Peduncles slender, simple or bifid. Fruiting raceme stout. > Peduncles 1½ inches long, often bifid.
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The bifid uvula of a 24-year-old woman A bifid or bifurcated uvula is a split or cleft uvula. Newborns with cleft palate often also have a split uvula. The bifid uvula results from incomplete fusion of the palatine shelves but it is considered only a slight form of clefting. Bifid uvulas have less muscle in them than a normal uvula, which may cause recurring problems with middle ear infections.
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The prepollex (the "spikethumb") in males is massive and bifid.
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The secondary penis had glans but without urinary meatus. (Refer Figure 1.) (C) Complete bifid diphallia with associated anomalies A 12-year-old boy, associated with bifid scrotum, epispadia and pubic symphysis diastasis. He had two separate penises, similar in size and shape, each penis had an epispadia urethral meatus. He had bifid scrotum, one testicle on each side of the scrotum.
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A few examples display an unusual characteristic, a split or bifid nose.
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The first bifid neuropodial lobes appear on the twenty-first setigerous segment.
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The anal and ventral fins are yellowish. The caudal fin is clearly bifid.
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Seeds with a long wing at each end, the lower wing deeply bifid.
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No hind wings. Dorso-apical lobe bifid at apex. Apex of aedeagus truncate.
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The specific name bifidilobatus is due to bifid apex of the dorso-apical lobe.
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True diphallia can be either complete with both penises similar in size, or partial when one of the phallia is smaller in size or immature, though structurally same as the larger phallus. In bifid phallus, each phallus has only one corpus cavernosum and one corpus spongiosum containing a urethra. When the separation of penises is way down to base of penile shaft, is complete bifid; whereas to glans is partial bifid. For complete bifid phallus associated with anomalies, the anterior urethra is absent from each penis and the prostatic urethra is situated in the skin between the two penises.
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With two angles. Bicuspid or bicuspidate. Having two cusps. Bifid. Having two arms or prongs. Bifurcated.
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The petals are pale pink, bifid, with deep oval lobes. Flowers bloom from June to August.
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A bifid rib is a congenital abnormality of the rib cage and associated muscles and nerves which occurs in about 1.2% of humans. Bifid ribs occur in up to 8.4% of Samoans. The sternal end of the rib is cleaved into two. It is usually unilateral.
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The tongue may be absent, hypoplastic, bifid, or even duplicated. People with this condition may be tongue-tied.
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Like all female marsupials, the females reproductive system is bifid, with two lateral vaginae, uteri, and ovaries. The male's penis is also bifid, with two heads, and as is common in New World marsupials, the sperm pair up in the testes and only separate as they come close to the egg.
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Flowers and seeds are creamy yellowish. Styles are bifid (branching in 2). Steinmann, Victor W., & Richard S. Felger 1998.
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Other signs and symptoms include short stature, bifid uvula, hip dislocation, scoliosis or kyphosis, or syndactyly. Intelligence is not affected.
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The oblique columella is reflexed, with a bifid tooth at the lower edge. The umbilical cavity is deep, narrow and dentate.
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The apex is rounded, and has attached to it the tendon of the external anal sphincter. It may be bifid (divided into two).
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The hind claw is short and straight. The curved upper beak has the nostril opening exposed. The tongue is bifid at the tip.
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Chrysanthia viridissima can grow up to long.Commanster These beetles have a soft and rather elongated bodies. The head is elongated. The mandibles are bifid.
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Bifid uvula is a common symptom of the rare genetic syndrome Loeys–Dietz syndrome, which is associated with an increased risk of aortic aneurysm.
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Diseases include bifid uvula, cleft palate and carcinoma. If cranial nerve 10 is injured, the soft palate does not rise when the mouth is opened.
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Flos diardi, the bifid plushblue, is a species of lycaenid or blue butterfly found in Asia. The species was first described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1862.
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The current widely accepted classification, introduced by Aleem in 1972, classifies double penis into two groups: true diphallia and bifid phallus. True diphallia is caused by cleavage of pubic tubercle; bifid phallus is caused by separation of pubic tubercle. Each of these two groups is further subdivided into partial or complete. True diphallia is where each phallus has two corpora cavernosa and a single corpus spongiosum containing a urethra.
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Ovary incompletely 4-locular. Ovules 4. Style terminal on the ovary, bifid. Fruit a drupe, usually with 4 grooves or lobes, 4-seeded (rarely 2-seeded by abortion).
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Before molecular data was more readily available, classification systems such as that of Kükenthal placed R.alba within Rhynchospora subg. Diplostylae based on its tubercle and bifid style. How the tribe Rhynchosporae was related to other groups within the Cyperaceae was less clear, with Kükenthal suggesting they formed their own clade, others suggesting they were part of the larger Cyperaceae tribe Schoenae. A recent molecular phylogeny suggests that Rhynchosporae are a separate but closely related clade to the Schoenae. Molecular studies within the Rhynchosporae, however, reveal that Kükenthal’s widely accepted classification holds less well – neither Haplostylae nor Diplostylae are monophyletic, and there appear to be multiple conversions between bifid and non-bifid styles throughout the genus.
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Head bifid, with conical lobes. Body granular with minute white conical tubercles. There are small faint white and pink lines laterally. Pupation occurs in a cocoon made by debris.
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Diphallia is usually accompanied by systemic anomalies, their extent varies, ranging from no associated anomaly to multiple anomalies including urogenital, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal systems. Penile duplication also varies from a single penis with double glans to complete double penises. The meatus may be normal at tip of glans, hypospadiac, or epispadiac; the scrotum may be normal or bifid. True diphallia is more likely accompanied with associated anomalies and malformations compared with bifid phallus.
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In classical cryptography, the bifid cipher is a cipher which combines the Polybius square with transposition, and uses fractionation to achieve diffusion. It was invented around 1901 by Felix Delastelle.
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Woody lianas; climbing by hooks formed from reduced, modified branches. Stipules entire or bifid. Inflorescences are compact heads at the ends of horizontal, very reduced branches. Corolla lobes without appendages.
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The terminal scute also is laterally compressed, with two superposed points. The points are simple, bifid, or trifid.Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History).
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Edosa opsigona is a moth of the family Tineidae first described by Edward Meyrick in 1911. It is found in Sri Lanka. Male genitalia with long, apically bifid uncus. Apex pointed.
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The stamen is 8–15 mm long, and can be acute or bifid at the apex. Lastly, the A. Pubescens have four ovules, which enables them produce maximum amount of seeds.
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A bifid sternum is an extremely rare congenital abnormality caused by the fusion failure of the sternum. This condition results in sternal cleft which can be observed at birth without any symptom.
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A dark green patch found just posterior to the orbicular. The caterpillar has a distinct berry-shaped tumidity on its thoracic region. Only primary setae present. Bifid prominence and anal claspers dull black.
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Ventral side of palpi, thorax and base of wings silvery white. left The larva are slender, with a green body. Head strongly bifid (cleft). True legs are pale purplish red with darker spots.
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Dimples are usually located on mobile tissue, and are possibly caused by variations in the structure of the facial muscle known as zygomaticus major. Specifically, the presence of a double or bifid zygomaticus major muscle may explain the formation of cheek dimples. This bifid variation of the muscle originates as a single structure from the zygomatic bone. As it travels anteriorly, it then divides with a superior bundle that inserts in the typical position above the corner of the mouth.
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Blyth's horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus lepidus) is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is found across southern Asia from Afghanistan to Vietnam. The species can be identified from its pointed, bifid sella.
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It raises the corners of the mouth when a person smiles. Usually a single unit, Dimples are caused by variations in form. It is thought that dimples are caused by bifid zygomaticus major muscle.
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Tendrils are simple, very rarely unequally bifid. Probracts up to 1.7 mm long but usually missing. Flowers in each sex usually solitary, sometimes male flowers are in few- flowered racemes. Receptacle pale green, glabrous.
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Head and tubercle processes black. Dorsal processes bifid, with a central orange patch. Early instars are gregarious, whereas late instars are not. Mature instar larva is grey with paler grey and rufous scribbling all over.
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The megagametophyte is of the Polygonum type. The style is usually 2-lobed or bifid, sometimes entire, or rarely multifid. The fruit is a schizocarp, drupe, or berry. In some, the schizocarp breaks up explosively.
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The lemmas have hyaline margins broad. The apex is bifid and the cleft is deep. The awns are long, arising below the lemma. The paleas are shorter than the lemmas, with glabrous backs and ciliate keels.
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In partial bifid phallus, the duplication of urethra, corpora cavernous and corpus spongiosum in one penis is incomplete, and there is only a corpus cavernosum and a spongiosum surrounding the functioning urethra in the other penis.
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It is typically associated with abnormal embryological development, however adult cases can develop. It can result from growth of a bifid ventral pancreatic bud around the duodenum, where the parts of the bifid ventral bud fuse with the dorsal bud, forming a pancreatic ring. It can also result if the ventral pancreatic bud fails to fully rotate, so it remains on the right or if the dorsal bud rotates in the wrong direction, such that the duodenum is surrounded by pancreatic tissue. Blockage of the duodenum develops if inflammation (pancreatitis) develops in the annular pancreas.
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Coccinia species are perennial climbing or creeping herbs. Climbing is supported by simple of unequally bifid tendrils. Most species develop a tuber from the hypocotyl, sometimes on roots. The cotyledons are simple, entire and have an blunt tip.
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The lid is up to 7.9 cm long and 5.6 cm wide. The spur, reported to be bifid (with each branch being two-branched itself) and up to 16 mm long, is inserted near the base of the lid.
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The mandible bears a distinct two-segmented palp. The incisor process ends in three strong teeth. The molar process shows several blunt knobs. The maxillula has both laciniae slender and ending in bristles and spines; the palp is distinctly bifid.
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Madurese janggolan in the port of Surabaya. Note the bifid end of the keel, also called "jaw", and the flat decorated face. Janggolan refers to two different type of perahu from Indonesia. One is from Madura, and the other from Bali.
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The glands of the lower lid surface are similar to those found in lower pitchers. The spur is inserted 10 mm below the lid. It may be simple or bifid at its apex, and measures up to 10 mm in length.
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Mabberley's Plant-Book. Cambridge University Press: UK. The genus name Hoplestigma is derived from the Greek , "a hoof or a cloven hoof" and stigma, "a flower stigma". The botanical name is a reference to the deeply bifid style.Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000.
