191 Sentences With "quadriplegia" | Random Sentence Generator

Her response to her quadriplegia is dismay, frustration, and rage.

In 22017, they added spastic quadriplegia, a form of cerebral palsy.

The evidence that quadriplegia revitalized his work is even more slender.

Alba and Anastasia were born prematurely, with cerebral palsy and spastic quadriplegia.

He had cerebral palsy with spastic quadriplegia, seizures, and a feeding tube.

She died in April at the age of 77 from complications from her quadriplegia.

Without treatment, the tumour can slowly compress the brain stem and spinal chord, causing quadriplegia.

According to the documents, the woman suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder.

Somoza was diagnosed with cerebral palsy and spastic quadriplegia when she was born and uses a wheelchair.

The way that we were enabled to do that in the story was through his condition, his quadriplegia.

Ms. Mincey, 20, died this week from complications from her quadriplegia, her lawyer, Theodore Leopold, announced on Wednesday.

Specific events reported include, but are not limited to, spinal cord infarction, paraplegia, quadriplegia, cortical blindness, and stroke.

This resulted in quadriplegia, meaning he is paralyzed from the chest down and doesn't have any function in his fingers.

In that event, the matador uses another sword to try to sever the bull's spinal cord or brain stem, causing quadriplegia.

It's believed to be the first instance of overcoming quadriplegia with help from temporarily implanted brain-recording and brain-stimulating technologies.

For the past three years, I've been using this groundbreaking technology, called NeuroLife, to bypass a spinal injury that left me with quadriplegia.

And I don't think we were trying to present the idea that quadriplegia is this hellish situation that only being able-bodied can cure.

She first spoke with Anastasia Somoza, the 32-year old woman diagnosed with cerebral palsy and spastic quadriplegia who interned for Clinton's Senate office.

In the coming days, Scheuermann was given an fMRI, to learn whether her motor cortex, after a decade of quadriplegia, was still functioning normally.

The doctors' study, published by the journal Nature, is the first account of limb reanimation, as it is known, in a person with quadriplegia.

According to a study published in May in the journal Nature, this is the first example of limb reanimation in a person with quadriplegia.

There are more than 3 million people in the world that would benefit from the Wheelie: people with ALS, quadriplegia, victims of stroke, etc.

"I think Louisiana has a chance to do something I would really appreciate," says Jacob Irving, a pro-marijuana activist who suffers from spastic quadriplegia.

In The Upside, Cranston plays Phillip Lacasse, a wealthy man with quadriplegia who becomes friends with an ex-con (Kevin Hart) serving as his caretaker.

In her 10s and physically fit, Sandy has a 10-year-old daughter, Jessica, who has quadriplegia, is nonverbal and needs assistance with all daily activities.

As a black woman with incomplete quadriplegia and chronic pain, and as a full-time manual wheelchair user, my own ability to move freely is frequently restricted.

Anything in the middle of the spine will cause paraplegia, or lower limb paralysis, and higher points of injury may result in quadriplegia, or paralysis in all four limbs.

The absence of people with disabilities in government today mirrors the absence I saw 28503 years ago when I ran for New York State Senate as a woman with quadriplegia.

After being transferred from Coffee Creek to another facility, Westwood says most of his care was administered by prisoner orderlies who didn't understand the needs of a person with quadriplegia.

The committee cited the example of a 23-year-old New Jersey woman whose quadriplegia resulted from brain injuries that a government investigator said were caused by a faulty Takata air bag.

For example, if a quadriplegic child goes to the doctor because of bedsores, doctors often write down the reason the child came in -- the bedsores -- instead of the more serious diagnosis of quadriplegia.

According to the documents, she "lacks sufficient understanding and mental capacity to make decisions or give consents for her medical, placement or financial estate" and suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder.

The plotline of the film was viewed by many as ableist, presenting Will's quadriplegia as an unbearable circumstance and a burden on his loved ones, but the problems with the movie don't end there.

This is important, because people who have lost motor control and mobility due to quadriplegia or ALS can't use their hands or any others parts of the their body to get accustomed to the system.

Yet invasive research carries a risk of infection and is usually reserved for patients with catastrophic high-spinal cord injuries, like those that result in quadriplegia, or in people with uncontrollable seizures due to epilepsy.

In the documents, it said the woman "lacks sufficient understanding and mental capacity to make decisions or give consents for her medical, placement or financial estate" and suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder.

Designed by Paulo Gurgel Pinheiro -- a Brazil-based Intel® Innovator, co-founder and CEO of HOOBOX Robotics -- Wheelie could radically improve the lives of millions whose mobility has been compromised by ALS, quadriplegia, and stroke.

The documents obtained by PEOPLE state the patient "lacks sufficient understanding and mental capacity to make decisions or give consents for her medical, placement or financial estate" and suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder.

But after she posted "My Beautiful Struggle," a clip that that showed how she applies makeup as a person with quadriplegia, someone without the ability to open or move her hands, she's become an entirely new kind of inspiration.

Then his good friend Teddy Hall (Hugh Bonneville) helps him invent a wheelchair with a battery-powered respirator that allows him to leave the confines of his bed — and radically improves the lives of many other people with quadriplegia as well.

Thankful, but worried Matthew King, a mechanic from east London, attended the NHS Anti-Swindle screening with his partner, Theresa, and son, Raven, who lives with multiple conditions including cerebral palsy, brain damage and quadriplegia due to his premature birth.

As a result of a complication during pregnancy, Cindy says, he was born with a form of cerebral palsy known as spastic quadriplegia with static encephalopathy, which meant permanent brain damage and severely limited eyesight because of cortical vision impairment.

Anastasia Somoza, advocate for people with disabilities "Hillary Clinton sees me ... Donald Trump doesn't see me, he doesn't hear me, and he definitely doesn't speak for me," said Somoza, who was diagnosed with cerebral palsy and spastic quadriplegia when she was born.

" Other Callahan cartoons feature the Anorexic Café (" Now Closed 24 Hours a Day ") and a man in a wheelchair composing a poem titled "Quadriplegia": "Roses are red, and begonias are thick, I can feel my hands, but I can't feel my dick.

The victim, at the facility since she was a toddler, "lacks sufficient understanding and mental capacity to make decisions or give consents for her medical, placement or financial estate" and suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder, according to her medical records.

The movie is about Phillip (Bryan Cranston), a millionaire with quadriplegia who hires Dell (Kevin Hart), a down-and-out ex-con who shows up for a job interview as a caretaker just to get a signature so he can keep his parole officer happy.

The victim, at the facility since she was a toddler, "lacks sufficient understanding and mental capacity to make decisions or give consents for her medical, placement or financial estate" and suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder, according to her medical records.

Image: UPMC and University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health SciencesResearchers from the University of Pittsburgh and UPMC have developed a system that's enabling a man with quadriplegia to experience the sensation of touch through a robotic arm that he controls with his brain.

And, in fact, a number of experts told CNN Business that Neuralink could, in the coming years, be a boon for people with conditions such as quadriplegia, enabling increased independence and ushering potentially life-transforming technology out of the lab and into the real world.

The patient, who has been identified as a 29-year-old Native American, has been under the care of the facility since she was between ages 21213-3, according to the documents, which also state that the woman suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder.

As Gypsy grew up, Dee Dee trapped her in a tangle of bogus diagnoses: She was confined to a wheelchair due to purported quadriplegia, even though she knew she could walk; a feeding tube was plugged into her abdomen; and she was dosed with unnecessary medications.

Medical records earlier obtained by PEOPLE state the woman — a resident of the facility since she was a toddler — "lacks sufficient understanding and mental capacity to make decisions or give consents for her medical, placement or financial estate" and suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder.

Medical records earlier obtained by PEOPLE state the victim — a resident of the facility since she was a toddler — "lacks sufficient understanding and mental capacity to make decisions or give consents for her medical, placement or financial estate" and suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder.

The woman, who has been a resident of the Phoenix long-term care facility operated by Hacienda HealthCare since she was a toddler, "lacks sufficient understanding and mental capacity to make decisions or give consents for her medical, placement or financial estate" and suffers from quadriplegia, recurrent pneumonia and a seizure disorder, according to her medical records.

