Gnomon by Nick Harkaway Nick Harkaway's novel Gnomon is set in a high-tech surveillance state in the near future.
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In it, a stuck paint stirrer slanted like a sundial's gnomon.
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" And it is the questionable assumptions underlying such a future that Nick Harkaway enumerates in his existential speculative thriller Gnomon: "Imagine how safe it would feel to know that no one could ever commit a crime of violence and go unnoticed, ever again.
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During the 18th century, an elaborate gnomon, the Gnomon of Saint- Sulpice, was constructed in the church.
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The theorem of the gnomon states that certain parallelograms occurring in a gnomon have areas of equal size.
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Since the beginning of 1996 there has been a sister project, Gnomon Online, which provides access to the database through the internet and is updated weekly."Gnomon Online" Gnomon 68\. Bd., H. 2 (1996), p. 191; John Tamm Bryn Mawr Classical Review 97.4.
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In 1994 the Gnomon Bibliographische Datenbank (Gnomon bibliographic database) was established, containing data on Gnomon articles, monographs, book chapters, journal articles from over 200 classics journals.Marcus Sehlmeyer, "Review" Historische Zeitschrift Bd. 261, H. 2 (Oct., 1995), pp. 486-488 Entries were in German or English.
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Gnomon situated on the wall of a building facing Tiradentes Square, Curitiba, Brazil A gnomon in computer graphics In the Northern Hemisphere, the shadow-casting edge of a sundial gnomon is normally oriented so that it points due northward and is parallel to the rotational axis of Earth. That is, it is inclined to the northern horizon at an angle that equals the latitude of the sundial's location. At present, such a gnomon should thus point almost precisely at Polaris, as this is within 1° of the north celestial pole. On some sundials, the gnomon is vertical.
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The longest shadow marked on a shadow box is six feet, this creates a problem any time the shadow is longer than the gnomon (you) that casts it. By performing a simple calculation, by figuring out how tall a gnomon would be if it cast a six-foot shadow in the same situation. In this situation the gnomon would be only two feet tall, in order to cast a six-foot shadow. If the shadow is longer than the gnomon, first turn the astrolabe upside down then set the alidade at two, the height of the projected gnomon, then read off the altitude from the altitude scale.
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The Gnomon also confirms that a freed slave takes his former master's social status. The Gnomon demonstrates the social controls that the Romans had in place through monetary means based on status and property.
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A gnomon works as a tool to produce a shadow for measurement.
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Sundials can be designed with a gnomon that is placed in a different position each day throughout the year. In other words, the position of the gnomon relative to the centre of the hour lines varies. The gnomon need not be aligned with the celestial poles and may even be perfectly vertical (the analemmatic dial). These dials, when combined with fixed-gnomon sundials, allow the user to determine true North with no other aid; the two sundials are correctly aligned if and only if they both show the same time.
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The American and European Gnomon branches become splintered, and the conflict allows Austin to regain his power. The Gnomon conflict is overshadowed by the beginnings of World War II. In 1942, Austin travels to Washington D.C. with Lamar. They fail in their original ambition to trade Gnomon secrets with the president and help win the war, but Austin makes a friend, Cezar Golescu, as well as an enemy, Pharris White. In the postwar years, most Gnomon temples close down, and although still open, Lamar's temple remains heavily neglected.
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The gnomon is the triangular blade in this sundial. A gnomon (, from Greek , gnōmōn, literally: "one that knows or examines".) is the part of a sundial that casts a shadow. The term is used for a variety of purposes in mathematics and other fields.
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Indeed, the gnomon is the increment between two successive figurate numbers, including square and triangular numbers.
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He has given Keynote speeches at TMRE 2016, CalArts 2016, Gnomon School of Visual Effects 2017.
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It is indexed in the ATLA Religion Database, Gnomon Bibliographische Datenbank and L'Année philologique, among others. Philotheos is published by the Gnomon Center for the Humanities in Belgrade, in cooperation with the Sebastian Press in Los Angeles and the Center for Philosophy and Theology in Trebinje.
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A gnomon is used along with a shadow box commonly. A gnomon is a stick placed vertically in a sunny place so that it casts a shadow that can be measured. By studying the shadow of the gnomon you can learn a lot of information about the motion of the sun. Gnomons were most likely independently discovered by many ancient civilizations, but it is known that they were used in the 5th century BC in Greece.
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Italian mathematician, engineer, astronomer and geographer Leonardo Ximenes reconstructed the gnomon according to his new measurements in 1756.
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Top view of an equatorial sundial. The hour lines are spaced equally about the circle, and the shadow of the gnomon (a thin cylindrical rod) rotates uniformly. The height of the gnomon is the outer radius of the dial. This animation depicts the motion of the shadow from 3 a.m.
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The sundial is made from a steel frame and covered in anodized copper. As originally designed the 1200mm wide gnomon acted as a heat collecting plate for a local heating scheme. It measures in diameter. The metal gnomon, the shadow-casting portion of the dial, stands above the plaza and extends .
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Top view of an equatorial sundial. The hour lines are spaced equally about the circle, and the shadow of the gnomon (a thin cylindrical rod) rotates uniformly. The height of the gnomon is the outer radius of the dial. This animation depicts the motion of the shadow from 3 a.m.
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Sunquest sundial, designed by Richard L. Schmoyer, at the Mount Cuba Observatory in Greenville, Delaware The Sunquest Sundial is a sundial designed by Richard L. Schmoyer in the 1950s. Adjustable for latitude and longitude, the Sunquest's gnomon automatically corrects for the equation of time allowing it to tell clock time. The Sunquest sundial utilizes a cast aluminum gnomon, the shape of which is related to the analemma. When turned to face the sun, the gnomon casts a curved ribbon of sunlight onto the time-scale arc, correcting for mean time.
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The inner circle is marked with words from Ecclesiastes which reflect upon the nature of time and the seasons. The gnomon, or pointer stands 14.62' above the surface of the plaza and is 24.27' long, measured along its spine. The angle of the gnomon is equal to the latitude, or 38o 10'25" from horizontal and points to the true North Pole and Polaris, the North Star. The gnomon was cut from 3/16" thick stainless steel and fabricated in Springfield, Oregon by metal sculptor and welding engineer Arthur Ross Cady.
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The gnomon is missing. The other items are all memorials, which stand to the east and the south of the church.
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Gnomon Island is a small rocky island lying just north of Point Wild, on Elephant Island in the South Shetland Islands. It was charted by Ernest Shackleton's Endurance expedition, 1914–1916, and so named by them because when viewed from Point Wild the shape of the feature is suggestive of a gnomon, the elevated arm of a sundial.
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Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, the Roman author of De Architectura, wrote on the mathematics of gnomons, or sundial blades. During the reign of Emperor Augustus, the Romans constructed the largest sundial ever built, the Solarium Augusti. Its gnomon was an obelisk from Heliopolis. Similarly, the obelisk from Campus Martius was used as the gnomon for Augustus's zodiacal sundial.
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There is also a gnomon used for the Da Yan calendar in 729 AD and the great observatory of the Yuan Dynasty.
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The Foster- Lambert dial is another movable-gnomon sundial. In contrast to the elliptical analemmatic dial, the Lambert dial is circular with evenly spaced hour lines, making it an equiangular sundial, similar to the equatorial, spherical, cylindrical and conical dials described above. The gnomon of a Foster-Lambert dial is neither vertical nor aligned with the Earth's rotational axis; rather, it is tilted northwards by an angle α = 45° - (Φ/2), where Φ is the geographical latitude. Thus, a Foster-Lambert dial located at latitude 40° would have a gnomon tilted away from vertical by 25° in a northerly direction.
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The theorem of the gnomon was described as early as in Euclid's Elements (around 300 BC) and there it plays an important role in the derivation of other theorems. It is given as proposition 43 in Book I of the Elements, where it is phrased as a statement about parallelograms without using the term gnomon. The latter is introduced by Euclid as the second definition of the second book of Elements. Further theorems for which the gnomon and its properties play an important role are proposition 6 in Book II, proposition 29 in Book VI and propositions 1 to 4 in Book XIII.
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There are several different types of sundials. Some sundials use a shadow or the edge of a shadow while others use a line or spot of light to indicate the time. The shadow-casting object, known as a gnomon, may be a long thin rod or other object with a sharp tip or a straight edge. Sundials employ many types of gnomon.
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A gnomon as in Euclid book II invariant snail in the subtraction of gnomons (Hero's definition) A painted stick dating from 2300 BC that was excavated at the astronomical site of Taosi is the oldest gnomon known in China. The gnomon was widely used in ancient China from the second century BC onward in order to determine the changes in seasons, orientation, and geographical latitude. The ancient Chinese used shadow measurements for creating calendars that are mentioned in several ancient texts. According to the collection of Zhou Chinese poetic anthologies Classic of Poetry, one of the distant ancestors of King Wen of the Zhou dynasty used to measure gnomon shadow lengths to determine the orientation around the 14th century BC. The ancient Greek philosopher Anaximander (610–546 BC) is credited with introducing this Babylonian instrument to the Ancient Greeks.
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Since 2004 he has been a board member of the . In addition, he has been a co-editor of the review journal, Gnomon since 2000.
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In addition, automated computational analysis using the Gnomon gene prediction tool (NCBI gene) has shown that there may be more than 10 different RBM isoforms.
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Gnomon. Kritische Zeitschrift für die gesamte klassische Altertumswissenschaft (Gnomon: Critical Journal of the Entire Field of Scholarship on Classical Antiquity) is a German review journal covering the classics.Bengtson. Introduction to Ancient History (1975), 169. It was established in 1925, first published by Verlag Weidmann and since 1949 by Verlag C. H. Beck. The journal appears in 8 issues each year and contains reviews, obituaries, and notices.
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These were usually used in former times for observing the altitude of the Sun, especially when on the meridian. The style is the part of the gnomon that casts the shadow. This can change as the Sun moves. For example, the upper west edge of the gnomon might be the style in the morning and the upper east edge might be the style in the afternoon.
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A three-dimensional gnomon is commonly used in CAD and computer graphics as an aid to positioning objects in the virtual world. By convention, the x-axis direction is colored red, the y-axis green and the z-axis blue. NASA astronauts used a gnomon as a photographic tool to indicate local vertical and to display a color chart when they were working on the Moon's surface.
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It is normally dangled from a rope or string so the cylinder is vertical. The gnomon can be twisted to be above a month or day indication on the face of the cylinder. This corrects the sundial for the equation of time. The entire sundial is then twisted on its string so that the gnomon aims toward the Sun, while the cylinder remains vertical.
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220 px The dial of the Sundial is unusual: figures engraved on it were calculated according to a special formula, in addition to the notatification of a day hour, some corrections are given for each month of the year. Gnomon, the time indicator, is a metal triangle with a notch, and one of the sharp angles of it is equal to the geographical latitude of Taganrog ― 47 ° 12 'N. The gnomon is fixed perpendicular to the dial so that its hypotenuse is directed to the pole of the Earth. The clock's arrow is the edge of the shadow cast by the gnomon of the dial.
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The obelisk portion of the gnomon of Saint-Sulpice Church, with the meridian line in the middle The Gnomon of Saint-Sulpice is an astronomical measurement device located in the Church of Saint-Sulpice (Église Saint-Sulpice) in Paris, France. It is a gnomon, a device designed to cast a shadow on the ground in order to determine the position of the sun in the sky. In early modern times, other gnomons were also built in several Italian and French churches in order to better calculate astronomical events. Those churches are Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, San Petronio in Bologna, and the Church of the Certosa in Rome.
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Muslim scholars invented and refined a number of scientific instruments in mathematical geography and cartography. These included the astrolabe, quadrant, gnomon, celestial sphere, sundial, and compass.
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Bengel, J. A., Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on Philippians 1, accessed 8 June 2020 Similarly Paul writes to the Thessalonians: Rejoice always; pray without ceasing.
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Polar alignment is the act of aligning the rotational axis of a telescope's equatorial mount or a sundial's gnomon with a celestial pole to parallel Earth's axis.
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As the dial is now 0° 6′ 49″, or about 1/10th of a degree south- the nose of the gnomon needs to be raised by that amount.
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Melbourne Planetarium In polar dials, the shadow-receiving plane is aligned parallel to the gnomon-style. Thus, the shadow slides sideways over the surface, moving perpendicularly to itself as the Sun rotates about the style. As with the gnomon, the hour-lines are all aligned with the Earth's rotational axis. When the Sun's rays are nearly parallel to the plane, the shadow moves very quickly and the hour lines are spaced far apart.
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Indeed, a gnomon required adjustments from a place to another because of the difference in latitude. In his time, the gnomon was simply a vertical pillar or rod mounted on a horizontal plane. The position of its shadow on the plane indicated the time of day. As it moves through its apparent course, the Sun draws a curve with the tip of the projected shadow, which is shortest at noon, when pointing due south.
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Gnomon (2017) deals with a state that exerts ubiquitous surveillance on its population. A detective investigates a murder through unconventional methods that leads to questions about her society's very nature.
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Soma Plume is a large island, twice the size of Gnomon. It houses the Great Noahic Ziggurat, a place that has been used for burial of the dead for many generations.
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Analemmatic sundial on a meridian line in the garden of the Herkenrode Abbey in Hasselt (Flanders in Belgium) Analemmatic sundial at Saint-Etienne, France in which the user's head forms the gnomon of the dial Analemmatic sundials are a type of horizontal sundial that has a vertical gnomon and hour markers positioned in an elliptical pattern. The gnomon is not fixed and must change position daily to accurately indicate time of day. Hence there are no hour lines on the dial and the time of day is read only on the ellipse."Analemmatic sundials: How to build one and why they work", C.J. Budd and C.J. Sangwin, maths.org, 1 June 2000 As with most sundials, analemmatic sundials mark solar time rather than clock time.
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A very similar setup was illustrated in 1645 in Athanasius Kircher's influential book Ars Magna Lucis Et Umbrae. Around 1575 Italian Dominican priest, mathematician, astronomer, and cosmographer Ignazio Danti designed a camera obscura gnomon and a meridian line for the Basilica of Santa Maria Novella, Florence and he later had a massive gnomon built in the San Petronio Basilica in Bologna. The gnomon was used to study the movements of the sun during the year and helped in determining the new Gregorian calendar for which Danti took place in the commission appointed by Pope Gregorius XIII and instituted in 1582. In his 1585 book Diversarum Speculationum Mathematicarum Venetian mathematician Giambattista Benedetti proposed to use a mirror in a 45-degree angle to project the image upright.
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If the shadow-casting gnomon is aligned with the celestial poles, its shadow will revolve at a constant rate, and this rotation will not change with the seasons. This is the most common design. In such cases, the same hour lines may be used throughout the year. The hour-lines will be spaced uniformly if the surface receiving the shadow is either perpendicular (as in the equatorial sundial) or circular about the gnomon (as in the armillary sphere).
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Wer war was vor und nach 1945. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Zweite aktualisierte Auflage, Frankfurt am Main 2005, S. 111.Gnomon. Kritische Zeitschrift für die gesamte klassische Altertumswissenschaft. 1949, Band 21, S. 378.
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Bird Karma has met positive reception. It won the Audience Award at the 2018 San Francisco International Film Festival, and was lauded when screened at CalArts, Gnomon and the CTN Animation Expo.
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The American Mathematical Monthly, volume 36, no. 1 (Jan., 1929), pp. 32–34 (JSTOR) Gnomon is the name for the L-shaped figure consisting of the two overlapping parallelograms ABFI and AHGD.
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In the churchyard is a stone sundial dated 1776. It consists of a square baluster-shaped pedestal with a brass plate. The gnomon is missing. The sundial is listed at Grade II.
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R. Jakobi, Gnomon 73, 2001, 407. The text sets out the rights of a parasite (a hanger-on) for injuries sustained at a feast, humorously phrased in the formal language of Roman laws.
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Cranmer Park is a Denver city parkFind a Denver Park located in the Hilltop neighborhood off of Colorado Boulevard between East 1st and East 3rd Avenue. It is most famous for a large sundial, which does double duty as a climbing appliance for children. An inscription at the base describes the axis of the gnomon as elevated 39°43' in the direction of polar north. The stone is perpendicular to the gnomon at 50°17', which makes it parallel to the equator.
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The sculpture is composed of two bronze semicircles, one set inside and at right angles to the other and a slim bronze rod that extends from one end of the outer semicircle to the other that serves as the gnomon (indicator). The bowstring equatorial sundial derives its name from the appearance of the shadow-casting gnomon, which resembles a bow string. The shadow of the rod projects onto the inner semicircle, which serves as the dial face (or dial plate), to mark the time of day when there is sufficient sunlight to produce shadows. A standard unmodified equatorial sundial Over the course of the year different sections of the rod serve as the style, which is the part of the gnomon that indicates the time by casting its shadow on the dial face.
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Ršp was an important Ugaritic deity. He had the byname of tġr špš "door-warden of the Sun".Wolfgang Fauth: Rezension von: Wolfgang Helck: Betrachtungen zur Großen Göttin und den ihr verbundenen Gottheiten. In: Gnomon.
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When the solar time is exactly noon, or known from another clock, the instrument can be used to determine the time of year. The meridional ring can function as the gnomon, when the rings are used as a sundial. A horizontal line aligned on a meridian with a gnomon facing the noon-sun is termed a meridian line and does not indicate the time, but instead the day of the year. Historically they were used to accurately determine the length of the solar year.
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The sundial features a small Art Deco bronze gnomon sculpture of a female dancer trailed by a wind- blown gown and flowing scarves at its center. The gnomon sculpture was crafted by sculptor Paul Manship, who created the 18-foot (5.5 m)-tall bronze gilded Prometheus statue at Rockefeller Center.István Hargittai, Magdolna Hargittai (2017). New York Scientific; A Culture of Inquiry, Knowledge, and Learning Incised in the bench and paving three semicircular arced lines match the bench shelf’s shadow lines at 10:00 a.m.
