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"pedalling" Synonyms
steering travelling(UK) traveling(US) driving cycling riding biking velocipeding pedalling(UK) motoring piloting directing managing guiding handling tooling operating moving navigating rolling controlling impelling propelling playing strumming blowing sounding bowing drumming fiddling fingering performing rendering executing fidgeting fidgetting instrumenting working performing on making music on More

172 Sentences With "pedalling"

How to use pedalling in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "pedalling" and check conjugation/comparative form for "pedalling". Mastering all the usages of "pedalling" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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Cyclists ride in every direction, some ambling slowly, others pedalling furiously.
The party is soft-pedalling its traditional demand for northern separatism.
We need to be on the bicycle, and to keep on pedalling.
If your flashlight dies as you're pedalling deep into the earth, you're probably screwed.
I could see some drum and bass could get you pedalling pretty damn quickly.
Poured in a funnel, beans are transformed into a paste by a grinder activated through pedalling.
Getting there, through some quick pedalling, had been a kind of life-style coming-out within my family.
Then he sat down and began pedalling, filling the bladder with air until the instrument was wheezing and panting.
A cyclist has brought some festive cheer to the streets of London by pedalling an image of a reindeer.
"The government is back-pedalling on fiscal reforms, which could make it difficult for the BOJ to move," she added.
The fusion of man and machine looked top-heavy and precarious, but his pedalling was strikingly efficient, unstrenuous yet powerful.
But North Korea said America's demands were "gangsterish", prompting fears that it was already back-pedalling on its commitment to disarm.
Public hostility recently forced the mayor of Yokohama, one of three proposed sites for the resorts, to begin back-pedalling on her support.
But after a headline in the New York Times declared this week, "China Is Leasing an Entire Pacific Island", frantic back-pedalling ensued.
The first was a high intensity ride in a laboratory involving a ramp test, where pedalling resistance was increased every five minutes until exhaustion.
Whether you agree with their brand of feminism or not, pedalling a message of female solidarity and empowerment in the process can hardly be looked upon with disdain.
Feng showed off the unusual design - a white egret bird pedalling on a bike - at the annual Yilan International Children's Folklore and Folkgame Festival at the weekend, surprising spectators.
TV7 (above the spin bikes), "The News, but Pink for Some Reason" ( NEWS ): No, you're not about to faint, you've only been pedalling on this thing for forty-five seconds.
This road is covered with rocks and dirt Buses with pilgrims hurtle past You squint at a boy pedalling his cycle rickshaw Close, far too close, drops of mud splatter us both.
His room for back-pedalling is limited, though; one of the central themes of his campaign has been that governments must break their habit of promising one thing and then doing another once elected.
"This" turned out to be pedalling a Citibike across a continent: three thousand miles from New York to Santa Monica, all on a 45lb bike with two-inch tires and three very cranky gears.
"Our objective from a technical perspective is to be able to modify what's called the 'instantaneous power reading' from the trainer, so that we lie to Zwift, and convince it we're pedalling really hard," Dixon said.
"Our 'free shots' promotion is not meant to be taken literally, especially when records are shattered," a furiously back-pedalling Paul Greenberg, one of the managing partners at American Social, said in an email to Reuters.
The debate over this possibility is certain to get the market's attention, as are the swings and roundabouts connected with the story, such as the apparent soft-pedalling of the possible murder by U.S. President Donald Trump.
Only occasionally does an image strike a lyrical blow and yield the creepy effect that Clooney is aiming for—Gardner bloodied and bowed, for instance, pedalling pitifully away from us, into the night, on a child's bicycle.
SHANGHAI/BEIJING (Reuters) - China's banking regulator and main bond clearinghouse have asked commercial banks to reduce rates they offer on high-yielding wealth management products (WMPs), five sources told Reuters, an apparent back-pedalling on commitments to let markets price credit.
A back-pedalling Shilton was breached for the first time in the semi-final when Andreas Brehme's shot clipped Parker's heel, but the defender made amends in the dying minutes of the match, setting up Gary Lineker for the equalizer.
"The CGT has started back-pedalling but the hardest thing for it will be to convince its troops to pull out after getting them worked up so much," a leader at another trade union told Reuters on condition of anonymity.
Sitting is so culturally ingrained at work, at the wheel, in front of the TV and at the movies, it takes a great effort to imagine doing these things standing up, let alone pedalling as you work at a "bike desk ".
It was a healthy, normal face, and when you looked at it you could imagine the person it belonged to doing any number of harmless things—pedalling a stationary bicycle, assembling a sandwich, listening to music while driving a car.
That's a high honor for Tesla, especially in tandem with the Model S reputation (despite some back-pedalling on that count at Consumer Reports related to the auto-braking feature on gen 2 hardware cars, which are getting that via update now).
So I went to see what the pop star fragrance market is all about, and, using my millennial know-how, tried to advise my favourite perfume-pedalling divas on what they can do to make their scents' sales – wait for it – STINK less.
In the meantime, some are leaning closer to China, soft-pedalling quarrels over the disputed South China Sea and angling for a slice of Beijing's "One Belt, One Road" infrastructure investment program to compensate for the U.S. abandonment of the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade pact.
"It's either deliberately fuzzy and he is hiding his real plan, which is to privatize the social security system ... or he is genuinely back-pedalling and that means we could, if Fillon is elected, be condemned to five years of immobility," said Florian Philippot, a leading FN official.
If there is no obvious route, a scheme like these might suggest a bicycle from the city's bike-share scheme (if one is close to your front door), followed by a train and then a taxi; an on-demand bus ("hail" it on the app and it will come and pick you up); or a one-way car-share to a tram and a rented "e-bike" with a small electric motor to alleviate the strain of pedalling for the final leg.
But the administration's actions belie her tough talk — all we've seen so far is disdain for NATO; pooh-poohing of the fact that Putin hacked our election to help Trump; denials or soft-pedalling of Flynn's and other Trump aides' contacts with Russia during and after the campaign; the President himself likening our own nation's moral bottom line to that of a murderous Russian dictator; and a "technical fix" that was promptly praised in Moscow as an easing of sanctions.
Riders may choose to synchronise their pedalling through in-phase (IP) or out-of-phase (OOP) pedalling. In in-phase pedalling, each rider's cranks are the same or opposite clock positions at any point in time. In out- of-phase pedalling, both riders have their cranks in differing non-opposite positions. This has the potential for a wide range of variation.
A freewheel mechanism allows a rider to stop pedalling whilst the cycle is still in forward motion. On a cycle without a freewheel mechanism, the rider has to keep pedalling whenever the cycle is moving.
While most historical examples of retro-direct bicycles used the reverse gear for climbing, several modern retro-direct riders prefer pedalling forward when standing to accelerate from rest and climb, and engaging the higher cruising gear while pedalling backwards.
Thomson was an exceptionally fast full-back and was also extremely adept at back-pedalling.
Menzies died at 82 whilst pedalling around Hyde Park Corner, one of the busiest junctions in London.
Drive was to just one of the rear wheels, and only one of the rear wheels had a brake, a small drum item. There was a similar front drum brake. A true moped, the Ariel 3's engine was started by first pedalling and then releasing a decompressor trigger. The rider could assist the little motor on hills by pedalling.
Bob and squat refer to how a suspension, usually rear, responds to rider pedalling. Squat usually refers to how the rear end sinks under acceleration, and bob refers to repeated squat and rebound with each pedal stroke. Both are undesirable characteristics as they rob power from pedalling. Many suspension systems incorporate anti-bob, anti- squat, or "platform" damping to help eliminate bob.
The cartoonist "Vicky" showed Gaitskell pedalling to Blackpool on a tandem with Bevan behind him – then pedalling back again but this time with Bevan in the front saddle (30 November 1959).Campbell 2010, p239 There was much talk that Bevan might now seize the party leadership, but it seems unlikely that he had the stomach for this anymore, not least as he had never wanted to be leader solely for its own sake.
Pedal assisted starts are therefore much recommended. In fact, engine starting can be done by pedalling away from rest with the clutch engaged using the decompressor. Once under way the machine pulls strongly up to about 25 mph but any increase tails off rapidly only just managing 30 mph in favourable conditions. This is no doubt due to the fairly low single speed gearing but it does enable most hills to be tackled without resort to pedalling.
It was along this stretch of the Central Branch that Mile-a- Minute Murphy set a record in 1899, pedalling a bicycle for one mile behind a train in less than one minute.