The condition of paralysis affecting four limbs is alternately termed tetraplegia or quadriplegia. Quadriplegia combines the Latin root quadra, for "four", with the Greek root πληγία plegia, for "paralysis". Tetraplegia uses the Greek root τετρα tetra for "four". Quadriplegia is the common term in North America; tetraplegia is more commonly used in Europe.

This class includes people with several disability types include cerebral palsy, quadriplegia and amputations.

People with cerebral palsy have an increased risk of epilepsy, with half of people with spastic quadriplegia and spastic hemiplegia having the disease.

Trimi was born in Milan, Italy. She has an acquired form of degenerative muscular condition which has resulted in quadriplegia and muscle contractions.

Spastic quadriplegia, also known as spastic tetraplegia, is a subset of spastic cerebral palsy that affects all four limbs (both arms and legs). Compared to quadriplegia, spastic tetraplegia is defined by spasticity of the limbs as opposed to strict paralysis. It is distinguishable from other forms of cerebral palsy in that those afflicted with the condition display stiff, jerky movements stemming from hypertonia of the muscles. Spastic quadriplegia, while affecting all four limbs more or less equally, can still present parts of the body as stiffer than others, such as one arm being tighter than another arm, and so forth.

The cerebral palsy sport classification system is designed for people with several types of paralysis and movement including quadriplegia, triplegia, diplegia, hemiplegia, monoplegia, spasticity, athetosis, and ataxia. Quadriplegia impacts the whole body, including the head, torso and all the limbs. Triplegia impacts three of the four limbs. Diplegia is when there is greater functional use of the lower limbs than the upper limbs.

Dobelle's Avery Biomedical Devices also created the portable breathing pacemaker, which has been used by patients with quadriplegia, central apnea, and other respiratory ailments.

Spinal Cord Injuries Australia (SCIA) is a non-government organisation which provides advocacy and services to people with spinal cord injury (paraplegia, quadriplegia) and similar conditions.

A bilateral infarction in the pyramids of the medulla can result in motor quadriplegia. This is rare, however, as there have only been four cases of this reported.

Such an injury may well lead to spinal cord involvement, and as a consequence quadriplegia or death may occur. More commonly, subluxation occurs at the C6/C7 level (50% of cases).

Despite these claims, the only case of quadriplegia in the history of Aussie Rules was suffered by Footscray's Neil Sachse in the 1970s, and which was both accidental and not related to a bump.

On Canada Day July 1, 2015, Barbara Turnbull was posthumously called to the Order of Canada, for her journalism and for her dedication to helping to improve the lives of those suffering from quadriplegia.

Such an erosion (>3mm) can give rise to vertebrae slipping over one another and compressing the spinal cord. Clumsiness is initially experienced, but without due care, this can progress to quadriplegia or even death.

Surgical treatment for absent single- hand grip and elbow extension in quadriplegia. Principles and preliminary experience. Moberg E. J Bone, Joint Surg 1975;57A:196–206. A publication by FriedenbergTransposition of the biceps brachii for triceps weakness.

Injuries to the spinal cord are classified as quadriplegia or paraplegia depending on the location of damage to the spinal cord, also known as the severity of the injury. Quadriplegia - The nerves that supply feeling and movement to the arms and hands, as well as the nerves of the diaphragm come from the nerve roots in the cervical spinal cord (C1-C7) or neck region. If the spinal cord is injured in this area, movement and sensation may be interrupted to the arms and hands as well as the rest of the body, including muscles in the abdomen, chest and legs as well as bladder, bowel, and sexual function. If the injury is high enough that the diaphragm is affected, breathing problems will also occur; thus, quadriplegia is a condition that causes paralysis of both the upper and lower limbs.

Dave Jacka became quadriplegic after a motorbike accident in 1988. With C5/6 complete quadriplegia, he was left with 6% physical function.(30 May 2013) "Inspirational quadriplegic sets down in Mandurah" Mandurah Mail. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

The film was screened at the United Nations uncut. One of its stars, Mark Zupan, winced when describing how embarrassed he was to have his mother hear his remarks on the sex lives of persons with quadriplegia.

Spastic quadriplegia can be detected by the abnormal development of motor skills in children. Symptoms can present themselves as early as three months but are generally seen before the child reaches two years of age. Some warning signs include: a child of more than two months who has stiff legs that scissor and is unable to control his or her head, and a child of more than twelve months who has not developed the ability to crawl or stand. Spastic quadriplegia also presents a range of symptoms that affect the musculature.

Spastic tetraplegia (all four limbs affected equally). People with spastic quadriplegia are the least likely to be able to walk, or if they can, to want to walk, because their muscles are too tight and it is too much effort to do so. Some children with quadriplegia also have hemiparetic tremors, an uncontrollable shaking that affects the limbs on one side of the body and impairs normal movement. Occasionally, terms such as monoplegia, paraplegia, triplegia, and pentaplegia may also be used to refer to specific manifestations of the spasticity.

In 2015, fourteen chapters of Batavia's unfinished memoir were discovered on a hard drive. The family completed the memoir, which Batavia had titled Wisdom from a Chair.Batavia AI, Batavia M. Wisdom from a Chair: Thirty Years of Quadriplegia. Bradenton, Florida: Booklocker.

If four limbs are affected by paralysis, tetraplegia or quadriplegia is the correct term. If only one limb is affected, the correct term is monoplegia. Spastic paraplegia is a form of paraplegia defined by spasticity of the affected muscles, rather than flaccid paralysis.

The creators of MindRDR suggest that this tool could be used to help people with severe physical disabilities, such as locked-in syndrome and quadriplegia interact with the digital world, however there has been no research published as yet to show its efficacy.

In contrast, quadriplegia and kyphosiseMedicine Specialties > Pulmonology > Interstitial Lung Diseases > Restrictive Lung Disease Author: Lalit K Kanaparthi, MD, Klaus-Dieter Lessnau, MD, Sat Sharma, MD. Updated: 27 July 2009 are examples of causes of restrictive lung disease that do not necessarily involve pulmonary fibrosis.

Mark was born on 26 February 1957 in New Zealand. He is from Wynnum, Queensland. He has incomplete quadriplegia as a result of bacterial meningitis when he was thirty-five years old. He was a 2011 Queensland Sporting Wheelies Senior Male Athlete of the Year nominee.

Othersfocus on users living with severe motor disabilities, such as cerebral palsy, or with quadriplegia, and the role of the smart wheelchair is to interpret small muscular activations as high-level commands and execute them. Such wheelchairs typically employ techniques from artificial intelligence, such as path-planning.

Many conditions that cause paraplegia or quadriplegia begin as monoplegia. Thus, the diagnosis of spinal paraplegia must also be consulted. In addition, multiple cerebral disorders that cause hemiplegia may begin as monoplegia. Monoplegia is also frequently associated with, and considered to be the mildest form of, cerebral palsy.

On April 5, 2007, Stingley died at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago after being discovered unresponsive in his home. His death was attributed to heart disease and pneumonia complicated by quadriplegia. The Cook County Medical Examiner Kendall Von Crowns, MD listed Stingley's manner of death as an accident.

He has no movement below his armpits, limited arm function, no finger function, and cannot regulate his body temperature.(4 May 2013) "Quadriplegia can't keep Dave from epic flight" Illawarra Mercury. Retrieved 14 October 2013. Jacka was also a founding member of the Physically Challenged Shooters Club, based in Springvale, Victoria.

Comparing key muscle innervations for spinal cord levels compared to cycling and athletics classifications. Wheelchair sport classification includes a number of disabilities that cause problems with the spinal cord. These include paraplegia, quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome and spina bifida. Minimal qualification for wheelchair sport is minimal body function impairment.

During medical school, Palipana was involved in a car accident causing a spinal cord injury and quadriplegia. He was 25 years old at the time. The 2010 motor vehicle accident occurred on Brisbane's Gateway Motorway. A physician attending the accident scene with emergency services had taught Palipana during medical school.