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They were constructed with a hinged gnomon, whose angle could be adjusted for the latitude; the latitude was indicated by the beak of a bird. The gnomon was held in place by a rivet which was displayed by the birds eye, and thumbscrew. The dial plate would have three chapter rings for 44°, 48° and 52° which would be sufficiently accurate to be used between 35° and 60° (roughly between Gibraltar to the Shetland Isles). There would also be a compass and a plumb bob.
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For this, he commissioned the English clockmaker Henry Sully to build the gnomon. The equation of time -- above the axis the sundial will appear fast when compared with a clock, and below it the sundial will appear slow. The gnomon could also have been used to properly time clocks by properly defining mean time. Mean time (the time used in clocks) is only an average of true time (the time deduced from the apparent motions of the Sun in the sky, and shown, approximately, by a sundial).
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Bonfante, Larissa. "Margarete Bieber." Gnomon 51 (September 1979), pp. 621–624. After several unsuccessful attempts, her postdoctoral was finally approved in 1919 and she became an associate professor in classical archaeology at the University of Giessen.
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"Review: Bronze Age Anthropomorphic Figurines in the Cesnola Collection at the Metropolitan Museum of Art by Andreas G. Orphanides". Gnomon, pp. 566–567. C. H. Beck. Retrieved 15 January 2019 . He received his PhD in 1986.
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If a horizontal-plate sundial is made for the latitude in which it is being used, and if it is mounted with its plate horizontal and its gnomon pointing to the celestial pole that is above the horizon, then it shows the correct time in apparent solar time. Conversely, if the directions of the cardinal points are initially unknown, but the sundial is aligned so it shows the correct apparent solar time as calculated from the reading of a clock, its gnomon shows the direction of True North or South, allowing the sundial to be used as a compass. The sundial can be placed on a horizontal surface, and rotated about a vertical axis until it shows the correct time. The gnomon will then be pointing to the North, in the northern hemisphere, or to the South in the southern hemisphere.
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A gnomon or style is set to point at the celestial north pole, the shadow of the sun is thrown onto the dial plate and will appear at the same position each day of the year, and this position can be calculated using trigonometry, or drawn using geometric construction. In the world of sundials some of the technical terms use an old form of language, so the angle to which the style is set is called the style height. The style height is identical to the geographical latitude, and in London this was 51 degrees 30 minutes or 51.50 degrees, which roughly corresponds with Westminster Bridge. The gnomon has thickness, and thus two shadow throwing edges (the styles) one for the morning and one for the afternoon, there is a gap left on the dialplate the width of the gnomon.
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If the gnomon (the shadow-casting object) is not an edge but a point (e.g., a hole in a plate), the shadow (or spot of light) will trace out a curve during the course of a day. If the shadow is cast on a plane surface, this curve will be a conic section (usually a hyperbola), since the circle of the Sun's motion together with the gnomon point define a cone. At the spring and fall equinoxes, the cone degenerates into a plane and the hyperbola into a line.
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Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (IA CASS) An internal rammed-earth wall separated the residential and ceremonial areas of the elite from the areas inhabited by commoners, signifying the development of a stratified society.He 2013; Ren 1998; Zhongguo et al. 2005 A painted stick discovered from a prehistoric dating from 2300 BCE excavated at the astronomical site of Taosi is the oldest gnomon known in China. The gnomon was widely used in ancient China from the second century BC onward in order determine the changes in seasons, orientation, and geographical latitude.
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The sundial (needed to correct the church clock) dates from 1672. It was improved in 1771 but the gnomon is missing. The forerunner of the Hearse House was built in 1728. The present Hearse House dates from 1852.
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Jantar Mantar in Jaipur, India. Jantar Mantar in Jaipur, India, 1928. Jantar Mantar in New Delhi, India. The Jantar Mantar is an equinoctial sundial, consisting of a gigantic triangular gnomon with the hypotenuse parallel to the Earth's axis.
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Projection of the shadow of the gnomon at the equinox. Cayambe (volcano) can be seen behind, the only place where the Equator passes through a glacier. Also, it is the highest point on the Equator in the world.
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A peg gnomon is inserted at the top in the appropriate hole or face for the season of the year, and turned to the Sun so that the shadow falls directly down the scale. Its end displays the time.
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In the churchyard is a stone sundial dated 1765 with a copper dial and gnomon. This is listed Grade II, as is the lych gate. This is dated 1887 and consists of a timber frame with a slate roof.
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Formed out of concrete and delineated with rocks, shells, glass, bronze and many other materials, the sundial tells time by using the body of the visitor as the gnomon. The viewer's shadow tells the time of day and the season.
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It is believed that the Duke of Zhou (c. 1042 BC) had erected at this place a Ceyingtai (observatory measuring the shade or gnomon) to observe the Sun. His interest in mathematics, astronomy/astrology is reported in the Zhoubi Suanjing.
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In the churchyard, standing on an outcrop of rock, is an 18th-century stone sundial. This consists of a square pier with a moulded base and cap. The plate and gnomon are missing. The sundial is listed at Grade II.
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Cole co- authored the book D'artiste Matte Painting: Digital Artists Master Class in which he shares of his work process and industry experiences throughout his career, and through the Gnomon Workshop has released instructional DVDs featuring his digital matte painting techniques.
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The Paris Meridian actually passes about 100 metres east of the gnomon,Tim O'Neill, History versus The Da Vinci Code. which according to Sharan Newman and a sign in the church was "never called a Rose-Line".Sharan Newman, The Real History Behind The Da Vinci Code, Berkley Publishing Group, 2005, p. 268. A St Sulpice booklet dating from 2000, in the pages about the history of the gnomon, describes the brass line as "a meridian"; it does not use the term Roseline or Rose Line.Paul Roumanet, Saint-Sulpice, Paroisse Saint-Sulpice, 2000 (English translation by Laurence Terrien), pp 23-26.
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Such a sundial can be adjusted to any latitude by tilting it so its gnomon is parallel to the Earth's axis of rotation. A common error states that if both dials show the same time, the instrument is oriented correctly and faces north (in the northern hemisphere). A Diptych made as stated as a combined vertical and horizontal sundial with a string gnomon will show the same time on both dials regardless of orientation. This property of self alignment is only true for diptychs historically in the case for a combination of an analemmatic and a vertical sundial.
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With a knot or bead on the string as a nodus, and the correct markings, a diptych (really any sundial large enough) can keep a calendar well-enough to plant crops. A common error describes the diptych dial as self-aligning. This is not correct for diptych dials consisting of a horizontal and vertical dial using a string gnomon between faces, no matter the orientation of the dial faces. Since the string gnomon is continuous, the shadows must meet at the hinge; hence, any orientation of the dial will show the same time on both dials.
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In a parallelogram ABCD with a point P on the diagonal AC the parallel to AD through P intersects the side CD in G and the side AB in H. Similarly the parallel to the side AB through P intersects the side AD in I and the side BC in F. The theorem of the gnomon now states, that the parallelograms HBFP and IPGD have equal areas.Lorenz Halbeisen, Norbert Hungerbühler, Juan Läuchli: Mit harmonischen Verhältnissen zu Kegelschnitten: Perlen der klassischen Geometrie. Springer 2016, , pp. 190-191William J. Hazard: Generalizations of the Theorem of Pythagoras and Euclid's Theorem of the Gnomon.
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Their major innovation was a modified, more precise gnomon that allowed for the division of night time into 50 parts, with an additional two "twilight hours" in the morning and evening. The shadow clock gnomon was made up of a long stem divided into six parts, as well as an elevated crossbar that cast a shadow over the marks. This early clock was positioned eastward in the morning, while at noon it was rotated to face west to measure shadows cast by the setting sun. The concept of measured shadows were adapted into larger, more public designs in the form of obelisks.
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Gnomon is a 2017 science fiction novel by British author Nick Harkaway. The book deals with a state that exerts ubiquitous surveillance on its population. A detective investigates a murder through unconventional methods that leads to questions about her society's very nature.
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To read the correct time, the gnomon must also be moved northwards by a distance : Y = R \tan \alpha \tan \delta \, where R is the radius of the Foster-Lambert dial and δ again indicates the Sun's declination for that time of year.
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Decoration included a ropework border, and scrolls at the end of the chapter ring. ;1580s :Simple punched dials- for use by the less wealthy, though the gnomon started to have a complex shape. ;1590 :Isaack Symmes, a 'gouldsmith'(sic) was producing dials.
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They are designated at Grade II. There is a sundial south of the church. The dial, which sits on an octagonal stone shaft, is dated 1657. The plate and gnomon are brass. The sundial has also been given a Grade II listing.
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The two study it for a period of time, until finally Sydney announces, "Can't you see it, man? You're already a Master! We're both Masters!" The two separate to set up their own Gnomon branches, Lamar in America and Sydney in Europe.
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The gnomon was a string between the two faces. When the string was tight, the two faces formed both a vertical and horizontal sundial. These were made of white ivory, inlaid with black lacquer markings. The gnomons were black braided silk, linen or hemp string.
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In other cases, the hour-lines are not spaced evenly, even though the shadow rotates uniformly. If the gnomon is not aligned with the celestial poles, even its shadow will not rotate uniformly, and the hour lines must be corrected accordingly. The rays of light that graze the tip of a gnomon, or which pass through a small hole, or reflect from a small mirror, trace out a cone aligned with the celestial poles. The corresponding light-spot or shadow-tip, if it falls onto a flat surface, will trace out a conic section, such as a hyperbola, ellipse or (at the North or South Poles) a circle.
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In such cases, there may be multiple sets of hour lines for different months, or there may be mechanisms for setting/calculating the month. In addition to the hour lines, the dial face may offer other data—such as the horizon, the equator and the tropics—which are referred to collectively as the dial furniture. The entire object that casts a shadow or light onto the dial face is known as the sundial's gnomon. However, it is usually only an edge of the gnomon (or another linear feature) that casts the shadow used to determine the time; this linear feature is known as the sundial's style.
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With Christendom confined to the Northern Hemisphere, the tide dials were often carved vertically onto the south side of the church chancel at eye level near the priest's door. In an abbey or large monastery, dials were carefully carved into the stone walls, while in rural churches they were very often just scratched onto the wall. Some tide dials have a stone gnomon, but many have a circular hole which is used to hold a more easily replaced or adjusted wooden gnomon. These gnomons were perpendicular to the wall and cast a shadow upon the dial, a semicircle divided into a number of equal sectors.
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Mark states that the Passover was two days away, although Lutheran pietist Johann Bengel argues in his Gnomon of the New Testament that μετὰ δυὸ ἡμέρας (meta duo hēmeras) in means "on the following day".Bengel, J. A., Gnomon of the New Testament on Mark 14 If the Passover was on Friday (Good Friday) then this happened on Wednesday, the day celebrated by Christians as Holy Wednesday. Mark states that the chief priests were looking for a way "by craft",: Geneva Bible wording or "by trickery" to arrest Jesus. They determine not to do it during the feast, because they were afraid that the people would riot.
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The gnomon (in the background) and the brass line on the floor In 1727, Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy, then priest of Saint-Sulpice, requested the construction of a gnomon in the church as part of its new construction, to help him determine the time of the equinoxes and hence of Easter.Easter Sunday is to be celebrated on the first Sunday following the full moon after the spring equinox. A meridian line of brass was inlaid across the floor and ascending a white marble obelisk, nearly eleven metres high, at the top of which is a sphere surmounted by a cross. The obelisk is dated 1743.
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Gnomon structure at Saint Sulpice The gnomon of Saint-Sulpice is composed of different parts that span the breadth of the transept of the church. The Church itself is a huge building, the second largest church in Paris after Notre-Dame de Paris. The system is first built around a meridian, a line which is strictly oriented along the north-south axis, represented by a brass line set in a strip of white marble on the floor of the church. This is not the Paris Meridian, established by Louis XIV in 1667, which is located a few hundred metres to the east and goes through the Observatory of Paris.
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Golden triangle bisected in Robinson triangles: a golden triangle and a golden gnomon. Regular pentagram. Each corner is a golden triangle. The figure also contains five "big" golden gnomons, made by joining to the "small" central pentagon two corners that are not adjacent to each other.
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When Wei and Shen made a public demonstration using the gnomon to prove the doubtful wrong, the other ministers reluctantly agreed to correct the lunar and solar errors.Sivin (1995), II, 72. Despite this success, they eventually dismissed Wei and Shen's tables of planetary motions.Sivin (1995), III, 7.
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In a 12th-century text titled Mappae clavicula there are instructions on how to perform the weighings in the water in order to calculate the percentage of silver used, and thus solve the problem.Dilke, Oswald A. W. 1990. [Untitled]. Gnomon 62(8):697–99. .Berthelot, Marcel. 1891.
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Eine Untersuchung zur römischen und frühbyzantinischen Bildniskunst. In: Gnomon 77/2005, Verlag C.H. Beck, München 2005, 350ff. 42: Meischner, J. Die Skulpturen des Hatay Museums von Antakya, Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Museums, Band 118, 2003, 285-384. Verlag Walter de Gruyter, Berlin. 41: Meischner, J. [Rez.
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The gnomon sculpture was crafted by sculptor Paul Manship.István Hargittai, Magdolna Hargittai (2017). New York Scientific; A Culture of Inquiry, Knowledge, and Learning Gugler collaborated with architect Henry J. Toombs on Georgia Hall (1932–33), the main building of Franklin D. Roosevelt's Warm Springs Institute in Warm Springs, Georgia.
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The Air Force and Strategic Detterence 1951–1960. USAF historical division Liaison Office by George F. Lemmer 1967, p. 13. Formerly restricted data . Apparently there were three of these US designs analyzed in the gigaton (1,000-megaton) range; LLNL's GNOMON and SUNDIAL – objects that cast shadows – and LANL's "TAV".
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The 2nd- century Chinese book Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art claims gnomons were used by the Duke of Zhou (11th century BC). Laërtius, Diogenes. "Life of Anaximander". The ancient Greek mathematician and astronomer Oenopides used the phrase drawn gnomon-wise to describe a line drawn perpendicular to another.
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Winners have acknowledged gratitude to the prize committee in subsequent publications the prize has facilitated. The prize was first awarded in 1982, and historically, winners have been announced in the German review journal, Gnomon. Winners have included Professor Robin Osborne, Professor Armand D'Angour and Dr Charles Crowther.Osborne, Robin.
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From 2005-2014, Pugh taught design courses at Art Center College of Design, including Originality and Digital Rendering and Pitch Development. In addition, Pugh is the creator of a series created with the Gnomon Workshop] on the topics of creature design illustration, environment rendering, and originality in design.
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In the churchyard is a sundial dated 1808. It is in sandstone, and is octagonal on an octagonal base, with a sunken lancet panel on each side. The base and the cap are moulded, and on the top is an inscribed brass plate and a gnomon, also in brass.
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He became the chief advisor of hydraulics, mathematics, and astronomy for Kublai Khan.Kleeman. Guo began to construct astronomical observation devices. He has been credited with inventing the gnomon, the square table, the abridged or simplified armilla, and a water powered armillary sphere called the Ling Long Yi. The gnomon is used to measure the angle of the sun, determine the seasons, and is the basis of the sundial, but Guo Shoujing revised this device to become much more accurate and improved the ability to tell time more precisely. The square table was used to measure the azimuth of celestial bodies by the equal altitude method and could also be used as protractor.
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The angles of the remaining obtuse isosceles triangle AXC (sometimes called the golden gnomon) are 36°-36°-108°. Suppose XB has length 1, and we call BC length . Because of the isosceles triangles XC=XA and BC=XC, so these are also length φ. Length AC = AB, therefore equals + 1\.
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Archaeologists have found two devices which they interpret as navigation instruments. Both appear to be sundials with gnomon curves etched on a flat surface. The devices are small enough to be held flat in the hand at diameter. A wooden version dated to about 1000 AD was found in Greenland.
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Nicholas Cornwell (born 1972), better known by his pen name Nick Harkaway is a British novelist and commentator. He is the author of the novels The Gone-Away World, Angelmaker, Tigerman, and Gnomon; and a non-fiction study of the digital world, The Blind Giant: Being Human in a Digital World.
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19th-century Tibetan Shepherd's Timestick A shepherd's dial – also known as a shepherd's column dial, pillar dial, cylinder dial or chilindre – is a portable cylindrical sundial with a knife-like gnomon that juts out perpendicularly.Rohr (1965), pp. 109–111; Waugh (1973), pp. 150–154; Mayall and Mayall, pp. 162–166.
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Funerary monument of Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy in Eglise Saint-Sulpice. The monument to Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy. Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy (1674–1750) was parish priest at Eglise Saint-Sulpice in Paris from 1714 to 1748. He was the initiator of the construction of the Gnomon of Saint- Sulpice.
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Southern-hemisphere sundial in Perth, Australia. Magnify to see that the hour marks run anticlockwise. Note graph above the gnomon of the Equation of Time, needed to correct sundial readings. A sundial at a particular latitude in one hemisphere must be reversed for use at the opposite latitude in the other hemisphere.
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The Sundial was installed in 1833 under the 6th Governor of Taganrog, Baron Otto Germanovich Frank. In 1972, in 1990, and in 2006―2007 the sundial was redecorated, the gnomon was replaced several times and so now the sundial works somewhat inaccurately. Taganrog Sundial is now the oldest currently existing sundial in Russia.
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The Daily Gazette, March 21, 2003, p. D2. Retrieved on June 16, 2013. Space Chimps, Rio and Ice Age: Continental Drift. He has taught and consulted on animation, story, storytelling and storyboarding at the New York Institute of Technology, University of California, Los Angeles, Gnomon School of Visual Effects and Walt Disney Imagineering.
