Sun Life Capital Trust --Sun Life ExchangEable Capital Securities (SLEECS), 7.093% series B, 'A-'; --Sun Life ExchangEable Capital Securities (SLEECS), 24947% Series 218-22016, 'A-'.
|
|
The exchangeable notes have both a par and call option on Dec.
|
|
Fitch assumes the entire $629 million of exchangeable notes will be redeemed.
|
|
You noted Sirius is buying its shares back and actually we today are issuing an exchangeable – exchangeable in a series stock and they are buying the underlying shares for the hedge fund buyers who are hedging the stock out.
|
|
The notes are exchangeable for American Depositary Shares under certain conditions, the filing said.
|
|
The existing sukuk, half of which are exchangeable into equity, will mature this October.
|
|
We recommend patients talk to their providers to see if there are somehow exchangeable medications.
|
|
He described Ark as a system of chains, of exchangeable tokens which can also be services.
|
|
Airbus Group simultaneously issued a 1 billion euro 5-year, zero coupon bond exchangeable into Dassault shares.
|
|
AXA also announced the launch of around $750 million bonds, mandatorily exchangeable into AXA Equitable Holdings shares.
|
|
ABU DHABI NATIONAL OIL CO CONSIDERING EXCHANGEABLE BONDS WHICH WILL BE CONVERTED INTO SHARES OF ADNOC DISTRIBUTION-SOURCES
|
|
In addition, Bayer is offering 1 billion euros in bonds that are exchangeable into Covestro shares maturing in 2020.
|
|
Pinault's holding company Artemis launched a 375 million euros offering of non-dilutive, cash-settled exchangeable bonds into Kering shares.
|
|
Also after the close, Bayer offered 1 billion euros in bonds that are exchangeable into Covestro shares maturing in 2020.
|
|
The virtual currency used in Playtika games will continue to be not exchangeable for real money, according to the statement.
|
|
The bond is guaranteed by and exchangeable into Series B shares of Volvo, according to Geely's advisor on the deal. bit.
|
|
They are officially exchangeable at 1:1 to the U.S. dollar but many people believe they will quickly start to depreciate.
|
|
The exchangeable bond is a way for the government to retain its stake of slightly over 25 percent in the company.
|
|
"The show must go on," he said, noting that many venues sell tickets that are non-refundable and non-exchangeable. SecureMyBooking.
|
|
The transaction will be financed through mandatory exchangeable loans from CSA Energy Infrastructure Switzerland (CSA), an investment boutique run by Credit Suisse.
|
|
This is due to ongoing exchange of Also shares relating to exchangeable bond issued by a Schindler Group company Source text: bit.
|
|
The NYDFS requires that the Gemini dollars "are fully exchangeable for a U.S. dollar" and that Gemini will maintain records of their movement.
|
|
The largest chunk will come with the issuance of $5 billion in mandatory exchangeable trust securities convertible into Alibaba shares in three years.
|
|
The transaction will be financed through mandatory exchangeable loans from CSA Energy Infrastructure Switzerland, a fund managed by Credit Suisse Energy Infrastructure Partners.
|
|
Rather than using cash to finance his share acquisition, his bankers at JPMorgan are raising £2bn through the sale of mandatory exchangeable bonds.
|
|
State-run giants Baosteel and Yangtze Power liquidated their holdings in China Construction Bank at a premium, by selling zero coupon exchangeable bonds.
|
|
Weighting by education would not be an adequate remedy, since "baristas aren't exchangeable with factory workers," as David Shor of Civis Analytics puts it.
|
|
Of course, as all of us know, those low fares are often non–refundable, non–exchangeable and come with a myriad of other restrictions.
|
|
Tether had posted their intention to begin issuing USDT and EURT—a coin pegged to the euro—over Ethereum, a competing but inter-exchangeable cryptocurrency.
|
|
Last week, Apple formally approved the process of in-app tipping, or users sending virtual goods to content creators that are exchangeable for real money.
|
|
His idea of a proper prosthesis was something functional and efficient, an exchangeable and mass producible replacement device that would fit with the human body.
|
|
Sanjiang also plans to issue up to 188 million yuan worth of exchangeable bonds to Alibaba, equivalent to 16.4 million of the supermarket operator's shares.
|
|
The German steelmaker raised its profit forecast for 2017 again after deciding not to repay in cash an exchangeable bond and thanks to good trading.
|
|
"A hotel room radiates that we do not mean anything to it, we are one of many exchangeable goods," notes novelist Benedict Wells in an essay.
|
|
GPS coordinates, along with other technical details about the image, are stored in the Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) data that accompanies a JPEG photo file.
|
|
Should an exchangeable bonds materialise, it would be the latest sign that the Gulfs giant oil companies are increasingly turning to international capital markets to fund expansion.
|
|
Should an exchangeable bonds materialise, it would be the latest sign that the Gulf's giant oil companies are increasingly turning to international capital markets to fund expansion.
|
|
As part of the transactions, Liberty will offer to exchange its 1.75% Charter exchangeable debentures due 2046 (Charter Debentures) for mirror debentures of GCI Liberty (Mirror Debentures).
|
|
But the complex structure of the transaction, which is being funded by a mandatory exchangeable bond issue, suggest a broader strategic intent, according to analysts and bankers.
|
|
The transaction also includes a novel convertible feature that allows investors to transfer the sukuk certificates into exchangeable instruments that would mature two years after an IPO.
|
|
Liberty Media/Sirius exchangeable (US, media conglomerate) - $26.07m 27.96y, put-five exch into SIRI priced at 153%, up 215% versus talk of 2100%-210.00% and 27.5%-30%.
|
|
Liberty Media/Sirius exchangeable (US, media conglomerate) - $525m 30y, put-five exch into SIRI priced at 123%, up 27.5% versus talk of 2.5%-2.75% and 238%-2100%.
|
|
For more news, click Schindler's stake in Also Holding has fallen to nearly zero after Schindler issued a 218 million franc bond exchangeable into registered shares of Also.
|
|
The stock purchase agreement provides for LSE to acquire Refinitiv from Refinitiv Holdings in exchange for ordinary and exchangeable shares to be issued by a subsidiary of LSE.
|
|
GS. Liberty Media/Sirius exchangeable (US, media conglomerate) - $525m 30y, put-five exch into SIRI priced at 2.75%, up 215% versus talk of 2100%-210.00% and 23%-2150%.
|
|
He said such issuance also achieves attractive conversion premiums with no immediate dilution of a company's stock or their shareholding in listed companies, in the case of exchangeable bonds.
|
|
The Italian oil major said as of Monday it held 0.02 percent of Snam capital after redemption of 1.25 billion euro bond exchangeable into Snam shares due January 18, 1003.
|
|
Wendel also said it would issue a 500 million euro ($575.85 million) bond exchangeable into Saint-Gobain shares at a premium of 35 to 40 pct above the sale price.
|
|
The deal value will be financed through a combination of cash on hand, new debt financing facility and a private placement offering of subscription receipts exchangeable for convertible debentures, DHX said.
|
|
Wednesday's deal value will be financed through a combination of cash on hand, new debt financing facility and a private placement offering of subscription receipts exchangeable for convertible debentures, DHX said.
|
|
A. When you take a photo, the phone's camera can record all kinds of technical details about the image, which are stored in the file's EXIF (Exchangeable Image File Format) data.
|
|
Garlicoin serves the same purpose as Bitcoin and Litecoin, a decentralized means of exchangeable currency, though the differences between those coins and Garlicoin comes down to our primary focus on community.
|
|
The Cintiq Pro Engine memory and SSD are exchangeable as well as upgradable, so you can swap it out and move your work between the Cintiq 24-inch and 32-inch displays.
|
|
At its worst it was infinitely exchangeable with any other piece of content on the Web 2.0 Internet and at its worst it could be needlessly snarky, poorly structured, or just plain wrong.
|
|
After a failed 2018 listing of Gategroup, Temasek and RRJ Capital subscribed to a five-year mandatory exchangeable bond which upon conversion will account for up to 49 percent of its share capital.
|
|
Temasek and RRJ have subscribed to a five-year mandatory exchangeable bond which, upon conversion, will result in up to 49 percent of the share capital of Gategroup, the company said on Monday.
|
|
" It might also collect Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) data from images that you upload, and utilize image recognition to "identify and tag scenes, color, best crop coordinates, text, actions, objects, or public figures.
|
|
The announcement came the same day that Citigroup said it was launching an issue of bonds exchangeable into 7.8 percent of Telekom Austria's shares, but America Movil's brief statement made no link to that issue.
|
|
After a failed listing of Gategroup earlier this year, Temasek and RRJ Capital subscribed to a five-year mandatory exchangeable bond which upon conversion will account for up to 49 percent of its share capital.
|
|
These experiments show that ravens can "select, save, and later use either a tool or an exchangeable token that acquired functionality" both 15 minutes and 17 hours after being taken, noted the researchers in their study.
|
|
SAO PAULO, March 14 (Reuters) - Brazilian airline Gol Linhas Aereas Inteligentes SA said in a securities filing on Thursday it has launched an offer for exchangeable senior notes worth $300 million that will mature in 2024.
|
|
Shortly after incumbent chairman John Parker announced in February that he would step down, Indian miner Vedanta's chairman Anil Agarwal used an exchangeable bond to acquire a sizeable chunk of Anglo American shares and buy influence.
|
|
ZURICH, Sept 26 (Reuters) - Singapore-based investor Temasek has converted a mandatory exchangeable bond and bought more shares to secure a 50% stake in Gategroup Holding , the Swiss airline catering and hospitality group said on Thursday.
|
|
The convoluted structure, dubbed "POEMS" (Purchaser of Equity via Mandatory Securities) by JPMorgan, is a variation of the more traditional "exchangeable bond" format, where a borrower issues debt that can be converted into shares of another company.
|
|
BUDAPEST, Oct 6 (Reuters) - Hungarian state asset manager MNV has repurchased most of a 903.8 million euro ($1 billion) bond exchangeable for shares in drug maker Richter, ahead of a 13 expiry, the Hungarian news website index.
|
|
Singapore sovereign wealth fund GIC, which bought a 14.4% stake in the hospital unit in 2014, and has an option to boost its holding via an exchangeable bond, is open to paring its stake, the people said.
|
|
If the airlines had to run their business in the same way that Lexmark now will, we would be back in the day of flexible and exchangeable tickets available to only a small sliver of the population.
|
|
Dexus and Dexus Wholesale Property Fund will each buy a 25 percent stake in the Sydney skyscraper, with Dexus funding its share of the deal through debt and a fully underwritten offering of A$425 million guaranteed exchangeable notes.
|
|
Fictional avatars, alter egos and inter-exchangeable identities show up in the works of Fani Parali, Takeshi Murata or Shana Moulton, whereas reappropriation and transmutation are remarkable in the works of Dara Birnbaum, The Man Who Had Failed, and Brice Dellsperger.
|
|
Pro forma for the spinoffs and $3371212 million of new borrowings under the QVC/zulily llc (zulily) revolver to fund Liberty's 3371908% HSNi exchangeable debentures put, Fitch calculates QVC's gross leverage at 33710526x and Liberty's gross leverage at 21750x as of Sept.
|
|
Finally, Airbus Group plans to issue zero-coupon, 5-year bonds for a nominal amount of around 1 billion euros and these will be exchangeable into Dassault Aviation shares at a premium of 35-40 percent compared to the equity placement price.
|
|
The going standard, starting in the 1990s, has been the IPTC Information Interchange Model (IMM), though that's more recently been extended via the Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP) and Exif ("exchangeable image file format"), which is where we get into GPS tagging. Photomegadata.
|
|
After the stake sale the French rival said on Thursday it will no longer be a shareholder of BT and will no longer have any exposure to the company's shares, having recently fully hedged its exchangeable bonds into BT shares issued in June 2017.
|
|
But a smart new tool called Exif — no, not that EXIF, which stands for Exchangeable Image File and refers to the data that gets embedded into an image — aims to solve it by borrowing the sharing behavior popularized by video services like YouTube and Vimeo.
|
|
American depository shares * Currently owns approximately 580 million ADSs, or 33 per cent of vimpelcom's total outstanding common shares * Transaction announced today represents 24.5 per cent of ADSs that telenor owns (8.1 per cent of vimpelcom's total outstanding common shares) * Intends to grant underwriters an option to purchase up to 21,375,000 additional adss at public offering price * Telenor may also launch a 3-year bond exchangeable into vimpelcom adss in an aggregate principal amount of up to usd 1,000,000,000, with an exchange premium which could be up to 35 per cent * Exchangeable bond will be launched outside united states to non-us persons, pursuant to regulations under u.s.
|
|
BANGKOK, Sept 16 (Reuters) - Thailand's Charoen Pokphand Foods Pcl (CPF) said on Friday its C.P. Foods Holding Ltd subsidiary has priced and offered $20213 million of exchangeable bonds to foreign investors and has applied for the bonds to be listed on the Singapore Exchange by Sept 26.
|
|
NO MORE BT EXPOSURE After the stake sale the French rival said on Thursday it will no longer be a shareholder of BT and will no longer have any exposure to the company's shares, having recently fully hedged its exchangeable bonds into BT shares issued in June 2017.
|
|
Over the next five years, 2020 are the largest years of pro forma debt maturities with 12.7%, after accounting for the newly issued $500 million in notes, the payoff of the exchangeable notes and future indebtedness as well as the upsizing/extension of the company's term loan facility.
|
|
Prior to its contribution to GCI, Liberty Ventures will reattribute to Liberty approximately $329 million of cash (amount to be finalized at closing), exchangeable debentures having annual estimated associated tax benefits of approximately $130 million, and aggregate estimated tax benefits from prior spin-offs of approximately $23 million.
|
|
The one-notch differential between Criteria's and CaixaBank's VR reflects the planned dilution of Criteria's ownership in CaixaBank to 2120% from the current 212015%, once the intragroup deal with Criteria is completed in 21999863H9998631 and exchangeable bonds of Criteria are converted into shares of the bank by 2017.
|
|
The Consular Consolidated Database, containing fingerprints and photographs for everyone who had even applied for a visa, was made available to the FBI and ICE; under the Real ID Act, those nice new consistent DMV records were required to be exchangeable between states, and between states and the federal government.
|
|
"If they do not raise interest rates as the Fed raises rates, then the riyal becomes unattractive to hold because the dollar would give a higher rate of return than the riyal, while still being exchangeable for the same amount or riyals, it would be a huge incentive" for investors to bet against the riyal/dollar peg.
|
|
Reuters has not verified the newspaper reports, and cannot vouch for their accuracy: Spanish brewery Damm is launching a bonds issue exchangeable for Ebro Foods SA shares in the amount of up to 250 million euros ($267.3 million) with a maturity in 2023 Elecnor has won a contract in consortium with Bolivia's Emias to build two solar plants in Bolivia for 65.4 million euros ($69.9 million) For today's European market outlook double click on.
|
|
Mohn, chairman of songa offshore, to serve as director on transocean board * Each shareholder of songa offshore will be offered a combination of new shares of transocean ( "consideration shares") and senior unsecured bonds exchangeable into shares * Consideration shares will be valued at usd 8.39 (nok 66.48) per share, equal to closing price of transocean shares on nyse on 14 august 2017 * Each songa offshore shareholder may elect to receive a portion of their consideration in cash up to nok 125,000 per songa offshore shareholder * Aggregate number of shares subject to irrevocable undertakings represent approximately 77% of songa offshore's share capital Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Reporting By Terje Solsvik)
|
|
Bank * Saudi Aramco sees increase in attempted cyber attacks * Saudi miner Ma'aden says China supply, coronavirus dampen aluminium outlook * UAE says total of seven cases diagnosed with coronavirus, as two more cases detected * BUZZ-NMC at bottom of FTSE, volatility to remain * Middle East Crude-Prompt Dubai inter-month swaps flip into contango * Mideast oil benchmark Dubai flips into contango as weak China demand weighs * Emirates crew failed to monitor settings in 2016 crash, probe finds * Tabreed, On Potential Acquisition Of Emaar Assets, Says Exploring Acquisition Opportunities In Region * Emaar Properties, On Potential Assets Sale To Tabreed, Says Exploring Financing Options * ADNOC considers exchangeable bonds linked to shares of listed unit-sources * Valentino CEO says Mayhoola is long term shareholder * BUZZ-Qatar's United Development plunges on profit decline, dividend cut * Bahrain's GFH invests $250 mln on Hilton, Marriott branded hotels in U.S. * Ahli United Bank reports record 2019 net profit * Kuwait seeks information on alleged Airbus bribery case - KUNA * Oman supports deeper oil output cut amid coronavirus outbreak (Compiled by Dubai newsroom)
|
|
In molecular biology, the apolipophorin III family of proteins are a family of exchangeable apolipoproteins. Exchangeable apolipoproteins constitute a functionally important family of proteins that play critical roles in lipid transport and lipoprotein metabolism. Apolipophorin III (apoLp-III) is a prototypical exchangeable apolipoprotein found in many insect species that functions in transport of diacylglycerol (DAG) from the fat body lipid storage depot to flight muscles in the adult life stage.
|
|
The currency was not internationally exchangeable and its export was illegal. In bilateral trade, a separate, non-exchangeable "clearing ruble" was used. There were separate shops (Beryozkas) for purchasing goods obtained with hard currencies. However, Soviet citizens could not legally own foreign currency.
|
|
Exchangeable standard needles, can be fit on most of series RN syringes with a cylindrical ferule.
|
|
Page 647 in Statistician Persi Diaconis has collaborated with Svante Janson on the study of exchangeable random graphs.
|
|
The improvements are Windows Phone 8, dual core processor, front camera, wireless charging option, exchangeable covers, and bigger screen.
|
|
Sucre notes were exchangeable at a rate of 25,000 sucre per dollar at Banco Central until March 30, 2001.
|
|
A plumbing fixture is an exchangeable device which can be connected to a plumbing system to deliver and drain water.
|
|
The Nikon 1 J4 is an entry-level digital mirrorless exchangeable lens camera announced by Nikon on April 10, 2014.
|
|
Before ion-exchange chromatography can be initiated, it must be equilibrated. The stationary phase must be equilibrated to certain requirements that depend on the experiment that you are working with. Once equilibrated, the charged ions in the stationary phase will be attached to its opposite charged exchangeable ions. Exchangeable ions such as Cl- or Na+.
|
|
Since the intraclass correlation coefficient gives a composite of intra-observer and inter-observer variability, its results are sometimes considered difficult to interpret when the observers are not exchangeable. Alternative measures such as Cohen's kappa statistic, the Fleiss kappa, and the concordance correlation coefficient have been proposed as more suitable measures of agreement among non-exchangeable observers.
|
|
Built- in stereo FM radio, speakerphone, flashlight, calendar, predictive text input, exchangeable color covers, and three games (Bounce, Rapid Roll, Snake Xenzia).
|
|
In 2002, the guilder was replaced by the euro at an exchange rate of 2.20371 guilders = 1 Euro. Coins remained exchangeable for euros at branches of the Netherlands Central Bank until 1 January 2007. Banknotes valid at the time of conversion to the euro may be exchanged there until 1 January 2032, while other banknotes are exchangeable for 30 years from withdrawal.