T33 and CP3 are disability sport classification for disability athletics. The class competes using a wheelchair. The classification is one of eight for people with cerebral palsy, and one of four for people with cerebral palsy who use a wheelchair. Athletes in this class have moderate quadriplegia, and difficulty with forward trunk movement.

Celeste Dandeker (born c. 1952) is a British dancer who fell and was left with quadriplegia. She is known for co-founding the Candoco Dance Company which features both disabled and able-bodied dancers. She has danced, designed costumes, created dances and she became the artistic director and then patron of Candoco.

In 1965 Milani Comparetti distinguished diplegia from tetraplegia by considering the patient's upper limb's ability to express a sufficient support reaction. Thus diplegia usually refers to just symmetry of one body part or limb, as the legs, or arms. While tetraplegia or quadriplegia refers to paralysis of all 4, both arms and legs.

If four limbs are affected by paralysis, tetraplegia or quadriplegia is the correct term. If only one limb is affected, the correct term is monoplegia. Spastic paraplegia is a form of paraplegia defined by spasticity of the affected muscles, rather than flaccid paralysis. The American Spinal Injury Association classifies spinal cord injury severity.

Many experience contractures, which are defined as joints that cannot be stretched or moved. Clonus is another symptom that is characterized by alternating, rapid muscle contraction and relaxation. This presents itself as tremors and scissoring of the limbs. Distonia, or lasting muscle contractions and tightness, is also often experienced by those affected by spastic quadriplegia.

I. Historical: Anatomy and physiology of tendon., Mayer L. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1916;22:182–97. Moberg’s idea of posterior deltoid transfer to restore elbow extension has been used extensively by many surgeons, such as BryanThe Moberg deltoid-triceps replacement and key-pinch operations in quadriplegia: preliminary report experiences., Bryan RS. Hand 1977;9:207–14.

Severn was born in Cass City, Michigan in the United States in 1968. Whilst serving as a United States Army Reserve he was struck by lightning and thrown over thirty meters. The resulting trauma left him with quadriplegia. Severn is married to his wife Brenda and has three children named Nicole, Kyle, and Colton.

This loss of function and ataxia of peripheral nerves and spinal cord is the phenomenon of OPIDP. Once the symptoms begin with shooting pains in both legs, the symptoms continue to worsen for 3–6 months. In the most severe cases quadriplegia has been observed. Treatment only affects sensory nerves, not motor neurons which may permanently lose function.

Darryl Floyd Stingley (September 18, 1951April 5, 2007) was an American professional football player, a wide receiver whose career was ended at age 25 by an on-field spinal cord injury. He played his entire five-year career with the New England Patriots of the National Football League, and died from heart disease and pneumonia complicated by quadriplegia.

The afflicted may have relatively small amounts of pain that will quickly increase in severity over a time period of 6–12 weeks. The skin temperature around the bone may increase, a bony swelling may be evident, and movement may be restricted in adjacent joints. Spinal lesions may cause quadriplegia and patients with skull lesions may have headaches.

Primary symptoms of the disease are developmental delay, progressive intellectual disability, hypotonia (low muscle tone), spasticity (stiffness of the limbs) possibly leading to quadriplegia, and progressive dementia. Seizures may include epilepsia partialis continua, a type of seizure that consists of repeated myoclonic (muscle) jerks. Optic atrophy may also occur, often leading to blindness. Hearing loss may also occur.

Tada wrote of her experiences in her 1976 international best-selling autobiography, Joni: The unforgettable story of a young woman's struggle against quadriplegia & depression, which has been distributed in many languages. The book was made into a 1979 feature film of the same name, starring herself. Her second book, A Step Further, was released in 1978.

He won the Whitbread Book Award for his autobiography in 1987. He was also awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Letters in the UK, the medal of excellence from the United Nations Society of Writers, and a Person of the Year award in Ireland. Inflicted with cerebral palsy, he suffered from quadriplegia since birth. He died due to choking on 20 February 2009.

Custom-fitted mouth guards were found to be effective in 4 of 5 studies done in a review. Having the playing season in the autumn/winter decreases the risk of injury, with the highest risk occurring in the summer. Another study found a change in the rules associated with tackles, scrums and mauls decrease the number of rugby union players suffering permanent quadriplegia.

The Quad, the newest division, is for players that have substantial loss of function in at least one upper limb, but may include various disabilities besides quadriplegia. The division is sometimes called Mixed, especially at the Paralympic Games. Quad players often tape the rackets to their hand, to compensate for loss of function, and some players are allowed to use electric-powered wheelchairs.

More severe injuries may result in paraplegia, tetraplegia (also known as quadriplegia), or full body paralysis below the site of injury to the spinal cord. Damage to upper motor neuron axons in the spinal cord results in a characteristic pattern of ipsilateral deficits. These include hyperreflexia, hypertonia and muscle weakness. Lower motor neuronal damage results in its own characteristic pattern of deficits.

Standing wheelchairs are used by people with mild to severe disabilities including: spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, spina bifida, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, stroke, rett syndrome, post- polio syndrome and more. Standing chairs are used by people with both paraplegia and quadriplegia, since a variety of standing options are available to accommodate for mild-to-severe disabilities.

Tetraplegia, also known as quadriplegia, is paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in the partial or total loss of use of all four limbs and torso; paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms. The loss is usually sensory and motor, which means that both sensation and control are lost. The paralysis may be flaccid or spastic.

Most infections are asymptomatic; a small number cause a minor illness that is indistinguishable from many other viral illnesses; less than 1% result in acute flaccid paralysis. This article lists people who had the paralytic form of polio. The extent of paralysis varies from part of a limb to quadriplegia and respiratory failure. The latter was often treated with an iron lung.

Watson was born on 30 January 1992 in Brisbane, Queensland. She is a triplet and has mild cerebral palsy due to a premature birth. At the age of 21, she acquired Guillain Barre Syndrome that led to rapid full body muscle weakness and peripheral nervous system damage resulting in the loss of ability to walk and low level quadriplegia. The cause remains unknown.

Dinesh Palipana OAM (born 1984) is an Australian doctor, lawyer and disability advocate. He is the first quadriplegic medical intern in Queensland, Australia. He is the second person with quadriplegia to graduate as a doctor in Australia and the first with spinal cord injury. Palipana has been an advocate for medical students with disabilities in Australia, where significant barriers exist.

The polio caused her quadriplegia; she used a wheelchair and a ventilator. Because her family's home was not accessible, Saviola lived at Goldwater Memorial Hospital on Roosevelt Island during her teen years. Saviola was part of creating the hospital's ward for young adult patients, with more age-appropriate routines, activities and outings. She attended Long Island University, earning a bachelor's degree in psychology in 1970.

S3, SB2, SM3 are disability swimming classifications used for categorising swimmers based on their level of disability. People in this class have decent arm and hand function, but no use of their trunk and legs. They have severe disabilities in all their limbs. Swimmers in this class have a variety of different disabilities including quadriplegia from spinal cord ijury, severe cerebral palsy and multiple amputations.

Other ocular defects including optic atrophy, microphthalmia, vitreitis, leukokoria and cataracts can also be seen. Most of the infants in one case series were of normal birth weight, although 30% were underweight. Aspiration pneumonia can be a fatal complication. Infants who survive may have severe neurological defects including epilepsy, impaired coordination, visual loss or blindness, spastic diplegia or quadriparesis/quadriplegia, delayed development and intellectual disability.

First edition cover Still Me is a 1999 autobiography written by actor Christopher Reeve. The book tells of Reeve's experiences of making the Superman films and about his horseback riding accident which resulted in his quadriplegia and its effects on his life. The book spent eleven weeks on the New York Times Best Seller list in 1999. Reeve won a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album.

Over two years later, Smith was paralyzed from the shoulders down due to a car accident. In 2001, Smith created a series of short radio clips about living with quadriplegia for CBC radio. For the series, he won the Gabriel Award for "writing that upholds and lifts the human spirit" and The Canadian Nurses Award for excellence in broadcasting. Five collections of Smith's columns have been published.

