143 Sentences With "palp" | Random Sentence Generator

Palp promises Kylo/Ben the keys to a new kingdom known as the Final Order if he kills Rey and ends the Jedi for good.

Ono proposed the new subspecies because the Japanese male's palp, or genitalia, is longer than the European male's palp. The Japanese female's genitalia are also larger than the European female's genitalia.

But the second maxilliped has segments arranged in usual serial manner; bearing exopod; endopod 4-segmented. Mandible usually with incisor and molar processes and palp. Second maxilla with palp; endite well developed.

Male palp of Nops guanabacoae. External female genitalia of Nops guanabacoae.

Females of the Yemeni species T. argo tear off the single remaining palp before feeding on males. The palp remains attached to the female's epigynum for about four hours, continuing to function despite being separated from the male's body.

The mandible bears a distinct two-segmented palp. The incisor process ends in three strong teeth. The molar process shows several blunt knobs. The maxillula has both laciniae slender and ending in bristles and spines; the palp is distinctly bifid.

The mandibular palp is very large, flattened, and has pappose setae along the rim.

The epitheton triramosa refers to the three-part retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) of the male palp.

Palpimanus is a genus of palp-footed spiders that was first described by L. Dufour in 1820.

As an instance of this may be mentioned the mandibular palp of those Crustacea with zoaea larvae.

Comparison between Necrogammarus and specimens of Erettopterus reveals that Necrogammarus represents the infracapitulum and palp of a large pterygotid. The entire specimen excluding the palp measures about across from side to side, with the palp measuring about . Two other pterygotids (and numerous unidentifiable fragments referred to the group) are known from the same locality as Necrogammarus, Pterygotus arcuatus and Erettopterus marstoni. Both of these species are moderately-sized animals, P. arcuatus reaching lengths of and E. marstoni reaching lengths of .

Anisaedus is a genus of palp-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1893.

Otiothops is a genus of palp-footed spiders that was first described by W. S. MacLeay in 1839.

Sarascelis is a genus of palp-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1887.

The epithet refers to the shape of the male carapace and the big tarsal claw on the male palp.

Diaphorocellus is a genus of African palp-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1893.

Fernandezina is a genus of South American palp-footed spiders that was first described by M. Birabén in 1951.

Scelidocteus is a genus of African palp-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1907.

Hybosida is a genus of East African palp-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1898.

Culicoides boyi is a species of midge found in Scandinavia. It can be differentiated from its cogenerated by wing and maxillary palp characteristics.

Culicoides selandicus is a species of midges found in Scandinavia. It can be differentiated from its cogenerated by wing and maxillary palp characteristics.

Culicoides kalix is a species of midges found in Scandinavia. It can be differentiated from its cogenerated by wing and maxillary palp characteristics.

The species name is derived from Latin longus (meaning long) and palpus (meaning labial palp) and refers to the strongly elongate labial palps.

The males will initiate a palp mediated mating response and mount the beetle if it were a female. This occurs after he touches his maxillary palp to the tips of her elytra. While mounting the female, the male moves to the posterior dorsal surface. The male walks forward and taps lightly on top of the female's elytra and thorax with his palpi.

Members of Canalipalpata are worms with elongated grooved palp structures used for feeding and the order is divided into suborders Sabellida, Spionida and Terebellida.

Palpi porrect (stretched forward), thickly clothed with hair, and extending about three times the length of head. Maxillary palp triangularly scaled. Frons oblique. Abdomen long.

Notiothops is a genus of Chilean palp-footed spiders that was first described by Norman I. Platnick, C. J. Grismado & M. J. Ramírez in 1999.

The mandibular molar and palp may be absent or only present in vestigial forms. On the maxilla, the inner plates are setose and well-developed while the palp is often reduced and consists of only a single segment. The maxillipeds are large, often with an inner cutting edge and slender weakly dactylate palps. The eyes are kidney-shaped when present, but is more often completely absent.

More laterally on the stipes is a jointed, leglike palp made up of a number of segments; in Orthoptera there are five. Anterior and posterior rotator muscles are inserted on the cardo, and ventral adductor muscles arising on the tentorium are inserted on both cardo and stipes. Arising in the stipes are flexor muscles of lacinea and galea and another lacineal flexor arises in the cranium, but neither the lacinea nor the galea has an extensor muscle. The palp has levator and depressor muscles arising in the stipes, and each segment of the palp has a single muscle causing flexion of the next segment.

Adult male wingspan is 8.5 mm. Head light cinereous (ash grey). Vertex infuscated (darkened with a blackish tinge). Labial palp smooth scaled with slight bluish opalescence.

The proboscis is mainly associated with taste therefore the OBP expression in the proboscis and maxillary palp sensilla may be associated with taste in L. lineolaris.

A sharp spine is placed on the outer margin of the antennal peduncle near the base of the scaphocerite. The mandible bears no palp; the incisor process ends in three or four teeth, the outer of which are the larger; the molarprocess bears some rounded teeth distally. The maxillula has the two laciniae reasonably slender, the palp is deeply bilobed. The maxilla bears a single endite which is cleft.

M. chromatopus is similar to the genus Icius in general appearance, sexual dimorphism and male palp structure. Females are almost 5 mm long, with males less than 4 mm.

Griseosphinx preechari is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from southern China to northern, western and central Thailand, and into Myanmar. The length of the forewings is 24–30 mm for males and 25–20 mm for females. It is similar to Pseudodolbina species but distinguishable by the presence of the field of microtrichia on the inner surface of the labial palp segment one and the choerocampine pilifer-palp hearing organ.