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Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. The lid is sub-orbicular and lacks appendages. The spur is up to 4 mm long and generally bifid.
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The abdomen is densely covered with bristles. The first abdominal segment has a pair of single gills and the other segments bear further pairs of rather smaller, bifid gills. There are three tail filaments at the tip of the abdomen.
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Tendrils simple or bifid. Probracts up to 2.5 mm long, glabrous, apex rounded. Male flowers in few-flowered racemes, likely sometimes accompanied by a single flower. Common peduncle up to 1 cm, pedicels in racemose flowers 2–4 mm, glabrous.
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Growth stages are clear. The lunule and escutcheon are poorly defined. Each valve has three cardinal teeth: the centre one in the left valve, and centre and posterior in right are bifid. The pallial line and adductor scars are distinct.
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Lower lamina paler than upper lamina, glabrous, often with small dark glands along the main nerves. Fresh shoots, lower sides of petioles and leaves are glabrous, sometimes with soft white hairs. Tendrils unequally bifid. Probracts up to 5 mm long.
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It reaches a height of 60 cm and blooms from May to August. The leaves are opposite, the upper leaves sessile and the lower leaves petiolate. The flowers are white, with 5 deeply bifid petals, 10 stamens and 3 styles.
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Inner spur on the shank portion of the leg (tibiae) which when viewed from the front (anterior) is intact (simple) or very slightly split (bifid). The hind tibiae have three grooves (tri-sulcate), and so have the hind and intermediate feet (tarsi).
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The main larval foodplants are Citrus species, Luvunga crassifolia, Luvunga scandens, Melicope lunu-ankenda and Acronychia pedunculata (Rutaceae). Pupa are "curved abruptly backwards; head bifid; thorax with a lengthened curved acute thoracic process" (Moore). After about twelve days of development the butterfly emerges.
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The pitcher lid or operculum is ovate to sub-orbicular and has a somewhat cordate base. It lacks appendages. A spur measuring up to 5 mm in length is inserted near the base of the lid. It may be unbranched, bifid, or trifid.
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42 : 2, 101-112. Model of a paduwang in National Museum, Leiden. It has 2 versions, one with conventional ends, the other has bifid endsStenross. (2007). p.274. (meaning bifurcated shape at the bow and stern-forming a "jaw").Stenross. (2007). p.xiii.
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The larvae are rather stout, almost of equal thickness throughout, armed with strong branched spines; sometimes with two short, similar spines on head. The pupae are moderately angulated, with raised tubercles on the back, head slightly bifid. Sometimes hardly angulated, the anterior portions more rounded.
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The external portion of the suture consists of a small ventral and five umbilical lobes (per side). Lobes are weakly developed, are neither deep nor wide, and are separated by extremely wide, rounded saddles. The first two umbilical lobes are bifid, prongs being weakly developed.
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Small stalks end with simple sporangia from the axils of minute bifid, rounded sporophylls. Bean shaped, monolete spores are produced. The spores germinate best in a dark environment when ammonium is present. The gametophyte is non-photosynthetic, living in association with a fungus for its nutritional needs.
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The aperture is very oblique and rhomboidal. The outer lip is sharp, bevelled within and carrying a strong deep-seated tubercle. The parietal callus is coarsely wrinkled. The columella spirally ascends the umbilicus, terminating anteriorly in a massive bifid tooth, and higher up supporting a small tubercle.
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The heavy supra-tympanic fold covers the upper third of the tympanum. The dorsal coloration varies from dark green (with or without reddish brown spots) to reddish brown (with or without dark brown spots and green flecks). The prepollex (the "spikethumb") in males is massive and bifid.
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Leaves are compound, imparipinnate, opposite, estipulate; rachis 5–10 cm, slender, pubescent flowers are bisexual, yellowish brown, fragrant, 1 cm in size, nocturnal, in terminal, trichotomous cymes. Stigma is shortly bifid. Fruit is a capsule, 5 x 2.5 cm, obovoid, loculicidally 2 valved. seeds are pendulous, winged.
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These ridges were almost parallel to the lateral lobes. On the eleventh tergite, the edges were slightly curved. The pretelson (the segment that preceded the tail) had a bifid (divided into two lobes) dorsal projection. The telson (the "tail") was cuneiform (wedge-like), short and narrow, and measured .
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The species name refers to the bifid costal arm of the male genitalia and is derived from Latin bijugus (meaning yoked together, double).Léger, Théo; Landry, Bernard; Nuss, Matthias; Mally, Richard (2014) "Systematics of the Neotropical genus Catharylla Zeller (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae s. l., Crambinae)". ZooKeys 375: 15–73.
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Caterpillar has greenish cylindrical body with small creamy-pink dorsal triangles, where each triangle contains a dark dot. Head with a bifid capsule. The caterpillar rests with a 45 degree angle to the end of a leaf and stalk. Pupation occurs within a cocoon within a folded leaf.
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The head bears a pair of stout recurved horns and there is a bifid tail. The pupa is green or bluish green with irregular white spots resembling lichen. It is an ovoid shape with a prominent thoracic bulge. It is suspended by the cremaster from a leaf or twig.
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The wingspan is 6–9 mm. The resting position is flat, with the forewing hind margins against each other. The hindwing venation is bifid. The head, patagia and prothorax are blackish, while the rest of the thorax and ground colour of the forewing is unicolorous dark greyish brown.
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Dimorphoceratidae is one of two families included in the Dimorphoceratoidea, a superfamily of ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the Goniatitida that lived during the Late Paleozoic. They are dimorphocerataceans in which the external lateral lobes and prongs of the ventral lobe are bifid. The shells are strongly involute, subdiscoidal to lenticular.
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The oblique aperture is subtetragonal. The outer lip is plicate within, dentate above, the tooth usually bifid. The basal margin is curved and crenulate within. The columella is inserted deep in the rather narrow umbilicus, bearing a strong dentiform fold above and a large quadrangular biplicate tooth at the base.
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The smooth and round eggs are laid singly on the leaves of the food plant. The larvae are pale brownish, marked with lichen-green spots, have recurved "horns" on the head capsule and a bifid tail. They feed at night and spend the day on twigs. The pupa is pale green.
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However, many loaches are eel-like or conversely, quite stout-bodied; some balitorids have large, visible scales. Loaches in the families Cobitidae, Botiidae, and Serpenticobitidae possess a bifid, protrusible spine below the eye, or in the case of the genus Acantopsis, between the eye and the tip of the snout.
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Species include: # Galeopsis × acuminata Rchb. \- Germany (G. pubescens × G. tetrahit) # Galeopsis bifida Boenn. – bifid hemp-nettle, split-lip hemp-nettle, splitlip hempnettle, common hemp-nettle, and large-flowered hemp-nettle - widespread across much of Europe and Asia; naturalized in North America # Galeopsis × carinthiaca Porsch ex Fiori \- Italy, Czech Republic (G.
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A bowel loop-like structure was over the pubis region. This structure had no communication with any other structures. He had a single normal bladder and ureter. (Refer Figure 2.) (D) Partial bifid diphallia without associated anomalies A 15-year-old boy, apart from having two penises, had normal external genitalia.
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The staminate flowers are more or less asymmetrical and bear three distinct, hairy sepals, and three ovate, scaly petals. There may be as many as 100 stamens, with short filaments, and elongated, apically notched, deeply bifid anthers. The exine is finely reticulate and tectate. The pistilode is bottle-shaped and has pointed tips.
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Tegulae with a white spot. Collar and 1st, 4th and 5th abdominal segments are crimson, whereas 2nd, 3rd, and 6th edged with metallic blue. Forewings with a basal metallic-blue spot and two at end of the cell. There is a large sub-basal, bifid medial and quadrified post- medial orange spots.
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Typophorini is a tribe of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. The tribe contains approximately 100 genera, which are found worldwide. Members of the tribe are mainly characterized by antenna cleaners on the tibiae of the middle and hind legs. They also generally have a subglabrous body, as well as bifid pretarsal claws.
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Triloculinoides is a genus of Miocene to recent forams, included in the miliolid family Haurinidae, resembling Triloculina except for the aperture, which in the adult stage the forks of the bifid tooth join to form a ring. Triloculinoides has been found in Australia, the Sea of Japan, the Okhotsk Sea and Greenland Sea.
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1996 Jun 14;85(6):841-51. Gorlin syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by developmental abnormalities and increased risk of developing basal cell carcinoma or medulloblastoma.Gorlin RJ, Goltz RW. Multiple nevoid basal-cell epithelioma, jaw cysts and bifid rib: a syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine. 1960 May 5;262(18):908-12.
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Typhochlaena curumim is only known from the female. It has a brown cephalothorax and legs, but the abdomen is metallic yellowish-green with a black dorsum with five black stripes extending laterally. It is characterized by the spermatheca, which is wide at the basal region but thins to a single or bifid spiralled region.
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The inferior labia is tripartite with the central lobe notched, almond-shaped and the laterals are complete. The androecium is formed of 4(5) didynamous stamens, the two or three inferior stamens are reduced to staminodes. The fruit is a pluriseminate boll, dehiscent by two bifid valves. The basic chromosome number is x=10.
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Anal somite tapering to a bifid point, each somite with six small setaceous glandular spines. Dorsal surface of first, second, and third somites are dull green, whereas fourth, fifth tenth and eleventh somites are brownish. Lateral area of sixth to ninth somites is yellowish. There is a lateral series of six dark brown diagonal stripes.
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Dimorphoceratoidea is one of seventeen superfamilies included in the ammonoid suborder Goniatitina, a variety of shelled cephalopods that lived during the late Paleozoic. The Dimorphoceratoidea can be described as Goniatitina with subdiscoidal to lenticular shells that have conspicuous closed umbilici and goniatitic sutures with long prominently bifid ventral lobes and more or less subdivided external lobes.
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Dicranopygium tatica is a plant belonging to the family Cyclanthaceae. This is a local species, found (often on cliffs) near the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. It can easily be distinguished from its congeners by having a very short stem with petioles up to 57 cm long terminating in long (up to 53 cm) very narrow, deeply bifid leaves.
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The surface of the mantle shows irregular dark reddish-brown blotches. Behind the rhinophores there is a large horse shoe shaped spot. There are no mantle papillae in front of the non-lamellate, non-retractile rhinophores. The mantle ridge is situated at either side of the anus and is reduced to three pairs of bifid tentacles.