Grisel’s syndrome is a non-traumatic subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint caused by inflammation of the adjacent tissues. This is a rare disease that usually affects children. Progressive throat and neck pain and neck stiffness can be followed by neurologic symptoms such as pain or numbness radiating to arms (radiculopathies). In extreme cases, the condition can lead to quadriplegia and even death from acute respiratory failure.

Variants of SDHAF1 have been associated with mitochondrial complex II deficiency and infantile leukoencephalopathy. Mitochondrial complex II deficiency is a disorder of the mitochondrial respiratory chain with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Clinical features include psychomotor regression in infants, poor growth with lack of speech development, severe spastic quadriplegia, dystonia, progressive leukoencephalopathy, muscle weakness, exercise intolerance, and cardiomyopathy. Some patients manifest Leigh syndrome or Kearns-Sayre syndrome.

Wheelchair Rugby is open to athletes with quadriplegia. Athletes competing in wheelchair rugby are classified according to their ability. Players are classified using a points system starting at 0.5 for athletes with the least ability through to 3.5 for athletes with the most ability. A team can have four players on the court but must not exceed 8 classification points (the combined total of the player's individual classifications).

The miracle that led to Reggio's beatification in 2000 was the miraculous healing of the girl Pabla Valdenegro Romero (b. 1979) who suffered from Guillain-Barré Syndrome - or polyradiculoneuritis - along with albumin-cytological dissociation ascending paralysis with cranial nerve involvement and quadriplegia as well as prolonged lung failure and two cardiac arrests as well as subcutaneous emphysema and other complications. This instantaneous healing came on 10 November 1985.

Diplegia, when used singularly, refers to paralysis affecting symmetrical parts of the body. This is different from hemiplegia which refers to spasticity restricted to one side of the body, and quadriplegia which requires the involvement of all four limbs but not necessarily symmetrical. Diplegia is the most common cause of crippling in children, specifically in children with cerebral palsy. Other causes may be due to injury of the spinal cord.

Wheelchair Sports NSW is the peak New South Wales sports organisation that assists people with disabilities ranging from spinal cord injury, spina bifida, amputation, paraplegia, quadriplegia to other similar disabling conditions. The organisation was established as the Paraplegic Sports Club, a section of the Paraplegic Association of NSW (also known as ParaQuad) in October 1961. It offers a range of sports programs, facilities and financial support from beginners to Paralympians.

Georg W. Kreutzberg (September 2, 1932 in Ahrweiler – March 20, 2019) was a German neuromorphologist. Kreutzberg was long-serving director at the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology in Martinsried near Munich. He remained active as emeritus director at that institute. His various research interests have included microglia cells, neuropathology and nerve regeneration following trauma (especially paraplegia and quadriplegia), fraud in science, correct reporting of scientific research to laypeople and the history of neuroscience in Germany.

She holds a bachelor's degree in dance at Silla University. She attained a master's degree in social welfare at Seoul Women's University in 2010. In 2017, she also received a doctorate in rehabilitation welfare at Korea Nazarene University, made her to be the first disabled woman with spinal cord injury to receive the doctorate. She married to Chung Nak-hyun, an ex-swimmer who has also been having a quadriplegia following his diving accident.

Rowan Peter Bowles, (born 25 September 1978 in Launceston, Tasmania Australia) is a retired international endurance athlete in the sport of Handbike racing. In 2001 Rowan was involved in a motorcycle accident which resulted in C5/6 Quadriplegia. Rowan competed between 2003 - 2010 and won five Australian Championship gold, four silver and three bronze medals and the Tour of Perth. European Handbike Circuit race success in Switzerland, France, Italy, Germany, Austria and Czech Republic.

An example is pleurisy. Other examples of sequelae include those following neurological injury; including aphasia, ataxia, hemi- and quadriplegia, and any number of other changes that may be caused by neurological trauma. Note that these pathologies can be related to both physical and chemical traumas, as both can cause lingering neuron damage. The phrase status post, abbreviated in writing as s/p, is used to discuss sequelae with reference to their cause.

Callahan died on July 24, 2010, following surgery for chronic bed sores. His brother stated the causes of his death were complications of quadriplegia and respiratory problems. He was 59 years old. A biographical film, Don't Worry, He Won't Get Far on Foot, starring Joaquin Phoenix, Rooney Mara, Jack Black, and Jonah Hill and directed by Gus Van Sant, and based on Callahan's memoir of the same name, was released in 2018.

The quadriplegia dissipates once the patient lies supine. An extremely rare complication of SCSFLS is third nerve palsy, where the ability to move one's eyes becomes difficult and interrupted due to compression of the third cranial nerve. There are documented cases of reversible frontotemporal dementia and coma. Coma due to a CSF leak has been successfully treated by using blood patches and/or fibrin glue and placing the person in the Trendelenburg position.

At the age of 16, Küschall suffered a severe injury to his cervical spine at the level of the C4-C6 vertebrae. At the time, there was no treatment available for quadriplegia, and he spent the following two years bedbound in different hospitals. Küschall then met the neurologist and neurosurgeon Ludwig Guttmann who founded Stoke Mandeville Hospital. Guttmann was the first to place Küschall into a wheelchair and a difficult period of rehabilitation followed.

Before his accident, Fletcher was a wilderness canoe enthusiast. He served as president of the Manitoba Recreational Canoeing Association, was a two-time former Manitoba Kayak champion, and competed in national events.Bill Redekop, "Chinese power play", Winnipeg Free Press, 9 February 1997, B4. He was able to resume his life as an outdoorsman in the mid-2000s through inventions such as the TrailRider, a device which allows people with quadriplegia to travel over rough terrain.

Locked-in syndrome is usually characterized by quadriplegia and the inability to speak in otherwise cognitively intact individuals. Those with locked-in syndrome may be able to communicate with others through coded messages by blinking or moving their eyes, which are often not affected by the paralysis. The symptoms are similar to those of sleep paralysis. Patients who have locked-in syndrome are conscious and aware, with no loss of cognitive function.

The title "Kiss of the Dragon" is derived from one of the last scenes in the movie, in which Liu punctures Richard in the back of the neck with an acupuncture needle at a "very forbidden" point on the body. The puncture itself, called "kiss of the dragon", traps all the body's blood in the head and causes side effects of quadriplegia, bleeding from the head's orifices, and a painful death by brain aneurysm.

Marayke Jonkers is an SM4 classified swimmer S4, SB3, SM4 are disability swimming classifications used for categorising swimmers based on their level of disability. Swimmers in this class have coordination problems affecting all four of their limbs, or have movement in their arms but no trunk or leg function. They also generally have weakness in their hands and arms. A variety of disabilities are represented by this class including people with quadriplegia from spinal cord injury.

In the accident, he damaged his spine leaving him with quadriplegia. In order to receive the best treatment possible for the injury, his parents made the decision to move from Darwin to Adelaide. Most of his high school classmates elected to walk to their year 12 formal in their formal attire, and donated the thousands of Australian dollars they would have otherwise spent on transportation to help defray costs for Meakin's rehabilitation. In 2012, he was living in Brisbane.

In 2006, Caracella suffered a career-ending neck injury. Whilst contesting a loose ball against the Lions, Caracella slipped and former teammate Tim Notting's hip accidentally collected his head, fracturing several vertebrae and bruising his spinal cord. At the time, field umpire Brett Allen did not consider the contact sufficient to award a free kick for high contact. The injury horrified the football community, drawing comparisons to the quadriplegia suffered by Footscray's Neil Sachse in the 1970s.

David Brian Jacka OAM (born 14 July 1968) is an aviator and disability advocate.Australian of the Year Awards, 2014 Honour roll On 5 June 2013, Jacka became the first person with quadriplegia to fly solo around the coast of Australia.Lucie van den Berg, "Solo flight a new high for Paralympian athlete Dave Jacka", Herald Sun, 5 June 2013Tiana Richardson (7 June 2013) "On a wing and a chair, quadriplegic makes history" Portland Observer. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

The development of new technologies has now made it plausible to provide patients with prosthetic arms with tactile and kinesthetic sensibilities. While this is not purely a sensory substitution system, it uses the same principles to restore perception of senses. Some tactile feedback methods of restoring a perception of touch to amputees would be direct or micro stimulation of the tactile nerve afferents. Other applications of sensory substitution systems can be seen in function robotic prostheses for patients with high level quadriplegia.