I'd be up front, pedalling like a drouthy navvy in need of a pint, while Judith reclined on the back of the seat, chomping on a Star Bar and taking in the sights.
For the first day of hosting breakfast for ABC 702, he cycled 4 kilometres to work for his 5:30am shift. He is often spotted around Sydney, pedalling or wearing his bike helmet and cycling clothes.
Somfai, László. Béla Bartók: Composition, Concepts, and Autograph Sources. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996. Although few in actual number, changes made to the Piano Concerto affected the pitch content, pedalling and tempos of several key passages.
This technology auto-adjusts to keep power readings accurate without the need to recalibrate and stop pedalling. To capture data the meters use ANT+ and Bluetooth protocols. This also allows the meter to be updated at any time.
Time saved: 1–1:30 mins. High-quality tires These reduce frontal area and rolling resistance, significant for riders with lower power output. Time saved: 2–4 mins. Cycling shoes Clipless, tri-specific shoes improve one's pedalling and cut transition time.
A bicycle can have a 250 W electric motor providing the top speed is limited to 25 km/h. Also the motor can only assist, rather than replace pedalling. 250-1000 W electric motors can be used, with proper insurance.
Sigma Sport BC 1606L Cyclocomputer displaying cadence In cycling, cadence (or pedalling rate) is the number of revolutions of the crank per minute; this is the rate at which a cyclist is pedalling/turning the pedals. Cadence is directly proportional to wheel speed, but is a distinct measurement and changes with gearing—which determines the ratio of crank rpm to wheel rpm. Cyclists typically have a cadence at which they feel most comfortable, and on bicycles with many gears it is possible to maintain a preferred cadence at a wide range of speeds. Recreational and utility cyclists typically cycle around 60–80 rpm.
Low normal or rapid rise rear derailleurs return the chain to the largest sprocket on the cassette when no cable tension is applied. While this was once a common design for rear derailleurs, it is relatively uncommon today. In mountain biking and off-road cycling, the most critical gear changes occur on uphill sections, where riders must cope with obstacles and difficult turns while pedalling under heavy load. This derailleur type provides an advantage over high normal derailleurs because gear changes to lower gears occur in the direction of the loaded spring, making these shifts easier during high load pedalling.
Derailleurs require the chain to be in movement in order to shift from one ring or sprocket to another. This usually requires the rider to be pedalling, but some systems have been developed with the freewheel in the crankset so that the chain moves even when the rider is not pedalling. The Shimano FFS (Front Freewheel System) circa 1980 was the most widespread such system. Chain-drive systems such as the derailleur systems work best if the chain is aligned with the sprocket plane, especially avoiding the biggest drive sprocket running with the biggest driven sprocket (or the smallest with the smallest).
Right High Pat Horse 右高探馬 36\. Left Separate Foot Kick - Left Parting Leg 左分腳 37\. Turn Body Kick with Heel - Turn Body Pedalling Foot 轉身蹬腿 38\. Brush Knee Push Step Twice 摟膝拗步二度 39\.
In their fourth work, Le Grand Voyage, four audience members, on stationary bikes, play the part of the Yorkshire team in a surreal version of the Tour de France. Pedalling their way towards the finishing line, the Team encounters disparate adversaries, including zombies, burlesque dancers, and dogs on bikes.
In the single-chain system, the chain runs from the top of a chainring attached to the cranks to the top of a sprocket attached to the rear wheel hub with a freewheel, as with most bicycle chain drives. The chain then, usually, wraps around the rear sprocket to an idler sprocket between the rear wheel and the cranks, then runs back to a second sprocket attached to the rear wheel with a second freewheel, and finally returns to the bottom of the chain ring. Other configurations are possible, including one chain for forward pedalling, and a second crossed-chain configuration for reverse pedalling. Only one freewheel is engaged at a time, while the other spins backward freely.
In 1974, Boyd co-founded BMG Publishing with Kenneth McDonald and Orville Gaines. BMG published eight books pertaining to Canadian politics between 1975 and 1979. Boyd began developing a bicycle brake in the 1970s. In the early 1990s he built bicycles called the BMG Suburban, equipped with the back-pedalling brake he invented.
Liszt played Au bord d'une source from his Années de pèlerinage, as well as his arrangement of Schubert's Ave Maria for the musicians. Debussy in later years described Liszt's pedalling as "like a form of breathing." Debussy and Vidal performed their piano duet arrangement of Liszt's Faust Symphony; allegedly, Liszt fell asleep during this.
Arthur Eaglefield Hull. Cyril Scott, Composer, Poet and Philosopher ("Library of Music and Musicians", London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1919). Scott dedicated his Scherzo, Op. 25 to Evelyn Suart. Those who heard Scott play the piano commented on the extraordinary vitality of his playing, above all his always well judged rubato, and subtleties of tone and pedalling.
Most mechs in Dragonmech are powered by steam. They are the widely accepted standards, and the second-cheapest kind of mech around. The different kinds of mech are as follows: Man-powered Mechs - These are powered by slaves turning cranks and pedalling belts to keep the mech going. Favored among orcs, who use this as their primary mechs.
These systems were initially rotated by pedalling on a bicycle frame driving a gear set. A joke of the era "was that one could always identify one of the W.A.A.F. R.D.F. operators by her bulging calf muscles and unusually slim figure". Motorized controls for CHL were introduced in April 1941.Gordon Kinsey, "Bawdsey – Birth Of The Beam", Dalton, 1983.
Track sprinters make a compromise by using particular gear ratios that allows them to reach race speeds at a relatively high cadence (pedalling), around 130-135 rpm (revolutions per minute). Long-distance attempts such as the hour record sometimes use high gear combinations such as 52x12 or 55x14. Ondřej Sosenka used 54x13 with cranks to set the 2005 record.
In 2007, Audi announced the sale of 999 1:2 scale Auto Union Type C pedal cars. The car was designed at Munich design studio. It features hydraulic dual-disc brake and its speed is controlled by the 7-speed hub gear with back-pedalling brake function. The car was made from aluminium space frame and the aluminium body panels.
Blackton played the part of the "Happy Hooligan" pedalling away in the sky. Parker then rewound the film and shot the New York city landscape in the previously blacked-out portion, creating a split-screen effect, albeit, leaving a distinctive line between the two scenes, unlike the "trick" Zecca had used, of a blended line. Both films ran for approximately one minute.
A true messenger bag includes a second, thinner, stabilising strap that is fastened either around the rider's waist or diagonally across the chest. Without a stabilising strap, the bag tends to swing around to the rider's front, making pedalling difficult. Messenger bags are often used as a fashion accessory. Messenger bags have become fashionable in urban environments, among cyclists and commuters.
Retrieved 17 September 2013. He scored a goal on 26 April 2014 in a 4–1 defeat of Aston Villa; from Brad Guzan's clearance, Shelvey "controlled the ball with one touch before propelling it over the back- pedalling American's head and into the net." Shelvey was sent off in a goalless draw at Everton on 1 November 2014, by getting two bookings.
1888 Geared Facile Bicycle in the Coventry Transport Museum chain-drive and rear gear hub A bicycle gearbox with chain tensioner A penny-farthing with direct drive A cyclist's legs produce power optimally within a narrow pedalling speed range. Gearing is optimized to use this narrow range as best as possible. Bicycle drivetrain systems have been developed to convert speed and torque by a variety of methods.
Jason Lewis of Expedition 360 pedalling his boat Moksha on the River Thames in London, shortly before completing the first human-powered circumnavigation of the Earth (2007) PlanetSolar became the first ever solar electric vehicle to circumnavigate the globe. Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of Earth.
The system used two chain-lifters to lift the chain from the sprockets. The cyclist would then back-pedal to disengage the chain and then shift the sprocket cluster laterally to the desired position. It would then engage when the cyclist started pedalling again. To allow for the smaller sprockets to slide into the hub, the larger gears were away from the wheel (unlike modern sprockets).
Two days after he finished the journey back from Bangkok; McDonald made the decision to attempt the world static cycling record, which stood at 224 hours and 24 minutes. It was a challenge he had conceived whilst cycling from Bangkok. He stepped off the exercise bike set up within a marquee in Gloucester after pedalling for a Guinness world record breaking 268 hours – more than eleven days.
Generally has a negative connotation. Sometimes known as a Ride Buyer. ;Pedalfest: (drag racing) where both cars break traction and the drivers have to work the throttle to get the car to regain traction, but keep the car going fast enough to win the race. ;Pedalling: (drag racing) working the throttle to avoid lighting the tires, or as a way to sandbag; "pedalled" it, had to "pedal" it.
