It sparked tariffs on foreign-made brandy, dextrin, potato starch and vehicles -- specifically, light trucks, such as pickups.
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It imposed tariffs on brandy, a popular French export, and dextrin and potato starch to hit the Dutch.
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The drink, which has no calories or sugar in it, contains 5 grams of indigestible dextrin, providing dietary fibre to your system.
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While tariffs Johnson introduced on other goods (potato starch, brandy, and dextrin) were dropped, the restriction on trucks has persisted over the past half-century and helped US automakers hold a dominant market share on truck sales.
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However, as my ability to prevent constipation has diminished with age, I've added two other over-the-counter aids: a daily soluble fiber supplement of psyllium dissolved in juice or water (other fiber products like methyl cellulose, calcium polycarbophil and wheat dextrin can also be effective) and a twice-daily dose of a stool softener, both of which can safely be used indefinitely.
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Amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase (, amylo-1,6-glucosidase, dextrin 6-alpha-D- glucosidase, amylopectin 1,6-glucosidase, dextrin-1,6-glucosidase, glycogen phosphorylase-limit dextrin alpha-1,6-glucohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name glycogen phosphorylase-limit dextrin 6-alpha-glucohydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction : Hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen This enzyme hydrolyses an unsubstituted (1->4)-linked glucose chain.
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Limit dextrinase (, R-enzyme, amylopectin-1,6-glucosidase, dextrin alpha-1,6-glucanohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name dextrin 6-alpha- glucanohydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D- glucosidic linkages in alpha- and beta-limits dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen,in amylopectin and pullulan.
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Some common examples are carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cationic and anionic hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), modified starch, and dextrin.
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The amylopsin likewise in the pancreatic secretion acts upon the starch and dextrin, changing them to maltose.
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Gouache paint is similar to watercolor, however modified to make it opaque. Just as in watercolor, the binding agent has traditionally been gum arabic but since the late nineteenth century cheaper varieties use yellow dextrin. When the paint is sold as a paste, e.g. in tubes, the dextrin has usually been mixed with an equal volume of water.
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This characteristic branching distinguishes a dextran from a dextrin, which is a straight chain glucose polymer tethered by α-1,4 or α-1,6 linkages.
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Isomaltase () is an enzyme that breaks the bonds linking saccharides, which cannot be broken by amylase or maltase. It digests polysaccharides at the alpha 1-6 linkages. Its substrate, alpha-limit dextrin, is a product of amylopectin digestion that retains its 1-6 linkage (its alpha 1-4 linkages having already been broken down by amylase). The product of the enzymatic digestion of alpha-limit dextrin by isomaltase is maltose.
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Corynebacterium efficiens is a thermotolerant, glutamic acid-producing (from dextrin) species of bacteria from soil and vegetables. Its type strain is YS-314T (= AJ 12310T = JCM 11189T = DSM 44549T).
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The spraying converts the liquid to small drops (up to several hundred μm (micrometers) in diameter), and the heat causes the hydrous dextrin to form a film. When the film dries, the drop becomes a microcapsule containing alcohol and dextrin. Before and after drying, comparing the amounts of water and alcohol, about 90% of water is removed and about 10% of ethyl alcohol is lost. One of the reasons which are considered, is the following.
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A similar product to the rice-dextrin (modified starch) produced by this step is often sold under the name of malto- dextrin, but this commercial product often employs corn or wheat flour as the ingredient rather than rice. The rice-dextrin solution then undergoes a further heat-assisted saccharification step involving the addition of further enzyme isolates, which convert the complex carbohydrates (rice-dextrins) into a solution rich in the simple carbohydrate maltose. The solution is then partially evaporated by boiling, until the final desired water content of the syrup is achieved. Brown rice syrup generated by this process is protein, fibre (hemicellulose) and lipid free and usually consists of 65–85% maltose, 10–15% maltotriose, 5–20% dextrins and only 2–3% glucose.
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Co- binders, or thickeners, are generally water-soluble polymers that influence the paper's color viscosity, water retention, sizing, and gloss. Some common examples are carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cationic and anionic hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), modified starch, and dextrin. Styrene butadiene latex, Styrene acrylic, dextrin, oxidized starch are used in coatings to bind the filler to the paper. Co-binders are natural products such as starch and CMC (Carboxymethyl cellulose), that are used along with the synthetic binders, like styrene acrylic or styrene butadiene.