The types of acute catastrophic spinal injuries are those associated with unstable fractures and dislocations, intervertebral disc herniation, and transient quadriplegia. These most commonly affect the cervical spine, but also affect the thoracolumbar spine (the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae) and physis, or cause cervical cord neuropraxia and sometimes spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA). Response to a non-fatal catastrophic spinal cord injury by the patient varies by "social, economic, and educational background". The most common initial response is depression.

A modern lightweight manual wheelchair A wheelchair is a chair with wheels, used when walking is difficult or impossible due to illness, injury, old age related problems, or disability. These can include spinal cord injuries (paraplegia, hemiplegia, and quadriplegia), broken leg(s), cerebral palsy, brain injury, osteogenesis imperfecta a.k.a. brittle bones, motor neurone disease (MND), multiple sclerosis (MS), muscular dystrophy (MD), spina bifida, and more. Wheelchairs come in a wide variety of formats to meet the specific needs of their users.

Wheelchair sport classification is a system designed to allow fair competition between people of different disabilities, and minimize the impact of a person's specific disability on the outcome of a competition. Wheelchair sports is associated with spinal cord injuries, and includes a number of different types of disabilities including paraplegia, quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome and spina bifida. The disability must meet minimal body function impairment requirements.Some wheelchair sports are open to people with disabilities other than spinal cord injuries.

Reproduced online with permission by Lincolnshire Post-Polio Library; retrieved on 10 November 2007. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs – quadriplegia – is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

To this day, nerve damage to the right side of his body has left him with an off-kilter gait. Doctors have partially credited his recovery to his commitment to a then daily regimen of intensive physical therapy, including weightlifting, jumprope and stationary bicycle. However, this level of recovery from quadriplegia was at that time unknown. After seventeen years of intensive rehabilitation, he is now capable of essentially normal walking, despite having over 85% of his spinal cord destroyed at C-4.

When consumed in large quantities, saponins can lead to vomiting, diarrhea and in extreme cases paralysis and death. Toxicity is extremely rare, however, with the LD50 dose lying between 50–100 mg/kg and the typical intake of UK family members at 15 mg per day. The effects of long term exposure can include hypertension, flaccid quadriplegia and hypokalkaemia among others. It is unlikely that Indian ice cream would be consumed in such large quantities as to cause these conditions.

In locked-in syndrome the patient has awareness, sleep-wake cycles, and meaningful behavior (viz., eye-movement), but is isolated due to quadriplegia and pseudobulbar palsy, resulting from the disruption of corticospinal and corticobulbar pathways. Locked-in syndrome is a condition in which a patient is aware and awake but cannot move or communicate verbally due to complete paralysis of nearly all voluntary muscles in the body except for the eyes. Eye or eyelid movements are the main method of communication.

In February 1946, at age 25, Keyes contracted polio and became paralyzed in his legs and hands. His paralysis developed into quadriplegia and was sufficiently severe that, for example, he was unable to turn himself over in bed. He was admitted to the Warm Springs Foundation, a convalescent hospital in Georgia. After a year in the hospital, he moved with his wife to a nearby house for three more years of rehabilitation, during which time he adjusted to life as a wheelchair user.

Voelker was a full-time wheelchair user due to a spinal cord injury (quadriplegia) from a high-speed, motocross accident at 16. He was predominantly self-taught, freelance studio photographer specializing in capturing counter-points of the human landscape in large-format (Hasselblad and Linhof), black and white. Hand developed prints which are an interpretation of his negatives are characterized by starkly voluptuous contrasts of body and space. The prints are expressions of something that is both personal and available for individual interpretation.

In 1964, plans were underway for the creation of a hospital dedicated to the treatment of people with paraplegia and quadriplegia, the first of its kind in Spain. Sarrias was named medical director. He spent 7 months at Stoke Mandeville hospital in England studying under Dr. Ludwig Guttmann where he learned the specialized treatment of people with spinal cord lesions. The new hospital was opened on 27 November 1965 and was named after Dr. Guttmann, as the Institut Guttmann Spinal Cord Injuries Centre.

The Paralympic Games or Paralympics are a periodic series of international multi-sport events involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power (e.g. paraplegia and quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida), impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency (e.g. amputation or dysmelia), leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment. There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games.

Spastic cerebral palsy is the type of cerebral palsy characterized by spasticity or high muscle tone often resulting in stiff, jerky movements. Cases of spastic CP are further classified according to the part or parts of the body that are most affected. Such classifications include spastic diplegia, spastic hemiplegia, spastic quadriplegia, and in cases of single limb involvement, spastic monoplegia. Spastic cerebral palsy affects the motor cortex of the brain, a specific portion of the cerebral cortex responsible for the planning and completion of voluntary movement.

On March 23, 1996, Pitt wide receiver Demale Stanley of Belle Glade, Florida crashed into a padded cement wall at the Cost Center resulting in a broken neck and quadriplegia. The incident resulted in an out-of-court settlement between Stanley and the University.Internet Archive: ESPN: College Football: Stanley paralyzed after running into wall, May 10, 2000, Associated Press, accessdate=2009-03-04 Pitt's football team presents an annual Demale Stanley Award for Courage to an inspiring player.2003 Pitt Football Media Guide, pg.

Within the sport of gridiron football, the spearing technique was responsible for most of the catastrophic cervical spinal cord injuries and concussions, which is a result of axial loading. Recognition of such injuries resulted in rule changes in 1976, banning such tackles for high school and college football, after which incidence of these injuries dropped significantly. For example, incidence of quadriplegia decreased from 2.24 and 10.66 per 100,000 participants in high school and college football in 1976, to 1.30 and 2.66 per 100,000 participants in 1977.

The change to a functional system allowed people with polio, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis and amputations to fully participate in the sport. In October 1996, the first edition of wheelchair rugby's new classification rules went into effect. In November 1999, the second edition of wheelchair rugby's classification rules went into effect. A 1996 study of American attitudes of different disability groups participating in sport by other disability sportspeople found amputees were viewed most favorably, followed by les autres, paralegia and quadriplegia, and visual impairment.

In 2011, Sicking turned his attention to impact energy management in sports. Serious neck injuries in hockey are relatively infrequent but can be catastrophic. Impacts with the rigid walls can produce decelerations of over 100 G’s, causing severe concussions and even quadriplegia. Sicking led the creation of energy absorbing walls that have been shown to successfully reduce head decelerations by 50% under severe impact conditions. These walls are designed to flex and extend during impacts, reducing peak G’s on the player’s head by absorbing the energy of the impact.

This classification is for disability athletics. Jane Buckley, writing for the Sporting Wheelies, describes the athletes in this classification as: "CP2 (Upper), see CP-ISRA classes (appendix) Wheelchair " The classification in the appendix by Buckley goes on to say "Athletes are able to propel a wheelchair but have very poor useful strength in their arms, legs and trunk." The Australian Paralympic Committee defines this classification as being for "Severe to moderate quadriplegia." The International Paralympic Committee defined this classification on their website in July 2016 as, "Coordination impairments (hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis)".

Set in a hospital room, the action revolves around Ken Harrison (Claire Harrison in some later productions), a sculptor by profession, who was paralysed from the neck down (quadriplegia) in a car accident and is determined to be allowed to die. Clark presents arguments both in favour of and opposing euthanasia and to what extent government should be allowed to interfere in the life of a private citizen. In portraying Ken as an intelligent man with a useless body, he leaves the audience with conflicting feelings about his desire to end his life.