|
|
There are two types of ion exchange chromatography: Cation-Exchange and Anion- Exchange. In the Cation-Exchange Chromatography the stationary phase has negative charge and the exchangeable ion is a cation, whereas, in the Anion- Exchange Chromatography the stationary phase has positive charge and the exchangeable ion is an anion. Ion exchange chromatography is commonly used to purify proteins using FPLC.
|
|
It may have intrinsic value (commodity money), be legally exchangeable for something with intrinsic value (representative money), or only have nominal value (fiat money).
|
|
In such a structure the occupancy of an exchangeable deuterium atom in a crystal will refine from 0-100%, directly quantifying the amount of exchange.
|
|
In protic solution exchangeable protons such as those in hydroxyl or amine group exchange protons with the solvent. If D2O is solvent, deuterons will be incorporated at these positions. The exchange reaction can be followed using a variety of methods (see Detection). Since this exchange is an equilibrium reaction, the molar amount of deuterium should be high compared to the exchangeable protons of the substrate.
|
|
However, even after the official dates, they continued to be accepted for exchange by national central banks for varying periods—and indefinitely in Austria, Germany, Ireland, and Spain. Coins from those four countries, Italy, and Finland remain exchangeable. The earliest coins to become non-convertible were the Portuguese escudos, which ceased to have monetary value after 31 December 2002, although banknotes remain exchangeable until 2022.
|
|
In addition, it is susceptible to contamination with water, so samples must be scrupulously dried. An adaption of this method is to determine the non-exchangeable (C-H) and exchangeable hydrogen (bounds to other elements, e.g. O, S and N) in organic matter. The samples are equilibrated with water in sealed autosampler carousels at 115 °C and then transferred into pyrolysis EA followed by IRMS measurement.
|
|
Exchangeable bond (or XB) is a type of hybrid security consisting of a straight bond and an embedded option to exchange the bond for the stock of a company other than the issuer (usually a subsidiary or company in which the issuer owns a stake) at some future date and under prescribed conditions. An exchangeable bond is different from a convertible bond. A convertible bond gives the holder the option to convert bond into shares of the issuer. The pricing of an exchangeable bond is similar to that of convertible bond, splitting it in straight debt part and an embedded option part and valuing the two separately.
|
|
Many other popular random graph models can be understood as exchangeable random graph models defined by some graphon, a detailed survey is included in Orbanz and Roy.
|
|
The stationary phase consists of an immobile matrix that contains charged ionizable functional groups or ligands. The stationary phase surface displays ionic functional groups (R-X) that interact with analyte ions of opposite charge. To achieve electroneutrality, these inert charges couple with exchangeable counterions in the solution. Ionizable molecules that are to be purified compete with these exchangeable counterions for binding to the immobilized charges on the stationary phase.
|
|
One classifer coconut this give you auxiliary word "这一个椰子给你，This coconut is for you." Generally, the word "lax" and "dheuu" are exchangeable.
|
|
Hydrogen–deuterium exchange (also called H–D or H/D exchange) is a chemical reaction in which a covalently bonded hydrogen atom is replaced by a deuterium atom, or vice versa. It can be applied most easily to exchangeable protons and deuterons, where such a transformation occurs in the presence of a suitable deuterium source, without any catalyst. The use of acid, base or metal catalysts, coupled with conditions of increased temperature and pressure, can facilitate the exchange of non-exchangeable hydrogen atoms, so long as the substrate is robust to the conditions and reagents employed. This often results in perdeuteration: hydrogen-deuterium exchange of all non-exchangeable hydrogen atoms in a molecule.
|
|
Because JFIF is a supplementary standard, the resulting file format may be referred to as "JPEG/JFIF". JFIF is mutually incompatible with the newer Exchangeable image file format (Exif).
|
|
A modular plug crimping tool with exchangeable crimping dies. Termination of cables with modular connectors is similar across the various number of positions and contacts in the plug. The crimping tool contains a die which is often exchangeable and is closely matched to the shape and pin count of the modular plug. A crimping die-set looks similar to an 8P8C jack, except for the eight teeth lining the top portion of the die.
|
|
Tubulin beta-4A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TUBB4A gene. Two tubulin beta-4 chain proteins are encoded in the human genome by the genes TUBB4A (this entry) and TUBB4B. Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a key components of the cytoskeleton. It binds two molecules of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta-chain and one at a non- exchangeable site on the alpha-chain.
|
|
Exchangeable phase (i.e. Clay-REE) accounts for 60-90% of the total REE content in the deposits. In this phase, REEs occur as mobile cations (i.e. REE3+), hydrated cations (i.e.
|
|
See extreme value theory for further discussion. Formally, this applies not just to sampling from a population, but to any exchangeable sequence of random variables, not necessarily independent or identically distributed.
|
|
The recepis were also exchangeable for other commercial paper, although not legal tender (only the bank's 1828 notes were legal tender). The banks rights were renewed again from 1848 to 1858, with no further capital acquired. On 8 May 1854, the government announced that Dutch currency (of 1847 and later) was legal tender in the Indies. The bank's rights were temporarily extended until 31 March 1860, and the silver recipes were deemed exchangeable with any valid payment instrument.
|
|
Thus, it takes as input a Bernoulli sequence with not necessarily equal to 1/2, and outputs a Bernoulli sequence with p = 1/2. More generally, it applies to any exchangeable sequence—it only relies on the fact that for any pair, 01 and 10 are equally likely: for independent trials, these have probabilities p\cdot (1-p) = (1-p)\cdot p, while for an exchangeable sequence the probability may be more complicated, but both are equally likely.
|
|
The most general notion which shares the main properties of i.i.d. variables are exchangeable random variables, introduced by Bruno de Finetti. Exchangeability means that while variables may not be independent, future ones behave like past ones – formally, any value of a finite sequence is as likely as any permutation of those values – the joint probability distribution is invariant under the symmetric group. This provides a useful generalization – for example, sampling without replacement is not independent, but is exchangeable.
|
|
The Samsung NX5 is an SLR-styled digital mirrorless system camera announced by Samsung on June 1, 2010. It was the second camera introduced that uses the Samsung NX mount for exchangeable lenses.
|
|
"Soil standards for planting Wisconsin conifers." J. For. 64(6):389–391. 3.5% organic matter, 12.0 meq/100 g exchange capacity, 0.12% total N, 44.8 kg/ha available P, 145.7 kg/ha available K, 3.00 meq/100 g exchangeable Ca, and 0.70 meq/100 g exchangeable Mg. Mossy forest floor under white spruce Forest floors under stands dominated by white spruce respond in ways that vary with site conditions, including the disturbance history of the site (Nienstaedt and Zasada 1990).
|
|
The exchangeable and non- exchangeable protons are usually assigned to their specific peaks as two independent groups. For exchangeable protons, which are for the most part the protons involved in base pairing, NOESY can be used to find through-space correlations between on neighboring bases, allowing an entire duplex molecule to be assigned through sequential walking. For nonexchangable protons, many of which are on the sugar moiety of the nucleic acid, COSY and TOCSY are used to identify systems of coupled nuclei, while NOESY is again used to correlate the sugar to the base and each base to its neighboring base. For duplex DNA nonexchangeable protons the H6/H8 protons on the base correlate to their counterparts on neighboring bases and to the H1' proton on the sugar, allowing sequential walking to be done.
|
|
The von Neumann extractor is a randomness extractor that depends on exchangeability: it gives a method to take an exchangeable sequence of 0s and 1s (Bernoulli trials), with some probability p of 0 and q=1-p of 1, and produce a (shorter) exchangeable sequence of 0s and 1s with probability 1/2. Partition the sequence into non-overlapping pairs: if the two elements of the pair are equal (00 or 11), discard it; if the two elements of the pair are unequal (01 or 10), keep the first. This yields a sequence of Bernoulli trials with p=1/2, as, by exchangeability, the odds of a given pair being 01 or 10 are equal. Exchangeable random variables arise in the study of U statistics, particularly in the Hoeffding decomposition.
|
|
Influence of ratio of exchangeable calcium–magnesium on yield and composition of soybeans and corn. Soil Sci. 93:265–270.Western Australian No-Tillage Farmers Association. 2005. WANTFA Meckering R&D; Site Trial Results 2004.
|
|
In physical chemistry, when referring to surface processes, saturation denotes the degree at which a binding site is fully occupied. For example, base saturation refers to the fraction of exchangeable cations that are base cations.
|
|
Although the rupiah resembled the Indonesian rupiah in appearance, it had a much higher value. Malayan money was withdrawn from 1 November 1963. The Riau rupiah was exchangeable as a foreign currency with the Indonesian rupiah.
|
|
This is a modern instrument and remains in constant production to fill a high demand. Additional patents (3,026,435) (3,161,769) (3,490,848) (3,433,557)3 for easily exchangeable optics, ultraviolet light sources and detectors have also been granted to McPherson.
|
|
It was the intention of the Presidential decree of 13 December 1965 that the 'rupiah baru' (new rupiah) become the unified national currency of all of Indonesia, exchangeable for the Irian Barat rupiah at par. However, a subsequent decree of 15 September 1966 restored the validity of the Irian money, recalling the Indonesian rupiah from Indonesia. The Indonesian rupiah only finally became legal tender in Irian on 18 February 1971. The existing Irian Barat money was exchangeable from May 1971 at the rate of 1 Irian Barat rupiah to 18.9 Indonesian rupiah.
|
|
Higher exchange rates were in place for local currencies, some of which had been heavily devalued by the over-printing of money by the army. The recently devalued Rupiah Baru of Aceh were exchangeable at 1.75 to 1.
|
|
Mr.Yee contends that she loved him but signs her execution to avoid inquiries into his life and protect his reputation. In the novella, lust plays a vital role in depicting love as a commodity that is easily exchangeable and disposable.
|
|
Elastomeric respirators are reusable devices with exchangeable cartridge filters that offer comparable protection to N95 masks. The filters must be replaced when soiled, contaminated, or clogged. They may have exhalation valves. Full-face versions of elastomeric respirators seal better and protect the eyes.
|
|
The conversion rate is 1,936.27 lire to the euro. All lira banknotes in use immediately before the introduction of the euro, as all post WW2 coins, are still exchangeable for euros in all branches of the Bank of Italy until 29 February 2012.
|
|
The Gibraltar pound (currency sign: £; banking code: GIP) is the currency of Gibraltar. It is pegged to – and exchangeable with – the British pound sterling at par value. Coins and banknotes of the Gibraltar pound are minted or printed by the Government of Gibraltar.
|
|
Only when they abandon their exchangeable identities and return to separate, different beings can the play end. In the twin's recognition of one another and their appearance in clothing of their true sex is their maturation and entry into adulthood and marriage.
|
|
A variation of fractional odds is known as Hong Kong odds. Fractional and Hong Kong odds are actually exchangeable. The only difference is that the UK odds are presented as a fractional notation (e.g. 6/5) whilst the Hong Kong odds are decimal (e.g. 1.2).
|
|
Singapore and Brunei have a Currency Interchangeability Agreement since 12 June 1967. Under the agreement, Singapore dollar and Brunei dollar are exchangeable at par without charge in both countries. As such, the currency of one country is accepted in the other country as "customary tender".
|
|
Financialization describes an economic process by which exchange is facilitated through the intermediation of financial instruments. Financialization may permit real goods, services, and risks to be readily exchangeable for currency, and thus make it easier for people to rationalize their assets and income flows.
|
|
Through the "Childhood" menu, Next sold tickets through their website in batches. Several tables would be opened up, and announcements were made on their Facebook and Twitter pages when tickets were available. The tickets sold rapidly. Next tickets are transferable, but not refundable or exchangeable.
|
|
To overcome the limited operating range of electric vehicles, and the lack of recharging infrastructure, an exchangeable battery service was first proposed as early as 1896. The concept was first put into practice by Hartford Electric Light Company through the GeVeCo battery service and initially available for electric trucks. The vehicle owner purchased the vehicle from General Vehicle Company (GVC, a subsidiary of the General Electric Company) without a battery and the electricity was purchased from Hartford Electric through an exchangeable battery. The owner paid a variable per-mile charge and a monthly service fee to cover the maintenance and storage of the truck.
|
|
The steam car, the internal combustion engine automobile, and the electric car emerged as the main competing technologies in the late 1890s until the 1920s. The concept of exchangeable battery service was first proposed as early as 1896 in order to overcome the limited operating range of electric cars and trucks. The concept was first put into practice by Hartford Electric Light Company through the GeVeCo battery service and was initially available for electric trucks. The vehicle owner purchased the vehicle from General Vehicle Company (GeVeCo, a subsidiary of the General Electric Company) without a battery and the electricity was purchased from Hartford Electric through an exchangeable battery.
|
|
The amount of expansion is due largely to the type of exchangeable cation contained in the sample. The presence of sodium as the predominant exchangeable cation can result in the clay swelling to several times its original volume. Hence, sodium montmorillonite has come to be used as the major constituent in nonexplosive agents for splitting rock in natural stone quarries in an effort to limit the amount of waste, or for the demolition of concrete structures where the use of explosive charges is unacceptable. This swelling property makes montmorillonite-containing bentonite useful also as an annular seal or plug for water wells and as a protective liner for landfills.
|
|
As with other feudal-like tax farming systems, Iqta' evolved from the tribal practices. It originated from the j to secure one's self by paying taxes to the most powerful leader, but later developed into something exchangeable by the landowners like with the fiefdoms of Europe.
|
|
Typically a centrifugal clutch and sprocket. The centrifugal clutch expands with increasing speed, engaging a drum. On this drum sits either a fixed sprocket or an exchangeable one. The clutch has three jobs: When the engine runs idle (typically 2500-2700 rpm) the chain does not move.
|
|
The Xiaomi Mi 4 was announced with a complementary US$12 smart-accessory known as the Xiaomi Mi Band which is a waterproof sleep-cycle smart alarm, fitness monitor, sleep tracker and remote smartphone unlocker. It comes in various exchangeable bands and has a 30-day battery capacity.
|
|
Emilie (Mimi) married a notable Egyptologist, Ludwig Borchardt. In 1903, she received an inheritance from Kuhn of 150,000 Marks and spent most of it on buying a villa in Cairo.Kasper-Holtkotte (2017), p. 21, footnote 34 This was a substantial fortune, then exchangeable for 53.7 kilograms of gold.
|
|
A study of Midwest United States soils on the other hand concluded that high Mg "can cause increased surface sealing and erosion in Midwestern soils." Dontsova, K.M. and L.D. Norton. 2002. Clay dispersion, infiltration, and erosion as influenced by exchangeable Ca and Mg. Soil Sci. 167: 184–193.
|
|
A number of companies were created with inadequate capital for their operations and authorized to issue bonds exchangeable at a 1:1 rate for Reichsmarks and sold at a discount. The Reichsbank rediscounted the bills of these companies creating a monetary expansion without formally renouncing the link to gold.
|
|
Because nucleic acids have a relatively large number of protons which are solvent-exchangeable, nucleic acid NMR is generally not done in D2O solvent as is common with other types of NMR. This is because the deuterium in the solvent would replace the exchangeable protons and extinguish their signal. H2O is used as a solvent, and other methods are used to eliminate the strong solvent signal, such as saturating the solvent signal before the normal pulse sequence ("presaturation"), which works best a low temperature to prevent exchange of the saturated solvent protons with the nucleic acid protons; or exciting only resonances of interest ("selective excitation"), which has the additional, potentially undesired effect of distorting the peak amplitudes.
|
|
In many cases this allows a combination of adaptive and non-adaptive components to work together. The data flow is controlled by a control system which is exchangeable as well as the adaptation algorithms. The other important feature is deployment capabilities. With the advent of component-based frameworks such as .
|
|
Minerals associated with segnitite make up metal alloys, batteries and even pigments. Carminite and beudanite are closely related to segnitite. In fact, forms of beudanite are commonly confused with segnitite, as the sulfate and arsenate anions readily exchangeable with each other. Other mineral relations include, goethite, coronadite, agardite, bayldonite, and mimetite.
|
|
The hexagonal architecture, or ports and adapters architecture, is an architectural pattern used in software design. It aims at creating loosely coupled application components that can be easily connected to their software environment by means of ports and adapters. This makes components exchangeable at any level and facilitates test automation.
|
|
In addition to lengths of pipe or tubing, pipe fittings such as valves, elbows, tees, and unions. are used in plumbing systems. Pipe and fittings are held in place with pipe hangers and strapping. Plumbing fixtures are exchangeable devices that use water and can be connected to a building's plumbing system.
|
|
According to the American mutualist William Batchelder Greene, each worker in the mutualist system would receive "just and exact pay for his work; services equivalent in cost being exchangeable for services equivalent in cost, without profit or discount".Greene, William Batchelder (1875). "Communism versus Mutualism". Socialistic, Communistic, Mutualistic and Financial Fragments.
|
|
Zygmunt Bauman considers certain features of 21st century society to actively promote moral blindness. A valorisation of commodities as ephemeral and exchangeable combines with the effect of internet anonymity to create a culture that tends to ignore of the particularity of the individual.Z. Bauman/L. Doaskis, Moral Blindness (2014) p.
|
|
Exchangeable colloidal AFM probes for the quantification of irreversible and long-term interactions. Biophysical Journal, 105 (2), 463 – 472. The method to perform a single bacteria adhesion experiment is the same as for single cells. It provides information about how bacterial cells interact with their surface and with each other.2015\.
|
|
Several pieces of merchandising action figures based on Zero Two have been announced. A Nendoroid, a brand of figures manufactured by Good Smile Company that typically feature exchangeable faces and body parts, is scheduled for release in December 2018. Other figures from Kotobukiya and S.H.Figuarts were released by the end of 2018.
|
|
He viewed as main themes of the play violence and "unrepressed animalistic sexuality". Both Lysander and Demetrius are, in his view, verbally brutal lovers, their love interests are exchangeable and objectified. The changeling that Oberon desires is his new "sexual toy". The aristocrats of the play, both mortal and immortal, are promiscuous.
|
|
75) that embody both use and exchange value. Commodification itself is a process by which goods and services not produced for sale are converted into an exchangeable form.Kosoy, Nicolás and Corbera, Esteve (2010) ‘Payments for Ecosystem Services as Commodity Fetishism’, Ecological Economics, 69(1): pp. 1228-1236. (p. 1229); Prudham 2009 (p.
|
|
Human ubiquitin, wild-type (). The N-terminal beta strand is the second from top, pointing right; the C-terminal strand is the one in front, pointing right and downwards. The exchangeable amino acids are located at the top left. Ubiquitin, as the name suggests, is a highly conserved protein occurring ubiquitously in eucaryotes.
|
|
Cory Doctorow, Metacrap. To create a Semantic Web, it may be necessary to draw from two or more metadata systems to describe a Web page's contents. The eXchangeable Faceted Metadata Language (XFML) is designed to enable controlled vocabulary creators to publish and share metadata systems. XFML is designed on faceted classification principles.
|
|
In April 2019, RRJ Capital completed the acquisition of all outstanding shares in gategroup from HNA Group. As a result, RRJ Capital became the sole shareholder and Temasek was invested in gategroup through a mandatory exchangeable bond. In September 2019, Temasek converted the mandatory exchangeable bond to acquire 50% stake in gategroup, making Temasek and RRJ co-shareholders. In December 2019, gategroup reached an agreement for a takeover of the European business of Deutsche Lufthansa AG subsidiary LSG Group, to include LSG's on-board operating business in Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy and Spain, as well as its global equipment business under the Spiriant brand, its European convenience food business, train catering, lounges and Lufthansa employee markets under the Ringeltaube brand.
