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"stg" Definitions
  1. sterling

906 Sentences With "stg"

How to use stg in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "stg" and check conjugation/comparative form for "stg". Mastering all the usages of "stg" from sentence examples published by news publications.

Currently expects our full year earnings to be in line with expectations​ * ‍total group revenue grew by 12.4 pct to 12.73 mln stg in first six months of 2017 (H1 2016: 56.5 mln stg)​ * H1 ‍operating profit 12.7 million stg versus 11.9 million stg year ago​ * H1 ‍operating profit margin 20.0 pct versus 21.0 pct year ago​ * H1 ‍adjusted profit before tax 12.7 million stg versus 11.9 million stg year ago​ Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Bengaluru Newsroom)
Assets under administration up 28 pct to 79.2 billion stg * Net new business of 6.9 billion stg, up 15 pct in year * Unaudited profit before tax increase of 21 pct to a range of 265 million stg to 266 million stg Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Reporting By Rachel Armstrong)
Solvency II capital ratio of 158 pct * Total benefit payments to policyholders of 902 mln stg in 2015 and the company now insures benefits for 227,160 individuals * Assets under management increased 20 pct from 12.8 bln stg to 15.4 bln stg * Market consistent embedded value (MCEV) of 1,445m stg, an increase of 19 pct
DEBENHAMS SAYS SOME OF ITS CREDITORS RECENTLY PROVIDED 200 MLN STG OF FRESH LIQUIDITY, COMMITTED TO EQUITISE 100 MLN STG OF DEBT
Company expects there will be a relatively small increase in labour costs in fy16/17 * Q4 sales rose 1.4 percent to 185.5 million stg * Fy revenue from continuing operations 771.7 million stg versus 964.3 million stg year ago Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage:
Com Plc * FY revenue rose 40 percent to 195.4 million stg * Adjusted EBITDA £18.7 million, up 32% * Profit before tax 15.674 million stg versus 11.068 million stg, +42% * We have had an encouraging start to 2017 financial year * We currently anticipate sales growth of c.
For approximately 615 mln stg * Pre-Tax gain recognised on completion of transaction is approximately 535 mln stg Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Bengaluru Newsroom)
The UK-based company had given a price range of 1.54 stg to 1.66 stg for the offer after expressing its intention to float the company last month.
COPENHAGEN, Jan 14 (Reuters) - Swedish Match and Skandinavisk Holding plan to list their cigar maker Scandiavian Tobacco Group (STG) on the Copenhagen bourse in a public offering, STG said on Thursday.
RESTON, Va., July 07, 2016 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- STG Group, Inc.
Headlines Sports Direct buys Jack Wills for 12.75 mln stg on.ft.
Headlines Rogue landlords face 30,000 stg fines in fresh crackdown on.ft.
For more on the company, click on Swedish Match said that after the partial exercise of an overalottment option in connection with the initial public offering of STG, Swedish Match will hold 31.1 percent of STG.
Headlines Amanda Staveley in 300 mln stg pitch for Newcastle United on.ft.
Headlines Tesco faces 7.43 mln stg civil lawsuit over profit misstatement on.ft.
Headlines UK to inject 13 mln stg into British Business Bank on.ft.
In prison, "STG" stands for "Security Threat Group," a term for gangs.
I stg this girl came to my party and stole my hamster.
Headlines Allianz to launch 3 bln stg share buyback as earnings gain on.ft.
The Chilean domestic banking market is currently led by Banco Santander-Chile <STG.
Headlines Iberdrola strikes 1 bln stg UK wind farm deal with Macquarie on.ft.
Headlines Co-op raises 300 million stg bond to support Fairtrade producers on.ft.
Headlines Lego family and Blackstone assemble 6 bln stg bid for Merlin on.ft.
I believe STG is among the best service and solution providers in the industry.
Headlines Monzo raises 85 million stg to help launch new products and expand on.ft.
Headlines - Lloyd's of London turns to 300 million stg debt to fund overhaul on.ft.
WPP SAYS AVERAGE NET DEBT IN FIRST 9 MONTHS OF 2019 WAS 4.477 BLN STG
CLARA PENSIONS PLANNING ITS FIRST UK SUPERFUND DEAL OF LESS THAN 100 MLN STG -CEO
The government said on Wednesday it was scrapping the contract with London-listed Stagecoach STG.
With the new investment by STG, RedSeal said it has raised $142 million to date.
Headlines Digital bank Monzo doubles valuation to over 2 bln stg in eight months on.ft.
Headlines Big pharma to unveil 1 bln stg boost for May's post-Brexit vision on.ft.
Net loans up by 11 pct to 6.8 bln stg (31 december 913: 6.1 bn stg) * Asset finance +11 pct; sme commercial mortgages +12 pct; buy-to-let +21 pct; residential mortgages +22015 pct * Total capital ratio of 253 pct (225 december 20.25: 22016 pct) .
ATAER HOLDING IS PLANNING A 900 MILLION STG TURNAROUND PLAN TO REVIVE BRITISH STEEL- SKY NEWS
COM GROUP PLC - ‍GROUP REVENUES UP 6 PERCENT TO 90.2 MILLION STG FOR QUARTER ENDED SEPT.
First Advantage and its owner, Symphony Technology Group (STG), did not respond to requests for comment.
First Advantage and its owner, Symphony Technology Group (STG), did not respond to requests for comment.
OPERATING PROFIT ‍291.3​ MILLION STG VERSUS 261.5 MILLION STG YEAR AGO * FY LOSS BEFORE INTEREST AND TAX ‍43.7​ MILLION STG VERSUS PROFIT OF 225.6 MILLION STG YEAR AGO * FY ‍US NET REVENUE UP 29% AND ADJUSTED OPERATING PROFIT UP 24 PCT, INVESTING IN READINESS FOR DECISION ON PASPA APPEAL DUE IN 2018​ * ‍AUSTRALIAN BUSINESS ACQUIRED IN 2013 UNDERGOING STRATEGIC REVIEW, TO CONCLUDE BY MID-2018​ * ‍FULL-YEAR DIVIDEND INCREASED 6 PCT TO 13.2P PER SHARE​ * ‍"WE WILL INVEST IN MORE INNOVATION IN ONLINE AND OUR OMNI-CHANNEL PLATFORM... TO ENSURE WE CAN UNLOCK ITS FULL POTENTIAL AT RIGHT MOMENT"​ Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage:
THE PENSION SUPERFUND EXPECTS TO LAUNCH INITIAL 10 MLN STG UK DEAL IN NEXT FEW WEEKS -SPOKESMAN
You guys are the transmission mechanism aren't you, between that wealth and it finding an STG home.
Jefferies' estimate of ~1 bln stg ** If Centrica manages to sell its stake for >1 bln stg, it would reduce financial net debt by 30% and economic net debt (Moody's) by 20% - Jefferies ** Stock last seen up 0.6 pct ** Up to Friday's close, stock had slipped 17.6 pct YTD
Fixed Rate Reset Callable Subordinated Tier 2 notes due 2026 * Purchase price payable by any purchaser in this resale is 968.0441 stg per 1,000 stg in principal amount of notes * Notes are expected to be transferred by NAB to settlement manager, for onward transfer to purchasers, on Sept.
UK ELECTION: LABOUR MANIFESTO SHOWS EXTRA 82.9 BLN STG OF DAY-TO-DAY PUBLIC SPENDING IN 2023/24
Carnegie Investment Bank has been appointed co-lead manager while FIH Partners is acting as financial advisor to STG.
After four U.S. soldiers were tragically killed in an ambush attack in Niger, the widow of 25-year-old Stg.
The owners of STG said on Thursday they plan an initial public offering of the company on the Copenhagen bourse.
BANK OF ENGLAND SAYS WILL REINVEST GILT EVENLY ACROSS MATURITY SECTORS, HOLDING REVERSE AUCTIONS OF AVERAGE 1.268 BLN STG SIZE
The offer will raise net proceeds of about 169.3 million stg for selling shareholders, the company said in a statement.
Swedish Match and Skandinavisk Holding said earlier they were planning an initial public offering for STG on the Copenhagen bourse.
It's satisfying to see STG used as an actual image-making tool alongside PS or AI. Do you have a favorite?
BANK OF ENGLAND SAYS WILL START REINVESTMENT OF 15.2 BLN STG PROCEEDS FROM SEPT 2019 GILT IN WEEK STARTING SEPT. 9
STG will appoint up to four directors on RedSeal's seven-member board, which will include current Chief Executive Officer Ray Rothrock.
A death report listed the Bloods under Hernandez's "gang profile" and said Hernandez had once been disciplined for having "STG" paraphernalia.
L * It has successfully raised gross proceeds of 150 million stg pursuant to first placing of ordinary shares of £0.01 each * Net proceeds of issue are expected to be approximately 148 million stg * Peel Hunt LLP is acting as sponsor, broker, placing agent and intermediaries offer adviser to company Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage:
Informa Plc agreed to buy US rival Penton for 1.2 billion stg as it seeks to expand into the North American market.
CITIBANK AND PIMCO TEAMING UP TO BUY A 5 BILLION STG PORTFOLIO OF UK TAXPAYER-OWNED LOANS - SOURCE FAMILIAR WITH THE MATTER
BARCLAYS SAYS IS CONTACTING BUSINESS CUSTOMERS AFFECTED BY CORONAVIRUS TO OFFER 12-MONTH CAPITAL REPAYMENT HOLIDAYS ON EXISTING LOANS OVER 25,000 STG
LSE - BELIEVES THAT ANNUAL RUN-RATE COST SYNERGIES IN EXCESS OF 350 MLN STG WOULD BE DELIVERABLE IN FIVE YEARS AFTER DEAL COMPLETION
L: * ‍SUCCESSFULLY RAISES 150 MLN STG AT INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING​ * ‍NET PROCEEDS OF ISSUE ARE EXPECTED TO BE APPROXIMATELY 146.8 MILLION STG​ * ‍IS TARGETING A DIVIDEND YIELD OF 5.5P EQUIVALENT TO A YIELD OF 5.5 PERCENT FOR YEAR ENDING 31 MARCH 2019, TOTAL RETURN OF AT LEAST 10 PERCENT * ‍APPLICATION HAS BEEN MADE FOR ADMISSION OF ORDINARY SHARES TO AIM.
ASSET QUALITY RATIO INCREASED TO 23 BASIS POINTS LARGELY DUE TO EXPECTED LOWER RELEASES AND WRITE BACKS * PPI CHARGE OF £90 MILLION COMPRISES INCREASED COSTS IN RELATION TO COMPLETION OF REQUIREMENT UNDER PLEVIN RULING TO PROACTIVELY CONTACT CUSTOMERS * IMPAIRMENTS AT 258 MILLION STG, UP FROM 127 MILLION STG IN Q1 2017 Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Reporting by Lawrence White)
The Augustinus Foundation and The Obel Family Foundation together control 51 percent of STG via Skandinavisk Holding, while Swedish Match controls the remaining 13 percent.
Of office and light industrial space and was valued at 9.4 mln stg at March 2016 Source text on Eikon: Further company coverage: (Bengaluru Newsroom)
The Augustinus Foundation and The Obel Family Foundation together control 51 percent of STG via Skandinavisk Holding, with the remaining 49 percent controlled by Swedish Match.
Peter Young, the owner of STG talent agency, says he helped Tom land a 5 year contract with "Vanderpump Rules" -- but he was hardly breaking the bank.
Kalashnikov's weapon, created in 1947, does have a striking resemblance to German arms designer Hugo Schmeissers's StG 44 rifle, created in 1942, although they have major design differences.
The Gold Star widow at the center of a national controversy over how President Trump handled his condolence call to her spoke publicly for the first time Monday. Stg.
One way of achieving this is to transform wasted flare gas into more valuable end products, using gas-to-liquids technologies such as Primus Green Energy's STG+TM GTL systems.
Dell Technologies (DELL) is near a deal to sell its RSA cybersecurity unit to private-equity firm STG Partners for more than $2 billion, according to The Wall Street Journal.
IRG and previous landowners Colliers International and STG Group have leased sections of Hanford Business Park to small businesses since Pirelli ceased operations in 2001, according to numerous local news reports.
Using natural gas as a feedstock, STG+TM can produce valuable end products including high-octane gasoline, methanol and diluent, with future plans calling for the production of diesel as well.
The zero-sulfur, zero-benzene gasoline produced through the STG+TM process can be sold directly into the wholesale market or mixed with crude oil at the wellsite for simplified logistics.
Dell Technologies (DELL) – Dell is near a deal to sell its RSA cybersecurity unit to private-equity firm STG Partners for more than $2 billion, according to The Wall Street Journal.
The STG+TM technology offers a means of protecting the environment from emissions that contribute to climate change while also monetizing valuable fossil fuel resources that are now going up in smoke.
COPENHAGEN, Jan 14 (Reuters) - Scandinavian Tobacco Group (STG) expects to pay out about two-thirds of annual profit to shareholders when its stock is listed on Nasdaq Copenhagen, its chairman said on Thursday.
By comparison with other contributors to climate change, flaring is relatively easy to identify and reduce – with pipeline and processing infrastructure, as well as with gas-to-liquids technologies such as STG+TM.
In accordance with STG Group's commitment to strengthening its capable and experienced management team, Paul plans to continue as President of the Company until the end of the year, pending the appointment of a CEO.
Chief Executive Niels Frederiksen told Reuters STG had been on the U.S. market since the 1950s and as its products were launched before 2007, it would not need to jump through any regulatory hoops to gain approvals.
COPENHAGEN (Reuters) - The world's largest cigar maker, Scandinavian Tobacco Group (STG), has narrowed the price range for its initial public offering (IPO) to 99-103 Danish crowns ($14.79-$15.38) per share, a person familiar with the matter told Reuters on Monday.
STG, owner of the Cohiba, La Paz Café Créme and Macanudo brands, had announced earlier this month it plans to issue shares for between 93 crowns and 110 crowns in an IPO worth up to 11 billion Danish crowns ($1.64 billion).
COPENHAGEN (Reuters) - The chief executive of the world's largest cigar maker, Scandinavian Tobacco Group (STG), which plans a stock market listing, played down the impact on Friday of proposed tighter regulation of cigars in the United States, its biggest market.
Scandinavian Tobacco Group (STG) has set the price in its initial public offering (IPO) at 100 crowns per share, giving it a market capitalisation of 10 billion Danish crowns ($1.51 billion) ahead of its market debut in Copenhagen on Wednesday.
Shares in Metro Bank, which was founded in 0003 to help break up the dominance of Britain's biggest banks, were trading 11.2 percent lower at 31.24 stg by 0937 GMT after flagging the likely fundraising in its first quarter results.
His comments came in response to a Citi research note which said the proposed new rules could be damaging to STG in the long-term because "FDA's record on cigarette regulation shows it is likely to be extremely hard to win permission".
But on Friday, embarrassed sculptor Salavat Shcherbakov had to admit that among them was the Sturmgewehr 44 (StG 44) assault rifle used by Nazi troops at the end of World War II. "We will rectify this," Shcherbakov said in comments broadcast by state-run Rossiya 24 channel.
Com Plc: * Has raised gross proceeds of 50 million stg through successful private placing of 22.7 million new placing shares at a price of 220p/share * Zeus Capital and Jefferies acted as joint bookrunners in connection with placing Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Bengaluru Newsroom: +91 80 6749 1136)
Shares in London-listed British American Tobacco and Imperial Brands are down just 1 and 2 percent respectively this year, against a 15 percent drop in the pan-European FTSEurofirst 300 index Shares in moist snuff maker Swedish Match, which held 49 percent of STG prior to the IPO, are down 5 percent this year.
Close Brothers Group Plc: * CLOSE BROTHERS GROUP PLC - ‍PROGRAMME TO PURCHASE SHARES WITH AN AGGREGATE MARKET VALUE EQUIVALENT TO £7.4 MILLION, WILL COMMENCE ON 30 NOVEMBER 2017​ * CLOSE BROTHERS GROUP PLC - PURPOSE OF SHARE PURCHASE IS TO MEET FUTURE OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM GROUP'S ALL-EMPLOYEE SHARE OPTION SCHEMES * CLOSE BROTHERS- ANNOUNCES PROGRAMME TO PURCHASE SHARES WORTH 7.4 MILLION STG Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage:
Headlines World's first liquid air energy storage plant opens in Lancashire En+ hires Rothschild to sell down Oleg Deripaska's stake Knights joins UK law firms heading to the stock market May delays blueprint for future EU ties until after June summit Clark considers direct public stake in 16 bln stg Wylfa nuclear plant Overview The Pilsworth liquid air energy storage plant, owned by Highview Power, opens on Tuesday in Lancashire.
Headlines Boris Johnson blasts Treasury as 'heart of Remain' Geordie Greig succeeds Paul Dacre as editor of Daily Mail Treasury select committee questions future of TSB chief Pester Lloyds sells 225 mln stg stake in Standard Life Aberdeen Overview UK Foreign Minister Boris Johnson has been secretly recorded blaming the Treasury for being "the heart of Remain" and revealing fears that his own vision of Brexit was gradually being betrayed by Prime Minister Theresa May. on.ft.
No change to text.) * Owner AB Foods has fine-tuned Primark model in U.S. * Is confident Primark will be a winner in U.S. * Looking to central America for clothing supplies * Has invested about 21 mln stg so far By James Davey LONDON, Sept 20.7982 (Reuters) - Confident it can crack the $300 billion U.S. clothing and shoes market where many other foreign retailers have failed, Britain's Primark is ready to raise its bet on the country by securing new sources of fast fashion in central America.
Dcc energy) £1.478bn versus £1.407bn year earlier * H1 adjusted earnings per share up 31.1 pct (7493 pct ahead on a constant currency basis) to 92.1 pence * H1 pretax profit rose 53.7 percent to 80.6 million stg * Expects that FY operating profit and adjusted earnings per share will be significantly ahead of prior year and current market consensus expectations * Interim dividend increased by 12.5 pct to 37.17 pence per share * DCC Energy has agreed to acquire Gaz Européen for an initial enterprise value of eur 110 million * DCC Healthcare has agreed to acquire Medisource for an initial enterprise value of eur 32 million (£27 million) Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Bengaluru Newsroom: +91 806 749 1136)
Cet803 capital ratio of 280 pct (26749 december 86: 11.8 pct) * As a purely uk-focused business, we are not directly exposed to potential changes in access to european markets-ceo * To date, we have seen no direct impact on our business but we continue to monitor situation closely and have a proven ability to react quickly to a changing environment-ceo * H1 reported profit before tax increased by 50 pct to 59 mln stg (h1 2015: £67493m) * Underlying cost/income ratio (1) further improved by 8pts to 45% (h1 2015: 53%) * Following eu referendum, we all face a period of heightened political and economic uncertainty-ceo * However, we are exposed to wider economic effects of result-ceo * BOE reduced bank rate by 25bps to 0.25% and market expectations are for a further rate cut, potentially by end of 2016.
The wing's first commanding officer was Oskar Dinort. I./StG 2 was established in Breslau from I./StG 163. II./StG 2 in Stolp-Reitt from I./StG 162, and III./StG 2 from III./StG 163 in Langensalza. Dinort led the wing and first Gruppe upon StG 2's creation. Dinort then relinquished command of I./StG 2 for control of Stab./StG 2.
On 13 January 1942 II./StG 2 was renamed III./StG 3 at San Pancrazio. II./StG 2 was reformed in East Prussia, and sent to the Soviet Union.
I. and III./StG 2 assisted in the destruction of the Prusy Army at Radom. Two gruppen moved south toward I./StG 2. I. and III./StG 2 fought in the Battle of the Bzura. III./StG 2 attacked road and troop concentrations in the Battle of Lwów. From 2–6 September I./StG 2 repeatedly attacked Piotrków Trybunalski rail station inflicting heavy casualties on detraining Polish infantry forces in the Battle of Piotrków Trybunalski. The 40 Ju 87s comprised elements of I./StG 2 and StG 76.
I. with III./StG 2 moved to Otopeni north of Bucharest, Romania under Richthofen in January 1941 after the cancelation of Operation Felix. II./StG 2 remained with Stab./StG 3.
One of StG 77s 18 August casualties: Unteroffizier August Dann and Erich Kohl were killed. After StG 1 had trouble finding the convoy because of cloud, Hauptmann Waldemar Plewig the commander of II./StG 77 used his discretion to fly over the convoy from Le Havre in the unit Do 17P reconnaissance aircraft and found the conditions good enough for an attack and 82 Ju 87s from III./StG 1, I./StG 3 and Stab, II./StG 77 were alerted.
In 1939 he transferred back to II./StG 162 which became I./StG 76 on 1 May 1939.
On 26 July, elements of StG 1 attacked Convoy Bacon off the Isle of Portland, but lost one Ju 87 and a reconnaissance Do 17. On 29 July a formation consisted of 48 Ju 87s from six Staffeln of IV.(Stuka)/LG 1, II./StG 1 and II./StG 3 attacked Dover harbour. StG 1 and LG 1 lost two Stukas each and II./StG 3 reported one damaged.
Stab., I. and III./StG 2 were placed under the control of Fliegerkorps VIII, subordinated to Kesselring's Luftflotte 2 initially. Stab. gained I./StG 76 but lost II./StG 2 which was placed under the command of Stab./StG 3 subordinated to Luftflotte 3 commanded by Hugo Sperrle. Hitschhold had 40 aircraft with 33 operational. Enneccerus was given 38 Ju 87s with 33 serviceable under StG 3 commodore Karl Angerstein.
StG 77 also supported the siege of Calais. The town was reduced to rubble on Richthofen's orders and StG 77 received support from StG 2 and received escort from JG 27.Jackson 1974, pp. 115–116. was damaged by a near-miss in the same action, but by which StG is not known.
In December 1940 StG 3 was ordered to Trapani in Sicily. From 2–9 January 1941 it moved to airstrips on the island with only a brief pause near Stuttgart to allow for leave and rest. Stab./StG 3 was enlarged by two groups. I./StG 1 and II./StG 2 were subordinated to it.
The following day StG 2 lost another of its irreplaceable Knight's Cross winners. William Hörner, commanding 9./StG 2. The cost of the Kursk operations for StG 2 was 30 Ju 87s from 5 to 31 July 1943.
The battles cost I./StG 2 at least 15 aircraft, II./StG 2 13 Ju 87s and III./StG 2 another 10 equating to 38 Ju 87s in total, the vast majority in combat with Allied fighter aircraft.
II./StG 2 moved to Kharkov-North on 5 July under the command of Hans-Karl Stepp [from 17 June 1943] with 36 Ju 87s. III./StG 2 joined Stab. and I./StG 2 at Kharkov-East with 35 Ju 87s reported on 1 July 1943. StG 2 was engaged in the massive air battles on the southern sector.
StG 77 then moved to the Balkans. It operated in the battle for the air superiority, anti- shipping, interdiction and close support role in the Invasion of Yugoslavia, Battle of Greece and Battle of Crete in April and May 1941. The wing inflicted heavy losses on shipping with StG 1, StG 2 and StG 3. StG 77 was supported Army Group Centre and Army Group South on the Eastern Front, from June 1941, after Operation Barbarossa.
On 13 August the Luftwaffe began Operation Eagle Attack to destroy RAF Fighter Command in southern England. 52 Ju 87s from StG 1 and StG 2 were ordered to attack RAF Warmwell and Yeovil. StG 1 and 2 gave up on their original targets owing to low-clouds and bombed Portland instead. II./StG 1 was sent to bomb airfields near Rochester.
StG 2 was subordinated to Luftflotte 4 in May 1939 and initially subordinated to the 2 Fliegerddivision (2nd Flying division), Luftflotte 4 and based at Nieder-Ellguth in Silesia. The wing formed part of the dive-bomber fleet with StG 1, StG 51, StG 76, and StG 77. The wing was to form the southern part of Case White, the Invasion of Poland in September 1939. The invasion was to act in unison with the Soviet invasion of Poland and it began World War II in Europe.
Oberstleutnant Gustav Pressler took command. Stab./SG 1 was formed from Stab./StG 1 at Polozok. Major Horst Kaubisch formed I./SG 1 from I./StG 1.
StG 2 did not lose as many Ju 87s as 3 Squadron assumed. On 13 May I./StG 2 lost one Ju 87 destroyed. Another from 7.
StG 1 was reassigned to VIII Fliegerkorps, under the command of von Richthofen, for the Greek campaign. I./StG 1 moved to Kraynitsi on 1 April, south west of Sofia, Bulgaria. It reported 24 Ju 87Rs available plus the attachment on Stab./StG 2, assigned for the duration of the invasions of Yugoslavia and Greece. III./StG 1 transferred to Argos, Greece to support the attack on Crete on 23 May and did not participate in the campaign on the mainland. StG 1 did not support Operation Punishment, Hitler's retribution bombing of Belgrade.
82 Ju 87s from III./StG 1, I./StG 3 and Stab, II./StG 77 were alerted. Major Walter Sigel led StG 3 to rendezvous with escorts from Bf 110s from II./ZG 2, LG 1 and Bf 109s from II./JG 27. On 11 August 1940 ZG 2 escorted I and II./KG 54 Junkers Ju 88 bombers in an attack on Royal Navy bases at Portsmouth and Weymouth.
StG 2 bombed the railhead at Yermachevo, and the road from Polotsk to Nevel. In July the wing suffered nine losses with another damaged. I./StG 2's commander Hitschhold was shot down on 23 June near Vilna. 3./StG 2's Bruno Freitag landed to pick them up.
II./StG 2 spent the period near Cologne; little is known about its activity over the winter. III./StG 2's activities mirrored first gruppe. II./StG 2 commanding officer Hinkelbein was replaced with Major Georg Fritze on 27 October and then on 16 December Walter Enneccerus took command.
II./StG 77 was formed on 14 May 1939 also from II./StG 51 was its renumbering pattern followed first group. It was moved into the same base as Stab./StG 77. Hauptmann Clemens Graf von Schonborn-Wiesentheid was given command. 38 of 39 Ju 87s were operational by August 1939.
128, 134 and Hooton 1994, p. 258. While StG 1 and KG 77 attacked French armoured forces pressuring the German flank near Amiens, StG 77 carried out effective counter-artillery raids near Saint Quentin on 25 May.Jackson 1974, p. 115. From 22 May StG 77 was concentrated against the Channel ports.
MSAR's last model was the STG-556 XM17-E4. The STG-556 XM17-E4 was introduced at the 2009 SHOT Show. It can use AR-15 and M16 magazines.
The Luftwaffe was able to play an important role in preventing the Soviet offensive from destroying the 9th army and 2nd Panzer army from 16 to 31 July; StG 1 operated over this sector at this time and recorded two losses on 17 July. By 31 July III./StG 1 lost 10 aircraft, II./StG 1 lost seven, and I./StG 1 lost nine in action. The number of damaged aircraft is not mentioned.
There is no mention of any Ju 87s with the Stab./StG 3 in 1940. By 13 August 1940 StG 3 had been subordinated to Fliegerkorps IV under Luftflotte 3.
StG 3 supported the DAK in the Battle of Bir Hakeim and Battle of Gazala. Sigel's airmen flew 1,400 Sorties against Bir Hakeim. I./StG 3 reported 10 or 11 Ju 87s destroyed over Gazala from 26 May to 4 June. On 3 June I./StG 3 lost five destroyed and one damaged.
II./StG 77 lost three Ju 87s to fighter attack and one damaged beyond repair, five crewmen dead and one captured. III./StG 77 also lost two Ju 87s and two damaged with four men killed.Price 2010, p. 201. StG 77s human casualties amounted to 26 killed, six taken prisoner, and six wounded.
The group did not return to Africa until 9 November. Little is recorded about I./StG 3 in October. III./StG 3 supported the DAK and Italian African Army from Alamein.
The wing accounted for the destroyer Panther during the campaign; sunk by I./StG 3. It supported the suppression of the 33rd Infantry Division Acqui in the islands. I./StG 3 lost two Ju 87s of the 34 it reported on 1 July in this campaign to naval gunfire. III./StG 3 attacked Carlisle which was damaged; the group is credited with sinking Panther as well, in contrast to other sources asserting I./StG 3 sank the destroyer.
Stab./StG 3 moved from Greece to Libya between late July and the third week of August 1941. It was based at Derna, near Tobruk. The command unit once again took control of two other groups from different wings, I./StG 1 and II./StG 2. The command was based at Gambut in mid-September.
Hitschhold's group provided crews and aircraft for the Karl Ritter propaganda film Stukas with III./StG 2. The film was a box-office hit in Germany. Quartermaster General of the Luftwaffe reported significant losses for StG 2 from 4 July to 18 August 1940. StG 2 lost 25 Ju 87s with five more damaged.
LG 1 lost five aircraft StG 1 escaped without loss. On 15 August IV(St)./LG 1 and Hauptmann Keil commanding II./StG 1, were ordered by the operations staff at II Fliegerkorps to attack RAF Hawkinge and RAF Lympne. The latter was attacked by 26 Ju 87s from II./StG 1 while German fighters provided effective escort.
One Italian aircraft was damaged. The gunner of the latter unit claimed a damaged P-40. The wing was expanded by incorporating I./StG 1 and II./StG 2 becoming II. and III.
Steyr-built StG 58s had a hammer forged barrel that was considered to be the best barrel fitted to any FAL. Some StG58s had modifications made to the fire mode selector so that the fully automatic option was removed, leaving the selector with only safe and single- shot positions. The StG 58 was replaced by the Steyr AUG (designated StG 77) in 1977, although the StG 58 served with many units as the primary service rifle through the mid-1980s.
The Soviet 62nd Army had been cut in two and, due to intensive air attack on its supply ferries, was receiving much less material support. On 14 October, I./StG 77, with II./StG 1 and I., and II./StG 2, flew 53 major operations and made 320 individual sorties.Bergström 2007b, p. 84. Two days prior, StG 77 lost commanding officer Alfons Orthofer killed during an air raid on the base as he was waiting for orders to take off.
Although sophisticated analogue waveshaping is possible,STG Wavefolder, STG Soundlabs website the greater simplicity and arbitrary waveforms of digital systems like direct digital synthesis led to most later instruments adopting entirely digital oscillator designs.
The lack of anti-aircraft artillery in the Polish Army magnified the impact of the Ju 87. At Piotrków Trybunalski I./StG 76 and I./StG 2 destroyed a Polish infantry division de-training there.
The Ju 87s severely damaged SS Surte, MV Scheldt and SS Omlandia and sank SS Balmaha soon after. SS Tres was sunk by StG 77\. SS Empire Crusader, in the lead, was hit by StG 2 and sank several hours later; four ships were sunk and four were damaged in the attacks. From 20 to 30 RAF fighters attacked the German aircraft and I. and II./StG 2 suffered one damaged Ju 87 each, StG 3 lost three Stukas from I. Gruppe and two damaged.
StG 1 was formed at the close of the 1930s as the Luftwaffe rushed to form and reorganise its combat units. I./StG 1 was formed first, not the stab (command) staffel (squadron), on 1 May 1939 in Insterburg, East Prussia. Major Werner Rentsch was appointed as the group's first commanding officer. The group was created by renaming I./StG 160.
II./StG 2 struck the fatal blows against the ship. The attacks on the carrier failed to sink her but put her out of action for a year. II./StG 2 sent 43 Ju 87s with support from I./StG 1. Ten Italian SM 79s had drawn off the carrier's Fairey Fulmar fighters. Some 10 Ju 87s attacked the carrier unopposed.
In late June and early July 1943, StG 2 moved north to the Kharkov region in preparation for Operation Citadel, the Battle of Kursk. Ernst Kupfer took command of the wing, effective from 13 March 1943. Stab./StG 2 moved to Kharkov-East and was followed by I./StG 2 on 4 July. The group reported 37 Ju 87s on 1 July.
Obergefreiter Hans Küsters of II./StG 2 was also killed. A further I./StG 1 Ju 87 returned badly damaged with a dead gunner.Shores, Cull & Malizia 1987, p. 126. Frustrated at exhausting his ammunition he landed.
He died in a Maykop hospital.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, p. 127. StG 77 failed to prevent the success of Operation Uranus, the Soviet counter- offensive. StG 77 supported a failed relief effort (Operation Winter Storm).
StG 77 was assigned to Luftflotte 4 in preparation for the Invasion of Yugoslavia. Stab, I and III./StG 77 were moved to Arad in northwest Romania. First group fielded 39 Ju 87s, with 33 operational.
Elements of StG 77 and I./StG 3 pursued and damaged Orion and Dido.Weal 1998, pp. 38–39. Orion had been evacuating 1,100 soldiers to North Africa; 260 of them were killed and another 280 wounded.
SS Empire Crusader, in the lead, was hit by StG 2 and sank several hours later; four ships were sunk and four were damaged in the attacks. From 20 to 30 RAF fighters attacked the German aircraft and I. and II./StG 2 suffered one damaged Ju 87 each, StG 3 lost three Stukas from I. Gruppe and two damaged. On 13 August Hitschhold and II./StG 2 commanded by Walter Enneccerus, were ordered to attack RAF Andover with the support of StG 1, along with RAF Warmwell and Yeovil. I./JG 53 flew a fighter sweep ahead of the bombers from Poole to Lyme Regis in order to tempt the RAF into battle.
StG 3 lost three Stukas from I. Gruppe and two damaged. Oberleutnant Martin Müller was the wing's notable casualty. Four men were killed, two missing and two wounded. StG 3's assailants were 145 and 609 Squadron.
Both attacks were carried out by II./StG 77. The group lost four Ju 87s.Shores, Cull, Malizia 1987, p. 200. On 11 April 87 Ju 87s attacked Veliki Radinci I airfield, which cost StG 77 two aircraft.
Of the three gruppen, III./StG 2 is known to have taken part in the siege of Warsaw. First gruppe fought in the Battle of Modlin as Polish resistance collapsed. StG 2 Ju 87s under maintenance, 1939/40.
The running air battles had cost the Ju 87 units heavily. The lack of protection for I./StG 77 had cost it 10 Ju 87s with one damaged beyond repair. II./StG 77 lost three Ju 87s to fighter attack and one damaged beyond repair, five crewmen dead and one captured. III./StG 77 also lost two Ju 87s and two damaged with four men killed.
It was also found to be exceptionally reliable in extreme cold. The StG 44's rate of fire was 540 rpm.Sturmgewehr 44 Manual D1854/3 A gunsmith inspects an StG 44 rifle barrel. Galician front, 10 October 1944 A primary use of the MP 44/StG 44 was to counter the Soviet PPS and PPSh-41 submachine guns, which used the 7.62×25mm Tokarev round.
Yugoslavia refused to join the Axis powers, and the operation was expanded to include the country in German plans. Richthofen's air corps was given two wings of Ju 87s for the task; StG 2 and 3. Stab./StG 2 was moved to Kraynitsi, 42 km south-south west of Sofia, Bulgaria on 6 March 1941. Hitschhold's group, I./StG 2 followed on 27 March with 39 Stukas.
Six of the Wessex crew were killed and 15 wounded. The Stukas survived an attack from RAF Fighter Command fighters operating from England without loss. StG 77 and StG 2 were instrumental in eliminating Allied resistance in Calais. Operations turned to Dunkirk. On 27 May the troopship Côte d' Azur was sunk by StG 2, which also bombed the harbour with 500 and 1,000-pound bombs.
The STG-556 is a Steyr AUG A1 clone manufactured by Microtech Small Arms Research (MSAR). It was introduced at the 2007 SHOT Show. The STG-556's working system features a bolt release as seen on the M16 rifle; otherwise, the STG-556 retains the features similar to the Steyr AUG, such as having the quick-change barrel option and the ability to change which side the weapon ejects from by changing the bolt out for a right or left side bolt respectively. There is some parts interchangeability but the rifle is not a true clone. The STG-556 ships standard with right side ejector. The STG-556 is unable to use M16-style magazines or STANAG NATO standard magazines; they use versions of a proprietary MSAR magazine resembling the Steyr mags. The current production XM-17 E4 use STANAG magazines. The STG-556 is a short-stroke gas piston. The STG-556 rifle can be converted from either having a telescopic sight or a MIL-STD-1913 rail.
On 13 August Operation Eagle Attack began with Adlertag. The official go-ahead was given at 14:00. 52 Ju 87s from StG 1 and StG 2 who were to strike at RAF Warmwell and Yeovil. II., and III.
The units numbered some 80 Ju 87s. This led to a notable increase in the bombing of Malta. A Stabsstaffel of Sturzkampfgeschwader 3 (StG 3) arrived. Oberstleutnant Karl Christ, Geschwaderkommodore of StG 3 gave orders to intercept heavy units.
The STG Gallery is funded in large part by the Henry Luce Foundation.
The Santiago VOR-DME (Ident: STG) is located west-southwest of the airport.
On 23 May Hugo Sperrle requested StG 77 support against Boulogne. The wing came into frequent contact with No. 11 Group RAF operating from England. Richthofen lost 16 aircraft—five from StG 77 on the 22 May alone.Hooton 1994, p. 258.
The wing contributed 200 sorties to the Sedan operation. StG 2 and 77 intervened in the Battle of Arras on behalf of Erwin Rommel's 7th Panzer Division. StG 2 advanced into north-eastern France during the ash to the English Channel.
Initially he transferred to the Jagdfliegerschule (fighter pilot school) for further training in early 1935. On 1 October 1935 Hirschold was promoted to Oberleutnant. He moved to the Sturzkampfgeschwader (Dive-bomber wings) I./StG 162, then II. and III./StG 162.
Accurate bombing to within five metres of the bunkers stunned the Modlin Army defenders allowing the Germans to overrun their defences. The group took part in the Battle of Radom, in which six Polish divisions were destroyed from 8 to 13 September. It also reduced the Iłża pocket. The Prusy Army was severely damaged by air attacks by I./StG 1, StG 2, I./StG 77 and III.
In the afternoon 82 Ju 87s from III./StG 1, I./StG 3 and Stab, II./StG 77 attacked convoy CW 9. Anti-submarine yachts HMS Wilna, HMS Rion, trawlers HMS Cape Palliser, Kingston Chrysoberyl, Kingston Olivine and Stella Capella were attacked, having been sent to rescue survivors from previous attacks. Cape Palliser and Rion were badly damaged; none were sunk and the Ju 87s appear to have suffered no loss.
The men of Sandhurst received six mentions in dispatches and the Dover port personnel were awarded four George Medals—the last to Tug Harbour Master Captain F. J. Hopgood. Three days later StG 3 recorded their first fatalities when three men from Stab./StG 3 were killed in an accident. On 8 August StG 3 formed part of the strike force that attacked Convoy Peewit off the Isle of Wight.
The Ju 87s severely damaged SS Surte, MV Scheldt and SS Omlandia and sank SS Balmaha soon after. SS Tres was sunk by StG 77\. SS Empire Crusader in the lead, was hit by StG 2 and sank several hours later; four ships were sunk and four were damaged in the attacks. StG 3 was not listed on the order of battle on 13 August 1940–for Adlertag.
The following day it attacked targets in the Liege area. Stab. and I./StG 77 moved to Rocroi, near Charleville-Mézières to keep up with the advance. II./StG 77 operated in the Tirlemont area also on 13 May, losing two Ju 87s. First group attacked positions around Namur on 15 and 16 May.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, pp. 128, 134. StG 77 also contributed to the Battle of Sedan.
Price 2010, p. 170. I./StG 77 were to strike at Thorney Island with 28 Ju 87s; 28 II./StG 77 were assigned to Ford; and 31 III./StG 77 Ju 87s were to destroy Poling radar station. A fourth unit, Sturzkampfgeschwader 3 (StG 3 or Dive Bombing Wing 3), sent 22 Ju 87s to attack Gosport. The dive-bombers were supported by 157 Bf 109s; 70 from JG 27; 32 from JG 53 acting as close escort; and 55 from JG 2 which was to sweep the Portsmouth area in advance of the main raid independently.
II./StG 3 suffered two losses over Bône harbour on 2 January 1943. Supported by III/SKG 10, the unit sank two freighters, damaged four more, and damaged the cruiser Ajax. StG 3 suffered no losses. On 15 January 1943 Tripoli fell.
The Wieger StG-940 was an East German series of assault rifles loosely based upon the Kalashnikov AK-74. The StG-940 was chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO and the StG-942 in 5.45×39mm M74. The weapon was tested but not officially adopted by the East German Army. It was conceived and developed from 1985 and produced between 1985 and 1990, during the final phase of East Germany's existence as a state.
At the end of Barbarossa, StG 1 had lost 60 Stukas in aerial combat and one on the ground. StG 2 lost 39 Ju 87s in the air and two on the ground, StG 77 lost 29 of their dive-bombers in the air and three on the ground (25 to enemy action). IV.(St)/LG1, operating from Norway, lost 24 Ju 87s, all in aerial combat.Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), p. 119.
45 The Stuka became the symbol of the German war machine throughout the campaign. Operating without opposition, it supported the Panzer divisions by acting as flying artillery. On one occasion six Polish divisions trapped by encircling German forces were forced to surrender after a relentless four-day assault by StG 51, StG 76 and StG 77. Employed in this assault was the 50 kg fragmentation bombs which caused appalling damage to enemy ground troops.
The Ju 87s severely damaged SS Surte, MV Scheldt and SS Omlandia and sank SS Balmaha soon after. SS Tres was sunk by StG 77. SS Empire Crusader, in the lead, was hit by StG 2 and sank several hours later; four ships were sunk and four were damaged in the attacks. From 20 to 30 RAF fighters attacked the German aircraft and I. and II./StG 2 suffered one damaged Ju 87 each.
Reported German losses, excluding RAF claims, were lower. III/StG 1 and II/StG 2 lost eight between them while III/ZG 26 reported three destroyed and one damaged, two killed, one wounded and three captured. III./LG 1 reported the loss of one aircraft.
The three staffeln were formed from StG 1 in Bobruisk also, retaining the names (1., 2. and 3. Staffel). Hauptmann Heinz Frank took command of II./SG 1, originally II./StG 1 and its staffeln 4, 5, and 6, retained their numbers and changed wing.
The StG-940 was procured in 1985 for testing as a possible replacement for the MPi-AK-74N rifle (AK-74). It was designated the Sturmgewehr 940 ("Assault Rifle 940"), or StG-940. It was cancelled with the end of the Cold War in 1989.
125, 133. The Battle of the Bzura had stalled the advance on Warsaw. The 10th Army managed to reach its suburbs by the 8 September and StG 77 flew 140 sorties with III./StG 151 against bridges while KG 77 cut the rail lines.
442 people were killed when a hospital was hit. StG 2 lost three Ju 87s. Through August StG 2 lost three destroyed and one damaged and the following month five Ju 87s were lost. The Baltic Fleet operated from Leningrad in the Gulf of Finland.
