" Medical cannabis patient advocate Tracy Curley, who goes by the moniker "Weed Woman Canada," said the concern over the term "weed" comes from the "Reefer Madness" prohibition era, when marijuana was dubbed "Mexican locoweed.
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In Spain, where the native Astragalus species are not known to cause locoism, for centuries loco has been applied to some of these species in the sense of rambling: common names include yerba loca (hierba loca; rambling herb) and chocho loco (rambling lupine). Locoweed is a compound of loco and weed. Although some authors claim it is incorrect to use loco as a noun (in place of locoweed), this usage has a long history. The presence of a toxin in locoweed was demonstrated in 1909.
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Meanwhile, Peter Knox's 69'ers changed their name initially to Omnibus, then Locoweed, and eventually broke up early in 1974.
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The first settlement at Loco was made in the 1880s. The community was named for locoweed found in the area.
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Locoweed is eaten during the early spring and late fall, when it is often the only green plant available to grazing animals.
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Utilization of white locoweed (Oxytropis sericea Nutt.) by range cattle. Journal of Range Management 39(4) 344-47. Retrieved 12-07-2011. The toxic agent in the plant is swainsonine, an alkaloid.
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Animals affected include cattle, sheep, horses, goats,Stegelmeier, B. L., et al. (2005). Locoweed (Oxytropis sericea)-induced lesions in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). Veterinary Pathology 42(5) 566-78. Retrieved 12-07-2011.
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Because O. sericea is both frequently encountered and relatively palatable to livestock, it is an important cause of economic losses in livestock production. Keeping livestock away from locoweed infested pasture in spring and fall when grass and other forbs are not actively growing is recommended. Another suggested remedy is to provide palatable supplemental nutrients if animals are to be kept in infested pasture. These remedies take into account livestock preference for locoweed during seasons when grass is dry and not very nutritious.
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Intoxication with swainsonine has several kinds of effect. Livestock that graze for several weeks on locoweed (and little else) develop a lysosomal storage disease similar to genetic mannosidosis. Swainsonine inhibits a lysosomal enzyme, alpha-mannosidase.Jones et al.
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The instance at which oxidation and reduction occur with regard to the introduction of the hydroxyl groups at the C2 and C8 positions is still under investigation. The biosynthetic pathway of swainsonine has also been investigated in the Diablo locoweed. Through detection of (1,8a-trans)-1-hydroxyindolizidine and (1,8a-trans-1,2-cis)-1,2-dihydroxyindolizidine—two precursors of swainsonine in the fungus pathway—in the shoots of the plant, Harris et al. proposed that the biosynthetic pathway of swainsonine in the locoweed is nearly identical to that of the fungus.
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Astragalus coccineus is a species of milkvetch known by the common name scarlet locoweed or scarlet milkvetch. It is native to the deserts, scrub, and chaparral of the Southwestern United States in Arizona, California, and Nevada, and in northwestern Mexico.
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Four groups of A. drummondii in New Mexico were tested and found to be negative for the production of swainsonine, implying that this species is safe for cattle to graze upon.Newkirk, Levi. "Can locoweed be good feed?." Rangelands Archives 25.4 (2003): 33-34.
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Bob theorizes that Marshall ate locoweed and went crazy. Convinced they will soon be at the good waterhole, the robbers drink deeply from their own canteens. Doc empties his. As they ride, Doc and Gus sing “Boola Boola,” the Yale fight song.
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Swainsonine is an indolizidine alkaloid. It is a potent inhibitor of Golgi alpha-mannosidase II, an immunomodulator, and a potential chemotherapy drug. As a toxin in locoweed (likely its primary toxin) it also is a significant cause of economic losses in livestock industries, particularly in North America.
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33-46; Torrey Botanical Society. or haren a pitahaya. The Chiricahua prepared a kind of corn beer called tula-pah using sprouted corn kernels, dried and ground, flavored with locoweed or lignum vitae roots, placed in water and allowed to ferment.James L. Haley, Apaches: A History and Culture Portrait.
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Locoweed in Tibet Vegetation in the alpine steppe is very vulnerable to climate change. Average air temperature has been increasing by approximately 0.3 degrees Celsius every ten years since the 1960s. This is three times the global average, indicating the sensitivity of this area.{Zeng, C., Wu, J., Zhang, X. 2015.
