Submarine cables are fiber-optic lines that are wrapped in armored sheathing and laid on the ocean seabed.
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Twice, however, isn't just an online company sheathing an everyday product in nice branding and premium product speak.
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Pita sheathing a supple yellow omelet, laced with salt and crunchy za'atar and adorned with a stalk of raw scallion.
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The tin tiles would become a signature element in her work, sheathing the sculptures and adorning the frames of her assemblages.
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In another work, "In Flight Flock/Sheathing 0670LM," (2013-14), Mr. Lyght pares this architectural cat's cradle down to its minimal essence.
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I'd forgotten a change of clothes, so ended up taking my glittery moist socks off and sheathing my newborn's legs with them.
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Over the next two days, our work crew replaces rotten boards on the roof and lays down sheathing in preparation for the shingles.
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Father and son plucked dried corn kernels from their brown sheathing, tossing unusable white kernels to a starving pig that survived the storm.
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The project is "skinned"- as in made to look like an exact replica of a female emperor Scorpion with artistically placed and sculpted metal sheathing.
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The master has unpainted wood wall-sheathing and a plaster fireplace, as well as two closets, while the en-suite bathroom has a jetted tub.
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The Stella does look a little different than the power cord Apple includes with its MacBooks; trading a thick rubber sheathing for a braided nylon shell.
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Yet, by sheathing her photographs in a little mystery, Silva also prods our curiosity: Good Boy 0372, beyond a striking photobook, is an unexpected entryway into education.
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The hull is pretty much intact up to the water line, thanks to the copper sheathing protecting the timber, high-resolution footage taken by the ROV shows.
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The ceremony of katana battles seems to be evidenced in the animations too, with the protagonist actually shaking an enemy's blood off his blade before sheathing it.
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The Pro Gaming cord is also being changed from braided to a more flexible plastic sheathing, which is something gamers had been asking for, according to Logitech.
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Squirrels have long enjoyed chewing through the sheathing surrounding fiber optic and power cables, often resulting in broadband and power outages in states from Vermont to Virginia.
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To the rear of the building, the cladding fans outward, sheathing a much larger ground-floor space, which contains the main theater of the Pacific Film Archive.
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Starchy high collars, chaste necklines, slender arm-sheathing sleeves, virginal capelets and cascading ruffles suggested that even for some stubbornly progressive brides, this year prim is in.
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"Marine life is prevalent on the wreck, except on the copper sheathing which still retains its antifouling ability to keep the hull free of marine organism," NOAA said.
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It is foolish to design a plan intended to blunt their critique, since there is no possibility of them sheathing their rhetorical swords whatever the substance of the matter.
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The enormous spadix, or central spike, on the biggest of the three plants riveted passersby on Wednesday with its ashy maroon color and the glossy green leaf sheathing the base.
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Many say the rodents are simply using the casing to keep their teeth sharp, though others wonder if there's something in the plastic sheathing itself that squirrels find irresistibly delicious.
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He began by tightly sheathing the gallery's row of cast-iron columns in plywood painted differently on each side: red, yellow or blue, or the signature black-and-white stripes.
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Mr. Roche, 210, found a generic version on Alibaba, the Chinese online marketplace and customized it for a design-forward buyer by sheathing it in a gray cotton duvet cover.
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She explained that her shawl had been her shield, sheathing her body, and that the last thing she wanted to do was to look the men in the eye and smile.
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Mr. Whitaker, carrying out quality control on the lead sheathing of the pipes, mastered spectroscopy, which is used to analyze metals on Earth and to study radiation from stars and galaxies.
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Through the careful re-sheathing of the building's interior, its pristine walls were modified to look long-abandoned and decrepit, with signs of furious chemical experimentation alluding to a morbid history.
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With excellent weather conditions above them, the divers managed to recover an "orphaned" right arm of a bronze statue, pottery shards, nails, lead sheathing fragments, and an odd metal disc, among other artifacts.
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I rewrap his head in the plastic sheathing, replace the rubber bands, and hand him over, thanking them all with a slight nod, trying to stay in keeping with the solemnity of things.
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As chief operating officer of Facebook and author of "Lean In," she encouraged women to belly up to the table, to know their worth, to march into negotiations with smiles on their faces and steel sheathing their nerves and eyes implacably trained on the C-suite.
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There were also dramatic drops that coincided with the Antonine plague of 165-53 A.D., thought to have been small pox, and the Cyprian plague, cause uncertain, of 250-270 A.D. Lead was widely used in the Roman economy for making water pipes and sheathing the hulls of boats.
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HISTORICALLY, CONSERVATIVE dressing is most frequently associated with religious adherence, which makes the most recent, trendier iteration of the phenomenon especially surprising — considering the kind of woman who is newly sheathing herself in long, baggy silhouettes is often the type of liberal nonbeliever who'd be the first to eschew any traditional strictures on her choices, sartorial or otherwise.
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The frame building was about by in plan on a concrete and brick foundation. Windows were confined to the ends of the building, as are doors. The original "triple sheathing" was covered by asphalt shingles. The triple sheathing system consisted of wood weatherboards over diagonal wood sheathing on wood studs with straw insulation, and an interior sheathing of horizontal beaded tongue and groove boards.
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Its hull had copper sheathing over timber beneath the waterline, but that timber simply served to separate the iron hull from the copper sheathing so as to prevent electrolytic corrosion.Lyon (1980), pp. 35–36.
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Its hull had copper sheathing over timber beneath the waterline, but that timber simply served to separate the iron hull from the copper sheathing so as to prevent electrolytic corrosion.Lyon (1980), pp. 35–36.
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Its hull had copper sheathing over timber beneath the waterline, but that timber simply served to separate the iron hull from the copper sheathing so as to prevent electrolytic corrosion.Lyon (1980), pp. 35–36.
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Copper Sheathing Retrieved 2 April 2012 Not only did copper sheathing help ships sail faster by keeping their hulls clean, but it also drastically increased the amount of time a ship could remain in service between overhauls. In fact, “British Navy Comptroller Charles Middleton estimated that copper sheathing might double the number of ships at sea at any time”.Martello, Robert 2010. Midnight Ride, Industrial Dawn.
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It provides extra sheathing for the bulbous bow and the propellers to reduce drag.
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The hexagonal watch room and lantern has a wooden structure. The focal plane of the lantern is above its base and above mean sea level. The tower was covered with wooden sheathing, which was later covered with sheet metal. This sheathing has been removed.
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A truss roof with tongue and groove sheathing. The gap in the sheathing at the ridge is the space designed to allow natural ventilation. Pre-manufactured roof trusses come in a wide variety of styles. They are designed by the manufacturer for each specific building.
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However, weed grew rapidly and slowed ships. Lead sheathing, while more effective than wood in mitigating these problems, reacted badly with the iron bolts of the ships.McKee, A. in Bass (ed.) 1972, p.235 Even older than the sheathing methods were the various graving and paying techniques.
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Other soldiers are already sheathing their swords. The rocky outcrop in the background is the Tarpeian Rock.
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The exterior facade is plain without marble sheathing; the interior, however, is highly decorated in a baroque style.
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The leaves are alternate, with an entire margin, without any footstalk, and sheathing the stem at the base.
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Later ships were designed with this in mind. The Admiralty had largely suspended the programme of fitting ships with copper sheathing after the 1763 report, and had not shown any further interest in developing effective copper sheathing until 1775.History of HMS Pallas and her class In the meantime the copper sheathing was removed from Alarm, and several other test vessels until an effective solution to the corrosion problem could be developed. Later in her career she was commanded by a young John Jervis, from 1769 onwards.
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The leaves are light brown or reddish sheathing bracts. It blooms between October and March producing brown flowers. Each stiff, erect, spike-like and sparingly branched inflorescence has a length of and has a much shorter sheathing bract underneath. The red-brown coloured spikelets have a length of and contain one or two flowers.
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Late Roman ridge helmet (Berkasovo-type), found at Deurne, Netherlands. It is covered in silver-gilt sheathing and is inscribed to a cavalryman of the equites stablesiani. The majority of examples excavated to date, have evidence of either decorative silvering of the iron, or are covered by costly silver or silver-gilt sheathing; a job entrusted to men called barbaricariiCodex Theodosianus 10.22.I (11 March 374) The amount of silver and gold used in the sheathing was officially graded by rank and was sometimes inscribed on the helmet.
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Iron-hard baulks of it, along with a few copper rivets, washers and sheathing, is all that remains of the ship.
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An Open Crate is one that (typically) uses lumber for sheathing. The sheathing is typically gapped by at various distances. There is no strict definition of an open crate as compared to a closed crate. Typically when the gap between boards is greater than the distance required for expansion, the crate would be considered an open crate.
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Fouling of ships' hulls by marine life had been a problem since the dawn of shipbuilding. Until the middle of the nineteenth century ships' bottoms had been sheathed with copper sheeting, which prevented fouling but was expensive. Sheathing with zinc plate or with Muntz metal was used thereafter, as it was cheaper. For the Swiftsure class, however, a reversion was made to copper sheathing, as in the Pacific there were no docking facilities whatsoever - until the completion of the dockyard at Esquimalt in 1886 - and the sheathing applied on commissioning had to serve for the whole commission.
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The gap between boards would typically not be greater than the width of the sheathing boards. When the gap is larger, the boards are often considered 'cleats' rather than sheathing thus rendering the crate unsheathed. An unsheathed crate is a frame crate. A Frame Crate is one that only contains a skeletal structure and no material is added for surface or pilferage protection.
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The walls are wainscoted, and the ceiling is made of boxed beams and wood sheathing. Foliated stencilwork lines the sheathing, while the beams have a multicolored stencilwork pattern on their bottoms. The angled portions of the ceiling are also decorated with foliate stencils. Windows on the building sides have colored sections, and the buildings sole interior light source is a kerosene chandelier.
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The exterior walls consist of girts attached horizontally to the post with the exterior sheathing attached to them. Exterior walls may be finished with corrugated metal, plywood sheathing, vinyl siding, or other cladding. Roof materials are generally corrugated metal but may be finished using any typical roofing product. Depending on the function of the barn, there can be slight differences in style.
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The wood sheathing had to be replaced from time to time.Kytle, Elizabeth. Home on the Canal, P 71-72. Originally kyanized wood was used.
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The schoolhouse is an L-spaped single story wood frame structure, built in 1852. The original structure measured , with a addition added at an unknown date. The building is distinguished from other district schoolhouses of the period by an interior arched ceiling, which was originally plastered, but is now covered with wood sheathing. Original pine sheathing is used on the interior walls to a height of .
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109 Merchant ship owners were attracted by the savings made possible by copper sheathing, despite the initial outlay. As the coppering was expensive, only the better owners tended to invest in the method, and as a result the use of copper sheathing tended to indicate a well- found and maintained ship, which led to Lloyd's of London charging lower insurance premiums, as the vessels were better risks. From this stems the phrase "copper-bottomed" as an indication of quality, Coppering was more commonly used on merchant ships sailing in warm waters. Ships sailing in colder, northern waters often continued to use replaceable, wooden sheathing planks.
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The ruler of Mysore, Tipu Sultan ordered that all his navy vessels have copper sheathing after observing the benefits in French and East India Company ships.
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At least three types of brass bangles, which were associated with burials, and two types of blades, which some have preserve fragments of sheathing or matting.
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Some New England barns have an indoor silo. These barns are easier to add on to by adding more bays. The New England barn almost always has a gable roof, but a gambrel roof form may be found on some New England barns. Sometimes the New England barn is framed with studs in the walls and horizontal sheathing boards instead of the more common rails with vertical sheathing.
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Bethune-Powell Buildings are two historic commercial buildings located at Clinton, Sampson County, North Carolina. They were built in 1902, and are two- story, brick buildings with decorative pressed metal sheathing and brick cornices on the front facade. The Bethune Building is six bays wide and the Powell Building three bays wide. The pressed metal sheathing features a robust pattern of colonnaded, arched garland friezes, and modillion cornice.
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If removal of the sheathing results in no way of fastening the lumber around the edges of the container, the container would likely be termed a wooden box.
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Westward Ho! had long, very sharp ends, with concave lines. Her frame was of white oak, and planking of hard pine. She was copper fastened, with yellow metal sheathing.
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The bottoms of the diagonals tend to protrude below the sheathing. The Brown truss is noted for economy of materials as it can be built with very little metal.
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Steel and wood were used to complement each other and give rigidity to the body by strengthening the frame. However, the side paneling of the car remained wood. But as an added fireproofing measure, the wood siding would be encased in a layer of copper sheathing that ran halfway up the side of the car. Because of the Composites' copper sheathing, IRT crews and shop personnel coined the nickname for the cars: Copper Sides.
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The metal sheathing of , made from the copper alloy 400px Copper sheathing is the practice of protecting the under-water hull of a ship or boat from the corrosive effects of salt water and biofouling through the use of copper plates affixed to the outside of the hull. It was pioneered and developed by the Royal Navy during the 18th century. In antiquity, ancient Greeks used lead plates to protect the under-water hull.
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Carvel planked in teak and pitch pine on oak frames, with alternate wrought iron strap floor reinforcement, bronze fastenings, lead keel and copper sheathing, the Amazons hull is still largely original.
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Her bow was strengthened by 4-inch (10.2-cm) oak sheathing covered by 1-inch (2.54-cm) iron plates. In addition, cotton bales were compressed between double pine bulkheads for added strength.
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She was carrying 520 casks, and fins. In 1825 Emma received repairs to her copper sheathing.Register of Shipping (1826), Seq. №E588. Lloyd's Register carried a notation that Emmas teak sheathing was badly wormed.
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Built with native Texas limestone and wood and copper sheathing, this structure serves as the gateway to the gardens. The Scott K. Ginsburg Family Plaza and Junkins Fountain is located at the entrance.
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Triaxial cable or triax is coaxial cable with a third layer of shielding, insulation and sheathing. The outer shield, which is earthed (grounded), protects the inner shield from electromagnetic interference from outside sources.
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In the UK the CPC is uninsulated (bare) and of reduced diameter compared to the main cores. Green and yellow sleeving, which is sold separately, is required to be used to cover the exposed ends. There is an overall sheath of grey PVC (BS 6004), or white for low smoke compound (BS 7211), although prior to 2005 white sheathing was also available in PVC. Core and sheathing colours may be throughout the thickness of the material, or only on the surface.
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The modern version of plywood was invented in the US in 1905 in Portland, Oregon. In 1913, the Fraser Mills in New Westminster, British Columbia, produced the first Canadian plywood, primarily from Douglas fir. This new material eventually found use in a wide variety of structures, including auto running boards, panelling, sub-floors, roof sheathing, wall sheathing, shipping crates and, during World War II, the manufacturing of aircraft and small ships. The pulp and paper industry also developed during these years.
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The material, was much less durable than initial tests indicated. The sheathing on the Rostone House began to fail approximately ten years after it was installed; the house was reclad with Permastone in 1950.
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The first floor fireplace has a stucco surround with carvings of large birds, and birds are also painted on the windows. Finishes of fiberboard sheathing, simple moldings, beamed ceilings and built-in cabinetry are original.
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The vault roofs, which are visible to approaching visitors, were covered with lead sheathing inspired by the lead covering of the complexly curved roofs of the Doge's Palace and St. Mark's Basilica in Venice, Italy.
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Hy-Rib products came in steel sheathing forms that could be bent, cut and connected together to make various size floors, walls, and ceilings. They were designed with the idea to reduce weight as compared to wood structures of the same building size. The steel forms of sheathing were stiffened by rigid high ribs and a complete unit was made with a single sheet of steel. This technique increased floor space because it cut down on center posts that were normally used in wood structured buildings.
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Glabrous, much-branched, perennial herb, arising from branched, annular, tuberous rootstock up to 2 cm thick, with crown surrounded by fibrous, remnant, sheathing bases of petioles. Height 30–100 cm. Basal leaves numerous, petioles flattened with ovate sheaths, 2 - 6.5 cm in length; leaf-blades oblong-ovate to broad-ovate, up to 35 x 18 cm (usually smaller), bi- to tripinnatifid, pinnae 3 - 4 pairs, petiolulate, terminal lobes lanceolate, 3-lobed at apex. Upper leaves simplified with sheathing petioles, reduced upwards, often absent, leading to aphyllous branching.
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As development began on the nail, there were three major causes of failure to be overcome. These were having the nail — head and all — rip through the sheathing, having the entire nail pull out of the frame, and having the nail's midsection snap under stress. Early research showed that the larger the head, the less chance there was of the nail being ripped through the sheathing. However, the difficult task was increasing the nail's head while still making it compatible with popular nail gun models.
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Parkes, p.235 Her design top speed was 13 knots (24 km/h), but her best actual speed was 12.25 knots (23 km/h). To reduce fouling, she had zinc and wood sheathing on her hull.
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Disa ferruginea is a stout, reed-like terrestrial 200–450 mm tall. Radical leaves linear, developing after flowering; cauline leaves dry, sheathing. Inflorescence dense, 1–40 flowered. Flowers bright red to orange, often with some parts yellow.
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It retains a number of important elements characteristic of potato house including: multiple sheathing, gable end orientation, interior chimney, and closely fitting window hatches. and ' It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
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Above an ivory-tinted altar, a mosaic depicts St. Michael the Archangel, sheathing his sword, flanked by a pair of doves of peace holding olive twigs. Mosaic shields display the colors of the United States and France.
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Spray foam is a type of insulation that is sprayed in place through a gun. Polyurethane and isocyanate foams are applied as a two- component mixture that comes together at the tip of a gun, and forms an expanding foam. Cementitious foam is applied in a similar manner but does not expand. Spray foam insulation is sprayed onto concrete slabs, into wall cavities of an unfinished wall, against the interior side of sheathing, or through holes drilled in sheathing or drywall into the wall cavity of a finished wall.
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As of 2011, the mill still has not opened. But the company has said it still intends to reopen the 130-worker Clarke County mill, which can make more than 700 million square feet a year of OSB at full capacity. In 2004, the company began producing LP FlameBlock Fire-Rated OSB Sheathing, an ICC certified (ESR-1365), PS2-rated structural sheathing with a Class A Flame Spread Rating. According to the ICC Evaluation Service (ICC-ES), it provides extended burn-through resistance, delivering a 15-minute thermal barrier (ASTM E119).
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If the floor were required to carry heavy loads the Hy- Rib sheathing material could be bent into an arch to provide additional strength and then wet cement could poured as usual on top to make a floor.
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Some building codes address mitigation measures. For example, the Florida Building Code, specifies the type of nail used to secure roof sheathing. The specification was determined by scientific research conducted by Florida International University's International Hurricane Research Center.
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The building was designed by architects Ottenheimer, Stern & Reichert of Chicago.Economist 27 Feb. 1909: 410. It features the first known use of glazed terra cotta in Arizona as its exterior sheathing; the terra cotta was produced in Chicago.
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A slender palm, Coccothrinax jimenezii can grow to be high. Its leaves have sheathing leaf bases which wrap around the stem. These leaf sheaths are and lack spines. The petiole length can range from , but is usually long.
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The exterior wall is a frame structure covered in vertical board sheathing. The log roof structure was covered with shingles, now by sheet metal. The barns were listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 15, 1978.
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Typically, planking was caulked with a tar-impregnated yarn made from manila or hemp to make the planking watertight. Starting in the mid-19th century, iron was used first for the hull structure and later for its watertight sheathing.
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In many of these cases, the purpose of these treatments is ambiguous. There is dispute whether many of these treatments were actual anti-fouling techniques, or whether, when they were used in conjunction with lead and wood sheathing, they were simply intended to combat wood-boring shipworms. Ships brought ashore on the Torres Strait and careened in preparation for cleaning the hull In 1708, Charles Perry suggested copper sheathing explicitly as an anti-fouling device but the first experiments were not made until 1761 with the sheathing of HMS Alarm, after which the bottoms and sides of several ships' keels and false keels were sheathed with copper plates. The copper performed well in protecting the hull from invasion by worm, and in preventing the growth of weed, for when in contact with water, the copper produced a poisonous film, composed mainly of oxychloride, that deterred these marine creatures.
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The House of the Parliament officially opened in September 1966. Bremen’s parliament building is called ‘Haus der Bürgerschaft’. The building has a frame construction of iron-reinforced concrete. The sheathing of glass has been hung in front of this construction.
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He was later to become the fourteenth headmaster of the school. As a talented swordsman, he once duelled with Yamaoka Tesshū; the two men faced off for over forty minutes without moving, before sheathing their swords with neither striking a blow.
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Ophrys apifera grows to a height of . This hardy orchid develops small rosettes of leaves in autumn. They continue to grow slowly during winter. Basal leaves are ovate or oblong-lanceolate, upper leaves and bracts are ovate-lanceolate and sheathing.
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The interior was restored to its presumed original configuration, and interior sheathing was replaced. Restoration guidance and furnishings were provided by Mrs. Chance Beebe, who lived at the station 1918-1919 when her husband Chance was a ranger at Saint Mary.
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The main types of shed construction are metal sheathing over a metal frame, plastic sheathing and frame, all-wood construction (wood frame, wood siding and wood roof), and vinyl-sided sheds built over a wooden frame. Each type has various advantages and disadvantages that a homeowner has to consider. For example, while metal sheds are fire and termite-resistant, they can rust over time, or be severely damaged by high winds or heavy snow loads. Wood sheds are easier to modify or customize than plastic or metal, because carpentry tools and basic carpentry skills are more readily available.
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These cables comprise two individually insulated current carrying conductors and a Circuit Protective Conductor (CPC = PE = Earth). , but it is not intended to be used where it is subject to regular movement or sunlight, because the sheathing is affected by ultraviolet radiation.
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The house is roughly cubic in shape, resting on six columns, with five rooms. Exterior walls consist of corrugated metal sheathing backed by waterproof paper over a structure of two-inch steel angles. The interior finish is thin insulation board covered with fabric.
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She displaced and had a draft of . Her hull was steel- built, with wood and copper sheathing, and was equipped with a ram bow. The ship mounted two masts, both with fighting tops. She had a crew of 480 officers and enlisted men.
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It grows as an erect or spreading succulent perennial herb or shrub, from ten centimetres to a metre high. Its leaves are reduced to tiny scales sheathing the stem joints. Flowers are white, and occur in terminal cymes. The fruit is a nut.
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The sheathing leaves, can grow up to between long, and 5 cm wide. The leaves are wider than Iris cypriana. It has a tall stem, or peduncle, that can grow up to between tall.Kelly Norris It has 2 or 3 branched stems.
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It retains a number of important elements characteristic of potato house including: tall, narrow proportions, triple sheathing, hatched windows, interior chimney, storage bins, ventilation features, and gable front orientation. and ' It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
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She had a small deckhouse aft, and a larger deckhouse forward. The hull was black, with pearl colored bulwarks, and blue waterways on the upper deck. The hull sheathing was yellow metal. Kingfisher had deck structures and hatchway coamings of East India teak.
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Plastic-Coated is similar to the steel tendon used in Unbonded post-tensioned concrete. The only difference is that plastic-coated barrier cable does not have a layer of Post Tension coating ("grease") between the extruded HDPE plastic sheathing and the steel strand.
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The rootstock of Potamogeton robbinsii lacks tubers. The stems root from the lower nodes, and sterile stems are either simple or widely branching and are feather-like, covered with sheathing whitish stipules. The sterile stems measure long. Flowering stems grow up to tall.
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Aberdeen is an imposing brick temple-form house. The main facade features an imposing pediment finished with horizontal flush sheathing. The walls are laid in Flemish bond with flat arches over the openings. A diminutive portico with Doric order columns is the central feature.
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Inside-out framing has the sheathing boards or planks on the inside of the framing.Vlach, John Michael. Barns. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.;, 2003. 338. Print. This type of structure was used for structures intended to contain bulk materials like ore, grain or coal.
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Instead of demolition the city decided to wrap the rest of the building in protective sheathing. The city took Sebba Rockaway to court for 17 code violations. City court in December 2004 fined the company $480,000 for a dozen code violations and dismissed five.
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Further variations on the fourteen styles was achieved by sheathing variously in stucco, shingles, or clapboards. All of the houses are wood-frame construction with steeply pitched slate roofs. Roofing styles are varied as well and include gambrel, hipped, clipped gambrel, gable, and clipped gable.
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Bistorta plumosa is a perennial herb characterized by its spiky bright pink or purplish flowers. Bistorta plumosa grows 10–40 cm tall originating from a dense, contorted rhizome. Bistorta plumosa has simple alternate leaves with winged petioles. The winged petioles are sheathing at the base.
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Perennial. Corm thick, globular. Leaves petiolate; petiole sheathing, often purplish. Limbs shorter than petioles, those of the first shoots regular, the others decomposed into secondary limbs issued at the base with one fitting into the other. Spathe with a tube equal to the lamina.
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There is no ceiling; rafters and roof sheathing can be seen overhead. The floor is wood. There are wood floors and plaster ceilings and walls throughout the house. The southernmost room of the gable roof rear section of the house is a milk house.
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In addition, the interior framework has exposed steel girders and corrugated metal roof sheathing. Interior walls are brown glazed brick. Ticket offices are located at the entryway. Concrete block offices and classrooms initially built under the main floor stands were removed during renovations in 2014.
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Deterioration of the hull of a wooden ship was a significant problem during the Age of Sail. Ships' hulls were under continuous attack by shipworm, barnacles and various marine weeds, all of which had some adverse effect on the ship, be it structurally, in the case of the worm, or affecting speed and handling in the case of the weeds. The most common methods of dealing with these problems were through the use of wood, and sometimes lead, sheathing. Expendable wood sheathing effectively provided a non-structural skin to the hull for the worm to attack, and could be easily replaced in dry dock at regular intervals.
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There were also fears that the conductors would attract lightning to the ship, and prejudices against their use. The French navy devised a modified system in which the chain was led down the permanent rigging to connect to the copper sheathing which was used to protect the hull below the waterline against damage from collisions and shipworms. In the early 19th century they replaced the chains by metal cables. Harris invented a new system in 1820, with lightning conductor plates fixed along spars and down the aft side of the mast, right down through the hull to connect to the copper sheathing of the hull.
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A brick addition on a concrete foundation was added in 1912 to its rear, northwest corner. A screened porch was added c.1920. Its interior was remodeled during 1951–1952. Another remodeling in 1994-1995 added vinyl sheathing to the porch, and also restored many Victorian features.
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He had a 13 horsepower marine paraffin motor driving a single screw installed. She had hitherto been propelled only by sail and had proved to be sluggish. Much of the winter was spent upgrading her ice sheathing; Amundsen knew she would spend several winters iced-in.
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The lower side of the buttresses are decorated with egg-shaped cut outs, with vesica piscis and spandrel designs. The majority of the building is built from local sandstone. The vaults are built of brick. In the 18th Century, limestone sheathing was added to the pillars.
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Stability problems were to some extent improved by the addition of a high belt of wood sheathing at the waterline. The outcome of the project led the French Navy to return to a more traditional design with the next generation of ships, which would lead to Bretagne.
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She had a beam of and a draft of forward and aft.Gröner, p. 97 The cruisers' hulls were constructed with transverse steel frames with yellow pine planking up to the upper deck. A layer of Muntz metal sheathing covered the hull to protect the wood from shipworm.
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Cottin decorates iPad and iPad minis. This includes plating the shell in different metallizations such as gold or silver, as well as decorating iPad covers by sheathing them in exotic leather. Additional services in the form of engraving and gilding are utilized to customize the devices further.
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Decorative turned elements on the porch and on the front gable are inspired by Eastlake designs. The gable also has diagonal sheathing boards. Windows in the house are one-over-one double-hung units with decorative cornices. The Elias Meyers House was constructed some time before 1899.
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Suffisante was built with copper sheathing, including the pegs. By 30 November 1793 Suffisante was under the command of enseigne de vaisseau non entretenu Berrenger and stationed at Le Havre. From there she cruised to protect the fishermen working between Dieppe and Cap d'Antifer.Fonds Marine, p.66.
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The barn has a large track-mounted door. The interior of the building features original tongue-and-groove sheathing on the walls and ceiling. The main block of the store was built c. 1901 by John and Lewis Anderson, and was the town's first general store.
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This gladiolus typically grows one half to one metre in height, but has been known to approach 1.5 metres tall. It grows from a corm one or two centimetres wide. It produces three narrow, sheathing leaves. The inflorescence is a spike of two to eight large, fragrant blooms.
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Refining of secondary lead is similar to that of primary lead; some refining processes may be skipped depending on the material recycled and its potential contamination. Of the sources of lead for recycling, lead–acid batteries are the most important; lead pipe, sheet, and cable sheathing are also significant.
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Copper sheathing was used for roofing. A stone wall and iron fence were erected in 1905 to provide security for the building and instruments and privacy for the staff. The original stone tower eventually proved to be unsuitable. Wind-driven rain penetrated its walls, damaging the instruments and records.
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It has short rhizomes and a few long secondary roots. It has glaucous and sheathing leaves. The leaves can grow up to between long, and between wide.James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey (Editors) They are herbaceous, and die in autumn and it remains dormant over winter.
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The portals project beyond the trusses, and their sheathing is flared at sides to reach the eaves. The trusses include iron suspension rods, and are joined at the top by lateral tie rods for stability. The bridge deck consists of wooden planking. The bridge's construction date is unknown.
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Line-drawing of Almirante Brown Almirante Brown was long between perpendiculars, and had a beam of and a draft of . She displaced up to with a combat load. Her hull was steel-built, with a wood and zinc sheathing. The hull included a double bottom and a ram bow.
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One room contains a pump, and the other is a storage area. The sheathing and wood roof rafters are exposed to the interior. The linen house is nearby. A studs-out building, it is believed to have been built at about the same time as the standard cabins.
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Thomas L. Waite of The New York Times said in 1988, before the completion of the building, that the blue glass sheathing around it "may give it a pastoral sheen." Waite said that the design of 125 West 55th Street is similar to that of the Metropolitan Tower.
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The shipbreakers undertook a thorough dismantling, removing all the copper sheathing, rudder pintles and gudgeons, copper bolts, nails and other fastenings to be sold back to the Admiralty. The timber was mostly sold to house builders and shipyard owners, though some was retained for working into specialist commemorative furniture.
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According to a study by Florida Solar Energy Center, a white tile or white metal cool roof can outperform traditional black shingle roof with a radiant barrier in the attic, but the black shingle roof with radiant barrier outperformed the red tile cool roof. For installing a radiant barrier under a metal or tile roof, the radiant barrier (shiny side down) should NOT be applied directly over the roof sheathing, because high contact area reduces the efficacy of the metallic surface as low emitter. Vertical battens (aka firring strips) may be applied atop said sheathing; then OSB with radiant barrier may be put atop the battens. The battens allow more air space than construction without battens.
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The total length of the bridge is with a mid-span clearance above the water of in order to make room for the United States Navy's tallest ships at the time. The arch resembles a parabola, but is made up of 40 linear segments. The design of the steel arch is influenced by the Hell Gate Bridge designed by Ammann's mentor, Gustav Lindenthal. Gilbert had designed an ornamental granite sheathing over the steelwork as part of the original proposal, but as in the case of the George Washington Bridge, the stone sheathing was eliminated in order to lower the cost of the bridge due to material shortages during the Great Depression, leaving the steel trusses exposed on both bridges.