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Pepsi Special is a cola flavored soft drink offered in Japan from PepsiCo that contains Dextrin. Suntory, the manufacturer of the beverage claims that the dextrin in the drink suppresses the absorption of fat. The Government of Japan stated that Pepsi Special can benefit those who wish to fight issues with blood pressure or high cholesterol. The drink is not available in the United States, and PepsiCo may soon face legal challenges from the US Food and Drug Administration regarding sales in the US.
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Natural adhesives are made from organic sources such as vegetable starch (dextrin), natural resins, or animals (e.g. the milk protein caseinCCMR – Ask A Scientist! and hide-based animal glues). These are often referred to as bioadhesives.
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Isomaltase helps amylase to digest alpha-limit dextrin to produce maltose. The human sucrase- isomaltase is a dual-function enzyme with two GH31 domains, one serving as the isomaltase, the other as a sucrose alpha-glucosidase.
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In enzymology, a 4-alpha-glucanotransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes a chemical reaction that transfers a segment of a 1,4-alpha-D-glucan to a new position in an acceptor carbohydrate, which may be glucose or a 1,4-alpha-D- glucan. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1,4-alpha-D-glucan:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glycosyltransferase. Other names in common use include disproportionating enzyme, dextrin glycosyltransferase, D-enzyme, debranching enzyme maltodextrin glycosyltransferase, amylomaltase, and dextrin transglycosylase.
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Glycogen storage disease type III is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder and inborn error of metabolism (specifically of carbohydrates) characterized by a deficiency in glycogen debranching enzymes. It is also known as Cori's disease in honor of the 1947 Nobel laureates Carl Cori and Gerty Cori. Other names include Forbes disease in honor of clinician Gilbert Burnett Forbes (1915–2003), an American physician who further described the features of the disorder, or limit dextrinosis, due to the limit dextrin-like structures in cytosol. Limit dextrin is the remaining polymer produced after hydrolysis of glycogen.
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The designations mean that the product contains respectively 75 and 100 kcals per 100 ml. Both are very high in energy, fat, and protein, and provide a large amount of nutrients. Ingredients include concentrated milk powder, food oil (sometimes grease), and dextrin vitamin complexes.
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Disproportionation is very similar to coupling, but the cleaved dextrin is not a cyclodextrin, but a linear oligosaccharide that is then joined to a second oligosaccharide. CGTase also has a weak hydrolyzing activity which consists in cleaving the longer polysaccharidic chains into shorter fragments.
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The Chicken Tax is a 25 percent tariff on light trucks (and originally on potato starch, dextrin, and brandy) imposed in 1964 by the United States under President Lyndon B. Johnson in response to tariffs placed by France and West Germany on importation of U.S. chicken. The period from 1961–1964 of tensions and negotiations surrounding the issue was known as the "Chicken War," taking place at the height of Cold War politics. Eventually, the tariffs on potato starch, dextrin, and brandy were lifted, but since 1964 this form of protectionism has remained in place to give U.S. domestic automakers an advantage over competition (e.g., from Japan, Turkey, China, and Thailand).
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Coca-Cola Fiber+ or "Coca-Cola plus" is a diet variant of the soft drink Coca- Cola with added dietary fiber in the form of dextrin. It was developed by Coca-Cola Asia Pacific and launched locally in Japan during March 2017. The soft drink has been approved by the Japanese FOSHU as a functional beverage and is meant to serve as an option for health-conscious consumers who have varying desires when it comes to beverages, such as sweetened/non-sweetened, more/less caffeinated, or in the case of Coca-Cola Fiber+ more fiber. These health claims are disputed as exaggerating the positive effects of consuming dextrin.
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Listed in decreasing order by weight: sugar, corn syrup, partially hydrogenated palm kernel oil, whey (milk), malted milk (barley malt, wheat flour, milk, salt, sodium bicarbonate), cocoa, 2% or less of: resinous glaze, sorbitan tristearate, soy lecithin, salt, natural and artificial flavors, calcium carbonate, tapioca dextrin.
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In 2014, an article on the website PopSci.com published instructions on how to make pulverized alcohol easily, through a simple mixture of alcohol and dextrin. In this method, the powder is not encapsulated, and also not yet fully dried. Consequently, alcohol continues to evaporate from it very rapidly.
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In enzymology, a dextrin dextranase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :(1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n + (1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl)m \rightleftharpoons (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n-1 + (1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl)m+1 Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n and (1,6-alpha- D-glucosyl)m, whereas its two products are (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n-1 and (1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl)m+1. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1,4-alpha-D-glucan:1,6-alpha-D-glucan 6-alpha-D- glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include dextrin 6-glucosyltransferase, and dextran dextrinase.