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Ovatiovermis had nine pairs of lobopods. The first two pairs were elongate and had approximately 20 pairs of spines on each lobopod, with a bifid claw at each tip. The third to sixth pairs of lobopods were shorter and their paired spines were much smaller. On these four pairs of lobopods the spines were only large near the tip.
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Bisalbuminemia is the, sometimes inherited, condition of having two types of serum albumin that differ in mobility during electrophoresis. It can be seen in densitometry as a bifid mountain where albumin has 2 heads. Inherited bisalbuminemia has no pathologic effects, but is of interest to researchers who study the evolution and functional changes in the protein.
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Annual or biennial, glandulous- pubescent herbaceous plants, with alternate, pinnatilobate or bipinnatisect leaves and attractive flowers, arranged at the end of stems. The flowers are zygomorphic and hermaphrodite. The calyx has 5 parts, with linear or spatulate segments. The corolla is bilabiate; the superior labia is tripartite, with the central lobe complete and notched and the two laterals bifid.
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The body is slender, the snout is long and the tail is prehensile. Its head and dorsal ridge have often some more or less long and numerous dermal filaments which can be simple or bifid. Its color ranges from dark green to different variants of brown to yellow, the body is often speckled with small white dots.
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The leaves are glabrous (smooth) and acuminate in shape, with entire (smooth) edges. The veins in the leaves are pinnate. The plant terminates in a dichotomous cyme, with a peduncle supporting each flower. The floral leaves are bifid (split in two parts) and ovate, while the involucral bracts are bright red, irregularly acuminate in shape (e.g.
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Harlfinger that manuscripts M and C should not be regarded as representative of an independent beta source for the final books of the Metaphysics. Moreover, Fazzo argues that the bifid shape of 20th century proposals concerning the stemma codicum heavily depends on the implicit acceptance of Jaeger's genetic views as applied to the manuscripts tradition of the Metaphysics.
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Ainea is a genus of perennial, herbaceous and bulbous plants belonging to the iris family (Iridaceae), endemic from Oaxaca in Mexico. They have white flowers with free stamens and a bifid style. The genus include only one species, Ainea conzattii, which grows in coniferous forest up to 2000 m.a.s.l. Currently, this genus is considered a synonym of Tigridia.
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Gaudryceratidae is a family belonging to the extinct ammonoid suborder Lytoceratina that lived from the Barremian of the Lower Cretaceous to the Maastrichtian of the Upper Cretaceous. Gaudryceratids are lytocerins typically with rounded, oval, or depressed whorl sections that become higher with age; suture with more or less symmetrical, bifid saddles, internal suture with a single saddle.
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Origanum cordifolium is a subshrub with suberect, cylindrical, hairless, often purplish shoots, 40–60 cm high. Leaves opposite, simple, entire or irregularly dentate, stalkless, ovoid to cordate, 1–2 x 0.8–2 cm, leathery, hairless, acute. Flowers on pendulous spikes, zygomorphic, corolla bifid, whitish or pinkish, 1–4, subtended by purplish-green, large bracts. Flowers June–August.
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Silene laevigata, the Troödos catchfly, is glaucous, erect or decumbent annual 6–27 cm high with glabrous stems and leaves, small. Pink flowers, petals bifid 9–10 mm long, flowers in March–June.Cyprus Flora in Colour the Endemics, V. Pantelas, T. Papachristophorou, P. Christodoulou, July 1993, Wild flowers of Cyprus, George Sfikas, Efstathiadis Group S.A. 1993 Anixi, Attikis, Greece.
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The leaves are large, with membranous sheaths, usually forming an underground neck. The leaf lamina is flat, green, and glaucous, glabrous or papillose. The inflorescence may be pauciflor (Ipheion, Beauverdia, rarely Tristagma) or pluriflor (up to 30). The spathe is formed by a single bifid membranous bract (Ipheion) or from two papyraceous bracts partially fused at the base.
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Most cases involve a small and bifid penis, which requires surgical closure soon after birth, often including a reconstruction of the urethra. Where it is part of a larger exstrophy, not only the urethra but also the bladder (bladder exstrophy) or the entire perineum (cloacal exstrophy) are open and exposed on birth, requiring closure. Many parts of this article are incorrect.
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The spiral lirae number about 6 on each whorl, but often double as many, by the intercalation of riblets in the interstices. The periphery has a prominent keel, cord-like, with secondary spiral striae, or bifid, cut into compressed granules, somewhat prominent above the sutures. The base has about 8 concentric ribs. The interstices are radiately striate, sometimes with a central riblet.
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The isopods are a pale lilac or pinkish in colour. The individual species generally resemble each other, but can be separated by various morphological features, notably the number (7–13) and shape (straight or upturned) of the spines on the pleotelson ("tail"), shape (simple or bifid) of the central spine on the pleotelson, and the shape and structure of the uropods and pereopods.
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These fishes have a wide mouth with thick lips. A barbel is present on the chin. They do not have any thorn in the fins, but show elongated pelvic-fin rays reduced to bifid filaments, with 2 soft rays. The dorsal fin is a double and rounded (the first can have 9 or 11 soft rays, the second 56 or 65).
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Cyperus dives and Cyperus alopecuroides L., grow together in Egypt, and serve the same purpose. They also grow in India. Sometimes, in herbaria, I have seen these two plants confounded. Cyperus alopecuroides does not have smooth spikelets; they are not lanceolate, but ovoid; their scales are not very tight, and fold inwards by the edges when drying; the styles are bifid.
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The wingspan is 9–12 mm. The resting position is flat, with the forewing hind margins against each other. The hindwing venation is bifid. The head, patagia, prothorax and costal part of the basal area are blackish, while the rest of the thorax and ground colour of the forewing is unicolorous yellowish, except for the dark grey terminal area and the fringes.
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Asplundia brunneistigma is a species of largely terrestrial plant (although sometimes shortly climbing) belonging to the family Cyclanthaceae. It has a long stem up to 2 (exceptionally 3) m long bearing petioles up to 40 cm long terminating in shallowly bifid leaves up to 75 cm long. This plant is found in primary rainforest habitats from Costa Rica to Panama.
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Asplundia ceci is a species of plant belonging to the family Cyclanthaceae. It occasionally grows terrestrially but is usually a highly branched liana with reddish brown stems of 15 m or longer. Petioles up to 40 cm long bear deeply bifid leaves up to 50 cm long. This plant has a wide but scattered distribution from Costa Rica to northwestern Colombia.
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Flowers have salver-form, meaning starting from a narrow tube and suddenly flaring into a flat arrangement of petals. Flowers are white or pale lemon- yellow, orange when fading. Flower tube is about 2 inches long, with 5-9 obliquely obovate petals, about 1/2 as long as the tube. Stigma is club- shaped, thick, and fleshy, bipartite, segments bifid.
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Loss of sensation. Cloacal repair is among the most complex of the surgeries described here. Bladder exstrophy or more severe cloacal exstrophy is a major birth defect involving inadequate closure and incomplete midline fusion of multiple pelvic and perineal organs as well as the front of the pelvis and lower abdominal wall. The penis and scrotum are often widely bifid (the two embryonic parts unjoined).
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This structure is called the perigynium or utricle, a modified prophyll. It is typically extended into a "rostrum" or beak, which is often divided at the tip (bifid) into two teeth. The shape, venation, and vestiture (hairs) of the perigynium are important structures for distinguishing Carex species. The fruit of Carex is a dry, one- seeded indehiscent achene or nut which grows within the perigynium.
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These perahu were lightly build so they may be fast, for carrying fish from mayangs in the Java sea.Horridge. (1981). p. 66. Small lis alis is an open vessel, it doesn't have roofing.Stenross (2007). p. xiii. Lis alis is a bifid-ended boat (with double stem and sternpost), the lower "jaw" called antek, cantek or jabaran is an elongation of the keel that functions as a bumper.
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The genus Thorunna contains chromodorid nudibranchs with a distinctive radula, which is very small and has 17-25 teeth in a half-row. The lateral teeth are long slender shafts with bluntly bifid tips. Species in this genus rarely exceed and wriggle or vibrate their gills rhythmically. Anatomically the buccal bulb is very small relative to most chromodorids and the oral tube very long.
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Plants of Treubia grow as a prostrate leafy thallus. The bifid leaves extend like wings on either side of the midrib, or may be folded upwards and pressed close together, giving the plants a ruffled appearance. By contrast, Haplomitrium grows as a subterranean rhizome with erect leafy stems. The thin, rounded leaves are arranged around the upright stems, giving the appearance of a soft moss.
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The species Haplomitrium ovalifolium of Australia often has bifid leaves that are asymmetrical, somewhat like those in Treubia. Haplomitrium has a number of unique characters that distinguish it from other liverworts, such as lacking rhizoids. The vegetative stems possess a central water-conducting strand with large perforations derived from plasmodesmata. This central strand is surrounded by a cylinder of cells that conduct food throughout the plant.
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The flowers have one stamen with an anther 2 -3 mm long. The style is bifid, with a sparse fringe of hairs above, while at the base there is a whorl of long whitish hairs closely pressed to the nut and partially covering it. The nut is biconvex, straw-coloured and shining. It flowers from spring to summer and typically grows in moist places.
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Pilmatueia faundezi is diagnosed by a unique combination of several features that include cervico-dorsal vertebrae with dorsoventrally oriented ridges on the anterior surfaces of the anterior centrodiapophyseal laminae, and posterior dorsal vertebrae with deep fossae at the bases of the bifid neural spines separated by a thick, low, sagittal lamina. Pilmatueia is recovered as the sister taxon of the late Early Cretaceous Amargasaurus cazaui.
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The two type of prahu paduwang (bedouang) sailing in the sea. Conventional- ended paduwang is at the front, bifid-ended paduwang is at the back. Paduwang (also known as bedouang) is a traditional double-outrigger vessel from Madura, Indonesia. It is built with planks instead of single log, and used for fishing, trading and transport of people and goods near Madura island.Stenross. (2007). p.66.
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It shows in the upper part an accused callus. The solid shell is quite thick, subopaque, adorned with longitudinal ribs, decurrent cords and growth lines. It contains 18 to 19 longitudinal ribs on the penultimate whorl. These are large, rounded, spread out only on the base of whorls, mamillate at the keel, obsolete above, sometimes bifid below, slightly obliquely, very short on the body whorl, where they merge with growth lines.