|
|
Pursuing a progressive policy, the Government in 1991, announced its plans to privatize PTCL, and in 1994 issued six million vouchers exchangeable into 600 million shares of the would-be PTCL in two separate placements. Each had a par value of Rs. 10 per share. These vouchers were converted into PTCL shares in mid-1996.
|
|
In comparison to polymer electrolyte water electrolysis, the advantages of alkaline water electrolysis are mainly: # Cheaper catalysts with respect to the platinum metal group based catalysts used for PEM water electrolysis. # Higher durability due to an exchangeable electrolyte and lower dissolution of anodic catalyst. # Higher gas purity due to lower gas diffusivity in alkaline electrolyte.
|
|
In other eurozone countries this has long been considered unnecessary. In June 2008, The New York Times reported that many merchants in the French town of Collobrières, in Provence, choose to accept exchangeable franc notes.Collobrières Journal – A French Village Revives the Franc, NYTimes.com Euro usage in the world (blue and purple, click for detail).
|
|
The quality of many of these coins varied from decent to poor. During this period, many provinces and cities also had their own corresponding coin and note issues, referred to as Notgeld currency. This came about often due to a shortage of exchangeable tender in one region or another during the war and hyperinflation periods.
|
|
Another form of contingency management is voucher programs. In voucher-based contingency management patients earn vouchers exchangeable for retail items contingent upon objectively verified abstinence from recent drug use or compliance with other behavior-change targets. This particular form of contingency management was introduced in the early 1990s as a treatment for cocaine dependence.Higgins, ST, et al.
|
|
M.Zuiko Digital lenses are offered as exchangeable lenses for the Micro Four Thirds system (MFT). The ED 8 mm f/1.8 Fisheye Pro is available since 2014. This lens has a focussing ring and it is water and dust proof. The anti-reflective coating of the lens with 0.3 times normal focal length has 17 lenses in 15 groups.
|
|
The original Nord Electro has two sections. One was a sample- player intended for electric pianos, although samples of acoustic grand and upright pianos are also available. The sample libraries are exchangeable, and Clavia has made several samples libraries available for free for Nord Electro owners. The second section is a digital emulation of electronic organs.
|
|
The Nokia Lumia 710 can be personalized with exchangeable back covers. It is available in black, white with black, white, cyan, fuchsia and yellow back covers. The device has the same 1.4 GHz processor, hardware acceleration and graphics processor as the Nokia Lumia 800.This phone also features Nokia's clear black display giving it a vivid resolution.
|
|
Base saturation expresses the percentage of potential CEC occupied by the cations Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ or Na+. These are traditionally termed "base cations" because they are non-acidic, although they are not bases in the usual chemical sense. Base saturation provides an index of soil weathering and reflects the availability of exchangeable cationic nutrients to plants.
|
|
Guitars: From the Renaissance to Rock. Paddington Press Ltd 1977 p.16 The origin of automatic musical instruments dates back to the 9th century, when the Persian Banū Mūsā brothers invented a hydropowered organ using exchangeable cylinders with pins, and also an automatic flute playing machine using steam power. These were the earliest automated mechanical musical instruments.
|
|
Beach sand and hydrosol are the dominant soil types of the island. Both soil types are characterized by high pH values with high amounts of soluble salts and exchangeable sodium which resulted to high salinity and electrical conductivity as well as base saturation of nearly 100%. Moreover, it was noted that most of the soils are coarse textured.
|
|
Fernandes, Nuno. 2014, Finance for Executives: A Practical Guide for Managers, p. 32. Companies raise money from a number of sources: common stock, preferred stock, straight debt, convertible debt, exchangeable debt, warrants, options, pension liabilities, executive stock options, governmental subsidies, and so on. Different securities, which represent different sources of finance, are expected to generate different returns.
|
|
Unlike money, vouchers cannot circulate and are not transferable between people. They are also not exchangeable for any means of production, hence they are not transmutable into capital. Once a purchase is made, the labour vouchers are either destroyed or must be re- earned through labour. With such a system in place, monetary theft would become impossible.
|
|
In modern rackets, the membrane is exchangeable. Depending on the tension force four different types of the membrane can be distinguished: from very soft with a slack more than 5 mm to a rigid, without slack - a professional coaching racket. The sagging level of the membrane corresponds to the athlete's level of training and the discipline of the roliball.
|
|
In 1959 ten E open wagons had their sides removed and replaced with locks at suitable positions, permitting carrying of six LCL containers each. They were recoded QC1–10. In 1961 they had roller bearing bogies fitted and were recoded QCF, reflecting their higher maximum speed. In 1965 they were altered further, becoming gauge-exchangeable and recoded QCX.
|
|
Studies provide evidence through monolayer measurements, condensing properties, and nearly identical gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition temperatures (Tm) to the host membranes that the presence of these bonds do not play a major role or interfere in the recognition or packing formation of the modeled membranes in the presence of ethanol. The disulfide bonds, diacylglycerol bonds, and similar sterol framework are only present to mimic the physical properties of DSPC, DPPC, and cholesterol as well as aid in the monomer exchanging processes to form exchangeable dimers. The exchangeable lipids undergo a monomer interchanging process through the disulfide bridges in which they either mix ideally, homogenously, or heterogeneously. Their interactions are measured by the equilibrium constant (K) which will be described in further detail under the significance of results section.
|
|
As with other monetary theories, circuitism distinguishes between hard money – money that is exchangeable at a given rate for some commodity, such as gold – and credit money. The theory considers credit money created by commercial banks as primary (at least in modern economies), rather than derived from central bank money – credit money drives the monetary system. While it does not claim that all money is credit money – historically money has often been a commodity, or exchangeable for such – basic models begin by only considering credit money, adding other types of money later. In circuitism, a monetary transaction – buying a loaf of bread, in exchange for dollars, for instance – is not a bilateral transaction (between buyer and seller) as in a barter economy, but is rather a tripartite transaction between buyer, seller, and bank.
|
|
Fitbit Blaze Released in January 2016 the Fitbit Blaze is a smartwatch made to compete with the Apple Watch, Pebble, and Android Wear. The Blaze comes with a colored touchscreen, and an exchangeable strap and frame. It can auto-track exercises and has a heart-rate monitor. Blaze has connected GPS, meaning it tracks location using the connected smartphone's GPS.
|
|
Philosophical value is distinguished from economic value, since it is independent from some other desired condition or commodity. The economic value of an object may rise when the exchangeable desired condition or commodity, e.g. money, become high in supply, and vice versa when supply of money becomes low. Nevertheless, economic value may be regarded as a result of philosophical value.
|
|
Volatile thiols are easily and almost unerringly detected by their distinctive odor. S-specific analyzers for gas chromatographs are useful. Spectroscopic indicators are the D2O-exchangeable SH signal in the 1H NMR spectrum (33S is NMR-active but signals for divalent sulfur are very broad and of little utility). The νSH band appears near 2400 cm−1 in the IR spectrum.
|
|
His son Ieshige prohibited new issue of scrip, and restricted the circulation of scrip other than that exchangeable for silver, in 1759. Despite the prohibitions, domains in severe financial straits occasionally issued paper money. Each domain formulated its own rules about its scrip. While there were some that forbade the shogunate's coinage, many allowed both coins and scrip to circulate.
|
|
Germany then stripped some factories of useful machinery, and used the rest as scrap iron for its steel mills.Kossmann, p 533 At the start of war, silver 5 franc coins were collected and melted down by the National Bank to augment its silver reserves. They were exchangeable for paper banknotes, and later zinc coins, although many demonetized silver coins were hoarded.
|
|
As the show was for people in the 18+ year old bracket, a photo ID was necessary to ensure the attendee was old enough. The tickets were priced at $66 and were non-exchangeable nor transferable. Anyone with a tampered wristband was refused entry. The Australian V Festival tickets went on pre-sale for 24 hours, from 19 November, 9 am.
|
|
The demonstration plant will be generating electricity and thermal power, while CO2 will be sequestrated and purified for the production of carbo-chemical products or stored underground. Two gasification reactors of identical capacity can be used in an exchangeable way in order to either adapt to enhanced needs in the production of synthesis gas or the generation of electric energy.
|
|
Transition currencies are payment voucher- based systems that are exchangeable with the national currency. Between 2002-2014 many experiments in local currency took this form. Such currencies aim to raise the resilience of local economies by encouraging re-localisation of buying and food production. The drive for this change has arisen from a range of community-based initiatives and social movements.
|
|
Applied behavior analysis, a research-based science utilizing behavioral principles of operant conditioning, is effective in a range of educational settings.Alberto, P. & Troutman, A. (2003) Applied behavior analysis for teachers (6th ed.). Columbus, OH, USA: Prentice-Hall- Merrill. For example, teachers can alter student behavior by systematically rewarding students who follow classroom rules with praise, stars, or tokens exchangeable for sundry items.
|
|
Karl Marx, Capital, Volume I, Penguin, pp. 676–77; Marx, Capital, Volume III, Penguin ed., p. 522. Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).
|
|
Staff, "XC-120 Goes to Eglin for Tests", Aviation Week, 11 June 1951, Vol. 54, No. 24, p. 15. During the 1960s, the Sikorsky CH-54 Tarhe, a heavy-lift helicopter crane, could also be outfitted with exchangeable cargo pods; it was adopted in limited numbers by the United States Army and deployed during the Vietnam War for logistics purposes.
|
|
Conventional fixed landing gear with a tail wheel. In an agricultural variant there was 800-litre container in a fuselage (for 500 kg of chemicals), behind front seats, with exchangeable sets of equipment for spraying or cropdusting. Single radial engine 9-cylinder AI-14R (cruise power 161 kW/220 hp, take-off power 191 kW/260 hp). Two-blade propeller.
|
|
The proportions in which > they are exchangeable, whatever those proportions may be, can always be > represented by an equation in which a given quantity of corn is equated to > some quantity of iron: e.g., 1 quarter corn = x cwt. iron. What does this > equation tell us? It tells us that in two different things--in 1 quarter of > corn and x cwt.
|
|
A widely traded currency pair is the relation of the euro against the US dollar, designated as EUR/USD. The quotation EUR/USD 1.2500 means that one euro is exchanged for 1.2500 US dollars. Here, EUR is the base currency and USD is the quote currency (counter currency). This means that 1 Euro can be exchangeable to 1.25 US Dollars.
|
|
It's been used interchangeably with the term alkali soil, which is used in two meanings: 1) a soil with a pH greater than 8.2, 2) a soil with an exchangeable sodium content in excess of 15% of exchange capacity. The term "alkali soil" is often, but not always, used for soils that meet both of these characteristics.Genesis and Management of Sodic (Alkali) Soils. (2017). (n.p.): Scientific Publishers.
|
|
The Riau rupiah was exchangeable as a foreign currency with the Indonesian rupiah. The Riau rupiah was much shorter lived than the West Irian rupiah (which circulated from May 1963 until 1971), and, by Presidential decree effective from 1 July 1964, the Riau rupiah was no longer a valid currency, being replaced by the Indonesian rupiah at a rate of 1 Riau rupiah = 14.7 Indonesian rupiah.
|
|
BREL dropped traditional locomotive construction methods in favour of an entirely new approach – an innovative modular design. This offered savings on construction and maintenance compared to previous locomotive builds. The load-bearing underframe was fitted with exchangeable modules – number 1 cab, radiator, power unit, turbocharger, electrical equipment and number 2 cab. If required, each module could be easily removed from the underframe and replaced.
|
|
He included profit exchangeable tickets with wages, a response that captured their imagination such that when he deliberately forgot to include a ticket, they quickly reminded him of the error. At the end of the qualifying period, the balance sheet showed an excess of £181 over the set target. However, since he had already allocated £142 to the public good, this left £39 for profit sharing.
|
|
The discount parameter gives the Pitman-Yor process more flexibility over tail behavior than the Dirichlet process, which has exponential tails. This makes Pitman-Yor process useful for modeling data with power-law tails (e.g., word frequencies in natural language). The exchangeable random partition induced by the Pitman–Yor process is an example of a Poisson–Kingman partition, and of a Gibbs type random partition.
|
|
Princess Langwidere. Illustration by John R. Neill. Princess Langwidere appears in Baum's third Oz book Ozma of Oz (1907) as a secondary villain. She is the vain and spoiled princess whom Dorothy and her company encounter when she visits the Land of Ev which neighbors Oz. Langwidere has a collection of 30 exchangeable heads she keeps in a cabinet constructed of solid gold and studded with gems.
|
|
Renault also agreed to develop exchangeable batteries for the project. Renault collaborated with Better Place to produce a network of all-electric vehicles and thousands of charging stations in Denmark, planned to be operational by 2011. The Renault Fluence Z.E., was selected for the Israel project. It became the first zero-emission vehicle with a switchable battery, with trials in 2010 undertaken with the Renault Laguna.
|
|
The WRB defines five Reference soil Groups with a compulsory argic horizon. Only the Retisols have retic properties. The other four are differentiated according to the cation exchange capacity per kg clay at pH 7 (CEC / kg clay) in the argic horizon and according to the base saturation calculated per sum of exchangeable cations (BSeff) in the subsoil. For Luvisols both values are high.
|
|
These ionizable molecules are retained or eluted based on their charge. Initially, molecules that do not bind or bind weakly to the stationary phase are first to wash away. Altered conditions are needed for the elution of the molecules that bind to the stationary phase. The concentration of the exchangeable counterions, which competes with the molecules for binding, can be increased or the pH can be changed.
|
|
To partially test how realistic the assumption is on a given data set, the correlation can be computed, lag plots drawn or turning point test performed. The generalization of exchangeable random variables is often sufficient and more easily met. The i.i.d. assumption is important in the classical form of the central limit theorem, which states that the probability distribution of the sum (or average) of i.i.d.
|
|
There are different bar types available: ;Laminated bars These bars consist of different layers to reduce the weight of the bar. ;Solid bars These bars are solid steel bars intended for professional use. They have commonly an exchangeable nose since the sprocket at the bar nose wears out faster than the bar. ;Safety bars These bars are laminated bars with a small sprocket at the nose.
|
|
In return, landowners would receive deeds exchangeable for bank loans. These loans are needed in order to rebuild homes destroyed during the hurricane. Browne says this proposed measure will empower citizens to own their land. Trevor Walker, former member of council, believes that this is not a plan to empower citizens, but a way to take away land rights that are enshrined in the 2007 act.
|
|
Some of his passengers became ill from smallpox while on board, forcing Kock to found a small emergency hospital upon arrival. Kock closed with laborers on a 4-year contract for a wage of $0.16 per day, costs included. He printed special Gourde notes, upon which read the text Island of A'Vache and his own name, Bernard Kock. These were exchangeable for normal Haitian gourdes.
|
|
Like most trees, red spruce is subject to insect parasitism. Their insect enemy is the spruce budworm, although it is a bigger problem for white spruce and balsam fir. Other issues that have been damaging red spruce has been the increase in acid rain and current climate change. One of the consequences of acid rain deposition is the decrease of soil exchangeable calcium and increase of aluminum.
|
|
" In Principles Ricardo defines rent as the "proportion of the whole produce [of the produce obtained with a given capital on a given farm] without any reference to its exchangeable value". Ricardo reasons that where "the same cause, the difficulty of production, raises the exchangeable value of raw produce paid to the landlord for rent, it is obvious that the landlord is doubly benefited by difficulty of production. First he obtains a greater share, and secondly the commodity in which he is paid is of greater value." In response to Thomas Malthus' claim that "Improvements in agriculture tend even according to the concessions of Mr. Ricardo to increase the proportion of the whole produce which falls to the landlord's share", Ricardo replied: > "If therefore I have anywhere said that rent rises or falls in the > proportion that the produce is obtained is increased or diminished I have > committed an error.
|
|
M.Zuiko Digital lenses are offered as exchangeable lenses for the Micro Four Thirds system (MFT). The ED 300 mm f/4 IS Pro is available since 2016. This lens has a focussing ring, it is water and dust proof and is equipped with an autofocus system. It is the first Olympus M.Zuiko lens and the only Olympus M.Zuiko prime lens with an in-built image stabilisation (end of 2016).
|
|
The intercalated anions (Z) are weakly bound, often exchangeable; their intercalation properties have scientific and commercial interest.Khan, Aamir I.; O'Hare, Dermot "Intercalation chemistry of layered double hydroxides: recent developments and applications" Journal of Materials Chemistry (2002), 12(11), 3191-3198. LDHs occur in nature as minerals, as byproducts of metabolism of certain bacteria, and also unintentionally in man-made contexts, such as the products of corrosion of metal objects.
|
|
It is identified on the basis of automatic detection of the likelihood of term co-occurrence. A lexical word may occur in several topics with a different probability, however, with a different typical set of neighboring words in each topic. Each document is assumed to be characterized by a particular set of topics. This is similar to the standard bag of words model assumption, and makes the individual words exchangeable.
|
|
Thomas Collelo, ed. Lebanon: A Country Study Washington, Library of Congress, 1987. The uncertainty in the definition of the extent of "Syria" is aggravated by the etymological confusion of the similar-sounding names Syria and Assyria. The question of the ultimate etymological identity of the two names remains open today, but regardless of etymology, the two names have often been taken as exchangeable or synonymous from the time of Herodotus.
|
|
IIM attributes are widely used and supported by many image creation and manipulation programs. Almost all the IIM attributes are supported by the Exchangeable image file format (Exif), a specification for the image file format used by digital cameras. IIM metadata can be embedded into JPEG/Exif, TIFF, JPEG2000 or Portable Network Graphics formatted image files. Other file formats such as GIF or PCX do not support IIM.
|
|
In many applications we want to model a collection of distributions such as the one used to represent temporal and spatial stochastic processes. The Dirichlet process assumes that observations are exchangeable and therefore the data points have no inherent ordering that influences their labeling. This assumption is invalid for modelling temporal and spatial processes in which the order of data points plays a critical role in creating meaningful clusters.
|
|
But Jamal (which means beauty) is not exchangeable.” Baba Farid liked Sheikh Jamal-ud-din so much that he went to Hansi to stay with Sheikh Jamal-ud-din for 12 years. He nominated him as his Khalifa. He trusted him so much that whenever Baba Farid would give the letter of Khilafat to anyone, he would direct him have it countersigned by Shaikh Jamal-ud-Din of Hansi.
|
|
Olav Kallenberg is a probability theorist known for his work on exchangeable stochastic processes and for his graduate-level textbooks and monographs. Kallenberg is a professor of mathematics at Auburn University in Alabama in the USA.Faculty profile, Auburn University, retrieved 2013-12-20. From 1991 to 1994, Kallenberg served as the Editor-in-Chief of Probability Theory and Related Fields, one of the world's leading journals in probability.
|
|
The game comes with an opaque spinner with a hole in it, and multiple exchangeable cardboard circles which can be placed into the spinner. The spinner would land on either a question or a "dare". Each action (or question) is worth a certain number of points. If a player does not perform the action or answer a question they must wear a "zit sticker" for the rest of the game.
|
|
307 "The impact of Hoeffding (1948) is overwhelming at the present time and is very likely to continue in the years to come". Note that the theory of U-statistics is not limited toSen (1992), p306 the case of independent and identically-distributed random variables or to scalar random- variables.Borovskikh's last chapter discusses U-statistics for exchangeable random elements taking values in a vector space (separable Banach space).