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Longer drains require wells with a diameter of up to 8–10 m. To determine the network of microdrains planners take into consideration the makeup of the subsoil and the hydraulic regime of the slope. The drainage in these wells is passive, realised by linking the bottom of adjacent wells by sub-horizontal perforations (provided with temporary sheathing pipes) in which the microdrains are placed at a gradient of about 15-20° and are equipped with microperforated PVC pipes, protected by non-filtering fabric along the draining length. Once the drain is embedded in the ground, the temporary sheathing is completely removed and the head of the drain is cemented to the well.
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Until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, rails were made of wood, were a few inches wide and were fastened end to end, on logs of wood or "sleepers", placed crosswise at intervals of two or three feet. In time, it became common to cover them with a thin flat sheathing or "plating" of iron, in order to add to their life and reduce friction. This caused more wear on the wooden rollers of the wagons and towards the middle of the 18th century, led to the introduction of iron wheels. However, the iron sheathing was not strong enough to resist buckling under the passage of the loaded wagons, so rails made wholly of iron were invented.
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The logs are roughly hewn, with limestone mortar filling the gaps. In places where the log beams are too short, two logs were simply butted together. The corners are formed by the use of square corner notches. The logs show evidence of having been covered in sheathing from an early period.
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Sea Arrowgrass Triglochin martima Juncaginaceae are marsh or aquatic herbs with linear, sheathing basal leaves. The flowers are small and green in erect spikes or racemes. The flower parts come in threes, but the carpels are either 3 or 6, joined to a superior ovary. The fruit is a capsule.
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It is similar in form to a dwarf form of an Iris aphylla. It has partially exposed rhizomes, that branches to form a dense clump. It has falcate (sickle-shaped), grey-green leaves, deciduous, simple, sheathing leaves. They can grow up to long, and between 1.5 and 2.5 cm wide.
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Pandanaceae includes trees, shrubs, lianas, vines, epiphytes, and perennial herbs. Stems may be simple or bifurcately branched, and may have aerial prop roots. The stems bear prominent leaf scars. The leaves are very long and narrow, sheathing, simple, undivided, with parallel veins; the leaf margins and abaxial midribs are often prickly.
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Caltha novae-zelandiae is a small (3–5 cm, exceptional up to 18 cm high), hairless, perennial herb. Plants form mats of rosettes. Its white rhizomes are stout and fleshy. The spade- shaped leaves have slender, grooved petioles of up to 10 cm long that form a membranous sheathing base.
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Between October and December 1781 Squirrel was at Plymouth receiving copper sheathing, and being refitted. Still, on 23 December 1781 Squirrel was in company with , , and at the capture of the Dutch ship De Vrow Esther. Captain John Inglis assumed command in 1782. On 15 February Squirrel captured the privateer Furet.
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Wooden boats became so vulnerable that the only possible response could come with the introduction of the iron-hulled warship. The first of them was the French La Gloire, which was a wooden ship with iron sheathing. She was soon followed by HMS Warrior, which was iron-hulled with wooden backing.
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Tricholoma caligatum is a mushroom of the agaric genus Tricholoma. It is a large species with a distinct sheathing ring on the stem, found in mycorrhizal association with various trees throughout the Mediterranean. It is sometimes referred to as the European Matsutake,Roger Phillips (2006). Mushrooms. Pan MacMillan. pp. 45–46. .
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Antimony is used in antifriction alloys (such as Babbitt metal), in bullets and lead shot, electrical cable sheathing, type metal (for example, for linotype printing machines), solder (some "lead-free" solders contain 5% Sb), in pewter, and in hardening alloys with low tin content in the manufacturing of organ pipes.
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The plants usually have underground rhizomes or tubers. The leaves are arranged in two rows with the petioles having a sheathing base. The leaf blade is narrow or broad with pinnate veins running parallel to the midrib. The petiole may be winged, and swollen into a pulvinus at the base.
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New modification plans were started in 1930 and implemented in 1937. During the Second World War the tower was almost completely destroyed by a direct hit from artillery. The repair of war damage was not completed until 1955. In 1967 the damaged slate sheathing had to be replaced by copper.
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The building may date to the period of the main house, but construction features such as wire nails, diagonal sheathing and a roof that is not consistent with the other Holt-designed buildings (i.e., gabled instead of hipped), suggests that the building was constructed in the beginning of the twentieth century.
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The copper sheathing on her hull needed to be replaced, and Paul Revere supplied the copper sheets necessary for the job.Toll (2006), p. 176.Allen (1905), p. 137. She departed Boston on 14 August, and she encountered an unknown ship in the darkness on 6 September, near the Rock of Gibraltar.
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The museum opened in 2013 in a new facility located on Cane River Lake. Built for $23 million, the building was designed by the firm of Trahan Architects of New Orleans and features sinuous molded stone interiors and earth-colored exterior sheathing in order to evoke the river.<\--Broken link, May 2017.
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They can grow up to long. They often have 2–3 basal (rising from the rhizome) leaves, with one sheathing the stem. It has a flattened stem, or peduncle, that can grow up to between tall. It has 2 short branches, (or pedicels), the lowest branch is similar in length to the bract.
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She was long between perpendiculars, had a beam of and a deep draft of .Tredea & Sozaev, p. 412 She was sheathed in copper to reduce biofouling. A novel system of zinc pipes that penetrated sheathing and connected with the ventilation fan was installed in the hold to prevent the decay of her hull.
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The erect, three-angled stems often exceed one meter tall. Sheathing leaves occur at the stem bases as well as higher up the stems. The inflorescence is a panicle of many clusters of spikelets and leaflike bracts on long, thin branches. The fruit is a pale, smooth achene less than 2 millimeters long.
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In Musō Shinden-ryū, the sheathing is performed horizontally with the blade outwards. Only when the sword is about two-thirds of the way in the saya is the edge turned to face upwards. The blade and saya should cross your center line at a forty-five degree angle while sheathing.Yamatsuta, p. 38.
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Durand Cabin which is poteaux-sur-solle style framing. The framing is covered by clapboards nailed directly to the studs and posts without sheathing. On the back and left interior walls are sawn lath with lime plaster. Pierrotage is a half-timbered timber framing technique in which stone infill is used between posts.
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Cross-section of direct buried cable Direct-buried cable (DBC) is a kind of communications or transmissions electrical cable which is especially designed to be buried under the ground without any kind of extra covering, sheathing, or piping to protect it. Most direct-buried cable is built to specific tolerances to heat, moisture, conductivity, and soil acidity. Unlike standard telecommunications and power cables, which have only a thin layer of insulation and a waterproof outer cover, DBC consists of multiple layers of heavy metallic-banded sheathing, reinforced by heavy rubber covers, shock absorbing gel, wrapped thread-fortified waterproof tape, and stiffened by a heavy metal core. DBC is preferable in some areas since it is more resistant to being the focus of lightning discharges.
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She generally returned to Puget Sound in the fall and was often the last ship out of Nome.West; Corwin had carried mail from Seattle to Nome in earlier years at no charge to the government.New York Times August 15, 1909Tacoma Public Library (d)Morning Leader Nov 29, 1902 In part, her early arrivals were due to the fact that she was sheathedKimball (1912) describes the sheathing as ironwood. Vanderlip describes her sheathing in 1900 as "greenheart timber", possibly Chlorocardium rodiei. The original oak could have been replaced in the 1896 refit or possibly earlier. Victoria Daily Colonist, May 9, 1901 reports the Corwin was stripped, caulked, sheathed, and copper painted at Bullen's yard, though West, p 90, is unaware she had been recaulked.
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A small yet powerful sandblasting tool that would sandblast and vacuum simultaneously was developed specifically for the removal of the stubborn coating. The tool devised by the Blast and Vac company of Bolivar, Ohio, was "a standard blasting nozzle inside a vacuum cleaner head". A commercial grade bicarbonate of soda (baking soda), manufactured by Arm & Hammer was donated and applied as the cleaning agent that would be abrasive yet gentle on the copper sheathing. The baking soda leaked through the holes and crevices in the sheathing, and was affecting the coloration of the patina on the external side of the statue so the workers would rinse the outer surface of the statue, to prevent the baking soda from turning the green patina of the statue blue.
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Orchis provincialis is a herbaceous plant high. The 4-5 basal leaves are oblong-lanceolate, with a length of about 8 cm and arranged in a rosette, the color is green with purplish brown spots. The cauline leaves are sheathing the stem, with yellowish lanceolate bracts. The inflorescence comprises 5 to 30 small flowers.
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It is a dwarf plant, that has a stem (or peduncle) that can grow up to between long. The stem is hidden by 1–2 sheathing leaves. The stems have 3–4 spathes (leaves of the flower bud), that are long. They are greenish tinted purplish, partially membranous, with a hyaline (clear and translucent) margin.
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Roofs were typically covered with wood shingles until sheet metal roofing became available. Thatch roofing had fallen out of use by this time period. The wall sheathing was usually vertically boarded but may be studded with the wall boards installed horizontally. Barns may be left unpainted or painted, most commonly an inexpensive red color.
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During the Kengen era (1302–1303) the Hon-dō was thoroughly restored. The construction features a large hip-and-gable irimoya style roof and white washed walls. Inside thick pillars placed on the dirt floor carry the roof. The open ceiling which used to be painted red, leaves the sheathing beams and rafters visible.
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Repairs were undertaken to the copper sheathing in 1824. Under the command of William Pope and surgeon Thomas Davies, she left Portsmouth, England on 6 January 1825 with 200 male convicts. She arrived in Sydney on 29 April; one convict died during the voyage. From Sydney Asia sailed to Batavia via the Torres Islands.
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Jericho Historic District is a national historic district located at East Hampton, New York in Suffolk County, New York. The district includes three contributing buildings. They are three early 19th century, Federal style residences; the remnants of a historic settlement known as "Jericho." All are built of heavy timber frame construction with shingled exterior sheathing.
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The waiting rooms were covered in copper sheathing and had large skylights. The railroad constructed full-length steel platform canopies in their own shops. A separate baggage tunnel, west of the main passenger tunnel, connected with freight elevators to the platforms. When the renovations were complete in 1915, the station was renamed as North Philadelphia.
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Styrofoam has a variety of uses. Dow produces Styrofoam building materials, including varieties of building insulation sheathing and pipe insulation. The claimed R-value of Styrofoam insulation is five per inch.Dow Announces New Technology for STYROFOAM Insulation Styrofoam can be used under roads and other structures to prevent soil disturbances due to freezing and thawing.
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The building is constructed of a steel frame with brick sheathing and is about in size. The building has a T-shaped layout, with an entry canopy that makes the building more rectangular in shape. The exterior also features accents of concrete and cast stone. Important features include the exterior canopy, windows and doors.
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Essex had a very bluff appearance; she had a figurehead, a moderate tumble home and a shapely rounded stern. She also had a bowsprit, a jib boom and also a flying jib boom. USS Essex was also believed to have copper sheathing on her bottom. She had two iron folding stock anchors at her bow.
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The ranger station was reconstructed from a cabin originally built by Lee Manges about 1925 which was acquired by the National Park Service in 1930 and moved to the present site. The small rectangular log cabin features a log pole front porch, with decorative half-log sheathing in a V-pattern on its gable.
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The ships were long at the waterline and long overall. They had a beam of and a draft of forward. They displaced at designed displacement and at full load. The hull was constructed with transverse and longitudinal steel frames, and the outer hull consisted of wood planking covered with Muntz copper sheathing to prevent fouling.
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Winfield 2007, p. 358Syrett 1988, pp.6768 Seven days later she was brought into Deptford Dockyard where she was renamed Elephant and placed in a dry dock for fitting- out and for copper sheathing of her hull. As built, Elephant was long with an keel, a beam of , and a roomy hold depth of .
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Richea sprengelioides individual growing on Mt Wellington, the angular leaf scars can be clearly seen. Richea sprengelioides can grow as an erect shrub up to 1.2m in height. Older stems are devoid of leaves but bear numerous angular scars. Its leaves follow the distinctive habit of its genus, sheathing the stem before curling away and tapering to a point.
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In 1830, Grantham won a prize from the London and North Western Railway for a design for pulling up passenger carriages from Lime Street to Edge Hill Station, Liverpool, by stationary engines. He took out several patents for screw propellers and invented a system of sheathing iron- built ships with wood and copper, to prevent fouling in tropical climates.
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According to the Keizoudokuzui, which is a book written by Hakuin Ekaku, the building sheathing Kiiti-ji’s was requested by Ōishi- Shichirō-Zaemon, then Ōsawa-Yoda clan took over his wish and completed the construction in 1717. Also, the book said that the statue of Goddess Benzaiten being enshrined in the building was made by Prince Shōtoku.
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Church of the Holy Trinity is a historic Episcopal church located near Ridgeland, South Carolina, Jasper County, South Carolina. It was built in 1858, and is a Carpenter Gothic-style church. The Gothic Revival style features include the asymmetrical composition, the wheel window, the buttressed tower, and board and batten sheathing. It features a three-staged bell tower.
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Flanders' Block has eight arched windows on the second level. It was originally built with five arched windows on the main level and a conventional storefront in the remaining three bays. At the time of its National Register nomination, the street facades were covered by later remodelings, but the owner subsequently removed the sheathing and restored the original storefront.
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Utile arrived in Portsmouth on 21 August 1797 and was laid up. She was immediately offered for sale, with the terms of sale including her copper sheathing and the proviso that the buyer post a bond of £2000 that he would break her up within a year. She was sold on 7 June 1798 at Portsmouth for £610.
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Miniature hoses with a diameter of only a few millimetres are highly flexible while also being very robust. When provided with a special sheathing, they can be used in minimally invasive surgery. Models with an inner liner (see below) and special connectors are used for laser or optoelectronic applications. The smallest diameter for miniature hoses is 1.8 mm.
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Central Garage, originally Snyder's Tin and Hardware Shop, is a historic commercial structure located in Orleans in Jefferson County, New York. It was built in 1902. It is a two-storey, frame, rectangular building characterized by its retrained Classical Revival styling and sheet metal sheathing. It was converted from use as a shop to a garage in the 1930s.
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In some areas building codes require a minimum slope. Buffalo, New York and Montreal, Quebec, Canada, specify 6 in 12, a pitch of approximately 26.6 degrees. Carpenters frame rafters on an angle to "pitch" a roof. Gable and other multi-pitched roofs allow for lower primary structures with a corresponding reduction in framing and sheathing materials.
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Plenum-rated and riser-rated cables are restricted to only allow certain chemicals for manufacture of the wire insulation and cable sheath. Typically this results in reduced flexibility of plastic cables, making it stiff and hard to bend. The bend radius may also be increased, and tight bends can potentially crack or tear the insulation and sheathing.
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Sanford House is a historic home located at Queensbury, Warren County, New York. It was built about 1797 and is a formal, five-by-two-bay 2-story Federal-style house with Georgian-inspired details. It is of post-and-beam construction with wide clapboard sheathing. It features an elaborate center entrance porch with a second-story Palladian window.
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A cerebellar glomerulus is about 2.5 um in diameter, and is wrapped by glial sheathing. Glomeruli are centered on the large axonal terminals of glutamatergic afferent mossy fibers. Each terminal comes into contact with dendrites from 50–60 different granule cells. The granule cells themselves each have a single or multiple dendrites, and each participates in a different glomerulus.
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He steps through the crowd with a dagger, holds it to Mike's neck before sheathing it and deciding to forgive. The Jirga believe he has made the correct decision and one elder says "forgiveness is mightier and [more] honourable than taking revenge." Mike assists in the ritual sacrifice of a sheep and then leaves the village.
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Argent Apartments is a historic apartment house located at Glens Falls, Warren County, New York. It was built about 1895 and is a rectangular, three story, frame building covered by a slate mansard roof and clapboard sheathing. At the corners are three story towers with open galleries. It features two tiered porches with turned posts and balustrades.
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In July 1870 Maeander was wrecked in a gale in the South Atlantic Ocean off Ascension Island. Her remains are at a depth of 14 metres (46 feet) in position , bows on to the shore. She lies on her port side and has opened up. Timber, copper sheathing, knees supporting her gun deck, and her tiller have been located.
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The stems are three-angled and narrow at the middle. Sheathing leaves occur at the stem bases as well as higher up the stems. The inflorescence occurs at the end of the stem, with small additional ones growing from leaf axils. The inflorescence consists of several clusters of many spikelets wrapped at the bases in a leaflike bract.
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The construction budget was 600 million rubles. The funds were allocated by the State Planning Committee of the USSR. One of the biggest problems in the construction of the television tower was the loose soil in the area. As a result, it was decided to reduce the mass of the tower, building it from metal beams and aluminum sheathing.
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Inflorescence Sweet flag is a herbaceous perennial, tall. Its leaves resembles those of the iris family. Sweet flag consists of tufts of basal leaves that rise from a spreading rhizome. The leaves are erect yellowish-brown, radical, with pink sheathing at their bases, sword-shaped, flat and narrow, tapering into a long, acute point, and have parallel veins.
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The crowded oval, evergreen leaves are undivided with sheathing stalks. The leaves are flat by day and folded up as the day comes to an end, hence the common name "prayer plant" which attaches to the genus and its species - notably M. leuconeura. The flowers are small with three petals and two larger petal-like staminodes.
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While fitting out in Kronstadt in May 1904 in preparation for the installation of her armor, some temporary sheathing was removed that allowed water to enter and sank the ship five days later. The water was pumped out and the ship refloated without incident.McLaughlin 2003, pp. 136, 138 She was completed in October 1904Chesneau & Kolesnik, p.
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On 13 May 2014, underwater archaeological explorer Barry Clifford claimed that his team had found the wreck of Santa María. In the following October, UNESCO's expert team published their final report, concluding that the wreck could not be Columbus's vessel. Fastenings used in the hull and possible copper sheathing dated it to the 17th or 18th century.
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The oblong or oblanceolate leaves are long and wide, and are planar or incurved with a prominent midrib. The glaucous and coriaceous leaves have an acute to obtuse apex, a narrow base, and a sheathing pseudopetiole. Leaves have a single basal vein with or without lateral branches, and lack tertiary reticulation. The laminar glands are dense.
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Arundina graminifolia is a terrestrial, perennial orchid with reedy stems, forming into large clumps growing to a height between 70 cm and 2 m. The plaited linear leaves are oblong lanceolate, with a length of 9 to 19 cm and a width of 0.8 to 1.5 cm. The apex is acuminate. There are amplexicaul (clasping the stem) sheathing stipules.
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With an experienced crew of 25, the Fox set sail from Aberdeen on 1 July 1857, after extensive refitting and external sheathing suitable for Arctic service. Inuit interpreter Carl Peterson, who had served under Elisha Kent Kane, was included. They quickly stocked provisions, including lemon juice to prevent scurvy. The government provided additional equipment and arms.
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The design of most pole barns is simple. Poles make up the outer walls and support the roof system, usually pre-engineered wood trusses with a roof sheathing. Poles are usually spaced 8' apart, with the trusses bearing directly on the poles. Some variations in design call for truss carrying beams between the posts with trusses sitting on them.
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Over the last 300 years, the appearance of the house has evolved to meet the needs of the families who lived there. Many original architectural details remain preserved including; dirt cellars, field stone foundations, oak post and beam frames, oak roof sheathing, pine flooring, clam shell plaster walls and ceilings over oak lath, original trim, windows and frames.
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Oosthuizen was built in 1789 by the Hoorn shipyard for the Hoorn chamber of the Dutch East India Company. The Hoorn chamber was probably the first of the chambers to adopt copper sheathing for (Dutch) East Indiamen, and she may have been coppered.Bruijn et al. (1987), p.51. Captain Gerrit Scheler sailed from the Texel on 17 December 1791.
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The cutter Snelheid In 1782, Hinxt joined the Admiralty of Friesland. He became a lieutenant and was given command of the cutter Snelheid. This was a small ship, with copper sheathing, 12 guns and a crew of 60 men. The Snelheid was indeed a fast ship, and Hinxt often organized matches for speed with other ships.
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Interiors are sheathed in polished planks and narrow wainscoting, rooms are lightened by large, half- round clerestory windows, and twig work decorates verandas and eves. Some buildings have applied cedar bark sheathing, still remarkably intact. The camp was included in a multiple property submission for listing on the National Register of Historic Places and was listed in 1986.
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Nauman did work on two bathrooms and covered the original fir sheathing on the ceiling and walls of the family room and master bedroom with pine paneling. According to Harold Bell Wright in his book The Mine with the Iron Door (1923), Johnny Baker used stulls found in surrounding mines to build the Ranch's juniper wood carvings.
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Lepiota clypeolaria commonly known as the shield dapperling or the shaggy- stalked Lepiota, is a common, poisonous mushroom in the genus Lepiota. It is widely distributed in northern temperate zones, where it grows in deciduous and coniferous forest. Fruit bodies have a brownish cap, a shaggy stipe with a collapsed, sheathing ring or ring zone, and spindle-shaped spores.
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Swamp smartweed, renouée faux-poivre-d'eau In general, Persicaria hydropiperoides is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing upright or erect and approaching a maximum height of one meter (40 inches). Roots may emerge from nodes on the lower stem. The bristly lance-shaped leaves are around 10 centimeters (4 inches) long. The leaves have sheathing stipules known as ochrea.
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The flowering stem usually has sheathing bracts, which often appear leaf-like. The dorsal sepal is broad, erect, dished and often forms a horizontal hood over the column. The lateral sepals are similar to, but usually narrower than the dorsal sepal. The petals are shorter and narrower than the sepals and often have a hook-like tip.
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A waterside shed in Sweden A rural shed Modern secure bike sheds A garden shed with a gambrel roof A shed is typically a simple, single-story roofed structure in a back garden or on an allotment that is used for storage, hobbies, or as a workshop. Sheds vary considerably in their size and complexity of construction, from simple open-sided ones designed to cover bicycles or garden items to large wood-framed structures with shingled roofs, windows, and electrical outlets. Sheds used on farms or in industry can be large structures. The main types of shed construction are metal sheathing over a metal frame, plastic sheathing and frame, all-wood construction (the roof may be asphalt shingled or sheathed in tin), and vinyl-sided sheds built over a wooden frame.
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Paul Revere's interest in copper rolling began when, after the American Revolution, the American navy wanted to begin using this process of copper sheathing the nation's ships. Benjamin Stoddert, a successful businessman and ardent Federalist, recognized the importance of a powerful Navy in preserving the economic and political independence of the new United States. Stoddert used his position as Secretary of the Navy to fund metalworkers such as Paul Revere in the hopes that American manufacturers might be able to develop copper rolling technology of their own and reduce America's reliance on Britain for the majority of its copper products, especially for industrial and military needs. Revere saw the Navy's desire for copper sheathing as an opportunity to increase both his income and social standing, so he rose to the challenge presented by Stoddert.
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The physical plant of the high school consisted of four buildings: the main brick high school, the brick vocational agriculture building, a small wood-frame structure with tin sheathing for five buses, and a small wood-frame janitorial storage building.Clegg, John A. The History of Flagler County: The Fascinating Story of a New County with a Rich Historic Background. Clegg, 1976.
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A partially enclosed stairway winds from the right hand room upward to the second story. The second story consists of one large room covered with hand- planed, random-width sheathing. The only interior alterations consist primarily of linoleum-covered floors downstairs and plywood paneling and tile ceiling in the left-hand first story room. Several related structures are found west of the house.
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The building appears to be an early 20th-century building with an asymmetrical gable roof. It is covered with vertical board sheathing and a slate roof. Local workers familiar with West Cote recalled several years ago that the present barn and another one lost about 50 years ago were moved from the flats on the Rockfish River below the house.
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89, No. 1, Centennial Issue (Jan., 1985), pp. 71-101. The ship was intended for long service and underwent four major repairs in her life. In the last repair her owner(s) had a skin of lead sheathing of 1,5 to 2 millimeters thickness applied to her body to hopefully keep the old ship comparatively safe from woodworm and probably help watertightness.
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Derdrake escaped ashore and settled in Stralsund. Upon traveling to Stockholm, he was recognized and caught, where he was tried and hanged. Derdrake's story may be apocryphal: there was no Governor of St. Petersburg named Shevelling, while Peter the Great died in 1725 but copper sheathing was not extensively used or tested on wooden ships until the mid to late 1700s.
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It is covered with vertical tongue-and-groove sheathing. The pilot house is divided into three compartments, each formerly divided from the others by doors, now missing. The wheel room occupies the front compartment, housing the rope-and- pulley-operated wheel, with five windows on the front, two on either side, and doors on either side. A heater stands at the rear.
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Harry Wood House is a historic home located at Huntington in Suffolk County, New York. It was built about 1853 and is a -story, five-bay, center-entrance plan dwelling with a gable roof and clapboard sheathing. The entrance features a transom and sidelights with a pent roof and balustraded porch. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
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The smallest cycad plant, some individuals have been found which have only grown to a height of only . It forms a short underground trunk which holds a small crown of short, stiff, slightly arching leaves with rounded leaflets. The plant has a small hypogeal stem, up to in diameter. The stem bears small sheathing cataphylls with a pair of inconspicuous stipules.
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It creeps across the ground, creating thick clumps of plants.William Cullina It has 8–12 sheathing, (fan-like), green or light green, basal leaves. They are falcate (sickle-shaped) or sword-shaped, and linear,Merel R. Black and Emmet J. Judziewicz and long and 10–8 mm wide. After flowering, the leaves elongate up to long and 10 mm wide.
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After the signing of the Treaties of Versailles brought an end to the Anglo-French War, Agamemnon returned from the West Indies to Chatham, where she was paid off and docked on 29 October 1783 for repairs and to have her copper sheathing replaced. She came out of dock on 4 June 1784, and was subsequently laid up in ordinary.
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The wires are fixed to the wall on a block of wood. At the opposite end of the wall is a group of three cables. The insulation and sheathing on one of these cables has been removed in a similar way to the cables mentioned previously. However, only a short length of insulation has been removed from the other two cables.
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This plant is endemic to northern South Australia, where it occurs in the Everard and Musgrave Ranges in Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara. It is known from six locations. It has a disjunct distribution, occurring in patches of appropriate habitat that are spaced widely. This is an ephemeral annual herb with thin, green leaves sheathing thin stems and rounded, white flower heads.
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Illustration of Acampe rigida as Vanda multiflora from Lindley, John: Collectanea Botanica (1821) Acampe rigida is a robust species with an unbranched stem up to in length and in diameter. The leaves are disticious. The stem nodes are about apart and each bears a somewhat fleshy, upright leaf with sheathing base. The apices of the leaves are obtuse and unequally bilobed.
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The stems are three-angled and narrow at the middle. Sheathing leaves occur at the stem bases as well as higher up the stems. The inflorescence occurs at the end of the stem, with small additional ones growing from the uppermost leaf axial. The inflorescence consists of several clusters of many spikelets wrapped at the bases in a leaflike bract.
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John Palmer first appears in the registers in 1818 (there being no registers published in 1817), having undergone a "thorough repair" and having received copper sheathing over boards in 1817. Her master is Saunders, her owner Marsh & Co., and her trade London—India.Lloyd's Register (1818), Seq. №IJ602. She then sailed in 1819 to Bombay under a license from the British East India Company.
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Opaque black synthetic tights with cotton gusset Tights are a kind of cloth garment, most often sheathing the body from the waist to the toe tips with a tight fit, hence the name. They come in absolute opaque, opaque, sheer and fishnet styles — or a combination, such as the original concept of the American term pantyhose with sheer legs and opaque panty.
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Inside the central part are four rooms: to the left of the entry are the kitchen and children's chamber (above), and to the right, the parlor and parlor chamber. The kitchen ceiling retains its original whitewash and sponge painting decorative surface treatment. The outside walls may have been plastered originally, but in 1924, when the house was restored, wood sheathing was installed.
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The O.D. Gunn Trade and Sale Barn is a historic commercial agricultural building at 10 Anna Street in Quitman, Arkansas. It is a rectangular wood- frame structure with a monitor gabled roof. Its exterior is clad in metal sheathing scored to resemble brick. The roof has exposed rafter ends, and heavy Craftsman style brackets at the front-facing gable end.
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The variety spathulatum has shorter, more spathulate leaves, whilst the leaves of var.pumilum are longer and more linear. Arising from the basally sheathing leaves is an inflorescence containing a white, woolly scape with few leaf-like bracts, 20-100mm long. Forming a rosette around the flower head are elliptic to linear shaped bracts, or phyllaries, resembling the look of ray florets.
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It is hairy around the base just above the ground and may show scattered red spots. Additionally, the lower stem is often blue-rimed. Subsequent leaves are alternate (with a single leaf attached to a node), spirally arranged, and pinnately compound, with leaf bases sheathing the stem. As the plant grows, the bases of the seed leaves, near the taproot, are pushed apart.
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The cotyledon, the primordial Angiosperm leaf consists of a proximal leaf base or hypophyll and a distal hyperphyll. In monocots the hypophyll tends to be the dominant part in contrast to other angiosperms. From these, considerable diversity arises. Mature monocot leaves are generally narrow and linear, forming a sheathing around the stem at its base, although there are many exceptions.
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She was launched with little ceremony on 7 October 1786, by Commissioner Charles Proby, of Chatham Dockyard. She was then towed across the River Medway and anchored off Chatham Dockyard. She was taken into the dry dock there on 7 March 1787, where her hull was fitted with copper sheathing, and she was fitted for the Ordinary. Her final costs came to £30,232.14.
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The house has two-and-a-half stories, with a center chimney. It was constructed of white oak logs with notched corners and chinked with diagonally placed stones. A pent roof runs around three sides of the house, and the gable ends were covered in vertical sheathing. The original interior is well preserved, including original hand wrought hardware and a large central fireplace.
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Richea scoparia is 1-3m high and commonly grows in wind-swept regions of mountains. The leave persist for a number of years, even when dead. Leaves are crowded, sharp pointed, linear-lanceolate with a broad sheathing base, 3-6cm long. Inflorescences are terminal spikes 4-12cm in varying colours of orange, yellow, red, pink or white, flowering in January- March.
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Church of the Good Shepherd is a historic Episcopal, rural family chapel at Cullen in Herkimer County, New York. It was built in 1892 and consists of a rectangular nave with gable ends and a separate square tower connected by a hyphen. The wood frame structure with horizontal sheathing is on a foundation of rough cut stone. It features Gothic details.
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Arriving at Woolwich on 12 February, she was immediately docked to have her copper sheathing fitted, a process that was completed by 1 March. Launched again, she finished fitting out, and received her masts and yards. Her final costs came to £77,053, and included £61,172 spent on the hull, masts and yards, and a further £15,881 on rigging and stores.
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The iron framing, with wooden skin planking, admitted of considerable strength being obtained, and the possibility of sheathing the bottom with metal in order to avoid fouling, appeared to be another advantage in favor of the composite system. Soon, however, it was shown that the galvanic action set up between the copper on the "yellow metal" sheathing, and the iron frames tended to rapidly deteriorate the ironwork, and perhaps, sooner or later, hasten the loss of the vessel. So rapid, indeed, was this wasting of the frame found to be, that for some time past the composite system has been, so far as regards merchantmen, quite abandoned. Some ships, however, are still built "composite" for the Royal Navy, especially such craft as are intended for use on foreign stations, and whose duties would render frequent docking impossible.
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This created more room for standees. This modification was completed on the cars by 1912. Despite their copper sheathing, it was found that the subway cars were not that well "protected" from fire for service in the subway, as 23 Composites had been retired from service due to fire or minor accidents by 1916. They were outlawed from the subway by order of the Public Service Commission.