Tidarren argo is a spider from Yemen. The species is remarkable by its male amputating one of its palps before maturation and entering his adult life with one palp only. It adopts exceptional copulatory behaviour: when the male achieves genitalia coupling with his palp, the latter is torn off by the female. The separated gonopod remains attached to the female's epigynum for approximately 4 hours and continues to function independently, serving as a mating plug.

Melychiopharis cynips is an ant-mimicking spider from Brazil. It was briefly transferred from the family Araneidae to Theridiidae between 2002 and 2005, based mainly on characteristics of the male palp.

Nephilengys malabarensis is an araneid spider. Females reach a body length of about . The legs and palp are annulated yellow and black. Male body size less than , with mostly grey-black legs.

Capeta is a Brazilian word for devil. tridens ("trident") refers to the three projections in the male palp seen in ventral view (the embolus, its basal projection and the retrolateral tibial apophysis).

Palpi porrect (extending forward), thickly clothed with hair, and extending about twice the length of the head. Maxillary palp triangularly scaled. Frons with a conical projection. Antennae of male thickened and flattened.

Chedima is a monotypic genus of Moroccan palp-footed spiders containing the single species, Chedima purpurea. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1873, and is only found in Morocco.

Ikuma is a genus of Namibian palp-footed spiders that was first described by R. F. Lawrence in 1938. it contains only two species, found only in Namibia: I. spiculosa and I. squamata.

Its antenna shows a basicerite bearing an acute, ventrolateral tooth. Its mouthparts are typical for Alpheus: its mandible with a 2-jointed palp, its incisor process bearing about 12 teeth, and showing a stout molar process; its maxillula has a bilobed palp, while its maxilla shows no characteristics of note. The surface of each somite on its abdomen bears conspicuous setae that are proximal to its dorsoposterior margin. Its uropodal exopod has a strong lateral spine, and a sinuous diaresis.

The mandible consists of a single molar process, which is pointed and has a cutting edge which is dark coloured and shows a few small teeth; there is a distinct three-segmented palp. The maxilla has two endites, the lower is oval to quadrangular, the upper is truncate and has the distal margin with strong spines; there is a single undivided palp. The three maxillipeds all have a well-developed exopod with a multi-articulated flagellum. The epipod is oval.

Tidarren is a genus of tangle-web spiders first described by Ralph Vary Chamberlin & Wilton Ivie in 1934. Males are much smaller than females, and they amputate one of their palps before maturation, entering their adult life with only one palp. Though it is uncertain why they do this, it may be done to increase mobility, as the palps are disproportionately large compared to the size of the body. It may also be done because only one palp is needed.

Copulation occurs when males of the species insert one palp into the female. This is done only once during copulation and is accomplished by prying open the epigynum using the tibial apophysis as a lever.

Its palpi are porrect (extending forward) and thickly scaled, extending about one and half times length of head. Maxillary palp triangularly scaled. Frons with a conical process. Antennae of male bipectinated, usually with long branches.

The male palp is characterized by a semicircular embolic area. The cymbium is flat, circular, and shows unusual modifications on its retro-lateral margin. The embolus has 3 processes; the paracymbium has no discrete sclerite.

The name is a reference to the backwardly directed process on the cymbium of the male palp. The species epithet is derived from the Greek , meaning "hand", and Acanthium, a genus of thorny-stemmed plants.

Boagrius is a genus of palp-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1893. it contains only two species, found only in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Tanzania: B. incisus and B. pumilus.

Very little can confidently be stated about Necrogammarus due to its highly fragmentary nature. Selden had immediately recognized the fossil as belonging to a pterygotid eurypterid due to recently having studied the feeding mechanism of the pterygotid Erettopterus bilobus. Erettopterus possessed only three pairs of slender walking legs (typically, eurypterids with swimming legs possess four), the first pair of walking legs being reduced to a small palp. The coxae and labrum of this palp are fused into a structure that is known as the infracapitulum.

While this happens, the female feeds on the male. Emasculation thus synchronizes sexual cannibalism and sperm transfer, lengthening the interval between copulations. This mating behaviour might allow for the continuation of insemination by the dismembered palp.

Palpi porrect (extending forward), reaching slightly beyond the frons and thickly scaled. Maxillary palp dilated with scales and nearly as long as labial. Frons produced to an acute corneous point. Antennae of male thickened and flattened.

The proboscis is absent. Palpi porrect (extended forward), clothes with rough hair, and extending from two and a half to three lengths of the head. Maxillary palp dilated with scales at extremity. Frons with a conical projection.

It is characterized by lack of scale tufts on the labial palp, absence of raised scales of two subbasal spots on the forewings, five signa within female corpus bursae and presence of M-stem on the hindwings.

Phoretic deutonymph: Gnathosomal solenidion and palp setae present and free palps absent. Coxal fields IV closed. Apodemes of ps1 partially fused anteriorly. Dorsal cuticular folds of ambulacra I-III weakly developed, with distal part smaller than proximal.

In Drosophila melanogaster the loss of microRNA-279 results in the ectopic formation of CP2 neurons (a type of CO2-sensing neuron) within the maxillary palp, a distal segment in the antenna. The pleiotropic transcription factor Prospero regulates miR-279 expression, and this appears to indirectly restrict CO2 neuron formation. Loss of function in either Prospero or miR-270 results in a similar ectopic formation of CO2 neurons within the maxillary palp. This is likely results from gain-of-function in the miR-279 target genes nerfin-1 and escargot during olfactory development.

The process of copulation for T. helluo consists of a series of interactions between the male palp and the female epigynum. First, the male will mount the female such that they are facing opposite from each other. The underside of the cephalothorax is positioned against the dorsal section of the female’s abdomen. The male then will signal the female to rotate the abdomen by touching the anterior of the female abdomen. After this, the male will then use his palp to engage with the female’s abdomen and epigynum.