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The church is Hiberno-Romanesque and simple in design. The west doorway has simple bead moulding, as do the four corners of the gables. The door in the south may have led to the sacristy. High in the northwest corner is a corbel called the "clock-stone", perhaps the gnomon of a sundial.
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In the churchyard is a sandstone sundial dated 1683, with a brass gnomon and plate. It has been listed at Grade II. Also listed at Grade II is a cross of 1897 with a 14th-century head, again in sandstone. It has a square base, which broaches to a tapering octagonal shaft.
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In the churchyard is a red sandstone sundial dated 1684. It has a square shaft, the head is weathered and the gnomon is missing. The sundial is a Grade II listed structure. The churchyard also contains many carved gravestones from the 17th to the 19th centuries, and the table tomb of Fletcher Christian's father Charles.
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Diptych sundial in the form of a lute, circa 1612. A face was on the inside of each leaf. One leaf formed a vertical sundial, the other a horizontal sundial. The shadow caster, or gnomon was a string between them, and calibrated as to how far they should open, as the angle is critical.
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Our gnomon has to be a metron between political, strategic and philanthropic scopes. Political magic has always been anti-economic. In an epoch characterized by monopolies, oligopolies, monopsonies, monopolistic antagonism and polymorphous inelasticities, our policies have to be more orthological. But this should not be metamorphosed into plethorophobia, which is endemic among academic economists.
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Mathematical treatises included the Book on Numbers and Computation (Suan shu shu) The Arithmetical Classic of the Gnomon and the Circular Paths of Heaven (Zhoubi Suanjing), and the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art (Jiuzhang Suanshu).Liu et al. (2003), 9; Needham (1986), Volume 3, 24-25; Cullen (2007), 138-149; Dauben (2007), 213-214.
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Another relevant Luwian deity was . The Carian god Imbramos or Imbrasos (Ἴμβρασος) which Stephanus of Byzantium identified with Hermes, probably belongs to this group of deities as well. In the Luwian-Phoenician Karatepe Bilingual Runtiya is identified with Resheph (ršp ṣprm "Rašap of the he-goats" or "Rašap of the birds").Wolfgang Fauth: Gnomon.
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A wire wrapped around the end of the twig hangs straight down to the base, where it is affixed. A bronze spider is affixed to the wire in the correct place to act as the gnomon of the sundial. (The wire, twig, and spider are restorations from 2004.)Indianapolis Museum of Art. Sundial, Boy With Spider, Acc.
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Three Han mathematical treatises still exist. These are the Book on Numbers and Computation, the Arithmetical Classic of the Gnomon and the Circular Paths of Heaven and the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art. Han-era mathematical achievements include solving problems with right-angle triangles, square roots, cube roots, and matrix methods,; . finding more accurate approximations for pi,; .
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In the churchyard is a stone sundial of unusual design dating probably from the 18th century. It consists of a circular plinth on a circular stone step which carries a battered cruciform stem with an octagonal cap. The dial and gnomon are copper. It is listed Grade II. At the churchyard gate is an 18th-century mounting block.
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The staff workroom was also expanded, utilising the former stage as floorspace. These renovations led to the library winning another NZIA medal in 2004 in the Heritage and Conservation category. In 2006, there was some debate about the gnomon on the sundial installed outside the library being set in the wrong direction, and therefore not working.
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Since the hour angles are not evenly spaced, the equation of time corrections cannot be made via rotating the dial plate about the gnomon axis. These types of dials usually have an equation of time correction tabulation engraved on their pedestals or close by. Horizontal dials are commonly seen in gardens, churchyards and in public areas.
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London type horizontal dial. The western edge of the gnomon is used as the style before noon, the eastern edge after that time. The changeover causes a discontinuity, the noon gap, in the time scale. In general, sundials indicate the time by casting a shadow or throwing light onto a surface known as a dial face or dial plate.
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Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on Luke 6, accessed 4 June 2018 Some scholars believe that the Sermon on the Mount and the Sermon on the Plain are the same sermon, while others hold that Jesus frequently preached similar themes in different places.Ehrman 2004, p. 101 Luke will later relate the six woes of the Pharisees.
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In the churchyard is a sandstone sundial dated possibly 1764. It consists of a chamfered shaft with octagonal cap, on top of which is a brass plate and gnomon. It is listed at Grade II. The churchyard also contains the war graves of nineteen service personnel, four of World War I and fifteen of World War II.
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In 1917, a mysterious beggar gifts Lamar Jimmerson the Codex Pappus, a handwritten book allegedly containing the secrets of Atlantis. The beggar initiates Lamar into the Gnomon Society, tells him of their current Master of Gnomons—Pletho Pappus. In 1919, Lamar travels to Malta, in search of Pappus. Instead, he meets Sydney Hen and shares the Codex with him.
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The various native names for these mountains include Parapamisos, Hemodos and Himaos (the Himalayas). Beyond Hemodos, lies Scythia inhabited by the Scythians known as Sakai. Besides Scythia, the countries of Bactria and Ariana border India. At the extreme point of India, the gnomon of the sundial often casts no shadow, and the Ursa Major is invisible at night.
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In the south wall, from the east are a six-light window set higher than the others, a doorway into the chancel, and three windows with Y-tracery. On the middle buttress are three scratch dials and the gnomon of a former sundial. The porch is timber- framed on a brick base. Above the doorway, in the gable, are three wooden niches.
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It is surmounted by a brass pyramidal pivot and a glass plate covers all. A brass ring over the rim of the compass carries a degree circle numbered in 'abjad' numerals and the cardinal points are marked. The folding triangular gnomon is supported by a decorative open-work motif. The lid of the box is secured by a hook fastener.
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Delia, p.32 All of these changes amounted to the Greeks being treated as an ally in Egypt and the native Egyptians were treated as a conquered race. The Gnomon of the Idios Logos shows the connection between law and status. It lays out the revenues it deals with, mainly fines and confiscation of property, to which only a few groups were apt.
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The ideas of Anaximander (c. 610–545 BC): considered by later Greek writers to be the true founder of geography, come to us through fragments quoted by his successors. Anaximander is credited with the invention of the gnomon, the simple, yet efficient Greek instrument that allowed the early measurement of latitude. Thales is also credited with the prediction of eclipses.
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The tip of the shadow indicates the time on the cylinder. The hour curves inscribed on the cylinder permit one to read the time. Shepherd's dials are sometimes hollow, so that the gnomon can fold within when not in use. The shepherd's dial is evoked in Shakespeare's Henry VI, Part 3 (Act 2, Scene 5, Lines 21-29), among other works of literature.
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The Grade II listed sundial in the churchyard Approximately south-east of the church porch is a sandstone pedestal sundial, undated, but probably from the 18th century. It has a gadrooned base with a fluted collar. The plate and gnomon are coper and the plate is inscribed with "Dum spectes fugio". The sundial has been given a Grade II designation from English Heritage.
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The town itself sits at the base of the Dial Range, a small mountain range that also borders Riana and Gunns Plains. The four mountains with popular hiking trails within the Penguin vicinity include Mount Montgomery, Mount Dial, Mount Gnomon, and Mount Duncan. The Penguin District School four house names reference the mountains. Penguin General Cemetery, over looks Bass Strait.
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The T was oriented eastward in the mornings. At noon, the device was turned around so that it could cast its shadow in the evening direction.Barnett, Jo Ellen Time's Pendulum: The Quest to Capture Time – from Sundials to Atomic Clocks Plenum, 1998 p. 28 A sundial uses a gnomon to cast a shadow on a set of markings calibrated to the hour.
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Lamar opens several Gnomon Temples in America, which attracts conman, Austin Popper. Austin gains power in Lamar's temple and tries to popularize Gnominism in public appearances. In 1940, Lamar formally "humbles" Austin, restricting him to menial work. This does not stop Sydney, who after a dramatic return, attempts to delegitimize the American branch of Gnomonism, in response to out of control "Popperism".
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The gnomon was built at the initiative of Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy, the parish priest at Saint-Sulpice from 1714 to 1748.Rougé, pp.7-12The real history behind the Da Vinci code Sharan Newman p.267 Languet de Gergy initially wished to establish the exact astronomical time in order to ring the bells at the most appropriate time of day.
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Rougé, pp.15-19 The building of the gnomon inside the Church of Saint-Sulpice occurred at a time when Rome was relaxing its stance against the theories of Galileo Galilei, as his works were being printed in Rome with the agreement of the Holy See, and in 1757 the Pope removed the works of Galileo from the Index Librorum Prohibitorum.
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A schema for horizontal dials is a set of instructions used to construct horizontal sundials using compass and straightedge construction techniques, which were widely used in Europe from the late fifteenth century to the late nineteenth century. The common horizontal sundial is a geometric projection of an equatorial sundial onto a horizontal plane. The special properties of the polar-pointing gnomon (axial gnomon) were first known to the Moorish astronomer Abdul Hassan Ali in the early thirteenth century and this led the way to the dial-plates, with which we are familiar, dial plates where the style and hour lines have a common root. Through the centuries artisans have used different methods to markup the hour lines sundials using the methods that were familiar to them, in addition the topic has fascinated mathematicians and become a topic of study.
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In the churchyard is a sundial dating from the 18th century which consists of an octagonal shaft on square steps. The shaft has a square dial on a square stone head and a gnomon is present. It is listed Grade II. The lychgate dated around 1896 is also listed Grade II. The churchyard also contains the war grave of a Royal Navy officer of World War II.
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It is 9.46 meters high by itself, and 12.62 meters high if the 2 cabinets on the top are included. The somewhat unconventional gnomon is a bar mounted horizontally between the 2 cabinets. The shigui extending to the far north is 31.19 meters long and 0.53 meters wide. It is made up of 36 square stones with two parallel waterways on it to check its levelness.
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A stone version was also found at Vatnahverfi, Greenland. By looking at the place where the shadow from the rod falls on a carved curve, a navigator is able to sail along a line of latitude. Both gnomon curve devices show the curve for 61° north very prominently. This was the approximate latitude that the Vikings would have sailed along to get to Greenland from Scandinavia.
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Most equiangular sundials have a fixed gnomon style aligned with the Earth's rotational axis, as well as a shadow-receiving surface that is symmetrical about that axis; examples include the equatorial dial, the equatorial bow, the armillary sphere, the cylindrical dial and the conical dial. However, other designs are equiangular, such as the Lambert dial, a version of the analemmatic sundial with a moveable style.
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In particular, the "simplified instrument" (jianyi) and the large gnomon at the Gaocheng Astronomical Observatory show traces of Islamic influence. While formulating the Shoushili calendar in 1281, Shoujing's work in spherical trigonometry may have also been partially influenced by Islamic mathematics, which was largely accepted at Kublai's court.Ho, Peng Yoke. (2000). Li, Qi, and Shu: An Introduction to Science and Civilization in China, p. 105.
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The Etruscan corpus is edited in the Corpus Inscriptionum Etruscarum (CIE) and Thesaurus Linguae Etruscae (TLE).Massimo Pallottino, Maristella Pandolfini Angeletti, Thesaurus linguae Etruscae, Volume 1 (1978); review by A. J. Pfiffig in Gnomon 52.6 (1980), 561–563. Supplements in 1984, 1991 and 1998. A 2nd revised edition by Enrico Benelli appeared in 2009; review by G. van Heems, Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2010.01.
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Several claims about the Church of Saint-Sulpice in Paris are disputed. While there is a brass line running north–south through the church, it is not a part of the Paris Meridian. The line is instead more of a gnomon or sundial/calendar, meant to mark the solstice and equinoxes. Further, there is no evidence that there was ever a temple of Isis on the site.
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This island is riddled with the ruins of temples and Oracles. On many parts of the island, the air is full of "whispering voices", all sounding at once. Many roads on the island lead nowhere; thus leading to the speculation that Gnomon was once part of the island of Soma Plume. Whether this would violate the accepted correspondence of hours to islands is not revealed.
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In the churchyard, to the south of the church, is a sundial dated 1708. It is in sandstone, and consists of a square base with three steps, supporting a square fluted Doric column with a base and a capital. On the top is a round brass plate with a gnomon. On the side of the sundial is a plaque inscribed with initials and the date.
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The graveyard contains two cross slabs and two bullaun stones. An stone sundial (c. 1200) was formerly in the graveyard of Clone Church, a remnant of the old monastery where a clock was needed so that the Liturgy of the Hours could be recited at the correct times. There are twelve hour-lines and a hole for the gnomon, and another hole above it of unknown purpose.
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Austin makes a couple returns, after long unexplained absences. In his first return he schemes to help Lamar run for public office, but is once more chased off by Agent White. In Austin's second return, he helps Lamar and the remaining Gnomonists move out of the crumbling temple. He takes them to Texas, where they are hosted by longtime Gnomon Pillar leader Morehead Moaler.
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In the churchyard is a sundial dated 1790. It consists of a copper dial and gnomon on a sandstone stem standing on a base of three round steps. It is listed at Grade II. Also listed Grade II is a tomb to the memory of the Wright family dating from around 1806. It consists of a truncated obelisk on a panelled square plinth in grey stone.
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It consists of a circular platform of 177.64 ft (54 m) in diameter which forms a mosaic of light and dark pebbles drawing an eight-pointed star that indicates the solstices and equinoxes, plus intermediate lines pointing to the cardinal directions. In the center of this platform there is a 10 m (32.80 ft) high, 1.30 m (4.27 ft) diameter cylindrical orange tube which serves as a gnomon, pointing to the corresponding hours and months of the year in the platform according to the shadow cast by the Sun. The gnomon represents the metric system, based in the meter, which in its origin was intended to equal one ten- millionth of the quadrant of the Earth's circumference. The purpose of the color difference between the stones, apart from showing equinox and solstice lines, is to explain the meaning of albedo and its use in astronomical study.
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In the churchyard is a stone sundial from the late 18th century consisting of a vase baluster on a round step sitting on a square flagstone base with a copper dial and gnomon. Just outside the churchyard wall are stocks probably dating from the early 18th century. The churchyard also contains the war graves of six British servicemen, four of World War I and two of World War II.
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Perhaps most importantly, the terms and concepts of "orality" and "literacy" came to be replaced with the more useful and apt "traditionality" and "textuality".Davis, Adam Brooke. "Agon and Gnomon: Forms and Functions of the Anglo-Saxon Riddles" in De Gustibus: Essays for Alain Renoir. Ed John Miles Foley. NY: Garland, 1992 110-150 Very large units would be defined (The Indo-European Return Song)Foley, John Miles.
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Jeff studied at the Gnomon School of Visual Effects and at the Art Institute of Santa Monica. He collaborated in the visual effects of Avatar as a visual effects artist. Dotson is the founder of Dot & Effects, a Visual Effects Company for films, commercials, music videos & television. Throughout his career of more than half a decade Dotson has been featured on Weather Channel, FX Guide and Huffington Post.
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In the churchyard, to the south of the church is a sandstone sundial dating possibly from the early 19th century, and re- erected at the beginning of the 20th century. It has an octagonal sandstone base with five limestone columns and a circular sandstone top containing a brass gnomon. The sundial is listed at Grade II. The churchyard also contains the war graves of six World War I soldiers.
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In the church yard is a sundial (with the gnomon missing) dating probably from the early 19th century. It consists of a copper dial on a short tapered square gritstone shaft with a square head standing on a weathered red sandstone base. Churchwardens' initials are engraved on the dial. It is listed at Grade II. The churchyard contains the war grave of a First World War Canadian soldier.
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Embree (1997), 843.Temple (1986), 115. Alongside his colleague Wei Pu, Shen planned to map the orbital paths of the Moon and the planets in an intensive five-year project involving daily observations, yet this was thwarted by political opponents at court. To aid his work in astronomy, Shen Kuo made improved designs of the armillary sphere, gnomon, sighting tube, and invented a new type of inflow water clock.
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In the churchyard is a buff sandstone sundial. It consists of column baluster on a square base with a cap in a different stone. The copper plate and gnomon are inscribed with the date 1596 and two sets of lines and numbers. It is listed Grade II. The churchyard also contains the war graves of three soldiers, two of World War I and one of World War II.
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The cylindrical shepherd's dial can be unrolled into a flat plate. In one simple version,Waugh (1973), pp. 166–167. the front and back of the plate each have three columns, corresponding to pairs of months with roughly the same solar declination (June–July, May–August, April–September, March–October, February–November, and January–December). The top of each column has a hole for inserting the shadow- casting gnomon, a peg.
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A horizontal line aligned on a meridian with a gnomon facing the noon-sun is termed a meridian line and does not indicate the time, but instead the day of the year. Historically they were used to accurately determine the length of the solar year. Examples are the Bianchini meridian line in Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri in Rome, and the Cassini line in San Petronio Basilica at Bologna.
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Norman was one of the founders of the Briarpatch Network in 1974, with Richard Raymond and Michael Phillips. In 1977, his book of short stories Kinfolks, which received Berea College's Weatherford Award, was published by Gnomon Press. In 1979, Norman joined the faculty of the University of Kentucky as an associate professor of English. He served as Director of the English Department's Creative Writing Program from 2000 to 2014.
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In his preface, Wesley claimed that his notes were aimed at the "unlearned reader," and were meant to be anti-sectarian in nature.Smith p.110 He based his work on four earlier commentaries: Gnomon Novi Testamenti by Bengel, The Family Expositor by Philip Doddridge, The Practical Expositor by John Guyse and Theological Lectures by John Heylyn. Many parts of the commentary were merely transcriptions or translations of these texts.
