A crusade is a war to recover the Holy Land from the paynim.
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There were three died in the Holy Land doing battle with the paynim.
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How can we return with all the paynim nations jeering at us, crying, 'See!
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Twines not of them one golden thread, But for its sake a Paynim bled.
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The Paynim hastened to the dungeon, and brought forth the Count, bearded, unkempt and foredone.
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So was the corpse had away and buried in a wood, because he was a paynim.
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I would fain be a soldier of the Cross, like my father, and cut down the paynim.
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I allowed if the paynim was satisfied I was, and we would let it stand at that.
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This man had no more faith than a paynim, but, none the less, was a stout carl in war.
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He is in hiding somewhere, for he knew well, black paynim as he is, that our horses' four legs could outstrip his two.
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Kenneth Meyer Setton (1 July 1992). "Western Hostility to Islam and Prophecies of Turkish Doom". DIANE Publishing. . pg 4–15 – "Some Europeans believed that Moslems worshipped Mohammed as a god,[...]" (4) Some works of Medieval European literature referred to Muslims as "pagans" or by sobriquets such as the "paynim foe" (enemy).
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Medieval European literature often referred to Muslims as "infidels" or "pagans", in sobriquets such as the paynim foe. These depictions such as those in The Song of Roland represent Muslims worshiping Muhammad (spelt e.g. 'Mahom' and 'Mahumet') as a god, and depict them worshiping various deities in the form of "idols", ranging from Apollyon to Lucifer, but ascribing to them a chief deity known as "Termagant".Kenneth Meyer Setton (July 1, 1992).
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European literature from the Middle Ages often referred to Muslims as pagans, with sobriquets such as "the paynim foe". These depictions represent Muslims worshipping Muhammad as a god along with various deities in the form of idols (cult images), ranging from Apollyon to Lucifer, but their chief deity was typically named Termagant. In some writings, such as the eleventh-century Song of Roland, this was combined to create an "unholy Trinity" of sorts composed of Muhammad, Apollyon, and Termagant.Julia Bolton Holloway, The Pilgrim and the Book: A Study of Dante, Langland, and Chaucer, Peter Lang, New York, 1992, p.
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South Barrule, reputed home of Manannán on the Isle of Man Manannán according to the local lore of the Isle of Man was its first ruler. ;First ruler A document called the "Supposed True Chronicle of Man" (16th century) asserts that Manannan was the first "ruler of Mann" and "was as paynim (pagan), and kept, by necromancy, the Land of Man under mists", and imposed as tax a bundle of green rushes, which was due every Midsummer Eve at a place called Warfield (the present-day South Barrule). More or less the same thing is stated in verse within "The Traditionary Ballad" aka "Manannan beg va Mac y Leirr" (1504), whose third quatrain ran: The poem thus identified the king of the island as one Manannan-beg-mac-y-Lheirr, "little Manannan, son of the Sea" (or, "son of Leir"). Manannan was later banished by Saint Patrick according to the poem.
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