Nörvenich was home to III./StG 2. All of them were under the control of Richthofen. II./StG 2 located to Siegburg under von Griem's Fliegerkorps V. Hitschhold's gruppe were involved in the counter air campaign during the invasion of Belgium on 10 May 1940.
Comparison of STG+ With Other GTL Technologies Primus Green Energy, April 2013. Retrieved: 29 April 2013.
Meanwhile, StG 2 carried out an effective attack on RAF Tangmere. StG 1 escaped without loss once more, but StG 2 lost nine with three damaged. The Ju 87 groups were mauled in the large air battles of the 18 August and saw no further action in the battle for air superiority. StG 77 lost 17 of its crews on that day. In the two weeks preceding, the Stuka units had flown 14 major operations and lost 39 aircraft from 281. For the remainder of August 1940 the only other incident of note occurred on 28 August when two third group aircraft collided at Deauville airfield killing all four men.
The Luftwaffe possessed several dive-bomber wings equipped with the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka in mid-1940; the Ju 87 having proved its effectiveness. StG 1, StG 2 and StG 77 were most experienced. A fourth wing, aside from smaller units such as StG 5, 76 and 151, was formed to increase dive bomber capability and organisation. A Stabsstaffel (command staffel) was formed from Stab./KG 28 (Kampfgeschwader 28 — Bomber Wing 28) at Dinard, France on 9 July 1940. According to strength reports, the command staff had four Dornier Do 17Z, one Do 17M, and two Heinkel He 111H aircraft all previously operated by KG 28.
The strength of the group is unknown, but the experienced Major Walter Sigel as commanding officer (Gruppekommandeur). II./StG 3 was formed from I./StG 1 at either El Agheila or Agedabia on 13 January 1942. Hauptmann Kurt Kuhlmey commanded the group. The same day III.
Within a few days the group had moved to support the advance in southern Greece. On 15 May it was based at Argos with II./StG 77. III./StG 77 moved south quickly. On 15 April it was based at Prilep-West, south of Skoplje, in Macedonia.
Stab. (command staffel – squadron)/StG 77 was formed at Schweinfurt on the 1 May 1939 from Stab./StG 51. Initially placed under Luftflotte 3, it transferred to Luftflotte 4 which used the designation numbers 76-100, as consequently was renamed.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, p. 125.
It was the first major operation of the wing in the Battle of France. StG 77's air corps flew 360 attacks against French Army positions on 13 May.Hooton 2007b, p. 65. The dive-bombing attacks by StG 77 on French artillery positions were particularly effective.
In response the whole of No. 10 Group RAF intercepted. One staffel II./StG 2 was badly hit by 609 Squadron; six out of nine Ju 87s were shot down. StG 1 and 2 gave up on their original targets owing to clouds. Both headed for Portland.
Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 (StG 1 - Dive Bomber Wing 1) was a Luftwaffe Dive bomber wing during World War II. StG 1 was formed in May 1939 and remained active until October 1943, when it was renamed and reorganised into Schlachtgeschwader 1 (SG 1). It operated the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive-bomber exclusively in the combat role. StG 1 served the German war effort on every front including limited Bandenbekämpfung operations in support of Wehrmacht and Nazi paramilitary forces.
The Special Tactics Group (STG) is the full-time Police Tactical Unit of the New Zealand Police and is designated a Police tactical group by the Australia- New Zealand Counter-Terrorism Committee (ANZCTC). The STG, originally named the Anti-Terrorist Squad, was established to respond to high-risk situations which are beyond the scope or capacity of everyday policing. STG officers directly support operational police in incidents, such as sieges, with specialist tactical, negotiation, intelligence, and command support services.
STG incorporates the former Haifa Development Lab and develops advanced technologies for IBM's Systems and Technology Group. The STG Lab in Israel is involved in three major activities: storage technology, de-duplication software, and chip design. Working closely with the Israeli hi-tech community and recent IBM acquisitions in Israel, the STG Lab serves as a focal point for building a storage ecosystem in Israel. The lab also works closely with the XIV team in IBM.
The invasion of Crete began on 20 May 1941. StG 3 lost three Ju 87s in a take off accident at Argos on 22 May. Ju 87 units inflicted substantial losses on the Royal Navy, though StG 3 managed only to severely damage and , assisted by StG 77. The damage to the latter ship may have been made by the single Ju 87 lost, which dropped a bomb into the forward gun position before it crashed.
Sturzkampfgeschwader 3 (StG 3—Dive Bomber Wing 3) was a Dive bomber wing in the German Luftwaffe during World War II and operated the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka. The wing was activated on 9 July 1940 using personnel from German medium bomber and other dive-bomber units. StG 3 was one of the few dive bomber units created during the war. StG 3 fought its first campaign in the Battle of Britain a short time after formation.
During June and July 1940, a third group was founded in Normandy which increased the strength of the wing to approximately, just over 100 aircraft. I./StG 77 moved to Cherbourg-en- Cotentin before operations commenced against the United Kingdom. It lost one staffel to Erprobungsgruppe 210 (Test Wing 210) and received another. III./StG 77 was formed from II.(St)/KG 76 and I./StG 76 but would not be ready for deployment until mid-August.
Dinort's I./StG 2 attacked the roads in the town; the bombing caused many civilian fatalities. Schmidt and Ulrich's gruppen attacked other targets and were not involved. Schmidt was replaced by Hauptmann Claus Hinkelbein from 10 September. Counter air operations against the Polish Air Force failed since the Polish fighter force dispersed and succeeding in getting airborne. Along with elements of StG 77, I./StG 2 claimed the destruction of the Wołyńska Cavalry Brigade at the Battle of Mokra.
A third Ju 87 from 1./StG 3 ran out of fuel and crash landed at Dunkirk.
By 20 December III./StG 77 had only seven serviceable dive-bombers.Bergström 2007b, pp. 100, 103–104.
From 26 December 1940 to 10 January 1941, I./StG 1 was transferred to Trapani and was subordinated to X Fliegerkorps. Stab followed on 22 February, with II. and III./StG 1. The purpose of the transfer was to assist Hitler's Italian ally in the Battle of the Mediterranean.
In June 1941, the remaining StG 1 groups (Stab and second group) moved to Suwałki, still under the command of VIII Fliegerkorps. Second group mustered 39 Ju 87s with 28 ready for combat. III./StG was based at Dubowo. The group reported 24 Ju 87s operational from 39.
The Stab./StG 3 was sent to refit and rest on 12 November. There is no record of it until April 1943 and its whereabouts are not known. I./StG 3 fought on but was purportedly annihilated in the retreat—on 1 January 1943 it reported no aircraft.
Over the winter 1941/42, StG 77 remained in the south. Luftflotte 4 set up Sonderstab Krim (Special Staff Crimea) commanded by Robert Ritter von Greim. StG 77 was attached to this temporary command. The objective was to support the German 11th army in the conquest of the Crimea.
On 11 July, 9./StG 77, under III./StG 77 lost another five Ju 87s as it supported attacks against the 69th Army. The 183 IAP were their attackers. In the afternoon, 50 Ju 87s supported the 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler's attack on Hill 252.2.
In the afternoon, escorted by JG 27 Bf 109s, StG 77s 52 Ju 87s targeted RAF Warmwell. The Geschwader failed to find its target, dropping its bombs at random. The other Ju 87 units had attracted much attention that day and StG 77 escaped unnoticed.Mason 1969, pp. 239–240.
The group consisted of 7, 8 and 9 staffel. ZG 26 was tasked with supporting elements of StG 1, StG 2 and StG 3 and their Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers. On 10 February 1941, ZG 26's opponents in Africa amounted to two squadrons; No. 73 Squadron RAF and No. 3 Squadron RAAF. Two days later Erwin Rommel, commander of the German Africa Corps arrived in Tripoli followed by elements of what became the 21st Panzer Division on 14 February.
A .22 rimfire copy of the StG 44 by GSG (German Sports Guns) has also been manufactured in great quantity for a lower price, but it is the only widely available reproduction of the StG. Talks have been made by HMG (Hill & Mac Gunworks) to mass-produce a StG-44 replica in different calibers, including the original 7.92×33mm Kurz, but also more modern calibers, like 7.62×39mm, 5.56×45mm NATO and .300 AAC Blackout, but these have yet to be released.
Photographic evidence taken by British Commonwealth personnel show at least five were captured this way. III./StG 3 retreated from Gambut to Marble Arch on 12 November. On 24 November the group was at Nofilia–North on the Gulf of Sirte as Axis forces retreated to Tripoli. The group reported large losses to crashes and relentless RAF pressure. StG 3 was further weakened when I./StG 3 was transferred to the Eastern Front in early 1943 leaving the other two groups in Tunisia.
Junkers Ju 87 B during the Battle of Stalingrad On 13 September StG 77 participated in a large offensive to destroy Soviet forces in the city. With StG 2 and SG 1, by attacking banks and bridges around the city.Bergström 2007b, p. 79. By mid-October 1942, StG 1, 2, and 77 had largely silenced Soviet artillery on the eastern bank of the Volga before turning their attention to the shipping that was trying to reinforce the narrowing Soviet pockets of resistance.
125, 127, 128. StG lost five destroyed and two damaged in the Sedan operation.Cull, Lander, Weiss 1999, pp.
In July 1940 all units were relocated to based at Angers, France, under the operational command of General der Flieger Wolfram von Richthofen., commanding Fliegerkorps VIII. StG 1 prepared for Unternehmen Adlerangriff (Operation Eagle Attack) which began the Battle of Britain. StG 1 formed part of Hugo Sperrle's Luftflotte 3.
He was also in charge of the STG team that evaluated the tenders for the Mercury spacecraft, which was awarded to McDonnell Aircraft. In 1960, Donlan left the STG to become the Associate Director at Langley. He became Deputy Director in 1967. As such, he oversaw the Lunar Orbiter Project.
19 were killed in action, four wounded in action and 18 missing in action. I./StG 2 suffered the loss of ten aircraft, four damaged, eight killed, one wounded and five wounded. II./StG 2 lost also lost ten aircraft, seven dead, one wounded, seven missing and two captured. III.
Hitschhold's unit then bombed rail targets in support of the Battle of Radom and Battle of Modlin. Hitschhold was appointed as Gruppenkommandeure (Group Commander) of I./StG 2 on 16 October 1939, ten days after the Polish capitulation. Hitschhold transferred to Golzheim. I./StG 2 trained their during the Phoney War.
Over the winter, 1939, Hitschhold's gruppe trained to knock out Belgian fortresses at Liege and opposite Maastricht, in the Netherlands in preparation for Fall Gelb. StG 2 was transferred to Richthofen in October 1939. In January 1940 it was probably located at Marburg. StG 2 crews undertook training in Graz, Austria.
II./StG 2 continued, without redesignation to operate until January 1944, when its staffeln (squadrons) were renamed and equipped.
A British wartime report concluded of StG 3 and the Ju 87, that mystique had evaporated; > The Ju 87 was nothing more than a psychological instrument of terror, > capable of only local and isolated destruction, ineffective against resolute > troops and highly vulnerable to our fighters. Staffelkapitän of 5./StG 3, Oberleutnant Hans Drescher concluded, "the position of the English at El Alamien could no longer be penetrated." II./StG 3 meanwhile exhibited a lack of activity in July and August 1942 and perhaps was resting and refitting.
StG 77 supported XXX Army Corps in the south from 11 June; crews flew three to five sorties per day. A combined arms attack from eleven 420 mm mortars and dive-bombing by Ju 87s of StG 77 knocked out Fort Stalin's main armament (three of the four 76.2 mm guns) in the fortified city on 12 June. 27 Ju 87s of II./StG 77 attacked Maxim Gorky's main battery and a hit is believed to have knocked it out. They also claimed Coastal Battery no.
I./StG 77 were to strike at Thorney Island with 28 Ju 87s; 28 II./StG 77 were assigned to Ford; and 31 III./StG 77 Ju 87s were to destroy Poling radar station. The dive-bombers were supported by 157 Bf 109s; 70 from JG 27; 32 from JG 53 acting as close escort; and 55 from JG 2. Poling was so badly damaged it was out of action for the rest of August but the British filled the gap with mobile stations.
All but one of the aircraft was combat ready. II./StG 1 was formed on 9 July 1940 in France, possibly at Saint-Inglevert Airfield, around Marquise, northeast of Boulogne. Hauptmann Anton Keil was appointed commander. III./StG 1 also did not exist until 9 July 1940 when it was formed at Falaise.
The German airborne forces were assisted by Junkers Ju 87 Stukas of III./'Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2) and I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (StG 77) helped suppress the defences. Henschel Hs 123s of II.(S)./Lehrgeschwader 2 (LG 2) which assisted in the capture of the bridges at Vroenhoven and Veldwezelt in the immediate area.
Stepp became a Staffelkapitän and led 7. Staffel (7th squadron) of StG 2\. He was awarded the German Cross in Gold () on 15 October 1941 and Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross () on 4 February 1942 for 418 combat missions. Stepp briefly as commander of I./StG 5 from 27 January 1942.
The destroyer Nestor was crippled in the attacks and had to be scuttled. StG 3 lost one aircraft. A follow up attack on 15 June with 35 Ju 87s sank the destroyer Airedale. Operation Harpoon, in mid-June 1942 was contested by StG 3 which sank freighters Burdwan, Chant, and tanker Tanimbar.
He knew nothing of the technicalities of his target. Behind him was Hauptmann Alfons Orthofer's II./StG 77 bound for Ford. After them, Hauptmann Herbert Meisel's III Gruppe was heading on the left of the formation for Thorney Island. Hauptmann Walter Sigel's I./StG 3 headed for Gosport on the extreme left.
Hooton 2007b, p. 49. StG 77 was involved in the Battle for the Hague later in the day, when Richthofen threw in half of his force to assist heard-pressed German paratroops.Hooton 2007b, p. 51. I./StG 77 moved to Aachen on 11 May and supported the 6th Army's crossing of the Meuse.
On the same day II./StG 77 attacked road traffic near Montreuil and Saint-Omer on 21 and 22 May. One more was lost in support operations on 25 May. I./StG 77 followed up the victory at Arras, by attacking troop concentrations north of the town.de Zeng, stankey, Creek 2009, pp.
On 10 January they were within range of the Ju 87 bases. II./StG 2 sent 43 Ju 87s with support from I./StG 1. Some 10 Ju 87s attacked the carrier unopposed. Witnessed by Andrew Cunningham, C-in-C of the Mediterranean Fleet from the battleship , the Ju 87s scored six hits.
Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2) Immelmann was a Luftwaffe dive bomber-wing of World War II. It was named after the World War I aviator Max Immelmann. It served until its dissolution in October 1943. The wing operated the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka, exclusively, in the combat role. Formed on 1 May 1939 StG 2 fought in the German Invasion of Poland in September 1939 which started World War II. It formed part of Luftflotte 2 in May and June 1940 and flew in support of Army Group A in the Battle of Belgium and Battle of France. StG 2 remained with Luftflotte 2 during the Battle of Britain before transferring to southern Europe to participate in the Battle of the Mediterranean. In the south it mainly served in the Maritime interdiction role as it bombarded Malta from January to March 1941. The wing then fought in the German invasion of Yugoslavia and Battle of Crete in April 1941 in the Martime, Air interdiction, counter-air and close air support role alongside StG 1, StG 3 and StG 77. The Ju 87 groups were successful in the Battle of Crete, the final phase of the Greek campaign.
Bergström 2007a, pp. 40, 42. StG 77 attacked Soviet supply lines unmolested in the Battle of Uman.Bergström 2007a, p. 62.
StG 77 supported German forces in the Battle of Białystok–Minsk.Smith 2011, pp. 195–196. StG 77 were moved southward to reinforce the IV. Fliegerkorps in Operation München within days.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, pp. 135, 141. It supported the 11th Army as it advanced across the Romanian-Soviet border.Bergström 2007a, p. 39. By 5 July, StG 77 had destroyed 18 trains and 500 vehicles.Smith 2011, pp. 195–196. On 11 July Hauptmann Gustav Pressler was shot down behind Soviet lines but returned within days. Pressler was one of three losses that day. On 12 July two I./StG 77 Ju 87s were shot down while 11 were put out of action after a Soviet air attack against their airfield by the 55 IAP.
Commanded by Major Paul-Werner Hozzel and Hauptmann Helmut Mahlke the attacks sank the Dutch vessel SS Ajax carrying a cargo of Wheat in five minutes, killing four men and wounding four. SS Coquetdale was also sunk with two men wounded. III./StG 1 lost two Ju 87s, II./StG 1 suffered one damaged.
The STG+ process follows four principal steps in one continuous process loop. This process consists of four fixed bed reactors in series in which a syngas is converted to synthetic fuels. The steps for producing high-octane synthetic gasoline are as follows:Introduction to Primus' STG+ Technology Primus Green Energy, undated. Retrieved: 5 March 2013.
II/StG 2 remained in Africa, but III./StG 2 under Brücker moved to Belica-North, 85 km south-south east of Sofia on 6 March. 35 of the 38 Ju 87s were available for combat operations on 6 April. The German invasion of Yugoslavia and the Battle of Greece commenced on 6 April.
On 22 June 1941, Operation Barbarossa the invasion of the Soviet Union began the war on the Eastern Front. Dinort and StG 2 moved to German-occupied Poland with Stab., I., and III./StG 2. The wing was placed under the command of Richthofen again, subordinating them to Fliegekorps VIII, attached to Kesselring's Luftflotte 2.
Nevertheless, the engineers won the battle. On 23 January, she slipped out of Grand Harbour, and arrived in Alexandria two days later. The carrier later sailed to America where she was kept out of action for a year. I./StG 1 and II./StG 2 had failed in their mission to sink the aircraft carrier.
StG 1 was involved in the first combat of the operation, which became known as the Battle of Kursk. 7 Staffel lost a crew in combat with the 54 GIAP fighter regiment. The German fighter forces performed effectively on the first day—I Fliegerkorps' StG 1 and 3 flew 647 bombing missions and lost four aircraft to ground-fire; though Soviet sources insist the aforementioned crew were shot down by fighters. StG 1 supported the XXXXI Panzer Corps in an attempt to surround the Soviet 13th and 48th armies.
Captured StG 44 were used by Polish partisan groups during World War II, including Warsaw Uprising in 1944, although they were not a commonly captured weapon. Relatively large numbers of StG 44 were used post- war by Polish anti-communist resistance groups until the 1950s. After World War II, the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc states supplied allied regimes and guerrilla movements with captured German arms, such as the StG 44, along with newly manufactured or repackaged 7.92×33mm ammunition. French forces discovered many in Algeria and determined the origin to be from Czechoslovakia.
By December they were based Marble Arch. Ju 87 undergoing maintenance (North Africa, 1941) I./StG 3 soon arrived from Rhodes just as the British began Operation Crusader. The Desert Air Force had parity in fighters and the Ju 87s began to suffer heavy losses. It was apparent that the "writing was on the wall for the Ju 87." On 20 November 1941 six from 12 Ju 87s from I./StG 1 were lost or damaged, while 18 more—most from II./StG 2—were damaged or destroyed on the ground.
On 13 August I./StG 2 knocked out a major supply bridge on the Volkhov River which disrupted withdrawing Soviet forces. StG 2 rendered invaluable support to the XXXIX Panzer Corps and XXXVIII Army Corps at Schlüsselburg, cutting off Leningrad, beginning the siege of the city and leaving the Road of Life the only means to supply the defenders. By September 1941, both gruppen were operating against supply and troop concentrations around Lake Ladoga. On 19 September StG 2 formed part of six major bombing raids against the city from 08:14 and 23:00.
An irreplaceable veteran of 700 dive-bombing missions died when his Ju 87 exploded in mid-air near Vinogradovka. From 16 July StG 2 covered the German II SS Panzer Corps resisting Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev. II./StG 2 lost three Ju 87s in combat. I. and III./StG 2 were rushed north on 15 July 1943 when a Soviet offensive, Operation Kutuzov threatened to destroy the 9th army and 2nd Panzer Army. Upon third group's arrival the commander Hauptmann Walter Krauss was killed in an air raid on Orel-East on 16/17 July.
A dive bombing attack at Brustem airfield destroyed nine Belgian Air Force Fiat CR.42 fighters of the 15. Belgian air defences were rendered useless. Dinort's StG 2 played a crucial role in supporting the Battle of Fort Eben-Emael by preventing Belgian reinforcements from counterattacking German paratroopers. III./StG 2 and I./StG 77, with elements of LG 2 assisted with the fort's capture though the position remained under heavy Belgian fire. Hitschhold lost five Ju 87s attacking forts at Namur and Liège on 11 May to Royal Air Force fighter. III.
On 11 October, Ittihad Tanger has introduced its new sponsor STG telecom in a three-year contract for 1,5 million dirhams.
In January 1944, 4 and 6./StG 2 departed the front for Neisse in Upper Silesia where they were renamed 10.
Only Stab./StG 1 took part in Fall Gelb, the attack on Western Europe. Three Ju 87s and six Do 17s (five operational) were placed under the command of Fliegerkorps II, attached to Luftflotte 3. To bolster strength, II./StG 2 and I.(St)/TrG 186, a specialised anti-shipping unit was placed under Eberhard Baier's command.
Troop trains were also easy targets. StG 77 destroyed one such target at Radomsko. During the Battle of Radom six Polish divisions trapped by encircling German forces were forced to surrender after a relentless four-day bombardment by StG 51, 76 and 77. Employed in this assault were fragmentation bombs, which caused appalling casualties to the Polish ground troops.
On 23 June 1942 Stepp became permanent commanding officer. On 2 March 1943 Stepp was ordered to Rechlin and appointed head of the Versuchskommando for Panzer Bekampfung (Experimental Detachment for Anti- tank Warfare). On 18 May 1943 Stepp was sent to StG 1 and 17 June took command of II./StG 2 with the rank of Major.
A formation of Ju 87s were ordered to attack convoys passing through the Channel. It consisted of 48 Ju 87s from six Staffeln of IV.(Stuka)/LG 1, II./StG 1 and II./StG 3\. The escort consisted of 80 Bf 109s from JG 51 and III./JG 26, the former led by Adolf Galland on a temporary basis.
In December 1940 it was earmarked for Operation Felix, the aborted invasion of Gibraltar through Spain. StG 3 were possibly scouting for targets on 7 October as a reconnaissance Dornier Do 17 from Stab./StG 3 crash landed to unknown causes. On 7 November 1940 first group flew dive bombing operations against shipping in the Thames Estuary.
Operation Excess began a series of convoy operations by the British across the Mediterranean Sea. On 10 January they were within range of the Ju 87 bases. II./StG 2 sent 43 Ju 87s with support from I./StG 1. Witnessed by Andrew Cunningham, C-in-C of the Fleet from the battleship , the Ju 87s scored six hits.
The following day it lost its commander Heinrich Eppen killed by South African Air Force fighters. II./StG 3 lost another aircraft over Bir Hacheim fortress. StG 3 lost five destroyed or damaged on this date—two were certainly destroyed and one severely damaged. Seven men were killed, four wounded with on of the latter captured.
Rommel's advance took the DAK to the Qattara Depression, near El Alamein. Airdale blowing up after a II./StG 3 attack. II./StG 3 had only nine Ju 87s on 1 March. On 7 April the group moved to Bari to rest and refit with Ju 87D-1s. On 24 May 1942 it transferred to Derna.
StG 77 was at the forefront of the German summer offensive in 1942, Operation Blue. The goal was to capture the oil-rich Caucasus. The wing assisted the First Panzer Army in the capture of Voroshilovgrad, Rovenki and recapture of Rostov.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, p. 131. I./StG 77 inflicted heavy damage to Soviet infantry, tanks and vehicles.
Oberst Gunther Schwarzkopf was appointed as the first Geschwaderkommodore. From 1 June 1939 it transferred to Breslau- Schöngarten and then from the 26 and 31 August moved to Neudorf. It maintained three operational Ju 87s when war began.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, p. 125. I./ StG 77 was formed from I./StG 51 at Kitzingen on 14 May 1939.
StG 77 was placed under the command of Fliegerfuhrer z.b.V., under Wolfram von Richthofen, part of Luftflotte 4. During the course of the campaign, the two groups were reinforced by III./StG 51 and IV.(St)/LG 1. The Stab, I and II group were ordered to support the 10th Army as it advanced into southern Poland.
On 1 September many of the crews of I./StG 77 flew four or five combat missions. With assistance from I./StG 2 and I./KG 77, first group assisted in the destruction of the Łódź Army's cavalry brigades (Wołyńska Cavalry Brigade). The attacks offered close air support to the mechanised XVI Corps.Hooton 2007a, p. 88.
125, 128, 133. First group, with III./StG 2, II(S)/LG 2 and front-line artillery units provided covering fire, the bridges at Vroenhoven and Veldwezelt were captured, but remained under Belgian Army fire for a day.Cull, Lander, Weiss 1999, p. 18. On 11 May StG 77 assisted Richthoffen's former command, now under Richard Putzier, against Dutch airfields.
On 5 July it lost six Stukas. With StG 77, it flew the bulk of the sorties for Fliegerkorps VIII on 8 July; some 701 missions in total. The wing provided close air support to the II SS Panzercorps. On 9 July StG 2 lost five of the six Ju 87s lost by the air corps.
Thereafter, StG 2 turned to the Battle in France. The wing contributed 200 sorties to the Battle of Sedan, and the breakout to the English Channel. Specifically second group were involved in the battle during the breakout phase on 14 May. StG 2 switched to support the 12th army for two days, south of Namur from 18 May.
On 10 May 1940 Hitschhold commanded a group of 40 Ju 87B dive bombers; 33 were combat ready. StG 2 remained under Richthofen's air corps command, part of Luftflotte 2, belonging to Albert Kesselring. During the Battle of France and Battle of Belgium, StG 2 transferred to Hugo Sperrle's Luftflotte 3. Hitschhold's gruppe attacked Fort Eben-Emael.
Other positions were built by the Main d'Oeuvre Militaire (MOM), Section Technique du Génie (STG) or the Fortifications de Campagne Renforcées (FCR).
184 They were attacked by Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers of I./StG 1 that hit Latona and set her afire.
By 13:45 all were in formation and beginning the 85-mile trip. Major Helmut Bode led III./StG 77 to Poling.
After the Armistice of 22 June 1940 StG 77 was afforded eight to ten days rest before moving to Caen in Normandy.
Unlike the StG, the CB rifles were only semi-automatic (like most battle rifles), but unlike most battle rifles, they utilized an obsolete yet proven design and boasted high-capacity magazines. The original CB rifles were slightly different from the StG-44, but by the time the CB-57 came around, it had practically exactly the same bolt assembly as the StG-44. The CB-57 was one of many prototypes devised for consideration for the Spanish army, however Spain eventually adopted the CETME rifle instead, leaving the CB-57 a relatively obscure, yet creative, firearm. Few designs of the StG-type have been produced since World War II, and the failure of the CB rifles did little to increase the popularity of similar reproduction rifles in modern calibers.
The nature of the fighting was described in one account: > On 21 June I./StG 77 flew three missions against anti-tank batteries and two > days later they caught and destroyed a whole horse transport column > accompanied by a few tanks in ravines at Inkerman. Unable to winkle out > Russian defenders in the natural caves and caverns of this region, StG 77 > sealed them in, blocking exit tunnels to one such system at map reference > GB9 with some precision bombing. Another horse transport column along with > tanks and troops was decimated in ravine N2C.Hayward 1998, p. 110. StG 77 flew against the Black Sea Fleet which brought in supplies and evacuated the Soviet wounded. On 26 June 1942, II./StG 77 sank the destroyer Bezuprechnyy, with 320 soldiers on board.
Fliegerkorps was equipped with units Stab, II. and III./StG 1. Also included were Stab, I., II. and III. of Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 Immelmann.
I./StG 2, with 29 of 35 aircraft operational, was ordered to bomb an airfield near Rochford but abandoned the mission due to bad weather. Enneccerus' II./StG 2 turned back when the formation of 27 was intercepted and promptly lost six Ju 87s [from an operational total off 33 from 39]. Enneccerus and his gruppe were tasked with destroying RAF Hawkinge on 15 August, a date known as "black Thursday" in the Luftwaffe. He lost four Ju 87s in the process. On 16 August StG 2 was involved in a large-scale attack on airfields in southern England.
The wing lost only one Stuka from first group, shot down over Hawkinge. StG 1's next major operation was on the 16 August. Stab. and III./StG 1 attacked and knocked out the radar station at Ventnor, which remained inoperative for an entire week, before also proceeding to destroy three hangars and half a dozen aircraft at RNAS Lee-on-Solent.
With II./StG 2 and I./StG 77 53 dive-bomber missions were flown and 320 individual sorties. There was no opposition by the VVS. Air support enabled the 6th army to capture the Volgograd Tractor Plant. The following day the Ju 87s suppressed Soviet artillery on the opposite bank and cut the flow of supplies to the defending 62nd army.
Fedor von Bock (left), Hermann Hoth (center), Walther von Hünersdorff (back side), and Richthofen (right, back turned), 8 July 1941. This photo was taken during the battles of Smolensk. On 22 June 1941 the Wehrmacht launched Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union. Richthofen continued his command of Fliegerkorps VIII which contained JG 27, StG 2, StG 3, 10.
They claimed one sunk and one damaged for one damaged Ju 87. Leutnant Eberhard Morgenroth's Ju 87 from I./StG 3 was damaged by RAF aircraft. Another attack on 8 November cost it two Ju 87s shot down. Unteroffizier Friedrich Imspring's 'S7 + ML' of 3/StG 3 failed to return, as did 'S7 + EL' of 3 Staffel piloted by Leutnant Walter Kummer.
It has been claimed Ju 87s formed part of a strike- group against shipping which caused the Slamat disaster. StG units purportedly sank the Dutch troopship . Costa Rica (8,085 tons), Santa Clara (13,320 tons) and Ulster Prince (3,800 tons) were also sunk, with heavy loss of life. Stab./StG 3 moved to Athens–Tatoi and Molaoi in preparation for the Battle of Crete.
Losses rose again. Knight's Cross holder and commander of I./StG 3 Helmut Naumann was wounded on 27 March. I./StG 3 attacked Tobruk harbour on 2 April, losing two aircraft and their crews despite a strong escort from JG 27 Bf 109s. On 11 April they committed 18 aircraft in attacks against motor transport near Sidi Mandur losing one and four damaged.
When it entered combat it had all but one of its 38 Ju 87s operational. StG 77 remained under the command of Fliegerkorps VIII. StG 77 then participated in early part of the Battle of Britain. As a prelude to destroying RAF Fighter Command and establishing air superiority for Operation Sea Lion, the Luftwaffe began by attacking shipping in the English Channel.
Surflight-to-Go (STG) is a touring professional theatre troupe which performs productions for schools and organizations. STG provides workshops and theatrical clinics, and an educational packet that includes a study guide, classroom activities and discussion topics. Classes and workshops are held during the summer season with a program entitled S.T.A.R.S. (Surflight Theatre Arts Resource Schools). Apprenticeships are also available.
II., and III./JG 53 and III./ZG 76 flew escort for the Ju 87s. The whole of No. 10 Group RAF intercepted. One Staffel of II./StG 2 was badly hit by No. 609 Squadron RAF; six out of nine Ju 87s were shot down. StG 1 and 2 gave up on their original targets owing to heavy cloud cover.
II./StG 77's share was 140 tanks, 45 artillery pieces, 43 anti-aircraft guns in addition to 10 ships sunk.Bergström 2007a, p. 115.
The group remained in Africa, until British counter-attacks drove Rommel's forces out of Cyrenaica. It was renamed II./StG 3 on 13 January 1942.
The activities of the Israel STG Lab include storage technologies, high-speed networks, high-speed circuits, software/ hardware integration, and physical design of VLSI components.
In the 1970s, Steyr developed an innovative assault rifle, the StG 77. A bullpup design, the StG 77 extensively utilized synthetic materials, and integrated fixed optics. The export version became the Steyr AUG—Armee Universal Gewehr ("Universal Army Rifle"), eventually used by the armed forces of over 24 countries. It has been prominently featured in films such as Octopussy, Commando, and Die Hard and Surviving The Game.
Somali Telecom Group (STG) is a telecommunications company based in Somalia. It was founded in 1993 in Rockville, Maryland, in the United Shades, by Abdirazak I. Osman, Edmund L. Resor, Abdiaziz Ismail Dualeh and Luis F. George. According to the company's website's front page, it is Somalia's "first telecom service provider". STG maintains offices in 10 Somali cities; its head offices are currently located in Dubai.
After that, the Stukas were on their own. The dive bombers continued operations in southern Europe; after the Italian surrender in September 1943, the Ju 87 participated in the last campaign-sized victory over the Western Allies, the Dodecanese Campaign. The Dodecanese Islands had been occupied by the British; the Luftwaffe committed 75 Stukas of StG 3 based in Megara (I./StG 3) and Argos (II.
German forces from Norway and Denmark attacked northern England and took heavy losses. JG 27 escorted Ju 87s from I. Gruppe of Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 (StG 1—1st Dive Bomber Wing) and II./StG 2 to Portland, where 18 Hurricanes from 87 and 213 Squadron flying from RAF Exeter engaged them. Two 87 Squadron pilots were killed and two wounded. Squadron Leader T G Lovell-Gregg was killed.
The joint venture was, however, dissolved in 2015. In 2010, Swedish Match and Scandinavian Tobacco Group (STG) formed a new company specialized in cigars. Swedish Match brought its entire cigar business (with the exception of U.S. mass market cigars) and pipe tobacco into the new company, while STG transferred all of its tobacco business. The new company took over the name Scandinavian Tobacco Group.
Stab./StG 3 and the solitary group under its command were ordered to attack shipping in the Kanalkampf phase of the Battle of Britain. The wing was moved to the Cherbourg Penninusla. It used airstrips near to the port city and Théville as forward staging areas, in close proximity to British shipping in the Channel. On 29 July StG 3 recorded its first major action.
In the first two days, the Stukas of Fliegerkorps IV, of which StG 77 was the only unit, claimed 54 tanks destroyed.Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 164. As German forces counter-attacked, StG 77 destroyed five of the main bridges across the Donets and damaged another four in a bid to prevent Soviet forces from retreating, while KG 3 inflicted heavy losses on road traffic.
Bergström 2007c, p. 58. On 8 July, StG 77 supported the Gossdeutschland against the fortified village of Syrtsevo. StG 77 lost five Ju 87s and another damaged in combat with the 240 IAP. The air corps claimed, with contributions from SG 1, 84 Soviet tanks destroyed, 21 damaged, 40 vehicles destroyed, and five artillery pieces along with two anti-aircraft guns and two rocket launchers.
On 12 July StG 77 was involved in the Battle of Prokhorovka. While the Ju 87s could only fly 150 sorties in support, but with StG 2 the attacked with great success against Soviet armour advancing in the open. The 31st Tank Brigade, of the 29th Tank Corps, suffered heavy casualties. The 36th Tank Brigade's commander was wounded by aircraft when his tank was destroyed.
StG 2 assisted in air attacks of Red Army concentrations near Grodno. From 22–30 June StG 2 lost seven aircraft. The entire air corps was deployed in support of the encirclement and then a further such operation in the Battle of Smolensk. Richthofen, Dinort and Walter Storp, commanding SKG 210, were awarded the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves for their contribution to the Minsk battle.
Rudel claimed 12 tanks—though his success and tanks kills have been questioned by historians and other German pilots. On 13 and 14 July the wing lost two aircraft on each day. During bombing missions to support the 4th Panzer Army's 2nd SS Panzer Division at the village of Belenikhino, StG 2 lost another veteran, commander of 5./StG 2 Knight's Cross winner Günther Schmid.
Rudel succeeded him. Egbert Jäckel commanding 2./StG 2 was killed later in the day—another Knight'sCross winner. The air operations by Fliegerdivision 1, to which StG 2 was attached, succeeded in halting the Western Front's advance. 449 Ju 87 missions were flown on 18 July. SG 1 and SG 2 were heavily involved in the repulse of the Soviet advancement on the Orel-Bryansk communication lines.
Examples also found their way into the hands of the Viet Cong during the Vietnam War, and the PLO. It is still used in very limited numbers by militia and insurgent forces in the Middle East as well as some countries in the Horn of Africa. StG 44s have been confiscated from militia groups by U.S. forces in Iraq. In August 2012, the Syrian Al-Tawhid Brigade posted a video clip on their YouTube channel showing a cache of StG 44 in their possession, which they claim to have captured amongst 5,000 StG 44 rifles and various ammunition from a weapons depot in the city of Aleppo.
After commanding I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 "Immelmann" (StG 2) in Poland, Major Dinort served as Geschwaderkommodore (wing commander) of StG 2 from October 1939 to October 1941. On 4 July 1940, in between the official dated given for the Battle of France and Battle of Britain, he led a highly successful attack on Convoy OA 178. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves in July 1941. During operations over Greece and Crete in April–May 1941 crews of StG 2 believed the blast effect of their bombs used against troops in Greece was greatly reduced because the bombs penetrated the ground before exploding.
Price 2010, p. 200. Total manpower losses for the unit amounted to 17 killed or mortally wounded, six wounded and five captured out of 56 men.Weal 1997, p. 81. II./StG 77 lost three Ju 87s to fighter attack and one damaged beyond repair, five crewmen dead and one captured. III./StG 77 also lost two Ju 87s and two damaged with four men killed.Price 2010, p. 201. StG 77s casualties amounted to 26 killed, six taken prisoner, and six wounded.Bungay 2000, p. 229. The battles brought the number of Ju 87s lost thus far in the campaign to 59 with a further 33 damaged.
The final phase of the Balkans Campaign, was the Battle of Crete. III./StG 3 moved to Megara and attacked shippin in the Aegean from 1 to 19 May and then Malaoi. Brücker's group was joined by Hitschhold's in preparation for the invasion. Hitschhold's I./StG 2 was moved to Argos. The invasion began on 20 May 1941. StG 2—both gruppen— with KG 2 and KG 26, bombarded anti-aircraft artillery positions before 493 Junkers Ju 52 transports began dropping German paratroops over the Cretian airfields. On 22 May Hitschhold's group sank the cruiser Gloucester with five 1,000 lb bombs. 45 officers and 648 men were killed.
Despite the condition of the gruppe, all units were committed to Fall Gelb. Cologne hosted stab. and I./StG 2 at the beginning of the offensive.
The wing does not appear on the order of battle in the north. StG 77 supported the attacks, with KG 2, 3 and 4 bombing the city.
The Alonso Valderrama non-directional beacon (Ident: CHE) is located northwest of the airport. The Santiago VOR-DME (Ident: STG) is located west- northwest of the airport.
A small number of I./StG 3 units remained on Crete to attack British warships in the eastern Mediterranean without successes. They departed in mid-November 1941.
Brücker's III./StG 2 bombed Tangmere and radar station at Selsey Bill. He lost four aircraft and three damaged. From 16 August 1940 it was non-operational.
On 11 August a Staffel of Ju 87s from II./StG 1 and IV./LG 1 arrived over the Thames Estuary to attack convoy Agent and Arena. The formation was protected by Bf 109s belonging to JG 26 and led by Adolf Galland. One StG 1 Ju 87 also fell to RAF fighters before the Bf 109s arrived. The raid sank two naval trawlers—Tamarisk and Pyrope killing 12 seamen.
The attack caused enough damage for the airfield to be out action for two days; but few aircraft were present on the field at the time. I./StG 1 attacked RAF Warmwell while Yeovil was bombed by II./StG 2. The Ju 87s were covered by 60 Bf 109s from JG 53 and JG 27. Another 40 Bf 110s from ZG 76 and LG 1 flew as support.
III./StG 1 returned in time to render valuable air support to the collapsing German front. Army Group Centre's lines were penetrated and the Red Army drove a deep wedge, or salient, into the German-held territory. StG 1 operated on the seam between Army Group North and Centre and helped contain the Soviet advance. One pilot Erich Hanne claimed 16 tanks and 26 artillery and anti-tank guns destroyed.
Thomas 2003, pp. 6–7. Three days later, MacLachlan was in action against two German units: Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2—Dive Bomber Wing 2) and Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 (StG 1—Dive Bomber Wing 1). He attacked one Ju 87 killing the gunner before dispatching it into the sea. Returning to base he spotted a Ju 87 that had double-backed, hoping to slip past the defences to attack the aircraft carrier.
On the first day of the offensive StG 77 was committed to counter-air operations, striking Polish Air Force (PAF) bases. The need for counter-air operations left only II.(Schlacht)/LG 2 for close support operations. The unit supported the German mechanised XVI Army Corps. Along with other units, Richthofen's I./StG 77 decimated a cavalry brigade of the Polish Armii Łódź during the Battle of Łódź.
In the aftermath of the North African defeat I. and II./StG 3 returned to the Mediterranean Theatre. Both groups spent the remainder of their existence based in occupied Greece. Each of the units began moving into Greek bases in mid-June 1943. Only third group was absent and remained in action on the Eastern Front. I./StG 3 was engaged in operations against the Greek resistance in July 1943.
Retrieved: 30 April 2013. STG+ produces gasoline, diesel, jet fuel and aromatics, depending on the catalysts used. The STG+ technology also incorporates durene reduction into its core process, meaning that the entire fuel production process requires only two steps: syngas production and gas to liquids synthesis. Other methanol to gasoline processes do not incorporate durene reduction into the core process, and they require the implementation of an additional refining step.
The oil tanker Niger was also destroyed. A flotilla of French minesweepers were also lost—Denis Papin (264 tons), the Le Moussaillon (380 tons) and Venus (264 tons). StG 2 played a role in Fall Rot, the final phase of the French campaign. I./StG 2 supported the 9th army as it pushed towards Laon and from the 8 June, the 9th and 6th army over the Seine and Marne.
It supported the army in the battles of Péronne, Somme, Amiens, Roye, Chauny, and Nogent and the advances east of Paris over the Yonne and Loire. II./StG 2 protected the 5th Panzer Division in the capture of Rouen and ended the campaign in Beauvais. III./StG 2's operations supported the same advances and ended the campaign in Auxerre. The Armistice of 22 June 1940 curtailed any further moves south.
Two days later, the Stukas suffered a comprehensive defeat in "The Hardest Day" battles and were subsequently withdrawn from air superiority operations. StG 77 lost 22 aircraft destroyed or damaged on that day. For the Stuka wings spent the rest of their time on the Channel front idle. StG 2 carried out training exercises and occasional "special" missions which amounted to low-level attacks against coastal shipping at dusk.
On 1 September 1939, the Wehrmacht invaded Poland. I./StG 2 began the invasion with 37 combat ready aircraft from 38. On the first day, I Gruppe bombed Wieluń, with other elements of the wing. The StG 76 and 77 were also involved in the bombing against the undefended town which may have occurred when faulty intelligence reports asserted the existence of a Polish cavalry formation was present.