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One of the five star maps published in 1092 AD for Su Song's horological and astronomical treatise, featuring Shen Kuo's corrected position of the pole star. Being the head official for the Bureau of Astronomy, Shen Kuo was an avid scholar of medieval astronomy, and improved the designs of several astronomical instruments. Shen is credited with making improved designs of the gnomon, armillary sphere, and clepsydra clock.Sivin (1995), III, 17.
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A typical shepherd's staff, with a gnomon that produces a shadow on a scale of months. A shepherd's dial (also known as a pillar dial or cylinder) is a type of sundial that measures the height of the sun via the so-called umbra versa.Claudia Kren, (1977), The Traveler's Dial in the Late Middle Ages: The Chilinder, Society for the History of Technology, Vol. 18, No. 3 (Jul.
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In its present form, the Baraita is composed of nine chapters, treating astronomy and astrology. The first chapter deals with the form of heaven, of Orion, of the Pleiades, of Draco, and of the planets and their light. The second and third treat of the movements of the moon and the course of the Zodiac. At the same time directions are given for adjusting the gnomon of a sun-dial.
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In the churchyard is a cross base which consists of a massive square sandstone block with a square socket partly occupied by a chamfered square shaft which may have once carried a cross. A sundial plate with a broken gnomon is attached to its top. It is listed at Grade II. The churchyard also contains the war graves of a soldier of World War I and another of World War II.
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Early in his career, Max spent time working as a Creative director for an advertising firm with brands including Coca-Cola, Henkel, and Procter & Gamble. He participated in Ukrainian national video projects such as: Pray for Ukraine, directed by Evgeny Afineevsky, Max moved to Los Angeles in 2014 where he began working on music videos, commercials and feature films. He studied visual effects production at Gnomon visual effects school.
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His theories largely remained undisputed until the 1960s. Jaeger founded two journals in 1925: Die Antike (1925–1944) and the influential review journal Gnomon (extant). Jaeger was the editor of the works of church father Gregory of Nyssa, Gregorii Nysseni Opera, editing Gregory's major work Contra Eunomium (1921, 1960). This edition is a major scholarly achievement and the philological foundation of the current studies on the Cappadocian Fathers.
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The windows are tall and round-arched with small glass panes in cast-iron frames. The original glass was clear and in some of the windows this has been replaced with 19th-century stained glass. The south porch is surmounted by a balustrade and approached by two stone steps. Above and to left of the porch is an inscribed sundial on the wall with a wrought- iron gnomon.
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The Carefree sundial was conceived and constructed by John Yellott of Phoenix, Arizona, the architect was Joe Wong. The dial's gnomon is wide and feet long, rising above Solar Plaza. It is encircled by cacti and stones surrounding a reflecting pool with golden lines and concrete Roman numerals to mark the time. Once it was visible from but a shopping-centre has developed around it, obscuring the view.
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Kevin Llewellyn was born in Ohio. He attended the Ringling College of Art and Design, and since has been a permanent resident of Los Angeles, California, where he continues to paint realistic portraits, full body portraits, and dark subject matter utilizing techniques of 17th-century painting masters. Kevin has taught art workshops at Gnomon, Wonderland LA,"Wonderland Gallery opening", Daily du Jour website. Retrieved June 1, 2011. ConceptArt.
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In the churchyard is a stone sundial dated 1726 consisting of a baluster-shaped shaft on two circular steps. On the top of this is an octagonal plate and a gnomon. The churchyard also contains the war graves of fourteen Commonwealth service personnel of World War I (the oldest being 74-year-old Lieutenant-Colonel W. Alexander of the Royal Army Medical Corps) and ten of World War II.
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In the churchyard is a sundial dating from the early 19th century in stone with a copper dial and gnomon. It is listed at Grade II. Also listed at Grade II is the lych gate dated 1887 designed by George Truefitt. It is timber-framed with a pyramidal clay tile roof on a brick plinth. Two sides have large semicircular arches; the other two sides are vertically studded.
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Gnomon in the Saint-Sulpice church The obelisk (in the background of the image), the meridian brass line on the floor Rose Line is a fictional name given to the Paris Meridian and to the sunlight line defining the exact time of Easter on the Gnomon of Saint-Sulpice, marked by a brass strip on the floor of the church, where the two are conflated, by Dan Brown in his 2003 novel The Da Vinci Code. Brown based this on material found in the Priory of Sion documents of the 1960s, where neither the Zero Meridian nor the sunlight line in St Sulpice are called Rose Line. Philippe de Cherisey in his 1967 novel Circuit claimed his girlfriend "Roseline" (Roseline Cartades, described as "A Machiavellian Virgin") was killed in a car crash and was buried in a beautiful tomb by the Zero Meridian.Taking into account what Philippe de Cherisey stated in Circuit and in Pierre et Papier (Stone and Paper).
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The other great work of Bengel, and that on which his reputation as an exegete is mainly based, is his Gnomon Novi Testamenti, or Exegetical Annotations on the New Testament, published in 1742. It was the fruit of twenty years labor, and exhibits with a brevity of expression, which, it has been said, condenses more matter into a line than can be extracted from pages of other writers, the results of his study. He modestly entitled his work a Gnomon or index, his object being rather to guide the reader to ascertain the meaning for himself, than to save him from the trouble of personal investigation. The principles of interpretation on which he proceeded were, to import nothing into Scripture, but to draw out of it everything that it really contained, in conformity with grammatico-historical rules not to be hampered by dogmatical considerations; and not to be influenced by the symbolical books.
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The narrative begins [just] See New International Version translation before the Feast of the Passover, when Jesus knew that His hour () had come that He should depart from this world to the Father, [when] having loved His own who were in the world, He loved them to the end. The appointed hour, anticipated earlier in the gospel () had now arrived. Jesus had announced publicly in that "the hour when the Son of Man should be glorified" had now arrived, and He had declined in to ask His Father to "save [Him] from this hour" (). Heinrich Meyer notes, "How long before the feast, our passage does not state",Meyer's NT Commentary on John 13, accessed 16 June 2016 but Bengel's Gnomon Bengel's Gnomon on John 13, accessed 16 June 2016 and Wesley's Notes,Wesley's Notes on the Bible on John 13, accessed 16 June 2016 which drew widely on Bengel, both associate this passage with the Wednesday of the week leading to the Passover.
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Theologian Joseph Benson therefore suggests that "It is probable [that] Lazarus was younger than his sisters".Benson Commentary on John 11, accessed 27 May 2016, cf. Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on John 11, accessed 28 May 2016 The sisters send messengers to Jesus, so his location cannot have been entirely secret, "firmly expect[ing] that he, who had cured so many strangers, would willingly come and give health to one whom he so tenderly loved".Benson Commentary on John 11, accessed 27 May 2016 The words of their message made reference only to Lazarus' sickness, leaving unexpressed "(but ... to be inferred) the consequent, therefore come to our help".Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on John 11, accessed 28 May 2016 Bengel notes that John often expects the reader to make such inferences, such as in : "When they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto Him, 'They have no wine' [leaving the consequent unexpressed, but implied, Do Thou relieve them]".
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Herodotus wrote that the Greeks learnt the practice of dividing the day into 12 parts, about the polos, and the gnomon from the Babylonians. (The exact meaning of his use of the word polos is unknown, current theories include: "the heavenly dome", "the tip of the axis of the celestial sphere", or a spherical concave sundial.) Yet even Herodotus' claims on Babylonian influence are contested by some modern historians, such as L. Zhmud, who points out that the division of the day into twelve parts (and by analogy the year) was known to the Egyptians already in the second millennium, the gnomon was known to both Egyptians and Babylonians, and the idea of the "heavenly sphere" was not used outside of Greece at this time. Less controversial than the position that Thales learnt Babylonian mathematics is the claim he was influenced by Egyptians. Pointedly historian S. N. Bychkov holds that the idea that the base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal likely came from Egypt.
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In base 10 one can notice that the hexagonal numbers' rightmost (least significant) digits follow the pattern 1–7–9–7–1. The sum of the first centered hexagonal numbers is . That is, centered hexagonal pyramidal numbers and cubes are the same numbers, but they represent different shapes. Viewed from the opposite perspective, centered hexagonal numbers are differences of two consecutive cubes, so that the centered hexagonal numbers are the gnomon of the cubes.
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In the churchyard are two structures that are listed at Grade II. To the south of the church is a monument to the Gale family with dates between 1816 and 1903. It consists of a sarcophagus with an urn finial, in a square enclosure surrounded by railings. Nearer the church is a sundial dated 1729. This consists of an inscribed square pier on a four-stepped base, with a round plate and gnomon.
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From 1929 until 1954 he edited the :de:Philologus, an academic journal for classical philology, existing from 1848 until today. In this journal Stroux published also many of his own articles. In the 20th he was one of the editors of the journal Gnomon and later editor of the more popular journal de:Die Antike.E. G. Schmidt: 100 Jahre Philologus In: Philologus, Band 140, 1994, S. 13Anonymous: Johannes Stroux. Herausgeber des Philologus 1929–1954.
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In the churchyard is a sandstone sundial dating probably from the 18th century with a brass plate and gnomon which is listed Grade II. Also listed Grade II are the Hodgson tomb chest dating from the early 18th century, and part of the churchyard wall, the steps leading to the gate and the gate piers. In the southwest corner of the churchyard is the war grave of a World War II airman.
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The station was opened on 9 January 1910 as part of the connecting section of the line under the Seine between Châtelet and Raspail. It is named after the nearby Church of Saint-Sulpice, famous for its gnomon. In the spring of 2010, the station underwent renovations as part of the Un métro + beau operation. From June to July 2019, platform doors were installed on the platforms as part of the line's ongoing full automation.
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The paving is varied by radiating lines in travertine, to relieve what might otherwise be a sea of setts. In 1817 circular stones were set to mark the tip of the obelisk's shadow at noon as the sun entered each of the signs of the zodiac, making the obelisk a gigantic sundial's gnomon. Below is a view of St. Peter's Square from the cupola (the top of the dome) which was taken in June 2007.
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1100 BC. The MUL.APIN, contains catalogues of stars and constellations as well as schemes for predicting heliacal risings and the settings of the planets, lengths of daylight measured by a water clock, gnomon, shadows, and intercalations. The Babylonian GU text arranges stars in 'strings' that lie along declination circles and thus measure right-ascensions or time-intervals, and also employs the stars of the zenith, which are also separated by given right-ascensional differences.
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A vertical direct south sundial in the Northern Hemisphere becomes a vertical direct north sundial in the Southern Hemisphere. To position a horizontal sundial correctly, one has to find true North or South. The same process can be used to do both. The gnomon, set to the correct latitude, has to point to the true South in the Southern hemisphere as in the Northern Hemisphere it has to point to the true North.
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In the churchyard, to the south of the church, is a sundial dating from the late 17th or the early 18th century. It consists of a baluster on a square step; the gnomon is missing. In the east wall of the churchyard is a former sandstone hearse house, of which only the façade remains. It dates from the early 19th century, it has a pointed entrance and a cornice, and is crenellated.
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In physics, his postulation that the indefinite (or apeiron) was the source of all things led Greek philosophy to a new level of conceptual abstraction. His knowledge of geometry allowed him to introduce the gnomon in Greece. He created a map of the world that contributed greatly to the advancement of geography. He was also involved in the politics of Miletus and was sent as a leader to one of its colonies.
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The obelisk in a print by Giuseppe Vasi of 1738 The Obelisk of Montecitorio (), also known as Solare, is an ancient Egyptian, red granite obelisk of Psammetichus II (595-589 BC) from Heliopolis. Brought to Rome with the Flaminio Obelisk in 10 BC by the Roman Emperor Augustus to be used as the gnomon of the Solarium Augusti, it is now in the Piazza Montecitorio. It is high, and including the base and the globe.
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Inside the church, behind the organ, is a stone sundial plate that was cut with a penknife by Sir Isaac Newton when he was nine years of age. The stone, which has no gnomon, is mounted upside down below a carved wooden effigy of the scientist. Newton's mother, Hannah Ayscough (died 1679) and father, also called Isaac (died 1642), were buried in the church."The Church of Saint John the Baptist,Colsterworth".
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In 1934 he resigned as president of the Silesian Society for Patriotic Culture, a learned association that he had headed since 1927. In 1935, under new legislation, Kroll was retired earlier than usual. As his successor he opted for his long-time colleague Hans Drexler who had been an active supporter of the Nazi party. Drexler would later write Kroll's obituary in the Gnomon, apologising for his predecessor's alleged ″lack of a positive world view″.
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8 Two scratch (or mass) dials, each with its central hole for a gnomon, appear on the south wall of the church to the right of the porch, and another, strangely inverted, scratch dial appears incorporated into the stonework of the porch, probably upturned at its rebuilding. These would have given some indication of the times of church services and perhaps also acted as a village timepiece, before clocks came into general use.
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In or near the churchyard are three structures listed at Grade II. To the south of the church is a sundial dating probably from the 18th century. It consists of an octagonal pedestal on a square base, with a brass plate and a scrolled gnomon. Beside the south gate is a two-step mounting block dating from the 18th century or earlier. Nearby are village stocks dating probably from the 18th century.
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The (2nd century BCE) Huainanzi uses Hong Heng twice, translated as "primal chaos" and "Profound Mist", and both contexts echo the Zhuangzi. The "Activating the Genuine" (Chuzhen 俶真訓) chapter says, > In an age of Utmost Potency, [people] contentedly slept in boundless realms > and moved [between] and lodged in indeterminate dwellings. They clasped > Heaven and Earth and discarded the myriad things. They took primal chaos as > their gnomon and floated freely in a limitless domain.
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In some precision clocks, a third hand, which rotated once a minute, was added in a separate subdial. This was called the "second-minute" hand (because it measured the secondary minute divisions of the hour), which was shortened to "second" hand. The convention of the hands moving clockwise evolved in imitation of the sundial. In the Northern hemisphere, where the clock face originated, the shadow of the gnomon on a horizontal sundial moves clockwise during the day.
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Pathognomonic (rare synonym pathognomic) is a term, often used in medicine, that means "characteristic for a particular disease". A pathognomonic sign is a particular sign whose presence means that a particular disease is present beyond any doubt. Labelling a sign or symptom "pathognomonic" represents a marked intensification of a "diagnostic" sign or symptom. The word is an adjective of Greek origin derived from πάθος pathos "disease" and γνώμων gnomon "indicator" (from γιγνώσκω gignosko "I know, I recognize").
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Heliochronometers usually indicate the minutes to within 1 minute of Universal Time. Sunquest sundial, designed by Richard L. Schmoyer, at the Mount Cuba Observatory in Greenville, Delaware. The Sunquest sundial, designed by Richard L. Schmoyer in the 1950s, uses an analemmic inspired gnomon to cast a shaft of light onto an equatorial time-scale crescent. Sunquest is adjustable for latitude and longitude, automatically correcting for the equation of time, rendering it "as accurate as most pocket watches".
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Timepiece, St Katharine Docks, London (1973) an equinoctial dial by Wendy Taylor An equatorial sundial in the Forbidden City, Beijing. The gnomon points true North and its angle with horizontal equals the local latitude. Closer inspection of the full-size image reveals the "spider-web" of date rings and hour-lines. The distinguishing characteristic of the equatorial dial (also called the equinoctial dial) is the planar surface that receives the shadow, which is exactly perpendicular to the gnomon's style.
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In the churchyard are three structures which have been designated as Grade II listed buildings. To the south of the church is a sandstone sundial dating from the middle of the 18th century. It stands on two circular stone steps, and consists of a baluster on a square base and has a moulded cap on which there is a copper dial and gnomon. Nearby is a pedestal tomb dated 1831 to the memory of Richard Butler.
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These were not fixed texts but rather an oral tradition of knowledge, and their content is not extant. The text today known as Surya Siddhanta dates to the Gupta period and was received by Aryabhata. The classical era of Indian astronomy begins in the late Gupta era, in the 5th to 6th centuries. The Pañcasiddhāntikā by Varāhamihira (505 CE) approximates the method for determination of the meridian direction from any three positions of the shadow using a gnomon.
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Pasquali's greatest claim to fame is the book Storia della tradizione e critica del testo (History of the tradition and textual criticism). It was born as a reaction to Textkritik by Paul Maas, of which Pasquali first wrote a long review that appeared in several instalments in the journal Gnomon. His book, which came out in 1934, complements the work of Maas rather than refuting it. A thoroughly revised second edition appeared in 1952, the year of Pasquali's death.
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The Suda relates that Anaximander explained some basic notions of geometry. It also mentions his interest in the measurement of time and associates him with the introduction in Greece of the gnomon. In Lacedaemon, he participated in the construction, or at least in the adjustment, of sundials to indicate solstices and equinoxes.These accomplishments are often attributed to him, notably by Diogenes Laertius (II, 1) and by the Roman historian Eusebius of Caesarea, Preparation for the Gospel (X, 14, 11).
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It is backed by an esplanade, which was created in 1848, now fronted by pubs, cafes, shops and restaurants. The gnomon on the esplanade was presented to the town by Sir Thomas Brisbane in 1851. At its eastern end is Ventnor's pumping station, a £14 million project completed in 2002 as part of 'Shifting Sands', a joint initiative between English Heritage and the Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment. It is disguised as a bandstand and viewing platform.
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In the churchyard is a chest tomb dated 1815 in grey sandstone ashlar to the memory of Ann Loveit. It is listed at Grade II. In addition, in the churchyard, is a sundial consisting of a vase-shaped column on three steps. It carries a circular plate inscribed with Roman numerals, and a triangular gnomon. The sundial is listed at Grade II. There is also a war grave of a Royal Field Artillery soldier of World War I.