Usually, one insertion will happen per side of the male palp. Copulation for T. helluo will last usually around 8 minutes.Stratton, G.E., Hebets, E.A., Miller, P.R., & Miller, G. (1996). PATTERN AND DURATION OF COPULATION IN WOLF SPIDERS (ARANEAE, LYCOSIDAE).

Badia rugosa is species of Senegalese palp-footed spiders (family Palpimanidae). It is the only species in the monotypic genus Badia. The species and genus were first described by Carl Friedrich Roewer in 1961. It is only found in Senegal.

Anterior portion of dorsal labrum with two tooth-like prominences. Palp formula 1, 3. Dorsum of mesosoma in profile view evenly arched, broken only by a weak impression separating the mesonotum from the propodeum. Pronotum unarmed; indistinct obtuse humeral angle.

Levymanus is a genus of palp-footed spiders that was first described by S. Zonstein & Y. M. Marusik in 2013. it contains only two species, found in the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Israel, and Ethiopia: L. gershomi and L. ras.

If she was receptive the male then see-sawed his front legs over her several times and then mounted and twisted her abdomen before inserting one palp into her epigynum, repeating with a second palp on the other side. Males would often repeat mating several times until the female started to move. Male-male agonistic display initially began like courtship, but within seconds the males would unsheathe their fangs and move toward each other with abdomens cocked and front legs spread. If the males were of similar size they would usually lock chelicerae and touch spread front legs, trying to bite.

Partial palp severance can result in a successful mating plug but not to the extent of full palp severance. Some males, as in the orb-weaving spider, Argiope arantia, have been found to spontaneously die within fifteen minutes of their second copulation with a female. The male dies while his pedipalps are still intact within the female, as well as still swollen from copulation. In this "programmed death", the male is able to utilize his entire body as a genital plug for the female, causing it to be much more difficult for her to remove him from her copulatory ducts.

Meyrick described this species as follows: Alfred Philpott studied the maxillae parts of lepidoptera including this species and stated that the genus to which this species belongs had palp that were three or four segmented and were smaller than other genera studied.

Palpi porrect (extending forward) extending from once to twice the length of head, slightly hairy, and with downcurved third joint. Maxillary palp rather short and dilated with scales. A slight rounded frontal projection can be seen. Antennae of male minutely serrated, and ciliated.

The right and left palps will interact with the right and left sides of the epigynum. After the palp and epigynum are engaged, the male will expand his hematodocha, causing his embolus to go into the female copulatory duct. Semen is then exchanged.

The term was first applied to biology in a non-evolutionary context by the anatomist Richard Owen in 1843. Homology was later explained by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution in 1859, but had been observed before this, from Aristotle onwards, and it was explicitly analysed by Pierre Belon in 1555. In developmental biology, organs that developed in the embryo in the same manner and from similar origins, such as from matching primordia in successive segments of the same animal, are serially homologous. Examples include the legs of a centipede, the maxillary palp and labial palp of an insect, and the spinous processes of successive vertebrae in a vertebral column.

Sensory neurons in the antenna, maxillary palp, and labella generate odor-specific electrical signals called spikes (action potentials) in response to binding of odors to cell surface proteins like the olfactory receptors. The sensory neurons in the antenna and maxillary send this information via their axons to the antennal lobe, while sensory neuron in the labella send this information via axons to the subesophageal ganglion. Inside the antennal lobe they synapse with other neurons in semidelineated (with membrane boundaries) structures called glomeruli. Specifically the process is as follows: first the odorant wafts towards an insect's antenna or maxillary palp which is covered with hair-like projections called sensilla.

It develops fleshy folds and a pair of spiracles along its 2nd segment. The posterior spiracles now present two spiracular openings. The maxillary palp and antennae are also more developed. In the final instar stage, the larva reaches a length of and develops larger fleshy folds.

The palp formula is 2,2 and each segment is rather short. The setae on the ventral margin of the mandibles are normal. There is no median seta on the anterior margin of the clypeus, but rather a series of evenly spaced setae along the entire margin.

The smaller cheliped tapers towards a pointed end. The dactyl (tipmost part) of the walking legs lack the dense hair characteristic of tufted ghost crabs. The first gonopod (appendages modified into sexual organs) of the male is crooked sideways with a bulging tip. A thumb-like palp is present.

Li, D. Q., J. Oh, S. Kralj-Fiser, and M. Kuntner. 2012. Remote copulation: male adaptation to female cannibalism. Biology Letters 8:512-515. Occasionally (in 12% of cases in a 2012 study on Nephilidae spiders) palp severance is only partial due to copulation interruption by sexual cannibalism.

The outer margin of the forewing is smooth and the labial palp is extended forwards. Males are identified by the semilunar notch. Females live for an average of 12 days; males live for an average of 21 days. Silk trails left by larvae in a bumblebee nest in a bird box.

2008 Jan 15;174(1):68-70. Epub 2007 Mar 26. This species can be identified by its chaeotaxy, metallic blue color, club-shaped palp, and brown calypters. Compsomyiops callipes serves an important role in the field of medicocriminal entomology, a subfield of forensic entomology, by determining post mortem intervals (PMI).

The hindwing is dark brownish grey, and is darker in females. The colour of the head is primarily dark brown with white markings. The first segment of the labial palp is short and white, while the second segment is dark brown with white longitudinal lines. The third segment is also white.

Its cross-section has three sides on the base ending in a slightly curving tip. A broad and flat palp is present. The covering (operculum) of the female genital opening is oriented lengthwise with a thick straight rim slanting backwards. Adult Ocypode brevicornis are a mottled yellow to brown in coloration.

