium morrhuate (a derivative of cod liver oil extract) are other commonly used agents. The injection is administered at joints or at tendons where they connect to bone. Prolotherapy treatment sessions are generally given every two to six weeks for several months in a series ranging from 3 to 6 or more treatments.
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Due to commonalities in symptoms of P. juniperova and related Phomopsis blights, diagnosis can often be difficult. Although the observation of symptoms is the first step in identification of this pathogen, the presence of both alpha and beta spores in the pycnidium must be verified in order to confirm the existence of P. juniperova. Alpha spores are spherical spores active in host infection while beta spores, are long, narrow, stylospores, which do not play a part in disease contagion. Beta spores are rarely found in the wild, but proliferate when P. juniperova is grown on cultures of potato dextrose agar.
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In many cases (but not all), short-term avoidance of hypoglycemia reverses hypoglycemia unawareness in affected patients, although this is easier in theory than in clinical experience. In most cases, hypoglycemia is treated with sugary drinks or food. In severe cases, an injection of glucagon (a hormone with effects largely opposite to those of insulin) or an intravenous infusion of dextrose is used for treatment, but usually only if the person is unconscious. In any given incident, glucagon will only work once as it uses stored liver glycogen as a glucose source; in the absence of such stores, glucagon is largely ineffective.
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DTM plate on the right showing color change after two days' growth; Microsporum canis Dermatophyte test medium (DTM) is a specialized agar used in medical mycology. It is based on Sabouraud's dextrose agar with added cycloheximide to inhibit saprotrophic growth, antibiotic to inhibit bacterial growth, and phenol red a pH indicator. The pH indicator is useful in distinguishing a dermatophyte fungus, which utilizes nitrogenous material for preferred metabolism, producing alkaline by-products, imparting a red color change to the medium. Typical saprotrophic fungi utilize carbohydrates in the medium producing acidic by-products and no red color change.
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Caramel color is manufactured by heating carbohydrates, either alone or in the presence of acids, alkalis, and/or salts. Caramel color is produced from commercially available nutritive sweeteners consisting of fructose, dextrose (glucose), invert sugar, sucrose, malt syrup, molasses, starch hydrolysates, and fractions thereof. The acids that may be used are sulfuric, sulfurous, phosphoric, acetic, and citric acids; the alkalis are ammonium, sodium, potassium, and calcium hydroxides; and the salts are ammonium, sodium, and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate (including mono- and dibasic), sulfate, and bisulfite. Antifoaming agents, such as polyglycerol esters of fatty acids, may be used as processing aids during manufacture.
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Small instestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) - the patient is either given a challenge dose of glucose, also known as dextrose (75–100 grams), or lactulose (10 grams). A baseline breath sample is collected, and then additional samples are collected at 15 minute or 20 minute intervals for 2 hours. Positive diagnosis for a lactulose SIBO breath test - typically positive if the patient produces approximately 20 ppm of hydrogen and/or methane within the first 60–90 minutes (indicates bacteria in the small intestine), followed by a much larger peak (colonic response). This is also known as a biphasic pattern.
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Colonies are flat, smooth and distributed evenly with moderate aerial mycelium and a distinct edge. The colour is olivaceous-grey on the reverse side and paler on the surface when grown on Potato dextrose agar (PDA) and Malt Extract Agar (MEA) plates. The conidia of T. herbarum are typically 3-5 celled, dark brown or black colour and rough-walled with prickly or spiny ornamentation resembling a burned crust appearance. The apical cell is usually more lightly pigmented than the lower cells, and at maturity it tends to collapse inward forming a characteristic structure called a "corona (crown) cell".
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The Wonder Ball is a brand of chocolate manufactured in the United States by Nestlé and later by the Frankford Candy & Chocolate Company. The spherical candy, which weighs 3 grams, has an outer shell that is pure milk chocolate and a hollow interior containing candies. The wonder ball is wrapped in foil, placed in a small box, and packaged with a collectible sticker. There is also a version of the Wonder Ball called the Wonder Ball Plus Prize that contains a chocolate ball filled with tangy dextrose candy, stickers and a small capsule with a relevant toy inside.
