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"initialism" Definitions
  1. a word formed from the first letters of the words that make up the name of something, with each letter pronounced separately, for example ‘CD’ is an initialism for ‘compact disc’
"initialism" Synonyms
acronym abbreviation contraction shortening condensation short form shortened form elision diminutive symbol initial initial letter beginning letter ellipsis clipping clipped form
"initialism" Antonyms
full form

493 Sentences With "initialism"

How to use initialism in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "initialism" and check conjugation/comparative form for "initialism". Mastering all the usages of "initialism" from sentence examples published by news publications.

type: All Declarative Interrogative Exclamative

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length: All <=10 words 10-20 words 20-30 words 30-50 words

The name has since been shortened to its more recognizable initialism: BMW.
That's when I realized how frequently and insincerely I use the initialism in messages.
Several are signed "PGo," a phonetic initialism that recalls sailors' slang for a penis.
This is a fun clue for an initialism that has been in the New York Times Crossword nearly 300 times.
The initialism IMO stands for "in my opinion," which is easier to use when texting than typing the whole thing out.
Chances are that if you're reading this, you've at least heard about initial coin offerings (better known by their initialism as "ICOs").
You could have written off the chances of every BlackBerry over the past four years with that initialism — and you'd have been right.
Wordplay MONDAY PUZZLE — A very cute idea by Zhouqin Burnikel today, where she uses words that sound like letters to create an initialism.
That initialism referred to the surnames of Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull and Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.
"One of the questions directed to HRC tomorrow is from a woman with a rash," the email subject line says, referring to a common initialism for Clinton.
They are all cultural references with something in common, and they're clued with kitten-level adorable puns that all revolve around a two-letter word or initialism.
Arriving during next year's holiday season, the XSX (which is, at least, a pretty rad initialism) will bring unparalleled visual and computational fidelity to your entertainment center.
Then we took the list of companies in Crunchbase's data that have raised capital via an initial coin offering (a funding method better known by its initialism ICO).
"  Ultimately, Tagg believes everyone perceives "lol" in text differently, and makes the conscious decision to use the initialism for various reasons, which are usually influenced by "conversational demands.
Mr. McCoy takes five common phrases and turns the last, three-letter word into an initialism that means something entirely different and clues it in a punny way.
"Eventually, we came down with the point that we're not sure if it's an initialism, so we should give it the benefit of the doubt," Mr. Chew said.
"France, Germany, and the UK regret the U.S. decision to leave the JCPOA," Macron tweeted after Trump's speech, using the initialism for the deal's formal name, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
"Every year, with C.T.E., every coach is now, 'Get your head out of it,'" he added, using the initialism for chronic traumatic encephalopathy, a degenerative brain disease linked to repeated hits to the head.
Top Trump administration officials have stumbled over the agreement's shorthand, which linguists say is tricky to verbalize because it is an initialism rather than an acronym, like Nafta, which slides off the lips like a word.
As Helen Branswell wrote in Stat in January, Hong Kong residents in 2003 hated the name SARS because they saw in the initialism a specific reference to their city's status as a Special Administrative Region in China.
Apparently you're supposed to pronounce this like an initialism rather (F A Q's) rather than an acronym (FACKS), although I do like "facks" since it sounds a little like a tough guy asking for just the "facks," ma'am.
What Mr. Heaney and Mr. Quigley have done is take the second and third letters of the first word, switched them to create an hilarious new phrase that started out life as CUP OF NOODLES and now begins with an initialism.
But Doctors Without Borders—it goes by the initialism MSF, for the French Médecins Sans Frontières—retains teams at the Sudanese border and has 29 members traveling with the people on foot, each of them carrying a single, bookbag-sized backpack full of medical supplies.
You may have seen SRO, short for "standing room only," clued as "Sign for a sold-out show" on a Monday; however, today we're supposed to infer that "Above capacity, for short" is referring to a theater setting, and "for short" is an indicator that the answer will be an initialism or abbreviation.
But on Monday they pledged to continue to work to keep the deal alive, even without the US. "The JCPOA is working and delivering on its goal, namely to ensure that the Iranian programme remains exclusively peaceful," a joint statement from the foreign ministers of the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and EU declared on Monday, using the formal initialism for the Iran deal.
According to a high-ranking soccer official there, Del Nero is quietly planning to retain his leadership role atop the Brazilian federation, known by its Portuguese initialism, the C.B.F., by calling an election in April, one year before the end of his current term and two months before Brazil embarks on its quest to win a record sixth World Cup.
The museum's mouthful of a name—and its inelegant initialism, N.M.A.A.H.C.—testifies to a bureaucratic slog that began in 1915, when black veterans of the Union Army, together in Washington to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the war's end, and fed up with the discrimination they found in the capital city, organized a "colored citizens' committee" to build a monument to the civic contributions of their recently emancipated people.
I also really liked SMALL WORLD, JOE COOL, PITY PARTY, MINECRAFT (The Boy went through a huge Minecraft phase), I'LL DRINK TO THAT (which makes its New York Times crossword debut, and not a moment too soon, I say), AND SCENE and TRUST ME. ■ 5A: It's very subtle, but this clue calls for an abbreviation/initialism: "Doc" is short for doctor, and "Doc's subscription" is JAMA, the journal of the American Medical Association.
However, the popularity of this initialism is not limited to it being spraypainted on the walls in Poland. In fact, the initialism has also spread among the Internet users, both Polish and foreign.
The "FC" in the club's name became the conventional initialism for football teams.
The name TsNIIMash is an initialism for Central Research Institute of Machine Building ().
Braatz (2010). pp. 12–16 The initialism OVPP was first coined in the Internet mailing list "The Bach Recordings Discussion Group" in the mid 1990s by Steven Langley Guy. The initialism seems to have been adopted more widely since that time.
CPM is an initialism for cost per mille, with mille being Latin for thousand.
In addition, the French initialism "SVP" is frequently used to represent "s'il vous plaît" ("please").
The developers' current stance is that the initialism no longer stands for anything specific. After noting this, the FAQ on the Xfce Wiki comments "(suggestion: X Freakin' Cool Environment)". The Slackware Linux distribution has nicknamed Xfce the "Cholesterol Free Desktop Environment", a loose interpretation of the initialism.
This lubricant is identified by its U.S. Military initialism CLP and its NATO code number S-758.
The BNC connector (initialism of "Bayonet Neill–Concelman") is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable.
The initialism ABC is commonly used as a memory aid to reinforce the three most important rules about what to transmit.
LGBT, or GLBT, is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the term is an adaptation of the initialism LGB, which was used to replace the term gay about the LGBT community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s.Acronyms, Initialisms & Abbreviations Dictionary, Volume 1, Part 1. Gale Research Co., 1985, .
The spelled-out form of an acronym, initialism, or syllabic abbreviation (that is, what that abbreviation stands for) is called its expansion.
A Member of the Knesset () is one of the 120 members of the Knesset. The title is usually shortened to the initialism "MK".
The initialism LHK emerged at ad hoc production meetings associated with the cottage industry self-managed business style coordinated by drummer Steven Williams.
In Denmark, a member of Folketinget () is one of the 179 members of Folketinget. The title is almost always shortened to the initialism "MF".
It is also common for a writer to coin an ad-hoc initialism for repeated use in an article. Each letter in an initialism corresponds to one morpheme, that is, one syllable. When the first letter of a syllable has a tone mark or other diacritic, the diacritic may be omitted from the initialism, for example ĐNA or ĐNÁ for ' (Southeast Asia) and LMCA or LMCÂ for Liên minh châu Âu (European Union). The letter "Ư" is often replaced by "W" in initialisms to avoid confusion with "U", for example UBTWMTTQVN or UBTƯMTTQVN for Ủy ban Trung ương Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam (Central Committee of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front).
STI West Negros University has an enrollment of about 10,000 students per semester and produces 1,500 graduates every school year. The acronym STI is an orphan initialism.
The colloquial term "Child Support Agency" and associated initialism "CSA" are commonly used by some people purely as a habit following the cessation of the agency in 2011.
SLATES (Search, Links, Authorship, Tags, Extensions, Signalling) is an initialism that describes the business impacting capabilities, derived from the effective use of Web 2.0 technologies in and across enterprises.
In initialisms, the Geresh is written after the last letter of the initialism. For example: the title גְּבֶרֶת (literally "lady") is abbreviated גב׳, equivalent to English "Mrs" and "Ms".
Sacra Corona Unita (, ; initialism SCU) is a Mafia-type criminal organization from the Apulia region in Southern Italy, and is especially active in the areas of Brindisi, Lecce, and Taranto.
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh is an award in its own right that entitles fellows to use of the initialism or post-nominal letters FRSE in official titles.
The group's insider joke is in the initialism, "B.D.K.I.A.F.", which stands for "Big Dick Know It All Fuck"; while "Do You Party?" is a reference to a joke in Hot Rod.
All designations of objects in recent star catalogues start with an "initialism", which is kept globally unique by the IAU. Different star catalogues then have different naming conventions for what goes after the initialism, but modern catalogs tend to follow a set of generic rules for the data formats used. The IAU does not recognize the commercial practice of selling fictitious star names by commercial star-naming companies. The IAU's website uses the word charlatanry in this context.
The different usages were so ingrained that one could deduce a person's or source's political leaning from the name used for West Germany, with far-left movements in the country using BRD.Kampf dem BRD-Imperialismus, Liga gegen den Imperialismus, 1972, page 30 However, as the Association for the German Language found, this debate on the initialism had little influence on changing the West German parlance with the usage of the initialism - in any event limited - unaffected by the debate.
F.O.A.D. (an initialism for Fuck Off And Die) is the 12th studio album by the Norwegian band Darkthrone. It was released 25 September 2007 by Peaceville Records."F.O.A.D. - Darkthrone". AllMusic. Rovi Corporation.
VoIP is variously pronounced as an initialism, V-O-I-P, or as an acronym /ˈvɔɪp/ (voyp), as in voice. Full words, voice over Internet Protocol, or voice over IP, are sometimes used.
Initialisms are purely a written convenience, being pronounced the same way as their expansions. As the names of many Vietnamese letters are disyllabic, it would be less convenient to pronounce an initialism by its individual letters. Acronyms pronounced as words are rare in Vietnamese, occurring when an acronym itself is borrowed from another language. Examples include ' (), a respelling of the French acronym SIDA (AIDS); ' (), a literal reading of the English initialism for Voice of America; and NASA (), borrowed directly from the English acronym.
RSVP is an initialism derived from the French phrase Répondez s'il vous plaît, meaning "Please respond" to require confirmation of an invitation. The initialism "RSVP" is no longer used much in France, where it is considered formal and a bit old-fashioned. In French, the complete sentence "Répondez s'il vous plaît" gives the impression the speaker is begging for an answer. In France, it is now more common to use "Réponse attendue avant le...", meaning "[Your] answer is expected before...".
BWS is an Australian retail chain of liquor stores owned by Endevour Drinks Group. BWS is an initialism for Beer, Wine, Spirits. BWS is the largest liquor retailer in Australia with 1355 stores nationally.
Todayhumor (오늘의유머) frequently noted under the initialism 오유(OU), is a South Korean internet forum. Initially established as a community dedicated to humor, it became a left-leaning political website due to its unique nature.
GH Bank or Government Housing Bank (; , Thai initialism ธอส. thaaw aaw saaw) is a state enterprise reporting to the Thai Finance Ministry. Founded in 1953, its mission is to extend mortgages to low-income earners.
Kevin Johnson formed a trio, JAM (initialism for Johnson Ashdown McClellan) with Doug Ashdown ("Winter in America" aka "Leave Love Enough Alone") and Mike McClellan ("Song and Dance Man"). They toured Australia through the 2000s.
"England's Hidden" contains vocal samples of "England" from Wars of the Roses. The album's title, ATGCLVLSSCAP, is an initialism referring to the first letter of each twelve signs of the zodiac, from Aries to Pisces.
Some PSA Peugeot Citroën diesel engines are also rebadged JTD units, and vice versa. Fiat's common rail diesel engine is also known as JTD, an initialism of Jet Turbo Diesel.autobild.de: JTD - Lexikon - autobild.de, accessdate: 19.
The final letter denotes whether the subject is legally an adult: A—Adult, J—Juvenile. Thus the initialism WFJ (or wfj) appearing after a subject's name in a police log would denote a white female juvenile.
TVMDC is a mnemonic for converting true, magnetic and compass headings. TVMDC is a mnemonic initialism for true, variation, magnetic, deviation, compass. The most common use of the TVMDC method is correcting courses during nautical navigation.
DGC Records (an initialism for the David Geffen Company) is an American record label that currently operates as a division of Interscope Geffen A&M; Records, which is owned by the Vivendi-based Universal Music Group.
Ulco is a former settlement in Mendocino County, California. It was located east of Fort Bragg. A post office operated at Ulco from 1931 to 1932. The name was an initialism from the Union Lumber Company.
DAC shelter carrier DAC, an initialism for Diesel Auto Camion, is a Romanian truck brand produced since the 1970s in the Brașov area. Since 1990, DAC has been the special truck division of ROMAN trucks manufacturer.
As the Oxford English Dictionary structures the senses in order of chronological development, it now gives the "initialism" sense first. English language usage and style guides which have entries for acronym generally criticize the usage that refers to forms that are not pronounceable words. Fowler's Dictionary of Modern English Usage says that acronym "denotes abbreviations formed from initial letters of other words and pronounced as a single word, such as NATO (as distinct from B-B-C)" but adds later "In everyday use, acronym is often applied to abbreviations that are technically initialisms, since they are pronounced as separate letters." The Chicago Manual of Style acknowledges the complexity ("Furthermore, an acronym and initialism are occasionally combined (JPEG), and the line between initialism and acronym is not always clear") but still defines the terms as mutually exclusive.
Shape & Destroy is the second studio album by American country music singer and songwriter Ruston Kelly, released on August 28, 2020. Shape & Destroy, also referred to in the initialism form "SAD", follows Kelly's 2018 album, Dying Star.
Upper and lower sections are joined by a volute on each side. The façade also shows the papal coat of arms and a shield with the initialism SPQR, tying this church closely to the people of Rome.
French Connection launched a trademark infringement case in the London High Court challenging the owner of "First Consultants UK Ltd", a computer company, over its use of the "fcuk" initialism. The case found that the Internet Domain fcuk.com was registered prior to French Connection applying for the UK Trademark and its claim for passing off was dismissed. Mr Justice Rattee refused to grant an injunction, describing French Connection's use of the initialism as "a tasteless and obnoxious campaign."Judge's fury at four-letter ads, BBC News, 1999-12-03.
It was originally known as the Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association until 2004, and later the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association. The organization has since operated under its initialism only, but subtitled as CTIA – The Wireless Association until 2015.
Avinash Wadhawan (born 2 November 1968) also known by the initialism AVI, is an Indian film and television actor. He has appeared in films like, Junoon and Geet. He played in Colors TV show Balika Vadhu as Anup.
The R.M. is a 2003 comedy film about the experiences of an LDS returned missionary. "RM" is an LDS initialism for "returned missionary." It was written by Kurt Hale and John E. Moyer and directed by Kurt Hale.
"LMK" (initialism for "Let Me Know") is a song by American singer and songwriter Kelela. It was released on August 1, 2017 through Warp Records as the lead single from her debut studio album, Take Me Apart (2017).
"Mind your own business" is a common English saying which asks for a respect of other people's privacy. It can mean that a person should stop meddling in what does not concern that person, etc. Its initialism is MYOB.
CJ E&M; (Hangul: 씨제이이앤엠, an initialism for CJ Entertainment & Media) is a South Korean entertainment and mass media company created by CJ Group in 2011. As of July 2018, CJ E&M; became a division of CJ ENM.
The Environmental Protection Act 1990 (initialism: EPA) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that defines, within England and Wales and Scotland, the fundamental structure and authority for waste management and control of emissions into the environment.
E! (an initialism for Entertainment Television) is an American basic cable channel owned by the NBCUniversal Television and Streaming division of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. As of January 2016, E! is available to 92.4 million households in the United States.
"I Don't Fuck with You", also known by the initialism "IDFWU", is a song by American rapper Big Sean, featuring E-40, released on September 19, 2014, as the lead single from his third studio album Dark Sky Paradise (2015).
The Stonewall Inn in the gay village of Greenwich Village, Manhattan, site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots, the cradle of the modern LGBT rights movement and an icon of LGBT culture, is adorned with rainbow pride flags. A six-band rainbow flag representing LGBT ''''', or ''''', is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the term is an adaptation of the initialism ''''', which began to replace the term gay in reference to the broader LGBT community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s.Acronyms, Initialisms & Abbreviations Dictionary, Volume 1, Part 1.
Other such references include the allusion to Jimmy's previous two marriages prior to Kim, and Lydia's trademark red-soled high heel shoes. Alan Sepinwall for Rolling Stone and Melanie McFarland for Salon both observed that the episode's title, "JMM", could be taken three ways: as Jimmy's own initials (James Morgan McGill), as an initialism for "Justice Matters Most" (which Jimmy coins because Kim gave him the monogrammed briefcase after he decided to use the Saul Goodman name), and as an initialism for the phrase "Just Make Money" (the phrase Lalo uses to persuade Jimmy to obtain his release on bail).
Confusingly, the Open Content License gives its abbreviation as "OPL" rather than "OCL", and that license is sometimes referred to by the former initialism. ("OPL", as used by the Open Content Project in 1998, stood for OpenContent Principles and License.) Nevertheless, the license's author has subsequently referred to that license as the "OCL", and to the Open Publication License as the "OPL". This ambiguity about the initialism "OPL" risks confusion, and the only sure way to know which of the two licenses is being referred to, in a given context, is to look for the full name.
CHWDP graffiti A two-metre-tall inscription on a wall in Poland CHWDP or HWDP (read ha-voo-de-pe) is a frequently used initialism of the Polish phrase chuj w dupę policji, literally meaning "(put a) dick in the police's ass." This vulgar slogan, often written on a wall, is used as a form of provocation against the police, but also as a "trademark." The initialism was largely popularised by Polish hip hop music, where it is often used in lyrics. It is a specific expression of protest against the authorities, and against "the system" in general.
It currently brands as YCN, an initialism for "Yankee Communications Network." WYCU-LD (virtual and UHF digital channel 26) in Charlestown, New Hampshire and Rockingham, Vermont operates as a translator of WYCX-CD; this station's transmitter is located in Claremont, New Hampshire.
Nearly all first aid organisations use "ABC" in some form, but some incorporate it as part of a larger initialism, ranging from the simple 'ABCD' (designed for training lay responders in defibrillation) to 'AcBCDEEEFG' (the UK ambulance service version for patient assessment).
R.B.I. Baseball is a baseball video game series. R.B.I. is an initialism for "run batted in". Initially launched in 1987, the series initially ran through 1995. In 2014, the series was rebooted as a competitor to MLB: The Show, with releases each year since.
Most of the pairs will move to a different position at the end of each round. ;Huddle # (Noun) A pause prior to a bid or play of longer than usual duration. # (Verb) To take that lengthy pause. ;HUM: Acronym or initialism for Highly Unusual Methods.
O.G.C. (an initialism for Originoo Gunn Clappaz) is an American hip hop trio, composed of members Starang Wondah, Top Dog and Louieville Sluggah. The group is mostly known through their membership in the Boot Camp Clik, along with Buckshot, Smif-N-Wessun and Heltah Skeltah.
The term "SWF" has originated as an abbreviation for ShockWave Flash. This usage was changed to the backronym Small Web Format to eliminate confusion with a different technology, Shockwave, from which SWF derived. There is no official resolution to the initialism "SWF" by Adobe.
Also, the primary antagonist of Other M, MB, is an android partially constructed from Mother Brain's DNA, hence the initialism (which is shared with its human matrix, Madeline Bergman). Mother Brain makes cameos in various video games, including WarioWare, Inc.: Mega Microgame$!, Super Smash Bros.
AHRC New York City is an organization serving people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in New York City. The initialism AHRC once stood for Association for the Help of Retarded Children. While the name is no longer used, the organization retained its four letters.
The media portrayal of LGBT people is the depiction or portrayal of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex people in media. The initialism LGBT is commonly used to include all non-heterosexual sexual orientations and gender identities represented in shorthand. Although the initialism originated in North America, media representation of LGBT communities may be examined on a global scale, with varying degrees of tolerance. Historically, the portrayals of LGBT communities in media have been negative, reflecting the cultural intolerance of LGBT individuals; however, from the 1990s to present day, there has been an increase in the depictions of LGBT people, issues, and concerns within mainstream media in North America.
Factsheet five, Issues 32–36, Mike Gunderloy, 1989 Activists believed that the term gay community did not accurately represent all those to whom it referred. The initialism, as well as common variants such as LGBTQ, have been adopted into the mainstream in the 1990s as an umbrella term for use when labeling topics about sexuality and gender identity. For example, the LGBT Movement Advancement Project termed community centers, which have services specific to those members of the LGBT community, as "LGBT community centers" in comprehensive studies of such centers around the United States. The initialism LGBT is intended to emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender identity- based cultures.
Shakib Khan (; born 28 March 1979), also known by the initialism SK, is a Bangladeshi film actor, producer, singer, film organiser and media personality. In his career spanning about two decades, Khan has been the propeller of the contemporary local film industry, widely known as Dhallywood. He is popularly known in the media as "King Khan", "King of Dhallywood" and "Number One Shakib Khan" (initialism as No1SK), also referred as "Bhaijaan of Dhallywood" (in reference to his 2018 film Bhaijaan Elo Re). Currently he is the highest paid actor in Bangladesh. Following his debut in Sohanur Rahman Sohan's 1999 action romantic Ananta Bhalobasha, Khan did not lead to widespread fame.
The Merriam–Webster's Dictionary of English Usage from 1994 is one of the earliest publications to advocate for the expansive sense,Merriam-Webster, Inc. Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of English Usage, 1994. . pp. 21–22: and all the major dictionary editions that include a sense of acronym equating it with initialism were first published in the twenty- first century. The trend among dictionary editors appears to be towards including a sense defining acronym as initialism: The Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary added such a sense in its eleventh edition in 2003, and both the Oxford English Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary added such senses in their 2011 editions.
The initialism "DFC" was never explained inside the actual comic, and readers were encouraged to send in amusing phrases formed from the three letters, which were then displayed on the front cover. Examples of this are: "Dirty Fingernail Contest", "Delighted Football Crowd", "Dachshund Flips Coin", et cetera.
The MGB (), an initialism for Ministerstvo gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti SSSR (, translated in English as Ministry for State Security), was the name of the Soviet state security apparatus dealing with internal and external security issues: secret police duties, foreign and domestic intelligence and counterintelligence, etc from 1946 to 1953.
CIT Group Inc. (CIT) is a financial holding company and bank holding company incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in New York City. CIT Bank, CIT's banking subsidiary, is headquartered in Pasadena, California. The company's name is an initialism of an early corporate name, Commercial Investment Trust.
In 2017, MBDA recorded orders for €4.2 bn and an order book of €16.8 bn. The company name is an initialism of the names of the companies that came together to form it: Matra; BAe Dynamics and Alenia. MBDA works with over 90 armed forces worldwide.
PepsiCo made the chain a part of its restaurants division alongside Pizza Hut and Taco Bell. The Chinese market was entered in November 1987, with an outlet in Beijing. In 1991, the KFC name was officially adopted, although it was already widely known by that initialism.
A ČSV badge ČSV is an initialism used to promote Sámi identity and activism. The three letters are the most commonly used in Sámi languages, and together they can stand for a variety of phrases, although the most common modern meaning is Čájet Sámi Vuoiŋŋa! (Show Sámi Spirit).
CSS logo CSS (an initialism of Cansei de Ser Sexy) (, in São Paulo, English lit. "Tired of being sexy") is a Brazilian rock band from São Paulo. The band was labeled as part of the explosion of the new rave scene. Their songs are in both English and Portuguese.
BDSM is an initialism for "bondage and discipline, sadism and masochism" and can also include other D/s (dominance and submission) practices. Since consent, communication, and equal power exchange are fundamental in the BDSM subculture, pornography that is made can ultimately be used as educational for the inquiring practitioner.
ACNOR is a former French-language acronym of the Association canadienne de normalisation.À propos The English name is the Canadian Standards Association, sometimes known as CSA Standards, a standards organization in Canada, and the standards that it publishes. The initialism "CSA" is now used in both official languages.
The TAKM - Organization of the Eurasian Law Enforcement Agencies with Military Status (), is an intergovernmental military law enforcement (gendarmerie) organization of three Turkic countries (Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkey) and Mongolia. The initialism TAKM came from the founder countries' names. The TAKM is considered as an alternative for the FIEP.
CAMIVA, an initialism for Constructeurs Associés de Matériels d'Incendie, Voirie et Aviation, (English for Associated Constructors of Fire Roads and Aviation Equipments) is a French company which specializes in equipment for fire and rescue founded in 1970, near Chambéry, in Saint-Alban-Leysse in the department of Savoie, France.
Im So-eun (born October 7, 1996), better known as NC.A (initialism for New Creative Artist), is a South Korean singer. She debuted in August 2013 with "My Student Teacher". She was last active as a member of South Korean girl group Uni.T, until their disbandment in September 2018.