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Thalassoceratoidea, formerly Thalassocerataceae, is a superfamily of Late Paleozoic ammonites characterized by their thick-discoidal to subglobular, involute shells with narrow or closed umbilici and biconvex growth striae with ventral sinuses. The ventral lobe of the suture, which straddles the outer rim, is wide, and bifid, with a tall median saddle. Thallassoceratoidea are gonitites and one of seventeen superfamilies in the Goniatitina suborder. Two families are now included, Bisatoceratidae and Thalassoceratidae.
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The trunks are barely emergent or not at all, clustering, when above ground they are ringed with close leaf scars. The leaves are very big, reduplicate, either divided or bifid, with a short sheath and a long slender petiole. Those with divided leaves have many narrow folds, each featuring a prominent midrib. The margins have tiny teeth, the undersides glaucous, the tops dark green, with small scales along the veins.
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Draba verna (syn. Erophila verna) the spring draba, shadflower, nailwort, common whitlowgrass, vernal whitlow grass, early witlow grass or whitlow-grass is a species of plant in the mustard family, Brassicaceae. D. verna has the unique trait of bifid petals, not found anywhere else in the genus Draba. The plant consists of a few flowers with branching stems and the leaves are focused around the base of the plant.
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The dactylus is slender and bifid, having less than 1/5 of the length of the propodus. The propodus bears about seven spinules on the posterior margin. The endopod of the fifth pleopod of the male is widened distally and has an irregularly rounded outline. The second male pleopod has the appendix masculina about as slender, but slightly longer than the appendix interna; it ends in a number of strong setae.
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The leaves ("needles") are flattened, long and broad, spread at nearly right angles from the shoot; the apex is sharp, bifid (double-pointed) on the leaves of young trees, single-pointed on mature trees. They are bright green above, and greyish-green below with two broad stomatal bands. The cones are long by wide, green maturing yellow-brown, tapering to a broad bluntly rounded apex. The scale bracts are exserted , triangular.
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It is a large adult size frog with snout to vent length in males ranging between 55–69 mm and females being larger and up to 106 mm. The snout is obtusely pointed when observed from both dorsal and ventral planes and protrudes beyond the lower jaw. Tongue is spatulate and bifid without lingual papilla. Tympanum is distinct and a supra-tympanic fold from back of eye to forelimb is prominent.
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The trunk is typically gnarled and twisted. The small, white, feathery flowers, with ten- cleft calyx and corolla, two stamens, and bifid stigma, are borne generally on the previous year's wood, in racemes springing from the axils of the leaves. The fruit is a small drupe long when ripe, thinner-fleshed and smaller in wild plants than in orchard cultivars. Olives are harvested in the green to purple stage.
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Selaginella bifida is a lycophyte native to Rodrigues Island in the Mascarene Islands. It was found firstly in 1991 on the Mont Limon at 20–150 m high and was confused with S. rodrigueziana Baker because of their strong phenotypical homologies. However, fastidious studies in 2009 highlight ciliate lateral leaf margins on several specimens and bifid microsporophyll apices during the emergence of reproductive parts, which differentiate a new taxon.
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Asplundia stenophylla is a species of plant belonging to the family Cyclanthaceae. It occasionally grows terrestrially but is usually a climbing epiphyte. The stem is up to 5 m long, bearing petioles up to 44 cm long which terminate in very distinctive leaves: very deeply bifid, deeply corrugated and up to 77 cm long. This is a commonly encountered species in cloud forests from Costa Rica to Ecuador.
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Wallflowers are annuals, herbaceous perennials or sub-shrubs. The perennial species are short-lived and in cultivation treated as biennials. Most species have stems erect, somewhat winged, canescent with an indumentum of bifid hairs, usually 25 ± 53 cm × 2–3 mm in size, and t-shaped trichomes. The leaves are narrow and sessile. The lower leaves are linear to oblanceolate pinnatifid with backwardly directed lobes, acute, 50–80 mm × 0.5–3 mm.
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The ocreas are usually grossly swollen and house ants. Younger leaves are undivided with the occasional bifid apice. A truly pinnate leaf form comes in maturity and is accompanied by a barbed rachis extension which allows the palm to hook onto forest vegetation and climb to the canopy top where mature pinnae hang pendent. Also unique to the group are the rachis borne stalks, adapted for climbing, from which the leaflets emerge.
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Most Calyptrocalyx species are clustering while a few grow from solitary trunks, all being conspicuously ringed by leaf scars. Trunk diameters range from 1 cm in C. arfakiensis to 25 cm in C. spicatus, spanning heights of 1 to 12 m. The leaves may be pinnate, bifid, or undivided on adaxially channeled, abaxially rounded petioles. While the foliage of these palms matures to various shades of green it is often brightly colored when emergent.
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Paeonia daurica is a perennial herbaceous photosynthesising plant, emerging in spring and retreating underground in the autumn. It has slender carrot-shaped roots which are directed downwards. The leaves are alternately set along the stems and have an outline of 5–11½ × 8–17 cm. The lower leaves are usually composed of three sets of three entire or sometimes bifid leaflets, and occasionally there is third order division, resulting in a maximum of nineteen leaflets.
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Species in the genus Oedemera include slender, soft-bodied beetles of medium size, between 5 and 20 mm of length. Their colours may be bright and metallic (green, golden, copper), black and yellow and brown and black. The jaws are bifid at the apex, the last segment of maxillary palps is narrow and elongated, the antennae are long and threadlike. The elytra of most species are narrowed behind exposing part of the hind wings.
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Takakia lepidozioides is a species of moss in the Takakiaceae family, one of two species of Takakia. It is characterized by its tiny bifid leaves in which each segment is only a few cells wide, conspicuous rhizomous shoots, and long leafless stolon shoots which facilitate the colonization of bare areas. A very unusual feature is the lack of male plants within the species, which are thought to have become extinct during an ice age.
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The ovary is entire, with two loculi, though they are not always well separated. There is a single, erect ovule in each loculus; the style is terete and the stigma simple, though sometimes slightly bifid at the tip. The fruit is oblong, enclosed in the calyx. Corresponding to the structure of the ovary, the fruit is generally two-lobed and two-locular, but sometimes by abortion, there may be only one locule and one seed.
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This species is distinguished from all other members of the genus by gray coloration with chocolate brown reticulations and spots covering the body and fins, as well as additional external features such as rounded pelvic fins, first dorsal fin with distinct white margin, preopercular and oral lateral line canals sharing a common branch, and morphology of pelvic claspers in males bifid, the distal 1/3 divided, with pale colored fleshy, distal lobes.
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One or more costal cartilages can become inflamed – a condition known as costochondritis; the resulting pain is similar to that of a heart attack. Abnormalities of the rib cage include pectus excavatum ("sunken chest") and pectus carinatum ("pigeon chest"). A bifid rib is a bifurcated rib, split towards the sternal end, and usually just affecting one of the ribs of a pair. It is a congenital defect affecting about 1.2% of the population.
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Bifid ribs are usually asymptomatic, and are often discovered incidentally by chest X-ray. Effects of this neuroskeletal anomaly can include respiratory difficulties, neurological difficulties, limitations, and limited energy from the stress of needing to compensate for the neurophysiological difficulties. Another association is with odontogenic keratocysts (OKC [a.k.a. keratocystic odontogenic tumor (WHO terminology)]) of the jaw which may behave aggressively and have a high propensity to recur when treated with simple enucleation and curettage.
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They exhibit considerable variation in morphology and habit; the slender trunks may be solitary or sparsely to densely clustering, some are miniatures and perpetual undergrowth subjects while others contribute to the canopy top. The trunks are ringed by leaf scars and end in a poorly defined or absent crownshaft. The leaves are usually pinnate, rarely bifid, from small to large, and frequently red colored when new. The inflorescence is interfoliar but will hang pendent nearing antithesis.
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The English word manicure comes from the French word manucure, meaning "care of the hands", which in turn originates from the Latin words manus, for "hand", and cura, for "care". Similarly, the English word pedicure comes from the Latin words pes (Genitive case - pedis), for "foot", and cura, for "care". Cast copper alloy Roman toiletry implement, with an oval spoon bowl at one end, and a pointed bifid terminal at the other end, used as a nail cleaner.
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From small to moderate to the tallest in the family, the trunks may be solitary or clustering and lack armament. The reduplicate leaf is regularly or irregularly pinnate, bifid, or entire with pinnate ribs; crownshafts are present in some members and absent in others. Monoecious, dioecious, and hermaphroditic palms occur in the group; a protective prophyll accompanies the inflorescence, and all feature peduncular bracts. Any unisexual flowers are slightly dimorphic, solitary, or in rows; all have syncarpous, triovulate gynoecium.
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It begins as a partly buried whitish egg-shaped structure in diameter, which bursts open as a hollow white stalk with reddish arms erupts and grows to a height of . It matures into a reddish star-shaped structure with six to ten arms up to long radiating from the central area. These arms are bifid (deeply divided into two limbs). The top of the fungus is covered with dark olive-brown slime or gleba, which smells of rotting meat.
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Galeopsis bifida is an annual plant native to Europe and Asia but now found in Canada and the northeastern, midwestern parts of the United States. It has many common names such as bifid hemp-nettle, split-lip hemp-nettle, common hemp-nettle, and large-flowered hemp-nettle. The genus name means weasel-like, referring to the corolla of the flower. It is often confused with other species of Lamiaceae such as Mentha arvensis, Dracocephalum parviflorum and Stachys pilosa.
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Up to 100 nectar glands are present on the underside of the lid. A spur (≤5 mm long), which may be unbranched, bifid, or trifid, is inserted near the base of the lid. A typical lower pitcher Upper pitchers have not been reliably recorded in the field and measurements for them have not been published. Based on Schmid-Höllinger's observations, they are ventricose in the lower parts and elongated above, becoming tubiform or slightly infundibuliform towards the mouth.
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Myerhoff 1982: 122 Others have theorised that rather than menstrual envy the rite represents envy of the bifid penis of the kangaroo. This type of modification of the penis was also traditionally performed by the Lardil people of Mornington Island, Queensland. The young men who endured this custom were the only ones to learn a simple ceremonial language, Damin. In later ceremonies, repeated throughout adult life, the subincised penis would be used as a site for ritual bloodletting.