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The Oxytropis campestris plant is poisonous and may cause loco disease in livestock. From this it derives the common name field locoweed or some other variations. It is therefore worthless as food and is consumed only when other forage is not available.Stubbendieck, James; Hatch, Stephan L; Butterfield, Charles H (February 1, 1992).
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In 1891, she took a post-graduate course at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, and then returned to Wichita. Since 1897, she was at Kingston, New York as Secretary of staff and attending gynecologist to Benedictine Sanitarium and Hospital; gynecologist, Kingston City Hospital and Ulster County Tuberculosis Hospital; and chairman and instructor of Benedictine Training School for Nurses. She was also a lecturer at the New York State Department of Health. In 1889, after doing original research for a year and a half, Day published several papers on Locoweed, including two articles on Locoweed in the New York Medical Journal, from which the definition of “Loco Disease” was made up in Frank Pierce Foster's New Medical Dictionary.
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"ARS and New Mexico Scientists Take a Long Look at Livestock and Locoweed" by Ann Perry, June 21, 2010 Agricultural Research Service, accessed September 29, 2010 Conditioned food aversion has been used experimentally to discourage livestock from eating it. In horses, a small study has shown promising results using lithium chloride as the aversive agent.
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Although it is toxic in large doses, selenium is an essential micronutrient for animals. In plants, it sometimes occurs in toxic amounts as forage, e.g. locoweed. Selenium is a component of the amino acids selenocysteine and selenomethionine. In humans, selenium is a trace element nutrient that functions as cofactor for glutathione peroxidases and certain forms of thioredoxin reductase.
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Oxytropis sericea is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names white locoweed, white point-vetch, whitepoint crazyweed, and silky crazyweed. It is native to western North America from Yukon and British Columbia south through the Pacific Northwest, the Rocky Mountains, and the Great Plains.Esser, Lora L. 1993. Oxytropis sericea.
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Two theories exist as to how Loco acquired its name. One theory, popularized by the Oklahoma Department of Transportation, states that the community was named for locoweed found in the area. The second theory, proposed by the niece of founder Albert G. Cranfill, suggests the name came from the Latin locus. It has frequently been noted on lists of unusual place names.
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Fruits and seeds of Astragalus hamosus Astragalus is a large genus of over 3,000 species of herbs and small shrubs, belonging to the legume family Fabaceae and the subfamily Faboideae. It is the largest genus of plants in terms of described species. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names include milkvetch (most species), locoweed (in North America, some species) and goat's-thorn (A.
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Astragalus lentiginosus is a species of legume known by the common names spotted locoweed page 752 and freckled milkvetch. It is native to western North America, where it grows in many habitat types. There are a great number of wild varieties of this species, and they vary in appearance. The flower and the fruit of a given individual are generally needed to identify it down to the variety.
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The Palos Verdes Peninsula is split into the north and south slopes. On the north slope, reintroduction is suggested based on presence of deerweed (Lotus scoparius) and a native plant index number. The only habitat known so far on the north slope is the Defense Fuel Support Point location. The south slope has many more historic sites of Palos Verdes blue, which are all suggested for reintroduction, including any more sites containing locoweed (Astragalus).
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Bass kills several of the scalphunters by starting a rock slide in the mountains. Then he contaminates the water of a nearby creek with locoweed, a toxic plant that causes the scalphunters' horses to run and buck wildly after they drink the water. They send Lee as a go-between to Bass, telling him he can keep the furs. A wary Bass comes down to collect the lone packhorse, but is ambushed by Howie.
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The first technical account (in English) of locoism was published in 1873, in the United States. Linguists have documented locoism in use among English speakers by 1889, and both loco and locoweed in use by 1844. page 115 Loco, a loanword from Spanish, is understood by most English-speaking users in the sense of crazy, and this appears to have also been the sense understood by vaqueros. In Spanish, however, loco has an older, different sense.
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Charles Dwight Marsh (1855–1932) was an American botanist. Marsh graduated with A.B. from Amherst College in 1877 and with Ph.D. in Zoology and Botany from the University of Chicago in 1904. Employed by the Bureau of Plant Industry, U.S. Department of Agriculture, he was in charge of field experiments on locoweed. In 1912 from January 15 to February 16 he did field research for the Biological Survey of the Panama Canal Zone, where he collected samples of the plankton in fresh waters.