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Twin and Earth cable is normally made with PVC sheathing and insulation, which has an almost indefinite life in the right conditions. However UV light will cause it to fail, so Twin and Earth is not suitable for use outdoors. It has a temperature rating of 70 °C, including the temperature rise from resistive heating in the cable. PVC gives off hazardous smoke when burned.
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In the British Isles, there is some difference between the environments of Betula pendula and Betula pubescens, and some hybridization, though both are "opportunists in steady-state woodland systems". Mycorrhizal fungi, including sheathing (ecto)mycorrhizas, are found in some cases to be beneficial to tree growth.Birches. (A Symposium, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh 24–26 September 1982. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 85B, 1–11, 1984.
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The modular ABCS utilizes a transit isolator consisting of a metal frame supporting numerous items of medical equipment (heart and pulse oxygen monitors, etc.). Most of airframe’s cabin space is taken up by the isolator. The framework is encased in a transparent plastic sheathing, or “tent”. Only one patient—attended by one doctor and two nurses—can be accommodated in one isolator in one aircraft.
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The Indus was a 423-ton (originally 351 ton) sailing ship with copper sheathing built at Dundee in 1838 and owned by Clark of Dundee. In April 1841 the Indus was in Sydney. Under Captain David McKenzie she sailed from Gravesend on 1 October 1842 and arrived at Nelson on 5 February 1843. In January 1850 the Indus was in Sydney under Captain Frank Putt.
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Hy-Rib is a steel encasement stiffened by rigid ribs used in reinforced walls, ceilings, and floors. They are helical hooping units of steel sheathing forms used in concrete, stucco and plaster. Hy-Rib products are a derivative of the "wings" used in the patented Kahn System of reinforced concrete, invented by Julius Kahn in 1903. The products are made from a single plate of steel.
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House at 244 Park Avenue is a historic home located at Huntington in Suffolk County, New York. It is a four bay, saltbox profile dwelling with clapboard sheathing and a brick foundation. It was built about 1830 and features a shed roof porch on square columns. The house is located on the southwest corner of Park Avenue and Mill Lane across from the Huntington Hospital Parking Garage.
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The leaf lasts one growing season. The peduncle (the primary flower stalk) can be long or short. As is typical of the Arum family, these species develop an inflorescence consisting of an elongate or ovate spathe (a sheathing bract) which usually envelops the spadix (a flower spike with a fleshy axis). The spathe can have different colors, but mostly brownish-purple or whitish-green.
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In 1969, the last major alteration was the installation of large plate girders to support the weight of traffic, which were concealed from view with the addition of exterior sheathing. The cost of the project was originally estimated at $50,000 in 1967, , and noted that any changes in the appearance of the bridge would have to be approved by the Kent's Board of selectmen.
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Windows are 9-over-6 sash, with simple framing. An ell extends to the east side of the building. On the interior, the right side parlor has exposed unchamfered beams, while the left parlor has a Second Period fireplace mantel. The lobby, set between the chimney and the door, includes a winding staircase with feathered sheathing similar to that seen in the right parlor.
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The two Descartes-class cruisers were long between perpendiculars, with a beam of and a draft of . They displaced . Like most French warships of the period, the Descartes-class cruisers' hulls had a pronounced ram bow, tumblehome shape, and a short forecastle deck . Below the waterline, the hulls were covered in a layer of wood and copper sheathing to protect them from biofouling on long voyages overseas.
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What appear to be stems in Cautleya species are actually "pseudostems" formed by the tightly wrapped bases or sheaths of the leaves. In C. gracilis, the pseudostems are tall, with some purely sheathing leaves at the base. Other leaves also have blades, free from the pseudostem, long by wide. The inflorescence is a spike, with typically 2–10 loosely spaced flowers in C. gracilis var.
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De Córdova's ships attempted to chase the British fleet, but despite his efforts the British, with copper sheathing, were able to avoid the trap. This was the final action of the siege and showed up again the dismal failure of the allied navy to stop the relief for the third time. The Spanish fleet's performance under de Córdova was the single greatest factor in the siege's failure.
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Upstairs, the second floor has five rooms and two bathrooms with Federal detailing, including doors similar to the main entrance hall. In the attic are original hewn roof timber framing and rough sheathing. The rafters rise from end plates to a purlin where the roof pitch changes. Rising from the center beam is a vertical member joined to the horizontal collar by mortise and tenon.
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Also, rainscreen is defined as the entire system of the siding, drainage plane and a moisture/air barrier.Pressure Equalization in Rainscreen Wall Systems, National Research Council of Canada. Retrieved 2013-12-01The Rainscreen Principle in Design, National Research Council of Canada. Retrieved 2013-12-01 A veneer that does not stand off from the wall sheathing to create a cavity is not a rainscreen.
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Mears moved to the East Coast and became involved in railroad and manufacturing ventures there. One of his most successful railroads on the east coast was the Chesapeake Beach Railway, which ran between Washington DC and southern Maryland. The dome of the Colorado State Capitol building was originally covered in copper. After the weather tarnished the copper sheathing, Mears suggested covering the dome with gold.
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It has a short stem or peduncle, that can grow up to between tall. It has 1–3 short branches, which can be hidden by the bracts. The stem has a short, semi- sheathing leaf, and 1 stem leaf, the branches have partially inflated spathes (leaves of the flower bud), which are long, and generally green with purple staining. They are transparent or membranous on the edges.
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Ochrea of Persicaria maculosa Most Polygonaceae are perennial herbaceous plants with swollen nodes, but trees, shrubs and vines are also present. The leaves of Polygonaceae are simple, and arranged alternately on the stems. Each leaf has a peculiar pair of fused, sheathing stipules known as an ochrea. Those species that do not have the nodal ochrea can be identified by their possession of involucrate flower heads.
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Suffolk County Almshouse Barn is a historic hay and livestock barn located at Yaphank in Suffolk County, New York. It was built in 1871 and the large multi- story barn has a broad gable roof and wood shingle sheathing. It is the only extant structure from the Suffolk County Almshouse. See also: It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
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C. striata near Barrier Lake, Alberta. Note the two pale leaves sheathing the lower part of the stem, and part of the coralloid rhizome showing on the left behind the base of the stem. Like other coralroot orchids, the plant takes its name from its coral-shaped rhizomes. It has an erect stem about tall that may be red, pink, purple, or yellow-green to almost white.
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It is recommended to protect the specimens by sheathing the sheets in sealed plastic bags. Various pesticides may also be used to protect the storage space from pest infestation. If pest infestation has already occurred, the samples should be frozen for three to four days. Freezing new additions of plant samples is a suggested preventative measure against the introduction of pest to the storage space.
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Doreen E. Greig, who was the first female president-in-chief of the South African Institute of Architects, described the building in her book as 'an immense building' with a 'sombre and monumental' aspect, which derived from the reflection of grey-green glass sheathing. Its facade are swollen and its vertical aluminium mullions are balanced by the horizontal glass spandrels, which also less obscure than the fenestration.
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Istanbul Archaeological Museum Late Roman helmet, called the Deurne helmet. It is covered in expensive silver-gilt sheathing and is inscribed to a cavalryman of the equites stablesiani. The basic equipment of a 4th-century foot soldier was essentially the same as in the 2nd century: metal armour cuirass, metal helmet, shield and sword.Elton (1996) 107 Some evolution took place during the 3rd century.
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His team inserted genes into viruses to make protein fragments of myelin (the sheathing around nerves). Victims that became infected would develop multiple sclerosis, a degenerative disease of the nervous system. By splicing myelin into Legionella (Legionnaires' disease), they also created an agent that caused brain damage, paralysis and death. The recombinant Legionella was very infectious and lethal with only a few cells causing disease.
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The south side of the building is a party wall which formerly divided it from an adjacent commercial building. This adjacent building was recently demolished. To prevent moisture penetration at the top of the former party wall, the present owner applied a strip of standing seam metal sheathing (about 3 feet in height). The interior is modern looking, with plywood paneling and a lowered acoustical tile ceiling.
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Afterward, concrete was poured atop the steel sections. The steelwork for the roadway was completed in summer 1960, and work on constructing the Throgs Neck Bridge's approaches progressed simultaneously. The Queens approach viaduct had been completed up to the suspension span in September 1960. The final work on the bridge consisted of sheathing the main cables, as well as paving the roadway with asphalt.
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The kata from Musō Shinden-ryū have a number of differences from the kata of its sister art, Musō Jikiden Eishin-ryū. Among the most visible are the manner in which the furikaburi (raising the sword overhead, sometimes called furikamuri) and the nōtō (sheathing) are done. Both arts also differ from many other iaijutsu schools in that the kiai is performed silently, without hassei (shouting).
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The mycelial cords found under a rotting log Armillaria cords Mycelial cords are linear aggregations of parallel-oriented hyphae. The mature cords are composed of wide, empty vessel hyphae surrounded by narrower sheathing hyphae. Cords may look similar to plant roots, and also frequently have similar functions; hence they are also called rhizomorphs (literally, "root-forms"). Mycelial cords are capable of conducting nutrients over long distances.
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The grant was used to research wooden-framed structures and the relationship of their failure to wind velocity. The outcome of the project's research showed that the best way to strengthen a structure was to improve the fasteners that held the roofing and wall sheathing to the internal frame, and with this information Sutt signed on as a fastener engineer for the Stanley subsidiary, Bostitch.
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Xyris marginata grows on high altitude moors. Its most notable characteristics are its yellow flowers, its twisting stems, and the wavy margins found on the bracts of its inflorescence. The blade is 1 mm broad and thick; its base sheathing being 4-6 cm long; and the main stalk, coming from the roots, is between 15 and 55 cm long. It is perennial and forms small tussocks.
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The tree grows tall and straight. The > lower part of the trunk with the diverging roots furnish knee timbers and > carlines for the sneak-box. The ribs or timbers, and the carlines, are > usually 1 × 1 inches in dimension, and are placed about ten inches apart. > The frame above and below is covered with half-inch cedar sheathing, which > is not less than six inches wide.
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The first true leaf appears about 10–15 days after germination. Subsequent leaves are alternate (with a single leaf attached to a node), spirally arranged, and pinnately compound, with leaf bases sheathing the stem. As the plant grows, the bases of the seed leaves, near the taproot, are pushed apart. The stem, located just above the ground, is compressed and the internodes are not distinct.
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A multi-family residential building under construction with rigid panel exterior insulating sheathing Rigid panel insulation, also referred to as continuous insulation, can be made from foam plastics such as polyurethane (PUR), polyisocyanurate (PIR), and polystyrene, or from fibrous materials such as fiberglass, rock and slag wool. Rigid panel continuous insulation is often used to provide a thermal break in the building envelope, thus reducing thermal bridging.
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Constitution during the chase Constitution was recommissioned in December with Captain John Rodgers again taking command to oversee a major refitting. She was overhauled at a cost just under $100,000; however, Rodgers inexplicably failed to clean her copper sheathing, leading him to later declare her a "slow ". She spent most of the following two years on training runs and ordinary duty.Hollis (1900), pp. 124–125.
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Orchids in the genus Trachoma are evergreen, epiphytic, monopodial herbs with long branching roots mostly adhering to the trees on which they grow. The stems are relatively short, thick and leafy. The leaves are leathery, crowded and arranged in two ranks with their bases sheathing the stem. A large number of relatively small resupinate flowers are arranged on a short, sometimes club-shaped flowering stem.
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In 1971 Henry W. Moeller, an undersea archaeologist associated with Dowling College, discovered the keel and large wooden beams resting in between and of water off Culloden Point. A gudgeon imprinted with the name Culloden was recovered. Subsequent recovery efforts brought up another 32-pounder cannon as well as copper sheathing. A sketch of the outline of the ruins showed the ship resting on a large boulder.
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The two-story brick building is seven bays square on a raised basement of randomly coursed stone. The facade is trimmed in terra cotta and stone. The former is used for the window lintels and sills as well as an intermediate cornice; the latter for the water table. It is topped with a shallow hipped roof that has some of its original metal sheathing.
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The forefoot was a ram forged from brass, a feature then in vogue.Osbon (1963), p. 195. In common with older wooden vessels, their hulls had copper sheathing over timber beneath the waterline, but that timber simply served to separate the iron hull from the copper sheathing so as to prevent electrolytic corrosion.Lyon (1980), pp. 35–36. The timber extended to the upper deck; it was in two layers from the keel to 3 ft (.9 m) above the water line, and one layer above.Osbon (1963), p. 196. In an early case of a single builder taking responsibility for building an entire class, contracts for these first six vessels were all awarded to the John Elder & Company at Govan on the Clyde. They were all fitted with 3-cylinder compound engines, with one high-pressure cylinder of 46 inches diameter being flanked by two low-pressure cylinders of 64 inches diameter.
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Clapboards applied to framing without a layer of sheathing (sheeting). "Live edge" weather board siding and rare weatherboard roofing. Oil Creek State Park Adirondack Shelter Wood siding in overlapping horizontal rows or "courses" is called clapboard, weatherboard (British English), or bevel siding which is made with beveled boards, thin at the top edge and thick at the butt. In colonial North America, Eastern white pine was the most common material.
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In 2000, two local divers and amateur archaeological historians, Tony Iles and his daughter Helen, located a wreck through magnetometer survey. On diving the site, they found wooden frames reinforced with iron. They conducted a preliminary survey that showed the wreck to be in excess of 150 feet long, and reported the find to Cadw. They recovered Muntz Metal (also known as "Yellow Metal") pins and sheathing from the wreck.
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Orchids in the genus Trichoglottis are epiphytic or climbing herbs with a monopodial habit, thick roots and straggly or pendulous stems. There are many large, leathery linear to elliptic leaves arranged in two ranks with their bases sheathing the stems. From one to a few relatively small flowers are arranged on flowering stems arising from leaf axils. The flowers are resupinate and commonly yellowish with light brown or purple markings.
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Wall construction is in three layers, with interior planking, sheathing and weatherboard siding. The front elevation on the west side features door at the first and second floors, while the rear elevation has a door at the first floor and a window at the second. Small windows are in both gables for ventilation. The Collins Potato House was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 15, 1990.
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The current Yakushi-do is an early Muromachi period structure, and is designated as a National Important Cultural Property. However, the original thatched roof was replaced by copper sheathing in 1964. The location of this building is on the site of the Lecture Hall in the original temple layout, and there are traces of burn marks on the foundation stones, including that the temple burned down before this building was constructed.
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The deck plan of Novgorod While under construction, Popov's design was modified by the addition of wood and copper sheathing to reduce biofouling, which increased Novgorods diameter to . She had a maximum draught of and displaced at normal load. Freeboard was only and the deck curved upwards to the gun barbette in the center. The ship had an unarmoured superstructure forward of the barbette that housed some of the crew's quarters.
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Alexandrine and Arcona received copper sheathing instead of zinc. The stem and sternpost were also iron, except for the last two vessels, which had bronze sternposts. The first four vessels had nine watertight compartments, while the last two had eleven; all six ships had a double bottom under the engine room. Steering was controlled with a single rudder, and all six ships maneuvered well under steam, and better under sail.
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Following the Epistle, the king knelt before the altar, where he was first given a sword. After flourishing and sheathing it, the still-kneeling monarch was crowned by the clergy and nobility, who jointly placed the diadem upon their ruler's head. The sceptre and orb were presented, then returned to attendants. The queen was anointed and crowned in a similar manner, but she received only a sceptre and not an orb.
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The bishop Francesco Riccamonti began construction in 1699 of the Baroque structure, which in 1702 was consecrated and dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary (Santa Maria Assunta). The façade remains incomplete without its marble sheathing. The architect was Francesco Fontana, son of the famed Roman architect Carlo Fontana. The church is adjacent to the Bishop's palace (1702) and in 1750 was connected to the bell-tower.
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A small wood hatch leads to the attic, where the sawn rafters of the roof have skip sheathing and no ridge pole. From the first floor, the same stairs lead down to the basement. It has a concrete floor and single pane windows on the north and south. A mortise and tenon frame surrounds a board-and-batten door to the stone steps that lead to the outside bulkhead entrance.
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33-61 Emerson Place Row is a set of historic rowhouses located at Buffalo in Erie County, New York. It is one of a rare surviving group of speculative multi-unit frame residences designed to resemble rowhouses in the city of Buffalo. It was built in 1893, by land dealer and speculator Benjamin B. Rice. The seven unit row features decorative shingle sheathing and two-story bow windows.
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A framed partition separates the two rooms, and is covered on both sides with horizontal beaded sheathing. The whole interior is fitted with diagonal board doors. The HABS investigation found that some refitting and redesigning of the interior rooms had taken place, but that finding out what changes were involved would have required significant removal of interior fittings; in addition, there was much evidence of repair, but little of outright alteration.
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Canny pp 91-92 Tiger began to have some sustained damage, and the English decided to act. With crates and sheathing from the Tiger, English sailors created a raft and used it to assault the Spanish ship. Cornieles seeing that he was in a desperate situation having already been holed and suffered heavy damage, then surrendered. The twenty men on the makeshift raft sank just as they landed on board.
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Copper plating or copper sheathing is the practice of covering wood, most commonly wooden hulls of ships, with copper metal. As metallic copper is both repellent and toxic to fungus, insects such as termites, and marine bi-valves this would preserve the wood and also act as an anti-fouling measure to prevent aquatic life from attaching to the ship's hull and reducing a ship's speed and maneuverability.
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The board-and-batten exterior of the Lentz Hotel is supported by a timber frame of chestnut. The building reflects the "bracketed mode" of construction, made popular by American architect Andrew Jackson Downing (1815-1852). This "Carpenter Gothic" style includes brackets under especially wide eaves, vertical board-and-batten sheathing, and heavy lintels over the windows. The seven mantels and the staircase are of the Greek Revival tradition.
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Gromoboi was built by the Baltic Works in Saint Petersburg. Construction began on 14 June 1897, although she was not formally laid down until 7 May 1898, and the ship was launched on 8 May 1899. She was transferred to Kronstadt on 24 November 1899 to finish fitting out, but was forced aground by sea ice. She was freed three days later, but needed repairs to her sheathing.
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A table is built pretty much the same way as a beam formwork but the single parts of this system are connected together in a way that makes them transportable. The most common sheathing is plywood, but steel and fiberglass are also in use. The joists are either made from timber, wood I-beams, aluminium or steel. The stringers are sometimes made of wood I-beams but usually from steel channels.
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Elymus californicus is a species of wild rye known by the common name California bottlebrush grass. This grass is endemic to California where it is an uncommon species known from a few counties in the San Francisco Bay Area. It grows between one and two meters in height. The tall, erect stem is nearly naked, bearing the occasional sheathing leaf with a blade 10 to 20 centimeters long.
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St. Francis DeSales Church is a historic Roman Catholic church on Church Street in Lexington, Greene County, New York. It was completed in 1895 and is a one-story, four by one bay light frame structure on a stone and concrete foundation. It features a steeply pitched gable roof, narrow clapboard sheathing, and an enclosed porch. See also: It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.
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The 1713–1714 dwelling was a timber framed structure approximately , 6 inches by , with an ell of equal size situated on the north side. This first dwelling was one and a half stories. This dwelling had an riven oak clapboard roof sheathing, a 17:12 pitched roof and likely clapboard siding. No drawings of the original structure have been located, nor are there references to this building in land records.
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Its entry is sheltered by a gabled portico supported by Tuscan columns. The interior, which as four rooms, is finished in tongue-and-groove sheathing. The boathouse lies southeast of the main house; it is a modest 1-1/2 story wood frame structure set on a U-shaped concrete base, providing access to the water. Above the wide boat entrance is a small balcony accessed by French doors.
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Chairman Blake House is a historic private home located at Davidson, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. It was built about 1860, and is a 1 1/2-story, five bay, double pile Greek Revival style frame dwelling with a one-story rear ell. It has steep side gable roof, four brick interior chimneys, and weatherboard sheathing. It features porches on the front and rear facades supported by Tuscan order columns.
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This is a solitary- trunked palm, with the trunk usually growing to maximally 1.3m in height and 10-21cm in diameter. It may be acaulescent sometimes, which means the trunk is very short and hidden underground. The 5 to 20 leaves are highly recurved. The leaf has a 5-18cm sheathing leaf base, an unarmed petiole 2-15cm long, a rachis 50–80cm long, and possessing 26-44 pinnae.
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Designed by W. A. Gale, it was built in 1911 and is a -story, four-bay-wide, hipped roof Colonial Revival–style building with clapboard sheathing and a stone foundation. It features a three-bay-wide, one-story flat-roofed porch with Doric order columns. Also on the property are a contributing carriage house and playhouse. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in November 15, 1988.
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The two and a half story Greek Revival style Andrews House, located at 200 S. Main Street, is a wood frame building on a sandstone foundation. The main mass is rectangular, configured in a side hall pattern, and presents a gable end as main facade fronting Main Street. The front of the house has a pediment with a fan window and horizontal sheathing. The entablature continues the cornice of the roof.
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Most Apiaceae are annual, biennial or perennial herbs (frequently with the leaves aggregated toward the base), though a minority are woody shrubs or small trees such as Bupleurum fruticosum. Their leaves are of variable size and alternately arranged, or with the upper leaves becoming nearly opposite. The leaves may be petiolate or sessile. There are no stipules but the petioles are frequently sheathing and the leaves may be perfoliate.
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The upper level is divided into three rooms, with a stairwell at the rear, rising through a portion of the hose tower. A stairway used to be located behind the front room, but only the partition and opening remain. These spaces retain original tongue-and-groove sheathing on the walls and ceiling. The Andover Hook and Ladder Company was founded in 1890 to provide fire protection services for the small town.
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Its superstructure incorporates the Town lattice truss design. Both chords and the diagonals, connected by wood pins at each intersection, are formed by heavy paired planks. Planks laid on stringers form the deck; alternating timbers protrude to create a series of four buttresses on the sides of the bridge. Vertical board sheathing on horizontal nailers constitutes the bridge's siding; the roof and buttresses are clad in wood shingles.
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This was because of the good timber in the Kerala forests, the availability of good coir rope, and the skilled carpenters who specialized in ship building. In former times, the sheathing planks of a dhow's hull were held together by coconut rope. Beypore dhows are known as 'Uru' in Malayalam, the local language of Kerala. Settlers from Yemen, known as 'Baramis', are still active in making urus in Kerala.
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The central cells of apical and dorsal laminae are unistratose and smooth, up to 12 micrometres wide, hexagonal-rhomboidal shaped with thin walls and no marginal thickenings. # The dorsal lamina is the section of the leaf edge opposite the sheathing part and the ventral lamina, extending the total length of the leaf on the backside of the costa. Dorsal lamina is not decurrent, mostly decreased to extinction at the leaf base.
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Leaf pocket Another critical characteristic of the Fissidens limbatus leaf is the leaf margin, which is formed by a border called the limbidium: long, narrow, incrassate cells. These cells in F,limbatus are unistratose to bistratose. Furthermore, sometimes, the limbidium enters the sheathing part (vaginant lamina), which means that the border cells are separated from the margin by a row of chlorophyllose cells. This is called an intralaminar or intramarginal limbidium.
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The right side bay houses two windows on the front face and single windows on the sides. The second and third floors of the bay are separated by a flared skirt. The house was built about 1888, during the early phase of development in the Oak Hill area. Many of its period details, including corner braces and cut shingle sheathing, have been lost or obscured by subsequent siding work (see photo).
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Tongue and groove joints allow two flat pieces to be joined strongly together to make a single flat surface. Before plywood became common, tongue and groove boards were also used for sheathing buildings and to construct concrete formwork. A strong joint, the tongue and groove joint is widely used for re-entrant angles. The effect of wood shrinkage is concealed when the joint is beaded or otherwise moulded.
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The technique involves the dry cutting with temporary sheathing pipes, of aligned drainage wells, with a diameter of 1200–1500 mm., positioned at an interaxis of 6–8 m., their bottoms linked together to a bottom tube for the discharge of drained water. In this way the water discharge takes place passively, due to gravity by perforated pipes with mini-tubes, positioned at the bottom of the wells themselves.
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Clinically, affected people may not have symptoms or may complain of decreased visual acuity. Ophthalmic examination may reveal signs of retinal vascular disease, including cotton-wool spots, retinal bleeds, microaneurysms, perivascular sheathing, capillary telangiectasis, macular edema, and disc edema. Capillary non perfusion, documented by fluorescein angiography, is commonly present, and extensive retinal ischemia can lead to neovascularization of the retina, iris, and disc. Staging of radiation retinopathy has been proposed.
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In the early nineteenth century some developments led to an urgent need for a dry dock in the Dutch East Indies. The size and length of ships made them ever more vulnerable to some of the undesired effects of careening. The practice of coppering ships made them more economical, but careening was very bad for the copper sheathing. Therefore the required regular inspection could only be done in a dry dock.
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SIPs share the same structural properties as an I-beam or I-column. The rigid insulation core of the SIP acts as a web, while the sheathing fulfills the function of the flanges. SIPs combine several components of conventional building, such as studs and joists, insulation, vapor barrier and air barrier. They can be used for many different applications, such as exterior wall, roof, floor and foundation systems.
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SIPs maintain similar versatility to stick framed houses when incorporating custom designs. Also, since SIPs work as framing, insulation, and exterior sheathing, and can come precut from the factory for the specific job, the exterior building envelope can be built quite quickly. SIPs panels also tend to be lightweight and compact which aids this offsite construction. The environmental performance of SIPs, moreover, is very good due to their exceptional thermal insulation.
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The 1940s nostalgia-themed restaurant has since become a famous Orange County landmark. Balboa Pier Park The pier was heavily damaged in the severe El Niño storms of 1998, which also destroyed the famous diamond-shaped Aliso Pier in Laguna Beach. One of the pillars was damaged, causing a partial collapse of one corner. The wooden posts have since been reinforced with steel sheathing and braces to prevent further damage.
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The conical pseudobulbs are high and heteroblastic (derived from a single internode). The ovate to wedge shaped leaves are long by wide with smooth margins that can become wavy. There is a single leathery leaf on each pseudobulb with a long petiole with a joint near the base of the leaf blade. Inflorescences are up to long with two to three sheathing, overlapping bracts at the base of the peduncle.
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The Loren Andrus Octagon House is a two-story, eight-sided structure constructed of brick. The roof has extravagant Italianate supporting brackets and an octagonal cupola with weatherboard sheathing on top. A large porch supported by Neo-Corinthian wood columns wraps around seven of the eight sides of the house. On the eighth side, a single- story brick kitchen wing with low gable roof extends to the rear.
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Phreatia micrantha, commonly known as the native fan orchid, is a plant in the orchid family and is an epiphyte or lithophyte with four to ten channelled leaves in a fan-like arrangement with their bases sheathing the stem. A large number of small white, cup-shaped flowers are arranged along a thin, wiry flowering stem. This orchid is native to areas between Papuasia and the western Pacific.
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Pinalia fitzalanii, commonly known as the common fuzz orchid, is a plant in the orchid family and is a clump-forming epiphyte or lithophyte. It has crowded pseudobulbs, each with three or four stiff, egg-shaped leaves sheathing the pseudobulb and up to thirty five creamy yellow flowers with soft hairs on the outside. It is found in moist habitats in New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and tropical North Queensland.
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Her hull had copper sheathing, and she was armed with fourteen 12-pounder guns and had a complement of 80 crew, many of whom were away on prizes. From Hirondelle Corbet found out about the capture of King George. He dispatched his launch, whose crew then rowed 15 leagues to try to recapture King George before she reached Syracuse. However, they were unable to catch up in time.
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Several matching pairs were found, although of slightly differing lengths, ranging up to long. One set had Weeping eye motifs repousséd into the copper sheathing. A variety of copper and copper covered items have been found at the Moundville Archaeological Site in Alabama, although no copper plates have been found there. Moundville copper artifacts generally consist of copper covered ear spools and tear drop shaped pendants thought to represent trophy scalps.
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Jennings-Marvin House is a historic home located at Dryden in Tompkins County, New York. It was built in 1897 and is a 2-story, three-bay, frame Queen Anne–style structure with Colonial Revival and Shingle style detailing. The most notable feature is the -story octagonal tower with its wooden shingle sheathing and oval windows.See also: It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
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W Elliott & Sons, Metal Rollers and Wire Drawers were established in 1853 on the site of Sturges Chemical Works. Elliott’s Patent Sheathing and Metal Co. was formed in 1862.Showell, Walter: Dictionary of Birmingham (Walter Showell and Sons 1885) p324 In 1866 they bought Charles Green‘s business. Charles Green had taken out a patent (1838) for "seamless" tubes with respect to the drawing of copper tubes.Showell, Walter: Dictionary of Birmingham (Walter Showell and Sons 1885) p326 In a major expansion plan in 1928 they were taken over by ICI Metals Group and in 1964 transferred to Kynock Works at Witton.Stevens, W B (Editor): VCH Warwick Volume VII: The City of Birmingham (OUP 1964) pp. 133, 159–60, 191 Their products included rolled brass and copper sheet, drawn brass and copper wire, brass and copper tubes. There was significant production of an alloy known as Muntz metal, a patent of George Frederick Muntz, used for sheathing the hulls of wooden ships.
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The doum palm is a dioecious palm and grows up to high. The trunk, which can have a girth of up to , branches dichotomously and has tufts of large leaves at the ends of the branches. The bark is fairly smooth, dark grey and bears the scars of fallen leaves. The petioles (leaf stalks) are about a metre long, sheathing the branch at the base and armed with stout upward-curving claws.
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Every element was careful set in place to highlight the rugged character of the canyon. Cedar-bark sheathing was used as a unifying design element on all the buildings."Statement of Significance", Oregon Caves Culture Landscape Report, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, 5 February 2002. While some changes have been made to the original structures, the buildings still retain their unique rustic character which is enhanced by the surrounding park landscape.
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Partridge was docked and a letter dated 13 March stated that she had been put up for sale on 10 March in a dismantled state, with all her stores, and sold for 20,500 Rupees. Her block has been resold at an advance of 5000 Rs. She was undergoing caulking and repairs to her copper sheathing. It was expected that she would be ready on 19 or 20 March.Lloyd's List 4 September 1821, №5624.
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The meteorite was found on the site of Lake Murray State Park in 1933 by J. C. Dodson, Sr. The core was covered by a sheathing of iron oxide and shale that was about thick on the exposed part and up to thick on the buried part."Preliminary Note on the Lake Murray, Carter County, Oklahoma, Siderite (CN = + 0970,341)." La Paz, L. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, Vol. 1, pp. 109-113 (1953).
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Carpentry is one of the traditional trades but is not always clearly distinguished from the work of the joiner and cabinetmaker, in general a carpenter historically did the heavier, rougher work of framing a building including installing the sheathing and sub-flooring and installing pre-made doors and windows. Joiners did the finer work of installing trim and paneling. Plank and board are not consistently defined in history. Sometimes these terms are used synonymously.
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Orchids in the genus Thrixspermum are epiphytic or lithophytic, rarely terrestrial, monopodial herbs with long thick roots, and flat, fleshy leaves arranged in two ranks with their bases sheathing the stem. The flowers are arranged on a pendulous or arching flowering stem arising from a leaf axil. The flowers are usually short-lived and often open for less than a day. The sepals are free from and more or less similar to each other.
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The purlins are the large beams perpendicular to the rafters; from this shot, it appears that there are three purlins on either side of the roof. The sheathing boards are sometimes called the roof deck and are painted white. A purlin (or historically purline, purloyne, purling, perling) is a longitudinal, horizontal, structural member in a roof. In traditional timber framing there are three basic types of purlin: purlin plate, principal purlin, and common purlin.
