Two Nobel prizes have been awarded for elucidating its function.
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Nothing would be more boring to you or me than elucidating how, or why.
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The Times published a five-chapter special section last week elucidating the Trump-Russia story.
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Clinton spent more time ridiculing and dismantling Mr. Trump's statements than she did elucidating her positions.
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But I thought I did a much better job of elucidating my vision for New York.
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Nevertheless, walking around the neighborhood and getting to know the organization and its mission was elucidating.
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For now, you'll have to settle for a potted plant in place of our normal elucidating commentary.
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In an elucidating way, Trump's confused and hastily concocted foreign policy advice closely mirrors a medical error.
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The study was particularly helpful in elucidating the correlations between mood problems and so-called personality disorders.
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But Vonshak believes in its potential, even though elucidating precisely what that potential is right now isn't easy.
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But once decided, he acted unilaterally to increase the size of the Army without elucidating lines of command.
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They too saw activation in many areas of the frontal and temporal lobes, confirming, but not elucidating, previous findings.
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Articulating and elucidating the public on these points is not only consistent with our academic mission; it is our responsibility.
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Rage is a destructive emotion in this equation, but within art, it is also radical and, in rare moments, elucidating.
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What's evident with the Reveal post is that the rule isn't simply elucidating users on what's political—it's censoring crucial news.
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To lead the project, Cohn tapped Paul Reber, a Northwestern neuroscientist who has spent his career elucidating how unconscious learning works.
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"(We) strongly endorse U.N. Rapporteur Agnes Callamard's recommendations for elucidating Khashoggi's murder and holding those responsible accountable," Cavusoglu said on Twitter.
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The authors of "Kissinger the Negotiator" have done a great service in elucidating the actions of a very skilled American diplomat.
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Elucidating this relationship provides a critical opportunity for me to transition from the personal and interpersonal to the institutional and cultural.
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Policy makers have earmarked funding for conservation, yet there is little information elucidating how and where this money will be spent.
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To be fair, the best fiction can help people deal with trauma by elucidating its causes and pointing at a way out.
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He would return the next year for another exam, then tell his parents, without elucidating why, that he wanted to drop out.
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Isabella L. Karle, whose experiments elucidating the shapes of molecules contributed crucially to her husband's Nobel Prize in Chemistry, died on Oct.
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But Kaplan has a gift for elucidating abstract concepts, cutting through national security jargon and showing how leaders confront (or avoid) dilemmas.
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Berges is widely seen as leading the theoretical effort, with a series of seminal papers since 2008 elucidating the physics of universal scaling.
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For a more elucidating Mija-meets-Skrillex anecdote, rewind to when she was 20103, a self-made rave promoter in the Arizona underground.
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For a more elucidating Mija-meets-Skrillex anecdote, rewind to when she was 18, a self-made rave promoter in the Arizona underground.
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The political press is better off elucidating and defending those values than speculating about whether trashing them yields a bump in the polls.
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All pertinent witnesses and all elucidating avenues must be pursued so that the full facts will emerge and justice will indeed be done.
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In elucidating her own life, Civil pays homage to the others who have inspired her, the many wombs in which she was born.
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Nobody, the aphorism goes, is elucidating anything particularly painful or ugly; bad moods or breakups or mental breakdowns don't make it to the feed.
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Fortunately, the tales of their adventures and misadventures make up the majority of her elucidating first book, about the working poor in the Midwest.
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Elucidating in this way the broader principles of how a particular AI makes decisions might be useful when preparing it for deployment in the world.
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I found a sidewalk debate between two older gentlemen in Wales — one "Leave" voter and one "remain" voter — more elucidating than anything coming out of Westminster.
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But YouTube is also going to—I hope, please, Gods of YouTube—recommend this particular video to people, which I hope will be elucidating and illuminating.
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Bannon's contributions include sharpening and elucidating the America First policy on trade, against foreign intervention, tax rates, immigration, and the general direction of the country's future.
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Lynn Margulis, for instance, fundamentally revised our understanding of eukaryote evolution, elucidating how nature's most complex cells, including our own, arose when simpler cells joined together.
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This final conversation was quite elucidating, as it put much of the work between Crissman and Poe, as well as the duo and Mazzei, into new perspective.
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He had spent years studying cell biology, elucidating mechanisms of gene regulation that might prime breast cells to travel to the bone instead of to the brain.
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SAD is now one of the largest offshoots of Subtle Asian Traits, elucidating the absurdities and anxieties that come with dating as an Asian in a Western society.
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Unfortunately, it was poorly executed, with draft remarks leaking ahead of publication, and the discussion may have been too erudite, obscuring rather than elucidating the minister's intended message.
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Kim Nasmyth, University of Oxford For elucidating the sophisticated mechanism that mediates the perilous separation of duplicated chromosomes during cell division and thereby prevents genetic diseases such as cancer.
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Peter Walter, UC San Francisco For elucidating the unfolded protein response, a cellular quality-control system that detects disease-causing unfolded proteins and directs cells to take corrective measures.
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Kazutoshi Mori, Kyoto University Also, for elucidating the unfolded protein response, a cellular quality-control system that detects disease-causing unfolded proteins and directs cells to take corrective measures.
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Among the challenges in elucidating the microbiome's role in health and disease is determining whether changes found in the microorganisms inhabiting various organs are a cause or an effect.
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Psychological insight had changed Morgan's life, and he rarely told a story without shading in the emotional details, elucidating how his inner wounds had led him to harm others.
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The company&aposs internal brand positioning deck, one of several elucidating documents that Patrick obtained, outline Peloton&aposs ideals and highlight what Peloton is, and what it&aposs not.
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To the Editor: Anna Louie Sussman's heartfelt, if also concerning, piece on modern reproduction decisions is elucidating, especially for an older generation such as mine, whose concern was overpopulating the world.
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On the title track, a group improvisation, Mr. Garrison lays a framework of looped chords and effects, over which Ravi Coltrane ventures a soprano saxophone melody, elucidating a song form in real time.
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Elucidating the functions of these yeasts might bring scientists closer to synthesizing lichens in the lab, a feat that would allow researchers to study lichens without having to collect them from the field.
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The referee man hung out on the monitor enough for ABC to play the replay like 45 times, with no particularly elucidating angle, and came up confirming the ruling on the field: first down.
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Learning about the different spices and produce was a delicious and elucidating education, like gotu kola, an herb, and goraka, a small, sharply acidic fruit that's commonly dried and used to flavor meat and fish.
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As a work of art, "Manifesto" may conform too much to the current taste for art as public, big-budget spectacle, but it is carefully wrought, thought provoking, elucidating and, for the most part, quite enjoyable.
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Maxine Waters (D-CA) appeared to reflect a wider sentiment in the party when she suggested last month that elucidating Trump's sinister Russian 'ties' ought to be the "only" issue Democrats pursue: all else flows from it.
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Three physician-scientists — William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza — shared the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award for elucidating the cellular path by which almost all animals respond to variations in oxygen.
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Sital, who reveres her tall, strong and generous grandfather, with his white hair and "skin the color of a sapphire sky," spends much of her suspenseful memoir, "Secrets We Kept: Three Women of Trinidad," elucidating this response.
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Masha Gessen's The Future Is History: How Totalitarianism Reclaimed Russia is a dark and expansive tome, elucidating the events and forces which, over the course of one generation, returned Russia to a Soviet order seemingly stronger than ever.
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Mr Trump's lawyers have had a hard time elucidating just whom the Supreme Court meant to exclude from the refugee freeze, if not people escaping hardship abroad whose resettlement plans are already in the works through American agencies.
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It's not the typical literary series that can support an exhibition like the British Library's, but it's also not the typical author who spends five years researching and plotting seven novels and leaves behind an elucidating paper trail.
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On occasion, rewatching a 'classic' with fresh eyes can be elucidating (although my advice is to leave the DVDs of Pretty Woman and The Notebook to languish in the bargain bin at WH Smith along with Davina's Toned in 10).
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A few of the familiar characters are there — most notably, Laura Palmer appears in a less-than-elucidating opening sequence — but the main aspect that remains the same from the 1990s iteration to this sparkly 2017 showboat is the tone.
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This work "comes closest to elucidating a key development process that has perplexed us for a long time," said Justin St. John, a professor at the Hudson Institute of Medical Research in Australia, who was not involved in the research.
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Elucidating the potential ability to form biofilms and the magnitude of actual biofilm formation on ISS surfaces is important during long-term space missions to maintain structural stability of the crew vehicle when routine indoor maintenance cannot be as easily performed.
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This is fitting placement for a game that, as it's being presented in behind-closed-doors sessions, feels buried beneath the features of its contemporaries, never elucidating how or if it will be ready to break loose and establish its own identity.
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But it's so worth it—equal parts Coen Brothers and David Mamet, and featuring never-better turns by Sydney Pollack, Tilda Swinton, and Tom Wilkinson, Michael Clayton attempts and succeeds at the impossible: electrifying the corporate machine while elucidating its working parts.
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"While we are still far from elucidating exactly how this shift in the natural gut bacteria is affecting our immune system in certain individuals, this study should bolster the ongoing efforts to better understand the mechanism of this unique process," she said.
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"While there is no single answer that will keep all parties happy, the platforms must do a much better job of elucidating their thinking processes and developing public criteria that bind them to the precedents they create with every decision," Mr. Stamos said.
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However, there are plenty of differences between the Pixel Buds and AirPods that are worth elucidating at the outset, even if we've only gotten a very brief chance to try them so far, and can't really say much about the sound quality just yet.
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"Anti-coagulates have turned out to be important bioactive compounds in medicine and biomedical research, so we thought that by elucidating something about the presence of genes in those pathways that they would be of interest to researchers working in those areas," said Amato.
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But if you've ever had a difficult time elucidating that fact, it helps to hear it straight from someone who's been thinking about the subject for two decades, and for whom fashion has played an important, crucial role in understanding who she is as a person.
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Although there are obvious differences between FBI Director James Comey's firing and FIFA's respective dismissals—Hans-Joachim Eckert and Cornel Borbely of FIFA's ethics committee, Miguel Maduro and the subsequent protest resignation by Joseph Weiler of FIFA's governance committee—there are some broad similarities worth elucidating.
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" She went on to debunk a rumor that a new car that was delivered to their home (and spotted by the paps) was a gift, writing, "thank you, said blogs, for elucidating your ideas about what you think a woman can do for herself in 2020.
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Typically, Chiang spends a good deal of time describing the science behind the device, with an almost Rube Goldbergian delight in elucidating the improbable: Every prism—the name was a near acronym of the original designation, "Plaga interworld signaling mechanism"—had two LEDs, one red and one blue.
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Before BHP goes too far down the road of appeasing Elliott, it should also consider elucidating a strategy focused on long-term, sustainable returns to investors, as this may appeal more to the majority of shareholders than Elliott's vision of a one-off boost from carving up the company.
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"It is of paramount importance to fully appreciate that elucidating the neural substrates of these experiences does not diminish or depreciate their meaning and value, and that the external reality of "God" can neither be confirmed nor disconfirmed by delineating the neural correlates of religious/spiritual/mystical experiences," Beauregard and Paquette wrote in 2006.
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A Piece of Work is as educational as it's entertaining, but don't expect it to feel like Art History 101; the 10-part podcast is inspired by frequently asked questions and responses from MoMA visitors, and it's as much about looking at art and not understanding what you're seeing as it is about elucidating an artist's intent.
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It was a period during which one designer (Thom Browne at Moncler Gamme Bleu) showed trench coats, cardigans, Chesterfields, sports coats and puffers in Alpine camouflage patterns on models with faces hidden unnervingly behind masks of the kind worn by snipers; when another (Italo Zucchelli at Calvin Klein) referenced his fascination with alchemy to explain a highly eroticized collection built around bonded foil colored silver and gold; when Kean Etro at Etro evoked the fragility of nature while handing out lavish color catalogs that whole forests were felled to produce; and when Alessandro Michele at Gucci quoted the Russian anarchist Mikhail Bakunin by way of elucidating how he had come up with his latest floral pajamas for daytime men's wear.
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His primary contributions were in elucidating the current botanical literature and in the field of paleobotany.
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With her research group she aims at elucidating the underlying principles of self- organization that govern their behavior.
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President George W. Bush in October 2001, elucidating on the government's rationale behind the USA PATRIOT Act before signing into law.
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The following Y-chromosome-linked diseases are rare, but notable because of their elucidating of the nature of the Y chromosome.
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The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute currently houses four research centers each with a unique focus on elucidating the functions of the brain.
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The notes can also include a set of "remarks" elucidating any additional restrictions, i.e. the maximum plot ratio or building height permitted.
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The Aṇuvyākhyāna is a magnum opus Sanskrit work in Dvaita philosophy written by Sri Madhvacharya. It is his commentary elucidating his own commentary on the Brahma Sutras. The other three works on Sutras are '' Brahma Sutra Bhashya, Anu Bhashya and Nyayavivarana. Anuvyakyana is a work elucidating this commentary with scholarly and philosophical dissertations and criticisms of other schools especially Advaita of Adi Shankara and Vishistadvaita of Ramanuja.
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Several news articles on quantum illumination have appeared in popular science media, with the goal of elucidating the concept of quantum illumination in less technical terms.
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Moral reasoning first attracted a broad attention from developmental psychologists in the mid-to-late 20th century. Their main theorization involved elucidating the stages of development of moral reasoning capacity.
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The Tosefta to this tractate is divided into eleven chapters, and contains many passages elucidating the Mishnaic tractate. There is no Gemara for Tohorot in either the Babylonian or Jerusalem Talmud.
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Chromosome numbers have played a limited role in elucidating evolution, but suggest a core of x=8, with subsequent polyploidy. For a mapping of chromosome numbers on the phylogenetic tree, see Fig. 4.
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The HIF transcriptional complex was discovered in 1995 by Gregg L. Semenza and postdoctoral fellow Guang Wang. In 2016, William Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza were presented the Lasker Award for their work in elucidating the role of HIF-1 in oxygen sensing and its role in surviving low oxygen conditions. In 2019, the same three individuals were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in elucidating how HIF senses and adapts cellular response to oxygen availability.
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Stewart proceeded to apply Newtonian formulae of gravitation to that of "the average interrelations of people" on a wide geographic scale, elucidating such notions as "the demographic force of attraction," demographic energy, force, potential and gradient.