"Setright 1979, p. 26: "the layout [was] copied everywhere..."Bonhams: "The 1901 Werner is generally acknowledged as the first powered two-wheeler to carry its engine in the frame where the bicycle's bottom bracket and pedalling gear had been located, and thus is credited as the progenitor of the modern motorcycle. The intake valve was automatic (actuated by atmospheric pressure) and the exhaust valve was cam driven.Louis and Currie, p.
Huffy even introduced a model, called The Wheel, with a steering wheel in place of handlebars. ;Gears Two- speed rear hubs, that the rider shifted by back pedalling, were common, but some featured external rear derailleurs with 3 or 5 gear ratios and automotive-like gear shifters mounted on the top tube. ;Brakes Coaster brakes and rim brakes were common. The 1968 Schwinn Krate models had a front drum brake.
You soon get an impression of speed, all the greater because you've got practically nothing [deux fois rien] between your hands. Two other things I noticed after a few hundred metres: I certainly didn't have the impression of turning 53 × 13, and the Obree position is no obstruction to breathing. But I wasn't pedalling at 55 km/h, 100 turns of the pedals a minute, yet my arms already hurt.
Only relatively uncommon frame designs with single pivots that are concentric with the bottom bracket allow the use of more desirable static chain tensioners. Another consideration is the generally increased amount of pedalling while standing up that is inherent to single speed mountain biking, which increases losses from suspension bob and squat. Therefore, full suspension mountain bikes are fairly rare, with hardtails and rigid bikes being much more common.
Bicycles with small wheels normally have their gearing adjusted to provide the same effective wheel radius as large ones, so pedalling cadence is not different. Smaller wheels tend to weigh less than larger ones, thus bringing the performance benefits of light wheels. Small wheels, all else being equal, have slightly higher rolling resistance. On the other hand, they may have lower aerodynamic drag due to their smaller area, which is proportional to their radius.
Preparations for the record attempt began in 2016. The journey began in Perth, Australia in June 2018 and ended in Kolkata, India. It involved cycling a total of 29,000 km in 159 days, pedalling over 300 km a day, spanning 14 countries. Some hurdles she faced along the journey involved being chased by a grizzly bear in Canada, camping alone for multiple nights in the Russian snow, and being robbed at knife-point in Spain.
Pedelecs include an electronic controller which cuts power to the motor when the rider is not pedalling or when a certain speed – usually or – is reached. Pedelecs are useful for people who ride in hilly areas or in strong headwinds. While a pedelec can be any type of bicycle, a pedelec city bike is very common. A conventional bicycle can be converted to a pedelec with the addition of the necessary parts, e.g.
A "Chromaticon" for Part 4, mentioned in a footnote to the Foreword, had to be abandoned, and was hurriedly replaced with his edition of Eight Etudes by Cramer (BV B 53) first published in 1897. Part 5 likewise consists of already existing pieces. Perhaps, if Busoni had lived longer, he would have included much more. For example, there are no tutorials on the very important technique of pedalling, for which he was particularly well known.
A Japanese soldier emerges depicted with thick glasses and big teeth to pander to contemporary racist stereotyping in America in an effort to demonise the enemy. Popeye uses terms like ‘Jap’ and ‘stormtrooper’ to describe the character and starts firing missiles at him from a plane while the stereotyped character frantically starts pedalling. Popeye manages to blow up the plane and the Japanese man is left holding a typical looking umbrella before falling onto a ‘Jap Scrap Repair Ship’.
Freecoaster hubs are popular among street and flatland riders. A freecoaster allows the rear wheel to roll backwards without engaging the hub and forcing the cranks rotate backwards as they would on a normal freewheel or cassette style hub. However many riders still prefer cassettes as they engage more quickly when pedalling forward and tend to cost slightly less. Freestyle rider performing a jump based stunt On most freestyle, street, and park BMX bikes, the wheels have 36 spokes.
Doyle became a regular in six- day track races during the 1980s, winning 23 six days. As a result, he was and still is Britain's most successful six day rider. He was noted for fluid and rapid pedalling, which brought him an unofficial UK time-trial record for 25 miles on a 72-inch gear in 56m 30s. In 1989 Tony Doyle suffered from a serious head injury and multiple fractures at the Munich Six day.
Also for 2015, a JNR Steam Locomotive that no longer operated on the railway was turned into a Percy replica and sits alongside the Class 9600 that is decorated as Hiro. In 2016, a red bus, decorated into Bertie, was introduced alongside the Troublesome Trucks, which are pulled by the Rusty replica. In 2018, a replica of Winston was introduced and guests can ride and operate him by pedalling. A replica of Flynn was introduced in 2019.
The cardiac stress test is done with heart stimulation, either by exercise on a treadmill, or pedalling a stationary exercise bicycle ergometer, with the patient connected to an electrocardiogram (or ECG). The Harvard Step Test is a type of cardiac stress test for detecting and/or diagnosing cardiovascular disease. It also is a good measurement of fitness, and the ability to recover after a strenuous exercise, and is sometimes used as an alternative for the cardiac stress test.
Wire spokes can be radial to the hub but are more often mounted tangentially to the hub. Tangential spoking allows for the transfer of torque between the rim and the hub. Tangential spokes are thus necessary for the drive wheel, which has torque at the hub from pedalling, and any wheels using hub-mounted brakes such as disk or band brakes, which transfer torque from the rim to the brake in the opposite direction—(via the hub) when braking.
"Breath" is bike built by Hope that combines various found objects, including an electromechanical filtration system, that filters air while pedalling. Although technically operable, it is more of an artistic and theoretical response, rather than practical solution, to Beijing's pollution problem. "Breath" was exhibited in 2012 at Get It Louder, a contemporary art biennial in China. It is regularly mentioned in International news in connection with China's Pollution Crisis and was the inspiration behind Ofo's Smog Free Bicycle.
In 1961 Tom Simpson became the first British winner in a controversial two-man sprint against Italian Nino Defilippis. Defilippis was the faster sprinter, but stopped pedalling too early because a finishing banner had been blown away and was foiled by Simpson.Vanwalleghem, Rik (1991), De Ronde van Vlaanderen, Pinguin, Belgium, , p130 The influence of spectators never ended. Crowds stood in huge masses along the roads and the finish was moved to Gentbrugge, in order to cope with the ever-growing number of spectators.
Sheamus performing his Brogue Kick (running bicycle kick) on Randy Orton An attacking wrestler jumps up and kicks forward with one foot after the other in a pedalling motion, with the foot that gets lifted second being extended fully to catch a charging opponent directly in the face. Another variation sees the attacking wrestler charge at a standing opponent before delivering the attack. Similar in effect to the big boot. This move is used by Sheamus as a finisher, the Brogue Kick.
He moved to San Francisco at age 19, and then to Oregon. While in Oregon, he started performing on his unicycle under the name Jester Max. When he moved back to Leominster years later, he found himself spending hours dancing on his unicycle, and pedalling around town, garnering a front page story in the Worcester Telegram. He moved back to Oregon, where he sought out a new unicycle persona; on a whim, he purchased a pink Lycra unitard costume from a dancewear catalog.
In the meantime, Dave Charnley, had moved up to welterweight and finally retired in December 1964, leaving the British lightweight title vacant. Following his defeat to Carlos Ortiz, Cullen had had three successive victories, and so was in a good position to contest the vacant championship. He fought the Liverpudlian Dave Coventry at Liverpool Stadium in April 1965. Cullen spent fifteen rounds back-pedalling and poking his left jab into Coventy’s face without his opponent being able to do anything about it.
As of 30 May 2012, Australia has an additional new electric bicycle category using the European model of a "Pedelec" as per EN15194 Standard. This means the bicycle can have a motor of 250 watts continuous rated power which must be activated only by pedalling (if above 6 km/h) and must cut out over 25 km/h. The State of Victoria is the first to amend their local road rules to accommodate this new standard as of 18 September 2012.
VeloX3 The VeloX3 bicycle he used has a profiled carbon fibre shell covered with the same type of coating used on Formula One cars. It experiences approximately one-tenth of the drag of a conventional bicycle, and uses a camera on the top for navigation. It was found that hard pedalling led to deformation of the shell, which had to be corrected before the record could be set. Two new shells were used for the racing, with parts from the testing vehicles being reused.