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G. lygdamus palosverdesensis persists particularly on the Palos Verdes Peninsula, 15 miles south of Los Angeles, in a coastal sage scrub habitat. This subspecies is locally monophagous, or particular to one species of food plant. The entire subspecies was originally thought to be particular only to the locoweed or rattlepod (Astragalus trichopodus lonchus), but the population rediscovered in 1994 used common deerweed (Lotus scoparius) as its larval food plant. These two types of plants are fast becoming scarce on the Palos Verdes Peninsula because of housing development.
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Regular plants in the dry districts incorporate camel thistle, locoweed, prickly restharrow, mimosa, and wormwood, an assortment of sagebrush. The wild creatures of Afghanistan incorporate in excess of 100 warm blooded animal species, some of which are approaching elimination. The most genuinely imperiled are the goitered gazelle, panther, snow panther, markor goat, and Bactrian deer.Tolonews (3 April 2017) Border Police Seize Six Lions At Spin Boldak Crossing Video (28s) Other wild creatures of Afghanistan incorporate Marco Polo sheep, urials, ibex, bears, wolves, foxes, hyenas, jackals, and mongooses.
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She sees him casting a doubled shadow from the Moon as he gets off his bicycle. Jones publishes his first article on locoweed classification "Guide to Western Biology"pp. 539–543 1893 Chicago World's Fair, 1893, aerial view Margaret goes west with Florence, fellow Windrow girl, to the Chicago World's Fair, reporting for the family newspaper. After the Fair, they traveled together, but when visiting a slaughterhouse, Florence got sick and returned home, while Margaret continued to tour the West, including Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico.pp.
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Oxytropis podocarpa is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names stalkpod locoweed, stalked-pod crazyweed, and Gray's point-vetch. It is native to North America, where it occurs in the northern latitudes, from Yukon and British Columbia across the low arctic to northern Quebec and Labrador. In the Rocky Mountains it occurs at the higher elevations as far south as Colorado. This plant is a matted, cushion-forming perennial herb with erect or prostrate stems just a few centimeters long.
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This article was written after extensive observation of the suffering caused to livestock from eating the locoweed and after much experimental work upon animals. Day was one of the contributors to the new Handbook of Therapeutics, edited by Dr. Foster. She contributed numerous several papers on other scientific and medical topics to medical journals. She also wrote "Some Useful Points in Eugenics", and circular letter in collaboration with the Commission on Moral Sanitation of New York State Federation of Women‘s Clubs (chairman of commission, 1912–13).
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During the 1880s and the early 1890s the "double Moon" was visible in the Four Corners region, especially after a green flash. After one such flash, the last Anasazi sees the Moon double. A pistol that traces back to Colt's original factory casts two shadows, and the Anasazi admitted to uncertainty of which of two stories is the correct one regarding the pistol's provenance. The American Marcus Jones, studying locoweed, meets the Chilean Mena, studying the javelina (also called "peccary" or "wild pig") migrating up from the Southern Hemisphere.
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The harsh environment supports only specialized plants and animals capable of managing the cold, dry climate. There are very limited stands of Asian spruce (Picea schrenkiana) and juniper shrubs on low, north-facing slopes where they can capture moisture or snow melt. Along riverbeds there are a few plants such as a salt-tolerant form of tamarisk (Myricaria), a woody plant the exists mostly underground. Some slopes below 5,300 meters support a high cold steppe community that features sedges (Carex), purple feathergrass (Stipa purpurea), falcate crazyweed (locoweed) (Oxytropis falcata).
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In Schmoll's honor, the University of Colorado, Boulder, has established the Hazel Schmoll Research Fellowship in Colorado Botany emphasizing field botany and open to faculty, staff, and students. A rare and imperiled species of milkvetch (also known as locoweed), Astragalus schmolliae or Schmoll's milkvetch, is named after Schmoll. It grows only on Chapin Mesa in Mesa Verde National Park, where it was first collected by Alice Eastwood in 1890 and where Schmoll and an assistant reported it for the second time in 1925. It was not described until 1945, at which time it was named after Schmoll.