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Like many of Voltaire's poems, Lisbonne consists entirely of rhyming couplets in continual progression; there are no stanzas dividing the 180 lines. Voltaire also included footnotes elucidating such terms as the universal chain and man's nature.
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Women in Argentina have higher rates of illiteracy, less access to money, less access to representation in court, therefore, elucidating how women of none white descent are at higher risk of oppression in Argentina then men.
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Nikoomanzar, A., Vallejo, D. & Chaput, J. C. Elucidating the Determinants of Polymerase Specificity by Microfluidic-Based Deep Mutational Scanning. ACS Synth. Biol. 8, 1421-1429, (2019). TNA replication occurs through a process that mimics RNA replication.
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Gemara means "completion" (from the Hebrew ' : "to complete") or "learning" ( from the Aramaic: "to study"). The Gemara mainly focuses on elucidating and elaborating the opinions of the Tannaim. The rabbis of the Gemara are known as (sing. ' ).
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New Zealand provided information in the follow-up to the concluding observations elucidating changes being made to better use and collect data regarding violence against women, including steps to ensure the collection and analysis of disaggregated data.
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Brand, Fischer, Harter, Kohlbacher and Wanke (2013) Elucidating the evolutionary conserved DNA-binding specificities of WRKY transcription factors by molecular dynamics and in vitro binding assays. Nucleic Acids Research. 41(21). 9764-9778 Additionally, contrary to early reports, both WRKY domains of group I family members can bind DNA.Brand, Fischer, Harter, Kohlbacher and Wanke (2013) Elucidating the evolutionary conserved DNA-binding specificities of WRKY transcription factors by molecular dynamics and in vitro binding assays. Nucleic Acids Research. 41(21). 9764-9778 Implications of these results are still being resolved.
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Justice Scalia wrote a concurring opinion, expressing concern about the judge also acting as rulemaker and enforcer. Justice Ginsburg also wrote a concurring opinion, joined by Chief Justice Rehnquist, further elucidating the distinction between civil and criminal fines.
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Gurdon's recent research has focused on analysing intercellular signalling factors involved in cell differentiation, and on elucidating the mechanisms involved in reprogramming the nucleus in transplantation experiments, including the role of histone variants, and demethylation of the transplanted DNA.
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Fischer had received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for elucidating the structures of porphyrins. In the 1930s Treibs discovered metalloporphyrins in petroleum. These porphyrins resemble chlorophylls. This discovery helped confirm the biological origin of petroleum, which was previously controversial.
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Alam, Md. Imteyaz; Khan, Tuhin S.; Haider, M. Ali (2019). "Alternate Biobased Route to Produce δ-Decalactone: Elucidating the Role of Solvent and Hydrogen Evolution in Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 7 (3): 2894–2898. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.
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Lastly, complementary technology will be used to functionally annotate/classify a selected subset of lncRNAs. These techniques will be aimed at elucidating lncRNA secondary structure, their association to proteins and chromatin, and mapping long range interactions of lncRNA throughout the genome.
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Elucidating that karmic faiths can be used to affirm the dignity of queer people, he speaks of how when one discovers love and appreciation for the world as it is, not the way one wants it to be, one develops wisdom.
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The OHRI's mandate is to advance knowledge of health and disease on multiple fronts, ranging from increasing understanding of what is happening at the molecular and cellular level in complex disease states, to elucidating best practices in the delivery of health care.
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He also undertook several exploration trips on major rivers and in eastern Tibet. He extensively photographed places and people, from officials to labourers and actors. About an hour of movie footage has also survived. In retirement, he wrote texts elucidating his images.
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Ron Baecker. September 2018. "Curriculum Vitae". Continuing on his work on software visualization, between 1973 and 1981, he produced the film Sorting Out Sorting – a seminal piece elucidating the potential of computer animation and behavior that propelled the field of algorithm animation.
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The Nevi'im, the books of the Prophets, are considered divine and true. This does not imply that they are always read literally: Jewish tradition has always held that prophets used metaphors and analogies, and there are many commentaries explaining and elucidating metaphorical verses.
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Many contemporary gurus and experts have written extensive commentaries elucidating the Lojong text and slogans. > Point One: The preliminaries, which are the basis for dharma practice > :Slogan 1. First, train in the preliminaries; The four reminders. or > alternatively called the Four Thoughts ::1.
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Application of cancer systems biology include but are not limited to- elucidating critical cellular and molecular networks underlying cancer risk, initiation and progression; thereby promoting an alternative viewpoint to the traditional reductionist approach which has typically focused on characterizing single molecular aberrations.
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As a consequence of its importance in neuroscience, physiology, and immunology, nitric oxide was proclaimed "Molecule of the Year" in 1992. Research into its function led to the 1998 Nobel Prize for elucidating the role of nitric oxide as a cardiovascular signalling molecule.
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Joseph E. LeDoux has been instrumental in elucidating the amygdala's role in fear conditioning. He was one of the first to show that the amygdala undergoes long-term potentiation during fear conditioning, and that ablation of amygdala cells disrupts both learning and expression of fear.
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As the latest stage of a classical Aramaic dialect with a long and fairly continuous history of attestation, Neo-Mandaic is potentially of great value for elucidating the typology of the Aramaic dialects as well as the study of the Semitic languages in general.
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It has been reported that the reactivity of an oxygen atom generated in such a way on a platinum surface is different from that of chemisorbed oxygen atoms. Elucidating the role of hot atoms on surfaces will lead to a deeper understanding of the mechanism of reactions.
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Henry A. Lardy (August 19, 1917 – August 4, 2010) was a biochemist and professor emeritus in the Biochemistry Department at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1958. Research in Lardy's laboratory centered on elucidating the mechanisms underlying metabolism.
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Peter Klock Hepler HonFRMS is the Constantine J. Gilgut and Ray Ethan Torrey Professor Emeritus in the Biology Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst who is notable for his work on elucidating the roles of calcium, membranes and the cytoskeleton in plant cell development and cell motility.
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Her Rutgers laboratory has pioneered the use of genetic model systems for elucidating the physiological effects of fungal volatile organic compounds. Bennett is married to David Lorenz Peterson, a computer systems consultant. She is the mother of three sons: John Frank Bennett, Daniel Edgerton Bennett and Mark Bradford Bennett.
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His works include contributions to the Australian Museum's Complete book of Australian mammals. The specific epithet for the freetailed bat Mormopterus kitcheneri — found in the Southwest Australia ecoregion and first described in 2014 — commemorates Kitchener "for his prolific contribution to elucidating the systematics of Indo-Australian mammals, especially bats".
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Paradox of the Actor (), written between 1770 and 1778 but first published after the death of the author in 1830, is a dramatic essay by Denis Diderot elucidating a theory of acting in which it is argued that great actors do not experience the emotions they are displaying.
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Andonov is known for his specific brand of lyrics, approaching a wide palette of themes, including Srce, which explores love, Beograd, interpreting social status, Kad se popnem na binu, elucidating fears, Biću tu, translating his feelings about hedonistic aspects of love, and Geto, which paraphrased the topic of crime.
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The Expert Meeting listed three initiatives for that purpose: (1) enabling early diagnosis of infected people by rapid tests such as antigen tests, (2) elucidating initial symptoms and narrowing down the test targets, (3) conducting research to find signs of progression of a patient's condition from subclinical to moderate.
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Breiger, Ronald L. "The duality of persons and groups." Social forces 53.2 (1974): 181-190. Beginning in 2000, Breiger devoted considerable attention to elucidating the mutual implications of social network analysis and the sociology of culture.Poetics 27.2 (2000): 91-115. Annual Review of Sociology 36 (2010): 205-224.
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The history of ornithology largely reflects the trends in the history of biology, as well as many other scientific disciplines, including ecology, anatomy, physiology, paleontology, and more recently, molecular biology. Trends include the move from mere descriptions to the identification of patterns, thus towards elucidating the processes that produce these patterns.
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Stephen J. Lippard, Jeremy M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, University Science Books, 1994, As a mix of biochemistry and inorganic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry is important in elucidating the implications of electron-transfer proteins, substrate bindings and activation, atom and group transfer chemistry as well as metal properties in biological chemistry.
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This is true for all sciences: the goal is to connect a "natural phenomenon" with its "immediate cause". We formulate hypotheses elucidating, as we see it, the relation of cause and effect for particular phenomena. We test the hypotheses. And when an hypothesis is proved, it is a scientific theory.
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2013.155, Dec 17, 2013. and for elucidating the involvement of inflammatory cytokines in regulation of cognitive and emotional processes. Reichenberg, A., Yirmiya, R., Schuld, A., Kraus, T., Haak, M., Morag, A., and Pollmächer T., Cytokine-mediated emotional and cognitive disturbances in humans. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58: 445-452, 2001.
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The paratypes cited in the description are a female adult caught on the same day at the site, and adult male collected at Jaurdi and female at Credo. The eponym for the species name "kitcheneri" is Darrell Kitchener "for his prolific contribution to elucidating the systematics of Indo-Australian mammals, especially bats".
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Martin & Grube (2000), p. 153. To this day, many archaeologists and Mayanists consider Panel 3 to be a "masterpiece of Maya art" due to its elucidating the life of Itzam Kʼan Ahk II and his servants, as well as providing information regarding rare grammatical structures in the Mayan glyphs.Pitts (2011), pp. 129145.
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035002 (2008) have presented a new direction in the theory of non-equilibrium states of two-temperature charged fluids. His paper elucidating the unusual thermal conductivity of clathrates still attracts many citations.The Thermal Conductivity of Ice Polymorphs and the Ice-Clathrates, J. Phys. Chem. 87, 4185 (1983) His contributions to surface science (e.g.
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In particular, Rathore was well known for his contributions to studies of the Scholl reaction mechanism, syntheses of cofacially arrayed polyfluorenes, and applications of nitric oxide complexes with aromatic donors. His recent work was focused on elucidating the application of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) in the rational design of novel charge-transfer materials.
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She demonstrated its assistance in elucidating early Arabic palaeography as well as the development of early Islamic books in paper. She proved it was nearly a century older than earliest known references to the Arabian Nights, and established a chronology of the evolution of the Arabian Nights, which has remained valid since then.
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The morphology of the hemipenis in various species has been helpful in elucidating their relationships, as little is known about the evolutionary origins of the genus.Jadin RC, Parkhill RV (2011). "Hemipenis descriptions of Mastigodryas (Serpentes: Colubrinae) from northern Middle America, with comments on the use of hemipenial data in phylogenetics". Herpetology Notes 4: 207-210.
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Jue Chen () is a Chinese-born American structural biologist and biochemist. She is the William E. Ford professor of biochemistry and head of the Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Biophysics at the Rockefeller University and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Her research focuses on elucidating the structure and function ofATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters.
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One good example of this organization is the cell bodies of virtually all retinal cell types which are arranged as independent, nonrandom mosaics that maximize the distance between neighbouring cells. Elucidating the mechanisms of process spacing during development is therefore relevant for understanding principles of tissue organization inside and outside of the nervous system.
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Itamar Singer Itamar Singer (November 26, 1946 – September 19, 2012) was an Israeli author and historian of Jewish-Romanian origin. He is known for his research of the Ancient Near East and as a leading Hittitologist, pioneering the study of this ancient Anatolians culture in Israel and elucidating the tensions which brought about its demise.
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Between 1930 and 1940 Zemplén continued research on the naturally occurring flavonoid-glycosides and succeeded in elucidating the structures of several of them, as well as accomplishing their total syntheses. His research contributed to the industrial isolation and application of flavonoids found in plants. In 1941 he was invited to give a lecture in Germany.
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His lab worked on elucidating the role of bacterial cupredoxins and cytochromes in cancer regression and arresting cell cycle progression. These proteins have been formerly known for their involvement in bacterial electron transport. He isolated a bacterial protein, azurin, with potential antineoplastic properties. He expanded his lab's work to include multiple microbiological species, including Neisseria, Plasmodia, and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans.
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Freitag, J., Ludwig, G., Andreini, I., Rössler, P., & Breer, H. (1998). Olfactory receptors in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 183(5), 635-650. Acting as a close living relative to tetrapods, recent studies elucidating the coelacanth OR repertoire state that the common ancestor of mammals and fish had both Class I and II OR genes.
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Their natural tendency is one of division, fratricide and self-abuse. But every now and then you get a great charismatic elucidating presence like Gough Whitlam and Bob Hawke who can hold the cats in the sack in some kind of communion." The play debuted in Bathurst in 2004. Ellis said, "The effect of Tony as Chifley is astonishing.
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Neural representation of subjective value under risk and ambiguity. Journal of Neurophysiology. 103(2):1036-47 His most notable contributions are in: the development of the field of neuroeconomics; studies of dopamine and reinforcement learning; elucidating the neurobiological basis of human preferences; how people make intertemporal choices; and pioneering the application of “normalized representation” to decision-making.
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Cucujus clavipes is known as the flat bark beetle.Carrasco, M. A., S. A. Buechler, R. J. Arnold, T. Sformo, B. M. Barnes, and J. G. Duman. 2011. Elucidating the biochemical overwintering adaptations of larval Cucujus clavipes puniceus, a nonmodel organism, via high throughput proteomics. Journal of Proteome Research 10:4634–4646Bland, R. G. and H. E., Jaques. 2010.
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According to historian Denis Gril, the Quran does not overtly describe Muhammad performing miracles, and in several verses describes the Quran itself as Muhammad's miracle.Denis Gril, Miracles, Encyclopedia of the Qur'an However, several miracles are reported in the Quran and miracles "appear early and often in the hadith" and the hadiths are indispensable in elucidating Muhammad's miracles.
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He served on the anthropology faculty of the University of California, Davis from 1965 until his retirement. True was instrumental in defining the Pauma, San Luis Rey, and Cuyamaca complexes and in elucidating their roles in regional prehistory. Together with Claude N. Warren, he also helped to elucidate the early San Dieguito and La Jolla complexes.
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Based on these results, it is proposed that a mixture of racemic amino acids causes spontaneous and effective optical resolution, even if asymmetric synthesis of a single amino acid does not occur without an aid of an optically active molecule. This is the first study elucidating reasonably the formation of chirality from racemic amino acids with experimental evidences.