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Three years later, the introduction by J.F. Loutit and Patrick L. Mollison of acid–citrate–dextrose (ACD) solution, which reduced the volume of anticoagulant, permitted transfusions of greater volumes of blood and allowed longer-term storage. Carl Walter and W.P. Murphy Jr. introduced the plastic bag for blood collection in 1950. Replacing breakable glass bottles with durable plastic bags made from PVC allowed for the evolution of a collection system capable of safe and easy preparation of multiple blood components from a single unit of whole blood. In the field of cancer surgery, the replacement of massive blood-loss became a major problem.
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It is also used in canned fruits wherein water and sucralose take the place of much higher calorie corn syrup-based additives. Sucralose mixed with maltodextrin or dextrose (both made from corn) as bulking agents is sold internationally by McNeil Nutritionals under the Splenda brand name. In the United States and Canada, this blend is increasingly found in restaurants, in yellow packets, in contrast to the blue packets commonly used by aspartame and the pink packets used by those containing saccharin sweeteners; in Canada, though, yellow packets are also associated with the SugarTwin brand of cyclamate sweetener.
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The most significant acute problem in childhood is a vulnerability to episodes of metabolic acidosis precipitated by minor illnesses. If a vomiting illness persists longer than 2–4 hours, the child should be seen and assessed for dehydration, acidosis, and hypoglycemia. If these are developing, intravenous fluids should be provided at a rate above maintenance. For mild acidosis, an effective fluid is 10% dextrose in ½ normal saline with 20 mEq/l KCl, but if acidosis is severe, 75–100 mEq/l and 20 mEq/l of K acetate can be substituted for the NaCl and KCl.
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In a trials of nitrogen utilization, T. polystichi was able to use ammonium chloride, ammonium citrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, dl-alpha alanine, l-arginine, dl-aspartic acid, l-glutamic acid, dl-histidine, and dl-valine. In trials of carbon utilization, T. polystichi was able to use dextrose, sucrose, maltose, melezitose, trehalose, dextrin, inulin, and mannitol. It was unable to use lactose, rhamnose, inositol, i-erythritol, xylose, and succinic acid. The ability to use mannitol and the inability to use xylose and succinic acid distinguished it from the other species tested.
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For Canadian markets, orange juice must be the fruit juice obtained from clean, sound, and mature oranges. The juice must also contain a minimum of 1.20 milliequivalents of free amino acids per 100 millilitres, contain a minimum of 115 milligrams of potassium per 10 milliliters, and possess a minimum absorbance value for total polyphenolics of 0.380. Sweeteners such as sugar, invert sugar, dextrose or glucose solids may be added. The orange juice must have a Brix reading of at least 9.7, excluding the sweetening ingredients, and contain between 0.5 and 1.8 percent of acid by weight calculated as anhydrous citric acid.
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Saksenaea vasiformis very rapidly grows in growth media, producing sterile hyphae. Induction of sporulation is difficult with routine fungal media used in the most of clinical laboratories, but it can be stimulated to sporulate rapidly (5 to 7 days) by incubating the yeast-malt-dextrose agar at 32 °C. The identification of this species is not problematic after sporulation event because of its characteristic flask-shaped sporangium with spherical venter and a distinct dome-shped columella and dichotomously branched rhizoid complex. On top of the venter, there is a neck with closed apex with a mucilaginous plug.
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TerraVia uses an innovative approach to grow microalgae, which allows the production process to be extremely efficient in terms of cost, scale, time, and sustainability. In contrast to common open pond and photo bioreactor approaches, TerraVia grows microalgae in the dark, inside huge stainless-steel containers. These enclosed fermentation tanks offer control, purity, and consistency for the fermentation process, as well as provide the opportunity for microalgae to be produced in a diversity of geographies and seasons. The algae can be fed a wide variety of renewable plant-based sugars, also known as feedstock flexible, and the potential feedstocks include sugarcane-based sucrose, corn-based dextrose, sugar beets, and green waste.