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Eureka Evening Primrose The Eureka Dunes are the home of several unique (and protected) plant species. The Eureka Dune Grass (Swallenia alexandrae), the Eureka Evening Primrose (Oenothera californica eurekensis), and the Shining Locoweed (Astragalus lentiginosus micans) are only found in this area. Visitors to the dunes may also experience other unique aspects of these dunes, other than the booming. In wet weather, patterns can be seen in the sand that reveals the diverse sources, and the complex Aeolian process by which these dunes are formed and re-formed, and sources and processes that are not yet fully understood.
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The edelweiss can also be found here. At the limits between the rocky area and the alpine fields, species of rhododendron (Rhododendron kotschii) can be found. The mountain pine, a protected species in Romania, can be found on all the steep slopes of the Retezat mountains, while the Swiss pine (Pinus cembra) has a wider distribution than in any other Romanian massif. Other species that can be found here are: hawkweed (Hieracium borzae and Hieracium nigrilacus), members of the genus Centaurea (Centaurea pseudophrygia ratezatensis, an endemic species), cat's ear (Hypochaeris maculata), an endemic species of locoweed (Oxytropis jacquinii retezatensis) and Gentiana lutea (ro.
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The genus name is derived from the plant's Hindi name, dhatūra, ultimately from Sanskrit ' 'white thorn-apple'. The origin of Neo-Latin stramonium is unknown; the name Stramonia was used in the 17th century for various Datura species. In the United States, the plant is called "jimsonweed", or more rarely "Jamestown weed" deriving from the town of Jamestown, Virginia, where English soldiers consumed it while attempting to suppress Bacon's Rebellion. They spent 11 days in altered mental states: Common names for D. stramonium vary by region and include thornapple, moon flower, hell's bells, devil's trumpet, devil's weed, tolguacha, Jamestown weed, stinkweed, locoweed, pricklyburr, false castor oil plant, and devil's cucumber.
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Wolke, RL. Seeds of Anxiety Washington Post January 5, 2005 Other seeds that contain poisons include annona, cotton, custard apple, datura, uncooked durian, golden chain, horse- chestnut, larkspur, locoweed, lychee, nectarine, rambutan, rosary pea, sour sop, sugar apple, wisteria, and yew.Chia Joo Suan Food Safety: Seeds of doubt The seeds of the strychnine tree are also poisonous, containing the poison strychnine. The seeds of many legumes, including the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), contain proteins called lectins which can cause gastric distress if the beans are eaten without cooking. The common bean and many others, including the soybean, also contain trypsin inhibitors which interfere with the action of the digestive enzyme trypsin.
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The net result was a guitar with multiple sound sources that could be channelled to a mixer and distributed across the stereo soundscape. The album was recorded in four days without any overdubbing. All the pieces were improvised, some completely, some to a roughly preconceived idea, and sound as they were played, except for "No Birds", which was recorded in two parts, and "Not Forgotten", from which two notes were removed. The only sounds not produced 'naturally' by guitar are those of a fuzzbox used on "Out of Their Heads (On Locoweed)", "Heat c/w Moment" and "No Birds", an echo delay used on "No Birds", and ambient noise from Frith's breath and feet on "Heat c/w Moment".
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The common trading practice"cheat or be cheated"is reflected in his stories, told using the language and humor of the area and not excluding himself from either outcome. It is often said that he studied at Cornell University and in England but Cornell University has no record of this, and he did not ever become a certified or licensed doctor of veterinary medicine according to records from the Texas State Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners. He was persuaded to settle in Fort Stockton, Texas and practiced in the entire Trans-Pecos Region. A large part of his work involved identifying plants which grew in that alkali soil and contained substances poisonous to horses, cattle, sheep, and hogs (lechuguilla, yellow-weed, pinguey, locoweed).
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The Washington Post said the characters were "winningly rebellious...brimming with life", while the Seattle Post-Intelligencer said "Spanbauer has populated his pages with characters so colorfully drawn they practically pop off the page and start dancing, egged on by mass consumption of whiskey, locoweed and opium stardust." Reviewers compared Spanbauer to Mark Twain, D. H. Lawrence, Gabriel García Márquez, Garrison Keillor, Thomas Berger, Walt Whitman, William H. Gass, Molly Gloss, and Russell Hoban. The novel received some critical comments as well. The Oregonian's reviewer thought the characters were too "extreme," felt that the narrative took too long to get going, and concluded that Shed's method of communicating in sentence fragments (often missing a verb or subject) difficult to comprehend.