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In Brockenhurst Sharp, worked assiduously with one of his daughters (who later married Frederick Arthur Godfrey Muir) in his entomological laboratory, elucidating the life-story or the anatomy of numerous insects, chiefly Coleoptera. His beetle collection went to his daughter (Mrs Muir). Sharp's extensive collection, including several thousand type specimens, is housed at the Natural History Museum, London.
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In 1950, Tinbergen and Perdeck tested the effects of visual stimuli on begging behavior by gull chicks, elucidating which characteristics of their parent's bills the chicks were reacting to.Tinbergen, N. and Perdeck, A.C., (1950). On the stimulus situation releasing the begging response in the newly-hatched herring gull chick (Larus argentatus argentatus Pont). Behaviour, 3: 1–39Alcock, J., (2009).
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While significant advances have been made in elucidating the mechanisms of this complex interaction, much investigation remains to be done. Mycorrhizal activity increases the phosphorus concentration available in the rhizosphere. Mycorrhizae lower the root zone pH by selective uptake of NH4+ (ammonium-ions) and by releasing H+ ions. Decreased soil pH increases the solubility of phosphorus precipitates.
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In quantum well nanostructures, MDCS was applied towards elucidating exciton many-body interactions. In epitaxial quantum dots, MDCS enabled coherent control of the exciton population in the presence of inhomogeneous broadening. In interfacial quantum dots MDCS revealed induced inter-dot interactions mediated by excitation of delocalized well states, offering the possibility of another form of coherent control.
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Source: NAS Mark E. Hay (2018) For developing algae as the major model for marine chemical ecology, and for elucidating how chemical cues and signals from algae structure marine and aquatic populations, communities, and ecosystems. Takao Kondo (2015) For demonstrating the occurrence of circadian clocks in prokaryotes, leading through genetic dissection to the discovery of the central bacterial clock genes, kaiABC, and to a new way of thinking about algal ecology. John B. Waterbury (2012) For the discovery and characterization of planktonic marine cyanobacteria, and viruses that infect them, setting in motion a paradigm shift in our understanding of ocean productivity, ecology, and biogeochemical cycles. Arthur R. Grossman (2009) For pioneering creative and comprehensive research on algae and cyanobacteria, elucidating molecular mechanisms by which they adapt to changes in light color and to nutrient stress.
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Martinus Justinus Godefriedus Veltman Eventually, he shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1999 with 't Hooft, "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics". Veltman and 't Hooft joined in the celebrations at Utrecht University when the prize was awarded. Veltman holds a position of Emeritus Professor at the University of Michigan. Asteroid 9492 Veltman is named in his honor.
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Saysewahum is the author of two books, Nationhood Interrupted: Revitalizing Nêhiyaw Legal Systems and First Nations Protocols and Methodologies. Both books are centered around the topic of Cree Law but with different purposes. Through both of these books Saysewahum develops the intricacies of First Nations. By elucidating these systems she spreads education and counters the assumption that First Nation communities are lawless.
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Martin did her doctoral work in the laboratory of Harry Rubin, where she pursued several projects aimed at elucidating the mechanisms that control the growth of fibroblasts in vitro. She completed her Ph.D. thesis in 1971. It was during that time that she married Steven Martin, a British scientist who had come to Berkeley to do postdoctoral work in the Rubin laboratory.
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French scientist Louis Pasteur researched this issue during the 1850s, and the results of his experiments began the long road to elucidating the pathway of glycolysis. His experiments showed that fermentation occurs by the action of living microorganisms; and that yeast's glucose consumption decreased under aerobic conditions of fermentation, in comparison to anaerobic conditions (the Pasteur effect). Eduard Buchner. Discovered cell-free fermentation.
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In the early years of his research, he primarily worked in the transcriptional regulation of Eukaryotic genes in the liver. He was interested in elucidating the multifaceted role of heme in cellular processes. His group discovered the heme-biosynthetic pathway in the malarial parasite and showed it to be a drug target. He has also been interested in the area of vaccine development.
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Couples must overcome barriers such as religious beliefs, social stigma, and financial dependence or law restrictions before they successfully dissolve their marriage. Another theory to explain why relationships end is the "Mate ejection theory", by Brian Boutwell, J.C. Barnes and K.M Beaver.Boutwell, B. B., Barnes, J. C., & Beaver, K. M. (2015). When love dies: Further elucidating the existence of a mate ejection module.
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The Plant Cell Online. 15(9). 2076-2092 Since then, WRKYs have been found to bind a more generic GAC core cis-element with flanking sequences dictating DNA-protein interactions.Brand, Fischer, Harter, Kohlbacher and Wanke (2013) Elucidating the evolutionary conserved DNA-binding specificities of WRKY transcription factors by molecular dynamics and in vitro binding assays. Nucleic Acids Research. 41(21).
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He spent the two years 1957 and 1958 on an fellowship at Harvard Medical School. There he taught and did research on the effects of insulin on hepatic glucose metabolism and on elucidating the enzymatic defect in McArdle's disease. From 1959 to 1965 Mahler published a series of papers that established his scientific reputation. In 1968 he was elected FRCP and FRCP Edin.
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A hallmark of Albert Einstein's career was his use of visualized thought experiments () as a fundamental tool for understanding physical issues and for elucidating his concepts to others. Einstein's thought experiments took diverse forms. In his youth, he mentally chased beams of light. For special relativity, he employed moving trains and flashes of lightning to explain his most penetrating insights.
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Thomas Hunt Morgan won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries elucidating the role that the chromosome plays in heredity. Gene therapy using an adenovirus vector. In some cases, the adenovirus will insert the new gene into a cell. If the treatment is successful, the new gene will make a functional protein to treat a disease.
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The measurements DUNE will make is expected to greatly increase the physics community's understanding of neutrinos and their role in the universe, thereby better elucidating the nature of matter and anti-matter. It will send the world's highest-intensity neutrino beam to a near detector on the Fermilab site and the far detector 800 miles (1300 km) away at SURF.
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But Madhyamaka is not annihilating something, merely elucidating that this true existence never existed in the first place. Thus, Madhyamaka uses language to make clear the limits of our concepts. Ultimately, reality cannot be depicted by concepts. According to Jay Garfield, this creates a sort of tension in Madhyamaka literature, since it has use some concepts to convey its teachings.
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In 1912 Hakaru Hashimoto described hypothyroidism and goiter associated with thyroid lymphoid infiltration. In 1956 the anti-Tg antibody was detected in similar cases, elucidating the autoimmune cause of these characteristics. Later the same year, activating TSH receptor antibodies were discovered. Thyroid microsomal antibodies were discovered in 1964, which were subsequently renamed anti-TPO antibodies due to the identification of their autoantigen.
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Huesgen P.F., Overall C.M. N- and C-terminal degradomics: new approaches to reveal biological roles for plant proteases from substrate identification Physiol. Plant, 145, 5–17 (2012). Previously, C-termini lacked basic residues after endopeptidase digestion and could be missed in LC-MS/MS workflows. Another approach designed at further elucidating protease activity is Proteomic Identification of protease Cleavage Sites (PICS).
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Research into the CPE has focused on further elucidating its role in translational regulation and its role in development. Research on Aplysia neurons has shown that the CPE has a role in regulating memory formation. When long-term memories are being formed, CPEs found in neuronal actin mRNAs allow the up-regulation of this protein. Increased concentrations of actin allow new synapses to grow, allowing memory storage.
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Further elucidating the mechanism of how bacteria protect themselves from fluoride toxicity can help modify the mechanism to make smaller concentrations of fluoride even more lethal to bacteria. Additionally, the fluoride riboswitch and the downstream regulated genes can be potential targets for drug development in the future. Overall, these advancements will help towards making fluoride and future drugs strong protectors against oral health disease.
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As a result of frequent debates and political infighting, Winchell resigned in April 1871. Dr. Carl Rominger was named as Winchell's replacement. Rominger worked "practically alone" from 1872 through 1876, focusing primarily on investigating fossil corals and elucidating the geologic structure of the Michigan Basin in the Lower Peninsula. He also supported the independent contractors who were investigating economic resources in the Upper Peninsula.
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The citation read: > "For his theoretical and experimental work elucidating the human mind's > perception of the physical world and why the human mind has evolved to > represent objects as it does; and for giving purpose to the field of > cognitive science and demonstrating the value of bringing the insights of > many scientific disciplines to bear in scientific problem solving." In 2006, he won the Rumelhart Prize.
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Baekje Military Museum is a public museum in Nonsan, South Korea elucidating the military history of the later Baekje kingdom. The museum includes artifacts, reconstructed weapons and armor, dioramas, and a reconstructed defense wall. It opened in 2002. "백제군사박물관," 논산문화 96 (2005.07):12-15 Opening hours are between 09:00 to 18:00 except on Mondays and the Chuseok and Lunar New Year holidays.
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Though these theories of memory formation are now well established, they were farsighted for their time: late 19th and early 20th century neuroscientists and psychologists were not equipped with the neurophysiological techniques necessary for elucidating the biological underpinnings of learning in animals. These skills would not come until the later half of the 20th century, at about the same time as the discovery of long-term potentiation.
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Surman was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2016, after a nomination by the APS Division of Nuclear Physics, "for contributions in elucidating r-process nucleosynthesis, in particular for connecting microphysics such as mass models and reaction rates to astrophysical environments, and for guiding the experimental efforts worldwide on deciding the most impactful nuclei to study at exotic nuclear beam facilities".
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HAP1 preferentially interacts with in a polyQ dependent manner. Its localization and possible interacting partners (other than Htt) have since been characterised, thus elucidating a possible role for this protein in HD pathogenesis. Martin et al. showed that HAP1 is localized in mitotic spindle of dividing striatal cells, and associated endosomes, microtubules and vesicles in the basal forebrain and striatial neurons – where HAP1B is preferentially expressed.
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Cross, in collaboration with a former mentee Laura Piccio, have been elucidating the impacts of diet on multiple sclerosis and CNS inflammation. They have previously found that calorie restriction abrogates EAE symptoms in animal models. Specifically, they found that intermittent fasting in mice with EAE had increases microbial diversity. The immunomodulatory effects of intermittent fasting suggest that it could pose as a potential therapy for MS.
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Molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE, also molecular pathologic epidemiology) is a discipline combining epidemiology and pathology. It is defined as "epidemiology of molecular pathology and heterogeneity of disease". Pathology and epidemiology share the same goal of elucidating etiology of disease, and MPE aims to achieve this goal at molecular, individual and population levels. Typically, MPE utilizes tissue pathology resources and data within existing epidemiology studies.
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Jack L. Feldman is an American neuroscientist and Distinguished Professor of Neurobiology at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). His research contributions include elucidating the mechanisms underlying breathing and sighing. He discovered and named the pre-Bötzinger complex, an area in the brain stem that is responsible for controlling breathing. He was the recipient of the Hodgkin-Huxley-Katz Prize from the Physiological Society in 2017.
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Metallomics is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the growing research field of metallomics. The journal's scope is aimed at "elucidating the identification, distribution, dynamics, role and impact of metals and metalloids in biological systems". It is published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. The executive editor is Jeanne Andres, while the current chair of the editorial board is David Giedroc at Indiana University Bloomington.
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Retrieved 27 April 2014 . According to Dean F. Bajorin of the Sloan Kettering Cancer Center: > He was the first investigator to identify genetically distinct pathways for > superficial and muscle-invasive bladder cancers. The underpinnings for these > pathways were based on over a decade of studies elucidating genetic > perturbations seen in low and high-grade tumors. These pathways now serve as > a template for modern studies.
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The FuFi-1 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. Such RNA "motifs" are often the first step to elucidating the biological function of a novel RNA. FuFi-1 motif RNAs are found in Firmicutes AND Fusobacteria. FuFi-1 RNAs are sometimes located in the vicinity of genes that encode XRE-like proteins, an example of a helix-turn-helix structure.
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A newer view of insider trading, the misappropriation theory, is now accepted in U.S. law. It states that anyone who misappropriates material non-public information and trades on that information in any stock may be guilty of insider trading. This can include elucidating material non-public information from an insider with the intention of trading on it, or passing it on to someone who will.
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Joel Habener is a Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School who has done fundamental studies on elucidating the role of incretin hormones such as Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2). For his discoveries, he was awarded the 2020 Warren Alpert Foundation Prize along with Daniel Drucker and Jens Juul Holst. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2020.
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Wiederholungsmotive im Werk als Grundlage einer psychologischen Deutung. Königshausen & Neumann, 1999, pp. 104–25. . Reiner Stach argued in 2004 that no elucidating comments were needed to illustrate the story and that it was convincing by itself, self-contained, even absolute. He believes that there is no doubt the story would have been admitted to the canon of world literature even if we had known nothing about its author.
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Flowchart illustrating how the human microbiome is studied on the DNA level. The problem of elucidating the human microbiome is essentially identifying the members of a microbial community which includes bacteria, eukaryotes, and viruses. This is done primarily using DNA-based studies, though RNA, protein and metabolite based studies are also performed. DNA-based microbiome studies typically can be categorized as either targeted amplicon studies or more recently shotgun metagenomic studies.
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Linus Pauling, Class of 1922, became Oregon State's first Nobel Laureate alumnus in 1954 when he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work elucidating the nature of the atomic bonds. In 1962, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his campaign against nuclear weapons testing. He joined Marie Curie as the only person to win two different Nobels. Curie's physics prize was shared with her husband, Pierre Curie.
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However, he has also said Sade's views cannot be blamed on Enlightenment philosophy nor inspired the Holocaust, contra Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer in their work Dialectic of Enlightenment (rather, he associates both of them with the emerging Counter-Enlightenment, seeing similarities here to Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy too), while also elucidating differences Sade had from Nazis' views. Additionally, he criticizes the idea Sade demonstrated morality cannot be based on reason.
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During the Cold War in Greece, NATO radar and missile systems experience mysterious problems caused by small breakdowns electronic black boxes. Robert Ford is murdered as he is on the verge of elucidating the problem. His wife, Shanny, takes over the investigation despite the opposition of the head of the secret service, Mr. Sharps. The latter orders the intelligence agent Dex, a friend of Robert and Shanny, to monitor Shanny's whereabouts.