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Arthur Sarnoff His portfolio includes extensive commercial work for weekly magazines and his art appeared in a variety of advertising campaigns including Karo Syrup, Dextrose, Lucky Strike, Coors, Camay, Sal Hepatica, Listerine, Vick's Vapo Rub, Meds, and Ipana. He also made an album cover for the American punk band Butthole Surfers for their third album, Locust Abortion Technician, which portrays two clowns playing with a dog. During his career Sarnoff provided illustrations for McCall's, American Weekly, Collier's, Woman's Home Companion, Redbook, The American Magazine, Cosmopolitan, Esquire, and Good Housekeeping. His work was whimsical and engaging and relied heavily upon themes of Americana and slapstick humour.
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Since the Lewises main interest was microscopic cell structures, their objective was to create optically clear media, which led to the creation of the Locke-Lewis solution. This medium is composed of salt solutions supplemented with bouillon and dextrose. The tissue grown in this medium was prepared in a method that become known as the “Lewis Culture” where the tissue bits were put into a hanging drop on the underside of a thin glass slip. In the Locke-Lewis solution, the more robust cells, such as fibroblasts and macrophages, had a tendency to migrate out of the explant and flatten, making them easy to observe under high magnifications.
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Composition of the treatment should be considered, as fruit juice is typically higher in fructose which takes the body longer to metabolize than simple dextrose alone. Following treatment, symptoms should begin to improve within 5 to 10 minutes, although full recovery may take 10–20 minutes. Overtreatment does not speed recovery, and will simply produce hyperglycemia afterwards, which ultimately will need to be corrected. On the other hand, since the excess of insulin over the amount required to normalize blood sugar may continue to reduce blood sugar levels after treatment has produced an initial normalization, continued monitoring is required to determine if further treatment is necessary.
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As conidial morphology can vary depending not only on factors such as temperature, but also on the components of the growth medium, precision, and consistency in the production and use of growth media is important. potato dextrose agar (PDA) is widely used for growing Fusarium species, but its use is limited by the fact that sporulation can take up to two months on this medium. Peptone pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) medium, historically known as Nash medium, is considered the most effective selective medium for the fusaria. Although its formulation is now considered somewhat outdated, PCNB has historically been useful for the rapid distinction between different Fusarium species in soil samples.
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Macroscopic features of C. lunatus include brown to black colour, hairy, velvety or woolly texture, and loosely arranged and rapidly growing colonies on potato dextrose agar medium. Microscopically, there is great variety in the arrangement of the septate conidiophores, as they can be isolated or in groups, straight or bent, show simple or geniculate growth pattern, and varied in colour ranging from pale to dark brown. Conidiophore length can reach 650 μm and are often 5-9 μm wide, with swollen bases ranging from 10-15 μm in diameter. Conidia develop at the tips and sides of the spores and have a smooth texture.
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Growth of N. guarroi was observed at temperatures ranging from 15–37 °C with optimal growth noted at 30–35 °C. On bromocresol purple-milk solids-glucose (BCP-MS-G) agar no hydrolysis was observed for all species with the exception of N. guarroi UTHSC R-4317 (the species affecting humans).On BCP-MS-G agar alkalisation was observed for all strains whereas acidification was not. All strains produced hemolysis on blood agar and showed lipolytic activity, the four strains associated with reptile dermatomycosis showed no growth on sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) with 3% NaCl and on SDA with 5% NaCl growth was scarce.
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In the United States, orange juice is regulated and standardized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. According to the FDA, orange juice from concentrate is a mixture of water with frozen concentrated orange juice or concentrated orange juice for manufacturing. Additional ingredients into the mixture may include fresh/frozen/pasteurized orange juice from mature oranges, orange oil, and orange pulp. Furthermore, one or more of the following optional sweetening ingredients may be added: sugar, sugar syrup, invert sugar, invert sugar syrup, dextrose, corn syrup, dried corn syrup, glucose syrup, and dried glucose syrup.
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It will give a positive result for aldose monosaccharides (due to the oxidisable aldehyde group) but also for ketose monosaccharides, as they are converted to aldoses by the base in the reagent, and then give a positive result.Fehling's Test for Reducing Sugars Fehling's can be used to screen for glucose in urine, thus detecting diabetes. Another use is in the breakdown of starch to convert it to glucose syrup and maltodextrins in order to measure the amount of reducing sugar, thus revealing the dextrose equivalent (DE) of the starch sugar. Formic acid (HCO2H) also gives a positive Fehling's test result, as it does with Tollens' test and Benedict's test also.