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The one-story building has an irregular shape with a partly enclosed porch on the southeast side. Framing is in the "studs-out" style, with the 1" x 6" sheathing applied to the inside of the framing, emphasizing the framing as a decorative pattern on the exterior. The main entry is via the porch, through double doors. A new entry was built in 1973 on the southwest side that is accessible for the disabled.
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Late Roman ridge helmet, called the Deurne helmet. It is covered in silver- gilt sheathing and is inscribed to a cavalryman of the Equites Stablesiani. The equites stablesiani were a class of cavalry in the Late Roman army. They were one of several categories of cavalry unit or vexillatio created between the 260s and 290s as part of a reorganization and expansion of Roman cavalry forces initiated during the reign of Gallienus (260-268).
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Ralph Potato House is a historic potato house located near Laurel, Sussex County, Delaware. It one of the last surviving examples of its building type. It was built about 1915, and is a 1 1/2-story, gable fronted, balloon frame structure on a brick foundation. It retains a number of important elements characteristic of potato house including: double sheathing, an interior brick chimney, shuttered openings, and gaps between walls and floorboards.
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It was followed in 1861 by the railway station, and thus began the town's growth into a holiday resort. However, because the wooden piles were never protected by copper sheathing they suffered from shipworm. By 1850, many piles had been replaced with iron ones, or with wooden ones "prepared by Mr Payne's process" against shipworm, but as a whole they showed irreversible deterioration from 1860 onwards. Pier dues were considered expensive at 1s 6d.
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Lord Eldon appears in Lloyd's Register in 1802 with W. Dunn, master, Kave, owner, and trade: London transport.Lloyd's Register (1802), Seq. №L324. The Register of Shipping for 1804 notes that she was built in part of old materials, and that she received copper sheathing in 1804; her master is J. Shields and her owner is Sanderson, but she is now armed, and her trade is London-government service.Register of Shipping (1804), Seq. №L417.
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The sale completed, the ship was renamed Deutschland, and taken to the Framnaes shipyard in Sandefjord for extensive modification. According to measurements supplied by the polar historian Rorke Bryan, Deutschland was in length, with beam , and draught forward, aft. Her gross tonnage was 598.2, net 343.8. Built in 1905 entirely of wood, the outer hull was reinforced with 3¼ inch greenheart sheathing, and the inner hull given a further 6 inches of protection.
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In North America, this type of cable is designated as NM cable. NM means "nonmetallic", referring to the outer sheathing; the conductors are of course still metallic. NM was first Listed and described in the NEC in 1926, but it was invented a few years earlier by Rome Wire Company in 1922 in Rome, NY, and marketed under the trade name “Romex”. The name "Romex" is a trademarked brand of the Southwire Company.
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It is a perennial herb growing from a short, thick rhizome system. The erect, three- angled stems grow singly or in tufts and clumps, easily reaching one meter tall. Sheathing leaves occur at the stem bases as well as higher up the stems, the blades reaching up to 40 centimeters. The inflorescence is a panicle of many clusters of spikelets which hang on long, thin branches, often nodding or drooping, especially as the fruit develops.
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The protoperithecium consists of an ascogonium, a coiled multicellular hypha that is enclosed in a knot-like aggregation of hyphae. A branched system of slender hyphae, called the trichogyne, extends from the tip of the ascogonium projecting beyond the sheathing hyphae into the air. The sexual cycle is initiated (i.e. fertilization occurs) when a cell (usually a conidium) of opposite mating type contacts a part of the trichogyne (see figure, top of §).
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In an action on 27 June 1798, the 38-gun HMS Seahorse captured her. Sensible lost 25 men killed and 55 wounded. Seahorse had two men killed and 16 men wounded; the British report is that Sensible lost 18 men killed and 35 wounded, including Bourdé. Captain Edward James Foote of Seahorse further reported that Sensible had recently received copper sheathing and fastening, and a thorough repair at Toulon two months previously.
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Raphia australis Raphia australis is a large palm with a single trunk, growing to a height of . The leaves are long and arching, the bases of the leaf stalks sheathing the trunk. The leaves are pinnate, the centre stem or rachis being robust and brown, while the leaflets have a single fold and are shiny green above and waxy and bluish-green below. The main veins and the margins of the leaflets are spiny.
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On 4 January Rodney parted with the ship of the line under Sir John Hamilton, and the frigates , and under Captains Hyde Parker, H. Bryne and William Dickson respectively, to escort the West Indies-bound merchants.Syrett (2007), p. 303 The following day Rodney encountered a Spanish convoy consisting of 22 ships, bound from San Sebastián to Cádiz. He closed on them, the copper sheathing on some of his ships allowing them to outsail the Spanish.
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Allium sativum is a perennial flowering plant growing from a bulb, it has a tall, erect flowering stem that grows up to . The leaf blade is flat, linear, solid, and approximately wide, with an acute apex. The plant may produce pink to purple flowers from July to September in the Northern Hemisphere. The bulb is odoriferous and contains outer layers of thin sheathing leaves surrounding an inner sheath that encloses the clove.
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A branched system of slender hyphae, called the trichogyne, extends from the tip of the ascogonium projecting beyond the sheathing hyphae into the air. The sexual cycle is initiated (i.e. fertilization occurs) when a cell (usually a conidium) of opposite mating type contacts a part of the trichogyne (see Figure). Such contact can be followed by cell fusion leading to one or more nuclei from the fertilizing cell migrating down the trichogyne into the ascogonium.
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The brand is now based in Wirral. 1865: The steel wire, some 16,000 miles long, for sheathing the first successful Transatlantic telegraph cable is made by Webster and Horsfall, Birmingham. 1865: Joseph Hinks sets up James Hinks & Son, of 91-96 Great Hampton Street and 66 Hockley Street. He patents improvements to oil lamps, marketing the resultant Duplex Lamp, which is later used across the world and becomes a popular choice for railway workers.
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Exterior features of the Gothic Revival structure include lancet windows, pointed arch doorways and vertical board and batten sheathing. The building originally had a square bell tower on the corner to the left of the current main front entrance, but this was not rebuilt when the church was relocated in 1878 to Martin's Station. The church was disassembled and relocated to Cahaba in 2007, where it was reassembled at Old Cahawba Archaeological Park.
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Launched in June 1839,Winfield (2004) p.92 she was entirely built from West African hardwoods and copper fastened, with copper sheathing anti- fouling to her under parts. She had survived the Baltic Blockade during the Crimean War, later protecting British possessions in the Caribbean and 'showing the flag' along the eastern seaboard of North America 50 years after the British surrender at Yorktown. In 1876 she was renamed Conway and moored on the Mersey.
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The station was fully renovated in 1990, and careful attention was placed on restoring it to its original historical accuracy. The waiting room is reflective of New Haven line stations, with plaster walls, a wood ceiling and wood wainscot sheathing. The original floor was probably wood, but was replaced sometime in the 1930s with Terrazzo. There are wood moldings around the doors, and crown moldings enhance the perimeter at the ceiling line.
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Hastening the decline of the corroded iron, the buildup of corrosive discharge exerted pressure on the riveted copper saddles that had held the iron bars in place. This created buckling and warping, and further caused the rivets to become disjointed. Rainwater would seep into the holes in the copper sheathing which once held the disjointed rivets. Some of the seams and holes were still sealed and coated with a coal tar paint applied in 1911.
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Erythranthe androsacea is a petite annual herb producing a hair-thin, erect stem just a few centimeters tall. Its herbage is mostly red to greenish in color, the paired tiny leaves sheathing the stem at midpoint. The tubular base of the flower is surrounded by a slightly hairy red calyx of sepals. The flower corolla is pink to reddish-purple with darker spots in the throat, and just a few millimeters long.
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A branched system of slender hyphae, called the trichogyne, extends from the tip of the ascogonium projecting beyond the sheathing hyphae into the air. The sexual cycle is initiated (i.e. fertilization occurs) when a cell, usually a conidium, of opposite mating type contacts a part of the trichogyne (see Figure). Such contact can be followed by cell fusion leading to one or more nuclei from the fertilizing cell migrating down the trichogyne into the ascogonium.
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There are up to three bladeless sheathing leaves and one to five full leaves, again varying considerably in size. The blade of the leaf (the part free from the pseudostem) is typically 11–22 cm long by 1.5–2 cm wide. At the junction of the blade and sheath there are small transparent structures (ligules), 2–3 mm high. The stem (peduncle) of the flower spike may or may not emerge from the leaf sheaths.
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The south side of the bridge has two square window holes, which improve visibility due to a sharp turn in the road at one end. The trusses are set at a skew, giving the bridge the shape of a parallelogram. The portals are square, and the exterior sheathing extends around to the ends of the trusses on the interior. with The bridge was built in 1883, and has been little altered since then.
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Augsburg-Pfersee Ridge Helmet (Intercisa-type), mid-4th century. This example shows the silver and/or gold sheathing found on most Roman ridge helmets (the helmet would have had cheekpieces – now missing). Unlike earlier Roman helmets, the skull of the ridge helmet is constructed from more than one element. Roman ridge helmets can be classified into two types of skull construction: bipartite and quadripartite, also referred to as Intercisa-type and Berkasovo-type, respectively.
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John Barry was reported to be a wreck in the Lombok Straits, and deserted by all her crew in 1840, however she was able to be got off after seven hours. She suffered the loss of her false keel and minor damage to her copper sheathing. She put into Sourabaya (now Surabaya) where she was repaired. She arrived at Port Jackson on 31 January 1841 with produce, 165 horses, and a tiger from Java.
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Using a crane with a berm, as well as electrical equipment and other tools, 20 workmen placed the heavy plywood sheathing sections along all four sides of the Soldiers' & Sailors' Monument. The structure was red with speckles of gold and silver, and green fir foliage around the base. It was assembled in four sections, which each ranged between and in weight. Once the tower was complete, it was topped off by an electric neon "flame".
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Her hull was fitted with copper sheathing, a process that took two weeks to complete. Refloated, she finished fitting out, and received her masts and yards. Her final costs came to £73,241, and included £59,428 spent on the hull, masts and yards, and a further £13,813 on rigging and stores. She was commissioned on 21 March 1799 under Captain Peter Puget, becoming the second ship of the Royal Navy to bear the name Temeraire.
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Rumex graminifolius is a slender perennial plant that grows from 0.1 m to 0.5 m high, with roots that run right below the surface, as well as a skinny stems and edible pointy, flat leaves. The leaves, when consumed raw, have a bitter taste. The lower leaves have 4 to 6 centimeters in length with long petioles and a membranous ocrea formed of fused, sheathing stipules. The upper ones are inflorescences, flowers and frequently become a bright reddish color.
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The height of the building is approximately that of the level of the eaves of both the Town Hall und the house 'Schütting'. The folded roof was a compromise solution conceived as a means for converging and linking the building with the older buildings surrounding the historic market square. The facade of the parliament building reflects the old buildings in the mirror-like surface of the glass sheathing. Artificial reliefs made of aluminum highlight the window sills.
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A hot roof is a roof designed not to have any ventilation and has enough air- impermeable insulation in contact with the sheathing to prevent condensationDekorne, Clayton (2014, February). Insulating Cathedral Ceilings: Practical solutions to prevent call backs and boost energy performance, Journal of Light Construction 41-47. such as when spray foam insulation is applied directly to the under-side or top-side of the roof deck or in some cathedral ceilings.Kruger, Abe, and Carl Seville.
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Archaeologists found spear points in the hull. While these could very well be used for the protection of the crew, rubber casts indicate that they were in contact with the lead sheathing covering the ship. This would suggest that the points were stuck inside the hull when it sank - possible evidence of an attack. In typical merchant ships the captain would have a balance, weights, and coinage for measuring and trading goods- all of which were missing.
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It grows in rocky clay and often serpentine soils in grassland and woodland habitat, sometimes near vernal pools. This is a perennial herb growing from an oval-shaped corm up to 3 centimeters wide deep in the soil. The curving, widely branching stem is up to about half a meter in maximum height with linear leaves up to 30 centimeters long sheathing the lower portion. The inflorescence is a raceme or panicle of several flowers on pedicels.
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The William Andrew House is located in southern Orange, on the north side of Old Tavern Road near its crossing of the Indian River. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof, central chimney, and clapboarded exterior. It includes a finely detailed front cornice, feather-edged sheathing, and hand-split lath laboriously installed without nails. The main facade is five bays wide, with a central entrance topped by a multilight transom window.
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It is also used in a number of other construction applications such as fascias, soffit, shaft-liner and area separation, wall sheathing, and as tile backing (backer board) or as substrates for coatings and insulated systems such as finish systems, EIFS, and some types of stucco. Magnesia cement board for building construction is available is various sizes and thickness. It is not a paperfaced material. It generally comes in a light gray, white or beige color.
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An entry courtyard is situated on the east side, while a sprawling stone terrace is on the west side. Framed in wood, the walls are of stone masonry at the first level, and redwood shingle sheathing at the second level. The low pitch gable roof features wide overhangs and eyebrow vents, the original wood shingle replaced in 2004 with fireproof composite shingles. The foundation is of quarry stone and cement, while the chimneys are of brick.
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In the words of the Tazkira: Muhammad Shah was forced to beg for mercy.Axworthy p.8 These horrific events were recorded in contemporary chronicles such as the Tarikh-e-Hindi of Rustam Ali, the Bayan-e-Waqai of Abdul Karim and the Tazkira of Anand Ram Mukhlis. Finally, after many hours of desperate pleading by the Mughals for mercy, Nadir Shah relented and signalled a halt to the bloodshed by sheathing his battle sword once again.
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The planar effect is emphasized by the wall sheathing, which is flush boarding, tongue-in-groove. The twelve flat pilasters rise with entasis from bases of double torus moldings to stylized Ionic capitals. Two string courses, one at first-floor ceiling height, the other below second-floor window sills, establish a horizontal orientation to balance the strong upward thrust of the pilasters. Four stone steps lead up to the double front door in the central bay of the pavilion.
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Trees are up to 12 m tall. Bark is smooth, and dark brown in color; blaze white. Leaves simple, opposite, decussate; petiole 0.6-1.5 cm long, canaliculate, sheathing at base, glabrous; lamina 6.5-15 x 3.5-8 cm, usually elliptic, sometimes narrow obovate, apex acute to acuminate, base attenuate; coriaceous or subcoriaceous, glabrous; secondary_nerves 6-8 pairs; tertiary_nerves obscure. Flowers show inflorescence and are dioecious; male flowers in fascicles, axillary; female flowers larger than male, solitary, axillary.
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This second expansion involved the south façade and produced the church's exterior form that continues to this day. The original south facade with its partial tower was demolished to make way for a 40' extension. This provided for an enlarged vestibule, a choir loft, a new south façade with a rose window, and a proper tower with a slated- covered steeple topped by a Celtic cross. In 1953, the slate was replaced by the current copper sheathing.
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A power cable is an electrical cable, an assembly of one or more electrical conductors, usually held together with an overall sheath. The assembly is used for transmission of electrical power. Power cables may be installed as permanent wiring within buildings, buried in the ground, run overhead, or exposed. Power cables that are bundled inside thermoplastic sheathing and that are intended to be run inside a building are known as NM-B (nonmetallic sheathed building cable).
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This sheathing mantle can be up to 40 µm thick, with hyphae extending up to several centimeters into the surrounding soil. The hyphal network helps the plant to take up nutrients including water and minerals, often helping the host plant to survive adverse conditions. In exchange, the fungal symbiont is provided with access to carbohydrates. Well known EcM fungal fruiting bodies include the economically important and edible truffle (Tuber) and the deadly death caps and destroying angels (Amanita).
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Roof shingles made with asbestos. These asbestos wall shingles were partially removed exposing the felt paper, diagonal sheathing, strapping, and log corner notching. Image: Historic American Buildings Survey Asbestos shingles are roof or wall shingles made with asbestos cement board. They often resemble slate shingles and were mass-produced during the 20th century as these were more resilient to weathering than traditional slate shingles for the reason that slate is very soft and prone to weathering.
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Its hull was sheathed with lead plates fixed with bronze nails. Roman naval cataphract warships were protected on their sides by a layer of tarred and lead sheathing. Although this does not provide much protection from ramming, it does provide protection from damage while at sea for lengthy periods of time. A few Norse longships were reinforced with iron armour along the waterline as early as the 11th Century, such as the Iron Beard of Eric Hakonsson of Norway.
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A clock face is centered on all four sides of the tower from the 25th through 27th floors. Each clock face is in diameter, while the numerals on the clock faces are four feet (1.2 m) tall. The numerals and minute markers on the clock faces are edged with copper, while the minute and hour hands are made of iron with a copper sheathing. The minute hands weigh and are long, while the hour hands weigh and are long.
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James Havens Homestead is a historic home located at Shelter Island in Suffolk County, New York. The house was built in 1743 and expanded in the early- mid-19th century. It is a large wood-frame building with wood-shingle sheathing, broad gable roof, wraparound porch, and rear wings. The main section includes a two-story, three-bay side-entrance-hall dwelling which was enlarged to four bays with a wide two-story, one-bay addition.
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Copper plating and copper sheathing for ships' hulls was widespread; the ships of Christopher Columbus were among the earliest to have this feature. The Norddeutsche Affinerie in Hamburg was the first modern electroplating plant starting its production in 1876. The German scientist Gottfried Osann invented powder metallurgy in 1830 while determining the metal's atomic mass; around then it was discovered that the amount and type of alloying element (e.g., tin) to copper would affect bell tones.
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St. Mary's of the Mountain Church was an historic Roman Catholic church on New York State Route 23A in Hunter, Greene County, New York. The church was completed in 1839 and is a one-story, four by two bay, post and beam frame structure on a modern concrete foundation. It features a moderately pitched gable roof, narrow clapboard sheathing, two engaged corner towers, and a Romanesque style engaged entry / bell tower. Also on the property is the parish cemetery.
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A distinguishing feature of A. californicus and A. xanthodermus, however, is a thickened annulus at the margin, a phenolic odor, and a yellowing bruise, instead of red. In the case of Agaricus xanthodermus, it occurs quickly, though faintly to not at all in the case of A. californicus. Another similar species, Agaricus bernardii, also stains red and has white flesh, but differentiates on its larger bulk, a sheathing veil, briny odor, and different habitat, namely grass.
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Mag Blue House is a historic home near Laurinburg, Scotland County, North Carolina. It was built in 1836, and is a 1 1/2-story, five bay by three bay, frame Coastal Cottage form dwelling, with Federal style decorative elements. It has a one-story gabled roof kitchen/dining room wing. It features a dominant gable roof that extends to shelter the full-width front porch, flush sheathing across the porch facade, and a hall-and-parlor plan.
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Despite Mercer not wanting any composite locks, due to measures to economize on the last 50 miles of construction, and the scarcity of good building stone, Locks 58–71 were constructed as composite locks, whereby the lock masonry is built of rubble and inferior undressed stone. Since that makes a rough surface which damages the boats, the locks were originally lined with wood to protect the boats. This wood sheathing had to be replaced.Kytle p. 71-72.
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However, the final proposal called for a $366 million temporary stadium to be built in Washington Park. The stadium would have been replaced by a 10,000 seat multi-use venue after the games. The smaller post-Olympic stadium would have been more in line with public interest in restoring the historic park after the games. The new stadium would have featured a high-tech reflective sheathing material to accommodate huge TV picture projections on its outside walls.
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The stair brackets of the staircase in the central hallway feature carved floral decorations and moldings, while the doors leading to the two main rooms are surmounted by pediments. The house includes ornate mantels and woodwork on first and second floors. The cupola is reached from the attic by a "barrel stair," a spiral stair framed within vertical wood sheathing that looks like a large barrel. The house lot was originally more spacious, extending to Edenton Bay.
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He fitted the skis, and removed the wings and most of the sheathing to save weight. In his official account of the expedition, The Home of the Blizzard, Mawson wrote that the advantages of this "air-tractor sledge" were expected to be "speed, steering control, and comparative safety from crevasses owing to the great length of the runners".Mawson (1996), p. 243 No longer needing a pilot, and believing him to be responsible for the crash, Mawson dismissed Watkins.
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In order to further reduce the logistical requirements (and construction costs) of the new gunboats, a number of other decisions were taken which seemed almost willfully anachronistic. They had copper sheathing to protect their hulls against fouling in tropical seas. With minimal machinery, old-fashioned human strength on the capstan was required to raise the anchors, and a functional ship's wheel was provided to turn the rudder. All lighting came from candles rather than light bulbs.
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Capitulum mitella has a short leathery stalk or peduncle supporting an upper region or capitulum, the whole being up to long. The peduncle is muscular and contractile and its surface is covered with fine scales. The capitulum is protected by eight large, sheathing scales and a ring of about twenty tiny scales surround the joint of capitulum and peduncle. Inside these scales is a cavity containing the head and thorax of the animal and its appendages.
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Allahverdi Khan was buried in an exquisite tomb at Mashhad. His tomb was built next to the Imam Reza shrine as a unique way of respect, which reflects his standing and status in the Safavid empire. The tomb still stands to this day; it is an elegant two-storied octagonal structure with marble slabs and tiles sheathing the interior. Allahverdi also had another son named Daud Khan, who would later serve as the governor of Ganja and Karabakh.
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It was built in about 1837, and is a two-story, "L"-plan, heavy timber-framed dwelling with modest Greek Revival style detailing. It is set on a stone foundation, has a front gable roof, and is sheathed in narrow clapboard sheathing. It was built by Rev John J. Aiken, Presbyterian minister and agent with the American Bible Society. Note: This includes and Accompanying photographs It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 20, 2013.
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The Old House uses load-bearing log lower exterior walls with a log pole interior framework supporting seven stories, six of which are the roof structure. The upper gable walls are of milled lumber framing with shingle sheathing. The front slope of the shingled roof is accented by shed and gabled dormers, some of which are purely decorative. Both interior and exterior framing is supported by twisted or curved branches, giving the entire structure a strongly rustic air.
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Pilote shared with a number of other vessels in the proceeds of the taking of the Union American, and the retaking of the brig Industry. In April 1781 Pilote was at Plymouth again where she underwent copper sheathing. In 1781 Pilote captured the Dutch vessel Linderbloom. Pilote was under the command of Lieutenant Charles Seymour Lynn on 5 December 1782 when she captured the Dutch ship Fortunée. She was paid off in May 1783 and then Lynn recommissioned her.
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Titanium sheathing was used in the Frederic C. Hamilton Building in Denver, Colorado. Because of titanium's superior strength and light weight relative to other metals (steel, stainless steel, and aluminium), and because of recent advances in metalworking techniques, its use has become more widespread in the manufacture of firearms. Primary uses include pistol frames and revolver cylinders. For the same reasons, it is used in the body of laptop computers (for example, in Apple's PowerBook line).
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The Morris A. Knight House is a two-story, wood-framed, Queen Anne house with asymmetrical massing. It displays a variety of window shapes and sizes, a varying roofline, and a mix of shingle and clapboard sheathing. The front facade is asymmetrical, with a projecting two-bay section on one side contains two twelve-over-one double hung sash window units on each floor. A gable roof with casement windows and a sunburst carving tops the bays.
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Also, the legs are sharpened with an inside bevel point, causing them to tend to go outwards when forced into the base material. These staples are used for upholstery work, especially in vehicles, where they are used for fastening fabric or leather to a foam base. These staples are also used when installing fiberglass insulation batts around air ducts- the FSK paper sheathing is overlapped, and the two layers are stapled together before sealing with tape.
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Ocean was relieved in turn by in 1872, but drew too much water to pass through the Suez Canal. The Admiralty therefore ordered that she return home via the Cape of Good Hope using steam. The ship's bottom was very foul and she averaged only 4.5 knots (8.3 km/h) during the voyage. Ocean had lost a lot of sheathing during her time in the Far East and much of her planking was in a bad state.
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The gable is finished in clapboard except for its peak area, which has applied Stick style woodwork. The tower section has a double door flanked by sash windows, with a flared section leading to the tower's first stage, which has a single rose window. Above this is an arcade of blind arches, above which a band of half rounds are set beneath the roof. The interior of the church has stained patterned narrow board sheathing on its walls.
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Manuka was used for the stringers, studs, caps and sills; manuka fascines, bound with wire, for the decking and sheathing; and logs for wheelguards. Some attention was next given to the track leading over the hill into Tokomaru Bay. When the council raised a loan of NZ£10,000 for road works in 1901 very considerable improvements were made to the inland route. By February 1902, drays could make the journey from Tolaga Bay to Tokomaru Bay.
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The ships of the Leipzig class were long at the waterline and long overall. They had a beam of and a draft of forward and aft. They displaced as designed and up to at full load. The ships' hulls were constructed with transverse and longitudinal iron frames, with two layers of wood planking and a layer of copper sheathing to protect the hulls from biofouling on long-distance cruises where periodic maintenance would not be possible.
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In the words of the Tazkira: Muhammad Shah was forced to beg for mercy.Axworthy p.8 These horrific events were recorded in contemporary chronicles such as the Tarikh-e-Hindi of Rustam Ali, the Bayan-e-Waqai of Abdul Karim and the Tazkira of Anand Ram Mukhlis. Finally, after many hours of desperate pleading by the Mughals for mercy, Nader Shah relented and signalled a halt to the bloodshed by sheathing his battle sword once again.
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The inflorescence is a raceme with from one to eight resupinate flowers on an erect stem up to high. Each flower has a sheathing bract around its short stalk and is brownish, reddish and green. The dorsal sepal is lance-shaped, about long and forms a hood over and close to the column. The two lateral sepals are similar to the two petals, stiff and leathery, about long, narrow and with their edges often rolled inwards.
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Representatives of the lycopods have survived to the present day. By the end of the Devonian period, several groups, including the lycopods, sphenophylls and progymnosperms, had independently evolved "megaspory" – their spores were of two distinct sizes, larger megaspores and smaller microspores. Their reduced gametophytes developed from megaspores retained within the spore-producing organs (megasporangia) of the sporophyte, a condition known as endospory. Seeds consist of an endosporic megasporangium surrounded by one or two sheathing layers (integuments).
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Friends of Suai. An East Timorese man in traditional attire, including tais mane Traditional Timorese culture is supported by growing, cutting, tying, knotting, weaving, dying and sheathing a variety of fibres, grasses and leaves for ceremonial and practical purposes. The weaving of the tais plays an integral role in Timorese life and especially women's lives: shaping identity and attitudes towards them. Before the introduction of currency and after, the tais has been used as a valued object of exchange in gifting and ceremonies.
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Fortune and Annibal were the only two ships in the squadron not to have a copper sheathing. She took part in the Battle of Porto Praya, where she captured the fireship HMS Infernal; however, Suffren then ordered Lusignan to bring orders to the French transports, and he abandoned Infernal after taking her captain and 15 men prisoners. Infernal returned to Porto Praya harbour. On 21 August 1782, Ilustre and Saint-Michel arrived at Batacalo, making their junction with the squadron under Suffren.
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During the Age of Sail, ships' hulls were under frequent attack by shipworm (which affected the structural strength of timbers), and barnacles and various marine weeds (which affected ship speed).McKee, A. in Bass (ed.) 1972, p.235 Since before the common era, a variety of coatings had been applied to hulls to counter this effect, including pitch, wax, tar, oil, sulfur and arsenic. In the mid 18th century copper sheathing was developed as a defense against such bottom fouling.
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First Congregational Church is a historic Congregational church located at the corner of Wade and C Streets in Mount Pleasant, Cabarrus County, North Carolina. It was built between 1918 and 1921, and consists of a one-story side gable nave; a two-stage tower; a small, gabled-roof wing that is commonly referred to as the "serving room;" and two concrete additions. The church features stone sheathing and Gothic Revival style design details. The church served the African-American community of Mount Pleasant.
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As built she was fitted with a Corliss gasoline engine and an electric lighting system. She had two 60' high masts, and carried nine halibut dories. The construction was very strong, with 4x4 ½ inch oak frames, each set six inches apart, and sheathed with planking three inches (76 mm) thick, covered with another layer of ironbark sheathing. The schooner was divided into four watertight compartments, her hull was heavily braced, and her bow was nosed with steel plates for ice work.
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Charles Frederick "Charley" Hunt (1852 – 3 April 1941), was owner of Invincible (which he bought from McCulloch, and rebuilt 1889) 1887–1917 and her (or their) skipper 1887–1892. He bought the Freetrader wreck, salvaged her machinery and copper sheathing and left the hulk where she lay, but was later called on to clear away her derelict hull, thus losing on the speculation. In 1918 he retired to St. Kilda, Victoria. He was married to Agnes Mary (died 20 October 1947).
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Union Chapel is a historic Methodist chapel located in Shelter Island Heights, Suffolk County, New York. It was built in 1875 and is a wood-frame structure with wood-shingle sheathing. The chapel's main three-bay facade has a -story bell tower with a double-door center entrance at its base; a small porch shelters the entry. It is the most important extant structure associated with the Shelter Island Heights Grove and Camp Meeting Association, a Methodist camp established in 1872.
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Dome builders using cut-board sheathing material (common in the 1960s and 1970s) find it hard to seal domes against rain, because of their many seams. Also, these seams may be stressed because ordinary solar heat flexes the entire structure each day as the sun moves across the sky. Subsequent addition of straps and interior flexible drywall finishes has virtually eliminated this movement being noticed in the interior finishes. The most effective waterproofing method with a wooden dome is to shingle the dome.
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Its thermal resistance is also superior to that of PA 12. It is used in high-performance applications like automotive fuel lines, pneumatic airbrake tubing, electrical cable antitermite sheathing, flexible oil and gas pipes, control fluid umbilicals, sports shoes, electronic device components, and catheters. A similar plastic is Polyamide 410 (PA 410), derived 70% from castor oil, under the trade name EcoPaXX, commercialized by DSM. PA 410 is a high-performance polyamide that combines the benefits of a high melting point (approx.
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In the pressure-equalized system the ventilation openings must be large enough to allow air-flow to equalize the pressure on both sides of the cladding. A ratio of 10:1 cladding leakage area to ventilation area has been suggested. A water/air resistant membrane is placed between the furring and the sheathing to prevent rain water from entering the wall structure. The membrane directs water away and toward special drip edge flashings which protect other parts of the building.
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On 10 September 1973, she collided with the Icelandic gunboat Thor (Þór),The National Archives - Piece reference ADM 330/80 and had her bows damaged. She spent the rest of the month on dry dock for repairs at Chatham. She was then assigned to the standby squadron but was recommissioned in 1976 for service in Icelandic waters again for the Third Cod War. To protect her bows and stern from damage from collisions with Icelandic gunboats, she was fitted with heavy wooden sheathing.
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The original wood dome, which leaked, was covered with copper in 1802 by Paul Revere's Revere Copper Company. Revere was the first American to roll copper successfully into sheets (for copper sheathing) in a commercially viable manner. The dome was first painted gray and then light yellow before being gilded with gold leaf in 1874. During World War II, the dome was painted gray once again, to prevent reflection during blackouts and to protect the city and building from bombing attacks.
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Wurmbea dioica is a herb that typically grows to a height of and has three linear to thread-like or tapering leaves long and wide with a sheathing base. Individual plants may have male- only, female-only or both male and female flowers and sometimes bisexual flowers. There are up to fifteen flowers on each plant, each with six elliptic white tepals long. Each tepal has a purple to greenish or white nectary band one-quarter to half the length from its base.