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A similar gnomon built to calculate the exact date of Easter also exists in the Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri in Rome.Wayne Orchiston (editor), The New Astronomy: Opening The Electromagnetic Window and Expanding our View of Planet Earth, pages 302-303 (Springer, 2005). Commissioned by Pope Clement XI, it was designed by Francesco Bianchini and completed in 1702.J. L. Heilbron, The Sun In The Church: Cathedrals As Solar Observatories, page 148 (Harvard University Press, 1999).
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The third floor of Levy's building originally included an eastern-facing wooden porch which allowed worshippers to easily see the sunrise. The Zoharei Chama sundial measures in diameter. A horizontal gnomon marks the sun's progress along a half-circle marked at each hour, with sub-markings at 15, 30, and 45 minutes. For cloudy days, Levy installed two mechanical clocks on either side of the sundial, one set for European time and one for local time.
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The gnomon is the piece added to a figurate number to transform it to the next larger one. For example, the gnomon of the square number is the odd number, of the general form , . The square of size 8 composed of gnomons looks like this: 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 7 6 5 5 5 5 5 8 7 6 5 4 4 4 4 8 7 6 5 4 3 3 3 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 2 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To transform from the -square (the square of size ) to the -square, one adjoins elements: one to the end of each row ( elements), one to the end of each column ( elements), and a single one to the corner. For example, when transforming the 7-square to the 8-square, we add 15 elements; these adjunctions are the 8s in the above figure.
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There are two structures in the churchyard that are listed Grade II. One is a red sandstone sundial dating from the 18th century consisting of a square base, a square shaft, and a cubic block containing a wrought iron gnomon and a globe finial. (The sundial was taken as part of a theft at the church a number of years ago and has never been recovered.) The other is a mounting block dating from 1774 consisting of four sandstone steps.
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Bekele believes he must do this again to save himself and his granddaughter, who are trapped in a safe room in his house during a fire caused by racist terrorists. Finally, Gnomon enters the Chamber and finds its personality fractured, believing this to be a betrayal by Zagreus. As it reassembles itself in a new vessel, it becomes Lönnrot and attacks Neith in Hunter's home. Neith discovers that Oliver Smith was one of five Fire Judges, figures who can control the System.
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The idea of using hours of equal time length throughout the year was the innovation of Ibn al-Shatir in 1371, based on earlier developments in trigonometry by al-Battānī. Ibn al- Shatir was aware that "using a gnomon that is parallel to the Earth's axis will produce sundials whose hour lines indicate equal hours on any day of the year." His sundial is the oldest polar-axis sundial still in existence. The concept later appeared in Western sundials from at least 1446.
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The ancient Chinese used shadow measurements for creating calendars that are mentioned in several ancient texts. According to the collection of Zhou Chinese poetic anthologies Classic of Poetry, one of the distant ancestors of King Wen of the Zhou dynasty used to measure gnomon shadow lengths to determine the orientation around the 14th-century BC.The 2nd-century Chinese book Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art claims gnomons were used by the Duke of Zhou (11th century BC). Laertius, Diogenes. "Life of Anaximander".
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The ancient Greek mathematician and engineer Hero of Alexandria defined a gnomon as that which, when added or subtracted to an entity (number or shape), makes a new entity similar to the starting entity. In this sense Theon of Smyrna used it to describe a number which added to a polygonal number produces the next one of the same type. The most common use in this sense is an odd integer especially when seen as a figurate number between square numbers.
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Previously this was done at daytime by measuring the shadow cast by a gnomon, by recording the length of the longest day of the year or with the portable instrument known as a scaphe. Equatorial ring of Hipparchus's time. Ptolemy mentions (Almagest V.14) that he used a similar instrument as Hipparchus, called dioptra, to measure the apparent diameter of the Sun and Moon. Pappus of Alexandria described it (in his commentary on the Almagest of that chapter), as did Proclus (Hypotyposis IV).
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Matt Fraction's and David Aja's 'Hawkeye #1': The Avenger who's just a dude In 2003, he enrolled in the Gnomon School of Visual Effects in Hollywood to become a visual effects artist in the film industry. He began working as a texture painter and technical director on such films as Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow, Fantastic Four, Serenity, Superman Returns, among others. Toward the end of 2006, Hollingsworth moved to Croatia, where he lives with his wife, Branka, and son, Liam.
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Languet de Gergy initially wished to establish the exact astrological time in order to ring the bells at the most appropriate time of day. For this, he commissioned the English clockmaker Henry Sully to build the gnomon. A staunch moralist, Languet is famous for denying the sacraments to Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans, Duchess of Berry, eldest daughter of Philippe II, Duke of Orléans.Her countless love affairs and repeated illicit pregnancies had given Berry the reputation of a French Messalina. cf.
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If the wall of the building faces toward the South, but does not face due South, the gnomon will not lie along the noon line, and the hour lines must be corrected. Since the gnomon's style must be parallel to the Earth's axis, it always "points" true North and its angle with the horizontal will equal the sundial's geographical latitude; on a direct south dial, its angle with the vertical face of the dial will equal the colatitude, or 90° minus the latitude.
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He worked at Gnomon on a short film Plus Minus, co-directed by Aristomenis Tsirbas which was due for release in late 2011 but has yet to be released. In June 2011, Acker was chosen to direct a new live-action adaptation of the children's book and TV series, Thomas & Friends. He will be working from a script by Chris Viscardi, Will McRobb and Josh Klausner. Weta Digital will create the film's visual effects, with design by Weta Workshop Design Dept.
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He also graduated from the Universidad de Monterrey with a bachelor's degree in Advertising / International Marketing. He continued his education with courses and diplomas in Film Production at the Autonomous University of Nuevo León and Concordia University in Montreal, He attended the program for Motion Graphics at the Gnomon School of Visual Effects in Hollywood, California, Art Direction at the Underground School of Creatives in Buenos Aires and a Photography Portfolio Revision at Centro ADM in Mexico City by photographer Stefan Ruiz.
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University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 4–8. A focus of Augustan monumental architecture was the Campus Martius, an open area outside the city centre that in early times had been devoted to equestrian sports and physical training for youth. The Altar of Augustan Peace (Ara Pacis Augustae) was located there, as was an obelisk imported from Egypt that formed the pointer (gnomon) of a horologium. With its public gardens, the Campus became one of the most attractive places in the city to visit.
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The plate on the sidewalk appeared much later in 1965. Changes and lack of dates on some of the plates may lead to some confusion. Only four years after the appearance of the column in Warsaw, Greenwich Mean Time effectively became the international standard for time calculation around the world based on the Prime meridian at Greenwich in London. Previously only local time was used, the setting of noon based on the length of the shadow from a gnomon (on a sundial).
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The gnomon also permitted the determination of the date of the earth's perihelion (the moment the earth is closest to the sun in its elliptical trajectory around the sun), by measuring the size of the image of the sun cast on the obelisk and finding the time when it was largest. Perihelion occurs close to the winter solstice, during the period of the year when the sun's image at noon is on the obelisk, rather than on the floor of the church.
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The Genesis Rock The Genesis Rock on the lunar surface prior to sampling (left of the gnomon, which was used for scale in the photos) The Genesis Rock on display at the Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility The Genesis Rock is a sample of Moon rock retrieved by Apollo 15 astronauts James Irwin and David Scott in 1971 during the second lunar EVA, at Spur crater. It is currently stored at the Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility in Houston, Texas. It is sample number 15415.
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Ferdinand Verbiest was a Belgian Jesuit who was called upon by the Kangxi Emperor after his ascension to compete in a contest with Muslim astronomers. The contest involved predicting the length of a shadow that would pass over the imperial gnomon, which was a sundial in the Forbidden City. Verbiest won the contest and was subsequently placed at the head of the Astrocalendrical Bureau. As head of the Burea, Verbiest also shared his position with a Manchu, and this tradition would continue until the 1840s.
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Craig Elliott (born July 13, 1971) is an illustrator, visual development artist and layout artist who works in the animation industry. After graduating from the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California in 1996, he went on to work on numerous films for Disney Feature Animation, DreamWorks, Nickelodeon and Fox Animation Studios. Craig also exhibits his fine art illustrations and paintings at both Wondercon and Comic-Con International as well as occasionally teaching at the Art Center College of Design and Gnomon School of Visual Effects.
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Midhat Gazale, Gnomon: From Pharaohs to Fractals, Princeton Univ. Press, 1999 A nearly similar pyramid shape, but with rational proportions, is described in the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus (the source of a large part of modern knowledge of ancient Egyptian mathematics), based on the 3:4:5 triangle; the face slope corresponding to the angle with tangent 4/3 is, to two decimal places, 53.13 degrees (53 degrees and 8 minutes). The slant height or apothem is 5/3 or 1.666... times the semi-base.
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The thermal shroud was aluminized mylar which covered the instrument and the ground surrounding the base out to about 75 cm radially. A gnomon and level sensor were mounted on the top center of the shroud. Total power drain varied from 4.3 to 7.4 W. The seismometers consisted of an inertial mass on a sensor boom suspended by springs and hinges, a capacitor plate and a damping magnet. The LP seismometers could function in a flat-response mode and in a peaked response mode.
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The thermal shroud was aluminized mylar which covered the instrument and the ground surrounding the base out to about 75 cm radially. A gnomon and level sensor were mounted on the top center of the shroud. The shroud was modified slightly from the one used on Apollo 12. Total power drain varied from 4.3 to 7.4 W. Layout of the Apollo 14 ALSEP The seismometers consisted of an inertial mass on a sensor boom suspended by springs and hinges, a capacitor plate and a damping magnet.
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APIN contains catalogues of stars and constellations as well as schemes for predicting heliacal risings and settings of the planets, and lengths of daylight as measured by a water clock, gnomon, shadows, and intercalations. The Babylonian GU text arranges stars in 'strings' that lie along declination circles and thus measure right- ascensions or time intervals, and also employs the stars of the zenith, which are also separated by given right-ascensional differences. There are dozens of cuneiform Mesopotamian texts with real observations of eclipses, mainly from Babylonia.
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Earth's obliquity may have been reasonably accurately measured as early as 1100 BC in India and China. The ancient Greeks had good measurements of the obliquity since about 350 BC, when Pytheas of Marseilles measured the shadow of a gnomon at the summer solstice. About 830 AD, the Caliph Al-Mamun of Baghdad directed his astronomers to measure the obliquity, and the result was used in the Arab world for many years. In 1437, Ulugh Beg determined the Earth's axial tilt as 23°30′17″ (23.5047°).
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The 1959 Carefree sundial in Carefree, Arizona has a gnomon, possibly the largest sundial in the United States.The Sundial and Geometry p 38. The most commonly observed sundials are those in which the shadow-casting style is fixed in position and aligned with the Earth's rotational axis, being oriented with true North and South, and making an angle with the horizontal equal to the geographical latitude. This axis is aligned with the celestial poles, which is closely, but not perfectly, aligned with the pole star Polaris.
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Altitude dials measure the height of the Sun in the sky, rather than directly measuring its hour-angle about the Earth's axis. They are not oriented towards true North, but rather towards the Sun and generally held vertically. The Sun's elevation is indicated by the position of a nodus, either the shadow-tip of a gnomon, or a spot of light. In altitude dials, the time is read from where the nodus falls on a set of hour- curves that vary with the time of year.
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In his written work, Yang provided theoretical proof for the proposition that the complements of the parallelograms which are about the diameter of any given parallelogram are equal to one another. This was the same idea expressed in the Greek mathematician Euclid's (fl. 300 BC) forty-third proposition of his first book, only Yang used the case of a rectangle and gnomon. There were also a number of other geometrical problems and theoretical mathematical propositions posed by Yang that were strikingly similar to the Euclidean system.
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Hogan, a native of Lynn, Massachusetts, is a graduate of the University of Massachusetts Amherst and works as vice president of Gnomon Inc., a Boston printing company. She has long been involved in local Democratic politics, having served as an officer of the Stow Democratic Town Committee, the Middlesex and Worcester Democrats and as co- chairman of the Maynard Democratic Town Committee from 1999 to 2006. She has also sat on several of Stow's town committees, including the Community Preservation Committee and the Council on Aging.
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Part of the meridian under the cellar of a stable building in the Campus Martius. The Obelisk of Montecitorio gnomon, in present Piazza di Montecitorio location. The Solarium Augusti (also called Horologium Augusti) was an ancient Roman monument in the Campus Martius constructed during the reign of Augustus. It functioned as a giant solar marker, according to various interpretations serving either as a simple meridian linePeter Heslin, "Augustus, Domitian and the So-Called Horologium Augusti", The Journal of Roman Studies, 97 (2007: 1-20).
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As he drew near to the city, Jesus wept, anticipating the destruction of the Temple. Lutheran biblical scholar Johann Bengel contrasts Jesus' reaction with the immediately preceding scene of rejoicing: :Behold before thee the compassionate King, amidst the very shouts of joy raised by His disciples! :Jesus weeps over Jerusalem, and yet compels no man by force.Bengel, J. A., Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on Luke 19, accessed 11 July 2018 See also how Jesus wept at the death of his friend Lazarus ().
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He once computed the total number of possible situations on a game board, another time the longest possible military campaign given the limits of human carriers who would bring their own food and food for other soldiers.Ebrey, 162. Shen Kuo is also noted for improving the designs of the inflow clepsydra clock for a more efficient higher-order interpolation, the armillary sphere, the gnomon, and the astronomical sighting tube; increasing its width for better observation of the pole star and other celestial bodies.Sivin, III, 17.
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In the south transept window a small opening with a lens was set up, so that a ray of sunlight shines onto the brass line. At noon on the winter solstice (21 December), the ray of light touches the brass line on the obelisk. At noon on the equinoxes (21 March and 21 September), the ray touches an oval plate of copper in the floor near the altar. Constructed by the English clock-maker and astronomer Henry Sully, the gnomon was also used for various scientific measurements.
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In somewhat archaic applied mathematics, dialling is the mathematics required to create a sundial face to determine solar time based on the position of the sun. Those skilled in the art were referred to as dialists or gnomonists, the latter derived from the word gnomon, which was a device that used a shadow as an indicator. The mathematician William Oughtred published a book, Easy Method of Mathematical Dialling, around 1600.Answers article about William Oughtred Samuel Walker (1716–1782) was a Yorkshire mathematician and diallist.
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The remains of a stone preaching cross To the south of the church there are the remnants of a stone preaching cross. The cross was originally situated on Poulton's boundary and marked a resting place for mourners travelling long distances to bury corpses at St Chad's. Only the two circular steps into which the original structure was set remain; the cross shaft has been replaced by an octagonal pillar. The pillar was used as a sundial until the early 20th century when the gnomon was stolen.
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The sundial column was built with only six faces, with the column itself acting as the gnomon of the seventh dial. This layout was chosen to produce triangular plots, in order to maximise the frontage of houses to be built on the site, as rentals were charged per foot of frontage rather than by the square footage of properties. After the successful development of the Covent Garden Piazza area nearby, Neale hoped that Seven Dials would be popular with wealthy residents. This was not to be and the area gradually deteriorated.
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The Bowlen Family Sundial is placed vertically on the south face of the Gates Concert Hall stage house and was inspired by similar sundials in Italy. It has two sets of hour markers. The larger, outer set is used to tell the time in the summer months when the sun is high in the sky and the shadows cast by the gnomon are long. The smaller, inner set is used in the winter months when the sun is low in the sky and the shadows are much shorter.
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She begins to suspect that Smith knew much more than he let on. When she next sleeps, Neith encounters another new narrative in Hunter's memories. In it, an entity identifies itself as "Gnomon, occasionally called the Eschatogenesist, or sometimes the Desperation Protocol," "the Ten Thousand Ayes, and sometimes the Endlessly Rising Canon," among other names. It claims to be a being living in a far future where Earth has been forgotten and most people "exist across bodies, [...] their thoughts distributed between a large number of individual brains" by a form of instantaneous communication.
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In 2000, to mark the millennium year, a sundial / statue was erected in Blackrock on the promenade. The 3 m high gnomon is a bronze sculpture of a female diving figure, which was subsequently named 'Aisling'. Many of the churches in the town were also built in the 19th century, including the Presbyterian church (1839), the former Methodist church (1834), and the Roman Catholic churches of St Patrick (1847), St Malachy (1862), St Nicholas (1860), and St Joseph (1890). St Patrick's was designed by Thomas Duff, based on the model of King's College Chapel, Cambridge.
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The bench is almost tall by long, and weighs several tons.Waldo Hutchins Bench Sundial, New York, USA, October 6, 2016. It was executed in 1932 by the Piccirilli Brothers studio, the firm that carved the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. The bench has a small sundial, a variation on a 3rd century BC Hellenistic period Berossus sundial, at its back designed by sculptor Albert Stewart. The sundial features a small Art Deco bronze gnomon sculpture of a female dancer trailed by a wind-blown gown and flowing scarves at its center.
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The idea of using hours of equal length throughout the year was the innovation of Abu'l-Hasan Ibn al-Shatir in 1371, based on earlier developments in trigonometry by Muhammad ibn Jābir al- Harrānī al-Battānī (Albategni). Ibn al-Shatir was aware that "using a gnomon that is parallel to the Earth's axis will produce sundials whose hour lines indicate equal hours on any day of the year". His sundial is the oldest polar- axis sundial still in existence. The concept appeared in Western sundials starting in 1446.
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The sundial, another early clock, relies on shadows to provide a good estimate of the hour on a sunny day. It is not so useful in cloudy weather or at night and requires recalibration as the seasons change (if the gnomon was not aligned with the Earth's axis). The earliest known clock with a water-powered escapement mechanism, which transferred rotational energy into intermittent motions,David Landes: "Revolution in Time: Clocks and the Making of the Modern World", rev. and enlarged edition, Harvard University Press, Cambridge 2000, , p.18f.