It resisted Operation Crusader, losing Hauptmann Gerhard Schmitt killed on 5 December. On 13 January it was renamed II./StG 3 and was not reformed until June 1943.
A fallback line behind the main line, roughly following the south bank of the Albe river. Twenty-two STG-style casemates were proposed, of which thirteen were constructed.
The STG train with the SAS and are the last line of law enforcement response available before a police Incident Controller calls in support from the Defence Force.
The losses to the division are unknown, but it was mauled.Jackson 1974, p. 112. Ju 87 Bs. StG 77 operated the Ju 87 exclusively in the combat role.
The air fleet was detailed to support Army Group Centre. StG 2 was tasked with bombing Alytus airfield after 5./ZG 26 carried out a low-level attack.
Nordmann joined the Luftwaffe in 1937, and served as a reconnaissance pilot until March 1940, when he transferred to 1./StG 186, flying the Junkers Ju 87 'Stuka'. The unit was originally intended to serve on the aircraft carrier Graf Zeppelin, but in July 1940 was renamed III./Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 (StG 1—1st Dive Bomber Wing) and flew conventional bombing missions during the battle of France and Battle of Britain. Nordmann was awarded the Iron cross 1st and 2nd class during 1940. In 1941 Nordmann's unit was relocated to the Mediterranean for actions against Malta, where he claimed a 5,000 ton merchantman sunk. StG 1 took part in the invasion of Russia in June 1941 and in September 1941, after 200 operations and 20 tanks destroyed, he was awarded the Knight's Cross. During the fighting over Orel in the summer of 1942, Nordmann, as Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 8./StG 1, made his 600th operational mission, the first Stuka pilot to achieve this total.
152 could field five of the 10 Supermarine Spitfires available, 604 had five from 11 Bristol Blenheims serviceable while 609 listed six of its 10 Spitfires combat ready. On 8 August a series of naval and air actions occurred around convoy Peewit. In the late morning StG 2, StG 3 and StG 77 from Angers, Caen and St. Malo set out with their V./LG 1 escort, to attack the convoy south of the Isle of Wight, with approximately 30 Bf 109s from II. and III./JG 27 for high cover. From 12:20, Spitfires of 609 Squadron and Hurricanes from 257 and 145 squadrons attacked the German formations, joined later by 238 Squadron.
Primary auditory cortex (A1) Superior temporal cortex (STG/STS/PT) Audio visual cross modal interactions are known to occur in the auditory association cortex which lies directly inferior to the Sylvian fissure in the temporal lobe. Plasticity was observed in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) by Petitto et al. (2000). Here, it was found that the STG was more active during stimulation in native deaf signers compared to hearing non signers. Concurrently, further research has revealed differences in the activation of the Planum temporale (PT) in response to non linguistic lip movements between the hearing and deaf; as well as progressively increasing activation of the auditory association cortex as previously deaf participants gain hearing experience via a cochlear implant.
Only ZG 1, StG 2 and 77 were called on to provide air support for Operation Winter Storm, the failed relief effort. On 23 November 1942 second group handed over all remaining aircraft to StG 2. It transferred to Rostov-on-Don to refit. On 1 January 1943 it had only a single aircraft before re-equipping in February and then fighting against Soviet spearheads at the Rossosh and Dnepropetrovsk regions, often flying from Poltava.
Microtech Small Arms Research (MSAR) was a subsidiary of Microtech Knives which manufactures an American-made version of the Steyr AUG known as the MSAR STG-556. Introduced at the 2007 SHOT Show, the MSAR STG-556 is an AUG A1 clone available in either civilian, semi-automatic only and military/LE, select-fire variants. MSAR marketed accessories for its rifles until Microtech Knives Inc. closed down the division in March 2015.
Friedrich Lang's third group was also taken from StG 1, with 7, 8 and 9 staffel at Orsha. The redesignation caused SG 1 to inherit the Junkers Ju 87 dive-bombers from StG 1. First group would operate them into 1945, until they were partially replaced with the Fw 190. Second group began to replace the Ju 87 in July 1944 with the Fw 190, completed by the end of the month.
On 10 January they were within range of the Ju 87 bases. II./StG 2 sent 43 Ju 87s with support from I./StG 1. Ten Italian SM 79s had drawn off the carrier's Fairey Fulmar fighters while the escorting cruiser sank the Italian torpedo boat Vega. Some 10 Ju 87s attacked the carrier unopposed. Witnessed by Andrew Cunningham, C-in-C of the Fleet from the battleship , the Ju 87s scored six hits.
The group had suffered heavy losses—on 11 November 1942 it was virtually destroyed in combat with P–40s, possibly losing 14 from a formation of 15 aircraft. Actual losses appear to have been eight, plus a reconnaissance Do 17 aircraft. II./StG 3 reported 29 Ju 87D-3/Trops on 1 January 1943. III./StG 3 reported only 12 Ju 87D-1/Trop and 9 Ju 87D-3/Trop the same day.
Kupfer was appointed acting Geschwaderkommodore (Wing Commander) of Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2—2nd Dive-Bomber Wing) on 13 February 1943. He led StG 2 in the battles of the Kuban bridgehead and Operation Citadel. In April and May, several other fighter and ground attack groups augmented his command. Following the failure of Operation Citadel in July 1943, he took command of all local ground attack units, named Gefechtsverband "Kupfer" (Combat Detachment "Kupfer").
Soviet fighter forces were weak but the anti-aircraft fire of the Black Sea Fleet disrupted bombing accuracy. The Battle of the Kerch Peninsula lasted until May 1942. StG 77's notable success was III./StG 77s attack on the ChF VVS 36th Aviation Repair Shop in Kruglaya Bay near Sevastopol which killed the commander on chief of the VVS-ChF, Major General Nikolay Ostryakov and his deputy F.G. Korobkov on 25 April.
Bruno Dilley [who replaced Hitschhold in October] commanding I group returned to Germany and did II./StG 2 which left Africa in January 1942; it became part of StG 3 and reformed in East Prussia. Dilley's group recorded the temperature at –50 when it left the front with virtually no serviceable aircraft. Over the course of October the wing lost nine aircraft, a single Ju 87 in November, and five in December.
Schlachtgeschwader 2 "Immelmann" was formed on 18 October 1943 from Sturzkampfgeschwader 2. I./SG 2 was I./StG 2, II./SG 2 was created from the II./Schlachtgeschwader 1, III./SG 2 was II./StG 2. In 1941, Stukageschwader 2 was transferred to the Eastern Front. On 26 June 1941, Stuka Geschwader 2 attacked 60 Soviet tanks south of Grodno, and later discovered that only one T-34 had been knocked out.
Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (StG 77) was a Luftwaffe dive bomber wing during World War II. From the outbreak of war StG 77 distinguished itself in every Wehrmacht major operation until the Battle of Stalingrad in 1942.Hayward 1998, p. 123. If the claims made by StG 77 are accurate, it inflicted more damage to enemy ground forces than any other wing.Hayward 1998, p. 145. It operated the Junkers Ju 87 dive-bomber exclusively in the combat role. The Dornier Do 17 and Messerschmitt Bf 110 were both used in the air reconnaissance role. Founded in May 1939 StG 77 entered the war with only two of the usual three groups assigned to a Luftwaffe combat wing. It supported the invasion of Poland in September 1939 which opened the conflict. In May and June 1940 it operated in the interdiction, close air support and anti-shipping role supporting Army Group A and Army Group B in the Battle of the Netherlands, Battle of Belgium and Battle of France. In June 1940 a third group was added. Beginning in July 1940 it fought in the Battle of Britain, but the Ju 87-equipped wings were removed from the battle after just five weeks. StG 77 flew against British shipping until the winter, 1940/1941.
The Stuka was also heavily involved in Operation Citadel, the Kursk offensive. The Luftwaffe committed I, II, III./St.G 1 and III./StG 3 under the command of Luftflotte 6.
McLaughlin, p. 402 Her sinking is commonly credited to the Stuka pilot Oberleutnant Hans-Ulrich Rudel of III./StG 2, but Rudel dropped only one of the two bombs.Rohwer, p.
The wing maintained anti-shipping operations. On 12 September 1942 8./StG 3, of third group, and 1./LG 1 damaged the cruiser Coventry which was scuttled two days later.
Hooton 2007b, p. 69. On 23 May the French destroyer was crippled by I./StG 77 and had to be scuttled. The was damaged.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, p. 129.
Ward 2004, p. 123. The campaign ended with the fall of Crete on 1 June. III./StG 77 alone claimed 46,000 tons of shipping sunk. It claimed 86,000 tons damaged.
The perimeter was secured by paratroops.Hooton 2007a, p. 85, By the time of the German attack StG 77 had moved onto bases around Oppeln.de Zeng, Stankey and Creek 2009, pp.
Major Clemens Graf von Schönborn-Wiesentheid took command of III./StG 2 on 15 April 1940 from Ott. Only 27 of the 38 machines assigned to him were combat ready.
1 and II/StG.2 Ju 87 bombers attacking Malta, as the Stukas did not have adequate fighter cover until the arrival of 7./JG26's Bf 109s.Caruana 1999, p. 169.
The German offensive however, failed. In August 1943 III./StG 3 fought near Kharkov, Bryansk and in late September near Gomel. It moved to Bagerovo in the Crimea on 2 October.
The first objectives were operations against the Mediterranean Fleet, Allied shipping passing between Sicily and Italy, and the Siege of Malta. One of the first targets was the aircraft carrier . On 11 January 1941, II./StG 2 and I./StG 1 set out to attack Illustrious but chanced upon the light cruisers and . Hits were scored on both; Southampton was so badly damaged her navy escorts scuttled her—the group is credited with assisting the sinking.
Thus far, the Soviet fleet had remained intact in the fortress island of Kronstadt, despite a relatively effective dive-bomber offensive in September 1941. On 4 April 1942 62 Ju 87s from III./StG 1, I., and II.,/StG 2, supported by 33 Junkers Ju 88s from KG 1 and 37 high-level Heinkel He 111 bombers from KG 4 carried out a mass-attack. The operation damaged one battleship, four cruisers, one destroyer and one minelayer.
On 4 July 1940, StG 2 made a successful attack on a convoy in the English Channel, sinking four freighters: Britsum, Dallas City, Deucalion and Kolga. Six more were damaged. That afternoon, 33 Ju 87s delivered the single most deadly air assault on British territory in history, when 33 Ju 87s of III./StG 51, avoiding Royal Air Force (RAF) interception, sank the 5,500 ton anti-aircraft ship in Portland Harbour, killing 176 of its 298 crew.
At , the German artillery resumed its bombardment. Several artillery units had been brought up from Boulogne, doubling the numbers of guns available to Schaal. From the old town and citadel were attacked by artillery and up to 100 , after which the infantry attacked, while the German guns and StG 77 and StG 2 subjected the Citadel to heavy assaults for another thirty minutes. The 2nd KRRC continued to resist the German infantry attacks at the canal bridges.
Most of the Geschwader involved were based at Cologne and Düsseldorf. Included in the order of battle was Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27), equipped with Messerschmitt Bf 109s; KG 77, equipped with Dornier Do 17s; Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2) and StG 77, equipped with Ju 87 Stukas; and LG 2, equipped with Ju 87s, Bf 109s, Ju 88s and He 111s. The Corps was a purpose-built ground attack organisation. By 10 May, the order of battle had changed.
With Boris III of Bulgaria, he discussed dive-bombing techniques and the Corps' new aircraft, such as the Junkers Ju 88. Richthofen's Corps was given two wings of Ju 87s for the task; StG 2 and Sturzkampfgeschwader 3 (StG 3), based in Bulgaria. With reinforcements, the German air contingent, under Luftflotte 4, would have a total of 946 combat aircraft supported by hundreds of transport machines. This force outnumbered the Greek, Yugoslav and RAF forces combined.
During the early 1990s a major reorganization occurred within AFSOC. The 1720 STG became the 720 STG in March 1992; the transfer of ownership of Hurlburt Field from Air Mobility Command (AMC, and formerly MAC) to AFSOC in October 1992, followed by the merger of the 834th Air Base Wing (834 ABW) into the 1 SOW, which assumed host unit responsibilities. A year later the 1 SOW became the 16 SOW in a move to preserve Air Force heritage.
Emblem of StG 2 "Immelmann" On 1 October, Stepp took command of StG 2, thus succeeding Oberst Ernst Kupfer as Geschwaderkommodore (wing commander). 17 days later it was renamed Schlachtgeschwader 2 (SG 2—2nd Assault Wing). On 25 April 1944 he was awarded the 462nd Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves () for 800 combat missions. Promoted to Oberstleutnant on 1 May 1944, Stepp was transferred to staff office positions in the Luftwaffen Führungsstab in Berlin in August 1944.
Bergström 2007a, p. 109. In November, after a skilful Soviet offensive had ejected German forces in the Battle of Rostov, from the city, StG 77 covered the German retreat to the Mius River. Reconnaissance discovered the build-up to another offensive on 7 December. StG 77 destroyed 70 trucks followed by more vehicles the next day, plus eight tanks and one artillery battery. On Boxing day 1941, the wing lost five Ju 87s near Stalino to ground-fire.
Muller 1992, pp. 17–19. The Ju 87-equipped units made up only four complete wings of around 300 aircraft in September 1939, StG 77 being one of them. Two other StG existed, but only with a single group, while LG 1 maintained another in a mixed wing. The Ju 87s, commensurate with doctrine, participated in a variety of missions; the battle for air superiority, interdiction as well as the traditional ground support role for which it is known.
StG 2 were involved in loaning their experienced pilots to test the new Ju 87G. Hans-Karl Stepp [commander of StG 2 for the final 18 days of its existence] and Hans-Ulrich Rudel tested the new types. The Experimental Tank Fighting Unit went into battle near Bryansk on 18 March 1943 and accounted for a large number of the 116 Soviet tanks destroyed. Andreas Kuffner and Rudel became well-known and successful tank-busters on Ju 87Gs.
The Polish Corridor and its elimination were the initial priority for the 4th Army, supported by Luftflotte 1. The targets were harbours, roads and bridges in the Danzig. III./StG 2 supported the Battle of Westerplatte and Battle of Danzig Bay. second and third group supported attacks on the Polish Navy, after ineffective assaults by the Kriegsmarine. II./StG 2 fought in the Battle of Radom until 9 September but little of its further service in Poland is known.
StG 2 carried out attacks on shipping in the Battle of Boulogne, siege of Calais and then the Battle of Dunkirk. At Boulogne, the French Navy lost and crippled by Ju 87s. Both have been credited to I. and II./StG 2, the former was beached and finished by German artillery. In a major action, Dinort led 39 Ju 87s from gruppen I. and II in an attack on Admiral James Somerville's forces off Calais on 24 May.
On 13 August Adlertag began to destroy Fighter Command. Targets for the day were the Portland area and airfields specifically RAF Middle Wallop and neighbouring radar station and RAF Warmwell. 52 Ju 87s from StG 1 and StG 2 took off RAF Warmwell and Yeovil. I./JG 53 flew a fighter sweep ahead of the bombers from Poole to Lyme Regis in order to tempt the RAF into battle. I./JG 53 made landfall at 16:00.
On 2 September I./StG 2 were credited with having devastated a large Polish Army force detraining in Piotrków Trybunalski. The gruppe supported the advance to Częstochowa then engaged in the Siege of Warsaw. Hitschhold's group assisted in the destruction of the Łódź Army's cavalry brigades alongside Richthofen's forces. I./StG 2 then fought in the Battle of the Bzura which destroyed Army Poznań and Army Pomorze; it bombed Polish forces in and around the Iłża forest.
An Italian Ju 87 unit was attached to bolster its strength. The group appears to have ceased operations over Malta in mid-April. II. and III./StG 1 continued attacks on Malta.
Together with Aramis Hamer, Glass was part of STG project at The Paramount Theatre that aims to redefine historic cultural space in the form of an art gallery for local visual artists.
Triangle Service is a small Japanese video game developer. They develop games in the shoot 'em up genre (known as STG in Japan). It was founded by programmer Toshiaki Fujino in 2002.
Details for II./StG 77 are less clear. By mid-October it was engaged in the Battle of the Dnieper, attacking Soviet spearheads east of Kiev. First group also mirrored these operations.
All the crews returned, one from Soviet territory. Commander of I./StG 77, Helmut Bruck, landed twice on the steppe to pick up German airmen.Bergström &4\. Mikhailov 2001, pp. 22, 23, 24.
It did not return to the North African Front. Museum of Science and Industry Chicago. It remains the only surviving aircraft from the geschwader. I./StG 1 remained in Africa until January 1942.
39M W Steam Turbine Generators (STG) and auxiliaries have been supplied, set up and commissioned by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL). The combined cycle power station started commercial operation on 23 November 2001.
Romesh T. Wadhwani (born 1947/48) is an Indian-American billionaire businessman, the founder, chairman and CEO of Symphony Technology Group (STG), a private equity firm for software, Internet and technology services companies.
Shores, Cull and Malizi, p. 391 The bomb that sank the ship was dropped by a Ju 87 belonging to III./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2–Dive Bomber Wing 2).Weal 1998, p. 39.
Some of Weiß's pilots flew eight sorties. Hitschhold's gruppe was engaged in support of the battles. StG 2 remained supporting the 6th Army against the K-W Line to the 12/13 May.
It is available in civilian (semi-automatic only) and military/law enforcement (select-fire) variants. A limited edition STG-556, a clone of the Steyr AUG A3, had a production run of only 1,000 rifles. There was a limited production of 232 rifles produced with an 18.5" heavy barrel after tests proved that length provided optimum accuracy over the 24" length due to barrel harmonics. Another limited edition Steyr AUG A3 clone, the STG-556 Gebirgsjäger, had a production run of 500.
JG 27 ejected Jagdgeschwader 2 (JG 2—2nd Fighter Wing) from Charleville-Mézières. Stab/JG 27 with Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (StG 77—77th Dive Bomber Wing) moved on 16 May. Richthofen ordered JG 27 to cover Kampfgeschwader 77 (KG 77—77th Bomber Wing) and Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2—2nd Dive Bomber Wing) as Heinz Guderian's armour neared the Channel coast from 18 to 19 May. On 22 May, JG 27 was still operational over the ports, claiming 18 Allied aircraft between Calais and Dunkirk.
Hits were scored on both; Southampton was so badly damaged her navy escorts scuttled her. On 28 February 1941, Stab./StG 3 transferred to Fliegerführer Afrika (Air Leader Africa) in response to Hitler's decision to established the Deutsches Afrikakorps (German Africa Corps) on 20 January with General Erwin Rommel commanding. III./StG 3 was formed on 13 January 1942 under the command of Walter Enneccerus at San Pancrazio in Italy. On 1 March 1942 it reported 29 Ju 87D-1s, a tropicalised version.
The two groups attacked bunkers, fortress' from 14 to 27 September. They assisted with the destruction of Modlin Fortress, allowing it to be stormed. StG 77 returned to Brieg after the Polish surrender on 6 October 1939.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, pp. 128, 133. During the Phoney War StG 77 remained with Richthofen but was placed into the VIII Fliegerkorps. The air corps was attached to Luftflotte 2. The air corps Richthofen commanded had the majority of Ju 87 units.
Erwin Rommel and the German Africa Corps were dispatched to prevent an Axis collapse in North Africa. The 60 Ju 87s of I./StG 1 and II./StG 2 were dispatched to Tripoli. The two gruppen were the only offensive assets the Germans had in North Africa in February 1941. The German airmen were mostly from northern Germany and were unused to the harsh desert conditions. The first Stuka actions took place around the 14 February and resulted in the first losses.
The Battle of Fort Eben-Emael was crucial in allowing the German Army to breach Belgian Army fortifications along the border. The gruppe carried out attacks against Belgian reserves moving to the frontline. The Belgian efences in the region crumble the following afternoon, after the French 7e Division d'Infanterie failed to relive them under attack from StG 2 and Lehrgeschwader 2. On 11 May Hitschhold's I./StG 2 continued operations over Belgium in support of the 6th army crossing the Maas river.
The Ju 87s participated in a huge aerial counter- offensive lasting from 16 to 31 July against a Soviet offensive at Khotynets and saved two German armies from encirclement, reducing the attacking Soviet 11th Guards Army to 33 tanks by 20 July. The Soviet offensive had been completely halted from the airBergström 2007 (Kursk title), p 109 although losses were considerable. Fliegerkorps VIII lost eight Ju 87s on 8 July, six on 9 July, six on 10 July and another eight on 11 July. The Stuka arm also lost eight of their Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross holders. StG 77 lost 24 Ju 87s in the period 5–31 July (StG had lost 23 in July–December 1942), while StG 2 lost another 30 aircraft in the same period.
The destroyers , , , , and the Polish Okręt Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (ORP) Burza bombarded shore targets. The Ju 87 Stuka units made a maximum effort during the day, Wessex was sunk and Burza was damaged by StG 2 and StG 77 during a raid at StG 2 were ordered to target shipping. Dinort attacked Wessex but the destroyer made an elusive target and he missed after bombing on the second dive; the other two groups made a forty- strong formation which hit Wessex several times. The German crews had little training on anti-shipping operations but in the absence of British fighters, dived from ; as the departed they were attacked by Spitfires of 54 Squadron which shot down three of the dive-bombers and lost three Spitfires to the Bf 109 escorts.
These cheap, mass-produced weapons used a 71-round drum magazine or 35-round box magazine and though shorter-ranged than the Kar 98k rifle, were more effective weapons in close-quarter engagements. The StG 44, while lacking the range of the Kar 98k, had a considerably longer range than the PPS/PPSh submachine guns, more power, a comparable rate of fire, an ability to switch between a fully automatic and a default semi-automatic fire mode and surprising accuracy. The StG 44 was an intermediate weapon for the period; the muzzle velocity from its barrel was , compared to of the Karabiner 98k, of the British Bren, of the M1 carbine, and achieved by the MP40. Furthermore, the StG 44's inline design gave it controllability even on full-auto.
On 8 August StG 77 was involved in large air battles as Richthofen's air corps attempted to destroy Convoy PEEWIT. In the late morning StG 2, 3 and 77 from Angers, Caen and St. Malo, escorted by Bf 110s from V./LG 1, attacked the convoy south of the Isle of Wight, with about 30 Bf 109s from II. and III./JG 27 for high cover. Spitfires of 609 Squadron and Hurricanes from 257 and 145 squadrons attacked the German formations, joined later by 238 Squadron. The Ju 87s severely damaged SS Surte, MV Scheldt and SS Omlandia and sank SS Balmaha soon after. SS Tres was sunk by StG 77; four ships were sunk and four were damaged in the attacks.Mason 1969, pp. 217–218.Saunders 2010, pp. 77–99.
I./StG 1 moved to Cologne and stayed there until March 1940. At Delmenhorst the group became the first to receive the Ju 87R, which had long-range tanks fitted for Maritime interdiction operations.
Six British fighters were lost. (StG 77, Dive Bomber Wing 77) lost five on this date. No. 2 Group RAF flew support sorties in the area from 21 to 25 May, losing 13 bombers.
Syngas to gasoline plus (STG+) is a thermochemical process to convert natural gas, other gaseous hydrocarbons or gasified biomass into drop-in fuels, such as gasoline, diesel fuel or jet fuel, and organic solvents.
Ruben Cantu Airport is an airport serving Atalaya District, of the Veraguas Province of Panama. The airport is southeast of the city. The Santiago VOR-DME (Ident: STG) is located east of the runway.
It cost the group three Ju 87s. III./StG 1 also took part in the attack. It lost two Ju 87s over Malta on 5 March 1941. Third group also attacked Malta convoys MW 6.
Positions are open to current or past members of the Armed Offenders Squad (AOS). Officers must successfully complete the STG four-day selection course and three-week qualification course to gain selection to the unit.
30 destroyed, though it ran out of ammunition and remained operational according to Soviet records.Bergström 2007b, pp 42, 43. Other sources maintain, StG 77s 17 June mission put it out of action.Hayward 1998, p. 107.
Cancellation orders did not reach Luftflotte 3 HQ. Hugo Sperrle ordered attacks to commence. At 05:50, 88 Ju 87s of StG 77 began heading for Portland Harbour.Bungay 2000, p. 208.MacKay 2001, p. 31.
The airfields belonged to RAF Coastal Command and Fleet Air Arm. StG 77 committed 109 dive-bombers to the raid. It was the largest concentration of Ju 87s to operate over Britain.Price 2010, p. 170.
Other civilian 7.62mm Romanian AK clones are: SAR 1, WASR 10 (including WASR 10/63), Romak 991, Romak 1, and WUM 1. The Wieger rifle lookalikes known as the STG-2000 and STG-2003 are based on WASR 10 rifles, which are the only ones still in production. A version of the PM md. 90 carbine is also available in the United States, known as the "Draco" it has the folding stock removed and thus the BATF sees it as a pistol and legal to import.
They observed grey and white matter in the brain and found that the processing of function morphemes occurs in the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ). They also discovered that if the adult had received damage to their post-superior temporal gyrus (P-STG), then they would have problems producing functional morphemes in the future. Lee et.al. concluded that functional morphemes are required for producing lexically complex words and sentences, and that damage to the P-STG can result in adults having issues with these processes.
A Ju 87 B of 5/StG 2 is examined by British troops after making an emergency landing in the North African desert, December 1941. After the Italian defeats in the Italo-Greek War and Operation Compass in North Africa, the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht ordered the deployment of German forces to these theatres. Amongst the Luftwaffe contingent deployed was the command unit StG 3, which touched down in Sicily in December 1940. In the next few days, two groups - 80 Stukas - were deployed under X. Fliegerkorps.
Robert Gilruth, leader of the Space Task Group, became NASA's first director of the Manned Spacecraft Center in 1961. Johnson Space Center has its origins in NASA's Space Task Group (STG). Starting on November 5, 1958, Langley Research Center engineers under Robert Gilruth directed Project Mercury and follow-on crewed space programs. The STG originally reported to the Goddard Space Flight Center organization, with a total staff of 45, including 37 engineers, and eight secretaries and human "computers" (women who ran calculations on mechanical adding machines).
The wing was involved in the subsequent Battle of Stalingrad. On 27 July, first group scored a success against Illarionovskoye aircraft west of Stalingrad, and destroyed 15 aircraft and damaged 13. On 13 September Schl.G. 1 was involved in a major offensive by the 6th Army into the city; it caused heavy casualties along the river banks with support from medium bombers and StG 77 and StG 2, as they hit artillery and rear areas. The Soviet fighter defences broke through the escorting JG 52 and 7.
StG 2 was also lost to Hurricanes. II./StG 2 lost another in combat with Hurricanes.Bingham 1990, p. 225.Franks 2008, p. 47. In the same combat Carey also accounted for a Dornier Do 17. Later in the day Carey claimed a He 111 destroyed and another shared destroyed from another unescorted formation. After the encounter his flight attacked five Henschel Hs 123 biplanes and Carey claimed one shot down.Franks 2008, pp. 48–49. On 14 May 1940 Carey flew his last patrol in the campaign.
StG is an abbreviation of '. According to one account, the name was chosen personally by Adolf HitlerMilitary Small Arms of the 20th Century, 7th Edition, Ian V. Hogg, page 243 for propaganda reasons and means "assault rifle" as in "to assault an enemy position", although some sources dispute that Hitler had much to do with coining the new name besides signing the order. After the adoption of the StG 44, the English translation "assault rifle" became the accepted designation for this type of infantry small arm.
Only the 30° "I" version for the StG 44 was produced in any numbers. The bent barrel attachments had very short lifespans – approx. 300 rounds for the 30° version, and 160 rounds for the 45° variant. The 30° model was able to achieve a 35×35 cm grouping at 100 m. Zielgerät 1229 infra-red aiming device, also known by its codename Vampir ("vampire") Some StG 44s were fitted with the Zielgerät 1229 infra-red aiming device, also known by its codename Vampir ("vampire").
Stab./StG 3 with the assigned groups, moved to Libya, possibly near Bir Dufan southeast of Tripoli on 12 February. The command unit was operating in the Sirte area by late March. It was ordered to Austria at the end of that month. Wing Commander Karl Christ was given command of a ad-hoc unit named "Fliegerführer Graz". Under this command, were II./JG 54, equipped with Messerschmitt Bf 109s, II./StG 77, with Ju 87s, and I./JG 27 with more Bf 109s. Stab.
Operation Sonnenblume developed into a full-scale offensive which recovered Libya, with the exception of Tobruk. Enneccerus led his group on a carpet bombing attack in an attempt to support the capture of the besieged port. On 3 April Enneccerus lost three to six Ju 87s to the Desert Air Force in the Benghazi area. on 14 April, II./StG 2 and III./StG 1 lost four men between them over Tobruk; the port's defending fighter, from No. 73 Squadron RAF, claimed three Ju 87s.
The group fought in support of the Battle of Gembloux on 15 May. Over 15–17 May, Hitschhold's group moved to Saint-Quentin, Aisne. The capture of Liege airfield permitted close air support units to focus on the Battle of Sedan. The airfield came under artillery fire from forts still occupied by the Belgians until StG 2 intervened. StG 2 remained to support the 6th army's advance through the Dyle line before switching to support the 12th army for two days, south of Namur from 18 May.
Mason 1969, pp. 258–262. The following day 1, 43 and 601 Squadrons intercepted Ju 87s from StG 2 and Bf 110s from III./ZG 76 on their way to attack Tangmere—43's home airfield.
Reductions in first episode psychosis span a region from the right STG to the right insula, left insula, and cerebellum, and are more severe in the right ACC, right STG, insula and cerebellum. Another meta analysis reported bilateral reductions in insula, operculum, STG, medial frontal cortex, and ACC, but also reported increased GMV in the right lingual gyrus and left precentral gyrus. The Kraepelinian dichotomy is made questionable by grey matter abnormalities in bipolar and schizophrenia; schizophrenia is distinguishable from bipolar in that regions of grey matter reduction are generally larger in magnitude, although adjusting for gender differences reduces the difference to the left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. During attentional tasks, first episode psychosis is associated with hypoactivation in the right middle frontal gyrus, a region generally described as encompassing the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC).
On 4 May the group sank the Norwegian steamers Blaafjeld, Sekstant, Pan and Aafjord. StG 1 flew 100 missions against shipping. It attempted to sink the British aircraft carriers but none of the attacks were a success.
Guckenheimer studies dynamical models of a small neural system, the stomatogastric ganglion of crustaceans - attempting to learn more about neuromodulation, the ways in which the rhythmic output of the STG is modified by chemical and electrical inputs.
The stomatogastric ganglion of the crab Cancer borealis The stomatogastric ganglion (STG) is a much studied ganglion (collection of neurons) found in arthropods and studied extensively in decapod crustaceans. It is part of the stomatogastric nervous system.
It also reduced the Iłża pocket. I./StG 77 supported the Radom battle until 11 September, when it was pulled out to attack positions near Warsaw. It also reduced the Iłża pocket.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, pp.
The 720th STG also serves as the functional manager for two Special Tactics squadrons stationed outside the United States, the 320th Special Tactics Squadron under the 353d Special Operations Group at Kadena Air Base, Japan, and the 321st Special Tactics Squadron under the 352d Special Operations Wing at RAF Mildenhall, England. There are two Air National Guard units that augments the 720th STG for training and deployments, the Kentucky Air National Guard's 123rd Special Tactics Squadron, based at Standiford Field, and the Oregon Air National Guard's 125th Special Tactics Squadron, based at Portland International Airport.
A soldier demonstrates the transitional MP 43/1 variant, used to determine the suitability of the rifle for sniping purposes, October 1943. The rifle is fitted with a ZF 4 telescopic sight. MP 43, MP 44, and StG 44 were different designations for what was essentially the same rifle with minor updates in production. The variety in nomenclatures resulted from the complicated bureaucracy in Nazi Germany. Developed from the Mkb 42(H) "machine carbine", the StG 44 combined the characteristics of a carbine, submachine gun, and automatic rifle.
It may have had the missions cancelled due to bad weather. StG 3 formed part of a major attack on The Hardest Day, on 18 August. StG 3 sent 22 Ju 87s to attack RAF Gosport. The dive-bombers were supported by 157 Bf 109s; 70 from JG 27; 32 from JG 53 acting as close escort; and 55 from JG 2 which was to sweep the Portsmouth area in advance of the main raid independently. Sigel's Ju 87s, with no air opposition, swooped onto their targets causing large-scale damage.
Three days later, Ju 87s supported a 30-strong tank formation which seized the Pont du Fahs but was held at Bou Arada. The force turned to Djebel Mansour, but was defeated by the 1st Parachute Brigade. 14 Ju 87s of II./StG 3 were able to make a daylight attack escorted by 15 Fw 190s. On 21 January III./StG 3 lost three aircraft over Castel Benito in combat with No. 92 Squadron RAF. The group moved to Gabes on 1 February and on 10 Frebuary Zaghouan under Fliegerkorps Tunis.
70 his first victory during the Battle of Stalingrad, followed by a second Messerschmitt on the 24th. On 25 July 1942 the commander of Luftflotte 4, Wolfram von Richthofen, sent the Stukas of I. and II./StG 2, escorted by Italian Macchi C.200 fighters, to suppress Soviet strongholds along the Chir river, and Baranov's 183rd Regiment intercepted. In the ensuing dogfight Baranov shot down a Stuka and a Macchi C.200 - probably the Ju 87D-3 of Staffelkapitän of 4./StG 2) and the Macchi of Sottotenente Gino Lionello (21 Gruppo Caccia).
The wing still achieved some success covering the retreat from the Caucasus after the Soviet Operation Little Saturn. Over 29-30 December 4./StG 77 accounted for 51 Soviet tanks at Zimovniki. On 2 January 1943, the same unit lost two Ju 87s to the 236 IAP.Bergström 2007b, p. 109. Symbolic of StG 77s defeat in the Caucasus was the capture of its bomb storage at Belorechenskaya on 28 January 1943. Bergström 2007b, p. 114. On 19 February 1943, in the midst of the Third Battle of Kharkov, which Stab.
After the termination of the Crete operation, StG 77 returned to Poland under the command of II. Fliegerkorps, and attached to Luftflotte 2. It operated on the hinge of Army Group Centre and South. On 22 June 1941 Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, began the war on the Eastern Front. StG 77's first mission was to support the crossing of the Bug River and the breaching of the demarcation line founded by the Nazi-Soviet Pact in 1939. The support helped 17th and 18th Panzer Divisions to make the crossing.
Elements of the wing fought in the North African Campaign until January 1942. The bulk of StG 2 fought on the Eastern Front from 22 June 1941, after Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union began. It fought in support of all three Army Groups, and served in major battles such as the Siege of Leningrad, Battle of Moscow and Battle of Stalingrad in 1941 and 1942. StG 2 supported German forces in the Battle of Kursk, one of the last major offensives on the Eastern Front in July 1943.
Third gruppe lost four aircraft to French Curtiss P-36 Hawks on the 11 May and supported the battles at Gembloux by attacking French armour suffering a solitary casualty to RAF fighters on 12 May. Another was lost on 14 and 15 May at Gembloux. I./StG 76, under Dinort's direct command, with Otto Weiß's II.(S)/LG 2, supported XVI Army Corps commanded by Erich Hoepner. During the course of the Battle of Hannut, and Battle of Gembloux Gap I./StG 76 lost seven Ju 87s to anti-aircraft defences.
In March, the pro-German Yugoslav government was toppled. A furious Hitler ordered the attack on Greece to be expanded to include Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Operation Marita. The Luftwaffe committed StG 1, 2 and 77 to the campaign.
The wing supported German forces in the Battle of Kos and Battle of Rhodes. I./StG 3 discovered Royal Navy forces evacuating through the Scarpanto Strait. On 7 October 18 Ju 87s dive bombed and damaged HMS Penelope.
Dive bomber operations were carried out without much interference initially. Operation Bustard Hunt commenced on 8 May 1942, to crush the beachhead at Kerch. StG 77 pilots flew five sorties per day and dropped 200 tons of bombs.
Keil was replaced by Johann Zemsky. Keil had fallen to 191 IAP's Yegor Novikov. Keil attempted to force-land in Soviet territory but the Ju 87 overturned and they were killed. August operations had cost StG 1 20 aircraft.
He coined the former disorder as "word deafness". Kussamul also localized this disorder to the left STG. Wernicke interpreted Kussamul's case as an incomplete variant of his sensory aphasia. In 1885, Lichtheim also reported of an auditory agnosia patient.
The convoy turned back to Egypt. The attack, led by Walter Sidel, may have damaged the tanker Kentucky. The group was based at Fuka by 1 July 1942 via El Adem. I. and II./StG 3 joined the group.
Weal 2008, p. 32. The target of the attacks was the 47th Army.Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 153. On 9 May II./StG 77 lost two Ju 87s in action with the 45th Fighter Aviation Regiment as it bombed fortifications.
The EMP 44 was rejected due to its failure to pass acceptance tests, but mainly because new weapons like the MP 44/STG 44 were already produced with the goal to replace both the MP 40 and the Karabiner 98k.
The Stukawaffe strength stood at 151.Bergström 2007 (Stalingrad title), p. 49. During the Battle of Stalingrad, Stukas flew thousands of sorties against Soviet positions in the city. StG 1, 2 and 77 flew 320 sorties on 14 October 1942.
Two of the standard issue bolt-action Karabiner 98k rifles in the squad could be replaced with semi-automatic Gewehr 43 rifles and occasionally, StG-44 assault rifles could be used to re-arm the whole squad, besides the machine-gun.
The rifle grenade-propelling cartridges fired a wooden projectile through the barrel to the rifle grenade that, upon impact, automatically primed the rifle grenade. The Schiessbecher could be mounted on the Karabiner 98a, G98/40, StG 44 and FG 42.
An abandoned StG 3 aircraft in Tunis. A Junkers Ju 52 is in the background, 1943 The latter group was based at Bir Dufan under Fliegerführer Afrika. Within ten days it had lost six of these aircraft—two to combat.
The command unit was relocated to Brètigny, south of Paris. Oberst Karl Angerstein became the wing's first commanding officer (Geschwaderkommodore) but was replaced on 27 July by Oberstleutnant Hermann Edert. I./StG 3 was formed near Barly, southwest of Arras.
It did partake in intensive air attacks which broke up the front of the 51st Army initially. The attack failed and the wing experiences heavy attrition. For example, 8./StG 77 lost six machines between 16 and 19 December 1942.
Third group was based in the same area with 32 of 40 aircraft ready for operations. The Stab. unit had three available dive-bombers. II./StG 77 was assigned to Graz-Thalerhof with 34 of 39 Ju 87s ready for combat.
At the end of 1941, the invasion had failed to destroy the Soviet military. From 22 June to 22 November 1941, StG 77 claimed the destruction of 2,401 motor vehicles, 234 tanks, 92 artillery batteries, 21 trains, for 25 losses.
Richthofen's men flew 750 sorties and dropped 388 tons of bombs. The air action destroyed remaining resistance, allowing the army to mop up.Hooton 2007a, p. 91. StG 77 was also used in the Siege of Warsaw.Hooton 2007a, pp. 91–92.
The capture began a series of intensive battles which lasted another six months for III./StG 2 until withdrawn in May 1942. Recorded losses were six aircraft and one damaged. Eight men were reported missing, two killed and two wounded.
The sweep failed to attract or divert RAF squadrons. Instead, it succeeded in alerting the RAF defences a critical five minutes earlier. When the main wave of StG 2 arrived over the coast, they were greeted by 77 RAF fighters.
It was still used by other public security formations thereafter. The ammunition was manufactured there at least until 1961. Other countries to use the StG 44 after World War II included Czechoslovakia (although it was not officially adopted) and Yugoslavia, where units such as the 63rd Paratroop Battalion were equipped with it until the 1980s, when the rifles were ultimately transferred to Territorial Defense reserves or sold to friendly regimes in the Middle East and Africa. France adopted captured StG 44 for colonial Foreign Legion units. Argentina manufactured their own trial versions of the StG 44 made by CITEFA in the late 1940s and early 1950s, but instead adopted the FN FAL in 1955, because it used the then more common and powerful 7.62×51mm NATO round, which also lacked connections with the Third Reich. New semi-automatic civilian reproductions of the MKb 42(H), MP 43/1, and StG 44 are being manufactured in Germany today by SSD (Sport Systeme Dittrich) and distributed by HZA Kulmbach GmbH in the original 7.92×33mm Kurz chambering and accepting the standard magazines. The PTR-44 by PTR Industries was produced for a short while, but was soon discontinued due to high prices and lack of demand.
On 17 May 1942 II./StG 1 was ordered to Konstantinovka in the Donets Basin, in preparation for Operation Blue, the summer offensive to the Caucasus. The wing was not sent as an emergency force to the Second Battle of Kharkov, which StG 2 and 77 were sent. Another experienced pilot was lost on 21 May; Group Commander Hauptmann von Malapert-Neufville was killed north of Orel. On 17 June elements of the group bombed Soviet partisans positions after an attack on a train in the Shukovka area, to the rear of the Second Panzer Army.
The mission was a disaster for the Germans—eight Ju 87s were shot down, three severely damaged and six lightly damaged with the loss of one killed, 16 missing and two woundeded. By 5 July, however, the unit fielded 42 Ju 87s—40 of the D-3 variant. I./StG 1 fielded a weaker force of 32 Ju 87Ds while third group also had 42 Ju 87s The wing's first and second group were based east of Orel for Citadel. They were joined by I./StG 1, which had been formed for a second time after its initial formation had been renamed III.
In November 2014, Scandinavian Tobacco Group, the world's largest manufacturer of cigars and pipe tobacco began talks with firm Rhône Capital about a potential sale of the company for around $2 billion. CVC Capital and Pamplona Capital were also listed as potential bidders. STG is owned by Skandinavisk Holding and Swedish Match and have hired JPMorgan Chase to look at options for the business and explored an initial public offering before deciding on a sale. STG has 10,000 employees in 20 countries and EBITDA of SEK1.2 billion ($201 million) on revenue of SEK5.9 billion for 2013.
Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), p. 85. Elsewhere on the Eastern front, the Junkers assisted Army Group Centre in its drive toward Moscow. From 13 to 22 December 420 vehicles and 23 tanks were destroyed by StG 77, greatly improving the morale of the German infantry, who were by now on the defensive.Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), pp. 112–113. StG 77 finished the campaign as the most effective dive bomber wing. It had destroyed 2,401 vehicles, 234 tanks, 92 artillery batteries and 21 trains for the loss of 25 Ju 87s to hostile action.Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), p. 115.
The superior temporal gyrus (STG) is important for language comprehension, but studies also suggest that it plays a functional role in the cocktail party effect. A magnetoencephalography study was conducted on participants that were exposed to five differing listening conditions each with a different level of background noise. It was discovered that the STG has a strong connection with the attended speech stream in a cocktail party setting. When the attended speech stream wasn’t disrupted by background noise a bilateral connection was displayed, but as more background noise was introduced the connection became left-hemisphere-dependent.