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At one point early in The Curse of Monkey Island, he makes a "yikes" face after sheathing a bread knife down his pants. A similar concept is evident in Sonic the Hedgehog, most notably in the person of Amy Rose, who actually materializes hammers from Hammerspace. Characters from the Kingdom Hearts series are also capable of materializing weapons from thin air and making them disappear again, notably in the case of main character Sora and his Keyblade. In New Super Mario Bros.
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Club members provided the labour and often donated the supplies. Club members erected the three-level clubhouse on a rocky hillside, out of a wood frame, plywood sheathing, and ribbed metal the colour of tree trunks during the summer and fall of 1978 for $21,000.Allan Richens "The Early Years of the Gatineau River Yacht Club" in Up the Gatineau! The yacht club hosts social events such as sleigh drives, tea and fashion shows, and "Hawaiian Night" theme parties, Box Socials.
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Below the waterline, they were covered with a layer of wood and copper sheathing to protect them from biofouling on extended voyages overseas, where they would not have reliable access to shipyard facilities. The ships had a flush deck and a minimal superstructure, consisting primarily of a small conning tower. They had three pole masts, though one was later removed from each vessel. The ships' propulsion system consisted of a pair of vertical triple-expansion steam engines driving two screw propellers.
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The Bowling Eldridge House, also known as Ridgecrest, is a historic plantation house located near Lynchburg, Bedford County, Virginia. It was built between 1822 and 1828, and is a two-story, five bay dwelling of mortise-and-tenon frame construction. It has a gable roof with metal sheathing, exterior gable- end brick chimneys, a brick foundation, and beaded weatherboard siding. There is also an integral or earlier two-story ell with an exterior gable-end brick chimney and a pent room.
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The facades of the Empire Building are arranged in three sections, consisting of a four-story "base", a "shaft", and a four-story "capital" on top, similar to the components of a column. This was a common setup for facades of buildings that were being erected in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The original design called for architectural terracotta sheathing, but the Potter family, which developed the Empire Building, switched to granite because they felt the material was "more suitable".
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The roof was characterised by timber sarking and slate sheathing. Roofing over the hall/library was replaced in 1989 after a fire. As part of the 1907 addition, the gabled entrance was relocated to the east end of the new building, while it was originally located at the northeast porch area. The entrance has Corinthian pilasters and displays the original crest of Canterbury College above the architrave, demonstrating the links that the school had with the university at its previous site.
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Each leaf is usually divided into three different parts: # The vaginant laminae (or lamina vera) is a boat-shaped or sheathing part of the leaf. The central cells of vaginant lamina somewhat more regularly arranged than ventral and dorsal laminae. The cells in this section are a little longer than wide, up to 12 micrometres wide. # The ventral lamina (or the apical lamina): the part of the leaf apical to the vaginant laminae on the upper side of the costa.
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The Cambridge Modern History, pp. 6:379-380 The sailing qualities of their ships (in particular the use of copper sheathing) enabled the British to decline an action. The Spanish Navy struggled to build faster ships to avoid these situations such as that of the Battle of Cape St. Vincent – the Moonlight Battle - two years before, when Rodney's coppered 18-ship fleet chased down and engaged de Lángara's 11-ship fleet. The Spanish Navy had been slow to begin coppering its own vessels.
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The family consists of shrubs or small trees usually with volatile aromatic compounds. The leaves are evergreen, simple, alternate, spiral (sometimes crowded towards the tips of the twigs), leathery, petiolate, pinnately veined, non-sheathing, gland-dotted or not gland-dotted; also are aromatic, or without marked odour. The lamina is entire. The flowers are hermaphrodite, and usually showy, ranging in size from small to large, and composed of numerous distinct parts that change grade slightly as they spiral around the receptacle.
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In March 1793 two Saint Malo merchants fitted her out and commissioned her as the privateer corvette Duguay-Trouin. A 1793 prospectus from her owners advertised her as having "steel sheathing", which Demerliac conjectures might have been an armour belt at her waterline. On her first cruise in 1793 under Captain Dufresne Le Gué, she captured two merchant vessels, Bonne Espérence and the 520 ton (bm) of London. Albermarle was returning to London from Bombay and Duguay-Trouin set her into Morlaix.
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After the war, Hawkins began work on new and improved insulation for telephone cables. Prior to this work, underground and underwater cables, which were laid over incredibly long distances, were covered with fiber wrapped in heavy, expensive lead sheathing. Scientists believed that new, cheap, lightweight plastics like polyethylene would be a good alternative, but common plastics could undergo chemical reactions that made them brittle and unsuitable for long-term use outdoors. Thus protective additives were required to stabilize these plastic materials.
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Charlestown Navy Yard's commandant Isaac Hull directed a refitting of Constitution to prepare her for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron in April 1820. They removed Joshua Humphreys' diagonal riders to make room for two iron freshwater tanks, and they replaced the copper sheathing and timbers below the waterline.Martin (1997), p. 210. At the direction of Secretary of the Navy Smith Thompson, she was also subjected to an unusual experiment in which manually operated paddle wheels were fitted to her hull.
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The Grand Canyon Inn building is a single-story structure measuring about by with irregular extensions to the rear and a smaller projection to the front. The rustic building is a "studs-out" structure with the sheathing on the inside of the exposed structural framing. The corners are marked by peeled log posts, similar to those supporting the large porch across the building's front, which has been enclosed. The building features clerestory windows between the porch roof and the main roof.
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Cheirolepidiaceae is a family of extinct coniferous plants that had a global distribution 259.0 to 61.7 . This family of conifers, superficially similar to Cupressaceae, was a significant part of the flora of the Mesozoic, around . They are united by the possession of a distinctive pollen type assigned to the form genus Classopollis. The name Frenelopsidaceae (as a separate family) or "frenelopsids" has been used for a group of Cheirolepidiaceae with jointed stems, thick internode cuticles, sheathing leaf bases and reduced free leaf tips.
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40 Since the Tuareg have an aversion to touching iron, the takoba's hilt, like many iron implements, is fully covered. Typically the simple but deep crossguard is of iron sheet, or iron-framed wood, covered in tooled leather, and occasionally sheathed in brass or silver; the grip is also often leather-covered but the pommel is always of metal, often brass or copper, sometimes iron or silver.Spring, p. 30 Alternatively the whole hilt can be covered in brass or silver sheathing.
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Howard was in partnership with Francis Watson invention for sheathing hulls with lead. They were granted a patent of monopoly for 14 years in 1668, but sought an extension to 31 years, which required a private Act. History of Parliament Online - Howard, Philip From 1671 to 1674 Howard was receiver of hearth-tax for Kent and farmer of excise in South Wales. He was a JP for Kent from 1672 to his death and commissioner for assessment for Westminster from 1673 to 1674.
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Phreatia micrantha is an epiphytic or lithophytic herb with a stem that gradually increases in length with between four and ten leaves in two ranks, the leaves long and wide in a fan-like arrangement sheathing the stem. A large number of white, cup-shaped, resupinate flowers long and wide are arranged along a thin, wiry flowering stem long. The sepals are about long and wide the petals slightly shorter and narrower. The labellum is about long and wide and turned downwards.
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Orchids in the genus Octarrhena are small epiphytic, lithophytic or terrestrial herbs with thin roots and short stems with short, thick, fleshy leaves, their bases sheathing the stem. A large number of tiny, usually white, cream-coloured, yellowish or greenish flowers are arranged on a flowering stem arising from a leaf axil. The sepals and petals are free from each other, the petals usually much smaller than the sepals. The labellum is small, unlobed, rigidly fixed to the column and lacks a spur.
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After undergoing some repairs at Gibraltar Neptune sailed to Britain, arriving at Portsmouth on 6 December 1805, where she was paid off. She was moved to Spithead in 1806, but was back in Portsmouth on 23 November, and was moved into a dock on 24 March 1807 to undergo a refit. The refit lasted until November 1807 and involved having her copper sheathing removed and her hull refitted. She was then recoppered, having had a sum of £29,053 expended on her.
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Galvanic corrosion was not understood at that time, but the phenomenon prepared Davy's mind for subsequent experiments on ship's copper sheathing. Gregory Watt, son of James Watt, visited Penzance for his health's sake, and while lodging at the Davy's house became a friend and gave him instructions in chemistry. Davy was acquainted with the Wedgwood family, who spent a winter at Penzance. Thomas Beddoes and John Hailstone were engaged in a geological controversy on the rival merits of the Plutonian and Neptunist hypotheses.
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She was then sent out to the East Indies under Suffren. Fortune and Annibal were the only two ships in the squadron not to have a copper sheathing. At the Battle of Porto Praya, her captain, Achille de Trémigon, failed to understand Suffren's intentions to illegally attack the British fleet without consideration for the Portuguese neutrality, and followed Héros into the harbour unprepared for battle. Trémigon was killed by a cannonball that struck his leg, and First Officer Morard de Galles assumed command.
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The tornado then reached its peak strength as it tore through the rural community of Cantwell Mill, where a large, anchor-bolted cabin was completely swept away and reduced to a bare slab, with little debris recovered. While this structure was well-anchored, surveyors noted some minor structural defects including lack of external sheathing and flawed stud-to-sill plate nailing, while nearby trees sustained only partial debarking. It was also noted that a vehicle may have impacted the structure as the tornado struck.
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The Edward Dodge House is a historic house at 70 Sparks Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The 2-1/2 story wood frame house was built in 1878 to a design by Longfellow and Clark. It has asymmetrical massing typical of Queen Anne styling, and also has a style of half-timbering on its upper levels that was popular in England in the 1860s. The exterior surfaces have a variety of textures, create by different sheathing types, including vertical boards, wood paneling, and brick patternwork.
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William Eames, one of its founders and the uncle of architect Charles Eames, was president of the American Institute of Architects in from 1904 until 1905. Built in 1906 and 1907, the building was designed to be fireproof, with steel-frame and hollow tile floors, and with brick and terra cotta sheathing. Its main facades are north on Washington Avenue, with 15 bays, and south on St. Charles Street. Its east and west facades are also exposed and are similar to the Washington Avenue facade.
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A plywood, stitch and glue (S&G;) doesn't need fiberglass sheathing though some builders do. Three main types are popular, especially for the home builder: Stitch & Glue, Strip-Built, and hybrids which have a stitch & glue hull and a strip-built deck. Stitch & Glue designs typically use modern, marine-grade plywood — eighth-inch, or up to quarter-inch, thick. After cutting out the required pieces of hull and deck (kits often have these pre- cut), a series of small holes are drilled along the edges.
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A corrugated iron shed Metal sheds made from thin sheet metal sheathing (galvanized steel, aluminium, or corrugated iron) attached to a metal frame. Metal sheds are a good choice when long-term strength and resistance to fire, rot, or termites is desired. However, metal sheds may rust over time, particularly if they are constructed from steel that is not galvanized. Be aware that concrete is highly corrosive so care needs to be taken when assembling your shed to avoid contact with the outside panels.
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On 18 May 1788, Captain Redmayne of Minerva was sailing from Jamaica to Liverpool when she encountered Countess of Galvez, Reed, master. Countess was 12 days out of New Orleans and the day before had grounded on grounded on Mantanza Reef in nine feet of water. Reed had about 100 bales of hides thrown overboard and that lightened Countess enough that she was able to get over the reef. He reported that she had lost a great part of her sheathing but had started no leaks.
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The number of tiers ranged from two to seven, with a shrine or temple at the summit. Access to the shrine was provided by a series of ramps on one side of the ziggurat or by a spiral ramp from base to summit. It has been suggested that ziggurats were built to resemble mountains, but there is little textual or archaeological evidence to support that hypothesis. Classical ziggurats emerged in the Neo-Sumerian Period with articulated buttresses, vitreous brick sheathing, and entasis in the elevation.
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The roof was made out of tongue and groove plywood, covered by copper sheathing. Landscape architect Michael Hough overlaid a scale model of the University of Toronto's walking paths onto the Ontario Place plans to check for appropriate walking distances. This ensured that comfortable rest areas were placed appropriately so that children and the elderly would not need to walk too far without a comfortable seat. Ontario Place operated a rubber-wheeled tractor train and a boat to take visitors between key points on the various islands.
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Orchids in the genus Rhizanthella are mostly underground, perennial, sympodial, mycotrophic herbs with fleshy underground stems which produce new shoots at nodes where there are colourless leaf-like cataphylls. There are no roots and new tubers form at the end of short stems. The leaves are reduced to scale-like structures lacking chlorophyll, pressed against and sheathing the stems. The inflorescence is a head containing many flowers and is held at, or just above ground level but the head is usually covered with leaf litter or soil.
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Studs form walls and may carry vertical structural loads or be non load-bearing, such as in partition walls, which only separate spaces. They hold in place the windows, doors, interior finish, exterior sheathing or siding, insulation and utilities and help give shape to a building. Studs run from sill plate to wall plate. In modern construction, studs are fastened to the plates in a way, such as using ties, to prevent the building from being lifted off the foundation by severe wind or earthquake.
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Morphologically the subfamily is characterised by having 6 tepals and 6 stamens with a superior ovary, a characteristic which placed them within the older order of Liliales in many older classification systems, such as the Cronquist system, but they now separate from them within the Asparagales order. They have also been included in the family Liliaceae. Roots: contractile and mucilaginous. Leaves: fleshy and mucilaginous arranged in a basal rosette, alternate and spiral, simple, margin entire, with parallel venation, sheathing at the base, without stipules and hair simple.
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Much of this commentary was positive, reflecting an optimism about technology and the direction of urban life in general. Skyscrapers were seen as an expression of rational engineering, the perfect buildings for mankind to live in, as celebrated in artist Louis Lozowick's lithographs.; Some other proponents of skyscrapers likened them to medieval cathedrals, symbols of the modern age. Poems depicted skyscrapers as objects of sublime, rational beauty, Ferris describing them as "buildings like crystals, walls of translucent glass, sheer glass blocks sheathing a steel grill".
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Petrorhagia dubia is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common name hairy pink. It is native to southern Europe and the Mediterranean Basin, but it is known on other continents, including Australia and North and South America, as an introduced species and sometimes a weed. It is an annual herb growing 25 to 60 centimeters tall, but known to reach 90 centimeters in height. The leaves are up to 6 centimeters long, sheathing the stem at the bases.
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A joist is a horizontal structural member used in framing to span an open space, often between beams that subsequently transfer loads to vertical members. When incorporated into a floor framing system, joists serve to provide stiffness to the subfloor sheathing, allowing it to function as a horizontal diaphragm. Joists are often doubled or tripled, placed side by side, where conditions warrant, such as where wall partitions require support. Joists are either made of wood, engineered wood, or steel, each of which have unique characteristics.
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Floor joists and > bridging, sub-flooring, finished flooring, studs, rafters, sheathing, > clapboards, shingles, stucco, plaster or drywall, columns, railings, doors > and windows, hardware, nails, and paint for two exterior coats were included > in the order. Plumbing, electrical, and heating systems were available for > an additional charge. Although the lumber and hardware were standardized, > the designs were not and buyers were encouraged to personalize their order. > Many models had two or three floor plans, while the exterior could be > clapboards, shingles, stucco, or framed for brick.
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The Treasury Department favored neoclassicism as the appropriate architectural style for most of the federal buildings constructed during this time period. However, the Mission-style variations on the building are used to moderate the rigid neoclassical lines while acknowledging the local building tradition. The decoration of the building is understated, but the primary (south) facade of the building is the most elaborate in ornament and detail. It is lavishly finished with terracotta sheathing, which is contrasted by small amounts of brickwork in the two end bays.
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Emmanuel Philibert. Via Roma crosses one of the main squares of the city: the pedestrianized Piazza San Carlo, built by Carlo di Castellamonte in the 17th century. In the middle of the square stands the equestrian monument to Emmanuel Philibert, also known as Caval ëd Brons in local dialect ("Bronze Horse"); the monument depicts the Duke sheathing his sword after the Battle of St. Quentin. Piazza San Carlo arcades host the most ancient cafés of the city, such as Caffé Torino and Caffé San Carlo.
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The pair employed J. Frederick Kelly (1888–1947), a prominent architectural historian from New Haven, to supervise the restoration of the house in 1934. Kelly installed seventeenth-century style casement windows, replaced wall sheathing and floors, and even reversed the orientation of the first-floor staircase to return the house to its "original" colonial appearance. Kelly, along with everyone else, erroneously dated the house to 1660, a misconception that affected its restoration under Kelly's direction. This error was discovered and corrected in the 1980s.
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These wooden cars had steel sheathing for additional strength, and became known as the Bradfield cars. Some Bradfield cars were converted to parcel vans after accidents. Other Bradfield cars were rebuilt to resemble Standard suburban (1927-type) cars in the 1960s, to prolong their lives until new double-deck cars could be delivered to replace them. The last Bradfield power-cars were withdrawn from service in 1975. C3045 is preserved static at the NSW Rail Museum, Thirlmere, while C3082 has been retained by RailCorp.
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Some species, especially in ponds and very slow-moving waters, have floating leaves which tend to be opaque with a leathery texture. Leaf shape has been found to be highly plastic, with variability due to changes in light, water chemistry, planting depth, sediment conditions, temperature, photo period, waves, and seasonality. All Potamogeton have a delicate membranous sheathing scale, the stipule, at the leaf axil. This may be wholly attached, partly attached, or free of the leaf, and it may have inrolled margins or appear as a tube.
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Among patients with ocular Behçet's disease funduscopic findings of optic atrophy, and optic disc paleness have been identified with a frequency of 17.9 percent and 7.4 percent, respectively. Other fundoscopic findings include vascular sheathing (23.7%), retinal hemorrhage (9%), macular edema (11.3%), branch retinal vein occlusion (5.8%), and retinal edema (6.6%). However, optic atrophy was the most significant cause of visual impairment identified in 54 percent of patients with ocular Behçet's disease and permanent visual impairment. The prevalence of this disease increases from North to South.
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Early plants used very large lead-lined wooden rectangular chambers (Faulding box chambers) that were cooled by ambient air. The internal lead sheathing served to contain the corrosive sulfuric acid and to render the wooden chambers waterproof. Around the turn of the nineteenth century, such plants required about half a cubic meter of volume to process the sulfur dioxide equivalent of a kilogram of burned sulfur. In the mid-19th century, French chemist Joseph Louis Gay- Lussac redesigned the chambers as stoneware packed masonry cylinders.
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Floor joists and > bridging, sub-flooring, finished flooring, studs, rafters, sheathing, > clapboards, shingles, stucco, plaster or drywall, columns, railings, doors > and windows, hardware, nails, and paint for two exterior coats were included > in the order. Plumbing, electrical, and heating systems were available for > an additional charge. Although the lumber and hardware were standardized, > the designs were not and buyers were encouraged to personalize their order. > Many models had two or three floor plans, while the exterior could be > clapboards, shingles, stucco, or framed for brick.
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The local community has also taken many steps to prevent and protect against future wildfires, including removing vegetation around buildings to increase defensible space, replacing roof and sheathing materials (e.g. cedar shakes) with less flammable materials, and continued thinning and reduction of fuels in unburned wooded areas in and around town, particularly in the canyons below populated mesas. A new book on the Cerro Grande Fire was published in the summer of 2010. Inferno by Committee () gives a detailed history of the fire and what went wrong.
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The wood shingle roof is steeply pitched with shed roof dormers in the main section and steeply pitched gable dormers on the outer side of the flanking wings. The interior arrangement has not been substantially altered. The first floor features a living room and dining room connected by a hallway, which itself features nooks furnished with bookshelf-partitions on its north and south sides, featuring decorative fir tree designs. Columns and beams are dressed and trimmed, with rough-hewn ceiling joists supporting diagonal ceiling sheathing.
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A typical timber shear wall consists of braced panels in the wall line, constructed using structural plywood sheathing, specific nailing at the edges, and supporting framing.In structural engineering, a shear wall is a vertical element of a seismic force resisting system that is designed to resist in- plane lateral forces, typically wind and seismic loads. In many jurisdictions, the International Building Code and International Residential Code govern the design of shear walls. A shear wall resists loads parallel to the plane of the wall.
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Before DNA testing became available, measurement of serum calcitonin was the most important laboratory test for MEN2B. Calcitonin is produced by the "C" cells of the thyroid, which, because they are always hyperplastic or malignant in MEN2B, produce more calcitonin than normal. Calcitonin levels remain a valuable marker to detect recurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy. Luxol fast blue staining identifies myelin sheathing of some fibers, and lesional cells react immunohistochemically for S-100 protein, collagen type IV, vimentin, NSE, and neural filaments.
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The chief building of the district is Building 725, the South District Office for the park and the former Fish and Wildlife Service messhall. The building was built in 1935 using a "logs out" technique of construction, in which the log frame is exposed on the outside and the sheathing is set in, giving the interior a smooth wall finish. Building 726 was the hatchery itself, built in a similar style about 1930 and transferred to the Park Service in 1959. The one story building encloses about .
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Orchids in the genus Schoenorchis are small epiphytic, monopodial herbs with thin roots, sometimes with branching stems and flat to almost cylindrical leaves with their bases sheathing the thin, fibrous stems. The flowers are small, fleshy, fragrant, often white or reddish purple and do not open widely. The sepals and petals overlap at the base so that the flowers often appear tube-shaped. The labellum is rigidly fixed to the column, usually longer than the petals and has three lobes with a spur at its base.
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Reflective foil laminate is a product commonly used as the radiant barrier sheet. Another method of applying radiant barrier to the roof in new construction is to use a radiant barrier that is pre-laminated to OSB panels or roof sheathing. Manufacturers of this installation method often tout the savings in labor costs in using a product that serves as roof decking and radiant barrier in one. To apply radiant barrier in an existing attic, a radiant barrier may be stapled to the underside of the roof rafters.
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Independence Flagstaff, also known as the Charles F. Murphy Memorial Flagpole, is an outdoor memorial by sculptor Anthony de Francisci, located in Union Square Park in Manhattan, New York, which commemorates the 150th anniversary of the signing of the United States Declaration of Independence. The memorial was cast in 1926 and dedicated on July 4, 1930. It was made of steel, with copper sheathing, and is set on a granite pedestal which includes bronze bas- reliefs and plaques. The monument is in axial alignment with Henry Kirke Brown's statues of George Washington and Abraham Lincoln.
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While many zomes built in the last couple decades have been wood-framed and made use of wood sheathing, much of what Baer himself originally designed and constructed involved metal framing with a sheet-metal outer skin. Zomes have also been used in the artistic, sculptural, and furniture areas. Zomadic, based in San Francisco, CA and founded by Rob Bell, incorporates zome geometry into artistic structures constructed primarily from CNC machined plywood components. Bell is a frequent attendee at Burning Man, a yearly artistic showcase event located in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada.
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The Composite was a New York City Subway car class built from 1903 to 1904 by the Jewett, St. Louis, Wason, and John Stephenson companies for the Interborough Rapid Transit Company and its successor, the New York City Board of Transportation. The Composite derived its name from its build as a "protected wooden car". The car frame was made of steel, while the car body itself was made from wood encased in a layer of copper sheathing. The copper skin was intended to protect the car in the event of a fire in the subway.
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The species are annual or perennial, with a creeping monopodial rhizome with the leaves arranged in two vertical rows, or an erect main shoot with roots at the base and spirally arranged or whorled leaves. The leaves are simple and usually found submerged, though they may be found floating or partially emerse. As with many aquatics they can be very variable in shape – from linear to orbicular, with or without a petiole, and with or without a sheathing base. The flowers are arranged in a forked, spathe-like bract or between two opposite bracts.
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Thanks to this, and the brightness of the CRT, only one projector is needed to project on the entire dome, whereas most full-dome systems require up to six raster projectors, depending on dome size. The projector in the original Digistar was housed in a square pyramid-shaped sheathing. When powered on, the four sides at the tip of the pyramid would recede into the housing, exposing the lens and appearing as a cut-off pyramid. As Digistar II was being developed, many planetaria were sold Digistar LEA projectors.
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Gertrude was a 560-ton copper sheathed ship (originally 453 ton) built at Sunderland in 1841 and owned by Ingham & Co. In 1845 she was changed to 703 tons with yellow metal sheathing. She sailed from Liverpool to Calcutta.Lloyd's Register of Shipping, Wyman and sons, 1846 In 1841 under Captain Thomas Fisher (or T F) Stead RN she was chartered by the New Zealand Company to bring settlers to Port Nicholson. She arrived in Port Nicholson on 30 October 1841 having sailed from Gravesend on 19 June 1841.
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Seagrasses are flowering species, but they can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Reproducing sexually increases genetic variation, which can enhance a plant's ability to adapt to a changing environment, but asexual reproduction requires less effort and is what Z. muelleri typically uses to maintain its population. When reproducing sexually, the plant's flowers form an inflorescence that is enclosed in a spathe (a large sheathing bract that encloses flower clusters in certain plant species). Each shoot can have up to 6 spathes, which contain 4-12 pairs of male and female flowers.
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The copper had performed very well in protecting the hull from invasion by worm, and in preventing the growth of weed, for when in contact with water, the copper produced a poisonous film, composed mainly of oxychloride, that deterred these marine creatures. Furthermore, as this film was slightly soluble it gradually washed away, leaving no way in which marine life could attach itself to the ship. Satisfied that the copper had had the desired effect, the Admiralty introduced copper sheathing on a number of frigates. In 1776 Alarm was resurveyed.
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Built in 1795, the 1-1/2 story farmhouse is a fine example of 18th century vernacular architecture which has remained remarkably intact. Typical features include the 5-bay wide plan, large central chimney, clapboard sheathing, pilasters framing the center door, transom lights, 12/12 sash, corner boards and wide entablature. It is one of six houses in the Steep Brook area considered to be the best representatives of the pre-industrial period of the city's history.MHC Inventory form It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 16, 1983.
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She sailed for England in early 1777 and was refitted and repaired at Plymouth Dockyard before returning to North American waters for the final time. Further refits were conducted at Chatham Dockyard from February to May 1779 and from February to April 1780. These included the copper sheathing of her hull to protect the timbers from shipworm. Mackenzie was replaced in command by Captain Francis Parry, and Lizard was thereafter assigned to service in the English Channel where, on 18 May 1780, she captured the enemy cutter Jackal.
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As she required a new deck, FitzRoy had the upper deck raised considerably, by aft and forward. The Cherokee-class brig-sloops had the reputation of being "coffin brigs", which handled badly and were prone to sinking. By helping the decks to drain more quickly with less water collecting in the gunnels, the raised deck gave Beagle better handling and made her less liable to become top-heavy and capsize. Additional sheathing to the hull added about seven tons to her burthen and perhaps fifteen to her displacement.
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There were three main substances used: White stuff, which was a mixture of whale oil, rosin and brimstone; Black stuff, a mixture of tar and pitch; and Brown stuff, which was simply brimstone added to Black stuff. It was common practice to coat the hull with the selected substance, then cover that with a thin outer layer of wooden planking.Gardiner (ed.) 2004, p. 142 The use of copper sheathing was first suggested by Charles Perry in 1708, though it was rejected by the Navy Board on grounds of high cost and perceived maintenance difficulties.
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In the late 18th to early 19th century, Sir Humphry Davy performed many experiments to determine how to lessen the corrosion that the seawater caused on unprotected copper sheathing. To this end he had various thicknesses of copper submerged on the shore and then measured how much the sea water had degraded each one. Sheets of different metals remained in the seawater for four months and then were examined. Two harbour ships were also used in this test, one with an additional zinc band, the other with an iron one.
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Shadwell fire station manager Paul Hobbs said "The fire spread from the seventh floor via the outside of the building." The blaze spread upwards to engulf 5 storeys damaging flats from the seventh to eleventh storeys. The occupants were at home when smoke started pouring out of the tumble dryer and they alerted fire crews, with the fire later confirmed as being caused by a faulty Indesit branded Whirlpool tumble dryer. Although the appliance was the original source of ignition for the fire, the building's flammable external sheathing caused the conflagration.
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The term cable originally referred to a nautical line of specific length where multiple ropes are combined to produce a strong thick line that was used to anchor large ships. As electric technology developed, people changed from using bare copper wire to using groupings of wires and various sheathing and shackling methods that resembled the mechanical cabling so the term was adopted for electrical wiring. In the 19th century and early 20th century, electrical cable was often insulated using cloth, rubber or paper. Plastic materials are generally used today, except for high-reliability power cables.
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H.]: University Press of New England, 1984. p. 41. Common purlins are typically "trenched through" the top sides (backs) of principal rafters and carry vertical roof sheathing (the key to identifying this type of roof system). Common purlin roofs in North America are found in areas settled by the English and may have been a new invention in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. No examples of framed buildings with common purlin roofs have been reported in England, however some stone barns in England have vertically boarded, common purlin roofs.
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The Tenney Homestead is a historic First Period house in Stow, Massachusetts. This 2-1/2 story timber frame house dates to the first quarter of the 18th century, and has two distinctive characteristics. The first, its large central chimney, which is stone at its lower levels and brick from the attic up, is one of only a small number of surviving period houses in Middlesex County to use stone. The second is a section of horizontal sheathing that shows evidence of the application of paint by a sponge.
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Like most French warships of the period, the Catinat-class cruisers' hulls had a pronounced ram bow, tumblehome shape, and a short forecastle deck. Below the waterline, the hulls were covered in a layer of wood and copper sheathing to protect them from biofouling on long voyages overseas. The ships had a minimal superstructure, consisting primarily of a small conning tower and a bridge. They were originally to have been fitted with heavy military masts, but during construction, these were replaced with lighter pole masts with spotting tops for observation and signaling purposes.
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Furthermore, as this film was slightly soluble, it gradually washed away, leaving no way for marine life to attach itself to the ship. From about 1770, the Royal Navy set about coppering the bottoms of the entire fleet and continued to the end of the use of wooden ships. The process was so successful that the term copper-bottomed came to mean something that was highly dependable or risk free. With the rise of iron hulls in the 19th century, copper sheathing could no longer be used due to its galvanic corrosive interaction with iron.
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Cold moulding or strip-planking is a further modern development of carvel. The latter is used for small boats and kayaks, for which the hull is made up of narrow strips of wood built up on a wooden jig, then glued together. Larger vessels may have two or three layers of strips which (being a pre-shaped marine ply), forms a light, strong and torsionally stiff monocoque which needs little or no framing. The cold-moulded hull may have an epoxy sheathing (both on the outside and inside) for durability and to be watertight.
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In a barrier wall system, the > exterior cladding also serves as the principal drainage plane and primary > line of defense against bulk rainwater penetration. In cavity wall > construction, however, the principal drainage plane and primary line of > defense against bulk rainwater penetration is located inside the wall > cavity, generally on the inboard side of the air space (either directly > applied to the outboard surface of the exterior sheathing layer or, in the > case of insulated cavity walls, on the outboard surface of the rigid or > otherwise moisture-impervious insulation layer).
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Newport Historic District is a national historic district located at Newport, Giles County, Virginia. It encompasses 50 contributing buildings and 3 contributing sites in the rural village of Newport. The district includes primarily freestanding single-family dwellings or store buildings of one or two stories, featuring wood frame construction, wood siding or ornamental metal sheathing, front porches, and associated outbuildings. Notable buildings include the Epling-Dunkley[or Dunklee]-Smith House (1820s-1830s), Keister- Miller House (1846), Robert Payne House (1850s), Payne-Price House, the Miller Building (c. 1902), the Pent Taylor Store (c.