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This will enable selective delivery of anticancer conjugates. A natural polymer dextrin and pendant chain polyacetals, have shown ability of pH-dependent degradation after incorporation into cell compartments. Also diethylstilboestrol (DES) conjugates can undergo pH-dependent degradation. Polymer-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (PDEPT) is an example of two-step anticancer treatment.
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Light stimulates the elongation of conidiophores in A. clavatus. And the more favourable C sources include starch, dextrin, glycogen and especially fructose. Substantial degree of lipid synthesis occurs, whereas cellulose and usnic acid are degraded. A. clavatus also produces riboflavin, ribonuclease, acid phosphodiesterase and acid phosphatase when in liquid culture.
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Cadexomer iodine is an iodophor that is produced by the reaction of dextrin with epichlorhydrin coupled with ion-exchange groups and iodine. It is a water-soluble modified starch polymer containing 0.9% iodine, calculated on a weight-weight basis, within a helical matrix.Merck Index, 14th Edition, p262 Merck & Co. Inc.
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Pages in a book damaged by silverfish that consumed portions of it. Silverfish consume matter that contains polysaccharides, such as starches and dextrin in adhesives. These include book bindings, carpet, clothing, coffee, dandruff, glue, hair, some paints, paper, photos, plaster, and sugar. They will damage wallpaper in order to consume the paste.
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Lead azide is prepared by the reaction of sodium azide and lead nitrate in aqueous solution. Lead acetate can also be used. Thickeners such as dextrin or polyvinyl alcohol are often added to the solution to stabilize the precipitated product. In fact, it is normally shipped in a dextrinated solution that lowers its sensitivity.
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John Harvey Kellogg developed and marketed a wide variety of vegetarian foods. Many of them were meant to be suitable for an invalid diet, and were intentionally made easy to chew and to digest. Starchy foods such as grains were ground and baked, to promote the conversion of starch into dextrin. Nuts were ground and boiled or steamed.
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In addition, starch is processed to modified starch in order to change material properties. The modified starches have a wide range of applications in many industries. Applications of starch in non-food sectors include: production of dextrin and adhesives, drilling fluids, biodegradable plastics, gypsum binders and many other. In addition modified starches are used as emulsion stabilizers.
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All of the CGTases can catalyze up to four reactions: cyclization, coupling, disproportionation and hydrolysis. All these activities share the same catalytic mechanism which is common to all glycosyl-hydrolases. Cyclization is the process through which a linear polysaccharidic chain is cleaved and the two ends of the cleaved fragment are joined to produce a circular dextrin (cyclodextrin or CD): on the basis of the number of sugar residues this circular product is made of three main type of cyclodextrins can be distinguished, α-CD with six residues, β-CD with seven residues and γ-CD with eight residues. The coupling reaction can be easily described as the reverse process of cyclization: the enzyme cleaves a cyclodextrin to produce a linear dextrin which is subsequently joined to a linear oligosaccharide.
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Corn syrup, sometimes known as glucose syrup, is a syrup containing dextrin, maltose, and dextrose. Partial hydrolysis of cornstarch obtains it. Corn syrup is important in the production of marshmallow because it prevents the crystallization of other sugars (like sucrose). It may also contribute body, reduce sweetness, and alter flavor release, depending on the Dextrose Equivalent (DE) of the glucose syrup used.
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Concentrated sulfuric acid dissolves dry glucose without blackening at room temperature forming sugar sulfuric acid. In a yeast solution, alcoholic fermentation produces carbon dioxide in the ratio of 2.0454 molecules of glucose to one molecule of CO2. Glucose forms a black mass with stannous chloride. In an ammoniacal silver solution, glucose (as well as lactose and dextrin) leads to the deposition of silver.
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Original Extra Strong lozenges contain sugar, liquorice extract, menthol, eucalyptus oil, dextrin, tragacanth, and capsicum tincture. The sugar-free versions of the lozenges contain sorbitol, aspartame, menthol, vegetable-sourced sucralose, and acesulfame K. Often they have anti-caking agents added such as magnesium stearate. Each different flavour has unique ingredients. For example, the blackcurrant flavour variant includes elderberry juice extract.
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For example an endoamylase would break down large amylose molecules into shorter dextrin chains. On the other hand, an exoenzyme removes subunits from the polymer one at a time from one end; in effect it can only act at the end ponts of a polymer. An exoamylase would therefore remove one glucose molecule at a time from the end of an amylose molecule.