In March 2000, the station was purchased by STG Media LLC (Steven J. Shelton, president) for a reported sale price of $425,000. In November 2001, due to a proposed refinancing of the parent company STG Media, LLC, applied to the FCC to transfer the licenses of WAHR, WLOR, and WRTT-FM to Black Crow Media Group subsidiary BCA Media, LLC. Just two days later, another application was filed to shift the licenses to BCA Radio, LLC. The FCC approved the moves on November 15, 2001, and the consummation of the transaction occurred on November 19, 2001.
Composing the soundtrack were Tamayo Kawamoto of RayForce, Go Sato of Raiden, and Motoaki Furukawa of Gradius. Okano claimed that Thunder Force VI would be the first game under the "Project STG", a brand name which he intended to be used for a potential series of shoot'em up revivals and reboots. He stated in an interview that more games would likely be released under the Project STG name if Thunder Force VI proved to be a success. Okano had thought about porting the game to either the Xbox 360 or PlayStation Portable, but these ideas quickly fell through.
The StG 44 (abbreviation of Sturmgewehr 44, "assault rifle 44") is a German selective-fire assault rifle developed during World War II by Hugo Schmeisser. It is also known as the MP 43 and MP 44 (Maschinenpistole 43 and 44). The StG44 was an improvement of an earlier design, the Maschinenkarabiner 42(H). The StG 44 was the first successful assault rifle, with features including a relatively short cartridge, controllable automatic fire, a more compact design than a battle rifle with a quicker rate of fire, and intended for hitting targets within a few hundred metres.
German Sports Guns (GSG) The StG 44 was the first assault rifle-type weapon to be accepted into widespread service and put into mass production. "The principle of this weapon — the reduction of muzzle impulse to get useful automatic fire within actual ranges of combat — was probably the most important advance in small arms since the invention of smokeless powder." The StG 44's effect on post-war arms design was wide-ranging, as made evident by Mikhail Kalashnikov's AK-47, and later Eugene Stoner's M16 and its variants. The Soviet Union was quick to adopt the assault rifle concept.
Mutually inhibitory processes are a unifying motif of all central pattern generators. This has been demonstrated in the stomatogastric (STG) nervous system of crayfish and lobsters.Michael P. Nusbaum and Mark P. Beenhakker, A small-systems approach to motor pattern generation, Nature 417, 343–350 (16 May 2002) Two and three-cell oscillating networks based on the STG have been constructed which are amenable to mathematical analysis, and which depend in a simple way on synaptic strengths and overall activity, presumably the knobs on these things.Cristina Soto-Treviño, Kurt A. Thoroughman and Eve Marder, L. F. Abbott, 2006.
The Steyr AUG (Armee-Universal-Gewehr—"universal army rifle") is an Austrian 5.56×45mm NATO bullpup assault rifle, designed in the 1960s by Steyr-Daimler- Puch and now manufactured by Steyr Mannlicher GmbH & Co KG. It was adopted by the Austrian Army as the StG 77 (Sturmgewehr 77) in 1978, where it replaced the 7.62×51mm NATO StG 58 automatic rifle (a licence-built FN FAL).Ezell (1993) p. 223 In production since 1978, it is the standard small arm of the Austrian Bundesheer and various national police units. Its variants have also been adopted by the armed forces of dozens of countries.
Hooton 1994, p. 183. On 4 September StG 77, with KG 4, KG 55, KG 76 and KG 77 were used against rail and road traffic in support of the 4th Army. The attacks were so successful that there were a shortage of targets.Hooton 1994, p. 183. On 6 September I./StG 77 hit targets in the Warsaw area for the first time. Second group supported the advance to the Vistula and moved to Kruszyna. From 8 to 13 September the group took part in the Battle of Radom, in which six Polish divisions were destroyed from 8 to 13 September.
One group based at Tusov airfield 20 miles west of Kalach, escaped tanks of the 26th Soviet Tank Corps by flying away though other units were caught. Stab., I., and II./StG 2 reported 40 aircraft destroyed—17 to enemy action, 11 to other causes, six damaged and under repair and six sent to other units. The remainder are not specified in the Quartermaster records or StG 2's war diary. At least 25 Ju 87s were lost or severely damaged in November 1942. On 24 November 1942 another significant loss was Hauptmann Joachim Langbehn, a veteran of 400 combat missions.
It was produced in several variants: an "I" version for infantry use, a "P" version for use in tanks (to cover the dead areas in the close range around the tank, to defend against assaulting infantry), versions with 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° bends, a version for the StG 44 and one for the MG 42. Only the 30° "I" version for the StG 44 was produced in many numbers. The bent barrel attachments had very short lifespans – approx. 300 rounds for the 30° version, and 160 rounds for the 45° variant–as the barrel and bullets fired were put under great stress.
This is consistent with neuropsychological studies of brain-damaged patients and with the notion that the central auditory system performs some form of spectral decomposition of the ENVp of incoming sounds. The ranges over which cortical responses encode well the temporal-envelope cues of speech have been shown to be predictive of the human ability to understand speech. In the human superior temporal gyrus (STG), an anterior- posterior spatial organization of spectro-temporal modulation tuning has been found in response to speech sounds, the posterior STG being tuned for temporally fast varying speech sounds with low spectral modulations and the anterior STG being tuned for temporally slow varying speech sounds with high spectral modulations. One unexpected aspect of phase locking in the auditory cortex has been observed in the responses elicited by complex acoustic stimuli with spectrograms that exhibit relatively slow envelopes (< 20 Hz), but that are carried by fast modulations that are as high as hundreds of Hertz.
The Soviet summer offensives drove the Wehrmacht and its allies back into Central Ukraine, from August through to October 1943. I./StG 2 retreated to Karachev by 19 July. From 14 August it operated at Poltava, and then along the Mius front, in the vicinity of Stalino and over Dmitriyevka, 84 km east of Dnepropetrovsk by 29 August. The goup ended operations at Pervomaisk on 18 October 1943. Of the losses recorded, there were seven Ju 87s destroyed and two damaged from 20 August to 18 October 1943. Among the victims was commanding officer, Alwin Börst, wounded in action on 27 September 1943. II./StG 2 remained active over Donets, Nikopol, Zaporozhye and the Kherson bridgehead. From August to October 1943 it recorded eight losses and one damaged. 5./StG commanding officer, Peter Keller was killed on 28 October. The group was uniquely exempted for redesignation in October 1943 and continued to exist as an independent group attached first to Luftflotte 6, then luftflotte 4.
Specific operations of these small contingent are unknown. I./StG 1 arrived in France at Evreux on around the third week of June. The group attacked fortified positions around the Cherbourg Peninsula. The fighting ended with the Armistice of 22 June 1940.
The destroyer , which was hit several times, snapped in half, then sank. On 24 July StG 1 sank the freighter Terlings and the Norwegian steamer Kollskegg. The next day, CW 8 was discovered and attacked by 11.(Stuka)/LG 1 and III.
On 9 May both groups bombed Malta. Amongst their losses was Oberleutnant Ulrich Heinze of 9 staffel, killed while engaging a British submarine in the harbour. II./StG 1 attacked another convoy on 9 May and withdrew to Greece on 12 May.
The group was renamed II./SG 1 at Bobruisk or Mogilev on 18 October. I./StG 1 was renamed at Gorodok on 18 October. Over the course of August to October it had lost 16 Ju 87s 13 men killed and two missing.
Polish forces at Bydgoszcz and Danzig, were also bombed on 3 September. The Bydgoszcz Główna railway station was probably the target. On 3 September KG 1 attacked the Polish Navy, in support of the Kriegsmarine. With II. and II./StG 2, IV(St).
The brand name is a synaeresis of the words Wiesa (town of manufacture) and Germany. The weapon was intended for export but also for the use of the national special forces (the STG-943 was known to be in use with the Stasi).
StG 1 and 2 gave up on their original targets owing to clouds. Both headed for Portland. Erprobungsgruppe 210 was sent further east for an operation to attack targets near Southend. They took off at 15:15 and were escorted by ZG 76\.
On the 1 September 1939 German forces invaded Poland. III./KG 3 attacked Polish positions defending the Tczew bridge. Despite the attack, and another from StG 1, the Poles repaired the wires and blew up the bridge two hours later.Hooton 1994, p. 179.
The STG began considering Mercury Mark II, a two-person successor to the original Mercury spacecraft. This confidence was shattered on April 12, 1961, when the Soviet Union launched Vostok 1, and cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to orbit the Earth.
Sabertooth Games (STG) is a now defunct Memphis, Tennessee based game company, founded in 2001. The company primarily produced collectible card games as a subsidiary of Games Workshop, PLC. Sabertooth Games was considered a "sister company" of the other divisions in BL Publishing.
Soviet destroyer Gordy, Grozyaschi, and Silny were damaged. One pilot, Hans-Ulrich Rudel sank the battleship Marat. In the same action, the commanding officer of III./StG 2, Ernst-Siegfried Steen was killed when he was shot down attacking the Soviet cruiser Kirov.
Nine men were posted missing, three wounded and six killed. III./StG 2 conducted wider ranging operations in 1943. The main body of the group was still at Vyazma but elements fought at Kharkov, then south along the Voronezh, Rossosh and Millerovo.
Both headed for Portland. On 15 August Hitschhold's group stood down while the other gruppen engaged in the large air battles of the day. On 16 August, StG 2 was fully committed nearly 100 Ju 87s to an attack on RAF Tangmere.
Interdiction operations were flown against the Leningrad–Moscow rail lines. In mid-September I./StG 2 was based at Velizh deep inside the Soviet Union. From this point it enforced the Siege of Leningrad. Hitschhold's crews focused on the Baltic Fleet at Kronstadt.
Bergström 2007b, pp. 40–43. With StG 77 and KG 76, the group dropped 570 tons of bombs and 500 SC50 bombs.Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 194. The attack units of Luftflotte 4 dropped 2,264 tons of bombs and 23,800 incendiary bombs in 3,069 sorties.
Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (Dive Bomber Wing 77, or StG 77) also arrived to add direct ground support. Pflugbeil now had 10 bomber, six fighter and four Junkers Ju 87 Stuka Gruppen (Groups). Logistical difficulties meant that only 54.5 percent were operational at any given time.
The destroyer Zulu was sunk alongside it. One source states the destroyer was sunk by Italian aircraft. Other sources credit StG 3. The destroyer's commanding officer testified that his ship was sunk by a combination of six Ju 88 and twelve Ju 87s–III.
Rohwer, pp. 215, 219, 229, 231, 251 During the night of 5/6 October 1943 Kharkov and the destroyers Besposhchadny and bombarded Yalta, Alushta and Feodosia and were attacked by Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers of III./StG 3 on their return voyage.
Smith 2011, pp. 130–142. The wing supported Fall Rot–the end phase–of the campaign. At first StG 77 supported the push toward Paris, which fell on the 14 June after the French government declared it an open city. Then events moved rapidly.
Greek destroyer Psara was sunk at anchor off Megara. Other Ju 87s from I./StG 2 sank other Greek merchant vessels in the Gulf Corinth. Among the losses was the sinking of the SS Slamat, in the Slamat disaster. British destroyers and were also sunk.
Soviet resistance and the Russian Winter brought the advances to a halt. On 5 December 1941 the Red Army counter offensive ended the threat to Moscow and threatened to destroy Army Group Centre. Gustav Preßler and III./StG 2 remained on the Eastern Front.
The arrangement was not always adequate. On 25 July for example, 4./StG 2 lost four Ju 87s and their leader [Möbus] in combat with the 434 IAP. The two groups, with SG 1 and JG 3 helped the 6th army clear the Don Bend.
I./StG 2 joined the attacks over Arras. The burning oil tanks at Dunkirk. Bomb craters have scarred the landscape The Royal Navy began Operation Dynamo to evacuate the British Army. All three gruppen supported the army in its drive to the Channel ports.
The first phase of what became the Battle of Britain was termed the Kanalkampf (Channel War). Hitschhold's I./StG 2 moved to Falaise in Normandy. The group transferred to Laon-Couvron. It staged through the Pas de Calais for attacks on the Channel convoys.
The Stab unit did take part of in the attack on Fort Eben-Emael; which led to the crucial victory at the Battle of Fort Eben-Emael and probably continued to support German forces in the Battle of Belgium and Battle of France. With KG 76 and KG 77, the StG 1 elements supported the break out of the XV Panzer Corps across the Meuse between Houx and Dinant. The StG 1 contingent was present in the Amiens sector on 25 May assisting KG 77 repulse French armoured counter-attacks. On 9 June it did take part in air attacks against Pont-Sainte-Maxence.
In September third group was operating in northern Ukraine—apparently loaned to Luftflotte 2— and was supporting the Second Panzer Group at Konotop on 9th and attacking rail lines south of Romney. II./StG 1 attacking Soviet troop movements in support of the XLVII Panzer Corps near Bryansk. They assisted Heinz Guderian's Panzer Group reach an seize bridgehead across the river Seym, halfway between Kiev an Kursk. III./StG 1 supported the Panzer Group's 3rd Panzer Division capture of a vital crossing point near Lokhvitsa on the Sula River. The unit flew 47 bombing missions against troop concentrations in the area and lost one aircraft.
The ninth issue of the Foundation comic series, published March 2014, focuses on Mordin's creation of the modified genophage prior to the games' events. Mordin is introduced talking with other high-level salarians about the weakening genophage; they agree to Mordin's proposal of strengthening it. Mordin researches and develops the new genophage strain in less than a week, and a month later he and other STG members go to Tuchanka to test it on a krogan colony. The intended deployment site turns out to be occupied by a krogan gathering led by a female rather than being empty, and the krogan notice the STG team and fire upon them.
In the morning of 4 July, the attacked Portland harbour, with Messerschmitt Bf 110s from V.(Z)./Lehrgeschwader 1 (LG 1: Experimental Wing) and two (squadrons) of Messerschmitt Bf 109s from I./Jagdgeschwader 1 (JG 1: Fighter Wing) (renamed III./Jagdgeschwader 27 -JG 27- the next day) were ordered to escort Junkers Ju 87 of II./ 51 (StG 51, renamed II./Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 StG 1, the next day). At 08:15 the arrived and with no RAF fighters in sight, attacked (ex-MV Andrew Weir) armed with four twin four-inch high-angle guns, multiple two-pounder Pom-Pom guns and 0.5-inch machine guns.
Formations of Stukas, including a small number of the G-2 variants, experimentally equipped with twin Bordkanone BK 3,7 cannon in gun pods, that were commanded by Staffelkapitän Hans-Ulrich Rudel, attacked the Soviet formations. They were joined by Fw 190 single engine fighter-bombers and Hs 129 twin-engined ground- attack aircraft, both equipped with anti-tank cannon. In particular, the Hs 129 formations from SG 1 inflicted grievous losses on Soviet tanks. The Stuka wings, StG 2 and StG 77, made their weakest contribution to the Kursk operation since the 5 July – 150 sorties – down from 1,071 on 5 July, but the small Ju 87G contingent proved effective.
The Kuban bridgehead was the main area of operations for Rall in early 1943. Hitler wished to maintain a foothold in the Caucasus to defend the Crimea and retain the captured facilities at Maykop, which had just been repaired. Hitler harboured a forlorn hope he could use the region as a staging area for a renewed offensive against the Soviet oilfields. The Luftwaffe was rushed to the Kuban to support the German 17th Army's defences. StG 2, StG 77, SG 1, and the fighter wings JG 3, JG 52 were sent to the region as powerful close support just as the Soviet Front began its offensive.
From September 2007 to May 2008, elements of the battalion deployed to Afghanistan on Operation Slipper as part of RTF-3. The Security Task Group (STG) was made up of infantrymen from C Company 2 RAR, mortarmen and snipers from Support Company 2 RAR, IMV crews from 6 RAR and B Squadron, 3/4 Cavalry Regiment, cavalrymen from 2/14 LHR(QMI) and gunners from 4th Field Regiment. Elements from these units combined with elements of the 3rd Combat Engineer Regiment to form a combat team. The role of the STG was to provide the firepower and mobility necessary to facilitate the engineers' protected reconstruction.
Eppen was replaced by Hauptmann Martin Mossdorf on 5 June. StG 3 losses may have been as high as 14 Ju 87 in the first week over Bir Hacheim but the dive bombers were instrumental in the capture of the fort—in the last dive bombing raid 124 Ju 87s were sent against the Allied garrison. In the first week 100 attacks were carried out; on 9 June two waves of 100 Ju 87s dive bombed the fortress. III./StG 3 reported one or two losses attacking motor transport between Tobruk and El Adem. On 14 June it bombed a convoy without success for the cost of one Ju 87.
Due to the additional number of reactors, traditional methanol to gasoline processes include inefficiencies such as the additional cost and energy loss of condensing and evaporating the methanol prior to feeding it to the durene reduction unit. These inefficiencies can lead to a greater capital cost and environmental footprint than methanol to gasoline processes that use fewer reactors, such as STG+. The STG+ process eliminates multiple condensation and evaporation, and the process converts syngas to liquid transportation fuels directly without producing intermediate liquids. This eliminates the need for storage of two products, including pressure storage for liquefied petroleum gas and storage of liquid methanol.
German radar picked up the convoy and the Luftwaffe was ordered to intercept the ships. A Junkers Ju 88 reconnaissance aircraft from 1.(F)/123 flew over the Channel and reported that the convoy was south-west of Portland. I./StG 2 took off, led by Dinort with 24 Ju 87s, escorted by a Staffel of fighters from I./JG 1. The attack was followed by 23 Ju 87s of III./StG 51. The ships were close to the French coast when Dallas City was damaged, engulfed in flames and collided with Flimson which was also hit and the ships took 15 minutes to disengage; Dallas City later sank.
In the following days, KG 100 returned to the port and crews reported mass destruction of entire streets with the use of heavy bombs.Bergström 2007b, p. 45. On 1 July I./KG 100, with StG 77 and I./KG 76 bombed ports at Anapa, Tuapse, and Novorossiysk.
70's Robot Anime Geppy-X is a 1999 Japanese video game released for the Sony PlayStation home console. Developed and published by Aroma it is a side scrolling shooting game (STG) set in a world that is a homage to mecha anime of the 70s.
Before GAZ introduced its own GAZelle-based minibus, various smaller Russian factories launched rebuilding of freight GAZelles into minibuses ("Pskova-2214", "STG-01") and different custom vehicles. A few Russian and Ukrainian factories still produce custom buses and ambulances based on GAZelles of "Business" and "NEXT" generations.
On that day, Richthofen sent his units against airfields in southern England. Faulty intelligence meant all those hit by his units were unimportant. StG 77 struck at Fleet Air Arm bases, which had little to do with Fighter Command. In the process, the Geschwader took heavy losses.
By the time a January 20, 1917 fire gutted the building, it had become a movie theater.STG Presents Moore 100 Open House , on the STG/Moore site. Citation for date of Moore's opening and secondary citation for Cort's use of the theater. Accessed online 20 December 2007.
On 7 February Georg Edert was replaced as Geschwaderkommodore. His successor Karl Christ, StG 3, ordered an attack. The crews thought four direct hits would sink the ship and began practice operations on floating mock-ups. The vast flight deck offered a target of 6,500 square metres.
Three StG 77 Stukas were shot down by 145 Squadron and four were damaged by 43 Squadron (two were 70 percent and 80 damaged).Saunders 2010, pp. 100–112. On 13 August Adlertag, the offensive to destroy Fighter Command, began. Poor communications and weather caused chaos.
A small number of Do 17s were used for target-spotting. Merville airfield was subjected to an attack by I. or II./StG 77 on 22 May. The wing lost four Ju 87s in battle with 145 and No. 151 Squadron RAF.Cull, Lander, Weiss 1999, p. 316.
Ulrich Schmidt commanded 38 Ju 87s, all but two operational with three Do 17P aircraft. Based at Stolp-Reitz, Schmidt was subordinated to Fliegerdivision 1 (Flying Division) and Luftflotte 1 (Air Fleet 1). III./StG 2 was assigned the same division and air fleet with second Gruppe.
The sweep failed to attract and divert RAF squadrons. Instead, all it succeeded in doing was to alert the RAF defences a critical five minutes earlier. When the main wave of LG 1 and StG 2 arrived over the coast, they were greeted by 77 RAF fighters.
In February and March 1940 the Wehrmacht began preparations to invade Denmark and Norway, christened Operation Weserübung. Fliegerkorps X was the only German combat air formation committed. I./StG 1 was placed under the air corps' command and based at Kiel-Holtenau. The group possessed 39 Ju 87s.
The Gruppe suffered one loss; Feldwebel Kurt Zube, to a No. 263 Squadron RAF Gloster Gladiator flown by Flight Commander Caesar Hull. Zube was rescued by German forces. By this date StG 1 maintained 39 Ju 87s with 27 operational. The group took part in the Battles of Narvik.
Along with patellar ligament and quadriceps femoris, semitendinosus/gracilis (STG) tendon autografts has been used commonly and successfully for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Sufficient graft size could typically be obtained using either a semitendinosus/gracilis tendon double-bundle technique, or a quadruple-bundle technique using a single tendon.
On their way home the three ships were spotted by German reconnaissance aircraft and were attacked by Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers of III./StG 3 beginning on the morning of 6 October. Kharkov was damaged by their first attack and had to be towed by Sposobny.
Many maps and plans dating between 1799 and 1947, drawn by the Sturge surveyors, are held at Bristol Archives (Ref. 31965[STG]),online catalogue) as well as maps, surveys, deeds, particulars of sale, land stewards' reports, accounts and papers of the company dated between 1672 and 1918 (Ref. 32395).
The group was provided fighter protection on at least on occasion, from II./JG 2. The Axis won the Run for Tunis, prolonging the North African campaign into 1943, which morphed into the Battle of Tunisia. Throughout the Allied advance in November 1942 StG 3 abandoned inserviceable aircraft.
Spitfires from No. 234 and Hurricanes from 213 Squadron each destroyed one Bf 109.Price 2010, pp. 180–192. The running air battles had cost the Ju 87 units heavily. The lack of protection for I./StG 77 had cost it 10 Ju 87s with one damaged beyond repair.
A prison gang is an inmate organization that operates within a prison system. It has a corporate entity and exists into perpetuity. Its membership is restrictive, mutually exclusive, and often requires a lifetime commitment. Prison officials and others in law enforcement use the euphemism "security threat group" (or "STG").
Ernst Kupfer (2 July 1907 – 6 November 1943) was a ground-attack pilot in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded a wing (StG 2) of Stuka aircraft. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords.
Hayward 1998, p. 156. I./StG 77 supported the attacks on Stalingrad on 23 August 1942. By 26 September, it was withdrawn staffel at a time, to Breslau to rest and re-equip. It returned as was prominent in supporting the Axis forces at the Battle of Stalingrad.
Bombs falling near the quayside caused heavy casualties and British forces were evacuated.Smith 2011, p. 133. StG 77 began operations against Dunkirk after the fall of Calais. In the Battle of Dunkirk, Ju 87s bombed the port and attacked Allied shipping evacuating the encircled British and French armies.
On 15 October the stabstaffel was formed and Dinort assumed command. Hubertus Hitschhold took command of first gruppe. Dinort's small command unit mustered three Ju 87s [which could attach themselves to any staffel or gruppe] and six Do 17 M reconnaissance aircraft. I./StG 76 was assigned to Stab.
During the rest of 1941 and 1942, the inadequacy of dive-bombing tanks became more evident. The most effective way to assault tanks from the air would appear with SG 2 in 1943. On 23 September 1941, StG 2 attacked the Baltic Red Banner Fleet docked in Kronstadt harbour.
Hitschhold's gruppe was attacked by 43 Squadron. The Hurricanes destroyed five of his Ju 87s and damaged three. Only one crew member was rescued. StG 2 was not involved in the battles on the 18 August, after which the Ju 87s was withdrawn from the air superiority campaign.
On 1 October 1936 Hitschold was appointed a Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) in I./StG 163, commanding 1 staffel. In 1936 it began equipping with the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka. The staffel, along with the gruppen (groups) were reformed into Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 "Immelmann" on 1 May 1939. Hitschhold commanded 1.
They remained active, against shipping in the English Channel, and also played a minor role in The Blitz, flying some night sorties against London. At the beginning of November 1940, a forward command post was set up at Ostend, Belgium for StG 1's anti-shipping operations. A handful of specially picked crews from I. and II./StG 1 carried out small-scale attacks against coastal targets until mid- February 1941. On 1 November 1940, the group sank Torbay II (83 grt) of the east coast of Kent, and attached convoy FS 322 in the Thames Estuary sinking Tillburyness (279 grt) killing ten, steamer Letchworth (1,317 grt) from convoy FS 322, killing one manBertke, Smith, Kindell 2012, p. 92.
In early 1941, X. Fliegerkorps was transferred from Norway to Sicily to support the build-up of the Afrika Korps in Libya. On 12 January 1941, it had 80 Ju 88A-4 bombers of LG 1 and 12 Ju 88D-5 reconnaissance planes at Catania, 80 Ju 87R-1 ("Stuka") dive-bombers of StG 1 and StG 2 at Trapani, 27 He 111H-6 torpedo bombers of KG 26 at Comiso and 34 Bf 110C-4 fighters of ZG 26 at Palermo.Wood, Tony & Gunston, Bill Hitler's Luftwaffe Crescent Books p.33 It was prominent in the axis effort to suppress Royal Navy interference with the supply routes from Italy by reducing Malta's effectiveness as a forward base.
A strafing attack at Niamata by II./JG 27 disabled several No. 113 Squadron RAF Blenheims. Bf 109 of Stab, II./JG 27 in the Balkans, 1941 Retreating British Commonwealth forces retreating across the Thessalian plain were dive-bombed by 40 Ju 87s from StG 2 and Sturzkampfgeschwader 3 (StG 3—3rd Dive Bomber Wing) on 19 April. Pattle's No. 80 Squadron RAF attacked the Ju 87s and destroyed two before II./JG 27 could intervene. In the air battle that followed, the Bf 109s damaged one Hurricane for no loss. On 20 April Geschwaderkommodore Wolfgang Schellmann, Ibel's principal successor, led Stab/JG 27 over Khalkis harbour to support the bombing of Allied ships evacuating Greece.
Ships lent their weapons to the defenders. In an example, the gunboat Ladybird, sunk in shallow waters to her deck by II./StG 2, was able to use her 3-inch deck guns. In April, Draco, Bankura, Urania, and HMS Chakla were sunk by Axis aircraft. On 4 May the Hospital ship Kapara (846t) was damaged evoking fury on the Allied side. The arrival of Italian Ju 87s from 97 Gruppo resulted in the sinking of the 3,741-ton tanker Helka on 25 May before it could reach Tobruk. The squadron involved, the 239 Squadriglia was the successful unit, which became among the most successful over Tobruk. The escorting sloop, Grimsby was damaged, and sunk by 3./StG 1.
Production soon began with the first batches of the new rifle being shipped to troops on the Eastern Front. By the end of the war, a total of 425,977 StG 44 variants of all types were produced and work had commenced on a follow-on rifle, the StG45. The assault rifle proved a valuable weapon, especially on the Eastern front, where it was first deployed. A properly trained soldier with a StG 44 had an improved tactical repertoire, in that he could effectively engage targets at longer ranges than with an MP 40, but be much more useful than the Kar 98k in close combat, as well as provide covering fire like a light machine gun.
Military resources such as Light Armoured Vehicles have been used and requested before, such as during the Napier shootings, and Royal New Zealand Air Force helicopters from No. 3 Squadron are often used to assist in search and rescue and cannabis eradication operations. In 1964, the Armed Offenders Squad (AOS) was created to provide a specialist armed response unit, similar to the Metropolitan Police Service's SC&O19; in the United Kingdom. In addition to the AOS, the New Zealand Police maintain a full-time counter-terrorist unit, the Special Tactics Group (STG). Similar to the FBI's Hostage Rescue Team, the STG train in dynamic entry and other tactics vital in high-risk situations.
The unit was still based at Vyazma on 22 March. The command was withdrawn to East Prussia in May 1942. I./StG 2 moved at Graz in Austria to Akhtyrka airfield north west of Kharkov in June 1942. StG 2 remained with Richthofen's air corps, though now it subordinated to Luftflotte 4. From 22 June it supported German forces in the Battle of Voronezh, which formed part of Operation Blue, the 1942 German summer offensive into the Soviet Caucasus. The group began operating the Ju 87D at this time; it moved to Tatsinskaya Airfield on 20 July, then to Oblivskaya along the Chir River as the German 6th army advanced to Stalingrad.
A powerful air armada was brought together. Under the 8th Air Corps, von Richthofen assembled six Kampfgruppen (Bomber Groups) originating from six different Kampfgeschwader (Bomber Wings): KG 51 Edelweiß, KG 76, KG 100, and III.Gruppe/LG 1 specialist training wing. Dive-bomber support from StG 77 was also given to Richthofen.
The usual configuration was to install an auxiliary fuel "drop" tank at this station that was jettisoned in emergencies. Two 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 17 machine guns were mounted in the nose synchronized to fire through the propeller arc. The aircraft entered service at StG 162 in autumn 1936.
In the resulting combat, three Bf 109s were shot down. II./JG 27 were positioned too far away to help their charges, Ju 87s from StG 77\. III./JG 27 claimed four Spitfires from 602 Squadron destroyed. Spitfires from No. 234 and Hurricanes from 213 Squadron each destroyed one Bf 109\.
In January 2000, Wells Broadcasting Company, Inc., agreed to sell WNDA to a company called STG Media, LLC. The FCC approved the deal on March 7, 2000, and the transaction was consummated on May 1, 2000. While the sale was in progress, the station's call sign was changed to "WRTT- FM".
The STG+ Process A third gas-to-liquids process builds on the MTG technology by converting natural gas-derived syngas into drop-in gasoline and jet fuel via a thermochemical single-loop process.LaMonica, Martin. Natural Gas Tapped as Bridge to Biofuels MIT Technology Review, 27 June 2012. Retrieved: 7 March 2013.
Two months later, on 1 May 1939, the Gruppe was again renamed and was known as I. Gruppe of Sturzkampfgeschwader 76 (StG 76—76th Dive Bomber Wing), sometimes referred to as Grazer Gruppe. On this day, Peltz was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of the 1. Staffel (1st squadron). Peltz lead 1.
United States War Department, Military Intelligence Service, December 25, 1943. Two of the standard issue bolt-action Karabiner 98k rifles in the squad could be replaced with semi-automatic Gewehr 43 rifles and occasionally, StG 44 assault rifles could be used to re-arm the whole squad, besides the machine-gun.
The STG+ technology offers several differentiators that distinguish it from other methanol to gasoline processes. These differences include product flexibility, durene reduction, environmental footprint and capital cost. Traditional methanol to gasoline technologies produce diesel, gasoline or liquefied petroleum gas.Methanol to Gasoline (MTG) Production of Clean Gasoline from Coal ExxonMobil, December 2009.
The 28 aircraft of I./StG 77 were attacked by Nos. 43 and 601 Squadron sporting a force of 18 Hurricanes. The escorting Bf 109s from II./JG 27 were flying too far away and could not stop the Hurricanes making an attack before the Ju 87s made their dives.
Bungay 2000, p. 229. The price was too high and with the exception of sporadic attacks on convoys later in the year, the Ju 87 played no further part in the Battle of Britain.Ward 2004, pp. 108–109. Among the dead was Herbert Meisel, commanding officer of II./StG 77.
II./StG 77 attacked Wieluń, destroying the town in the belief a cavalry force was there.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, p. 133. The entire wing was involved in Offensive counter air operations against airfields.Hooton 2007a, p. 86. From the 2 to 3 September troop concentrations in the Radomsko region were bombed.
The powerful fleet provided the Red Army with fire support along the coastline. Richthofen was ordered to destroy the fleet and he tasked Dinort with the task. The anti- aircraft artillery barrages over the city were heavy. Among the first victims of StG 2 operations was the Soviet destroyer Steregushchy.
Albeit the cost was minimal; three aircraft on 10 January and four aircraft until the carrier departed. By 5 February II./StG 2 was based at Trapani. The Italian invasion of Egypt in September 1940 failed. A British Army counter-attack, Operation Compass, drove the Italian African Army back into Libya.
Only three days earlier Suffolk sank the German tanker Skagerrak northwest of Bodø. On 19 April three Ju 87s attacked British warships in Namsos. It was their first action in the Namsos Campaign. 1./StG 1 was ordered, by Martin Harlinghausen, to operate from frozen lakes for want of appropriate landing grounds.
English, p. 70 She spent most of the next month escorting convoys to Tobruk. Together with the destroyer and , Encounter was escorting the minelayer on 25 October whilst en route to TobrukAdmiralty Historical Section, p. 184 when they were attacked by Stukas of I./StG 1 that hit Latona and set her afire.
Attached to II. Fliegerkorps, under the command of General der Flieger Bruno Loerzer, were Stab, I., II. and III. of StG 77. Luftflotte 5, under the command of Generaloberst Hans-Jürgen Stumpff, operating from Norway's Arctic Circle, were allotted IV. Gruppe (St)/Lehrgeschwader 1 (LG 1).Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), p. 131.
Ju 87B over Stalingrad. In early 1942, the Ju 87s gave the Heer yet more valuable support. On 29 December 1941, the Soviet 44th Army landed on the Kerch Peninsula. The Luftwaffe was only able to dispatch meager reinforcements of four bomber groups (Kampfgruppen) and two dive bomber groups belonging to StG 77.
She was hit seventeen times by Axis artillery and mortar fire in retaliation. On 1 and 3 January she ferried supplies and reinforcements for the Soviet bridgehead on the Kerch Peninsula. On the return voyage she was severely damaged by German Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers from II./StG 77.Rohwer, pp.
The Ju 87 came from I/StG 77. On 1 August Fighter Command's order of battle placed 238 under the operational level command of No. 10 Group RAF, headquarters at Rudloe Manor in Wiltshire. Only three of the 12 squadron Hurricanes were operational. 238 shared Middle Wallop with 152, 604 and 609 Squadrons.
Only one gruppe (group) of LG 2 remained, III.(Schlacht). IV.(St)./Lehrgeschwader 1 (LG 1), with Ju 87s were added, as was I.Sturzkampfgeschwader 76 (StG 76). The task of Richthofen varied. He was to support Reichenau's German Sixth Army in Belgium and Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist's XXXXI and XIX Corps.
STG Media Systems has delivered 87 of the loudspeaker systems to Afghanistan for use at checkpoints and at public gatherings The ability to hear intelligible speech at 1 km allows the user to distance themselves from danger and warn the public about imminent actions being taken by, for example, IED clearance teams.
Following the Anschluss, the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany, just as the Junkers Ju 87B came into service, this unit was moved to Graz and was referred to as II. Gruppe of Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2—2nd Dive Bomber Wing). On 1 March 1939, Peltz was promoted to Oberleutnant (first lieutenant).
Bergström 2007b, pp. 30, 33. The Kerch battle had barely finished, when a crisis broke out further north. A Soviet offensive near Kharkov caught the Wehrmacht off-guard and StG 77 was rushed north to prevent a break-through; the entire wing was present within48 hours from 13 May.Weal 2008, p. 33.
The destroyer sank within two minutes. The destroyer Tashkent, commanded by Vasiliy Yeroshenko, evaded numerous attacks by the Ju 87s. After four hours of chasing, and 335 bombs dropped, the Soviet ship escaped StG 77. The ship was severely damaged by a near miss, but brought 2,100 wounded Soviet soldiers to Novorossiysk.
The German offensive continued in the southern sector, but Operation Roland failed and the Red Army took time to begin the counter offensive, Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev. Soviet forces slowly pressed the Germans back. On 19 July 7./StG 77 was wiped out by a Soviet attack on the base at Kramatorskaya and 4.
On 14 April second group moved to Zagreb in the wake of rapid advances on the ground.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, p. 134. By that date I./StG 77 hit targets around Pancevo and then Bijeljina in eastern Bosnia and German forces pushed to Sarajevo on 15 April.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, pp.
Soldiers from German supply units take cover among the rocks near Sevastopol, November 1941. The Luftwaffe did what it could to disrupt the Soviet defences. On 31 October, the destroyer Bodryy shelled German positions along the coastline. StG 77 Ju 87s attacked and wounded 50 of its crew by strafing her deck and superstructure with machinegun fire. On 2 November Junkers Ju 88s of KG 51 scored several hits on the cruiser Voroshilov, and put it out of action for months. On 7 November He 111s from KG 26 sank the liner Armeniya evacuating soldiers and civilians from Sevastopol, with only eight of the 5,000 passengers surviving. On 12 November, StG 77 sank the cruiser Chervona Ukraina, and KG 26 damaged the destroyers Sovershennyy and Besposhchadnyy.
Some individual crews flew up to 18 missions on this day.Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 197. Eight days into the air offensive, Leutnant Herbert Klein scored a direct hit on the 4,727-ton Abkhaziya which exploded and sank. The rest of the group sank the destroyer Svobodnyy.Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 200. On 26 June the supply ship Tashkent evaded I./KG 100's attacks but the escorting destroyer Bezuprechnyy was sunk by StG 77. StG 77 and KG 100 proceeded to chase Tashkent for four hours. Commander Vasiliy Yeroshenko rushed around the bridge observing the dive-bomber attacks and calling out orders for evasive action. After 335 bombs had been dropped, the ship was damaged but escaped with 2,100 wounded soldiers on board.
On 13 September, Stukas from StG 1 destroyed the rail network in the vicinity as well as inflicting heavy casualties on escaping Red Army columns, for the loss of one Ju 87.Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), p. 69. On 23 September, Rudel (who was to become the most decorated serviceman in the Wehrmacht) of StG 2, sank the Soviet battleship Marat, during an air attack on Kronstadt harbour near Leningrad, with a hit to the bow with a single bomb. During this action, Leutnant Egbert Jaeckel sank the destroyer Minsk, while the destroyer Steregushchiy and submarine M-74 were also sunk. The Stukas also crippled the battleship Oktyabrskaya Revolutsiya and the destroyers Silnyy and Grozyashchiy in exchange for two Ju 87s shot down.
On the first day of March third group claimed 13 tanks and three vehicles in anti-tank operations.Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 128. III./StG 77 attacked the Parpach Line, near Kerch on 24 February 1942, targeting artillery positions. Five days later in 40 sorties and claimed 20 tanks damaged or destroyed. On 2 and 3 March it inflicted further damage to armour and transport. On the Donets front, II./StG 77 lost 6 Staffel commanding officer Hermann Ruppert, who had flown with success against the Black Sea Fleet, when he was killed by Soviet fighters.Weal 2008, p. 32. On 10 March, apparently with the assistance of Soviet civilians collaborating with the Wehrmacht, partisans destroyed three Ju 87s.Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 130.
It returned to Greece on 12 May, based at Argos for operations over Crete. The group suffered one loss in the Battle of Crete. Second group lost two Ju 87s over Crete. Richthofen and his Ju 87s in StG 1 and 77, forced the British to abandon the waters north of Crete by 23 May.
On 31 October the light cruiser Aurora was put out of action for a year. The light cruisers Penelope and Carlisle were badly damaged by StG 3 and the destroyer Panther was also sunk by Ju 87s before the capitulation of the Allied force. It proved to be the Stuka's final victory against the British.
During the course of the mission his fifth victory made him a fighter ace.Gustavsson & Ludovico 2009, p. 60. RAF fighters claimed six Ju 87s shot down during the air battle and three can be confirmed. Oberfeldwebel Kurt Zube and his gunner was killed as was Unteroffizier Rudolf Vater—both served in I./StG 1.
The Maschinenkarabiner 42(W) (machine carbine Model 1942(Walther)) or MKb 42(w) was an early German assault rifle designed in 1940-41 by Walther during World War II. The Mkb 42(W), and the more successful Maschinenkarabiner 42(H) designed by Haenel, were predecessors of the later Sturmgewehr 44 or StG 44 assault rifle.
Most of the larger positions were built in 1939-40, but none approached the scale of Maginot fortifications. A secondary line, running east–west and perpendicular to the frontier in the area, was termed the Cassel Belt (Bretelle de Cassel). It consisted of eight STG casemates, whose armament (a GFM cloche), was never installed.
Fulmars from Victorious shot down a SM.79 on reconnaissance but a Cant Z1007 maintained contact. Fliegerkorps II arranged to co-ordinate with the Italians but the operations were independent. I Gruppe, Sturzkampfgeschwader 3 (StG 3) had transferred from Trapani to Elmas and at 17:30 twenty Ju 87s with Bf 109 escorts took off.
Alonso Valderrama Airport is an airport serving Chitré, a city in the Herrera Province of Panama. The airport is northeast of the city, and inland from the Gulf of Panama. The Alonso Valderrama non-directional beacon (Ident: CHE) is located on the field. The Santiago VOR-DME (Ident: STG) is located west of the airport.
The primary difference from the CB rifles and the Sturmgewehr are the chamberings. The StG was chambered for 7.92×33mm Kurz, a short yet powerful intermediate round. While the final prototype, the CB-57, is chambered for the much more powerful .308-caliber battle rifle cartridge, earlier prototypes were chambered with two different rounds.
During the course of the air battles III./StG 3's commanding office Gruppenkommandeur Eberhard Jacob was shot down and wounded. By 15 July the Orel bulge was in danger of collapse. The 1 Fliegerdivision, immensely successful until 12 July, now faced the more effective 1st Air Army, which broke the German division's superiority.
A formation over the front was caught by the 88 IAP, equipped with 17 Lavochkin La-5s on 6 July. The 17 Soviet fighters destroyed ro severely damaged 10 Ju 87s.Bergström 2007c, p. 56. The air corps lost 11 destroyed and 11 damaged on this date; StG 77 accounting for fifty percent of the losses.
Jackson 1974, p. 111. On 14 May StG 77 lost commanding officer Günter Schwartzkopff shot down and killed by ground-fire near Sedan. Clemens Graf von Schönborn-Wiesentheid replaced him. First group lost three of four Ju 87s over Sedan to Royal Air Force (RAF) fighters on this day.de Zeng, stankey, Creek 2009, pp.
III./StG 2 pulled back to Rzhev on 16 December losing seven Ju 87s in the transfer. II./LG 2 was attached to the gruppe but the combination could muster only 30 aircraft. JG 51 and the two bomber groups formed a provisional tactical command. The 4th Shock Army captured the supply hub at Toropets.
Staffelkapitän Heinz Junclaussen, of 1./StG 2, claimed the cannon-armed Ju 87s inflicted a heavy toll on Soviet armour. The Soviet official history conceded the failure of the 11th Guards Army was due to German aviation. The 1st Tanks Corps had only 33 tanks remaining at the end of the action on 20 July.