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The tricolate pollen, polar view, showing the three characteristic slitsCaltha obtusa is a small (2–6 cm high), hairless, perennial herb. Plants form mats of rosettes. Its white rhizomes are stout and fleshy. The spade-shaped leaves have slender petioles of 8–12 mm long that form a membranous sheathing base. The leafblade is dark green to yellowish green and sometimes with bronze blotches or streaks, are 8-12 × 7½-11 mm with two lobes at its base, with an indent at its tip and deeply scalloped edges, particularly near the base.
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Much of the modern sheetrock and painting have been removed to reveal early board ceilings and walnut paneled partitions and paneling on the outer walls. While some or all of the interior sheathing appears to date after 1810, all of the trim and some of the ceiling probably date to the first remodeling. The three room plan of the second floor consists of a large east room that comprises about two thirds of the space along with two small west rooms. The north-south paneled partition is similar to the partition of the first floor.
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The Bryand Brand House is a historic plantation house on the east side of Alabama State Route 14 near Marion, Perry County, Alabama. The two-story Greek Revival style house was built in 1845. Unique features of the interior are the treatment of the wide central hall as a quasi-dogtrot, the double-leaf front door, and the original rabbeted sheathing found on all of the ceilings and on the walls of the central halls. The house was moved to its current site in 1978 to save it from destruction.
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Revere later served as a Massachusetts militia officer, though his service ended after the Penobscot Expedition, one of the most disastrous campaigns of the American Revolutionary War, for which he was absolved of blame. Following the war, Revere returned to his silversmith trade. He used the profits from his expanding business to finance his work in iron casting, bronze bell and cannon casting, and the forging of copper bolts and spikes. In 1800, he became the first American to successfully roll copper into sheets for use as sheathing on naval vessels.
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The construction of an SWA cable depends on the intended use. When the power cable needs to be installed in a public area, for example, a Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) equivalent, called SWA BS 6724 Cable must be used. After the King’s Cross fire in London in 1987 it became mandatory to use LSZH sheathing on all London Underground cables – a number of the fatalities were due to toxic gas and smoke inhalation. As a result, LSZH cables are now recommended for use in highly populated enclosed public areas.
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The cap is dry, smooth, and white (but staining yellowish in age), and measures 4 to 15 cm in diameter, convex to flat; often with dirt on the cap. The gills are free, very narrow, close, light pink color when young, becoming dark reddish-brown as the spores mature. The spore print is chocolate brown. The stipe is 3 – 11 cm long, 2 – 4 cm thick, cylindrical to clavate (club-shaped), equal to enlarged at the base, stout, white, smooth, with a membranous veil and thick white mycelial sheathing near the base.
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Three years later the Company had over 200 men producing 3-4000 tons yearly at £8 per ton profit. By then the Grenfells had left the partnership, for the agreement with Pascoe Grenfell & Sons had been terminated with some acrimony in 1842. When Muntz’s patent expired in 1846, they and others began making fastenings and sheathing to the Muntz patent at will. Muntz died in 1857, to be succeeded by his eldest son, also called George Fredrick, who sold it in 1864 to a joint stock company, Muntz's Metal Co. Ltd.
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It is estimated that 25 to 30 of these ships were built, with no more than four or five in a year. The earlier ships were made from wood, though some were made from iron, just as some British clippers had been made from iron prior to 1859. In 1863 the first tea clippers of composite construction were brought out, combining the best of both worlds. Composite clippers had the strength of iron spars with wooden hulls, and copper sheathing could be added to prevent the fouling that occurred on iron hulls.
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Entry into the buildings is unrestricted. The nine standing buildings within the Townsite have been stabilized and restored, repairing floors, walls, windows, and doors, to secure the envelope of each building. Cedar shingle roof sheathing has been restored on several of the buildings along with structural repairs and improvements to the drainage around the structures and across the site. The jail structure, the oldest building on the site, has had it gable roof reconstructed as part of the second phase of the project along with new interpretive signage installed in 2014.
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The Biblical hero is depicted naked with the head of Goliath at his feet like Donatello's David, but with a turbanned head and sheathing his long sword. Numerous reproductions exist, most of which incorporate a loincloth that covers David's genitalia but not his buttocks. The lifesize original is in the Musée d'Orsay. Mercié was appointed Professor of Drawing and Sculpture at the École des Beaux-Arts, and was elected a member of the Académie française in 1891, after being awarded the biennial prize of the Institute of 800 in 1887.
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Many new manufacturing techniques are perfected, enabling the city's factories to mass-produce their pens cheaply and efficiently. These are sold worldwide to many who previously cannot afford to write, thus encouraging the development of education and literacy. Muntz metal was used in maritime vessels such as the hull of the Cutty Sark, Its original application was as a replacement for copper sheathing placed on the bottom of boats and is still used today for corrosion resistant machine parts.1830s: Thomas Ridgway begins trading in the Bull Ring, selling tea.
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1777: Boulton and Watt build 'Old Bess', as described by the London science museums 'an engine that stands at a crossroads in history'. 1779: James Keir takes out a patent for a compound metal that is capable of being forged when hot or cold more fit for the making of bolts, nails, and sheathing for ships prior to anything before. This metal uses the same compounds and similar quantities of metals as the patent of Muntz metal, which appears at the same time. big four banks founded in the town.
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This is the result of the small size of the industry and the fact that a single, finite definition of an item that is different every time it is made can be difficult to define. IATA, the International Air Transport Association, for example, doesn't allow crates on airplanes because it defines a crate as an open transport container. Although a crate can be of the Open or Framed variety, having no sheathing, a Closed crate is not open and is equally as safe to ship in as a wooden box, which is allowed by IATA.
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It has been suggested that the genus may have originated in this area and then spread westwards along the Himalayas and eastwards into the mountains of China and its southern neighbours. R. australis falls into the Chinese clade as would be expected from its Burmese origin. It is similar to two members of this clade, R. tibetica and R. wardii. It differs from both in possessing a corolla tube which protrudes considerably from the sheathing leaves; in addition, it has a broader upper petal lobe than R. tibetica and smaller flowers than R. wardii.
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Contrarily, another type of glass bead that has a limited supply, is known as wound beads. Wound beads are far more rare when being compared to drawn beads and the way they are made is by sheathing molten glass around a rod, stick, or wire. Wound beads on the other hand are made by wrapping molten glass around a rod, stick, or wire, then pressed into its shape and placed in a mold or decorated with colors of glass. These Wound beads are far more rare to find due to the limited distributions.
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Unusually the helmet discovered at Burgh Castle, in England, is of the Berkasovo method of construction, but has cheekpieces with earholes. Face-guards of mail or in the form of metal 'anthropomorphic masks' with eye-holes were often added to the helmets of the heaviest forms of cavalry, especially catafractarii or clibanarii.Southern and Dixon, pp. 92-94Goldsworthy (2003) 123, 205 Despite the apparent cheapness of manufacture of their basic components, many surviving examples of Late Roman helmets, including the Intercisa type, show evidence of expensive decoration in the form of silver or silver-gilt sheathing.
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This is an example of cathodic protection, an electrochemical technique developed in 1824 by Humphry Davy to prevent galvanic corrosion. He had recommended that the Admiralty should attach iron blocks to protect the copper sheathing on the hulls of Navy vessels. (The method was shortly discontinued because of an unfortunate side effect - the speed of the ships was reduced by increased fouling by marine life. The protective method reduced the release of copper ions that had otherwise poisoned the organisms and controlled their growth.)American Council of Learned Societies.
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The linking pipes, generally made of steel, are blind in the linking length and perforated or windowed in the length corresponding to the well. The wells have a concrete bung at the bottom and are filled, after withdrawal of the temporary sheathing pipe, with dry draining material and are closed with an impermeable clay bung. In normal conditions, these wells reach a depth of 20–30 m, but, in especially favourable cases, may reach 50 m. Some of these wells have drainage functions across their whole section and others can be inspected.
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Except for a hog pen and tool shed that was demolished in the 1970s, these 19th century buildings have been preserved. A timber-frame barn, constructed in 1877 by John Taylor from Elora, served as the centre of the poorhouse's agricultural activities, the lower level housing dairy cows while the upper level was used to store hay. The structure is supported by king-post trusses and lined with vertical sheathing board. A root cellar is located on the south end of the barn, and a silo was added to the barn's east end in 1914.
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The site also includes the Southern Heritage Apple Orchard, which preserves about 800 trees of about 400 heritage apple varieties. A visitor center includes exhibits, a gift shop and offices. The State Historic Site regularly hosts special events, which focus on farm life and techniques from the early 20th century, and include sheep shearing, corn shucking, ice cream socials, heritage crafts, music and pie baking. The farmhouse was built about 1880, and is a two-story, three-bay, single-pile log building with weatherboard sheathing and a wood- shingled gable roof.
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In February 1779, Engageante departed Toulon for America, where she arrived in late March, but had to be quarantined. In April 1779, she escorted a convoy from Martinique to France, successfully fending off a British attack. From 1781, she took part in the American Revolutionary War, including the Hudson Bay Expedition in 1782, with and the 74-gun . The copper sheathing of the ships made them especially vulnerable in arctic waters, and Engageante suffered the most, damaging her bow so much that she had to call into Cadiz for repair.
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He has a sharp wit and is already quite perceptive at the age of ten, even with the lack of formal tutelage. Under the later tutelage of Rei, Raiga fights in a noticeably different style that is more fluid and precise, yet flashy and less aggressive. His swordsmanship also surpasses that his father's, capable of drawing and sheathing his blade repeatedly in stylish manners without looking, even during battle. He is seen often fighting with both his sword and scabbard, an influence from Rei's dual-wield fighting style.
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Bishop Peter, surprised, pretended to comply, but when the duke, satisfied, released him, the bishop completed reading the anathema, before calmly presenting his neck and inviting the duke to strike. According to contemporaries, William hesitated a moment before sheathing his sword and replying, "I don't love you enough to send you to paradise." William was excommunicated a second time for "abducting" the Viscountess Dangerose (Dangerosa), the wife of his vassal Aimery I de Rochefoucauld, Viscount of Châtellerault. The lady, however, appears to have been a willing party in the matter.
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The ship was designed with four gun decks mounting a total of 170 guns and would have measured 3,700 tons burden. She would have had a three tier stern gallery and would have featured full copper sheathing and a double ship's wheel. The Duke of Kent would have been the only ship of the line built for the Royal Navy with four complete gun decks. Her 170 guns would have made the vessel the most heavily-armed ship of its time, surpassing the 140-gun Spanish ship Nuestra Señora de la Santísima Trinidad.
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The five-storey building has elevations facing south (on to North Street; five bays), west (with 11 bays facing Prince's Place) and north (six bays facing the Royal Pavilion Gardens). The structure of the steel frame is emphasised by being overlaid with handmade bricks in a soldier course pattern both horizontally and vertically. At each join, the brickwork is laid in a starburst pattern, and pieces of blue tile and glass are inlaid into the joints between the bricks. Green slate is used as a sheathing material at ground-floor level on the rear elevation.
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6, p/ 809. Each vessel was modified by strengthening her bow by filling the interior with solid oak, planking over the forward 20 feet (6.1 meters) with oak sheathing, and covering the sheath with railroad iron 1 inch (25 millimeters) thick. The engines were protected by a double bulkhead. The inner bulkhead was made of pine beams 12 inches (30 centimeters) square, the outer of beams 6 inches by 12 inches (15 centimeters by 30 centimeters). The outer bulkhead was plated over with railroad iron like that on the bow, 1 inch (25 millimeters) thick.
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It is believed that Eliza Merrill planted at least three of the giant cottonwood trees standing on the site today, which range from 25 to 30 feet in circumference. The structure was made from poplar logs, squared and closely notched at the corners. Lime plaster was poured between the log walls and the thin sheathing of planed boards on the interior. A large chimney built of native limestone was "plastered with lime almost as hard as the stone itself," and was located in the center of the building.
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The bathrooms in Public Auditorium were renovated to make them accessible as well as modern, and all public spaces in Public Auditorium were retiled, repainted, and replastered, while furniture received new upholstery. New taxicab stands were built at each end of Public Auditorium, and small gardens placed at each end of each taxi stand. The exterior metal sheathing on the reception pavilion was removed and replaced with stone, and new paving and exterior lighting installed. New mechanical window blinds were installed to help cool the pavilion as well as to block bright sunlight.
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213 For a number of extant helmets all that remains is the decorative silver or gold sheathing, the iron having corroded away entirely.. A single helmet found at Intercisa in Hungary, where a hoard of 15-20 helmets was unearthed, has a tall, integral, iron crest attached to the ridge. A similar helmet found at Augst has three slots in its ridge for the attachment of a separate crest. There have also been finds of unattached crest pieces, or ones attached to only the ridge of the helmet.
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An outline of where the teacher's raised platform was located is visible in this sheathing on the south wall, as are the locations of benches on other walls. Many of the alterations to the interior date to an extensive renovation in 1898. The schoolhouse was originally located near the junction of Wilton Road and Red Schoolhouse Road. It was used as a district school until 1920, when it was adapted for use as a model school (one of only five in the state) for teacher training, a role which it filled for twelve years.
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The jet cuts any material in its path, to a depth depending on the size and materials used in the charge. Generally, the jet penetrates around 1 to 1.2 times the charge width. For the cutting of complex geometries, there are also flexible versions of the linear shaped charge, these with a lead or high-density foam sheathing and a ductile/flexible lining material, which also is often lead. LSCs are commonly used in the cutting of rolled steel joists (RSJ) and other structural targets, such as in the controlled demolition of buildings.
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The Swash Channel Wreck is the remains of an early 17th-century armed merchantman possibly of Dutch origin wrecked outside of Poole Harbour. The vessel was approximately 40 m long and has been predicted to be around 600 tonnes. The ship was probably involved with the beginning of internationalization. The archaeological evidence, including the small number of guns, the position of the galley, wooden sheathing, ornate carvings and that only one row of knees is present on the wreck, suggest that the vessel was a high-status merchantman bound for the tropics.
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The second member of the class, "Kreuzer B", received a layer of Muntz metal over a layer of teak to protect her hull on long voyages. Several other navies similarly experimented with sheathing their steel cruiser hulls, but the practice failed to produce the desired results. By the time design work had finished, the ships' displacement had grown to about . Due to the rapid pace of technological development at the turn of the 20th century, the Zenta class was rapidly rendered obsolete, and already by 1910, they were in need of replacement.
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The apex is acute, the base narrowly cuneate to subangustate, not sheathing, pairs free. The seven basal veins are subparallel-sided, with short lateral branches, a tertiary reticulation is not visible. The laminar glands are dense, but not prominent. The inflorescence is single-flowered, with pseudo- dichotomous branches from 1-2 nodes below; a pedicel absent or very short, the upper leaves transitional. The stellate flowers are 40–60 mm in diameter. The sepals are 14-22 long and 3–7 mm wide, narrowly oblong and acute; the 15 veins are dichotomising and reticulate distally, with midrib prominent; their glands linear.
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The iron frame also made the structure (but not the whole ship) immune to termites and dry rot. The wooden planking / hull of the ship allowed the attachment of copper sheathing that kept the barnacle and other pests from attaching themselves to the ship, and kept the shipworm out. Because of the many wooden parts (decks, internal walls) still used in the composite ship, it was not free from these plagues, but it was less vulnerable. The only reasonable alternative for composite construction was to build iron ships, but here the situation in the Dutch East Indies was relevant.
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A simple rafter roof consists of rafters that the rafter foot rest on horizontal wall plates on top of each wall. The top ends of the rafters often meet at a ridge beam, but may butt directly to another rafter to form a pair of rafters called a couple. Depending on the roof covering material, either horizontal laths, battens, or purlins are fixed to the rafters; or boards, plywood, or oriented strand board form the roof deck (also called the sheeting or sheathing) to support the roof covering. Heavier under purlins or purlin plates are used to support longer rafter spans.
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Ian Cundy of the Malvern Archaeological Diving Unit was granted a licence to investigate the wreck site in July 2002. His findings cast serious doubt on whether the designated wreck site is that of Diamond, as it appears to be that of a larger and later (unidentified) vessel. The wreck appears to be , and there are discrepancies between samples of the materials (timber and hull sheathing) recovered from the site and those listed as used for Diamond. Metal samples scattered on the site are stamped Muntz Metal, an alloy not patented until 1832, several years after the loss of the Diamond.
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To the surprise of the inspection teams, however, some of the iron nails were virtually undamaged. Closer inspection revealed that water-resistant brown paper trapped under the nail head had inadvertently protected some of the nails: "Where this covering was perfect, the Iron was preserved from Injury". The copper sheathing had been delivered to the dockyard wrapped in the paper which was not always removed before the sheets were nailed to the hull. The conclusion therefore reported to the Admiralty in 1763 was that iron should not be allowed direct contact with copper in sea water.
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When Hurricane Hugo’s winds swept across the peninsula of Charleston at midnight on September 21, 1989, no building was left untouched, including St. Matthew's sanctuary. On Sunday morning September 24, 135 members gathered in the water-logged and darkened nave to assess the damage and offer prayer that the structure was basically still intact. Damage to the 117-year-old structure, however, was significant. The entire steeple was denuded of its copper sheathing, large sections of the slate roof were blown off which damaged the building’s drainage system and gutters, other slate tiles damaged the adjacent educational building.
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Béton brut became popular among modern architects, leading to the creation of the brutalist architecture style which thrived in the 1950s-1970's. Brutalism stems from the philosophies of Modern architecture that promote the truth to materials which is achieved by their raw expression. The essence of the philosophy is seen in the imperfections of béton brut which stem from the idea to create an aesthetic based on the exposure of a building's components, including the frame, sheathing, and mechanical systems. The result is the visibility of the imprinted seams and construction methods of the formwork used to mold the concrete.
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After this experiment, and deterred by the unanticipated and not understood electrolytic reaction between the copper and iron, lead sheathing was tried again, though it was found to be unsuitable to the task, as the plates tended to fall from the hull alarmingly quickly. By 1764, a second vessel, , had been sheathed in copper, specifically to prepare it for a voyage of discovery in tropical waters.Beaglehole 1966, p.195 Dolphins hull was inspected in 1768 after the ship had twice circumnavigated the world; there was significant corrosion of the hull's iron components, which had to be replaced.
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The remains of an early-19th century wooden ship, discovered in 2012 at a depth of in the Gulf of Mexico by the NOAAS Okeanos Explorer. Most of the timber has disintegrated, leaving behind the copper sheathing which has preserved the form of the hull With the American war in full swing, the Royal Navy set about coppering the bottoms of the entire fleet in 1778. This would not have happened but for war. This also came about because in 1778 a Mr. Fisher, a Liverpool shipbuilder (who did a brisk trade with West Africa) sent a letter to the Navy Board.
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Plants in the genus Synaphea are small shrubs, usually with deeply lobed (pinnatipartite) leaves, although some have simple leaves, others pinnate leaves, and have a petiole with a sheathing base. The flowers are relatively small, bright yellow, usually unscented, and arranged in a spike in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets. The perianth is tube-shaped and zygomorphic, the tube opening in the upper third to half. As in many other members of the Proteaceae, the male anthers and female style are initially in contact and the end of the style is a pollen presenter.
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The Catholic cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris ("Our Lady of Paris"), part of the "Paris, Banks of the Seine" UNESCO World Heritage Site, was begun in the 12th century. Its walls and interior vaulted ceiling are of stone; its roof and flèche (spire) were of wood (much of it 13th-century oak), sheathed in lead to exclude water. The spire was rebuilt several times, most recently in the 19th century. The cathedral's stonework has been severely eroded by years of weather and pollution, and the spire had extensively rotted because fissures in its lead sheathing were admitting water.
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The Queen of the West was able to rescue part of the crew from the Cairo before it sank. On February 2, 1863, Charles Rivers Ellet was ordered by Admiral David Dixon Porter to run the Queen of the West past the batteries at Vicksburg, Mississippi to support Admiral David Farragut below the city. The boat was equipped with a 30-pounder bow gun, three 12-pounder howitzers, cotton bales and wooden sheathing for protection. Ellet intended to "run the gauntlet" of Vicksburg by cover of night, however delays resulted in passage of the guns at daybreak.
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The main entrance of the mosque The mosque is considered by Greek government officials one of the most important Muslim monuments, not only in Greece, but in all of Europe, as being the oldest mosque on European ground. It has been a protected monument since 1946. The early 15th-century oak roof constitutes "one of the most important wooden monuments in the world" according to A. Bakirtzis, author of a study on Ottoman architecture in Greece. The original lead sheathing was removed in the Second World War, and was replaced post-war first with sheet-metal covers, and later again with lead ones.
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The outer sheathing consisted of asbestos-cement shingles painted a dirty white in a vain attempt to reduce solar heat load. The windows were leaky, rattling wooden sash, and bristled with numerous large window-mounted air conditioners, since the interior spaces would otherwise become unbearably hot during warm weather. Wings A, B, and C wings were built first, in a Π shape. The later wings were assigned the letters D, E, and F. Although there was no basement, the ground floor was inexplicably assigned room numbers beginning with "0", underscoring complaints of some occupants that the first floor corridors looked like a basement.
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An eyewitness account of the last voyage of Cinque Ports was published by William Funnell, an officer on board St George, who went on to circumnavigate the globe after abandoning Dampier in January 1705. The owners of Cinque Ports subsequently took legal action against Dampier over the loss of their ship. According to a deposition given by Selkirk on 18 July 1712, Dampier's failure to advise the owners to have Cinque Ports and St George covered in protective wood sheathing had resulted in "the loss of both ships, for they perished by being worm eaten." Other witnesses supported this allegation.
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A Red Line train made up of Breda cars leaving the station NoMa–Gallaudet U is located near the intersection of New York Avenue and Florida Avenue in Northeast Washington. The station is within and named for the NoMa neighborhood, which is both residential and commercial, and the station itself is in a commercial district on Florida Avenue. Its design differs from that of previous stations and is indicative of the lessons learned by Metro over its years of operation in several respects. Its canopy consists of white-painted, steel plate trusses and glass sheathing rather than concrete.
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The low hipped roof (a Romanesque feature) extends beyond the wall surface creating a large over-hang to shelter a waiting platform. Decorative brackets and columns support the roof and round arched windows and doors penetrate the four façades, typical of the style. The verge or barge board, a wooden ornamental motif along the eaves, was borrowed from the Gothic Revival style, a contemporary of the Romanesque. Many of the original materials used to build the station remain intact, such as the yellow pine interior sheathing, buff pressed brick, and window and door sills of Barre granite.
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The bell was recast in 1828 (at a cost of $166.88), and was replaced sometime in the 1900s after a crack had developed. In August 1954, the church steeple was struck by lightning that unknowingly caused extensive deterioration over the course of the ensuing sixteen months, until it was revealed that the base had settled and tilted eastward by approximately two feet. By 1956, the decision was made to demolish the steeple, which took about six weeks to complete. Steeplejacks out of Framingham, Massachusetts managed to salvage the windows, bell, and pieces of metal sheathing during the process.
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Nonetheless, TPS cabling of this type, no matter the brand, at least in the US, is often colloquially called "Romex." In modern products, the color of the NM cable sheath (or jacket) indicates either the gauge of the current carrying conductors within it, or special properties of the sheathing itself. Cables found in older installations may not conform with this color coding. The following are nominal current ratings for copper conductors; long runs may require thicker wires to minimize voltage drop. : White: 14 AWG wire (2.08 mm2) for 15-amp circuits. : Yellow: 12 AWG wire (3.31 mm2) for 20-amp circuits.
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Built as a summer property by George Hammond, the house is a well-preserved local example of the Shingle Style of architecture. It is more important, however, for its construction method, which is a rare example of a "mill-built" residence, using techniques more commonly found in mill buildings to retard the advance of fire. It is built with heavy timbers, and has no walls with open voids where fire might pass with little notice. These techniques are not unlike construction methods found in First Period colonial housing, with exterior planking and sheathing, and no interior plasterwork.
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At the same time as building his Wood Mills, Bentham, with his deputy Simon Goodrich, was constructing a Metal Mills complex a little to the north-east. Alongside a smithery were a copper-smelting furnace and refinery, and a steam engine which drove a rolling mill and tilt hammers. These facilities were for recycling the copper sheathing of ships' hulls; additional facilities for iron work were soon added and a millwrights' shop was established nearby. The Wood Mills, Block Mills, Metal Mills and Millwrights' department were all placed under Goodrich's supervision as Mechanist to the Royal Navy.
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195 Carabinier-à-Cheval cuirass holed by a cannonball at Waterloo, belonging to Antoine Fauveau (Musée de l'Armée). The decree of 24 December 1809 altered the uniform of the carabiniers: white costume, double steel cuirass (breastplate and backplate) covered with brass sheathing (copper for officers), helmet with a peak and which covered the back of the neck, with a golden-yellow copper crest decorated with a chenille made of scarlet bristle. Their armament included a carbine, a sabre (straight- bladed before c. 1811, then "a la Montmorency" – with a very slight curve) and a pair of pistols.
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Although the definition of a wooden crate, as compared to a wooden box, is clear, construction of the two often results in a container that is not clearly a crate or a box. Both wooden crates and wooden boxes are constructed to contain unique items, the design of either a crate or box may use principles from both. In this case, the container will typically be defined by how the edges and corners of the container are constructed. If the sheathing (either plywood or lumber) can be removed, and a framed structure will remain standing, the container would likely be termed a crate.
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The ventilators, which were originally located in the low wall area, had been filled in, and some ridge ventilators were inoperable. The air flow through the ventilators, which would have assisted in the evaporation of water, was not occurring. Second, the penetration of rain water from the exterior of the building, because of inadequate or deteriorated waterproofing, had increased the level of moisture in the wood. The copper sheathing that had originally capped the arch exteriors, in addition to acting as a moisture barrier, may have been acting as a biocide through copper oxides inhibiting wood rot.
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Revere was confident in his technique of mixing hot and cold rolling, claiming it gave a superior combination of flexibility and strength. Hot rolling “would make them less brittle, allows nails to pass through them easily, and form a tighter seal with the ship’s hull”, while a final pass of cold rolling improved the finish and slightly increased the strength. Eventually, Paul Revere's copper sheets would provide sheathing for more ships in the American fleet, cover the original wooden dome of the Massachusetts State House, and even be used for the boilers of one of Robert Fulton’s early steamboats.
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The Brown truss is a box truss that is a through truss (as contrasted with a deck truss) and consists of diagonal cross compression members connected to horizontal top and bottom stringers. There may be vertical or almost vertical tension members (the diagram shows these members, while the patent application diagram does not) but there are no vertical members in compression. In practice, when used in a covered bridge, the most common application, the truss is protected with outside sheathing. The floor and roof are also trusses, but are horizontal and serve to give the truss rigidity.
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Some had hulls fitted with copper sheathing, which significantly increased speed by preventing the growth of marine weed on the hull, which would otherwise cause drag. This was very expensive, and at the time was only commonly fitted to Royal Navy vessels. The speed of slave ships made them attractive ships to repurpose for piracy, and also made them attractive for naval use after capture; and were examples of such vessels. HMS Black Joke had a notable career in Royal Navy service and was responsible for capturing a number of slave ships and freeing many hundreds of slaves.
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The original insulating layer implemented between the copper sheathing and the iron bars was an asbestos cloth soaked in shellac. This insulating and isolating system had separated the two metals when it was constructed, but the ingeniously devised system had broken down over time and was compromising the structural stability of many different components. The insulating layer had lost much of its functional isolating capacity due to exposure to interior condensation, leakage and possibly from other variable atmospheric effects of the marine environment. It had deteriorated into a sponge-like material which merely retained the saltwater as a conductive electrolyte.
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The air-tractor sledge in 1912 The air-tractor sledge was a converted fixed- wing aircraft taken on the 1911–1914 Australasian Antarctic Expedition, the first plane to be taken to the Antarctic.Bickel 2000, p. 39. Expedition leader Douglas Mawson had planned to use the Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane as a reconnaissance and search and rescue tool, and to assist in publicity, but the aircraft crashed heavily during a test flight in Adelaide, only two months before Mawson's scheduled departure date. The plane was nevertheless sent south with the expedition, after having been stripped of its wings and metal sheathing from the fuselage.
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It was decided to order and deploy short-take-off-and-vertical- landing (STOVL) AV-8S Matadors (AV-8A Harrier) when Dédalo was overhauled. Since the Harriers' downdraft on vertical landing would have damaged the wooden deck, protective metal sheathing was installed on the rear area of the flight deck.The full story of the Harrier "Jump-Jet" Part Three – Harriers in Service and the Falklands War The first batch of six AV-8S single seat and two TAV-8S two seat aircraft were delivered to the Armada Española throughout 1976. A second batch of four AV-8S aircraft was delivered in 1980.
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The Battle of Cape St. Vincent was a naval battle that took place off the southern coast of Portugal on 16 January 1780 during the American Revolutionary War. A British fleet under Admiral Sir George Rodney defeated a Spanish squadron under Don Juan de Lángara. The battle is sometimes referred to as the Moonlight Battle because it was unusual for naval battles in the Age of Sail to take place at night. It was also the first major naval victory for the British over their European enemies in the war and proved the value of copper-sheathing the hulls of warships.
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The structure could not resist the forces of the unprecedented earthquake due to various design inadequacies, including too shallow a foundation for the support pillars and a lack of sufficient either external or internal transverse reinforcement for the pillars. The collapse of the structure did not result in any casualties. The elevated expressway was rebuilt by the end of 1996 and the surviving pillars were retrofitted with steel sheathing to prevent the same type of failure from recurring. On 18 December 2010, the Kobe Route was linked to the Kobe-Yamate Route after Minatogawa Junction was opened to traffic.
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These features, in combination with the long hindlimbs that allowed for fast running, would have made the animal capable of seizing small prey. As an omnivore, Heterodontosaurus would have had a significant selection advantage during the dry season when vegetation was scarce. Reconstruction of jaw musculature and keratin sheathing of the beak In 2012, Sereno pointed out several skull and dentition features that suggest a purely or at least preponderantly herbivorous diet. These include the horny beak and the specialised cheek teeth (suitable for cutting off vegetation), as well as fleshy cheeks which would have helped keeping food within the mouth during mastication.
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The dormitory, the only structure in the complex that was not designed by Underwood's office, was designed in a compatible style by the Office of the Chief Engineer of the Utah Parks Company and reviewed by the Park Service. Built between 1937 and 1938, the one-story building is a "studs- out" structure linke others in the neighborhood, with sheathing mailed to the inside face of the building's frame, leaving the frame exposed to the outside. Unlike other stud-out structures in the neighborhood, the dormitory lacks diagonal framing members. The building has a hipped roof.
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The Sholl family were one of such families that were part of the community. Camden Harbour was visited in June 1865 by the crew of the tiny Forlorn Hope, who were well received by Government Resident Robert J. Sholl and Government Surveyor James Cowle, but found them and other settlers, many from Victoria, despondent and weary. The ground was hard and stony and the grass of little value to the few remaining sheep, who were weak and dying. As the crew left they witnessed the burning by Victorian settlers of Calliances hull, to recover her copper sheathing.
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Roscoea wardii is a perennial herbaceous plant. Like all members of the genus Roscoea, it grows from a short rhizome, to which the tuberous roots are attached. When growth begins again, "pseudostems" are produced: structures which resemble stems but are actually formed from the tightly wrapped bases (sheaths) of its leaves. R. wardii reaches a height of 32 cm. There are three to five bladeless sheathing leaves with pink veins and two to three full leaves, 7–8 cm long by 1.7–4.5 cm wide. At the junction of the blade and sheath there are small transparent structures (ligules), 1–2 mm high.