|
|
Sixty-day and two-year notes were issued, payable to order, receivable in payment of all debts due to the United States, and exchangeable for bonds at par. They were first issued by President Lincoln's administration just after the Battle of Fort Sumter and until the financing authorized by Act of July 17 became available. Only one example is known to have survived in issued and uncancelled form.
|
|
Another advantage of methane for compound specific measurements is the lack of hydrogen exchange. Cellulose has exchangeable hydrogen, but chemical derivatization can prevent swapping of cellulose hydrogen with water or mineral hydrogen sources. Cellulose and methane studies in the 1970s and 1980s set the standard for modern hydrogen isotope geochemistry. Measurements of individual compounds was made possible in the late 1990s and early 2000s with advancements in mass spectrometry.
|
|
The match was played in heavy rain, conditions that the German side had christened "Fritz Walter weather", as Walter was known for playing his best football in the wet. In addition, the German team was equipped with boots supplied by Adidas that featured hitherto unknown, exchangeable, screw-in studs. The boots could be adapted to any weather, enabling the German players to wear their regular footwear despite the adverse conditions.
|
|
Their faces and other body parts are exchangeable, giving them a range of different possible expressions and poses. The name is derived from the Japanese word for clay, , possibly because they resemble clay models. Nendoroid figures have mostly been based on female characters from anime, manga or video games series such as Puella Magi Madoka Magica, Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha, Steins;Gate, K-ON!, Haruhi Suzumiya, Fate/stay night, Vocaloid, etc.
|
|
For example, in an exchangeable correlation matrix, all pairs of variables are modeled as having the same correlation, so all non-diagonal elements of the matrix are equal to each other. On the other hand, an autoregressive matrix is often used when variables represent a time series, since correlations are likely to be greater when measurements are closer in time. Other examples include independent, unstructured, M-dependent, and Toeplitz.
|
|
Most importantly, these innovations allowed Rollei to distinguish itself from Hasselblad. Its Swedish rival promoted the extraordinary reliability of its cameras, as shown by the role Hasselblad cameras played in the missions to the Moon – publicity that was impossible to trump. Rollei, on the other hand, emphasised the advanced electronics and ease of use of its cameras. The SLX lacked an exchangeable film magazine, although a Polaroid back was available.
|
|
An important assumption behind a permutation test is that the observations are exchangeable under the null hypothesis. An important consequence of this assumption is that tests of difference in location (like a permutation t-test) require equal variance. In this respect, the permutation t-test shares the same weakness as the classical Student's t-test (the Behrens–Fisher problem). A third alternative in this situation is to use a bootstrap-based test.
|
|
The United States four dollar coin, also officially called a Stella, is a unit of currency equivalent to four United States dollars. It was originally minted as a universal coin exchangeable with any currency around the world. Two varieties of the Stella were made: Liberty with flowing hair, designed by Charles E. Barber, and with coiled hair, designed by George T. Morgan. The flowing hair variety is the most commonly seen variety.
|
|
The dominant opinion among contemporary Muslim jurists is that Zakat extends to modern exchangeable currencies. Since fiat currency is not covered by gold anymore, this imposed unprecedented challenge to the calculation of nisab. To overcome this problem, most contemporary jurists follow one of two approaches: # Use gold as an evaluation reference. This is rationalized by the fact that gold is the origin of modern currency, and is considered more precious than silver.
|
|
Solonetz profile Solonetz (, ) is a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). They have, within the upper 100 cm of the soil profile, a so-called "natric horizon" ("natrium" is the Latin term for sodium). There is a subsurface horizon (subsoil), higher in clay content than the upper horizon, that has more than 15% exchangeable sodium. The name is based on the Russian соль (sol, meaning salt).
|
|
Following the exhibition phase in 2002–2003, implementation of the project began. In 2006, a large print banner was mounted on the Rembertitunnel Parkallee street-front, with several exchangeable tarpaulins that could be installed over the large banner. In 2007, the same was done on the An der Weide side of the tunnel entrance. Redesign of the tunnel frontage and interior was stepped up from 2007, when the tunnel structure was inspected prior to renovations.
|
|
Cations are adsorbed to soil surfaces by the electrostatic interaction between their positive charge and the negative charge of the surface, but they retain a shell of water molecules and do not form direct chemical bonds with the surface. Exchangeable cations thus form part of the diffuse layer above the charged surface. The binding is relatively weak, and a cation can easily be displaced from the surface by other cations from the surrounding solution.
|
|
Mudie originally opened his circulating library to give the public greater access to nonfiction works—which took up nearly one third of his stock—but the market value of the novel brought Mudie financial success. In 1842, he began to lend books, charging subscribers one guinea per year for the right to borrow one exchangeable volume of a novel at a time. At that time, other book-lenders charged between four and ten guineas.
|
|
This attachment/detachment feature has been used by many recently to simulate the transport of viruses, colloids, and bacteria. HYDRUS model further include modules for simulating carbon dioxide transport (only HYDRUS-1D) and major ion chemistry modules, adopted from the UNSATCHEM program. HYDRUS-1D can thus be used in applications evaluating overall salinity, the concentration of individual soluble cations, as well as of the Sodium Adsorption Ratio and the Exchangeable Sodium Percentage.
|
|
Financial statements have been created on paper for hundreds of years. The growth of the Web has seen more and more financial statements created in an electronic form which is exchangeable over the Web. Common forms of electronic financial statements are PDF and HTML. These types of electronic financial statements have their drawbacks in that it still takes a human to read the information in order to reuse the information contained in a financial statement.
|
|
Paulingite is usually found in vesicles of basalt flows. Because of its rarity, certain chemical factors have to be considered for its formation. The exchangeable cations don’t control the formation of paulingite because variations of localities have different percentages to elements e.g. Riggins zeolites are K rich while Chase Creek is Barium rich. Also the Si/Al ratio doesn’t control the formation because the ratio is controlled by the pH of the solution.
|
|
Elastomeric full-face masks Elastomeric respirators are reusable devices with exchangeable cartridge filters that offer comparable or even superior protection to N95 masks. They were used as a substitute for N95 masks among shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic. The filters must be replaced when soiled, contaminated, or clogged. These components may be hard to find amidst shortages; the filters may thus be sterilized, in a way that does not harm the filter, and re-used.
|
|
The Czechoslovak koruna (crown) was a soft currency, that is, not exchangeable for other currencies outside the country. In 1948 shops were established under the name Darex to sell goods to foreigners for foreign (hard) currency only (based on the earlier Torgsin shops in the Soviet Union). Later, these became open to ordinary citizens, but not for crowns. In 1950, to speed up transactions and limit fraud, foreign currency was first converted into Darex vouchers in values of crowns.
|
|
This limited polymorphism permits individual operations to be overridden or replaced by custom functions, allowing printer drivers to intercept graphics commands and translate them to suitable printer operations. In this way, QuickDraw can be rendered using PostScript, a fact that enabled the Macintosh to practically invent desktop publishing. Similar to a subclass, the Window data structure began with the associated GrafPort, thus basically making windows exchangeable with any GrafPort. While convenient, this could be a source of programming errors.
|
|
Despite titular differences in some of the coinage, all were legal and exchangeable tender in all member nations. In 1996, centralized production of the 100-franc coin was resumed, with a single 500-franc coin reintroduced in 1998. Despite dropping state names and code letters, the overall design of the coins remained relatively unchanged. 2006 saw a redesign of all denominations of coins for the CFA franc, along with the introduction of a 2 franc piece.
|
|
An example of exchangeable protons which are commonly examined in this way are the protons of the amides in the backbone of a protein. The method gives information about the solvent accessibility of various parts of the molecule, and thus the tertiary structure of the protein. The theoretical framework for understanding hydrogen exchange in proteins was first described by Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang and he was the first to apply H/D exchange to study proteins.
|
|
By treaty dated 23 December 1865, France, Belgium, Italy, and Switzerland formed the Latin Monetary Union. They agreed to a combined gold and silver standard (bimetalism) with a gold-to-silver ratio of 15.5 to 1 as established in the French Franc. One LMU Franc represented 4.5 grams of fine silver or 0.290322 gram of fine gold. The treaty required that all four contracting states strike freely exchangeable gold coins and silver coins according to common specifications.
|
|
When the United States declared war on Nazi Germany on December 11, 1941, Best was arrested along with other U.S. reporters and held for deportation at an internment camp in Bad Nauheim.The Press: Worst Best, TIME Magazine, February 15, 1943. There he decided to withdraw from the group of exchangeable AmericansFormer Spartan Chooses to Stay In Nazi Germany, Herald-Journal, May 24, 1942. and remain with his fiancée Erna Maurer, an Austrian reporter for the Associated Press,U.
|
|
The Konica FP-1, introduced in 1981 and discontinued in 1983, was a 35mm SLR camera with TTL metering and a large range of exchangeable optics. The camera was quite unusual: shutter speed and aperture was automatically set by the camera (AE mode), with no user interaction possible. This reduced the user's workload to focusing, releasing the shutter and winding the film. Film winding could be further simplified by attaching an "Auto-Winder F" to the camera house.
|
|
An advantage of this method is that exchangeable cations can be removed by passing a chloride solution through the plate once the sample has been dried. Exchanging cations can be useful when establishing peaks for standards with variable interlayer cations. For example, nontronite has an interlayer which can contain both calcium and sodium. If an unknown sample was suspected to only contain one of these cations, a more accurate standard could be prepared by exchanging the undesired cation.
|
|
The newer Exchangeable image file format (Exif) is comparable to JFIF, but the two standards are mutually incompatible. This is because both standards specify that their particular application segment (APP0 for JFIF, APP1 for Exif) must immediately follow the SOI marker. In practice, many programs and digital cameras produce files with both application segments included. This will not affect the image decoding for most decoders, but poorly designed JFIF or Exif parsers may not recognise the file properly.
|
|
Detroit Community Scrip, also called Detroit Cheers, is a local currency used in Detroit, Michigan, first issued in April 2009. Modeled upon the local scrip that were used during the Great Depression, it is being used to restore local financial confidence following decades of economic decline. The Cheers are backed by U.S. currency and are fully exchangeable for an equal amount of U.S. dollars, backed by several Detroit-based businesses. There are currently $4,500 worth of cheers in circulation.
|
|
Under the Régence, the Scottish economist John Law had introduced financial measures that were modern for the time: a national bank, easy credit to encourage investors, and paper money exchangeable for gold bullion. Investor overconfidence in the ability to exchange paper money for gold led to wild speculation after 1720, and when the bubble burst, Law and his policies were thoroughly discredited, and French finances were in as dire straits as they had been when Louis XIV died.
|
|
Prices were always political decisions, having no connection to manufacturing cost. For example, bread was cheap and public transport practically free, but there was a shortage of manufactured consumer goods and wages were low, implementing a hidden tax. It was common to hold large savings in rubles in the sberkassa, a kind of a "bank", because credit was not available. Special rubles used in accounting were not exchangeable to cash, and were effectively different currency units.
|
|
A key point of difference between a token coin and a legal tender coin is that the latter is issued by a governmental authority and is freely exchangeable for goods. However, a token coin typically has a much more limited use and is often issued by a private company, group, association or individual. In the case of "currency tokens" issued by a company but also recognized by the state there is a convergence between tokens and currency.
|
|
Some protesters have argued that Federal Reserve notes (better known as dollar bills) are not actually money, because the Constitution only permits the government to "coin" money, and requires that such money be exchangeable for gold or silver; therefore, printed bills are instead symbols for use in bartering, and being paid in dollars is not the receipt of taxable income. This argument was brought before a court in Wilson v. United States.1998 WL 937356 (D. Colo. 1998).
|
|
Out of the box, there's no way to tell which ones are or not American since all toys were produced at the same factories. Same as it happened with LOBO, Mattel focused the entire line in a specific Big Jim model. This time was the '79 Big Jim Secret Agent which came with four exchangeable faces who was renamed "James Bond". Some time later other Spy and Space Big Jim action figures were renamed Bond too.
|
|
Although the euro became the currency of the eurozone countries including Ireland on 1 January 1999, it was not until 1 January 2002 that the state began to withdraw Irish pound coins and notes, replacing them with euro specie. All other eurozone countries withdrew their currencies in a similar fashion, from that date. Irish pound coins and notes ceased to be legal tender on 9 February 2002, although they are intended to be exchangeable indefinitely for euro at the Central Bank.
|
|
The IQ tokens are intended to be exchangeable for Bitcoin. One of the goals of the company is to stop certain countries from blocking the content, by the integration of the blockchain model. The goal is that once Everipedia is decentralized and hosted on the EOSIO platform, countries such as Turkey and Iran that block Wikipedia will no longer be able to block it, via Everipedia's fork. Mike Novogratz, CEO of Galaxy Investment LP, a cryptocurrency investment firm, and block.
|
|
The Germans built a number of gun emplacements by the Venetian Fortezza and their remains are still present. The general phase of urbanization that started in other parts of Greece in the 1960s, took place in the 1950s on the nearby island of Gavdos. During that period the islanders exchanged their land on Gavdos for ex-Turkish land on Crete, which had now become exchangeable through a state program. They created a community known as "Gavdiotika", in the 'old town' section of Paleochora.
|
|
A game time card (GTC, also called game time code) generally refers to a type of voucher that allows a player subscription time to a certain online video game, usually a massively multiplayer online role playing game (MMORPG). These are an alternative to the normal subscription method of cyclical billing that most games offer. The game time card is usually comparable in cost and exchangeable as a gift. The term now often simply refers to any one-use code for an online game.
|
|
There are two proposed mechanisms for the activation of PDE. The first proposes that the two inhibitory subunits are differentially bound, sequentially removable and exchangeable between the native complex PDEαβγ2 and PDEαβ. GTP-bound-Tα removes the inhibitory γ subunits one at a time from the αβ catalytic subunits. The second and more likely mechanism states that the GTP-Tα complex binds to the γ subunits but rather than dissociating from the catalytic subunits, it stays with the PDEαβ complex.
|
|
In this case there is a spread between the perceived value and real value, which can be extracted. Other ADR's that are not exchangeable often have much larger spreads. Since the ADR is trading at a value lower than what it is worth, one can purchase the ADR and expect to make money as its value converges on the original. However, there is a chance that the original stock will fall in value too, so by shorting it one can hedge that risk.
|
|
Second Life users, also called residents, create virtual representations of themselves, called avatars, and are able to interact with places, objects and other avatars. They can explore the world (known as the grid), meet other residents, socialize, participate in both individual and group activities, build, create, shop, and trade virtual property and services with one another. The platform principally features 3D-based user-generated content. Second Life also has its own virtual currency, the Linden Dollar, which is exchangeable with real world currency.
|
|
Except where exchange involves the Authority, a generally unregulated free market exists. The preferred currency is the dollar of the Bank of Hong Kong Luna, 100 of which are exchangeable for a troy ounce of gold, a supply of which was shipped to Luna for this purpose, or more usefully for potable water or other commodities in published quantities. The Authority dollar circulates in dealings with the Authority, but this tends to lose ground over time against the Hong Kong Luna dollar.
|
|
It consists of 76 amino acids in three and a half alpha helix windings and five strands constituting a beta sheet. For example, the eight surface-exposed exchangeable amino acids 2, 4, 6, 62, 63, 64, 65, and 66 are located at the beginning of the first N-terminal beta strand (2, 4, 6), at the nearby beginning of the C-terminal strand and the loop leading up to it (63–66). The resulting Affilin proteins are about 10 kDa in mass.
|
|
"Cor solo" (natural horn) – Raoux, Paris, 1797 – Paris, Musée de la Musique (with a double-loop crook located within the body of the horn). A crook, also sometimes called a shank, is an exchangeable segment of tubing in a natural horn (or other brass instrument, such as a natural trumpet) which is used to change the length of the pipe, altering the fundamental pitch and harmonic series which the instrument can sound, and thus the key in which it plays.Apel, pp. 392, 926.
|
|
There is a broad range of possible target behaviors: doing self-care such as washing, attending scheduled activities, having good academic behavior, or avoiding disruptive behavior. A token economy is more than just using exchangeable tokens. For a token economy to work, criteria have to be specified and clear. A staff member giving tokens to a client just because he judges he is behaving positively, is not part of a token economy because it is not done in a systematic way.
|
|
In a search-based recommender, user feedback is given in terms of answers to questions which restrict the set of relevant items. An example of such a question is "Which type of lens system do you prefer: fixed or exchangeable lenses?". On the technical level, search-based recommendation scenarios can be implemented on the basis of constraint-based recommender systems. Constraint-based recommender systems are implemented on the basis of constraint search or different types of conjunctive query-based approaches.
|
|
The third and final stage introduced a common currency for circulation known as the Euro, adopted by eleven of then-fifteen members of the European Union in January 1999. In doing so, they disaggregated their sovereignty in matters of monetary policy. These countries continued to circulate their national legal tenders, exchangeable for euros at fixed rates, until 2002 when the ECB began issuing official Euro coins and notes. , the EMU comprises 17 nations which have issued the Euro, and 11 non-Euro states.
|
|
An extra ribosome binding site has been found to precede the immunity gene on the polycistronic Clo DF13 mRNA, which perhaps accounts for the fact that, in cloacinogenic cells, more immunity protein than cloacin is synthesised. Comparison of the complete amino acid sequence of the Clo DF13 immunity protein with that of the Col E3 and Col E6 immunity proteins reveals extensive similarities in primary structure, although Col E3 and Clo DF13 immunity proteins are exchangeable only to a low extent in vivo and in vitro.
|
|
These levels can be shared online for other people to play. Players can also customize their Mega Man with exchangeable parts and special chips which gives each Mega Man unique attributes, such as jumping height, available weapons, etc. Alongside the customizable characters, the game offers several iterations of Mega Man, including one based on the North American NES box art of Mega Man, along with characters from other Capcom properties such as Ryu from Street Fighter and Arthur from Ghosts 'n Goblins. DLC was also planned.
|
|
Digital gold currency (or DGC) is a form of electronic money (or digital currency) based on mass units of gold. It is a kind of representative money, like a US paper gold certificate at the time (from 1873 to 1933) that these were exchangeable for gold on demand. The typical unit of account for such currency is linked to grams or troy ounces of gold, although other units such as the gold dinar are sometimes used. DGCs are backed by gold through unallocated or allocated gold storage.
|
|
Customer reward and loyalty programs operated by businesses are sometimes counted as private currencies. However, though "points" or "miles" may be exchangeable for merchandise or travel from the program sponsor, most of them lack the key element for currency of being a medium of exchange transferable to other individuals and usable as payment for items from other vendors. A few programs do have "partnerships" allowing this to some extent, and permit the transfer of points or miles. Some startups, such as the Canadian website Points.
|
|
Inverse isotope effects are less common as they preferentially partition the heavier isotope into the products. (2) Equilibrium isotope effects manifest in reversible reactions, when molecules can exchange freely to reach the lowest possible energy state. These variations can occur on a compound-specific level, but also on a position-specific level within a molecule. For instance, the carboxyl site of amino acids is exchangeable and therefore its carbon isotope signature can change over time and may not represent the original carbon source of the molecule.
