First of all, his signature looks counterfeited: Real vs fake.
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One is that digital currencies will be counterfeited like bank notes were.
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Once North Korea counterfeited crude $100 bills to try to generate hard cash.
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Counterfeited brands included such prominent names as Adidas and Apple, Under Armour and Yves St. Laurent.
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It ended up counterfeited and on Amazon after a sequence of maneuvers that began last November.
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In one Chinese province, authorities seized more than seven million masks that were substandard, mislabeled or counterfeited.
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I personally would prefer if they buy a shoe that has been knocked off instead of completely counterfeited.
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Most alarming was the ease with which Mr Goldberg, assisted by a security expert, counterfeited a boarding pass.
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In China, $1 billion in counterfeited goods was seized in 2014, according to the International Anti-Counterfeiting Coalition.
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That's pertinent given China's patchy history of legal compliance, which has seen luxury goods and even baby formula counterfeited.
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But these codes have no linked security features, according to the authors, meaning they can be easily circumvented or counterfeited.
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He basically ... What he did was change the currency in terms of taking circulation out that had been counterfeited, etc.
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The most counterfeited fashion brands on Instagram, according to Ghost Data, are Louis Vuitton, Chanel, Gucci, Nike, Fendi, and Balenciaga.
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Prime Minister Narendra Modi devalued the 2100- and 1000-rupee bills because they are frequently counterfeited or used for graft.
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"I think it gets solved when you have Chinese companies and Chinese innovation and they start getting counterfeited," he said.
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Some of the most counterfeited brands in the world include Chanel and Gucci, according to a 2015 World Customs Organization Report.
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Some of the most counterfeited brands in the world include Chanel and Gucci, according to a 2015 World Customs Organization Report.
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Therefore, Burberry is seeking $2,000,000 for each trademark that Target has counterfeited and/or infringed, in addition to attorneys' fees and costs.
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Outside city jails, gang members sold crack cocaine at multiple locations in the Bronx and counterfeited large-denomination currency, the indictments charge.
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The deputy then contacted the Marine Corps unit responsible for Trump&aposs transportation, who then told them Magnan&aposs credentials were counterfeited.
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To support that narrative voice, Morris created additional characters, staged scenes that never happened, and fabricated footnotes to corroborate the counterfeited material.
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But, designer handbags are some of the world's most counterfeited items, so you definitely want to make sure you're getting the real deal.
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For nearly as long as roadside rest stops have sold Native American-made goods, so, too, have they sold counterfeited and misrepresented copies.
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The strange rhythms of its passage, and the ways those can be captured and counterfeited on film are among Mr. Linklater's abiding preoccupations.
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It's frequently counterfeited—and it's possible that something like three-quarters of the Viagra purchased online is counterfeit, reported Forbes a few years ago.
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The objective is to flush out the older bills, which the government believes have been counterfeited and used against India to fund terrorist operations.
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" In the video, Wetzbarger jokes about the pervasiveness of fakes on the market: "Some designers even say that if you're not counterfeited, you're not relevant.
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According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, handbags are the most counterfeited item on earth, followed by shoes, watches, perfume, and cosmetics.
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The exact number of the counterfeited reproductions is still under dispute: Snell claimed that the number is 600 works, while the French press reported 1,700.
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The nature of performance — the ways reality can be counterfeited and uncovered when people take on different identities — has preoccupied this filmmaker for a while.
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Unlike how gold can be effectively counterfeited with fool's gold and debasement, bitcoins remain unfailingly authentic due to mathematical checks built into all bitcoin wallets.
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"The system was very detailed and specialised," said Lieutenant Colonel Luca Lettere, noting that police were investigating whether the people involved had counterfeited other luxury goods.
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"The system was very detailed and specialized," said Lieutenant Colonel Luca Lettere, noting that police were investigating whether the people involved had counterfeited other luxury goods.
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U.S. officials have said the $100 bill is the most frequently counterfeited denomination of U.S. currency outside the United States due to its broad circulation overseas.
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It just struck an exclusive deal with Pfizer to provide Roman customers with generic Viagra, offering clear supply chain transparency around a drug that's often counterfeited.
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MAC is one of the most-counterfeited brands in the world, and parent company Estée Lauder's Global Security division is leading the fight from the private sector.
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It ordered test purchases from the defendants over the course of 2018, then reviewed the products they received and found them to be counterfeited, the suit explains.
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"You also have to take into consideration the importance of counterfeited objects in the economic impact of the illegal activities related to cultural heritage," Planche told VICE.
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"The imports you are referring to could be linked to unauthorized channel activities and/or involve counterfeited and/or second-hand products," it said in a statement.
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CBP said they will not release information about the make or model of the items that were counterfeited or whether any arrests were made following the seizure in Philadelphia.
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Sildenafil works by increasing blood flow to the penisSildenafil is one of the world's most popular drugs, and it's also one of the most counterfeited drugs in the world.
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The Paris-based think-tank said China appeared as the largest producer of counterfeited products, but that the intellectual property rights of Chinese companies had also been frequently infringed.
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PAMP and Metalor declined to comment on the record; Argor said there was always a risk brands would be counterfeited, and recommended people buy bars only from trusted distributors.
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Ad campaigns fronted by model Kate Moss helped sales rise in the early 161.1s, but Burberry became a victim of its own success when its check pattern was widely counterfeited.
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ATHENS (Reuters) - Greek police arrested six people on Saturday in an operation to break up a gang which counterfeited documents for asylum seekers on a Greek island, the coastguard said.
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The term "grey market" refers to legitimate products sold via unauthorized — though legal — sellers, while a "black market" is when scarce products are traded illegally, or when goods are counterfeited.
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Still, Lowry, the turquoise expert, argues that while there's no place for counterfeited or misrepresented Native jewelry, there is some reason for low-market turquoise and imitation turquoise to exist.
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FRANKFURT (Reuters) - The European Central Bank unveiled a new 503 euro banknote on Tuesday to replace its most widely counterfeited bill and reaffirm its commitment to the use of cash.
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While the news has undeniable echoes of last year's massive Note 7 disaster, this time out, the fault appears to fall at the feet of potentially counterfeited batteries supplied by FedEx.
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Soon after she opened her online store in 1003, she said she found her copyrighted design being counterfeited and sold in bulk to small US retail stores by vendors on AliExpress.
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By the time of her death, Kate Spade New York had passed from owner to owner, transforming from an accessible luxury to an oft-counterfeited commodity and an outlet mall mainstay.
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There are notes counterfeited as part of Operation Bernhard, a Nazi plot to introduce fake notes to Britain, which prompted the bank to withdraw high-value notes from circulation for a time.
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A spokesman for Ugg parent company Deckers said the company doesn't do joint promotions and does not distribute iCalendar promotions, adding that the UGG is one of the most counterfeited brands globally.
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Burberry is seeking an injunction stopping Target from selling the products with the patterns and relief of up to $2 million for each trademark Target has counterfeited, as well as attorney fees.
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On Yeezys, for example, since they are some of the most counterfeited items I see, I look at the stitching; build structure; wherever it says, "boost"; the font style; and the box.
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If high-fashion goods such as designer purses, shoes and sunglasses can be counterfeited to fool fastidious consumers, it should be a piece of cake to fake something as grotty as rhino horn.
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WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The U.S. Treasury Department on Monday sanctioned a network of individuals and companies it said counterfeited Yemeni bank notes potentially worth hundreds of millions of dollars for Iran Revolutionary Guard's Qods Force.
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"Here in San Francisco, people dream of a completely automated, human-free future, but I don't share that dream," Andrew Sean Greer, whose Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, "Less," was counterfeited on Amazon, told me.
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Based on a distributed ledger technology known as the blockchain, digital currencies are revolutionary because they require no trust between parties, they cannot be counterfeited, and the entire transaction history is completely transparent and mathematically proven.
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But Coldiretti said there could be worse to follow, as characteristic regional food products such as French champagne, Spanish ham or Italian prosecco - the most counterfeited Italian wine - currently enjoy protected status in Britain under EU rules.
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On the site for Viagra, Pfizer warns that it's "one of the most counterfeited drugs in the world," which seems plausible to anyone who's ever waded through the quagmire of boner pill solicitations in their spam folder.
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Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads A Paris court of appeals ruled a one-year suspended prison sentence for American businessman and art dealer Gary Snell after it found him guilty of trading in counterfeited Auguste Rodin sculptures.
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While China continues to have significant problems of IP theft (industrial espionage, counterfeited goods and services, trademark squatting, etc.), its leadership and government agencies have made concerted efforts to propel their intellectual property systems into the 21st century.
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PARIS (Reuters) - Counterfeited and pirated goods accounted for up to 2.5 percent of world trade, or as much as $461 billion, significantly damaging companies and state coffers, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) said on Monday.
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Adidas, Nike, NFL jerseys, Louis Vuitton and Gucci were some of the most counterfeited brands and products — in one case, in 2019 CBP officers seized counterfeit Rolex watches with a value (if they were authentic) of more than $1.4 million.
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"The information gathered during the raid and from the forensic analysis of the seized banknotes attests to the huge production potential of this criminal organization, both in terms of quantities of counterfeited banknotes but also on account of their quality," Wainwright added.
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The German interior ministry says that the collection of refugees' personal data will be carried out under "strict legal requirements," and that it will not be used to identify "criminal offenses" unless it is proven that an asylum-seeker used counterfeited documents.