Triplegia is a medical condition characterized by the paralysis of three limbs (Triplegia Muscle Anatomy) . A person with triplegia can be referred to as triplegic. While there is no typical pattern of involvement, it is usually associated with paralysis of both legs and one arm — but can also involve both arms and one leg. Triplegia can sometimes be considered a combination of hemiplegia (paralysis of arm and leg of one side of the body) overlaying diplegia (paralysis of both legs), or as quadriplegia (paralysis of four limbs) with less involvement in one extremity.

Twenty-six-year-old Louisa Clark lives with her working-class family. Unambitious and with few qualifications, she feels constantly outshone by her younger sister, Treena, an outgoing single mother. Louisa, who helps support her family, loses her job at a local café when the café closes. She goes to the Job Centre and, after several failed attempts, is offered a unique employment opportunity: help care for Will Traynor, a successful, wealthy, and once-active young man who developed quadriplegia in a pedestrian-motorcycle accident two years earlier.

An additional mutation that deletes the normal copy of the gene is needed to cause Carney-Stratakis syndrome. This second mutation, called a somatic mutation, is acquired during a person's lifetime and is present only in tumor cells. Mitochondrial complex II deficiency (MT-C2D), a disorder of the mitochondrial respiratory chain with heterogeneous clinical manifestations, has also been associated with mutations in the SDHD gene. Clinical features include psychomotor regression in infants, poor growth with lack of speech development, severe spastic quadriplegia, dystonia, progressive leukoencephalopathy, muscle weakness, exercise intolerance, cardiomyopathy.

The autonomic dysfunction is caused by compression of the brainstem, which controls breathing and circulation. Low CSF volume can cause the cerebellar tonsil position to descend, which can be mistaken for Chiari malformation; however when the CSF leak is repaired the tonsil position often returns to normal (as seen in upright MRI) in this "pseudo-Chiari" condition. A further, albeit rare, complication of CSF leak is transient quadriplegia due to a sudden and significant loss of CSF. This loss results in hindbrain herniation and causes major compression of the upper cervical spinal cord.

Spastic cerebral palsy is the type of cerebral palsy characterized by spasticity or high muscle tone often resulting in stiff, jerky movements. Itself an umbrella term encompassing spastic hemiplegia, spastic diplegia, spastic quadriplegia and — where solely one limb or one specific area of the body is affected— spastic monoplegia. Spastic cerebral palsy affects the motor cortex of the brain, a specific portion of the cerebral cortex responsible for the planning and completion of voluntary movement. Spastic CP is the most common type of overall cerebral palsy, representing about 80% of cases.

On March 15, 2008, Najam was traveling to Muzaffarabad from Rawalpindi with her family. During midnight, a group of armed robbers fired at their car to stop them and one of the bullets penetrated Dr. Anam’s neck which led to a spinal cord injury that paralyzed her full body from below the neck. She went to Cologne, Germany in October, 2010 for stem cell therapy but this treatment didn't give her any relief and incident left her near-paralyzed, affecting all the four limbs, a condition is known as quadriplegia.

White, Jr. was born in Alexandria, Louisiana and graduated from Alexandria Senior High School, a public high school in Rapides Parish, in 2000. At the age of twelve months, he was diagnosed with spastic quadriplegia, a subset of cerebral palsy, which required a series of corrective orthopedic and neurological medical procedures and daily physical therapy. His parents, Carol Rhodes White and Lamar White, Sr. were both regionally well-known and successful real estate brokers and investors. After high school, White graduated from Rice University in Houston earning a BA in English and Religious Studies.

The device is placed as an alternative to the traditional ventilator in patients with quadriplegia, central sleep apnea, diaphragm paralysis, and other respiration maladies, so long as the patient's respiratory system still has some residual function. The Mark IV Breathing Pacemaker is a phrenic nerve stimulator, also called a diaphragm pacemaker. Phrenic nerve stimulation is a technique whereby a nerve stimulator provides electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve to cause diaphragmatic contraction. It consists of surgically implanted receivers and electrodes mated to an external transmitter by antennas worn over the implanted receivers.

At the time of release, Enthiran was the most expensive Indian film production and eventually emerged as one of the highest-grossing Indian films of all time. She then appeared as Mala, an impetuous brat, in Vipul Shah's Action Replayy; a science fiction comedy co-starring Akshay Kumar, Aditya Roy Kapoor and Neha Dhupia. Rai's final film of 2010 was the drama Guzaarish; her third collaboration with director Sanjay Leela Bhansali and actor Hrithik Roshan. The film tells the story of Ethan Mascarenas, a former magician (played by Roshan) suffering from quadriplegia, who after years of struggle, files an appeal for euthanasia.

Although it is technically considered acceptable to create hybrid words, it is strongly preferred not to mix different lingual roots. Examples of well-accepted medical words that do mix lingual roots are neonatology and quadriplegia. Prefixes do not normally require further modification to be added to a word root because the prefix normally ends in a vowel or vowel sound, although in some cases they may assimilate slightly and an in- may change to im- or syn- to sym-. Suffixes are attached to the end of a word root to add meaning such as condition, disease process, or procedure.

TSA agent inspects a service monkey before a flight. A service monkey washing itself A helper monkey is a type of assistance animal, that is specially trained to help people with quadriplegia, severe spinal cord injuries, or other mobility impairments, similar to a mobility assistance dog. Helper monkeys are usually trained in schools by private organizations, taking seven years to train, and are able to serve 25–30 years (two to three times longer than a guide dog). After being socialized in a human home as infants, the monkeys undergo extensive training before being placed with an individual needing assistance.

The more sudden the motion, the more bones, discs, muscles and tendons in ones neck and upper back will be damaged. Spinal cord injuries are responsible for about 6,000 deaths in the US each year and 5,000 whiplash injuries per year result in quadriplegia. After 12 months, only 1 in 5 patients remain symptomatic, only 11.5% of individuals were able to return to work a year after the injury, and only 35.4% were able to get back to work at a similar level of performance after 20 years. Estimated indirect costs to industry are $66,626 per year, depending on the level and severity.

Long term outcomes also range widely, from full recovery to permanent tetraplegia (also called quadriplegia) or paraplegia. Complications can include muscle atrophy, loss of voluntary motor control, spasticity, pressure sores, infections, and breathing problems. In the majority of cases the damage results from physical trauma such as car accidents, gunshot wounds, falls, or sports injuries, but it can also result from nontraumatic causes such as infection, insufficient blood flow, and tumors. Just over half of injuries affect the cervical spine, while 15% occur in each of the thoracic spine, border between the thoracic and lumbar spine, and lumbar spine alone.

Moberg used free tendon grafts from the long toe extensors to connect the posterior deltoid to the triceps, other interposition grafts have been described, including fascia lata and a triceps tendon turnup.Upper limb reconstruction in quadriplegia: functional assessment and proposed treatment modification; Hentz VR, Brown M, Keoshian LA., J Hand Surg [Am]. 1983;8:119Y131A new surgical technique to correct triceps paralysis; Castro-Sierra A, Lopez-Pita A, Hand. 1983;15(1):42Y46. One should keep in mind that many patients hold out a hope for a cure and are therefore concerned about incurring a significant donor defect that could cause impairment if they recovered a lowerextremity function.

In 2000, in preparation for the 2000 Sydney Games, Dunross won the North American championship in the Mixed Three Person Sonar event in St. Petersburg, Florida with Noel Robins and Graeme Martin. At the Sydney Games, Jamie won a gold medal with Robins and Martin again in the Mixed Three Person Sonar event, in which he received a Medal of the Order of Australia for his 'service to sport'. He also participated in the Mixed Three Person Sonar event at the 2004 Athens Games, but did not win a medal. In 2010, Dunross became the first person with quadriplegia to circumnavigate around Australia unassisted.

Before this method was described, different interpretations of commonly used terms (e.g. diplegia, hemiplegia and quadriplegia) meant that data recorded in studies were not always able to be assessed correctly at an epidemiological level. The "Limb by Limb" method stimulated a debate among other researchersGoogle Scholar references to "A standard form for recording clinical findings in children with a motor deficit of central origin" about the best format for data recording in epidemiological studies, providing a basis from which other recording methodologies could be derived. Her work on the life expectancy of children affected by cerebral palsy has been used as evidence in the High Court.