Mouthparts of Tabanus horse-fly: sensory palp at left, sponging labella at center, skin-piercing elements at right. Haematopota pluvialis tabanid fly showing distinct patterns on eyes and wings. Antennae consist of three relatively short segments with asymmetric shapes. Brachyceran flies are of medium to large size and compact shape.

Generic characters: frontal margin of carapace convex, angular; antennal scale with setae around all margins, segment 2 of maxilla 2 palp large, axe-shaped, with strong serrated spine-setae; pereiopods long, carpopropodus 7–9-segmented; male pleopod 4 5-segmented, segment 4 as long as segment 3; telson with cleft.

Thrandina and its sister genus Galianora share the ancestral salticid traits of a tarsal claw on the female palpus and a median apophysis on the male palp. This is rare among neotropical salticids. Both genera are informally grouped as "lapsiines", together with Lapsias. However, the shared basal characteristics with Lapsias could be symplesiomorphic.

Culicoides imicola'Culicoides bolitinos, once thought to be the same species as C. imicola, has now been recognized as a separate but closely related species. Some important taxonomic differences are: different margins in cell R5, different color and size of apex of vein M2, and different palp lengths, along with other sexual differences.

Pionosyllis serratisetosa is a polychaete from the family Syllidae. The body of the worm exists as a head, a cylindrical, segmented body ending in a tail. The head consists of a prostomium and peristomium and a pair of appendages (palp, antennae and cirri). Pionosyllis serratisetosa was first described by Lòpez, San Martín & Jiménez.

In fourth-instar larvae, about half the pronotum is coloured light brown. This tribe is characterised within the subfamily by round to oval- shaped convex bodies, which are usually brightly coloured, simple claws which separate at the base, open cavities behind the procoxae, and a variable apical segment of the maxillary palp.

Qiongthela ranges in size from 13-31mm in length (excluding the chelicerae). The male's palp has a long, blade-like conductor with a slightly hook-like apex. The tegulum has two margins and the paracymbium is spinose. Females have two paired receptacular clusters, situated on the anterior edge of the bursa copulatrix.

Erasinus is a genus of the spider family Salticidae (jumping spiders). All three described species are only know from males. Simon thought that they were close to Viciria. Judging from the shape of the male palp of E. gracilis, it belongs to the same genus as Epeus, which was split from Viciria in 1984.

E. culicivora has grey-brown bodies, regardless of age or sex. Adult males have blood-red faces and white-hair patches on and around their faces (e.g. above principal eyes and at side of clypeus and on palp tibia). Juveniles and adult females have grey-brown faces, but adult females have a faint red tinge.

The Insects: An Outline of Entomology. 4th edition. Blackwell Publishing The galea is a broad, scoop-like, lobe structure, which assists the maxillary palps in sampling items before ingestion. The maxillary palp is serially homologous to the walking leg while the cardo and stipes are regarded by most to be serially homologous to the first leg segment, the coxa.

The carapace of the cephalothorax has a more or less straight depression (fovea) in the centre. The eyes are arranged in a compact group. The male palp lacks tibial apophyses (projections), but the male's first pair of legs have double spines on the tibia. There are six spinnerets, with the posterior pair being three-segmented and relatively long.

H. huia can be identified by the minute segment 3 of the labial palp, the white subapical patch on the antenna and the metallic patches of curled scales on the forewing. These features are all unique to this species. This species is also sexually dimorphic with the female of the species having much longer labial palpi than the male.

In many species, a multi-step process is involved. Various structures on the palp and the palpal bulb create a "preliminary lock" on the female, creating a stable support point for further, more precise orientation. The expansion of the haematochodae then causes the various sclerites to brace with one another. The precise details differ from species to species.

The species included in this genus exhibit a habitus that is convergent on some groups of Monomorium. In his study of the Afrotropical members of that genus Bolton (1987) noted two indeterminate Madagascan species which had a high palp formula (5,3), the highest attributed to Monomorium, but did no further analysis of these odd species because the focus of the survey was the extensive Afrotropical fauna. Heterick (2006), in his revision of the Malagasy species of Monomorium, recognised the peculiarity of the high palp formula and utilised it, together with some other characters, to define his M. shuckardi group, all members of which are now transferred to Royidris. No unambiguous apomorphy can be stated for Royidris, and in fact its habitus is similar to that commonly seen in Monomorium.

26 These dendrites proceed in a wavy form through the shaft of the sensillum.Prakash, Mendki, Raol, Singh and Singh 1995, p. 32 The sensillum contains antennal glomeruli, suggesting that it has an olfactory role. Prakash and colleagues suggest that since the location of this sensilla is in the maxillary palp that this is a short-range olfactory detector for the micro-environment.

All mammalian alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes except placental (PALP and SEAP) are inhibited by homoarginine, and, in similar manner, all except the intestinal and placental ones are blocked by levamisole. Phosphate is another inhibitor which competitively inhibits alkaline phosphatase. Another known example of an alkaline phosphatase inhibitor is [(4-Nitrophenyl)methyl]phosphonic acid. In metal contaminated soil, alkaline phosphatase are inhibited by Cd (Cadmium).

The outer palp has a long extensible proboscis, which collects incoming particulate matter. The particles are then sorted by both the inner and outer palps, which have ciliated grooves for collecting organic material. These food grooves sort the particles by both density and size. The inner pair of palps transfers smaller and lighter particles, such as phytoplankton, to the mouth, using ciliary currents.