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In 2017, the listed ingredients for Spatini spaghetti sauce include salt, sugar, onion, potato starch, spices (including red pepper, turmeric, black pepper), corn maltodextrin, garlic, beet (color), dextrose, yeast extract, guar gum, and carrot. In the 1980s, Spatini spaghetti sauce listed ingredients as sugar, salt, dehydrated onion, potato starch, spices, natural flavors (contains dairy), garlic powder, maltodextrin, beet powder (for color), autolyzed yeast extract, and guar gum. The ingredients in earlier versions of Spatini spaghetti sauce were listed as sugar, salt, dehydrated onions, potato starch, spices and herbs, artificial color (beet and carrot powder), egg white powder, whey, monosodium glutamate (flavor enhancer), natural flavor, and vegetable gum.
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Primary care paramedics (PCP) are the entry-level of paramedic practice in Canadian provinces. The scope of practice includes performing semi-automated external defibrillation, interpretation of 4-lead ECGs, administration of Symptom Relief Medications for a variety of emergency medical conditions (these include oxygen, epinephrine, dextrose, glucagon, salbutamol, ASA and nitroglycerine), performing trauma immobilization (including cervical immobilization), and other fundamental basic medical care. Primary Care Paramedics may also receive additional training in order to perform certain skills that are normally in the scope of practice of Advanced Care Paramedics. This is regulated both provincially (by statute) and locally (by the medical director), and ordinarily entails an aspect of medical oversight by a specific body or group of physicians.
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EMT (Emergency Medical Technician) is the next level of EMS certification, and is considered the most common entry level of training. The procedures and skills allowed at this level include bleeding control, management of burns, splinting of suspected fractures and spinal injuries, childbirth, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, semi-automatic defibrillation, oral suctioning, insertion of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways, pulse oximetry, blood glucose monitoring, auscultation of lung sounds, and administration of a limited set of medications (including oxygen, epinephrine, dextrose, nalaxone, albuterol, ipratropium bromide, glucagon, nitroglycerin, nitrous oxide, and acetylsalicylic acid). Some areas may add to the scope of practice, including intravenous access, insertion of supraglottic airway devices and CPAP. Training requirements and treatment protocols vary from area to area.
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The final carbohydrate mix of brown rice syrups can be controlled and adjusted by the manufacturer. The enzymes used in the liquefaction step are usually alpha- amylases derived from bacterial or fungal bioreactors (Bacillus species or Aspergillus species are the most commonly used microbe engines in the bioreactors). These convert starch into dextrins of various molecular sizes and the modified starch end product is usually given an appropriate DE (dextrose equivalent) rating to signify the degree of starch conversion and the amount of reducing sugars produced in the process. The enzymes used in the saccharification step are the amylolytic enzyme, beta-amylase (usually derived from Bacillus species) and the debranching enzyme, pullulanase (derived from Aerobacter species).
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No other ingredients are used. In Germany, particularly the Rhineland area, this sugar beet syrup (called Zuckerrüben-Sirup or Zapp in German) is used as a spread for sandwiches, as well as for sweetening sauces, cakes and desserts. Commercially, if the syrup has a dextrose equivalency (DE) above 30, the product has to be hydrolyzed and converted to a high-fructose syrup, much like high-fructose corn syrup, or isoglucose syrup in the EU. Many road authorities in North America use desugared beet molasses as de-icing or anti-icing products in winter control operations. The molasses can be used directly, combined with liquid chlorides and applied to road surfaces, or used to treat the salt spread on roads.
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In 2014, Chocolat Frey North America headquartered in Buffalo/NY, acquired SweetWorks Confections LLC and its manufacturing facilities in Buffalo and Toronto. SweetWorks offers a variety of chocolate, confections, and gum products under the following brand names: Chocolat Frey®, Sixlets®, Celebration by Frey™, Ovation by Frey™, Niagara by Frey™, and Bubble King®. SweetWorks Confections began in 1956 as Niagara Candy & Ice Cream in Buffalo, NY. The company was family owned and operated as such for over 50 years. As business grew, Niagara Chocolates acquired Oak Leaf Confections in 1998 expanding its capabilities to include an additional production facility in Toronto, ONT which allowed entry into further confections categories including Sixlets, gumballs and dextrose.