|
|
In the last of its years, the Soviet Union's debt began accumulating on an alarming rate into clearing accounts. As a result, the Soviet Union started to pay the deficits with oil, a good with little value added and easily exchangeable to hard currency, which militated against the principle of bilateral trade. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, this form of trade has mostly disappeared. Bilateral trade is a manifestation of bilateral-ism; in contrast, multilateral ism and in particular multilateral trade agreements became more important.
|
|
4 has served as a justification to deem women as property, objects, and exchangeable commodities (among men). For example, women's bodies have been objectified throughout history through the changing ideologies of fashion, diet, exercise programs, cosmetic surgery, childbearing, etc. This contrasts to men's role as a moral agent, responsible for working or fighting in bloody wars. The race and class of a woman can determine whether her body will be treated as decoration and protected, which is associated with middle or upper-class women's bodies.
|
|
Isolates of A. aureus shows high tolerance to lead nitrate and increased mycelial growth in the presence of metallic lead. Additionally, inoculation of the fungus in lead- contaminated soil showed a reduction in exchangeable lead concentration, in addition to maintenance of soil pH and establishment of organic matter in the presence of microbiota. The mechanism of lead reduction by A. aureus is unknown, but the two major hypotheses are: A. aureus produces oosporein, which creates a complex with lead, transforming it into insoluble pyromorphite.
|
|
Coins were freely exchangeable until 17 February 2005 at Banque de France only (commercial banks were not required to accept the old coins after the transition period in 2002, but some did), by converting their total value in francs to euros (rounded to the nearest cent) at the fixed rate of 6.55957 francs for 1 euro. Banknotes remained convertible up until 17 February 2012. By that date, franc notes worth some €550 million remained unexchanged, allowing the French state to register the corresponding sum as revenue.
|
|
In 1977, a character rén is identified in the inscription of bronze vessel Zhongshan Wang Ding, consisting of two characters 尸(dead body) and 二 (two); the vessel dates back to 314 B.C. In 1981, an earlier bronze vessel is unearthed, dating back to around 850 B.C. On this vessel, the earliest character rén is found again consisting of 尸(dead body) and 二 (two), and character rén is used exchangeable with尸(dead body). Together earliest characters rén is associated with the notion of death.
|
|
Cosmic Break offers players a lot of customization options. There are over 100 different robots to choose from (and that number grows every month or so), most of which have six exchangeable parts (arms, legs, body, head, booster & weapons like the Wonder Bit). With the in-game Editor System, players can mix and match their robots, and experiment with over 300 parts and weapons to assemble their robots. Also, many parts come with inbuilt abilities and/or weapons, which can also be improved by tuning them up.
|
|
Young, A & Young R 2001, Soils in the Australian landscape, Oxford University Press, Melbourne. A further consequence of continued cultivation and traffic is the development of compacted, impermeable layers or 'pans' within the profile. The decline of soil structure under irrigation is usually related to the breakdown of aggregates and dispersion of clay material as a result of rapid wetting. This is particularly so if soils are sodic; that is, having a high exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of the cations attached to the clays.
|
|
Truck systems often existed in tandem with company towns (communities owned by an employer for the purpose of housing workers), which usually contained company stores. However, a truck system is not a prerequisite for the existence of a company town or vice versa. Truck systems often persisted in long-settled, densely populated areas which hosted many employers and many merchants nominally in competition with one another. In such areas, their existence depended on the ability of employers to pay employees in scrip exchangeable at a company store.
|
|
"The restrictions imposed on the right to sell, rent or even cultivate land, due to the consideration of Muslims as "exchangeable", gradually led to the financial devastation of the Muslim population." Due to the fluidity of the situation, there were some Muslim Chams who sold their properties to the incoming refugees with a view of proceeding with a migration to Turkey, due to the exchange, while the League of Nations sought to be informed of those developments.Ktistakis. Αλβανών και Τσάμηδων στην Ελλάδα. 2006. p.14.
|
|
The problem of mediation in Marxism is also referred to as the problem of determination, or namely how social actors navigate the social structures that bind them. For Marx, the primary form of mediation is labor, which forms a dialectical relationship between a worker's body and nature. Labor thus mediates between humans and the natural world. Once labor becomes reified, or made into an abstraction that becomes a commodity, however, it becomes alienated from the worker who owns it and becomes exchangeable just like any other commodity.
|
|
This first attempt by the Mongols did not last long because the notes issued expired after several years and were inconsistent throughout the parts of the Mongol Empire that issued them. In 1260, Kublai Khan created the Yuan Mongol's first unified paper currency with notes that did not have any expiration date. To validate the currency, it was made fully exchangeable to silver and gold and was accepted as tax payments. Currency distribution was small at first, but the war against the southern Song dramatically increased circulation.
|
|
With the medium backstrap installed, the grip size is identical to the third-generation pistols. The magazine release catches are enlarged and reversible for left-handed use. To use the exchangeable magazine release feature, fourth-generation Glock magazines have a notch cut on both sides of the magazine body. Earlier versions of the magazines will not lock into the Gen4 pistols if the user has moved the magazine release button to be operated by a left-handed user. Gen4 magazines will work in older models.
|
|
Since the molecule has a hydroxyl (-OH) group, it is frequently bound to other lipids including glycerols; most analytical methods, therefore, utilise a strong alkali (KOH or NaOH) to saponify the ester linkages. Typical extraction solvents include 6% KOH in methanol. The free sterols are then separated from the polar lipids by partitioning into a less polar solvent such as hexane. Prior to analysis, the hydroxyl group is frequently derivatised with BSTFA (bis-trimethyl silyl trifluoroacetamide) to replace the hydrogen with the less exchangeable trimethylsilyl (TMS) group.
|
|
This continues, with each customer choosing to either sit at an occupied table with a probability proportional to the number of customers already there (i.e., they are more likely to sit at a table with many customers than few), or an unoccupied table. At time n, the n customers have been partitioned among m ≤ n tables (or blocks of the partition). The results of this process are exchangeable, meaning the order in which the customers sit does not affect the probability of the final distribution.
|
|
However, these states also wish to preserve their individual integrity and unique features. For example, in contrast to other Kyoto-compliant systems, some states propose other types of greenhouse gas sources, different measurement methods, setting a maximum on the price of allowances, or restricting access to CDM projects. Creating instruments that are not fungible (exchangeable) could introduce instability and make pricing difficult. Various proposals for linking these systems across markets are being investigated, and this is being coordinated by the International Carbon Action Partnership (ICAP).
|
|
On March 14, 2020, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a No Sail Order for cruise ships. Concurrently Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings implemented a suspension of all cruise voyages across its three brands, with all 28 ships in port or at anchor and all passengers disembarked by March 28, 2020. This suspension has subsequently been extended through June 30, 2020. On May 5, 2020, in a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings said there is “substantial doubt” about its ability to continue as a “going concern” as it faces a liquidity crunch over the next twelve months. Remarkably, by the next day, NCLH was able to secure over $2.2 billion of additional liquidity in oversubscribed capital markets transactions, but at a price: (1) $400 million in common stock at $11 per share; (2) $675 million in senior secured notes due 2024 at a 12.25% interest rate; (3) $750 million in exchangeable notes due 2024 at 6% interest rate, and exchangeable at any time into common shares at $13.75; and (4) $400 million private investment from a global private equity firm.
|
|
The Tokugawa shogunate attempted to create a central currency, based on gold, silver and copper units all exchangeable at fixed rates. Oblong gold coins, called koban, were minted with one koban containing about one ryō of gold, so that koban carried a face value of one ryō. The official rate was set in 1609 at one ryō equal to 50 monme (approx 187 grams) of silver, or 4000 brass coins. However, in reality the relative values between gold, silver and brass currencies fluctuated on an almost daily basis throughout the Edo period.
|
|
Radiocarbon dating is a radiometric dating method that uses (14C) to determine the age of carbonaceous materials up to about 60,000 years old. The technique was developed by Willard Libby and his colleagues in 1949 during his tenure as a professor at the University of Chicago. Libby estimated that the radioactivity of exchangeable carbon-14 would be about 14 disintegrations per minute (dpm) per gram of pure carbon, and this is still used as the activity of the modern radiocarbon standard. In 1960, Libby was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for this work.
|
|
Boston: Lee & Shepard. "Under the mutual system, each individual will receive the just and exact pay for his work; services equivalent in cost being exchangeable for services equivalent in cost, without profit or discount; and so much as the individual laborer will then get over and above what he has earned will come to him as his share in the general prosperity of the community of which he is an individual member". Mutualism has been retrospectively characterised as ideologically situated between individualist and collectivist forms of anarchism.Avrich, Paul (1996).
|
|
Kadamba are suitable for reforestation programs. It sheds large amounts of leaf and non-leaf litter which on decomposition improves some physical and chemical properties of soil under its canopy. This reflects an increase in the level of soil organic carbon, cation-exchange capacity, available plant nutrients and exchangeable bases. A yellow dye is obtained from the root bark. Kadamba flowers are an important raw material in the production of ‘attar’, which is Indian perfume with sandalwood (Santalum spp.) base in which one of the essences is absorbed through hydro-distillation.
|
|
Experimental studies on automatic arc welding started in 1934. With the market launch of the automatic welding machines S I and S II in 1937, mechanised welding for industrial purposes was possible for the first time. Kjellberg offered three technological options for mechanised welding: with exchangeable electrode head for endless welding of rod electrodes, with welding head for bare wire coils and with carbon head for thin sheet welding.ESAB 1904-2004: A Century of Innovation in Welding and Cutting, special issue of Svetsaren: The ESAB Welding and Cutting Journal, vol.
|
|
Most SLR cameras would at this time be fully manual, with an option of using one or more automatic exposure modes. The FP-1 was basically a point- and-shoot camera, like most viewfinder cameras, but with the benefit of TTL metering and exchangeable lenses. A similar camera, for the same entry-level user group, is the later Canon T-50. The AE mode itself was unusual. The camera operated with only 3 possible apertures, f/2.8, f/5.6 or f/11, and would use shutter speeds from 1/30 to 1/1000 sec.
|
|
Queen Victoria (1837–1901) The Government of Straits Settlements was first authorised to issue currency notes by Ordinance VIII of 1897, which came into operation on 31 August 1898. These notes, although dated 1 September 1898, were not issued to the public until 1 May 1899. Both the Chartered Bank and Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank continued to issue banknotes, which circulated side by side with the official currency. All notes were freely exchangeable with the Mexican dollar or the various other silver coins that were legal tender in the Colony.
|
|
Following recent trends in modern pistol design, the P2000 makes extensive use of impact-resistant polymers to reduce weight and production costs. As with other recent Heckler & Koch pistol designs, the P2000 is modular to suit individual needs. For instance, the grip is modular with exchangeable backstraps, allowing the user to customize the pistol's grip size and feel. There is a universal accessory rail built into the dust cover in front of the trigger guard that allows for the use of tactical lights, laser pointers and other accessories.
|
|
This cent was one hundredth of a Straits dollar. As a protectorate of Britain in the early 20th century, Brunei used the Straits dollar from 1906, the Malayan dollar from 1939 and the Malaya and British Borneo dollar from 1953 until 1967, when it began issuing its own currency. The Brunei dollar replaced the Malaya and British Borneo dollar in 1967 after the formation of Malaysia and the independence of Singapore. Until 23 June 1973, the Malaysian ringgit was exchangeable at par with the Singapore dollar and Brunei dollar.
|
|
Stilbite shows a wide variation in exchangeable cations: silicon and aluminium ions occupy equivalent sites and can substitute for each other. Since silicon and aluminium have a different charge (Si4+ and Al3+) the ions occupying the sodium/calcium site have to adjust to maintain charge balance. There is a continuous series between stellerite, whose formula can be written as Ca4(Si28Al8)O72·28(H2O), and stilbite, and another continuous series between stilbite and barrerite, Na8(Si28Al8)O72·26(H2O). Epistilbite is a distinct zeolite species unrelated to stilbite.
|
|
Nations were allowed to keep legacy currency in circulation as legal tender for two months, until 28 February 2002. The official date on which the national currencies ceased to be legal tender varied from member state to member state. The earliest date was in Germany; the Mark officially ceased to be legal tender after 31 December 2001. Most member states, though, permitted their legacy currency to remain in circulation the full two months. The legacy currency was exchangeable at commercial banks in the currency's nation for a further period, generally until 30 June 2002.
|
|
This system was cartridge-based and integrated arcade–style games with educational content. Also in the 2000s, educational games saw an expanse into sustainable development with titles such as Learning Sustainable Development in 2000 and Climate Challenge in 2006. University institute of Serious Games By 2010, serious games had evolved to incorporate actual economies like Second Life, in which users can create actual businesses that provide virtual commodities and services for Linden dollars, which are exchangeable for US currency. In 2015, Project Discovery was launched as a serious game.
|
|
Pfizers Genotropin Injection Pen, the ventilator Servo-i for Maquet and the asthma inflammation monitor Niox Mino for Aerocrine.aerocrine.com Veryday also designs equipment, work protection and machine constructions for industrial enterprises, aiming to reduce accidents and musculoskeletal injuries. The company is known for its award winning welding helmet Speedglas, owned by the American company 3M. Ergonomidesign has developed over 400 different products for Bahco, for example the recently released handsaw with exchangeable blades that won a Red Dot Design Award and an IF iF product design award 2009.
|
|
In October 1923, Germany experienced a 29,500% hyperinflation (roughly 21% interest per day). Historically, this one-month inflation rate has only been exceeded three times: Yugoslavia, 313,000,000% (64.6% per day, January 1994); Zimbabwe, 79.6 billion% (98% per day, November 2008); and Hungary, 41.9 quadrillion% (207% per day, July 1946). On 15 November 1923 the Papiermark was replaced by the rentenmark at 4.2 rentenmark/dollar, or 1 trillion Papiermark/rentenmark (exchangeable through July 1925). During the hyperinflation, ever higher denominations of banknotes were issued by the Reichsbank and other institutions (notably the Reichsbahn railway company).
|
|
The commodification of nature is an area of research within critical environmental studies that is concerned with the ways in which natural entities and processes are made exchangeable through the market, and the implications thereof. Drawing upon the work of Karl Marx, Karl Polanyi, James O’Connor and David Harvey, this area of work is normative and critical,Prudham, William Scott (2009) ‘Commodification’, in Castree, Noel, et al. (eds) A Companion to Environmental Geography, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 123-142. (p. 125) based in Marxist geography and political ecology.
|
|
The sidepods were straight and flat and featured a variety of exchangeable panels for cooling and aerodynamics. An engine intake was mounted behind and above the cockpit, and shrouded an engine bay which could accept multiple naturally aspirated engine designs. Also shared with the Mk III was the use of a steel tube frame and carbon fiber chassis, rather than the all-carbon monocoque used by the Northstar LMP. Some notable changes to the design of the Mk III for the Mk III C were concentrated on the cockpit and nose areas.
|
|
Full commodification faces difficulties theoretically as it relies on an economic good or service being standardised and readily exchangeable in the market place irrespective of its spatial and temporal dimensions. Bakker argues that this is nearly impossible for water due to its biophysical characteristics that contravene all efforts to fully commodify. Capitalism depends on a changing balance between (re-)commodification and decommodification, which as Bob Jessop points out means that the processes of commodification, decommodification and recommodification will continue to appear in ‘waves’ due to capitalism's continual pursuit of accumulation by dispossession.
|
|
The praxinoscope allowed a much clearer view of the moving image compared to the zoetrope, since the zoetrope's images were actually mostly obscured by the spaces in between its slits. In 1879, Reynaud registered a modification to the praxinoscope patent to include the Praxinoscope Théâtre, which utilized the Pepper's ghost effect to present the animated figures in an exchangeable background. Later improvements included the "Praxinoscope à projection" (marketed since 1882) which used a double magic lantern to project the animated figures over a still projection of a background.
|
|
Since the molecule has a hydroxyl (-OH) group, it is frequently bound to other lipids including fatty acids; most analytical methods, therefore, utilise a strong alkali (KOH or NaOH) to saponify the ester linkages. Typical extraction solvents include 6% KOH in methanol. The free sterols and stanols (saturated sterols) are then separated from the polar lipids by partitioning into a less polar solvent such as hexane. Prior to analysis, the hydroxyl group is frequently derivatised with BSTFA (bis- trimethyl silyl trifluoroacetamide) to replace the hydrogen with the less exchangeable trimethylsilyl (TMS) group.
|
|
SOGEADE was created solely to hold French interests in the newly founded EADS (Airbus), as an intermediate holding company, which were owned by the state of France (through SOGEPA) and Lagardère Group (Désirade). In 2005, SOGEADE had the same shares holding ratio with Daimler AG for 29.9%. In 2006 Daimler and Lagardère agreed to sell 7.5% shares each to the open public. In 2007 Daimler agreed to sell 7.5% shares of Airbus to Dedalus while Lagardère issued mandatory exchangeable bonds for the 7.5% shares of Airbus to Natixis.
|
|
The term "variance structure" refers to the algebraic form of the covariance matrix between outcomes, Y, in the sample. Examples of variance structure specifications include independence, exchangeable, autoregressive, stationary m-dependent, and unstructured. The most popular form of inference on GEE regression parameters is the Wald test using naive or robust standard errors, though the Score test is also valid and preferable when it is difficult to obtain estimates of information under the alternative hypothesis. The likelihood ratio test is not valid in this setting because the estimating equations are not necessarily likelihood equations.
|
|
While a BerkShare is worth $.95 US dollars, the HOUR is not convertible to US dollars or any other type of national currency. Calgary Dollars, created in 1996 as the Bow Chinook Barter Community, has not been backed by or exchangeable with national currency, Canadian dollars. Their belief is that the valuation of 1:1 without exchangeability allows exchanges to be simplified but reduces the linkages to the problems associated with national currency that complementary currencies are seeking to address such as currency speculation and interest-bearing design.
|
|
The hydrogen isotope composition of oil, gas and coal is an important geochemical tool to study the formation, storage, migration and many other processes. The hydrogen isotopic signal of fossil fuels results from both inheritance of source material and water as well as fractionations during hydrocarbon generation and subsequent alteration by processes such as isotopic exchange or biodegradation. When interpreting hydrogen isotopic data of sedimentary organic matter one must take all the processes that might have an isotope effect into consideration. Almost all of the organic hydrogen is exchangeable to some extent.
|
|
An important aspect of this problem is that there is both inter- observer and intra-observer variability. Inter-observer variability refers to systematic differences among the observers -- for example, one physician may consistently score patients at a higher risk level than other physicians. Intra-observer variability refers to deviations of a particular observer's score on a particular patient that are not part of a systematic difference. The ICC is constructed to be applied to exchangeable measurements -- that is, grouped data in which there is no meaningful way to order the measurements within a group.
|
|
The microtubule grows from discrete assembly sites in the cells called Microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs), which are a network of microtubule associated proteins (MAP). Two molecules of energy rich guanosine triphosphate (GTP) are also important components of the microtubule structure. One molecule of GTP is tightly bound to the α-tubulin and is non-exchangeable whereas the other GTP molecule is bound to β-tubulin and can be easily exchanged with guanosine diphosphate (GDP). The stability of the microtubule will depend on whether the β-end is occupied by GTP or GDP.
|
|
The series is a brand of plastic figures created by the Japanese Good Smile Company in 2006. They typically depict characters from anime, manga or video games and are designed with a large head and smaller body to give them a cute appearance. Their faces and other body parts are exchangeable, giving them a range of different expressions and poses. The Nendoroid brand spans a variety of different products: the original 10 cm figures, smaller Nendoroid Petite figures, additional display tools known as the Nendoroid More series as well as plushies and play sets.