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Lehtinen did her undergraduate studies at University of Pennsylvania. She then received her PhD in Neurobiology from Harvard University working in the laboratory of Azad Bonni. Her graduate work elucidating the biological mechanisms of oxidative stress has been cited over 700 times. Lehtinen did a postdoctoral fellowship in the laboratory of Anna-Elina Lehesjoki at the University of Helsinki in Finland where she discovered a physiological mechanism underlying progressive myoclonus epilepsy.
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Later he worked on elucidating the structures of aromatic Erythrina alkaloids with Derek Barton, Oskar Jeger and Robert Burns Woodward. At mid-century, the instrumental revolution necessitated a new approach to structural elucidation. Purely chemical methods had become outdated and had lost some of their intellectual appeal. Recognizing the growing importance of microbial metabolites, Prelog started working on these compounds, which possess unusual structures and interesting biological properties.
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Paul Michael Grant is an American/Irish physicist and science writer who was involved in discovering and elucidating the structure of Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide which was important as the first high temperature superconductor to exhibit superconductivity above the boiling point of NitrogenP. Grant et al., "Superconductivity above 90 K in the compound YBa2Cu3Ox: Structural, transport, and magnetic properties", Phys. Rev. B 35, 7242(R), 1 May 1987A.
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Elucidating how exactly oriC DNA is organized by DnaA remains thus an important task for future studies. Insights into initiation complex architecture will help explain not only how origin DNA is melted, but also how a replicative helicase is loaded directionally onto each of the exposed single DNA strands in the unwound DUE, and how these events are aided by interactions of the helicase with the initiator and specific loader proteins.
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Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) is a magnetic resonance technique for elucidating the molecular and electronic structure of paramagnetic species.Kevan, L and Kispert, L. D. Electron Spin Double Resonance Spectroscopy Interscience: New York, 1976. The technique was first introduced to resolve interactions in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra./Kurreck, H.; Kirste, B.; Lubitz, W. Electron Nuclear Double Resonance Spectroscopy of Radicals in Solution VCH Publishers: New York, 1988.
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In 1911, the first Solvay Conference was held in Brussels, bringing together most of the most prominent scientists of the day. In 1912, William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg proposed Bragg's law and established the field of X-ray crystallography, an important tool for elucidating the crystal structure of substances. In 1912, Peter Debye used the concept of a molecular dipole to describe asymmetric charge distribution in some molecules.
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This lack of detail is due to the lack of a science dedicated to the task of elucidating the cognitive ability common to all biological organisms. That is to say, a science of cognitive biology has yet to be established.There is no mention of cognitive biology, for example, in Frankish and Ramsey (2012), The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Science. Nor is cognitive biology mentioned in Margolis, et al.
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The other tribe Matailurini includes species such as Matailurus and Dinofelis. These have been classified by having teeth different than the previous two clades, the long serrated teeth and the long, dagger-like teeth. Unfortunately, there are few postcranial skeletons of saber-toothed cats preserved, so available phylogenetic characters are largely cranial. New research published in 2013 took a different approach to elucidating the evolutionary relationships of saber-toothed cats.
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Solid state NMR spectroscopy has been very useful in elucidating the structure of amorphous solids. Bioactive glasses have been studied by 29Si and 31P solid state MAS NMR spectroscopy. The chemical shift from MAS NMR is indicative of the type of chemical species present in the glass. The 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy showed that Bioglass 45S5 was a Q2 type- structure with a small amount of Q3 ; i.e.
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Without structural information about a protein, sequence analysis is often useful in elucidating information about the protein. These techniques involve alignment of target protein sequences with other related protein sequences. This alignment can show which amino acids are conserved between species and are important for the function of the protein. These analyses can help to identify hot spot amino acids that can serve as the target sites for mutations.
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Isotope effect seen on single molecule at RSC.org This is a phenomenon that has been found by researchers in the United Kingdom during experiments done in September 2010. The kinetic isotope effect, where the rate of a reaction is influenced by the presence of an isotopic atom in solution, is an important principle for elucidating reaction mechanisms. This recent finding could open up new methods to study chemical reactions.
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The interaction between the endocrine system and tissues such as breast, brain, testicles, heart, bones, etc., is being extensively studied. It has clearly been seen that the larynx is somewhat affected by hormonal changes, but surprisingly, very few studies are working on elucidating this relationship. The effect of hormonal changes in voice is clearly seen when hearing male and female voices, or when listening to a teenage voice changing during puberty.
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Traité des maladies du coeur et des gros vaisseaux Bertin was a military physician during the French Revolution and in the Napoleonic wars. After his military service, Bertin then returned to Paris and became the physician-in-chief at Hôpital Cochin. He specialized in disorders of the cardiovascular system with his assistant Jean Baptiste Bouillaud. Bertin was an early advocate of auscultation for elucidating the pathologies of cardiovascular disorders.
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Some of the volumes of Likkutei Sichos are devoted to explaining mystical Hasidic philosophy, as it explains the weekly portion of Torah, Jewish festivals, or other ideas drawn from all aspects of traditional Jewish thought. Other talks are devoted to elucidating the "Revealed" dimensions of Judaism, such as Talmudic commentary. In this category are the celebrated "Rashi Sichos" and the Hadranim talks given on the completion of learning cycles.
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In a follow up paper, Yapici and her team found that IR56d, a type of ionotropic receptor implicated in gustation, was essential for physiological responses to carbonation and fatty acids but not sugars. Further, through IR56d, carbonation is a behavioral attractant for flies. Elucidating how specific sensory processes guide behavior in simple organisms will enlighten how these processes work in higher level organisms in the future of neuroscience.
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In 2012, two independent studies reported transcriptome-wide mapping of m6A in mammalian cells and tissues, revealing a unique distribution pattern. He and co-workers identified and characterized the direct reader proteins for m6A, which impact the stability and the translation efficiency of m6A-modified mRNA, elucidating functional roles of mRNA methylation. His group also purified the methyltransferase complex that mediates this methylation. The He laboratory also studies DNA methylation.
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Delia J. Milliron is the T. Brockett Hudson Professor in Chemical Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin. Milliron leads a research team that focuses on developing and studying the properties of new electronic nanomaterials. Her team pursues studies on nanocrystals, nanoscale interfaces, and controlled assemblies of nanocrystals. Her team takes a systematic approach towards elucidating effects that arise at the nanoscale with a special focus on structure-property relationships.
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The Kharraqan towers exhibit more elaborate external design, individualized for each of the 8 sides, in comparison to other towers with more repetitive patterns. Oleg Grabar reminds that there is no concrete method of elucidating the meaning of the abstract, geometric decoration in Islamic architecture. Instead, the intricacy of the geometric pattern promotes appreciation of the visual design itself. The subjects of wall paintings inside the western tower possess symbolic association with heaven.
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An opportunity arose for Williams to undertake research with Dr John Pryde at the Physiology Institute, Cardiff, where he worked on elucidating the structure of glucuronic acid. This work formed part of his PhD thesis; he was awarded the degree in 1932. After postdoctoral research at Cardiff he was appointed Lecturer in Biochemistry at the University of Birmingham in 1934. Here, Williams further developed his ideas concerning the metabolism of foreign compounds.
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Gloria Choi is an American neuroscientist and neuroimmunologist and the Samuel A. Goldblith Career Development Professor in the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Choi is known for elucidating the role of the immune system in the development of autism spectrum disorder-like phenotypes. Her lab currently explores how sensory experiences drive internal states and behavioral outcomes through probing the olfactory system as well as the neuroimmune system.
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Genotyping is the process of elucidating the genotype of an individual with a biological assay. Also known as a genotypic assay, techniques include PCR, DNA fragment analysis, allele specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probes, DNA sequencing, and nucleic acid hybridization to DNA microarrays or beads. Several common genotyping techniques include restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-RFLP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP),"Keygene.com Homepage" and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).
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Sandra Pizzarello, D.Bi.Sc. is a Venetian biochemist known for her co- discovery of amino acid enantiomeric excess in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. Her research interests concern the characterization of meteoritic organic compounds in elucidating the evolution of planetary homochirality. Pizzarello is a project collaborator and co-investigator for the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI), the president of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life, and an emerita professor at Arizona State University (ASU).
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"Agencja," Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN (PWN Universal Encyclopedia), vol. 1, p. 29. On returning to Warsaw during the Prussian occupation, Szaniawski co-edited Gazeta Warszawska (The Warsaw Gazette) and initiated "Korespondencja w materiach obraz kraju i narodu polskiego rozjaśniających" ("Correspondence on Matters Elucidating the Picture of Poland and the Polish People"). He became secretary of the Society of Friends of Learning and president of the Society for Elementary Textbooks, and headed the censorship.
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Fraaije is active in the fields of enzyme engineering and biocatalysis. His research mainly deals with discovery, engineering and exploration of novel oxidative enzymes, with special emphasis on flavin-containing enzymes. Besides exploring the biocatalytic potential of these biocatalysts, he also aims at elucidating the molecular functioning of oxidative flavoenzymes. He also has interest in evolutionary aspects of enzymology and in line with this he is board member of the geological museum Oertijdmuseum in Boxtel.
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Dr. Laura Lee Kiessling (born 21 September 1960) is an American chemist and the Novartis Professor of Chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Kiessling's research focuses on elucidating and exploiting interactions on the cell surface, especially those mediated by proteins binding to carbohydrates. Multivalent protein-carbohydrate interactions play roles in cell-cell recognition and signal transduction. Understanding and manipulating these interactions provides tools to study biological processes and design therapeutic treatments.
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Brand, Fischer, Harter, Kohlbacher and Wanke (2013) Elucidating the evolutionary conserved DNA-binding specificities of WRKY transcription factors by molecular dynamics and in vitro binding assays. Nucleic Acids Research. 41(21). 9764-9778 The original WRKY protein domain has been proposed to have arisen from the GCM1 and FLYWCH zinc finger factors.Babu, Iyer, Balaji and Aravind (2006) The natural history of the WRKY–GCM1 zinc fingers and the relationship between transcription factors and transposons.
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Phylogenetic analysis of DNA has placed Tetracarpaea in the order Saxifragales, and in the "core Saxifragales", but no closer to Saxifragaceae. The family Saxifragaceae is now defined much more narrowly than it had been until 2001.Douglas E. Soltis, Robert K. Kuzoff, Mark E. Mort, Michael Zanis, Mark Fishbein, Larry Hufford, Jason Koontz, and Mary K. Arroyo. 2001. "Elucidating deep-level phylogenetic relationships in Saxifragaceae using sequences for six chloroplastic and nuclear DNA regions".
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Elizabeth died of breast cancer at age 84, leaving her second book The Gravity File unfinished. The book would have filled in the gaps of the first, besides elucidating the military and political aspects of UFO research, and explaining Akon's "electro-gravity propulsion" technology. Before her death she related to acquaintances that Ayling (like Akon) was now an astrophysicist, who was crisscrossing the universe with his father, his space woman Clea, and their son.
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Detection of drug resistance genes using MALBAC MALBAC offers an unbiased approach to the amplification of DNA from a single cell. This method of single cell sequencing has a vast number of applications, many of which have yet to be exploited. MALBAC may aid in the analysis of forensic specimens, in pre-natal screening for genetic diseases, in understanding the development of reproductive cells, or in elucidating the complexity of a tumour.Baker, M. (2012).
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They are derived from the small cytoplasmic 7SL RNA, a component of the signal recognition particle. Alu elements are highly conserved within primate genomes and originated in the genome of an ancestor of Supraprimates. Alu insertions have been implicated in several inherited human diseases and in various forms of cancer. The study of Alu elements has also been important in elucidating human population genetics and the evolution of primates, including the evolution of humans.
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He went to various cities to discuss the matter with specialists – engineers, geologists, scientists. A key turning point in the debate came with the news of massive oil discoveries in the Lower Ob’ basin, but even after that the entrenched hydropower lobby would not yield up easily. Zalygin’s articles elucidating the situation were published in one of the leading Soviet newspapers and drew public attention to the problem, converting the opinion of the administration managers.
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Coronaviruses have been recognized as causing pathological conditions in veterinary medicine since the 1930s. They infect a range of animals including swine, cattle, horses, camels, cats, dogs, rodents, birds and bats. The majority of animal related coronaviruses infect the intestinal tract and are transmitted by a fecal-oral route. Significant research efforts have been focused on elucidating the viral pathogenesis of these animal coronaviruses, especially by virologists interested in veterinary and zoonotic diseases.
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Another advantage of using computerized systems is that they allow easy and high-fidelity portability to a patient's electronic medical record. Also an advantage is that it saves money and paper. One disadvantage of many computerized medical history systems is that they cannot detect non-verbal communication, which may be useful for elucidating anxieties and treatment plans. Another disadvantage is that people may feel less comfortable communicating with a computer as opposed to a human.
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The potency of an antagonist is usually defined by its half maximal inhibitory concentration (i.e., IC50 value). This can be calculated for a given antagonist by determining the concentration of antagonist needed to elicit half inhibition of the maximum biological response of an agonist. Elucidating an IC50 value is useful for comparing the potency of drugs with similar efficacies, however the dose-response curves produced by both drug antagonists must be similar.
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Charles Henry Bennett (born 1943) is a physicist, information theorist and IBM Fellow at IBM Research. Bennett's recent work at IBM has concentrated on a re- examination of the physical basis of information, applying quantum physics to the problems surrounding information exchange. He has played a major role in elucidating the interconnections between physics and information, particularly in the realm of quantum computation, but also in cellular automataCharles H. Bennett Bibliography. and reversible computing.
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The reaction has been studied for clues about the origin of homochirality among certain classes of biomolecules. :500px The Japanese chemist Kenso Soai (1950–) discovered the reaction in 1995. For his work in "elucidating the origins of chirality and homochirality", Soai received the Chemical Society of Japan award in 2010. Other chiral additives can be used as the initial source of asymmetric induction, with the major product of that first reaction being rapidly amplified.
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Biswas' work is known to have explained the formation and germination of seeds by elucidating the metabolic cycle involving glucose-6-P and myoinositol phosphates. His researches assisted in advancing the studies of transcription process in higher organisms. In order to further his studies, he founded a department for biochemistry and, later, established a Bioinformatics Centre at Bose Institute. There, he mentored 30 scholars in their doctoral studies and organized several science seminars.