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It also said free ports, which legally enjoy privileged tax treatments within the EU, could be abused for trade of counterfeited goods, money laundering and other crime if no sufficient checks are carried out to identify the owners of companies using them.
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As a result, all tickets for the Pearl Jam concerts will be powered by Ticketmaster SafeTix, a type of ticket that uses a unique barcode that refreshes every couple of seconds so it can't be screenshotted or counterfeited, according to the band's website.
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And counterfeits plague just about every corner of the web; according to one study done last year by the Government Accountability Office, in a sample of commonly counterfeited products bought on the websites of Amazon, Sears, Walmart, eBay, and Newegg, about 40 percent were fake.
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A recent report by the Government Accountability Office revealed that in a sample of four categories of frequently counterfeited goods — shoes, cosmetics, travel mugs and phone chargers — more than 40 percent of listings stated to be authentic in online third-party marketplaces were counterfeit.
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Trump, who has embraced an "America First" policy aimed at rebalancing global trade in favor of U.S. companies and workers, said China had pledged action to confront the problem of pirated or counterfeited goods, and that the deal included strong protection of intellectual property rights.
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The only goal is that customers are not deceived or mislead by false marketing or advertising efforts which imply that those platforms can guarantee the authenticity of Chanel products, which is not the case given that several counterfeited items were available among the displayed products.
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And while it specifies that it wants companies to have "proactive tools" for detecting and removing illegal content, it says this approach should be "in particular for terrorism content and for content which does not need contextualisation to be deemed illegal, such as child sexual abuse material or counterfeited goods".
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"Erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs are the most counterfeited medications in the world," says New York-based sexual health specialist Michael Reitano, explaining that the high cost of erectile dysfunction medications, the embarrassment some men feel with the condition, and the ease of buying mostly foreign, counterfeit drugs online without a prescription conspire to make manufacturing counterfeit ED medications an extremely lucrative business.
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Jennifer Layden of the Illinois Department of Public Health told reporters that, in a related survey of 4,000 people who vape in her state, people with lung injuries were nine times more likely to have vaped illicit liquids bought from friends or on the street, and were eight times more likely to have used "Dank" vapes, a line of refillable vaping cartridges that are often counterfeited.
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Tiger penis has also been counterfeited in China and Hong Kong, due to its high price.
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The counterfeited notes were created at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp by prisoners who were experts in forgery.
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Medicines and essential aircraft and automobile parts (e.g. brakes, motor parts, etc.) are counterfeited on a large scale.
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The coin has been counterfeited from time to time. Various techniques have also been used to make genuine specimens shinier to deceive collectors, including polishing, a process that damages their surfaces and patina.
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Customs protection is another positive mechanism in law enforcement with regard to IPRs. The Regulations on Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights (中华人民共和国知识产权海关保护条例), promulgated in June 1995, strengthened border control to stop counterfeited goods from coming into, or leaving, the PRC. Despite this regulation existing as a legislative capacity, the ability to enforce these laws varies according to the differing interpretations that exist amongst the local governmental authorities in China. Despite the growing number of raids on hubs for traders of counterfeited goods and the rise in the number of lawsuits brought against companies that use counterfeited technology, codes, or logos, the level of government response does not match the degree to which counterfeiting is happening in China.
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"BLACK MARKET OF THE SKIES SUBSTANDARD AIRPLANE PARTS POSE RISK" Associated Press at the Columbus Dispatch. Sunday December 8, 1996. Insight 5B. Boeing has stated that mechanical parts, electronic parts and materials have been counterfeited.
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In addition, programmable logic can be used to hide the exact function of a circuit, in order to prevent a product from being cloned or counterfeited. The software equivalent of glue logic is called glue code.
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Until 2008 holders of the Bilhete de Identidade also required a Social Security Card, National Health Service Card, Taxpayer Card and Voter's Card. In addition to this profusion of documents, the Bilhete de Identidade had the disadvantage that it was widely counterfeited. In response to these concerns from 2006 the Bilhete de Identidade was being phased out in favor of the much wider-scoped Cartão de Cidadão (Citizen Card). The newer card replaces all the documents listed above, and is a secure smart card which is not easily counterfeited.
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Cefixime is marketed under many trade names worldwide; examples include Caricef, Taxim o, Texit, Cef-3, Denvar, 3-C, Cefim, Magnett, Oroken, Ofiken, Fix-A, and Zifi. In India it is marketed as Zifi 200 and is commonly counterfeited.
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Some vehicles feature the livery of companies such as DHL and United Parcel Service. The company has had several of its designs counterfeited over the years, with some of the copies earning Awards in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2013, and 2014.
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The Stamp Atlas. London: Macdonald, 1986, p. 166. Initially these were the current stamps of Panama or (less often) the U.S., overprinted with 'CANAL ZONE' in various styles. Philatelists have identified over 100 varieties, some of them quite rare (and counterfeited).
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His work, commenced without the proper approval of his superiors, and deeply pro-Lithuanian attitudes upset priests from Viekšniai, Kuršėnai, and Šakyna. They wrote complaints to bishop Paliulionis. Church of St. John of Nepomuk in Vadaktėliai where Tumas worked in 1902–1905 One of the complaints attacked a translation of a short catechism by Roch Filochowski published by Tumas in 1898 with counterfeited publication data (supposedly, published in 1863 at the Zawadzki Press in Vilnius). The complaint protested that the catechism also counterfeited its approbation (supposedly, by bishop Motiejus Valančius) and that it replaced various Polish loanwords and barbarisms with Lithuanian equivalents.
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Uttering is a crime involving a person with the intent to defraud that knowingly sells, publishes or passes a forged or counterfeited document. More specifically, forgery creates a falsified document and uttering is the act of knowingly passing on or using the forged document.
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105-110, 2009. All of these have been counterfeited. Greek forces were driven out of Epirus by Italy in 1916; at the same time, Koritsa came under French occupation. Under French administration, a short- lived Republic of Korçë was formed there and stamps were issued in December 1916.
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According to John Keyworth, the curator of the Bank of England Museum, as the paper currency had never been successfully counterfeited, the Bank of England "was a little complacent about the design of its notes and the production of them"; he described the notes as "technologically ... very simple".
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A tetradrachm from Ancient Athens, dated circa 449–413 BC. Contains multiple 'test cuts' which were commonly made by suspicious minds in antiquity to detect forgeries by assessing whether the base metal underneath was the same (silver) or a cheaper metal (e.g. bronze). This coin has silver beneath and is not an ancient forgery. Legitimate coins were minted in casting molds in ancient China but could easily be counterfeited using the same technique from a coin mold of the Warring States period (475–221 BC), in the Qin State. An Asian coin similar to the kind that were easily counterfeited in ancient China Plated counterfeit coin of the Roman emperor Domitian (81-96 AD).
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The U.S. counterfeited notes throughout the war partly in an attempt to destabilize the local economy, thereby demoralizing the Japanese, and to supply guerillas fighting the Japanese. General MacArthur asked the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) to replicate the Japanese currency in the Philippines for his eventual return. By luck, a supply of paper made from plants native to Japan was located in the U.S. When that supply was exhausted the counterfeiting operation was transferred to Australia. In 1943 MacArthur requested and received the following counterfeited notes; five million 10-Peso notes, three million 5-Peso notes, one and a half million 1-Peso notes and five hundred thousand 50 centavo notes.
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However, he continued counterfeiting coins in Arnemuiden. In 1619 he was apprehended for owning several devices he counterfeited coins with. Normally, one would have been sentenced to death for this crime. However, since the father of the Arnemuiden bailiff was found to be an accessory, he was pardoned from this punishment.
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In the autumn of 1606, however, rumors about the activities at the convent became more frequent. The blacksmith who had counterfeited the keys was also killed by Osio. These facts came to the ears of the governor of Milan. On Carnival day of 1607 Osio was arrested and imprisoned in Pavia.
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In the United States, the term chamois without any qualification is restricted to the flesh split of the sheep or lambskin tanned solely with oils (US Federal Standard CS99-1970). Chamois leather is often counterfeited with goat or pig skin, the practice of which is a particular profession called by the French chamoiser.
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The museum displays more than 4,000 goods that infringe trademarks, patents, and copyrights. One of the largest of its kind in the world, the museum is home to a collection of 14 broad categories of goods, including clothing, footwear, watches and eyewear, accessories, cosmetics and perfumes, food and household products, drugs, alcohol and cigarettes, copyright works, stationery and office supplies, automotive parts, tools, electrical devices, and miscellaneous products. According to CNN, the museum has "an eye-opening display that shows just how much is counterfeited, how far crooks will go to manufacture fake products, and the very real dangers that the industry creates." Other unexpected counterfeited goods are shown, such as automotive accessories, bearings, residual-current devices, pencils, glue, and food products.
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Compact Discs, videotapes and DVDs, computer software and other media that are easily copied can be counterfeited and sold through vendors at street markets, night markets, mail order, and numerous Internet sources, including open auction sites like eBay. In some cases where the counterfeit media has packaging good enough to be mistaken for the genuine product, it is sometimes sold as such. Music enthusiasts may use the term bootleg recording to differentiate otherwise unavailable recordings from counterfeited copies of commercially released material. In 2014, nearly 30% of the UK population was knowingly or unknowingly involved in some form of piracy, either through streaming content online or buying counterfeit DVDs, with such theft costing the UK audiovisual industries about £500m a year.