Their relationship is amicable at first, with Allan's life being made much easier, and the two bond deeply, even sharing poignant moments with romantic music, but soon their interaction takes a decidedly sinister turn. Ella seems to become a telepathic receptacle for Allan's anger at his state and his desire for revenge against people who have wronged him for slights both real and imagined. Simultaneously, Allan develops a romantic relationship with Melanie Parker, a specialist in quadriplegia and helper monkeys who has assisted in training Ella. Ella's protectiveness progressively turns into an extreme envy, which Allan begins to notice after a series of violent incidents occur.

The acute porphyrias are acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), variegate porphyria (VP), aminolevulinic acid dehydratase deficiency porphyria (ALAD) and hereditary coproporphyria (HCP). These diseases primarily affect the nervous system, resulting in episodic crises known as acute attacks. The major symptom of an acute attack is abdominal pain, often accompanied by vomiting, hypertension (elevated blood pressure), and tachycardia (an abnormally rapid heart rate). The most severe episodes may involve neurological complications: typically motor neuropathy (severe dysfunction of the peripheral nerves that innervate muscle), which leads to muscle weakness and potentially to quadriplegia (paralysis of all four limbs) and central nervous system symptoms such as seizures and coma.

Technology Special Interest Section Quarterly, 10:1-3. The use of reclining wheelchairs is particularly common among people with spinal cord injuries such as quadriplegia. In the case of tilting wheelchairs, the seat-back, seat base, and leg rests tilt back as one unit, somewhat similar to the way a person might tip a four-legged chair backwards to balance it on the back legs. While fully reclining spreads the person's weight over the entire back side of the body, tilting wheelchairs transfer it from only the buttocks and thighs (in the seated position) to partially on the back and head (in the tilted position).

Dennie–Marfan syndrome is a syndrome in which there is association of spastic paraplegia of the lower limbs and mental retardation in children with congenital syphilis. Both sexes are affected, and the onset of the disease can be acute or insidious, with slow progression from weakness to quadriplegia. Epilepsy, cataract, and nystagmus may also be found. The syndrome was described by Charles Clayton Dennie in 1929Dennie CC. Partial paralysis of the lower extremities in children, accompanied by backward mental development. Am J Syphilis 1929; 13: 157–163 , and Antoine Marfan in 1936Marfan AB. Paraplégie spasmodique avec troubles cérébraux d’origine hérédo-syphilitique chez les grands enfants.

There is a hierarchy of serious consequences of athletic injury, at the top of which is head and neck injury. Consequently, when a potential head or neck (or combined injury) is observed, the level of anxiety in training and medical staff rises. This concern relates to the possibility of the bony and protective structures of the neck, the cervical spine and its ligaments, having been fractured and torn, but the nerve cord escaping initial injury, only to be injured inadvertently by responders' efforts to assist the player.neck protection drill - ice hockey The consequence of injury to the nerve cord is, in the worst of circumstances, quadriplegia.

Above the hips, persons with spastic diplegia typically retain normal or near-normal muscle tone and range of motion, though some lesser spasticity may also affect the upper body, such as the trunk and arms, depending on the severity of the condition in the individual (the spasticity condition affecting the whole body equally, rather than just the legs, is spastic quadriplegia, a slightly different classification). In addition, because leg tightness often leads to instability in ambulation, extra muscle tension usually develops in the shoulders, chest, and arms due to compensatory stabilisation movements, regardless of the fact that the upper body itself is not directly affected by the condition.

The cause is the red nucleus, via the rubrospinal tract, counteracting the extensor motorneuron's excitation from the lateral vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts. Because the rubrospinal tract only extends to the cervical spinal cord, it mostly acts on the arms by exciting the flexor muscles and inhibiting the extensors, rather than the legs. Damage to the medulla below the vestibular nuclei may cause flaccid paralysis, hypotonia, loss of respiratory drive, and quadriplegia. There are no reflexes resembling early stages of spinal shock because of complete loss of activity in the motorneurons, as there is no longer any tonic activity arising from the lateral vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts.

The most common mechanism for catastrophic cervical spinal cord injury in American football is axial loading or compression resultant from spear tackling, in which a player uses the crown of the helmet as the initial point of contact for striking another player. This form of tackling was banned in 1976 for high school and college football, resulting in a significant reduction in catastrophic injuries of this type. For example, incidence of quadriplegia decreased from 2.24 and 10.66 per 100,000 participants in high school and college football in 1976, to 1.30 and 2.66 per 100,000 participants in 1977. Since 1977, about 67% of all catastrophic injuries in football were the result of a player making a tackle.

Ernestine, who had been 8 years old when she was poisoned, suffered from quadriplegia, blindness, and severe mental retardation until her death at the age of 30. An autopsy conducted showed cortical atrophy, neuronal loss, and gliosis, most pronounced in the paracentral and parietooccipital regions. Massive amounts of inorganic mercury were discovered in her brain, a fact which led researchers to conclude "Since inorganic mercury crosses the blood-brain barrier poorly, biotransformation of methyl to inorganic mercury may have occurred after methylmercury crossed the blood-brain barrier, accounting for its persistence in brain and causing part of the brain damage."Methylmercury poisoning: long-term clinical, radiological, toxicological, and pathological studies of an affected family, Ann Neurol.

Now based in Chicago, NANS developed out of the American Neuromodulation Society and has evolved into a national organization whose membership has grown to more than 800 members, signifying growing interest in this specialty. The majority of these members are working in pain-related disciplines, although members in areas such as epilepsy, urinary incontinence, angina, and movement disorders are also represented. Medical specialties represented in the membership include anesthesiology, neurosurgery, neurology, PM&R;, gastroenterology, urology and basic science. In addition, NANS has taken active part in opening forums for presenting the work of those who deal with functional electrical stimulation for patients with tetraplegia (quadriplegia) and paraplegia or paralysis due to brain injury and stroke.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are a developing technology that clinicians hope will one day bring more independence and agency to the severely physically disabled. Those the technology has the potential to help include people with near-total or total paralysis, such as those with tetraplegia (quadriplegia) or advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); BCIs are intended to help them to communicate or even move objects such as motorized wheelchairs, neuroprostheses, or robotic grasping tools. Few of these technologies are currently in regular use by people with disabilities, but a diverse array are in development at an experimental level. One type of BCI uses event-related desynchronization (ERD) of the mu wave in order to control the computer.

Tatum's most infamous hit came in an exhibition game against the New England Patriots on August 12, 1978, a play that Tatum later stated he did "thousands of times" in practice and in regular game coverage. Tatum and Patriots wide receiver Darryl Stingley collided as Stingley was leaping for a pass on an inside slant route, a play the Patriots had run earlier in the game with some success that put him in the path of Tatum. There was an awkward collision as Stingley lowered his helmet to protect himself and hit Tatum's shoulder pad. The impact severely damaged Stingley's spinal cord and left him with incomplete quadriplegia for the rest of his life.

Hip surveillance is the term for monitoring a child with CP who is at risk of hip dislocation to try to prevent dislocation from happening. The modern definition of cerebral palsy includes secondary skeletal effects on the child. The Gross Motor Function Classification System is a good indicator of hip issues, and more commonly occurs in children with spastic tetraplegia or spastic quadriplegia, but it is difficult to tell what type of CP a child has at the age where hip displacement might first become an issue (sometimes at 2 years old, but more commonly between 3 and 4 years old). Children are assessed for the risk of hip displacement using radiography.

The redtail coral snake has a potentially deadly neurotoxic venom which produces a complete depolarizing muscle block. The venom acts by blocking the neuromuscular transmission of nerve muscle preparations, it acts in a post-synaptic way through the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChr), inhibiting the muscle contractions in phrenic nerve diaphragm. After the bite, local pain and paraesthesia appear in minutes, in severe cases, neurological manifestations appear in 30 minutes to 1–2 hours, such as progressive bilateral ptosis, dysarthria, progressive weakness in the muscles of the extremities, difficulties in walking, salivation, drowsiness, respiratory paralysis, flaccid quadriparesis and severe flaccid quadriplegia. The LD50 for 18-20 gram mice is 0.009 mg and 0.45 mg / kg, and 0.06 μg / g intraperitoneally.