From 5/6 January 1941 I./StG 1 staged from St Malo to Graz in Austria. By 23 January Hitschhold's gruppe moved into airfields at Otopeni, north of Bucharest in Romania. Hitschold moved down to Kraynitsi, south-south-west of Sofia in Bulgaria. On 6 April the group mustered 39 Ju 87s for operations.
Hitschhold's group flew daily attacks against shipping near and around Crete. Hitschhold's men probably sank the Greek destroyer Hydra at Piraeus naval base, which lost 23 vessels in two days. Greek destroyer Psara was sunk at anchor off Megara. Other Ju 87s from I./StG 2 sank other Greek merchant vessels in the Gulf Corinth.
MV Broadford was built to provide additional capacity on the Skye crossing. However, the service still struggled to keep up with increasing demand. Side-loading was slow and larger, bow-loading vessels were ordered for Skye. In 1969, STG acquired the Bute Berthing Co. and was re-built and re-engined for service at Colintraive.
The CD-57 used six wheels. A variant is the CD-57(RT), a similar device using a one-time pad system rather than rotating wheels. The STG-61 was a licensed copy of the CD-57 by Hell. Sullivan (2002) shows how the CD-57 can be attacked using a hill climbing search technique.
I./StG 1 was assigned Luftwaffenkommando Ostpreussen (Air Force Command East Prussia), under the Lw-Lehrdivision (Air Force Learning Division), and later under the command of Fliegerführer z.b.V (Flying Leader z.b.V). The group was then the only existing combat unit of the wing, and fought as an independent group, and was not subordinated to another dive-bomber wing.
The group failed to find the target and returned without suffering interception. II./StG 1 commanded by Anton Keil partnered IV./LG 1 in an attack on coastal targets on 14 August. Heavily escorted, Fighter Command responded with large fighter forces. Over 200 aircraft joined the air battle over Dover and the Ju 87s sank the Goodwin lightship.
The operation failed with most German air units supporting the right flank—II./StG 1, escorted by I./JG 54 was in action on 6 July. Among the losses was Knight's Cross holder Kurt-Albert Pape, commander of 3 staffel was killed in action against 1 GIAD. Pape had flown over 350 missions and was lost with another crew.
On 17 June 1943 Panzerjägerstaffel/StG 1 (tank hunting squadron) was created. It was equipped with Ju 87G cannon-armed aircraft specifically for engaging Soviet armour. Little is known about this unit. It was known to have fought at Kursk from 12 and 13 July 1943 when Luftflotte 6, to which it was attached, claimed 67/68 tanks destroyed.
Anapa was bombarded on the night of 13–14 May and Feodosiya on 22–23 May.Rohwer, pp. 215, 219, 229, 231, 251 During the night of 5–6 October 1943 Kharkov and the destroyers Besposhchadny and Sposobny bombarded Yalta, Alushta and Feodosiya and were spotted on their return voyage and attacked by Stukas of III./StG 3.
All three designs employed a mission module cabin separate from the command module (piloting and re-entry cabin), and a propulsion and equipment module. Martin studied three different reentry module shapes, including a conical capsule vehicle similar to the STG configuration. GE also studied several reentry module shapes. GD/Convair's proposal employed a lifting body shape.
Günther Clauss served as chairman and member at ITTC and ISSC, is member of STG (executive board), RINA (F) and SNAME (M). In offshore platform decommissioning he served as a member in the IRG of Brent Spar and is currently engaged in the Scientific Review Group (SRG) for the Ekofisk Field (ConocoPhillips) as well as the Brent-Field (Shell).
HMS Coventry was heavily damaged in the Eastern Mediterranean, north-west of Alexandria, Egypt by 16 German Junkers Ju 88s of I./Lehrgeschwader 1 under the command of Joachim Helbig, whilst participating in Operation Agreement. 8./StG 3 also took part in the attack. The ship was on fire and had to be scuttled by HMS Zulu.
One Staffel ("squadron") of II./StG 2 lost six out of nine Ju 87s. The following day, 14 August 609 was patrolling Boscombe Down at . Flying Spitfire R6961, Dundas damaged a Bf 110 before it escaped into cloud. Directed onto a formation of Do 17s soon after he damaged one bomber before taking hits from defensive fire.
On 25 May, 11 Group flew bomber and sorties, losing two Blenheims and two fighters, against shot down and nine damaged to all causes. RAF Bomber Command flew against land targets on 25 May. StG 2 lost four Ju 87s and one damaged. All eight of the crews shot down were captured but released after the French surrender.
Price 2010, pp. 172–173. 43 Squadron engaged and Carey shot down a Ju 87 of I./StG 77 but was hit in the knee by a stray bullet. Due to enemy action he could not land at Tangmere airfield and had to crash-land his Hurricane at Pulborough. Six Ju 87s fell to 43 Squadron in this battle.
Just 102 Bf 110s were in service on 1 September 1939. The unit was attached to Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (StG 77—77th Dive Bomber Wing), a Junkers Ju 87 Stuka unit under the command of Günter Schwartzkopff. All three staffeln and the Geschwaderstab was operational at Gross-Stein (Stab., 1 and 3 staffeln) and Zipser-Neudorff (2. Staffel).
The group carried a last bombing raid on 13 May against RAF Hal Far. I./StG 3 returned to Sicily for operations briefly on 12 August 1942. Based at Trapani it served Fliegerkorps II and flew bombing attacks on the Pedestal convoy. The Ju 87s scored two hits on the aircraft carrier Indomitable forcing her out of action.
The wing assisted in the Battle of Mersa Matruh in late June 1942. The battle was the last major success of the DAK against British forces in North Africa. StG 3 supported Axis forces in the month-long First Battle of El Alamein in July 1942. The German and Italian forces failed to breakthrough to Alexandria.
Bergström 2007b, pp. 20, 28. StG 77 played an important anti-tank role in the region at this time. Although the Ju 87 had not yet acquired the firepower to destroy the heavier Soviet tanks, unless a direct hit was scored, the Red Army used older types on this front and the Ju 87s proved effective.
In addition the destroyers Soobrazitelny and Nezamozhnik, patrol vessels Shkval and Shtorm, one gunboat, one torpedo boat, two transports, and a floating dock sustained various degrees of damage.Bergström 2007b, p. 45. The city was eventually captured on 12 July. From 2 June to 3 July 1942, StG 77 had flown 7,078 combat sorties and dropped 3,537 tons of bombs.
In the event, the airfields were so badly damaged on the island it was ordered to return to IV Fliegerkorps on 27 April 1943.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, pp. 127, 131. In the summer, 1943, StG 77 was assigned to support the II SS Panzer Corps, on the southern sector on the frontline around Kursk.
On 17 August it was at Poltava, and the following day 7./StG 77 lost another four in combat near Sumy; four men were killed and two wounded. The group retreated to Stalino and lost another three on 2 and 3 September while 8 and 9 staffel lost two Ju 87s near Kharkov on 5 September.
129, 133. On 18 July the wing lost a Do 17 reconnaissance aircraft while scouting for targets.Mason 1969, pp. 174–176 Early on 27 July a large convoy named BACON departed Portland and 30 Ju 87s from I./StG 77 took off from Caen at 08:00, picking up their Bf 109 escort from JG 27 en route.
On 18 August 1940 the Ju 87s were withdrawn from the battle for air superiority after heavy casualties sustained on this date. StG 77 suffered the brunt of the losses. RAF Ford, RAF Thorney Island, Gosport and CH station at Poling were believed to be the targets. German records suggest Littlehampton was the target, not the Poling station.
All three units opened the Battle of Belgium and Battle of the Netherlands with attacks against fortresses on 10 May 1940. Eben Emael was accurately bombed and assisted the paratroopers in the Battle of Fort Eben-Emael. StG 77 also assisted in the Battle of Maastricht as the German army seized vital bridgeheads.de Zeng, stankey, Creek 2009, pp.
126, 127. StG 77 played an important role in breaking up the French attacks on Army Group A's flanks as it extended a corridor through northern France. On 19 May Charles de Gaulle's 4e Division cuirassée was defeated at the Battle of Montcornet. The fragmentation bombs were particularly devastating, blowing off the tank tracks.Hooton 2007b, p. 66.
They also sank a number of ships in the Gulf of Corinth. III./StG 3 in the majority of the same battles. It flew combat missions against the Royal Yugoslav Air Force bases and notably assisted in the seizure of the Corinth Canal on 26 April. The attacks against shipping evacuating Allied forces from Greece were successful.
Second gruppe was still in Africa. Hozzel could only call upon Stab, I. and III./StG 2 for the offensive; the units could muster 70 aircraft which was approximately 70 percent of the wing's strength. Hozzel's forces supported the push to Klin during the encirclement phase of the battle along with the advances on Kalinin and then Tula.
Their bombs also defeated a French tank attack at Laon. The gruppe joined II./StG 2 in the Cambrai area at Beaulieu. Both gruppen prepared for operations against the Channel ports from 22 May. Before turning to anti-shipping operations, the third group's notable contribution was the Battle of Arras, and the defeat of a British counterattack.
KG 2 and KG 3 followed up the attacks. Their bombing runs destroyed the oil tanks and contributed to the inferno. Around 15,000 high explosive and 30,000 incendiary bombs were dropped on Dunkirk by 300 German aircraft. Ju 87s continued to take a heavy toll of shipping; StG 2 and 77 were operating over the evacuation beaches.
At 19:25 III./StG 2 Ju 87s led by Gruppenkommandeur Walter Enneccerus sank the destroyer off Portland. The ship was crippled and on fire, as the Stukas left the scene unchallenged and the sinking Delight made for the coast off Portland. The destroyers and Broke rescued 147 men and 59 wounded but 19 of the crew were killed.
The attack was followed by 23 Ju 87s of III./StG 51 after they had been hastily re-fuelled and rearmed. The ships were close to the French coast; Dallas City was damaged, engulfed in flames and collided with Flimson which was also hit and the ships took 15 minutes to disengage; Dallas City later sank.
Hitschhold departed Rhodes for Cottbus, and then moved eastward to Przasnysz, 88 km north-east of Warsaw in German-occupied Poland. Hitschhold commanded 35 Ju 87s. StG 2 remained with Richthofen's Fliegerkorps VIII, subordinated to Kesselring's Luftflotte 2 in preparation for Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union.On 22 June Hittschhold was shot down but rescued.
MV Portree was built to provide additional capacity on the Skye crossing. However, the service still struggled to keep up with increasing demand. Side-loading was slow and new bow-loading vessels were ordered for Skye. In 1969, STG acquired the Bute Berthing Co. Portree was identified for service at Colintraive and underwent a lengthy re-build.
280 NATO, 7 mm FN Short, and 7×43mm. Like most armed forces in the immediate post-World War II era, the British Army began experimenting with lighter rounds after meeting the German StG 44 in combat. The Army began development in the late 1940s, with subsequent help from Fabrique Nationale in Belgium and the Canadian Army.
Meanwhile, in response to the Sputnik crisis, the President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower, decided to create a new civilian agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which would absorb NACA and be responsible for the overall direction of the American space program. In September 1958, the USAF agreed to transfer responsibility for MISS to NASA, which was established on October 1, 1958. On November 5, the Space Task Group (STG) was established at the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, with Robert R. Gilruth as its director. On November 26, 1958, NASA Administrator T. Keith Glennan and his deputy, Hugh Dryden, adopted a suggestion by Abe Silverstein, the director of Space Flight Development at STG, that the human spaceflight project be called Project Mercury.
RAF Croydonde Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2007, p. 184. RAF FarnboroughBungay 2000, p. 208. and RAF Odiham.James 2000, p. 74. At 05:00, 20 Junkers Ju 88s of I./KG 54 took off to bomb the Royal Aircraft Establishment's airfield at 'RAF Farnborough' (RAE Farnborough). At 05:05, 18 Ju 88s from II./KG 54 took off for RAF Odiham. At 05:50, 88 Junkers Ju 87s of StG 77 began heading for Portland Harbour. The raids were escorted by about 60 Bf 110s of ZG 2, and V./LG 1 and 173 Bf 109s from JG 27, JG 53 and JG 3, which all flew ahead of the bomber stream to clear the airspace of enemy fighters. StG 77's target was obscured by cloud, but KG 54 continued to their target.
In close combat, however, submachine guns were often preferred, especially for urban combat, where the rifle's range and low rate of fire were not very useful, although the rifle's powerful ammunition was better able to penetrate walls and other cover found in urban areas. Towards the end of the war, it was intended to phase out the Karabiner 98k in favour of the StG 44, which fired the 7.92×33mm Kurz intermediate rifle round that was more powerful than the pistol cartridges of submachine guns, but that could be used like a submachine gun in close-quarters and urban fighting. Production of the StG 44, being a late-war weapon, was never sufficient to meet demand and did not come near to the 1,500,000 ordered nor the 4,000,000 planned.
In short, the StG 44 provided the individual user with unparalleled firepower compared to that of all earlier handheld firearms, warranting other countries to soon embrace the assault rifle concept. The 1st Infantry Division of Army Group South and 32nd Infantry Division of Army Group North were selected to be issued the rifle, both being refitted from heavy losses on the Eastern Front; ammunition shortages meant the 1st ID was the only division fully equipped with it. The Kar 98k was retained as a specialist weapon for sniping and launching rifle grenades, while MP 40s were used by vehicle and artillery crews and officers. The StG 44 was issued to all infantry soldiers and employed for accurate short-range rapid-fire shooting (similar to how the MP 18 was used when it went into service).
While the StG 44 was capable of fully automatic fire, German soldiers were directed to use it primarily in semi-automatic mode. Fully automatic mode was to be used only in emergencies, for short bursts of two or three rounds. StG44 with Krummlauf bent barrel attachment One unusual addition to the design was the Krummlauf; a bent barrel attachment for rifles with a periscope sighting device for shooting around corners from a safe position. It was produced in several variants: an "I" version for infantry use, a "P" version for use in tanks (to cover the dead areas in the close range around the tank, to defend against assaulting infantry), versions with 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° bends, a version for the StG 44 and one for the MG 42.
A 2007 fMRI study found that subjects asked to produce regular words in a spelling task exhibited greater activation in the left posterior STG, an area used for phonological processing, while the spelling of irregular words produced greater activation of areas used for lexical memory and semantic processing, such as the left IFG and left SMG and both hemispheres of the MTG. Spelling nonwords was found to access members of both pathways, such as the left STG and bilateral MTG and ITG. Significantly, it was found that spelling induces activation in areas such as the left fusiform gyrus and left SMG that are also important in reading, suggesting that a similar pathway is used for both reading and writing. Far less information exists on the cognition and neurology of non-alphabetic and non-English scripts.
They can also choose a technical série, including sciences et technologies de la gestion (STG) – Management Sciences and Technologies. The third-year students are 17 or 18 and are called Terminales, or Seniors. They continue the classes required for their specialization. At the end of the final year of schooling, most students sit for a final standardized qualification, the baccalauréat (diploma).
On 1 September 1939 the German Wehrmacht began the invasion of Poland with the cooperation from the Soviet Union and Red Army, which began World War II. 1. and 3./StG 1 opened the attack on Poland, carrying out possibly the first air raid of the war. Bruno Dilley's squadron was ordered to destroy the bridge at Tczew, near Danzig.
Later that day, StG 1 truck at radio stations in Babice and Lacy, near Warsaw. The group also attacked airfields in the Kraków area. The group lost three Ju 87s on this first day; one crew was killed flying into the ground on the return flight from Dilley's mission. On 3 September the group supported the 3rd Army's advance to Mława.
The total strength of the Geschwader was 80 Ju 87s with 55 operational. First group began using airfields around Caen while third group used Théville for its base of operations. On 7 July III./StG 1, formed officially two days later according to records, flew their first combat mission over the English Channel in the Kanalkampf phase of the air battle.
At least two non-fiction books have been written about the shootings: Tragedy at Aramoana by journalist Paul Bensemann; and Aramoana: Twenty-two hours of terror by police officer Bill O'Brien. There are chapters devoted to the shootings in Gordon Johnston's history of the settlement, Journey to Aramoana – His Story, and Confessions from the front line by STG leader Murray Forbes.
NRC image of a modern steam turbine generator (STG). In electricity generation, a generatorAlso called electric generator, electrical generator, and electromagnetic generator. is a device that converts motive power (mechanical energy) into electrical power for use in an external circuit. Sources of mechanical energy include steam turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, internal combustion engines, wind turbines and even hand cranks.
In late August and September KG 27's focus shifted to Odessa and the Crimea. It was ordered to destroy shipping, and with StG 77, to dispose of the Black Sea Fleet. I. and II./KG 27 began "rolling attacks" against Odessa in support of the German 11th Army. 97 tons of bombs were dropped on the port by 60 aircraft.
Only on 1 November 1940 were the C.200s credited with their first kill. A British Sunderland on a reconnaissance mission was sighted and attacked just outside Augusta by a flight of Saettas on patrol.Caruana 1996, p. 166. With the arrival towards the end of December 1940 of X Fliegerkorps in Sicily, the C.200s were assigned escort duty for I/StG.
He downed a German Messerschmitt Bf 109E, piloted by Leutnant Heinz Schmidt of I gruppe, Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—Fighter Wing 27), over Capuzzo, he followed this claim with a 'half share' of a Bf 110 on III./ZG 26 and 2 Ju 87s of II./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2—Dive Bomber Wing 2) on 30 June.Shores and Williams 1994, pp. 162–163.
Soldiers of the 104th manning a Sturmgeschütz III with concrete armor, captured during the Battle of the Bulge. U.S. markings were added upon capture. The GI to the left is carrying a captured German StG 44. While under American command on 16 November 1944, the division went on another offensive in support of Operation Queen, taking Stolberg and pushing on against heavy resistance.
The advance caught the squadron off guard and they retreated to Msus. During the day 6 squadron ran into a formation of II./StG 2 Ju 87s and eight Bf 110s from III./ZG 26. They claimed three certain and three probable victories against the Ju 87s; only one Ju 87 pilot was killed, and four of the Bf 110s.
Unlike the Maginot fortifications, the Flanders sector fortifications were comparatively light structures built close to the frontier. Most were built in the 1930s. About 200 blockhouse were built along the Belgian border. Scattered among the smaller blockhouses were more elaborate blockhouses termed "positions of resistance", designed either by local forces or by the Service Technique du Génie (STG), the French Army engineering corps.
110 On 13 May over Belgium Carey claimed six enemy aircraft, qualifying him as an "ace in a day". 3 Squadron continued their support for the British and Belgian Army in central Belgium. 3 Squadron intercepted 60 Junkers 87 Stukas from I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2) escorted by Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters. Carey claimed two Ju 87s from seven filed by 3 Squadron.
Staffel of Sturzkampfgeschwader 3 (StG 3—3rd Dive Bomber Wing) on 5 July 1940. Again he targeted railway lines, traffic junctions and bridges. In addition he attacked shipping at Calais and during the Battle of Dunkirk sank a transport vessel. In total he flew eight missions against Dunkirk and was awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class () on 22 May 1940.
Apparently a dozen Bf 109s from II. got lost and force-landed in France after running out of fuel. On 14 August a newcomer pilot was wounded and captured but was repatriated in 1943 to serve in the ground staff. The battle involved over 200 aircraft, as all three escorted Ju 87s from II./StG 1 and IV./LG 1.
The power train consists of two Siemens Westinghouse 501 FD Phase 2 combustion turbine generators (CTG), each maximum and each followed by a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The two HRSGs are heated from the CTG exhaust gases to generate steam. The generated steam is let in a single steam turbine generator (STG) of maximum. Resulting peak output is gross.
Three days later Stab./StG 3 aircraft became casualties in this way. On 30 November another 15 week destroyed or damaged and on 4 December another 13 followed. Along with British air superiority, which often prevented the Ju 87s from reaching their target, the open spaces allowed British and Commonwealth forces to disperse, robbing the dive bombers of a huddled mass of targets.
II./StG 3 arrived at Tunis–Aouina on 9 November. It mustered 24 aircraft to oppose Operation Torch, the invasions of Morocco and Algeria. On 14 November the group lost a Staffelkapitän (6 staffel) to fighters and two more Ju 87s in an attack on their airfield. On 16 November they bombed Allied Allied spearheads near Tabarka, west of Bône.
I./StG 3 received Ju 87D-3s in Germany and transferred to Bagerovo, under the command of Fliegerkorps VIII. It began active operations over the Taman Peninsula— known as the Kuban bridgehead. The group suffered the loss of 10 aircraft with another three damaged. It departed the Soviet Union in June 1943, ending its participation on the Eastern Front. III.
Clinical significance can be one of the following: non- pathogenic, pathogenic, drug-response, histocompatibility, probable-non- pathogenic, probable-pathogenic, untested, unknown and other. Type should be one of these: nonsynon, syn, cds, spl, utr, int, exc, loc, stg, ds500, spa, spd, us2k, us5k, PupaSUITE Designations. # Disorders/Diseases: Shows disorders/diseases associated with the gene. # Publications: Displays publications associated with the gene.
After the defeat of the Kharkov offensive, all three groups were transferred back to Fliegerkorps VIII. Now 600 aircraft strong, the fleet was committed against Sevastopol from 1 June. Oil, electricity, water pumps, harbour facilities, and submarine bases were attacked by StG 77 Ju 87s. Air Fleet Commander Von Richthofen watched the bombing from an observation post close to the front.
By this time it had recorded its 30,000th mission. The Stukas of Fliegerkorps IV paved the way for the 13th Panzer Division and 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking, as they pushed through heavy anti-tank defences near Rostov. On 24 July, I./StG 77 rendered invaluable support to the 57th Panzer Corps, allowed the Germans to seize the bridges leading into the city.
Only a small band of Ju 87s, E./StG 77, remained on the Black Sea coast with Fliegerführer Süd (Flying Leader South). The group supported attacks on road and shipping traffic on the northern Caucasus.Hayward 1998, p. 153. A report from the OKW on 29 July stated that the Stukas carried out bombing operations without fighter escort because of Soviet aerial weaknesses.
In addition to close air support, it attacked small vessels reinforcing Soviet forces in the city on the Volga River. Boats, ferry and barges were strafed and bombed virtually every day, from first light to dusk. By 20 September it had 20 operational Ju 87s from 35. II./StG 77 fought in the Battle of Voronezh and the advance down the Don River.
Hough and Richards 2007, p. 215. II./StG 77 were able to attack Ford with complete confidence. Bombs rained down on huts, hangars, building and among aircraft drawn up together for maintenance. Early on bombs struck the field's oil tanks and storage compounds causing an enormous blaze which contributed to the crippling damage on the airfield.Price 2010, pp. 179–180.
On 1 September 1939 German forces invaded Poland, forcing the Western Allies to declare war, and thus beginning World War II.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, p. 125. Before the campaign began, on 28 August 1939, Slovak forces threatened to mutiny in protest at the German attack and briefly threatened Spišská Nová Ves airfield where Stab. and II./StG 77 were housed.
It fought during the Siege of Calais and Battle of Boulogne. The ports were taken after bombardment from StG 2 and 77. Hitschhold's commanding officer Oskar Dinort lost both wingmen over Boulogne on 25 May. Four were lost. In a major action, Dinort led 39 Ju 87s and two gruppen in an attack on Admiral James Somerville's forces off Calais on 24 May.
Wessex was sunk, Vimiera and Bzura was damaged. The Ju 87s suffered no loss in their unopposed attacks. Six of the Wessex crew were killed and 15 wounded. From 29 May Hitschhold led his formation in the Battle of Dunkirk until 2 June 1940, attacking shipping and Royal Navy vessel supporting Operation Dynamo. I./StG 2 spent 5–7 June reorganising.
Photograph taken by a German airman recording the sinking of Gloucester, 22 May 1941. The vast majority of her crew perished On 30 May Rear Admiral Irvine Glennie's Force D, consisting of the cruisers , and were intercepted by Hitschhold's unit, which was now operating from Rhodes. They damaged Orion and Dido. I./StG 2 assisted in the sinking of destroyer Hereward. III.
MV Lochalsh was built to replace several smaller ferries on the Skye crossing. The crossing was an urgent problem when STG took over control from 1 January 1969. Side-loading had been slow and the vessels could not keep up with increasing demand. In August 1969, Patrick Thomas announced a number of innovations, including the ordering of two 28-car ferries for Skye.
MV Coruisk was built in 1969 to provide additional capacity at Kyle of Lochalsh. The Skye crossing was an urgent problem when STG took over control from 1 January 1969. The existing vessels were side-loading and could not keep up with increasing demand. In August 1969, it was announced that two new 28-car bow-loading ferries were to be built.
In the build-up to Operation Battleaxe, RAF bombers attacked airfields at Gazala. I./JG 27 were forced to decamp personnel to the beach, and pitch camps between the dunes. 2 staffel Hans-Arnold Stahlschmidt may have sunk a 200-ton sailing ship, the eight crew washed up in German territory and were captured. In early June, pilots were pressing for the arrival of the Bf 109 F. The Bf 109 E, which the Hurricane could match under some circumstances, was grossly inferior to the newer Bf 109\. On the eve of Battleaxe, the Luftwaffe could muster 7./JG 26, I./JG 27, several staffeln from LG 1, two gruppen of Ju 87s from StG 1 StG 3. At the beginning of the battle another well-known and long-serving pilot began to achieve success; Ludwig Franzisket, future Geschwaderkommodore.
He then received further training at the flight school in Salzwedel which he completed on 31 March 1936. One day later, on 1 April, he was promoted to Leutnant (second lieutenant) and on 20 April officially transferred to Jagdgeschwader "Immelmann", named after the World War I fighter pilot Max Immelmann, at Lübeck-Blankensee. During this assignment he was posted to the blind-flying school at Wesendorf-Neuburg an der Donau. Jagdgeschwader "Immelmann" was renamed to Sturzkampfgeschwader 162 (StG 162—162nd Dive Bomber Wing) and equipped with the early Junkers Ju 87A dive bomber.For an explanation of Luftwaffe unit designations, see Organisation of the Luftwaffe during World War II. In 1937, Peltz was appointed adjutant of the I. Gruppe (group) which was renamed to I. Gruppe of Sturzkampfgeschwader 168 (StG 168—168th Dive Bomber Wing) on 1 April 1938.
O'Hara 2013 p. 80 The bow was destroyed and 65 men were killed.HMS Gallant (H 59) Mohawk took Gallant in tow toward Malta while the Force B cruisers provided protection from air attacks. Convoys MC 4 and MW 5 arrived at Malta and convoy ME 6 departed for Alexandria. Fulmars from Illustrious shot down an Italian aircraft shadowing Force A at 0930. Valiant avoided torpedoes launched by two SM.79s approaching under the radar horizon at 1230. As the combat air patrol Fulmars dropped altitude to engage the SM.79s, Force A was attacked at 1235 by 18 He 111s of KG 26 and 43 Ju 87s of StG 1 and StG 2 escorted by 10 Bf 110s of ZG 26.Wood & Gunston p. 33 Illustrious completed launching Fulmar and Swordfish patrol aircraft as the attack developed.
In 2008, 100 years after the foundation of Esperanza y Unceta (Astra Unceta y Cía), a Swiss firearms manufacturing company, founded by the Italian entrepreneur Massimo Garbarino and located in the city of Sion, adopted the name Astra Arms S.A. and took over the rights on the Astra trademark. Astra Arms S.A. has established a manufacturing line for high level 1911-type pistols (the U.S. model and the Daytona model), as well as a manufacturing line for AR-15 rifles (the StG-15 and StG-4 models), to be distributed on those civilian markets which at the time were lacking similar American products, whose export requires the issue of an End user certificate. At present, the Astra Arms S.A. products are distributed on the European civilian market and Central and South American, Asian and African military market.
Destroyed Soviet "Maxim Gorky" naval battery As Hansen poised his corps for the breakthrough against the 95th Rifle Division, 27 Ju 87s of II./StG 77 attacked Maxim Gorky's main battery. The Germans believed the strike had knocked it out as it stopped firing its artillery. The artillery bombardment began on 16 June. In the morning the attack by the reinforced 132nd Division collapsed the line.
StG 77 on 12 November. With the front collapsing and the Axis closing in on Sevastopol, Vice-Admiral Oktyabrsky assumed command of the port on 4 November 1941. The city had a civilian population of 111,000 in 1941, and most were sent to work on the three defence lines around the port. Only the 7th and 8th Naval Infantry Brigades were available for combat in the port.
It remained there with all 38 Ju 87s serviceable, and two of its three Dornier Do 17Ps operational for reconnaissance. Stab./StG 1 was formed on 18 November 1939 at Jüterbog, and the wing had its first Geschwaderkommodore, Oberst Eberhard Baier. It was equipped with three Ju 87s and six Do 17s by 10 May 1940. The unit was placed under the command of Fliegerkorps VIII.
The wing supported Army Group Centre in the opening phase of Operation Barbarossa, the war on the Eastern Front. On 22 June the war began with the Luftwaffe attacking Red Air Force airfields. III./StG 1 was ordered to support the advance to Bialystok and Minsk—Battle of Białystok–Minsk. Until 29 July it also supported German forces in the Battle of Smolensk. III.
The group moved south and supported the advance during the Battle of Stalingrad. On 26 August, three days into the battle, it shared in the destruction of 40 tanks belonging to the Soviet 63rd Army. On 14 October II./StG 1 supported a concerted effort to capture the city. The Luftwaffe flew 2,000 sorties and dropped 600 tons of bombs on Soviet-held areas.
From the end of March to April 1943 the group was transferred to Bryansk for rest and refitting. III./StG 1 remained near Luga, after transferring from Schweinfurt. It had 33 Ju 87D-1s, nine Ju 87R-2s and five Ju 87R-4s by 27 February 1942. From Luga, it carried out heavy bombing attacks on the Baltic Fleet from 4 April (Operation Eisstoss).
On 14 July the 18th Panzer Division was defeated in a tank battle against the 11th Guards Army and the Soviet 5th Tank Corps raced to seize Bolkhov. StG 1 responded to the 53rd Army Corps' calls for assistance. They lost four Ju 87s in air combat with the 49 IAP. Effective Soviet fighter defences limited the air attacks to claiming no more than 12 tanks.
II./StG 1 fought over Kholm, Smolensk and Kharkov in the same period. On 15 September the unit was reduced to a single staffel when it lost five Ju 87s destroyed, seven badly damaged and another seven lightly damaged in a Soviet air attack. The group withdrew to Orsha where it maintained a rear echelon. On 13 October group commander Major Otto Ernst was wounded.
Similarly, a bomber wing was a Kampfgeschwader (KG), a night fighter wing was a Nachtjagdgeschwader (NJG), a dive bomber wing was a Stukageschwader (StG), and units equivalent to those in RAF Coastal Command, with specific responsibilities for coastal patrols and search and rescue duties, were Küstenfliegergruppen (Kü.Fl. Gr.). Specialist bomber groups were known as Kampfgruppen (KGr). The strength of a bomber Geschwader was about 80–90 aircraft.
In the German Luftwaffe, the principal unit of action was the Gruppe (plural Gruppen); the equivalent of a French or USAAC/USAAF group. Gruppen were part of a Geschwader (equivalent to a USAAC/USAAF wing or an RAF group) and the Geschwader were named according to their function. I./StG 77 was I Gruppe Sturzkampfgeschwader 77, which flew Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers.
Only 15 were built and were removed as German airborne radar systems improved though 1942. AEG had been working with the same systems for use on tanks, and deployed a number of models through the war, with limited production of the FG 1250 beginning in 1943. This work culminated in the Zielgerät 1229 Vampir riflescope which was used with the StG 44 assault rifle for night use.
Hugo Sperrle, commanding Luftflotte 3, ordered more Stuka attack. ZG 76 from Fliegerkorps I was tasked with performing fighter escort duties for Ju 87s of III/StG 2. No. 87, No. 238 and No. 601 Squadron intercepted and ZG 76 lost four crews protecting the Stukas over the Isle of Portland. The Ju 87s lost one from the two staffeln committed to the attack.
Top to bottom: late FG 42 and early FG 42 with their rear and front sights collapsed down and StG 44 The German 7.92×57mm Mauser chambered FG 42 battle rifle/automatic rifle was one of the first inline firearms incorporating a "straight-line" recoil configuration and an elevated sight line over the bore axis. The inline design helps reduce muzzle rise during automatic fire.
Developed from the Mkb 42(H) "machine carbine", the 'StG44' combined traits of carbines, submachine guns and automatic rifles. StG is an abbreviation of Sturmgewehr. The name was chosen for propaganda reasons and means "assault rifle" as in "to assault a bunker". After the adoption of the StG44, the English translation 'assault rifle' became a common class description of this type of infantry small arm.
STs track underwater threats and send tracks to fire control (antisubmarine warfare controlling station) operator (ASWCS) for further evaluation and or destruction. Sonar technicians are separated into two categories, STG (sonar technician geographic) who are on surface ships and STS (sonar technician submarine) who operate on submarines. Sonar technicians are colloquially referred to as "ping jockeys" on board vessels, after the sound of active sonar.
Under the command of II Fliegerkorps it flew daily air attacks against Malta from 24 March. Typically two to three missions per day of 15 to 30 aircraft in each attack. The dive bombers were ordered to bomb harbours or airfields. On 27 March at least 30 Ju88s, 25 Ju87s of III./StG 3 and 13 Bf 109s of II/JG 3 were reported over the Island.
Ford was a naval air station and housed No. 829 Squadron Fleet Air Arm which was working up with Fairey Albacore aircraft at the time. These targets were given to Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (StG 77 or Dive Bombing Wing 77). The Geschwader committed 109 Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers to the raid. It was the largest concentration of Ju 87s to operate over Britain to date.
A bomb dropped by a Junkers Ju 87 from StG 1 landed in the water six yards (5.5 meters) astern of Vanessa knocked her propellers out of service. The destroyer towed her to port. Vanessa underwent repairs at Chatham Dockyard which were not completed until 4 November 1940. In December 1940, Vanessa completed her post-repair acceptance trials and was selected for service in the Western Approaches.
The group then moved to Sarabus, returning to Fliegerkorps VIII. It bombed Sevastopol and then attacked the port facilities at Novorossisk over 31 May–3 July 1942. O 1 July, fearing Sevastopol would be evacuated at the last minute the Luftwaffe sent 78 bombers—from I./KG 76, 1./KG 100, and 40 Ju 87s from StG 77, escorted by 40 Messerschmitt Bf 109s.
KG 51 and KG 27 were also attached to the command which rushed to the Kerch peninsula, when, on 26 December 1941, the Soviet 44th Army landed at Feodosiya. On 4 January 1942, the Black Sea Fleet put another battalion of marines ashore at Yevpatoria, on the west side of the Crimea. StG 77 eliminated the threat and the marines capitulated within a week.Weal 2008, p. 31.
I./StG 2 supported the relief of German forces trapped in the Demyansk pocket. On 12 February 1942 Gruppenkommandeur Dilly was shot down near Staraya Russa but returned to German lines. By 13 March it claimed 25 Ju 87s operational but lost two Staffelkapitän killed. Few losses were experienced to fighters because the Ju 87s were escorted by Bf 109s from JG 54. Stab.
Flying personnel relocated to Morosovskaya, north east of Rostov- on-Don to continue operations in appalling weather conditions. The airfield was abandoned in the face of Soviet advances and five Ju 87s were destroyed by the group. It reported 44 Ju 87s on strength three days earlier and the group relocated to Nikolayev. 700 ground crew from StG 2 were left behind in Stalingrad.
Hitschhold operated over Longpont, north-east of Paris and the group claimed to have destroyed 20 to 30 French tanks preparing a counterattack north-east of the capital. Thereafter Hitschhold flew in the battles of Péronne, Roye, Chauny and Nogent. I./StG 2 provided air cover in the advances through Yonne and Loire. By the Armistice of 22 June 1940, Hitschhold's command had lost 13 aircraft.
The Soviet destroyer Minsk, and Steregushchi were sunk in the same raid. I./StG 2 moved to Army Group Centre once more for the Battle of Moscow on 2 October 1941. Hitschhold fought at Vyazma and Kalinin in support of the 3rd Panzer Army and 9th Army. The group flew in support of operations to relieve the 1st Panzer Division from a potential encirclement.
MV Kyleakin was built to replace several smaller ferries on the Skye crossing. The crossing was an urgent problem when STG took over control from 1 January 1969. Side-loading had been slow and the small vessels could not keep up with increasing demand. In August 1969, Patrick Thomas announced a number of innovations, including the ordering of two 28-car ferries for Skye.
Over Bir Hacheim on 4 June I./JG 27 escorted Ju 87s from I./StG 3 over the front. 2 SAAF, 3 Squadron SAAF and 5 Squadron SAAF led by Major John Frost. The P-40s attacked and claimed eight of the Ju 87s before the Bf 109s could act. Rödel's Gruppe arrived as the last Ju 87s were going down and attacked the South Africans.
It is believed that humans and other vertebrates have evolved the ability to complete acoustic signals that are critical but communicated under naturally noisy conditions. For humans, while it is not fully known at what point in the processing hierarchy the phonemic restoration effect occurs, evidence points to dynamic restorative processes already occurring with basic modulations of sound set at natural articulation rates. Recent research using direct neurophysiological recordings from human epilepsy patients implanted with electrodes over auditory and language cortex has shown that the lateral superior temporal gyrus (STG; a core part of Wernicke's area) represents the missing sound that listeners perceive. This research also demonstrated that perception-related neural activity in the STG is modulated by left inferior frontal cortex, which contains signals that predict what sound listeners will report hearing up to about 300 milliseconds before the sound is even presented.
The weapon and its earlier prototype rifles, the CB-51 and the CB-52, were derivatives of the Sturmgewehr-44 and was a contender to the CETME Modelo A, another rifle competing for the Spanish military contract after World War II. Cleverly, the CB rifles took the design of the Nazi German StG-44 and tweaked it for more modern use, as a lot of countries tried to expand on the advanced German weaponry after World War II. The primary difference between the CB rifles is the chambering but there were only a few minor cosmetic differences otherwise. The CB-57 also does not have a pistol grip like the StG and instead has a stock that serves as the handle, like an SKS carbine. The CB-57 also doesn't have a shroud over the barrel that also serves as a handguard. Otherwise, the two rifles are nearly identical.
Over the two days they destroyed 33 Soviet aircraft for one loss. In the six days from 18 to 24 October 140 Soviet aircraft were lost, 124 of them to Luftwaffe fighters. Heinkel He 111s of KG 26 and KG 51 and Junkers Ju 87 Stukas of StG 77 were free to attack Soviet ground positions, contributing to the collapse of the Soviet Crimean Front on 27 October.
One of its staffel was staffed by experienced night-flying pilots, but it is unclear whether night operations were flown. III./StG 1, with its Italian contingent, supported the drive on Tobruk with attacks on shipping in the harbour on 12 and 14 April. On 17 Sollum harbour and anchored shipping was attacked as well as Tobruk's inner defences. On 19 April it turned north, and attacked the Maltese capital again.
The STG had to decide on a name for the people who would fly into space. A brainstorming session was held on December 1, 1958. By analogy with "aeronaut" (air traveler), someone came up with the term "astronaut", which meant "star traveler", although Project Mercury's ambitions were far more limited. They thought that they had coined a new word, but the term had been used in science fiction since the 1920s.
The CEAM Modèle 1950 was a prototype assault rifle chambered in the .30 Carbine round. It was developed by Centre d'Etudes et d'Armement de Mulhouse (CEAM) of France during the late 1940s/early 1950s, as a development of the German StG 45(M) assault rifle. The three initial prototypes, designated Modèle 1, were chambered in 7.92×33mm Kurz, 7.65×35mm (an experimental French cartridges developed by Cartoucherie de Valence), and .
Whilst escorting Convoy CW7 on 20 July, during the initial phase of the Battle of Britain, the ship was attacked by German Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers belonging to II./Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 (Dive Bomber Wing 1—or StG 1).Weal, pp. 70–71 The shock effect from several near misses broke her keel and then she was hit in the engine room. Brazen sank at position at 20:40.
Operation Marita commenced on 7 April. The Luftwaffe committed StG 1, 2 and 77 to the campaign. The Stuka once again spearheaded the air assault, with a front line strength of 300 machines, against minimal Yugoslav resistance in the air, allowing the Stukas to develop a fearsome reputation in this region. Operating unmolested, they took a heavy toll of ground forces, suffering only light losses to ground fire.
The first Stuka loss on the Soviet-German front occurred early at 03:40–03:47 in the morning of 22 June. While being escorted by Bf 109s from JG 51 to attack Brest Fortress, Oberleutnant Karl Führing of StG 77 was shot down by an I-153.Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), p. 18. The dive bomber wing suffered only two losses on the opening day of Barbarossa.
Some Stuka aces were lost this way. In the aftermath of Kursk, Stuka strength fell to 184 aircraft in total. This was well below 50 percent of the required strength. On 18 October 1943, StG 1, 2, 3, 5 and 77 were renamed Schlachtgeschwader (SG) wings, reflecting their ground-attack role, as these combat wings were now also using ground-attack aircraft, such as the Fw 190F-series aircraft.
A drainage tunnel of sufficient size for human passage linked Eth to the Casemate de Jeanlain, about away to the west.Mary, Tome 3, p. 67, 180-187 The Fort de Maulde was improved under the auspices of STG, with a unique casemate for 155mm Fillioux field gun. Work was begun on an underground link between the observation post and the 75mm and 155mm casemates in 1939, but was never completed.
A number of blockhouses were built under the auspices of the Service Technique du Génie (STG), but the line was incomplete in 1940, with long gaps between blockhouses.Mary, Tome 1, p. 39 The Région Fortifiée de la Sarre ("Fortified Region of the Sarre") was briefly created, encompassing the SF Sarre and the neighboring Fortified Sector of Rohrbach. The region existed for two months, in September and October 1939.
The Maschinenkarabiner 42(H) or MKb 42(H) (machine carbine Model 1942 (Haenel)) was an early German assault rifle that was designed in 1940-41 by Hugo Schmeisser working for C. G. Haenel Waffen und Fahrradfabrik during World War II. The MKb 42(H), along with the less successful Maschinenkarabiner 42(W) designed by Walther Waffenfabrik AG, were predecessors of the later Sturmgewehr 44 or StG 44 assault rifle.
Donlan represented Langley as a member of the NACA Research Airplane Panel, which oversaw the X-15 program. He also served as technical assistant to Langley's director, Floyd L. Thompson. When the Space Task Group (STG) was formed in 1958, Thompson asked Donlan to become its deputy head, under Robert R. Gilruth. Donlan was given the task of recruiting and training astronauts for Project Mercury, who became the Mercury Seven.
Commensurate with the sinking of Fiona and Chakla in April, the burden fell to the Mediterranean Fleet's destroyers to carry the burden but supply operations in daylight and on moonlit nights proved hazardous. On 24 June the sloop Auckland was sunk by 239 Squadriglia. This unit also sank the destroyer Waterhen. The vessel had just survived an attack by Junkers Ju 88s of III/LG 1 and II/StG 2.