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Georgios Papaioannou giving the Super Demetrios master class As a result of the film's success, Georgios Papaioannou, a successful PhD in civil engineering, decided to pursue a career in visual effects. After his visit to Los Angeles invited by the Los Angeles Greek Film Festival he studied in Gnomon School of Visual Effects in Hollywood, and now he is working as a VFX expert in the industry. His most notable work is for the film The Expendables 3 (2014). In May 2015, Super Demetrios became an academic subject.
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The dimensions on the inside are wide, high to the top of the arch and deep. The "extremely interesting" decoration on the exterior consists of carved -shapes (not identical to standard Norman chevron ornamentation) with inward- and outward-facing points at various intervals. A common feature on the south side of ancient churches was a mass dial—a type of sundial that served as a "do-it-yourself clock". They consisted of circular markings engraved in a wall, with lines dividing the hours and a hole in which to place a gnomon or stick.
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Human gnomon analemmatic sundials are not practical at lower latitudes where a human shadow is quite short during the summer months. A 66-inch tall person casts a 4-inch shadow at 27 deg latitude on the summer solstice. The use of the adjective "analemmatic" to describe this class of sundial can be misleading, because there is no use of the equation of time or the analemma in the design of an analemmatic sundial. Mayall refers to the analemmatic sundial as "the so-called Analemmatic Dial", implying a lack of connection to the analemma.
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The formulas shown in the paragraphs below allow the positions of the hour-lines to be calculated for various types of sundial. In some cases, the calculations are simple; in others they are extremely complicated. There is an alternative, simple method of finding the positions of the hour-lines which can be used for many types of sundial, and saves a lot of work in cases where the calculations are complex. This is an empirical procedure in which the position of the shadow of the gnomon of a real sundial is marked at hourly intervals.
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"Double" sundials in Nové Město nad Metují, Czech Republic; the observer is facing almost due north. Vertical dials are commonly mounted on the walls of buildings, such as town-halls, cupolas and church- towers, where they are easy to see from far away. In some cases, vertical dials are placed on all four sides of a rectangular tower, providing the time throughout the day. The face may be painted on the wall, or displayed in inlaid stone; the gnomon is often a single metal bar, or a tripod of metal bars for rigidity.
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The gnomon may be fixed or moved according to the season. It may be oriented vertically, horizontally, aligned with the Earth's axis, or oriented in an altogether different direction determined by mathematics. Given that sundials use light to indicate time, a line of light may be formed by allowing the Sun's rays through a thin slit or focusing them through a cylindrical lens. A spot of light may be formed by allowing the Sun's rays to pass through a small hole, window, oculus, or by reflecting them from a small circular mirror.
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Detail of an instrument in the Jaipur observatory. Among the devices used for astronomy was gnomon, known as Sanku, in which the shadow of a vertical rod is applied on a horizontal plane in order to ascertain the cardinal directions, the latitude of the point of observation, and the time of observation.Ōhashi (2008), Astronomical Instruments in India This device finds mention in the works of Varāhamihira, Āryabhata, Bhāskara, Brahmagupta, among others.Abraham (2008) The Cross-staff, known as Yasti-yantra, was used by the time of Bhaskara II (1114–1185 CE).
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Glyph detail There is a hypothesis that provides petroglyphs of Ingá an exceptional importance from the archeoastronomical point of view. In 1976, the Spanish engineer Francisco Pavía Alemany started a mathematical study of this archaeological monument. The first results were published in 1986 by the Instituto of Arqueologia Brasileira (Pavía Alemany F. 1986). He identified in Inga a series of "bowls" and another petroglyph etched into the vertical surface of the wall of Inga that formed a "solar calendar", over which a gnomon projected the shadow of the first solar rays of every day.
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Vincent's Word Studies on Matthew 26, accessed 27 February 2017 Lutheran theologian Johann Bengel suggests that Judas kissed Him repeatedly: "he kissed Him more than once in opposition to what he had said in the preceding verse: , philēsō, a single kiss (), and did so as if from kindly feeling".Bengel's Gnomon on Matthew 26, accessed 27 February 2017 According to Matthew 26:50, Jesus responded by saying: "Friend, do what you are here to do". Luke 22:48 quotes Jesus saying "Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?"Dear, John.
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Before the 1980s, the reconstruction of the obelisk and its usage were erroneous. Prior to that era, Buchner's paper and reconstruction of the obelisk was blindly believed and deemed as accurate. His reconstruction was arguing that the obelisk with the gnomon on top of it was used as a sundial, using the sun's shadow's reflection to keep track of the hours of the day. Furthermore, Buchner argued that the sundial was integrated into the design of the Ara Pacis in a way that the shadow cast directly onto the altar on Augustus’s birthday.
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The face of each piece was honed to remove saw marks and finished with a sand-blasted surface to provide the lightest possible color to contrast with the gnomon shadow. All granite fabrication was done in Elberton from computer generated drawings, which included full sized templates for exact location and spelling of each name. Lettering and linework was incised into the granite using rubber stencils and sandblasting. All engraving was done in the factory with the exception of the summer and winter solstice and bench lines, which were done in place.
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The variation in the tip's position at noon indicates the solar time and the seasons; the shadow is longest on the winter solstice and shortest on the summer solstice. The invention of the gnomon itself cannot be attributed to Anaximander because its use, as well as the division of days into twelve parts, came from the Babylonians. It is they, according to Herodotus' Histories (II, 109), who gave the Greeks the art of time measurement. It is likely that he was not the first to determine the solstices, because no calculation is necessary.
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Although this did not apply to the Subura slums, which were still as rickety and fire- prone as ever, he did leave a mark on the monumental topography of the centre and of the Campus Martius, with the Ara Pacis (Altar of Peace) and monumental sundial, whose central gnomon was an obelisk taken from Egypt.Eck (2003), 122. The relief sculptures decorating the Ara Pacis visually augmented the written record of Augustus's triumphs in the Res Gestae. Its reliefs depicted the imperial pageants of the praetorians, the Vestals, and the citizenry of Rome.Bunson (1994), 32.
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The alignment along cardinal direction, similarly is an extension of Vedic rituals of three fires. This symbolism is also found among Greek and other ancient civilizations, through the gnomon. In Hindu temple manuals, design plans are described with 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81 up to 1024 squares; 1 pada is considered the simplest plan, as a seat for a hermit or devotee to sit and meditate on, or make offerings with Vedic fire in front. The second design of 4 padas lacks the central core, and is also a meditative constructive.
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It was erected by the emperor Augustus, with the 30-meter Egyptian red granite Obelisk of Montecitorio, that he had brought from Heliopolis in ancient Egypt. The obelisk was employed as a gnomon that cast its shadow on a marble pavement inlaid with a gilded bronze network of lines, by which it was possible to read the time of day according to the season of the year. The solarium was dedicated to the Sun in 10 BCE, 35 years after Julius Caesar's calendar reform. It was the first solar dedication in Rome.
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Eric Birley, Review of Die Präfekten von Ägypten in römischer Zeit by Arthur Stein, Gnomon, 23 (1951), p. 443 This would mean Galerius was also related somehow to Galeria Fundana, although Suetonius reports she was the daughter of an unnamed senator who had achieved the traditional Republican magistracy of praetor.De Vita Caesarum, "Vitellius", 6 However, that Seneca fails to mention any descendants of Galerius in his surviving writings weakens that possibility; another possibility would be that Trachalus and Fundana are related to Galerius thorugh an unrecorded brother or uncle.
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On either side of the gnomon is a quadrant of a circle, parallel to the plane of the equator. The instrument is intended to measure the time of day, correct to half a second and declination of the Sun and the other heavenly bodies. There were five Jantar Mantars in India, of which the largest is in Jaipur which features many instruments along with the world's largest stone sundial. At present only four Jantar Mantar exist, the Jantar Mantar at Mathura was torn down just before Revolt of 1857.
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He also laid down many of the astronomical and mathematical rules that would allow geography to be studied scientifically. His successor Anaximander is the first person known to have attempted to create a scale map of the known world and to have introduced the gnomon to Ancient Greece. Reconstruction of the map of Hecataeus of Miletus. Hecataeus of Miletus initiated a different form of geography, avoiding the mathematical calculations of Thales and Anaximander he learnt about the world by gathering previous works and speaking to the sailors who came through the busy port of Miletus.
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119, Encyclopaedia of the history of science, technology, and medicine in non-western cultures, Helaine Selin, ed., which describes Kenyah Tribesmen of Borneo measuring the shadow cast by a gnomon, or tukar do with a measuring scale, or aso do. In particular, the astronomical observatories maintained for religious purposes became accurate enough to ascertain the regular motions of the stars, and even some of the planets. At first, timekeeping was done by hand by priests, and then for commerce, with watchmen to note time as part of their duties.
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It is generally agreed that the plants depicted in the stele fragment are either poppies or pomegranate flowers, however, classical archaeologists and historians of ancient Greek art discuss different species in the literature: German scholar Ernst Langlotz (1895–1978) thought that the women were holding a type of rose; Picard recognizes the symbolism of Demeter and Kore and identifies the flowers as a species of poppy, possibly the opium poppy, the Oriental poppy, or the Iranian poppy.Picard, Charles. (1953). Die Stele aus Pharsalos im Louvre by Roland Hampe. Gnomon, 25 (2): 82–85. .
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After leaving Florence, Danti became professor of mathematics at the University of Bologna. While there he built a massive gnomon in the Bolognese church of San Petronio, the meridian line of which is still visible in the church's pavement. He also spent some time in Perugia, at the invitation of the governor, where he prepared maps of the Perugian republic. Italy, Corsica and Sardinia - Gallery of Maps - Vatican Museums On account of his mathematical skills, Pope Gregory XIII invited him to Rome, appointed him pontifical mathematician and made him a member of the commission for the reform of the calendar.
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The term Rose Line as the Paris Meridian was given by Dan Brown in his 2003 novel The Da Vinci Code as an alternate name for "the world's first prime meridian", identified as the Paris Meridian.Philip Coppens, The Stone Puzzle of Rosslyn Chapel, Adventures Unlimited Press, 2004, p. 11. Brown's novel also conflates this meridian with a gnomon in the Parisian church of Saint-Sulpice marked in the floor with a brass line,Richard Benishai, Saint Sulpice and the "Rose-Line". as did the 1967 Priory Document Le Serpent Rouge - Notes sur Saint-Germain- des-Près et Saint-Sulpice de Paris.
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An Italian 6 hour clock was developed in the 18th century, presumably to save power (a clock or watch striking 24 times uses more power). Another type of analog clock is the sundial, which tracks the sun continuously, registering the time by the shadow position of its gnomon. Because the sun does not adjust to daylight saving time, users must add an hour during that time. Corrections must also be made for the equation of time, and for the difference between the longitudes of the sundial and of the central meridian of the time zone that is being used (i.e.
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Herodotus writes that the Greeks learned such aspects of astronomy as the gnomon and the idea of the day being split into two halves of twelve from the Babylonians. Other sources point to Greek pardegms, a stone with 365-366 holes carved into it to represent the days in a year, from the Babylonians as well. Since the rediscovery of the Babylonian civilization, it has been theorized that there was significant information exchange between classical and Hellenistic astronomy and Chaldean. The best documented borrowings are those of Hipparchus (2nd century BCE) and Claudius Ptolemy (2nd century CE).
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Similarly, in place of the shadow of a gnomon the sundial at Miguel Hernández University uses the solar projection of a graph of the equation of time intersecting a time scale to display clock time directly. Sundial on the Orihuela Campus of Miguel Hernández University, Spain, which uses a projected graph of the equation of time within the shadow to indicate clock time. An analemma may be added to many types of sundials to correct apparent solar time to mean solar time or another standard time. These usually have hour lines shaped like "figure eights" (analemmas) according to the equation of time.
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This conic section is the intersection of the cone of light rays with the flat surface. This cone and its conic section change with the seasons, as the Sun's declination changes; hence, sundials that follow the motion of such light- spots or shadow-tips often have different hour-lines for different times of the year. This is seen in shepherd's dials, sundial rings, and vertical gnomons such as obelisks. Alternatively, sundials may change the angle or position (or both) of the gnomon relative to the hour lines, as in the analemmatic dial or the Lambert dial.
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For equiangular dials such as equatorial, spherical or Lambert dials, this correction can be made by rotating the dial surface by an angle equaling the difference in longitude, without changing the gnomon position or orientation. However, this method does not work for other dials, such as a horizontal dial; the correction must be applied by the viewer. At its most extreme, time zones can cause official noon, including daylight savings, to occur up to three hours early (the Sun is actually on the meridian at official clock time of 3 pm). This occurs in the far west of Alaska, China, and Spain.
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The style is usually aligned parallel to the axis of the celestial sphere, and therefore is aligned with the local geographical meridian. In some sundial designs, only a point-like feature, such as the tip of the style, is used to determine the time and date; this point-like feature is known as the sundial's nodus. Some sundials use both a style and a nodus to determine the time and date. The gnomon is usually fixed relative to the dial face, but not always; in some designs such as the analemmatic sundial, the style is moved according to the month.
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Islamic astronomy gained a good reputation in China for its theory of planetary latitudes, which did not exist in Chinese astronomy at the time, and for its accurate prediction of eclipses. Some of the astronomical instruments constructed by the famous Chinese astronomer Guo Shoujing shortly afterwards resemble the style of instrumentation built at Maragheh. In particular, the "simplified instrument" (jianyi) and the large gnomon at the Gaocheng Astronomical Observatory show traces of Islamic influence. While formulating the Shoushili calendar in 1281, Shoujing's work in spherical trigonometry may have also been partially influenced by Islamic mathematics, which was largely accepted at Kublai's court.
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Salmon is mentioned in , , and . Nahshon was one of the Israelite leaders present with Moses Bengel's Gnomon on Matthew 1, accessed 20 November 2016 during the exodus from Egypt who undertook a "census of all the congregation of the children of Israel" and and therefore Salmon would probably have been a contemporary of Joshua and part of the generation of Israelites who entered the promised land. Rahab's marriage to Salmon is not mentioned in the account of her hiding Joshua's messengers sent out to spy out Jericho, although the narrative regarding her role concludes that "she dwells in Israel to this day".
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Pliny, Natural History 36.26; Richardson, New Topographical Dictionary, p. 245. The Campus Martius continued to provide venues for equestrian events such as chariot racing during the Imperial period, but under the first emperor Augustus it underwent a major program of urban renewal, marked by monumental architecture. The Altar of Augustan Peace (Ara Pacis Augustae) was located there, as was the Obelisk of Montecitorio, imported from Egypt to form the pointer (gnomon) of the Solarium Augusti, a giant sundial. With its public gardens, the Campus became one of the most attractive places in the city to visit.
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In order to measure time, one can record the number of occurrences (events) of some periodic phenomenon. The regular recurrences of the seasons, the motions of the sun, moon and stars were noted and tabulated for millennia, before the laws of physics were formulated. The sun was the arbiter of the flow of time, but time was known only to the hour for millennia, hence, the use of the gnomon was known across most of the world, especially Eurasia, and at least as far southward as the jungles of Southeast Asia.Charles Hose and William McDougall (1912) The Pagan Tribes of Borneo, Plate 60.
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One of the markers on the dial of the sundial. The support tower of the bridge forms a single mast that points due north at a cantilevered angle (42 degrees), allowing it to serve as the gnomon of a sundial. It has been billed as the world's largest sundial,.. although Taipei 101 and the associated sundial design of its adjoining park are much larger. The Sundial Bridge gnomon's shadow is cast upon a large dial to the north of the bridge, although the shadow cast by the tower is exactly accurate on only one day in a year – the summer solstice, June 20 or 21.
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According to the project's website the pyramid was to comprise "three highly polished stainless steel leaning blade-like towers, which cast a shadow onto an enormous elliptical sundial base, telling the date and time". The towers would not meet at the apex, but create "a shifting illusion of a pyramidal structure". The towers were to be clad in "reflective, mirror polished and green-coloured, stainless steel" to reflect light and capture movement. One tower was to have "a locational latitude of 53.25 degrees and is orientated due south to function in a similar, but more scientifically sophisticated manner, to that of the gnomon of an immense sundial".
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A round stone sink with Anglo-Saxon carving, which was found in the churchyard, is believed to be the piscina of the original Anglo-Saxon church. There are three mass-clocks or sundials carved into the stone on the south side of the church. These originally had a projecting metal rod called a gnomon or style to cast a shadow, and were used to divide up the day before clocks existed. A fourth mass-clock on the north side of the church sees no sunshine and is upside down, showing that the stone was reused from the earlier church, which was built c. 940.
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Sun and Moon, Nuremberg Chronicle, 1493 Many methods have been used to simulate mean solar time. The earliest were clepsydras or water clocks, used for almost four millennia from as early as the middle of the 2nd millennium BC until the early 2nd millennium. Before the middle of the 1st millennium BC, the water clocks were only adjusted to agree with the apparent solar day, thus were no better than the shadow cast by a gnomon (a vertical pole), except that they could be used at night. But it has long been known that the Sun moves eastward relative to the fixed stars along the ecliptic.
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He also designed a large-scale gnomon for the church which allowed a thin beam of light to enter the church at noon each day through a hole just beneath the facade's rose window, although it probably was not completed by the time Danti left Florence. There were also discussions between the Duke and Danti about building a canal to place Florence in communication with both the Mediterranean and the Adriatic. However, this ambitious plan was not started before Cosimo's death in 1574. In late September the following year, Cosimo's son, Grand Duke Francesco de' Medici, forced Danti to leave Florence on an uncertain morals charge.