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Most males are substantially larger than females. The most distinguishable figure of this bat besides producing a distinctive, audible clicking call is its wings. It is attached to the sides of the back and separated by a broad band of fur. The lower incisors are bifid, the canines have a longitudinal groove on the outer surface which is slightly medial to center, and the first premolars are smaller than second premolars, especially on the upper jaw.
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The > style is threadlike, hairy in its lower half, thinned and bifid at the top. > The fruit has four ovoid seeds, triquetrous (triangular in cross-section and > sharply angled), white or grey, smooth and shiny. The whole plant is > bristling with white, prickly hairs, which have a thickened base. The > tubercles at the base of the hairs develop mainly on the leaves which > accompany the fruiting branches, and on the calyces which enlarge with the > fruit.
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All have a characteristically bifid uncus, a vestigial gnathus, and a reduced valve with two strong processes. It is the form of these latter that distinguishes species within the group. The new species is closest to extensa but has the processes much shorter and unequal, the upper one angled, dorsally serrate, apically acute, and the lower one shorter, a robust, basally slightly bulbous spine. There is a tongue-like setose process associated with the lower spine.
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Flowers are borne on long slender stalks which are glabrous or pubescent, initially spreading and reflexed, later erect. There are five sepals, 5−6.5 mm long, lanceolate, glabrous or pubescent, with an acute apex. The five petals are white, deeply bifid, the cleft extending almost to the base and giving the impression that there are actually ten petals; in length the petals are equal to or slightly longer than the sepals. The flowers are about 10 mm in diameter.
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This condition has existed in humans since ancient times. The two external genitalia may vary in size and shape, either lying beside each other in a sagittal plane or one above the other in a frontal plane. According to Schneider classification in 1928, double penis is classified into three groups: (a) glans diphallia, (b) bifid diphallia and (c) complete diphallia or double penis. According to Vilanora and Raventos, in 1954, a fourth group called pseudodiphallia is added.
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Infants born with diphallia have higher death rate due to infections associated with anomalies. (A) Complete true diphallia with associated anomalies A 2-day old male newborn, associated with complex genitourinary and ano-rectal malformation. He had imperforated anus, hypospadias, bifid scrotum, meatuses on both glandes, two bladders and two colons, and had typical testes, kidneys and ureters. (Refer Figure 3.) (B) Partial true diphallia or pseudodiphallia, without associated anomalies Partial true diphallia corresponds to pseudodiphallia.
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The Indian chameleon (Chamaeleo zeylanicus) is a species of chameleon found in Sri Lanka, India, and other parts of South Asia. Like other chameleons, this species has a long tongue, feet that are shaped into bifid claspers, a prehensile tail, independent eye movement, and the ability to change skin colour. They move slowly with a bobbing or swaying movement and are usually arboreal. Strangely, they do not choose the background colour and may not even be able to perceive colour differences.
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Examples of ciphers that combine fractionation and transposition include the bifid cipher, the trifid cipher, the ADFGVX cipher and the VIC cipher. Another choice would be to replace each letter with its binary representation, transpose that, and then convert the new binary string into the corresponding ASCII characters. Looping the scrambling process on the binary string multiple times before changing it into ASCII characters would likely make it harder to break. Many modern block ciphers use more complex forms of transposition related to this simple idea.
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The crownshaft bulges in its center and holds 12–16 pinnate leaves, 1–2 m long on 15–20 cm petioles. The leaves are distinct in that the individual leaflets exhibit enormous variation; some have a single rib while others have several. They can be broad, narrow, pointed apices, while others are obliquely truncated. The leaves are light to bright green on top and dull green to brown underneath; but for the bifid apices, juvenile leaves are undivided and pink to red in color.
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The trunks are rough and solitary natured, and reach over 10 m at 20 cm wide, usually covered in old leaf bases. The sheath is tubular, splitting adaxially, striate, and covered in white and brown tomentum. The petiole is short, deeply channeled, flattened below, with armed margins and similar tomentum; the rachis is slightly arched, leaflets regular or grouped, in one or several planes with one fold. The undersides are glaucous, the apex is irregularly bifid, the midrib is prominent and the veinlets are evident.
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In the cervical region (with the exception of the second and seventh vertebrae), these are short, horizontal, and bifid. In the upper part of the thoracic region they are directed obliquely downward; in the middle they are almost vertical, and in the lower part they are nearly horizontal. In the lumbar region they are nearly horizontal. The spinous processes are separated by considerable intervals in the lumbar region, by narrower intervals in the neck, and are closely approximated in the middle of the thoracic region.
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While swallowing, the soft palate is pushed backwards, preventing food and drink from entering the nasal cavity. If the soft palate cannot touch the back of the throat while swallowing, food and drink can enter the nasal cavity. Splitting of the uvula occurs infrequently but is the most common form of mouth and nose area cleavage among newborns. Bifid uvula occurs in about 2% of the general population, although some populations may have a high incidence, such as Native Americans who have a 10% rate.
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Asplundia albicarpa is a species of plant belonging to the family Cyclanthaceae. It has a long stem up to 2 m long with petioles up to 52 cm long carrying broad bifid leaves up to 65 cm long. It can be distinguished from most of its congeners by its fruit which remain white or greenish white when mature (The fruit of most Asplundia spp turn a variety of different colours upon maturity). A. albicarpa grows both as an epiphyte and as a terrestrial plant.
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It is a tree that reaches a size of up to 20 m high. It has elliptical leaves, 11–15 cm long and 4–7 cm wide, the acute apex, the cuneate base, glabrous, undersides with black dots. The inflorescence of 5–12 cm long, 3-5 times branched, with many flowers, peduncle 2–7 cm long, with bracts thick, bifid; pedicels 3–11 mm long, flowers 1 cm long; stamens 8; oval or slightly elliptical floral bud, acute apex. Oval-lanceolate fruit, 4 cm long and 1.5 cm wide, radicle 11–25 cm long.
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Early inductive effects of the axial mesoderm upon the overlying neural ectoderm is the mechanism that establishes the length dimension upon the brain primordium, jointly with establishing what is ventral in the brain (close to the axial mesoderm) in contrast with what is dorsal (distant from the axial mesoderm). Apart from the lack of a causal argument for introducing the axis in the telencephalon, there is the obvious difficulty that there is a pair of telencephalic vesicles, so that a bifid axis is actually implied in these outdated versions.
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Fibrochondrogenesis is a congenital disorder presenting several features and radiological findings, some which distinguish it from other osteochondrodysplasias. These include: fibroblastic dysplasia and fibrosis of chondrocytes (cells which form cartilage); and flared, widened long bone metaphyses (the portion of bone that grows during childhood). Other prominent features include dwarfism, shortened ribs that have a concave appearance, micrognathism (severely underdeveloped jaw), macrocephaly (enlarged head), thoracic hypoplasia (underdeveloped chest), enlarged stomach, platyspondyly (flattened spine), and the somewhat uncommon deformity of bifid tongue (in which the tongue appears split, resembling that of a reptile).
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"Feeds on the blackwood tree (Dalbergia latifolia) and also on Dalbergia racemosa and has similar habits to those of N. hordonia, Stoll, which it resembles in form, but the head is bifid at the top, and the dorsal points are wanting, while the last-segment is produced into a single blunt point. The colour is dark greenish brown, the fore part, as in N. hordonia, being much darker than the rest, but bordered with pale grey." (Davidson, Bell & Aitken) This form, as recorded by Mr. Bell, feeds, like N. hordonia, on decayed (not fresh) leaves.
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One, Maximites, has been put in a family of its own, the Maximitidae. The other two, Neoaganides and Pseudohalorites are retained in the Pseudohaloritidae, to which has been added about a dozen more genera, mostly from China.Goniat on line 11/17/09 Maximites differs in having a bifid ventral lobe and a siphuncle that is ventral, but not marginal. It is also older, as early as the Middle Pennsylvanian (m U Carb) rather than from the Upper Pennsylvanian (uU Carb) when pseudohaloritids, as emended, make their first appearance.
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A more severe chordee is often accompanied by a hypospadias and sometimes by severe undervirilization: a perineal "pseudovaginal pouch" and bifid ("split") scrotum with an undersized penis. This combination, referred to as pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias, is in the spectrum of ambiguous genitalia due to a number of conditions. Scarring and contracture are occasional complications, but most unsatisfactory outcomes occur when a severe hypospadias needs to be repaired as well. Long-term complications can include fistulas between colon or upper rectum and skin or other cavities, or between urethra and perineum.
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Monotreme penes are variously unusual; the platypus has a penis with a two-lobed (bifid) tip though the whole shaft is inserted in mating, possibly to engage both of the uterine branches, but the echidna's penis actually has four heads, only two of which function at a time. Both monotremes and marsupial moles are the only mammals with internal penises, located on the cloacal wall instead of outside of it as in other mammals.Gadow, H. On the systematic position of Notoryctes typhlops. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1892, 361–370 (1892).
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By the eggs getting a dose of PAs, the authors suggest that the eggs are being protected from predators such as Coccinellidae beetles. Jordan and others’ study found a very interesting effect of the larval ingestion of PAs. Male Estigmene acrea moths that consumed PAs in their diet as larvae produced hydroxydanaidal, a volatile PA compound, and displayed their coremata: a bifid, inflatable male-specific organ, utilized in dispersing pheromones in the adult stage. Larvae that were fed diets without PAs rarely displayed their coremata and did not produce hydroxydanaidal.
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A solitary plant, the trunk may or may not emerge above ground level and lacks armament. The short petiole and numerous leaves give it a full crown, each leaf is undivided, irregularly divided, or deeply bifid, with densely tomentose sheaths which disintegrate into a mass of fibers at the base. The inflorescence is interfoliar and erect, about as long as the leaves and branched to one order. The peduncle is long and slender, the single peduncular bract is tubular and borne at the tip of the peduncle, enclosing the flowers before antithesis.