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Perkins Paste was an Australian brand of adhesive. Although not designed specifically for children, its quick drying, non-toxic formula made it safe for school use. The glue was sold commonly in small, 60-gram, fuchsia- coloured, cylindrical plastic tubs with white plastic lids that incorporated the flat, spatula-like applicator. The paste was a thick white solid paste, made from boiled potato dextrin.
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Penicillium spinulosum is found world-wide, and is most commonly isolated from soil. P. spinulosum has also been isolated from dextrin paste, distilled water containers, cotton yarn, walnut kernels, chrome tanned leather, vinyl wall covering, paracetamol tablet, diesel fuel and emulsion paint treated with chromate. P. spinulosumis highly resistant to heavy metals, tannins and acids, and can be isolated from substrata contaminated by those materials.
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Treponema socranskii differs from others in the genus due, in part, to its metabolism. T. socranskii is able to ferment compounds that others are not able to do so. The compounds that it can metabolize are arabinose, dextrin, fructose, galactose, glucose, glycogen, maltose, mannose, pectin, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, starch, sucrose, trehalose, and xylose. The fermentation products are acetic, lactic, and succinic acid, with formic acid as a minor product.
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Icodextrin is a starch- derived, branched, water-soluble glucose polymer linked by α-(1→4) and less than 10% α-(1→6) glycosidic bonds, making it a type of dextrin. Its weight- average molecular weight is between 13,000 and 19,000 Daltons and its number- average molecular weight between 5,000 and 6,500 Daltons. The substance is a white to off-white solid, and the solution is clear and colourless to pale yellow.
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Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates are produced by the partial hydrolysis of starch – most often corn starch, but also potato starch or wheat starch. This creates dextrins (glucose and short glucose chains). The hydrolyzed starch (dextrin) then undergoes hydrogenation to convert the dextrins to sugar alcohols. Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates are similar to sorbitol: if the starch is completely hydrolyzed so that only single glucose molecules remain, then after hydrogenation the result is sorbitol.
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Staff is a kind of artificial stone used for covering and ornamenting temporary buildings. A staff facade from the 1904 World's Fair, the entrance to an entertainment concession on The Pike. Staff is chiefly made of powdered gypsum or plaster of Paris, with a little cement, glycerin, and dextrin, mixed with water until it is about as thick as molasses. When staff is cast in molds it can form any shape.
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Carbohydrate-binding module family 48 (CBM48) is often found in enzymes containing glycosyl hydrolase family 13 catalytic domains. It is found in a range of enzymes that act on branched substrates i.e. isoamylase, pullulanase and branching enzyme. Isoamylase hydrolyses 1,6-alpha- D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen, amylopectin and dextrin; 1,4-alpha- glucan branching enzyme functions in the formation of 1,6-glucosidic linkages of glycogen; and pullulanase is a starch-debranching enzyme.
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The α-amylases () (CAS 9014-71-5) (alternative names: 1,4-α-D-glucan glucanohydrolase; glycogenase) are calcium metalloenzymes. By acting at random locations along the starch chain, α-amylase breaks down long-chain saccharides, ultimately yielding either maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and "limit dextrin" from amylopectin. They belong to glycoside hydrolase family 13. Because it can act anywhere on the substrate, α-amylase tends to be faster-acting than β-amylase.
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Jūrokucha literally means "16 teas," and the drink is a blend of sixteen teas (from leaves, grains, and fruits): Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen, barley, kuromame, brown rice, habucha, mulberry leaves, jiaogulan, kombu, lingzhi, sasa veitchii, persimmon, sesame, mikan peel, eucommia, black rice, and perilla leaves. All of these contain dietary fiber (mostly indigestible dextrin), and the drink is considered a designated health food in Japan. A decaffeinated version is also available.
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As listed on the original Hot Tamales and Hot Tamales Fire boxes: Sugar, corn syrup, modified food starch, contains less than 0.5% of the following ingredients: dextrin, medium chain triglycerides, fruit juice from concentrate (pear, orange, strawberry, cherry, lemon, lime), sodium citrate, pectin, citric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, confectioners glaze, carnauba wax, white mineral oil, artificial flavors, artificial color, sodium citrate, magnesium hydroxide, red #3, red #40, yellow #5 (tartrazine), yellow #6, blue #1.