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Jerry Allen Coyne (born December 30, 1949) is an American biologist known for his work on speciation and his commentary on intelligent design. A prolific scientist and author, he has published numerous papers elucidating the theory of evolution. He is currently a professor emeritus at the University of Chicago in the Department of Ecology and Evolution. His concentration is speciation and ecological and evolutionary genetics, particularly as they involve the fruit fly, Drosophila.
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Gerardus (Gerard) 't Hooft (; born July 5, 1946) is a Dutch theoretical physicist and professor at Utrecht University, the Netherlands. He shared the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics with his thesis advisor Martinus J. G. Veltman "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions". His work concentrates on gauge theory, black holes, quantum gravity and fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics. His contributions to physics include a proof that gauge theories are renormalizable, dimensional regularization and the holographic principle.
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Three works have been attributed to Satyabhinava. His Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya Vyakhyana is a commentary running up to 3,220 granthas on Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya of Madhva. Duraghatabhavadipa is a commentary running up to 8,160 granthas on Madhva's Bhagavata Tatparya Niryana which, apart from elucidating the concepts of the source text, criticises the allegations against Madhva raised by some scholars and grammarians. His work Sri Satyanatha Guru Stuti is a praise poem in honour of his guru Satyanatha Tirtha.
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Conceptual priming has been linked to reduced blood flow in the left prefrontal cortex. The left prefrontal cortex is believed to be involved in the semantic processing of words, among other tasks. The view that perceptual priming is controlled by the extrastriate cortex while conceptual priming is controlled by the left prefrontal cortex is undoubtedly an oversimplified view of the process, and current work is focused on elucidating the brain regions involved in priming in more detail.
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Her work was important in elucidating the relationship of these parasites with their non-vertebrate intermediate hosts. From 1960 to 1981 Rees was involved with the publication Parasitology. For the first 10 years, she was a member of the editorial board and then went on to serve as chair of the editorial board until 1981. She was a founder member of the British Society for Parasitology, and served as its vice-president (1970–72) and president (1972–74).
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Despite being intransigent that his team were going to win opposing Botswana in a 2018 World Cup qualifying match, Efrem's side lost 2-0 and 3-1 to the Zebras;however, he and 10 players solicited political asylum in Botswana, claiming they were in danger by returning to their homeland but not elucidating why. The Eritrean coach revealed that he was striving to select emerging young players and Eritrean expatriate footballers in Europe for the national roster in 2015.
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For some time, the function of the spine apparatus has been considered enigmatic. Recent evidence, however, suggests the spine apparatus may possess several distinct functions. After elucidating the structure of the spine apparatus, Spacek and Harris noted a continuation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum into the spine apparatus, where it then takes on a lamellar structure. This observation suggests the SA might play a role in vesicular transport, although a specific mechanism is not yet clear.
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The mechanisms and signals for chromatolysis were first researched in depth in the 1960s and still merit further investigation. It is clear that axotomy is one of the most direct inducers of chromatolysis and if further research were put into elucidating the specific pathways which associate axonal damage to chromatolysis, then potential therapies could be developed for halting the chromatolytic response of neurons and ameliorating the detrimental effects of degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and ALS.
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Charlton Grant Laird (1901–1984) was an American linguist, lexicographer, novelist, and essayist. Laird created the 1971 edition of the Webster's New World Thesaurus that became the standardized edition still used today. During his lifetime, he was probably best known for his language studies: books, textbooks, and reference works elucidating the English language for the layman along with his numerous contributions to dictionaries and thesauruses. Laird wrote many other works of non-fiction and fiction, including two novels.
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Ultimately, the cannabinoid research provided better understanding of the physiological cannabinoid control system in the human body and brain and opened a path of "elucidating this natural regulatory mechanism in health and disease."Onaivi, Emmanuel S., et al. Endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptor genetics, Progress in Neurobiology, Volume 66, Issue 5, April 2002, Pages 307-344. In the late 2000s, two of Huffman's cannabinoid compounds were found in street drugs K2 and Spice being sold in Germany as marijuana alternatives.
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A study published in 2002 found that vigabatrin causes a statistically significant increase in plasma clearance of carbamazepine. In 1984, Drs Rimmer and Richens at the University of Wales reported that administering vigabatrin with phenytoin lowered the serum phenytoin concentration in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy. Five years later, the same two scientists reported a fall in concentration of phenytoin of 23% within five weeks in a paper describing their failed attempt at elucidating the mechanism behind this interaction.
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Photomicrograph of a thin section of eclogite from Turkey. Green omphacite (+ late chlorite) + pink garnet + blue glaucophane + colorless phengite. Eclogite is a rare and important rock because it is formed only by conditions typically found in the mantle or the lowermost part of thickened crust. Eclogites are helpful in elucidating patterns and processes of plate tectonics because many represent the crustal rocks that were subducted to depths in excess of 35 km and then returned to the surface.
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Many ascomycete species have only been observed undergoing asexual reproduction (called anamorphic species), but analysis of molecular data has often been able to identify their closest teleomorphs in the Ascomycota. Because the products of meiosis are retained within the sac-like ascus, ascomycetes have been used for elucidating principles of genetics and heredity (e.g., Neurospora crassa). Members of the Basidiomycota, commonly known as the club fungi or basidiomycetes, produce meiospores called basidiospores on club-like stalks called basidia.
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The influence of International Typographic Style on de Harak's own works can be seen in his many book jacket designs for McGraw-Hill publishers in the 1960s. Each jacket shows the book title and author, often aligned with a grid—flush left, ragged- right. One striking image covers most of the jacket, elucidating the theme of the particular book. International Typographic Style was embraced by corporations and institutions in America from the 1960s on, for almost two decades.
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Another accomplishment of his laboratory was elucidating the learning process in the brain. It was determined that after practicing a visual task, a consolidation period of at least six hours was needed before any improvement occurs. The expressions, "cramming before a test will not be of any benefit" and "sleeping on it" are adages that are supported by this research. To further this research, Rubenstein and colleagues wondered whether a certain stage of sleep was responsible for this consolidation.
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Universology literally means "the science of the universe." Popularizing universologic science was a life's work for 19th century intellectual Stephen Pearl Andrews, a futurist utopian. The word can be used synonymously with consilience, a term Edward Osborne Wilson has popularized with his writings elucidating the apparent unity of all knowledge. In recent years, Dr. Mamoru Mohri, Japan's first astronaut and Director of Japan's National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation, has popularized and expanded on universology.
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Although the Nevi'im (the books of the Prophets) are considered divine and true, this does not imply that the books of the prophets are always read literally. Jewish tradition has always held that prophets used metaphors and analogies. There exists a wide range of commentaries explaining and elucidating those verses consisting of metaphor. Rabbinic Judaism regards Moses as the greatest of the prophets, and this view is one of the Thirteen Principles of Faith of traditional Judaism.
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During the preceding year, she and her husband began for Messrs. Cassell & Co. their annotated edition of Shakespeare's plays. This was published in weekly numbers, completed on 16 March 1868, and was reissued in three volumes with illustrations by H. C. Selous. Immediately afterwards, they started The Shakespeare Key, unlocking the Treasures of his Style, elucidating the Peculiarities of his Construction, and displaying the Beauties of his Expression; forming a Companion to The Complete Concordance to Shakespeare.
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She moved to the University of Leeds as a University Research Fellow in 1999. During her tenure at Leeds, she carried out low to hydrothermal geochemical and biogeochemical studies, with a special focus on laboratory experimental research. She always also did field studies with a special focus on elucidating how life adapts to extremely hot or cold environments. She designed, tested and deployed instrumentation that will look for life in these environments, like on the surface of Mars.
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Bell's research has identified genes involved in susceptibility to diabetes mellitus type 1 and rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. His work has been important in elucidating the interactions on the surface of the T cell involved in immune activation. He has also worked on the biomedical applications of high-throughput genomic technologies, including structural genomics and ENU mutagenesis. He has been directly involved in applying genetics in a clinical settings and helped developed the 100,000 genome project in England.
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In 1999 't Hooft shared the Nobel prize in Physics with his thesis adviser Veltman for "elucidating the quantum structure of the electroweak interactions in physics". Before that time his work had already been recognized by other notable awards. In 1981, he was awarded the Wolf Prize, possibly the most prestigious prize in physics after the Nobel prize. Five years later he received the Lorentz Medal, awarded every four years in recognition of the most important contributions in theoretical physics.
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His career was characterized by an interest in sulfur, proteins, and especially, peptides. Even before his Nobel-Prize-winning work on elucidating and synthesizing oxytocin and vasopressin, he had established a reputation for work on insulin, biotin, transmethylation, and penicillin. He also began a series of structure-activity relationships for oxytocin and vasopressin, perhaps the first for peptides. That work culminated in the publication of a book entitled, A Trail of Research in Sulphur Chemistry and Metabolism and Related Field.
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Levy's primary research interests lie in examining the psycho-social influences of aging on individual health and well-being. In particular, her work has focused on elucidating the mechanisms by which self perceptions of aging and age stereotypes impact both cognitive and physical health. In a series of studies, Levy established causal links between age stereotypes held by individuals and a number of outcomes previously unknown to be affected by such stereotypes, including memory, cardiac reactivity to stress, and longevity.Levy, B. (1996).
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Pasko Rakic (, ) is a Yugoslav-born American neuroscientist, who presently works in the Yale School of Medicine Department of Neuroscience in New Haven, Connecticut. His main research interest is in the development and evolution of the human brain. He was the founder and served as Chairman of the Department of Neurobiology at Yale, and was founder and Director of the Kavli Institute for Neuroscience. He is best known for elucidating the mechanisms involved in development and evolution of the cerebral cortex.
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During the 1910s, Ricker remained in New Hampshire and, perhaps due to failing health, concentrated on publishing articles and books elucidating her freethought beliefs. Much of her writing focused upon the detrimental influence of the church on society. Not only did the churches own more than "13 billions" of property, on which they were too "dishonest" to pay taxes, they also were responsible for pervasive inequality and the fact that "human freedom is but half won."Ricker, I Don't Know, p. 44.
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Bell was awarded the 2014 Fred Hoyle Medal and Prize of the Institute of Physics "for elucidating the origin and impact of cosmic rays and for his seminal contributions to electron energy transport in laboratory plasmas". In 2016 he was awarded the Eddington Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society for "his development of the theory of the acceleration of charged particles in astrophysics, known as Diffusive Shock Acceleration". He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2017.
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Together with the French psychoanalyst and historian Elisabeth Roudinesco, Johansson has introduced the Swedish psychoanalyst and researcher Ola Andersson in France. He has also critically read and introduced the Swedish translations of several texts by Sigmund Freud and Michel Foucault. Psychoanalysis and the Humanities, a collection of essays, was published in 2014. Here, Johansson deals with the complex encounter between psychoanalysis and the humanities, elucidating the subject from a number of various perspectives, cultural, historical, theoretical, practical, and clinical as well as personal.
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Before she retired in 2003, Meredith and her research group pioneered the use of DNA typing to differentiate Vitis vinifera grape varieties and for elucidating their parentage, which gives insight into the varieties' history and place of origin. In 1996, Meredith and her research established the parentage of Cabernet Sauvignon, which was the first application of such techniques. Later, Chardonnay, Syrah, and Zinfandel followed.Lagier-Meredith: Who we are The research group showed that the varieties Zinfandel, Primitivo, and Crljenak Kaštelanski are identical.
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Gilman was given the Canada Gairdner International Award in 1984 "For elucidating the mechanism by which peptide hormones act across cell membranes to influence cell function." He received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research as well as the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University in 1989 together with Edwin Krebs. In 1995, Gilman received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement. In 2005, he was elected as Dean of University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas.
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Neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized as disorders where the development of the nervous system was disrupted, and encompasses disorders such as learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), epilepsy, and certain neuromuscular disorders. Translational neuroscience research involves efforts to uncover the molecular mechanisms for these disorders and work towards cures in patient populations. Additionally, translational neuroscience research has focused on elucidating the cause of neurodevelopmental disorders, whether it be genetic, environmental, or a combination of both, as well as tactics for prevention, if possible.
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The later pottery was a virtual "type x" with no explanation. Evans went to Knossos in the expectation of elucidating "type x" (which turned out to be "Minoan"). He hoped to be able to recreate a family tree, with branches of mainland, Cycladic, and "type x" on it. According to this pre-conceived expectation he had to find two common ancestors, one for Cretan-Cycladic, and one for Cretan-Mycenaean, an expectation that Wace later called his "pan-Minoan theories,".
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It was Hudson's wish that when buried, his grave in the small churchyard at Glenville would be covered by: :"a hollow cone or Pyramid [...] for the purporse of performing therein my invented experiments on the Pendulum for elucidating the Phenomena and motions of Comets, Planets and Satellites; also my new theory of the Pendulum and that of falling bodies & many other things [...]" Sadly, such a cone was never built, and the £500 left for this purpose must have gone to an alternative use.
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As a multifaceted field of study, zoogeography incorporates methods of molecular biology, genetics, morphology, phylogenetics, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to delineate evolutionary events within defined regions of study around the globe. Once proposed by Alfred Russell Wallace, known to be the father of Zoogeography, phylogenetic affinities can be quantified among zoogeographic regions, further elucidating the phenomena surrounding geographic distributions of organisms and explaining evolutionary relationships of taxa.Holt, B. G., et al. (2013). An update of Wallace’s zoogeographic regions of the world.
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He focuses on the study of the oligodendrocyte generation in the subventricular zona, as well as in the role of adult neural stem cells in regenerative processes to repair damaged brain tissue. Gonzalez-Perez conducts numerous research efforts on elucidating the role of stem cells in the origin of brain tumors and the potential role stem cells can play in fighting brain cancer and regaining neurological function in the Neurosurgery Brain Tumor Stem Cell Lab at the Johns Hopkins University.
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Roach wrote most or contributed in part to several important books. Two elucidating on the subject of airglowAirglow as a term involves three types. During the day airglow is known as "dayglow"; at night as "nightglow"; or in connection with the gegenschein as either "counterglow" or "countershine" as part of the zodiacal light. would serve as foundation volumes in the field of upper atmosphere science: Aurora and Airglow edited by B. M. McCormac, and The Light of the Night Sky.