On 26/27 October 1941, I/StG 1 attacked a convoy transporting 7,000 British and Polish soldiers with munitions sailed toward Tobruk. An attack by the Ju 87s sank the Latona (2,650 t) with a direct hit—though the vessel could reach 40 knots. The destroyer Hero was badly damaged in the same attack. Ju 87 Stuka burning near Tobruk—souvenir hunters have taken the Nazi Swastika from the Vertical stabiliser.
In 2016, he had a show in Out of Sight on Kings Street and was featured at The Soufend Art Show. In September 2016, he was a panellist for the Grant LAB experiment. In October 2016, Glass was featured at the 30th birthday of Artist Trust. His works have been featured in projects that focus on the contributions of black artists to our community, organized by Seattle Theatre Group (STG).
For a short time, Hitler stopped production, as he was mysteriously opposed to the new weapon. In 1944, after troop testing verified the new weapon's legitimacy, Hitler authorized mass production of the MP-43 as well as further research into a new MP-44. In April 1944 the new weapon received the designation of "Sturmgewehr 44" ("Assault Rifle 44"). The StG 44 was arguably Schmeisser's most important weapon development.
Just 12 Ju 87s were lost, anti-aircraft fire accounted for six I./StG 76 machines. His support operations were usually 65 kilometres (40 mi) ahead of the forward edge of the battlefield, with even reconnaissance aircraft pressed into service as bombers. Army units carried flares and Swastika flags to prevent friendly fire incidents. In the Battle of Hannut Richthofen's forces proved effective against French armour during the battle.
This gun used a unique gas piston-delayed roller-locked action derived from the short recoil operation of the MG 42 machine gun but with a fixed barrel and gas system. It was realized that with careful attention to the mechanical ratios, the gas system could be omitted. The resultant weapon, the Gerät 06(H), was supposedly slated for adoption by the Wehrmacht as the StG 45(M).
East German Volkspolizei parading through the streets of Neustrelitz in 1955. The StG 44 remained in service with the organization until the early 1960s. The Sturmgewehr remained in use with the East German Nationale Volksarmee with the designation MPi.44 until it was eventually replaced with domestic variants of the AK-47 assault rifle. The Volkspolizei used it until approximately 1962 when it was replaced by the PPSh-41.
It was then that LGT decided to focus on private banking and asset management and to further expand its international operations. In 2003, LGT acquired Schweizerische Treuhandgesellschaft STG from Swiss Life, opened LGT Bank Deutschland & Co. OHG and was granted a banking license in Singapore. Over the next four years, it launched LGT Bank Switzerland and opened LGT Bank Österreich. In 2006, H.S.H. Prince Max von und zu Liechtenstein became CEO.
StG 77 and its subordinated Jagdgruppe were placed under the command of Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen's Fliegerführer zbV which became the Fliegerkorps VIII. Richthofen's forces operated under the command of Luftflotte 4. According to German plans, Richthofen's forces were to strike into Lesser Poland, toward Krakow, Łódź and Radom in support of the 10th and 14th Armies. JGr 102 [I./ZG 2], had 46 Bf 109Ds combat ready.
Symphony acquired McGraw-Hill Construction from McGraw-Hill Financial for US$320 million on September 22, 2014. The acquisition includes Engineering News-Record, Architectural Record, Dodge and Sweet's.McGraw Hill Sells ENR and Construction Group to Equity Investor McGraw-Hill Construction has been renamed Dodge Data & Analytics. Dell Technologies Nears Deal to Sell RSA Security Business to Private-Equity Firm STG in an all-cash transaction for $2.075 billion on Feb.
Over Namsfjord he discovered many targets. His reconnaissance mission guided 3./StG 1 to the area and the Junkers Ju 87 Stukas sank the anti-submarine warfare trawlers Siretoko, Jardine and Warwickshire. was also badly damaged necessitating her scuttling by . Harlinghausen was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross () on 5 May 1940 for his service piloting Heinkel He 115s and commanding an ad hoc group named Fliegerführer Stavanger.
The M1944 Hyde Carbine came with a quick barrel change device similar to the MG42M1944 Hyde Carbine Top and bottom views; Side view. and pressed steel components to ease production/reduce weight. The M1944 Hyde Carbine was more reliable and accurate than the M1 Carbine that was adopted and also came with the capability of select fire, which made it close to the likes of the StG-44.
StG 77 combined with KG 27 and KG 51 to close the beachhead to Soviet reinforcements. On 5 January the ships Nogin and Zyryanin were sunk and two were damaged. Of note, after the capitulation of the Soviet battalion of marines at Yevpatoria, 1,300 of the local population were murdered, by German forces on 12 January; "1,300 partisans were executed" as the High Command diary put it.Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 79.
Bergström 2007b, p. 39. I./StG 77 attacked and destroyed Matilda II lend-lease tanks near Kharkov on 29 May. Commander Helmut Bruck was photographed examining one, marked with English instructions.Weal 2008, p. 33. Fliegerkorps IV claimed the destruction of 596 aircraft in the air, 19 on the ground, 3,083 motor vehicles, 24 artillery batteries, 22 railway engines, six complete trains and 227 tanks for the loss of 49 aircraft.
Shores, Cull, Malizia 1987, p. 180.de Zeng, Stankey, Creek 2009, pp. 130–134. The first and third group were active in Operation Retribution, the bombing of Belgrade. StG 77 hit pinpoint targets in and around the capital, including the Royal Palace, with 74 dive-bombers and a second wave of 57 Ju 87s against the Smedervo bridge and fortifications at the confluence of the Nera and Morava rivers.
Lower left is the destroyer Vasilefs Georgios. Kilkis was sunk in this attack. Vasilefs Georgios was subsequently raised The rapid capitulation of the Yugoslavian Army allowed the Ju 87 groups to turn their attention to ports in the south, to prevent the evacuation of remaining forces or the landing of a British expeditionary force. I./StG 77 moved from Arad to Belgrade-Zemun, with elements detached at Bijeljina, on 19 April.
Hitschold lost four of his Ju 87s. 131 crewmen died aboard Kelly and 80 on Kashmir. The destroyer Kipling rescued 129 men from Kelly and 153 from Kashmir but her oil tanks were damaged by incessant dive-bombing attacks on her way to Alexandria. III./StG 2 participated in the action on 29 May, which sank the destroyer Hereward, and damaging of the light cruiser Ajax and destroyer Decoy.
In late September it was withdrawn to Stalino to rest and refit. In mid-October, after receiving reinforcements from the Caucasus theatre, the Luftwaffe intensified its efforts. Luftflotte 4 flew 1,250 sorties on 14 October and its Stukas dropped 550 tonnes of bombs. StG 1, 2, and 77 largely silenced Soviet artillery on the eastern bank of the Volga before bombing shipping that tried to reinforce the pockets of resistance.
One pilot was able to fly nine missions without fearing Soviet fight opposition. III./StG 2 supported the defence of the 2nd Hungarian Army and the Italian 8th Army near Voronezh. The Voronezh Front reached the Oskol River when it came under attack by the group. Knight's Cross winner Siegfried Huber was killed in bad weather conditions, on his 434th combat mission representing the loss of another veteran.
Hauptmann Ulrich Schmidt and Ernst Ott commanded the first and second Gruppen. Hauptmann Hubertus Hitschhold succeeded Dinort mid-way through StG's first major campaign. In August 1939 Dinort moved I./StG 2 to Nieder-Ellguth under the Fliegerdivision 2 (Flying Division 2) subordinated to Luftflotte 4 (Air Fleet 4). 38 Ju 87s were available to Dinort, only one was non-operational. An additional three Dornier Do 17P reconnaissance aircraft were operational.
Over 15–17 May, Hitschhold's group moved to Saint- Quentin, Aisne, then on to Cambrai. III./StG 2 move through southern Belgium to Bastogne by 15 May. Operating from forward airfields, it played a role in the defeat of Charles de Gaulle's 4th Armoured Division at the Battle of Montcornet, on 17–19 May. It bombed the bridges over the Serre and destroyed French transport vehicles with towed artillery pieces.
In the late morning StG 2, 3 and 77 from Angers, Caen and St. Malo were escorted by Bf 110s from V./LG 1, to attack the convoy south of the Isle of Wight, with about 30 Bf 109s from II. and III./JG 27 for high cover. From 12:20, Spitfires of 609 Squadron and Hurricanes from 257 and 145 squadrons attacked the German formations, joined later by 238 Squadron.
Their assignment was to destroy shipping (maritime interdiction) but the pilots found no ships. On 13 July II./StG 1 flew shipping operations escorted by JG 51. Convoy CW 5 became the target. 11 Hawker Hurricanes from 56 Squadron engaged before the Bf 109s could react and the group suffered two damaged Ju 87s. The Ju 87s had some success; was disabled by near-misses and was taken under tow by tug Lady Duncannonand and repaired in November. On 19 July elements of the wing attacked the destroyer off Dover. Beagle replied with its anti-aircraft guns and high-speed manoeuvres, to escape the deluge of bombs from 40–50 Ju 87s. Several near misses damaged Beagle's gyro and engines but there were no casualties and the ship made it back to Dover. Later in the day, nine Dornier Do 17s from KG 2 and Ju 87s from StG 1 bombed Dover harbour, attacking in shallow dives.
Among the dead was one Staffelkapitan. No. 257 Squadron RAF were known to have fought and accounted for some of the ZG 2 casualties. The second phase of the battle began on 13 August 1940, known as "Adlertag" in the Luftwaffe. The Luftwaffe focused on Fighter Command airfields in southern England, though faulty intelligence caused German bombers to attack RAF Coastal Command, Bomber Command and Fleet Air Arm bases instead. At 05:05, 18 Ju 88s from II./KG 54 took off for RAF Odiham. At 05:50, 88 Junkers Ju 87s of StG 77 began heading for Portland Harbour. The raids were escorted by about 60 Bf 110s of ZG 2 and V./LG 1 and 173 Bf 109s from JG 27, JG 53 and JG 3, which all flew ahead of the bomber stream to clear the airspace of enemy fighters. StG 77's target was obscured by cloud, but KG 54 continued to their target.
I./StG 2 did not return to Stalingrad. The remnants of the group were based at Samorsk, north of Kalach in the Crimea by 15 February 1943. Operating under Fliegerkorps VIII the formation fought against Soviet advances towards Dnepropetrovsk and the Dnieper River. Elements bombed the Black Sea port of Novorossisk on 27 February and it fought over the Mius and Taganrog front from Stalino, in the Donets Basin. The group also operated in the Kharkov area and around Belgorod in March 1943. In the first half of April 1943, it fought over the Kuban bridgehead, on the Taman Peninsula from Kerch. On 16 April it bombed the beachhead at Novorossisk, where Black Sea Fleet infantry had made an amphibious landing. II./StG 2 supported the same operations, but fought at the Third Battle of Kharkov. From 2 March to 27 June 1943, the group recorded the loss of 15 Ju 87s and one damaged.
The 8th Air Corps began its bombing campaign along the north and southeast of the city. At the same time, German medium bombers conducted rolling attacks on the city, which included all units except LG 1, which engaged in suppressing anti-aircraft installations. Oil, electricity, water pumps, harbor facilities, and submarine bases were attacked by StG 77 Ju 87s. Von Richthofen watched the bombing from an observation post close to the front.
The steamer SS Gronland was sunk in the outer harbour, having already been damaged in the attacks of 25 July; 19 crew were killed. The patrol yacht Gulzar was sunk but the crew were saved and the coastal ship Sandhurst was destroyed. The last major convoy action took place on 8 August 1940 against Convoy CW 9 (Peewit), comprising 20 merchant ships and nine naval vessels. II. and III./StG 1 to attacked the convoy.
Ju 87 abandoned in Libya. The photograph shows all the distinct features of the aircraft The opening phase of the North African Campaign began with a series of Italian defeats culminating in the disastrous Operation Compass, which destroyed much of the Italian North African Army. I./StG 1 deployed to Castel Benito, near Tripoli, Libya. The mission was to prevent a collapse of the Axis in the region by supporting the Afrika Korps.
The attacks on the Australian garrison at Tobruk were interrupted by an RAF attack on Derna which damaged five aircraft. On 20 November three to six Ju 87s from a 12-strong formation were lost to RAF fighters in the Bir el Gobi area. II./StG 1 also operated intermittently in Africa. On 11 April an attack on Tobruk cost it three Ju 87s to ground-fire as it supported Sonnenblume, across Cyrenaica.
StG 1 supported a second encirclement battle at Smolensk. The airmen of Luftflotte 2 claimed the destruction of 100 tanks, 1,500 trucks, 41 artillery pieces, 24 artillery batteries in the Smolensk sector alone, from 29 July to 5 August. In early August Hitler shifted the emphasis of the air effort to Lenningrad. Fliegerkorps VIII was assigned to Luftflotte 1, supporting Army Group North, which now had its first Ju 87 groups. Stab.
The German air operations were critical in stabilising the front and preventing a general collapse on the ground. The subsequent fighting on the central sector continued for over a year, and became known as the Battles of Rzhev. On 1 March 1942 II./StG 1 recorded 42 Ju 87s operational. On 13 May, while in Rzhev, the group supported Operation Nordpol, a failed attempt to surround the 39th and 29th Soviet armies.
For undisclosed reasons, the OVA never released another episode and the story remains unfinished. In 2006, Sabertooth Games released a Samurai Shodown V collectible card game set along with The King of Fighters 2006 for its Universal Fighting System (UFS) collectibe card game. Featured character starter decks were also released for Haohmaru and Ukyo Tachibana. STG staff favorites from the Samurai Shodown side tend to favor towards characters Nakoruru and Hanzo Hattori.
The German 3rd Fallschirmjäger Division, which had previously acquired a superb combat reputation, had been virtually destroyed during the Normandy Invasion in the Falaise pocket. It had been resurrected by using replacements from the 22nd, 51st, and 53rd Luftwaffe Field Regiments. The German units were usually organized around small cadres of seasoned veterans. Although they carried the new StG 44 and were equipped with rifle grenades, few had ever fired them in combat.
The Ju 87 units had learned lessons from the Polish and Norwegian campaigns. The failures in Poland, and of the Stukas of I./StG 1 to silence the Oscarsborg fort, ensured even more attention was paid to pin-point bombing during the Phoney War period. This was to pay off in the Western campaign. When Fall Gelb (Case Yellow) began on 10 May 1940, the Stuka helped swiftly neutralise the fortress of Eben Emael, Belgium.
In 2009, Hornbuckle was inducted into the Alabama Broadcasters Association Hall of Fame. WAHR is currently owned by Black Crow Media Group whose other local radio stations include WRTT-FM and WLOR. In November 2001, due to a proposed refinancing of the parent company, license holder STG Media, LLC, applied to the FCC to transfer the licenses of WAHR, WLOR, and WRTT-FM to Black Crow Media Group subsidiary BCA Media, LLC.
Following the sale, the American Folk Art Museum used its facility at 2 Lincoln Square as its main exhibition and shop space. In 2014, the museum's archives, library, and administrative staff moved to Long Island City, Queens. In September 2017, the museum opened the Self-Taught Genius Gallery at its facility in Long Island City. The STG gallery shows art from the museum's collection in thematic exhibitions that change every few months.
These rifles usually fired a "full-sized" cartridge, such as the .30-06 Springfield or .303 British, as opposed to an intermediate rifle cartridge. The first selective- fire service rifles firing intermediate cartridges were introduced still during the Second World War, with the German StG 44. Upwards of 400,000 StG44 were produced during 1943 and 1945, but it was too late in the war to be adopted as Germany's main service rifle.
Schlosswalden was home to 1.(F)/AufklGr (Aufklärungsgruppe—reconnaissance group) 124, which operated Dornier Do 17P aircraft. Lehrgeschwader 2 (Learning Wing 2), was based at Nieder-Ellguth, while the bulk of Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (Dive Bombing Wing 77 or StG 77), which operated the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka, was based at Neudorf. Richthofen also commanded the Slovak Air Force units (Slovenske Vzousne Zbrane), the 38th and 48th Fighter Squadrons, and the 16th Corps Squadron.
Faced with bankruptcy, the station was sold for $9 million to STG Media LLC, an ownership group that held several stations in the Huntsville market, and the station changed music formats, becoming a modern rock/adult contemporary hybrid station known on the air as "101.1 the Spot". "The Spot" was no more successful in the Birmingham market than its predecessor, and the ownership of the station began looking for an opportunity to sell the station.
Wernicke's area is traditionally viewed as being located in the posterior section of the superior temporal gyrus (STG), usually in the left cerebral hemisphere. This area encircles the auditory cortex on the lateral sulcus, the part of the brain where the temporal lobe and parietal lobe meet. This area is neuroanatomically described as the posterior part of Brodmann area 22. However, there is an absence of consistent definitions as to the location.
I./KG 54 struck at the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) base at Gosport. ZG 2 was supposed to provide escort during one these attacks, and in a breakdown of communications, arrived over the target without their Ju 88s, which had been ordered to stand down. One Bf 110 was shot down by No. 238 Squadron RAF. 40 Ju 88s of KG 54 attempted a feint against Portland to facilitate StG 77's attack.
In contrast to the association of amusia specific to recognition of melodies (amelodia) with the temporal pole, posterior STG damage was associated with loss of rhythm perception (arryhthmia). Conversely, in two patients rhythm perception was intact, while recognition/discrimination of musical segments was impaired. Amusia also dissociates in regard to enjoyment from music. In two reports, amusic patients, who weren't able to distinguish musical instruments, reported that they still enjoy listening to music.
Swedish Match became a partner with 49 percent of the company, and the remaining shares were owned by Skandinavisk Holding A/S. In 2016, STG became publicly listed, and Swedish Match sold most of its shares in the company. In 2017, Swedish Match acquired V2 Tobacco, a producer of chew bags and snus, and in 2018, Oliver Twist, a producer of tobacco bits. Both companies are Danish and now fully owned by Swedish Match.
In this case (H) and (W) were the first initial of each guns manufacturer Haenel Waffen und Fahrradfabrik and Walther Waffenfabrik AG. The MKb 42(H) along with the less successful MKb 42(W) were predecessors of the later MP 43, MP 44, StG 44. The majority of the MP 43's features came from the MKb 42(H), with the hammer firing system and closed bolt coming from the MKb 42(W).
Stepp was born on 2 September 1914 in Gießen as son to a University professor. Stepp studied eight semesters of law in Tübingen, Breslau and Munich before joining the Luftwaffe as Fahnenjunker on 6 April 1936. He was assigned to II. Gruppe of Sturzkampfgeschwader 162 (StG 162—162nd Diver Bomber Wing) in July 1936 before attending the Luftkriegsschule in Dresden. Stepp received his commission to Leutnant (second lieutenant) on 1 January 1938.
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,070 people, 882 households, and 572 families residing in the city. The population density was 849.9 people per square mile (327.6/km). stg There were 1,016 housing units at an average density of 417.1 per square mile (160.8/km). The racial makeup of the city was 85.60% White, 10.87% African American, 0.05% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 1.93% from other races, and 1.26% from two or more races.
HRL became the largest Research lab outside the United States. In 1999, on his 65th birthday, Raviv retired as director of HRL and began to pursue the establishment of an IBM development center in Israel. A few months later, he and his wife, Joanna, were killed in a car crash while on vacation in New Zealand. The development center planned by Raviv eventually became the Israel Systems and Technology Group (STG) Lab.
The Schiessbecher had a short rifled barrel with a caliber of and a length of . It weighed and could be attached to weapons chambered for 7.92×57mm or 7.92×33mm Kurz ammunition like the Karabiner 98k, Karabiner 98a, G98/40, StG 44 and FG 42. A rather complicated aiming device was mounted to the left of the original sights and allowed for aiming ranges from 0 of up to in increments. The Schiessbecher was produced until May 1944.
Artillery fire from 'Dora' had failed to neutralise the fort. Nevertheless, a combined arms attack from eleven 420 mm mortars and dive-bombing by Ju 87s of StG 77 knocked out the fort's main armament (three of the four 76.2 mm guns). At 19:00 the 22nd divisional artillery began shelling the fort and its smaller supporting fortress, Volga, located to Stalin's rear, with 210, 280 and 305 mm weapons. At 03:00 the German infantry attacked.
They claimed two ships sunk, but British records show none were lost, but two were bombed at their births. The group's commanding officer Helmut Mahlke returned with his Ju 87 heavily damaged by ground-fire. 7 and 8 Staffel were sent temporarily to North Africa to replace I./StG 1 which had been sent to the Balkans. The group continued with attacks against Valletta on 23 March, and the harbour on 11 April while Ta Venezia was bombed.
First group began attacking ports in Cyrenaica in preparation for Operation Sonnenblume. It remained there until May 1943, by that time it had been renamed II./StG 3. On 14 February one crewman was killed by ground fire over El Agheila and four days later 12 Ju 87s attacked enemy positions near Marsa Brega, the Desert Air Force claimed five of the dive- bombers. On 22 February it hit the Royal Navy monitor Terror which was damaged in Benghazi.
The remaining pair engaged a pair of torpedo-carrying SM.79s, damaging one badly enough that it crashed upon landing. They were low on ammunition and out of position, as they chased the Italian aircraft over from Illustrious. The carrier launched four replacements at 12:35, just when 24–36 Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers of the First Group/Dive Bomber Wing 1 (I. Gruppe/Sturzkampfgeschwader (StG) 1) and the Second Group/Dive Bomber Wing 2 (II.
GINsim is a computer tool that generates and simulates genetic networks based on discrete variables. Based on the regulatory graphs and logical parameters, GINsim calculates the temporal evolution of the system which is returned as a State Transition Graph (STG) where the states are represented by nodes and transitions by arrows. It was used to examine how T cells respond upon activation of the TCR and TLR5 pathway. These processes were observed both separately and in combination.
The Ju 87 took a huge toll on Soviet ground forces, helping to break up counterattacks of Soviet armour, eliminating strongpoints and disrupting the enemy supply lines. A demonstration of the Stukas effectiveness occurred on 5 July, when StG 77 knocked out 18 trains and 500 vehicles.Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), p. 89. As the 1st and 2nd Panzer Groups forced bridgeheads across the Dnieper river and closed in on Kyiv, the Ju 87s again rendered invaluable support.
The two gruppen were still equipped with the Bf 109 E and based at Subolevo. They formed the core of the fighter force in the air corps with II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing). The geschwader was tasked with supporting Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union which began the war on the Eastern Front. On the opening day, 22 June, II./JG 27 escorted StG 2 against the Alytus aerodrome.
He claimed a Dornier Do 17 shared and two Junker Ju 87s of I./StG 2 on 11 May, and another Ju 87 the next day. For this and his leadership of 87 Squadron he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO). On 20 May 1940, in the face of the advancing German Army, Dewar ordered his squadron to return to England . He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross which appeared in the London Gazette of 31 May 1940.
On this date, ZG 26 suffered the first loss in Africa when III Gruppe Bf 110 was shot down and its pilot Unteroffizier Lippski and his gunner captured. A further loss occurred on 15 February, but III./ZG 26 claimed its first success in combat with 3 RAAF on 19 February. The German unit shielded II./StG 2, and at the cost of one Bf 110 and a Ju 87, destroyed two Hurricanes, killing one pilot.
On June 29, 1941, at 20:41, Tembien sighted a formation of British ships off Ras Azzaz, a hundred miles east of Tobruk. The group was composed of destroyers and sailing from Tobruk (besieged by the Axis forces) to Alexandria evacuating troops from the 6th Australian Division. The two destroyers were then attacked off Sollum by 19 Ju 87 "Stuka" bombers: twelve German from StG 1 of the Luftwaffe and seven Italian from the 239 Bomber Squadron.
The semi- tractor(STG) itself is heavily armored, and equipped with a Caterpillar diesel engine coupled to an automatic transmission. The cab-over tractor is a sleeper design, but instead of a bed, it has two seats containing additional armed support crew. The tractor also contains firing ports, run flat tires, and automatic sanders for slick roads. The tractor and support vehicles are in constant contact with their dispatch, including real-time video streams of their journey.
However, tens of thousands of Sturmgewehrs were captured by the Soviets and were likely provided to Kalashnikov and his team, so it is likely that he knew of it while designing the AK-47. The 7.62×39mm cartridge, however, was more directly influenced by the 7.92×33mm cartridge used in the StG 44. In July 1943, the Soviet Technical Council of the People's Commissariat for Armament (NKV) met to consider new foreign weapons firing lower-powered rounds.
30-06 Springfield. The U.S. Army's adoption of the M1 carbine in 1941 proved the utility of a small, handy, low-powered rifle that required little training to use effectively. Franchi of Italy-based the actions of both the LF-58 carbine and the LF-59 battle rifle on the StG-44. United States and, later, NATO developed assault rifles along a roughly similar path by at first adding selective-fire capability in a reduced power, full-caliber cartridge.
I., II., and III.; StG 1 made a determined effort against Tiger and Malta without result. Italian bomber being refuelled in Sicily The Axis air forces maintained air superiority; Hitler ordered Fliegerkorps X to protect Axis shipping, prevent Allied shipping passing through the central Mediterranean and neutralise Malta as an Allied base. Around 180 German and 300 Italian aircraft carried out the operation, and the RAF struggled to fly more than six or eight fighter sorties.
Gentzen's Bf 109 group completed its destruction by claiming five of its number on 2 September 1939. JGr 102's parent unit, StG 77 continued to support the invasion, and fought in the Battle of Radom and the Siege of Warsaw. Johannes Gentzen, the commanding officer, remarked that the Bf 109 pilot's success over Poland depended largely on luck. Gentzen remarked the Polish were masters of camouflage, the olive-brown combination blended excellently with the landscape.
RAF Fighter Command sent 501 and 41 Squadron to intercept. 501 Squadron attacked the Ju 87s as they began to dive and the harbour suffered little damage. I./StG 3 reported one damaged, 501 Squadron suffering no losses. The steamer SS Gronland was sunk in the outer harbour, having already been damaged in the attacks of 25 July and 19 crew were killed and the patrol yacht Gulzar was sunk but the crew were saved; Sandhurst was destroyed.
On 1 October it lost two Ju 87s to enemy aircraft and three days into the British offensive lost two crews, including the commanding officer Hauptmann Kurt Walter, Knight's Cross holder, was killed after his parachute failed to deploy. Four days later, British and Commonwealth forces broke through the Axis line. On 11 November I./StG 3 lost commanding officer Martin Mossdorf, also a Knight's Cross holder, captured. A Staffelkapitän was also lost in the same action.
In 1941 it served in the Balkans Campaign and then some groups served on the Eastern Front, from 1943, until disbanded. The wing operated through most of the North African Campaign and some of its units fought to destruction there. StG 3 also served in the Battle of the Mediterranean and spearheaded the last German campaign-sized victory in the Dodecanese campaign in autumn 1943. The wing redesignated to Schlachtgeschwader 3 (Battle Wing) on 18 October 1943.
It flew operations in the Stalingrad area, then moved south- east of Krasnodar on 3 October to support the First Panzer Army and 17th Army to consolidate German gains in the northern Caucasus against growing opposition. III./StG 77 was moved north after the initial phase of the summer offensive. It was to support the capture of Leningrad and was based to Lake Ilmen, Vyazma and Vitebsk at times. In September it was attached to Stab.
With StG 1 and 2 the Ju 87s inflicted significant losses on the Royal Navy and French Navy. Côte d'Azur, a 3,047-ton cross- channel steamer was sunk on 27 May followed by the paddle steamer Crested Eagle on 28 May. On 29 May the Royal Navy destroyer HMS Grenade was severely damaged by a Ju 87 attack within Dunkirk's harbour, and subsequently sank. The French destroyer Mistral was crippled by bomb damage the same day.
By mid-August it was bombing dug in Soviet armour west of the city. II./StG 2 lost 5 and 6 staffel commanding officers killed and wounded in the initial battles. The group fought at the Battle of Kalach in August, which defeated strong Soviet tank formations counter-attacking the 6th army. The Regia Aeronautica 21º Gruppo provided fighter escort during July 1942 owing to the lack of Bf 109 units available because of the actions over Stalingrad.
Overwhelmed by odds of 6:1, the squadron was routed, with the loss of two pilots killed for no loss to the Germans; none of the merchant vessels were hit. A second attack was ordered. At 11:00 GMT, Hawker Hurricanes from No. 601 Squadron RAF were scrambled to intercept a reconnaissance Do 17, missed it and stumbled into a formation from III./StG 2 escorted by about 40 Messerschmitt Bf 110s, that British radar failed to locate.
In 2019, Spinall had his first UK headline concert in London tagged Party of Your Dreams on 21 April 2019 at XOYO!. On 24 October 2018, DJ Spinall shared featured acts and producers on his fourth studio album Iyanu. Guests on the album are Wizkid, Kizz Daniel, Davido, Burna Boy, Tekno, Nonso Amadi, Wurld, Dotman, and more. The album was exclusively produced by DJ Spinall and co-produced by Killertunes, CKAY, Nonso Amadi, Benie Macaulay and Stg.
The origin of this rifle can be traced back to the final years of World War II when Mauser engineers at the Light Weapon Development Group (Abteilung 37) at Oberndorf am Neckar designed the Maschinenkarabiner Gerät 06 ( MKb Gerät 06, "machine carbine device 06") prototype assault rifle chambered for the intermediate 7.92×33mm Kurz cartridge, first with the Gerät 06 model using a roller-locked short recoil mechanism originally adapted from the MG 42 machine gun but with a fixed barrel and conventional gas-actuated piston rod. However, it was realized that with careful attention to the mechanical ratios, the gas system could be omitted. The resultant weapon, Gerät 06H (the "H" suffix is an abbreviation for halbverriegelt - "half-locked") was assigned the designation StG 45(M) (Sturmgewehr 45(M) , assault rifle 45) but was not produced in any significant numbers and the war ended before the first production rifles were completed. The German technicians involved in developing the StG 45(M) were taken to work in France at Centre d'Etudes et d'Armement de Mulhouse (CEAM).
The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, started a Cold War technological and ideological competition with the United States known as the Space Race. The demonstration of American technological inferiority came as a profound shock to the American public. In response to the Sputnik crisis, the U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower created a new civilian agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), to oversee an American space program. The Space Task Group (STG) at the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, created an American spaceflight project called Project Mercury, which aimed to send a person to space and then into orbit. The selection of the first astronauts, known as the "Original Seven" or "Mercury Seven", was announced on April 9, 1959. By 1961, although it was yet to launch a person into space, the STG was confident that Project Mercury had overcome its initial setbacks, and the United States had overtaken the Soviet Union as the most advanced nation in space technology.
Prvi Partizan (, ; abbr. PPU) is a Serbian manufacturer of ammunition and handloading components, based in Užice, Serbia. The company produces ammunition for civilian and military consumers in a variety of calibers in various loadings. Several ammunition articles list Prvi Partizan as one of the few sources of certain unusual cartridges, such as the 8x56mmR used in the M95/30 variant of the Mannlicher M1895, the 7.92×33mm Kurz cartridge used in the StG 44 rifle, and the 7.65×53mm Argentine cartridge.
The Eastern Front stabilised for the Germans after the Third Battle of Kharkov ended in March 1943. The Kuban bridgehead remained an area of heavy fighting but the Luftwaffe prepared for Operation Citadel, an offensive to shorten the line and destroy Soviet forces in a salient near Kursk. II. and III groups were ordered to carry out preliminary attacks and Soviet assembly points and tank concentrations. On 22 May 1943, II./StG 1 attacked Kursk marshalling yards with 36 aircraft.
A "shoot 'em up", also known as a "shmup" Buchanan, Levi, Top 10 Classic Shoot 'Em Ups , IGN, April 8, 2008, May 26, 2009 or "STG" (the common Japanese abbreviation for "shooting games"), is a game in which the protagonist combats a large number of enemies by shooting at them while dodging their fire. The controlling player must rely primarily on reaction times to succeed.Ashcraft, p. 70 Beyond this, critics differ on exactly which design elements constitute a shoot 'em up.
At about 1300 hrs on 4 July two Gruppen of Junkers Ju 87 dive bombers from StG 2 attacked the convoy in the English Channel off Portland Bill. The Stukas were armed with bombs and attacked in waves of six aircraft. There was no Allied air cover and the attack lasted about two hours. In this attack one ship, was sunk and five ships, SS Antonio, SS Argos Hill, SS Briarwood, SS Eastmoor and Danish turbine steamer TS Lifland were damaged.
Moreover, Victor reported to the Commander-in-Chief of the Home Fleet Admiral, Charles Forbes, that carrier operations were no longer practical under the current conditions. In the following weeks, StG 1 continued their sea operations. Off Namsos on 5 May 1940, they caught and sank the Royal Norwegian Navy transports Aafjord (335 tons) and Blaafjeld (1,146 tons). The Ju 87s then took to bombing the town and the airstrip to support the German forces under the command of Eduard Dietl.
The Luftwaffe's dive-bomber units had ceased to exist. A few Ju 87s were also retained for anti-shipping operations in the Black Sea, a role it had proved successful in when operating in the Mediterranean. In October 1943, this became evident again when StG 3 carried out several attacks against the Soviet Black Sea Fleet. On 6 October 1943 the most powerful flotilla in the fleet comprising the Leningrad class destroyers Kharkov, Besposhchadny and Sposobny were caught and sunk by dive -bombing.
The Handelsgesetzbuch (HGB, in English Commercial Code) contains the core of the commercial law in Germany. It regulates the legal relations of merchants and therefore it is also designated as "the special private law for merchants". The Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) (English Civil Code) is only subsidiary applied to merchants beside the HGB. Beside that the HGB contains the regulations for the Offene Handelsgesellschaft (OHG) (English General partnership), the Kommanditgesellschaft (KG) (English Limited partnership) and the Stille Gesellschaft (stG) (English Dormant partnership).
During the German occupation of Belgium, Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 (StG 1) formed at Schaffen as Erg.Staffel/St.G.1. It operated Ju-87 Stuka dive bombers from the field, attacking British shipping in the English Channel. The Stukas, however, suffered significant losses against RAF fighters over the channel and were withdrawn in August to bases in the Balkans. For the remainder of the occupation, Schaffen was a non-combat airfield of the Flughafen-Bereichs- Kommando 22/XI (Airport-area command 22/XI).
U.S. Air Force Airmen from the 720th STG parachute jumping out of a C-130J Hercules aircraft during water rescue training in the Florida panhandle An airman is a member of an air force or air arm of a nation's armed forces. In certain air forces, it can also refer to a specific enlisted rank. He can also be referred as soldier in other definition. In civilian aviation usage, the term airman is analogous to the term sailor in nautical usage.
Rohwer, pp. 38, 42–44, 47, 49–50, 52 On 11 January 1941, while supporting Operation Excess (several coordinated convoys), Gloucester and sister ship came under attack from Junkers Ju 87 "Stuka" dive bombers from StG 2 while leaving Malta. Gloucester was hit by a bomb which failed to explode after penetrating through five decks. Southampton was hit by at least two bombs and caught fire; heavily damaged and without power, the ship was scuttled by torpedoes from the light cruiser .
Bastian localized the auditory word center to the posterior MTG (middle temporal gyrus). Other opponents to the Wernicke-Lichtheim model were Sigmund Freud and Carl Freund. Freud (1891) suspected that the auditory deficits in aphasic patients was due to a secondary lesion to cochlea. This assertion was confirmed by Freund (1895), who reported two auditory agnosia patients with cochlear damage (although in a later autopsy, Freund reported also the presence of a tumor in the left STG in one of these patients).
This view was also consolidated by Geschwind (1965) who reported that, in humans, the left planum temporale is larger in the left hemisphere than on the right. Geschwind interpreted this asymmetry as anatomical verification for the role of left posterior STG in the perception of language. The Wernicke-Lichtheim- Geschwind model persisted throughout the 20th century. However, with the advent of MRI and its usage for lesion mapping, it was shown that this model is based on incorrect correlation between symptoms and lesions.
He fought in the Invasion of Poland and Battle of France in the opening phase of World War II. Stepp was awarded the Iron Cross second and first class, the latter on 15 June 1940. Stepp was transferred to Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2—2nd Dive Bomber Wing) in May 1941. He became the wing's adjutant and flew with the Stabstaffel (command flight). He was awarded the Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe () on 9 September 1941 as Oberleutnant on the Eastern Front.
The operation failed to achieve anything despite protection from 14 Bf 109s from I./JG 27 and nine from II./JG 27. By early September 1942 the wing had been equipped with Ju 87Ds. The upgrades had little effect on the Battle of Alam Halfa, which was another failed attempt to break the Allied defences at El Alamein. II./StG 3 lost three Ju 87s on 31 August and another three from a 14–aircraft formation attack positions near Alamein on 3 September.
Another three were destroyed and six damaged to all causes. By the 29 November group had been replenished and on 2 December 1942 moved to Protville and the Bizerte a week later. It flew attacks against enemy vehicle concentrations around Tebourba losing another Staffelkapitän (6 staffel again). II./StG 3 supported the German DAK at the Battle of Tebourba, from 1–10 December. The unit flew and fought over Medjez el Bab from 10–12 December and Djebel el Ahmera, 22–25 December.
While three of the four Ju 87 groups reached and bombed their targets without interception, the 28 Stukas of I./StG 77 were attacked by Nos. 43 and 601 Squadron sporting a force of 18 Hurricanes. The escorting Bf 109s from II./JG 27 were flying too far away and could not stop the Hurricanes making an attack before the Ju 87s made their dives. Three Ju 87s were shot down in exchange for a damaged Hurricane, hit by return fire.
The link was already envisaged in the early planning in 1973. (file reference: 400a/411a.4002/4123 Nv (Mhm–Stg), overview map of the original line layout; (available at General State Archives, Karlsruhe) During the planning and construction, the track was divided for planning approval purposes into sections 4b (northern section, Philippsburg area) and 4c (southern section, Graben-Neudorf area). The new Mannheim–Stuttgart railway in the section from the entrance and exit to Graben-Neudorf was included in section 4a (Waghäusel).
The vulnerability of the Ju 87 and the loss of air superiority to the Red Air Force, precluded any further large-scale use of the aircraft in the traditional dive-bombing role. In October 1943, the Ju 87 units were renamed Schlachtgeschwader, battle wings, with a mixed number of Ju 87s and Focke-Wulf Fw 190s operating in the anti-tank role. Stab., I., and III./StG 2 was renamed Schlachtgeschwader 2 on the 18 October 1943, and ceased to exist.
De Gaulle later remarked about III./StG 2's Stukas; > They continued to bomb us until sunset and consequently they destroyed our > wheeled vehicles, which were confined to the roads, and our supporting > artillery, which had no cover. The battle of Montcornet and Crécy-sur-Serre effectively destroyed the French Ninth Army. On 18 May the Ju 87s assisted in the defeat of the French 1st Arnoured Division outside St Quentin, and attacked troop trains in Soissons, which blocked the exits from Amiens.
In the Admiralty "Report of Proceedings", 26 May 1941, her captain, commander G. H Stokes reported after the action that some Stukas attacked from low-level. II./StG 2 Ju 87 escorted by a JG 27 Bf 109, January 1941 By 15 July the group was based at Derna. It fought over Bardia and Sollum during the British offensive Operation Battleaxe. That day it lost as many as five Ju 87s as Axis forces fell back into Libya and Tobruk was relieved.
During the attack, Oblt. Rudel crippled the soviet Battleship Marat with a 1000 kg bomb. Ju 87 of SG 2 in Russia, January 1942 In late 1942, a Panzerjäger Staffel was formed within StG 2, which enjoyed such success that, after October 1943, a similar unit was added to each Stuka Geschwader. During the spring of 1943 SG 2 worked up with modified Ju 87 G-1 'tank-busters' armed with two Rheinmetall-Borsig 37mm Flak 18 guns mounted under each wing.
The operations were successful but costly. Five Ju 87s were shot down near Tirlemont 42 km east-south-east of Brussels in combat with Hawker Hurricanes of the RAF Advanced Air Striking Force. Three of his men were killed in action, one wounded in action and one was captured. Their assailants were from No. 87 Squadron RAF. 11 Ju 87s from I. and II./StG 2 were lost to 3, 87 and No. 607 Squadron RAF, despite fighter protection from Jagdgeschwader 27.
Dalkeith Park itself was a large area of manicured trees and gardens which in later years would include the Montagu Bridge over the North Esk River and the Dalkeith Conservatory and a grassed amphitheatre. When the final calculations were made, it was determined that the construction of Dalkeith Palace had cost the Duchess a total of Stg£17,727. The plumber John Scott of Edinburgh re-plated the roof in lead in 1743. Some minor additions were carried out in the following years.
She completed her postdoctoral training at the University of Oregon in Eugene and the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, France. Marder subsequently began her independent research career at Brandeis University in 1978 as a faculty member in the department in Biology. Her work on the 30 neurons that compose the lobster stomatogastric ganglion (STG) produced many notable findings. She found that circuits can be modulated by many neuromodulators, which act on the level of populations of neurons, unlike some neurotransmitters, which can only affect specific target neurons.
In July and August 1960, NASA's Space Task Group (STG) hosted a series of NASA-industry conferences to discuss post-Project Mercury crewed spacecraft plans. Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden announced at the conference opening that "the next spacecraft beyond Mercury will be called Apollo." Chariots, ch. 1-6: Priming the Pipeline On August 30, NASA presented plans to award three feasibility study contracts for the Apollo spacecraft, conceived as a three-man Earth orbital and circumlunar craft, with growth potential for crewed lunar landings.
The Geschwader was originally formed in Thüringen, nicknamed "the green heart of Germany". Perhaps the flashiest Luftwaffe nose art was the red and white viper snake insignia running through the whole fuselage of certain Ju 87 Stukas that served with the II Gruppe, and especially the 6. Staffel of StG 2 in North Africa, the only known artwork on an Axis-flown combat aircraft that could have rivaled the length of that on "The Dragon and his Tail" B-24. front portside view entire portside ground view.
The full official name pound sterling (plural: pounds sterling), is used mainly in formal contexts and also when it is necessary to distinguish the United Kingdom currency from other currencies with the same name. Otherwise the term pound is normally used. The currency name is sometimes abbreviated to just sterling, particularly in the wholesale financial markets, but not when referring to specific amounts; for example, "Payment is accepted in sterling" but never "These cost five sterling". The abbreviations "ster." and "stg." are sometimes used.
When they start breeding disruption in the community, showing up in libraries to harm people with butcher knives up their sleeves, I have a problem. I have to get involved with the community." The official web site of Montana's department of corrections contains an explanation for Juggalos' classification as a security threat group: "the Juggalos are a recognized STG group that would never classify itself as a street gang. They are more like a cult that follows mimics and idolizes the music group, Insane Clown Posse.