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In enzymology, a cyclomaltodextrinase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :cyclomaltodextrin + H2O \rightleftharpoons linear maltodextrin Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are cyclomaltodextrin and H2O, whereas its product is linear maltodextrin. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those glycosidases that hydrolyse O- and S-glycosyl compounds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is cyclomaltodextrin dextrin-hydrolase (decyclizing). Other names in common use include cycloheptaglucanase, cyclohexaglucanase, and cyclodextrinase.
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Gouache paints come in many colors and are usually mixed with water to achieve the desired working properties and to control the opacity when dry. Jacob Philipp Hackert, Lago d'Averno, 1794 Gouache (; ), body color, or opaque watercolor, is one type of watermedia, paint consisting of natural pigment, water, a binding agent (usually gum arabic or dextrin), and sometimes additional inert material. Gouache is designed to be opaque. Gouache has a considerable history, going back at least 1200 years.
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The digestive functions of saliva include moistening food and helping to create a food bolus. The lubricative function of saliva allows the food bolus to be passed easily from the mouth into the esophagus. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, also called ptyalin, which is capable of breaking down starch into simpler sugars such as maltose and dextrin that can be further broken down in the small intestine. About 30% of starch digestion takes place in the mouth cavity.
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NHN can be synthesized by reacting nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate with a dilute aqueous solution of hydrazine monohydrate at 65 C. To help speed the drying of the product after filtration from the hot water, it can be rinsed with alcohol. The product is a fluffy powder (density=0.9 g/cm3). To increase its bulk density to (1.2 g/cm3), dextrin in the amount of (1%) of the weight of the nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate can be added.
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In an ammoniacal lead acetate solution, white lead glycoside is formed in the presence of glucose, which becomes less soluble on cooking and turns brown. In an ammoniacal copper solution, yellow copper oxide hydrate is formed with glucose at room temperature, while red copper oxide is formed during boiling (same with dextrin, except for with an ammoniacal copper acetate solution). With Hager's reagent, glucose forms mercury oxide during boiling. An alkaline bismuth solution is used to precipitate elemental, black-brown bismuth with glucose.
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One type of nanosponge being researched is prepared with β-cyclodextrins and a linear pea starch derivative called linecaps. β-cyclodextrins are used due to low cost and medium-sized pores allowing for a broad range of guest molecules to be collected. Additionally, β-cyclodextrins are favored over dextrin polymers, as they can interact with transition metals also. Primary and secondary hydroxyl groups can act as coordination sites with some metal ions, and CDs can coordinate more than one ion at a time.
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These materials are beneficial because burn-off when the metal is poured creates tiny voids in the mold, allowing the sand particles to expand. They also increase collapsibility and reduce shakeout time. Up to 2% of cereal binders, such as dextrin, starch, sulphite lye, and molasses, can be used to increase dry strength (the strength of the mold after curing) and improve surface finish. Cereal binders also improve collapsibility and reduce shakeout time because they burn off when the metal is poured.
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He had also written articles in Biochemisches Handlexikon on dextrin, inulin, alanine, leucine, histidine, proline, oxyproline, and indol, as well as various starches, celluloses, nitrogen-containing carbohydrates, sulphur-containing amino acids, indol-derivatives, and carbohydrates. In the Handbuch der biochemischen Arbeitsmethoden (1912-1913), Zemplén wrote about the production and detection of glucosides as well as other, higher carbohydrates. Professor Zemplén acted as a referee of several journals in chemistry. A reaction type (transesterifications among carbohydrate derivatives) was named after Zemplén.
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Pullulanase (, limit dextrinase, amylopectin 6-glucanohydrolase, bacterial debranching enzyme, debranching enzyme, alpha-dextrin endo-1,6-alpha- glucosidase, R-enzyme, pullulan alpha-1,6-glucanohydrolase) is a specific kind of glucanase, an amylolytic exoenzyme, that degrades pullulan. It is produced as an extracellular, cell surface-anchored lipoprotein by Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Klebsiella. Type I pullulanases specifically attack α-1,6 linkages, while type II pullulanases are also able to hydrolyse α-1,4 linkages. It is also produced by some other bacteria and archaea.
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This is done by mixing the mold with either glucose, sucrose, lactose, starch, or dextrin, nitrate, ammonium salt, corn steep liquor, peptone, meat or yeast extract, and small amounts of inorganic salts. The recovery of the benzylpencillin is the most important part of the production process because it affects the later purification steps if done incorrectly. There are several types of techniques used to recover benzyl penicillin: aqueous two-phase extraction, liquid membrane extraction, microfiltration, and solvent extraction. Extraction is more commonly used in the recovery process.