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The Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research at the University of Manchester pursues research into extracellular matrix (ECM) biology and its contribution to human diseases. The Centre was established in 1995 by Mike Grant and is funded by the Wellcome Trust. The Centre set out with the long- term aims of elucidating the structure and function of extracellular matrices and cell-matrix adhesions, defining the contributions of cell-matrix interactions to human diseases, and developing approaches for preventing and treating these diseases.
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This helps in early detection of the symptoms in patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome. It is also used in the diagnosis of diabetic thoraco abdominal neuropathy. The second technique involves stimulating the intercostal nerves to study the somatosensory evoked potentials, for localizing the non compressive spinal cord lesions. Pradhan was successful in elucidating the mechanisms of neurophysiological F‑response generation in healthy and diseased bodies and discovered a phenomenon, F-response multiplicity, a symptom of the lower motor neuron disorder.
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In 1989, Dr. Kinet was appointed Head of the Molecular Allergy and Immunology Section at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH. His laboratory continued to characterize the biology of the Fc𝛆RI receptor, elucidating key aspects of its gene regulation, antigen recognition, and intracellular signal transduction mechanisms. In 1995, Dr. Kinet moved to Harvard Medical School, where he was appointed Professor of Pathology. While continuing to investigate Fc𝛆RI biology, his lab also began to study calcium signaling in immune cells.
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In 1956, Arthur Kornberg and colleagues discovered DNA polymerase I (Pol I), in Escherichia coli. They described the DNA replication process by which DNA polymerase copies the base sequence of a template DNA strand. Kornberg was later awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959 for this work. DNA polymerase II was discovered by Thomas Kornberg (the son of Arthur Kornberg) and Malcolm E. Gefter in 1970 while further elucidating the role of Pol I in E. coli DNA replication.
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is one of the most powerful spectroscopic techniques in analytical chemistry. It is an important tool for the studies of host–guest complexes, for elucidating the structures of the various complexes existing in the form of aggregates, ion pair or encapsulated systems. As the name suggests, NMR identifies the different nuclei in the molecules (most commonly, proton), by measuring their chemical shift. The binding activity of two molecules causes a considerable change in their electronic environments.
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203x203px Clinical studies have revealed that camptocormia may be hereditary; however, the inheritance mechanism remains unclear. Current areas of research include molecular and genetic studies aimed at elucidating a possible inheritance model along with molecular pathological mechanisms and proteins responsible for BSS. This research will help will facilitate improvement in the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of the condition. In addition, new technologies and animal models of postural abnormalities are being developed to understand camptocormia and design more effective treatment methods.
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Another decoupling method is specific proton decoupling (also called band- selective or narrowband). Here the selected "narrow" 1H frequency band of the (soft) decoupling RF pulse covers only a certain part of all 1H signals present in the spectrum. This can serve two purposes: (1) decreasing the deposited energy through additionally adjusting the RF pulse shapes/using composite pulses, (2) elucidating connectivities of NMR nuclei (applicable with both heteronuclear and homonuclear decoupling). Point 2 can be accomplished via decoupling e.g.
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Landscape genetics has advanced ecological and evolutionary theory by facilitating an understanding of how gene flow and adaptation occur in real heterogeneous landscapes. It has also allowed for the estimation of functional connectivity across landscapes. Elucidating landscape features that act as barriers or facilitators of dispersal can inform the construction or preservation of wildlife corridors that connect fragmented landscapes. Landscape genetics can also help predict how diseases will spread across a landscape or how proposed management actions will affect populations.
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Our ability to think, react and remember relies on the function of the nervous system. We cannot understand the human brain without first elucidating the properties and function of its main unit elements, the neurons. These are complex and specialized cells. However, the improved understanding of cellular evolution achieved over the last several years has revealed that even the most sophisticated and unique properties of nerve cells represent an adaptation of basic functions observed in all eukaryotic cells, including unicellular organisms.
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In 2003 True decided to organize a race for the Tarahumara natives that would help them preserve their culture and running heritage. The first Copper Canyon Ultra Marathon was held on March 23, 2003; though turnout was small, it became an annual tradition. In 2006 True had the idea of inviting American ultrarunners to compete with the Tarahumara. After initially reaching out on the internet, he wrote an article in Men's Health, elucidating many of the lessons he internalized from the Tarahumara people.
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In 2011, Lake was presented the Darwin-Wallace Medal by the Linnean Society of London for elucidating the new animal phylogeny. The Medal is awarded to individuals who have made major advances in evolutionary biology. Lake has made a number of highly significant contributions toward understanding diverse aspects of genome evolution across all kingdoms of life. These include discovering informational and operational genes, developing the complexity hypothesis for horizontal/lateral gene transfer, and rooting the tree of life, topics on which he has published over 160 papers.
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Following the death of the Chief of Chitral Aman ul-Mulk in 1892, power in the state changes hands several times in the next few years. In early 1895, when it seems that the situation is finally coming back to normalcy the reigning Chief is murdered and conflict over the succession once again erupts. A small British force ends up being besieged in the Chitral Fort. The book presents a graphic account of the build up and the actual siege before elucidating how it is lifted.
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Clardy is also known for his work in elucidating natural products made by unculturable bacteria and is credited, along with Jo Handelsman and Robert M. Goodman, for pioneering the field of metagenomics. With Sean Brady, he developed a method to insert DNA directly from environmental DNA (eDNA) like soil, into cosmid libraries, search for biosynthetic gene clusters and identify the products of these genes.Brady, S. F., Chao, C. J. & Clardy, J. New Natural Product Families from an Environmental DNA (eDNA) Gene Cluster. J. Am. Chem. Soc.
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Balaji Prakash (born 1968) is an Indian structural biologist, biochemist and the senior principal scientist and the head of the department of molecular nutrition of the Central Food Technological Research Institute. Known for elucidating the structure of a unique GTP-binding protein, Prakash is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences, in 2009.
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Biochemistry research began at the station in 1888 with the appointment of Thomas B. Osborne and Samuel W. Johnson to study plant proteins. Today, the department focuses largely on plant genetics to identify and clone beneficial plant genes to improve crop species. Recent work includes the control of soil-borne pests by cloning genes from plants in the mustard family (Brassicaceae) that enable plants to protect their roots from nematodes. Work is also conducted on elucidating the genetic basis for photosynthetic performance in plant leaves (10).
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Heinrich Meibom. Heinrich Meibom (4 December 1555 – 20 September 1625), German historian and poet, was born at Barntrup in Westphalia. He held the chair of history and poetry at Helmstedt from 1583 until his death. He was a writer of Latin verses (Parodiarum horatianarum Libri III et sylvarum Libri II, 1588); and his talents in this direction were recognized by the emperor Rudolph II, who ennobled him; but his claim to be remembered rests on his services in elucidating the medieval history of Germany.
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Three years later she translated Isaac Orobio de Castro's Israel Defended into English at her father's behest. Later her The Spirit of Judaism drew interest and sales in both Britain and the United States after being published in Philadelphia by Isaac Leeser. He added a preface to the work elucidating his differences with her, the first of many clashes her work would have with mainstream Jewish thought. In the 1840s her novels began to attract regular readers, and Aguilar moved back to London with her parents.
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Later he was active promoter of Lutheranism in Italy, but in 1558 was sentenced to death and drowned.ITALY, THE REFORMATION IN. (accessed June 23, 2010) Other notable reformers were Baldo Lupetino of Albona in Istria and Baldassare Altieri of Aquila in Neapolitan territory. All mentions of Lutheranism were immediately destroyed: in 1530 Antonio Bruccioli was expelled from Florence because he had cited works of Luther and Martin Bucer. Later he rendered the Reformation great service by elucidating and printing Biblical writings in the Italian language.
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This results is in agreement with the classical approach to Epo/EpoR contributions in development in that it demonstrated an Epo/EpoR requirement for embryonic neural development, adult neurogenesis, and neuron regeneration after injury. High doses of exogenous erythropoietin could demonstrate a neuroprotective role by binding to a receptor that contains the common beta receptor but lacks EpoR. These types of studies into Epo and EpoR null animals have seen and are further elucidating the neuroprotective role of Epo/EpoR in genetics and development.
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Early work pertained to elucidating the properties and modeling of the acoustic reflex and some excursions into psychophysics. By 1965 he established the Auditory Physiology Laboratory where he and some seventy doctoral students, postdocs and colleagues have produced a body of work that can be characterized in various categories. [2.1] Contemporary interpretation of the origin and properties of gross electrical responses of the cochlea and auditory nerve. This work forms the basis of present-day measurements and understanding of compound electrical responses of the auditory periphery.
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The pathway for ethylene biosynthesis is named the Yang cycle after the scientist Shang Fa Yang who made key contributions to elucidating this pathway. Ethylene is biosynthesized from the amino acid methionine to S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM, also called Adomet) by the enzyme Met adenosyltransferase. SAM is then converted to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) by the enzyme ACC synthase (ACS). The activity of ACS determines the rate of ethylene production, therefore regulation of this enzyme is key for the ethylene biosynthesis.
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He was born in 362 AH and died in 428 AH. He was also one of the teachers of al-Ḥāfiẓ al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, the author of Tārīkh Baghdād. This Mukhtaṣar is considered to be one of the reliable books within the Hanafi school, used by adherents of the school into the present day. For this reason Shaykh al-Mayḍanī undertook the task of writing a commentary on it and elucidating its contents. He sought to relate the chosen and established legal positions.
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Molecular studies of retroviruses have been partly responsible for elucidating the mechanisms responsible for oncogenesis. The Epsilonretroviruses provide a unique model for understanding the development and regression of tumors due to its seasonal prevalence and genetic evolutionary baggage. Proteins encoded by these viruses function in cell cycle regulation, alteration of cell-signaling pathways to promote proliferation and suppression of host cell apoptosis, and induction of apoptosis. The genetic and transcriptional similarities of the three classified Epsilonrertovirus suggest that these viruses share homologous mechanisms to replicate and proliferate.
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Article: THROCKMORTON, Sir George (by 1489-1552), of Coughton, Warws. Evidence of this recusancy are still evident in the houe today. A double priest hole is present in the tower of the house, elucidating the role the house played in the celebration of the Catholic faith in this period. After the move towards Catholic emancipation, Sir Robert Throckmorton, 8th Baronet, commissioned the building of a new church on the grounds, after the original church on the estate had been re-dedicated to the Anglican faith.
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Understanding genetic and phenotypic divergence across populations of varying species is important in elucidating ecological and evolutionary differences among populations. One such study where genetic structure among human individuals is investigated is by Relethford and Brennan, (1982) where pedigree and marriage data from Sanday, Orkney Islands in Scotland were used to evaluate temporal patterns in isolation by distance. The data considered were for three time periods, 1855-1884, 1885-1924, and 1925-1964. These time periods were categorized by birth year for married males.
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A method of recording brain activity in pigeons during flight has recently proven promising in that it could obtain an EEG of each hemisphere but for relatively short periods of time. Coupled with simulated wind tunnels in a controlled setting, these new methods of measuring brain activity could elucidate the truth behind whether or not birds sleep during flight. Additionally, based on research elucidating the role of acetylcholine in control of USWS, additional neurotransmitters are being researched to understand their roles in the asymmetric sleep model.
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In 1999, Kurzweil published a second book titled The Age of Spiritual Machines, which goes into more depth explaining his futurist ideas. The third and final section of the book is devoted to elucidating the specific course of technological advancements Kurzweil believes the world will experience over the next century. Titled "To Face the Future", the section is divided into four chapters respectively named "2009", "2019", "2029", and "2099". For every chapter, Kurzweil issues predictions about what life and technology will be like in that year.
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He has been a member of the American Association of Immunologists since 1973 and received its Distinguished Service Award in 1992. In 2004, together with Shimon Sakaguchi, he won the Cancer Research Institute's William B. Coley Award for Distinguished Research in Basic and Tumor Immunology for his part in elucidating the function of regulatory T cells in the control of autoimmune diseases. Since 2015, Thomson Reuters (now Clarivate) has listed Shevach as among those most likely to win a Nobel Prize, based on his citation record.
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Other methods for elucidating the cellular location of proteins requires the use of known compartmental markers for regions such as the ER, the Golgi, lysosomes or vacuoles, mitochondria, chloroplasts, plasma membrane, etc. With the use of fluorescently tagged versions of these markers or of antibodies to known markers, it becomes much simpler to identify the localization of a protein of interest. For example, indirect immunofluorescence will allow for fluorescence colocalization and demonstration of location. Fluorescent dyes are used to label cellular compartments for a similar purpose.
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In 2016, The Neuro became the first academic institution of its kind in the world to implement in practice the principles of open science, when the Lawrence and Judith Tanenbaum Family Foundation donated $20 M to establish the Tanenbaum Open Science Institute. Dr. Guy Rouleau, the current Director of The Neuro, was awarded the Canada Gairdner Wightman award in 2020, for identifying and elucidating the genetic architecture of neurological and psychiatric diseases, including ALS, autism and schizophrenia, and his leadership in the field of Open Science.
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Her creations however, remained unfailingly personal and poetic, and many remember her ironic wit and brilliance in performance. Mountainwater is best known for her book Ariadne's Thread: A Workbook of Goddess Magic. The work is considered a classic by many practitioners and seekers of women's spirituality and goddess worship. The text encourages women to find their own spiritual path, using the figure of the ancient goddess Ariadne as a metaphor, and elucidating the mysteries of woman-centered spirituality, while offering guidance through the cycles of life.
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On the premier, an apology for the delay offered by Moin Akhtar, the compere of the show, instead of all the film actors showering praises on the film and elucidating why should one see the movie. The industry's celebrities showed up by the dozens, which was an honour graced to the occasion. So much so that the main cast Meera and Babar Ali were not present at the launch! The chosen few who spoke included veteran actors Nadeem, Shakeel, Kamal and Talat Hussain, and writer Haseena Moin.
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Gallo's research focuses on the psychological aspects of cardio-metabolic disorders. She has 20 years of postdoctoral research experience focused on elucidating sociocultural factors in chronic cardio-metabolic diseases and developing and testing culturally appropriate interventions to reduce disparities in these conditions among underserved groups, especially Hispanics/Latinos. Gallo has stated that the related traits of hostility, anger, and aggressiveness have long been suggested as risk factors for coronary heart disease. Her research has determined that these negative emotions play a large role in overall health.