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Counterfeit Viagra, despite generally being cheaper, can contain harmful substances or substances that affect how Viagra works, such as blue printer ink, amphetamines, metronidazole, boric acid, and rat poison. Viagra is one of the world's most counterfeited medicines. According to a Pfizer study, around 80% of sites claiming to sell Viagra were selling counterfeits.
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Another competitor to be pointed out that made pens was Benjamin Ball while Joseph Dixon also made pencils and pens. Munroe led the pencil industry in the United States into the 1840s. It should be pointed out that some were not on the level and illegally copied Munroe's techniques of pencil making. They counterfeited his stamps and labels.
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When used as a chemical marker, taggants can be used for authentication of products and documents. Taggants are sometimes used by brand owners and governments to authenticate commonly counterfeited items. Taggants are integrated into the material of the item itself or into the packaging. Once integrated, the taggants can only be verified with specially engineered readers.
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Representatives of the content industry such as BSA have argued that every pirated copy is a lost sale. Similar arguments have been made with regards to sales of counterfeited goods. Estimates of lost sales commonly are given in the values of billions of U.S. dollars for the U.S. market alone, with the worldwide figures being several times higher.
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According to the central banks, the ratio of counterfeited bank notes is about 10 in one million of real bank notes for the Swiss franc, 50 in one million for the Euro, 100 in one million for United States dollar and 300 in one million for Pound sterling. Michel Beuret, "Les mystères de la fausse monnaie", Allez savoir !, no. 50, May 2011.
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He suggested that two treaties be drawn – the real one on white paper, containing no reference to Omichund and the other on red paper, containing Omichund's desired stipulation, to deceive him. The Members of the Committee signed on both treaties, but Admiral Watson signed only the real one and his signature had to be counterfeited on the fictitious one.Bengal, v.1, pp.
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Arthur "Artorius" Williams is an American-born counterfeiter and subject of the book The Art of Making Money by Jason Kersten. He is most known for having counterfeited the 1996-issued $100 Bill, the quality of which is on par with the supernote. He currently resides in Chicago. His story was featured on NPR's The Diane Rehm Show on June 15, 2009.
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With Palmer being one of his biggest inspirations, he created nearly twenty fake Palmers. Keating and Kelly then decided on the best three forgeries and Kelly took them to gallery specialists for auction. In 1962, Keating counterfeited Edgar Degas' self-portrait. In 1963, he started his own informal school, teaching teenagers painting techniques in exchange for tobacco or second-hand art books.
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Minister-President Ehard gave approval for such transactions. Things soon however went from bad to worse. Auerbach lodged a complaint to the state Justice Ministry in December 1950 that residency permits were being counterfeited for money, which blocked the way of actual claimants from receiving funds. Justice Minister Josef Müller however, turned this on its head and blamed Auerbach for such behaviors.
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Another way gift card fraud occurs is when a retailer's online systems which store gift card data undergo brute force attacks from automated bots. Tax refund fraud is an increasingly popular method of using identify theft to acquire prepaid cards ready for immediate cash out. Popular coupons may be counterfeited and sold also. Personal information and even medical records are sometimes available.
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During the classical period, wine was so often adulterated and counterfeited that Pliny the Elder complained that not even the nobility could be assured that their wine was genuine. For as long as wine has been made, it has been manipulated, adulterated, and counterfeited. In ancient Rome, Pliny the Elder complained about the abundance of fraudulent Roman wine which was so great that even the nobility could not be assured that the wine they were pouring on their table was genuine. For the poor and middle class of Rome, local bar establishments seemed to have an unlimited supply of the prestigious Falernian wine for unusually low prices.J. Robinson (ed) "The Oxford Companion to Wine" Third Edition pg 4 & 26-27 Oxford University Press 2006 During the Middle Ages, wines from questionable origins were often passed off as wines from more prestigious regions.
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According to the central bank, the ratio of counterfeited bank notes is about 10 in one million of real bank notes for the Swiss franc, of 50 in one million for the Euro, of 100 in one million for United States dollar and of 300 in one million for pound sterling. Michel Beuret, "Les mystères de la fausse monnaie" , Allez savoir !, no. 50, May 2011.
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The book became immediately popular, selling all the 30,000 copies of the first edition within monthsRobin Kinross and Linda Eerme: The architects of the book, 22 May 2002 while it was counterfeited in China.Justin McGuirk: Tomes, sweet tomes: how Rem Koolhaas re-engineered the architecture book in The Guardian, 17 May 2010 The second edition printed in 70,000 copies has been subsequently exhausted as well.
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The same counterfeiter also counterfeited other US gold coins, including a large quantity of $3 gold pieces, dated 1874, 1878 and 1882, with the 1882 being the most prevalent. Three of the counterfeit $10 gold pieces, the 1910-P, the 1913-P and the 1926-P, have the omega placed upside down within the upper loop of the "R" of "LIBERTY" in the Native American's headdress.
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The design of the banknotes featured a "soft vignette" of the portrait on the obverse, instead of the decorative frame about the portrait used for the 1935 Series and 1937 Series of banknotes. This was deemed to make counterfeiting the banknotes more difficult. By 1967, the series was heavily counterfeited, and by 1973, the $50 banknote had a counterfeit ratio of over 950 parts per million.
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Katz, David, Solid Foundation: An Oral History Of Reggae. Bloomsbury, Like many artists in her day, Gaye received no royalties from radio play. Because her manager, Gaetano Vastola, routinely counterfeited his artists' music to keep all the profits; the record's sales are difficult to determine.James, Tommy and Fitzpatrick, Martin (2010) Me, the Mob, and the Music: One Helluva Ride with Tommy James & The Shondells, New York: Scribner.
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Rolex watches are frequently counterfeited, and these are often illegally sold on the street and online. Counterfeit Rolex watches vary in quality: some use the cheapest of movements, while others use automatic movements, and some use an ETA movement. However, the majority of these counterfeit watches are easily identifiable by jewellers and other experts. O. J. Simpson wore a counterfeit Rolex during his 1994 murder trial.
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According to French EP member Kader Arif, "The problem with ACTA is that, by focusing on the fight against violation of intellectual property rights in general, it treats a generic drug just as a counterfeited drug. This means the patent holder can stop the shipping of the drugs to a developing country, seize the cargo and even order the destruction of the drugs as a preventive measure." He continued, "Generic medicines are not counterfeited medicines; they are not the fake version of a drug; they are a generic version of a drug, produced either because the patent on the original drug has expired, or because a country has to put in place public health policies," he said. A number of countries such as India and African nations have histories of seeking generic cheaper versions of expensive drugs for infections such as HIV, something that has often been resisted by pharmaceutical companies.
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He was soon on international "Wanted" lists as a counterfeiter, but he is also believed to have forged emigration papers for Jews trying to go to Palestine. He then emigrated to Uruguay, where he counterfeited Russian icons. The Uruguayan police apparently caught on, and Smolianoff moved to Brazil in the 1950s, where he went into the toy business. Smolianoff died in Porto Alegre, in the south of Brazil, in 1976.
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Hearing of this, Clive suggested an expedient to the Committee. He suggested that two treaties be drawn – the real one on white paper, containing no reference to Omichund and the other on red paper, containing Omichund's desired stipulation, to deceive him. The Members of the Committee signed on both treaties, but Admiral Watson signed only the real one and his signature had to be counterfeited on the fictitious one.Bengal, v.
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There were only two official Japanese pressings, both on CD with barely noticeable variations in artwork. The Japanese CDs were rushed out without prior consent from the US parent company and as a result the cover art is taken from the inside artwork of the Nevermind album. All Japanese vinyl copies were counterfeit. Counterfeit versions of the Japanese CD's also exist and the Australian blue CD version has also been counterfeited.
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Vilppula was the Director of International Operations of the Kazakhstan-based metals and gas giant Euro-Asian Group in 1997. In a few years, the company became a major name in the world chromium and ferrochromium markets. Vilppula has had close and cordial contacts with a group of billionaires known as the "Kazakhstan Trio", who are suspected by the Belgian authorities of money laundering, counterfeited documents, and links to organized crime.
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The SM58 and SM57 have been extensively counterfeited."Sennheiser, Shure Team Up For Counterfeit Raid", December 21, 2001, MIX"Counterfeit Shure Microphones Destroyed", October 9, 2002, MIX"Thai- based counterfeit ring smashed", February 1, 2006, Music Trades. "Among the products in this shipment was a large quantity of counterfeit SM58 microphones destined for retail outlets around Thailand.""Auction websites' threat to legitimate brands", January 1, 2007, Pro Sound News Europe.
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The spice is reportedly counterfeited with horse hair, corn silk, or shredded paper. Tartrazine or sunset yellow have been used to colour counterfeit powdered saffron. In recent years, saffron adulterated with the colouring extract of gardenia fruits has been detected in the European market. This form of fraud is difficult to detect due to the presence of flavonoids and crocines in the gardenia-extracts similar to those naturally occurring in saffron.
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Several Bulgarian counterfeiters were convicted and sentenced for counterfeiting the banknotes in December 2006. By 2004, counterfeit Birds of Canada $20 banknotes represented nearly 65% of all counterfeit currency in Canada. Today, the Birds of Canada banknotes are relatively easy to counterfeit with inkjet printers. The Birds series and the original Canadian Journey Series are the most commonly counterfeited Canadian banknote series because of their lack of modern security features.
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This meant that automated sorting machines could not reliably sort them when mixed with earlier coins. The new gold pieces entered circulation in early November 1908, attracting some negative comment. Philadelphia numismatist Samuel Chapman wrote to Roosevelt in early December to criticize the new coins. The indentations in the new coins would harbor dirt and germs, Chapman argued; the coins could be easily counterfeited by carving a disc of metal.