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Craniofrontonasal dysplasia (craniofrontonasal syndrome, craniofrontonasal dysostosis, CFND) is a very rare X-linked malformation syndrome caused by mutations in the ephrin-B1 gene (EFNB1). Phenotypic expression varies greatly amongst affected individuals, where females are more commonly and generally more severely affected than males. Common physical malformations are: craniosynostosis of the coronal suture(s), orbital hypertelorism, bifid nasal tip, dry frizzy curled hair, longitudinal ridging and/or splitting of the nails, and facial asymmetry. The diagnosis CFND is determined by the presence of a mutation in the EFNB1 gene.
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Morrowites, named by Cobban and Hook, 1983, is a moderate to large-sized ammonite with quadrangular to depressed whorls, broadly rounded to depressed venter, low ribs, umbilical and inner and outer ventrolateral tubercles and smooth early whorls except for occasional ribs along weak constrictions. The suture is moderately simple and has an unusually broad bifid first lateral lobe. It is so far restricted to the Lower Turonian stage, in the mid Cretaceous. Morrowites closely resembles Mammites, however Morrowites has a broad first lateral lobe, Mammites has a narrow one.
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When operating on 2 symbols at once, a Hill cipher offers no particular advantage over Playfair or the bifid cipher, and in fact is weaker than either, and slightly more laborious to operate by pencil-and-paper. As the dimension increases, the cipher rapidly becomes infeasible for a human to operate by hand. A Hill cipher of dimension 6 was implemented mechanically. Hill and a partner were awarded a patent () for this device, which performed a 6 × 6 matrix multiplication modulo 26 using a system of gears and chains.
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Diagnosis of NBCCS is made by having 2 major criteria or 1 major and 2 minor criteria. The major criteria consist of the following: # more than 2 BCCs or 1 BCC in a person younger than 20 years; # odontogenic keratocysts of the jaw # 3 or more palmar or plantar pits # ectopic calcification or early (<20 years) calcification of the falx cerebri # bifid, fused, or splayed ribs # first- degree relative with NBCCS. The minor criteria include the following: # macrocephaly. # congenital malformations, such as cleft lip or palate, frontal bossing, eye anomaly (cataract, coloboma, microphthalmia, nystagmus).
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In males with 13q deletion syndrome, genital abnormalities are common. The meatus, or urinary opening, may appear on the underside of the penis (hypospadis), and/or the testes will not descend into the scrotum (cryptochidism). The scrotum will often be unusually small or abnormally divided into two sections (bifid scrotum); the penis may be unusually small (micropenis), and/or abnormal passage may be present between the scrotum and the anus (perineal fistula). In rare cases, the anal opening may be absent or covered by a thing membrane which can cause obstruction (anal atresia).
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The trunks are clustering in L. major, occasionally clustering in L. pulchra, and solitary in L. piassaba; they reach 15 cm wide to 6 m tall, and are usually covered in old, extremely fibrous leaf bases. The pinnate leaves, up to 5 m, are carried on long, hairy petioles which disintegrate into black, fibrous masses against the trunk. The 1 m leaflets are once-folded, linear, regularly arranged, and either acuminate or briefly bifid. The much branched inflorescence is short, brown, and hairy and emerges within the leaf crown.
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It can be distinguished from all other Bromus species by its deeply split, or bifid, palea. The plant appeared to spread rapidly after its discovery in 1849, which is normally indicative of introduced species. However, the species is thought to have arisen in the 19th century as a new species through a substantial and abrupt genetic change. It is thought to have gone into decline with the replacement of horses by motor vehicles from the late 19th century onwards, reducing the demand for sainfoin as fodder, and additionally by improved seed cleaning methods.
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The style is divided into two parts (bifid). The nutlets are ovoid. Equilabium and Plectranthus species are distinguished from Coleus by having the stem (pedicel) of the calyx attached symmetrically to the base of the calyx tube, rather than opposite the upper lip, and having the corolla lobes more or less equal in length. Equilabium species can be distinguished from Plectranthus by the truncated shape of the throat of the calyx and by the usually S-shaped tube of the corolla, which is parallel-sided at the base.
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The trunks are small, very spiny, and high climbing, becoming bare with age. All species form dense clusters with undivided or bifid juvenile leaves which become pinnate in maturity, with leaf sheath spines, leaflet cirri, and spiny petioles, all adapted for climbing. The leaflets are few to many, with one, two, or more folds, entire, acute, linear or sigmoid, and regularly arranged along the rachis. As hapaxanths, the inflorescence emerges at the top of the stem, amongst reduced leaves, with male and female flowers, on a once-branched spike.
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" Description of Rhinophis microlepis after Beddome (1864: 179): "Scales of the body small, in 15 rows; of the anterior portion of the trunk in 17, of the neck in 19. Caudal disk oblong, orbicular, one-half the length of the tail, covered with excrescences, which are confluent into streaks; subcaudals 10; anal bifid; head-plates as in R. sanguineus, but rostral less sharp. Colour of the body greyish black, with indistinct dull yellowish white mottlings; belly yellowish white, with dark mottlings; tail beneath yellowish, with a broad black spot. Abdominals very small, 199.
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The classification of R.alba has come under considerable scrutiny since Vahl’s description, due to conflicting classifications of the genus Rhynchospora and closely related taxa. Vahl classified Rhynchospora based on the tubercle/fruit alone. Other taxonomists, such as Nees, only recognised species with bifid styles as Rhynchospora, and moved many species into 11 other genera (both novel and pre-existing), all within a wider group called the Rhynchosporae. Bentham and Hooker tried to resolve this conflict by splitting Rhynchospora into two subgenera – Diplostylae and Haplostylae – based on the branching pattern of the style.
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The Medlicottiinae is a subfamily of the Medlicottiidae, a family of ammonoid cephalopods included in the Prolecanitida, characterized by having discoidal to thinly lenticular shells with a retuse (grooved) venter and sutures with bifid auxiliary lobes. The Medlicottiinae classically included, by general consensus,Medlicottiinae -Paleobio the following five genera: Artinskia, Eumedlicottia, Medlicottia, Neogeoceras, and Syrdenites. Of these only Artinskia and Medlicottia, included in the Medlicottinae in the Treatise (Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf, 1957) remain in Medlicottinae at present. Episageceras, Propinacoceras, and Sicanites, then included, have become type genera respectively for the Episageceratinae, Propinacoceratinae, and Sicanitinae.
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Lygus gemellatus, museum specimen Lygus gemellatus can reach a length of in males, of in females.Commanster These bugs are usually pale grayish green, sometimes with brownish or reddish tinge. Black spot on scutellum usually are bifid apically.Majid Mirab-balou & Mohammad Khanjani Harmful Hemiptera of Lygus Genus (Miridae, Hemiptera) On Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) In Hamedan Province (Western Iran) In Journal of Plant Protection Research 48(3) DOI: 10.2478/v10045-008-0040-7 However, in this species color and of dark patterns on pronotum and scutellum shows high variability.
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The trifid cipher is a classical cipher invented by Félix Delastelle and described in 1902.Delastelle, pp. 101–3. Extending the principles of Delastelle's earlier bifid cipher, it combines the techniques of fractionation and transposition to achieve a certain amount of confusion and diffusion: each letter of the ciphertext depends on three letters of the plaintext and up to three letters of the key. The trifid cipher uses a table to fractionate each plaintext letter into a trigram,Hence the name trifid, which means "divided into three parts" (Oxford English Dictionary).
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Most people with this condition have extra fingers and/or toes (polydactyly), and the skin between some fingers or toes may be fused (cutaneous syndactyly). An abnormal growth in the brain called a hypothalamic hamartoma is characteristic of this disorder. In many cases, these growths do not cause any medical problems; however, some hypothalamic hamartomas lead to seizures or hormone abnormalities that can be life-threatening in infancy. Other features of Pallister–Hall syndrome include a malformation of the airway called a bifid epiglottis, laryngeal cleft, an obstruction of the anal opening (imperforate anus), and kidney abnormalities.
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Some elaterid species are bioluminescent in both larval and adult form, such as those of the genus Pyrophorus. Larvae are elongate, cylindrical or somewhat flattened, with hard bodies, somewhat resembling mealworms. The three pairs of legs on the thoracic segments are short and the last abdominal segment is, as is frequently the case in beetle larvae, directed downwards and may serve as a terminal proleg in some species. The ninth segment, the rearmost, is pointed in larvae of Agriotes, Dalopius and Melanotus, but is bifid due to a so-called caudal notch in Selatosomus (formerly Ctenicera), Limonius, Hypnoides and Athous species.
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Some of the Bifidobacterium animalis bacteria found in a sample of Activia yogurt: The numbered ticks on the scale are 10 micrometres apart. In 1899, Henri Tissier, a French pediatrician at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, isolated a bacterium characterised by a Y-shaped morphology ("bifid") in the intestinal microbiota of breast-fed infants and named it "bifidus". In 1907, Élie Metchnikoff, deputy director at the Pasteur Institute, propounded the theory that lactic acid bacteria are beneficial to human health. Metchnikoff observed that the longevity of Bulgarian peasants was the result of their consumption of fermented milk products.
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T. atriplicis L. (43 g). Forewing greyish purple irrorated with fuscous; the basal area and the shade preceding submarginal line, especially in the lower half, and the upper stigmata bright pale green; median area below subcostal vein deep dark green; a large white, generally pinkish-tinged blotch with bifid extremity runs along vein 2 to outer line; submarginal line greenish white, angled sharply inwards on submedian fold and bluntly beyond the cell, accompanied by dark and light green clouds; hindwing fuscous grey, the outer half dark fuscous, with traces of dark cellspot and outer line; — ab. similis Stgr., recorded from Ussuri.
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Many case reports about babies with epignathus have reported common malformations of cleft palate, and bifid tongue and/or nose. The tumor can grow within the oral cavity and protrude out of the mouth, causing obstruction of the airway and therefore mortality. This lesion may be associated with polyhydramnios, or excessive amniotic fluid around the fetus, and typically prevents the fetus from swallowing the amniotic fluid. In rare cases, the tumor may spread into the cranial cavity; some which have extended into the brain and others which have been encapsulated and do not enter the brain.
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On the high voltage side, the transformer was switchable for either 15,000 V or 7500 V. This arrangement was necessary since the SBB decided to supply the Gotthard railway line at start only with 7500 V because the main operation was still steam. The SBB was considering that the carbon black on the insulators of the catenary could lead to shortcuts when very high voltage was used. The low-voltage side of the transformer was bifid and equipped with 11 taps. The two camshaft switches were mounted in longitudinal direction on both sides of the transformer.