The initialism ' (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, transsexual, queer, questioning, intersex, asexual, ally, pansexual) has also resulted, although such initialisms are sometimes criticized for being confusing and leaving some people out, as well as issues of placement of the letters within the new title. However, adding the term "allies" to the initialism has sparked controversy, with some seeing the inclusion of "ally" in place of "asexual" as a form of asexual erasure. There is also the acronym ' (queer and questioning, unsure, intersex, lesbian, transgender and two- spirit, bisexual, asexual and aromantic, and gay and genderqueer). Similarly ' stands for "lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer/questioning, asexual and many other terms (such as non-binary and pansexual)".
The name of the record label, as well as the website its artists are associated with originates from an initialism, standing for "Don't Forget to Be Awesome". The initialism is generally seen as the motto for the VlogBrothers (consisting of Green, and his brother, John), as well as their fan base, known as Nerdfighteria. The goal of the record label, as Lastufka stated in a video on the subject, is to provide a distribution network for talented artists of YouTube and to make sure their music reaches out to the "largest audience possible." The record label claims to aid a bigger audience in connecting with the artists, and make the "YouTube experience" more lucrative, more exciting, and more fun.
CES (formerly an initialism for Consumer Electronics Show) is an annual trade show organized by the Consumer Technology Association (CTA). Held in January at the Las Vegas Convention Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, the event typically hosts presentations of new products and technologies in the consumer electronics industry.
Hope, Peace, and Liberty () was a Colombian political party. The party was created in 1991, when the guerrillas Popular Liberation Army ( or EPL) demobilized. The demobilized members formed a kept the initialism EPL in forming Hope Peace and Liberty. The party was active mostly in Antioquia Department and Córdoba Department.
In 1987, the National Center for Health Statistics became part of CDC., About NCHS: Celebrating 50 Years. An act of the United States Congress appended the words "and Prevention" to the name effective October 27, 1992. However, Congress directed that the initialism CDC be retained because of its name recognition.
Nation19 is defined by its large photo spreads and motifs of indigenous empowerment, archeological research, and social change. Nation19 offers posters, limited T-shirts, and accessories for purchase in its online store. The hashtag initialism term "APDTA" was coined by Nation19 and is an international trademarked brand sold by the company.
This authority is sometimes cited variously as Australia and New Zealand Food Standards/Safety Authority (ANZFSA), possibly incorrect nomenclature arising due to confusion with the old initialism ANZFA, and with the acronym of the New Zealand authority, NZFSA (pronounced enzfissar, similar to anzfessar of ANZFSA), which previously managed such questions in New Zealand.
QVC Germany is a branch of QVC, a multinational corporation specialising in televised home shopping, originally founded in 1986 by Joseph Segel in West Chester, Pennsylvania. It expanded into Germany in 1996. QVC broadcasts in four major countries to 141 million consumers. The name is an initialism—standing for "Quality, Value, Convenience".
H.W.A. (an initialism of Hoez With Attitude) is an American all-female hip hop trio, composed of Jazz, Diva and Baby Girl, Diva was later on replaced by Go- Di. They were active between 1989 and 1994, and reformed in April 2012. They gained exposure after they were signed to Ruthless Records.
Comprehensive Electronic Office, often referred to by its initialism CEO, was a suite of office automation software from Data General introduced in 1981. It included word processing, e-mail, spreadsheets, business graphics and desktop accessories. The software was developed mostly in PL/I on and for the AOS and AOS/VS operating systems.
Maharashtra Times (), colloquially referred to as 'Ma Taa' (मटा) from its Marathi initialism, is a Marathi newspaper based in Mumbai, India. It is the largest selling daily marathi newspaper in the country. According to the IRS 2005 survey, Maharashtra Times enjoys the second largest readershipThe Indian Readership Survey, IRS, 2005 R1. in Mumbai.
Irmulco is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California. It is located on the California Western Railroad north-northeast of Comptche, at an elevation of 436 feet (133 m). A post office operated at Irmulco from 1911 to 1927. The name comes from an initialism of the Irvine and Muir Lumber Company.
H.N.I.C. is the debut solo album by American rapper Prodigy. The album was scheduled for a September release but ultimately released November 14, 2000. After four Mobb Deep albums, Prodigy took a temporary break from the group and released his first solo effort. "H.N.I.C." is an initialism for "Head Nigga In Charge".
It was Beattie who spotted the marketing potential of the initialism and a campaign was launched around it. Being deliberately similar to the taboo word "fuck", French Connection's use of "fcuk" caused widespread controversy. In addition, there was heavy criticism that French Connection and other advertisers are "free to put up offensive posters, gain huge impact from them, and then - when they are ordered down (often after the campaign has run its course) - to notch up even more publicity".Time called on FCUK posters, BBC News, 2001-04-04. Retrieved on 2007-07-15 Following a number of complaints about advertising campaigns using the initialism, the UK's Advertising Standards Authority requested that the company submit all poster campaigns for approval before running them.
Investigative jurisdiction within the Army of these crimes resides with U.S. Army Counterintelligence (ACI), although joint and parallel investigations can and do happen depending on specific circumstances (most commonly with terrorism investigations). USACIDC was established as a United States Army command in 1971 and is headquartered at Marine Corps Base, Quantico, Virginia. Worldwide, the organization has slightly fewer than 3,000 soldiers and civilians, of whom approximately 900 are special agents. The initialism "USACIDC" is used to refer to the Army command itself, while criminal investigation personnel and operations are commonly referred to using the shortened initialism "CID", which has its history in the original Criminal Investigation Division formed during World War I and is still retained today for continuity purposes.
There was also a perceived association between EDM and drug culture, which led governments at state and city level to enact laws and policies intended to halt the spread of rave culture. Subsequently, in the new millennium, the popularity of EDM increased globally, largely in Australia and the United States. By the early 2010s, the term "electronic dance music" and the initialism "EDM" was being pushed by the American music industry and music press in an effort to rebrand American rave culture. Despite the industry's attempt to create a specific EDM brand, the initialism remains in use as an umbrella term for multiple genres, including dance-pop, house, techno, trance, drum and bass, dubstep, hardstyle, and trap, as well as their respective subgenres.
OCI or OCI Company Ltd. () is a green energy and chemical company founded in 1959, with its head office in Seoul, South Korea. The company's name is an initialism of its former corporate name, Oriental Chemical Industries (). In 2012, it realized 3,218 billion KRW in revenues, more than 70% of total revenue generated abroad.
DMTN (; an initialism for Desire.Motivation.Timing.Now), formerly Dalmatian (), is a South Korean idol group created and managed by MC Mong under Monkey Funch Entertainment. The original lineup consisted of Inati, Day Day, Donglim, Jeesu, Dari, and Daniel. Dalmatian released a 30-second music video teaser of their debut digital single "Round 1" on August 25, 2010.
Dalmatian released their mini-album State of Emergency on May 16, 2012. Later that year, their contract with IS Entermedia Group expired and the group signed with the newly established 2Works Entertainment. They changed their name to DMTN the following January. Standing for "Desire, Motivation, Timing, Now", the initialism was conceived by vocalist Daniel.
The conventional gradient colors of the rainbow symbol Natural rainbows show a continuum of colors. ROYGBIV or Roy G. Biv is an acronym for the sequence of hues commonly described as making up a rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. The initialism is sometimes referred to in reverse order, as VIBGYOR.
He pursued a career as an MC and later joined the band Enoch, a group started by Wuv Bernardo, Gabe Portillo and Marcos Curiel, which, with the addition of Sandoval, later became P.O.D. (initialism for "Payable On Death"). Sandoval states his musical roots as reggae, rock, and rap, all of which are apparent in P.O.D.
BRDM is an initialism for Boyevaya Razvedyvatelnaya Dozornaya Mashina, (RU Боевая Разведывательная Дозорная Машина), literally "Combat Reconnaissance Patrol Vehicle". The BRDM is a four-wheeled amphibious vehicle which is very lightly armoured by today's standards. Both versions were produced in the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries. Both versions came in an ATGM variant.
The poet Pete Brown wrote the words and Cream's bassist Jack Bruce wrote the music. Bruce sings and plays bass guitar, with Eric Clapton on guitars, and Ginger Baker on drums. The title is an initialism for "She Walks Like a Bearded Rainbow". Bruce later said the W stood for "Was" rather than "Walks".
NASFiC, held in Los Angeles, on Labor Day weekend 1975, at the Los Angeles Airport Marriott, was the first North American Science Fiction Convention. "NASFiC" was an initialism for North American Science Fiction Convention. This "Continental Convention", the first of its kind, was held because Melbourne, Australia, was selected as the location for the 1975 Worldcon.
The OHB Systems AG was founded in 1958 as a marine outfitter company in Hemelinger harbour, Bremen. The name is an initialism of Otto Hydraulic Bremen. In 1981 Christa and Manfred Fuchs became involved with OHB. At the time OHB was a small company of 5 employees doing hydraulic and electrical work, mainly for the Bundeswehr.
INSP (formerly The Inspiration Network; the initialism is sounded out letter- by-letter) is an American digital cable and satellite television channel that features family entertainment programming. INSP is headquartered in Indian Land, South Carolina, near Charlotte, North Carolina. It is wholly owned by Inspiration Ministries. Between 1991 and 2010, INSP was a non-profit ministry focused network.
Current number of active players are 6M+, and currently the site has the largest virtual goods catalog of more than 40 million items. The business was previously located in Mountain View, California. It was also known as one of the leading practitioners of the lean startup approach. The company name was neither an acronym nor an initialism.
FOC or Far Out Corporation is the debut studio album released by Australian collaborative rock group, Far Out Corporation (a.k.a. the FOC), in October 1998. Its title is an initialism of the group's name. It is the sole album from the group, which was produced by Tim Whitten and the FOC at Airlock Studios, East Brisbane, via Polydor Records.
CN is an initialism for Code Name, while BLUE is a backronym for burning, lovely, untouchable, and emotional; it is meant to portray the images of Jong-hyun, Min-hyuk, Jung-shin, and Yong-hwa, respectively. On January 14, 2010, CNBLUE debuted in Korea with the lead single "I'm a Loner" from their first Korean EP Bluetory.
An example of a digital camera in the Cyber-shot line. Cyber-shot is Sony's line of point-and-shoot digital cameras introduced in 1996. Cyber-shot model names use a DSC prefix, which is an initialism for "Digital Still Camera". Many Cyber-shot models feature Carl Zeiss trademarked lenses, while others use Sony, or Sony G lenses.
Certain works, particularly logos and emblems of government agencies, while not copyrightable, are still protected by other laws that are similar in effect to trademark laws. Such laws are intended to protect indicators of source or quality. For example, some uses of the Central Intelligence Agency logo, name, and initialism are regulated under the CIA Act of 1949 ().
DC Inside (), frequently noted under the initialism DC, is a South Korean internet forum. Initially established as a community dedicated to digital cameras and photography, it has met broad notoriety in Korea due to its unique nature. Among Western media, it is analogous to the English-language website 4Chan for its image and influence upon Korean internet culture.
Q.E.D. or QED () is an initialism of the Latin phrase "", literally meaning "what was to be shown". Traditionally, the abbreviation is placed at the end of a mathematical proof or philosophical argument in print publications to indicate that the proof or the argument is complete, and hence is used with the meaning "thus it has been demonstrated".
PHP is a general-purpose scripting language especially suited to web development. It was originally created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994; the PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP Group. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.PHP Manual: Preface, www.php.net.
The original author and maintainer of GNU arch was Thomas Lord who started the project in 2001. The command used to manipulate GNU arch repositories is tla, an initialism for Tom Lord's Arch. Lord started GNU arch as a collection of shell scripts to provide an alternative to CVS. In 2003, arch became part of the GNU project.
Laryngeal mask airways can even be used to deliver general anesthesia. These are followed by infraglottic techniques, such as tracheal intubation and finally surgical techniques. Advanced airway management is a key component in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, anaesthesia, emergency medicine, and intensive care medicine. The A in the ABC initialism mnemonic for dealing with critically ill patients stands for airway management.
Logic Works Inc. was a software company based in Princeton, New Jersey. Their flagship product was an IDEF1X modeling and database design tool called ERwin (ERwin) whose name is formed from an initialism of ER for Entity Relationship and "win", short for windows. The company also produced BPwin (for business process modeling using IDEF0), ModelMart and TestBytes.
Other Eastern Bloc nations soon followed suit. In 1965 the West German Federal Minister of All-German Affairs Erich Mende had issued the "Directives for the Appellation of Germany", recommending avoiding the initialism BRD. On 31 May 1974, the heads of West German federal and state governments recommended always using the full name in official publications.
ShoeMart was abbreviated into SM, the name which became commonly known by the locals. The abbreviation SM has become an orphan initialism. The first ShoeMart outlet was abandoned and the department store moved to a new site along the nearby Carriedo Street. The old site was demolished in 1982 and was turned into its Clearance Outlet.
LV-ROM is an optical disc format developed by Philips Electronics to integrate analog video and computer software for interactive multimedia. The LV-ROM is a specialized variation of the CAV Laserdisc. LV-ROM is an initialism for "LaserVision Read-Only Memory". Like Laserdisc, LV-ROM discs store analog audio and video by encoding it in pulse-width modulation.
This was followed by a complete buyout in 2006 and merger of both Stevenson Leisure Wales and SMPR, the new organisation was named Stevenson Management and PR UK, later changed to Stevenson management after concerns the initialism SMPR was identical to the original initialism of the former name, Strategic Management and Public Relations. The organisation now continues to operate a number of small business across England. In 2012 the organisation entered a dramatic financial decline and was forced to withdraw shares in a number of its majority interests, including the newly founded SunTEc sustainable energy in which Stevenson Management UK had invested a considerable sum. In January 2015 the organisation announced they had received and accepted an offer of £3.1 million from Ravenscroft Leisure Holdings involving a complete takeover of the company.
From 2003, the bank began to move away from referring to both the Group brand and its retail banking brand as "The Royal Bank of Scotland", instead of using the "RBS" initialism. This was intended to support the positioning of the bank as a Global financial services player as opposed to its roots as a national bank, however, "The Royal Bank of Scotland" continued to be used alongside the RBS initialism, with both appearing on bank signage. An example of the current branding can be found in the Six Nations Championship in rugby union, which it sponsors as the RBS 6 Nations or NatWest Six Nations. In Spring 2014 the full bank name returned to print and television advertising in the form of a new logo with the omission of "The".
Ivy Tech was founded in 1963 as Indiana's Vocational Technical College in order to provide technical and vocational education for various industries and was rechartered as a system of vocational technical schools in 2005. The name "Ivy Tech" derives from an initialism (I.V. Tech) of the school's original name. The name was officially changed to Ivy Tech State College in 1995.
The team was set up by Italian rider Lucio Cecchinello in 1996 (LCR being an initialism for Lucio Cecchinello Racing). He set up his own team for the 125cc World Championship using Honda motorcycles, earning several top ten returns. Similar results followed in the 1997. In the 1998 the team recruited two-time 125cc runner-up Noboru Ueda to ride alongside Cecchinello.
It was supposed to be an intuitively easy-to-use desktop computer environment. The K was originally suggested to stand for "Kool", but it was quickly decided that the K should stand for nothing in particular. Therefore, the KDE initialism expanded to "K Desktop Environment" before it was dropped altogether in favor of KDE = Community due to the rebranding effort.
Russian organized crime or Russian mafia (, ), otherwise known as Bratva (), is a collective of various organized crime elements originating in the former Soviet Union. The acronym OPG is Organized Criminal (Prestupnaya in Russian) Group, used to refer to any of the Russian mafia groups, sometimes modified with a specific name, e.g. Orekhovskaya OPG. Sometimes the initialism is translated and OCG is used.
200px AZF (French initialism for AZote Fertilisant, i.e. nitrogen fertiliser) was the name of a chemical factory in Toulouse, France, which exploded on 21 September 2001. The blast was equivalent to 20-40 tons of TNT, producing an earthquake with a magnitude of 3.4, and was heard 80 km away (50 miles). The incident resulted in 29 deaths and left 2,500 wounded.
The AAPC was founded in 1988, as the American Academy of Professional Coders, with the aim of providing education and certification to coders working in physician-based settings. These settings include group practices and specialty centers (i.e. non-hospital settings). In 2010, as their services had expanded beyond medical and outpatient coding, the full name was dropped in favor of the AAPC initialism.
Although the comparison of basic vocabulary in LENSEGUA and indigenous sign languages using Lexicostatistics does not indicate high rates of similitude, non-basic signs show a higher degree of similarity than would be likely by either chance or by purely iconic motivations. Some LENSEGUA signs are identical to indigenous signs. Others are identical except that they include an initialism from LENSEGUA's manual alphabet.
As the station had the "WB" initialism in its call letters, Griffin management decided to take advantage of the new network for branding purposes and changed its callsign to reflect its new affiliation. On May 23, Griffin Communications applied to change the station's call letters to KQCW (intending to mean " _Q_ uality Television, The _CW_ "); the callsign change became official on June 30.
POV (also written P.O.V.) is a Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) public television series which features independent nonfiction films. POV is an initialism for point of view. POV is the longest-running showcase on television for independent documentary films. PBS presents 14–16 POV programs each year, and the series has premiered over 400 films to U.S. television audiences since 1988.
EFL is a programming language originated by programmer A.D. Hall in the late 1970s and completed by Stuart Feldman. It was intended to improve on Fortran by adding control structures similar to those of C and was implemented as a preprocessor to a Fortran compiler. Its name is an initialism for Extended Fortran Language. It is roughly a superset of Ratfor.
Following a concept presented at the 2007 Frankfurt Auto Show, the production iQ debuted at the March 2008 Geneva Motor Show. Japanese sales began in November 2008 and European sales in January 2009. In 2008, the iQ was named the Japanese Car of the Year. The name iQ, an initialism of the term intelligence quotient, recalls a competitor, the Smart Fortwo.
The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm is a cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1990. The digest length is 128 bits. The algorithm has influenced later designs, such as the MD5, SHA-1 and RIPEMD algorithms. The initialism "MD" stands for "Message Digest." One MD4 operation : MD4 consists of 48 of these operations, grouped in three rounds of 16 operations.
By its enthusiasts, robot fetishism is more commonly referred to by the initials "ASFR". This initialism stems from the now-defunct Usenet newsgroup alt.sex.fetish.robots. Many devotees of this fetish refer to themselves as technosexual,"Acting Like a Sex Machine", by Kate Hodges, Bizarre Magazine, October 2004 or as "ASFRians". ASFR can be divided into two distinct but sometimes overlapping types of fantasies.
Natural Step, focus on sustainability issues and assume that other quality problems will be reduced as result of the systematic thinking, transparency, documentation and diagnostic discipline. The term "Quality Management System" and the initialism "QMS" were invented in 1991 by Ken Croucher, a British management consultant working on designing and implementing a generic model of a QMS within the IT industry.
In 1993, after having split from Maurice Starr, the group shortened their name to the initialism NKOTB. In January 1994, their fourth studio album, Face the Music, was released. Their first studio album in close to four years, Face the Music was a musical departure from the group's previous efforts. Nearly all the songs were written and/or co-produced by the group.
After German reunification, HFO lost its customer base in the Soviet bloc. Efforts were made to adapt, but it shrank from 8,000 to 100 people and finally closed in July 2002. However, IHP remained healthy and continued to receive research funding and to develop new technology. It received an English name Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics and kept the original initialism.
The Maricopa Community College District, or Maricopa Community Colleges for short, is also known as the Maricopa County Community College District (MCCCD). This is the legal entity name of the District. Some confuse the Maricopa Community Colleges abbreviation for Mesa Community College (MCC), one of the ten Maricopa colleges. The District's official initialism, therefore, is MCCCD, while Mesa's is MCC.
KNK (; lit. "great" or "to be great") is a South Korean boy group formed in 2016. KNK is an initialism which stands for K-pop knock, meaning "to knock on the door of K-pop with their music." They held their debut showcase on February 29, 2016 and officially released their debut single album titled Knock on March 3, 2016.
Acronyms were first used to identify clinical trials in the 1970s. The first identified instance was "UGDP", an initialism for University Group Diabetes Program. The first trial title commonly pronounced as an English-language word or words came in 1982 with the publication of "MRFIT", referring to the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, and spoken as "Mr. Fit" or "the Mr. Fit trial".
ESPN (originally an initialism for Entertainment and Sports Programming Network) is an American multinational basic cable sports channel owned by ESPN Inc., owned jointly by The Walt Disney Company (80%) and Hearst Communications (20%). The company was founded in 1979 by Bill Rasmussen along with his son Scott Rasmussen and Ed Egan. ESPN broadcasts primarily from studio facilities located in Bristol, Connecticut.
The project's name in English (Cybersyn) is a portmanteau of the words "cybernetics" and "synergy". Since the name is not euphonic in Spanish, in that language the project was called Synco, both an initialism for the Spanish Sistema de INformación y COntrol, "system of information and control", and a pun on the Spanish cinco, the number five, alluding to the five levels of Beer's viable system model.
LGBT publications, pride parades, and related events, such as this stage at Bologna Pride 2008 in Italy, increasingly drop the LGBT initialism instead of regularly adding new letters, and dealing with issues of placement of those letters within the new title.Cahill, Sean, and Bryan Kim-Butler. "Policy priorities for the LGBT community: Pride Survey 2006." New York, NY: National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (2006).
2010 pride parade in Plaza de Mayo, Buenos Aires, which uses the LGBTIQ initialism. Senate Square, Helsinki, right before the 2011 Helsinki Pride parade started. Many variants exist including variations that change the order of the letters; LGBT or GLBT are the most common terms. Although identical in meaning, LGBT may have a more feminist connotation than GLBT as it places the "L" (for "lesbian") first.
QT (an initialism for Quinn Thomas) is a music project consisting of American vocalist and performance artist Hayden Frances Dunham (also known as HFD), English producer A. G. Cook, and Scottish producer Sophie. QT is a pop singer portrayed by Dunham who promotes and is the living embodiment of the semi- fictitious DrinkQT energy drink. Their debut single "Hey QT" was released in 2014.
The company OHB System AG is a major constituent of the OHB corporation. This company was founded in 1958 as a marine systems outfitter. The name OHB originates from this time; the name is an initialism of Otto Hydraulic Bremen. However the activities of the company shifted toward space technology in the 1980s after the couple Christa Fuchs and Manfred Fuchs took over ownership of the company.
UNFD (pronounced as an initialism [/ˈjuːˈenˈefˈdiː/]) is an independent record label based in Melbourne, Australia. The label is home to a number of Australian artists including Northlane, Ocean Grove, Hellions and In Hearts Wake, and international artists Frank Iero, Architects, Beartooth, Silverstein, and more. The label has offices in London and Los Angeles. UNFD is part of the UNIFIED Music Group, owned by Jaddan Comerford.
Multiple video game and esports websites use this domain, because "gg" is a common initialism used in multiplayer video games as an abbreviation for the phrase "good game", usually said at the end of a match. For example, the VoIP application Discord, commonly used with multiplayer games, uses the domain discord.gg as a redirect to their main website, discord.com, as well as for Discord server invite links.
"PC" is an initialism for "personal computer". The IBM Personal Computer incorporated the designation in its model name, but the term evolved to refer to computers of any brand. In some contexts, "PC" is used to differentiate contrast with "Mac", an Apple Macintosh computer. Since none of these Apple products were mainframes or time-sharing systems, they were all "personal computers" and not "PC" (brand) computers.
The International Bureau of Weights and Measures () is an intergovernmental organisation that was established by the Metre Convention, through which member states act together on matters related to measurement science and measurement standards (i.e. the International System of Units). The organisation is commonly referred to by its French initialism, BIPM. The BIPM's secretariat and formal meetings are housed in the organisation's headquarters in Saint-Cloud, France.
Dimethylformamide is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(O)H. Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran, or dimethyl fumarate), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions. Dimethylformamide is odorless, but technical-grade or degraded samples often have a fishy smell due to impurity of dimethylamine.
The phrase is apparently first mentioned as Faust's motto in Robert Nye's novel Faust (1980). This attribution is taken up in V for Vendetta (1982-1988). Here, the initialism "V.V.V.V.V." appears embossed in an arch of V's hideout the "Shadow Gallery" — the character of "V" explains that these stand for the phrase Vi veri veniversum vivus vici,Alan Moore and David Lloyd, "V for Vendetta", vol.
HK is originally an initialism of Helsingin Kauppiaat ("Helsinki Merchants"), a company that was acquired by LSO in 1991. HK is the best known brand of the company in its native Finland. Its Finnish subsidiary is still known as HK Ruokatalo Oy ("HK Food House Inc."). HKScan Oyj is the fifth largest food manufacturer in Europe and a company listed in the Helsinki Stock Exchange.
HSN, an initialism of its former name Home Shopping Network, is an American free-to-air television network owned by the Qurate Retail Group, which also owns catalog company Cornerstone Brands. Based in the Gateway area of St. Petersburg, Florida, United States, the home shopping channel has former and current sister channels in several other countries. HSN also has an online outlet at HSN.com.
On 21 September 2001, an explosion occurred at the AZF (French initialism for AZote Fertilisant, i.e. nitrogen fertiliser) fertiliser factory in Toulouse, France, belonging to the Grande Paroisse branch of the Total group. Three hundred tonnes of ammonium nitrate was stored (the maximum capacity was 2,000 tonnes) in hangar #221. The entire factory was destroyed, making a crater with a depth of about and a diameter of .