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These functional groups are allowed to undergo deprotonation in an aqueous media so the reaction of these with the hydroxyl groups in dextrin allows negatively charged insoluble polymers to be created . These polymers are known as nanosponges for their porous characteristic; they are able to bond to both organic molecules and metal deposits. After cleaning, these nanosponges can easily be separated from the water through simple filtration since they are insoluble in all solvents. Schematic representation of the synthesis reaction of β-PMDA (a) and β-CITR (b).
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Maltase reduces maltose into glucose: C12H22O11 \+ H2O → 2C6H12O6 Maltose + Water → α-Glucose α-amylase breaks starch down into maltose and dextrin, by breaking down large, insoluble starch molecules into soluble starches (amylodextrin, erythrodextrin, and achrodextrin) producing successively smaller starches and ultimately maltose. β-amylase catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into maltose by the process of removing successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains. γ-Amylase will cleave the last α(1–4)glycosidic linkages at the nonreducing end of amylose and amylopectin, yielding glucose.
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The historic Alcian Blue varied so much batch to batch that only the 8GX (e.g. not even the 8GS) batch produced by ICI was later decided to be the biologically useful ones. Commercially available batches usually contained about 49% of the actual dye and rest used to be Sulfate, boric acid, dextrin and other impurities and by various extraction methods up to 80% pure extracts can be made. Actually the dye does not necessary contain all 4 substituents but might contain 2 or 3 of them and have various geometric isomers.
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Equilibrium between cyclic and open-chain form in one ring of maltose In glucose polymers such as starch and starch-derivatives like glucose syrup, maltodextrin and dextrin the macromolecule begins with a reducing sugar, a free aldehyde. When starch has been partially hydrolyzed the chains have been split and hence it contains more reducing sugars per gram. The percentage of reducing sugars present in these starch derivatives is called dextrose equivalent (DE). Glycogen is a highly branched polymer of glucose that serves as the main form of carbohydrate storage in animals.
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Honeys that are supersaturated with a very high percentage of glucose, such as brassica honey, crystallize almost immediately after harvesting, while honeys with a low percentage of glucose, such as chestnut or tupelo honey, do not crystallize. Some types of honey may produce few but very large crystals, while others produce many small crystals.Tomasik, Piotr (2004) Chemical and functional properties of food saccharides, CRC Press, p. 74, Crystallization is also affected by water content, because a high percentage of water inhibits crystallization, as does a high dextrin content.
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He spent some eighteen months in Paris and returned to receive his degree in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1840, with a graduation thesis on "The Starch and Dextrin Bandage", the technique of which he had learned in Paris. He entered the army, passing the highest competitive examination. In 1842 he married the daughter of Dr. Valentine Mott, and in 1845 received the appointment as pro-sector to the medical department of the University of New York under Dr. Mott. In 1852 he became professor of anatomy and remained in that position until the burning of the college building in 1865.
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These dressings required 2 to 3 days to dry, depending on the temperature and humidity of the surroundings. The substitution of Dextrin for starch, advocated by Velpeau, the man widely regarded as the leading French surgeon at the beginning of the 19th century, reduced the drying time to 6 hours. Although this was a vast improvement, it was still a long time, especially in the harsh environment of the battlefield. A good description of Seutin's technique was provided by Sampson Gamgee who learned it from Seutin in France during the winter of 1851–52 and went on to promote its use in Britain.
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US sales of Volkswagen vans in pickup and commercial configurations were curtailed by the chicken tax Certain models of the Volkswagen Type 2 played a role in a historic episode during the early 1960s known as the Chicken War. France and West Germany had placed tariffs on imports of US chicken. Diplomacy failed, and in January 1964, two months after taking office, President Johnson imposed a 25% tax (almost ten times the average US tariff) on potato starch, dextrin, brandy, and light trucks. Officially, the tax targeted items imported from Europe as approximating the value of lost American chicken sales to Europe.
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A. oryzae is an aerobic fungus and is the most active fermenting agents in koji as it produces amylolytic, and proteolytic enzymes which are essential to creating the final miso product. Amyloytic enzymes such as amylase aid in the breakdown of starch in the grains to sugar and dextrin, while proteolytic enzymes such as protease catalyze the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids. These both aid in the enzymatic digestion of the mixture of rice and soybeans. Depending on the strain of A. oryzae, enzymatic composition varies thereby changing the characteristics of the final miso product.