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The Genisteae arose 32.3 ± 2.9 million years ago (in the Oligocene). The members of this tribe consistently form a monophyletic clade in molecular phylogenetic analyses. The tribe does not currently have a node-based definition, but several morphological synapomorphies have been identified: > … bilabiate calyces with a bifid upper lip and a trifid lower lip, … the > lack of an aril, or the presence of an aril but on the short side of the > seed, and stamen filaments fused in a closed tube with markedly dimorphic > anthers … and presence of α-pyridone alkaloids. Most (and possibly all) genera in the tribe produce 5-O-methylgenistein.
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Nigersaurus taqueti teeth Although all authorities agree that the rebbachisaurids are members of the superfamily Diplodocoidea, they lack the bifid (divided) cervical neural spines that characterise the diplodocids and dicraeosaurids, and for this reason are considered more primitive than the latter two groups. It is not yet known whether they share the distinctive whip-tail of the latter two taxa. Rebbachisaurids are distinguished from other sauropods by their distinctive teeth, which have low angle, internal wear facets and asymmetrical enamel. Unique among sauropods, at least some rebbachisaurids (such as Nigersaurus) are characterised by the presence of tooth batteries, similar to those of hadrosaur and ceratopsian dinosaurs.
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The genus was originally described in 1836 by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, based on Ipheion uniflorum, separating it from Milla uniflora Graham (now Tristagma). The original description was unifloral inflorescences with white flowers, spathe formed by one bifid bract, staminal filaments independently fused to the perigonial tube and the fruit being a clavate trilocular capsule. Ipheion uniflorum, by John Lindley 1837 (as Triteleia uniflorum) The name then disappeared for more than a century and at various times the species have been included under other related genera (Milla, Tristagma, Brodiaea (including Hookera), Leucocoryne, Nothoscordum, Triteleia and Beauverdia). Several of these genera are now in a completely different but related family (Themidaceae).
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Dragontail mud-puddling Underside similar, but the ground colour opaque brownish black; a broad outwardly ill-defined earthy- grey streak along the base of the wings produced slightly down the dorsal margin of hindwing and along the costa of the forewing; the oblique white band on the hindwing joined by a cross sinuous short white line from the dorsal margin to its apex; below this latter a number of irregular white spots on the tornal area. Antennae, head and thorax black, abdomen dark brownish black; beneath, the palpi, thorax and abdomen greyish; claws of the tarsi bifid. Male with a sex mark or brand.
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The forewings are dark fuscous with the markings ochreous white. There is a fine streak along the costa from the base to the middle, then running very obliquely to near the middle of the termen, posteriorly receiving at acute angles two oblique streaks (the first postmedian) from above the fold. There are streaks from the base just above and below the fold, the upper posteriorly finely bifid, its lower branch finely connected with the postmedian streak, the lower shorter. A slender subdorsal streak is found from the base to an oblique thick streak which almost touches the base of the postmedian streak, then running along the fold to the termen.
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Flowers are organized in verticillasters, subspherical to about one-sided, with 15 to 30 flowers. Each verticillaster consist of two condensed dichasial cymes at axils of normal leaves. Flower has an actinomorphic calyx (length 9–10 mm, width 7 mm), made up by five sepals fused together in a tube with five teeths; and a labiate corolla of 12–13 mm, ranging from pink to pale purple to withish. The corolla consist of a tube of about 6 mm and two lips; the upper one slightly concave (like a hood) and externally hairy; the lower one glabrous, with two minor lateral lobes and a major central bifid lobe.
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Among the Noctuoidea, the Erebidae can be broadly defined by the wing characteristics of the adults with support from phylogenetic studies. The cubital forewing vein, which runs outward from the base of a wing to the outer margin, splits into two (bifid), three (trifid), or four (quadrifid) veins from the medial area to the outer margin. These split veins are named M2, M3, CuA1, and CuA2 in order toward the inner margin. A trifid forewing has either a reduced or vestigial M2 vein or the M2 vein does not connect to the cubital veins, while M2 is as thick as M3 and connects or nearly connects to M3 in a quadrifid forewing.
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The striated frogfish is found in the tropical and subtropical waters from the Indian Ocean to the center of the Pacific Ocean, and in the Atlantic Ocean on the western coast of Africa and from the New Jersey coast to the southern Brazilian coast including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean. The only waters these fish are not found in are the Mediterranean and the Arctic."Encyclopedia of Life: Antennarius" Williams (1989) and Arnold and Pietsch (2012), however, considered Antennarius striatus a species complex, and the putative synonym Antennarius scaber is apparently a distinct species from A. striatus in having a bifid esca and 11-12 pectoral rays.Williams, Jeffrey T. 1989.
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Within the "early stage" Bothrosauropodoidea, Zhao considered Klamelisaurus to be part of the Brachiosauridae, which by his definition included the modern Brachiosauridae alongside Cetiosauridae (as "Cetiosaurinae"), Camarasaurinae, and Euhelopodidae (as "Euhelopodinae"). Among these groups, he considered Klamelisaurus to be closest to Camarasaurinae due to the cervicals being longer than the dorsals; the bifid cervical and dorsal neural spines; the "well-developed" pleurocoels; the relatively short forelimb; and the fibula- femur length ratio. However, he noted that the combination of more than twelve cervicals, thirteen dorsals, five sacrals with four fused, and other characteristics in Klamelisaurus was distinct from these other groups, warranting the creation of a new subfamily. Subsequent literature has not used Zhao's taxonomy for Klamelisaurus.
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Kritsky, Bakenhaster & Adams (2015) wrote that Pseudorhabdosynochus bunkleywilliamsae most closely resembles Pseudorhabdosynochus justinella, a parasite of Epinephelus morio, in the general morphology of the vaginal sclerite and in the shape and number of concentric rows of rodlets in the squamodisc. It differs from P. justinella by having ventral anchors with subequal superficial and deep roots (deep root shorter than superficial root in P. justinella), and a dorsal bar having a bifid lateral end (lateral end with elongate lobe and not bifurcated in P. justinella). While the vaginal sclerites of the two species are very similar, that of P. justinella lacks the tubular extension that apparently gives rise to the proximal vaginal canal in P. bunkleywilliamsae.
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The columella is oblique, nearly straight, ending below in a prominent, obliquely furrowed but not bifid tooth, with a large tubercle at the junction of its upper and middle third, and with a flange throughout its whole length bent towards the umbilicus. The umbilicus is wide and deep, with a funicle winding up its outer side to the tubercle on the columella. The umbilical border overhangs, and has 6 medium-sized tubercles, and is margined by a flat, axially incised, spiral lira, with a threadlet on either side. The colour of the shell is light ashen-grey, with obscure flames of deeper grey or buff, and with numerous small pink dots on the second and third whorls.
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The critic Joseph Bédier (1864–1938), who had worked with stemmatics, launched an attack on that method in 1928. He surveyed editions of medieval French texts that were produced with the stemmatic method, and found that textual critics tended overwhelmingly to produce bifid trees, divided into just two branches. He concluded that this outcome was unlikely to have occurred by chance, and that therefore, the method was tending to produce bipartite stemmas regardless of the actual history of the witnesses. He suspected that editors tended to favor trees with two branches, as this would maximize the opportunities for editorial judgment (as there would be no third branch to "break the tie" whenever the witnesses disagreed).
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The Conchylodes genus group is characterised by hair-like monofilament chaetae on the uncus of the male genitalia, as opposed to the thick bifid chaetae present in most other Spilomelinae. The valva costa is slightly concave, with the ventral sacculus edge being parallel to the costa (which is inflated in Cheverella), and apical of the sacculus, the valva tapers towards a rounded apex. The female genitalia exhibit a strongly sclerotized antrum except for Cheverella, where it is weakly sclerotized. A membraneous appendix bursae is present in Conchylodes, Ercta and Sisyracera, which is attached to the anterior end of the corpus bursae in the former two genera, and to the posterior end in the latter genus.
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Jaguars of these two sites, El Baúl and Piedra Labrada, exhibit also aesthetic similarities as noticed in the 1960s by Miles. Sometimes, as in Xochicalco stele 3; Horcones stele 4 (Chiapas), and a ceramic figurine from Azoyú, Guerrero, Jaguars have bifid tongues, as if recalling a "heart devouring" ancient deity, depicted in the Teotihuacan murals of Atetelco. In 1986, when Carlos Navarrete registered the sculptural body of Cerro Bernal, was the first to propose the iconographic relationship between central Mexico and the Pacific coast, by associating the body glyph and iconography of the Horcones stele 3 with Xochicalco Stela 2. It is now known that this association followed the Guerrero and Costa Chica route, thanks to the two Tlaloc representations located in Chilpancingo.
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The forewings are red-brown with a dark antemedial line oblique from the costa to the submedian fold, then sinuous. There is a small hyaline bar in the middle of the cell, defined by black. There is also a bifid hyaline discoidal spot defined by black, with a slight hyaline streak above the base of vein 7 and two hyaline points beyond the lower angle of the cell, the costal area above the end of the cell is yellowish to just beyond the postmedial line, which is black, forming the outer edge of the hyaline spots, at vein 2 retracted to below the end of the cell, then sinuous to the inner margin. There is a terminal series of black points.
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Description: Flowers nodding, resupinate. Pedicellate ovary terete, to 4 cm long. Sepals and petal dark wine red, spotted white toward the base, membranous; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, to 1.6 cm wide and 7 cm long; petals narrowly ovate, acuminate, to 1.4 cm wide and 6 cm long. Labellum 3-lobed, to 1.6 cm wide and 3 cm long, with a central plate-like callus between the lateral lobes, this callus with two-teeth-like backward and forward projections, the forward projection lightly bifid, a series of irregular, fleshy papillae between the plate-like callus and the base; lateral lobes, falcate, acute, the lateral margins thickened; midlobe trullate, the margins ciliate in the apical half, the upper and lower surface and the margins pailose, the apex rounded, slightly concave.
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Instead, Moore and colleagues noted a bridge of bone connecting the and (processes on the side of the vertebra), which was either fused to the lost sacral rib (as in other sauropods) or was not associated with a rib at all. Zhao's diagnosis noted that the dorsals were opisthocoelous; the dorsals had shallow (neurovascular openings) and simple lamination (ridging); the dorsal neural spines were low, with the first few being bifid and the last few having expanded tips; the sacral centra were fused such that their boundaries were not visible; and the first four sacral neural spines were fused. Moore and colleagues identified two unique features in the dorsals. First, the sides of some of the dorsals bore sets of three posterior centroparapophyseal laminae (PCPLs).