F3 Nation, or F3, is a network of free, peer-led workouts for men in the United States with an estimated 20,000 active participants. These participants can be found at approximately 1,500 workout locations in 30 different states. The F3 name is an initialism, which stands for fitness, fellowship and faith, referring to the group's three organizing principles. F3 has 5 "Core Principles" for their workouts. 1.
Vh1 (originally an initialism of Video Hits One) is an American pay television network based in New York City owned by ViacomCBS. It was originally created by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, at the time a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV, and launched on January 1, 1985, in the former space of Turner Broadcasting System's short-lived Cable Music Channel.
XEDIT was written by IBM employee Xavier de Lamberterie and was first released in 1980. Its predecessor was EDIT SP (SP is an initialism for System Product used by IBM). Other key influences were EDIT, the older editor for CMS, and EDGAR, an IBM Program Product editor for CMS. XEDIT supported many of the EDGAR commands, SOS (Screen Output Simulation) being a major one.
The original version of ' was a professional wrestling world heavyweight championship owned by the New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) promotion. "IWGP" is the initialism of NJPW's governing body, the International Wrestling Grand Prix. The title was introduced in 1983 for the winner of the IWGP League 1983. Since then, the championship was defended annually against the winner of the IWGP League of the year.
Like most major Chinese automakers, Changan partners with Western and Japanese companies to produce and sell the products of these foreign firms in China. Changan currently participates in the following joint ventures: Changan Ford (2001-present), and Changan Mazda (2012-present). Jiangling Motor Holding Co. Ltd. (), also known by the initialism JMH, was a joint venture established in October 2004 and controlled equally by Changan and JMCG.
Far East prisoners of war is a term used in the United Kingdom to describe former British and Commonwealth prisoners of war held in the Far East during the Second World War. The term is also used as the initialism FEPOW, or as the abbreviation Far East POWs. Portrait of FEPOW "Dusty" Rhodes. A three-minute sketch by Ashley George Old painted in Thailand in 1944.
According to Dave Farber,WORTH READING Wikipedia entry on SNOBOL -- the TRUE story NOT Wikipedias (Dave Farber, Interesting People mailing list, 26 December 2008) he, Griswold and Polonsky "finally arrived at the name Symbolic EXpression Interpreter SEXI." Common backronyms of "SNOBOL" are 'String Oriented Symbolic Language'Computers and the humanities 1:158, 1967. or (as a quasi-initialism) 'StriNg Oriented symBOlic Language'.Jack Belzer et al.
GLX (initialism for "OpenGL Extension to the X Window System") is an extension to the X Window System core protocol providing an interface between OpenGL and the X Window System as well as extensions to OpenGL itself. It enables programs wishing to use OpenGL to do so within a window provided by the X Window System. GLX distinguishes two "states": indirect state and direct state.
In Finnish and Swedish, the colon can appear inside words in a manner similar to the apostrophe in the English possessive case, connecting a grammatical suffix to an abbreviation or initialism, a special symbol, or a digit (e.g., Finnish USA:n and Swedish USA:s for the genitive case of "USA", Finnish %:ssa for the inessive case of "%", or Finnish 20:een for the illative case of "20").
Visit Nepal 2020, also known by the initialism VNY 2020, was a tourism advertising campaign released by the Government of Nepal as an extension of Visit Nepal campaigns of 1998 and 2011. The campaign was coordinated by Suraj Vaidya. The folkloric creature Yeti was chosen as the campaign's official mascot. In March 2020, the campaign was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal.
The Greek version of the initialism reads ΙΝBΙ, representing . Devotional enthusiasm greeted the discovery by Pedro González de Mendoza in 1492 of what was acclaimed as the actual tablet, said to have been brought to Rome by Saint Helena, mother of Emperor Constantine.Roberto Lanciani, Storia degli scavi di Roma, vol. i, 79, noted by Roberto Weiss, The Renaissance Discovery of Classical Antiquity 1969:102.
Land Systems OMC is South Africa's primary military vehicle manufacturing company. OMC is the initialism under which the Olifant Manufacturing Company was most commonly known during its existence. It was established for the task of creating the Olifant tank for the South African Army. Early into its life it was taken over by Reunert, which subsequently turned it into a division called Reumech OMC.
RSVP cycles is a system of creative methodology for collaboration. It was developed by Lawrence Halprin. and Anna Halprin. Lawrence Halprin presented the system in a 1969 book The RSVP Cycles: Creative Processes in the Human Environment The name is an initialism referring to its four components: ;Resources:Anything that can be used in the process, including time, physical materials, other people, ideas, limitations etc.
Sascha Konietzko performing in Bolków, Poland in July 2009 KMFDM is an initialism for the nonsensical and grammatically incorrect German phrase Kein Mehrheit Für Die Mitleid, which, keeping the same word order, literally translates as "no majority for the pity", but is typically given the loose translation of "no pity for the majority". In the original phrase, the articles preceding the nouns Mehrheit and Mitleid are inflected for the wrong gender, as the proper declension would be Keine Mehrheit für das Mitleid. Swapping the two nouns yields the grammatically correct Kein Mitleid für die Mehrheit, which translates directly as "no pity for the majority". In a 2003 interview, Konietzko explained the origins of the phrase: The initialism has also jokingly been said to stand for "Kill Motherfucking Depeche Mode", coined by the band on their first U.S. tour and used as recently as Kunst.
TTFN is an initialism for a colloquial valediction, "ta ta for now", based on "ta ta", an informal "goodbye". The expression came to prominence in the UK during the Second World War. Used by the military, it was frequently heard by the British public. "Ta-ta for now" was brought into popular use in the UK in 1940 in the weekly radio comedy It's That Man Again by the character Mrs.
Shortly before the album's release, speculation arose that the first letter of each of the title nouns intentionally spelled "LSD", the initialism commonly used for the hallucinogenic drug lysergic acid diethylamide. Lennon repeatedly denied that he had intended it as a drug song. He attributed the song's fantastical imagery to his reading of Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland books. The Beatles recorded "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" in March 1967.
On June 15 and June 24, more videos were released spelling the words CRYING and FOUNTAIN, respectively. On May 18, Andrew announced a new Liars album to be released sometime in August, along with the amicable departure of founding member Aaron Hemphill. He will go on tour from August with a new backup band. The initialism TFCF was the title of the band's LP which was released on August 25, 2017.
M.U.R. was a Lebanese clandestine liberation armed group fighting Lebanon's occupation by foreign armies in the 1990s, after the Lebanese civil war was officially ended. The group's name was an initialism of Unified Movements of the Resistance (). M.U.R. was founded in 1991 by Michel Elefteriades who led it until 1994. It was instigated after General Michel Aoun's defeat by the Syrian army that took control of most of Lebanon's territory.
KOD (an initialism for Kids on Drugs, Kings Overdosed and Kill Our Demons) is the fifth studio album by American rapper J. Cole. It was released on April 20, 2018 through Dreamville Records, Roc Nation and Interscope Records. The majority of the album’s production was handled by Cole himself, along with others such as T-Minus, Mark Pelli, BLVK and Ron Gilmore. The album incorporates elements of jazz rap and trap.
IANAL is a Usenet and chat abbreviation (initialism) for the expansion "I am not a lawyer". The expansion may be used by non-lawyers who are seeking to avoid accusations of unauthorized practice of law and are not making any recommendation to the particular addressee of their remarks. A related abbreviation, TINLA, stands for "This is not legal advice". One or both of these expansions often precede opinions about law.
The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission (), abbreviated VChK (), and commonly known as Cheka ( from the initialism ), was the first of a succession of Soviet secret-police organizations. Established on December 5 (Old Style) 1917 by the Sovnarkom, it came under the leadership of Felix Dzerzhinsky, a Polish aristocrat-turned-communist. By late 1918 hundreds of Cheka committees had sprung up in the RSFSR at the oblast, guberniya, raion, uyezd, and volost levels.
CMTV, an initialism for Country Music Television, was founded by Glenn D. Daniels, the owner of Video World Productions in Hendersonville, Tennessee. Daniels put together the ownership group of Telestar Corporation and the Blinder Robinson & Company investment bank in a three-way split. Daniels also served as the program director and the first president of the network. The network launched on March 5, 1983, at 6:19 p.m.
TARGA is an acronym for Truevision Advanced Raster Graphics Adapter; TGA is an initialism for Truevision Graphics Adapter. TGA files commonly have the extension ".tga" on PC DOS/Windows systems and macOS (older Macintosh systems use the "TPIC" type code). The format can store image data with 8, 15, 16, 24, or 32 bits of precision per pixel - the maximum 24 bits of RGB and an extra 8-bit alpha channel.
The building at 625 Park Avenue was designed by Park Avenue architect James Edwin Ruthven Carpenter, Jr. often referred to by the initialism "J.E.R. Carpenter". Carpenter has many designs on the avenue, (including 620 Park Avenue across Park Avenue,) and together with Rosario Candela is considered among its primary influencers. 625 Park Avenue was developed in 1929 by builder Louis Kauffman, who would later occupy an apartment in the building.
S.I.O.S.O.S. Volume One is the debut album by American hip-hop group Spooks, released on February 3, 2000 by Antra, Artemis and Sony Music. The title is an initialism for "Spooks Is On Some Other Shit". The album launched the single "Things I've Seen", which charted at number 13 on Billboard's Hot Rap Singles chart and number 94 on the Hot R&B;/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart.
Logo until 2017 FYE (initialism for For Your Entertainment) is an American chain of entertainment retail stores in headquartered in Albany. Formerly owned by Trans World Entertainment, it began in 1993 and was expanded in 2001 after buying out and rebranding mall-based Camelot, Strawberries, Record Town, Coconuts and DiscJockey stores. There are 206 locations as of May 2019. As of 2020, FYE is a unit of 2428392, Inc.
GGP Inc. (an initialism of General Growth Properties) was an American commercial real estate company and the second-largest shopping mall operator in the United States. It was founded by brothers Martin, Matthew and Maurice Bucksbaum in Cedar Rapids, Iowa in 1954, and has been headquartered in Chicago, Illinois since 2000. It was subject to the largest real estate bankruptcy in American history at the time of its filing in 2009.
Chemical warfare involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons. This type of warfare is distinct from nuclear warfare and biological warfare, which together make up NBC, the military initialism for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (warfare or weapons). None of these fall under the term conventional weapons, which are primarily effective because of their destructive potential. Chemical warfare does not depend upon explosive force to achieve an objective.
Navegacion y Servicios Aéreos Canarios, better known by its initialism NAYSA, was a regional airline based in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain. It operated scheduled and charter flights, as well as cargo flights, air taxis, air ambulance flights and crew transfers. Its main base was Gran Canaria International Airport. All NAYSA aircraft were operated under a franchise agreement as Binter Canarias into which it has been merged in spring 2018.
ESCM (initialism for Electric Sky Church Music) is the second studio album by American electronic musician BT, released on September 22, 1997. Following Ima, Transeau branched out to create club anthems such as "Flaming June", while also drawing inspiration from drum and bass as well as hip hop. ESCM also features Transeau adding live guitar, bass and drums to songs, as well as the use of a strings ensemble.
' is a standard program on Unix and Unix-like operating systems that lists, edits and reexecutes commands previously entered to an interactive shell. fc is a builtin command in the Bash and Zsh shells and is an initialism for "'fix command". It is particularly helpful for editing complex, multi-line commands. The editor can be specified by setting the EDITOR (changes the default editor) or the FCEDIT environment variable.
AmeriCorps VISTA is a national service program designed to alleviate poverty. President John F. Kennedy originated the idea for VISTA, which was founded as Volunteers in Service to America in 1965, and incorporated into the AmeriCorps network of programs in 1993. VISTA is an initialism for Volunteers in Service to America. On March 11, 2018, President Donald Trump sent his official Fiscal Year 2020 (FY 2020) Budget request to Congress.
The two systems together are abbreviated in various ways, such as OSS/BSS, BSS/OSS, B/OSS, BSSOSS, OSSBSS or BOSS. Some commentators and analysts take a network-up approach to these systems (hence OSS/BSS) and others take a business-down approach (hence BSS/OSS). The initialism BSS is also used in a singular form to refer to all the business support systems viewed as a whole system.
In May 1969 the magazine was published with a new name, AUM, an initialism for Adult Underthirty Magazine, also referring to the Hindu meditation word Om. The cover photograph by Ed Caraeff showed four of the GTOs including Pamela Des Barres, each holding a different past issue of TeenSet. The editorial by Sims said the magazine's new title was pronounced "awm".Sims, Judith (May 1969). "Etcetera" AUM, p.
Structural diagrams of the BTX hydrocarbons. In the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries, the initialism BTX refers to mixtures of benzene, toluene, and the three xylene isomers, all of which are aromatic hydrocarbons. The xylene isomers are distinguished by the designations ortho – (or o –), meta – (or m –), and para – (or p –) as indicated in the adjacent diagram. If ethylbenzene is included, the mixture is sometimes referred to as BTEX.
A prominent symbol in Nerdfighter culture is a double-handed gesture with crossed arms, resembling the Vulcan salute from Star Trek. Celebrities such as actor Benedict Cumberbatch and Olympian Jennifer Pinches have been documented demonstrating Nerdfighter hand gestures. The symbol has been referred to as a Nerdfighter "gang sign" or a "salute". Additionally, the initialism "DFTBA", standing for "Don't Forget To Be Awesome", is generally considered the motto of the community.
Following her Jimmy Kimmel Live! performance on August 28 it was announced her EP would be released on October 2. She later confirmed she would be performing under the name "Riley" (stylized in all caps as "RILEY") and released the single "A Moment" on September 4. "BGE" (initialism for big girl energy) was released as the second single from the EP on September 18, alongside its music video.
The Müller AO Classification of fractures is a system for classifying bone fractures initially published in 1987 by the AO Foundation as a method of categorizing injuries according to therognosis of the patient's anatomical and functional outcome. "AO" is an initialism for the German "Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen", the predecessor of the AO Foundation. It is one of the few complete fracture classification systems to remain in use today after validation.
Retrieved on 2007-07-15 The company threatened legal action against the political youth organisation Conservative Future, which had briefly adopted the spoof abbreviation "cfuk" (short for "Conservative Future UK").Young Tories threatened over logo, BBC News, 1999-09-15. Retrieved on 2007-07-15 Toronto, Ontario, Canada fcuk in Vaughan Mills Mall, Canada French Connection stopped using the initialism in advertising in 2005, and reduced its profile in its shops.
HGTV (Originally an initialism for Home & Garden Television) is an American pay television channel that is owned by Discovery, Inc. The network primarily broadcasts reality programming related to home improvement and real estate. As of February 2015, approximately 95,628,000 American households (82.2% of households with television) receive HGTV. In 2016, HGTV overtook CNN as the third most-watched cable channel in the United States, behind Fox News and ESPN.
Until such time, the initialism SRUC is given as the organisation's name to avoid a reference to university college status.SRUC Boards and Committees Remits and Structures document, 2012 SRUC is a registered charity under Scottish law. Degrees are currently awarded by The University of Edinburgh and The University of Glasgow depending on the campus. SRUC students study land-based courses on sites throughout Scotland from further education to PhD level.
Some historians use the initialism MMDCA in honor of Orlando de Oliveira Alvarenga, who died of his wounds three months after the clash in August 1932. To honor him, the state government created the "Colar Cruz de Alvarenga e dos Heróis Anônimos" ("Necklace Cross of Alvarenga and Anonymous Heroes"). On January 13, 2004, State Law 11.658 was enacted, styling May 23 as "Dia dos Heróis MMDCA" ("MMDCA Heroes Day").
In November 2008, the company acquired Santiago-based Wanako Games from Activision Blizzard, which was the first and largest South American game studio. By 2010, the studio's name was reverted to Behaviour Interactive, partly due to increased production of original titles and thus stronger presence in the gaming community, partly due to the availability of the original name, and partly due to one particular obscene interpretation of the initialism "A2M".
The initialism LGBT is used to refer collectively to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people and members of the specific group and to the community (subculture) that surrounds them. This can include rights advocates, artists, authors, etc. In spite of considerable de jure legal protection for the LGBT community in Colombia (see LGBT rights in Colombia), LGBT individuals are often subject to controversy regarding acceptance (transgender individuals, in particular).
Super Junior-T (), an initialism for Super Junior-Trot is the second official sub-group of South Korean boy band Super Junior. They are the first idol group known for capitalizing trot music, the oldest form of Korean pop music. Formed in 2007, the group consists of five Super Junior members: Leeteuk, Heechul, Shindong, Sungmin, and Eunhyuk.Lee Yong-sung "Young trot music stars bridge generation gap" Korea Herald.
In recent years, the use of RSVP in the English language has spread outside of the discourse of highly formal correspondence and commonly figures in group emails. In this context, the initialism seems to have loosened its tie to its original meaning and is often understood simply as an abbreviation for "reply". Some writers therefore routinely use the phrase "Please RSVP", which is a case of RAS syndrome or a pleonasm.
Opening the airway with a head tilt-chin lift maneuver Looking, listening and feeling for breathing Perform chest compressions to support circulation in those who are non-responsive without meaningful breaths ABC and its variations are initialism mnemonics for essential steps used by both medical professionals and lay persons (such as first aiders) when dealing with a patient. In its original form it stands for Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. The protocol was originally developed as a memory aid for rescuers performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the most widely known use of the initialism is in the care of the unconscious or unresponsive patient, although it is also used as a reminder of the priorities for assessment and treatment of patients in many acute medical and trauma situations, from first-aid to hospital medical treatment. Airway, breathing, and circulation are all vital for life, and each is required, in that order, for the next to be effective.
Kinman Guitar Electrix is a boutique Australian company that specializes in the design and manufacture of innovative Zero-Hum (hum-canceling) pickups for electric guitars that solve noise problems associated with single coil pickups One of its most popular products is the Kinman Hx (an initialism for Hum cancelling) pickup, a patented noiseless pickup design developed in 1996 by its founder, Chris Kinman, as a direct drop-in replacement for Fender Stratocaster style single coil pickups. Most of the models in the Kinman line carry the designation AVn, an initialism for Authentic Vintage noiseless (although Kinman himself prefers the term Zero-Hum since buzz from wiring is also noise and can only be prevented with shielding of wiring cavities in the guitar). In 1998 Kinman embarked on development of technology specifically for Telecaster guitars that was not introduced until circa 2001. The technology centers around a patented laminated steel H-core bobbin that functions as a noise sensing coil.
Uma Maheswara Ugra Roopasya () also known by the initialism UMUR, is a 2020 Indian Telugu-language comedy-drama film directed by Venkatesh Maha and starring Satyadev Kancharana, Naresh, Suhas, Raghavan, Hari Chandana and Roopa Koduvayur. The film is a remake of the Malayalam film Maheshinte Prathikaaram (2016). The film has music composed by Bijibal on his Telugu debut, who composed music for Malayalam version. The film premiered on Netflix on 30 July 2020.
Lonsdale Boys Club (often abbreviated to the initialism 'LBC') are a 3 piece rock band from London, England. Their sound has been described as a "fusion of disco funk, rock, soul and a little bit of 90’s Brit Pop". When playing live they are often accompanied by 2 or more session musicians. The band name is derived from the road in West London on which they built their own recording studio together.
A term that appeared on automotive bills of sale prior to the 1971. It appeared as the initialism E.O.H. and referred mostly to the excise tax on automobiles built for highway use and was used to pay for the expanding highway system. It also referred to operating overhead in selling the vehicle and handling charges. During the 50s the tax was 10% of the wholesale price of the vehicle and was used for highway construction.
Chardal Jews usually refers to the portion of the Religious Zionist Jewish community in Israel which inclines significantly toward Charedi ideology (whether in terms of outlook on the secular world, or is their stringent (machmir) approach to Halacha); however, it is sometimes used to refer to the portion of the Charedi Jewish community in Israel which inclines significantly toward Religious Zionist (Dati-Leumi) ideology. Chardal is an initialism of the words Charedi and Dati-Leumi.
The petition asserted that "by not distancing themselves from politicians who are actively dismantling our rights," the group was participating in "bad faith"; it also claimed that by using the T in the LGBT initialism to stand for "Tory", the group was erasing transgender identities and issues. The group was not banned from the parade, and marched without further incident."A Pride parade for all – including Tories". Ottawa Citizen, August 24, 2015.
The term "JPEG" is an initialism/acronym for the Joint Photographic Experts Group, which created the standard in 1992. The basis for JPEG is the discrete cosine transform (DCT), a lossy image compression technique that was first proposed by Nasir Ahmed in 1972. JPEG was largely responsible for the proliferation of digital images and digital photos across the Internet, and later social media. JPEG compression is used in a number of image file formats.
BEA began as a software company, founded in 1995 and headquartered in San Jose, California. It grew to have 78 offices worldwide at the time of its acquisition by Oracle. The company's name is an initialism of the first names of the company's three founders: Bill Coleman, Ed Scott and Alfred Chuang. All were former employees of Sun Microsystems, and launched the business in 1995 by acquiring Information Management and Independence Technologies.
IRS, an initialism for Instinctive Reaction to Struggle, was a Canadian hip hop band from Toronto, Ontario, active in the early 2000s."Can IRS save rap from bling bling?: T-dot trio struggling against the machine". Halifax Daily News, July 31, 2003. They are most noted for their 2003 album Welcome to Planet IRS, which received a Juno Award nomination for Rap Recording of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2004.
Aleksandër Moisiu, 1906 Aleksandër Moisiu University of Durrës (; initialism: UAMD), also Aleksandër Moisiu University or University of Durrës, is the newest public academic institution of the Republic of Albania. The University is located in the ancient city of Durrës. The university was founded on 20 December 2005 by the Albanian Government. It was inaugurated in 2006 and is using the American system of education, unlike the rest of the public universities in the country.
Starmont High School is a rural public high school , part of the Starmont Community School District, located 5 miles south of Arlington, Iowa, six miles north of Lamont, Iowa, and six miles west of Strawberry Point, Iowa on a very large tract of land in an area locally known as Maryville, at the intersection of Highway 187 and Highway 3. The name is a portmanteau initialism: Strawberry Point + Arlington + Lamont, thus Starmont.
Tcl (pronounced "tickle" or as an initialism) is a high-level, general- purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. It was designed with the goal of being very simple but powerful. Tcl casts everything into the mold of a command, even programming constructs like variable assignment and procedure definition.Tcl Fundamentals, Chapter 1 in Practical Programming in Tcl and Tk, Tcl supports multiple programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative and functional programming or procedural styles.
Retrieved 10 May 2007. Similarly, some recommend completely avoiding usage of homosexual as it has a negative, clinical history and because the word only refers to one's sexual behavior (as opposed to romantic feelings) and thus it has a negative connotation. Gay and lesbian are the most common alternatives. The first letters are frequently combined to create the initialism LGBT (sometimes written as GLBT), in which B and T refer to bisexual and transgender people.
The legislature is commonly known as Parliament and often referred to simply as the Sangsad or JS. The term "Member of Parliament" (; Sansad sadasya) refers to both the 300 elected members and the 50 nominated women members of the Sangsad. The title is almost always shortened to the initialism "MP" and often referred to simply as the Sānsad (; lit. the Parliamentarian) in Bengali. Members of Parliament are entitled to use the prefix "The Honourable".
TLC (originally an initialism for The Learning Channel) is an American pay television channel that is owned by Discovery, Inc. Initially focused on educational and learning content, by the late 1990s, the network began to primarily focus towards reality series involving lifestyles, family life, and personal stories. As of February 2015, TLC was available to watch in approximately 95 million American households (81.6% of households with cable television) in the United States.
Charles F. Goldfarb is known as the father of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) and grandfather of HTML and the World Wide Web. He co-invented the concept of markup languages. In 1969 Charles Goldfarb, leading a small team at IBM, developed the first markup language, called Generalized Markup Language, or GML. Goldfarb coined the term GML, an initialism for the three researchers, Charles Goldfarb, Ed Mosher and Ray Lorie who worked on the project.
Transmitter site of 1010 WINS in Lyndhurst, New Jersey The station began broadcasting in 1924 on 950 kHz as WGBS, with studios located in Gimbels Department Store near Herald Square; the call sign was an initialism for Gimbel Brothers Store.History Cards for WINS, fcc.gov. Retrieved August 27, 2018. WGBS moved to 860 kHz in 1927, to 1180 kHz in 1928, to 600 kHz in 1929, and back to 1180 kHz in 1931.
In describing such abbreviations, the term initialism is inapplicable. Many proper nouns become shorter and shorter over time. For example, the CCTV New Year's Gala, whose full name is literally read as "China Central Television Spring Festival Joint Celebration Evening Gala" () was first shortened to "Spring Festival Joint Celebration Evening Gala" (), but eventually referred to as simply Chunwan (). Along the same vein, Zhongguo Zhongyang Dianshi Tai () was reduced to Yangshi () in the mid-2000s.
Founded in 1937, The Neutral Thousands was a group primarily targeting toward anti-union women. The organization was described as a "voluntary association of housewives concerned with labor racketeering and its effects on consumer prices". The group was promoted as an association created by local housewives that sought to attract women toward their cause. The slogan Truth Not Terror became associated with the group, which along with the group's name, prompted its initialism of TNT.
KFC (the name was originally an initialism for Kentucky Fried Chicken) is a fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken and is headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, United States (US). It is the world's second largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with 18,875 outlets in 118 countries and territories . The company is a subsidiary of Yum! Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.