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In a trials of nitrogen utilization, T. polystichi was able to use ammonium chloride, ammonium citrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, dl-alpha alanine, l-arginine, dl-aspartic acid, l-glutamic acid, dl-histidine, and dl-valine. In trials of carbon utilization, T. polystichi was able to use dextrose, sucrose, maltose, melezitose, trehalose, dextrin, inulin, and mannitol. It was unable to use lactose, rhamnose, inositol, i-erythritol, xylose, and succinic acid. The ability to use mannitol and the inability to use xylose and succinic acid distinguished it from the other species tested.
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Colored smoke is a kind of smoke created by an aerosol of small particles of a suitable pigment or dye. Red Arrows air display team 2005 X Games parachutist of the UK Lightning Bolts Army Parachute Display Team Colored smoke can be used for smoke signals, often in a military context. It can be produced by smoke grenades, or by various other pyrotechnical devices. The mixture used for producing colored smoke is usually a cooler-burning formula based on potassium chlorate oxidizer, lactose or dextrin as a fuel, and one or more dyes, with about 40-50% content of the dye.
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U.S. sales of Volkswagen Type 2 vans in pickup and commercial configurations were curtailed by the Chicken Tax. Diplomacy failed after 18 months, and on December 4, 1963, President Johnson imposed a 25% tax (almost 10 times the average U.S. tariff) by executive order (Proclamation 3564) on potato starch, dextrin, brandy, and light trucks, effective from 7 January 1964. With Johnson's proclamation, the U.S. had invoked its right under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), whereby an offended nation may increase tariffs by an equal amount to losses from discriminating tariffs. Officially, the tax targeted items imported from Europe approximating the value of lost American chicken sales to Europe.
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According to the manufacturers it also contains dextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium, potassium and lithium cations and chloride anions. It is described as a "blue-violet liquid with specific odor, packed in orange glass bottles per 20ml and corked tightly by a rubber plug clutched by aluminum caps."ARMENICUM is a highly promising drug for treatment of HIV infection and AIDS When Armenicum was first introduced in Armenia in 1998, founders called it a "revolutionary cure for AIDS," and it immediately captured Armenia's high-ranking government officials’ interest. Early on, initial payments for Armenicum treatments came from the Armenian Defense Ministry, hoping to promote the drug's research and development.
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The United States is also known for supplying China with most of their french fries as 70% of China's french fries are imported. Pre-made french fries have been available for home cooking since the 1960s, having been pre-fried (or sometimes baked), frozen and placed in a sealed plastic bag. Some varieties of french fries that appeared later have been battered and breaded, and many fast food chains in the U.S. dust the potatoes with kashi, dextrin, and other flavor coatings for crispier fries with particular tastes. French fries are one of the most popular dishes in the United States, commonly being served as a side dish to entrees and being seen in fast food restaurants.
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The main ingredients in Dubble Bubble gum are Sugar, Dextrose, Corn Syrup, Gum Base, Tapioca Dextrin, Titanium Dioxide, Confectioner's Glaze, Carnauba Wax, Corn Starch, Artificial Flavors, Artificial Colors, (FD&C; Red 40, Blue 1, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Red 3), and BHT (to maintain freshness). The ingredients of "1928 Original" Dubble Bubble gum are Sugar, Dextrose, Corn Syrup, Gum Base, High Fructose Corn Syrup, Artificial Flavor, Colour, Corn Starch and BHT. Dubble Bubble gum products are nut-free, gluten-free, peanut- free and kosher. Dubble Bubble twist gummies is a 6 g, bite-size piece of chewing gum containing 20 calories with 0 g of fat, 0 mg of cholesterol, 5 mg of sodium, 5 g of carbohydrates, 0 g of dietary fiber, 4 g of sugar and 0 g of protein.
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The scientific name for the species is Lepisma saccharinumLepisma saccharinum - IRMNG (originally saccharina; Linnaeus' 1758 description here), due to its tendency to eat starchy foods high in carbohydrates and protein, such as dextrin. However, the insect's more common name comes from its distinctive metallic appearance and fish-like shape. While the scientific name was established by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae, the common name has been in use since at least 1855. Most authors have historically treated the nomenclatural gender of Lepisma as feminine (also as specified in ICZN Direction 71 issued in 1957), but in 2018 the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature issued a formal ruling (ICZN Opinion 2427) stating the gender of Lepisma (and all genera with that ending) is neuter, following ICZN Article 30, which resulted in changes to the spelling of several well-known species, including Lepisma saccharinum.