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On 9 August, the fleet intercepted a large British convoy, leading to the Action of 9 August 1780. The British escort, comprising the 74-gun , under Captain Sir John Moutray, and the frigates Thetis and Southampton, fled before the vastly superior combined fleet. Suffren attempted to give chase, but the copper sheathing of the British warships gave them a decisive advantage, and he abandoned the pursuit to help with the capture of the merchantmen. After the battle, Suffren wrote a letter to Antoine de Sartine, Secretary of State of the Navy, to advocate for the French Navy to copper its own ships.
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The Second Battle of Boonville was fought on September 13, 1861, when Colonel William Brown of the Missouri State Guard led 800 men in an attack on 140 pro- Union Boonville Home Guardsmen, under the command of Captain Joseph A. Eppstein, while the Union soldiers were eating breakfast. Due to rain, the Confederates wrapped their flags in black sheathing, which the Home Guard mistook as a sign of no quarter. Highly motivated by a perception that the fight was one of "victory or death", the Home Guardsmen managed to defeat the State Guard troops, killing Colonel Brown in the process.
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The Hooper's Telegraph Works Ltd was established by William Hooper in 1870 to manufacture and lay submarine communications cable using his patented vulcanized rubber core. Before the company was formed to produce finished submarine cable Hooper had furnished core for other companies, particularly that of William Thomas Henley, to armor and sheathe. The original core works were located at Mitcham, London with the later complete cable, core with external sheathing, production located and later consolidated at Millwall and the company renamed Hooper's Telegraph Works.The inner portion of submarine cable containing the conductors around which additional protections would be applied.
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The war industry utilized a panel material developed by the Homasote Company of Trenton, New Jersey, made of wood pulp and ground newspaper, to be used in place of siding and sheathing for buildings. The invention of laminated veneer lumber as known today can be attributed to Arthur Troutner. While glue laminated wood veneers were in use since the middle of the 19th century on a small scale for furniture and pianos, Troutner was the first to develop a laminated veneer lumber of a scale large enough to be used in construction. In 1971 "Micro=Lam LVL" was introduced.
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Brettstapel is commonly produced as part of a prefabricated wall, ceiling or roof panel. The prefabrication takes place in dedicated factories using specialist machinery and an experienced team ensuring tight quality control and fast construction. The structural panels are generally manufactured in 600mm wide sections, secured together using timber joints and further combined with sheathing board, insulation, and a vapour barrier to form the completed panels. Structural openings are incorporated into the panels, and in some cases plumbing and electrical fittings can be too, whilst the external finish commonly varies between render and timber cladding which is applied on-site.
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This causes rot and delamination of exterior wall cladding and sheathing, rusting in metal wall studs, rot in the wood structure, saturation of batt insulation, and development of mould and spores inside the walls and building interior. The construction failures ranged from minor to major failure of the structural integrity of the building. Some buildings became unhealthy to occupants. Most of these buildings are low-rise, 3-4 story buildings constructed of wood-frame construction, as well as some with steel, concrete, and metal stud construction types, including highrises.Leaky condo owner cry foul per stalled repair loans, CBC News, June 18, 2009.
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Radiant barrier may be used as a vented skin around the exterior of a wall. Furring strips are applied to the sheathing to create a vented air space between the radiant barrier and the siding, and vents are used at the top and bottom to allow convective heat to rise naturally to the attic. If brick is being used on the exterior, then a vented air space may already be present, and furring strips are not necessary. Wrapping a house with radiant barrier can result in a 10% to 20% reduction in the tonnage air conditioning system requirement, and save both energy and construction costs.
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On 2 September 1780, Bretagne left Brest for Cadiz, where she took part in the Great Siege of Gibraltar. Although she had good nautical qualities, Bretagne had a tendency to leak and hog,Forrer, Neptunia 202, p.20 and from February to April 1781, she underwent a refit in Brest and notably received a copper sheathing. Bretagne then undertook an expedition under Captain Soulange in Guichen's squadron in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic from 22 June to early September.Forrer, Neptunia 202, p.19 After spending three months in Brest, she sailed again on 12 December 1781. She sustained damage in foul weather, notably in a hurricane on 25 and 26 December.
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The lower hull of the ship, still containing a load of iron ore sits in shallow water not far from shore, while a large portion of the starboard side is located on the beach near the lighthouse. In the submerged portion, most of the hull remains intact, as does most of the steam propulsion machinery. The rudder, copper hull sheathing, keelsons, the portside engine mount, the propeller shaft assembly, and iron ore cargo are the most prominent items found on the lake bottom. On the shore, the section of the starboard side is 134 feet long, and features scarfed ceiling planking, paired frame sets, and hundreds of wood and iron fasteners.
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The reason for this alignment of the false plate allows for kick rafters, common to late 17th and early 18th century buildings, and for a boxed cornice, the latter quite unusual for country dwellings in the Chesapeake at this date. This is the earliest recorded tilted false plate in the mid-Atlantic states that includes a boxed cornice. The carpenter then covered the roof with weatherboards to act as sheathing for wooden shingles that were pegged (instead of nailed) in place. Dormers which survived until recently date to the late 18th century, reportedly replacing wider ones thought to have been part of the original construction.
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The transverse corridor staircase leads into the five niche statue chapel, a room with significant religious importance. Accessed through a double-door, it had a floor paved with white alabaster, red granite sheathing in the niches and dado, fine white limestone sheathed walls elsewhere which was lavishly decorated in relief, and a limestone ceiling decorated with stars evoking the night-sky of the Duat. A small staircase stood before each niche, which was once occupied by a statue, none of which have been preserved. It was originally assumed that each statue represented one of the king's five names, but the Abusir Papyri, discovered in the nearby pyramid of Neferirkare, indicate otherwise.
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When developed in 1984, there was intended to be a "Two Tabor Center" on the opposite corner of the block (Seventeenth and Larimer Streets), a building mirroring One Tabor with a rounded facade facing its sister. This was never completed due to the economic conditions at the time. However, the foundation and caissons for this yet-to-be-built high- rise were constructed and can be seen covered artfully by aluminum sheathing. In early 2018 work was completed on an enhanced outdoor public plaza facing 17th Street as well as a remodeled entrance that can serve as the primary entrance for both Tabor One and Tabor Two towers.
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Alma was laid down at Lorient on 1 October 1865 and launched on 26 November 1867. The ship began her sea trials on 24 August 1869, but did not enter service until the following year, after sailing to Brest to have sheathing added to protect her armor. She was commissioned as the flagship of the China Squadron under command of Rear Admiral Dupré and the ship departed Brest on 15 June 1870. She grounded on a shoal in the Inland Sea on 15 JulyThis would have been an amazingly fast passage to Japan for this time and the date could well be a typo.
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His office employed several specialists as his assistants — mechanists (engineers), draughtsmen, architects, chemists, clerks, and others. The Inspector General's office was responsible for the introduction at Portsmouth of a plant for the rolling of copper plates for sheathing ship's hulls and for forging-mills for the production of metal parts used in the construction of vessels. They also introduced similar modernisation at the other Naval dockyards in conjunction with M I Brunel and Maudslay. By 1797 work had started on building additional dry docks and on deepening the basins, and Bentham realised that the existing drainage system would not cope with the increased demand.
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B. W. Sargent then became Head of the nuclear physics division. Cockcroft arranged for Goldschmidt, Guéron and Kowarski to remain until June 1945, later extended until the end of 1945. Goldschmidt was willing to stay longer, and Cockcroft wanted to keep him, but Groves insisted that he should go, and, in the interest of Allied harmony, he did. All the French scientists had left by January 1946. On 24 August 1944, the decision was taken to build a small reactor to test the group's calculations relating to such matters as lattice dimensions, sheathing materials, and control rods, before proceeding with the full-scale NRX reactor.
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An open frame style crate used for a bicycle An open style crate A sheathed (closed) plywood crate A sheathed (closed) lumber crate Wooden crate with cleating A wooden crate has a self-supporting structure, with or without sheathing. For a wooden container to be a crate, all six of its sides must be put in place to result in the rated strength of the container. Crates are distinct from wooden boxes. The strength of a wooden box is rated based on the weight it can carry before the top (top, ends, and sides) is installed, whereas the strength of a crate is rated with the top in place.
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Corvettes were designed to operate across the vast distances of Britain's maritime empire, and could not rely on dry docks for maintenance. Since iron (and steel) hulls were subject to biofouling and could not easily be cleaned, the established practice of copper sheathing was extended to protect them; the metal plating of the hull was timber-cased and coppered below the waterline. Under full sail (1898) The Calypsos differed from the ships of the preceding Comus class in armament, including new 6-inch rifles in place of the 7-inch muzzleloaders and 64-pounders that originally armed the first ships of the parent class.
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Leaf scars are often prominent along the stem, especially in young, rapidly growing individuals. Stem color ranges from gray-white to gray-brown except in R. violacea, which have violet-brown or mauve stems. Royal palm, R. oleracea, reaches heights of , but most species are in the range. The largest Royal palm is located in Floresta Estadual Edmundo Navarro de Andrade in Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil with 42.4 m and was discovered by Vincent Ferh and Mauro Galetti Close up of crown of Roystonea regia showing smooth tapering leaf sheath and fresh leaf scars, Kolkata, India Roystonea leaves consist of a sheathing leaf base, a petiole, and a rachis.
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The aforementioned tower contains a statue of Pan with the > traditional pipes, and he is either half drawing or sheathing a Roman sword. > Over a small turret on the opposite side of the tower is a gold vane of a > pen bending a sword. At various places on the monument are quotations > appropriate to the art of war correspondence. These are from a great variety > of sources beginning with Old Testament verses. Perhaps the most striking > feature of all are the tablets inscribed with the names of 157 > correspondents and war artists who saw and described in narrative and > picture almost all the events of the tour years of the war.
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The strongest evidence is the pitsaw marks found on the chimney girts in the hall and parlor, exposed framing and sheathing has markings consistent with a water-powered up-and-down saw. It is certain that the house had achieved its two-story and two-room appearance by 1726 due to its parlor being used as a meeting room for church services. Further evidence in the construction of the fireplace flues which indicates that the main block of the house was completed prior to the American Revolution. Around 1780, the main house was extended by in the rear during a two-story addition that gives the house a slight saltbox appearance.
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Paul Revere's Copper Mill with Canton Viaduct in the foreground Copper rolling is the process of converting large blocks of copper into thin sheets by rolling them gradually down to size. These sheets of copper were used in the 18th and 19th centuries mainly to plate the bottoms of ships. This process of plating ship bottoms, referred to as “sheathing” or “coppering”, helped increase the speed and lifespan of ships. Copper was desired for this process because it reacts with seawater to create an oxide coating that prevents the build-up of barnacles, weeds, and other detritus, in addition to physically stopping worms from burrowing into and degrading the wood.
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On a larger scale, its use reduces the heat island effect of cities when compared to asphalt. Coupled with its better insulating abilities, metal roofs can offer not only a 40% reduction in energy costs in the summer, but also up to a 15% reduction in the energy costs in the winter according to a 2008 Study by Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This finding is based on the use of a strapping system of four inches between the plywood and "cool-color" metal on top, which provides an air gap between the plywood roof sheathing and the metal. Cool-color metals are light, reflective colors, like white.
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The contract stipulated that the freestanding exterior scaffold was to be completely assembled by April 27, 1984. The high scaffolding was designed specifically for the statue, and required ingenuity from its designers, as it could only be attached to the granite pedestal and not the statue and had to accommodate the intricate contours of the statue as well. Furthermore, the exterior scaffolding had to maintain a distance of at least 18 inches from any exposed section of the copper sheathing. The 6,000 or so separate components of the scaffold, made of a high load capacity aluminum (alloy 6061 T6), were unloaded onto Liberty Island on January 23, 1984.
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The streaks of coal tar paint from when it had been applied 74 years earlier were still visible during the restoration efforts. Black tar streaks from these so-called "weep holes" were running down the exterior of the statue and had altered the patina of the external copper sheathing. An atmospheric research scientist and a technical assistant from AT&T; Bell Laboratories, developed a greenish liquid composed of corroded copper particles roughly matching the statue's exterior in chemical composition, which was then sprayed over the tar streaked exterior. The sprayed on particles were then left to develop and spread over the streaks and stains.
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Rattler was commissioned in April 1783 for service in the British Leeward Islands under Commander Wilfred Collingwood, assisting in enforcement of Great Britain's Navigation Acts against American trading vessels. On arrival in the Caribbean, Rattler joined the British fleet under the command of Captain Horatio Nelson, and including whose captain was Wilfred Collingwood's brother Cuthbert. In 1787 she was laid up to remove her copper bottom and replace it with wooden sheathing, despite the weaker protection this offered against infestation by shipworm. While the ship was being refitted Commander Collingwood was taken ill and died on 21 April 1787 en route to a hospital at Grenada.
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She sailed for the Canadian Arctic in company with the Navy's newest icebreaker, , to participate in the successor to Operation "Nanook." The basic missions for TF 68 in this Arctic stint were the resupply of existing weather stations and the establishment of a new one at Melville Harbor, Ville Island. Whitewood performed reconnaissance and survey work during the expedition, while completed her assigned task, supplying the weather station at Thule. When Whitewood and Edisto tried to force their way through the ice to deliver needed supplies to the station at Slidre Fjord, the heavy pack ice damaged Whitewood's bow sheathing, steering engine, and propeller, necessitating her return to Boston for repairs.
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It is about in size, and exhibits construction techniques common to the period after the American Civil War. It also includes features that were considered modern in the early 20th century for dairy farming purposes, including concrete manure troughs, ventilation slats in the walls, and specialized ducting to facilitate the movement of air to ventilators in the roof. The lower level of the barn is finished in original wooden shingles, while the upper levels of the walls are unfinished, with exposed sheathing. The barn was built sometime in the first decade of the 20th century, by brothers Frank and Edgar Foster, whose parents had farmed the property since the late 1850s.
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On 11 June 1901, the south side of the Ramsden dock at Barrow caught fire, and was practically destroyed before the flames could be extinguished. The recently launched Euryalus was laying alongside this wharf, and the fire set ablaze the teak wood sheathing of the cruiser. Considerable damage was done to the ship before she was hauled from the pier into the middle of the dock, and her completion was severely delayed. Towed to Cammell Laird at Birkenhead for repairs, the ship slipped off the blocks supporting her in drydock and was severely damaged. While on sea trials, she collided with the auxiliary vessel Traveller on 27 June 1903 at Devonport.
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The Brinkerhoff is an early example of the conscious adaptation of rustic-style architecture that had been employed in public buildings around Jackson Hole to a private vacation house, in which the rustic style sets the tone of a rustic retreat. Jan Wilking's interpretation of the rustic style represents a transition from the heavy, consciously rustic style seen in public park buildings, to a cleaned-up, more finished and polished style., which would be further developed in vacation homes throughout the West. The main house is a partial two story log building of dressed log construction, with vertical wood sheathing on the upper story.
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Two or more wires may be wrapped concentrically, separated by insulation, to form coaxial cable. The wire or cable may be further protected with substances like paraffin, some kind of preservative compound, bitumen, lead, aluminum sheathing, or steel taping. Stranding or covering machines wind material onto wire which passes through quickly. Some of the smallest machines for cotton covering have a large drum, which grips the wire and moves it through toothed gears; the wire passes through the centre of disks mounted above a long bed, and the disks carry each a number of bobbins varying from six to twelve or more in different machines.
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Courageux was part of Admiral Augustus Keppel's Channel Fleet in 1778 and shared in the capture of the 32-gun French frigate and the French lugger on 17 June. The following day, Courageux was despatched with and in pursuit of another French vessel. Other British ships soon joined the chase, which was concluded on 19 June when the prize, the 32-gun Pallas, was brought to. Courageux received a share of the prize money for three more captures in September and five more in October. Between April and May 1779, she underwent another refit, which included the sheathing of her hull with copper, at a cost of £7,468.7.0d.
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At least Pati Unus' jong was equipped with three layers of sheathing which the Portuguese said over one cruzadoA kind of Portuguese coin with a diameter of 3.8 cm. in thickness each. The Chinese banned foreign ships from entering Guangzhou, fearing the Javanese or Malay junks would attack and capture the city, because it is said that one of these junk would rout twenty Chinese junks. Main production location of Djong was mainly constructed in two major shipbuilding centres around Java: north coastal Java, especially around Rembang-Demak (along the Muria strait) and Cirebon; and the south coast of Borneo (Banjarmasin) and adjacent islands.
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Since 1979 the wreck site has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places, which prohibits SCUBA divers from taking artifacts from, or otherwise disturbing the wreck.New England Shipwrecks, Culloden. The designated area is a 'circle with a radius of approximately and a centre at the point formed by UTM co-ordinates 19/2 51 370/45 50 810. The application notes that in addition to Revolutionary War connections, the shipwreck is important for showing the British state-of-the-art copper sheathing of the ship as well as the possibility that it may reveal problems about corruption in the British shipyards at the time.
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Neuwiedia has three fertile, abaxial (= facing away from the stem) anthers, while Apostasia has two fertile abaxial anthers and a filamentous staminode (= a sterile stamen). Plants with mealy or paste-like pollen, which ordinarily are not aggregated into pellets, called pollinia, with two or three fertile long anthers, leaves with sheathing bases, elongated staminode and labellum similar to the petals. These primitive features make them, according to some authorities, not true orchids but rather ancestors of modern orchids. However, more recent studies indicate that many of their differences with the other orchids were not inherited from a common ancestor with orchids, but arose within the stem group of apostasioid orchids.
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Additional sheathing added to the hull added about seven tons to her burthen and perhaps fifteen to her displacement. The ship was one of the first to be fitted with the lightning conductor invented by William Snow Harris. FitzRoy spared no expense in her fitting out, which included 22 chronometers, and five examples of the Sympiesometer, a kind of mercury-free barometer patented by Alexander Adie which was favoured by FitzRoy as giving the accurate readings required by the Admiralty. To reduce magnetic interference with the navigational instruments, FitzRoy proposed replacing the iron guns with brass guns, but the Admiralty turned this request down.
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The peace of Amiens was a brief interlude in the wars with Revolutionary France, and in 1803 the War of the Third Coalition began. Temeraire had deteriorated substantially during her long period spent laid up, and she was taken into dry dock on 22 May to repair and refit, starting with the replacement of her copper sheathing. Work was delayed when a heavy storm hit Plymouth in January 1804, causing appreciable damage to Temeraire, but was finally completed by February 1804, at a cost of £16,898. Command was assigned to Captain Eliab Harvey, and he arrived to take up his commission on 1 January 1804.
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On 24 November 1914, she came to the aid of the steam passenger schooner Hanalei, which had run aground on Duxbury Reef in the Pacific Ocean off California with the loss of 18 lives. When the Revenue Cutter Service merged with the United States Life-Saving Service on 28 January 1915 to form the United States Coast Guard, McCulloch became a United States Coast Guard Cutter as USCGC McCulloch. In January 1917, she came to the assistance of the U.S. Navy armored cruiser , which had run aground at Samoa, California, on 13 January. In March 1917, McCulloch underwent another overhaul at Mare Island in which her hull was recaulked and of copper sheathing were removed.
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The practical implication of this is that one could double the R-value of insulation installed between framing members and realize substantially less than a 50 percent reduction in heat loss. When installed between wall studs, even perfect wall insulation only eliminates conduction through the insulation but leaves unaffected the conductive heat loss through such materials as glass windows and studs. Insulation installed between the studs may reduce, but usually does not eliminate, heat losses due to air leakage through the building envelope. Installing a continuous layer of rigid foam insulation on the exterior side of the wall sheathing will interrupt thermal bridging through the studs while also reducing the rate of air leakage.
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These prizes were sent to the fleet bases at Lisbon and Gibraltar, the latter accompanied by Incendiary. During March the Spanish authorities in Cádiz prepared a convoy to sail to their American colonies consisting of 13 merchant vessels bound for Lima in the Viceroyalty of Peru, Buenos Aires and Montevideo in the Viceroyalty of the River Plate and Veracruz in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Accompanying this convoy were three 34-gun frigates, Nuestra Señora del Carmen under Captain Don Fraquin Porcel, Santa Florentina under Captain Don Manuel Norates and Santa Sabina. All three frigates had undergone extensive preparations for the voyage, with new copper sheathing on their hulls and full crews and stores for the long journey.
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Numerous versions and value of grades exist including smooth face, rough texture, utility, versatile grades as well as different densities and strengths for different applications and uses. Presently various magnesia cement boards are widely used in Asia as a primary construction material. Some versions have been designated as the ‘official’ construction specified material of the 2008 Summer Olympics and some versions are used extensively on the inside and outside of all the walls, fireproofing beams, and as the sub-floor sheathing in one of the world's tallest buildings, Taipei 101, located in Taipei, Taiwan. Magnesia cement is manufactured in a number of areas around the world, primarily near areas where magnesia based ore (periclase) deposits are mined.
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The first experiments with copper sheathing were made in the late 1750s: the bottoms and sides of several ships' keels and false keels were sheathed with copper plates. In 1761, the experiment was expanded, and the 32-gun frigate was ordered to have her entire bottom coppered, in response to the terrible condition in which she had returned from service in the West Indies. HMS Alarm was chosen because, in 1761, a letter had been sent regarding the ship's condition, saying that the worms from the waters had taken a significant toll on the ship’s wooden hull. Before the copper plates were applied, the hull was covered with Soft stuff, which was simply hair, yarn and brown paper.
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They left the Harbour on 3 June, passing the wrecked ship Calliance, which had been purchased by several of the settlers from Victoria, who were now salvaging the copper sheathing by burning the hull. The 3rd, 4th and 5th were easy sailing. They passed Cafarelli Island (part of the Buccaneer Archipelago) on the 6th On the 8th ironwork of rudder broke; lowered sails and rode out the storm. Mountainous seas until midday 9 June, and they were able to set sail again, however a gale rose and Forlorn Hope shipped some heavy seas, the boat sunk low in the water and the men, bitterly cold and wet to the skin, had to bail for their lives.
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Reed, 1980 910.4530994 LON From the original reports > One of the boats dispatched to the wreck of the Jane Lockhart, schooner, has > returned with the sails and a portion of the running and standing gear. The > vessel, it appears, did not strike on Bunker's Group, as reported by Captain > Machen, but upon what is known as Heron Island, about ninety miles to the > northward of Bunker's Group. When the boat reached the vessel she was > settled in a hollow in one of the reefs, the outer formation of the hollow > acting as a breakwater against the seas. One side of the vessel was quite > visible, and the new copper sheathing appeared uninjured.
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Picture of Abaca that has been stripped down to just the fibrous material Leaf fibers or hard fibers are a type of plant fiber mainly used for cordage (producing rope). They are the toughest of the plant fibers which is most likely due to their increased lignin content when compared to the other groups of plant fibers. They are typically characterized as being very tough and rigid lending them towards being used in rope production over clothing or paper like other plant fibers. Leaf fibers can be found in the vascular bundles of plant leaves and therefore consist of both phloem and xylem tissues and any other vascular sheathing tissues (for example sclerenchyma cells).
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Surveillante was laid down in August 1777 in Lorient as the second frigate of the Iphigénie class, a series of 32-gun frigates carrying 12-pounder guns designed by Léon Guignace. She was launched on 26 March 1778, and commissioned in May. The very same month, she was refitted as to upgrade her hull with copper sheathing, which was being gradually introduced in the French Navy. In June 1778, Surveillante was part of a squadron of five French frigates that were seeking to retaliate against the British for their capture of three French vessels earlier that month, all before any declaration of war. On 24 June, off Ushant, the French encountered , an 8-gun cutter.
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It is susceptible to moisture, so must be laid on a course that stops rising dampness, must be roofed or covered to keep out water from above, and may need protection through some sort of plaster, paint or sheathing. In China, rammed earth walls were built by the Longshan people in 2600–1900 BC, during the period when cities first appeared in the region. Thick sloping walls made of rammed earth became a characteristic of traditional Buddhist monasteries throughout the Himalayas and became very common in northern Indian areas such as Sikkim. The technique spread to the Middle East, and to North Africa, and the city of Carthage was built of rammed earth.
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Findlater is often listed amongst those who left Scotland as a result of their homosexual orientation. However, it is not clear as to whether this "exile" was real or self-imposed. In 1791 he apparently made a joke at the expense of Jane, Duchess of Gordon, wife of Alexander Gordon. A ship called the Duchess of Gordon had been recently built with copper sheathing on the hull to deter rot. The Earl of Findlater was overheard to remark “I aye kent the Duchess had a brass neck and a brazen face, but I niver kent she had a copper arse.” The Duchess of Gordon was not amused, pursuing the matter in the courts.
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Niederau station from the track side, seen around 1860 Baroness von Werther, the owner of Oberau Castle, built the building and operated it at first as an inn. The half- timbered building was given a wood sheathing in 1862 and it was plastered with the appearance of Cyclopean masonry 15 years later. Also in 1877, the premises of the officials’ apartments were renovated and a station restaurant was built in the new rooms. Subsequently the building was used both for residential and station purposes. To emphasize the latter function, it received a station clock and the station sign that broke up the previously empty space on the building’s gable during a reorganisation in 1988.
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The technical definition of an EIFS does not include wall framing, sheathing, flashings, caulking, water barriers, windows, doors, and other wall components. However, some architects have begun specifying flashings, sealants, and wiring fasteners as being a part of the EIFS scope of work, essentially requiring EIFS contractors to carry out that work as well. The technical national consensus standard for the definition of an EIFS, as published by ASTM International does not include flashing or sealants as part of the EIFS. Many of the EIFS manufacturers have their own standard details showing typical building conditions for window and door flashings, control joints, inside/outside corners, penetrations, and joints at dissimilar materials which should be followed for that manufacturers warranty.
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Built by John Nowlan and Thomas Calhoun of Bursledon, Crescent was along her gundeck, had a beam and a depth in the hold of . This gave her a capacity of 887 tons (bm). Launched on 28 October 1784, she was completed in January the following year, including copper sheathing of the hull, and was taken to Portsmouth where she was laid up in ordinary and not fitted for sea until 6 June 1790. Crescent was armed with a 26-gun main battery of 18-pounders on her gundeck, eight 9-pound guns and four 18-pound carronades on her quarterdeck, and two 9-pound guns and four 18-pound carronades on her fo'c'sle.
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Corvettes had been built of iron since the of 1867, but the Calypsos and the preceding were instead built of steel. Corvettes were designed to operate across the vast distances of Britain's maritime empire, and could not rely on dry docks for maintenance. Since iron (and steel) hulls were subject to biofouling, and they could not easily be cleaned, the established practice of copper sheathing was extended to protect them; the metal plating of the hull was timber-cased and coppered below the waterline. The only armour was a 1.5-inch (38-mm) armoured deck covering the machinery spaces, but coal bunkers along the sides gave some protection to the machinery spaces.
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During his geological studies in Crete he became aware of the palace of Knossos. He disagreed with the established thesis of Sir Arthur Evans that the Minoan civilization had been extremely peaceful, pointing instead to evidence of a pronounced cult of the dead similar to that of the ancient Egyptian culture of the Old Kingdom. In the book Wohin der Stier Europa trug (1972), he analysed the Minoan excavations from the perspective of geology and identified many contradictions in Evans' theories; for example, the devices called baths are completely unsuitable for bathing, since their sheathing is made of a water-soluble material and there is no drainage. He considered the light wells to be ventilation ducts.
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It is unclear whether the warriors strength comes from training/experience or if the potential lies within the warriors themselves. In addition to all having different names, most warriors (usually high in rank) further their individuality by possessing a unique sword technique, fighting style, or Yoki ability. Examples of sword techniques are: twisting the arm around and thrusting for a drill-like strike, unsheathing and re-sheathing the sword faster than the eye can see, or vibrating the sword so quickly the enemy cannot tell where the blade is coming from. A few fighting styles include: stretching the arm, fighting with two blades, and releasing a burst of Yoki for a momentary burst of speed.
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Once surfaced, Lee lit the fuse on the explosive and tried multiple times to stab the device into the underside of the ship. Unfortunately, after several attempts Lee was not able to pierce Eagles hull and abandoned the operation as the timer on the explosive was due to go off and he feared getting caught at dawn. A popular story held that he failed due to the copper lining covering the ship's hull. The Royal Navy had recently begun installing copper sheathing on the bottoms of their warships to protect from damage by woodworms and other marine life, however the lining was paper-thin and could not have stopped Lee from drilling through it.
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Some military police forces, naval shore patrols, law enforcement and other groups used leather scabbards as a kind of truncheon. Scabbards were historically, albeit rarely, worn across the back, but only by a handful of Celtic tribes, and only with very short lengths of sword. This is because drawing a long, sharp blade over one's shoulder and past one's head from a scabbard on the back is relatively awkward, especially in a hurry, and the length of the arm sets a hard upper limit on how long a blade can be drawn at all in this way. Sheathing the sword again is even harder since it has to be done effectively blind unless the scabbard is taken off first.
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With the outbreak of the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War, France and the Dutch Republic found themselves allied against the Kingdom of Great Britain. The Dutch expected the British to send an expeditionary force to try and capture their Dutch Cape Colony, and Suffren was given command of a 5-ship squadron to reinforce it. The task force comprised the 74-gun Héros (under Suffren) and Annibal (under Trémignon), and the 64-gun Artésien (under Cardaillac), Sphinx (under Du Chilleau) and Vengeur (under Forbin), as well as the 16-gun corvette Fortune (under Lieutenant Lusignan), and seven transports carrying the Régiment de Pondichéry, under Brigadier General Thomas Conway. All these ships had a copper sheathing, except for Fortune and Annibal.
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The observatory facility houses two main telescopes: one 20-inch reflector used primarily for public outreach, and a 32-inch reflector used for teaching and research. It also houses a five-inch solar telescope and an eight-inch refracting telescope. The 32-inch telescope is tied with the Austin-Fellows telescope of the Stull Observatory at Alfred University for being the 2nd-largest optical telescope in the state of New York, the largest being the 40-inch reflector at SUNY Oneonta College Observatory. On its exterior the observatory is covered in aluminum sheathing, making the structure less of a heat polluter than its predecessor whose masonry walls absorbed a lot of daytime solar heat.
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She then went into King's Dock to effectuate repairs.Lloyd's List №5537. The next volume has her having received copper sheathing in 1821, and trade changing to London–Batavia.Lloyd's List (1821), Seq. №379. Captain Richard M. Wichelo sailed on 11 May 1828, via Madeira and the Cape of Good Hope. Borneo arrived at Van Diemen's Land on 8 October. She had embarked 73 female convicts, of whom three died en route.Bateson (1959), p.311.Surgeon’s Journal of Her Majesty’s Female Convict Ship Borneo Mr Oliver Sproule, Surgeon from 17 March 1828 to 17 October 1828Borneo voyage to Van Diemen's Land, Australia in 1828 with 74 passengersThe Eacott History - Page 112 =098782273XJohn Eacott - 2017.