Inequities in access to information technologies are present among individuals living with a disability in comparison to those who are not living with a disability. According to The Pew Internet 54% of households with a person who has a disability have home internet access compared to 81% of households that have home internet access and do not have a person who has a disability. The type of disability an individual has can prevent one from interacting with computer screens and smartphone screens, such as having a quadriplegia disability or having a disability in the hands. However, there is still a lack of access to technology and home internet access among those who have a cognitive and auditory disability as well.

In 2016, Jacka became the first person with quadriplegia to kayak the length of Australia's longest river, the Murray River. The expedition took 89 days, and covered 2,226 km, from Lake Hume (New South Wales) to the river's outlet, near Goolwa on South Australia's coast. Jacka paddled in a modified sea kayak with his hands taped to the paddle. (21 June 2016) "Dave Jacka, quadriplegic River Murray kayaker, proves his potential is unlimited" The Murray Valley Standard. Retrieved 20 May 2019. Keith Platt (5 September 2016) "Dave Jacka, quadriplegic River Murray kayaker, proves his potential is unlimited" Mornington Peninsula News Group. Retrieved 20 May 2019. Jacka arrives at the Murray river's outlet, near Goolwa, having completed kayaking the 2,226km length of the Murray River.

Inequities in access to information technologies are present among individuals living with a disability in comparison to those who are not living with a disability. According to The Pew Research Center, 54% of households with a person who has a disability have home internet access compared to 81% of households that have home internet access and do not have a person who has a disability. The type of disability an individual has can prevent one from interacting with computer screens and smartphone screens, such as having a quadriplegia disability or having a disability in the hands. However, there is still a lack of access to technology and home internet access among those who have a cognitive and auditory disability as well.

Recommendations and explanations to use person-first language date back as early as around 1960. In her classic textbook, Beatrice Wright (1960)[3a] began her rationale for avoiding the dangers of terminological short cuts like "disabled person" by citing studies from the field of semantics that "show that language is not merely an instrument for voicing ideas but that it also plays a role in shaping ideas" (p. 7). She concludes her arguments thus: "Since physique does stimulate value judgments, it is particularly important to use expressions insofar as feasible that separate physical attributes from the total person" (p. 8). Another influential rehabilitation psychologist, Carolyn Vash, who also spoke from the perspective of her experience living with quadriplegia from polio, advanced similar arguments for person-first language in an unpublished address in 1959.

They can promote independence during meal times, but in many cases also can reduce the caregiver workload during meals. "Assistive eating devices can increase self-care, increase self-esteem associated with increased independence, increase safety during meals, and make meal-time better for caregiver staff…" (This topic is discussed in more detail in an article entitled the Benefits of Independent Eating ). More sophisticated technology, typically described as high-tech equipment, is also available to accommodate the needs of individuals who have significant restrictions in their ability to eat and drink without assistance from another person. For people who have quadriplegia, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease), cerebral palsy, spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and many other conditions, a powered device like the assistive dining device can facilitate hands free eating.

Injuries to the spinal cord interfere with electrical signals between the brain and the muscles, resulting in paralysis below the level of injury. Restoration of limb function as well as regulation of organ function are the main application of FES, although FES is also used for treatment of pain, pressure, sore prevention, etc. Some examples of FES applications involve the use of neuroprostheses that allow the people with paraplegia to walk, stand, restore hand grasp function in people with quadriplegia, or restore bowel and bladder function. High intensity FES of the quadriceps muscles allows patients with complete lower motor neuron lesion to increase their muscle mass, muscle fiber diameter, improve ultrastructural organization of contractile material, increase of force output during electrical stimulation and perform FES assisted stand-up exercises.

She had lost control of her abdomen and hands and was left with quadriplegia. She was able to write, gesture and smoke as she learnt how to grip with fingers that she could not control. The dance company made a settlement which allowed her to hire her own carer and she went to study costume design at Croydon College of Art, and subsequently designed costumes for the Union Dance Company, the London Contemporary Dance Theatre, the National Youth Dance Theatre, Graeae, and Candoco's own production of Flying in the Face of.... Her dance career was revived when dancer and film maker Darshan Singh Bhuller sought her out to feature in a BBC2 TV film he was making called "The Fall". The story was similar to her story and she was required to dance from her wheelchair.

The National Team, in addition to friendly matches and invitational tournaments, competes in the following events: Intercontinental Cup, Copa America, World Championships, Parapan American Games, Paralympic Games. For players to be eligible, they must be ambulant (no requirement for assistive walking aids) and have one of the following neurological conditions, have had a Stroke, have Cerebral Palsy, have had a Traumatic Brain Injury / Acquired Brain Injury. Individuals with the above conditions may display varying degrees of the following impairments: Diplegia, Hemiplegia, Triplegia, Quadriplegia, Monoplegia, Dystonia, Athetosis, Ataxia, Balance issues, Co- ordination issues, Weakness in certain areas of the body. In many cases the above conditions may result in only minimal levels of motor dysfunction (some not noticeable to the untrained eye); however, under the rules of the sport, this could still make players eligible for the U.S. Paralympic National Team.

This set-point varies between > individuals. It's possible to lower an individual's hedonic set-point by > inflicting prolonged uncontrolled stress; but even this re-set is not as > easy as it sounds: suicide-rates typically go down in wartime; and six > months after a quadriplegia-inducing accident, studies suggest that we are > typically neither more nor less unhappy than we were before the catastrophic > event. Unfortunately, attempts to build an ideal society can't overcome this > biological ceiling, whether utopias of the left or right, free-market or > socialist, religious or secular, futuristic high-tech or simply cultivating > one's garden. Even if everything that traditional futurists have asked for > is delivered - eternal youth, unlimited material wealth, morphological > freedom, superintelligence, immersive VR, molecular nanotechnology, etc - > there is no evidence that our subjective quality of life would on average > significantly surpass the quality of life of our hunter-gatherer ancestors - > or a New Guinea tribesman today - in the absence of reward pathway > enrichment.

The initial impetus to organize NWAA grew out of the interests of athletes with disabilities - many of whom were veterans of World War II. They wanted to participate in sports other than basketball, a sport that had seen rapid growth in the early 1950s through teams sponsored by veterans hospitals and other rehabilitation agencies. General Omar N. Bradley was one of the leaders of the early efforts to develop wheelchair sports programs, principally for servicemen injured during the war. In the early days, many wheelchair basketball players saw participation in individual wheelchair sports as supplementary training for their primary interest in basketball. However, the NWAA program appealed to even greater numbers of athletes with disabilities due to the incorporation of women and athletes with quadriplegia, populations that could not be easily accommodated by Basketball. Europe’s first organized wheelchair sports program was introduced in 1948 by well-known neurosurgeon, Dr. Ludwig Guttman, founder of the Spinal Injury Center in Stoke Mandeville, England.

Today, St. Louis Children's Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri has a "Center for Cerebral Palsy Spasticity" that is the only internationally known clinic in the world to have conducted concentrated first-hand clinical research on SDR over an extended period. Its chief neurosurgeon in the field, Doctor T.S. Park (who was initially trained by Dr. Peacock), has performed thousands of SDR surgeries, some of them on adults, and is the originator of the L1-laminectomy modification to the SDR surgery in 1991, which sections the first dorsal root and enables the removal of significantly less spine-bone than in surgeries performed before 1991, as well as inherent release of the hip flexor muscles specifically as a result of that particular sectioning — prior to that, total hip flexor release was not necessarily possible. That L1-laminectomy modification has since become the standard method, and SLCH has become internationally known as a major provider of the SDR surgery to those in need of it. It is this clinic's opinion that patients with spastic diplegia or quadriplegia should have spasticity reduced first through SDR before undergoing muscle release or tendon release procedures, and other surgeons today share this view.