A numeronym is a number-based word. Most commonly, a numeronym is a word where a number is used to form an abbreviation (albeit not an acronym or an initialism). Pronouncing the letters and numbers may sound similar to the full word: "K9" for "canine" (phonetically: "kay" + "nine"). Alternatively, the letters between the first and last are replaced with a number representing the number of letters omitted, such as "i18n" for "internationalization".
VADS (formerly an initialism for Visual Arts Data Service) is a service of the Library at the University for the Creative Arts (UCA) in the UK that provides digital images and other visual arts resources free and copyright cleared for use in UK higher education and further education. It has provided services to the academic community since 3 March 1997, and has built up a portfolio of visual art collections comprising over 140,000 images.
LMFAO (an initialism for Laughing My Freaking Ass Off) is an American electronic dance music duo consisting of uncle Redfoo and nephew SkyBlu. They respectively are a son and grandson of Motown Records founder Berry Gordy. RedFoo and SkyBlu grew up in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles, where they formed the group LMFAO in 2006 and later became part of the electro house scene. LMFAO started building a local buzz through its shows and radio play.
Light waves can be used as radar frequencies, in which case the system is known as lidar. This is short for "LIght Detection And Ranging," similar to the original meaning of the initialism "RADAR," which was RAdio Detection And Ranging. Both have since become commonly-used english words, and are therefore acronyms rather than initialisms. Laser range or other light signal frequency range finders operate just like radar at much higher frequencies.
Endesa, S.A. (, originally an initialism for Empresa Nacional de Electricidad, S.A.) is the largest electric utility company in Spain. The firm, a majority- owned subsidiary of the Italian utility company Enel, has 10 million customers in Spain, with domestic annual generation of over 97,600 GWh from nuclear, fossil-fueled, hydroelectric, and renewable resource power plants. Internationally, it serves another 10 million customers and provides over 80,100 GWh annually. Total customers numbered 22.2 million as of December 31, 2004.
The Confederación Centroamericana y del Caribe de Fútbol (), also known by its initialism CCCF, was the governing body of association football in Central America and the Caribbean from 1938 to 1961. Héctor Beeche, the president of the Costa Rican Football Federation was the organization's first president. In 1961 it merged with the North American Football Confederation (NAFC) to form CONCACAF, the modern continental governing body for North America. It hosted the CCCF Championship from 1941 to 1961.
Each community has struggled to develop its own identity including whether, and how, to align with other gender and sexuality-based communities, at times excluding other subgroups; these conflicts continue to this day. LGBTQ activists and artists have created posters to raise consciousness about the issue since the movement began. From about 1988, activists began to use the initialism LGBT in the United States.Research, policy and practice: Annual meeting, American Educational Research Association Verlag AERA, 1988.
On May 26, 2006, WWE announced the relaunch of ECW as a third WWE brand. The new ECW program aired until February 16, 2010. All ECW wrestlers at that point became free agents that could sign either Raw or SmackDown. On April 7, 2011, WWE, via the WWE Corporate website, announced that the company was ceasing use of the full name World Wrestling Entertainment and would henceforth refer to itself solely as WWE, making the latter an orphan initialism.
While owned by three municipalities, the IATA and FAA city name associated with the airport is Saginaw, i.e. the control tower is known to pilots as "Saginaw Tower". The commercial airport is a special municipal body owned by Bay County and the cities of Midland and Saginaw. The airport's name is an initialism formed from the names of these three communities and it is governed by a nine-member commission made up of three members from each of them.
Out of Business is the sixth album from hip-hop duo EPMD, which changed its initialism for the release from Erick & Parrish Making Dollars to Erick & Parrish Millennium Ducats. A limited-edition version of the album was released with a bonus greatest hits disc that features tracks spanning from 1987 to 1997. The versions of the tracks from its two first albums are rerecorded versions because EMI would not license these tracks to Def Jam for inclusion.
Enagás, S.A. (, originally an initialism for Empresa Nacional del Gas) is a Spanish energy company and European TSO, which owns and operates the nation's gas grid. The firm also owns four liquefied natural gas regasification terminals in the country, at Huelva, Barcelona, Cartagena and Gijon. In addition, it owns 50% of the plant BBG (Bilbao) and 100% of Gascan. The chairman of Enagás is Antonio Llardén Carratalá and his Chief Executive Officer is Marcelino Oreja Arburúa.
MTV OMG (with its initialism alternatelty standing for "Obsessed with Music and Gossip") was a British pay television music channel operated by ViacomCBS Networks UK & Australia. It launched on 1 March 2018, replacing free-to-air sister music channel Viva. The audience profile on Sky Media showed that the channel had a 60/40 viewer bias in favor of women. The channel aired its own weekly OMG Top 20 charts, which were chosen by the channel.
I.D. was founded in 1954 as Industrial Design. The name was later abbreviated to an initialism; in the 1980s, the initials came to stand for International Design to reflect the magazine's broadened scope. Since 1954, the magazine published the Annual Design Review, a juried design competition curated by I.D. staff and industry practitioners. I.D. won five National Magazine Awards: three for General Excellence (1995, 1997, 1999), one for Design (1997), and one for Special Interests (2000).
Teletype Corporation, of Skokie, Illinois, made page printers for text, notably for news wire services and telegrams, but these used standards different from those for deaf communication, and although in quite widespread use, were technically incompatible. Furthermore, these were sometimes referred to by the "TTY" initialism, short for "Teletype". When computers had keyboard input mechanisms and page printer output, before CRT terminals came into use, Teletypes were the most widely used devices. They were called "console typewriters".
HSAB concept is an initialism for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases". Also known as the Pearson acid-base concept, HSAB is widely used in chemistry for explaining stability of compounds, reaction mechanisms and pathways. It assigns the terms 'hard' or 'soft', and 'acid' or 'base' to chemical species. 'Hard' applies to species which are small, have high charge states (the charge criterion applies mainly to acids, to a lesser extent to bases), and are weakly polarizable.
On May 5, 2002, the World Wrestling Federation announced it was changing both its company name and the name of its wrestling promotion to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) after the company lost a lawsuit initiated by the World Wildlife Fund over the WWF trademark. Although initially caused by an unfavorable ruling in its dispute with the World Wildlife Fund regarding the "WWF" initialism, the company noted it provided an opportunity to emphasize its focus on entertainment.
Album of the Year, popularly known by the initialism AOTY, is a website that aggregates reviews of music albums. For each LP, a numerical score from each review is obtained and the total is averaged. An excerpt of each review is provided along with a hyperlink to the source. Ratings are averaged and albums ranked in a chart intended to give an overall picture of critical appraisal of current releases, based on the averaged score out of 100.
Similarly, the initialism is sometimes expanded as "randomized clinical trial" or "randomized comparative trial", leading to ambiguity in the scientific literature. Not all randomized clinical trials are randomized controlled trials (and some of them could never be, as in cases where controls would be impractical or unethical to institute). The term randomized controlled clinical trial is an alternative term used in clinical research; however, RCTs are also employed in other research areas, including many of the social sciences.
Simple File Transfer Protocol (the first protocol abbreviated SFTP), as defined by , was proposed as an (unsecured) file transfer protocol with a level of complexity intermediate between TFTP and FTP. It was never widely accepted on the Internet, and is now assigned Historic status by the IETF. It runs through port 115, and often receives the initialism of SFTP. It has a command set of 11 commands and support three types of data transmission: ASCII, binary and continuous.
One of the ways in which the popularity of the initialism is easily noticed is that it was given many alternative expansions. Still, the basic meaning is generally known. Others are merely jokes that are sometimes used to avoid awkward situations and to relieve the tension, e.g. when people who propagate this abbreviation talk with the police or by the policemen who want to avoid embarrassment when they are asked to expand the abbreviation during interviews.
A newer schema language, described by the W3C as the successor of DTDs, is XML Schema, often referred to by the initialism for XML Schema instances, XSD (XML Schema Definition). XSDs are far more powerful than DTDs in describing XML languages. They use a rich datatyping system and allow for more detailed constraints on an XML document's logical structure. XSDs also use an XML-based format, which makes it possible to use ordinary XML tools to help process them.
While the term has expanded in use to cover a range of publications including homosexual publications, it remains primarily a heterosexual term, as terms indicating homosexuality entered Japan as foreign words. Japanese pornographic works are often simply tagged as , meaning "prohibited to those not yet 18 years old", and . Less official terms also in use include , , and the English initialism AV (for "adult video"). Usage of the term hentai does not define a genre in Japan.
The first letters of part of the clue are put together to give the answer. An example of an initialism: :Initially amiable person eats primate (3) The answer would be APE, which is a type of primate. "Initially" signals that you must take the first letters of "amiable person eats" – "ape". Another example would be: :At first, actor needing new identity emulates orphan in musical theatre (5) The answer would be ANNIE, the name of a famous orphan in musical theatre.
The VCS 3 (or VCS3; an initialism for Voltage Controlled Studio, version #3) is a portable analog synthesiser with a flexible semi-modular voice architecture, introduced by Electronic Music Studios (London) Limited (EMS) in 1969. EMS released the product under various names. Logos printed at the console's front left (see photos) say "V.C.S. 3" on the most widely sold version; "The Putney (VCS 3)" on the earlier version; and "The Synthi (VCS 3) II" on the later version (Synthi VCS 3 II).
The initialism LGBTQIA stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and asexual. This particular group of individuals has faced numerous obstacles and has historical events to highlight the inequalities they face, such as the Stonewall riots. The Stonewall riots became a symbol for the gay liberation movement when police attempted a raid at the Stonewall Inn to arrest the gay and lesbian patrons and the gay community fought back. Numerous systemic oppressions historically and currently target LGBTQIA individuals.
Suprême NTM (), or simply NTM, is a French hip hop band formed in 1989 in the Seine-Saint-Denis department. The band comprises rappers JoeyStarr and Kool Shen. Their 6 albums were released by Sony Music Entertainment. The group takes its name from the French slang "NTM", an initialism for "Nique Ta Mère" ("Fuck Your Mother"; the vulgar slang word "niquer" is derived from North African Sabir "i nik" ("he makes love"), which in turn comes from the Arabic "nak" (same meaning)).
Hot Slots, or , is a slot machine simulation video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System developed by Idea-Tek, and published by Hacker International/Panesian in 1991. AV Pachisuro is the title of the Japanese release for the Family Computer (or Famicom); Hot Slots (titled Hot Slot in- game) is the English-language version of the game published for the NES. The title AV Pachisuro combines the English initialism AV (audiovisual) with the Japanese contracted word pachisuro (a portmanteau of pachinko and slot).
Various game adaptations have been created. There is a Wheel of Time MUD, identified as such or by the initialism WoTMUD, which based on a world like that of the Wheel of Time but set in a time frame around 30 world years prior. It has been in operation almost continuously (there was a significant outage during 2013–14) since 1993. Notably, the WoTMUD had gained written permission from the author to use his creation including all but major characters.
MCA Inc. (originally an initialism for Music Corporation of America) was an American media conglomerate founded in 1924. Originally a talent agency with artists in the music business as clients, the company became a major force in the film industry, and later expanded into television production. MCA published music, booked acts, ran a record company, represented film, television, and radio stars, and eventually produced and sold television programs to the three major television networks, but had an especially good relationship with NBC.
The Central Savannah River Area (CSRA) is a trading and marketing region in the U.S. states of Georgia and South Carolina, spanning fourteen counties in Georgia and seven in South Carolina.What does CSRA mean? 072307 - The Augusta Chronicle The term was coined in 1950 by C.C. McCollum, the winner of a $250 contest held by The Augusta Chronicle to generate the best name for the area. Today the initialism is so commonly used that the full name is not known to all residents.
At this point of time "SOS" is an initialism of "Samhällets olycksfalls- och säkerhetstjänst" or "The community's accident and security service". Calling number 90 00 00 was chosen, which later was changed to 90 000. The number was chosen because it was easy to remember and unlikely to be dialed by mistake (as the numbers 0 and 9 were on opposite side of the rotary dial). Today the emergency number is 112. The first SOS central opened 1956 in Gothenburg.
Run the Jewels, also known by the initialism RTJ, is an American hip hop supergroup duo consisting of Brooklyn-based rapper-producer El-P and Atlanta- based rapper Killer Mike. In 2013, they released their self-titled debut studio album as a free download, to critical acclaim. They have since released the follow-up albums Run the Jewels 2 in 2014, Run the Jewels 3 in 2016, and RTJ4 in 2020, all of which have been released for free and received similar acclaim.
Mr. Mackey informs the students that it is Canada Appreciation Day and plays a video in which Stephen Abootman, President of the World Canadian Bureau (initialism: WGA), asks the students to remember all of Canada's contributions to the world. When he asks "When you think of Canada, what's the one thing that comes to mind?", Cartman responds "Gayness!" and when Abootman asks, "What is it that makes Canada so important?", Craig replies "Nothing!" before all the other students laugh and ridicule the Canadians.
WXEL's proposed transmitter in Melrose was never built, and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) revoked the construction permit and deleted the call letters in November 1960. The current station signed on the air on October 12, 1964. It was first licensed to the Boston Catholic Television Center under the call letters WIHS-TV, with the call letters standing for the "IHS" initialism for the Christogram. The station employed a general entertainment format, along with broadcasts of the daily and Sunday Mass.
K.O.D. (initialism for King of Darkness) is the ninth studio album by American rapper Tech N9ne; it was released on October 26, 2009, by Strange Music. The album features guest appearances from Three 6 Mafia, Brotha Lynch Hung, King Gordy, Kutt Calhoun, Krizz Kaliko and Big Scoob, among others. The album has been broken up into sections: "Anger", "Madness" and "The Hole" from several of his other albums. On October 22, 2009, the album appeared as a featured "Album Premiere" on Myspace.
The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) (, Sodruzhestvo Nezavisimykh Gosudarstv, initialism: СНГ, SNG) is a regional intergovernmental organisation of nine (originally ten) members, plus two founding non-member, post-Soviet republics in Eurasia. It was formed following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. It covers an area of and has an estimated population of 239,796,010. The CIS encourages cooperation in economic, political and military affairs and has certain powers relating to the coordination of trade, finance, lawmaking, and security.
In mathematical physics, the WKB approximation or WKB method is a method for finding approximate solutions to linear differential equations with spatially varying coefficients. It is typically used for a semiclassical calculation in quantum mechanics in which the wavefunction is recast as an exponential function, semiclassically expanded, and then either the amplitude or the phase is taken to be changing slowly. The name is an initialism for Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin. It is also known as the LG or Liouville–Green method.
Varley and Bell met while studying at Leeds and named their group after the initialism for the common synthesizer function low-frequency oscillation. They gave their first track, the eponymous "LFO", to Nightmares on Wax. The popularity of the demo in clubs led to the track being released by the Sheffield-based Warp label in 1990, and it was a Top 20 hit in the U.K., reaching number 12 in the singles charts in July. In 1991, LFO released the debut album, Frequencies.
Riot Games, which is wholly owned by Chinese company Tencent, had been accused of censoring the words "Hong Kong" in the team name "Hong Kong Attitude" as the initialism "HKA" during the League of Legends World Championship in the week following Blizzard's ban, but Riot identified instances where both names were used interchangeably and asserted that there were no restrictions on the phrase "Hong Kong". Riot asked casters and players to avoid discussing politics on streams in light of the situation.
TSNIITOCHMASH () is a Russian industrial design bureau. TSNIITOCHMASH is a major designer and producer of weapons for the Russian military and MVD Internal Troops. The name is an initialism for Central Scientific - Research Institute for Precision Machine Engineering (Центральный научно- исследовательский институт точного машиностроения). TSNIITOCHMASH determines the development of and develops small arms and simulators for them, individual field equipment, conducts R&D; on control systems for precision-guided munitions (as well as protection against them), field artillery systems and new materials.
Gale Research Co., 1985, . Factsheet five, Issues 32–36, Mike Gunderloy, 1989 The initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for sexuality and gender identity. It may refer to anyone who is non- heterosexual or non-cisgender, instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. To recognize this inclusion, a popular variant adds the letter Q for those who identify as queer or are questioning their sexual identity; LGBTQ has been recorded since 1996.
Mipmapping was invented by Lance Williams in 1983 and is described in his paper Pyramidal parametrics. From the abstract: "This paper advances a 'pyramidal parametric' prefiltering and sampling geometry which minimizes aliasing effects and assures continuity within and between target images." The referenced pyramid can be imagined as the set of mipmaps stacked in front of each other. The origin of the term mipmap is an initialism of the Latin phrase multum in parvo ("much in a small space"), and map, modeled on bitmap.
It is the fifth-oldest major broadcasting network in the world and the youngest of the American Big Three television networks. ABC is nicknamed "The Alphabet Network", as its initialism also represents the first three letters of the English alphabet, in order. ABC launched as a radio network in 1943, which served as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS and NBC.
Spirit If... was recorded with Ohad Benchetrit and Charles Spearin of Do Make Say Think and Broken Social Scene. The track listing, album cover, as well as an mp3 download for the song "Tbtf" (an initialism for "Too Beautiful to Fuck") were released on June 19, 2007. Spirit If... reached #113 on the Billboard 200 and #1 on the Top Heatseekers chart. "Backed Out on the..." was listed at #33 on Rolling Stones list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007No byline (December 11, 2007).
SK-1 space suit SK-1 is an initialism of "Skafandr Kosmicheskiy" # 1 (Скафандр Космический = "spacesuit" or "diving suit for space") is a spacesuit that was developed specially for Yuri Gagarin. As such, it is the first spacesuit ever used. After his successful flight on the Vostok 1 spacecraft, spacesuits of the SK series were used for space flights of other cosmonauts on Vostok spacecraft, in which the cosmonauts would eject and land separately from module. The SK-1 was used from 1961-1963.
EMI Group Limited (originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries, also referred to as EMI Records Ltd. or simply EMI) was a British transnational conglomerate founded in March 1931 in London. At the time of its break-up in 2012, it was the fourth largest business group and record label conglomerate in the music industry, and was one of the "Big Four" record companies (now the "Big Three"). Its labels included EMI Records, Parlophone, Virgin Records, and Capitol Records, which are now owned by other companies.
YTA TV (an initialism for its former full name, Youtoo America) is an American television network which originally launched in February 1985 as a cable channel. Unusual for a network of its type, it has had multiple identities, programming directions, and brandings, along with owners, and after merging with the minor broadcast network America One in 2014, also began to air on free over-the-air television. It is owned by Center Post Media, which also owns Biz Television. It is also on the streaming app Roku.
The conference did not play sports from the fall 1943 to the spring of 1945 due to World War II. Saint Mary's discontinued its football program in 1955. Macalester football left the conference in 2002, but still retains its MIAC membership in other sports. St. Catherine and St. Benedict, being both women's colleges, also do not sponsor football. Together with Saint John's, one of only a handful of men's colleges, St. Benedict forms a joint academic institution, known commonly by the initialism CSB/SJU.
San Bernardino International Airport (, initialism: SBIA) is a public airport two miles (3 km) southeast of San Bernardino, California, in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The airport covers and has one runway. The facility is a general aviation and cargo airport on the site of Norton Air Force Base, which was built as the San Bernardino Air Depot in 1942 and was decommissioned in March 1994. A non-federal control tower (NFCT) opened on November 9, 2008 and is operated under contract by SERCO company personnel.
When ICM was initially established, the initialism represented "Independent Communications and Marketing". However, the full name was never used in practice, with the company simply being known as "ICM". It was founded by three people: Nick Sparrow, who reinvented opinion polling after the 1992 polling miss to common acclaim, Steve Parker who focused on retail research, and Kate Turner who conducted IT and telecoms research. All founders joined from Marplan, a market research company that ceased to exist just prior to ICM being set up.
Repsol S.A."Repsol cambia el nombre tras expropiación en Argentina", El Nuevo Herald, 2012-05-31Originally an initialism for Refinería de Petróleos de Escombreras adding the word Sol (Sun) () is a fossil fuel company based in Madrid, Spain. It carries out upstream and downstream activities throughout the entire world. It has more than 24,000 employees worldwide. It is vertically integrated and operates in all areas of the oil and gas industry, including exploration and production, refining, distribution and marketing, petrochemicals, power generation and trading.
CNA (an initialism of its former name, Channel NewsAsia) is an English- language news channel based in Singapore. It broadcasts free-to-air domestically and as a subscription network to 29 territories across Asia and Australia. CNA has the sixth-widest reach among television news channels covering content indigenous to Asia, according to the most recent Ipsos Affluent Survey. The network has been positioned since its launch as an alternative to Western-based international media in its presentation of news from "an Asian perspective".
In Quebec, a bill to adopt the titular designation "Member of Provincial Parliament" (fr:membre du Parlement provincial) and the initialism "MPP" (fr:M.P.P.) was assented on December 15, 1955. Like in Ontario, members had no fixed designation prior to this bill's adoption, although they were usually referred to as "Members of the Legislative Assembly" (MLAs) (fr:membres de l'Assemblée législative (M.A.L.s)). The bill to change the titular designation was supported by Quebec premier Maurice Duplessis, who gave a speech in support of it in the legislative assembly.
CDIO is a trademarked initialism for Conceive Design Implement Operate. The CDIO Initiative is an educational framework that stresses engineering fundamentals set in the context of conceiving, designing, implementing and operating real-world systems and products. Throughout the world, CDIO Initiative collaborators have adopted CDIO as the framework of their curricular planning and outcome-based assessment. The CDIO approach uses active learning tools, such as group projects and problem-based learning, to better equip engineering students with technical knowledge as well as communication and professional skills.
Cover of magazine featuring Aurora safety car The Aurora was an American automobile manufactured by Father Alfred A. Juliano, a Catholic priest, from 1957 to 1958. The Aurora is arguably the first Experimental Safety Vehicle ever made, even before the coinage of the ESV initialism. This safety car was to be available with a Chrysler, Cadillac, or Lincoln engine, built on a Buick chassis. However, the Aurora Motor Company of Branford, Connecticut, partially funded by Juliano's congregation, went out of business after producing just one $30,000 prototype.
RAS syndrome refers to the redundant use of one or more of the words that make up an acronym or initialism with the abbreviation itself, thus in effect repeating one or more words. However, "RAS" stands for Redundant Acronym Syndrome; therefore, the full phrase yields "Redundant Acronym Syndrome syndrome" and is self-referencing in a comical manner. It also reflects an excessive use of TLAs (Three Letter Acronyms). Meta has come to be used, particularly in art, to refer to something that is self-referential.
A chart showing the number of pixels in different display resolutions The graphics display resolution is the width and height dimension of an electronic visual display device, such as a computer monitor, in pixels. Certain combinations of width and height are standardized (e.g. by VESA) and typically given a name and an initialism that is descriptive of its dimensions. A higher display resolution in a display of the same size means that displayed photo or video content appears sharper, and pixel art appears smaller.
The ISI mark is a standards-compliance mark for industrial products in India since 1955. The mark certifies that a product conforms to an Indian standard (IS) developed by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), the national standards body of India. The ISI mark is by far the most recognised certification mark in the Indian subcontinent. The ISI is an initialism of Indian Standards Institution, the name of the national standards body until 1 January 1987, when it was renamed to the Bureau of Indian Standards.
Other examples include the drifting of The Learning Channel, which has officially renamed itself under the three-letter orphan initialism "TLC" since its transition to primarily reality television series, and that of most of the MTV Networks. MTV Networks were a pioneer in channel drift. Music Television (as MTV was originally known) was originally a channel devoted to popular music videos upon its launch in August 1981, but began adding entertainment and reality programs geared toward a young adult audience in the 1990s, beginning a progression toward its current focus of reality and scripted programming.
Sadomasochism ( ) is the giving and receiving of pleasure from acts involving the receipt or infliction of pain or humiliation. Practitioners of sadomasochism may seek sexual gratification from their acts. While the terms sadist and masochist refer respectively to one who enjoys giving and receiving pain, practitioners of sadomasochism may switch between activity and passivity. The abbreviation S&M; is often used for Sadomasochism (or Sadism & Masochism), although practitioners themselves normally remove the ampersand and use the initialism S-M or SM or S/M when written throughout the literature.
Current WWE minority owners/front office executives/wrestlers Triple H and his wife Stephanie McMahon On May 5, 2002, the World Wrestling Federation announced it was changing both its company name and the name of its wrestling promotion to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) after the company lost a lawsuit initiated by the World Wildlife Fund over the WWF trademark. Although mainly caused by an unfavorable ruling in its dispute with the World Wildlife Fund regarding the "WWF" initialism, the company noted it provided an opportunity to emphasize its focus on entertainment.
The full stop' (Commonwealth English), period (North American English) or full point ' is a punctuation mark. It is used for several purposes, most often to mark the end of a declarative sentence (as opposed to a question or exclamation); this sentence-terminal use, alone, defines the strictest sense of full stop. The mark is also often used, singly, to indicate omitted characters, or in an ellipsis, , to indicate omitted words. It may be placed after an initial letter used to stand for a name, or after each individual letter in an initialism or acronym (e.g.
D12 (an initialism for the Dirty Dozen) was an American hip hop group from Detroit, Michigan. Formed in 1996, the group achieved mainstream success with its lineup of de facto leader Eminem, Proof, Bizarre, Mr. Porter, Kuniva and Swifty McVay. D12 had chart-topping albums in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia during the early 2000s. The group released the albums Devil's Night in 2001 and D12 World in 2004, spawning numerous hits such as "Fight Music", "Purple Pills", "My Band", "How Come" and "Shit on You" throughout that period.