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Androgynous inflorescences usually with female flowers at proximal nodes and male flower at distal nodes. Flowers unisexual, apetalous, disc absent. Male flowers very small, shortly pedicellate, globose in bud; calyx parted into 4 small valvate sepals; stamens 4–8(–16) on a slightly raised receptacle, filaments free or basally connate; anthers with divaricate or pendulous thecae, unilocular, more or less elongated and later becoming vermiform; pollen grains oblate-spheroidal, with 3–5 pseudopores, tectate, psilate; pistillode absent. Female flowers generally sessile or subsessile, pedicellate in a few species; calyx of 3– (4–5) small sepals imbricate, connate at base; ovary of [1–2]3 carpels, surface often muricate, pubescent or papillose; ovules solitary in each cell, anatropes; styles reddish, free or basally connate, several times divided into filiform segment, rarely bifid or entire; staminodes absent.
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The following description of P. guentheri is provided by Beddome (1864: 180): "Scales of the neck in 17 rows; anterior portion of the trunk in 13 rows, of the rest of the body in 15 rows; head-shields as in P. perroteti, only the rostral is not produced so far back. All the scales of the tail 5-6-keeled, and some of the approximated scales of the body also keeled; terminal scale of the tail with four sharp points, and covered with small tubercles; abdominals 172, and a bifid anal; subcaudals 12. Total length , circumference . Colour of the body a bright reddish purple; belly yellow, the yellow colour rising up on the sides of the trunk into regular pyramid-shaped markings, and the purple colour descending in the same way down to the abdominals".
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Zhao stated that the type specimen of Klamelisaurus preserved nine cervicals (neck vertebrae), out of an estimated total of sixteen with a total length of . Moore and colleagues concurred with the number of cervicals, but they noted that the tenth preserved vertebra shows characteristics of both cervicals and (back vertebae). They estimated a total of fifteen to seventeen cervicals, based on other sauropods with similar patterns of vertebral variation, and indicated that Klamelisaurus had a shorter neck than Omeisaurus tianfuensis, Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis, and M. sinocanadorum. Zhao's original diagnosis or list of distinguishing characteristics (which have been reassessed as being widespread among sauropods) noted that the cervicals were (with centra convex in front and concave behind); had centra 1.5 to 2 times the length of the dorsal centra; and had tall , which were bifid (two-pronged) at the back of the neck.
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CLOCKWISE ITIT ILOH GEHE TCDF LENS IIST FANB FSET EPES HENN URRE NEEN TRCG PR&I; ODCT SLOE ANTICLOCKWISE LEIT CIAH GTHE TIDF LENB IIET FONS FSST URES NEDN EPRE HEEN TRTG PROI ONEC SL&C; In 1925 Luigi Sacco of the Italian Signals Corps began writing a book on ciphers which included reflections on the codes of the Great War, Nozzioni di crittografia. He observed that Fleissner's method could be applied to a fractionating cipher, such as a Delastelle Bifid or Four-Square, with considerable increase in security. Grille ciphers are also useful device for transposing Chinese characters; they avoid the transcription of words into alphabetic or syllabic characters to which other ciphers (for example, substitution ciphers) can be applied. After World War I, machine encryption made simple cipher devices obsolete, and grille ciphers fell into disuse except for amateur purposes.
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Facial clefting generally encompasses a wide range of severity, ranging from minor anomalies such as a bifid (split) uvula, to a cleft lip and palate, to major developmental and structural defects of the facial bones and soft tissues. Clefting of the lip and palate occurs during embryogenesis. Additional facial and ortho-dental anomalies that have been described with the syndrome include: hypertelorism (unusually wide-set eyes, sometimes reported as telecanthus), narrow palpebral fissures (the separation between the upper and lower eyelids) and ptosis (drooping) of the eyelids, frontal bossing (prominent eyebrow ridge) with synophris, highly arched eyebrows, wide nasal root and a flattened nasal tip, malar hypoplasia (underdeveloped upper cheek bone), micrognathia (an undersized lower jaw), and prominent incisors. Auditory anomalies include an enlarged ear ridge, and hearing impairment associated with congenital otitis media (or "glue ear", inflammation of the middle ear) and sensorineural hearing loss.
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Van der Woude syndrome is inherited as an autosomal dominant disease caused by a mutation in a single gene with equal distribution between the sexes. The disease has high penetrance at about 96% but the phenotypic expression varies from lower lip pits with cleft lip and cleft palate to no visible abnormalities. Approximately 88% of VWS patients display lower lip pits, and in about 64% of cases lip pits are the only visible defect. Reported clefting covers a wide range including submucous cleft palate, incomplete unilateral CL, bifid uvula, and complete bilateral CLP. VWS is the most common orofacial clefting syndrome, accounting for 2% of CLP cases. The majority of VWS cases are caused by haploinsufficiency due to mutations in the interferon regulatory factor 6 gene (IRF6) on chromosome 1 in the 1q32-q41 region known as VWS locus 1. A second, less common, causative locus is found at 1p34, known as VWS locus 2 (VWS2). More recent work has shown that GRHL3 is the VWS2 gene.
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The Pallister–Hall syndrome, a developmental disorder, in another example, where a functional disorder of a key developmental gene results from a de novo insertion of a 72bp mtDNA fragment into GLI3 exon 14 in chromosome 7, which results in central and postaxial polydactyly, bifid epiglottis, imperforate anus, renal abnormalities including cystic malformations, renal hypoplasia, ectopic ureteral implantation, and pulmonary segmentation anomalies such as bilateral bilobed lungs. A splice site mutation in the human gene for plasma factor VII that causes severe plasma factor VII deficiency, bleeding disease, results from a 251-bp NUMT insertion. As the last known example, a 36-bp insertion in exon 9 of the USH1C gene associated with Usher syndrome type IC is the NUMT. No certain curse has yet found for Usher syndrome, however, a current clinical study on 18 volunteers is taking place to determine the influence of UshStat both in a short and a long-term period.
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Gileadi was hired by BYU to produce footnotes clarifying translation problems in the Hebrew prophets for the LDS edition of the Bible, and he revised the Hebrew translation of the Book of Mormon for the Church's Translation Division. In 1981 he completed Ph.D. in Ancient Studies from Brigham Young University, under the supervision of Hugh Nibley, with a dissertation entitled "A Bifid Division of the Book of Isaiah." In 1988 Gileadi published The Book of Isaiah: A New Translation with Interpretive Keys from the Book of Mormon, followed in 1991 by The Last Days: Types and Shadows from the Bible and the Book of Mormon. Prominent LDS scholars including Hugh Nibley, Truman G. Madsen and Ellis Rasmussen praised his work, but his argument (present in both books and developed at length in the second) that the Isaiah prophesies pointed to a human "Davidic king" who would emerge in the last days, apart from Jesus Christ, was controversial.
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Schwartz writes that the false potto differs from pottos and angwantibos in lacking a bifid (two- tipped) spine on the second cervical vertebra, but Sarmiento found this feature in 3 out of 11 potto specimens he examined. The ulnar styloid process (a projection on the ulna, one of the bones of the forearm, where it meets the wrist) is not as hooked as in other lorisids, according to Schwartz, which Groves suggests may indicate that the wrist is more mobile. Another alleged diagnostic feature is the presence of an entepicondylar foramen (an opening near the distal, or far, end of the bone) on the humerus (upper arm bone); however, Sarmiento found this feature in 4 out of 11 specimens, and on one side of a fifth, and Stump noted that the foramen occurred in specimens from across the potto's range. The lacrimal fossa, a depression in the skull, is located on the upper surface of the skull in most lorisids, but Schwartz found that it was further to the back, inside the orbit (eye socket) in the false potto and the slow loris.
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The vertebral column consists of an atlas (composed of two vertebrae) without ribs; numerous precaudal vertebrae, all of which, except the first or first three, bear long, movable, curved ribs with a small posterior tubercle at the base, the last of these ribs sometimes forked; two to ten so-called lumbar vertebrae without ribs, but with bifurcate transverse processes (lymphapophyses) enclosing the lymphatic vessels; and a number of ribless caudal vertebrae with simple transverse processes. When bifid, the ribs or transverse processes have the branches regularly superposed. The centra have the usual ball and socket joint, with the nearly hemispherical or transversely elliptic condyle at the back (procoelous vertebrae), while the neural arch is provided with additional articular surfaces in the form of pre- and post- zygapophyses, broad, flattened, and overlapping, and of a pair of anterior wedge-shaped processes called zygosphene, fitting into a pair of corresponding concavities, zygantrum, just below the base of the neural spine. Thus the vertebrae of snakes articulate with each other by eight joints in addition to the cup-and-ball on the centrum, and interlock by parts reciprocally receiving and entering one another, like the mortise and tenon jointery.
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Annual with spreading branches, 10–50 cm, glaucous-green or grey-purple, densely glandular- and nonglandular-hairy. Stems paniculately branched; herbage green, pubescent (spreading-viscid and short-glandular-pilose) with long soft white hairs. Leaves of main stem alternate, deeply divided into 3 linear to thread-like segments, 20–40 mm; of the branches entire, few and remote. Inflorescences "leafy" 2—4 flowered small capitate spikes, 15–20 mm, head-like; bracts gland- tipped, of 2 kinds: those subtending the spike 4–7, linear-lanceolate, palmately divided (lobes 3 in lower ½), 10–20 mm; those subtending each flower entire or pinnately divided, 12–18 mm, elliptical, acute, entire, arched outward, purplish. Flower calyx purplish, 10–15 mm (shorter than the inner floral bract), tube 2–4 mm, tip bifid 2–3 mm deep, ca 1/3 of the calyx length; corolla 10–20 mm, erect, straight or nearly so, maroon, puberulent with reflexed hairs; lips subequal in length: galea pale, whitish, with a yellow- tip, finely pubescent and dark purple dorsally: lower lip shorter than upper: throat moderately inflated, 4–6 mm wide; stamens 2: filaments glabrous or nearly so, dilated above base and forming a U-shaped curve near the anther: anther sac 1 (with vestiges of a second), ciliate.
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