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Non- metallic (NM) sheathed cable Most circuits in the modern North American home and light commercial construction are wired with non-metallic sheathed (NM) cable designated type.Terrell Croft and Wilford Summers (ed), American Electrican's Handbook, Eleventh Edition, McGraw Hill, New York (1987) page 9-86 This type of cable is the least expensive for a given size and is appropriate for dry indoor applications. The designation NM XX-Y indicates, respectively, the type of sheathing (in this case, non-metallic), the size of the main conductors, and the total number of circuit conductors (exclusive of the grounding conductor). For example, NM 14-2 cable contains three conductors (two plus one ground) at 14 gauge, a size typically used for circuits protected at 15 amperes.
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Repairs finally commenced in December 1767, lasting eleven months and costing £5,442, significantly more than the original construction cost of the ship. Despite her small size, Trial was selected in March 1768 as the Navy Board's choice for Captain James Cook's first voyage to the Pacific and subsequent circumnavigation of the Earth. Her selection rested on an assessment of her sturdiness, given the likely length of the voyage, and the lack of similar vessels in port and in reasonable repair. In order to prepare her, the Board proposed that she be fitted with a spar deck over the main decking and copper sheathing along the hull, and that her armament be reduced to six carriage guns and eight swivels in order to make room for additional stores.
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The Philippine Bureau of Coast Guard and Transportation shortly after creation 17 October 1901 and organizing with Captain A. Marix, USN, in charge had ten single screw cutters under contract at Farnham, Boyd & Company, Shanghai, China and five twin screw cutters contracted at Uraga Dock Company, Uraga, Japan. All vessels were to have both passenger and cargo capability as one purpose was to have official communication between isolated parts of the islands and administrative centers. They were to be steel framed with teak hull with copper sheathing with accommodation for about twelve passengers and 150 tons of cargo. Those for the vessels constructed at Uraga Dock Company were for length overall , breadth, and a maximum draft of with a speed of .
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The Philippine Bureau of Coast Guard and Transportation shortly after creation 17 October 1901 and organizing with Captain A. Marix, USN, in charge had ten single screw cutters under contract at Farnham, Boyd & Company, Shanghai, China and five twin screw cutters contracted at Uraga Dock Company, Uraga, Japan. All vessels were to have both passenger and cargo capability as one purpose was to have official communication between isolated parts of the islands and administrative centers. They were to be steel framed with teak hull with copper sheathing with accommodation for about twelve passengers and 150 tons of cargo. Those for the vessels constructed at Uraga Dock Company were for length overall , breadth, and a maximum draft of with a speed of .
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The Thomas Hall House (also known as "Catalpa Hall") is a historic home located along the 3000 block of Tyler Road in Christiansburg, near Childress, Montgomery County, Virginia. The original structure was a four-room log dwelling with one staircase and sat in the top right hand corner of the property, near a natural spring and the current main road. Thomas Hall raised the log dwelling up, situated it upon a set of large logs, and rolled the structure to its current location and began expanding the house throughout 1875 and 1876. He added four rooms (a parlor and three bedrooms) in addition to the preexisting kitchen, dining room, and two upstairs bedrooms - sheathing the preexisting log frame and the new addition with board-and-batten siding.
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The Poinsett Lumber and Manufacturing Company Manager's House, also known locally as the Singer Mansion, is a historic house at 512 Poinsett Avenue in Trumann, Arkansas. It is a single-story structure, with a varied roof line, and multiple exterior sheathing materials, including brick and stucco with false half-timbering typical of the Tudor Revival style, and recently applied modern siding. The house was designed by Edwin B. Phillips and built in 1935 for the Poinsett Lumber Company to house its senior on-site manager. It is, despite the modern siding, the only Tudor Revival building in Trumann, and the only surviving residence associated with the Poinsett Lumber Company, a major area employer in the first half of the 20th century.
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EIFS was developed in Europe after World War II and was initially used to retrofit masonry walls.The Hartford Loss Control Department. "Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems". Technical Information Paper Series. TIPS S 140.012. 1997. 1. Print. EIFS started to be used in North America in the 1960s, at first on commercial masonry buildings. EIFS became very popular in the mid- 1970s due to the oil embargo and the resultant surge in interest in insulating wall systems that conserve energy used for heating and cooling. The use of EIFS over stud-and-sheathing framing instead of over solid walls is a technique used primarily in North America. In the late 1980s problems started developing due to water leakage in EIFS-clad buildings.
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This distinctive flaring tip is called a "yalman" (false edge) and it greatly adds to the cutting power of the sword. Ottoman sabres of the next couple of centuries were often of the Selchuk variety, though the native kilij form was also found; Iranian blades (that did not have the yalman) were fitted with Ottoman hilts. These hilts normally had slightly longer quillons to the guard, which was usually of brass or silver, and sported a rounded termination to the grips, usually made of horn, unlike that seen on Iranian swords (Iranian swords usually had iron guards and the grip terminated in a hook-shape often with a metal pommel sheathing). The finest mechanical damascus and wootz steel were often used in making of these swords.
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Guipuzcoano was sailing as the flagship of Commodore Don Juan Agustín de Yardi, and commanded by Captain Don Tomás de Malay, in late 1779, escorting a convoy of 15 merchants of the Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas from San Sebastián to Cadiz. Also escorting the convoy were four company frigates, the 32-gun San Carlos, 30-gun San Rafael, 28-gun Santa Teresa and 26-gun San Bruno, and two smaller vessels, the 16-gun San Fermín and 10-gun San Vicente. On 8 January 1780 the convoy encountered a large British fleet off Cape Finisterre under Admiral Sir George Rodney, bound for the relief of Gibraltar. Rodney closed on the convoy, the copper sheathing on some of his ships allowing them to outsail the Spanish.
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Combining these British practices with his own knowledge and experiments, Revere was able to ultimately develop a method to produce copper sheathing of at least equal quality to that which the British produced; in 1803, Revere wrote a letter to Joshua Humphreys discussing his copper rolling endeavor. In it, he concluded “Our sheets are as well finished and as soft & as free from scales & cannot be distinguished from English”Martello 2010, p. 303 In 1803, the American government commissioned Revere to roll copper sheets to sheathe the hull of the USS Constitution. Originally, the American government contracted Revere to roll the sheets using a cold rolling technique, but Revere petitioned to roll them hot, with a final cold pass after they annealed.
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Once the interior scaffolding was installed, a thorough evaluative survey of the interior coatings was executed. The acknowledged presumption of most involved in the restoration was that all coatings would be removed from the interior metals, that repairs would be made, that metals would be recoated, and the interior would be adequately weatherproofed. The preexisting interior coatings on both the secondary wrought iron framework and the wrought iron central pylon would be removed along with the multiple layers of coal tar and paint that had been applied to the internal copper sheathing. A New York Times article from February 8, 1984, mentioned that the interior copper which was at that time painted "government green" would be cleaned to resemble the salmon color of a new penny.
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The piers of the bridge are constructed of coursed granite ashlar and the voussoirs are dressed granite with single keystones. The spandrels, the space between the arches, are filled with mortared granite rubble, and the arch barrels are constructed with an estimated 550,000 bricks. The original roadway was made of granite blocks, the seams of which were filled with tar, but this has been modified with modern asphalt paving and with the piers being modified with the addition of reinforced concrete sheathing for the river piers. The iron walkways, produced by Crowell and Sisson, project over both the sides of the bridge with iron brackets. Constructed from 1875-77 at a cost of USD $95,000, the details of the bridge's construction and its architect are unknown.
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She was decommissioned in 1989 and sold in 1991. According to NOAA, many Auke Bay Laboratory scientists described Murre II as "the ideal vessel for Southeast Alaska coastal operations – supporting research efforts and moving people and supplies when and where needed," and she had completed "35 years of distinguished service supporting fisheries research in Southeast Alaska waters" at the time of her decommissioning. She also proved seaworthy, surviving various encounters with severe weather; on one occasion, while returning from a research project, she encountered a storm in the Gulf of Alaska that ripped some of the wood sheathing off her hull, but the nails securing the wood to the hull remained in place and only a few of her above- water cargo bulkheads suffered damage.
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During construction, Saint Phalle recruited Swiss art student , who had been working as a dishwasher in the museum restaurant (in the following years, he would become a vital assistant and collaborator for both Saint Phalle and Tinguely). A team of 8 people worked strenuously for 40 days, first building a frame using metal rebar, covering it with chicken wire, sheathing it with fabric attached with smelly animal glue, and then painting the inside of the enclosure black, and painting the outside in bright colors. The final structure was long and wide, weighing around . The outer form was a giant, reclining sculpture of a pregnant woman (a Nana), whose voluminous interior could be entered through a door-sized vaginal opening between her legs.
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The Harpring Warehouse is a steel- frame metal-clad on a poured concrete floor rectangular storage warehouse, with space for over 20,000 hogsheads of tobacco and the current condition of the site has not changed much since the original building was completed, though the two water towers once located on either end of the warehouse are gone. The gable roof, originally clad in a wood sheathing and built-up tar, peaks at 25 feet at the ridgeline, and 18 feet high along the sides. The ceiling inside the warehouse is tongue and groove wood boards. The facade of the warehouse faces east, and the current owner commissioned a local artist to paint a mural on the metal siding on that end.
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In calculating the R-value of a multi-layered installation, the R-values of the individual layers are added: :R-value(outside air film) \+ R-value(brick) \+ R-value(sheathing) \+ R-value(insulation) \+ R-value(plasterboard) \+ R-value(inside air film) = R-value(total). To account for other components in a wall such as framing, first calculate the U-value (=1/R-value) of each component, then the area- weighted average U-value. The average R-value will be 1/(this average U-value). For example, if 10% of the area is 4 inches of softwood (R-value 5.6) and 90% is 2 inches of silica aerogel (R-value 20), the area-weighted U-value is 0.1/5.6 + 0.9/20 = 0.0629 and the weighted R-value is 1/0.0629 = 15.9.
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Magnesium oxide wallboard (10 mm thickness) Magnesium oxide, more commonly called magnesia, is a versatile mineral that when used as part of a cement mixture and cast into thin cement panels under proper curing procedures and practices can be used in residential and commercial building construction. Some versions are suitable for a wide range of general building uses and for applications that require fire resistance, mold and mildew control, as well as sound control applications and many other benefits. As an environmentally friendly building material, magnesia board has strength and resistance due to very strong bonds between magnesium and oxygen atoms that form magnesium oxide crystals (with the chemical formula MgO). Magnesia boards are used in place of traditional gypsum drywall as wall and ceiling covering material and sheathing.
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It was soon discovered that the sheathing had become detached from the hull in many places because the iron nails which had been used to fasten the copper to the timbers had been "much rotted". Closer inspection revealed that some nails, which were less corroded, were insulated from the copper by brown paper which was trapped under the nail head. The copper had been delivered to the dockyard wrapped in the paper which was not removed before the sheets were nailed to the hull. The obvious conclusion therefore, and the one which had been highlighted in a separate report to the Admiralty in as early as 1763, was that iron should not be allowed direct contact with copper in a sea water environment if severe corrosion of the iron was to be avoided.
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In conjunction with various forms of artillery, the Macedonians possessed the ability to build an effective array of siege engines. Prominent in a number of sieges, including the epic Siege of Tyre (332 BC), were siege towers; these allowed men to approach and assault the enemy walls without being exposed to potentially withering missile fire. Equally, they meant that more men could be put on the walls in a shorter period of time, as simple ladders constrained the men attacking to moving up in single file, thus making the task of defending the walls far easier. These structures, which were wheeled and several stories high, were covered with wet hide or metal sheathing to protect from missile fire, especially incendiaries, and the largest might be equipped with artillery.
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She was refitted twice, in and 1761 and 1779, when she received a copper sheathing. On 2 May 1780, she departed Brest as the flagship of the 7-ship and 3-frigate Expédition Particulière under Admiral Ternay, escorting 36 transports carrying troops to support the Continental Army in the War of American Independence. The squadron comprised the 80-gun Duc de Bourgogne, under Ternay d'Arsac (admiral) and Médine (flag captain); the 74-gun Neptune, under Sochet Des Touches, and Conquérant, under La Grandière; and the 64-gun Provence under Lombard, Ardent under Bernard de Marigny, Jason under La Clocheterie and Éveillé under Le Gardeur de Tilly, and the frigates Surveillante under Villeneuve Cillart, Amazone under La Pérouse, and Bellone. Amazone, which constituted the vanguard of the fleet, arrived at Boston on 11 June 1780.
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W.E. Matthews, a Private in the 33rd Alabama's Company B, left an extremely detailed description of the equipment issued to his regiment by Confederate and state authorities. According to him, their initial clothing issue was as follows: Later, in October 1862, the regiment drew new uniforms upon their return to Knoxville, Tennessee, after the disastrous Kentucky Campaign. Matthews describes: "woolen gray jeans, jacket lined with white cotton sheathing with four C.S.A. brass buttons, a pair of unlined gray jeans pants, a while cotton sheeting shirt and drawers, and white cotton machine-knit [word unintelligible] socks and pair of rough tan brogans, hand-made wooden peg shoes ... Most, or all of us, had been using finger-knit woolen socks, which were sent to us from home."W.E. Mathews Preston Diary and Regimental History, SPR393, Alabama Dept.
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After the collapse of the market in October 1985 the price for tin nearly halved. Tin foil was once a common wrapping material for foods and drugs; replaced in the early 20th century by the use of aluminium foil, which is now commonly referred to as tin foil, hence one use of the slang term "tinnie" or "tinny" for a small pipe for use of a drug such as cannabis or for a can of beer. Today, the word "tin" is often improperly used as a generic term for any silvery metal that comes in sheets. Most everyday materials that are commonly called "tin", such as aluminium foil, beverage cans, corrugated building sheathing and tin cans, are actually made of steel or aluminium, although tin cans (tinned cans) do contain a thin coating of tin to inhibit rust.
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Dutch ship Fin de la guerre of 1585 on which the Dutch rebels put great expectations Ship armour is to be distinguished from the practice of hull sheathing for preservational reasons, namely the protection against marine wood-boring worms. Greek merchantmen were fitted with lead sheets for that purpose by the 5th century BC. A notable Roman example were the excavated Nemi Ships with an underwater hull covered by a thin layer of lead. The practice was resumed by the Spanish and Portuguese in the Age of Exploration, while the British Royal Navy began to copper their war ships in the 1760s. The huge Syracusia, built by the Greek tyrant Hiero II of Syracuse around 240 BC, featured bronze-clad mast-tops for marines and an iron palisade on its fighting deck against enemy boarding attempts.
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In 1779 he was a Savio alla Mercanzia (trade commissioner) he promoted reforms such as the reduction of tax on silk, the opening of new shops at Sebenico, and the transfer of the Venetian consulate in Egypt from Cairo to the port city of Alexandria. In 1780 he was a Provveditore ai Beni Inculti (commissioner on uncultivated lands) and laid out plans for the draining of the Adige marshlands around Verona, a project begun already by Zaccaria Betti. However, once again due to lack of funds, the plans were not carried out. In 1782–1784 he served as director of the Venetian Arsenal (Inquisitore all'Arsenale), which he restored and reformed, beginning construction of new models of ships, imported from England and France, introducing copper sheathing, improved the methods for the manufacture of hawsers and rigging, and increased the salaries of non-noble officers.
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Like her sister ship, Celebrity Edge, Celebrity Apex is equipped with the "Magic Carpet," an orange cantilevered platform suspended along the starboard side of the ship that can move vertically between the top and bottom decks. The platform is designed to facilitate more seamless tender service and also create more guest space when at sea. More of the Edge's features unique to the company fleet carry over to Apex, including the "infinite veranda" balcony staterooms that integrate the balcony patios into the cabins' structure, a three-deck aft dining and performance venue called "Eden," and an outdoor garden on the top deck. She is also similarly designed to maximize fuel efficiency with her "parabolic ultrabow", a bow vertically rising towards its decks that provides additional sheathing for the bulbous bow and also houses the propellers to reduce drag.
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The design of these ships was based upon the design of , but in making the adaptation from this ship's design to the requirements of a wooden hull, Reed had only the behaviour of to learn from, and the tendency of her class to sag amidships had not at that time been recognised. Both ships were built with a beam equal to Royal Oak, and some twenty feet shorter. Their hulls were a complex sandwich structure, consisting of an inner layer of oak ribs thick, a iron skin, of oak support and backing for the armour, an armour layer of 4.5 to 5.5 inches (114–140 mm) in thickness, and a thin sheathing of anti-fouling Muntz metal. It was believed at the time that the 15-inch Dahlgren guns carried by the American monitors would fail to penetrate this sandwich.
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The multispan stayed or cable bridge suffered damages to one of the stay cables with a minor damage to an adjoining cable during a fire that was created due to an accident on March 17, 2007 between two school buses and a truck at the middle span of the bridge. The truck was carrying coconuts, which was the reason for the fire. After closing the bridge for vehicular traffic temporarily, the cable was replaced; though traffic was partially restored when the cable replacement started. Analysis of the cause of the fire by the American Society of Civil Engineers and the China Communications and Transportation Association indicated that the High-density polyethylene (HDPE) sheathing, which has hydrocarbon composition, was not ideally fire resistant as it caught fire and created the additional fire load which resulted in snapping of one cable line.
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Other sources of scrap lead, such as recovered bullets, lead cable sheathing, lead pipe, or even lead–acid battery plates, (EXTREME caution should be used as modern battery components, when melted, can yield hazardous, even deadly gases) can yield usable lead with some degree of effort, including purification and measuring of hardness.Nonte, chapter 8, "Casting and Swaging Bullets" Cast bullets are also the cheapest bullets to buy, though generally only handgun bullets are available in this form. Some firearms manufacturers, such as those using polygonal rifling like Glock and H&K;, advise against the use of cast bullets. For shooters who would like to shoot cast bullets, aftermarket barrels are generally available for these models with conventional rifling, and the cost of the barrel can generally be recouped in ammunition savings after a few thousand rounds.
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In the 17th century, Samuel Pepys (then serving as Admiralty Secretary) agreed to the removal of lead sheathing from English Royal Navy vessels to prevent the mysterious disintegration of their rudder-irons and bolt-heads, though he confessed himself baffled as to the reason the lead caused the corrosion. The problem recurred when vessels were sheathed in copper to reduce marine weed accumulation and protect against shipworm. In an experiment, the Royal Navy in 1761 had tried fitting the hull of the frigate HMS Alarm with 12-ounce copper plating. Upon her return from a voyage to the West Indies, it was found that although the copper remained in fine condition and had indeed deterred shipworm, it had also become detached from the wooden hull in many places because the iron nails used during its installation "were found dissolved into a kind of rusty Paste".
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Although many of the armature bars were replaced in 1937–38, the restoration effort involved the successful attempt to replace nearly every ribbon-like armature bar that made up the unique internal structure of the statue (as the bars are not connected to the copper skin, but are held in place by the copper saddles that are riveted into the copper skin). A New York Times article from December 17, 1985 indicated that the most serious internal problem with the statue was the corrosion that had taken place in the iron armatures which provide the support to the copper sheathing. Eiffel knew that galvanic reaction would immediately pose a problem, owing to the dissimilarity of the metals used in the statue (copper and iron), which unless insulated would corrode rapidly. However, the method used to try and prevent galvanic corrosion of the armature system had proven to be ineffective.
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A group of volunteers organized in 2008 to rehabilitate the depot. In 2009 and 2010, the West Virginia State Historic Preservation Office and the Governor's Office of Economic Development provided a grant to the town for initial work to repair the roof and in 2010, the WV Eastern Panhandle Regional Planning and Development Council awarded the town a $32,000 West Virginia Energy Efficiency & Conservation Grant to pay some of the cost of installation and replacement of the HVAC system and insulation. That year, extensive carpentry repair of the roof sheathing was performed and during the summer, most of the historic roof tiles were removed and stored for incorporating into a roof rehabilitation. Then, in 2011, the depot was issued a Federal Highway Administration Transportation Enhancement grant to refurbish the distinctive tile roof, restore the interior to its 1915-era look and rehabilitate some of the surrounding land.
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They would not provide details about plutonium chemistry or metallurgy, although irradiated uranium slugs were made available for the British to work it out for themselves. A sticking point was the director of the Montreal Laboratory, Hans von Halban, who was a poor administrator, did not work well with the Canadians, and was regarded as a security risk by the Americans. In April 1944 a Combined Policy Committee meeting at Washington agreed that Montreal Laboratory scientists who were not British subjects would leave, and Cockcroft would become the new director of the Montreal Laboratory in May 1944. ZEEP reactor in February 1954 with NRX and NRU (under construction, in background) On 24 August 1944, the decision was taken to build a small reactor in order to test the Montreal Laboratory's calculations relating to such matters as lattice dimensions, sheathing materials, and control rods, before proceeding with the full-scale NRX reactor.
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When radiant solar energy strikes a roof, heating the roofing material (shingles, tiles or roofing sheets) and roof sheathing by conduction, it causes the underside of the roof surface and the roof framing to radiate heat downward through the roof space (attic / ceiling cavity) toward the attic floor / upper ceiling surface. When a radiant barrier is placed between the roofing material and the insulation on the attic floor, much of the heat radiated from the hot roof is reflected back toward the roof and the low emissivity of the underside of the radiant barrier means that very little radiant heat is emitted downwards. This makes the top surface of the insulation cooler than it would have been without a radiant barrier and thus reduces the amount of heat that moves through the insulation into the rooms below. This is different from the cool roof strategy which reflects solar energy before it heats the roof, but both are means of reducing radiant heat.
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Despite some conflicting traditional attributions of this work, a 1524 letter written by Pietro Summonte certifies beyond possible error that both Spaniards worked on the chapel, and although the letter refers only to the altarpiece, in view of similarities to the architectural organization of the retrochoir of the Cathedral of Barcelona the marble sheathing and architecture of the circular chapel (later echoed by the Guadix Cathedral) can probably also be attributed to Ordoñez. The altarpiece includes an excellent relief representing the Adoration of the Magi, with a delicate pyramidal composition reminiscent of Leonardo da Vinci, very balanced, and a perfect, nearly painterly, technique. This may not be Ordóñez's only work in Naples: he is believed to have designed and executed funerary monuments of Galeazzo Pandone in the Church of San Domenico Maggiore and of Andrea Bonifacio Cicaro in the Church of Saints Severinus and Sosius. Right side of the retrochoir of the Cathedral of Barcelona.
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Photo of projection of Sacred Hearts onto basilica dome, January 23 to February 7, 2004 During work on the church's exterior walls in 1918, a policeman, Charles Fennell, discovered a frieze in the old sacristy: "Fennell, watching workmen engaged in buttressing the walls of the building, had his attention attracted by streaks of color flashing from pealing kalsomine on what was once the interior of the old sacristy ... one of the details looked like a horse shoe, and what resembled a hand or a running or gesticulating figure of man could also be discerned." According to the same article, "The old sacristy walls were preserved with a sheathing of wood by Father Prendergast away back in 1862." By 1918 the mural had already been covered for over 120 years. On April 10, 1936, Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) documentation was undertaken by photographer Robert Kerrigan, who recorded black and white photographs of the central niche.
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After completion of surveys in the north during 1879 and a repair period, Bache returned to the work in Florida at Charlotte Harbor, anchoring there on January 30, 1880. Immediate work in the area was completed May 14, and then an investigation of the Gulf shore and erection of signals was interrupted by breakdown and then weather. The ship left for Baltimore on May 26, where she underwent a major overhaul that included "complete sheathing of wood three inches in thickness" with copper and a new steam capstan and donkey boiler for heating and producing pure drinking water. The overhauled Bache, now under the command of Lieutenant Commander Eugene B. Thomas, USN, spent late summer of 1881 surveying in the vicinity of New York between Sandy Hook and Coney Island, including the ship channel into The Narrows. On completion the ship spent December 19, 1881, through April 14, 1882, resurveying Norfolk Harbor and then transited to the east coast of Florida.
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In it he recommended "copper sheathing" as a solution to the problems of ship worm in warm tropical waters, and the effect on speed of tendrils of seaweed latching onto hulls. The letter itself does not survive and is obliquely referred to in other official correspondence held by the National Maritime Museum; it may have contained or been coincidental with a critical new technical breakthrough of protecting the iron bolting by applying thick paper between the copper plates and the hull. This had recently been trialled successfully (probably) on . This breakthrough was to be what would win over the Admiralty. Fisher's letter was seen by the new Navy Board Controller Charles Middleton, who had the major problem at the time with supplying over 100 ships for the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), which was compounded that same year (1778) by French opportunism in declaring war on Britain to support the American rebels.
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Muntz's new metal contained more copper, less zinc, and a bit of iron not present in a similar 56:44 alloy patented by William Collins in 1800. Production began on Water Street, Birmingham, but moved to Swansea in 1837. In 1842 he bought the French Walls Works in Smethwick, formerly the site of James Watt Jr.'s ironworks. The site soon proved inadequate, and in 1850 a further were bought, on the other side of the Birmingham, Wolverhampton & Stour Valley Railway. Eventually as the business outgrew Muntz’s own rolling mill in Birmingham, he joined in partnership with Pascoe Grenfell and sons who produced it at their Swansea mill as ‘Muntz’s Patent Metal Company’. They and other partners then fixed the prices of the alloy at £18 per ton lower than the market price for the equivalent copper product, serving to establish Muntz Metal as the sheathing of choice where transport costs still kept it as an efficient competitor.
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The authorship of the Regina caeli is unknown. It has been traced back to the 12th century and is found in an antiphonary of about 1200 now in St Peter's Basilica, Rome.Wolfgang Breitschneider, "Marianische Antiphonen" in Walter Kasper (ed.), Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche (third edition), volume 6 (Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1997), 1358 In the first half of the 13th century it was in Franciscan use, after compline. Jacobus da Varagine's thirteenth-century Golden Legend includes a story that, during a procession with an image of the Blessed Virgin that was held to pray for the ending of a pestilence in Rome, angels were heard singing the first three lines of the Regina caeli antiphon, to which Pope Gregory the Great (590−604) thereupon added the fourth, after which he saw atop what in consequence is called the Castel Sant'Angelo a vision of an angel sheathing his sword, thus signifying the cessation of the plague.
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The passage and southeast room had dark olive green trim with doors grain-painted as yellow pine; the southwest room had white trim, light blue plaster, and grain-painted pine doors; the pent closets had blue trim and shelves with white-painted wood sheathed walls; the passage closet beaufat was blue with the glazed doors painted red; the northeast room had white trim; the garret chambers had green trim; the center room in the garret had blue trim, with white-painted wood sheathing above the wainscot and a balustrade with a red newel and yellow square pickets. In the yard in the 1970s, a late 19th-century kitchen survived northwest of the house. It had been moved in the 20th century from a position southeast of the house and its chimney demolished. Northwest of the house, an early unlined well was embellished in the 1970s by an early 19th-century combination well shelter and storage building which formerly stood on the original site of the 1775 Lane-Bennett house near Macedonia in Wake County.
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Rainscreen cladding principle Air circulating scheme A rainscreen is an exterior wall detail where the siding (wall cladding) stands off from the moisture-resistant surface of an air/water barrier applied to the sheathing to create a capillary break and to allow drainage and evaporation. The rainscreen is the cladding or siding itselfMicheal J. Lough and David Altenhofen, "The Rain Screen Principle" but the term rainscreen implies a system of building. Ideally the rainscreen prevents the wall air/water barrier from getting wet but because of cladding attachments and penetrations (such as windows and doors) water is likely to reach this point, and hence materials are selected to be moisture tolerant and integrated with flashing. In some cases a rainscreen wall is called a pressure-equalized rainscreen wall where the ventilation openings are large enough for the air pressure to nearly equalize on both sides of the rain screen,Brown, W. C, Rousseau, M. Z., and Dalgliesh, W. A., "Field Testing of Pressure-Equalized Rain Screen Walls," Donaldson, Barry, ed.. Exterior wall systems: glass and concrete technology, design, and construction.
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In addition to the Second Empire-style main dwelling, the estate retains a complement of period service buildings, all rendered in frame construction, all reflecting the architectural tenets of the nationally significant Picturesque movement largely popularized in this region through the exertions of Newburgh native and author A. J. Downing; his sometime collaborator the New York City architect A.J. Davis; and former Downing associates Vaux and Withers. These include a carriage barn that is distinguished by board-and-batten sheathing, an intersecting gable trimmed with Gothic Revival-style bargeboard, and a cupola or vent embellished by quatrefoil motifs; a -story gatehouse sheathed in horizontal siding; a board- and-batten sheathed stable with gable embellished with bargeboard; and a frame ice-house with pitched roof, the eaves of which are enlivened by exposed purlins, a typical Picturesque device. There is likewise an original Tutton greenhouse that was restored in 1999. Adding cohesion to these resources is the original carriage road that connects Stonegate Drive with the outbuildings and main dwelling, as well as elements of the original Picturesque-inspired landscape treatments.
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Flowers. Short stemmed, usually unbranched, stoloniferous herb to 10-30 cm high, forming extensive dense carpets, leaves equitant, roots bright orange-red, some plants forming dwarf shrublets to 50 cm high on grey more or less erect stems. Leaves bright to dark green and shiny above concolorous, paler and dull beneath, polymorph, sessile, short and long petiolate leaves even on the same plant, lanceolate, smooth thin coriaceous, lamina to 15 cm long and 4 cm wide, leaf tip descending, gradually tapering into c. 1 cm mucro acuminate to caudate, mucro to 1 cm long, base cuneate. Pseudopetiole green, caniculate when short petiolate, furrowed on the upper side when long petiolate, gradually extend into a short sheathing base, clasping the stem for distinctly more than its circumference. Inflorescence smooth, green below towards purple near the top, terminal, erect, spicate, to 30 cm long, bracts, 2-4, lanceolate ligulate, green with purple base, to 50 mm × 4 mm, early caducous, distally decreasing in size, flowers clustered 5-7 cm near the top the spike.
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In the 1990s, the tendons on pillar 11 appeared to be most damaged. About 30% of the tendons had corroded away. The load of the bridge was per tendon, while the tendons were originally capable of carrying . A single truck can weigh as much as . As of the collapse of the bridge, only pillar 11 had been internally inspected in the 1990s, showing severed and oxidized strands. From 1990 onward, the easternmost pillar 11 had its stays strengthened by flanking them with external steel cables. Pillar 10 had the stays at the top strengthened with steel sheathing in the 1990s. Following the collapse, many questions have been raised about the stays. In 1979/1980, Morandi's similarIn the Venezuelan bridge the stays was not covered with prestressed concrete bridge in Venezuela suffered one or more stay cable failures with collapse imminent. The then-minister of infrastructures and transport Graziano Delrio, who was in charge until 1 June 2018, was informed several times during 2016 in the Italian parliament that the Morandi bridge needed maintenance.
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Ewen Adair Whitaker (22 June 1922 – 11 October 2016) was a British-born astronomer who specialized in lunar studies.Ewen Whitaker, Who Guided NASA to the Moon, Dies at 94 New York Times obituary by William Grimes 27 October 2016 During World War II he was engaged in quality control for the lead sheathing of hollow cables strung under the English Channel as part of the "Pipe Line Under The Ocean" Project (PLUTO) to supply gasoline to Allied military vehicles in France. After the war, he obtained a position at the Royal Greenwich Observatory working on the UV spectra of stars, but became interested in lunar studies. As a sideline, Whitaker drew and published the first accurate chart of the South Polar area of the Moon in 1954, and served as director of the Lunar Section of the British Astronomical Association. After meeting Dr. Gerard P. Kuiper, Director of Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin, USA, at an International Astronomical Union meeting in Dublin in 1955, he was invited to join Kuiper's fledgling Lunar Project at Yerkes to work on producing a high-quality photographic atlas of the Moon.
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