The CIAU had competition in Canadian post-secondary varsity hockey at a national level, but rivalries only existed on an exhibition basis. The Canadian Colleges Athletic Association, now Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association, held national championships between 1975 and 2001. At one time, seven conferences in the CCAA sanctioned hockey, but only two do today — the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference and the Quebec Student Sport Federation (now known by its French initialism of RSEQ). In 1978, the governing body of the league changed its name to the Canadian Interuniversity Athletics Union.
Land Systems OMC is a South African company that produces a range of armoured vehicles which have been successfully exported and are in service with, amongst others, the U.S., Canadian and South African militaries. It is a division of Denel SOC LTD, located in Benoni, Gauteng. The OMC segment of the name is the initialism under which the Olifant Manufacturing Co. of South Africa was most commonly known during its existence. The original company was established specifically for the task of creating the Olifant tank for the South African Army.
Technodon is the eighth and final studio album to date by Yellow Magic Orchestra and released in 1993, a decade after the band's original breakup. Because the name Yellow Magic Orchestra was owned by former record label Alfa Records, the band were forced to release the album under the name ~~YMO~~ (typically stylized as the "YMO" initialism crossed out by a large "X"). For the tour that followed, they were billed as Not YMO. Future releases by the band would be made under the names Human Audio Sponge and HASYMO.
DFTBA Records (an initialism for "Don't Forget to Be Awesome") is an e-commerce merchandise company that was co-founded by Green and Alan Lastufka in 2008. Originally a record label, its main focus was music generated by prominent YouTube stars like Green himself, Dave Days, Charlie McDonnell, Molly Lewis, among others. The company now focuses on selling merchandise for prominent YouTube stars, such as Green and his brother John, Charlie McDonnell, Rhett and Link, CGP Grey, and Hannah Hart, among several others. DFTBA Records has a prominently independent distribution network.
Security information and event management (SIEM) is a subsection within the field of computer security, where software products and services combine security information management (SIM) and security event management (SEM). They provide real-time analysis of security alerts generated by applications and network hardware. Vendors sell SIEM as software, as appliances, or as managed services; these products are also used to log security data and generate reports for compliance purposes. The term and the initialism SIEM was coined by Mark Nicolett and Amrit Williams of Gartner in 2005.
A dilatant (, ) (also termed shear thickening) material is one in which viscosity increases with the rate of shear strain. Such a shear thickening fluid, also known by the initialism STF, is an example of a non-Newtonian fluid. This behaviour is usually not observed in pure materials, but can occur in suspensions. thumbnail A dilatant is a non-Newtonian fluid where the shear viscosity increases with applied shear stress. This behavior is only one type of deviation from Newton’s Law, and it is controlled by such factors as particle size, shape, and distribution.
ECEF coordinates in relation to latitude and longitude ECEF (acronym for earth-centered, earth-fixed), also known as ECR (initialism for earth-centered rotational), is a geographic and Cartesian coordinate system and is sometimes known as a "conventional terrestrial" system. It represents positions as X, Y, and Z coordinates. The point (0, 0, 0) is defined as the center of mass of Earth, hence the term geocentric coordinates. The distance from a given point of interest to the center of Earth is called the geocentric radius or geocentric distance.
WWW (or www) is an initialism for World Wide Web. In English, WWW is the longest possible three-letter abbreviation when spoken, requiring six to nine syllables, depending on how it is pronounced, whereas the twelve letters in "World Wide Web" are pronounced with three syllables. The English writer Douglas Adams once quipped: Tim Berners-Lee rejected suggestions to change the World Wide Web name over pronunciation issues, arguing that this peculiar feature of the name would make it memorable. As his invention gradually gained ubiquity, it came to be called simply the Web.
Steele is a modern western square dancer and caller from Mainstream up through C3A, a member of Tech Squares, and a member of Callerlab. Under the pseudonym Great Quux, which was an old student nickname at the Boston Latin School and MIT, he has published light verse and "Crunchly" cartoons; a few of the latter appeared in The New Hacker's Dictionary. He has also used the initialism GLS . In 1998, Steele solved the game Teeko via computer, showing what must occur if both players play wisely; he found that neither player can force a win.
In library automation the initialism JACKPHY refers to a group of language scripts not based on Roman characters, specifically: Japanese, Arabic, Chinese, Korean, Persian, Hebrew, and Yiddish. Focus on these seven writing systems by Library of Congress, based on sharing bibliographic records using MARC standards, included a partnership between 1979 and 1983 with the Research Libraries Group to develop cataloging capability for non-Roman scripts in the RLIN bibliographic utility.Finding JACKPHY: Online Cataloging to Include Arabic, Hebrew, Other Scripts by Susan Morris, Library of Congress Information Bulletin, vol. 66: no.
The DFT is also used to efficiently solve partial differential equations, and to perform other operations such as convolutions or multiplying large integers. Since it deals with a finite amount of data, it can be implemented in computers by numerical algorithms or even dedicated hardware. These implementations usually employ efficient fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms; so much so that the terms "FFT" and "DFT" are often used interchangeably. Prior to its current usage, the "FFT" initialism may have also been used for the ambiguous term "finite Fourier transform".
All indicated the double nature of the Republic, both republican and monarchical, and "Serenissima" was a purposeful comparison with the famous Italian maritime republic with the same title, Venice. The coat of arms was a red shield with the motto S.P.Q.N. (i.e., Senatus Populusque Neapolitanus), in imitation of the well-known S.P.Q.R., the initialism of the Latin phrase, Senatus Populusque Romanus ("The Senate and the People of Rome"), Thus, the Neapolitan phrase meant "The Senate and People of Naples." The coat of arms contained the crest of the duke of Guise.
On the Internet, "real life" refers to life offline. Online, the initialism "IRL" stands for "in real life", with the meaning "not on the Internet". For example, while Internet users may speak of having "met" someone that they have contacted via online chat or in an online gaming context, to say that they met someone "in real life" is to say that they literally encountered them at a physical location. Some, arguing that the Internet is part of real life, prefer to use "away from the keyboard" (AFK), e.g.
This perceived omniscience is captured in the initialism TDTTOE, "The DevTeam Thinks of Everything", in that many of the possible emergent gameplay elements that could occur due to the behavior of the complex game systems had already been programmed in by the DevTeam. Since version 3.0, the DevTeam has typically kept to minor bug fix updates, represented by a change in the third version number (e.g. v3.0.1 over v3.0.0), and only releases major updates (v3.1.0 over v3.0.0) when significant new features are added to the game, including support for new platforms.
Dave Matthews Band (also known by the initialism DMB) is an American rock band, formed in Charlottesville, Virginia in 1991. The band's founding members were singer-songwriter and guitarist Dave Matthews, bassist Stefan Lessard, drummer and backing vocalist Carter Beauford, violinist and backing vocalist Boyd Tinsley, and saxophonist LeRoi Moore. As of 2020, Matthews, Lessard and Beauford are the only remaining founding members still performing with the band. Dave Matthews Band's 1994 major label debut album, Under the Table and Dreaming, brought the band worldwide fame and was eventually certified six times platinum.
Scalable Link Interface (SLI) is a brand name for a multi-GPU technology developed by Nvidia for linking two or more video cards together to produce a single output. SLI is a parallel processing algorithm for computer graphics, meant to increase the available processing power. The initialism SLI was first used by 3dfx for Scan-Line Interleave, which was introduced to the consumer market in 1998 and used in the Voodoo2 line of video cards. After buying out 3dfx, Nvidia acquired the technology but did not use it.
While still in high school in Ukiah, California, Davey Havok (vocals), Mark Stopholese (guitar) and Vic Chalker (bass) formed a band called AFI in November 1991. While the meaning of the initialism "AFI" currently stems from the full title "A Fire Inside," band members have stated that the name formerly originated from the titles "Asking for It" and "Anthems for Insubordinates." At the time, the band did not know how to play any instruments. Stopholese suggested his friend, Adam Carson, who had a drum kit join the band.
"Sucks" is a KMFDM single released in anticipation of their 1993 album Angst. It contains four versions of the song "Sucks" as well as "More 'N' Faster", a reworked version of "More & Faster". The song includes the lyric "We don't like Michael Jackson, we hate Depeche Mode, we don't care for Madonna or Kylie Minogue", a tongue-in-cheek reference to the various (false) interpretations of the initialism "KMFDM" at the time, including "Kill Mother-Fucking Depeche Mode", "Kidnap Madonna For Drug Money" and "Kylie Minogue Fans Don't Masturbate".
Previously, the guidelines indicated that a pulse check should be performed after the breathing was assessed, and this made up the 'circulation' part of the initialism, but this pulse check is no longer recommended for lay rescuers. Some trainers continue to use circulation as the label for the third step in the process, since performing chest compressions is effectively artificial circulation, and when assessing patients who are breathing, assessing 'circulation' is still important. However, some trainers now use the C to mean Compressions in their basic first aid training.
Shakib Khan is widely regarded as one of the most popular and influential actors in Bengali cinema. He is often referred to as "King Khan", "King of Dhallywood" and "Number One Shakib Khan" (initialism as No1SK), also referred as "Bhaijaan of Dhallywood" (in reference to his 2018 film Bhaijaan Elo Re). , Khan has appeared in more than 239 Bangladeshi and West Bengal films and described as one of most successful actor in Bangladesh. In 2013, Khan became the brand ambassador of Bangladesh's energy drink Pran Power Energy Drink.
RTFM is an initialism for the expression "read the fucking manual" – typically used to reply to a question that could have been easily answered from the product manual or documentation. In expurgated texts, substitutions such as "read the frickn' manual", "read the factory manual", "read the field manual", "read the flaming manual", "read the fine manual", "read the friendly manual", "read the [pause] manual" or similar variants are used.Howard, Michael, David LeBlanc, and John Viega. 19 Deadly Sins of Software Security: Programming Flaws and How to Fix Them.
Soon after the tour Kingsmill, Masuak and Robertson all joined the Screaming Tribesmen and the Hitmen disbanded. Kannis and Masuak re-formed the group as the Hitmen DTK in April 1989 with a new line-up: Gye Bennetts on drums (ex-Terminal Twist, Johnny Kannis Explosion), Brad Ferguson on bass guitar (ex-Voodoo Lust) and Matt Le Noury (a.k.a. Matt Nasty) on guitar (ex-Vampire Lovers, Flying Tigers). They issued a four-track extended play, U.E.L.A (initialism for Utopian Emotional Love Aura) via Survival Records in November 1989, which was produced by Masuak.
HGTV (an initialism for Home & Garden Television) is an interior home and garden-orientated lifestyle television channel broadcasting in the United Kingdom and Ireland, currently owned by Discovery, Inc. The channel originally launched on 1 November 1997 as UK Style and then was rebranded to Home on 30 April 2009 and was rebranded to its current form on 21 January 2020. HGTV is broadcast 24 hours a day on Sky and TVPlayer. UK Style was transmitted by terrestrial provider ITV Digital 24 hours a day until the company's collapse in 2002.
The Supreme Court (initialism: UKSC or the acronym: SCOTUK) is the final court of appeal in the United Kingdom for civil cases, and for criminal cases from England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It hears cases of the greatest public or constitutional importance affecting the whole population, including disputes relating to devolution. The United Kingdom has a doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty, so the Supreme Court is much more limited in its powers of judicial review than the constitutional or supreme courts of some other countries. It cannot overturn any primary legislation made by Parliament.
Rechts um--zum Abitur: der geistige Wandel an deutschen Oberschulen, Michael Preute Ch. Links Verlag, 1995, page 122 Similarly, a decree by the educational authorities in the state of Schleswig-Holstein of 4 October 1976 declared the term to be nicht wünschenswert or "undesirable". The conference of all the states ministers for school education decided on 12 February 1981 to not print the initialism in books, maps, and atlases for schools. with pupils being required to write Bundesrepublik Deutschland in full and use of the term being deemed an error.
YTMND, an initialism for "You're the Man Now, Dog", is an online community centered on the creation of hosted memetic (or memes) web pages (known within the community as fads, YTMNDs or sites) featuring a juxtaposition of an image (still or short animation) centered or tiled along with optional large zooming text and a looping sound file. Images and sound files used in YTMNDs are usually either created or edited by users. YTMND is generally considered to be a humor website, owing its tone and culture to the original YTMND and its early imitators.
The official name of West Germany, adopted in 1949 and unchanged since, is (Federal Republic of Germany). In East Germany, the terms (West Germany) or (West German Federal Republic) were preferred during the 1950s and 1960s. This changed under its 1968 constitution, when the idea of a single German nation was abandoned by East Germany. As a result, it officially considered West Germans and West Berliners as foreigners. The initialism BRD (FRG in English) began to prevail in East German usage in the early 1970s, beginning in the newspaper .
Eastern Orthodox crucifix, displays the lettering in Greek: ΙΝΒΙ (Trapeza of Holy Trinity Monastery, Meteora, Greece). The initialism INRI represents the Latin inscription IESVS NAZARENVS REX IVDÆORVM (Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudaeorum), which in English translates to "Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews" (John 19:19).Arthur de Bles, 2004 How to Distinguish the Saints in Art by Their Costumes, Symbols and Attributes p. 32 John 19:20 states that this was written in three languages–Hebrew, Latin and Greek–and was put on the cross of Jesus.
Suica stands for "Super Urban Intelligent CArd", and the pronunciation is also a pun on the Japanese word for watermelon, . In the logo, the "ic" is highlighted, standing for the initialism of integrated circuit in "IC card", which in turn is common Japanese vernacular for smart card. An additional meaning comes from the ideophone "sui sui" which means "to move smoothly", intended to highlight the smooth simplicity of using the card compared with traditional train tickets. Since penguins can also swim smoothly through water, a penguin is used as a motif.
TVXQ (stylized as TVXQ!), an initialism for Tong Vfang Xien Qi (), is a South Korean pop duo consisting of U-Know Yunho and Max Changmin. They are known as in Japanese releases, and are sometimes referred to as DBSK, an abbreviation of their Korean name Dong Bang Shin Ki (). Their name roughly translates to "Rising Gods of the East". Formed by S.M. Entertainment in 2003, TVXQ began as a five-member boy band composed of members U-Know Yunho, Max Changmin, Hero Jaejoong, Micky Yoochun, and Xiah Junsu.
ARCH Air Medical Service (ARCH was an initialism for Area Rescue Consortium of Hospitals) is an emergency medical service (EMS) that provides critical care air ambulance service in Missouri, Illinois, and the surrounding regions. Air ambulance programs (also known as Medevac) offer transport by helicopter (rotor-wing) or fixed-wing aircraft. ARCH Air was the twelfth program in the U.S. to offer such services when it began operating in March 1979. Transporting approximately 4,200 patients per year by helicopter, ARCH aircraft are staffed by a pilot, nurse and paramedic.
The chain had to contend with the rise of grilled chicken as Americans became increasingly health-conscious. KFC found itself competing against the growing El Pollo Loco restaurant chain, as well as with Burger King, which had just introduced the BK Broiler, a grilled chicken burger. Delays in product development, cramped kitchens, and the ongoing franchisee contract dispute prevented the chain from rolling out a grilled product of its own. In March 1991 the KFC name was officially adopted, although the chain was already widely known by that initialism.
Demons adopted the stage name YNW Melly in 2016. YNW (an initialism of "Young Nigga World" or "Young New Wave") is a hip-hop collective that included Demons, Anthony "YNW Sakchaser" Williams, Christopher "YNW Juvy" Thomas Jr., and Cortlen "YNW Bortlen" Henry. In late 2017, while still incarcerated, Demons released his first project, an EP called Collect Call, which contained features from numerous well-known artists, including Lil B and John Wicks. In 2018, he released the singles "Virtual (Blue Balenciagas)", "Melly the Menace", and "Slang That Iron".
"IBM" spelled out using 35 xenon atoms IBM in atoms was a demonstration by IBM scientists in 1989 of a technology capable of manipulating individual atoms. A scanning tunneling microscope was used to arrange 35 individual xenon atoms on a substrate of chilled crystal of nickel to spell out the three letter company initialism. It was the first time atoms had been precisely positioned on a flat surface. On April 30, 2013 IBM published an article on its website and a video on YouTube called "A Boy and His Atom: The World's Smallest Movie".
In August 1959, Ben Gurley started design of the company's first computer, the PDP-1. In keeping with Doriot's instructions, the name was an initialism for "Programmable Data Processor", leaving off the term "computer". As Gurley put it, "We aren't building computers, we're building 'Programmable Data Processors'." The prototype was first shown publicly at the Joint Computer Conference in Boston in December 1959.Eastern Joint Computer Conference and Exhibition, official program of 1959 meeting in Boston The first PDP-1 was delivered to Bolt, Beranek and Newman in November 1960,"DIGITAL Computing Timeline, 1960" and formally accepted the next April.
"Spiritual but not religious" (SBNR), also known as "Spiritual but not affiliated" (SBNA), is a popular phrase and initialism used to self-identify a life stance of spirituality that takes issue with organized religion as the sole or most valuable means of furthering spiritual growth. Historically, the words religious and spiritual have been used synonymously to describe all the various aspects of the concept of religion, but in contemporary usage spirituality has often become associated with the interior life of the individual, placing an emphasis upon the well-being of the "mind-body-spirit", while religion refers to organizational or communal dimensions.
Overall, the use of the term LGBT has, over time, largely aided in bringing otherwise marginalized individuals into the general community. Transgender actress Candis Cayne in 2009 described the LGBT community "the last great minority", noting that "We can still be harassed openly" and be "called out on television". In 2016, GLAAD's Media Reference Guide states that LGBTQ is the preferred initialism, being more inclusive of younger members of the communities who embrace queer as a self-descriptor. However, some people consider queer to be a derogatory term originating in hate speech and reject it, especially among older members of the community.
U.S. military operators refer to the M270 as "the commander's personal shotgun" or as "battlefield buckshot". It is also commonly referred to as the "Gypsy Wagon", because crews store additional equipment, such as camouflage netting, cots, coolers, and personal items, on top of the vehicle as the launcher itself lacks adequate storage space for the crew. Within the British military, a common nickname is "Grid Square Removal System", a play on the initialism GSRS (from the older General Support Rocket System). With the adoption of the new M30 GPS guided rocket, it is now being referred to as the "70 kilometer sniper rifle".
It became MTV's official logo on February 8, 2010 and officially debuted on its website. The channel's full name "Music Television" was officially dropped, with the revised logo largely the same as the original logo, but without the initialism, the bottom of the "M" being cropped and the "V" in "TV" being branched off. This change was most likely made to reflect MTV's more prominent focus on reality and comedy programming and less on music-related programming. However, much like the original logo, the new logo was designed to be filled in with a seemingly unlimited variety of images.
2012 MV-1 yellow cab The MV-1 was a purpose-built taxicab designed by Vehicle Production Group and built in Mishawaka, Indiana at an AM General plant The name is an initialism for "Mobility Vehicle 1". It was intended to replace the planned Standard Taxi, and like that car it was developed in collaboration with AM General. The first MV-1 rolled off the line in October 2011 and was delivered to disabled former American football player Marc Buoniconti, who was a company spokesperson. Developed from the Standard Taxi, it was a more advanced and user-friendly vehicle than its predecessor.
It has been suggested that Dave Cutler intended the initialism "WNT" as a play on VMS, incrementing each letter by one. However, the project was originally intended as a follow-on to OS/2 and was referred to as "NT OS/2" before receiving the Windows brand. One of the original NT developers, Mark Lucovsky, states that the name was taken from the original target processor—the Intel i860, code-named N10 ("N-Ten"). A 1998 question-and-answer session with Bill Gates revealed that the letters were previously expanded to "New Technology" but no longer carry any specific meaning.
At the time, most Muskovites had to make do with communal apartments. The building also featured a sports hall, tennis court, kindergarten, library, laundrette and a kitchen from which meals could be ordered for collection. Many residents and their families were detained during the Great Purge in the late 1930s, such that the building was dryly referred to as "The House of Preliminary Detention." (That is play on the Russian initialism Допр, from the building's original name: Дом прави́тельства.) During Stalin's purges in the 1930s, it was known as having the highest per-capita arrests and executions of any residential building in Moscow.
Tipper's art reproduced on the cover of Angry Penguins, 1944 Alfred Henry Tipper (12 July 18672 April 1944), also known by the pseudonyms Professor Tipper and H.D. (reported to be an initialism for Henry Dearing or Harold Deering), was an Australian showman, competitive and endurance cyclist, and outsider artist. His combined interests in mechanics, fitness and entertainment led to a long career as a trick cyclist and builder of miniature bicycles. Following his death, Tipper's artistic abilities were recognised by the Australian painter Albert Tucker, who promoted Tipper's paintings in the modernist art and literary magazine Angry Penguins.
As the new service was not ready to launch, an unbranded emergency service was provided by former TWW staff until Harlech's launch on Monday 20 May 1968. The opening night was marked by a networked variety special. Initially, the station used the name Harlech Television (after the head of the company, Lord Harlech), but from the introduction of colour on 6 April 1970, this was dropped in favour of the initialism HTV. Other than being simpler, this also largely ended concerns from the West of England that the 'Harlech' branding was only associated with the Welsh part of the dual region.
'Six-fingered dwarfism' ('digital integer deficiency') was an alternative designation used for this condition when it was being studied in the Amish and may have served a useful function in defining this then little known condition for the medical profession, as well as the lay public. The term, however, has been found offensive by some because of the reference to the polydactyly, which is seen as a 'freakish' label. For this reason, six-fingered dwarfism has been removed as an alternative name for this entry. This leaves Ellis–van Creveld syndrome with its initialism, EVC, as the only satisfactory designation.
PDZ domains also play a highly significant role in the anchoring of cell surface receptors (such as Cftr and FZD7) to the actin cytoskeleton via mediators like NHERF and ezrin. PDZ is an initialism combining the first letters of the first three proteins discovered to share the domain — post synaptic density protein (PSD95), Drosophila disc large tumor suppressor (Dlg1), and zonula occludens-1 protein (zo-1). PDZ domains have previously been referred to as DHR (Dlg homologous region) or GLGF (glycine-leucine- glycine-phenylalanine) domains. In general PDZ domains bind to a short region of the C-terminus of other specific proteins.
HRHD (high-resolution high-definition) (also HR, HRHDTV, or HR.HDTV) is an initialism referring to an image resolution derived from high-definition video, often seen as part of the filename of TV shows shared on the Internet. HRHD is an unofficial standard of encoding video, meaning that the video signal was ripped directly from a HDTV broadcast, then downsampled to approximately 960 × 540, and usually encoded with Xvid. While the horizontal resolution of 960 remains constant the vertical resolution can fluctuate up to 5% to provide clean cropping. It is sometimes erroneously referred to as Half- Resolution High-Definition.
This work was also the basis of KARL's interactive graphic sister language ABL, whose name was an initialism for "A Block diagram Language". ABL was implemented in the early 1980s by the Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni (CSELT) in Torino, Italy, producing the ABLED graphic VLSI design editor. In the mid-1980s, a VLSI design framework was implemented around KARL and ABL by an international consortium funded by the Commission of the European Union. By the late 1970s, design using programmable logic devices (PLDs) became popular, although these designs were primarily limited to designing finite state machines.
Different dialects use "bathroom" and "restroom" (American English), "bathroom" and "washroom" (Canadian English), and "WC" (an initialism for "water closet"), "lavatory" and its abbreviation "lav" (British English). Euphemisms for the toilet that bear no direct reference to the activities of urination and defecation are ubiquitous in modern Western languages, reflecting a general attitude of unspeakability about such bodily function. These euphemistic practices appear to have become pronounced following the emergence of European colonial practices, which frequently denigrated colonial subjects in Africa, Asia and South America as 'unclean'.Alison Moore, Colonial Visions of ‘Third World’ Toilets: A Nineteenth-Century Discourse That Haunts Contemporary Tourism.
The use of "GSA" as an initialism has also been criticized, since it gives the notion that the phenomenon is an actual diagnosable "condition". Eric Anderson, sociologist and sexologist, states that the one single academic research paper on the subject uses "Freudian psycho-babble". Catherine MacAskill, an adoption and child sexual abuse expert, stated that "although [...] concerns are understandable [for adoptees and biological parents]" before attempting a reunion, one who researches the subject will realize that so called "genetic sexual attraction" cases seem to be associated with sudden unplanned meetings which lack the proper safeguards of a thoroughly prepared reunion.
UACES, or the academic association for Contemporary European Studies, is a membership organisation for academics, students and practitioners in all fields of contemporary European studies and the study of the European Union. Its initialism derives from its previous name, "the University Association for Contemporary European Studies", which was amended when it registered as a Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO) on 1 December 2015. It is widely known as the editor and disseminator of the Journal on Common Market Studies, a leading peer-reviewed academic journal in the field of European integration studies. Founded in 1967, UACES celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2017.
Ada Lovelace spent the better part of a year doing this, assisted with input from Babbage. These notes, which are more extensive than Menabrea's paper, were then published in the September 1843 edition of Taylor's Scientific Memoirs under the initialism AAL. Ada Lovelace's notes were labelled alphabetically from A to G. In note G, she describes an algorithm for the Analytical Engine to compute Bernoulli numbers. It is considered to be the first published algorithm ever specifically tailored for implementation on a computer, and Ada Lovelace has often been cited as the first computer programmer for this reason.