S. squamata (top centre), published in A monograph of the British marine annelids 1915. S. squamata lives in a mucous reinforced, vertical burrow in the sediment. It uses the long palps to feed on organic particles on the nearby seabed. The palps do not have a ciliated groove, so the particles are brought to the pharynx by a contraction of the whole palp.

Dicymbium is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by Anton Menge in 1868. The etymology of the genus is based on the appearance of the male palp. The palpal tibia bears an elongated, broad, cup-shaped projection that surrounds the cymbium proper dorsally. Hence, Menge chose to name the genus Dicymbium, literally meaning two cymbia/a double cymbium.

Species of the genus Limopsis are among the few suspension feeding deep-sea bivalves, and are absent from the continental shelf. They are relatively small, byssate (i.e. attached to the sea floor by strong threads, or byssus), and, while the viscera are reduced, there is a comparatively thick shell. Differences between species are usually defined by minor differences in gill and palp structure.

Paralubbockia longipedia is a species of copepod, and the only member of the family Paralubbockiidae. The family is characterised by the ventral position of the fifth legs, the possession of a separate maxillary palp, and the form of the endopods of the legs and antennae. The closest relatives of Paralubbockia are the family Oncaeidae. Initially placed among the Poecilostomatoida, Paralubbockia is now considered part of the Cyclopoida.

In Mary J. Rathbun's original description of this species, she placed it in the then broadly defined Pinnotheres. It remained there for most of the 20th century until Ernesto Campos, while revising the Pinnotheridae, noted that most species with a 2-segmented palp on the third maxilliped were anomalous in Pinnotheres. This led to the segregation of multiple genera, of which Tunicotheres, defined in 1996, was one.

Incisor process; 5. Palp The most obvious characteristic of the group is the marsupium in females. This brood pouch is enclosed by the large, flexible oostergites, bristly flaps which extend from the basal segments of the thoracic appendages, which form the floor of a chamber roofed by the animal's sternum. This chamber is where the eggs are brooded, development being direct in most cases.

Scyllarides is placed in the subfamily Arctidinae, which is differentiated from other subfamilies by the presence of multiarticulated exopods on all three maxillipeds, and a three-segmented palp on the mandible. The only other genus in the subfamily, Arctides, is distinguished by having a more highly sculptured carapace, with an extra spine behind each eye, and a transverse groove on the first segment of the abdomen.

The body of the nymph is cylindrical with a flattened head. The antennae are on the ventral side of the head and the small mandibles do not bear any tusks. The sides of the head and the prothorax are spiny. None of the legs have claws; the front pair are palp- like and the remaining pairs are spiny and protect the gills, which are on the ventral surface of the abdomen.

The mouth of the bivalve is situated anterior to the gills. The bivalve utilizes phytoplankton as its food source, but the water circulating through the bivalve also usually contains other particles, such as small grains of sand, detritus, etc. After moving over the gill margins, particles reach the mouth of the bivalve. Each side of the mouth of the bivalve has an inner and an outer appendage called a palp.

Retrieved 18 December 2011. The long-lived female funnel-web spend most of the time in their silk-lined tubular burrow retreats. When potential prey, which includes insects, lizards or frogs, walks across the trip-lines, they rush out, subduing their prey by injecting their venom. Males, recognized by the modified terminal segment of the palp, tend to wander during the warmer months of the year, looking for receptive females to mate with.

The male then pushes the limp female in a position where the cephalothorax of the male is perpendicular to the underside of the female's cephalothorax. If on the web, the female may also lay on her back. The male then copulates with the female by injecting sperm into the female reproductive tract using one palp at a time. Copulation concludes when the male (whilst still clasping the female) disengages and then pushes the female away.

Galianora is a genus of Ecuadorian jumping spiders that was first described by Wayne Paul Maddison in 2006. it contains only two species, found only in Ecuador: G. bryicola and G. sacha. The two described species have quite a different body form: G. sacha is elongate and pale, with raptorial front legs, while G. bryicola is compact and brown. An as-yet undescribed species from Venezuela is intermediate in body form and palp.

It then tries and often succeeds in inserting the other palp into the female's second orifice. The redback spider is one of only two animals known where the male has been found to actively assist the female in sexual cannibalism. In the process of mating, the much smaller male somersaults to place his abdomen over the female's mouthparts. In about two of three cases, the female fully consumes the male while mating continues.

Behningiidae is a family of mayflies. It is a primitive family; the nymphs burrow in the sediment but lack tusks on their mandibles, and the forelegs are not modified for burrowing. The gills are ventral, and the ones on the first abdominal segment are single and are longer than the gills on the other segments. The forelegs are palp-like and the other two pairs of legs are modified to protect the gills.

The maxillary palps are visible in the fossil and show six segments present on each palp. In the other species of Gerontoformica the maxillary palps have only four segments where the palps are visible on specimens. The petiole has a round cylindrical shape rather than a node like shape seen in other species, and has the distinct longitudinal ribbing seen on the mesosoma. The details of the gaster are obscured by disarticulation and desiccation.

N. australis has palp morphology and fringing on its first pair of legs very similar to that seen in N. nojimai Ikeda 1995, from Japan. N. taylori is most similar in morphology to N. sumatranus from Indonesia and N. kovblyuki from the Crimea and elsewhere. The genus is common and widespread in litter throughout Australia, from the highlands of Tasmania through the hot, dry inland to the wet tropics and includes many undescribed species.Richardson, B. J. (2013).

In this species, males plug a females insemination duct with a portion of their palp that contains the ejaculatory duct called the embolus. The embolus that is found in the female's posterior receptaculum suggests that males are trying to limit sperm competition. In some spider species, such as the Nephila pilipes, multiple males try to mate with only one female. This can be harmful to the female, because it forces her to participate in energy costly matings.