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It has been suggested that inducing selective amnesia for particular events or stimuli in patients may be an effective tool in psychotherapy.Alexander, L. (1953). The effect of electroshock on a "normal" person under recent stress: An experiment elucidating the influence of electroshock on the defensive operations of the ego. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 109, 696-698 Alexander (1953) found that administering electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to patients suffering from a traumatic life event induces selective amnesia for the traumatic event without effecting the patient's surrounding memories.
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Herbert W. "Skip" Virgin was the Edward Mallinckrodt Professor and Chair of the Department of Pathology & Immunology at the Washington University School of Medicine and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He is best known for establishing murine norovirus as a model system for studying norovirus biology, for identifying host phenotypes associated with persistent viral infections, for defining alterations to the human virome in the context of different diseases, and for elucidating the roles of autophagy and interferon- stimulated genes during viral infection.
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Michele Pagano is an Italian-American biochemist and cancer biologist best known for his work on cell cycle control and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. He is currently the chairman of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and the Ellen and Gerald Ritter Professor of Oncology at the New York University School of Medicine. He is also an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. His laboratory has played a central role in elucidating the role of a family of enzymes, the cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs), in mediating the proteolysis of key cellular regulators.
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James A. Lake (born August 10, 1941, Kearney, Nebraska) is an American evolutionary biologist and a Distinguished Professor of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology and of Human Genetics at UCLA. Lake is best known for the New Animal Phylogeny and for the first three-dimensional structure of the ribosome. He has also made significant contributions to understanding genome evolution across all kingdoms of life, including discovering informational and operational genes, elucidating the complexity hypothesis for gene transfer, rooting the tree of life, and understanding the early transition from prokaryotic to eukaryotic life.
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The History of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks): Short Course (), translated to English under the title History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks): Short Course, is a textbook on the history of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (AUCP (B)) (), first published in 1938. Colloquially known as the Short Course (), it became the most widely disseminated book during the time (until 1952) that Joseph Stalin served as the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the AUCP (B) and one of the most important works elucidating Marxism–Leninism.
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BDRI researchers suggest that the main management issues raised by their studies relates to the dolphins' habitat. The feeding opportunities for dolphins that are created by human activities have become part of their "way of life", part of their habitat requirements. When top predators display complex social responses to activities not directed at them, the task of studying all possible effects in the food chain can become even more challenging. Further work should focus on elucidating how human activities induce social and spatial changes in marine top predators.
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The two men wound each other, and after a long chase, the Captain finally catches up to Mitch, who has crossed most of the desert on foot trying to get back to the States. Further elucidating on his philosophy, the Captain says war is like love and allows men to express themselves. As he prepares to kill Mitch, Mitch surprises him with a small, single-shot pistol favored by Benito. After killing the Captain, Mitch returns to the city, buys new clothes to replace his bloody and torn rags, and visits Brad's parents.
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Schatz played a leading role in elucidating the biogenesis of mitochondria and in discovering mitochondrial DNA.Ellen Haslbrunner, Hans Tuppy and Gottfried Schatz (1964 at the Institut for Biochemistry at the Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna in Vienna, Austria): "Deoxyribonucleic Acid Associated with Yeast Mitochondria" (PDF) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 15, 127 - 132. He recognized that this DNA encoded only a small number of mitochondrial proteins which was decisive for his further research on the import of proteins into the mitochondria and the degradation of proteins within these organelles.
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Prior to the discovery of SARS-CoV, M-CoV (MHV, specifically) had been the best-studied coronavirus both in vivo and in vitro as well as at the molecular level. Some strains of M-CoV cause a progressive demyelinating encephalitis in mice which has been used as a murine model for multiple sclerosis. Significant research efforts have been focused on elucidating the viral pathogenesis of these animal coronaviruses, especially by virologists interested in veterinary and zoonotic diseases. A feature of the MHV is that many strains have the hemagglutinin-esterase gene turned into a pseudogene.
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The Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism (2002) mentions Hsyan-tsang, Tz'u-en, Dosho of Gango-ji, Nara, Gango-ji, Chitsuare in reference to elucidating that Chitatsu was: > A priest of the Dharma Characteristics (Hosso) school in Japan. In 658, > together with Chitsu, he journeyed to China and studied the doctrine of the > Dharma Characteristics school under Hsyan-tsang and his disciple Tz'u-en. > They brought the doctrine back with them. Earlier, Dōshō of Gangō-ji temple > in Nara went to China in 653 and studied under Hsyan-tsang.
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After his return to Italy, he became Group Leader of the Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory at the University of Palermo. In 2009, he was awarded the ‘L’Altra Italia – Vite da Premio’, a prize to honor Italian scientific researchers for outstanding achievements. In 2010 years, he became a pioneer in isolating and characterizing human cancer stem cells from solid tumors and in elucidating their remarkable apoptosis resistance mediated by interleukins. Professor Stassi was Director of the Cellular and Molecular Oncology Department at the S. Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, in Pavia, Italy until June 2012.
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David Nachmansohn (17 March 1899 – 2 November 1983) was a German-Jewish biochemist responsible for elucidating the role of phosphocreatine in energy production in the muscles, and the role of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in nerve stimulation. He is also recognised for his basic research into the biochemistry and mechanism underlying bioelectric phenomena. He was born in Ekaterinoslav, Russia (now Dnipro, Ukraine), moving to Berlin at an early age. In 1926 he went to the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut für Biologie where he worked in the laboratory under Otto Meyerhof.
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Fourierism manifested itself in the middle of the 19th century, where hundreds of communes (phalansteries) were founded on Fourierist principles in France, North America, Mexico, South America, Algeria, and Yugoslavia. Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Friedrich Engels and Peter Kropotkin all read him with fascination as did André Breton and Roland Barthes.Hakim Bey (1991) "The Lemonade Ocean & Modern Times" In his influential work Eros and Civilization, Herbert Marcuse praised Fourier by saying that he "comes closer than any other utopian socialist to elucidating the dependence of freedom on non-repressive sublimation".Herbert Marcuse.
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Rabbi Isaac's Mishnah commentary was published and edited by Nisan Meir Zaks (q.v. N.M. Zaks) in 1975, laureate of the "Rav Kook Award" for original Torah literature. When read in conjunction with other commentaries, it is an indispensable source for helping scholars understand the diachrony of the Hebrew language, especially in its use of Greek loan words, and how that some words have changed in meaning over the course of two millennia. Rabbi Isaac's method of elucidating the Mishnah is concise, resembling that of Rashi's commentary on the Talmud.
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The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was a United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) research initiative to improve understanding of the microbial flora involved in human health and disease. Launched in 2007, the first phase (HMP1) focused on identifying and characterizing human microbial flora. The second phase, known as the Integrative Human Microbiome Project (iHMP) launched in 2014 with the aim of generating resources to characterize the microbiome and elucidating the roles of microbes in health and disease states. The program received $170 million in funding by the NIH Common Fund from 2007 to 2016.
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Cardiac electrophysiology is the science of elucidating, diagnosing, and treating the electrical activities of the heart. The term is usually used to describe studies of such phenomena by invasive (intracardiac) catheter recording of spontaneous activity as well as of cardiac responses to programmed electrical stimulation (PES). These studies are performed to assess complex arrhythmias, elucidate symptoms, evaluate abnormal electrocardiograms, assess risk of developing arrhythmias in the future, and design treatment. These procedures increasingly include therapeutic methods (typically radiofrequency ablation, or cryoablation) in addition to diagnostic and prognostic procedures.
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Forty works have been attributed to Sri Raghavendra swamy. Sharma notes that his works are characterised by their compactness, simplicity and their ability to explain the abstruse metaphysical concepts of Dvaita in understandable terms. His Tantradipika is an interpretation of the Brahma Sutra from the standpoint of Dvaita incorporating elements from Jayatirtha's Nyaya Sudha, Vyasatirtha's Tatparya Chandrika and the glosses by Vijayendra Tirtha. Bhavadipa is a commentary on Jayatirtha's Tattva Prakasika which, apart from elucidating the concepts of the source text, criticises the allegations against Madhva raised by Appaya Dikshita and grammarian Bhattoji Dikshita.
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Lubert Stryer (born March 2, 1938, in Tianjin, China) is the Mrs. George A. Winzer Professor of Cell Biology, Emeritus, at the Stanford University School of Medicine. His research over more than four decades has been centered on the interplay of light and life. In 2007 he received the National Medal of Science from President Bush at a ceremony at the White House for elucidating the biochemical basis of signal amplification in vision, pioneering the development of high density microarrays for genetic analysis, and authoring the standard undergraduate biochemistry textbook, Biochemistry.
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A Legist, from the Latin lex 'law', is any expert or student of law. It was especially used since the Carolingian dynasty for royal councillors who advised the monarch in legal matters, and specifically helped base its absolutist ambitions on Roman Law. More generally they were teachers of civil or Roman law, who, besides expounding sources, explaining terms, elucidating texts, summarizing the contents of chapters etc., illustrated by cases, real or imaginary, the numerous questions and distinctions arising out of the "Corpus Juris" enactments of the ancient Roman code.
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This identification remained controversial until the 1940s. The origin of the disease was still uncertain however, in 1927, Raymond suggested that the disease may have been caused by a fungus identified in 1877 in Portugal that had been imported from Portuguese colonies. In 1980, Boesewinkel demonstrated that the same species was responsible for powdery mildew on Quercus robur and on a mango species from New Zealand, supporting the hypothesis that the fungus had shifted its host. Recently, molecular biology has provided new tools for identifying species and elucidating their relatedness.
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Drawing of the ECG, with labels of intervals Cardiac electrophysiology is the science of elucidating, diagnosing, and treating the electrical activities of the heart. The term is usually used in a clinical context to describe studies of such phenomena by invasive (intracardiac) catheter recording of spontaneous activity as well as of cardiac responses to programmed electrical stimulation (PES), see Clinical cardiac electrophysiology. Cardiac electrophysiology also encompasses basic research and translational research components. Someone who studies cardiac electrophysiology, either clinically or solely through research, is known as a cardiac electrophysiologist.
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Karissa's early research was in plasma physics. She earned her PhD in astrophysical sciences at University of Colorado Boulder under Martin V. Goldman (a student of Donald F. Dubois). Her dissertation entailed analytical treatments of non-linear wave-wave interactions in plasmas, elucidating the competition between Langmuir wave-wave and wave-particle effects in the auroral ionosphere. In 1997, after earning her doctorate, Sanbonmatsu joined Los Alamos National Laboratory as a postdoctoral scholar under Donald F. Dubois (a student of Murray Gell-Mann), determining the effect of kinetic processes on Langmuir waves in plasmas.
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There are twelve ATP-binding sites in KaiC and the residues that are phosphorylated during the in vitro phosphorylation rhythm have been identified. KaiA has two major domains and forms dimers in which the N-terminal domains are "swapped" with the C-terminal domains. KaiB has been successfully crystallized from three different species of cyanobacteria and forms dimers or tetramers. The three-dimensional structures have been helpful in elucidating the cyanobacterial clock mechanism by providing concrete models for the ways in which the three Kai proteins interact and influence each other.
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Detection and diagnosis of S. apiospermum is possible through isolation of the fungus in culture or through cytology and histopathology in the tissues of diseased individuals. In mycetoma-type infections, a confluence of symptoms is necessary for diagnosis, including tumefaction, draining sinuses and extrusion of grains. Furthermore, P. boydii grains and hyphae should be cultured and observed microscopically after staining with H&E;, periodic acid–Schiff stain, Tissue Gram or Grocott's methenamine silver stain. A radiological diagnosis may be helpful in elucidating the extent of the disease in terms of bone and soft tissue involvement.
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Min Chen is an eminent Australian plant physiologist. She was born in China and educated in Northeast Normal University China - BSc in 1984 and MSc in 1987 and received her PhD in 2003 from The University of Sydney Australia. She is a Full Professor and Australian Research Council Future Fellow in the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Sydney. Her research is primarily concerned with elucidating the molecular and biochemical mechanism of the energy-storing reactions in photosynthetic organisms, especially the function of novel photopigments in oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria.
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From 1994 until 2000 Blake was head of the Canterbury Tales Project. The project was first based at the University of Sheffield and from 1998 onwards at De Montfort University. It was funded by amongst others the Leverhulme Trust and the British Academy. Its aim was to make electronically available all the manuscripts and early printed versions of The Canterbury Tales, a total of approximately 80 manuscripts and books elucidating the textual tradition of the work and providing understanding of the reshaping of the English language during an important phase in its history.
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The research group of John E. Walker, then at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, crystallized the F1 catalytic- domain of ATP synthase. The structure, at the time the largest asymmetric protein structure known, indicated that Boyer's rotary-catalysis model was, in essence, correct. For elucidating this, Boyer and Walker shared half of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The crystal structure of the F1 showed alternating alpha and beta subunits (3 of each), arranged like segments of an orange around a rotating asymmetrical gamma subunit.
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Kartik Chandran is an American environmental engineer at Columbia University, where he is a Professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering. He primarily works on the interface between environmental molecular and microbiology, environmental biotechnology and environmental engineering. The focus of his research is on elucidating the molecular microbial ecology and metabolic pathways of the microbial nitrogen cycle. Applications of his work have ranged from energy and resource efficient treatment of nitrogen containing wastewater streams, development and implementation of sustainable approaches to sanitation to novel models for resource recovery.
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The Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution was founded at the MBL in 1997 and is currently directed by David Mark Welch. By comparing diverse genomes, scientists at the center are elucidating the evolutionary relationships of biological systems, and describing genes and genomes of biomedical and environmental significance. Microorganisms found in a wide range of ecosystems, including the human microbiome, are studied. Mitchell Sogin, the Bay Paul Center's founder, also founded two courses at the MBL: the Workshop in Molecular Evolution; and Strategies and Techniques for Analyzing Microbial Population Structures.
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Hong's research focuses on elucidating the structure, dynamics and mechanism of membrane proteins using ssNMR. She is particularly known for her in-depth study of the Matrix-2 (M2) proteins of influenza A viruses, which are responsible for all flu pandemics in history. M2 is an acid-activated proton channel and a membrane scission protein of the influenza virus. Hong's ssNMR studies have provided insights into the proton-conduction mechanism of this channel, by quantifying the proton transfer rates and equilibria between water and the proton-selective histidine residue.