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John H. Collins (November 14, 1902 – January 8, 1981) was an American classical scholar. Born in Anaconda, Montana, he attended the University of Illinois and Cornell University, and in 1952 received his doctorate in classical history from Goethe University in Frankfurt-am-Main where he studied under Professor Matthias Gelzer, then a leading authority on Roman history, and prepared his doctoral dissertation on "Psychology and Propaganda in Caesar's Writings." He was a frequent contributor to Historia, The Classical Journal, and Gnomon, and achieved world recognition as an expert on Julius Caesar. In 1958 he edited with Dero A. Saunders a noted edition of Theodor Mommsen's History of Rome.
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Hipparchus and his predecessors used various instruments for astronomical calculations and observations, such as the gnomon, the astrolabe, and the armillary sphere. Hipparchus is credited with the invention or improvement of several astronomical instruments, which were used for a long time for naked-eye observations. According to Synesius of Ptolemais (4th century) he made the first astrolabion: this may have been an armillary sphere (which Ptolemy however says he constructed, in Almagest V.1); or the predecessor of the planar instrument called astrolabe (also mentioned by Theon of Alexandria). With an astrolabe Hipparchus was the first to be able to measure the geographical latitude and time by observing fixed stars.
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The book contains thirteen chapters, mainly definitions, arithmetical terms, interest computation, arithmetical and geometrical progressions, plane geometry, solid geometry, the shadow of the gnomon, the Kuṭṭaka - a method to solve indeterminate equations, and combinations. Bhaskara II gives the value of pi as 22/7 in the book but suggest a more accurate ratio of 3927/1250 for use in astronomical calculations. Also according to the book, the largest number is the parardha equal to one hundred thousand billion. Lilavati includes a number of methods of computing numbers such as multiplications, squares, and progressions, with examples using kings and elephants, objects which a common man could understand.
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Near the equinoxes in spring and autumn, the sun moves on a circle that is nearly the same as the equatorial plane; hence, no clear shadow is produced on the equatorial dial at those times of year, a drawback of the design. A nodus is sometimes added to equatorial sundials, which allows the sundial to tell the time of year. On any given day, the shadow of the nodus moves on a circle on the equatorial plane, and the radius of the circle measures the declination of the sun. The ends of the gnomon bar may be used as the nodus, or some feature along its length.
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In the equatorial bow sundial, the gnomon is a bar, slot or stretched wire parallel to the celestial axis. The face is a semicircle, corresponding to the equator of the sphere, with markings on the inner surface. This pattern, built a couple of meters wide out of temperature- invariant steel invar, was used to keep the trains running on time in France before World War I. Among the most precise sundials ever made are two equatorial bows constructed of marble found in Yantra mandir. This collection of sundials and other astronomical instruments was built by Maharaja Jai Singh II at his then-new capital of Jaipur, India between 1727 and 1733.
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A sundial cannon, sometimes called a 'meridian cannon', is a specialized sundial that is designed to create an 'audible noonmark', by automatically igniting a quantity of gunpowder at noon. These were novelties rather than precision sundials, sometimes installed in parks in Europe mainly in the late 18th or early 19th century. They typically consist of a horizontal sundial, which has in addition to a gnomon a suitably mounted lens, set to focus the rays of the sun at exactly noon on the firing pan of a miniature cannon loaded with gunpowder (but no ball). To function properly the position and angle of the lens must be adjusted seasonally.
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Peter declares that Jesus is "the Christ", the Anointed One. Jesus tells them to keep this a secret. Jesus tells them that he must be persecuted by the priests and teachers and killed, and after three days rise again. Peter takes Jesus to one side and begins to rebuke him; Jesus turns back to look at his disciples and rebukes Peter in return (both verses 32 and 33 use the , epitimaó, "to rebuke" Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on Mark 8, accessed 26 November 2017): :Get thee behind me, Satan: for thou savourest not the things that be of God, but the things that be of men.
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Sciothericum telescopicum was a sundial (sciothericum) that incorporated a telescope (telescopicum) for greater accuracy in determining exactly when noon occurred. It was invented by William Molyneux in Ireland in 1686.William Molyneux, “A New Contrivance of Adapting a Telescope to an Horizontal Dial for Observing the moment of Time by Day or Night”, printed by Andrew Cook and Samuel Helsham, 1686 The device used a telescopic site to determine the position of the center of the sun relative to a double gnomon and could thus determine the time of noon to within 15 seconds. The improved accuracy was important for geography, navigation and astronomy calculations.
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The Romans, however, had adapted their timekeeping system from the Ancient Greek. The historical trail leads from there to ancient Mesopotamia through the ancient Greek colonies placed on the coast of Anatolia in the 1st millennium BC. The first known historian, Herodotus of Halicarnassus, who was a native of that border region, made the identification: :” the sunclock (polon) and the sundial (gnomon), and the twelve divisions of the day, came to Hellas not from Egypt but from Babylonia.”Book II, Section 109. The polos (“pole”) was a sundial of a concave face resembling the concavity of the universe (named a “pole” in this case).
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He also devoted himself to advancing his general education by the aid of dictionaries and grammars, proceeding also to acquire some Latin and Greek. He gradually purchased Sir John Hill's edition of the Herbal, Joseph Pitton de Tournefort's Herbal, James Rennie's Medical Botany, and works on astrology and astronomy. Duncan never possessed a watch after he left Aberdeen, but became an expert dialler, and made himself a pocket sun-dial on James Ferguson's model. From his outdoor habits of astronomical observation he was nicknamed Johnnie Meen, or Moon, and also 'the Nogman', from his queer pronunciation of the word gnomon, which he often used.
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Far more radical in its structure, the Puente del Alamillo (1992) uses a single cantilever spar on one side of the span, with cables on one side only to support the bridge deck. Unlike other cable-stayed types, this bridge exerts considerable overturning force upon its foundation and the spar must resist the bending caused by the cables, as the cable forces are not balanced by opposing cables. The spar of this particular bridge forms the gnomon of a large garden sundial. Related bridges by the architect Santiago Calatrava include the Puente de la Mujer (2001), Sundial Bridge (2004), Chords Bridge (2008), and Assut de l'Or Bridge (2008).
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In 1669, the Kangxi Emperor managed to take power by having the remaining (corrupt) regent, Oboi, arrested. In the same year, the emperor was informed that serious errors had been found in the calendar for 1670, which had been drawn up by Yang Guangxian. Kangxi commanded a public test to compare the merits of European and Chinese astronomy. The test was to predict three things: the length of the shadow thrown by a gnomon of a given height at noon of a certain day; the absolute and relative positions of the Sun and the planets on a given date; and the exact time of an anticipated lunar eclipse.
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Piazza Santa Maria Novella Giorgio Vasari was the architect, commissioned in 1567 by Grand Duke Cosimo I, for the first remodelling of the church, which included removing its original rood screen and loft, and adding six chapels between the columns. An armillary sphere (on the left) and a gnomon (on the right) were added to the end blind arches of the lower façade by Ignazio Danti, astronomer of Cosimo I, in 1572. The second remodelling was designed by Enrico Romoli, and was carried out between 1858 and 1860. The square in front the church was used by Cosimo I for the yearly chariot race (Palio dei Cocchi).
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Lithographic drawing illustrative of the relation between the human physiognomy and that of the brute creation, by Charles Le Brun (1619-1690). Illustration in a 19th-century book about physiognomy Physiognomy (from the Greek φύσις physis meaning "nature" and gnomon meaning "judge" or "interpreter") is the practice of assessing a person's character or personality from their outer appearance—especially the face. The term can also refer to the general appearance of a person, object, or terrain without reference to its implied characteristics—as in the physiognomy of an individual plant (see plant life-form) or of a plant community (see vegetation). Credence of such study has varied.
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Gnomon hole in the stained glass window at Saint Sulpice The sunlight passes through a small round opening in the southern stained-glass window of the transept, at a height of 25 metres, forming a small light disk on the floor; this disk will cross the meridian each time the sun reaches its zenith at true noon.Rougé, pp.5-6 The sun will cross different parts of the meridian depending the time of year, as the sun will be more or less high in the sky at noon. A point on the meridian is marked with a gold disk which shows the position of the sun at an equinox.
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Since the Council of Nicaea in 325, the Western Church had required that Easter be celebrated on the Sunday on or after the full moon following March 21, which at that time corresponded indeed to the vernal equinox. The Julian calendar being imprecise however, by the 16th century March 21 fell about 10 days after the vernal equinox, a problem that was solved by the introduction of the Gregorian calendar. (The Eastern Christian Church continues to date Easter by the Julian calendar.) Languet de Gergy, however, wished to verify independently the exact date of the vernal equinox through the gnomon in order to ascertain the date of Easter.
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The bronze sculpture is monitored, cleaned, and treated regularly by the IMA art conservation staff. The surface of the bronze is protected from deterioration and corrosion by the yearly application of a fresh coat of hard wax. This sculpture was surveyed in July 1993 of as part of the Smithsonian American Art Museum's Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture database, and it was considered to be well maintained. In 2004 the IMA conservation staff undertook a major treatment of the sculpture in which the surface was repatinated to unify the color and improve its readability, and the newly fabricated wire and spider gnomon were added to restore the functionality of the sundial.
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Toscanelli along with Nicholas of Cusa appears to have belonged to a network of Florentine and Roman intellectuals who searched for and studied Greek mathematical works, along with Filelfo, George of Trebizond, and the humanist Pope Nicholas V, in company with Alberti and Brunelleschi. Around 1468 Toscanelli devised the gnomon still to be seen in the Florence Cathedral. A bronze plate let into the dome high above the left transept, and a circular white marble slab let into the floor of the cathedral, which records the summer solstice to a half-second. This was then and subsequently used for centuries for other calculations such as the regular movement of the Sun, effectively a camera obscura.
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The stone courtyard that is adjacent to the rear of the memorial, and sits between it and the south entrance to the Cathedral of Learning, is dedicated to memorial benefactor Josiah Kirby Lilly and is named in his honor. On the grounds of the memorial, near the Foster Shrine pavilion, sits a sundial on a stone base, currently missing its gnomon, that was dedicated May 1914 to the Pittsburgh Blues of the War of 1812 by the Dolly Madison Chapter, U.S. Daughters of 1812. The sun dial was rededicated there on May 9, 1941. The memorial building houses two theaters and, connected via a hallway, a memorial shrine dedicated to displaying items from the university's Foster Hall Collection.
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Three-dimensional drawing of the Viking sundial (stamp illustration) with a conical vertical gnomon and its shadow, the endpoint of which touches the hyperbola scratched into the horizontal wooden disc During the Viking Age (900-1200 AD) Vikings were the dominant seafarers of the North Atlantic. One of the keys to their success was the ability to navigate skillfully across the open waters. The Vikings were experts in judging speed and wind direction, and in knowing the current and when to expect high and low tides. Viking navigational techniques are not well understood, but historians postulate that the Vikings probably had some sort of primitive astrolabe and used the stars to plot their course.
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Guo > Yuansheng, in his Shu Zheng Ji (Records of Military Expeditions), says that > south of the palaces there was a Ling Tai, fifteen ren (120 feet) high, upon > the top of which was the armillary sphere made by Zhang Heng. Also there was > a wind-indicating bronze bird (xiang feng tong wu), which was moved by the > wind; and it was said that the bird moved when a 1000-li wind was blowing. > There was also a bronze gnomon 8 feet high, with a 13 feet long and 1 foot 2 > inches broad. According to an inscription, this was set up in the 4th year > of the Taichu reign-period (101 BCE).
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There are theories that occurrences of camera obscura effects (through tiny holes in tents or in screens of animal hide) inspired paleolithic cave paintings. Distortions in the shapes of animals in many paleolithic cave artworks might be inspired by distortions seen when the surface on which an image was projected was not straight or not in the right angle. It is also suggested that camera obscura projections could have played a role in Neolithic structures. The gnomon projection on the floor of Florence Cathedral during the solstice on 21 June 2012 Perforated gnomons projecting a pinhole image of the sun were described in the Chinese Zhoubi Suanjing writings (1046 BCE–256 BCE with material added until circa 220 CE).
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To the west of the hall is a ha-ha in rubble sandstone dating from the 18th century. It was built to act as a barrier between the west side of the garden and the deer park beyond it, and is listed Grade II. Immediately to the south of the hall is a circular lawn, in the centre of which is a sundial that probably dates from about 1825. Constructed in ashlar buff sandstone and standing on a pair of circular steps, it consists of an octagonal base with a partly fluted baluster supporting an octagonal moulded capstone. The capstone carries a copper plate inscribed with Roman numerals and the initials "TL", and has a simple triangular gnomon.
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Acker wrote, directed, and co-animated the award-winning animated short film 9, which won a student award and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film and was shown at SIGGRAPH Electronic Theater. Tim Burton (Beetlejuice, Batman and The Nightmare Before Christmas) saw Acker's short film and, with the help of Timur Bekmambetov (director of Wanted) from Focus Features, produced the feature film with Attitude Studios in Luxembourg and Starz Animation in Toronto, with Acker as the head director and storywriter. He is also a visiting professor at Loyola Marymount University. From January 2009 to 2010 Acker worked as an instructor for an advanced animation class at the Gnomon School of Visual Effects.
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Umayyad Mosque, also known as the Grand Mosque of Damascus The art of sundial design is to produce a dial that accurately displays local time. Sundial designers have also been fascinated by the mathematics of the dial and possible new ways of displaying the information. Modern dialling started in the tenth century when Arab astronomers made the great discovery that a gnomon parallel to the Earth's axis will produce sundials whose hour lines show equal hours or legal hours on any day of the year: the dial of Ibn al-Shatir in the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus is the oldest dial of this type. Dials of this type appeared in Austria and Germany in the 1440s.
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Latin and French inscriptions at the base of the obelisk of the Gnomon of Saint-Sulpice, mentioning Pierre Charles Claude Le Monnier. His persistent recommendation of British methods and instruments contributed effectively to the reform of French practical astronomy, and constituted the most eminent of his services to science. He corresponded with James Bradley, was the first to represent the effects of nutation in the solar tables, and introduced, in 1741, the use of the transit-instrument at the Paris Observatory. He visited England in 1748, and, in company with the Earl of Morton and James Shore the optician, continued his journey to Scotland, where he observed the annular eclipse of 25 July.
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The duration of the planetary revolutions during a mahayuga is given as 4.32 million years. 2\. Ganitapada (33 verses): covering mensuration (kṣetra vyāvahāra); arithmetic and geometric progressions; gnomon/shadows (shanku- chhAyA); and simple, quadratic, simultaneous, and indeterminate equations (Kuṭṭaka). 3\. Kalakriyapada (25 verses): different units of time and a method for determining the positions of planets for a given day, calculations concerning the intercalary month (adhikamAsa), kShaya-tithis, and a seven-day week with names for the days of week. 4\. Golapada (50 verses): Geometric/trigonometric aspects of the celestial sphere, features of the ecliptic, celestial equator, node, shape of the earth, cause of day and night, rising of zodiacal signs on horizon, etc.
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The Solarium Augusti was integrated with the Ara Pacis in the Campus Martius, aligning with Via Flaminia, in such a way that the shadow of the gnomon fell across the center of the marble altar on 23 September, the birthday of Augustus himself. The obelisk itself was set up to memorialize Augustus' subordination of Egypt to the control of the Roman empire. The two monuments must have been planned together, in relation to the pre-existing Mausoleum of Augustus, to demonstrate that Augustus was "born to bring peace", that peace was his destiny.Peter J. Holliday, "Time, History, and Ritual on the Ara Pacis Augustae" The Art Bulletin 72.4 (December 1990:542-557) p. 554.
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A page of the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art One of the earliest surviving mathematical treatises of ancient China is the Book on Numbers and Computation (Suan shu shu), part of the Zhangjiashan Han bamboo texts dated 202 to 186 BCE and found in Jiangling County, Hubei.Liu et al. (2003), 9. Another mathematical text compiled during the Han was The Arithmetical Classic of the Gnomon and the Circular Paths of Heaven (Zhoubi Suanjing), dated no earlier than the 1st century BCE (from perhaps multiple authors) and contained materials similar to those described by Yang Xiong in 15 BCE, yet the zhoubi school of mathematics was not explicitly mentioned until Cai Yong's (132–192 CE) commentary of 180.
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The shadow is seen by falling on a receiving surface that is usually flat, but which may be spherical, cylindrical, conical or of other shapes. If the shadow falls on a surface that is symmetrical about the celestial axis (as in an armillary sphere, or an equatorial dial), the surface-shadow likewise moves uniformly; the hour-lines on the sundial are equally spaced. However, if the receiving surface is not symmetrical (as in most horizontal sundials), the surface shadow generally moves non-uniformly and the hour-lines are not equally spaced; one exception is the Lambert dial described below. Some types of sundials are designed with a fixed gnomon that is not aligned with the celestial poles like a vertical obelisk.
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Bengel's hope that the Gnomon would help to rekindle a fresh interest in the study of the New Testament was fully realized. It has passed through many editions, has been translated into German and into English (by Charlton T. Lewis and Marvin Vincent in 1860), and is still valued by expositors of the New Testament. Methodist founder John Wesley made great use of it in compiling his Expository Notes upon the New Testament (1755), despite an initial inclination towards "consulting none but the inspired writers".Wesley, J. (1754), Preface to the New Testament Notes, Wesley Center Online, accessed 11 August 2020 Besides the two works already described, Bengel was the editor or author of many others, classical, patristic, ecclesiastical and expository.
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Because of his inheritance, Molyneux was financially independent.James G. O'Hara, 'Molyneux, William (1656–1698)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 accessed 4 November 2008 Nonetheless, he held a number of official positions throughout his life. He was appointed Joint Surveyor General of the King's buildings and works in Ireland in 1684. In 1687 he invented a new type of sundial called a Sciothericum telescopicum that used special double gnomon and a telescope to measure the time of noon to within 15 seconds. He represented Dublin University in Parliament from 1692 until his death. He had also served as a commissioner of forfeited estates in 1693, resigning a few months later due to ill health.