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Illegal drugs can be counterfeited easily because no standards or regulations govern them or their packaging though some examples of illegal drugs are sold under "brand names" to indicate certain standards or dosage levels were being adhered to, as in the case of 1960s-era LSD, which was sold with patterns or logos printed on blotter paper. These illegal "brands" can also be counterfeited by drug dealers who want to be able to sell their products at higher prices. Counterfeit illegal and recreational drugs range from products which do not contain any active ingredients, as in cases where lactose powder is sold as heroin, or dried herbs such as oregano are sold as cannabis, to cases where the active ingredients are "cut" with a diluent (as in cases where cocaine is mixed with lactose powder), and cases where the claimed active ingredients are substituted by something cheaper (e.g., when methamphetamine is sold as cocaine).
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Within this system, transfers of securities had to be settled through the physical delivery of paper certificates and instruments of transfer. As a result, transactions were expensive in terms of labour and time. They were also risky, especially when transferred over long distances, since paper documents could be lost, stolen or counterfeited. Furthermore, while in transit, securities were not available for use or investment, causing what has been called "pipeline liquidity risk".
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Italic type rapidly became very popular and was widely (and inaccurately) imitated. The Venetian Senate gave Aldus exclusive right to its use, a patent confirmed by three successive Popes, but it was widely counterfeited as early as 1502. Griffo, who had left Venice in a business dispute, cut a version for printer Girolamo Soncino, and other copies appeared in Italy and in Lyons. The Italians called the character Aldino, while others called it Italic.
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The Mint considered a two- cent piece again for the second time in 1836. Second Engraver Christian Gobrecht and Melter and Refiner Franklin Peale both conducted experiments for the coin, and concluded that the piece was to be made of billon (similar to the 1806 proposal). Although the coin was proposed in early drafts of the Mint Act of 1837, this the proposal was dropped when Peale showed that the coin could be easily counterfeited.
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The most commonly counterfeited product is extra-virgin olive oil. Other products commonly associated with food fraud include fish and seafood, honey, meat and grain-based foods, fruit juices, organic foods, coffee, some highly processed foods, tea and spices. Experts estimate that up to 10% of food products in retail stores contain some degree of adulteration, and EMA events cost the US food industry between $10 billion and $15 billion a year.
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Perestroika produced a unique type of rationing: rationing of money. In 1990 in Byelorussia introduced a "Consumer's Card", which was a paper sheet sectioned into tear-off coupons with various designated monetary values: 20, 75, 100, 200, and 300 rubles. These coupons were required in addition to real money when purchasing certain categories of consumer goods. The coupons had next to none protection and could be easily counterfeited on modern colour copiers.
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He proposed that he be allowed to inspect the Mint's processes in order to improve them. He petitioned Parliament to adopt his plans for a coinage that could not be counterfeited, while at the same time striking false coins. Newton put Chaloner on trial for counterfeiting and had him sent to Newgate Prison in September 1697. But Chaloner had friends in high places, who helped him secure an acquittal and his release.
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Lake Grundlsee, sometimes called das Steirische Meer (the Styrian Sea), is the largest lake in the state of Styria. At Grundlsee, you can rent an electric boat by the hour and there are public beaches distributed around it. Grundlsee is fed by two smaller lakes, Lake Toplitz (German: Toplitzsee) and Kammersee. Toplitzsee, where the Nazis both tested weapons and allegedly dumped counterfeited currency, is the source of much local lore in the region.
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20 kroner bill Issued on 11 March 1980 – out of print as of April 10, 1990 and replaced by a coin. It features Pauline Tutein, née Tath, and two house sparrows drawn by Gunnar Larsen (1919–1981). It was part of an April Fools' Day hoax in Denmark in which all notes on which the two sparrows only showed 3 legs were said to be counterfeited. On all notes the sparrows only show 3 legs.
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Domaine Ponsot is a wine producer in Burgundy, France that produces white and red wine. They are best known for their Morey-Saint-Denis Blanc 1er cru Clos des Monts Luisants — the only premier cru Burgundy made entirely from Aligoté — and their flagship reds, the Clos de la Roche Cuvée Vieilles Vignes, and the Clos St. Denis Cuvée Très Vieilles Vignes. The domaine's wine was famously counterfeited in the wine auction scandal that resulted in Rudy Kurniawan's arrest.
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Silver and gold coins continued to be issued and in 1878 the link between paper money and coins was reinstated. This disconnection from gold and silver backing also occurred during the War of 1812. The use of paper money not backed by precious metals had also occurred under the Articles of Confederation from 1777 to 1788. With no solid backing and being easily counterfeited, the continentals quickly lost their value, giving rise to the phrase "not worth a continental".
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In October 1984, a warrant was issued for McLaughlin's arrest after he failed to appear in court on previous charges. McLaughlin was arrested in for illegally trafficking counterfeit shoes and money laundering in 1990. According to The New Yorker, McLaughlin, who had ties in Mexico from when he played baseball there, made deals with Korean businesspeople to make counterfeit footwear. The brands that he counterfeited included Converse, Vans, and Adidas, which he manufactured to sell in the Mexican market.
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Whicher and Lund watched the two as they returned to the same bench every day for six weeks and watched the bank. Eventually, on 28 June 1851 they caught the two red-handed as they ran from the bank having robbed it. The Times criticised the police for allowing the crime to take place rather than preventing it. Whicher also pursued criminals who counterfeited coins, forged signatures on cheques and money orders, as well as pickpockets and conmen.
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A Louis Vuitton "Sarah Wallet" Louis Vuitton is one of the most counterfeited brands in the fashion world due to its image as a status symbol. Ironically, the signature Monogram Canvas was created to prevent counterfeiting. In 2004, Louis Vuitton fakes accounted for 18% of counterfeit accessories seized in the European Union. The company actively seeks to eradicate counterfeiting, and employs a team of lawyers and special investigation agencies to pursue offenders through the courts worldwide.
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As of May 2012 the terms of the sale to Global VR have not been satisfied and the transaction not completed. In July 2009 a grand jury indicted David R. Foley on 35 counts, claiming that he sold counterfeited game packs for the UltraCade platform. On January 9, 2012, Foley pleaded guilty to conspiracy charges related to sales of UltraCade game software and making false statements on loan applications while all claims of counterfeiting were dropped.
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Vending machines were then adapted to reject the old cupronickel 500 yen coins. This was done by having the machines only recognize the conductivity given off by the nickel brass used in the new coins. These second generation nickel brass coins were soon counterfeited as well by using raw materials. In 2005, an article in The Japan Times reported that the perpetrators deposited the coins in an account using an ATM, the money was then withdrawn in the form of banknotes.
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The iron 10 wén cash coin drastically declined in its value, one of the reasons for this was the fact that it was being counterfeited on a large scale. At this time both peasants and merchants from the province of Zhili stopped accepting the coin as a form of payment. After in the spring of Xianfeng 7 (1857) the convertibility of Hubu Guanpiao tael notes into Da-Qing Baochao cash notes was partly restored by the lot method at the Yu banks.
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The education system emulated those found in other Japanese colonies, in which all students were forced to learn Japanese and discouraged from using their native language. A new currency was introduced, popularly referred to as banana money. This currency was quickly subjected to major inflation, as Japanese officials would print more whenever they needed it and it was also easily counterfeited. All Singaporeans were subject to food rations, and ration cards were distributed for citizens to redeem on a monthly basis.
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A well known and popular numismatic item is the 1944 nickel counterfeited by Francis LeRoy Henning. Unlike official specimens, this spurious item is missing a large mintmark for the Philadelphia Mint. Because of a different wartime composition, all nickels of this period had large mintmarks. Normally the Philadelphia mint would not have included one, but in 1944 all of its nickels had a "P" above the dome of Monticello. It is estimated that 100,000 of these coins were placed into circulation.
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A European Commission report also concluded that these facilities "could be abused for trade of counterfeited goods, money laundering and other crime if no sufficient checks are carried out to identify the owners of companies using them." Furthermore, a 2016 UNESCO report detailed the possibility that freeports can be used by art dealers to trade stolen, looted or illegally excavated objects, even many years later. The facilities have been alleged to be a point of sale for expensive art, for example, to museums.
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In the 1840s or 1860s E.B. Foote, a U.S. physician claims to have invented the cervical cap but it's reported that his patent was denied since the device could be used for obscene purposes. Foote claimed that his invention was "widely counterfeited". An occlusive pessary marketed in the United States as the "womb veil" seems to have been an early form of diaphragm or cervical cap.Janet Farrell Brodie, Contraception and Abortion in Nineteenth-Century America (Cornell University Press, 1994), p.
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In April 1843, twelve men in Kinderhook, Pike County, Illinois, indicated they had found six small brass plates on the property of Robert Wiley. Wiley had indicated that he had dreamed on three consecutive nights of treasure being buried in a mound, which had caused the plates to be discovered. In reality, Wiley, W. Fugate, and a blacksmith named Whiddon had counterfeited the plates making the characters with an acid process. A letter was sent to the Times and Seasons revealing the discovery.
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Giacometti died in 1966 of heart disease (pericarditis) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at the Kantonsspital in Chur, Switzerland. His body was returned to his birthplace in Borgonovo, where he was interred close to his parents. With no children, Annette Giacometti became the sole holder of his property rights. She worked to collect a full listing of authenticated works by her late husband, gathering documentation on the location and manufacture of his works and working to fight the rising number of counterfeited works.