Both Euprenolepis and Pseudolasius have reduced labial and maxillary palp numbers from the more typical six maxillary and four labial palps observed in other Prenolepis genus-group genera. For Prenolepis the separation of males from Nylanderia is unclear, largely because for the vast majority of Prenolepis species the males are unknown. Separation of the widespread North American Prenolepis imparis from Nylanderia is based on the extremely short scapes (not much longer than the head) that lack macrosetae.

Its carapace is coloured mostly yellow-orange, with three white patches laterally. Its rostrum is reddish-orange and its orbital hoods translucent. The antennal and antennular peduncles are orange-red, while its mouthparts are mostly found to be colourless, except for the palp and caridean lobe of its first maxilliped, which are reddish. Its major and minor chelipeds are orange-red; the merus showing a distal white patch; chelae almost white on the tips of fingers.

Action potential recordings are conducted in three different ways electroantenograms, electropalpograms, and single sensillum recordings (SSR). In electroantenograms (EAG) and electropalpograms (EPG) the action potentials from the entire antenna or maxillary palp, respectively, is recorded. EAGs and EPGs provide an overall view of olfaction in the respective organ. During a SSR an electrode is inserted into just one sensillum and the recording is made from only the ORNs which are contained within that sensillum, providing more detailed information.

Diagram of a single maxilla from the cockroach Periplaneta americana showing the anatomy and musculature The generalized condition in hexapods is for the first pair of maxillae to consist of a basal triangular sclerite called the cardo and a large central sclerite called the stipes from which arise three processes: the lacinia, the galea and the maxillary palp. The lacinia is often strongly sclerotized and toothed. It functions to cut and manipulate food in the mouth.Gullan, P. J. and Cranston, P. S. 2005.

The Formicinae are a subfamily within the Formicidae containing ants of moderate evolutionary development. Formicines retain some primitive features, such as the presence of cocoons around pupae, the presence of ocelli in workers, and little tendency toward reduction of palp or antennal segmentation in most species, except subterranean groups. Extreme modification of mandibles is rare, except in the genera Myrmoteras and Polyergus. However, some members show considerable evolutionary advancement in behaviors such as slave-making and symbiosis with root-feeding hemipterans.

Gammarus baysali is a cave-dwelling species of freshwater amphipod crustacean, found in Turkey. The species belongs to the broader Gammarus pulex group and was scientifically described in 2013 from Cumayanı Cave, Zonguldak Province. The most discriminant characters of this species are the minute eyes, densely setose fifth peduncle and flagellar segments of antenna 2, elongated pereiopods, and setose anterior margins of pereiopods 5 to 7. Additionally, the palp of right maxilla 1 has 4 setae along its outer margin.

The stridulating organ, used to make a hissing sound (stridulation), consists of a large cluster of fine close-set bristles on the rear surface of the coxa of the palp, and two smaller clusters at the far end of the front surface of the coxa of the first leg, one ust above and the other just below the suture. Pocock, 1903 : On some genera and species of South American Aviculariidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (7) 11: 81-115. (original text).

Labrum is the "upper lip" which is in the front area of the head and is the most exterior part. A pair of mandible is found on backside of the labrum flanking the side of the mouth, succeeded by a pair of maxillae each of which is known as maxilliary palp. At the back side of the mouth is the labium or lower lip. There is also an extra mouth part in some insects which is termed as hypopharynx which is usually located between the maxillac.

The mouthparts are adapted for chewing with powerful mandibles and a pair of maxillae, each with a segmented palp. Adjoining these is the labium-hypopharynx which houses a tubular spinneret which is able to extrude silk. Caterpillars such as those in the genus Calpodes (family Hesperiidae) have a specialized tracheal system on the 8th segment that function as a primitive lung. Butterfly caterpillars have three pairs of true legs on the thoracic segments and up to six pairs of prolegs arising from the abdominal segments.

They are attached to the visceral ganglia by long cerebral-visceral connectives, and to each other via a cerebral commissure that extends in an arch dorsally around the esophagus. The cerebral ganglia control the scallop's mouth via the palp nerves, and also connect to statocysts which help the animal sense its position in the surrounding environment. They are connected to the pedal ganglia by short cerebral-pedal connectives. The pedal ganglia, though not fused, are situated very close to each other near the midline.

A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. In World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern In 1986, Paul Selden examined the fossil material of the enigmatic arthropod Necrogammarus and concluded that the specimen represents the infracapitulum and attached palp of a large pterygotid. The fossil likely belongs to either Erettopterus marstoni or Pterygotus arcuatus, both found in the same locality, but the lack of key diagnostic features in the Necrogammarus remains makes assignment to either impossible, and therefore, Necrogammarus is considered an unspecified pterygotid.

P. schultzi is one of 17 species in the genus Portia as of June 2011. Portia schultzi Karsch, 1878 is synonymous with Brettus martini Simon, 1900, Linus lesserti Lawrence, 1937 and Linus alboguttatus Lawrence, 1938. Wanless divided the genus Portia into two species groups: the schultzi group, in which males' palps have a fixed tibial apophysis; and the kenti group, in which the apophysis of each palp in the males has a joint separated by a membrane. The schultzi group includes P. schultzi, P. africana, P. fimbriata, and P. labiata.

Merick described the species as follows: The forewing of this species is brownish in colour, its scales are not contrastingly white tipped and the hindwings are pale brownish. I. rigescens could be confused with I. gibbsi but the former is more brownish in colour and has much paler hindwings. I. rigescens could also be confused with Thamnosara sublitella as they are both similar in size and colouring. However I. rigescens lacks the tufted second segment of the labial palp of T. sublitella so the two should be easy to distinguish on close examination.