An ARCO filling station off Slauson Avenue in Los Angeles, California Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO ) is an American oil company with operations in the United States, Indonesia, the North Sea, the South China Sea, and Mexico. It has more than 1,300 gas stations in the western part of the United States, and recently () five gas stations in northwestern Mexico. ARCO was formed by the merger of East Coast–based Atlantic Refining and California-based Richfield Oil Corporation in 1966; the company's name is an initialism of the two companies. A merger in 1969 brought in Sinclair Oil Corporation.
WCW signed Warrior "at great expense" in May 1998. He formed a stable opposing Hollywood Hulk Hogan's New World Order (nWo): the "One Warrior Nation" using the initialism oWn as a play on the name nWo. Highlights of the storyline included Warrior kidnapping and "converting" The Disciple and frequent instances of "magic smoke" knocking out all of the nWo members except for Hollywood Hogan and covering Warrior's movement through a trapdoor in the ring. The trapdoor was responsible for nearly paralyzing Davey Boy Smith, when he awkwardly fell on it during a match at Fall Brawl 98.
The Compagnie générale française des transports et entreprises (English approximation: General Company of French Transport and Businesses), commonly known by the initialism CGFTE, was a company which managed public transportation networks in several French cities, including Bordeaux (TBC), Nancy (Stan ), Rouen (TCAR) and Chambéry (Stac). It was formed in 1953 from Compagnie Générale Française de Tramways (CGFT), which was created in 1875. It was acquired by Compagnie Générale des Eaux (CGE) in 1980, and later absorbed into CGE subsidiary CGEA Transport. CGEA Transport later became Connex in 1999, then Veolia Transport in 2005, and is now part of the Transdev group.
When the new local governance took effect in 2001, OC Transpo became a department of the new city. Following amalgamation, a bilingual replacement backronym for "OC" was sought, but no suitable candidates have been found. The anachronistic acronym has been kept, instead of the costly task of replacing the decals on all buses, bus stops, bus stations, and promotional material. Thus, "OC" is an orphan initialism. A new section of the southwest Transitway opened on December 12, 2005, between the Nepean Sportsplex and Fallowfield Station. The new section runs parallel to Woodroffe Avenue and was built at a cost of $10 million.
Thus if there are no object leaks, there are no resource leaks. RAII is associated most prominently with C++ where it originated, but also D, Ada, Vala, and Rust. The technique was developed for exception-safe resource management in C++ during 1984–89, primarily by Bjarne Stroustrup and Andrew Koenig, and the term itself was coined by Stroustrup. RAII is generally pronounced as an initialism, sometimes pronounced as "R, A, double I". Other names for this idiom include Constructor Acquires, Destructor Releases (CADRe) and one particular style of use is called Scope-based Resource Management (SBRM).
In appearance, the NPC character is gray in color and simple in its design, with an expressionless face with a triangular nose and a blank stare. The shape of the NPC face resembles that of Wojak, and is drawn crudely. The initialism NPC refers to non-player character, a term used in video-games for characters the player cannot control. As such, a non-player character in a game is controlled by the computer, and typically interacts with the player through simple and repetitive actions, such as communicating the same sentence each time the player approaches the NPC.
This includes belief in resurrection or an afterlife (associated with Abrahamic religions), reincarnation or rebirth (associated with Dharmic religions), or that consciousness permanently ceases to exist, known as eternal oblivion (associated with Secular humanism). Commemoration ceremonies after death may include various mourning, funeral practices and ceremonies of honouring the deceased. The physical remains of a person, commonly known as a corpse or body, are usually interred whole or cremated, though among the world's cultures there are a variety of other methods of mortuary disposal. In the English language, blessings directed towards a dead person include rest in peace, or its initialism RIP.
In 1900, the University of London was reconstituted as a federal university with new statutes drawn up under the University of London Act 1898. UCL, along with a number of other colleges in London, became a school of the University of London. While most of the constituent institutions retained their autonomy, UCL was merged into the University in 1907 under the University College London (Transfer) Act 1905 and lost its legal independence. Its formal name became University of London, University College, although for most informal and external purposes the name "University College, London" (or the initialism UCL) was still used.
Later, folklorist Archie Green called this perhaps the earliest printed use of A&R; man. Actually, it says neither "A&R; man" nor even "A&R;," an initialism perhaps coined by Billboard magazine in 1946, and entering wide use in the late 1940s. In the 1920s and 1930s, A&R; executives, like Ben Selvin at Columbia Records, Nathaniel Shilkret at Victor Records, and Bob Haring at Brunswick Records, supervising recording and often leading session orchestras, became the precursors of record producers.Brian Ward & Patrick Huber, A&R; Pioneers: Architects of American Roots Music on Record (Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 2018), pp 278–281.
The SKS is a Soviet semi-automatic carbine chambered for the 7.62×39mm round, designed in 1943 by Sergei Gavrilovich Simonov. Its complete designation, SKS-45, is an initialism for Samozaryadny Karabin sistemy Simonova, 1945 (, 1945; Self-loading Carbine of (the) Simonov system, 1945). The SKS was an extremely reliable, simply constructed weapon with two unique distinguishing characteristics: a permanently attached folding bayonet, and a hinged non- detachable magazine. However, it was incapable of fully automatic fire and limited by its ten round magazine capacity, and was rendered obsolete by the introduction of the AK-47 in the 1950s.
The sport's governing body is formally known as the "Fédération Internationale des Sociétés d'Aviron" (English translation: International Federation of Rowing Associations), though, the majority of the time, either the initialism "FISA" or the English co-name, World Rowing, which the organization "uses for 'commercial purposes,'" is used to refer to it. Founded by representatives from France, Switzerland, Belgium, Adriatica (now a part of Italy), and Italy in Turin on 25 June 1892, FISA is the oldest international sports federation in the Olympic movement. FISA first organized a European Rowing Championships in 1893. An annual World Rowing Championships was introduced in 1962.
In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters – although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role – and with a space after full stops (e.g. "A. D."). In the case of most acronyms, each letter is an abbreviation of a separate word and, in theory, should get its own termination mark. Such punctuation is diminishing with the belief that the presence of all-capital letters is sufficient to indicate that the word is an abbreviation.Oxford English Dictionary: initialism.
Super Junior-M (stylized as SJ-M), an initialism for Super Junior-Mandarin, is a Chinese sub-unit of the South Korean boy band Super Junior. The sub-unit is the first international music group in the Chinese music industry to have members of both Chinese and Korean descent. Formed in 2008 by South Korea's S.M. Entertainment, Super Junior-M became the third and most successful subgroup branched off from the Korean band Super Junior. The sub-unit originally consisted of leader Han Geng, Donghae, Siwon, Ryeowook, Kyuhyun and two additional members appearing exclusively to the subgroup, Zhou Mi and Henry.
The Hungarian Royal Gendarme Veterans' Association (), commonly known by its initialism of MKCsBK, is an international veterans' organization founded in its initial form in 1947 with the goal of maintaining an association of veterans of the Hungarian Royal Gendarmerie following its dissolution in 1944 during the Soviet occupation of Hungary. It continues today as an association of the few remaining living veterans, with an additional goal of making original information and records about the Hungarian Royal Gendarmes available to the public in order to correct misinformation disseminated by the government during the years of communist rule.
The label's name is an initialism of "Analogue Enhanced Digital" and the album was referred to as a "lovely thing". (The label name "AED" is a personal joke of Collins's.) Frame explained prior to the release of his AED album that he was "spurred" on to record another full-length solo release by a series of live performances with Collins that was followed by a tour with a couple of members of Collins's band. Frame thought the touring band sounded so good that he decided to create a "band record again" and proceeded to write songs specifically with the touring band in mind.
The Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians (ACS) was founded in England in 1973 for the purpose of researching and collating information about the history and statistics of cricket. Originally called the Association of Cricket Statisticians, the words "and Historians" were added in 1992 but it has continued to use the initialism ACS. The ACS headquarters were formerly in Nottingham, opposite Trent Bridge Cricket Ground, but relocated to Cardiff in 2006.Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians website Although constituted in England, the ACS has a worldwide membership and is open to anyone with a relevant interest.
The ECA stack is a drug combination used in weight loss and as a stimulant. ECA is an initialism for ephedrine, caffeine, and aspirin, with variants of it including the EC stack, which removes the aspirin for those who can not tolerate it. Dietary supplements based on or including elements of ECA were popular through the 1990s and early 2000s, but the marketing of ephedra- or ephedrine-containing stimulant combinations for weight loss and bodybuilding is now restricted or illegal in the United States, Canada and Netherlands due to reports of heart attack, stroke, and death associated with these supplements.
LKG (an initialism for Lalgudi Karuppiah Gandhi) is a 2019 Indian Tamil- language political satire film produced by Ishari K. Ganesh under the banner Vels Film International, directed by K. R. Prabhu on his directorial debut. The film stars RJ Balaji and Priya Anand in the main lead roles while Nanjil Sampath, J. K. Rithesh, Ramkumar Ganesan, and Mayilsamy play supporting roles. Leon James has been roped into score music for the film, while Vidhu Ayyanna and Anthony were handled for the cinematography and editing respectively. The film released on 22 February 2019 to positive reviews and became a super hit.
The initialism "ROI", for "Republic of Ireland", is also often used outside official circles. Shorter colloquial names include "the Republic" or "the South". Irish republicans, and other opponents of Partition, often refer to the state as the "Twenty-Six Counties" or "26 Counties" (with Northern Ireland as the "Six Counties" or "6 Counties") and sometimes as the "Free State" (a reference to the pre-1937 state). Speaking in the Dáil on 13 April 2000, Sinn Féin's Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin explained it as follows: "Southern Irish Commonwealth" and "Southern Irish Republic" were names suggested by the British publication, The Spectator, in 1921.
ZTT is an initialism of Filippo Tommaso Marinetti's sound poem Zang Tumb Tumb, which described 'zang tumb tumb' as the sound of a machine gun. The majority of the creative team at ZTT had first assembled when Horn produced the album The Lexicon of Love for the British pop band ABC. A precursor to ZTT was the short-lived Perfect Recordings label, spun off from the newly founded Perfect Songs publishing subsidiary of Trevor Horn and Jill Sinclair's company. Perfect Recordings only released The Buggles' Adventures in Modern Recording, along with the singles derived from it. In 1983, Horn, Sinclair and Morley founded ZTT Records, which soon boomed.
50 la Royer, Montréal (Canada), home to the ico-D Secretariat The International Council of Design (ICoD; formerly known as ico-D, International Council of Communication Design or Icograda, which was formerly an initialism for International Council of Graphic Design Associations) is an international organisation representing the professions of design. The Council was founded in London in 1963 and celebrated its 50th anniversary on 27 April 2013. It is a non-profit, non-partisan, "member-based network of independent organisations and stakeholders working within the multidisciplinary scope of design." The membership of the Council is composed of national entities including professional design associations, design promotion bodies and design education institutions.
One of the most memorable, however, was technical writer and covertape editor Richard Fairhurst, a.k.a. CRTC. The latter name matched the initialism of the CPC's Cathode Ray Tube Controller and was sometimes expanded to ChaRleyTroniC. He ran a public domain library called Robot PD and was also an accomplished computer programmer, producing the fully-fledged utilities PowerPage and RoutePlanner for the CPC as well as contributing to various demos. In the CPC fan community, he wrote articles about demos for CPC Attack, was editor of the Amstrad-centred disczine Better Than Life, and was the final editor of the more professional-centric fanzine WACCI.
Not until the 1990s within the movement did gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people gain equal respect. This spurred some organizations to adopt new names, as the GLBT Historical Society did in 1999. Although the LGBT community has seen much controversy regarding universal acceptance of different member groups (bisexual and transgender individuals, in particular, have sometimes been marginalized by the larger LGBT community), the term LGBT has been a positive symbol of inclusion. Despite the fact that LGBT does not nominally encompass all individuals in smaller communities (see Variants below), the term is generally accepted to include those not specifically identified in the four-letter initialism.
The , or simply DS, is a line of handheld game console produced by Nintendo. The device released globally across 2004 and 2005. The DS, an initialism for "Developers' System" or "Dual Screen", introduced distinctive new features to handheld gaming: two LCD screens working in tandem (the bottom one being a touchscreen), a built-in microphone and support for wireless connectivity. Both screens are encompassed within a clamshell design similar to the Game Boy Advance SP. The Nintendo DS also features the ability for multiple DS consoles to directly interact with each other over Wi-Fi within a short range without the need to connect to an existing wireless network.
The SAT has been renamed several times since its introduction in 1926. It was originally known as the Scholastic Aptitude Test. In 1990, a commission set up by the College Board to review the proposed changes to the SAT program recommended that the meaning of the initialism SAT be changed to "Scholastic Assessment Test" because a "test that integrates measures of achievement as well as developed ability can no longer be accurately described as a test of aptitude". In 1993, the College Board changed the name of the test to SAT I: Reasoning Test; at the same time, the name of the Achievement Tests was changed to SAT II: Subject Tests.
Russell's short story "Jay Score" (1941) is unusual amongst the pulp fiction of its time in presenting a black character, the ship's doctor, without any racial stereotyping. Indeed, this story and its sequels (collected in Men, Martians and Machines) may be considered an early example of the science fiction subgenre in which a spaceship is crewed by a multi-ethnic, mixed human/non-human, complement (cf. the much later Star Trek). Russell also appears to have originated the colloquial initialism "MYOB" for "mind your own business", which appears frequently in the novella "... And Then There Were None" (Astounding, June 1951) and in the novel The Great Explosion based upon it.
Stuff White People Like (sometimes known by the initialism SWPL) is a blog that takes a satirical aim at the interests of North American "left-leaning, city-dwelling, white people". The blog was created in January 2008 by a white Canadian, Christian Lander, a Los Angeles copywriter who grew up in Toronto and graduated from McGill University in Montreal. Lander co-authored the site with his Filipino Canadian friend Myles Valentin, after Valentin teased Lander for watching the HBO television series The Wire. Lander's blog became popular very quickly, registering over 300,000 daily hits and over 40 million total hits by the end of September 2008.
Cost per impression (CPI), or "cost per thousand impressions" (CPM), is a term used in traditional advertising media selection, as well as online advertising and marketing related to web traffic.[1] It refers to the cost of traditional advertising or internet marketing or email advertising campaigns, where advertisers pay each time an ad is displayed. CPI is the cost or expense incurred for each potential customer who views the advertisement(s), while CPM refers to the cost or expense incurred for every thousand potential customers who view the advertisement(s).[2] CPM is an initialism for cost per mille, with mille being Latin for thousand.
They bonded, became friends and together they were called UFO (an initialism of Unique Famous Outrageous). They signed to Tracklacers developing a sound they then called "Jack the Lad Swing", combining the phrase "Jack the lad" and the urban music of new jack swing. While working their way into the music business, UFO instantly signed to Epic Records, before winning their first award in late 2007 at the Urban Music Awards for Best Unsigned Act thanks to their mash-up of "Stand by Me" by Ben E. King and "Beautiful Girls" by Sean Kingston. Shortly thereafter, they released their second single, "Slap Ya Elbow".
Massive R&B; logo The channel was renamed as Massive R&B; on 1 June 2018, now focusing on celebrating classic hip-hop & R&B; from the 1990s and 2000s, and current urban music - from US rap to UK grime.As read on the Sky guide when choosing a favourite channel This has been the second time the name has been used for a channel owned by All Around the World, after originally launching on 15 August 2011 as a rebrand of WTF (an initialism of Weekly Top Forty), until 27 March 2013 when it was rebranded as Planet Pop and swapped places with Channel AKA.
Most modern catalogues are generated by computers, using high- resolution, high-sensitivity telescopes, and as a result describe very large numbers of objects. For example, the Guide Star Catalog II has entries on over 998 million distinct astronomical objects. Objects in these catalogs are typically located with very high resolution, and assign designations to these objects based on their position in the sky. An example of such a designation is SDSSp J153259.96−003944.1, where the initialism SDSSp indicates that the designation is from the "Sloan Digital Sky Survey preliminary objects", and the other characters indicate celestial coordinates (epoch 'J', right ascension 153259.96, declination −00°39′44.1″).
The KPV-14.5 heavy machine gun (KPV is an initialism for Krupnokaliberniy Pulemyot Vladimirova, in Russian as Крупнокалиберный Пулемёт Владимирова, or КПВ) is a Soviet designed 14.5×114mm-caliber heavy machine gun, which first entered service as an infantry weapon (designated PKP) in 1949. In the 1960s, the infantry version was taken out of production because it was too large and heavy. It was later redesigned for anti-aircraft use, because it showed excellent results as an AA gun, with a range of 3,000 meters horizontally and 2,000 meters vertically against low flying planes. It was used in the ZPU series of anti-aircraft guns.
The Mark of Cain (also seen as the initialism, TMOC) are a hard rock, alternative metal band from Adelaide, South Australia. Their style has been likened to that of Helmet and Rollins Band, yet this band pre-dates both groups and was influenced by the early work of Joy Division, Big Black and United States hardcore groups. The Mark of Cain were formed in mid-1984 by brothers, John (guitar) and Kim Scott (bass guitar), with Rod Archer on vocals and Gavin Atkinson playing drums. Before long, Archer had left the group and John Scott took on the lead vocal role and the group has remained a trio ever since.
"ATM machine" is a common example of RAS syndrome RAS syndrome (where "RAS" stands for "redundant acronym syndrome", making the phrase "RAS syndrome" self-referential) is the use of one or more of the words that make up an acronym (or other initialism) in conjunction with the abbreviated form. This means, in effect, repeating one or more words from the acronym. Two common examples are "PIN number" / "VIN number" (the "N" in PIN and VIN stands for "number") and "ATM machine" (the "M" in ATM stands for "machine"). The term RAS syndrome was coined in 2001 in a light-hearted column in New Scientist.
The Archers reached its 60th anniversary on 1 January 2011 and to mark this achievement, a special half-hour episode was broadcast on Sunday, 2 January, on BBC Radio 4 from 7pm. The episode had been advertised as containing events that would "shake Ambridge to the core". This phrase even gave rise to the initialism #SATTC trending on the website Twitter during that weekend as listeners speculated about what might happen, and then reported their views as the story unfolded. The main events in the episode were Helen Archer giving birth to her son Henry and Nigel Pargetter falling to his death from the roof of Lower Loxley Hall.
French Connection store in Covent Garden, London French Connection began using the branding "fcuk" (usually written in lowercase) in advertising after 1991 when Marks regained control. Reportedly, the first use of the initialism was on faxes sent between Hong Kong and London offices, headed "FCHK to FCUK". Marks said in a subsequent interview that the faxes were not intended to be rude. The advertising campaign came about after he was so impressed by a bra advert featuring Eva Herzigová that he contacted the advertising executive behind it, Trevor Beattie, even though the company did not have a budget for an advertising campaign at the time.
The term MSM had been in use in public health discussions, especially in the context of HIV/AIDS, since 1990 or earlier, but the coining of the initialism by Glick et al. in 1994 "signaled the crystallization of a new concept." This behavioral concept comes from two distinct academic perspectives. First, it was pursued by epidemiologists seeking behavioral categories that would offer better analytical concepts for the study of disease-risk than identity-based categories (such as "gay", "bisexual", or "straight"), because a man who self- identifies as gay or bisexual is not necessarily sexually active with men, and someone who identifies as straight might be sexually active with men.
One of the most widely used adaptations is the addition of "DR" in front of "ABC", which stands for Danger and Response. This refers to the guiding principle in first aid to protect yourself before attempting to help others, and then ascertaining that the patient is unresponsive before attempting to treat them, using systems such as AVPU or the Glasgow Coma Score. As the original initialism was devised for in-hospital use, this was not part of the original protocol.Committee on CPR of the Division of Medical Sciences, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, JAMA 1966;198:372-379 and 138-145.
"Records truly is my middle name" is a saying Landecker frequently used on the air, as noted in his same titled biography listed below. During his time in Toronto, John did a funny two- minute bit called 'Trudeau Talks Cute' in which he would ask set-up questions that would be followed by a tape recording of Canada's then-Prime Minister, the very popular Pierre Trudeau. The initialism of 'Trudeau Talks Cute' was TTC, which was also used to play up the often-unpopular Toronto Transit Commission. When at WILS Radio (Lansing, MI), John would intro his show using a megaphone to simulate an old-time barker's voice.
"Soyuz" is a transliteration of the Cyrillic text "Союз", and is the Russian word for "Union". It was often used as an internal abbreviation for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ("Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик": "Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik") during the period of that country's existence. The term was used officially by both the Soviet State (for example in various projects it commissioned during the Space Race) and the citizenry as a whole. As terminological shorthand it was often used interchangeably with each of the slightly longer term "Сове́тский Сою́з" ("Sovetskiy Soyuz"; "Soviet Union"), and the initialism "ссср" ("SSSR" in the latin alphabet, "USSR" in English).
Millennium High School (known also by its initialism MHS) is a public high school located in Goodyear, Arizona, United States. It is a part of the Agua Fria Union High School District. Millennium High school was established in 1999 as a separate high school after serving for several years as "Agua Fria North", a separate campus originally established in 1980 for freshmen only. In the late spring of 2011, covered parking with solar panel installations were added to Agua Fria and Millennium high schools; the district had previously added solar panels to the roofs at Desert Edge High School and Verrado High School in 2010.
Shah Rukh Khan (; born 2 November 1965), also known by the initialism SRK, is an Indian actor, film producer, and television personality. Referred to in the media as the "Baadshah of Bollywood" (in reference to his 1999 film Baadshah), "King of Bollywood" and "King Khan", he has appeared in more than 80 Hindi films, and earned numerous accolades, including 14 Filmfare Awards. The Government of India has awarded him the Padma Shri, and the Government of France has awarded him the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres and the Legion of Honour. Khan has a significant following in Asia and the Indian diaspora worldwide.
Biological warfare (BW)—also known as germ warfare—is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, insects, and fungi with the intent to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war. Biological weapons (often termed "bio-weapons", "biological threat agents", or "bio-agents") are living organisms or replicating entities ( ⁠i.e. viruses, which are not universally considered "alive"). Entomological (insect) warfare is a subtype of BW. Biological warfare is distinct from nuclear warfare, chemical warfare and radiological warfare, which together with biological warfare make up CBRN, the military initialism for nuclear, biological, radiological, and chemical warfare using weapons of mass destruction (WMDs).
The Nouvelle Droite (), sometimes shortened to the initialism "ND", is a political movement which emerged in France during the late 1960s. The Nouvelle Droite is at the origin of the wider European New Right (ENR). The Nouvelle Droite began with the formation of Groupement de recherche et d'études pour la civilisation européenne (GRECE; Research and Study Group for European Civilization), a French group guided largely by the philosopher Alain de Benoist, in Nice in 1968. De Benoist and other early GRECE members had long been involved in far-right politics, and their new movement was influenced by older rightist currents of thought like the German conservative revolutionary movement.
The Patriotic Nigras (also known by the initialism PN) are a group of griefers in the online world of Second Life. While the PN are known mainly for the disruption of Second Life and its users, they have also established themselves on the video sharing website YouTube, where they have posted videos of their activities including server raids. Their method of attack ranges from trolling a group or individual to the manipulation of the in-game scripting engine, where they perform such activities as showering their targets with boxes covered in internet memes and shock images. These boxes then produce storms of graphical particles that block the victim's vision.
Bullshit (also bullshite or bullcrap) is a common English expletive which may be shortened to the euphemism bull or the initialism B.S. In British English, "bollocks" is a comparable expletive. It is mostly a slang term and a profanity which means "nonsense", especially as a rebuke in response to communication or actions viewed as deceptive, misleading, disingenuous, unfair or false. As with many expletives, the term can be used as an interjection, or as many other parts of speech, and can carry a wide variety of meanings. A person who communicates nonsense on a given subject may be referred to as a "bullshit artist".
Love Sex Aur Dhokha (; also known by the initialism LSD) is a 2010 Indian Hindi-language anthology drama film directed by Dibakar Banerjee and written by Banerjee and Kanu Behl. Jointly produced by Ekta Kapoor, Shobha Kapoor and Priya Sreedharan under the banner of ALT Entertainment, the film stars mostly newcomers including Anshuman Jha, Nushrat Bharucha, Rajkummar Rao, Neha Chauhan, Amit Sial, Herry Tangri and Ashish Sharma. It has three separate but interlinked stories about an honour killing, an MMS scandal and sting operations. Banerjee conceived the film after he came across several video clips containing sexual content including the DPS MMS clip and wanted to explore what led to that situation.
The Ocean Park Conservation Foundation, Hong Kong (), often referred to by its initialism OPCFHK is the conglomerate of the former Ocean Park Conservation Foundation (OPCF) and The Hong Kong Society for Panda Conservation (HKSPC) established under the Ocean Park Corporation, with effect from 1 July 2005. It is a registered charitable non-governmental organisation. OPCFHK has not only combined the missions of its forerunners to promote conservation activities for dolphins, whales and giant pandas, but also expanded to other animals such as birds, reptiles and amphibians of Asia. It looks for achieving the wildlife sustainability and biodiversity through advocation, facilitation and participation in the conservation of wildlife and habitats with research and education in Asia.
A frequently asked questions (FAQ) forum is often used in articles, websites, email lists, and online forums where common questions tend to recur, for example through posts or queries by new users related to common knowledge gaps. The purpose of an FAQ is generally to provide information on frequent questions or concerns; however, the format is a useful means of organizing information, and text consisting of questions and their answers may thus be called an FAQ regardless of whether the questions are actually frequently asked. Since the acronym FAQ originated in textual media, its pronunciation varies. FAQ is most commonly pronounced as an initialism, "F-A-Q", but may also be pronounced as an acronym, "FAQ".