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Gillespie has published and promoted a number of books in the self-help genre. Sweet Poison, Why Sugar Makes Us Fat is Gillespie's first book which tells the story of how and why he stopped eating sugar. This was followed by the publication of The Sweet Poison Quit Plan, the 'how to' supplement to Sweet Poison; The Sweet Poison Quit Plan Cookbook, a supplementary book of recipes for sweets made with dextrose instead of fructose and The No Sugar Recipe Book, which is a re- publication of the cookbook under a different title. Several Sugar Free Shopper's Guides were first published in 2014 and updated in 2016, for the Australian, North American and British markets.
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After his return to Los Angeles, he became known for his saxophone duels with fellow tenorman Wardell Gray, which were a popular concert attraction documented in recordings made between 1947 and 1952 (The Hunt, Move, The Chase, The Steeplechase). The Hunt gained literary fame from its mention in Jack Kerouac's On The Road, which also contains descriptions of wild tenormen jamming in Los Angeles. Cherokee, Byas a Drink, and Disorder at the Border are other live recordings of the Gray/Gordon duo from the same concert as The Hunt. In December 1947, Gordon recorded again with the Savoy label (Settin' the Pace, So Easy, Dexter's Riff, Dextrose, Dexter's Mood, Index, Dextivity, Wee Dot, Lion Roars).
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Alfieri et al. were able to isolate five species of fungi in 1967 from the stems and leaves, but failed to isolate any of the fungi from the cankered stems on the media they were using, potato dextrose agar. They reported that the disease appeared to implicate species tentatively identified as Physalospora and Macrophoma, but also isolated the fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and a Sphaeropsis species from the infected tissue. They attempted to reproduce the infections by spraying the isolates, as well as pulverised stem and leaf litter, on seedlings grown in greenhouses from unaffected ornamental trees in local parks, but their experiments failed to induce the disease in their seedlings.
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If the blood glucose level falls to dangerously low levels (as during very heavy exercise or lack of food for extended periods), the alpha cells of the pancreas release glucagon, a hormone which travels through the blood to the liver, where it binds to glucagon receptors on the surface of liver cells and stimulates them to break down glycogen stored inside the cells into glucose (this process is called glycogenolysis). The cells release the glucose into the bloodstream, increasing blood sugar levels. Hypoglycemia, the state of having low blood sugar, is treated by restoring the blood glucose level to normal by the ingestion or administration of dextrose or carbohydrate foods. It is often self-diagnosed and self-medicated orally by the ingestion of balanced meals.
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Splenda usually contains 95% dextrose (D-glucose) and maltodextrin (by volume) which the body readily metabolizes, combined with a small amount of mostly indigestible sucralose. Sucralose is made by replacing three select hydrogen-oxygen groups on sucrose (table sugar) molecules with three chlorine atoms. The tightly bound chlorine atoms create a molecular structure that is stable under intense conditions. Sucralose itself is recognized as safe to ingest as a diabetic sugar substitute, but the sugars or other carbohydrates used as bulking agents in Splenda products should be evaluated individually. The recommended amount of sucralose that can be consumed on a daily basis over a person's lifetime without any adverse effects is 900 mg/kg BW/day, or about 60 g for a 70 kg (150 lb) person.
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Though sucralose contains no calories, products that contain fillers, such as maltodextrin and/or dextrose, add about 2–4 calories per teaspoon or individual packet, depending on the product, the fillers used, brand, and the intended use of the product.Filipic, Martha Chow Line: Sucralose sweet for calorie-counters (for 10/3/04) Ohio State Human Nutrition article on sucralose The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows for any product containing fewer than five calories per serving to be labeled as "zero calories". One study suggests that artificial sweeteners may not fully activate the brain's "food reward pathways" as sugar does, stating that, because sweetener does not provide full satisfaction, the user may search for, and then eat, additional high-calorie foods leading to weight gain.