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Prior to this, the Central Intelligence Agency had informed Administrator Kemal Derviş that the North Korean regime counterfeited and reprinted sent banknotes, which was part of their food aid. Németh led the three-member inquiry committee which determined the existence of this unauthorized use of funds, and distribution branches in Cairo and Macau. In June 2008, the 380-page report was published. For his role in the unification of Germany and Europe, in June 2014 Németh received the Point Alpha Prize.
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As Captain Underpants and The Wicked Wedgie Woman face off, George shouts to Harold that he'll get rid of his extra-strength starch, and she steals all the bottles and sprays them at Captain Underpants. Due to the counterfeited hair remover, everyone is bald (even Captain Underpants). Captain Underpants turns back into Mr. Krupp and the boys hypnotize Ms. Ribble to forget the last two weeks and become the nicest teacher in the school's history, much to the kids' happiness.
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Sometimes they counterfeited the necessary documents of students. And student soldiers "Tekketsu Kinnotai" were killed such as in suicide attacks against a tank with bombs and in guerrilla operations. After losing in the Battle of Okinawa in June 1945, the Japanese government enacted new laws in preparation for the decisive battles in the main islands. They were the laws that made it possible boys aged 15 or older and girls aged 17 or older to be drafted into the army for actual battles.
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Plated counterfeit coin of the Roman emperor Domitian (81-96 AD). By using a copper core covered in a silver coating, the coin has a much lower intrinsic value, while face value remains the same. Coin counterfeiting of valuable antique coins is common; modern high-value coins are also counterfeited and circulated.Coin Counterfeiting, Counterfeit Coins(2007-26-09) Counterfeit antique coins are generally made to a very high standard so that they can deceive experts; this is not easy and many coins still stand out.
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Section 2314 of Title 18, the "transportation" offense, consists of five different paragraphs. The first paragraph relates to the interstate or foreign transportation of the proceeds of a theft or a fraud where the proceeds have a value of $5,000 or more. The second paragraph relates to causing the interstate transportation of a victim to defraud the victim of $5,000 or more of money or property. The third paragraph relates to the interstate and foreign transportation of falsely made, forged, altered, or counterfeited securities or tax stamps.
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During the 1928 presidential election he was one of the Democrats who supported Republican Herbert Hoover over Democratic Al Smith, who was Catholic. On April 9, 1929, Catts was indicted by a federal grand jury in Jacksonville for aiding and abetting in counterfeiting money with multiple other people in a plan to distribute $1,000,000 in counterfeited money. His first trial in October resulted in a mistrial and was acquitted at his second trial. On March 9, 1936, Catts died at his home in DeFuniak Springs, Florida.
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Navarro continued to promote policies challenging amid trade negotiations between the two countries. Navarro worked with the DHS to initiate a crackdown on counterfeited and pirated e-commerce goods from overseas, and he promoted the administration's actions on the matter. Trump signed an executive order on the matter on January 31, 2020. In February 2020, it was reported that Navarro was conducting his own investigation into the identity of the author of an anonymous op-ed in The New York Times criticizing the Trump Administration.
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The company expanded its manufacturing base in the 1970s with new factories opening in Watseka, Illinois and Piedras Negras, Mexico. In 1974, the company also introduced Littelites, electronic indicator lights used in industrial and office machinery, household appliances and computers. In 1976, Littelfuse developed Autofuse, which was the first blade-type fuse used in automobiles. The Autofuse brand was counterfeited heavily and in 1983 the company obtained an exclusionary order from the United States International Trade Commission, which barred the importation of counterfeit blade-type fuses.
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The penny was the first of its denomination to be struck in copper. The cartwheel twopenny coin was not struck again; much of the mintage was melted down in 1800 when the price of copper increased and it had proved too heavy for commerce and was difficult to strike. Much to Boulton's chagrin, the new coins were being counterfeited in copper-covered lead within a month of issuance. Boulton was awarded additional contracts in 1799 and 1806, each for the lower three copper denominations.
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Although no 1923 or 1930 dimes were struck at Denver, specimens appearing to be 1923-D or 1930-D dimes may be encountered. These counterfeits are struck in good silver, allowing the coiner to profit on the difference between the cost of production and the face value. They did not appear until after World War II, are invariably found in worn condition, and are believed to have been struck in the Soviet Union, a country known to have counterfeited US coins during World War II.
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In 1914, he patented a last improvement before the outbreak of the war.Improvements in or Connected with the Waving of Natural Hair on the Head. British patent GB000191408117A , submitted March 31, 1914, approved June 24, 1915. When World War I broke out, Nessler was interned and his assets were confiscated as alien property. In 1915, he emigrated to the United States, where he learned that counterfeited copies of his invention were already being sold. In April 1919, his improved Hair Curler was filed at the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
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In 2010 a Norwegian tabloid Dagens Næringsliv article covering ebook copyright violation, Ragde commented when asked about her own lifestyle stance to unauthorized items, that she had bought a counterfeited Prada handbag, her son Jo further added "You have a pirated MP3 collection, we copied the first 1500 songs from one place and 300 from another". Ragde had earlier in the interview expressed great concern over the online ebook file sharing and claimed "I have figured out that I’ve lost half a million kroner ($72,500) on piracy of my books, maybe more".
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Coins could be counterfeited, but the existence of standard coins also created a new unit of account, which helped lead to banking. Archimedes' principle provided the next link: coins could now be easily tested for their fine weight of the metal, and thus the value of a coin could be determined, even if it had been shaved, debased or otherwise tampered with (see Numismatics). The world's oldest coin, created in the ancient Kingdom of Lydia. Most major economies using coinage had several tiers of coins of different values, made of copper, silver, and gold.
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The United States Secret Service is the agency within the United States' government tasked with the protection of U.S. currency. The Secret Service has jurisdiction over violations involving the counterfeiting of United States obligations and securities. Some of the counterfeited United States obligations and securities commonly investigated by the Secret Service include U.S. currency (to include coins), U.S. Treasury checks, Department of Agriculture food coupons and U.S. postage stamps. The United States Secret Service was created by Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War in 1865 to combat the high counterfeit rate of currency.
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The 100 baht banknotes of Series 9 were heavily counterfeited, so the multi-colored banknotes with the base color of red were needed. Series 10 consisted of only the 100 baht denomination printed by De La Rue, first issued in 1968. Series 11 began with 5 and 10 baht notes issued in 1969, 20 baht notes in 1971, and 100 baht notes in 1972. Five hundred baht banknotes were printed for the first time in 1975 when the production process, designing, engraving, and issuance of notes, shifted to Thailand's own note printing works.
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It is highly improbable that the minutes were counterfeited just for the defense of the accused. The point is that Rosenblatt was at the meeting for its entirety (until 10 pm), as can be shown by both the witnesses and the fact that his words were recorded twice in the minutes. There would have been no way for him to get to Tel Aviv to commit the murder by then. Also, the minutes were taken by a temporary secretary because the permanent secretary was religious and didn't write from Friday night until Saturday night.
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Coins could be counterfeited, but they also created a new unit of account, which helped lead to banking. Archimedes' principle provided the next link: coins could now be easily tested for their fine weight of the metal, and thus the value of a coin could be determined, even if it had been shaved, debased or otherwise tampered with (see Numismatics). In most major economies using coinage, copper, silver, and gold formed three tiers of coins. Gold coins were used for large purchases, payment of the military, and backing of state activities.
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Section 2315 of Title 18, the receipt and "fencing" offense, consists of three different paragraphs. The first paragraph relates to the receipt and disposition of the proceeds of a theft or fraud having a value of $5,000 or more. It also prohibits the pledging or accepting as security for a loan such stolen property having a value of $500. The second paragraph contains similar elements as the first paragraph except it relates to falsely made, forged, altered, or counterfeited securities or tax stamps and does not require a stated monetary value.
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In 1811 the Junta Patriótica de Cartagena (Cartagena Patriotic Council) authorized coins of 1/2 and 2 reales, and for want of silver they were minted in copper. A law of 23 March 1812 authorized the government of Cartagena to issue up to 300,000 pesos fuertes (strong pesos) in notes of one real, and this issue was guaranteed by the Constitution of the State of Cartagena de Indias, passed on 14 June. The general public, accustomed to metallic currency, avoided the paper money. To make matters worse, the notes were easily counterfeited.
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The South Carolina Office of Secretary of State oversees organizations that provides in registration of companies, non profit organizations, partnerships, employment agencies, state trademarks and business opportunities. The secretary of state also has authority of issuing cable franchise applications and certificates, annexations of land, and investigations of counterfeited finances. The office is composed of five organizations: the Business Filings Division, the Trademarks Division, the Charities Division, Notaries, and the Cable Franchise, are set to deliver regulation and composure of records to accommodate each division to taxpayers, businesses, charities, banks, and the government.
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During the American Civil War, the Confederate States dollar was heavily counterfeited by private interests on the Union side, often without the sanction of the Union government in Washington. The Confederacy's access to modern printing technology was limited while many Northern-made imitations were printed on high quality banknote paper procured through extralegal means. As a result, counterfeit Southern notes were often equal or even superior in quality compared to genuine Confederate money. In 1834, counterfeit copper coins manufactured in the United States were seized from several ships with American flags in Brazil.