Other variants may have a "U" for "unsure"; a "C" for "curious"; another "T" for "transvestite"; a "TS", or "2" for "two-spirit" persons; or an "SA" for "straight allies". However, the inclusion of straight allies in the LGBT acronym has proven controversial as many straight allies have been accused of using LGBT advocacy to gain popularity and status in recent years, and various LGBT activists have criticised the heteronormative worldview of certain straight allies. Some may also add a "P" for "polyamorous", an "H" for "HIV- affected", or an "O" for "other". Furthermore, the initialism ' has seen use in India to encompass the hijra third gender identity and the related subculture.
Unlike TFTP, it made no provisions for sending the file-name as part of transfers, so it could only be used either in places that didn't need a file name (as with spooling), or in conjunction with another protocol that provided the file-name (as in booting). Since EFTP was so simple, it was easy to implement in a very small amount of memory, an important consideration at that time. It was used for booting Xerox Altos over the Ethernet, and also to send files to the print spoolers of laser printers. Various expansions of the initialism EFTP have been given, including Easy File Transfer Protocol, Ether File Transfer Protocol, and Experimental File Transfer Protocol.
Canada West is a regional membership association for universities in Western Canada which assists in co-ordinating competition between their university level athletic programs and providing contact information, schedules, results, and releases about those programs and events to the public and the media. This is similar to what would be called a college athletic conference in the United States. Canada West is one of four such bodies that are members of the country's governing body for university athletics, U Sports. The other three regional associations coordinating university-level sports in Canada are Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Atlantic University Sport (AUS), and the Quebec Student Sport Federation (known by its French initialism of RSEQ).
Erik Brunetti started a clothing line with skateboarder Natas Kaupas in 1990 using the name Fuct (stylized as "FUCT"). Fuct stood as an initialism for "Friends U Can’t Trust", but Brunetti felt its phonetic closeness to the expletive "fucked" was humorous. Around 2010, Brunetti saw a number of knock-offs of his clothing line being sold on eBay and other Internet sites, inappropriately using the "Fuct" label. In 2011, Brunetti sought to register the trademark on Fuct to stop these knock-offs, but was denied registration by the Office examiner that stated the word was phonetically similar to the expletive "fucked", which was well-established as a "scandalous" word under Section 2(a) of the Lanham Act.
CCM Hockey is a Canadian brand of ice hockey equipment. CCM (formerly an initialism for Canada Cycle & Motor Co. Ltd.) was held by two separate entities both maintaining the CCM trademark, one (Reebok-CCM by Adidas, formerly "The Hockey Company")THE HOCKEY COMPANY WILL OFFICIALLY CHANGE NAME TO REEBOK-CCM HOCKEY on Reebok website, Montreal, 10 Jan 2007 manufacturing hockey equipment and the other, CCM Bicycles manufacturing bicycles. The company is currently owned by Canadian private "Birch Hill Equity Partners", after the Adidas Group sold the brand for around $100 million in 2017. CCM range of products for hockey includes sticks, skates, helmets, shoulder pads, elbow pads, goaltender masks, knee pads, throat collar and team uniforms.
Family cheer on X Factor star Retford Times, 24 December 2008 Last to join the group was JB Gill, for his "musical ear" and harmonies. They bonded, became friends and together they were called UFO (an initialism of Unique Famous Outrageous). They signed to Tracklacers developing a sound they then called "Jack the Lad Swing", combining the phrase "Jack the lad" and the urban music of new jack swing. While working their way into the music business, UFO instantly signed to Epic Records, before winning their first award in late 2007 at the Urban Music Awards for Best Unsigned Act thanks to their mash-up of "Stand by Me" by Ben E. King and "Beautiful Girls" by Sean Kingston.
Since 1954, Federal law has protected the FBI seal against unauthorized commercial use. The unauthorized use of the seal is subject to prosecution under federal criminal law, including Sections 701 and 709 of Title 18 of the United States Code. The latter Section prohibits the use of the words "Federal Bureau of Investigation" or the initialism "F.B.I.", > in connection with any advertisement, circular, book, pamphlet or other > publication, play, motion picture, broadcast, telecast, or other production, > in a manner reasonably calculated to convey the impression that such > advertisement, circular, book, pamphlet or other publication, play, motion > picture, broadcast, telecast, or other production, is approved, endorsed, or > authorized by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
While the machine state register found in the PowerPC architecture and the model-specific registers found in IA-32 and x86 64 architectures fulfill similar functions and the initialism "MSR" can refer to either, there are important differences that distinguish them. The machine state register, a single register, provides coarse-grained control over a small number of machine functions. In contrast, dozens to hundreds of model-specific registers exist on recent IA-32 and x86_64 architectures and provide a much finer granularity of both reporting and control of machine state. The term "machine state register" does not appear in Intel and AMD documentation; likewise "model-specific register" does not appear in IBM and Freescale documentation.
Digital Satellite System is the initialism expansion of the DSS digital satellite television transmission system used by DirecTV. Only when digital transmission was introduced did direct broadcast satellite (DBS) television become popular in North America, which has led to both DBS and DSS being used interchangeably to refer to all three commonplace digital transmission formats - DSS, DVB-S and 4DTV. Analog DBS services, however, existed prior to DirecTV and were still operational in continental Europe until April 2012. At the time of DirecTV's launch in 1994, the DVB-S digital satellite system in use in the majority of the world had not yet been standardised, the Thomson developed DSS system was used instead.
A Bad Conduct Discharge (BCD), colloquially referred to as a "big chicken dinner", from the initialism, can only be given by a court-martial (either special or general) as a punishment to an enlisted service member. Bad conduct discharges are often preceded by a period of confinement in a military prison. The discharge itself is not executed until completion of both confinement and the appellate review process. Virtually all veterans' benefits are forfeited by a Bad Conduct Discharge; BCD recipients are not eligible for VA disability compensation unless they were discharged via special court-martial and the VA determines that their service was "Honorable for VA Purposes" in accordance with 38 CFR 3.12.
Acronyms formed from a string of initials and usually pronounced as individual letters (as in FBI from Federal Bureau of Investigation, and e.g. from Latin are sometimes more specifically called initialisms or alphabetisms. Occasionally, some letter other than the first is chosen, most often when the pronunciation of the name of the letter coincides with the pronunciation of the beginning of the word (example: BX from base exchange). Acronyms that are usually pronounced as words, such as AIDS and scuba, are sometimes called word acronyms, to disambiguate them more clearly from initialisms, especially since some users of the term "initialism" use "acronym" in a narrow sense meaning only the type sounded out as letters.
After Choi's retirement, the ITF split in 2001 and then again in 2002 to create three separate federations each of which continues to operate today under the same name. In 1972 the KTA and the South Korean government's Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism established the Kukkiwon as the new national academy for Taekwondo. Kukkiwon now serves many of the functions previously served by the KTA, in terms of defining a government-sponsored unified style of Taekwondo. In 1973 the KTA and Kukkiwon supported the establishment of the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF, renamed to World Taekwondo in 2017 due to confusion with the initialism) to promote the sportive side of Kukki-Taekwondo.
The SPQR series is a collection of historical mystery stories by John Maddox Roberts, published between 1990 and 2010, and set in the time of the Roman Republic. SPQR (the original title of the first book, until the sequels came out) is a Latin initialism for Senatus Populusque Romanus ("The Roman Senate and People"), the official name of the Republic. The stories are told in first-person form by Senator Decius Caecilius Metellus the Younger (born c 90-95 BC), nephew of Metellus Pius and member of the powerful Caecilius Metellus family of the Roman Senate. The stories are told in flashback-form by the old Decius, writing during the reign of Augustus Caesar.
Basic Assembly Language (BAL) is the commonly used term for a low-level programming language used on IBM System/360 and successor mainframes. Originally, "Basic Assembly Language" applied only to an extremely restricted dialect designed to run under control of IBM Basic Programming Support (BPS/360) on systems with only 8 KB of main memory, and only a card reader, a card punch, and a printer for input/output — thus the word "Basic". However, the full name and the initialism "BAL" almost immediately attached themselves in popular use to all assembly-language dialects on the System/360 and its descendants. BAL for BPS/360 was introduced with the System/360 in 1964.
The National Restaurant Association, widely referred to as "the other NRA" to distinguish itself from National Rifle Association, which shares the initialism, is a powerful lobbying force in Washington, DC, and in state capitals. It is very active in fighting efforts to retain the minimum wage in the United States as well as laws requiring paid sick leave. In July 2013, it boasted that it had successfully lobbied against raises in the minimum wage, in part or in full, in 27 of 29 states and blocked paid sick leave legislation in 12 states. It also takes credit for halting any increase in the federal minimum wage for tipped employees, which has remained at $2.13 per hour since 1991.
Dance Appeal was a Canadian supergroup of dance, rhythm and blues, reggae and hip hop artists, who released the one-off single "Can't Repress the Cause" in 1990."Song has a double message: Dance song disputes new FM station licence". The Globe and Mail, September 21, 1990. The song, a plea for greater inclusion of these predominantly black music genres in the Canadian music industry, was released as a direct response to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission's 1990 decision to deny an FM radio license to Milestone Radio for what would have become Canada's first urban music station; the single's title was intentionally chosen to result in the initialism "CRTC".
Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge (), also known by the initialism DDLJ, is a 1995 Indian Hindi-language romance film, directed by Aditya Chopra in his directorial debut, produced by his father Yash Chopra, and written by Javed Siddiqui with Aditya Chopra. Released on 20 October 1995, the film stars Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol. The plot revolves around Raj and Simran, two young non- resident Indians, who fall in love during a vacation through Europe with their friends. Raj tries to win over Simran's family so the couple can marry, but Simran's father has long since promised her hand to his friend's son. The film was shot in India, London, and Switzerland, from September 1994 to August 1995.
In music, SATB is an initialism for soprano, alto, tenor and bass, defining the voice types required by a chorus or choir to perform a particular musical work. Pieces written for SATB (the most common combination, and used by most hymn tunes) can be sung by choruses of mixed genders, by choirs of men and boys, or by four soloists. There is a lack of general agreement on other initialisms and abbreviations. Tr for treble, Mz (or similar) for mezzo- soprano, Ba, Bar or Bari for baritone are self-explanatory, while C could be taken for canto, the highest part, or for contralto, usually implying a female alto(s) as opposed to a countertenor (Ct).
K.T.S.E. (an initialism of Keep That Same Energy) is the second studio album by American recording artist Teyana Taylor, released on June 22, 2018, by GOOD Music and Def Jam Recordings. Following the release of VII in 2014, Taylor took a step back from her music career, instead working in television, getting married and giving birth to her first child. In 2018, it was announced that Kanye West would be producing K.T.S.E, with recording for the album taking place in Wyoming. It is the final of five albums released over consecutive weeks, produced by West in their entirety as a part of the "Wyoming Sessions", following the release of Pusha T's Daytona, West's Ye and Kids See Ghosts with Kid Cudi, and Nas Nasir.
During this time, Johnson, who went by his initialism "LJ" and the nickname "Grandmama" (because of a popular series of commercials for Converse, who signed Johnson to an endorsement contract following his entry into the NBA), was featured on the cover of the premiere issue of SLAM. In October 1993, Johnson signed what was at the time the most lucrative contract in NBA history, a 12-year, $84 million deal with the Hornets.SPORTS PEOPLE: BASKETBALL; Charlotte Signs Johnson for $84 Million However, he missed 31 games after spraining his back on December 27, 1993 in a game against the Detroit Pistons. During the summer he played for the U.S. national team (nicknamed Dream Team II) in the 1994 FIBA World Championship, winning the gold medal.
ABS-CBN (an initialism of its two predecessors' names, Alto Broadcasting System and Chronicle Broadcasting Network) is a Philippine commercial television and new media network that serves as the flagship property of ABS- CBN Corporation, a company under the Lopez Group. The network is headquartered at the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center in Quezon City, with additional offices and production facilities in 25 major cities including Baguio, Naga, Bacolod, Iloilo, Cebu, and Davao. ABS-CBN is colloquially referred to as the Kapamilya Network; this branding was originally introduced in 1999 and was officially introduced in 2003 during the celebration of its 50th anniversary. ABS-CBN is the largest media company in the country in terms of revenues, assets, and international coverage.
Like many of the larger accounting firms in recent years, EY has expanded into markets adjacent to accounting, including strategy, operations, HR, technology, and financial services consulting. EY operates as a network of member firms which are structured as separate legal entities in a partnership, which has close to 300,000 employees in over 700 offices in more than 150 countries around the world. The firm's current partnership was formed in 1989 by a merger of two accounting firms; Ernst & Whinney and Arthur Young & Co. It was named Ernst & Young until a rebranding campaign officially changed its name to EY in 2013, although this initialism was already used informally prior to its sanctioning adoption. In 2019, EY was the seventh-largest privately owned organization in the United States.
Chriss Scherer, BE Radio/Radio magazine editor, 1997 to 2014. In time, the common lineage of the two magazines was less important, and the connection was not understood by many readers. With that, the "BE" initialism ceased to have relevance for BE Radio, and in 2002 the decision was made to drop the initials from the title, leading to the title of Radio.Chriss Scherer, BE Radio/Radio magazine editor, 1997 to 2014. The March through August 2002 issues of Radio magazine have a small "BE" in the upper corner. This is because the postal permit was registered for BE Radio and not Radio, and the small addition to the cover satisfied postal regulations.Chriss Scherer, BE Radio/Radio magazine editor, 1997 to 2014.
Siva Manasula Sakthi () also known by the initialism SMS, is a 2009 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film written and directed by debutant M. Rajesh, a former assistant of director S. A. Chandrasekhar. It stars Jiiva and newcomer Anuya Bhagwat, a student of Pune Film Institute, in the lead roles, with Santhanam, Urvashi and Sathyan appearing in supporting and Arya appearing in a cameo role. Despite initially gaining mixed reviews, the film became highly successful at the box office and has since become a cult romantic comedy film in the Tamil film industry. The film was later remade in Telugu as Shiva Manasulo Shruti with Mahesh Babu's brother-in-law Sudheer Babu and Regina Cassandra and released in February 2012.
WWF Forceable Entry is a soundtrack album by WWE (then known as the World Wrestling Federation, or WWF). Released on March 26, 2002 by Columbia Records, it features entrance music of WWE wrestlers re-recorded by various hard rock and heavy metal artists and bands. It is also the last album released under the "WWF" name, as the company changed its name to "WWE" in May 2002 after a British court ruled in favor of the World Wide Fund for Nature for ownership of the "WWF" initialism and branding (the World Wrestling Federation and the World Wide Fund for Nature had used the "WWF" name and branding since 1979 at the time). The album was a commercial success, charting at number three on the US Billboard 200.
In 2008, UFO auditioned for the fifth series of The X Factor, but had to change their name because it was already being used by another group, so they decided to go with the name JLS (an initialism of Jack the Lad Swing, the style created with Tracklacers some months back). Following the elimination of girl groups Bad Lashes and Girlband in weeks one and two respectively, JLS were Louis Walsh's last remaining act in the competition, but throughout the live shows the judges called them the best band to come out of The X Factor. In week 7, JLS were in the bottom two along with Rachel Hylton. However, they survived thanks to votes from Walsh, Cheryl Cole and Simon Cowell.
P. D. Q. Bach is a fictional composer invented by the American musical satirist Peter Schickele, who developed a five-decade-long career performing the "discovered" works of the "only forgotten son" of the Bach family. Schickele's music combines parodies of musicological scholarship, the conventions of Baroque and Classical music, and slapstick comedy. The name is a parody of the three-part names given to some members of the Bach family that are commonly reduced to initials, such as , for Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach; PDQ is an initialism for "pretty damned quick". Schickele began working on the character while studying at the Aspen Music Festival and School and Juilliard, and has performed a variety of Bach shows over the years.
In the mid-1980s, to counteract NBC, ABC decided to refocus itself on family-oriented comedies, including: Who's the Boss?, Mr. Belvedere, Growing Pains, Perfect Strangers, Head of the Class, Full House, The Wonder Years, Just the Ten of Us, and Roseanne. The initial successes of these series allowed the network to revamp its Friday night schedule in the late 1980s, revolving around family-friendly comedies, culminating in the point where it launched the "TGIF" block (the initialism of which the stars in promotions touted as "Thank Goodness It's Funny") in 1989. Many of the series featured during the run of the block were produced by Miller-Boyett Productions, which briefly programmed the entire Friday lineup during the 1990–91 season.
KMFDM recorded and released its fourth album, UAIOE, in early 1989 for distribution in both the U.S. and Europe, arrived in America for the first time on December 16, and commenced touring the U.S. with Ministry. During KMFDM's first US tour, band members started using the phrase "Kill Motherfucking Depeche Mode" for the initialism to tease journalists who did not understand German. The band signed directly to Wax Trax! to distribute its fifth album, Naïve, which was recorded in Europe and featured the debut of guitarist Günter Schulz, known at the time as Svetlana Ambrosius. A remix of the album's title track was the group's first hit, reaching No. 21 on Billboards Dance/Club Play Songs Chart in March 1991.
He founded in 1987 the Jeunesses Nationalistes Révolutionnaires ("Revolutionary Nationalist Youth", also known by its initialism JNR) and joined the Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University. In 1993, he was a candidate during the 1993 French legislative election where he obtained 0.17% of the votes. He was associated with Alain Soral's movement, Égalité et Réconciliation, close to Frédéric Chatillon, member of Groupe Union Défense and founded a bar for conferences with Jean-Paul Gourévitch, Pierre Sidos, Pierre Hillard, François-Bernard Huyghe, Guillaume de Tanoüarn, Michel Drac, Romain Bessonnet, Jean-Marie Vianney Ndagijimana, Véronique Hervouët, David Mascré, Maurice Gendre, Denis Collin and Marine Le Pen. In 2013, he made several media appearances following the death of Clément Méric, an antifascist activist who died during a fight with skinheads.
The UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies building, which was opened in 2005 In 2005, UCL was finally granted its own taught and research degree awarding powers and all UCL students registered from 2007/08 qualified with UCL degrees. Also in 2005, UCL adopted a new corporate branding under which the name University College London was replaced by the initialism UCL in all external communications. In the same year, a major new £422 million building was opened for University College Hospital on Euston Road, the UCL Ear Institute was established and a new building for the UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies was opened. In 2007, the UCL Cancer Institute was opened in the newly constructed Paul O'Gorman Building.
LMN (also known previously as Lifetime Movies, and an initialism for Lifetime Movie Network) is an American pay television network that is owned by A&E; Networks, a joint venture between the Disney Media Networks subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company and the Hearst Communications. LMN carries movies and exclusive shows aimed at women, especially made for television movies. Many, though not all, of the movies that air on the network are Lifetime originals that were first shown on the flagship Lifetime channel; in turn, the network also premieres original films that are later broadcast on Lifetime. Until they ended their involvement in television films in the early 2000s, the network's earliest programming consisted of movies originally meant for broadcast networks.
The titular designation "Member of Provincial Parliament" and the initialism "MPP" were formally adopted by the Legislature on April 7, 1938. Prior to the adoption of this resolution, members had no fixed designation. Prior to Confederation members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada had been known by various titles including MPP, MLA and MHA and this confusion persisted after 1867 with members of the Ontario legislature using the titles Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) or Members of Provincial Parliament (MPPs) interchangeably. In 1938, Frederick Fraser Hunter, the Member for St. Patrick, introduced a private member's bill to designate members as Members of Parliament (MPs) arguing that the titles of MPP or MLA were confusing, inaccurate, and undignified.
It is an unsettled question in English lexicography and style guides whether it is legitimate to use the word acronym to describe forms that use initials but are not pronounced as a word. While there is plenty of evidence that acronym is used widely in this way, some sources do not acknowledge this usage, reserving the term acronym only for forms pronounced as a word, and using initialism or abbreviation for those that are not. Some sources acknowledge the usage, but vary in whether they criticize or forbid it, allow it without comment, or explicitly advocate for it. Some mainstream English dictionaries from across the English-speaking world affirm a sense of acronym which does not require being pronounced as a word.
American English dictionaries such as Merriam-Webster, Dictionary.com's Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary as well as the British Oxford English Dictionary and the Australian Macquarie Dictionary all include a sense in their entries for acronym equating it with initialism, although The American Heritage Dictionary criticizes it with the label "usage problem". However, many English language dictionaries, such as the Collins COBUILD Advanced Dictionary, Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary, Macmillan Dictionary, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, New Oxford American Dictionary, Webster's New World Dictionary, and Lexico from Oxford University Press do not acknowledge such a sense. Most of the dictionary entries and style guide recommendations regarding the term acronym through the twentieth century did not explicitly acknowledge or support the expansive sense.
Siefkin came up with the idea of the player tracking down numerous criminals, and developed several criminal personas, including Carmen Sandiego. The other staff found this name mysterious and exotic, in addition to being a female character they could use to attract younger women to the game. From Siefkin's script, they expanded out the idea of the criminal organization V.I.L.E. - Villains’ International League of Evil – and the ACME Detective Agency – with ACME jokingly considered an initialism for "A Company that Makes Everything". The core gameplay was then established, having the player as an ACME recruit to chase down underlings within V.I.L.E., following geography-based clues to complete their search, and working up their ranks in ACME until they were tasked to go after Carmen herself.
VH1 (originally an initialism of Video Hits One) is an American basic cable television network based in New York City owned by ViacomCBS. It was created by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, at the time a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV, and launched on January 1, 1985, in the former space of Turner Broadcasting System's short-lived Cable Music Channel. The channel was originally conceived to build upon the success of sister channel MTV by playing music videos targeting a slightly older demographic than MTV by focusing on the lighter, softer side of popular music. Like MTV, VH1 ultimately drifted away from music videos and into reality television programming, albeit with a focus on music personalities and celebrities, and shows targeting female audiences.
Solid-state hybrid drive (also known by the initialism SSHD) refers to products that incorporate a significant amount of NAND flash memory into a hard disk drive (HDD), resulting in a single, integrated device. The term SSHD is a more precise term than the more general hybrid drive, which has previously been used to describe SSHD devices and non-integrated combinations of solid-state drives (SSDs) and hard disk drives. The fundamental design principle behind SSHDs is to identify data elements that are most directly associated with performance (frequently accessed data, boot data, etc.) and store these data elements in the NAND flash memory. This has been shown to be effective in delivering significantly improved performance over the standard HDD.
P.T. (initialism for "playable teaser") is a first-person psychological horror video game developed by Kojima Productions, under the pseudonym "7780s Studio", and published by Konami. The game was directed and designed by Hideo Kojima, in collaboration with film director Guillermo del Toro. Released for the PlayStation 4 on 12 August 2014 as a free download on the PlayStation Network, P.T. served primarily as an interactive teaser for the game Silent Hills, a cancelled installment in the Silent Hill series. After the cancellation, Konami removed P.T. from the PlayStation Store and eliminated the opportunity to re-install the game, a decision that later spawned criticism, fan efforts to allow P.T. to be re-downloaded, and fan remakes of the game.
Atlantic University Sport (AUS) is a regional membership association for universities in Atlantic Canada which assists in co-ordinating competition between their university level athletic programs and providing contact information, schedules, results, and releases about those programs and events to the public and the media. This is similar to what would be called a college athletic conference in the United States. The AUS, which covers Canada east of the province of Quebec, is one of four such bodies that are members of the country's governing body for university athletics, U Sports. The other three regional associations coordinating university-level sports in Canada are Ontario University Athletics (OUA), the Canada West Universities Athletic Association (CW), and Quebec Student Sport Federation (known by its French initialism of RSEQ).
That same month SKH had rebranded themselves as the "Party of Democratic Reform" (Stranka demokratskih promjena or SDP) and went on to run in the 1990 election as SKH-SDP, coming in second behind the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) with 26 percent of votes and a total of 107 seats in all three houses of parliament which had 351 seat. On 3 November 1990 the party was officially established in its current form, by dropping the initialism SKH from its name. In the August 1992 election, the first election held according to the new Constitution of Croatia which had been adopted on 22 December 1990, SDP won 5.52% of the popular vote and a total of 11 seats in the 138-seat parliament.
The BDSM initialism BDSM is a variety of often erotic practices or roleplaying involving bondage, discipline, dominance and submission, sadomasochism, and other related interpersonal dynamics. Given the wide range of practices, some of which may be engaged in by people who do not consider themselves to be practising BDSM, inclusion in the BDSM community or subculture often is said to depend on self-identification and shared experience. The term BDSM is first recorded in a Usenet post from 1991, and is interpreted as a combination of the abbreviations B/D (Bondage and Discipline), D/s (Dominance and submission), and S/M (Sadism and Masochism). BDSM is now used as a catch-all phrase covering a wide range of activities, forms of interpersonal relationships, and distinct subcultures.
CompuServe (CompuServe Information Service, also known by its initialism CIS) was an American online service provider, the first major commercial one in the United States – described in 1994 as "the oldest of the Big Three information services (the others are Prodigy and America Online)." It dominated the field during the 1980s and remained a major influence through the mid-1990s. At its peak in the early 1990s, CIS was known for its online chat system, message forums covering a variety of topics, extensive software libraries for most computer platforms, and a series of popular online games, notably MegaWars III and Island of Kesmai. It also was known for its introduction of the GIF format for pictures and as a GIF exchange mechanism.