|
|
The hydrogen bonding in oxyhydrides can be covalent, metallic, and ionic bonding, dependent on the metals present in the compound. Oxyhydrides lose their hydrogen less than the pure metal hydrides. The hydrogen in oxyhydrides is much more exchangeable. For example oxynitrides can be made at much lower temperatures by heating the oxyhydride in ammonia or nitrogen gas (say around 400 °C rather than 900 °C required for an oxide) Acidic attack can replace the hydrogen, for example moderate heating in hydrogen fluoride yields compounds containing oxide, fluoride and hydride ions.
|
|
Technically, the electrical components of the Ge 6/6 II class corresponded with the then state of the art: (low voltage) on-load tap- changer transformer, and single phase universal traction motors. The two outermost bogies and the traction motors were exchangeable with the Ge 4/4 I. The box joint between the two halves of the locomotive permits only vertical movements. The Ge 6/6 II locomotives have a top speed of , weigh , and develop at . The maximum towing load is at a gradient of 4.5%, and at a 3.5% gradient.
|
|
Levels of AEC are much lower than for CEC, because of the generally higher rate of positively (versus negatively) charged surfaces on soil colloids, to the exception of variable-charge soils. Phosphates tend to be held at anion exchange sites. Iron and aluminum hydroxide clays are able to exchange their hydroxide anions (OH−) for other anions. The order reflecting the strength of anion adhesion is as follows: :H2PO4− replaces SO42− replaces NO3− replaces Cl− The amount of exchangeable anions is of a magnitude of tenths to a few milliequivalents per 100 g dry soil.
|
|
In low rainfall areas, unleached calcium pushes pH to 8.5 and with the addition of exchangeable sodium, soils may reach pH 10. Beyond a pH of 9, plant growth is reduced. High pH results in low micro-nutrient mobility, but water-soluble chelates of those nutrients can correct the deficit. Sodium can be reduced by the addition of gypsum (calcium sulphate) as calcium adheres to clay more tightly than does sodium causing sodium to be pushed into the soil water solution where it can be washed out by an abundance of water.
|
|
Various components of Conditional Access Common Interface scheme DVB-Receiver with Common Interface module In Digital Video Broadcasting, the Common Interface (also called DVB-CI) is a technology which allows decryption of pay TV channels. Pay TV stations want to choose which encryption method to use. The Common Interface allows TV manufacturers to support many different pay TV stations, by allowing to plug in exchangeable conditional-access modules (CAM) for various encryption schemes. The Common Interface is the connection between the TV tuner (TV or set-top box) and the module that decrypts the TV signal (CAM).
|
|
Thus given the official exchange rate of 378 Indonesian rupiah to 1 US$ at the time, it can be seen that the Irian Barat rupiah was ultimately worth exactly US$0.05. The Netherlands New Guinea gulden, fixed at par to the Dutch guilder, was exchangeable at 3.62 to the US dollar at the time of original conversion in 1963. Relative to the dollar therefore the currency had lost 82% of its value in 8 years. The Irian Barat rupiah circulated alongside the Indonesian rupiah as legal tender, for a further two years, until 1 April 1973.
|
|
Several fixes have been suggested but the debate continues on. A further concern is that the average treatment effect can sometimes be even less conservative compared to the fixed effect model and therefore misleading in practice. One interpretational fix that has been suggested is to create a prediction interval around the random effects estimate to portray the range of possible effects in practice. However, an assumption behind the calculation of such a prediction interval is that trials are considered more or less homogeneous entities and that included patient populations and comparator treatments should be considered exchangeable and this is usually unattainable in practice.
|
|
Diagram of a compound microscope A compound microscope uses a lens close to the object being viewed to collect light (called the objective lens) which focuses a real image of the object inside the microscope (image 1). That image is then magnified by a second lens or group of lenses (called the eyepiece) that gives the viewer an enlarged inverted virtual image of the object (image 2). The use of a compound objective/eyepiece combination allows for much higher magnification. Common compound microscopes often feature exchangeable objective lenses, allowing the user to quickly adjust the magnification.
|
|
ASIN: B00UI4EXT2. Under the Daoguang Emperor a new mint was established at Kucha in the Xinjiang province with coins cast there bearing the mark "庫" as well as coins with the reverse side inscription of "新" to circulate within the aforementioned province that was far away from China proper. Lin Zexu suggested in the year 1833 to create a series of Daoguang Tongbao (道光通寶) cash coins with a weight of 0.5 tael, and that two of these cash coins would be exchangeable for one tael of silver. But this proposal was not adopted.
|
|
Battery swapping is a strategy to avoid range anxiety that allows electric cars to extend their range through a battery switch station. At the station, the depleted battery is swapped for fully charged battery in about the same time that it takes to fill up a car with gasoline. Battery swapping is common in warehouses using electric forklift trucks. As the electric car emerged as the main competing technology in the late 1890s until the 1920s, the concept of exchangeable battery service was first proposed as early as 1896 in order to overcome the limited operating range of electric cars and trucks.
|
|
For the solvent isotope effects to be measurable, a finite fraction of the solvent must have a different isotopic composition than the rest. Therefore, large amounts of the less common isotopic species must be available, limiting observable solvent isotope effects to isotopic substitutions involving hydrogen. Detectable kinetic isotope effects occur only when solutes exchange hydrogen with the solvent or when there is a specific solute-solvent interaction near the reaction site. Both such phenomena are common for protic solvents, in which the hydrogen is exchangeable, and they may form dipole-dipole interactions or hydrogen bonds with polar molecules.
|
|
Stampfer also mentioned several possible variations of his stroboscopic invention, including a cylinder (similar to the later zoetrope) as well as a long, looped strip of paper or canvas stretched around two parallel rollers (somewhat similar to film) and a theater-like frame (much like the later praxinoscope). In January 1834, William George Horner also suggested a cylindrical variation of Plateau's phénakisticope, but he did not manage to publish a working version. William Ensign Lincoln invented the definitive zoetrope with exchangeable animation strips in 1865 and had it published by Milton Bradley and Co. in December 1866.Herbert, Stephen. (n.
|
|
The value of an offset is in its being held by the purchaser and applies only for the period and purpose against which the offset applies. An emissions reduction currency, by contrast, is purely an incentive for behaviour change by individuals or groups. As such the currency creates an additional economic benefit for emissions reductions separate from the cost imposed by national emissions caps or the voluntary cost assumed by the purchaser of a voluntary offset. Emissions reduction currencies are not exchangeable within national cap and trade systems and as such do not confer any right to pollute.
|
|
This alludes to an introductory principle of value, that "as soon as there is not so much of the thing to be had, as would be appropriated and used if it could be obtained for asking; the ownership or use of the natural agent acquires an exchangeable value." ;II Of Labour as an Agent of Production ;III Of Unproductive Labour ;IV Of Capital Capital, says Mill, is "the accumulated stock of the produce of labour". Though its nature is misunderstood. He gives an example of the consumption of food, as opposed to assets allocated for production.
|
|
They also find a clockwork man named Tik-Tok (one of the first intelligent humanoid automatons in literature), who joins them. Tik-Tok informs Dorothy and Billina that they are in the Land of Ev, which currently has no competent ruler, its king having committed suicide after selling his family to the Nome King. The three visit the castle of Princess Langwidere, who has many exchangeable, detachable heads. When Dorothy refuses to let Langwidere take her head and add it to her collection, Langwidere has a tantrum and locks Dorothy in a high tower within the palace.
|
|
A depositary receipt is a security that is offered as a "tracking stock" on another foreign market. For instance, a Chinese company wishing to raise more money may issue a depository receipt on the New York Stock Exchange, as the amount of capital on the local exchanges is limited. These securities, known as ADRs (American depositary receipt) or GDRs (global depository receipt) depending on where they are issued, are typically considered "foreign" and therefore trade at a lower value when first released. Many ADR's are exchangeable into the original security (known as fungibility) and actually have the same value.
|
|
Over 95% of the Xperia U front is composed of the display portion, and the back is curved slightly for comfort like on the Xperia S and the Xperia P. It has transparent strip with an illuminated light bar at the bottom, which illuminates when the user taps a button, or when viewing pictures or music by picking up the dominant colour in the picture. It has an exchangeable bottom cap below the illuminated strip. The illuminated strip is used on custom ROMs to show notifications since the notification LED of the phone is too dim to be really noticeable.
|
|
"The newcomers took advantage of the land expropriations, and settled in the houses of Muslims. These actions were in accordance with legal provisions applicable to the whole territory of Greece. It is highly probable, therefore, that some Muslims, pressed by the legislation relating to expropriation and the presence of refugees who presented a threat to them, sold their estates and remained landless." There were also government restrictions on the right to lease, sell or cultivate land due to Muslim Chams being classified as "exchangeable" which led to the gradual financial devastation of the Muslim Cham population.Baltsiotis. The Muslim Chams of Northwestern Greece. 2011.
|
|
Disk drives with exchangeable disk packs or disk cartridges generally required the data heads to be aligned to allow packs formatted on one drive to be read and written on another compatible drive. Alignment required a special alignment pack, an oscilloscope, an alignment tool that moved the read/write heads, and patience. The pattern generated on the scope looks like a row of alternating C and E characters on their backs. Head alignment needed to be performed after head replacement, and in any case on a periodic basis as part of the routine maintenance required by the drives.
|
|
4 The notion of the body (but not the mind) being associated with women has served as a justification to deem women as property, objects, and exchangeable commodities (among men). For example, women's bodies have been objectified throughout history through the changing ideologies of fashion, diet, exercise programs, cosmetic surgery, childbearing, etc. This contrasts to men's role as a moral agent, responsible for working or fighting in bloody wars. The race and class of a woman can determine whether her body will be treated as decoration and protected, which is associated with middle or upper-class women's bodies.
|
|
This eliminates the bottleneck caused by standard frame-by-frame image acquisition, and thus facilitates considerably higher image sampling rates. This processing architecture is integrated into a ruggedised, IBM compatible PC, which permits visualisation of the eyes and the corresponding signals. An important design feature is the digital storage of all image sequences from the cameras as digital files on exchangeable hard disk. After completion of each ISS mission, the hard disk containing the recordings is returned to Earth. This ensures comprehensive and reliable image processing analysis in the investigators’ lab and minimises the time required for the experiment on the ISS.
|
|
The NavPix technology enables users to take a JPEG image using the integrated digital camera on the N Series ("N" for NavPix), iCN 720 or iCN 750 portable Navman GPS navigation devices. The Navman's GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver determines the latitude and longitude of where that image was taken. That information is then written into the image's Exif (Exchangeable image file format) meta data by the NavPix software. The NavPix, therefore, effectively provides a Georeference of the location where the image was taken, which is not necessarily the same georeference as the object being "NavPix-ed".
|
|
Mark Pilgrim, eXchangeable Faceted Metadata Language. Controlled vocabularies of the Semantic Web define the concepts and relationships (terms) used to describe a field of interest or area of concern. For instance, to declare a person in a machine-readable format, a vocabulary is needed that has the formal definition of "Person", such as the Friend of a Friend (FOAF) vocabulary, which has a Person class that defines typical properties of a person including, but not limited to, name, honorific prefix, affiliation, email address, and homepage, or the Person vocabulary of Schema.org. Similarly, a book can be described using the Book vocabulary of Schema.
|
|
1997 saw Telecom buy back NZ$1 Billion of its shares. The following year, Ameritech sold down its 24.8% shareholding in an international public offering, and Bell Atlantic issued exchangeable notes that were convertible into the Telecom shares that it owned. Also in 1998, Southern Cross Cables Limited (half owned by Telecom) announced plans to build a fibre-optic cable linking New Zealand with Australia and North America, and Vodafone New Zealand bought BellSouth and started a campaign to attract Telecom customers to its network. In December 1997 Patricia Reddy was appointed to the Telecom board.
|
|
The Exif (Exchangeable image file format) format is a file standard similar to the JFIF format with TIFF extensions; it is incorporated in the JPEG-writing software used in most cameras. Its purpose is to record and to standardize the exchange of images with image metadata between digital cameras and editing and viewing software. The metadata are recorded for individual images and include such things as camera settings, time and date, shutter speed, exposure, image size, compression, name of camera, color information. When images are viewed or edited by image editing software, all of this image information can be displayed.
|
|
In contrast to the Bahnbetriebswerke, that are responsible for routine, everyday tasks, Ausbesserungswerke specialise in major repairs, general inspections and the refurbishment of exchangeable components. In addition they handle the conversion and modernisation of vehicles, as well as the construction of new vehicles in some cases. On top of the maintenance of vehicles, most Ausbesserungswerke also carry out the manufacture of turnouts, the construction of signal gantries, platform roofing and similar steel structures. Depending on the particular specialisation of an individual Ausbesserungswerk it may also be described as a Reisezugwagenwerk (coach works), Güterwagenwerk (goods wagon works) or Weichenwerk (turnout works).
|
|
Most soils contain organic colloidal particles called humus as well as the inorganic colloidal particles of clays. The very high specific surface area of colloids and their net electrical charges give soil its ability to hold and release ions. Negatively charged sites on colloids attract and release cations in what is referred to as cation exchange. Cation-exchange capacity (CEC) is the amount of exchangeable cations per unit weight of dry soil and is expressed in terms of milliequivalents of positively charged ions per 100 grams of soil (or centimoles of positive charge per kilogram of soil; cmolc/kg).
|
|
The Wankdorf Stadion in Berne saw 60,000 people cram inside to watch the final between West Germany and Hungary, a rematch of a first-round game, which Hungary had won 8–3 against the reserves of the German team. The Golden Team of the Hungarians were favourites, as they were unbeaten for a record of 32 consecutive matches, but they had had two tough knockout matches. It started raining on match day – in Germany this was dubbed Fritz-Walter-Wetter ("Fritz Walter's weather") because the West German team captain Fritz Walter was said to play his best in the rain. Adi Dassler had provided shoes with exchangeable studs.
|
|
The Court of Justice of the European Union, seated in Luxembourg City Luxembourg has long been a prominent supporter of European political and economic integration. In 1921, Luxembourg and Belgium formed the Belgium–Luxembourg Economic Union (BLEU) to create a regime of inter-exchangeable currency and a common customs, foreshadowing later efforts at European integration. Luxembourg is a member of the Benelux Economic Union and was one of the founding members of the European Economic Community (now the European Union). It also participates in the Schengen Group (named after the Luxembourg village of Schengen where the agreements were signed), whose goal is the free movement of citizens among member states.
|
|
Hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry can determine the overall deuterium content of molecules which have undergone H/D exchange. Because of the sample preparation required, it is typically considered to provide an accurate measurement of non-exchangeable hydrogen atoms only. It can also involve H/D exchange in the gas phase or solution phase exchange prior to ionization. It has several advantages in NMR spectroscopy with respect to analysis of H–D exchange reactions: much less material is needed, the concentration of sample can be very low (as low as 0.1 uM), the size limit is much greater, and data can usually be collected and interpreted much more quickly.
|
|
United Kingdom pre-decimal banknotes are no longer legal tender, but are exchangeable for their face value (regardless of the possible greater worth if sold or auctioned) if they are taken directly (or posted) to the Bank of England. The last £sd coins to cease being legal tender in the UK after Decimal Day were the sixpence (withdrawn 1980), the shilling (withdrawn 1991) and the florin (withdrawn 1993). Commemorative crowns minted post decimalisation (worth either 25p or £5) are still legal tender, but are rarely, if ever, spent. In Australia, as of 2018, pre-decimal coins can still be found in circulation occasionally as 5, 10 and 20-cent coins.
|
|
The Botanical Garden of Mérida is located on the southeast side of the mountains of the Sierra Nevada de Mérida, in a hilly region where the relief varies between areas with steep slopes, areas with a gentle slope and a plateau of about three hectares. The botanical garden elevation hovers around 1,800 meters above sea level and average annual rainfall is 1400 mm. The soil is gray and acidic. It has a low content of organic matter but it is high in exchangeable aluminum, influenced by alluvial contributions from a creek that runs through the park and colluvial deposition from the upper parts of the páramo.
|
|
The concept was first put into practice by Hartford Electric Light Company through the GeVeCo battery service and initially available for electric trucks. The vehicle owner purchased the vehicle from General Vehicle Company (GVC, a subsidiary of the General Electric Company) without a battery and the electricity was purchased from Hartford Electric through an exchangeable battery. The owner paid a variable per-mile charge and a monthly service fee to cover maintenance and storage of the truck. Both vehicles and batteries were modified to facilitate a fast battery exchange. The service was provided between 1910 and 1924 and during that period covered more than 6 million miles.
|
|
A pair of Intacs after insertion into the cornea A possible surgical alternative to corneal transplant is the insertion of intrastromal corneal ring segments. A small incision is made in the periphery of the cornea and two thin arcs of polymethyl methacrylate are slid between the layers of the stroma on either side of the pupil before the incision is closed by a suture. The segments push out against the curvature of the cornea, flattening the peak of the cone and returning it to a more natural shape. The procedure offers the benefit of being reversible and even potentially exchangeable as it involves no removal of eye tissue.
|
|
The test marketing program was a success, so regular production with Leitz camera bodies and lenses was introduced on the Leica II, and featured on the Leica Standard and Leica III. Until the 1970s the 39 mm mount was the norm for exchangeable lenses in rangefinder cameras. The high cost of quality lenses led to the dual use camera/enlarger of the lenses, hence the fact that enlargers also accept 39 mm lenses. Detail of the mounting of a Leica IIIf Currently, Cosina in Japan — many of whose recent products are marketed under the Voigtländer brand — and FED in Ukraine continue to produce camera bodies using a true Leica thread-mount.
|
|
Virtual money (or in-game currency) is used to purchase virtual goods within a variety of online communities, which include social networking websites, virtual worlds and online gaming sites. A key revenue driver within social media, virtual currencies are specific within each game and are used to purchase in-game goods. Characters or avatars in virtual worlds own things within the context of the virtual world and users will collect each games' virtual currency to purchase land, supplies and various items used to enhance their status and add points. Some virtual currencies are time-based, relying upon measurement of in-game achievements in order to accrue exchangeable points.
|
|
The isotopic compositions of biomolecules preserved in the sedimentary record can be used as a proxy for paleoenvironment reconstructions. Since water is the primary hydrogen source for photoautotrophs, the hydrogen isotope composition of their biomass can be related to the composition of their growth water and thereby used to gain insight into some properties of ancient environments. Studying hydrogen isotopes can be very valuable, as hydrogen is more directly related to climate than other relevant stable isotope systems. However, hydrogen atoms bonded to oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atoms are exchangeable with environmental hydrogen, which makes this system less straightforward [ref to earlier H exchange section].
|
|
The earliest date was in Germany, where the mark officially ceased to be legal tender on 31 December 2001, though the exchange period lasted for two months more. Even after the old currencies ceased to be legal tender, they continued to be accepted by national central banks for periods ranging from several years to indefinitely (the latter for Austria, Germany, Ireland, Estonia and Latvia in banknotes and coins, and for Belgium, Luxembourg, Slovenia and Slovakia in banknotes only). The earliest coins to become non-convertible were the Portuguese escudos, which ceased to have monetary value after 31 December 2002, although banknotes remain exchangeable until 2022.