Supporters gather to watch the National Hill Climb. The British National Hill Climb Championship is a hill climbing competition held annually by Cycling Time Trials with the location varying year on year. The first edition was in 1944 and it has been won by some of the best all-round British cyclists, such as Brian Robinson, Paul Curran, Malcolm Elliot, Chris Boardman and Jeff Williams. Historically, competitors often chose to use a fixed gear bicycle for lower weight and the ability to maintain pedalling momentum.
The second movement is in the key of E major, in this context a key relatively remote from the concerto's opening key of C minor (another example being the much later Brahms's first symphony). If the movement adhered to traditional form, its key would be E-flat major (the relative key), A-flat major (the submediant major or subdominant parallel) or C major (the tonic major or parallel key). The movement opens with the solo piano and the opening is marked with detailed pedalling instructions.
The 1st downhill time-trial race took place in Fairfax, California on October 21, 1976 on a fireroad now referred to as Repack Road, due to the need to repack the hub brake after each descent. The bikes used were based on cruiser bicycles that had a drum or coaster brake that worked by pedalling backwards. The mechanism operated with a conical brake shoe being wound on a thread in a metal hub. To prevent the brake from seizing it was kept filled with grease.
A cyclist's legs produce power optimally within a narrow pedalling speed range, or cadence. Gearing can be optimized to use this narrow range as efficiently as possible. As in other types of transmissions, the gear ratio is closely related to the mechanical advantage of the drivetrain of the bicycle. On single-speed bicycles and multi-speed bicycles using derailleur gears, the gear ratio depends on the ratio of the number of teeth on the chainring to the number of teeth on the rear sprocket (cog).
When a rider operates the shifter while pedalling, the change in cable tension moves the chain-guide from side to side, "derailing" the chain onto different sprockets. The rear derailleur also has spring- mounted jockey wheels which take up any slack in the chain. Most hybrid, touring, mountain, and racing bicycles are equipped with both front and rear derailleurs. There are a few gear ratios which have a straight chain path, but most of the gear ratios will have the chain running at an angle.
This test can be used to diagnose coronary artery disease (also known as ischemic heart disease) and assess patient prognosis after a myocardial infarction (heart attack). Exercise-induced stressors are most commonly either exercise on a treadmill or pedalling a stationary exercise bicycle ergometer. The level of stress is progressively increased by raising the difficulty (steepness of the slope on a treadmill or resistance on an ergometer) and speed. People who cannot use their legs may exercise with a bicycle-like crank that they turn with their arms.
Some rollers have an internal flywheel on the back cylinder. This mimics real- world resistance to continuous acceleration and makes it possible to coast for up to 30 seconds. It is possible to remove the front wheel and mount the front fork in a stand (usually sold separately) to duplicate the stability of other bicycle trainers. Some rollers place the roller frame inside an external track so they can move (slide) fore and aft - which allow for simulating extreme pedalling off the saddle, as if climbing a hill.
Cyclists are typically more efficient pedalling cranks with which they have had an adaptation period. Several different formulas exist to calculate appropriate crank length for various riders. In addition to the rider's size, another factor affecting the selection of crank length is the rider's cycling specialty and the type of cycling event. Historically, bicycle riders have typically chosen proportionally shorter cranks for higher cadence cycling such as criterium and track racing, while riders have chosen proportionally longer cranks for lower cadence cycling such as time trial racing and mountain biking.
On tandem bicycles the pedalling contribution of both riders is often combined and coordinated by the crank arms. There may be a second set of chainrings, often on the opposite side from the regular drive train, one on each crank set and connected by a separate chain. The most common implementation has both cyclists pedaling at exactly the same pace and usually in phase, although it is possible to configure the system for out-of- phase pedaling. The most common tandem crankset is a set of four cranks.
This system originated as a cog-driven internal mechanism inside a purpose built bicycle's bottom bracket. In this first "ROTOR Box" design, the drive-side crank had an offset chainring spider with round rings. The drive side crank's gear ratio varied during the pedalling cycle by moving the round chainring upward and downward in regards to the crank's axle. The non-drive side crank was accelerated and decelerated by a gearing mechanism inside the bottom bracket to mimic the gear ratio variation the drive side crank went through, at an exact 180 degree phase-offset.
Then a second or two later he would start pedalling again. Bartali's feat of winning three consecutive mountain stages (13, 14 and 15) in the 1948 Tour de France has never been equalled. It is one of the most astonishing accomplishments in the history of road cycling. It would be 50 years before anyone again won three consecutive stages, when Italian cyclist Mario Cipollini did so in the early (flat) stages of the 1999 Tour de France, winning four consecutive sprint finishes in stages 4, 5, 6 and 7.
In the hamlet was the Railway Inn, the fairly large Bridge House, and Carlbury's own bridge over Dyance Beck, which in turn powered Carlbury Mill. The mill burned down at night in 1889, discovered by a hapless cyclist who, despite great effort by telegraph from Piercebridge and then by pedalling to Darlington, was unable to raise the fire brigade in time to save the mill. The hamlet was mostly derelict by 1939, and all but a few buildings were demolished after World War II in the 1940s before the A67 was built.
Lewis of pedalling his boat Moksha on the River Thames in London, shortly before completing the first human-powered circumnavigation of the Earth (2007) The second half of Jason's human powered circumnavigation journey continued through Southeastern Asia and India before crossing the Arabian Sea to the African shores, from where he aimed north toward the Middle East and Europe, eventually returning to his starting point in England. During his expedition, Lewis twice survived malaria, septicaemia, a bout of mild schizophrenia, and a crocodile attack near Australia in 2005.
Always colourful and controversial, one of his more memorable games was when East London Celtic thrashed Cape Town City 6-3. Towards the end of the game, with Cape Town City players back-pedalling furiously in fear of conceding a seventh goal, Alex Hamilton - with the ball at his feet - decided to show his disdain for the opposition by sitting down on the ball. He later apologised for these actions. East London Celtic, and later as East London United, were something of a bogey side for Cape Town City.
Pedalling was hard work for the rider: there was no freewheel and the pedal gearing was very low. The engine could be started with pedal drive engaged, causing the pedals to rotate under engine power when the bike was in gear. In practice, the cam and shaft arrangement to engage the pedals frequently seized (in normal operation, a rider would very rarely engage pedal-drive as it was less tiring to push than to pedal). The pedals were designed by Henk Dullens, a former employee of "Het Motorpaleis" in The Netherlands.
A Russian Federation commemorative Rachmaninoff coin Rachmaninoff was also involved in various ways with music on piano rolls. Several manufacturers, and in particular the Aeolian Company, had published his compositions on perforated music rolls from about 1900 onwards."Music for the Pianola and the Aeriol Piano", The Aeolian Company, New York, July 1901. His sister-in-law, Sofia Satina, remembered him at the family estate at Ivanovka, pedalling gleefully through a set of rolls of his Second Piano Concerto, apparently acquired from a German source, most probably the Aeolian Company's Berlin subsidiary, the Choralion Company.
Sprocket Rocket was launched at the end of 2010 with the aim of teaching children better cycling skills, setting them up for a lifetime of enjoyment from their bike. Sprocket Rocket focuses on the four main skills involved in cycling; balance, braking, cornering and pedalling, and it works through three "progressions." The focus of the Sprocket Rocket Programme is on fun, learning, and the individual. This means that kids from age 5-11 can improve and progress at their own pace, within a structured programme that is run in an enclosed and safe environment.
When the film premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival in 1997, hundreds of journalists walked out of the screening and those that stayed audibly ridiculed it. Following its release, Le Jour et la Nuit was very harshly criticized by the French media. Gérard Lefort of Libération described the film as "BHL pedalling through guacamole", and it was also panned by Le Monde and Le Nouvel Observateur. The film also did poorly commercially, with only 73,147 seats for Le Jour et la Nuit having been sold two months after its release.
Schematic of a Pedelec Schematic of an E-Bike Deutsche Bahn pedelecs with rear hub motors and batteries placed inside the frames. This is the "Jetstream" from Riese und Müller. A pedelec (from pedal electric cycle) is a type of electric bicycle where the rider's pedalling is assisted by a small electric motor; thus it is a type of low-powered e-bike. However, unlike some other types of e-bikes, pedelecs are classified as conventional bicycles in many countries by road authorities rather than as a type of electric moped.