HIP grew out of a conservative citizens' association known by the same initialism, called "Croatian Identity and Prosperity" (), established by conservative politician Miroslav Tuđman, son of the late Franjo Tuđman. It was formally registered as a party in January 2002, at the time when the main conservative party Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) was going through a period of considerable internal turmoil brought about by their defeat in the 2000 general election. HIP sought to rally right-wing politicians and voters who had been disappointed with the party's change in position from right-wing to centre-right under the guidance of the newly elected party chief Ivo Sanader. HIP thus advocated a return to conservative nationalism which had been espoused by HDZ and its longtime president Franjo Tuđman in the 1990s.
The relationship of intersex to lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans, and queer communities is complex, but intersex people are often added to the LGBT category to create an LGBTI community. Some intersex people prefer the initialism LGBTI, while others would rather that they not be included as part of the term. Emi Koyama describes how inclusion of intersex in LGBTI can fail to address intersex-specific human rights issues, including creating false impressions "that intersex people's rights are protected" by laws protecting LGBT people, and failing to acknowledge that many intersex people are not LGBT. Organisation Intersex International Australia states that some intersex individuals are same sex attracted, and some are heterosexual, but "LGBTI activism has fought for the rights of people who fall outside of expected binary sex and gender norms".
Originally created in 1929, the ring's official name is the "Standard Technology Ring". The undergraduate ring design (a separate graduate student version exists as well) varies slightly from year to year to reflect the unique character of the MIT experience for that class, but always features a three-piece design, with the MIT seal and the class year each appearing on a separate face, flanking a large rectangular bezel bearing an image of a beaver. The initialism IHTFP, representing the informal school motto "I Hate This Fucking Place" and jocularly euphemized as "I Have Truly Found Paradise", "Institute Has The Finest Professors", "Institute of Hacks, Tomfoolery and Pranks", "It's Hard to Fondle Penguins", and other variations, has occasionally been featured on the ring given its historical prominence in student culture.
By 2001 the tripartite alliance between the ANC, COSATU and SACP began showing signs of strain as the ANC moved to more liberal economic policies than its alliance partners were comfortable with. The focus of dissent was the GEAR program (an initialism for "Growth, Employment and Redistribution") which formed the foundation of the government's economic policy. In late 2004 this division was again thrown into sharp relief by Zwelinzima Vavi of COSATU protesting the ANC's policy of "quiet diplomacy" towards the worsening conditions in Zimbabwe, as well as Black Economic Empowerment, which he complained benefits a favoured few in the black elite and not the masses. The ANC government also faced (sometimes violent) protests in townships over perceived poor service delivery, as well as internal disputes, as local government elections approached in 2006.
The group give credit to "DJ Triz" who produced one of UFO's first songs and helped them write it. In 2008, UFO auditioned for the fifth series of The X Factor, but had to change their name because it was already being used by another group, so they decided to go with the name JLS (an initialism of Jack the Lad Swing, the style created with Tracklacers some months ago). Following the elimination of girl groups Bad Lashes and Girlband in weeks one and two respectively, JLS were Louis Walsh's last remaining act in the competition, but throughout the live shows the judges called them the best band to come out of The X Factor. In week 7, JLS were in the bottom two along with Rachel Hylton.
The club's name, adopted upon professionalization for the J.League, sprang from the German word Flügel, meaning wing or wings ("Flügels" is an anglicised plural, where the original German word has only one form which can both represent singular and plural). The name points to the club's former sponsor. For a time it was billed as AS Flügels, with the initials of both sponsors, ANA and Sato Labs, forming an initialism that resembled the Italian and French initials for "Sporting Association" (Associazione Sportiva and Association Sportive). Despite never winning either the JSL or J.League title, they were top contenders from the late 1980s through its last game, and won several accolades at home and abroad, including the Emperor's Cup, the Asian Cup Winners' Cup and the Asian Super Cup.
During Sony Computer Entertainment's presentation at Gamescom 2014, an interactive teaser titled P.T. (initialism for "playable teaser") was released on the PlayStation Store for PlayStation 4. Upon completion of the teaser it was revealed to be for a new Silent Hill game entitled Silent Hills, being developed by Kojima Productions using the Fox Engine, and a collaboration between Hideo Kojima and film director Guillermo del Toro, featuring actor Norman Reedus. On September 1, Sony revealed during its pre-TGS press conference that P.T. had been downloaded over a million times and had been viewed over 30,000,000 times across platforms. During the 2015 San Francisco Film Festival on April 26, del Toro announced that he would no longer be involved in the project with Kojima, presumably due to Kojima leaving Konami.
The FHLMC was created in 1970 to expand the secondary market for mortgages in the US. Along with the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), Freddie Mac buys mortgages on the secondary market, pools them, and sells them as a mortgage-backed security to investors on the open market. This secondary mortgage market increases the supply of money available for mortgage lending and increases the money available for new home purchases. The name "Freddie Mac" is a variant of the initialism of the company's full name that was adopted officially for ease of identification. On September 7, 2008, Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) director James B. Lockhart III announced he had put Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac under the conservatorship of the FHFA (see Federal takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac).
Two persistent misunderstandings about RDF developed at this time: firstly, due to the MCF influence and the RDF "Resource Description" initialism, the idea that RDF was specifically for use in representing metadata; secondly that RDF was an XML format rather than a data model, and only the RDF/XML serialisation being XML-based. RDF saw little take-up in this period, but there was significant work done in Bristol, around ILRT at Bristol University and HP Labs, and in Boston at MIT. RSS 1.0 and FOAF became exemplar applications for RDF in this period. The recommendation of 1999 was replaced in 2004 by a set of six specifications: "The RDF Primer", "RDF Concepts and Abstract", "RDF/XML Syntax Specification (revised)", "RDF Semantics", "RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0", and "The RDF Test Cases".
Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak (), also known by the initialism QSQT, is a 1988 Indian Hindi-language musical romance film, directed by Mansoor Khan, written and produced by his father Nasir Hussain, and starring his cousin Aamir Khan along with Juhi Chawla in the lead roles. The film was released on 29 April 1988 to critical acclaim, and was a major commercial success, and was a blockbuster turning Aamir Khan and Juhi Chawla into hugely popular stars. The plot was a modern-day take on classic tragic romance stories such as Layla and Majnun, Heer Ranjha, and Romeo and Juliet. QSQT, which "reinvented the romantic musical genre" in Bollywood, was a milestone in the history of Hindi cinema, setting the template for Bollywood musical romance films that defined Hindi cinema in the 1990s.
Continuous Individualized Risk Index (CIRI) (initialism pronounced /ˈsɪri/) is to a set of probabilistic risk models utilizing Bayesian statistics for integrating diverse cancer biomarkers over time to produce a unified prediction of outcome risk, as originally described by Kurtz, Esfahani, et al (2019) from Ash Alizadeh’s laboratory at Stanford. Inspired by in game win probability models for predicting winners in sports and political elections, CIRI incorporates serial information obtained throughout a given patient’s course to estimate a personalized estimate of various cancer-related risks over time. CIRI models have been developed available for various cancer types, including breast cancer (BRCA), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).The serial information integrated can be diverse, including choice of therapy and the associated responses observed, whether using liquid biopsies or radiological studies, pathological and other dynamic measurements.
MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable channel, launched on August 1, 1981. Based in New York City, it serves as the flagship property of the ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks division of ViacomCBS, also headquartered in New York City. MTV was originally first tested on December 1, 1977 as Sight on Sound, but was officially launched in 1981, and originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as "video jockeys" (VJs), but in the years since its inception, the network significantly toned down its focus on music in favor of original reality programming targeting youths and young adults. MTV has spawned numerous sister channels in the U.S. and affiliated channels internationally, some of which have gone independent, with approximately 90.6 million American households in the United States receiving the channel as of January 2016.
A block diagram of a PID controller in a feedback loop, r(t) is the desired process value or "set point", and y(t) is the measured process value. A proportional–integral–derivative controller (PID controller) is a control loop feedback mechanism control technique widely used in control systems. A PID controller continuously calculates an error value e(t) as the difference between a desired setpoint and a measured process variable and applies a correction based on proportional, integral, and derivative terms. PID is an initialism for Proportional-Integral-Derivative, referring to the three terms operating on the error signal to produce a control signal. The theoretical understanding and application dates from the 1920s, and they are implemented in nearly all analogue control systems; originally in mechanical controllers, and then using discrete electronics and later in industrial process computers.
The band was formed in January 1988 by Sergey Parashchuk, who has been leading it to the present. Emerging from the 1980s Soviet rock movement, which was among the most influential drivers of social change in the USSR but was soon to end, the band still managed to make it to the elite of Leningrad rock, the key echelon of the rock movement, before the Leningrad Rock Club vanished together with the socialist system, succeeded by a lot of new Saint Petersburg musical clubs at times when rock music was none of the influence it used to enjoy. The name of the band is an initialism commonly referring to the New Economic Policy adopted by Lenin's government in the 1920s. However, there are alternative interpretations of the band's name: for example, Let this Perestroyka go to hell (Russian Нафиг Эту Перестройку).
JLS (an initialism of Jack the Lad Swing) are an English pop/R&B; group, which consists of members Aston Merrygold, Oritsé Williams, Marvin Humes, and JB Gill, originally formed by Williams. They initially signed to Tracklacers production company New Track City and then went on to become runners-up of the fifth series of the ITV reality talent show The X Factor in 2008, coming second to Alexandra Burke. Following their appearance on The X Factor, JLS signed to Epic Records. Their first two singles "Beat Again" and "Everybody in Love" both went to number one on the UK Singles Chart. The band's self-titled debut album was released on 9 November 2009 and has since sold over 1 million copies in the UK. JLS won the awards for British Breakthrough and British Single ("Beat Again") at the 2010 BRIT Awards.
Qualified Security Assessor (QSA) is a designation conferred by the PCI Security Standards Council to those individuals that meet specific information security education requirements, have taken the appropriate training from the PCI Security Standards Council, are employees of a Qualified Security Assessor (QSA) company approved PCI security and auditing firm,QSA Companies and will be performing PCI compliance assessments as they relate to the protection of credit card data. The term QSA can be implied to identify an individual qualified to perform payment card industry compliance auditing and consulting or the firm itself. QSA companies are sometimes differentiated from QSA individuals by the initialism 'QSAC'. The primary goal of an individual with the PCI QSA certification is to perform an assessment of a firm that handles credit card data against the high-level control objectives of the PCI Data Security Standard (PCI DSS).
LTE and SAE network E-UTRA is the air interface of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for mobile networks. It is an acronym for Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access, also referred to as the 3GPP work item on the Long Term Evolution (LTE)3GPP UMTS Long Term Evolution page also known as the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) in early drafts of the 3GPP LTE specification. E-UTRAN is the initialism of Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network and is the combination of E-UTRA, user equipment (UE), and E-UTRAN Node B or Evolved Node B (EnodeB). It is a radio access network (RAN) which is referred to under the name EUTRAN standard meant to be a replacement of the UMTS and HSDPA/HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and beyond.
R.E.M. is well known as an initialism for rapid eye movement, the dream stage of sleep; however, sleep researcher Dr. Rafael Pelayo reports that when his colleague Dr. William Dement, the sleep scientist who coined the term REM, reached out to the band, Dr. Dement was told that the band was named "not after REM sleep". Mitch Easter (far left) was R.E.M.'s producer until 1984, helping to define the band's early sound The band members eventually dropped out of school to focus on their developing group. They found a manager in Jefferson Holt, a record store clerk who was so impressed by an R.E.M. performance in his hometown of Chapel Hill, North Carolina, that he moved to Athens. R.E.M.'s success was almost immediate in Athens and surrounding areas; the band drew progressively larger crowds for shows, which caused some resentment in the Athens music scene.
Although the blog "has spurred an outpouring from those who view it as offensive and racist", it is not about the interests of all white people, but rather a stereotype of affluent, environmentally and socially conscious, anti-corporate white North Americans, who typically hold a degree in the liberal arts. Lander claims to be lampooning contemporary versions of bohemian/hipster culture, and jokingly refers to other classes and subcultures of white people as "the wrong kind of white people". Despite the site's satirical edge, Lander regards the people he describes with affection and numbers himself among them, describing himself as "a self-aware, left-wing person who's not afraid to recognize the selfishness and contradictions that come on the left". The initialism "SWPL" has been adopted in some circles as a (usually pejorative) shorthand term for the type of people depicted on the blog.
Underwood posted a teaser video to her social media accounts on January 28, 2015 with the caption "Friday..." and the hashtags #LittleToyGuns and #CUX1 (Carrie Underwood Decade 1, an initialism for her greatest hits album), which was later confirmed as a preview for the "Little Toy Guns" video premiering via Facebook on January 30, 2015. The video was directed by P.R. Brown, who has previously collaborated with Underwood's on her "Two Black Cadillacs" video. The video managed to reach 7.5 million Facebook views on its debut week before being deleted off Facebook and being officially released to Vevo and YouTube. The video received positive feedback and was nominated for "Female Video of the Year" at the 2015 CMT Music Awards; however, it lost to another of Carrie's videos, the one for her previous single "Something in the Water" (which also won "Video of the Year" at the ceremony).
Carroll Shelby maintained ownership of his Goodyear tire distributorship and set up the Shelby Wheel Company in 1971 in Gardena, California, producing and selling aftermarket aluminum wheels, but he remained otherwise out of the automotive industry until 1982. His old friend Lee Iacocca had become president and CEO of the Chrysler Corporation, and contacted him with a proposition: Chrysler would set up a new Chrysler-Shelby Performance Center in Santa Fe Springs, California (not far from Dean Moon's shop where the first Cobra was assembled) so that Shelby could assist Chrysler's engineers to create high-performance versions of their cars, similar to his relationship with Ford almost 20 years earlier. Shelby assisted with the creation of the 1983 Dodge Shelby Charger, a two-door performance variant of the front-wheel drive Dodge Omni. For 1984 Shelby assisted with the Omni GLH, named by Shelby as an initialism for "Goes Like Hell".
Australian official mail, franked "On His Majesty's Service", crash cover salvaged from the 1935 Imperial Airways "City of Khartoum" aircraft crash at Alexandria during an England to Australia flight. "On Her Majesty's Service" envelope with OHMS economy "Official Paid" label from 1978 O.H.M.S., an initialism for On Her Majesty's Service or On His Majesty's Service (depending on the sex of the reigning monarch), is an official franking commonly seen on correspondence from government departments in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and other countries that share the same monarch as their head of state (now known as Commonwealth realms). In Canada, O.H.M.S may be written on an envelope instead of using postage stamps for any letters being sent to the House of Commons of Canada or to any member of the Parliament of Canada. Letters sent from Lieutenant-Governors may also bear the O.H.M.S. mark.
Rosmerta, for instance, was frequently associated with Mercury in Gaul. Four of the bowls have incised emblematic designs associated with Mercury, and the formulaic Latin initialism VSLM, standing for votum solvit libens merito ("He fulfills his vow freely, as is deserved").Ruth E. Leader- Newby, Silver and Society in Late Antiquity: Functions and Meanings of Silver Plate Ashgate. 2004. Nine of the vessels form a group of luxury domestic silver of 1st century dateSimilar to silver found at Boscoreale and in the House of the Menander at Pompeii, overwhelmed by the eruption of 79 CE, and similarly composed of drinking vessels (Leader-Newby). with iconographic connections to Dionysus rather than to Mercury, marked as votive offerings (vota) of one Q. Domitius Tutus; they include a matching pair of silver drinking cups (scyphi) with Dionysiac imagery of centaurs,Jon van de Grift, "Tears and Revel: The Allegory of the Berthouville Centaur Scyphi" American Journal of Archaeology 88.3 (July 1984:377-388).
CBS (an initialism of its former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American broadcast television network that originated as a radio network in September 1927, and expanded into television in July 1941. Throughout its history, the network has had many owned-and-operated and affiliated stations. This article is a table listing of former CBS owned-and-operated and affiliated stations, arranged alphabetically by state, and based on the station's city of license as well as its Designated Market Area; it is also accompanied by footnotes regarding the present network affiliation of the former CBS-affiliated station (if the station remains operational) and the current CBS affiliates in each of the listed markets, as well as any other notes including the reasons behind each station's disaffiliation from the network. There are links to and articles on each of the stations, describing their histories, local programming and technical information, such as broadcast frequencies.
In "Utopia", a scientist called Professor Yana (Derek Jacobi) is revealed to be the Master, disguised in biological human form to hide from the Time War. Overhearing conversations between the Doctor and his companion Jack Harkness (John Barrowman) of the events from "Human Nature"/"The Family of Blood", where the Doctor had used the Chameleon Arch to temporarily place his Time Lord identity within a fob watch, causes Yana to become curious about his own fob watch; opening the fob watch, he is reunited with the Master's consciousness and made biologically Time Lord again, which the Doctor discovers too late after recognising the initialism of Boe's message pointed to Yana. Yana is shot, regenerates into a new incarnation (John Simm) and steals the Doctor's TARDIS. In "The Sound of Drums", the Doctor makes his way back to Earth to find the Master has become Prime Minister of the United Kingdom under the alias of Harold Saxon.
Director Sidney Hayers used the phrase as the title of his 1972 crime drama All Coppers Are... and the Dictionary of Catchphrases states that while the initialism—later seen in 1977 by a Newcastle journalist written on the walls of a prison cell—may be no older than the 1970s, the full phrase may date back as far as the 1920s. Montreal police car spray-painted with "ACAB" during the 2012 Quebec student protests The acronym is often integrated into prison tattoos in the United Kingdom, commonly rendered as one letter per finger, alternatively sometimes seen as symbolic small dots across each knuckle. In Germany, usage of the term is a criminal offense when it refers to the honor of an individual, however, when used to describe a large group of people, it is permitted. In certain contexts, the Anti-Defamation League categorizes the phrase as a hate symbol and describes it as "a slogan of long standing in the skinhead culture", while noting the phrase is used both by racist and anti-racist skinheads.
The true meaning of "VST" Speculation on the true meaning of the group's name has been debated for many decades. In early interviews by local magazines and newspapers, the group playfully suggested it to be: "Very, Secret, Talaga" ["Truly, Very, Secret"]. Although in recent years, it has been revealed that the acronym is simply the initialism of the first names of the group's three founding members: Vic (Sotto), Spanky (Rigor), and Tito (Sotto), as reported in a special by PTV evening show XIAOTIME in 2016, hosted by Xiao Chua, entitled: "VST & Co.: Kultura na Nagbubuklod sa Nasyong Pilipino".VST & Co.: Kultura na Nagbubuklod sa Nasyong Pilipino During an interview on the Arnold Clavio Show in 2011, Clavio asks Tito Sotto if "VST" is an initialization of his full name, "Vicente Sotto the Third":Tito Sotto Interview on Arnold Clavio Show During VST's Anaheim concert on January 19, 2020, Roger Rigor jokingly hinted that VST meant, "Very, Secret, Talaga" ["Truly, Very, Secret"], referencing the answer they used to give the press during the band's heyday.
TGIF is the name of an American prime time television programming block that has aired on ABC at various points since the late 1980s. The name comes from the initials of the popular phrase "Thank God It's Friday"; however, the stars of the lineup touted the initialism meaning "Thank Goodness It's Funny." In its various incarnations, the block mainly featured situation comedies aimed at a family audience, and served as a lead-in to the long-running newsmagazine 20/20 (which has been part of ABC's Friday night schedule since September 1987, two years prior to the original launch of TGIF). The block initially premiered on September 22, 1989, marking one of the first attempts by a major network to brand a programming block (a concept that was concurrently becoming popular among cable networks at the time of its inception), with the goal of encouraging young viewers to watch the entire lineup, instead of just a particular show. The "TGIF" block dominated the ratings in the 18–49 demographic for most of the 1990s.
The South Asian Awareness Network, almost always referred to by its initialism SAAN and pronounced sān, is a non-profit group at the University of Michigan which holds one of the most prominent conferences on South Asian issues for undergraduate students in North America. Its mission goals include "educating participants and raising awareness about issues affecting South Asians that are often overlooked or not discussed, inspiring young South Asians to become leaders by promoting activism, encouraging unity, and maintaining a network of South Asians in across the nation." SAAN was founded in 2001 by several University of Michigan students who felt that there was great demand on campus for a content-driven conference on issues of importance to the South Asian community in America ranging from humanitarian work in South Asia to increased political participation in the United States. From the initial conference in 2001 which was a campus-only affair, the SAAN conference has grown into a nationally renowned conference which draws over 500 participants annually from across America.
Ante Pavelić first began using the title of "Poglavnik" when it was prescribed as the official title for the supreme leader of the Ustaše movement in the organization's founding charter in 1930, while he was in exile in Italy. The organization (whose name at the time meant simply "rebels" in Croatian but which also lost its original meaning in modern usage), was organized as a movement which sought to create an independent Croatian nation-state by means of armed struggle at the time when Croatia was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Following the 1941 invasion of Yugoslavia and the establishment of the puppet state called Independent State of Croatia (commonly referred to by its Croatian-language initialism NDH), the title continued to be used for Pavelić, and its meaning was taken to have evolved into "the supreme leader". The title is therefore usually compared and considered equivalent to other titles of ethno-political leadership used at the time such as Führer (used by Adolf Hitler, which was itself modeled after Benito Mussolini's title Duce).
Shortly afterward, Viacom shortened the network's official name from the "United Paramount Network" to the three-letter initialism, "UPN". Viacom also proposed a rebranding of UPN into the "Paramount Network", using a prototype logo based on Paramount Pictures' mountain logo, which served as the basis for the "P" triangle in the network's original logo that was used until September 2002. This idea was abandoned after many affiliates protested, citing that the rebranding might confuse viewers and result in ratings declines, along with the costs of rebranding their stations with a new image and new network (and possible call sign changes). Viacom's purchase of CBS a few months before (which resulted in the merger of that network's owned-and-operated stations into Viacom's Paramount Stations Group unit), created duopolies between CBS and UPN stations in Philadelphia (KYW-TV and WPSG), Boston (WBZ-TV and WSBK- TV), Miami (WFOR-TV and WBFS-TV), Dallas–Fort Worth (KTVT and KTXA), Detroit (WWJ-TV and WKBD-TV), and Pittsburgh (KDKA-TV and WNPA).
Therefore, the term Germany had an importance as part of the official name, which is reflected in the naming conventions which developed in the Cold War. Starting in June 1949 the abbreviation was sometimes used in the Federal Republic of Germany without any special connotations. The initialism BRD began to enter into such regular usage in West German scientific and ministerial circles, that it was added to the western edition of the German language dictionary Duden in 1967.\- Ein Name im Wandel, Helmut Berschin, Olzog, 1979, page 76 The German Democratic Republic at first used the name Westdeutschland or "West Germany" (abbreviated "WD") for the Federal Republic of Germany,Deutschland seit 1945: eine dokumentierte gesamtdeutsche Geschichte in der Zeit der Teilung, Gerhart Binder, Seewald, 1969, page 600 but since the 1950s the East German government insisted on calling West Germany Deutsche Bundesrepublik or "German Federal Republic" (abbreviated "DBR"),Dokumentation zur Deutschlandfrage, Heinrich Siegler Siegler, 1971, page 46 because they also considered East Germany part of Germany, and thus would not permit the West German government to use the name "Germany".
The league, which combined teams from the defunct Atlantic Coast Hockey League and All-American Hockey League, began play as the East Coast Hockey League in 1988 with five teams--the (Winston-Salem, North) Carolina Thunderbirds (now the Wheeling Nailers); the Erie Panthers (folded in 2011 as the Victoria Salmon Kings); the Johnstown Chiefs (now the Greenville Swamp Rabbits); the Knoxville Cherokees (ceased operations as the Pee Dee Pride in 2005; folded in 2009 following failed relocation efforts); and the Virginia Lancers (now the Utah Grizzlies). In 2003, the West Coast Hockey League ceased operations, and the ECHL board of governors approved membership applications from the Anchorage/Alaska Aces, the Bakersfield Condors, the Fresno Falcons, the Idaho Steelheads, the Las Vegas Wranglers, the Long Beach Ice Dogs and the San Diego Gulls as well as from potential teams in Ontario, California, and Reno, Nevada. Alaska, Bakersfield, Fresno, Idaho, Las Vegas, Long Beach and San Diego began play in the 2003–04 season as expansion teams. In a change reflective of the league's now-nationwide presence, the East Coast Hockey League shortened its name to the orphan initialism ECHL on May 19, 2003.
Two days later on March 9, the Meredith Corporation announced that it had signed KSMO to an affiliation agreement with the Fox Entertainment Group to become the market's MyNetworkTV affiliate, as part of a deal that also saw its UPN-affiliated sister station, KPDX-TV in Portland, Oregon (which was passed over for the CW affiliation in that market in favor of Tribune-owned WB affiliate KWBP, now KRCW-TV), being committed to join the network. As the station already had the "CW" initialism in its call letters, KMBC/KCWE management stated that it would take advantage of this fact for branding purposes and retain the existing KCWE callsign. KCWE adopted a new wordmark logo based around and inspired by the network's logo design that August, at which time the station changed its on-air branding to "KCWE, Kansas City's CW"; however it officially remained a UPN affiliate until September 15, 2006, before affiliating with The CW when that network debuted on September 18. KSMO, meanwhile, joined MyNetworkTV upon that network's launch on September 5, although it remained a part-time affiliate of The WB—carrying only the Daytime WB block for the remaining two weeks of that network's operation—through September 15.

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