|
|
A heuristic analogy with the statistical mechanics of an ideal gas leads them to the hypothesis that this equilibrium distribution should be a gamma distribution. Finally, there are Marxist scholars (e.g., Anwar Shaikh, Fred Moseley, Alan Freeman, Makoto Itoh, Gerard Dumenil and Dominique Levy, and Duncan Foley) who hold that there exists no incontestable logical procedure by which to derive price magnitudes from value magnitudes, but still think that it has no lethal consequences on his system as a whole. In a few very special cases, Marx's idea of labour as the "substance" of (exchangeable) value would not be openly at odds with the facts of market competitive equilibrium.
|
|
The IRC was introduced in 1906 at a Universal Postal Union congress in Rome. At the time an IRC could be exchanged for a single-rate, ordinary postage stamp for surface delivery to a foreign country, as this was before the introduction of airmail services. An IRC is exchangeable in a UPU member country for the minimum postage of a priority or unregistered airmail letter to a foreign country. The current IRC, which features the theme "the Post and sustainable development", was designed by Vietnamese artist Nguyen Du for 2017-2021 and was adopted in Istanbul in 2016, it is known also as the "Istanbul model" for this reason.
|
|
Firms would be forced to compete over workers just as workers compete over firms, raising wages."Under the mutual system, each individual will receive the just and exact pay for his work; services equivalent in cost being exchangeable for services equivalent in cost, without profit or discount; and so much as the individual laborer will then get over and above what he has earned will come to him as his share in the general prosperity of the community of which he is an individual member." From "Communism versus Mutualism", Socialistic, Communistic, Mutualistic and Financial Fragments. (Boston: Lee & Shepard, 1875) by William Batchelder Greene Some see mutualism as between individualist and collectivist anarchism.
|
|
Eurazeo Co- Investment Partners was created and Fraikin Group was sold to CVC Capital Partners.Eurazeo : Annonce la cession de Fraikin Groupe, Zone Bourse, 7 December 2006 In 2009, Eurazeo sold its Danone shares through the issuance of bonds exchangeable for shares.Eurazeo a placé 610 millions d'euros d'ORA Danone, Challenges, 25 May 2009 In 2010, Eurazeo acquired Fonroche Énergie, and sold B&B; Hotels to Carlyle.Eurazeo cède les hôtels B&B; au fonds Carlyle, la Tribune, 28 September 2010. Through the acquisition of OFI Private Equity CapitalEurazeo rachète OFI Private Equity pour 132 millions d'euros, Challenges, 26 April 2011, Eurazeo created the “Eurazeo PME” division which took over the companies initially controlled by OFI Private Equity Capital.
|
|
In Scotland, the Bank of Scotland, Clydesdale Bank, and the Royal Bank of Scotland, and in Northern Ireland, the Bank of Ireland, Danske Bank, First Trust Bank, and Ulster Bank, are authorised by Parliament to issue Pound sterling bank notes. They are subject to central bank (the Bank of England) regulations concerning "ring-fenced backing assets" and are backed in part by deposits at the Bank of England. They are exchangeable with other pound notes on a one-to-one basis, and circulate freely within the United Kingdom, though not legal tender, not even in Scotland and Northern Ireland. In fact, technically, no banknote (including Bank of England notes) qualifies as legal tender in Scotland or Northern Ireland.
|
|
It is relative to labor as explained by Adam Smith: > The value of any commodity, [...] to the person who possesses it, and who > means not to use or consume it himself, but to exchange it for other > commodities, is equal to the quantity of labour which it enables him to > purchase or command. Labour, therefore, is the real measure of the > exchangeable value of all commodities (Wealth of Nations Book 1, chapter V). Value (without qualification) is the labor embodied in a commodity under a given structure of production. Marx defined the value of the commodity by this third definition. In his terms, value is the 'socially necessary abstract labor' embodied in a commodity.
|
|
The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg has long been a prominent supporter of European political and economic integration. In 1921, Luxembourg and Belgium formed the Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union (BLEU) to create an inter-exchangeable currency and a common customs regime. Post-war, Luxembourg became a founding member state of the United Nations, and dropped its policy of neutrality to become a founding member state of NATO. Luxembourg expanded its support for European integration, becoming a founding member state of the Benelux Economic Union (today's Benelux Union), and one of the "inner six" founding member states of the three European Communities; the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), and the European Economic Community (EEC).
|
|
Dresden Gltrhs These large volume, covered goods wagons can be distinguished from the A9 DSV wagon version by their different roof shape, trapezoidal strut frame and diagonal braces on the wagon body in the section next to the door. They were built in rivetted and, later, in welded form in various configurations: with end doors on one or both ends and sometimes with exchangeable wheelsets and/or steam heating pipes. The Gl wagons were often used in Leig-Einheit pairs for the transportation of express, part-load goods. From 1933 onwards, 650 Dresden class wagons were built, still in rivetted form, with an axle base increased from 7,000 mm to 7,700 mm.
|
|
This genericity mechanism should not be confused with inclusion polymorphism, which is the algorithmic usage of exchangeable sub-classes: for instance, a list of objects of type `Moving_Object` containing objects of type `Animal` and `Car`. Templates can also be used for type-independent functions as in the `Swap` example below: // "&" passes parameters by reference template void Swap(T& a, T& b) { T temp = b; b = a; a = temp; } std::string hello = "World!"; std::string world = "Hello, "; Swap(world, hello); std::cout << hello << world << std::endl; // Output is "Hello, World!". The C++ `template` construct used above is widely cited as the genericity construct that popularized the notion among programmers and language designers and supports many generic programming idioms.
|
|
Probably the most important contributions are the monograph by Stein (1986), where he presents his view of the method and the concept of auxiliary randomisation, in particular using exchangeable pairs, and the articles by Barbour (1988) and Götze (1991), who introduced the so-called generator interpretation, which made it possible to easily adapt the method to many other probability distributions. An important contribution was also an article by Bolthausen (1984) on the so-called combinatorial central limit theorem. In the 1990s the method was adapted to a variety of distributions, such as Gaussian processes by Barbour (1990), the binomial distribution by Ehm (1991), Poisson processes by Barbour and Brown (1992), the Gamma distribution by Luk (1994), and many others.
|
|
The relative abundance of gold in the Philippines then came to an end with the adoption of the gold standard in most of Europe after 1871 and the subsequent climb in the international gold/silver ratio above 16. It was further aggravated by an 1876 decree confirming the Mexican peso as legal tender in the Philippines and exchangeable with the gold onza for 16 pesos. The climb in the gold onza's overseas value above 16 pesos soon made importing Mexican dollars in exchange for gold coins a profitable venture. While the Governor General attempted in 1877 to stem the outflow of gold by limiting the legal tender status of Mexican silver, by 1884 gold coin had entirely disappeared.
|
|
On 1 August 2012, France introduced a financial transaction tax in French tax regulation pursuant to Article 5 of the French Amended Finance Bill of 14 March 2012. Two other taxes applicable to financial transactions were also introduced, including a tax on high-frequency trading, (Article 235 ter ZD bis of the FTC); and a tax on naked sovereign credit default swaps (Article 235 ter ZD ter of the FTC). The FTT levies a 0.2% tax on stock purchases of French publicly traded companies with a market value over €1 billion. The scheme does not include debt securities, except convertible and exchangeable bonds, which are included but benefit from a dedicated exemption to the FTT.
|
|
Between 1845 and 1939, Singapore used the Straits dollar. This was replaced by the Malayan dollar, and, from 1953, the Malaya and British Borneo dollar, which were issued by the Board of Commissioners of Currency, Malaya and British Borneo. Singapore continued to use the common currency upon joining Malaysia in 1963, but only two years after Singapore's expulsion and independence from Malaysia in 1965, the monetary union between Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei broke down. Singapore established the Board of Commissioners of Currency, Singapore, on 7 April 1967 and issued its first coins and notes. Nevertheless, the Singapore dollar was exchangeable at par with the Malaysian ringgit until 1973, and interchangeability with the Brunei dollar is still maintained.
|
|
The dip pen has certain advantages over a fountain pen. It can use waterproof, pigmented, particle-and-binder-based inks, such as India ink, drawing ink, and acrylic inks—each of which would destroy a fountain pen by clogging it—and the traditional iron gall ink, which can corrode fountain pens. Dip pens are also more sensitive to variations of pressure and speed, producing a line that naturally varies in thickness; and they can also produce a finer line than any fountain pen.The Best Nib and Nib Holder Combinations by Miriam on Jet Pens, March 12, 2019 There is a wide range of exchangeable nibs for dip pens, so different types of lines and effects can be created.
|
|
While the only BA II mechanical change was the addition of Sports Control Blade rear-suspension tune for the base Ghia and top-shelf LTD, a DVD rear entertainment system became standard for the LTD, exchangeable for a sunroof. An interior upgrade that would be carried over in its entirety to the subsequent BF range was the change from black to brushed silver instrument dials and dash clock, and the silver shifter surround, centre cup holder, and ICC fascia became "piano black" with the ICC buttons changed accordingly from black to silver. Chrome door handles, vent tips, and door lock barrels were also added. The original woodgrain trim was retained until the BF.
|
|
Each U-statistic f_n(x_1,\ldots, x_n) is necessarily a symmetric function. U-statistics are very natural in statistical work, particularly in Hoeffding's context of independent and identically-distributed random variables, or more generally for exchangeable sequences, such as in simple random sampling from a finite population, where the defining property is termed 'inheritance on the average'. Fisher's k-statistics and Tukey's polykays are examples of homogeneous polynomial U-statistics (Fisher, 1929; Tukey, 1950). For a simple random sample φ of size n taken from a population of size N, the U-statistic has the property that the average over sample values ƒn(xφ) is exactly equal to the population value ƒN(x).
|
|
New coin and bill designs were selected through competitions among graphic designers.. Beginning with the IS 500 issue, the size of the notes was standardized () and the denominations differentiated by color and design. A transparent part was added to discourage counterfeiting and elements for the blind were added. The new Israeli shekel replaced the shekel following its hyperinflation and the enactment of the economic stabilization plan of 1985 which brought inflation under control. It became the currency of Israel on 4 September 1985, removing three zeros from the old notes.. The old shekel is no longer in circulation, has been demonetized, and is not exchangeable to current legal tender by the Bank of Israel.
|
|
A page from a ready reckoner published in 1854 allowing at-a-glance conversion between Jersey currency and three other currencies in use at the time The livre was the currency of Jersey until 1834. It consisted of French coins which, in the early 19th century, were exchangeable for sterling at a rate of 26 livres = 1 pound. After the livre was replaced by the franc in France in 1795, the supply of coins in Jersey dwindled leading to difficulties in trade and payment. In 1834, an Order in Council adopted the pound sterling as Jersey's sole official legal tender, although French copper coins continued to circulate alongside British silver coins, with 26 sous equal to the shilling.
|
|
In 1978, around the time the Pyneboard factory shifted to Mount Gambier, six randomly selected SFX flat wagons were recoded to FPX and renumbered 101 to 106. Bau notes that the major change was the fitting of a lashing bar, in addition to the lashing rings, along the wagon side frames, while Vincent writes that the lashing rail was only fitted on one side, and the other side had webbing winches fitted. The latter view is supported by McGrath's photo of VFMX 110 circa 1908. Vincent further mentions that the new origin required gauge-exchangeable bogies, but as the whole route was still broad gauge at the time it is not clear why.
|
|
He proposed a global bank that would issue its currency – the bancor – which was exchangeable with national currencies at fixed rates of exchange and would become the unit of account between nations, which means it would be used to measure a country's trade deficit or trade surplus. Every country would have an overdraft facility in its bancor account at the International Clearing Union. He pointed out that surpluses lead to weak global aggregate demand – countries running surpluses exert a "negative externality" on trading partners, and posed, far more than those in deficit, a threat to global prosperity. In his 1933 Yale Review article "National Self-Sufficiency," he already highlighted the problems created by free trade.
|
|
The oxidation state of the metal is shown as superscripted Roman numerals, whereas the charge of the entire complex is shown by the angle symbol together with the magnitude and sign of the net charge. Monatomic ions are sometimes also denoted with Roman numerals, particularly in spectroscopy; for example, the example seen above is occasionally referred to as Fe() or Fe, where the Roman numeral is the neutral state, and all ionizations are one numeral greater than the standard number. The Roman numeral designates the formal oxidation state of an element, whereas the superscripted Indo-Arabic numerals denote the net charge. The two notations are, therefore, exchangeable for monatomic ions, but the Roman numerals cannot be applied to polyatomic ions.
|
|
The denomination effect is a form of cognitive bias relating to currency, suggesting people may be less likely to spend larger currency denominations than their equivalent value in smaller denominations. It was proposed by Priya Raghubir, professor at the New York University Stern School of Business, and Joydeep Srivastava, professor at University of Maryland, in their 2009 paper "Denomination Effect". Raghubir and Srivastava conducted three studies in their research on the denomination effect; their findings suggested people may be more likely to spend money represented by smaller denominations and that consumers may prefer to receive money in a large denomination when there is a need to control spending. The denomination effect can occur when large denominations are perceived as less exchangeable than smaller denominations.
|
|
Recent findings with apoA1 and apoE suggest that the tertiary structures of these two members of the human exchangeable apolipoprotein gene family are related. The three-dimensional structure of the LDL receptor-binding domain of apoE indicates that the protein forms an unusually elongated four-helix bundle that may be stabilised by a tightly packed hydrophobic core that includes leucine zipper-type interactions and by numerous salt bridges on the mostly charged surface. Basic amino acids important for LDL receptor binding are clustered into a surface patch on one long helix. Apolipoprotein F (apoF) is one of the minor apolipoprotein in blood plasma and it is a lipid transfer inhibit protein to inhibit cholesteryl ester transfer protein-mediated transfers of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides.
|
|
A characteristic of most digital cameras (but excluding those using the Foveon X3 sensor or similar, hence especially Sigma cameras) is that they use a color filter array (CFA). Software processing a raw image format for such a camera needs information about the configuration of the color filter array, so that the raw image can identify separate data from the individual sites of the sensor. Ideally this information is held within the raw image file itself, and TIFF/EP uses the tags that begin "CFA", CFARepeatPatternDim and CFAPattern, which are only relevant for raw images. This standard has not been adopted by most camera manufacturers – Exif/DCF is the current industry standard file organisation system which uses the Exchangeable image file format.
|
|
In November 1967, five months after the introduction of the Malaysian dollar, the pound was devalued by 14.3%, leading to a collapse in confidence for the sterling area and its demise in 1972. The new currency was not affected but earlier notes of the Malaya and British Borneo dollar were still pegged at 8.57 dollars per 1 pound; consequently these notes were reduced in value to 85 cents per dollar. Despite the emergence of new currencies in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei, the Interchangeability Agreement which the three countries adhered to as original members of the currency union meant the Malaysian dollar was exchangeable at par with the Singapore dollar and Brunei dollar. This ended on 8 May 1973, when the Malaysian government withdrew from the agreement.
|
|
If a soil has a CEC of 20 meq and 5 meq are aluminium and hydrogen cations (acid- forming), the remainder of positions on the colloids (20-5 = 15 meq) are assumed occupied by base-forming cations, so that the base saturation is 15/20 x 100% = 75% (the compliment 25% is assumed acid-forming cations or protons). Base saturation is almost in direct proportion to pH (it increases with increasing pH). It is of use in calculating the amount of lime needed to neutralise an acid soil (lime requirement). The amount of lime needed to neutralize a soil must take account of the amount of acid forming ions on the colloids (exchangeable acidity), not just those in the soil water solution (free acidity).
|
|
File:Gamelan gender Wayang ensemble accompanying Balinese Wayang puppetry.wav Like other Balinese gamelan, gender wayang are only approximately standardized in relative pitch, though instruments of each group are precisely tuned with masterful pitch pairing and register stretching. Absolute pitch varies according to the bronzesmith's preference. As a result, individual instruments are rarely exchangeable with those from any group other than its original. One instrument in the each pitch register, pengisup (sucker), are tuned a hair higher than their mates, pengumbang (waver); due to our logarithmically scaled sense of hearing, the lowest notes need to be paired further apart in absolute pitches than the highest to achieve the same, ideal rate of “shimmer” at unison. Further, octave intervals are stretched to be slightly more than double the hertz to achieve a similar “shimmer” at octaves.
|
|
A swap body, swop body, exchangeable container or interchangeable unit, is one of the types of standard freight containers for road and rail transport. Based on and very similar to the more widespread shipping containers (ISO containers), swap bodies normally have the same external dimensions for the bottom corner fittings as ISO shipping containers so that they can be placed on the same kinds of trucks, trailers and railroad cars designed for shipping containers. However, ISO containers inner dimensions (2.33 m wide) are just a few centimetres too short to accommodate European-pool pallets () without leaving much empty space. To optimise the carriage of pallets, wide bodies are often scaled to the maximum width allowed for standard road trucks and railroad cars and to a different length without leaving empty space.
|
|
A modern safety razor with an exchangeable cartridge Exploiting the same razor and blades business model as pioneered in the early 20th century, cartridge razors were developed in the 1960s and are now the most common form of shaving in developed countries. Although designed to have a more ergonomic shape at both the handle and head (including commonly a pivoted head which keeps the blades angled to the skin at a pre determined angle through the shaving motion) the concept is very similar to that of the double edge razor. However, here the entire head assembly (known as a cartridge) is removed and disposed of, not just the blade. Also, it is common for these cartridge heads to have multiple razor blades set into them, commonly between two and five blades.
|
|
Among the propositions formulated at the conference was the proposal that central banks make a partial return to the gold standard, which had been dropped to print money to pay for the war. Central banks wanted a return to a gold-based economy to ease international trade and facilitating economic stability, but they wanted a gold standard that "conserved" gold stocks, with the gold remaining in the vaults and day-to-day transactions being conducted with representative paper notes. The partial return to the gold standard was done by permitting central banks to keep part of their reserves in currencies, which were themselves directly exchangeable for gold coins. However, citizens would not receive gold coins of the realm in exchange for their notes, unlike the prewar gold standard.
|
|
Mycofactocin is thought to play a role in redox pathways involving nicotinoproteins, enzymes with non-exchangeable bound nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) . This notion comes largely from comparative genomics work that highlighted the many parallels between mycofactocin and pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). In both cases, maturation of the RiPP requires post-translational modification of a precursor peptide by a radical SAM enzyme, the system appears in very similar form in large numbers of species, the product appears to be used within the cell rather than exported, and several families of enzymes occur exclusively in bacteria with those systems. The number of putatively mycofactocin- dependent oxidoreductases encoded by a single genome can be quite large: at least 19 for Rhodococcus jostii RHA1, and 26 for the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) family alone in Mycobacterium avium.
|
|
Also, different on the P2000 series was a lack of modularity, in the fact that no longer was the base pistol capable of being converted between DA/SA and LEM (it can be done, but not approved by HK). With different frames, you are either left with the choice of one or the other. Along the contouring line also came and update to the grips, with a new side grip design that carried over to the MP7 production and a removable and exchangeable rear grip panel, allowing the shooter to customize the grip size to one of four sizes. With this customization also came the recognition of a requirement for ambidextrous use, and the incorporation of a slide release now mounted on the right side of the weapon.