The firm was already famous for its inventions in the field of the reproduction of music when Welte introduced the Welte-Mignon reproducing piano in 1904. "It automatically replayed the tempo, phrasing, dynamics and pedalling of a particular performance, and not just the notes of the music, as was the case with other player pianos of the time." In September, 1904, the Mignon was demonstrated in the Leipzig Trade Fair. In March, 1905 it became better known when showcased "at the showrooms of Hugo Popper, a manufacturer of roll-operated orchestrions".
More recently the "fixie" has become a popular alternative among mainly urban cyclists, offering the advantage of simplicity compared with the standard multi-geared bicycle. Most bicycle hubs incorporate a freewheel to allow the pedals to remain stationary while the bicycle is in motion, so that the rider can coast, i.e., ride without pedalling using forward momentum. A fixed-gear drivetrain has the drive sprocket (or cog) threaded or bolted directly to the hub of the back wheel, so that the pedals are directly coupled to the wheel.
Kick scooters seldom have a luggage rack, so the rider usually carries any cargo on his back. At low speeds a bicycle is difficult to control while pedalling, which is why cyclists occasionally kick their way through dense traffic or in other conditions where they cannot take advantage of the speed of their machines. Thanks to the low-speed stability of a kick scooter, it is allowed on many footpaths where riding a bicycle is forbidden. Since the feet are nearer to the ground on a scooter, it is easier to step on and off than on a step-through frame bicycle.
Since 1990, Heisig has been intensively engaged with the music of the composer Conlon Nancarrow, who often punched his compositions into paper rolls that were played with player pianos. Since Nancarrow was hardly interested in the duplication and distribution of these rolls, Heisig not only acquired a to interpret the works through nuanced pedalling and actuation of dynamic and tempo levers. He also had a PC-controlled punching machine built to produce and perform Nancarrow's compositions on a music roll. In the meantime, this has resulted in the world's only music roll edition of Nancarrow's works.
Manners frees himself from his gag and reveals his identity to his father, and that he was in love with Denny but she broke up with him and then drowned afterward. Manners tries to revive Denny but fails, and Ulysses leaves the doomed lovers to return to his gang, who strap him into the homemade electric chair (which is powered by pedalling). However, electrocuting Ulysses fails since he is revealed to be already dead (having been, ironically, executed in an electric chair). Having now fully recovered his memory, Ulysses has Big Ed electrocuted for insubordination and thrown with the chair into the bog.
Schmidt (2001), pp. 26–27 In the same year he became the pupil of the pianist Ricardo Viñes. The biographer Henri Hell comments that Viñes's influence on his pupil was profound, both as to pianistic technique and the style of Poulenc's keyboard works. Poulenc later said of Viñes: The pianist Ricardo Viñes, with whom Poulenc studied from 1914 > He was a most delightful man, a bizarre hidalgo with enormous moustachios, a > flat-brimmed sombrero in the purest Spanish style, and button boots which he > used to rap my shins when I didn't change the pedalling enough.
A French writer who tried it said the narrow handlebars made it hard to accelerate the machine in a straight line but, once it was at speed, he could hold the bars and get into Obree's tucked style. :At a high enough speed, [I could] tuck in my arms. And, above all, get in a very forward position on the bike, on the peak of the saddle. The Obree position isn't advantageous simply aerodynamically, it also allows, by pushing the point of pedalling towards the rear, to benefit from greater pressure while remaining in the saddle.
Then came the West Germans in the semi finals, Shilton's 124th England game. It was goalless at half time, but shortly after the restart Shilton was beaten by Andreas Brehme's deflected free kick that looped off Paul Parker's shin and dropped into the net over Shilton's head, despite his back pedalling attempts to tip the ball over. Lineker's late equaliser salvaged a draw for England but Shilton could not get close enough to any of the penalties taken by the Germans in the deciding shoot out, while England missed two of theirs and went out of the tournament.
In between Erik Zabel's wins, Andrei Tchmil won the 1999 contest, after he launched a decisive attack under the one-kilometer banner and narrowly stayed ahead of the sprinting peloton, with Zabel coming in second place. In 2004 Zabel could have won a fifth time, but lost to Óscar Freire only because he lifted his arms to celebrate and stopped pedalling too early. Freire would go on to secure a total of three Primavera wins in later years. In 2008 the finish was moved to a different location for the first time in 59 years, due to road works on the Via Roma.
The music video for the song was a visually comic one that portrayed the Chicks as brides at a triple wedding. Before the ceremony is over, they reveal they are wearing sneakers instead of bridal shoes, and they run away, jumping on the back of a garbage truck and then pedalling away on bicycles. The jilted grooms chase them through the neighborhood, and they all end up back at the wedding site, engaging in a friendly food fight before joining in a circle dance. At the conclusion, the still-unmarried Chicks are seen collapsing to the grass by themselves in exhaustion.
She has received negative reception for some of her work. For 2008 Mumbai attacks, she was blamed for sensationalising the events, putting lives at risk and causing deaths by identifying on live television where the hotel guests might be located. Britta Ohm wrote in 2011 that Dutt is criticised for "secular shrillness", betraying the cause of Kashmiri Pandits, over-the-top nationalism in the reporting of Kargil conflict, and for soft- pedalling Hindutva. Dutt who was group editor of NDTV moved to the role of consulting editor in February 2015 and after 21 years, she left in January, 2017.
Having been refused permission to travel through Siberia, he set off on 10 March 1886 through Afghanistan although its borders were closed to foreigners and its guards had a fierce reputation. Upon entering the country, Stevens was arrested. As guards took him to his place of detainment, he entertained them with a demonstration of his bicycle, pedalling far ahead of them until an officer caught up on horse and had him wait for the on-foot soldiers to catch up. He was kept in a villa where he was fed well and gifted new boots, soap and biscuits imported from England.
Mountain bikes and hybrid bikes often have gears with a moderate relative difference of around 15%; this allows for a much larger gear range while having an acceptable step between gears. 3-speed hub gears may have a relative difference of some 33% to 37%; such big steps require a very substantial change in pedalling speed and often feel excessive. A step of 7% corresponds to a 1-tooth change from a 14-tooth sprocket to a 15-tooth sprocket, while a step of 15% corresponds to a 2-tooth change from a 13-tooth sprocket to a 15-tooth sprocket.
An encyclopedic overview can be found in Chapter 9 of "Bicycling Science" which covers both theory and experimental results. Some details extracted from these and other experiments are provided in the next subsection, with references to the original reports. Factors which have been shown to affect the drive-train efficiency include the type of transmission system (chain, shaft, belt), the type of gearing system (fixed, derailleur, hub, infinitely variable), the size of the sprockets used, the magnitude of the input power, the pedalling speed, and how rusty the chain is. For a particular gearing system, different gear ratios generally have different efficiencies.
Anquetil was a smooth rider, a beautiful pedalling machine according to the American journalist Owen Mulholland: > The sight of Jacques Anquetil on a bicycle gives credence to an idea we > Americans find unpalatable, that of a natural aristocracy. From the first > day he seriously straddled a top tube, "Anq" had a sense or perfection most > riders spend a lifetime searching for. Between 1950, when he rode his first > race, and nineteen years later, when he retired, Anquetil had countless > frames underneath him, yet that indefinable poise was always there. > The look was that of a greyhound.
Stephen Roche (; born 28 November 1959) is an Irish former professional road racing cyclist. In a 13-year professional career, he peaked in 1987, becoming the second of only two cyclists to win the Triple Crown of victories in the Tour de France and the Giro d'Italia general classification, plus the World road race championship, the first was Eddy Merckx. Roche's rise coincided with that of fellow Irishman Sean Kelly. Although one of the finest cyclists of his generation and admired for his pedalling style, he struggled with knee injuries and never contended in the Grand Tours post-1987.
In 1931 he left again for Britain, where he gave performances of his own works at the Lyceum, at the George Woodhouse Studio in London, and in Glasgow. He also gave a number of performances for the BBC. After remaining in Britain for three years, Agnew returned home again in December 1934 for a tour sponsored by the Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC), and in September of that year, he advertised a series of private lessons in "Practical Composition" and in "General Interpretation and the art of Pedalling" in Melbourne. In May of the following year he gave two radio recitals of his works.
Some consider that the enforced fast spin when descending increases suppleness or flexibility, which is said to improve pedalling performance on any type of bicycle; however the performance boost is negligible compared to the benefits of riding a free wheel. Selected extract. Riding fixed is considered by some to encourage a more effective pedaling style, which it is claimed translates into greater efficiency and power when used on a bicycle fitted with a freewheel. It allows for the rider to engage in and practice proper cadence, which is the balanced and rhythmic flow of pedaling, enhancing performance for both cyclist and bicycle.