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Although in the form of a promissory note, namely a promise by the colonial government to pay the soldiers when more coinage was available, the playing cards began to circulate as a medium of exchange. This was the first issue of paper money by a Western government. The card money did not meet with the approval of the French government, which was concerned that the cards were too easily counterfeited, and discouraged the colonial authorities from issuing the card money. Nonetheless, even when more coins did arrive from France, the cards continued to be used.
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Stephen's silver dinars bearing the inscriptions STEPHANUS REX ("King Stephen") and REGIA CIVITAS ("royal city") were popular in contemporary Europe, as demonstrated by counterfeited copies unearthed in Sweden. Stephen convinced some pilgrims and merchants to settle in Hungary. Gerard, a Benedictine monk who arrived in Hungary from the Republic of Venice between 1020 and 1026, initially planned to continue his journey to the Holy Land, but decided to stay in the country after his meeting with the king. Stephen also established a number of Benedictine monasteriesincluding the abbeys at Pécsvárad, Zalavár and Bakonybélin this period.
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The Arabic MSS of Ali Baba he discovered at the Bodleian Library was later found to be counterfeited. But he did successfully prove that the ‘Tunisian MSS’ which Maximilian Habicht claimed to find and use for his Breslau Nights edition was a fake. MacDonald planned to prepare a critical edition of the only extensively surviving medieval manuscript of the Nights, the three-volume Galland Manuscript. However, nothing came out of it, and this critical edition was produced by Muhsin Mahdi (with reference to MacDonald's notes) only in 1984.
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The police tolerate the level of gambling in pachinko parlors. For example, in May 2005, a parlor in Kanagawa Prefecture reported to the local police that someone had counterfeited their tokens and made off with the equivalent of US$60,000 in cash by trading them in at their nearby exchange center. Even with such information proving that this parlor was illegally operating an exchange center, which by law must be independent from the parlor, the police did not shut them both down, but instead only worked to track down the thief in question.
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The ŭnbyŏng was also counterfeited, and had been since its inception; as the ŭnbyŏng became increasingly debased with copper, its value decreased, and by 1328 the value of one ŭnbyŏng of the highest quality dropped to 10 bolts of cloth. In 1331, the Goryeo government abolished the ŭnbyŏng and replaced it with the miniaturized "so ŭnbyŏng" (), which was valued at 15 bolts of cloth. Yuan paper money was introduced to Goryeo in 1270. In 1287, the Yuan dynasty decreed the use of the Zhiyuan baochao () and Zhongtong baochao () in Goryeo.
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Nevertheless, beans were frequently counterfeited by filling empty cacao shells with dirt or mud. Cacao was commonly drunk as cacahuatl, "cacao water", and was the beverage of warriors and nobles. It was considered a potent intoxicant and something that was drunk with great solemnity and gravity and was described as something "not drunk unthinkingly" by the Spanish chronicler Sahagún. Chocolate could be prepared in a huge variety of ways and most of them involved mixing hot or tepid water with toasted and ground cacao beans, maize and any number of flavorers such as chili, honey, vanilla and a wide variety of spices.
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Five Coins were issued for circulation via Woolworths and were made available in packs of the 5 coins on the 27 July 2016. A Paralympic Games coin was issued on the 22 August 2016. When the coin was introduced there were complaints that the coin was too small for its value and was easily lost, or counterfeited by placing two 5 cent pieces together and colouring them gold. However, with an uninterrupted milling on the 5-cent, and the 2 dollars having 5 grooves in 4 lots separated by 7 mm length of the side, identification is easy.
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The ordinances mobilized the students as volunteer soldiers for form's sake; in reality, the military authorities ordered schools to force almost all students to "volunteer" as soldiers; sometimes they counterfeited the necessary documents. About half of the Tekketsu Kinnōtai were killed, including in suicide bomb attacks against tanks, and in guerrilla operations. Between the 21 male and female secondary schools that made up these student corps, 2,000 students would die on the battlefield. Even with the female students acting mainly as nurses to Japanese soldiers they would still be exposed to the harsh conditions of war.
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The main reason to introduce the new card was to reduce the number of separate documents required by citizens in dealings with the various institutions of the state. The CC is a smart card with a data storage chip capable of storing encrypted personal data. According to the Portuguese government, this device guarantees its privacy: for example, stored medical information cannot be accessed by officials with access to the financial database of the citizen, to prevent abuse of power in obtaining data and protecting citizens' privacy. Another problem with the Bilhete de Identidade was that it was widely counterfeited.
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Zhou made a second attempt to reenter mainland China on 28 September 2008, but he was intercepted by immigration department officials at the Hong Kong Macau Ferry Terminal, on suspicion of entering Hong Kong using a counterfeited travel document. He had travelled from the United States to Macao, using a Malaysian passport purchased from a travel agent in Los Angeles. The passport was in the name of Wang Xingxiang, a known alias of Zhong Gong leader Zhang Hongbao. He had repeatedly been denied requests for an official permit to return to China by the Chinese authorities.
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Hofmann himself was subsequently injured when a third bomb went off prematurely in his car. That bomb exploded in a way that most of the blast did not hit Hofmann. The police investigated these bombings, and during a search of Hofmann's home found a studio in the basement where he could create counterfeited documents as well as a semi- automatic carbine which had been converted to full automatic fire. Many of the documents Hofmann sold or donated were proven to be forgeries by a new forensic technique developed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, chiefly to detect his forgeries.
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They came in three values, one and two metallik and one grosion (equivalent to four metallik or one piastre), and seven colors (orange, green, yellow, rose, lilac, blue, and black). A third set was issued using a variation of this design, adding five-pointed stars in the frame around the trident, and was printed in blue, rose, green, and lilac. The stamps also received a violet or blue control mark, in the form of a double eagle, before being issued. They are known without the control mark, and have been extensively counterfeited as, for example, in the example shown in the picture above.
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Robert Borden is featured on the obverse of the brown $100 banknote, which has the Canada goose on its reverse. Yves Baril also engraved this portrait, and the banknote also depicts a vignette of the Centre Block with the Peace Tower flying the Union Jack, which was flown on all federal buildings from 1904 to 1945. The banknote was introduced on 3 December 1990 and withdrawn on 17 March 2004. Many merchants, including Food Basics, Jumbo Video, McDonald's Canada, No Frills, Shoppers Drug Mart, and Tim Hortons, stopped accepting the $100 banknote in 2001 as it became increasingly counterfeited.
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Law 35 also provides trademark protection, simplifying the process of registering trademarks and making them renewable for ten-year periods. The law's most important feature is the granting of ex officio authority to government agencies to conduct investigations and to seize materials suspected of being counterfeited. Decrees 123 of November 1996 and 79 of August 1997 specify the procedures to be followed by Customs and CFZ officials in conducting investigations and confiscating merchandise. In 1997, the Customs Directorate created a special office for IPR enforcement, followed by a similar office created by the CFZ in 1998.
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Anton Piller orders are known in France and Belgium as saisie-contrefaçon (literally, "infringement seizure") ordersin Belgium also as saisie-description (literally, "descriptive seizure") orders. The court order may only allow the description of the alleged counterfeited goods and processes, with the aim of obtaining evidence of infringement, or may additionally allow real seizure to take place in addition to the description measures.Pierre Véron, Benefiting from National Procedures , IBC Conference 15 & 16 May 2000, International Patent Disputes, Paris, Multinational Actions and Tactics. Such a seizure is enforced by a bailiff, usually accompanied by at least one expert.
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He attended the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts and traveled to Europe with the aid of scholarships that allowed him to refine his craft. Friends close to Gasparro had serious suspicion regarding close ties he established to organized crime while in Italy but he routinely denied any connection. John Edgar Hoover, Director of the FBI during Gasparro's tenure at the Mint, was often suspicious of Gasparro's intentions. Hoover was concerned Gasparro was being influenced by an Italian crime family in the town of Bari to design coins with details easily counterfeited by Italian Crime families.
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The Mandrill created Black Spectre by organizing his female followers, disguising themselves as men using bulky armor. He plotted to use Black Spectre to confuse America through terrorism and racism, instilling chaos in the world and intending to rule it after anarchy ensues. Agents of Black Spectre stole printing plates during a battle between Daredevil and Beetle, and then organized a riot over the counterfeited money they secretly made and distributed. During the riot, Nekra captured Black Widow and returned her to the Mandrill, while Beetle and Daredevil disrupted the Black Spectre agents and sent them fleeing.
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The State Security Service detains the photographer Gwendoleit, who as courier was supposed to bring counterfeited documents and numberplates to Leipzig and moreover to get active there as photographer. Because the State Security Service neither knows, with whom Gwendoleit wants to meet in Leipzig, nor what the photo subject was, the security agent Alexander Berg takes up the identity of Gwendoleit, although he actually planned tripping to Oberhof for winter holidays. In Leipzig Helma Sibelka appears and hands over a deposit for the passports and the numberplates to Alexander. Berg refuses the delivery of the passports, that she only will get when the full amount is paid.
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But Hume goes on to note that benevolence and anger are (despite the talk of "mixture") not an "essential part" of love and hatred; instead, they are distinct passions of their own that only happen to be naturally conjoined with the sensations of love and hatred, just as hunger is naturally conjoined with an empty stomach. Next come pity and malice. Like benevolence and anger, they are motivational desires aimed at bringing about another's happiness or misery; but unlike benevolence and anger, they apply quite generally—not only to those we love or hate, but even to complete strangers. Thus Hume calls them "counterfeited" versions of benevolence and anger.