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Studies observing unrestricted sugar intake of females correlated sucrose intake level with maximum accumulation of stored energy reserves. In contrast, sucrose intake level does not correlate with decreased activity or changes in senescence. Carbohydrate feedings of female mosquitoes in a laboratory setting indicated that carbohydrates glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose, sucrose, trehalose, melibiose, maltose, raffinose, melizitose, dextrin, mannitol, and sorbitol are most effective to aid survival; arabinose, rhamnose, fucose, sorbose, lactose, cellobiose, inulin, a-methyl mannoside, dulcitol, and inositol are not used by the species; xylose, glycogen, a-methyl glucoside, and glycerol are used but at a slow metabolic rate; and sorbose could not be metabolized. Feeding with glucose allowed for maximum flight speed while other carbohydrates, such as all pentoses, sorbose, lactose, cellobiose, glycogen, inulin, a-methyl mannoside, dulcitol, and inositol were insufficient to allow flight, indicated by a delay in flight after feeding.
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Strains that have been studied are sensitive to ampicillin, resistant to kanamycin and nalidixic acid, and grow well in YEMA medium containing 0.5% NaCl. Strains do not tolerate tetracycline and do not show any growth on LB medium. R. bangladeshense can utilize a variety of nutrients for growth, including D-maltose, D-trehalose, D-cellobiose, gentiobiose, sucrose, D-raffinose, α-D-glucose, D-turanose, α-D lactose, D-fructose, β-methyl-D- glucoside, salicin, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, D-sorbitol, D-mannitol, D-arbitol, glycerol, D-glucose-6-phosphate, D-gluconic acid, quinic acid, D-saccharic acid, D-lactic acid methyl ester, lactic acid, α-keto-glutaric acid and tween 40. Strains which have been studied failed to utilize dextrin, D-aspertic acid, glycyl-L-proline, L-alanine, L-arginine, L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, L-serine, mucic acid, p-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid, methyl pyruvate, citric acid, D-malic acid, L-malic acid, propionic acid or formic acid.
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Ascanio Sobrero (12 October 1812 - 26 May 1888) was an Italian chemist, born in Casale Monferrato. He was studying under Théophile-Jules Pelouze at the University of Turin, who had worked with the explosive material guncotton. He studied medicine in Turin and Paris and then chemistry at the University of Gießen with Justus Liebig, and earned his doctorate in 1832. In 1845 he became professor at the University of Turin During his research he discovered, in 1847, nitroglycerine.Sobrero, Ascagne (1847) "Sur plusieur composés détonants produits avec l'acide nitrique et le sucre, la dextrine, la lactine, la mannite et la glycérine" (On several detonating compounds produced with nitric acid and sugar, dextrin, lactose, mannitol, and glycerine), Comptes rendus, 24 : 247–248.Sobrero, Ascanio (1849) "Sopra alcuni nuovi composti fulminanti ottenuti col mezzo dell’azione dell’acido nitrico sulle sostante organiche vegetali" (On some new explosive products obtained by the action of nitric acid on some vegetable organic substances), Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, 2nd series, 10 : 195–201.
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They are very sensitive to ampicillin and resistant to kanamycin and nalidixic acid. Strains do not tolerate tetracycline and do not grow on LB medium. R. binae can utilize a variety of nutrients, including dextrin, D-maltose, D-trehalose, D-cellobiose, gentiobiose, sucrose, D-raffinose, α-D- glucose, D-turanose, α-D lactose, D-fructose, D-melibiose, β-methyl-D- glucoside, salicin, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, D-mannose, D-galactose, D-mannitol, D-sorrbitol, D-arabitol, glycerol, D-glucose-6-phosphate, D-fructose-6-phosphate, D-alanine, L-aspartic acid, L-histidine, l-pyroglutamic acid, quinic acid, D-saccharic acid, methyl pyruvate, L-lactic acid, citric acid, D-malic acid, L-malic acid, bromo-succinic acid, β-hydroxy-d,l-butyric acid and acetic acid. R. binae can not use the nutrients N-acetyle-D-mannosamine, 3-methyle glucose, inosine, glycyl-L-proline, L-arginine, D-galacturonic acid, D-glucuronic acid, glucuronamide, p-hydroxy- phenylacetic acid, D-lactic acid methyl ester, α-keto-glutaric acid, tween 40, propionic acid or formic acid.
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