The left and right crank arms speed up and slow down independently, relative to the chainrings during the pedalling cycle. The mechanism causing this is designed by ofsetting the axis of rotation of the crank spindle and spider, then connecting the spider to the individual crank arms via two independent links. As the crank rotates, the distance between the axle and spider varies. By placing a pivot point on the crank arm and the spider and connecting these via linkages, the varying axle to spider distance pivots the linkages up and down, pushing the cranks forward and pulling them backward relative to the chainrings during the rotation.
The South Farmingdale station had a sheltered platform South Farmingdale Station Shelter (1963 Photo by Dave Keller) and was the last station in service along this branch, discontinued on June 26, 1972. Today, there are several freight customers located along the branch, which is served several times weekly by the New York & Atlantic Railway. It was along this stretch of the Central Branch that Mile-a-Minute Murphy set a record in 1899, pedalling a bicycle for one mile behind a train in less than one minute. As part of the 2020-2024 MTA Capital Program, the Central Branch is proposed to be electrified with third rail.
After European ambassadors wrote an open letter, praising 45 years of Sino-European relations, they found that China Daily, which is a state-controlled media outlet, refused to publish unless it was significantly changed. In particular, that references to the origins of Coronavirus disease 2019 coming from China be removed. The Europeans quickly accommodated this request. As the head of the German parliament's foreign affairs committee, Röttgen criticised the European back-pedalling: > I am shocked not once but twice: First the EU ambassadors generously adopt > Chinese narratives and then on top of that the EU representation accepts > Chinese censorship of the joint op-ed.
Probably not. And after an episode more focused, poignant, and yes, Trump-centric than last week's sloppy premiere, I'm not sure I want them to." Writing for Den of Geek, David Crow gave it 4.5 out of 5 stars, and stated "This is brilliant satire. After swinging and whiffing in a major way last week by soft-pedalling the bigotry of the alt- right and the Charlottesville disgrace, Matt and Trey came out hard and channeled their own evident anxiety and dismay about having a madman with his hand over the red button in a staring contest with an even madder man with nukes of his own.
Having surmised that the porridge is too hot to eat, the Bears decide to take a ride. While looking in the mirror, Mama dons her hat and turns the mirror over to see how it looks from the back (in the mirror we see a reflection of her back side). As they all head for the door, Baby exits from the small door, Mama from the medium-sized door, and Papa from the large door. We see them riding through the forest on a tricycle when Mama and Papa decide to take a break from pedalling, leaving Baby to relentlessly power the tricycle (out of fear of having an accident).
A VéloSoleX motorized bicycle A motorized bicycle is a bicycle with an attached motor or engine and transmission used either to power the vehicle unassisted, or to assist with pedalling. Since it always retains both pedals and a discrete connected drive for rider-powered propulsion, the motorized bicycle is in technical terms a true bicycle, albeit a power-assisted one. However, for purposes of governmental licensing and registration requirements, the type may be legally defined as a motor vehicle, motorbike, moped, or a separate class of hybrid vehicle. Powered by a variety of engine types and designs, the motorized bicycle formed the prototype for what would later become the motorcycle.
The term "pedelec" (from pedal electric cycle) refers to a pedal-assist e-bike with a relatively low-powered electric motor and a decent but not excessive top speed. Pedelecs are legally classed as bicycles rather than low-powered motorcycles or mopeds. The most influential definition of pedelecs comes from the EU. EU directive (EN15194 standard) for motor vehicles considers a bicycle to be a pedelec if: # the pedal-assist, i.e. the motorised assistance that only engages when the rider is pedalling, cuts out once 25 km/h is reached, and # when the motor produces maximum continuous rated power of not more than 250 watts (n.b.
Setting his head in his own peculiar style on one side, partly over > the front wheel, with grim determination and speedy pedalling he never fails > to bring the field back to him. From 1896 to 1901 he raced in various parts > of the world, and his marvellous unpaced efforts never failed to send the > crowds wild with excitement. In the early 1900s Gascoyne quietly dropped out of European racing and emigrated to Australia with his racing colleague H. Brown, a handicap specialist. They did manual work for several years but when they arrived in Newcastle they started entering cycle races using the pseudonyms of Mills and Atkinson.
She tells him that her father has locked her in her room and she tries to persuade her father to release her so that she can feed Charlie, his pet gorilla, but he refuses and instead instructs Helen's fiancé and the two detectives to feed Charlie. Bing arrives at the house and, beneath her window, sings 'Lovable'. Helen manages to climb through the window and they drive off in his car pursued by her father, the two detectives and Charlie the gorilla who had escaped while attempts were being made to feed him with fresh cow's milk. Helen's fiancé, clad in his nightshirt, brings up the rear furiously pedalling a bicycle.
The ergonometer test (also known as the ergonometer Anaerobic Test (WAnT)) is an anaerobic exercise test, most often performed on a stationary bicycle, that measures peak anaerobic power and anaerobic capacity. The test, which can also be performed on an arm crank ergometer, consists of a set time pedalling at maximum speed against a given resistance. The prototype test based on the Cumming’s test was introduced in 1974, at the Wingate Institute and has undergone modifications as time has progressed. The Wingate test has also been used as a basis to design newer tests in the same vein, and others that use running as the exercise instead of cycling.
AeroVelo's Atlas human-powered helicopter shortly after its first flight A human-powered helicopter (HPH) is a helicopter powered solely by one or more humans carried on board. As in other human-powered aircraft, the power is usually generated by pedalling. It remains a considerable engineering challenge to obtain both the power-to-weight ratio and rotor efficiency required to sustain a helicopter in flight. On 13 June 2013, the AeroVelo Atlas was the first to complete a flight that lasted 64 seconds and reached an altitude of 3.3 metres, thus winning the American Helicopter Society (AHS) International's Igor I. Sikorsky Human Powered Helicopter Competition.
A three-position throttle placed under the right handlebar varies the electric power and thus the amount of pedaling required to keep going, although the Zike has only one gear. Battery life is said to be between 30 minutes and three hours depending on which of the three running speeds are used. The batteries can be fully recharged by plugging them into the mains for just one hour, and they are also recharged regeneratively using the energy from pedalling, freewheeling, and braking. The maximum speed of the bicycle operating under its own power was kept below 15 miles per hour to prevent it being classified as a motorcycle under UK law.
A track bicycle or track bike is a form of fixed-gear bicycle optimized for racing at a velodrome or at an outdoor track. Some road racing and club cyclists use a fixed-gear bicycle for training during the winter months, generally using a relatively low gear ratio, believed to help develop a good pedalling style. In the UK until the 1950s it was common for riders to use fixed-gear bicycles for time trials. The 1959 British 25 mile time trial championship was won by Alf Engers with a competition record of 55 minutes 11 seconds, riding an 84-inch fixed-gear bicycle.
Such a hub only has the normal right-handed threads for the sprocket and not the reverse threads for the lockrings used on track/fixed hubs. The sprocket on a hub without a lockring may unscrew while back pedalling. Even if a bottom bracket lockring is threaded onto the hub, along with a track sprocket, because the bottom-bracket lockring is not reverse threaded, the possibility still exists that both the sprocket and locknut can unscrew. Therefore, it is recommended to have both front and rear brakes on a fixed-gear bicycle using a converted freewheel hub in case the sprocket unscrews while backpedaling.
Dr Niels Vollaard at the University of Stirling proposed that when high-intensity intervals are done at ‘all-out’ intensities, associated health benefits plateau after performing 2 or 3 sprint repetitions. This led to the development of a 10-minute exercise routine consisting of easy pedalling interspersed with two 20-second ‘all-out’ cycling sprints. In a 2017 meta-analysis, Vollaard indeed showed that common protocols with as many as 6 to 10 repetitions of 30-second ‘all-out’ sprints do not improve aerobic fitness more than the ‘2x20-s’ protocol. It is claimed that this short protocol may remove many of the drawbacks that make other high-intensity interval training protocols unsuitable for the general population.
The pneumatic tire made all of these obsolete, and frame designers found a diamond pattern to be the strongest and most efficient design. On 10 October 1889, Isaac R Johnson, an African-American inventor, lodged his patent for a folding bicycle – the first with a recognisably modern diamond frame, the pattern still used in 21st-century bicycles. The chain drive improved comfort and speed, as the drive was transferred to the non-steering rear wheel and allowed for smooth, relaxed and injury free pedaling (earlier designs that required pedalling the steering front wheel were difficult to pedal while turning, due to the misalignment of rotational planes of leg and pedal). With easier pedaling, the rider more easily turned corners.