StG 1 caught the 735 ton Norwegian destroyer Æger off Stavanger and hit her in the engine room. Æger was run aground and scuttled. The Stuka wings were now equipped with the new Ju 87 R, which differed from the Ju 87 B by having increased internal fuel capacity and two 300l underwing drop tanks for more range. The Stukas had numerous successes against Allied naval vessels and in particular the Royal Navy which posed a formidable threat to German naval and coastal operations.
The StG 45(M) mechanism was modified by Ludwig Vorgrimler and Theodor Löffler at the Mulhouse facility between 1946 and 1949. Three versions were made, chambered in .30 Carbine, 7.92×33 mm Kurz, and the experimental 7.65×35 mm French short cartridge developed by Cartoucherie de Valence in 1948. A 7.5×38 mm cartridge using a partial aluminium bullet was abandoned in 1947. Löffler's design, designated Carabine Mitrailleuse Modèle 1950, was retained for trials among 12 different prototypes designed by CEAM, MAC, and MAS.
At the outbreak of World War II he participated in the Poland campaign in 1939 with the Sturzkampfgeschwaders 1 (StG 1—1st Dive Bomber Wing). This unit also participated in the Battle of France and in the Operation Weserübung. Hozzel was the first Stuka pilot to be awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross () on 8 May 1940. He, Oberleutnant Elmar Schaefer, Leutnant Martin Möbus, and Unteroffizier Gerhard Grenzel, received this award for the destruction of the French destroyer Bison and the British destroyer .
A battle rifle is a military service rifle that is capable of semi or fully automatic fire, and fires a full-powered rifle cartridge. The term "battle rifle" was created largely out of a need to better differentiate the intermediate-power assault rifles (e.g. StG-44, AK-47, M16, AUG) from full- powered automatic rifles (e.g. FG-42, FN FAL, M14, H&K; G3) as both classes of firearms have a similar appearance and share many of the same features such as detachable magazines, pistol grips, etc.
At noon 605 Squadron claimed four from StG 77 and a for a loss of a Hurricane. JG 2 protected the Ju 87s, fought off the attacks from 17 Squadron and there appear to have been no German losses, while they shot down Blenheim on a reconnaissance sortie. were able to conduct fighter sweeps over Calais after noon, with the battle almost over. Seven Bf 109s engaged a flight of Hurricanes, the dogfight extending over Calais; one Hurricane was shot down for no loss to JG 3.
Wernicke localized the perception of spoken words to the posterior half of the left STG (superior temporal gyrus). Wernicke also distinguished between patients with auditory agnosia(which he labels as receptive aphasia) with patients who cannot detect sound at any frequency (which he labels as cortical deafness). In 1877, Kussamul was the first to report auditory agnosia in a patient with intact hearing, speaking, and reading-writing abilities. This case-study led Kussamul to propose of distinction between the word perception deficit and Wernicke's sensory aphasia.
This patient, in addition to word deafness, was impaired at recognizing environmental sounds and melodies. Based on this case study, as well as other aphasic patients, Lichtheim proposed that the language reception center receives afferents from upstream auditory and visual word recognition centers, and that damage to these regions results in word deafness or word blindness (i.e., alexia), respectively. Because the lesion of Lichtheim's auditory agnosia patient was sub-cortical deep to the posterior STG (superior temporal gyrus), Lichtheim renamed auditory agnosia as "sub-cortical speech deafness".
On the third day of the battle the first group lost three to enemy aircraft following by a second group aircraft the next day. III./StG 3 had already lost six destroyed or damaged from a formation of 20 to Allied fighters on 26 June. A force of 30 Ju 87s was broken up by DAF fighters on 17 July. At least one loss was recorded in attacks on the group's airfield. The 17 July operation was intercepted by 145 and 73 Squadron and 7 SAAF.
On 5 July it possessed 36 Ju 87D-3s and three D-1s, all of them tropicalised variants. The group was assigned to support the northern pincer containing the 9th Army and 2nd Panzer Army. On the first day third group flew against artillery in the Malo–Arkhangelsk area. 4./StG 3 proved to be the most fortunate unit over the front, losing one aircraft in July. On 6 July the air division assisted in the repulse of an attack by the Soviet 19th Independent Tank Corps.
This unit flew 200 sorties from within Stalingrad. On 1 January 1943 no operational aircraft appeared in the record. After the Raid on Tatsinskaya, the airfield itself fell on 7 January and the group suffered heavy losses in ground personnel. The solitary remaining Ju 87 in 4 staffel was blown up to prevent its capture. StG 2 attempted to provide support for the Romanian 3rd Army and Romanian 4th Army on 21 November, contributing 141 dive bombing missions which cost it five Ju 87s.
On 15 October Hitschhold was relieved of command of I/StG 2. Hitschhold was moved to the 1st Dive-bomber school as an instructor, and on 31 December 1941 he was awarded the 57th Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves with a promotion to Major for his service as Gruppenkommandeur of I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 "Immelmann". Oberstleutnant Hubertus Hitschhold replaced Otto Weiß as commanding officer of Schlachtgeschwader 1 on 18 June 1942. Hitschhold's appointment came prior to the beginning of Operation Blue, the summer offensive into the Caucasus.
The ZG 1229 Vampir weighed 2.25 kilograms (about 5 lbs.) and was fitted with lugs on the StG 44 at C.G. Haenel at Suhl, the weapons production facility. The grenadier carrying this was known as a Nachtjäger (night-hunter). As well as the sight and infrared spotlight, there was a 13.5 kilogram (about 30 lbs.) wooden cased battery for the light, and a second battery fitted inside a gas mask container to power the image converter. This was all strapped to a Tragegestell 39 (pack frame 1939).
Only one RAF aircraft, a Fairey Battle of No. 10 Bombing and Gunnery School, on a training flight from RAF Warmwell was present and the pilot A. W. Kearsey fled the scene at full speed, apparently unnoticed by the German fighters. The raiders lost a Ju 87 shot down by Foylebank gunners, Schwarze and his gunner being posted missing and another was slightly damaged, both from StG 51 and a Bf 109 was damaged. Convoy OA 178 (convoy outbound atlantic) of 14 heavily laden merchantmen left the Thames Estuary, bound for the west coast and passed Dover safely on 3 July. German radar picked up the convoy and the was ordered to intercept the ships after the Portland operation. As smoke was rising over Portland, a Junkers Ju 88 reconnaissance aircraft from 1.(F)/123 flew over the Channel and reported that the convoy was south-west of Portland. I./StG 2 took off, led by (Wing Commander) Oskar Dinort, from Falaise with 24 Ju 87s, escorted by a of fighters from I./JG 1\. The attack was followed by 23 Ju 87s of III.
Operation Demon—the Allied evacuation from Greece—reached its peak; three-quarters of 60,000 men were evacuated. The I./StG 2 under the command of Hitschhold participated in the Battle of Crete, which ended the fighting in the Balkans until 1944. StG 2, with KG 2 and KG 26, bombarded anti-aircraft artillery positions before 493 Junkers Ju 52 transports began dropping German paratroops over the Cretian airfields. Hitschhold's group achieved success on 22 May. The group sank the cruiser Gloucester with five 1,000 lb bombs. 45 officers and 648 men were killed. Hitschhold watched the ship sink in 35 minutes as he circled above. Hitschhold's unit contributed to the sinking of Fiji in the same action. The damaged Fiji was later sunk by Bf 109 fighter-bombers. On 22 May 1941, Captain Louis Mountbatten led four destroyers under over of darkness past Antikythera island to bombard Maleme airfield. In the morning they were spotted at 07:55 hours by more than 20 Ju 87s led by Gruppenkommandeur Hitschhold. The dive- bombers attacked immediately. They sank the British destroyers Greyhound on 22 May 1941 and the Kelly and Kashmir on 23 May 1941.
In 2006 it entered into a joint venture with Development Securities to develop Curzon Park in Birmingham.Grainger, Development Securities buy Birmingham site for 33.5 mln stg - Hemscott In 2007 it changed its name to Grainger plc. In 2008 a consortium of Helical Bar and Grainger was named as the preferred developer for the King Street regeneration scheme in Hammersmith. In 2010, Grainger acquired AIM-listed Sovereign Reversions, an equity release provider, and subsequently formed a 50:50 joint venture with Moorfield, a UK real estate investor, developer and private equity fund manager.
Rohwer, pp. 11–12 The beginning of Operation Barbarossa found Leningrad and Minsk in Tallinn and they were ordered to cover mine-laying operations at the entrance to the Gulf of Finland between Hanko and Osmussaar on 23 June.Rohwer, pp. 81–2 Both ships bombarded German positions surrounding Tallinn 23–27 August and participated in the evacuation of Tallinn from Tallinn to Leningrad at the end of August 1941.Rohwer, pp. 94–5 Minsk was sunk in Kronstadt harbor by Junkers Ju 87 dive-bombers of StG 2 on 23 September.
In February 1969, President Richard M. Nixon convened a Space Task Group to set recommendations for the future US civilian space program, headed by his Vice President Spiro T. Agnew.Hepplewhite, p. 123 Agnew was an enthusiastic proponent of NASA's follow-on plans, and the STG recommended plans to develop a reusable Space Transportation System including a Space Shuttle, which would facilitate development of permanent space stations in Earth and lunar orbit, perhaps a base on the lunar surface, and the first human flight to Mars as early as 1986 or as late as 2000.
When considering the prognosis for individuals with aphasia it is necessary to consider internal factors, patient specific factors, and external factors as these factors are considered most critical to post-stroke recovery. Internal factors are factors related to the stroke such as aphasia severity, lesion site and lesion size . Individuals with milder forms of aphasia, lesions that insignificantly impact language function and smaller lesions tend to have a higher degree of aphasia recovery. Lesions in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) produce a more persistent global aphasia, which is associated with poor aphasia recovery.
Stg 44 Germany developed numerous new weapons during the war although was unable to field many of these weapons in any meaningful number, including the first mass produced assault rifle in the world. Beginning in 1940, Germany solicited developmental prototypes for a semi- automatic rifle to replace the commonly used Karabiner 98k, a bolt-action rifle, for better performance in infantry. Two rifle manufacturers, Walther and Mauser submitted competing designs. These would be known as the Gewehr 41, with the entry by Mauser being designated G41M and Walther's being designated G41W.
The Hilton Austin Hotel is the third largest hotel in Austin, with 801 rooms. The Hilton Austin is also the third tallest hotel and seventeenth tallest building in Austin, Texas at tall with 31 stories. Designed by Ellerbe Becket Inc and Susman Tisdale Gayle Architects (now STG Design, Inc), the building broke ground on July 10, 2001 and topped out officially on January 17, 2003, a span of 1 year, 6 months, and 7 days. The second largest ballroom in Austin also is located at the Hilton Austin.
In battle she's often carries a MG 42 machine gun or a StG-44 assault rifle that has been modified with an underbarrel Sturmpistole grenade launcher. ; : :Master sergeant Edytha is a veteran trainer with the rank of Master Sergeant who raised several talented witches, earning the nickname "Teacher". She was assigned to train Hikari after the former earned another chance to prove her worth. If deployed in combat she's often carries MG 42 or Fliegerhammer prototype rocket launcher similar to the one carried by Sanya V. Litvyak from the 501st.
The German troops were supported by attacks from the of Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2). The demolished the town and had their first encounter with RAF Fighter Command and lost four aircraft over Boulogne and Calais. The last British unit in Boulogne was 3 Company, Welsh Guards (Major Windsor Lewis); 3 Company did not reach the docks until daybreak and Vimiera had left. Lewis took over a large party of stragglers in the sheds at the quayside comprising guardsmen, infantry, Engineers and refugees; most of the Pioneers were unarmed.
During August, the Ju 87s also had some success. On 13 August the opening of the main German attacks on airfields took place; it was known to the Luftwaffe as Adlertag ("Eagle Day"). Bf 109s of Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG 26) were sent out in advance of the main strike and drew off RAF fighters, allowing 86 Ju 87s of StG 1 to attack RAF Detling in Kent unhindered. The attack killed the station commander, destroyed 20 RAF aircraft on the ground and a great many of the airfield's buildings.
During the Battle of Sevastopol, the Stukas repeatedly bombed the trapped Soviet forces. Some Ju 87 pilots flew up to 300 sorties against the Soviet defenders. StG 77 (Luftflotte 4) flew 7,708 combat sorties dropping 3,537 tonnes of bombs on the city. Their efforts help secure the capitulation of Soviet forces on 4 July.Bergström 2007 (Stalingrad title), p. 46. For the German summer offensive, Fall Blau, the Luftwaffe had concentrated 1,800 aircraft into Luftflotte 4 making it the largest and most powerful air command in the world.Bergström 2007 (Stalingrad title), p. 122.
The ship escorted the heavy units of the Mediterranean Fleet on 6 May as they provided cover for Operation Tiger, a convoy carrying reinforcements to Egypt.Rohwer, p. 72 During the invasion of Crete, Greyhound escorted the battleship west of Crete on 22 May as she covered the cruiser forces attempting to sink the German invasion convoys. The ships were en route to rendezvous with the cruisers in the Kythira Strait when she was struck by three bombs dropped by Stukas of StG 2 and sank a few minutes afterwards.
The center is home to NASA's astronaut corps, and is responsible for training astronauts from both the US and its international partners. It houses the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center, which has provided the flight control function for every NASA human spaceflight since Gemini 4 (including Apollo, Skylab, Apollo–Soyuz, and Space Shuttle). It is popularly known by its radio call signs "Mission Control" and "Houston". The original Manned Spacecraft Center grew out of the Space Task Group (STG) headed by Robert Gilruth that was formed to coordinate the US crewed spaceflight program.
The STG was based at the Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, but reported organizationally to the Goddard Space Flight Center just outside Washington, D.C. To meet the growing needs of the US human spaceflight program, plans began in 1961 to expand its staff to its own organization, and move it to a new facility. This was constructed in 1962 and 1963 on land donated by the Humble Oil company through Rice University, and officially opened its doors in September 1963. Today, JSC is one of ten major NASA field centers.
Ultimately, it was recommended that a hammer firing system operating from a closed bolt similar to Walther's design be incorporated. The gas expansion chamber over the barrel was deemed unnecessary and was removed from successive designs, as was the under barrel bayonet lug. The modified rifle was christened the MP 43 and eventually lead to the StG 44. By March 1943, 2,734 MKb 42(H) were accepted into service, followed by 2,179 in April alone and 3,044 in May; these numbers correlate well with the Haenel estimates for these months (2,000 and respectively 3,000).
The Fedorov was arguably the first assault rifle. Later came the US M1 Carbine, which used the .30 Carbine cartridge and was developed as a weapon for officers and rear area soldiers unlikely to be involved in infantry assault but who needed a weapon more effective than a pistol. Soon after came the 7.92×33mm Kurz round developed by the Germans in 1938, which was a shortened version of the standard 7.92×57mm Mauser round, and was used in another candidate for first assault rifle, the StG-44.
97, 100 She escorted convoys from Odessa to Sevastopol in October when the evacuation of Odessa was ordered.Rohwer, pp. 105, 108 During the Siege of Sevastopol Chervona Ukraina provided gunfire support and evacuated cut-off troops from elsewhere in the Crimea into Sevastopol and brought in reinforcements from Caucasian ports. She was hit three times in the South Bay of Sevastopol by bombs from German Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers from II./StG 77 on 12 November 1941, but didn't sink until the next day after her crew was ordered to abandon her.
David Kates, creator of his musical theme, believed him to add a little comic relief to the game, calling him "quirky, a little bit disorganized, definitely cerebral, overthinking". However, at the same time he noted Mordin's hard-edge side, something he found fascinating about the character. A brilliant scientist, Mordin is said to have previously worked for the Special Tasks Group (STG), a salarian espionage organisation. While working for them, he modified the genophage, a virus that almost sterilised the krogan (another alien race), after it was revealed the krogan were naturally overcoming it.
The station dropped its longtime Christian radio format in favor of a classic rock format branded as "Rocket 95.1". In November 2001, due to a proposed refinancing of its parent company, STG Media, LLC, applied to the FCC to transfer the licenses of WAHR, WLOR, and WRTT-FM to Black Crow Media Group subsidiary BCA Media, LLC. Just two days later, another application was filed to shift the licenses to BCA Radio, LLC. The FCC approved the moves on November 15, 2001, and the consummation of the transaction occurred on November 19, 2001.
Two West German soldiers on a joint exercise in 1960. West Germany used the FN FAL designated as G1 Most StG 58s featured a folding bipod, and differ from the FAL by using a plastic stock rather than wood in order to reduce weight in the later production rifles (although some of the early FN-built production rifles did come with wooden stocks). The rifle can be distinguished from its Belgian and Argentine counterparts by its combination flash suppressor and grenade launcher. The foregrip was a two-part steel pressing.
STG ordered the refurbishment of this seventh airframe so as to have three Little Joe boosters for the qualification flight program. The success of Little Joe 1B in January 1960 meant that the next flight, the sixth, to be known as Little Joe 5, would be the first to fly a real Mercury capsule from the McDonnell production line. In passing from development flight tests with boilerplate models to qualification flight tests with the "real McDonnell" capsule, the Space Task Group moved further away from research into the development and toward operations.
The damage in all these cases was localized to the right hemisphere or was bilateral. (with the exception of one case.) The damage in these cases tended to focus around the temporal pole. Consistently, removal of the anterior temporal lobe was also associated with loss of music perception, and recordings directly from the anterior auditory cortex revealed that in both hemispheres, music is perceived medially to speech. These findings therefore imply that the loss of music perception in auditory agnosia is because of damage to the medial anterior STG.
Mozzarella, recognised as a Specialità Tradizionale Garantita (STG) since 1996,Regolamento (CE) N. 2527/98 della commissione del 25 novembre 1998 registrando una denominazione - Mozzarella - nell'albo delle attestazioni di specificità. Gazzetta ufficiale delle Comunità europee L 317/14 del 26/11/1998. is available fresh, usually rolled into a ball of or about in diameter, and sometimes up to or about diameter. It is soaked in salt water (brine) or whey, and other times citric acid is added and it is partly dried (desiccated), its structure being more compact.
STG+ can produce drop-in gasoline, diesel, jet fuel and aromatic chemicals directly from natural gas via a single-loop process. In 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's per day F–T plant went into operation in Qatar. Natural gas can be "associated" (found in oil fields), or "non-associated" (isolated in natural gas fields), and is also found in coal beds (as coalbed methane). It sometimes contains a significant amount of ethane, propane, butane, and pentane—heavier hydrocarbons removed for commercial use prior to the methane being sold as a consumer fuel or chemical plant feedstock.
A conical flash hider was added to the barrel to keep the muzzle flash from blinding the shooter. At the end of the war, Hugo Schmeisser claimed that 424,000 MP 43/MP 44/StG 44 rifles were built between June 1943 and April 1945 in four plants: 185,000 by C.G. Haenel in Suhl; 55,000 by J.P. Sauer & Sohn in Suhl; 104,000 in Erfurt; and 80,000 by Steyr- Daimler-Puch AG in Steyr, Austria. This was fewer than the 1.5 million ordered, and far fewer than the 4 million planned.
The primary auditory cortex is the first region of cerebral cortex to receive auditory input. Perception of sound is associated with the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG). The superior temporal gyrus contains several important structures of the brain, including Brodmann areas 41 and 42, marking the location of the primary auditory cortex, the cortical region responsible for the sensation of basic characteristics of sound such as pitch and rhythm. We know from research in nonhuman primates that the primary auditory cortex can probably be divided further into functionally differentiable subregions.
In 1911, a fabulous sum of Stg £600,000 was approved for the Durbar and maintenance of the visiting local rulers. An additional £300,000 were supplied by the Government of India to pay for eighty thousand Army troops in the parades and security for the event. The Imperial Hotel in New Delhi, considered a legacy of the colonial times, continues to display pictures of the Durbar in a Coffee Shop named "1911". After the Coronation Durbar, Edwin Lutyens (Sir Edwin from 1918) was authorised by Lord Hardinge to proceed with preparing plans for building New Delhi.
An early example of a man portable telescopic sight for low visibility/night use is the Zielgerät (aiming device) 1229 (ZG 1229), also known by its code name Vampir. The ZG 1229 Vampir was a Generation 0 active infrared night vision device developed for the Wehrmacht for the StG 44 assault rifle, intended primarily for night use. The issuing of the ZG 1229 Vampir system to the military started in 1944 and it was used on a small scale in combat from February 1945 until the final stages of World War II.
After defeating the Collectors, Mordin returned to STG as a special consultant, whilst also working as an inside source for Clan Urdnot. If Maelon's research data was saved, he uses it to aid in the treatment of the surviving female krogan codenamed Eve, the only survivor of his student's experiments. He is encountered on the salarian homeworld, Sur'Kesh, when Shepard is sent there to aid in the evacuation of the female. Mordin Solus is voiced by Michael Beattie in Mass Effect 2, and by William Salyers in Mass Effect 3.
The group was attached to VIII Fliegerkorps under Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen. It mustered 39 Ju 87s and supported the spearheads in northern Greece. The group bombed British forces near Servia losing two aircraft. During the Allied evacuation of Greece, Operation Demon, the Ju 87s sank scores of Allied ships. From 22–24 April 23 vessels were sunk by Ju 87s at Piraeus naval base. A photograph from I./StG 3 reconnaissance aircraft shows the aftermath of attacks against Allied evacuation points at Megara. The photograph shows a burning 4,000-ton tanker.
As is the case with other gas to liquids processes, STG+ utilizes syngas produced via other technologies as a feedstock. This syngas can be produced through several commercially available technologies and from a wide variety of feedstocks, including natural gas, biomass and municipal solid waste. Natural gas and other methane-rich gases, including those produced from municipal waste, are converted into syngas through methane reforming technologies such as steam methane reforming and auto-thermal reforming. Biomass gasification technologies are less established, though several systems being developed utilize fixed bed or fluidized bed reactors.
Norwegian air strength around Oslo consisted of just 24 combat aircraft including five Tiger Moth biplanes; this force was destroyed or captured by the evening. After the first day's fighting Norwegian aerial strength fell to 54.Hooton 2007 Vo.2, p. 33 A notable failure of the Luftwaffe during the initial invasion was caused by the Stukas of Sturzkampfgeschwader I./StG 1, who failed to silence the batteries of the Oscarsborg Fortress thus contributing to the loss of the heavy cruiser Blücher and causing the disruption of the amphibious landings in Oslo through Oslofjord.
To the Germans, this became known as the Kanalkampf, and to the British as the convoy battle. On 9 July 1940 the Germans attacked the convoy routes in force. The last sorties of the day were flown by 27 I./StG 77 Ju 87s, led by Hauptmann Friedrich-Karl Lichtenfels, escorted by Bf 110s, which attacked the Portland naval base. Intercepted by 609 Squadron, Lichtenfels was killed with his gunner and a Spitfire pilot was killed by the Bf 110 escort; Lichtenfels was a Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross holder and experienced pilot.
On the second he was damaged by ground fire after a hit in the engine. On the third occasion he and his gunner were wounded when they crashed into a forest after taking damage from ground fire. Both groups were returned to Luftflotte 2 for the Battle of Moscow. The German offensive began on 2 October 1941. I./StG 2 fought over the Vyazma pocket until 9 October. Thereafter, it supported the 9th army and 3rd Panzer army advancing on Moscow. Fourteen days into the battle, Dinort was replaced by Paul-Werner Hozzel.
The losses of the 9 July was a stark warning to the dive-bomber forces that faced mounting difficulties in daylight operations over contested airspace. From 9 July, the number Stuka sorties fell from over 1,000 on 5 July to 700 to 800 in the following dayes, to half that from 10 July. The wing fought at the Battle of Prokhorovka, but StG 2 and 77 made their weakest contribution to the battle thus far. Only 150 combat sorties were flown between them; compared to 471 the previous day and 1,071 on 5 July.
Schlachtgeschwader 2 (SG 2) Immelmann was a Luftwaffe dive-bomber wing of World War II. It was named after Max Immelmann, the first German pilot to earn the Pour le Mérite. This close-support Stuka unit fought principally in the southern sector of the Eastern Front in places like Stalingrad and the Caucasus. The early two Schlachtgeschwader 1 and 2 were abbreviated SchlG, the reformed Stukageschwader in 1943 were abbreviated SG. The 4 SchlG Gruppen were integrated into the former Stuka (StG) and Schnellkampfgeschwader (SKG) to form SG 2, 4, 77 and 10.
From 22 April Histchhold's group attacked Allied shipping in the Megara Gulf. I./StG 2 found target-rich waters in the Gulf of Corinth where, at Antikyra, the 1,300-ton tanker Theodora and 657-ton coastal tanker Theodol were sunk by 2 staffel. The Greek destroyer Hydra was sunk in the Gulf of Megara on 22 April. In total the Hellenic Navy lost four torpedo boats—Greek torpedo boat Kios among them—three mine-layers and with Allied naval forces a further 43 merchant ships totalling 63,975 tons to the 23 April.
On the first three days of the invasion, from 22–24 June 1941, Hitschhold was ordered to support the 9th Army and 3rd Panzer Army, the spearhead of Army Group Centre. Hitschhold's group assisted the breakthrough at Suwałki on 25 June, and engaged in anti-tank operations 80 km south of Grodno. He led II./StG 2 in the Battle of Białystok–Minsk, advance on Vilnius, Lepel, Vitebsk to force a bridgehead over the Dnieper. On 11 July the group attacked rail lines from Vitebsk to Smolensk, before supporting the destruction of the Smolensk pocket.
He was posted to 1 Staffel Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG 2), which was moved to occupied Poland in preparation for Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, in June 1941. On 21 September 1941, Rudel took part in an attack on the Soviet battleship Marat of the Baltic Fleet. Marat' was sunk at her moorings on 23 September 1941 after being hit by one bomb near the forward superstructure. It caused the explosion of the forward magazine which demolished the superstructure and the forward part of the hull. 326 men were killed and the ship gradually settled to the bottom in of water.
Within hours, Ju 87s of StG 77 had knocked out the Soviet 44th Army's critical communications and mortally wounded the 51st Army's commander. The airfields were destroyed and 57 of the 401 Soviet aircraft in the area were shot down in 2,100 German sorties. With the army's Headquarters knocked out, the Soviets could not organise a counter offensive and the 44th Army collapsed into a retreat when Manstein launched the ground attack. Manstein had five infantry divisions, the 22nd Panzer Division, and two and a half Romanian divisions against 19 Soviet divisions and four armoured brigades at Kerch.
They assisted in the breakthrough at Sedan, the critical and first major land battle of the war on French territory. The Stukawaffe flew 300 sorties against French positions, with StG 77 alone flying 201 individual missions. The Ju 87s benefited from heavy fighter protection from Messerschmitt Bf 109 units. When resistance was organised, the Ju 87s could be vulnerable. For example, on 12 May, near Sedan, six French Curtiss H-75s from Groupe de Chasse I/5 (Group Interception) attacked a formation of Ju 87s, claiming 11 out of 12 unescorted Ju 87s without loss (the Germans recorded six losses over Sedan entire).
These developments were encouraged by Calzada Bayo, a Spanish lieutenant colonel. However, they were cancelled in favour of a more radical cartridge, 7.92×40mm CETME. Finally, Spanish CETME rifles were chambered for a variant of the 7.62×51mm NATO round. Demand for the ammunition still exists, as the StG 44 is still in use by some within the Lebanese Forces militia, Djibouti and Pakistan as well as irregular forces in some countries in the Horn of Africa and the Middle East, where captured German arms were distributed as military aid by Eastern Bloc countries as well as Yugoslavia.
A short distance to the north, a chain of casemates covered an anti-tank ditch extending about . The position is described as an "ensemble" rather than an ouvrage, as a true Maginot fortification would be termed, due to the absence of connecting underground galleries and support facilities. Nevertheless, with four 75 mm guns and a 155 mm gun, the position was heavily armed. Mauldet was not constructed by CORF (), the Maginot Line's design and construction agency, but by the Army Engineer Service ( [STG]), further removing it from the main Maginot Line; fve artillery casemates were planned but only three were built.
Her aircraft facilities were removed. Ajax underwent post refit trials in October and after being recommissioned on 24 October, she worked-up at Scapa Flow with the Home Fleet during November. On 31 December, she joined Force Q at Bône, in Algeria for the interdiction of enemy convoys and convoy defence. Ajax was disabled by a bomb—dropped by an aircraft from II./SKG 10 or II./StG 3— hitting "B" boiler room on 1 January 1943 while at Bône, after convoy escort duty; she was towed on 7 January to Gibraltar for temporary repairs, which continued into February.
In July 1943, she provided escort for the support force for the Allied invasion of Sicily. In September–October, during the German counter-attack in the Aegean Sea, Carlisle made a sortie into the area south of Piraeus with the destroyers and HMS Rockwood to intercept German convoys in the Scarpanto Strait. On 9 October 1943, they were spotted by German Ju 87 dive bombers from I. StG 3 from the Megara air base which succeeded in sinking Panther at 12.05 and later on seriously damaged Carlisle. She was taken in tow to Alexandria by Rockwood.
Several more waves bombed the town; sources vary as to the number. One of the latter waves, described by Piątkowski as the second, of Stuka bombers of I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 77, was commanded by Captain Friedrich-Karl Freiherr von Dalwigk zu Lichtenfels. Książek describes the second wave, which bombed the town at 05:08 (or 06:08, according to the IPN, which does not name its commander, only the unit: I/StG 77), as being commanded by Captain von Schönborn, likewise of Sturzkampfgeschwader 77. II./Sturzkampfgeschwader 77, was actually commanded by Hauptmann Clemens Graf von Schönborn-Wiesentheid.
JG 27 formed part of the 173-strong Bf 109 force (with support from JG 53 and JG 3) that flew combat patrols from dawn, ahead of the German bomber formations. Later, Zerstörergeschwader 2 (ZG 2—2nd Destroyer Wing) and JG 27 escorted Junkers Ju 88s from LG 1 and Ju 87s from StG 77 over England. No JG 27 losses are recorded. JG 27 submitted five claims.. The next major action occurred on 15 August, known as "Black Thursday" in the Luftwaffe, and "The Greatest Day" to the British, due to the scale of the losses.
Keith was born in Govan, in the Southside of Glasgow. In his last year at Govan High School, Keith joined STG (Strathclyde University Theatre Group) performing in The Government Inspector by Gogol, this led to a small role in the BBC drama 'Knowing The Score' with Andrew Keir in 1986. As a musician he has toured Japan and Europe with The Kaisers and combined his love for acting and music when he formed The Scottish Sex Pistols, playing the part of Johnny Rotten. The band teamed up with John Lydon to promote the release of Kiss This.
The Sturmgewehr 58 (StG 58) is a selective fire (semi-automatic and fully automatic) battle rifle. The first 20,000 were manufactured by Fabrique Nationale d’Armes de Guerre-Herstal Belgique, but later the StG58 was manufactured under licence by Steyr-Daimler-Puch (now Steyr Mannlicher), and was formerly the standard rifle of the Österreichisches Bundesheer (Austrian Federal Army). It is essentially a user-customized version of the FAL and is still in use, mainly as a drill weapon in the Austrian forces. It was selected in a 1958 competition, beating the Spanish CETME and American Armalite AR-10.
G1s served in the West German Bundeswehr for a relatively short time in the late 1950s and early 1960s, before they were replaced by the Spanish CETME Modelo 58 rifle in 1959 (which was extensively reworked into the later G3 rifle). The G1 featured a pressed metal handguard identical to the ones used on the Austrian Stg. 58, as well as the Dutch and Greek FALs, this being slightly slimmer than the standard wood or plastic handguards, and featuring horizontal lines running almost their entire length. G1s were also fitted with a unique removable prong flash hider, adding another external distinction.
In addition to transporting gas via pipelines for use in power generation, other end uses for natural gas include export as liquefied natural gas (LNG) or conversion of natural gas into other liquid products via gas to liquids (GTL) technologies. GTL technologies can convert natural gas into liquids products such as gasoline, diesel or jet fuel. A variety of GTL technologies have been developed, including Fischer–Tropsch (F–T), methanol to gasoline (MTG) and syngas to gasoline plus (STG+). F–T produces a synthetic crude that can be further refined into finished products, while MTG can produce synthetic gasoline from natural gas.
The assault rifles in a squad added firepower when the machine gun had to cease fire or move. When attacking a position, Kar 98k riflemen would use grenades against it at close-range, while StG 44 riflemen would fire in rapid semi-automatic or automatic bursts to keep the defenders suppressed. The magazine follower spring had a short service life, so soldiers were ordered to load no more than 25 rounds to reduce wear of the spring. In January 1945, a magazine was introduced fitted with a fixed plug to restrict its capacity to 25 rounds.
The park currently hosts several software, telecommunications and BPO companies. Recently, it has been a venue to several unconferences like Blogcamp, Barcamp, WikiCamp and PodWorks. Partial list of companies: #Sagitec Solutions #BNY Mellon Technology #OneGlobe Systems LLP #OrangeScape Technologie #Pointel Solutions India Pvt Ltd #Tata Consultancy Services #Sify Technologies Ltd #Anantara Solutions Pvt Ltd #Trimble Information Technologies Pvt Ltd #Cisco Systems # Williams Lea #Softsquare Solution # Door Sabha Nigam Limited #Systems Technology Group,INC. (STG) # Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC) R&D; # State Bank of India # Canara Bank # India Post # National Informatics Centre # Urjanet, Inc.
Auditory verbal agnosia has been shown to form as a result of tumor formation, especially in the posterior third ventricle, trauma, lesions, cerebral infarction, encephalitis as a result of herpes simplex, and Landaui- Kleffner syndrome. The exact location of damage which results in pure word deafness is still under debate, but the planum temporale, posterior STG, and white matter damage to the acoustic radiations (AR) have all been implicated. Auditory verbal agnosia is rarely diagnosed in its pure form. Auditory verbal agnosia can both present as the result of acute damage or as chronic, progressive degeneration over time.
During a five-day period, III./JG 52 claimed between 45 and 50 Soviet aircraft. Rall remarked the reasons for the success was the Soviets did not provide fighter escort for their bombers. Rall claimed his fifth victory on 4 August thus becoming an "ace". While providing escort for Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (StG 77—77th Dive Bomber Wing) on 13 August 1941, with Jagdgeschwader 3 (JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing), Rall claimed a Polikarpov I-16 as did JG 3's Günther Lützow. The Soviet pilots were from the 88 IAP and identified as Lieutenants Yakov Kozlov and Ivan Novikov. III.
ZG 2 was transferred to Luftflotte 4 on the Eastern Front. ZG 2 fought in the initial phases of Operation Blue, which triggered the Battle of Stalingrad and Battle of the Caucasus. In preparation for the offensive, the German 6th Amy began Operation "Wilhelm", to seize staging areas near Volchansk. ZG 2, along with II/StG 1, SG 1, ZG 1, KG 27, KG 51 and KG 55 supported the offensive. On 10 June, the first day, 20 Zerstörer were lost from ZG 1 and 2. The Luftwaffe was strongly opposed by the 8th Air Army and 4th Air Army.
In particular, it served with distinction in the Battle of Uman, Battle of Kiev, Crimean Campaign, Second Battle of Kharkov, Battle of the Caucasus and ultimately the Battle of Stalingrad. In its final year, StG 77 continued close air support operations in support of the Centre and Southern army groups, but began to operate more specifically in the anti- tank role with the introduction of the Ju 87G variant; specifically armed to engage Soviet armour. It fought at the Battle of Kursk in July 1943 and the subsequent retreat to the Dnieper; its final battle. In October 1943, the Stuka wings were reorganised.
Suda Bay in the aftermath of a German air attack, May 1941 Richthofen's Ju 87s supported the German Twelfth Army in southern Yugoslavia, which cut the Yugoslav Army off from Greece and the Allied expeditionary forces there. The victory in Yugoslavia was complete with the bombing of Belgrade, which facilitated a rapid victory by destroying command and control centres. I./StG 2 dive-bombed Yugoslav force opposite Petrich and the Metaxas Line, and subsequent Battle of the Metaxas Line. It is not clear whether the group took part in the Belgrade bombing; it may have done.
The group was ordered to Markersdorf to rest and refit. It returned to the front to support the 1942 offensive towards Voronezh, before returning to Vyazma on 14 August 1942. Ju 87 over the ruins of Stalingrad II./StG 2 spent two months building its strength. At the time combat operations started on the Volkhov front in March 1942, it possessed only 12 aircraft, barely the size of a staffel. The group was in action over Novgorod and Leningrad, against the Baltic Fleet in April–the raids against shipping took place over the 24th to 27th of the month.
The German attacks forced the defenders a strip of land on the western bank;, over 1,208 Stuka missions were flown in an effort to eliminate them. The previous day, II./StG 2 lost its future commander Martin Möbus wounded. On 19 November 1942 the Red Army began Operation Uranus, an encirclement operation which encircled the German 6th army and several other Axis armies in Stalingrad. The chaos of the evacuation of Stalingrad, partial elements of II gruppe, either some or all of 6 staffel under the command of Oberleutnant Heinz Jungclausen operated from inside the pocket until December.
That morning Convoy OA 178 (convoy outbound atlantic) of 14 heavily laden merchantmen left the Thames Estuary, bound for the west coast and passed Dover safely on 3 July. German radar picked up the convoy and the Luftwaffe was ordered to intercept the ships. A Junkers Ju 88 reconnaissance aircraft from 1.(F)/123 flew over the Channel and reported that the convoy was south- west of Portland. I./StG 2 took off, led by Geschwaderkommodore Oskar Dinort and Hitschhold, from Falaise, Calvados with 24 Ju 87s, escorted by a Staffel of fighters from I./JG 1.
It was introduced into service in 1918 by the German Army during World War I as the primary weapon of the Stosstruppen (assault groups specialized in trench combat). Submachine guns came to prominence during World War II, with millions manufactured. During the war, manufacturers moved away from finely crafted but expensive submachine guns such as the Thompson, in favor of cheaper models that were quicker to manufacture, such as the M3. The first successful assault rifle was introduced during World War II by the Germans, known as the StG 44, it was the first-ever firearm which bridges the gap between long range rifles, machine guns, and short range submachine guns.
Twenty-two bombs were dropped. The oiler War Sepoy blew up, the tug Simla, the drifter Golden Drift and the destroyer were all damaged. Wartime film of Ju 87s attacking a British convoy in the Channel. It was probably filmed for propaganda On 20 July, II./StG 1 attacked Convoy Bosom. The Bf 109 scorts were unable to prevent the RAF intercepting, which damaged four Ju 87s and accounted for two destroyed; Leutnant Roden and his gunner being killed. The wing also lost its Do 17 reconnaissance machine shot down near the convoy. While the fighters were dog-fighting, the Ju 87s attacked the convoy and the coaster Pulborough blew up.
Her subsequent library studies on inhibition in neural signaling solidified her career goals to become a neuroscientist and launched her on what would become her lifelong academic path. Marder received her B.A. from Brandeis University in 1969 and subsequently completed Ph.D. studies at University of California, San Diego. It was during her time as a graduate student at UCSD that Marder would be introduced to the specific neural network, the lobster stomatogastric-ganglion system, that would prove pivotal for the rest of her academic career. Marder's doctoral work on the role of acetylcholine in the lobster STG led to a single-author paper in Nature.
Colt MG52 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun on the destroyer A short while after the sinking of Roda Luftwaffe aircraft started appearing overhead. At 08:30 the first three of in total ten Luftwaffe Junkers Ju 88 bombers from III/Kampfgeschwader 4 began attacking Æger at low altitude. Junkers Ju 87s from StG 1 also attacked the ship and have been credited with its sinking. Responding with her single 40 mm Bofors gun and two 12.7 mm Colt anti-aircraft machine guns Æger claimed two of the attacking bombers shot down while zig- zagging to avoid the stacks of bombs being unleashed at her.
A different study conducted by psychologist Joan Chiao found that due to cultural differences, East Asians are more likely to suffer from depression than Americans. She found that East Asians are more likely to carry the short allele of the serotonin transporter gene (STG) which leads to depression while Americans carry the long allele which doesn't lead to depression. Yet due to difference in cultural structure they found that collectivist societies are more likely to find happiness than individual societies. Another study done by psychologists Nalini Ambady and Jonathan Freeman showed a difference in brain activity between Japanese and Americans when shown different body posture.
Adolf Hitler had issued Führer Directive no. 17 (Weisung Nr. 17) on 1 August 1940; the strategic objective was to engage and defeat the RAF so as to achieve air superiority in preparation for Operation Sea Lion (Unternehmen Seelöwe), the proposed amphibious invasion of Great Britain. On 13 August 1940, during Operation Eagle Attack (code name Adlertag), I.(J)/LG 2 was tasked with providing fighter escort for Junkers Ju 87 dive bombers from IV. Gruppe of Lehrgeschwader 1 (LG 1—1st Demonstration Wing) and II. Gruppe of Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 (StG 1—1st Dive Bomber Wing), destined to attack the RAF airfields at Rochford and Detling.
On 2 July, German attacks caught convoy OA177G en route for Gibraltar and Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 (StG, Dive Bomber Wing) sank the British steamer Aeneas (10,058 GRT) south-east of Start Point, Devon; 18 crewmen died and the rest were rescued by the destroyer and later StG2 damaged the British steamer Baron Ruthven (3,178 GRT). A German E-Boat, S-23, looking for the convoys, was damaged by a mine and sank as it was being towed. Bijou (98 GRT) was sunk by air attack at Mistley Quay, near Harwich on 3 July. To be closer to the coast, Dowding transferred 79 Squadron from Biggin Hill to RAF Hawkinge.
The bombers hit the steamer Kenneth Hawksfield (1,546 GRT) and Pol Grange (804 GRT) with no casualties and Kenneth Hawksfield was beached, patched up two days later and returned to London docks. The last sorties of the day were flown by 27 I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (StG 77) Ju 87s, led by Friedrich-Karl Lichtenfels, escorted by Bf 110s, which attacked the Portland naval base. Intercepted by 609 Squadron, Lichtenfels was killed with his gunner and a Spitfire pilot was killed by the Bf 110 escort; Lichtenfels was a Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross holder and experienced pilot. A Bf 110 escort from 13.
The wreckage of Waimarama showered flaming debris on and several of her crew abandoned ship prematurely, some of whom were later rescued by Ledbury. At 09:23, eight Italian Ju 87s with ten MC.202 escorts attacked and a Stuka was shot down and crashed onto Ohio, another was shot into the sea and a Spitfire was shot down, either by a MC.202 or navy anti-aircraft fire. Rochester Castle was damaged by a near miss from a and Dorset was hit by Stukas of I/StG 3 and abandoned. The attackers lost two Ju 87s and a Bf 109 and a Beaufighter was shot down.