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Drug manufacturers and distributors are increasingly investing in countermeasures, such as traceability and authentication technologies, to try to minimise the impact of counterfeit drugs.Mark Davison, "Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting: Combating the Real Danger from Fake Drugs", Wiley, 2011, 426pp Antibiotics with insufficient quantities of an active ingredient add to the problem of antibiotic resistance.Counterfeit drugs: 'People are dying every day' BBC Legitimate, correctly labeled, low-cost generic drugs are not counterfeit or fake (although they can be counterfeited), but can be caught up in anticounterfeiting enforcement measures.Kaitlin Mara, Coverage Of Anti- Counterfeit Policy Debate Varies Widely Across Global Media, Intellectual Property Watch, August 2, 2010.
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The Commonwealth had been forced to rely on Russia for protection against the rising Kingdom of Prussia, which demanded a slice of the northwest in order to unite its Western and Eastern portions; this would leave the Commonwealth with a Baltic coast only in Latvia and Lithuania. Catherine had to use diplomacy to win Austria to her side. The Commonwealth had remained neutral in the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), yet it sympathized with the alliance of France, Austria, and Russia, and allowed Russian troops access to its western lands as bases against Prussia. Frederick II retaliated by ordering enough Polish currency counterfeited to severely affect the Polish economy.
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Union des Fabricants (Unifab) was created by several pharmaceutical manufacturers in 1872, when they realised that their products were being counterfeited in Germany and came together to create the "Charte de l'Union des Fabricants". Unifab began working for the international protection of intellectual property and for the fight against counterfeiting. It took part in drawing up the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883) and the Madrid Arrangement concerning international trademark registration (1891). Encouraged by these successes, it helped to draw up a large number of bilateral treaties to increase the protection of industrial property between France and Austria, Portugal, the United States, Greece, Peru, Russia, etc.
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The banknotes in the series with the holographic metallic stripe were counterfeited by "well-organized, well-financed groups" having the resources and time to replicate the security features. The $5 and $10 denominations released earlier, lacking the metallic stripe and other security features, were a common target of counterfeiters. One of the largest counterfeit operations in Canada was discovered in Toronto, which by the time of its dismantling in 2006 had released counterfeit $10, $20, $50 and $100 banknotes with a face value over $9 million. The operation was also beginning production of counterfeit United States Federal Reserve Notes and traded in fraudulent payment cards and identity documents.
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Grey discusses how often sellers will be overlooked by watch-groups as buying fakes from a distributor in China is less suspicious than other, more extreme criminal activity. The cause and effect of this discounting of crime is giving sellers money to partake in terrorism, human trafficking and child labour. These sellers are difficult to track due to counterfeited shipping papers (they can not be tracked by customs) and fake brands masquerading as a non-descript fashion company that is actually full of fake luxury. Seized fake handbags at U.S. border Goods have been brought into the United States without the logos adorned on them in order to get past customs.
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In April 2002, The Daily Telegraph reported that unscrupulous middlemen were offering supposedly duty-free Regal and Silk Cut cigarettes to consumers. These products turned out to be illegally counterfeited in Chinese factories on the border between Fujian and Guangdong provinces, and were highly toxic. Alongside the health risks of smoking, the cigarettes were produced in unhygienic factory conditions and included tobacco sweepings, sawdust, dirt, banned chemicals, as well as high levels of tar and nicotine. These counterfeits cost £2.5 billion in lost revenue in 2001, and were thought to account for 'at least a quarter of all the cigarettes smoked in Britain' in that year, according to HM Treasury.
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The term's pejorative use appears to have originated with the city's brief 17th-century reputation for counterfeited groats. Birmingham's expanding metal industries included the manufacture of weapons. In 1636, one Benjamin Stone petitioned that a large number of swords, which he claimed to have made, should be purchased for the use in the King's service; but in 1637, the Worshipful Company of Cutlers, in London, countered this by stating that these were actually "bromedgham blades" and foreign blades, and that the former "are no way serviceable or fit for his Majesty's store".Calendar of State Papers, Domestic series, of the reign of Charles I, page 105, paragraph 47 at archive.
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Most deceptions relate to actual or supposed facts, or to an existing state of affairs, but this is distinguished from a false statement of opinion which, no matter how persuasive, is not a deception. Deception offences include situations where the defendant represents that counterfeited goods are genuine items, or misrepresents their identity (e.g., R v Barnard,R v Barnard (1837) 7 C & P 784, (1837) 173 ER 342 where the defendant represented that he was a student to an Oxford bookshop to qualify for their scheme of discounting books to students), or asserts that an envelope contains money. Statements may appear equivocal and still be a deception.
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Teardowns can also play a part in evidence of use in court and litigation proceedings where a company's parts may have been used without their permission, counterfeited, or to show where intellectual property or patents might be infringed by another firm's part or system. Identifying semiconductor components in systems has become more difficult over the past years. The most notable change started with Apple's 8GB iPod nano,CODECs WM8750 Wolfson Microelectronics which were repackaged with Apple branding. This makes it more difficult to identify the actual device manufacturer and function of the component without performing a 'decap' – removing the outer packaging to analyze the die within it.
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An imitation Adidas tennis shoe marketed under the name "Adibos" while using Adidas' logo In the Western world in countries such as the United States, shanzhai products are often viewed as humorous fakes due to their common use of misspelled or comical names imitating those of real companies. Generally, shanzhai products are viewed in the West as low-quality, cheap, and fake. The influence of this view of shanzhai goods has led to the perception among some that all Chinese-produced goods are low quality or are fakes of foreign goods. Shanzhai products are negatively perceived by many companies whose products have been counterfeited, both in China and abroad.
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Neiman Marcus introduced the first giftcard using a payments infrastructure in late 1994, though Blockbuster Entertainment was the first company to do so on a wide scale, test-marketing them in 1995 and launching them around the country the next year. In the beginning, the Blockbuster giftcard replaced gift certificates that were being counterfeited with recently introduced color copiers and color printers. Blockbuster's first giftcard transactions were processed by what was then Nabanco of Sunrise, Florida Nabanco was the developer of the first third-party platform for the processing of gift cards using existing payment infrastructure. Neiman Marcus and Blockbuster were later followed by the Mobil gas card, which initially offered prepaid phone value provided by MCI.
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As national currencies can be counterfeited, so too can private currencies, and private currencies are subject to other criminal issues, including fraud. The Liberty Dollar was a commodity-backed private currency created by Bernard von NotHaus and issued between 1998 and 2009. In 2011, von NotHaus was arrested and subsequently convicted on charges of money laundering, mail fraud, wire fraud, counterfeiting, and conspiracy. The charges stemmed from the government view that the Liberty silver coins too closely resembled official coinage. In 2007, Angel Cruz, founder of The United Cities Corporation (TUC), announced he was establishing an alternative "asset based" currency named "United States Private Dollars"."Florida man launches 'United States Private Dollar'", Daily Kos, August 25, 2007.
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The first halfpennies and farthings with the head of George II's grandson and successor, King George III (1760–1820), were issued in 1771, the year Parliament made it a felony to counterfeit copper coin. This had little effect; large quantities were melted down for lightweight imitations, though the farthing was less counterfeited than the halfpenny. This first series of George III farthings, struck in 1771 and 1773–1775, had a weight of 4.3–5.3 grams, with diameter 23–24 millimetres. The obverse, designed by Richard Yeo or Thomas Pingo depicts a right-facing bust of the king, with the inscription GEORGIVS III REX, while no significant change was made to the reverse.
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The journalist Lawrence Malkin, who wrote a history of Operation Bernhard, writes that prisoners considered this to have the tacit approval of Krüger, who would face front-line duty if Operation Bernhard ended. In August 1944 Salomon Smolianoff, a convicted forger, was added to the production team at Sachsenhausen to aid the counterfeiting of US dollars, although he also assisted in quality control for the pound notes. The Jewish prisoners working on the operation at the time complained to Krüger at having to work with a criminal, so he was given his own room to sleep in. In late 1944 the prisoners had counterfeited the reverse of the dollar, and the obverse by January 1945.
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Counterfeiting currency is alleged to have begun in the 1970s under Kim Jong-il's direction; however, the notes produced at the time were not of high quality. Since then, and within the jurisdiction of Room 39, the North Korean government has counterfeited $50 and $100 United States banknotes using increasingly sophisticated techniques. In 1994, authorities in Hong Kong and Macao apprehended five North Korean diplomats and trade-mission members carrying around $430,000 in bills that turned out to be "superdollar" (also called "supernote") counterfeits. There have been two primary reasons for counterfeiting: the first is to wage economic warfare against the United States, and secondly, to help ease North Korea's domestic economic problems.
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Due to section 374 of the Patriot Act, the definition of domestic counterfeiting now encompasses analog, digital, or electronic image reproductions and the penalties are set out in various parts of the U.S. Code. Penalties for domestic counterfeiting were increased to 20 years imprisonment for the counterfeiting of obligations or securities, and also for passing off counterfeited currency. It also makes it an offense to own an analog, digital, or electronic image of any obligation or other security of the United States, to make an impression of tools that are used to make such an obligation or possess or sell impressions of tools used for obligations or securities. The penalties for such violations of the law are severe: offenders will be imprisoned for up to 25 years.
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In critical theory, citationality sometimes refers to Jacques Derrida's notion of iterability from his essay "Signature Event Context",See Derrida, Limited Inc, edited by Gerald Graff (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1988), 18: "And if one maintains that ordinary language, or the ordinary circumstances of language, exclude a general citationality or iterability ...". where he argued that the essential feature of a signature was that it had a recognizable form and could be repeated. As soon as a signature has a recognizable and repeatable form, however, it can also be copied or counterfeited. In other words, although a signature is supposed to testify to the presence of an authentic original intention, it simultaneously sets up the possibility of an inauthentic copy.