Pontes Ibiapina said that the supplemental budget decrees were published to aid programs such as the transfer of resources to States and Municipalities, by the and other programs. Former Ministry of Agrarian Development Patrus Ananias testified on 27 June. Ananias said that he did not acknowledge the "tax pedalling" and the resources were transferred from the Bank of Brazil directly to producers at subsidized interest rates, due to the attention that agriculture deserved. On 28 June were heard , former Executive Secretary of the Ministry of Agrarian Development; Aldo Rebelo, former Ministry of Defence; Luís Inácio Adams, former General's Office attorney; and Antônio Carlos Stangherlin Rebelo, who was responsible for analysis of supplemental credits on the National Justice Council.
A bicycle, which is designed to be propelled by human power using pedals, may have an electric or petrol powered motor attached provided the motor's maximum power output does not exceed 200 watts. As of 18 September 2012, the Victorian road rules have changed to enable a pedelec to be used as a bicycle in Victoria. The change will allow more options of power assisted pedal cycles under bicycle laws. A pedelec is defined as meeting EU standard EN15194, has a motor of no more than 250w of continuous rated power and which is only to be activated by pedalling, when travelling at speeds of between 6 km/h and 25 km/h.
The French historian Pierre Chany wrote: > In Paris, 'pedalling machines' proliferated, characterised by wheels of 1m > or 1m 10 in front and 80cm at the back. Their riders gave exhibitions in > which they rivalled each other in technique and vigour. Seeing these > demonstrations, the Ollivier brothers, who controlled the Compagnie > Parisienne,The Compagnie Parisienne marketed velocipedes made by the Michaux > family and eventually took over their company decided to hold a race on 31 > May 1868 in the Parc de St-Cloud, made available to them by their Imperial > MajestiesThe park was established by the Royal Family as a hunting ground > and remained in the hands of the Empire that replaced the monarchy.
The C5 was poorly designed; it was heavy, had only one gear and had no adjustment for the distance between the pedals and the seat, which is important to get a comfortable pedalling position. A concept and a potential assessment concerning low-cost velomobiles for daily short trips as well as strategies for reaching a critical lot size for mass production was the subject of a research project called RegInnoMobil.Research project "RegInnoMobil" about low-cost velomobiles for short daily trips Retrieved on 19 January 2010. Velomobiles have also been used in Australian HPV Super Series since 1985, and more recently, other events in Australia like the RACV Energy Breakthrough, the Fraser Coast Technology Challenge, and the Victorian HPV Series.
He was distinctive in the peloton for his lean, long-legged appearance, his smooth pedalling style and his long hair. He rode in support of riders such as Joop Zoetemelk, whom he could pace over mountains at impressive speed, but he was also capable of winning on his own. Success came to him early and, he said in an interview with the author Jan Siebelink ("Pijn is genot") that he had trouble coping when that success began to dry up. Van der Velde said he remembered shivering at the start of an Italian race, the skin of his arms wrinkled in goosebumps, because of the amphetamine he had taken just to start.
This style is commonly found on racing bicycles with two chainrings. The relative step on the chainrings (say 35%) is typically around three or four times the relative step on the cogset (say 8% or 10%), e.g. chainrings 39-53 and close-range cogsets 12-13-14-15-16-17-19-21 or 12-13-15-17-19-21-23-25. This arrangement provides much more scope for adjusting the gear ratio to maintain a constant pedalling speed, but any change of chainring must be accompanied by a simultaneous change of 3 or 4 sprockets on the cogset if the goal is to switch to the next higher or lower gear ratio.
According to his evidence, he realised the dire predicament he was now in, and worried over the matter for 'some time' before deciding to do nothing beyond removing his bicycle from where he normally stored it to the attic. He claimed he had failed to come forward in response to the police and media appeals to avoid worrying his ailing mother. However, in October 1919, Light took his bicycle from the attic, before proceeding to file off the serial numbers from the frame. He took the bicycle to the Upperton Road Bridge in Leicester, where he first detached the rear wheel (because the machine had a distinctive back- pedalling brake), then continued dismantling the bicycle.
In the episode's commentary, writer Russell T Davies called the implication of Jack's nickname ("the Face of Boe") "a theory" as to the Face of Boe's origins, prompting Executive Producer Julie Gardner to urge him to "stop back-pedalling" about the two characters being the same. Davies then mentioned the addition of a line in "Gridlock" in which the Face of Boe calls the Doctor an "old friend", suggesting a strong connection between him and the Doctor. Davies also jokingly termed the hand seen removing the Master's ring from the ashes of his funeral pyre "the hand of the Rani". The hand seen picking up the Master's ring was included in order to leave open the possibility of reintroducing the character at a later date.
Flutter kick is suitable for long distances at moderate speeds, and long elastic blades are more efficient for converting power into thrust. Flutter kick is the alternating up and down motion of the legs, either from the hips or as the more restricted movement of the modified flutter kick, and is the most frequently used finning technique. Flutter kick is easy to learn and is the technique most commonly taught to learner divers, but is often applied badly, where the fin is moved in a "pedalling motion", which reduces the effort required to move the feet, at the cost of making the effort largely ineffective for propulsion. Almost all types of fin are at least reasonably effective for flutter kick, with the exception of the monofin.
Born in Strood, Kent, England, Wiles began cycling when his parents, Joan and 'Sailor' (Earnest), took him and his sister, Hilary, with them in sidecars attached to their bicycles. He joined the local branch of the Youth Hostels Association and rode with enthusiasts there until a colleague at work at the BP refinery on the Isle of Grain in Kent, south-east England, persuaded him to join the Medway Road Club. He rode his first 10-mile time trial when he was 15 and finished in 26m 47s on a heavy bike with a fixed gear A fixed gear connects the pedals by chain to the back wheel with neither gearing nor a freewheel, so the rider is committed to pedalling throughout and John Bull Safety tyres.
Hakim then pulled the car door open and shot Moyne three times. The first bullet hit him in the neck on the right side, just above the clavicle, the second penetrated his abdomen, punctured his colon and large intestine, and became embedded to the right of the second lumbar vertebrae, while the third shot, fired after Moyne raised his right hand, ripped across four of his fingers and went in and out of his chest, causing no serious injuries.Bell, Bowyer J.: Terror out of Zion (1976) Hakim and Bet-Zuri ran out of the yard, jumped on their rented bicycles, and began pedalling down the street away from the scene. Major Hughes-Onslow rushed to the sentry box and raised the alarm.
Since cyclists' legs are most efficient over a narrow range of pedaling speeds, or cadence, a variable gear ratio helps a cyclist to maintain an optimum pedalling speed while covering varied terrain. Some, mainly utility, bicycles use hub gears with between 3 and 14 ratios, but most use the generally more efficient dérailleur system, by which the chain is moved between different cogs called chainrings and sprockets in order to select a ratio. A dérailleur system normally has two dérailleurs, or mechs, one at the front to select the chainring and another at the back to select the sprocket. Most bikes have two or three chainrings, and from 5 to 11 sprockets on the back, with the number of theoretical gears calculated by multiplying front by back.
However, it had flaws in the execution that doomed it as a practical, everyday vehicle. Positive features, such as easily adjustable and comfortable seats, independent pedalling for both passenger and driver, adequate cargo space and relatively good weather protection, could not overcome the negative features, such as a complex, heavy and badly spaced three-speed gear box, ineffective brakes, and pedals that slid on sleeve bearings on steel shafts, which made it difficult to use as an everyday vehicle. In Sweden, a two-seat design called Fantom was sold as blueprints and became very popular; over 100,000 copies of the blueprints were sold, but few were actually completed. The downfall of these early 'bicycle' cars came when the economy improved and people chose motorised transport.
Depending on the size of the velodrome, this event can be from 250 m to 1000 m. Unlike the sprints in athletics, these events do not usually start with riders sprinting from the starting line and they are not confined to lanes. The early parts of each race will often be highly tactical with riders pedalling slowly, as they carefully jockey for position, often trying to force their opponents up high on the track in an attempt to get their rivals to make the first move. Some even bring their bicycles to a complete stop, balanced upright with both feet still on the pedals and both hands on the handle bars (a track stand), in an attempt to make the other rider take the lead.