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Historically, and possibly related to the "Reefer Madness" legend, some people (particularly Americans) had confused cannabis with Jimson weed (Datura stramonium). Jimson weed, which grows wild in the United States and several other countries, is a potent deliriant which can cause true hallucinations and delusions that are believed by the user to be real, as opposed to the pseudohallucinations and perceptual distortions typically caused by cannabis. Confusion could have resulted from the fact that Datura's common name contains the word "weed," which is also a slang term for cannabis, and the fact that both plants (as well as others) have been given the moniker "locoweed" in the first half of the 20th century. Aside from these superficial similarities, the two plants are not related, do not resemble one another, and are very unlikely to be confused.
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It can be found up to 11,100 feet in elevation, up to the subalpine climates of the local mountains. It may be grow in Festuca idahoensis plant communities, and it is often associated with Pinus flexilis and Artemisia tripartita. The habitat is open. The landscape may have few plants, or it may be covered in cushion plants or dry mountain meadow species. Associated plants include Arenaria congesta (ballhead sandwort), Balsamorhiza incana (hoary balsamroot), Draba oligosperma (few-seed draba), Elymus spicatus (bluebunch wheatgrass), Erigeron compositus (cut-leaved daisy), Haplopappus acaulis (stemless mock goldenweed), Hymenoxys acaulis (stemless hymenoxys), Hymenoxys richardsonii (Richardson’s hymenoxys), Koeleria macrantha (Junegrass), Lomatium cous (biscuitroot), Lupinus argenteus (silvery lupine), Oxytropis sericea (white locoweed), Phlox hoodii (Hood’s phlox), Phlox multiflora (many- flowered phlox), Poa secunda (Sandberg bluegrass), Potentilla ovina (sheep cinquefoil), Sedum lanceolatum (lance-leaved stonecrop), Senecio canus (woolly groundsel), and Townsendia spathulata (spoon-leaved Easter-daisy).
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Heber-Overgaard is located in the transition zone between montane conifer forest and pinyon-juniper woodland. Local flora include open forest dominated by ponderosa pine pines, pinyon pines (Colorado pinion and single-leaf pinyon) and low, bushy, evergreen junipers (alligator juniper, California juniper, sierra juniper, and Utah juniper). Other flora include the Arizona thistle, birdbill dayflower, blue grama, camphorweed, cardinal catchfly, Colorado four o'clock, Cooley's bundleflower, desert portulaca, dwarf stickpea, fragrant sumac, hairy grama, horsetail milkweed, narrowleaf yucca, pinewoods geranium, pygmy bluet, ragleaf bahia, redroot buckwheat, sideoats grama, southwestern cosmos, southwestern prickly poppy, starvation prickly-pear, threadleaf groundsel, thyme-leafed spurge, twist spine prickly pear, upright prairie coneflower, virgate scorpionweed, viviparous foxtail cactus, western spiderwort, wholeleaf Indian paintbrush, wild potato, winged buckwheat, woolly locoweed, and Wyoming Indian paintbrush. Local noxious and invasive weeds include morning-glory, mullein, oxeye daisy, tansy ragwort, whitetop, and various thistles.
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For over a century this landtype association has been recognized as being ecologically and botanically unique; it harbors a rare assemblage of plants, including the rarest plants in Minnesota. Virtually all of the known sensitive plant species in this landscape association occur on the north side of the cliffs or in the Royal River drainage. Six vascular plants are unique in that they are at the extreme edge of their range or are disjunct from the main range of their species. They are the Maidenhair spleenwort (Asplenium trichomanes L.), in Minnesota six small populations of 20 to 40 plants have been found in the Rove area; Ross's (or Short) sedge (Carex rossii), only three populations are known to exist in the Rove area; Large-leaved sandwort (Moehringia macrophylla or Arenaria macrophylla), evidence indicates that this is a very rare species with limited distribution and restrictive environmental needs; Sticky locoweed (Oxytropis borealis var.
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