At 14:13 King and Rawlings exchanged messages about the shortage of ammunition within both Force C and Force A1, with Rawlings expressing concern about the orders given to Gloucester and Fiji. Following this communication, King issued an order to recall both Gloucester and Fiji at 14:57.Cunningham, Section 1, paragraph 8, and Section 2, paragraphs 30-35. While in the Kythira Strait, about north of Crete, Gloucester and Fiji were attacked by "Stuka"s of StG 2. Between 15:30 and 15:50, while attempting to rejoin Force A1, Gloucester was hit by several bombs and the decision was taken to leave her behind due to the air attacks.
The belt buckle is used as battle zero point of aim in Russian and former Soviet military doctrine. The first mass-produced assault rifle, the World War II StG 44, and its preceding prototypes had iron sight lines elevated over the bore axis to extend point-blank range. The current trend for elevated sights and flatter shooting higher-velocity cartridges in assault rifles is in part due to a desire to further extend the maximum point-blank range, which makes the rifle easier to use. Raising the sight line over the bore axis, introduces an inherent parallax problem as the projectile path crosses the horizontal sighting plane two times.
Okano worked to assemble a team of designers that were fans of the Thunder Force series and had prior experience with working on shooters, gathering several from Taito and Konami to assist in production. The game was intended to be the first under the "Project STG" brand name, intended for remakes and reboots of older shoot'em up franchises. Versions for the Xbox 360, PlayStation Portable and arcades were briefly considered but later scrapped. Thunder Force VI was met with a mixed reaction from critics, with complaints being directed towards its blurry visuals, short length, soundtrack and for mostly consisting of "recycled" stages and mechanics found in earlier games in the franchise.
Squad and Platoon. p. 22-23 Dr. Stephen Bull, OSPREY. Elite PUBLISHING The German military did experiment with semi-automatic rifles throughout World War 2 and fielded the Gewehr 41 series of which less than 150,000 were built, the Gewehr 43/Karabiner 43 series of which 402,713 were built, and introduced the first assault rifle in 1943 – the MP43 / MP44 / StG 44 series, of which 425,977 were built. Due to the relatively limited production of semi-automatic and assault rifles, the Karabiner 98k of which over 14,600,000 were built remained the primary service weapon until the last days of World War 2, and was manufactured until Germany's surrender in May 1945.
British paratroopers in Oosterbeek during Operation Market Garden armed with the Sten Mk V. Introduced in 1944, the Mk V was a better-quality, more elaborate version of the Mk II. Changes included a wooden pistol grip, a vertical wooden foregrip, a wooden stock, and a bayonet mount. There was a No. 4 Lee–Enfield rear sight and the weapon was of better quality manufacture and finish than the Mk II and Mk III. Another variant of the Mk V had a swivel stock and rear sight mirror intended for firing around corners in urban warfare, similar to the Krummlauf developed by the Germans for the StG 44.
The Gerät 06 ("device 06") prototype. An attempt to further simplify the MP 43/44 and StG 44 series of weapons. The pictured example is incomplete; it was captured in 1945 and evaluated at Aberdeen Proving Ground after the war. In a somewhat unrelated development, Mauser continued design work on a series of experimental weapons in an effort to produce an acceptable service-wide rifle for the short cartridge system. One of these prototypes, a product of the engineers at the Light Weapon Development Group (Abteilung 37) at Oberndorf, was the MKb Gerät 06 (Maschinenkarabiner Gerät 06 or "machine carbine device 06") first appearing in 1942.
U.S. Air Force Commandos from the 720th STG jumping out of a C-130J Hercules aircraft during water rescue training in the Florida panhandle Airborne forces are military units moved by aircraft and "dropped" into battle, typically by parachute, almost anywhere with little warning. Formations are limited only by the number and size of their aircraft; a huge force can appear "out of nowhere" behind enemy lines in minutes, an action known as vertical envelopment. On the other hand, airborne forces typically lack supplies for prolonged combat; they are much better equipped for an airhead than for long- term occupation. Airborne operations are particularly sensitive to weather.
Captain Kirrahe was the Salarian Special Tasks Group (STG) intelligence officer who uncovered Saren's facility on Virmire, and fights alongside Shepard's squad during the assault. Kirrahe's determination to destroy Saren's base, and thus the cure with it, causes a rift between Shepard and Wrex which may be resolved by the player in a number of ways. If he survives the battle, he will be promoted to Major and appears in Mass Effect 3 as an ally at various instances. Kirrahe's speech amidst a thunderstorm in Mass Effect is considered to be one of the Mass Effect trilogy's most iconic moments by Kotaku's Gergo Vas.
After attending the University of Cambridge, he was mobilised as part of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force on the outbreak of war. Flying the Spitfire Crook participated in the Battle of Britain, flying with No. 609 Squadron RAF (at the time this was a squadron of the Auxiliary Air Force). He initially joined the squadron on 22 September 1938 as an acting pilot officer, this rank was confirmed on 4 May 1940, and later further back-dated to 9 December 1939. He destroyed a Junkers Ju 87 of Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 (StG 77) on 9 July, and a Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53) Messerschmitt Bf 109 on 13 August.
The airfields the Air Fleet attacked at Ford, Gosport and Thorney Island had nothing to do with the main battle as they belonged to Coastal Command and the FAA. Sperrle and his command remained unaware of their errors in intelligence. The tactical handling of Luftflotte 3 was not good either. The escorting fighters of StG 77 were stretched too far across a 30-mile front. By chance half of the defending fighters went into action against one of the attacking Ju 87 groups with disastrous results for the group concerned. The German fighters, which outnumbered the RAF units by 2:1, were unable to protect the Stuka units.
During the planning for the high-speed railway in 1973, provision was made for an operations station in the Hockenheim area (at the 19.0 kilometre point). The new line would run to the west of this town and not be linked with the existing line in this area. (available at the general state archive, Karlsruhe, file reference 400a/411a.4002/4123 Nv (Mhm–Stg)) The present route of the Rhine Railway at the station was set out in the planning for zoning section 3a of the new line (covering the Hockenheim–Reilingen section from kilometres 19.183 to 23.291). The planning approval procedure was initiated in May 1976.
Three Ju 87s were shot down in exchange for a damaged Hurricane, hit by return fire. Some hangars were hit and much damage done. As the Bf 109 escorts turned to meet the two engaging RAF Squadrons, around 300 aircraft filled a patch of sky 25 miles long, from Gosport to Bognor Regis.Price 2010, pp. 180–192. The lack of protection for I./StG 77 had cost it 10 Ju 87s with one damaged beyond repair.Price 2010, p. 200. Total manpower losses for the unit amounted to 17 killed or mortally wounded, six wounded and five captured out of 56 men.Weal 1997, p. 81.
However, even though less powerful than traditional full-power cartridges, the external and terminal ballistics of an intermediate cartridge are still sufficient for an effective range of , which are the typical maximum engagement ranges for ordinary infantrymen in modern combat conditions. The introduction of intermediate cartridges allowed for the development of the assault rifle concept, which is a magazine-fed selective fire rifle lighter and more compact than the conventional battle rifles firing full-powered cartridges. The first intermediate cartridge was the German 7.92×33mm Kurz for the StG 44, the world's first assault rifle. Other examples include the Soviet 7.62×39mm used in the AK-47 and AKM series, the .
Some companies acquired included Canadian-based ParityPlus, Paris- based Softmart International, Munich-based Computer 2000 AG, Globelle Canada, UK-based Azlan Group PLC, Actebis AG Switzerland, Nordics-based IT distributor Scribona, Netherlands-based Triade Holding B.V., Specialist Distribution Group (SDG), and Signature Technology Group (STG). In 2013, Tech Data lost out in nearly 27 million euros in profit following an accounting error by their former financial comptroller. On August 25, 2015, Talkin' Cloud ranked Tech Data one of the world's top cloud service providers for the second consecutive year, naming Tech Data No. 24 on the annual list. In the second quarter of 2015, Tech Data posted record earnings, increasing net income by 22.4% and sales by 8%.
CETME rifle with bayonet The CETME (Centro de Estudios Tecnicos de Materiales Especiales) rifle was designed primarily by the German engineer Ludwig Vorgrimler, who based his design on the experimental German StG 45(M) and the French-made AME 49. The StG45 used a roller-delayed blowback mechanism somewhat similar to the roller-locking system patented by Edward Stecke in the 1930s in Poland and used in the MG 42. The MG42 locking system actually locks completely and requires a short-stroke barrel that travels backward to unlock, compared to the StG45(M) system that never completely locks and does not require a moving barrel. The CETME design inherits the StG45(M)'s fixed-barrel.
By May 1939 Gnyś had been posted to the 121st Eskadra Mysliwska (121st Fighter Escadrille) in the city of Kraków, equipped with obsolete PZL P.11c fighters. On 31 August the Squadron was assigned to operate with the III/2 Dywizjon (Group) and it relocated to a reserve airfield in Balice. In the early morning of 1 September 1939, Gnyś was woken by a German bombing raid on Kraków. At about 7 am (according to other sources, 5:30 am) Gnyś flew a sortie with Cpt , the Group Commander. Just after take off and at about 300 meters altitude the Polish fighters were suddenly attacked by a pair of German Ju 87B dive-bombers from I/StG 2 "Immelmann".
The Battle of Boulogne, Siege of Calais and Battle of Dunkirk were fought during the remainder of May. I. Gruppe fought actions in support of StG 76 over Dunkirk against RAF Fighter Command as it covered the evacuation; future fighter ace Emil Clade, who played a pivotal role in North Africa in 1942, claimed a 19 Squadron Supermarine Spitfire. Wilhelm Balthasar, commanding 1./JG 1 increased his total to 23 aerial victories and he became only the second fighter pilot to receive the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. The claim made by Clade was one of four made by I./JG 1 over Dunkirk, on 26 May, and the only claims made by the wing during the battle.
Hooton 2007 (Vol. 2), p. 43. Some of the German aircraft shot down were later recovered and put back into service. This allowed German propaganda to claim smaller combat losses. At dawn on 1 September, Capt. Mieczysław Medwecki flying a PZL P.11c was shot down by Rottenführer (Foreman Leader) Leutnant Frank Neubert of I./StG 2 (Stuka), having the dubious honour of becoming the first aircraft shot down in the Second World War. The first Allied air victory, the shooting down of a Junkers Ju 87, was achieved 20 minutes later by Medwecki's wingman, Władysław Gnyś, who went on to shoot down a pair of Dornier Do 17s with his P.11c.Liss 1970, p. 10.
Tulle High School takes the name of Edmond Perrier, in honor of zoologist Edmond Perrier, who died two years earlier and who was a student at the College of Tulle. From 1945 to today, the school had three fires, the most important in May 1967. Fortunately, the front of the school was never reached by the flames. The school now houses about 1100 students, divided in general education (S (hard sciences), ES (economics and social sciences), L(humanities)) and technology (STG (Management Sciences and Technologies)), as well as higher education courses: BTS CGO (Accounting and management organizations ) and NRC (Negotiation and Customer Relations) as well as scientific preparatory classes for Grandes écoles.
The German StG 44, the first assault rifle manufactured in significant numbers The Germans were the first to pioneer the assault rifle concept, during World War II, based upon research that showed that most firefights happen within 400 meters and that contemporary rifles were over-powered for most small arms combat. The Germans sought to develop a select-fire intermediate powered rifle combining the firepower of a submachine gun with the accuracy and range of a rifle. This was done by shortening the standard 7.92×57mm cartridge to 7.92×33mm and giving it a lighter 125-grain bullet, that limited range but allowed for more controllable automatic fire. The result was the Sturmgewehr 44.
Another Battle of No. 150 Squadron RAF was lost in another raid.Cull 1999, pp. 61–62. The German counter-air operations were spearheaded by Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG 26) under the command of Hans-Hugo Witt, which was responsible for 82 of the German claims in aerial combat between 11 and 13 May. Despite the apparent success of the German fighter units, the air battle was not one-sided. On the morning of 11 May ten Ju 87s of StG 2 were shot down attacking Belgian forces in the Namur–Dinant gap, despite the presence of two Jagdgeschwader—27 and 51. Nevertheless, the Germans reported a weakening in Allied air resistance in northern Belgium by 13 May.
245–247 The standard British rifle was the bolt action Lee–Enfield Rifle, No. 4 Mk I that outmatched the standard German rifle of the war, the Karabiner 98k; later German rifles included the Semi-automatic rifles Gewehr 41, Gewehr 43 and the first assault rifle, the StG 44.Suermondt (2004), pp.68–108 The British medical services had better staffing, equipment and medicines; it enabled the British Army to keep a higher proportion of troops in the field than its opponents.Mark Harrison, Medicine and Victory: British Military Medicine in the Second World War (2004) online In April 1940 a standardised system of markings for British vehicles was introduced to take account of the mass mechanisation of the army.
A defensive strategy based on the Maginot Line was an excellent way of demonstrating to Britain that France was not an aggressive power and would only go to war in the event of German aggression, a situation that would make it more likely that Britain would enter the war on France's side. The line was built in several phases from 1930 by the Service Technique du Génie (STG) overseen by Commission d'Organisation des Régions Fortifiées (CORF). The main construction was largely completed by 1939, at a cost of around 3 billion French francs. The line stretched from Switzerland to Luxembourg and a much lighter extension was extended to the Strait of Dover after 1934.
While the StG 44 had less range and power than the more powerful infantry rifles of the day, Army studies had shown that few combat engagements occurred at more than and the majority within . Full-power rifle cartridges were excessive for most uses for the average soldier. Only a trained specialist, such as a sniper, or soldiers equipped with machine guns, which fired multiple rounds at a known or suspected target, could make full use of the standard rifle round's range and power. The British were critical of the weapon, saying that the receiver could be bent and the bolt locked up by the mere act of knocking a leaning rifle onto a hard floor.
Later that night, a mine detonated in one of her paravanes, damaging the ship's hull. The explosion flooded three compartments with of water and Captain 2nd rank Peter Petunin ordered her to be anchored for the night lest she strike anymore mines; the ship reached Kronstadt the following day.Platonov, pp. 135–136; Rohwer, pp. 81–82, 94–95 On 30 August, Minsk was assigned to provide gunfire support to Soviet troops in the Kronstadt/Oranienbaum area together with the battleships Oktyabrskaya Revolutsiya and Marat, the heavy cruiser and the destroyers , , , and and the gunboat Volga. Junkers Ju 87 dive-bombers of StG 2 attacked the ships in Kronstadt harbor on 23 September.
Other technologies for syngas to liquid fuels synthesis include the Fischer-Tropsch process and the methanol to gasoline processes. Research conducted at Princeton University indicates that methanol to gasoline processes are consistently more cost-effective, both in capital cost and overall cost, than the Fischer-Tropsch process at small, medium and large scales.Richard C. Baliban, Josephine A. Elia, Vern Weekman, and Christodoulos A. Floudas "Process Synthesis of Hybrid Coal, Biomass, and Natural Gas to Liquids via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis, ZSM-5 Catalytic Conversion, Methanol Syntehsis, Methanol-to-Gasoline, and Methanol-to-Olefins/Distillate Technologies" in Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2012, Elsevier. Preliminary studies suggest that the STG+ process is more energetically efficient and the highest yielding methanol to gasoline process.
The primary difference between the Fischer-Tropsch process and methanol to gasoline processes such as STG+ are the catalysts used, product types and economics. Generally, the Fischer-Tropsch process favors unselective cobalt and iron catalysts, while methanol to gasoline technologies favor molecular size- and shape-selective zeolites.Eduardo Falabella Sousa-Aguiar, Fabio Bellot Noronha, and Arnaldo Faro, Jr. "The Main Catalytic Challenges in GTL (Gas-to-Liquids) Processes" in Catalysis Science & Technology, 2011, RSC. In terms of product types, Fischer-Tropsch production has been limited to linear paraffins, such as synthetic crude oil, whereas methanol to gasoline processes can produce aromatics, such as xylene and toluene, and naphthenes and iso- paraffins, such as drop-in gasoline and jet fuel.
Antonio limped into Portland Harbour with Flimson. Deucalion (1,796 GRT), Kolga (3,526 GRT) and Britsum (5,225 GRT) were sunk and SS Canadian Constructor, was damaged for no Luftwaffe loss. On 21 July 1940 Hitschhold was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and promoted to Major as Gruppenkommandeur of I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 "Immelmann". On 8 August Hitschhold was involved in a large series of battles over Convoy Peewit. In the late morning StG 2, 3 and 77 from Angers, Caen and St. Malo were escorted by Messerschmitt Bf 110s from V./LG 1, to attack the convoy south of the Isle of Wight, with about 30 Bf 109s from II. and III.
The roller-delayed blowback mechanism originated from the aborted StG 45(M) assault rifle prototypes developed in Nazi Germany at the end of World War II. The bolt rigidly engages the barrel extension—a cylindrical component welded to the receiver into which the barrel is pinned. The delay mechanism is of the same design as that used in the G3 rifle. The two-part bolt consists of a bolt head with rollers and a bolt carrier. The heavier bolt carrier lies up against the bolt head when the weapon is ready to fire and inclined planes on the front locking piece lie between the rollers and force them out into recesses in the barrel extension.
The , also known as the Brave Witches, who star in the Brave Witches anime series. ; : :Hikari is the central heroine of Brave Witches who comes from Sasebo in Fusou and strongly admires her sister, Takami. After Takami ends up in a coma after using up all of her magical energy, Hikari joins the 502nd Joint Fighter Wing to fight in her place with the rank of Sergeant, using her Striker Unit nicknamed Chidori, her weapons of choice are including a Type 99 cannon and a FP-45 Liberator. ; : :Gundula is the squadron leader of the Brave Witches, known as Karlsland's (and the world's) 3rd highest ranked ace with the rank of Captain. Her combat weapons can be a MG 42 machine gun or StG-44 assault rifle.
Conference and workshop organizers who prefer publication with the IFIP publisher can take advantage of the agreement between IFIP and Springer and publish their proceedings as part of IFIP's Advances in Information and Communication Technology (AICT) series , the Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) series or the Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing (LNBIP) series . IFIP Proceedings published by Springer in IFIP's AICT, LNCS, and LNBIP series are accessible within IFIP's Open Access Digital Library after an embargo period of three years. An important activity of the IFIP Technical Committees is to organise and sponsor high quality conferences and workshops in the field of ICT. Sponsoring is generally in the form of Best Paper Awards (BPA) and/or Student Travel Grants (STG).
In 1959, the center added 32 Canadian engineers put out of work by the cancellation of the Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow project. NASA's first administrator, T. Keith Glennan, realized that the growth of the US space program would cause the STG to outgrow the Langley and Goddard centers and require its own location. On January 1, 1961, he wrote a memo to his yet-unnamed successor (who turned out to be James E. Webb), recommending a new site be chosen. Later that year, when President John F. Kennedy set the goal to put a person on the Moon by the end of the decade, it became clear Gilruth would need a larger organization to lead the Apollo Program, with new test facilities and research laboratories.
The Soviet Fighter Aviation Regiment's 15 IAP, attached to the 8th Fighter Division [8 SAD], occupied the base. The Soviet pilots managed to get airborne but did not intercept the Bf 110s, but the Ju 87s of StG 2 and Bf 109s of II./JG 27 which were following up Richthofen's attack. The Soviet bomber regiments were active in the first days and on 29 June they caught and destroyed 10 ZG 26 Bf 110s and II./JG 27 Bf 109s on the ground at Vilnus airfield. Richthofen's own log book recorded 29 combat missions for II./ZG 26 in the first 14 days of July 1941 during the Battle of Smolensk, before it was moved to support Army Group North, under the command of Luftflotte 1.
At the new line collapsed and the 2nd KRRC was given the order "every man for himself", after which only B Company fought as a unit, not having received orders to retreat to the harbour. The occupants of the Citadel realised that the German artillery had ceased fire and found themselves surrounded around a French officer arrived, with news that Le Tellier had surrendered. During the day, the RAF flew near Calais, with six fighter losses from 17 Squadron, which attacked dive-bombers of StG 2, claimed three, a Dornier Do 17 and a Henschel Hs 126. Fleet Air Arm (FAA) Fairey Swordfish aircraft, bombed German troops near Calais and the escorts from 54 Squadron claimed three and a for the loss of three aircraft.
The first brain image of an individual with psychosis was completed as far back as 1935 using a technique called pneumoencephalography (a painful and now obsolete procedure where cerebrospinal fluid is drained from around the brain and replaced with air to allow the structure of the brain to show up more clearly on an X-ray picture). Both first episode psychosis, and high risk status is associated with reductions in grey matter volume (GMV). First episode psychotic and high risk populations are associated with similar but distinct abnormalities in GMV. Reductions in the right middle temporal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus (STG), right parahippocampus, right hippocampus, right middle frontal gyrus, and left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are observed in high risk populations.
Having used up all his ammunition, Hull returned to Bodø. In the space of about an hour, in a technologically-outdated aircraft and without assistance, he had destroyed four German planes and damaged a fifth. Hull, Falkson and Lydekker spent the night of 26/27 May 1940 patrolling the area around Rognan, about inland from Bodø. After driving German bombers away from British and Norwegian forces fighting at Pothus south of Rognan, the Gladiators strafed German ground forces. Around 08:00 on 27 May, Bodø was attacked by 11 Ju 87 "Stuka" dive bombers from I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 (StG 1 – Dive Bomber Wing 1) and three Messerschmitt Bf 110 fighters attached to I./Zerstörergeschwader 76 (ZG 76 – Destroyer Wing 76).
Functional neuroimaging studies have implicated multiple regions in OCD. Symptom provocation is associated with increased likelihood of activation in the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), right anterior PFC, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), left precuneus, right premotor cortex, left superior temporal gyrus (STG), bilateral external globus pallidus, left hippocampus, right insula, left caudate, right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and right superior parietal lobule. The medial portion of the orbitofrontal cortex connects with the paralimbic-limbic system, including the insular cortex, cingulate gryus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. This area is involved in encoding the representation of the value of an expected outcome, which is used to anticipate positive and negative consequences that are likely to follow a given action.
As the Ju 87s reached the coast, the respective groups split off and headed for their assigned targets. By this time, some 15 miles off the Isle of Wight, the Bf 109s had caught up and were now zigzagging around the dive-bombers. Bode led III./StG 77 to attack from the northwest, dead into wind in order to bomb accurately. Usually the Ju 87s attacked in line astern, but Bode chose to attack in groups of three to split the anti-aircraft fire. To keep the enemy's heads down, he fired his machine guns in an 80-degree dive. He soon left an altitude of 13,000 feet, releasing his bombs and pulling out at 2,275 feet. The rest of his unit followed.
The company, which was founded in 1931, was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 1960 and was a market leader in electronic component distribution, building products and special steels until the late 1980s. The electronic component distribution business (SEI Macro) was sold in 1999,SEI Macro sold to Avnet in £37.5m deal Electronics Weekly, 3 September 1999 the building products business (Robert Lee) was sold in 2000 and the special steels business (Henry Whitham) was sold in 2001.Diploma sells Henry Whitham for 11.1 mln stg AFX UK Focus, 20 March 2001 It was announced in August 2018 that CEO Richard Ingram will be stepping down after four months in charge, with John Nicholas acting as executive chairman in interim charge.
They sank the Dutch troopship . Costa Rica (8,085 tons), Santa Clara (13,320 tons) and Ulster Prince (3,800 tons) were also sunk.Smith 2011, p. 181. The Royal Navy destroyers and came to the aid of one another, only to be sunk by other German aircraft.Shores, Cull, Malizia 1987, pp. 300–301. Operations on the Greek mainland ceased on 30 April. StG 77 rested and planned for the next stage of the offensive against Crete. The Battle of Crete opened on 20 May. Ju 87s were ordered to attack defences, ports and airfields on the island. On 21–22 May, the Germans attempted to send in reinforcements to Crete by sea but lost 10 vessels to "Force D" under the command of Rear Admiral Irvine Glennie.
This was the only loss on 1 May. A Ju 87 rearmed. Waterlogged airfields posed practical problems for mechanics The next few missions on the afternoon of 1 May and 3 May, the Ju 87s had more success As allied forced contemplated withdrawal. The French large destroyer was sunk along with by I./StG 1 on 3 May 1940 during the evacuation from Namsos. Bisons forward magazine were hit killing 108 of the crew. Afridi, who had attempted to rescue Bisons survivors was sunk with the loss of 63 sailors. Three other ships were damaged by the group in attacks on convoys off the coast. The trawlers were later scuttled; St Goran (565 grt), HMS Aston Villa of the 15th Antisubmarine Striking Force, (546 grt), Gaul (550 grt).
The Bison served during the Norwegian Campaign in World War II. While evacuating Allied troops at Namsos, the ship came under German air attack and exploded after being struck in the forward magazine by a bomb, dropped by a Ju 87 from I./StG 1, killing 136 members of her crew and causing the ship to sink by the bow. came to the rescue of the surviving crew, rescuing sixty-nine of the French sailors in the water and sinking the hull of the ship. However, the Afridi soon came under air attack and sank as well, and among the dead were thirty-five of the surviving crew of the Bison. The surviving crew of the Bison, the Afridi, and the troops they evacuated were rescued by the and .
Two further attacks were made without result. Badly damaged, but with her main engines still intact, she steered for the now dubious haven of Malta. The attack lasted six minutes; killed 126 crew members and wounded 91. RAF Luqa was attacked on 18 January and one Ju 87 was shot down by fighters. On 19 January another two were lost over Malta bombing the aircraft carrier, with another damaged. On 5/6 February the HM Trawler Tourmaline was attacked. Force H shelled Genoa (Operation Grog), and so the group transferred to Sardinia on 9 February but did not succeed in finding the British ships. From there it was sent to Africa II./StG 1 claimed the last major success over Malta; the 26 February attack on Luqa destroyed most hangars, workshops and destroyed or damaged 17 to 19 aircraft.
The mission failed as the German Army delayed their advance allowing the Poles to carry out repairs and destroy all but one of the bridges before the Germans could reach them. A Ju 87 achieved the first air victory during World War II on the morning of 1 September 1939, when Rottenführer Leutnant Frank Neubert of I./StG 2 "Immelmann" shot down a Polish PZL P.11c fighter while it was taking off from Balice airfield; its pilot, Captain Mieczysław Medwecki, was killed. In air-to-air combat, Ju 87 formations were well protected by German fighter aircraft and losses were light against the tenacious, but short lived opposition. The Ju 87s reverted to ground attack missions for the campaign after the opening air attacks. Ju 87s were involved in the controversial but effective attacks at Wieluń.
Ju 87s from StG 77 destroyed five of the main bridges and damaged four more while Ju 88 bombers from Kampfgeschwader 3 (KG 3) inflicted heavy losses on retreating motorised and armoured columns. Although Timoshenko's forces successfully regrouped on 21 May, he ordered a withdrawal of Army Group Kotenko by the end of 22 May, while he prepared an attack for 23 May, to be orchestrated by the 9th and 57th Armies. Although the Red Army desperately attempted to fend off advancing Wehrmacht and launched local counterattacks to relieve several surrounded units, they generally failed. By the end of May 24, Soviet forces opposite Kharkov had been surrounded by German formations, which had been able to transfer several more divisions to the front, increasing the pressure on the Soviet flanks and finally forcing them to collapse.
At the outbreak of World War II, the majority of German soldiers carried either Karabiner 98k rifles or MP 40s, both of which were regarded as the standard weapons of choice for an infantryman. However, later confrontations with Soviet troops such as the Battle of Stalingrad, where entire enemy units were armed with PPSh-41 submachine guns, the Germans found themselves out-gunned in short range urban combat which caused a shift in their tactics, and by the end of the war the MP 40 and its derivatives were being issued to entire assault platoons on a limited basis. Starting in 1943, the German military moved to replace both the Karabiner 98k rifle and MP 40 with the new, revolutionary StG 44. By the end of World War II in 1945, an estimated 1.1 million MP 40s had been produced of all variants.
The advantage of the general purpose machine gun concept was that it added greatly to the overall volume of fire that could be put out by a squad-sized unit.Hogg, Ian V., & Weeks, John. Military Small-Arms of the 20th century (London: Arms & Armour Press, 1977), p.183, "US Rifle, Caliber .30in ('Garand'), M1-M1E9, MiC, M1D, T26". They did experiments with semi-automatic rifles throughout the war and fielded the Gewehr 43/Karabiner 43 series of which 402,713 were built, and introduced the first assault rifle in 1943 – the MP43 / MP44 / StG 44 series, of which 425,977 were built. Due to the relatively limited production of semi-automatic and assault rifles, the Karabiner 98k remained the primary service weapon until the last days of the war, and was manufactured until the surrender in May 1945.
A schematic of the Heckler & Koch roller-delayed blowback mechanism The G41's engineering origins lay in the 7.92×33mm Kurz StG 45(M) assault rifle, and later the commercially successful 7.62×51mm NATO G3 battle rifle and its 5.56×45mm NATO G33 derivative. It is a selective fire automatic weapon that employs a roller- delayed blowback system of operation relying on geometrical transmission ratio relationships between parts. The two-piece bolt mechanism consists of a bolt head that contains two cylindrical locking rollers and a wedge-shaped locking piece, attached to a heavy bolt head carrier. Based on the geometric relationship arising from the angles of the roller contact surfaces of the wedge-shaped locking piece locking piece and the barrel extension recesses, the rearward motion of the bolt head is delayed by a predetermined ratio.
Following the end of the Second World War, the Italian Armed Forces were equipped with weapons donated and/or sold to them by the United States of America, such as the M1 Garand, as their main service rifle. However, as there were other militaries beginning to develop assault rifles and modern battle rifles, both with larger magazine capacities and increased volumes of fire, the Italians naturally pushed for a more modern service weapon. The M1 Carbine was well-liked among various Italian military circles and the development of the German StG-44 assault rifle chambered in the intermediate 7.92x33mm Kurz cartridge had already given several militaries notice. The Italians decided to design a select-fire weapon chambered in the American .30 Carbine round, being close enough to an intermediate cartridge and easier to acquire than others at the time.
This argument, however, was refuted by Bonvicini (1905), who measured the hearing of an auditory agnosia patient with tuning forks, and confirmed intact pure tone perception. Similarly, Barrett's aphasic patient, who was incapable of comprehending speech, had intact hearing thresholds when examined with tuning forks and with a Galton whistle. The most adverse opponent to the model of Wernicke and Lichtheim was Marie (1906), who argued that all aphasic symptoms manifest because of a single lesion to the language reception center, and that other symptoms such as auditory disturbances or paraphasia are expressed because the lesion encompasses also sub-cortical motor or sensory regions. In the following years, increasing number of clinical reports validated the view that the right and left auditory cortices project to a language reception center located in the posterior half of the left STG, and thus established the Wernicke-Lichtheim model.
Intimately supported by Combat Engineers, Construction Engineers and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technicians to make up Combat Team (CT) Spear, the STG was the fundamental enabler for the protected reconstruction effort. The Combat Team conducted five major operations during its deployment, effectively expanding the ISAF and ANSF's permanent influence in the Chora Valley and into the Baluchi Pass. The Combat Team sustained casualties early in the deployment with Trooper David 'Poppy' Pearce being killed by an IED in the Dorufshan and Sergeant Michael Lyddiard being seriously wounded whilst defusing an IED in the Chora Valley. The Combat Team was able to take the fight to the enemy during several engagements, most notably in the Sorkh Morghab region where all elements of the Combat Team engaged the enemy over several days allowing the construction of a patrol base and the Afghan Army to move into an area previously considered a Taliban stronghold.
Gradually, military doctrine placed less emphasis on individual marksmanship, as a large volume of fire was deemed more important - during World War II, American ground forces fired approximately 25,000 rounds for each enemy killed. In the Korean War, this was raised to 50,000, and in the Vietnam War it was 200,000. The first fully automatic rifle to see widespread usage was the German StG 44, which was well liked by troops, as the 30-round, selective fire rifle gave them much more flexibility than their service rifle, the bolt action Karabiner 98k. Ultimately, automatic rifles would become standard in military usage, as their firepower was superior to that of a semi-automatic rifle, but both semi-automatics and even bolt actions are still used worldwide in military service in specific roles, such as designated marksman rifles where the greater accuracy compared to automatics is valued.
ZG 76 fought in the Battles of Narvik to counter the threat from RAF fighter units operating from Bardufoss Airport. The aerial battles were complicated for ZG 76 by the introduction of the Bf 110D-0 "daschund" belly which provided the aircraft with a 30-minute increase in endurance but at the cost of further reductions in manoevrability in an already unmanoevrable aircraft in combat nimble single-seat fighters. The wing supported I./StG 1 and its bombing offensive against Bodø, which damaged much of the town. Among the final known air combats over Norway during the campaign involved Lent. Flight Lieutenant Caesar Hull was shot down by Lent on 27 May and on the 2 June No. 263 Squadron, aircraft serial number N5893 piloted by Pilot Officer J.L. Wilkie were downed. I./ZG 76 remained in Norway with Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) for air defence after the campaign.
Auditory attention in regards to the cocktail party effect primarily occurs in the left hemisphere of the superior temporal gyrus (where the primary auditory cortex is); a fronto-parietal network involving the inferior frontal gyrus, superior parietal sulcus, and intraparietal sulcus also accounts for the acts of attention-shifting, speech processing, and attention control. Both the target stream (the more important information being attended to) and competing/interfering streams are processed in the same pathway within the left hemisphere, but fMRI scans show that target streams are treated with more attention than competing streams. Furthermore, we see that activity in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) toward the target stream is decreased/interfered with when competing stimuli streams (that typically hold significant value) arise. The "cocktail party effect" - the ability to detect significant stimuli in multitalker situations - has also been labeled the "cocktail party problem" because our ability to selectively attend simultaneously interferes with the effectiveness of attention at a neurological level.
Hesselyn joined the New Zealand Territorial Force in 1939, transferring to the Royal New Zealand Air Force the following year. After training, he was posted to Britain in September 1941, joining first No. 61 Operational Training Unit (OTU), then No. 234 Squadron RAF as a flight sergeant. In February 1942, Hesselyn was posted to Malta, flying a Spitfire Mk V from the deck of the aircraft carrier , to the island and joining No. 249 Squadron RAF on 9 March 1942. On April Fools' Day 1942, Hesselyn recorded his first two kills, a Bf 109 of JG 53 and a Ju 87 of StG 3. Later that month, he shot down another Bf 109 and Ju 87, and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal (DFM). The citation for the award, promulgated in a supplement to the London Gazette on 22 May 1942, read: May proved to be just as productive, with Hesselyn claiming four 109s and a Ju 88 of KGruppe 806 over a four-day period.
Enrique Díaz Rato, then CEO of Cintra, was appointed to head the Toll Roads & Car Parks Division.Ferrovial Management Changes At the end of the year BAA finalised the sale of its stakes in 6 Australian airports to Hastings Fund Management Limited for approx. €495m.BAA completes sale of Australian assets In 2008, BAA sold World Duty Free Europe (WDF) to Autogrill for £546.6m,BAA sells World Duty Free shops 33 properties of Airport Property Partnership (APP) to Arora Family Trust, a private group, for £265mFerrovial's BAA agrees to partial sale of APP assets for 265 mln stg and Belfast City Airport Limited to ABN Amro Global Infrastructure Fund / Faros Infrastructure Partners LLC for £132.5m.Ferrovial sells Belfast In 2009, Ferrovial subsidiary Amey and the UK's Birmingham City Council announced financial close on the £2.7bn Birmingham Highways private finance initiative (PFI) schemeAmey reaches financial close on £2.7bn Birmingham Highways PFI and Cintra completed the sale of its 99.92% stake in subsidiary Cintra Aparcamientos, S.A. to a consortium for €451m, including bank debt.
The analyses and transformations performed in this compiler stage include demand analysis (a generalization of strictness analysis), application of user-defined rewrite rules (including a set of rules included in GHC's standard libraries that performs foldr/build fusion), unfolding (called "inlining" in more traditional compilers), let-floating, an analysis that determines which function arguments can be unboxed, constructed product result analysis, specialization of overloaded functions, as well as a set of simpler local transformations such as constant folding and beta reduction. The back end of the compiler transforms Core code into an internal representation of C--, via an intermediate language STG (short for "Spineless Tagless G-machine"). The C-- code can then take one of three routes: it is either printed as C code for compilation with GCC, converted directly into native machine code (the traditional "code generation" phase), or converted to LLVM virtual machine code for compilation with LLVM. In all three cases, the resultant native code is finally linked against the GHC runtime system to produce an executable.
The Allied forces dug in around the port, beginning the Siege of Tobruk. 6 and 73 Squadrons were left in the perimeter of Tobruk, while other Commonwealth units retreated into Egypt. British bomber forces continued long- range support operations; No. 55 Squadron RAF lost a bomber to III./ZG 26 in the process on 8 April. ZG 26 lost two more aircraft and one pilot filled the following day for a single claim, in action with 73 squadron, while a 6 Squadron Hurricane was claimed on 11 April. On 14 April, 70 German aircraft along with support from 18 and 155 Gruppo, Regia Aeronautica, attacked Tobruk. 73 squadron lost one pilot killed against III./ZG 26, but three III./StG 1 crews were shot down and captured. A further attack triggered a battle with 3 RAAF; German records confirm the loss of one ZG 26 crew. ZG 26 were able to account for a No. 45 Squadron RAF Blenheim before Bf 109s from I./JG 27 arrived to carry the burden of fighter operations.
12 August 1942: Indomitable on fire after being bombed. is screening the carrier. In July, Indomitable returned to the United Kingdom. She was soon back in action, participating in Operation Pedestal, the largest convoy to supply the besieged island of Malta. This convoy comprised 14 cargo ships and an unprecedentedly large escort of warships: , , , Indomitable, , , , , , , , and 32 destroyers. One objective was for to launch her Spitfires to land at Malta, where they would remain; this was done on 11 August, and Furious returned to Gibraltar. During the operation Indomitable was hit by two 500 kg bombs (by Ju 87s belonging to StG 3) and suffered three near misses; a 500 kg bomb penetrated the unarmoured portion of the flight deck, causing damage that required her to withdraw for repairs, although she was able to steam at fewer than two hours after the hits.Friedman, British Carrier Aviation, p151This attack was filmed and can be viewed at the five minute mark of the documentary Malta Convoy listed in the external links section of this article.
It was possible for operating crews to lay down a non-stop barrage of fire, pausing only when the barrel had to be replaced. This allowed the MG 42 to tie up significantly larger numbers of enemy troops. The Americans and the British trained their troops to take cover from the fire of an MG 42, and assault the position during the small time window of barrel replacement, which took around 4 to 7 seconds (estimated). The German military kept issuing Karabiner 98k bolt-action rifles and did experiment with semi-automatic rifles throughout World War II. They fielded the Gewehr 41 series of which fewer than 150,000 were built, and the Gewehr 43/Karabiner 43 series of which 402,713 were built. They also introduced their first assault rifle in 1943 – the MP43 / MP44 / StG 44 series, producing 425,977 of these. But the Karabiner 98k was made in far greater numbers - over 14,600,000 - and due to the relatively limited production of the semi- automatic and assault rifles, the bolt-action Karabiner remained the primary service weapon until the last days of World War II, and was manufactured until the surrender in May 1945.
In more recent research, subcortical regions (those lying below the cerebral cortex such as the putamen and the caudate nucleus), as well as the pre-motor areas (BA 6), have received increased attention. It is now generally assumed that the following structures of the cerebral cortex near the primary and secondary auditory cortices play a fundamental role in speech processing: · Superior temporal gyrus (STG): morphosyntactic processing (anterior section), integration of syntactic and semantic information (posterior section) · Inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, Brodmann area (BA) 45/47): syntactic processing, working memory · Inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, BA 44): syntactic processing, working memory · Middle temporal gyrus (MTG): lexical semantic processing · Angular gyrus (AG): semantic processes (posterior temporal cortex) The left hemisphere is usually dominant in right-handed people, although bilateral activations are not uncommon in the area of syntactic processing. It is now accepted that the right hemisphere plays an important role in the processing of suprasegmental acoustic features like prosody; which is “the rhythmic and melodic variations in speech”. There are two types of prosodic information: emotional prosody (right hemisphere), which is the emotional that the speaker gives to the speech, and linguistic prosody (left hemisphere), the syntactic and thematic structure of the speech.
The division then, after crossing the river, turned towards the French port Le Havre, capturing it in conjunction with the 51st (Highland) Division while sustaining light casualties in a set-piece assault. StG-44 and other various captured German weapons during an inspection of the 3rd Division positions, 26 January 1945. The 49th Division was then temporarily grounded, due to a shortage of supplies such as fuel and transport, with priority being given to XII and XXX Corps, now commanded by Lieutenant General Brian Horrocks, in their pursuit of the retreating German armies into Belgium and for Operation Market Garden. On 21 September the division concentrated in Belgium and liberated Turnhout after crossing the Antwerp-Turnhout Canal. It was during this period that Corporal John Harper of the Hallamshire Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment, of the 146th Brigade, was posthumously awarded the division's first and only VC of the war. The division then spent the next three weeks on the defensive, before capturing the Dutch town of Roosendaal on 30 October, after ten days of hard fighting. By the month's end the division was at Willemstad. Field Marshal B. L. Montgomery poses for a group photograph with his staff, corps and divisional commanders at Walbeck, Germany, 22 March 1945.
The Luftwaffe used the lull after PQ 17 to assemble a force of 35 Junkers Ju 88 A-4 dive-bombers of Kampfgeschwader 30 (KG 30) at Banak and 42 torpedo-bombers of Kampfgeschwader 26 (KG 26) (I/KG 26 [Major Werner Klümper] with 28 Heinkel He 111 H-6s and III/KG 26 with 14 Ju 88A-4s) at Bardufoss (Fliegerführer Lofoten Colonel August Roth) and Banak, with I StG 5 (Ju 87) at Kirkenes (Fliegerführer Nordost, Colonel Alexander Holle). The reconnaissance aircraft of Luftflotte 5 (Generaloberst Hans-Jürgen Stumpff) comprised I/Seefernaufklärungsgruppe 406 (He 115) at Tromsø, I/Seefernaufklärungsgruppe 906 (BV 138) at Stavanger, I KG 40 (Fw 200) at Trondheim, I (F)/22 and I (F)/124 (Ju 88) divided between Bardufoss, Banak and Kirkenes and Wettererkundungstaffel 6 (Weste 6) at Banak. After analysing the results of anti-shipping operations against PQ 17, in which the crews of Luftflotte 5 made exaggerated claims of ships sunk, including a cruiser, the anti-shipping units devised a new tactic called Goldene Zange (Golden Comb). Ju 88 bombers were to divert the defenders with medium and dive bombing attacks as the torpedo-bombers approached out of the twilight, flying in line abreast at wave-top height to evade radar, the convoy being silhouetted against the lighter sky, then dropping their torpedoes at the same time.

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