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Another important breakthrough came in 1939–40 when Karl Landsteiner, Alex Wiener, Philip Levine, and R.E. Stetson discovered the Rhesus blood group system, which was found to be the cause of the majority of transfusion reactions up to that time. Three years later, the introduction by J.F. Loutit and Patrick L. Mollison of acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) solution, which reduced the volume of anticoagulant, permitted transfusions of greater volumes of blood and allowed longer term storage. Carl Walter and W.P. Murphy, Jr. introduced the plastic bag for blood collection in 1950. Replacing breakable glass bottles with durable plastic bags allowed for the evolution of a collection system capable of safe and easy preparation of multiple blood components from a single unit of whole blood.
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Other examples of added sugars, especially ones that can be listed as an ingredient, include brown sugar, corn sweetener, corn syrup, dextrose, fructose, glucose, high fructose corn syrup, honey, invert sugar, lactose, malt syrup, maltose, molasses, raw sugar, sucrose, trehalose, and turbinado sugar. The added sugar content is associated with several health concerns like weight gain, obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, dental implications, and gout. Naturally occurring sugars, such as those in fruit or milk, are not added sugars. Even though there are several beverages/drinks that have sugar in them, some beverages, such as milk, fruit juice, and diet drinks, fall into a "gray" area because of different contributions to health and weight gain is more complex.
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He says there are about forty essential ingredients in the human diet: at least ten of the 22 amino acids, four vitamins (A, D, E, K) that are fat-soluble, nine water-soluble vitamins (C, and various B vitamins), one fatty acid, dextrose, at least thirteen minerals, water, and oxygen. In his article, he pictures five food groups. First among them is dairy, with the label, "Our best all around food...." and Two years before he died, he and his wife attended the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the National Dairy Council. He then traveled to Atlantic City, New Jersey, where he attended the first awarding of the McCollum Award by what is today the American Society for Nutrition, sponsored by the National Dairy Council.
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Free sugars are defined by the World Health Organization and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization in multiple reports as "all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to foods by the manufacturer, cook, or consumer, plus sugars naturally present in honey, syrups, and fruit juices".Diet, nutrition and the prevention of dental diseases, Public Health Nutrition: 7(1A), 201–226 The term is used to distinguish between the sugars that are naturally present in fully unrefined carbohydrates such as brown rice, wholewheat pasta, fruit, etc. and those sugars (or carbohydrates) that have been, to some extent, refined (normally by humans but sometimes by animals, such as the sugars in honey). They are referred to as "sugars" since they cover multiple chemical forms, including sucrose, glucose, fructose, dextrose, etc.
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Some phialides on widely-spaced branches are flask- shaped, resembling a wine bottle, whereas some tend to have a very swollen middle when in dense clusters or "pseudo-whorls". T. koningii typically produces smooth and ellipsoidal (egg-shaped) conidia, with a mean length of 4.1-4.3 µm, that aggregates in a slimy green mass at the tip of the phialides. The chlamydospores are pale brown, globe-like in shape, and are located at terminal and intercalary positions on the hyphae. In culture, colonies display rapid growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA), as cream-coloured in the beginning but later turns green because of sporulation. T. koningii grows at an optimum temperature of 25 °C in darkness, producing white mycelium with a radius of 50–60 mm.
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An opened 1941 B unit with contents: cellophane wrapped chocolate fudge, 3 biscuits, 3 pressed sugar cubes, small tin of soluble (instant) coffeeThe B-unit (bread and dessert portion) contained several calorie-dense crackers, 3 sugar tablets, 3 dextrose energy tablets, and a packet or small can of beverage mix (instant coffee, powdered synthetic lemon drink, containing the rations' main source of vitamin C; or bouillon soup powder). Later revisions added orange drink powder (1944), sweetened cocoa powder (1944), and grape drink powder (1945), all enriched with Vitamin C, to the list of beverages. In 1941, the energy tablets were replaced with loose candy, such as candy-coated peanuts or raisins, Charms hard candy, or Brachs chocolate or vanilla caramels. Due to spoilage, the loose candy was replaced in 1944 with a chocolate disk (e.g.