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Counterfeit sports shoes Counterfeit Rolex watches Rayban, Rolex, Supreme and Louis Vuitton are the most copied brands worldwide, with Nike being the most counterfeited brand globally according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Counterfeit clothes, shoes, jewelry and handbags from designer brands are made in varying quality; sometimes the intent is only to fool the gullible buyer who only looks at the label and does not know what the real thing looks like, while others put some serious effort into mimicking fashion details. Others realize that most consumers do not care if the goods they buy are counterfeit and just wish to purchase inexpensive products. The popularity of designer jeans in 1978, spurred a flood of knockoffs.
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Table salt (sodium chloride), dissolved in nitric acid, caused silver chloride to precipitate, which could be recovered as metallic silver through the use of zinc and sulfuric acid. This was a further refinement of the parting process; the director of the Monnaie de Paris, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, had first used a salt solution as an easy, accurate means of assaying silver. A Senate report in 1873 stated that Peale's advancement of this process "attests to his genius, enterprise, and high attainments". When there were calls in Congress in 1836 for a two-cent piece to be made of debased silver, or billon, Patterson had Peale, working with Second Engraver Christian Gobrecht, strike pattern coins to show that the coins would be easily counterfeited using base metals.
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Patterson sent a brass button with two of the billon planchets that would have been used for the coin to Tracy, showing how hard it would be to prevent counterfeiting. The Mint considered a two-cent piece in 1836, and experiments were conducted by Second Engraver Christian Gobrecht and Melter and Refiner Franklin Peale. The piece was to be again of billon, and provision for the coin was included in early drafts of the Mint Act of 1837, but the proposal was dropped when Peale was able to show that the coin could be easily counterfeited. 1836 pattern for the two-cent piece Until 1857, the cent coin was a large copper piece, containing about its face value in metal.
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The eighth banknote series possesses at least eighteen security features.An overview of the security features , Swiss National Bank (page visited on 11 October 2013). According to the 2008 edition of Guinness World Records, the eighth series of Swiss franc notes is the most secure in the world with up to 18 security features including a tilting digit, which can only be seen from an unusual angle, a UV digit that can only be seen under ultraviolet light and micro text. According to the central bank, the ratio of counterfeited bank notes is about 1 in 100,000 of real bank notes for the Swiss franc, of 1 in 20,000 for the euro, of 1 in 10,000 for the United States dollar and of 1 in 3,333 for the pound sterling.
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The security features in the Frontier series make counterfeiting the banknotes more difficult than counterfeiting banknotes from earlier series. By late 2011, the $100 banknote had been counterfeited, and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police arrested four individuals of a counterfeiting operation in Richmond, British Columbia, and seized partially completed, counterfeit $100 banknotes with a face value of $1.2million. In May 2013, counterfeit $100 banknotes were found in circulation in New Westminster and other parts of the Lower Mainland in British Columbia. They were described by New Westminster police sergeant Diana McDaniel as "very well done", but they were missing three security features in the reproduction—a line of printed numerals in the transparent window, the flag atop the East Block in the lower metallic foil, and the raised ink.
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"Poison pills" Economist magazine, September 2, 2010 Other prescription drugs that have been counterfeited are Plavix, used to treat blood clots, Zyprexa for schizophrenia, Casodex, used to treat prostate cancer, Tamiflu, used to treat influenza, including Swine flu, and Aricept, used to treat Alzheimers."News Releases" U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, January 15, 2009 The EU reported that as of 2005 India was by far the biggest supplier of fake drugs, accounting for 75 percent of the global cases of counterfeit medicine. However, many drugs and other consumer products that were supposedly made in India, were actually made in China and imported into India."Customs seize Chinese cargo with fake 'made-in-India' products", The Times of India, July 17, 2009 Another 7% came from Egypt and 6% from China.
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Major League Baseball started running an authentication program in 2001 after the FBI discovered during an investigation that 75 percent of autographs purported to be from MLB players and other personnel were fake. The organization has had a long-running issue with counterfeiting in general, which peaks during the postseason. For example, during the 2011 National League Championship Series between the St Louis Cardinals and the Milwaukee Brewers, MLB officials confiscated over 5,000 counterfeited items, with more than 80 percent being found in the vicinity of Busch Stadium. The largest haul is during the World Series, when thousands of knock-off jerseys, caps, bags, and other items of merchandise are seized. During the San Francisco Giants’ 2014 World Series race, United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents seized over 2,700 pieces of counterfeit MLB merchandise in the San Francisco Bay Area.
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Gwen experiences two more uncontrolled jumps through time, during the third of which she witnesses herself, or a double of hers, kissing a boy she has never met at a ball in the 1700s. After her third jump, Gwen’s best friend Lesley convinces her to tell her mother, who had apparently counterfeited Gwen’s birth documents to protect her from the Guardians. The Lodge is skeptical of the circumstances, but decide to watch Gwen to confirm that she has in fact inherited the time travel gene. Gwen travels through time once more and is finally acknowledged as the final time traveler, the twelfth, whose symbolic gem is the Ruby. Gwen’s blood is fed to the chronograph, the time travel machine that contains secrets of its own, so that she can use it to travel through time smoothly and avoid uncontrolled jumps.
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Mister 880 is a 1950 American comedy film about an amateurish counterfeiter who counterfeits only one dollar bills, and manages to elude the Secret Service for 10 years. It was directed by Edmund Goulding, and stars Burt Lancaster, Dorothy McGuire, Edmund Gwenn, and Millard Mitchell. The film is based on the true story of Emerich Juettner, known by the alias Edward Mueller, an elderly man who counterfeited just enough money to survive, was careful where and when he spent his fake dollar bills, and was therefore able to elude authorities for ten years, despite the poor quality of his fakes, and despite growing interest in his case. The film was based on an article by St. Clair McKelway that was first published in The New Yorker and later collected in McKelway's book True Tales from the Annals of Crime & Rascality.
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Son of the Lyonese playwright and stage manager Alexandre-Henri Nicolaïe dit Clairville (died 1832),Reconstructed archives of the city of Paris, file 7/51, he began in 1821 in Paris at the Luxembourg Theater as actor with Madame Saqui, then as stage manager and finally, from 1837, exclusively as playwright.. He later joined the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique, playing small roles and developed his craft as a playwright, finding that to be his true vocation. He first conceived a revue titled 1836 dans la lune, the success of which would launch his career. His plays included comedies, serious plays, revues, féeries, satires and parodies. He is credited with at least 230 miscellaneous pieces of which 50 have reached one hundred representations followed.Arnold Mortier, in his Soirées parisiennes 1874-1884, called him "The man with inexhaustible cards" but concluded that some of these plays may have been counterfeited.
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The majority of Shakespeare's tragedies are based on historical figures, with the exception of Measure for Measure and Othello, which are based on narrative fictions by Giraldi Cintio. The historical basis for Shakespeare's Roman plays comes from The Lives of Noble Grecians and Romans by Plutarch, whereas the source of Shakespeare's Britain based plays and Hamlet (based on the Danish Prince Amleth) derive from Holinshed's Chronicles. Furthermore, the French author Belleforest published The Hystorie of Hamblet, Prince of Denmarke in 1582 which includes specifics from how the prince counterfeited to be mad, to how the prince stabbed and killed the King's counsellor who was eavesdropping on Hamlet and his mother behind the arras in the Queen's chamber. The story of Lear appears in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia regium Britanniae , and then in John Higgins' poem The Mirror for Magistrates in 1574, as well as appearing in Holinshed's Chronicles in 1587.
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Both sides claimed success – with Cisco asserting that "completion of lawsuit marks a victory for the protection of intellectual property rights", and Huawei's partner 3Com (which was not a part of lawsuit) noting that court order prevented Cisco from bringing another case against Huawei asserting the same or substantially similar claims. Although Cisco employees allegedly witnessed counterfeited technology as late as September 2005, in a retrospective Cisco's Corporate Counsel noted, "Cisco was portrayed by the Chinese media as a bullying multi-national corporation" and "the damage to Cisco's reputation in China outweighed any benefit achieved through the lawsuit". Huawei's chief representative in the U.S. subsequently claimed that Huawei had been vindicated in the case, breaking a confidentiality clause of Huawei's settlement with Cisco. In response, Cisco revealed parts of the independent expert's report produced for the case which proved that Huawei had stolen Cisco code and directly copied it into their products.
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Two weeks ago, still in the port of Salerno, the specialists of the Organized Crime Investigation Group (GICO) of the Guardia di Finanza, detected and seized another container with a roofing load consisting of counterfeited clothing, hiding 2,800 kg of hashish and 190 kg of amphetamines (over 1 million tablets) with the very same symbol (captagon). As for the final dealer, no single criminal group can afford a 1-billion purchase, so the investigators think about a "Consortium" of criminal groups, both for the total value of shipments, and for distribution on the reference markets (85 million tablets can satisfy a European market). The hypothesis is that during the lockdown, due to the emergency worldwide epidemiology, the production and distribution of drugs in Europe has practically stopped and therefore to the recovery many traffickers, even in consortium, have turned to Syria, whose production does not seem to have slowed down. Further investigations are ongoing to identify all the entities linked to this extraordinary seizure.
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