Izatha austera larva Hudson described the larvae as follows: Meyrick described the adults of the species as follows: The wingspan is 13–19 mm for males and 16.5–25 mm for females. This species is variable in its forewing colouration. I. austera also has noticeable scale-tufts on its forewing. It can be confused with I. dasydisca but the male can be distinguished as it has blackish coloured antennae, a scale-tuft on the third segment of the labial palp, and lacks the pair of large scale-tufts that I. dasydisca has on its forewings.

The scutellum is sparsely scaled, and the postnotum is light brown. The abdomen is generally dark-scaled with purplish reflections, with a pale sternite. The wings are dark-scaled with long, narrow plume scales, the halteres are pale with a dark-scaled knob, and the legs are generally dark-scaled . The proboscis is approximately 1.5 times the length of the femur of the first pair of legs, the antennae are shorter than the proboscis, and the palp is one-sixth the length of the proboscis including the labella .

Portia africana was originally described by Simon in 1886 as Linus africana. The species has also been named Cocalus africana (Thorell, 1893) and Neccocalus africana (Roewer, 1964), and finally P. africana since 1978. Portia africana is one of 17 species in the genus Portia as of May 2011. Wanless divided the genus Portia into two species groups: the schultzi group, in which males' palps have a fixed tibial apophysis; and the kenti group, in which the apophysis of each palp in the males has a joint separated by a membrane.

The wingspan of the male of the species is between 11-14.5 mm and the female is between 12.5-13.5 mm. H. polita is very similar in appearance to its close relatives Hierodoris frigida and H. extensilis. It can be distinguished from H. frigida as H. polita lacks the all-yellow segment 2 of the labial palp as well as the yellowish white spot that H. frigida has on its costa. H. polita has white scales on the posterior part of the tegulae where as H. frigida has a dark tegulae.

The genus Proseicela Chevrolat is assigned to the Chrysomelidae beetle tribe Doryphorini (located in subfamily Chrysomelinae), which it shares with five other genera: Doryphora, Calligrapha, Labidomera, Leptinotarsa, and Zygogramma. This tribe is characterised within the subfamily by round to oval shaped convex bodies which are usually brightly coloured, simple claws which separate at the base, open cavities behind the procoxae, and a variable apicial segment of the maxillary palp. A single species has been sampled in the molecular-based phylogeny of Chrysomelinae. Chaboo, C.S., F.A. Frieiro-Costa, J. Gómez-Zurita, R. Westerduijn. 2014.

In adult males, the tarsus of each palp is modified to carry an elaborate and often species- specific structure used for mating (variously called a palpal bulb, palpal organ or copulatory bulb). The basal segments of the pedipalps, the coxae, next to the mouth, are modified to assist with feeding, and are termed maxillae, although they are not homologous with the maxillae of mandibulate arthropods. In mesothele and mygalomorph spiders, the maxillae are only slightly modified; in araneomorph spiders, the anterior edge is often saw-like and is used in cutting up prey.

The physiological impacts of cannibalism on male fitness include his inability to father any offspring if he is unable to mate with a female. There are males in species of arachnids, such as N. plumipes, that sire more offspring if the male is cannibalized after or during mating; copulation is prolonged and sperm transfer is increased. In the species of orb-weaving spider, Argiope arantia, males prefer short copulation duration upon the first palp insertion in order to avoid cannibalism. Upon the second insertion, however, the male remains inserted in the female.

In 2002 Hirotsugu Ono proposed that the Japanese water spider be hitherto known as a subspecies of the water spider. Ono had collected Japanese specimens of the water spider and found that species in Europe and Japan differed: > An infraspection classification is herewith proposed mainly on the basis of > a slight difference in the shape of male palp recognized between specimens > from Europe and Japan.ONO, H. "New and Remarkable Spiders of the Families > Liphistiidae, Argyronetidae, Pisauridae, Theridiidae and Araneidae > (Arachnida) from Japan." Bull Natl Sci Mus Ser A 28.1 (2002): 51-60.

They have either one or two pairs of eyes and can be distinguished from related families microscopically by the presence of a single claw on the tibia of the palp. The larvae bite a hole into the cuticula of the host and use a stylostome, which acts like a drinking straw, to drink body fluids dissolved tissues. The larvae of two described species of Leptus feed on bees: Leptus ariel lives on the European honey bee in Guatemala, and Leptus monteithi is a parasite of a Leioproctus species (Colletidae) in Tasmania.UMMZ: Genus Leptus Latreille, 1796 (with drawing of L. ariel) File:Harvestman 01.

Golden ghost crabs eating a dead octopus The propodi of the first and second pair of walking legs possess bristles (setae) on the upper surfaces and the upper margins, while the propodi of the third and fourth pair of walking legs are naked. The first gonopod (appendages modified into sexual organs) of the male is three-sided in cross-section at the base, narrowing towards a sideways-curving tip. A bulging palp is present at the sides near the tip. The rim of the genital opening in females is horn-shaped and located in front of the genital covering (operculum).

Terminally, it bears four lobes, two inner glossae, and two outer paraglossae, which are collectively known as the ligula. One or both pairs of lobes may be absent or they may be fused to form a single median process. A palp arises from each side of the prementum, often being three-segmented. The hypopharynx is a median lobe immediately behind the mouth, projecting forwards from the back of the preoral cavity; it is a lobe of uncertain origin, but perhaps associated with the mandibular segment; in apterygotes, earwigs, and nymphal mayflies, the hypopharynx bears a pair of lateral lobes, the superlinguae (singular: superlingua).