These multi-use trails are designed exclusively for foot traffic and cyclists and pass through many communities in the Greater Victoria area, beginning at the downtown core and extending into areas such as Langford and Central and North Saanich. Bike to Work Week VictoriaSmith, Ray, Pedalling Bike-To-Work-Week, Times Colonist. 26 April 2006Bike to Work Next Week, Black Press, 26 May 2006New Cycling Commuter Sings Praises of Bike to Work Week, Victoria News, 31 May 2006 is a bi-annual event held in communities throughout greater Victoria, British Columbia. It is organized by the Greater Victoria Bike to Work Society with a Spring bike to work week scheduled in late May every year and a Fall bike to work week scheduled in October.
Okhwan Yoon is a South Korean peace activist who has traveled to 193 countries by bicycle since 2001 in order to reunify the Korean peninsula."Okhwan Yoon - Pedalling for Peace" by Laila Azzeh, The Jordan Times, September 10, 2010"No detour around danger for globe-gliding cyclist" by Don Norcross, The San Diego Union-Tribune, October 17, 2008"International Cyclist, Okhwan Yoon visits The Bahamas" by Andre Cartwright, The Bahamas Weekly, March 17, 2009 He is also a philosopher, writer, political analyst and peace activist. Okhwan Yoon got his first bike when he was 6 years old and started to cycle around the rooms of his family home. In his teenage years, after coming back from school, he would ride around the villages near Seoul until it got dark.
Shimano 600 front derailleur (1980) Derailleur gears are a variable-ratio transmission system commonly used on bicycles, consisting of a chain, multiple sprockets of different sizes, and a mechanism to move the chain from one sprocket to another. Although referred to as gears in the bike world, these bicycle gears are technically sprockets since they drive or are driven by a chain, and are not driven by one another. Modern front and rear derailleurs typically consist of a moveable chain-guide that is operated remotely by a Bowden cable attached to a shifter mounted on the down tube, handlebar stem, or handlebar. When a rider operates the lever while pedalling, the change in cable tension moves the chain-guide from side to side, "derailing" the chain onto different sprockets.
Time-trial bikes provide a significant aerodynamic advantage over standard road bikes. If a rider averages 75–80 minutes to complete a 40 km course on a road bike, using a traditional metal frame, shallow rimmed wheels, and standard road bike components, including a down-tube mounted water-bottle, then switching these road components to the aerodynamic counterparts could shave the following times off their total ride. Positioning Pro and elite level cyclists turn to the wind-tunnels to constantly seek refinement and improvements in their individual time trial on-the-bike positioning. Professionally measured, out-on-the-road tested positioning (arms inwards as much as physiologically possible, knees in pedalling, head and body in better alignment in the time trialing, aero position, etc.) will see as much as a 6-minutes improvement in non-aero or former poor aero positioning.
In Nine Inches (2011), the four-year-old son of Jack Caramac, a shock jock radio broadcaster and old friend of Dan Starkey, is kidnapped for one hour and returned unharmed. Starkey, now a self-styled "upmarket private eye", is hired to investigate the kidnapping and ascertain who might have been behind it – a significant task given the number of people offended by Caramac's illustration of the crime and corruption prevalent throughout Belfast. Starkey's investigations lead him to the Miller brothers, officially the Chiefs of Staff for the Ulster Volunteer Force, although viewed by Starkey as merely a group of Shankill Road thugs intent on pedalling drugs across Belfast. The Millers have been attempting to evict a widow named Jean Murray from her house and Starkey intervenes, hoping his knowledge of their drug operation would dissuade any repercussions.
It is during his period in New York when Jonás had the unprecedented idea of starting a correspondence with all of the great musicians and pianists he had met throughout his life as a wandering musician, asking them personally to collaborate with their own ideas on pianism towards the publication of a treatise on piano playing that would include the main currents in modern virtuosity. The pianists even agreed to write their own technical exercises specifically for Jonás book, as well as sharing their own ideas on technique, pedalling, fingering, practicing methods, phrasing, memorizing, etc., and also taking exclusive photographs of themselves and their hands playing in order to illustrate some points. In the early 1920s he started putting together all the material he had amassed from the correspondence and began writing what he would later title Master School of Modern Piano Playing and Virtuosity, in seven volumes.
Peter Bartók's intent, in association with Nelson Dellamaggiore, was to reprint and revise past editions of both scores, as well as to eradicate the many printed errors identified but never corrected by his father. Although few in actual number, changes made to the Piano Concerto affected the pitch content, pedalling, and tempos of several key passages. Overall, the revisions included including pencil markings by the composer in the final manuscript, not reproduced in the final photo- reproduction; adding revisions based on initial sketches by Béla Bartók; incorporating suggestions by editors and musicians involved in past performances of the Concerto; correcting typographical errors; and correcting errors in the printed piano part, appearing only in the two-piano reduction of the score. In 1994, Kasparov was soloist with the Columbus Indiana Philharmonic (formerly Columbus Pro Musica) in the world premiere of the revised edition of Béla Bartók's Piano Concerto No. 3.
The physharmonica resembles a small harmonium, but is differentiated from it by having no stops, being without percussion action, having only a 4 octave compass, and not speaking readily or clearly. As with the harmonium, the bellows are worked by the feet by an alternate movement, which also affords a means of varying the dynamic force of the tone according as more or less energetic pedalling increases or decreases the pressure of the wind supply. The physharmonica was invented in 1818 by Anton Haeckl, of Vienna; in the original instrument the bellows were placed right and left immediately under the shallow wind-chest, and were worked by means of pedals connected by stout wire. A specimen, having a compass of four octaves and a very sweet tone, is preserved in the collection of Paul de Wit, formerly in Leipzig, transferred to Cologne and then back to Leipzig's Grassi Museum.
In 1921, the K hub was introduced as an updated and improved version of the X, later FX hub (following the introduction of fine axle threading) - it is the Model X which was manufactured under license by BSA as their 3 speed hub until 1956. The new K model three speed had ratios of 75%, 100%, and 133%, the same as the later AW, however its internal workings were substantially different. Most notable was the 6-prong ramped sliding clutch which was mounted between springs, this gave the advantage of lateral movement being possible without shifter movement and allowed gears to be pre-selected while pedalling, the ratio would change when pedal force was relaxed, freeing the mechanism to slide into the new gear and under spring pressure. The ramped clutch dogs and sprung mount also permitted the K hub to be without a neutral position between the 'Normal' direct drive gear, and the 'High' overdrive gear, both the SW and AW (until the mid 1990s) have this neutral position.
To achieve such consistent relative differences the absolute gear ratios should be in logarithmic progression; most off-the-shelf cogsets do this with small absolute differences between the smaller sprockets and increasingly larger absolute differences as the sprockets get larger. Because sprockets must have a (relatively small) whole number of teeth it is impossible to achieve a perfect progression; for example the seven derailleur sprockets 14-16-18-21-24-28-32 have an average step size of around 15% but with actual steps varying between 12.5% and 16.7%. The epicyclic gears used within hub gears have more scope for varying the number of teeth than do derailleur sprockets, so it may be possible to get much closer to the ideal of consistent relative differences, e.g. the Rohloff Speedhub offers 14 speeds with an average relative difference of 13.6% and individual variations of around 0.1%. Racing cyclists often have gears with a small relative difference of around 7% to 10%; this allows fine adjustment of gear ratios to suit the conditions and maintain a consistent pedalling speed.
The overall form is produced from this series in a complex way, resulting in a seven-phase form, to which Stockhausen added an eighth, preliminary section which compresses the seven main phases into a single one . There are at least thirteen separate dimensions organised into seven-degree scales : # "characters" of chords (1–7 notes) #characters of clusters (3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, or 36 notes per cluster) #global (or "basis") durations (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 units) #action/rest durations #note values dividing the action durations (1 to 7 divisions) #attack densities (a two-dimensional scale, or 7 × 7 matrix) #degrees of order/disorder #dynamics (, , , , , , ) #range (bandwidth) #forms of motion #sound-characteristic (chained clusters, repetitions, arpeggio, etc.) #rests #shaping sound by pedalling Pitches are the only thing not organised in sevens. Rather, they are in sixes, built from transposed permutations of the chromatic hexachord, organized according to one particular ordering of that hexachord, A F A G F G, which is the first half of the twelve-tone row used in Klavierstücke VII and IX, as well as in Gruppen . Klavierstück X was commissioned by Radio Bremen, and was intended to have been premiered by David Tudor at their Pro Musica Nova festival in May 1961.

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