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There are statues of Milne's son, Christopher Robin, and his character Owl in the garden, and also a sundial with a gnomon in the shape of a quill and a base carved with images of Pooh characters, including Piglet, Tigger and Roo, the initials "AAM", the words "This warm and sunny spot belongs to Pooh, And here he wonders what it's time to do". A stream runs through trees along the southern boundary of the garden, with Poohsticks Bridge approximately upstream to the west. After being owned by an American couple, the Taylors, who installed an outdoor swimming pool, the house was bought by Rolling Stones band member Brian Jones. He drowned in the swimming pool in July 1969, aged twenty-seven.
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The pinhole- projected image of the Sun on the floor at Florence Cathedral. Cassini measured a similar image over a year at San Petronio Basilica to try to prove the Earth orbited the Sun. In San Petronio, Bologna, Cassini convinced church officials to create an improved sundial meridian line at the San Petronio Basilica, moving the pinhole gnomon that projected the Sun's image up into the church's vaults 66.8 meters (219 ft) away from the meridian inscribed in the floor. The much larger image of the Sun's disk projected by the camera obscura effect allowed him to measure the change in diameter of the Sun's disk over the year as the Earth moved toward and then away from the Sun.
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10-14 The task was given to Pierre-Charles Le Monnier, member of the French Academy of Sciences. equinoctial marker The inscription at the base of the obelisk mentions Charles Claude Le Monnier, as well as the mission of the gnomon in Latin: "Ad Certam Paschalis Æquinoctii Explorationem" ("To determine precisely the Paschal Equinox"). The dating of Easter was modeled on that of the Jewish Passover, which marks the liberation of the Jews from Egypt and which traditionally falls in the Jewish lunar calendar on the 14th of the month of Nisan, the day of the first full moon after the vernal (spring) equinox. Roman Christians however had a twelve-month calendar, first the Julian calendar until 1582, and then the Gregorian calendar.
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APIN, contains catalogues of stars and constellations as well as schemes for predicting heliacal risings and the settings of the planets, lengths of daylight measured by a water clock, gnomon, shadows, and intercalations. The Babylonian GU text arranges stars in 'strings' that lie along declination circles and thus measure right-ascensions or time-intervals, and also employs the stars of the zenith, which are also separated by given right-ascensional differences. A significant increase in the quality and frequency of Babylonian observations appeared during the reign of Nabonassar (747–733 BC). The systematic records of ominous phenomena in Babylonian astronomical diaries that began at this time allowed for the discovery of a repeating 18-year cycle of lunar eclipses, for example.
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The school grounds contain mature trees, including: rows of camphor laurels (Cinnamomum camphora) and figs (likely weeping fig, Ficus benjamina). The trees stand to the southwestern side of the former Thompson Estate, at the boundary to and Cavendish Road and in a row away from the road, and lining the retaining wall of the playing field near Halstead Street. At some locations, these are in lines marking the former boundaries of the school grounds. Sundial from the north-west A sundial stands in the grounds in one of the large formerly-open playing terraces to the southwest of Block B (near the northeast corner of Block C). It has a sandstone base and the flat top holds a brass plate of the sundial although the gnomon has been removed.
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Needham (1986), Volume 4, Part 2, 473–475. The famous clock tower that the Chinese polymath Su Song built by 1094 during the Song Dynasty would employ Yi Xing's escapement with waterwheel scoops filled by clepsydra drip, and powered a crowning armillary sphere, a central celestial globe, and mechanically operated manikins that would exit mechanically opened doors of the clock tower at specific times to ring bells and gongs to announce the time, or to hold plaques announcing special times of the day. There was also the scientist and statesman Shen Kuo (1031–1095). Being the head official for the Bureau of Astronomy, Shen Kuo was an avid scholar of astronomy, and improved the designs of several astronomical instruments: the gnomon, armillary sphere, clepsydra clock, and sighting tube fixed to observe the pole star indefinitely.
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Following the hospital, Bean visits Windsor Castle where he takes a few photographs, including one of the inside of a dustbin and another of a nude statue after covering the private part with a plastic wrapper from the bin. He then pries the gnomon off a sundial to place his Polaroid camera on the stand, in order to get a photo of himself with a Queen's Guard (Rupert Vansittart). He dresses the guard up with flowers and other things, trims his moustache (into a toothbrush style, similar to that of Adolf Hitler and Charlie Chaplin) and hangs Teddy off his bayonet. While Bean is doing this, the guard attempts to remain motionless (which proves difficult as especially when Bean starts to dangerously clean the trigger of his rifle).
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Tip of Shadow on Name The memorial was conceived to be a place of quiet meditation to contemplate the nature of the Vietnam War and also to be a place of ceremony to honor those lost in this conflict. The hours of the sundial represent the years of the war, thus each sector between the walkways includes one year of Kentucky losses. The length of the shadow of the gnomon varies with the date of the year, with the longest shadows at the Winter Solstice on December 21 and the shortest on June 21, the Summer Solstice. Each name on the plaza is placed on the sunline for the date of death between these extremes, The exact time of this anniversary is unique for each name, but does not vary from year to year.
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Obelisk of Pharao Psamtik II, not called "Obelisk of Montecitorio", used as a Roman sundial, the famous Horologium Augusti, in Rome. In the background is the Italian Chamber of Deputies building Augustus erected it as the gnomon of the Solarium Augusti, his giant sundial (or horologium) in the Campus Martius. The meridian, worked out by the mathematician Facondius Novus, was placed in the center of a surface measuring , constructed from slabs of travertine, on which a quadrant was marked out with bronze letters, with indications of the hours, months, seasons and signs of the zodiac. Besides its function as a solar clock, the obelisk was oriented in such manner so as to cast its shadow on the nearby Ara Pacis on 23 September, Augustus's birthday, which coincided with the autumnal equinox.
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Unlike the texts in Matthew and Mark, Luke states that "perhaps" (, isōs, "probably" in the NKJV and in Marvin Vincent's interpretation) Vincent, M. (1886), Vincent's Word Studies on Luke 20, accessed 13 July 2018 they will respect the owner's son. The word ἴσως is not used elsewhere in the New Testament. It appears once in the Septuagint version of the Hebrew Bible, at , where the Greek is translated as "perhaps", but as "surely" in many English translations based on the Hebrew text.BibleGateway.com, Translations of 1 Samuel 25:21, accessed 13 July 2018Bengel, J., Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on Luke 20, accessed 13 July 2018 As the parable continues, the wicked husbandmen conspire to kill the son, in the expectation that the vineyard would pass to them.
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The courtyard complex was reserved for the private quarters of the emperor and was built around another peristyle garden surrounded by a colonnade on two levels, the upper containing complex sets of rooms and the lower, 10 m below ground level, consisting of a pool with an unusual design of islands consisting of four peltas, typical moon-shaped shields of the Amazons, all surfaces being originally faced with marble. On the southwest side of this complex is the great exedra, a long curving arcaded gallery linking two wings, overlooking the Circus Maximus to the southwest allowing the emperor to watch the races. It may have had an ornamental façade, perhaps added by Trajan when the seats of the circus were carried up thus far (Gnomon, 1927, p. 593 Verlag C.H.Beck).
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The main use of a shadow square is to measure the linear height of an object using its shadow. It does so by simulating the ratio between an object, generally a gnomon, and its shadow. If the sun's ray is between 0 degrees and 45 degrees the umbra versa (Vertical axis) is used, between 45 degrees and 90 degrees the umbra recta (Horizontal axis) is used and when the sun's ray is at 45 degrees its shadow falls exactly on the umbra media (y=x) It was used during the time of medieval astronomy to determine the height of, and to track the movement of celestial bodies such as the sun when more advanced measurement methods were not available. These methods can still be used today to determine the altitude, with reference to the horizon, of any visible celestial body.
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Reviewed by Hugh Lloyd-Jones in "Gnomon" 35 (1963), pp. 446–447 The tragedy featured also many moral maxims on the theme of marriage, preserved in the Anthologion of Stobaeus. The most striking lines, however, state that in this play Oedipus was blinded by Laius' attendants, and that this happened before his identity as Laius' son had been discovered, therefore marking important differences with the Sophoclean treatment of the myth, which is now regarded as the 'standard' version. Many attempts have been made to reconstruct the plot of the play, but none of them is more than hypothetical, because of the scanty remains that survive from its text and of the total absence of ancient descriptions or résumés – though it has been suggested that a part of Hyginus' narration of the Oedipus myth might in fact derive from Euripides' play.
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St Michael's from Barnfield In the churchyard is a sundial made of sandstone dating probably from the 18th century with a 20th- century top. It consists of a fluted circular column without a base set into a circular slab and capped with a Tuscan capital which carries a round bronze dial and a gnomon. It is listed at Grade II. Also in the churchyard and listed Grade II are a tomb chest to Edward and Dorothy King dating from the early 19th century, a tomb chest to Edward and Elizabeth Birley dating from around 1836, and a monument in the style of a Gothic tabernacle to William Birley and others dating from the middle of the 19th century. The churchyard and its extension contain the war graves of three service personnel of World War I, and ten of World War II.
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Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on Luke 1, accessed 13 May 2018 Luke also states he is not himself an eyewitness but belongs to another generation that received its information from "eyewitnesses" to these events in a previous generation. Some argue Luke thus states that he is getting his information from the disciples and Apostles, which the tradition about Luke being a follower of Paul accords with. Luke, however, does not say explicitly that he knew or interviewed Jesus' disciples, at least in the Gospel, and so some think "handed down to us" means the traditions and other documents about Jesus that came from witnesses of the previous generation, which Luke carefully researched, not necessarily from someone Luke actually knew. Some sections of Acts, however, have the author relating events with the author and Paul together.
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MPA offers over 70 extracurricular opportunities. Almost all students participate in at least one activity. Upper School (9-12) Activities: Admission Ambassadors, Chess Club, Debate Team, Diversity Club, Environmental Club, Entrepreneurship Club, French Club, Gender Sexual Action, International Thespian Society, Math League, National Honor Society, Newspaper (Free Thinker), Peer Leaders, Quiz Bowl, Robotics Team, Sailing Team, Social Consciousness Club, Spanish Club, Speech Team, Spring Show, Student Council, Winter Show, and Yearbook (Gnomon). Middle School (5-8) Activities: Band, Book Festival Chess Club, Choir, Coding Club, Destination Imagination (7&8), Dynamic Cartoons, Fencing, French Cooking, Karate, Lego Robotics, Mad Science, Math Counts (7&8), Math Masters (5&6), Middle School Dances, Middle School Play, MPA Spring Musical, Orchestra, Piano Lessons, Quiz Bowl (7&8), Sailing Club (7&8), Science Club, Sports Club (5th Grade), Student Council, Swim Team and World Language Contests.
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SUNDIAL attempting to have a 10 Gt yield, while the Gnomon and TAV designs attempted to produce a yield of 1 Gt.Bowen and Little, "AF Atomic Energy Program" Vol I–V RS. Authors: Lee Bowen and Stuart Little. A freedom of information request was filed (FOIA 13-00049-K) for information on the three above US designs. The request was denied under statutory exemptions relating to classified material; the denial was appealed, but the request was finally denied again in April 2016. Following the concern caused by the estimated gigaton scale of the 1994 Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 impacts on the planet Jupiter, in a 1995 meeting at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Edward Teller proposed to a collective of U.S. and Russian ex-Cold War weapons designers that they collaborate on designing a 1000-megaton nuclear explosive device for diverting extinction-class asteroids (10+ km in diameter), which would be employed in the event that one of these asteroids were on an impact trajectory with Earth.
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The gnomon projection on the floor of the Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral during the solstice on 21 June 2012 Perforated gnomons projecting a pinhole image of the Sun were described in the Chinese Zhoubi Suanjing writings (1046 BCE—256 BC with material added until circa 220 AD). The location of the bright circle can be measured to tell the time of day and year. In Arab and European cultures its invention was much later attributed to Egyptian astronomer and mathematician Ibn Yunus around 1000 AD. Italian astronomer, mathematician and cosmographer Paolo Toscanelli is associated with the 1475 placement of a bronze plate with a round hole in the dome of the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence to project an image of the Sun on the cathedral's floor. With markings on the floor it tells the exact time of each midday (reportedly to within half a second) as well as the date of the summer solstice.
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Geometric proof of the Pythagorean theorem from the Zhoubi Suanjing. With contents known much earlier, but in surviving texts dating from roughly the 1st century BC, the Chinese text Zhoubi Suanjing (周髀算经), (The Arithmetical Classic of the Gnomon and the Circular Paths of Heaven) gives a reasoning for the Pythagorean theorem for the (3, 4, 5) triangle—in China it is called the "Gougu theorem" (勾股定理). A rather extensive discussion of the origins of the various texts in the Zhou Bi is provided by During the Han Dynasty (202 BC to 220 AD), Pythagorean triples appear in The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art, This work is a compilation of 246 problems, some of which survived the book burning of 213 BC, and was put in final form before 100 AD. It was extensively commented upon by Liu Hui in 263 AD. See particularly §3: Nine chapters on the mathematical art, pp. 71 ff.
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Verses 44-50 represent the close of Jesus' public ministry. He "cries out" (verse 44), a phrase which the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges says "implies public teaching".Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on John 12, accessed 2 June 2016 - emphasis in original Verse 36 ("These things Jesus spoke, and departed, and was hidden from them") indicate that the final verses of the chapter act as an "epilogue and recapitulation",Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament on John 12, accessed 14 June 2016, also Welsey's Notes on John 12, accessed 14 June 2016 "a sort of summary and winding up of His whole testimony",Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary on John 12, accessed 14 June 2016 or "the thoughts of St. John as he looked back on the unbelief of Judaism".Ellicott's Commentary for Modern Readers on John 12, accessed 8 June 2016 The evangelist summarises Jesus' mission: he was sent by God the Father to offer eternal life (verse 50).
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Cleomedes, Caelestia, i.7.49-52. Cleomedes invites his reader to consider two Egyptian cities, Alexandria and Syene, modern Assuan: # Cleomedes assumes that the distance between Syene and Alexandria was 5,000 stadia (a figure that was checked yearly by professional bematists, mensores regii);Martianus Capella, De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii, VI.598. # he assumes the simplified (but false) hypothesis that Syene was precisely on the Tropic of Cancer, saying that at local noon on the summer solstice the Sun was directly overhead; # he assumes the simplified (but false) hypothesis that Syene and Alexandria are on the same meridian. Under the previous assumptions, says Cleomedes, you can measure the Sun's angle of elevation at noon of the summer solstice in Alexandria, by using a vertical rod (a gnomon) of known length and measuring the length of its shadow on the ground; it is then possible to calculated the angle of the Sun's rays, which he claims to be about 7°, or 1/50th the circumference of a circle.
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The obelisk (in the background), the meridian brass line on the floor, and the southern plaque Some interpretations of the gnomon at Saint-Sulpice give it an occult meaning. The author Dan Brown in The Da Vinci Code describes it as "a pagan astronomical instrument (...) an ancient sundial of sorts, vestige of the pagan temple that had once stood on this very spot", despite an early modern building date of 1714, and the fact that it is an astronomical device with nothing especially pagan about it. Brown also qualifies the obelisk as "Egyptian" despite its recent date of manufacture in 1743: "a most unexpected structure, a colossal Egyptian obelisk". He also equates the Saint-Sulpice meridian with the Paris Meridian, although they are different, being several hundred meters apart: "Long before the establishment of Greenwhich as the prime meridian, the zero longitude had passed through Paris and through the Church of Saint-Sulpice".
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Expositor's Greek Testament on John 13. accessed 20 June 2016 John 13:5 says that Jesus began to wash their feet: the washing was interrupted by Peter's initial refusal to allow Jesus to wash his feet, but John 13:12 suggests that the task was later completed and the feet of all the Disciples were washed, including those of Judas,Bengel's Gnomon on John 13, accessed 16 June 2016 as Jesus there took back His garments and reclined [at table] again. The interruption consists of a question from Peter, "Lord (, Kyrie), are You washing my feet?", Jesus' reply that at present they would not understand what He was doing, Peter's refusal to have Jesus wash his feet, Jesus' reply that "If I do not wash you, you have no part with Me", Peter's willingness to have his whole body washed by Jesus, and Jesus' closing statement that "He who is bathed needs only to wash his feet, but is completely clean; and you are clean, but not all of you". The evangelist adds a note, "He knew who would betray Him; therefore He said, “You are not all clean" (John 13:6-10).
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Mathematical proof for the Pythagorean theorem (in Chinese: 勾股定理) as seen in the treatise Zhoubi Suanjing compiled during the Han dynasty The Zhoubi suanjing, written in dialogue form and with regularly presented problems, is concerned with the application of mathematics to astronomy. In one problem which sought to determine the height of the Sun from the Earth and the diameter of the Sun, Chen Zi (陳子) instructs Rong Fang (榮方) to wait until the shadow cast by the 8 chi tall gnomon is 6 chi (one chi during the Han was 33 cm), so that a 3-4-5 right-angle triangle can be constructed where the base is 60,000 li (one li during the Han was the equivalent of 415 m or 1362 ft), the hypotenuse leading towards the sun is 100,000 li, and the height of the sun is 80,000 li.Dauben (2007), 219. Like the Jiuzhang suanshu, the Zhoubi suanjing also gives mathematical proof for the "Gougu Theorem" (勾股定理; i.e. where c is the length of the hypotenuse and a and b are the lengths of the other two sides, respectively, a2 \+ b2 = c2), which is known as the Pythagorean theorem in the West after the Greek mathematician Pythagoras (fl.
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