|
|
First, the transfer of an electron from BPh− to P960+ is relatively slow compared to two other redox reactions in the reaction center. The faster reactions involve the transfer of an electron from BPh− (BPh− is oxidised to BPh) to the electron acceptor quinone (QA), and the transfer of an electron to P960+ (P960+ is reduced to P960) from a heme in the cytochrome subunit above the reaction center. The high-energy electron that resides on the tightly bound quinone molecule QA is transferred to an exchangeable quinone molecule QB. This molecule is loosely associated with the protein and is fairly easy to detach. Two of the high-energy electrons are required to fully reduce QB to QH2, taking up two protons from the cytoplasm in the process.
|
|
In December 2010, Uralkali announced plans to buy another Russian potash producer Silvinit; together they would form one of the world's largest potash producers. The merger was finalized in June 2011, with the combined Uralkali accounting for about 20% of the world's potash production.Uralkali About us On 9 November 2012, Chengdong Investment Corp., a unit of the sovereign wealth fund China Investment Corporation, bought bonds from the shareholders with maturation in 2014 which were exchangeable into a stake in Uralkali. Chengdong would be able to convert its investment into a 12.5 percent stake in Uralkali’s ordinary shares.China Fund, VTB Capital Invest in Kerimov’s Uralkali, Bloomberg (November 9, 2012) In September 2013, the bonds were converted and CIC thus acquired a 12.5% stake in the firm, rumoured to be worth around $2 billion.
|
|
All three subunits of the RecBCD enzyme are essential for physiological activities of the enzyme in the Antarctic Pseudomonas syringae, namely, repairing of DNA damage and supporting the growth at low temperature. The RecBCD enzymes are exchangeable between the psychrophilic P. syringae and the mesophilic E. coli when provided with the entire protein complex from same species. However, the RecBC proteins (RecBCPs and RecBCEc) of the two bacteria are not equivalent; the RecBCEc is proficient in DNA recombination and repair, and supports the growth of P. syringae at low temperature, while RecBCPs is insufficient for these functions. Finally, both helicase and nuclease activity of the RecBCDPs are although important for DNA repair and growth of P. syringae at low temperature, the RecB-nuclease activity is not essential in vivo.
|
|
The regional Protestant church bodies accept each other as equals, despite denominational differences. No member church runs congregations or churches in the area of another member church, thus preventing competing with each other for parishioners. The only exception is the Evangelical Reformed Church, which combines Reformed congregations within the ambits of usually Lutheran member churches, which themselves do not include the eventual local Reformed congregations. Thus, for example, a Lutheran moving from a place where their parish belongs to a Lutheran member church, would be accepted in their new place of domicile by the locally competent congregation within another member church, even if this church and its local parish are Reformed or of united Protestant confession, with Lutheran being exchangeable with the two other respective Protestant confessions within the EKD.
|
|
The conquest of most of western Europe by Revolutionary and Napoleonic France led to the franc's wide circulation. Following independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the new Kingdom of Belgium in 1832 adopted its own Belgian franc, equivalent to the French one, followed by Luxembourg adopting the Luxembourgish franc in 1848 and Switzerland in 1850. Newly unified Italy adopted the lira on a similar basis in 1862. In 1865, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy created the Latin Monetary Union (to be joined by Spain and Greece in 1868): each would possess a national currency unit (franc, lira, peseta, drachma) worth 4.5 g of silver or of gold (fine), all freely exchangeable at a rate of 1:1. In the 1870s the gold value was made the fixed standard, a situation which was to continue until 1914.
|
|
However, as the soldiers begin to fall in love with enemy soldiers instead of fighting them, peace is finally established. The women end their strike (not to the delight of all men) and it is hinted that in the future, homosexual and heterosexual relationships will be regarded as relatively exchangeable. While the film is primarily a bawdy comedy (even more so than the Greek play), it also contains interesting tidbits of historic truth, such as a relatively accurate life-size replica of the Pallas Athene statue by Phidias in the Parthenon. The scene in which one soldier is about to kill an enemy fighter, but is moved by his beauty so much that he spares him and arranges a tête-à- tête with him after the battle, can be seen as being based on the legend of Achilles and Troilus, son of Priam.
|
|
Since this probability is so small, if it happens, it may well be that the coin is somehow biased towards landing on heads, or that it is being controlled by hidden magnets, or similar. In this case, the smart bet is "heads" because Bayesian inference from the empirical evidence — 21 heads in a row — suggests that the coin is likely to be biased toward heads. Bayesian inference can be used to show that when the long-run proportion of different outcomes is unknown but exchangeable (meaning that the random process from which the outcomes are generated may be biased but is equally likely to be biased in any direction) and that previous observations demonstrate the likely direction of the bias, the outcome which has occurred the most in the observed data is the most likely to occur again.O'Neill, B.; Puza, B.D. (2004).
|
|
Like the ENIAC, EDVAC, and other early computers, FLAC's basic electronic element was the vacuum tube, but it also used crystal diodes for gating. The complete system comprised 1,050 vacuum tubes of 5 different types and 18,000 crystal diodes, but the computer proper used only 420 6AN5 tubes and 15,000 diodes. FLAC's electronic components were built into 7 different kinds of exchangeable plug-in units which could be inserted or removed into 6 separate cabinets (excluding those for power and air conditioning), permitting faulty units to be replaced quickly to restore the machine to functionality following, for example, the burn-out of a vacuum tube. FLAC consumed 7.5 kW of power (plus another 7.5 kW for the air conditioning needed to cool the computer) and occupied of space over 65 square feet (plus an additional over for air conditioning).
|
|
In 1996, WWDC'96's primary emphasis was a new software component technology called OpenDoc, which allowed end users to compile an application from components offering features they desired most. The OpenDoc consortium included Adobe, Lotus, others, and Apple. Apple touted OpenDoc as the future foundation for application structure under Mac OS. As proof of concept, Apple demonstrated a new end-user product called Cyberdog, a comprehensive Internet application component suite offering users an integrated browser, email, FTP, telnet, finger and other services built fully of user-exchangeable OpenDoc components. ClarisWorks (later renamed AppleWorks), a principal product in Apple's wholly owned subsidiary Claris Corporation, was demonstrated as an example of a pre-OpenDoc component architecture application modified to be able to contain functional OpenDoc components. In 1997, WWDC marked the return of Steve Jobs as a consultant.
|
|
The conversion rate between copper-alloy cash notes (錢鈔) and silver tael notes (官票) was 2 cash notes to 1 silver note, these banknotes exchangeable into copper cash coins and silver, but only in certain institutions in Beijing under the Ministry of Revenue. The term Chaopiao (鈔票) was first used exclusively for paper notes issued by the imperial government, but later on was also used to refer to privately produced paper notes issued by private market banks and merchant companies. These banknotes were all introduced in the year 1854 and during the first few months after they were minted they started being distributed in the form of salary for both government officials and the military, however the imperial government itself did not accept them as a method of payment including for taxation, likewise many provincial governments also refused to accept the new paper currency.
|
|
In the event, though, the plans were rejected, in part because "American opinion was naturally reluctant to accept the principle of equality of treatment so novel in debtor-creditor relationships". The new system is not founded on free-trade (liberalisation of foreign trade) but rather on the regulation of international trade, in order to eliminate trade imbalances: the nations with a surplus would have a powerful incentive to get rid of it, and in doing so they would automatically clear other nations deficits. He proposed a global bank that would issue its own currency – the bancor – which was exchangeable with national currencies at fixed rates of exchange and would become the unit of account between nations, which means it would be used to measure a country's trade deficit or trade surplus. Every country would have an overdraft facility in its bancor account at the International Clearing Union.
|
|
The intention behind the slogan is not to promote prostitution as opponents may be leading the Pakistani public to wrongly believe. Najeeb contends that since religions acknowledge objective truths and women are humans, as humans they are supposed to have full bodily autonomy over their bodies, so religiously speaking there is nothing wrong in this expectation. Najeeb asserts that slogan is a declaration of women's independence which is being suppressed by notions of being somebody else's honor or exchangeable commodity or a piece of flesh. Najeeb also asserts that the slogan is about just expectations of women's freedom to save their bodies from unwanted glances or touching, to choose a life partner who respects her bodily autonomy or not to have a partner at all, the freedom to seek health-related support without making social taboo about nature of ailment and not feeling burdened for enjoying freedom in public spaces.
|
|
There was also a new palette with exchangeable swatches, loadable from all kinds of palette files. A slicing tool for web and user interface design was also included. A C++ code module output for inline image generation was added, as was a constrained recolor brush. The concept of a "fully anti-aliased work-flow" was introduced in version 2.62, in which all drawing and selection tools were anti-aliased by default. Support for Photoshop plug-ins using Adobe's 8bf format was added in version 2.66, allowing users to utilize thousands of free plug-ins available online. Equivalents for the Pantone palettes (PMS 100 to 814-2x) were added, and the "Just-in-Time" memory compressor significantly reduced the editor's memory requirements. ; First freeware release Chasys Draw IES went freeware on 6 June 2009. With the coming of the freeware IES, two blending modes (Hue and Chroma) were added.
|
|
Ultimately, Mann and his colleague's mission is to convey that, while individual health has been much of the focus for medical and other health provision services, especially concerning physical illness and disability, public health's focus has more so evolved around how people can be healthy. According to this surprisingly simple definition, public health's mission is to promote positive health and prevention of health problems – disease, disability, premature death. That is, the traditional sense of individual health as understood and processed by health care services is "one essential condition for health", but does is not the sole qualifier or an exchangeable term with "health". In other words, health care services are not sufficient for health, as public health practitioners understand it – there are external factors that have both nuanced as well as pronounced positive and negative impact on health and well- being of the global human population.
|
|
MMT synthesizes ideas from the State Theory of Money of Georg Friedrich Knapp (also known as chartalism) and Credit Theory of Money of Alfred Mitchell-Innes, the functional finance proposals of Abba Lerner, Hyman Minsky's views on the banking systemMinsky, Hyman: Stabilizing an Unstable Economy, McGraw-Hill, 2008, and Wynne Godley's Sectoral balances approach. Knapp, writing in 1905, argued that "money is a creature of law" rather than a commodity. Knapp contrasted his state theory of money with the Gold Standard view of "metallism", where the value of a unit of currency depends on the quantity of precious metal it contains or for which it may be exchanged. He argued that the state can create pure paper money and make it exchangeable by recognizing it as legal tender, with the criterion for the money of a state being "that which is accepted at the public pay offices".
|
|
Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit had to call the renowned economist Kemal Derviş to tidy up the economy and especially the weak banking system so that a similar economic crisis would not happen again. At present, the Turkish banking sector is among the strongest and most expansive in East Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia. During the past decade since 2001, the Turkish lira has also gained a considerable amount of value and maintained its stability, becoming an internationally exchangeable currency once again (in line with the inflation that dropped to single-digit figures since 2003.) The economy grew at an average rate of 7.8% between 2002 and 2005. Fiscal deficit is benefiting (though in a small amount) from large industrial privatizations. Banking came under stress beginning in October 2008 as Turkish banking authorities warned state-run banks against the pullback of loans from the larger financial sectors.
|
|
The first of these was to use money deposited into accounts at the bank to finance loans, however this soon became a problem as the deposits were usually short-term and the loans long-term, meaning that deposited money was unavailable to be withdrawn by account holders. Palmstruch's second innovation, and his solution to this problem, was the introduction in 1661 of credit paper (Kreditivsedlar), the first European banknotes, which would be exchangeable at any time for the gold and silver coins they were replacing.See Palmstruchska banken, Kreditsedel 10 daler silvermynt, 17 april 1666, alvin- record:47808 for a description and an image of such a banknote with Palmstruch's own signature These were very successful, but the bank began lending more than it could afford and printed too many banknotes without the necessary collateral, leading to the bank's collapse in 1668. This led to the founding of the Sveriges Riksbank.
|
|
Gleig was born in Stirling, Scotland. His parents were George Gleig (1753-1840, Bishop of Brechin from October 1808) and Janet, née Hamilton, youngest daughter of Robert Hamilton of Kilbrackmont. Gleig received his initial education at Stirling Grammar school. On 21 June 1813, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington had his last major victory in Spain over the French, at the battle of Vitoria. One month later a young student of divinity, George Robert Gleig, gave up a scholarship to Balliol College to join Wellington's army as an Ensign in the 85th Light Infantry. His father, by then Bishop of Brechin, furnished him with £20, a substantial sum, though he notes that the rate at which he could buy readily exchangeable gold coins was poor — he had to pay 6s for every gold dollar, and £5 for a doubloon. On 7 October, Wellington crossed into France for the first time. On 6 April 1814, Napoleon abdicated, though Wellington did not find out until 12 April.
|
|
In 1963 confusion among staff was becoming a problem, with regards to which wagons were gauge-exchangeable and which were not. In response to this the code letter "X" was introduced to indicate vehicles so suited. Plans were made to apply this to the VF class (i.e. as VX), although the program was cancelled while the first, VF 29, was still in the workshops being prepared. However, a group of about 20 VP vans were placed permanently on the standard gauge for trains running between Melbourne and Sydney, usually attached to trains like the Spirit of Progress and the Intercapital Daylight. For example, in 1973 it was expected that the VP van was to trail the locomotive on the Melbourne 8:40pm departure of the Intercapital Daylight, all days except Sunday and Monday.Victorian Railways Working Time-Table for the North-Eastern District, dated Sunday 25 November 1973, page 49 This group is known to have included 100, 104, 107, 108, 110-112, 126-127, 130, 134, 137, 140-141 and 146.Bray & Vincent, Bogie Freight Wagons of Victoria 1979 to 1999, 2006, , p.
|
|
The justification was that the Bahncard discount was now valid on top of the new saver fares (called Plan-und-Spar) that offered discounts of up to 40% on the standard fares but were only available under certain conditions (non-exchangeable; booking more than 3 days in advance; return journey required; "weekeend rule"; limited number of seats). This reform proved highly unpopular with customers. After passenger protests and declining passenger numbers, the pricing model was modified again in August 2003. The original 50% discount Bahncard was reintroduced alongside the 25% Bahncard, however its price was increased from €120 to €200. On 14 December 2003 the City ticket (see below) was launched in 44 cities in cooperation with the Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen (Union of German Transport Operators), Deutsche Bahn, and the individual local transport companies. On 12 December 2004, another 13 cities joined the scheme; on 11 December 2005 (coinciding with the new DB timetable) another 19, on 1 April 2007 another 16, and on 10 December 2007 yet 7 more.
|
|
These two lowest denominations were replaced by coins after the War. Atatürk reappeared on a subsequent series of notes in the early 1950s. The 2½ Turkish lira notes were replaced by coins in 1960, with the same happening to the 5 and 10 Turkish lira notes in 1974 and 1981. Higher denomination notes were introduced during the 1980s and 90s: 5000 Turkish lira in 1981, 10,000 Turkish lira in 1982, 20,000 Turkish lira in 1988, 50,000 Turkish lira in 1989, 100,000 Turkish lira in 1991, 250,000 Turkish lira in 1992, 500,000 Turkish lira in 1993, 1,000,000 Turkish lira in 1995, 5,000,000 Turkish lira in 1997, 10,000,000 Turkish lira in 1999 and 20,000,000 Turkish lira in 2001. The higher values of the "E7 Emission Group" banknotes (1992 250,000 TL and later and higher value notes) are exchangeable for new Turkish liras at a rate of 1,000,000 Turkish lira to 1 new Turkish lira at branches of the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey until 31 December 2015, after which time they will have no value.
|
|
There are 338 million internet users (or netizens) in China and this is increasing. The number of recorded Witkey users in China is estimated at 600,000 and is set to increase to 9 million by 2007 according to the Beijing- based CCID Consulting Co. The requests are usually answered for a small fee which is worked out in points through the company running the Witkey website itself, which in turn are exchangeable for cash. From RMB 50 for a quick know- how answer to a small technological query to around RMB 1,000 to help a company come up with a logo design, with even higher amounts being paid out for more diverse services such as scientific research and analysis. The Witkey industry is predicted to grow as it proves popular with providers and clients alike, results are generally good and although the work can be demanding it can be done from home and the hours are flexible and, since you only need an internet connection to take on work as a Witkey, even those in remote areas are able to get in on the action as all of the services provided are carried out over the internet.
|
|
Rule 144A was adopted by the SEC in 1990 in order to make the US private placement market more attractive to foreign issuers who may not wish to make more onerous direct US listings. Whereas the US regulators by enacting Rule 144A sought to make the domestic US capital markets more attractive to foreign issuers, the Indian regulators are seeking to make the domestic Indian capital markets more attractive to domestic Indian issuers. In India Therefore, to encourage domestic securities placements (instead of foreign currency convertible bonds (FCCBs) and global or American depository receipts (GDRs or ADRs)), the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has with effect from May 8, 2006 inserted Chapter XIIIA into the SEBI (Disclosure & Investor Protection) Guidelines, 2000 (the DIP Guidelines), to provide guidelines for Qualified Institutional Placements (the QIP Scheme). The QIP Scheme is open to investments made by “Qualified Institutional Buyers” (which includes public financial institutions, mutual funds, foreign institutional investors, venture capital funds and foreign venture capital funds registered with the SEBI) in any issue of equity shares/ fully convertible debentures/ partly convertible debentures or any securities other than warrants, which are convertible into or exchangeable with equity shares at a later date (Securities).
|
|
Between 1995 and 1997, the ringgit was trading as a free float currency at around 2.50 to the US dollar, but following the onset of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, the ringgit witnessed major dips to under 3.80 MYR/USD by the end of 1997 as a result of capital flight. During the first half of 1998, the currency fluctuated between 3.80 and 4.40 MYR/USD, before Bank Negara Malaysia moved to peg the ringgit to the US dollar in September 1998, maintaining its 3.80 MYR/USD value while remaining floated against other currencies. In addition, the ringgit was designated non-tradeable outside of Malaysia in 1998 to stem the flow of money out of the country. While the printing of RM500 and RM1,000 notes had ceased in 1996 in response to risks of money laundering and capital flight, the underestimated effects of the financial crisis prompted the central bank to completely discontinue the use of the notes in by demonetising remaining notes in circulation begins 1 July 1999, hereby ceasing to be of legal tender and being only exchangeable directly at the central bank; at the time of the demonetization, RM500 and RM1,000 notes were each worth approximately US$130 and US$260 respectably, based on the 3.80 MYR/USD peg rate.
|
|
A scientific study indicates that the open drains feeding the lake introduce toxic substances from the catchment of the lake, particularly heavy metals which get adsorbed onto the suspended sediments, which in turn settle down in the bottom of the lake. A study of the risk assessment code has revealed that 4–13% of manganese, 4–8% of copper, 17–24% of nickel, 3–5% of chromium, 13–26% of lead, 14–23% of cadmium and 2–3% of zinc exist in exchangeable fraction which puts the lake under the low to medium risk category and infers that it could enter into food chain and also cause deleterious effects to aquatic life. This study provides the basic database to formulate guidelines for the dredging operations and/or restoration programmes in the lake.Metal fractionation study on bed sediments of Lake Nainital, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttaranchal, India The water quality studies carried out by the National Institute of Hydrology during 1999–2001 on physico-chemical parameters (pH, temperature profile, Secchi's transparency, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD and nutrients), biological profile (density of population, biomass and species diversity of phyto, zooplankton and macrobenthos) and bacteriological characteristics have led to the conclusion that long-term limnological changes have occurred in the lake.
|
|