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A University of Idaho study compared biodegradation rates of biodiesel, neat vegetable oils, biodiesel and petroleum diesel blends, and neat 2-D diesel fuel. Using low concentrations of the product to be degraded (10 ppm) in nutrient and sewage sludge amended solutions, they demonstrated that biodiesel degraded at the same rate as a dextrose control and 5 times as quickly as petroleum diesel over a period of 28 days, and that biodiesel blends doubled the rate of petroleum diesel degradation through co-metabolism. The same study examined soil degradation using 10 000 ppm of biodiesel and petroleum diesel, and found biodiesel degraded at twice the rate of petroleum diesel in soil. In all cases, it was determined biodiesel also degraded more completely than petroleum diesel, which produced poorly degradable undetermined intermediates.
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After a final check of the weather reports for Germany and the North Sea, Hess took off at 17:45 on 10 May 1941 from the airfield at Augsburg-Haunstetten in his specially prepared aircraft. It was the last of several attempts to depart on his mission; previous efforts had to be called off due to mechanical problems or poor weather. Wearing a leather flying suit bearing the rank of captain, he brought along a supply of money and toiletries, a torch, a camera, maps and charts, and a collection of 28 different medicines, as well as dextrose tablets to help ward off fatigue and an assortment of homeopathic remedies. Initially setting a course towards Bonn, Hess used landmarks on the ground to orient himself and make minor course corrections.
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Balcı, trained in biology, finds her samples in tree bark and soil from her backyard, and sometimes collaborates with her plant pathologist husband for colorful natural material, and stores her specimens in the refrigerator in test tubes. In recent years, Balcı has moved from boards to framed works, and uses Yupo paper as a support, which can withstand the mold growth and emphasizes the texture of her medium. After sterilizing her Yupo paper, she coats it in potato dextrose agar to feed the colonies, and waits one to two months for her composition to grow. Although she has used the term "living" to describe her works, she no longer exhibits living specimens—instead she allows them to dry out and prevents new growth with a layer of acrylic.
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Because the salt has a purer flavor due to the lack of metallic or bitter-tasting additives such as iodine, fluoride or dextrose, it is often used in the kitchen instead of additive- containing table salt. Estimating the amount of salt when salting by hand can also be easier due to the larger grain size. Some recipes specifically call for volume measurement of kosher/kitchen salt, which for some brands weighs less per measure due to its lower density and is therefore less salty than an equal volume measurement of table salt; recipes which call for a specified weight of salt are more consistent. Different brands of salt vary dramatically in density; for one brand the same volume measure may contain twice as much salt (by mass) as for another brand.
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New World wines—those made outside the traditional wine regions of Europe—are usually classified by grape rather than by terroir or region of origin, although there have been unofficial attempts to classify them by quality. According to Canadian Food and Drug Regulations, wine in Canada is an alcoholic drink that is produced by the complete or partial alcoholic fermentation of fresh grapes, grape must, products derived solely from fresh grapes, or any combination of them. There are many materials added during the course of the manufacture, such as yeast, concentrated grape juice, dextrose, fructose, glucose or glucose solids, invert sugar, sugar, or aqueous solutions. Calcium sulphate in such quantity that the content of soluble sulphates in the finished wine shall not exceed 0.2 per cent weight by volume calculated as potassium sulphate.
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The energy content of a single-serving (1 g packet) of Splenda is 3.36 kcal, which is 31% of a single-serving (2.8 g packet) of granulated sugar (10.8 kcal). In the United States, it is legally labelled "zero calories";USDA Nutrient Data Laboratory Database United States Department of Agriculture U.S. FDA regulations allow this "if the food contains less than 5 Calories per reference amount customarily consumed and per labeled serving".Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Volume 2, Pg. 95 – 101.60 U.S. Food and Drug Administration 3.2 packets (3.36 kcal each) of Splenda contain the same caloric content as one packet of sugar (10.8 kcal). Further, Splenda contains a relatively small amount of sucralose, little of which is metabolized; virtually all of Splenda's caloric content derives from the dextrose or highly fluffed maltodextrin "bulking agents" that give Splenda its volume.