At least some of these moths are characterized by a short scape and a triangular tuft of short hairs on the tip of the second labial palp segment. These traits are shared by the enigmatic Chelophoba melaina, and Clarke stated that it might be warranted to include this (or even all of Chelophoba) in Ethmiopsis.Clarke (1986) Ponomarenko eventually treated Chelophoba as a synonym of Ethmiopsis in 1997. The species formerly placed in Chelophoba are widely allopatric, with C. aganactes occurring in China and C. melaina only known from Fatu Hiva in the Marquesas Islands of Polynesia.

Most bivalves are filter feeders, using their gills to capture particulate food such as phytoplankton from the water. The protobranchs feed in a different way, scraping detritus from the seabed, and this may be the original mode of feeding used by all bivalves before the gills became adapted for filter feeding. These primitive bivalves hold on to the substratum with a pair of tentacles at the edge of the mouth, each of which has a single palp, or flap. The tentacles are covered in mucus, which traps the food, and cilia, which transport the particles back to the palps.

As the outer segments do not appear to be double nor possess any overlap of segments in addition to the complete lack of evidence of any terrestrial habits, Almond considered the genus to tentatively represent an early aquatic relative of the Uniramia subphylum of arthropods (the group that includes myriapods, hexapods and velvet worms). Following further examination of the fossil in 1986, Paul Selden could determine that Necrogammarus actually represented the fossil remains of a pterygotid eurypterid, the specimen representing the infracapitulum (a discrete plate formed by the fusion of the palpal coxae and the labrum) and its attached palp (the second pair of appendages).

If there is a current, each palp can be coiled up in a helix, and the animal can feed entirely on suspended particles. Examination of the contents of the gut showed sediment particles, faecal pellets of other animals and a variety of embryos, larvae and juvenile prey. On the south coast of Britain, this worm breeds between March and July; sperm and eggs are released into the sea where fertilisation takes place, and the larvae are planktonic for about five weeks before settling on the seabed and developing into juvenile worms. In Brazil, it is one of the commonest species of worm on some intertidal beaches.

Scyllarides is placed in the subfamily Arctidinae, which is differentiated from other subfamilies by the presence of multiarticulated exopods on all three maxillipeds, and a three-segmented palp on the mandible. The only other genus in the subfamily, Arctides, is distinguished by having a more highly sculptured carapace, with an extra spine behind each eye, and a transverse groove on the first segment of the abdomen. The only other species of Scyllarides to occur in the Eastern Atlantic is Scyllarides herklotsii, which differs from S. latus mostly in the ornamentation on the carapace; while in S. latus the tubercles (lumps projecting from the surface) are high and pronounced, they are lower and more rounded in S. herklotsii.

It is possible that the brain is able to distinguish specific odors through spatial encoding, but temporal coding must also be taken into account. Over time, the spatial maps change, even for one particular odor, and the brain must be able to process these details as well. Inputs from the two nostrils have separate inputs to the brain, with the result that, when each nostril takes up a different odorant, a person may experience perceptual rivalry in the olfactory sense akin to that of binocular rivalry. In insects, smells are sensed by sensilla located on the antenna and maxillary palp and first processed by the antennal lobe (analogous to the olfactory bulb), and next by the mushroom bodies and lateral horn.

The medium grey head is covered with a smooth layer of scales and bears a well-developed and very scaly proboscis; ocelli are absent, and a white stripe runs along the side of the head. The labial palps are slim and curve backwards; they reach far beyond the vertex in length, with the third segment being somewhat longer than the second. The latter is grey like the head on the outside, with a white spot near the tip, and silvery towards the midline; the third palp segment is black and bears a white lengthwise stripe. Its black serrated antennae have grey rings and bear fine hairs, with a comb of short hairs on the scape as is typical for cosmet moths and some relatives; the scape is shorter than the head.

Skeleton tarantula Unlike most members of the subfamily Aviculariinae, which are arboreal, E. murinus lives mainly on or near the forest floor, where it will build a heavily webbed burrow beneath the topsoil or amongst branches, rocks, and other forest floor debris. As a defense against potential predators, and in common with many other New World tarantulas, the species of the genus Ephebopus will brush urticating hairs from their bodies. Uniquely, rather than being located on the abdomen, Ephebopus urticating hairs are located on the spider's palps - on the medial side of the palpal femora; the spider sheds these hairs by rubbing the palp against the chelicerae. E. murinus is also a fast and aggressive species, and will readily rise up and present its fangs to a potential predator.

Basis dorsally 0.60- 0.68 mm in width, the lateral submarginal fields swollen and frequently delimited from the depressed, median field by ill-defined carinae; posterior margin sinuous, posterolateral angles swollen, sometimes mildly salient; porose areas large, deep subcircular or oval, the longer axis directed anteriorly, interval frequently depressed, at most about the width of one; basis ventrally with posterior margin rounded and with well-defined, blunt, retrograde auriculae. Palps long and slender, some long hairs ventrally; article I rounded and somewhat salient laterally, inner 'ring' with dorsal tongue-like prolongation and ventrally semicircular and plate-like, the posterior margin of the plate extending beyond the palp; articles 2 and 3 with no apparent suture, 0.75- 0.85 mm in length and about four times as long as wide, narrowly rounded distally. Hypostome lanceolate and bluntly pointed; dentition mainly 3/3, the innermost file of small, spaced teeth, basally 2/2. Scutum: As wide as or a little wider than long, widest a little posterior to mid length, 1.6 x 1.7 mm- 2.4 x 2.4 mm, flat medianly, convex external to the long, strong lateral carinae; anterolateral margins practically straight, posterolateral margins mildly concave; posterior anle broadly rounded.