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Sucralose is used in many food and beverage products because it is a no-calorie sweetener, does not promote dental cavities, is safe for consumption by diabetics and nondiabetics,FAP 7A3987, 16 August 1996. pp. 1–357. A 12-week study of the effect of sucralose on glucose homeostasis and HbA1c in normal healthy volunteers, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA and does not affect insulin levels, although the powdered form of sucralose-based sweetener product Splenda (as most other powdered sucralose products) contains 95% (by volume) bulking agents dextrose and maltodextrin that do affect insulin levels. Sucralose is used as a replacement for, or in combination with, other artificial or natural sweeteners such as aspartame, acesulfame potassium or high-fructose corn syrup. Sucralose is used in products such as candy, breakfast bars and soft drinks.
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The following year Hofman's influence had secured O'Sullivan the post of assistant brewer and chemist to Messrs. Bass & Co. at Burton-on-Trent, Staffordshire, a major centre for English brewing. At Bass he applied his chemical knowledge and aptitude for original research to the scientific and practical issues of brewing and ultimately became head of the scientific and analytical staff of the company, a post he held for the rest of his career. His researches were communicated via a series of papers to the Chemical Society. They included On the Transformation Products of Starch (1872 and 1879); On Maltose (1876); On the Action of Malt Extract on Starch (1876); Presence of Raffinose in Barley (1886); Researches on the Gums of the Arabin Group (1884 and 1891); Invertase: a Contribution to the History of an Enzyme (with F. W. Tompson, 1890) and The Identity of Dextrose from Different Sources, with Special Reference to the Cupric Oxide Reducing Power (with A. L. Stern, 1896).
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Treatment of some forms of hypoglycemia, such as in diabetes, involves immediately raising the blood sugar to normal through the eating of carbohydrates such as sugars, determining the cause, and taking measures to hopefully prevent future episodes. However, this treatment is not optimal in other forms, such as reactive hypoglycemia, where rapid carbohydrate ingestion may lead to a further hypoglycemic episode. Blood glucose can be raised to normal within minutes by taking (or receiving) 10–20 g of carbohydrate. It can be taken as food or drink if the person is conscious and able to swallow. This amount of carbohydrate is contained in about 3–4 ounces (100–120 ml) of orange, apple, or grape juice, although fruit juices contain a higher proportion of fructose, which is more slowly metabolized than pure dextrose. Alternatively, about 4–5 ounces (120–150 ml) of regular (not sugar-free) soda may also work, as will about one slice of bread, about four crackers, or about one serving of most starchy foods.
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Manax postulated that hyperbaric oxygen might work either by inhibiting metabolism or by aiding diffusion of oxygen into the kidney cells, but he reported no control experiments to determine whether other aspects of his model were more important than hyperbaria. A marked improvement in storage times was achieved by Belzer in 1967 when he reported successful 72-hour kidney storage after returning to the use of continuous perfusion using a canine plasma based perfusate at 8-12 °C. Belzer found that the crucial factor in permitting uncomplicated 72-hour perfusion was cryoprecipitation of the plasma used in the perfusate to reduce the amount of unstable lipo-proteins which otherwise precipitated out of solution and progressively obstructed the kidney's vascular system. A membrane oxygenator was also used in the system in a further attempt to prevent denaturation of the lipo-proteins because only 35% of the lipo-proteins were removed by cryo- precipitation. The perfusate comprised 1 litre of canine plasma, 4 mEq of magnesium sulphate, 250 ml of dextrose, 80 units of insulin, 200,000 units of penicillin and 100 mg of hydrocortisone.
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In response, McNeil Nutritionals, along with an expert panel that included scientists from Duke University, Rutgers University, New York Medical College, Harvard School of Public Health, and Columbia University reported in Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology that the Duke study was "not scientifically rigorous and is deficient in several critical areas that preclude reliable interpretation of the study results". The other ingredients in Splenda—dextrose and maltodextrin—are listed as generally recognized as safe because of their long history of safe consumption. Sucralose may not be completely biologically inert, and a study showed that cooking with sucralose at high temperatures could cause it to degrade into potentially toxic compounds. However, only a very small amount (approximately 2–8% of sucralose consumed) is metabolized by the body, on average,Michael A. Friedman, Lead Deputy Commissioner for the FDA, Food Additives Permitted for Direct Addition to Food for Human Consumption; Sucralose Federal Register: 21 CFR Part 172, Docket No. 87F-0086, April 3, 1998 and the amount of sucralose present in Splenda is slight.
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