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The book received widespread praise for elucidating the consequences of reliance on big data models for structuring socioeconomic resources. Clay Shirky from The New York Times Book Review said "O’Neil does a masterly job explaining the pervasiveness and risks of the algorithms that regulate our lives," while pointing out that "the section on solutions is weaker than the illustration of the problem.". Kirkus Reviews praised the book for being "an unusually lucid and readable" discussion of a technical subject. In 2019, the book won the Euler Book Prize of the Mathematical Association of America.
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He returned to work for the NRC in 1955 as a research officer, followed by a promotion to head of the Free Radical Chemistry Section. He was awarded the 1968 Petroleum Chemistry Award, the 1988 Linus Pauling Award, and both the Davy Medal and Royal Medal of the Royal Society, the latter for "elucidating the mechanism of reactions involving free radicals". In 1995 he was made an officer of the Order of Canada. He has received honorary degrees from the universities of Guelph, Mount Allison, St Andrews, Carleton, McMaster and Dalhousie.
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Beyond elucidating relative settlement chronologies, Guido's reconstruction drawing of the Hayhope roundhouse was to become the modern standard. Although Little Woodbury had been successful in exposing an Early Iron Age roundhouse, the report had been remarkably inconclusive with respect to its reconstruction. Guido simplified this in line with the earlier Northumbrian work of Wake and Kilbride-Jones, which went on to influence Brewster at Staple Howe. The Hayhope-Hownam excavations also suggested the potential for a typology of prehistoric houses – as later undertaken by Richard Feachem and George Jobey – both greatly influenced by Guido's work.
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Pan is best known for his pioneering work elucidating the Hippo signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that regulates tissue growth in development, tumorigenesis and regeneration. Using fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and mouse (Mus musculus) as experimental models, his laboratory systematically decoded the key molecular events in the Hippo pathway, including its core kinase cascade,Wu, S., Huang, J., Dong, J., and Pan, D. (2003). hippo encodes a Ste-20 family protein kinase that restricts cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in conjunction with salvador and warts. Cell 114, 445-456.
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Cheng is recognized nationally and internationally for her work in understanding the molecular actions of mutant thyroid hormone receptors in vivo and the biology of thyroid hormone nuclear receptors in health and disease. She pioneered the development of mouse models to understand the molecular basis of diseases due to mutations of thyroid hormone receptors. Her studies of mouse models of hypothyroidism and resistance to thyroid hormone resulted in the discovery that mutations of thyroid hormone receptor subtypes lead to different human diseases. She is elucidating the roles of thyroid hormone receptors in cancers.
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Three genes have been characterized in the 31-kb region which contains all genes necessary for TβL synthesis and tabtoxin resistance: tabA, tabB, and tblA. Although there is no obvious relationship between TblA and known polypeptides, TabA has significant sequence homology to LysA from E. coliand P. aeruginosa whereas TabB shows relatedness to DapD. Some progress has been made on elucidating factors that regulate tabtoxin biosynthesis in P. syringae. In a subsequent study, zinc was shown to be required for the aminopeptidase activity, which hydrolyzes tabtoxin to release TβL.
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Alastair Ian Scott (born 10 April 1928 in Glasgow; died 18 April 2007) was a Scottish-born American organic chemist who achieved international renown for elucidating the biosynthetic pathway of vitamin B12. He occupied successive chairs of organic chemistry at the universities of British Columbia, Sussex and Yale before moving to Texas A&M; University in 1977. He was named a distinguished professor of chemistry and biochemistry in 1981, and remained at Texas until the end of his career. In 1964 he won the Corday-Morgan Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC).
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Hue and Eugèn Gouin (1957) both define by itself as an abbreviation of . Elucidating on the 1931 dictionary, Gouin and Lê Ngọc Trụ (1970) both give as a corruption of (), which was commonly sold by Chinese immigrants in Hanoi. ( is an allophone of in some northern dialects of Vietnamese.) Some scholars argue that pho (the dish) evolved from , a Vietnamese dish common in Hanoi at the turn of the century. Originally eaten by commoners near the Red River, it consisted of stir-fried strips of water buffalo meat served in broth atop rice vermicelli.
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Soon after, an overwhelming amount of research was done in proving the existence and elucidating the link between ADP/ATP translocase and energy transport. cDNA of ADP/ATP translocase was sequenced for bovine in 1982 and a yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae in 1986 before finally Battini et al. sequenced a cDNA clone of the human transporter in 1989. The homology in the coding sequences between human and yeast ADP/ATP translocase was 47% while bovine and human sequences extended remarkable to 266 out of 297 residues, or 89.6%.
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They are sometimes even included in the Carabidae as subfamilies or as tribes incertae sedis, but more preferably they are united with the ground beetles in the superfamily Caraboidea. Much research has been done on elucidating the phylogeny of the ground beetles and adjusting systematics and taxonomy accordingly. While no completely firm consensus exists, a few points are generally accepted: The ground beetles seemingly consist of a number of more basal lineages and the extremely diverse Harpalinae, which contain over half the described species and into which several formerly independent families had to be subsumed.
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Phosphorus-32 (32P) is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus. The nucleus of phosphorus-32 contains 15 protons and 17 neutrons, one more neutron than the most common isotope of phosphorus, phosphorus-31. Phosphorus-32 only exists in small quantities on Earth as it has a short half-life of 14.268 days and so decays rapidly. Phosphorus is found in many organic molecules and so phosphorus-32 has many applications in medicine, biochemistry, and molecular biology where it can be used to trace phosphorylated molecules (for example, in elucidating metabolic pathways) and radioactively label DNA.
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He dismantles national Paraguayan mythology which is so intimately intertwined with the life of Dr. Francia, elucidating the distinctions between mythic and mythological. The novel can only accomplish this task within the metaphysical space of mythmaking. Whereas Macedonio attacks the concept of the individual as subject while admitting the fact that to write makes oneself a subject, Roa Bastos recognizes this paradox and exploits it, utilizing it in concerns of political and social nature. Themes from Plato and his influence on Western political philosophy are also prevalent in the novel.
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Reading Egyptian Art: A Hieroglyphic Guide to Ancient Egyptian Painting and Sculpture a primer on Egyptian hieroglyphs from the viewpoint of seeing hieroglyphs in the context of their use in iconography of sculpture, monuments, reliefs, tomb reliefs, literature, specifically the corpus of The Book of the Dead versions for various deceased Egyptians, and other areas. The book is arranged sequentially with the 26 categories of Gardiner's Sign List. Each entry is a detailed write-up, and a facing page of one to six graphic or photo examples, elucidating the hieroglyphs usage.
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Robin L. Garrell received her B.S. degree in biochemistry with honors and Distinction from Cornell University in 1978. While at Cornell, she worked with Stuart J. Edelstein on elucidating the structure of sickle cell hemoglobin fibers. Upon graduating from Cornell University, Garrell enrolled in the Graduate Program in Macromolecular Science and Engineering from the University of Michigan, where she studied under Samuel Krimm and researched the development of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to probe adsorption at liquid-metal interfaces. Garell earned her M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Michigan in 1984.
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Robbins' research has focused on a variety of biochemical pathways. In his early career at MIT, he worked closely with Luria studying the structure and biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides, including elucidating the structure of bactoprenol and identifying the direction of chain elongation in LPS synthesis in bacteria. He later moved on to studying the biochemistry of the eukaryotic N-linked glycosylation pathway and more recently, with John Samuelson, has studied the evolution of this pathway in protists. He has also worked on the problem of chitin synthesis and its role in yeast.
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Her professional career has been directed at elucidating cellular and molecular mechanisms of steroid hormone-mediated regulation of reproductive target tissues and of tumors that develop in these tissues, especially breast cancer. Katzenellenbogen has published more than 330 research articles, contributed 30 book chapters, and co-edited a book on hormone-dependent cancers. She has trained more than 90 graduate students and postdoctoral scientists and has overseen numerous undergraduates in their biomedical research. For her activities in mentoring, she was recognized with the Mentor Award from Women in Endocrinology in 2011.
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Pusey is a pioneer of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and is known for elucidating the structure and dynamics of concentrated colloidal suspensions. He contributed to the development, underlying theory and applications of DLS. He was among the first to apply photon correlation techniques and, with colleagues, developed the now standard method of cumulant analysis for particle sizing. His theory, with William van Megen, of DLS by non-ergodic media resolved long-standing difficulties, allowing DLS studies of amorphous solid-like systems such as polymer gels and glassy colloidal suspensions.
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Existing molecular-based phylogenies provide monophyletic support for Solidago, given its inclusion of Oligoneuron. Chromosome counts have proven to be a valuable character in Solidago taxonomy and in elucidating the cytogeographic history of Solidago. Similar chromosome counts may indicate close evolutionary relationships while different chromosome numbers may suggest distant relationships through reproductive isolation. Chromosome counts have been studied extensively in North America; all Solidago species have a base chromosome number of x=9, but the following ploidy levels have been observed: 2x, 3x, 4x, 6x, 8x, 10x, 12x, and 14x.
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Retrieved 24 October 2010. The Institute of Physics awarded him the 2007 Mott Medal and Prize "for his discovery of a new class of materials—free- standing two-dimensional crystals—in particular graphene"."2007 Mott medal and prize". Institute of Physics. Retrieved 24 October 2010. Geim was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2007. His certificate of election reads: He shared the 2008 EPS Europhysics Prize with Novoselov "for discovering and isolating a single free-standing atomic layer of carbon (graphene) and elucidating its remarkable electronic properties".Johnston, Hamish.
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Lerma has focused his research on the molecular basis of neuronal communication, specifically on elucidating the properties and signaling mechanisms of glutamate receptors. He described the existence of functional kainate receptors (KARs) in central neurons and applied single-cell RT-PCR to study neurotransmitter receptors. He described the KAR's fundamental role in controlling neuronal tissue excitability and epileptogenesis, demonstrating that KARs have a dual mechanism of signaling. He studied the role played by KARs at particular synapses and in the pathophysiology of brain diseases, in particular those related to mood disorders.
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The narrative jumps forward three months later with the man, known now as Abel the Magus, coming to check in on how the Thief is settling in Paris. The Thief then reflects on the necessity of poets in elucidating the mysteries of life to the man. Then he goes to a café with two unnamed characters, noting that the people in crowded Parisian streets are no more than a collective of unthinking animals. He waits until nightfall and then walks alone on the streets, a common choice the Thief makes throughout the novel.
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The DFSG was first published together with the first version of the Debian Social Contract in July 1997. The primary author was Bruce Perens, with input from the Debian developers during a month- long discussion on a private mailing list, as part of the larger Debian Social Contract. Perens was copied to an email discussion between Ean Schuessler (then of Debian) and Donnie Barnes of Red Hat, in which Schuessler accused Red Hat of never elucidating its social contract with the Linux community. Perens realized that neither did Debian have any formal social contract, and immediately started creating one.
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Understanding the stereochemistry of α-diazo ketones is essential in elucidating the mechanism of the Wolff rearrangement. α-diazocarbonyl compounds are generally locally planar, with large rotational barriers (55–65 kJ/mol) due to C-C olefin character between the carbonyl and α-carbon, illustrated in the rightmost resonance structure. Such a large barrier slows molecular rotations sufficiently to lead to an equilibrium between two conformers, an s-trans and s-cis-conformer. s-cis-Conformers are electronically favored due to Coulombic attraction between the oxygen with a partial negative charge and the cationic nitrogen, as seen in the rightmost resonance structure.
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LY-320,135 is a drug used in scientific research which acts as a selective antagonist of the cannabinoid receptor CB1. It was developed by Eli Lilly and Company in the 1990s. LY-320,135 displays fairly good selectivity, with a binding affinity for CB1 around 70x stronger than for CB2, but both its potency and selectivity are modest compared to newer agents, and at higher doses it also binds to a range of non-cannabinoid receptors. However LY-320,135 is still fairly widely used in research, particularly for elucidating the mechanisms by which many CB1 antagonists act as inverse agonists at higher doses.
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The scale has the same basic design as the original Fujita scale—six intensity categories from zero to five, representing increasing degrees of damage. It was revised to reflect better examinations of tornado damage surveys, in order to align wind speeds more closely with associated storm damage. Better standardizing and elucidating what was previously subjective and ambiguous, it also adds more types of structures and vegetation, expands degrees of damage, and better accounts for variables such as differences in construction quality. An "EF-Unknown" (EFU) category was later added for tornadoes that cannot be rated due to a lack of damage evidence.
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CB1 mRNA transcripts are abundant in GABAergic interneurons of the hippocampus, indirectly reflecting the expression of these receptors and elucidating the established effect of cannabinoids on memory. These receptors are densely located in cornu ammonis pyramidal cells, which are known to release glutamate. Cannabinoids suppress the induction of LTP and LTD in the hippocampus by inhibiting these glutamatergic neurons. By reducing the concentration of glutamate released below the threshold necessary to depolarize the postsynaptic receptor NMDA, a receptor known to be directly related to the induction of LTP and LTD, cannabinoids are a crucial factor in the selectivity of memory.
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Epub 2008 Jan 8. Furthermore, building from the Dehaene-Changeux Model, Werner (2007b) proposed that the application of the twin concepts of scaling and universality of the theory of non-equilibrium phase transitions can serve as an informative approach for elucidating the nature of underlying neural-mechanisms, with emphasis on the dynamics of recursively reentrant activity flow in intracortical and cortico-subcortical neuronal loops. Friston (2000) also claimed that "the nonlinear nature of asynchronous coupling enables the rich, context-sensitive interactions that characterize real brain dynamics, suggesting that it plays a role in functional integration that may be as important as synchronous interactions".
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During his life he destroyed 800 books and made 3,600 scraps. In 1848 he published his Life of Shakespeare, illustrated by John Thomas Blight (1835–1911), which had several editions; in 1853–1865 a sumptuous edition, limited to 150 copies, of Shakespeare in folio, with full critical notes. After 1870 he entirely gave up textual criticism, and devoted his attention to elucidating the particulars of Shakespeare's life. He collated all the available facts and documents in relation to it, and exhausted the information to be found in local records in his Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare.
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Phil Skolnick (born 26 February 1947) is an American neuroscientist and pharmacologist most widely known for his work on the psychopharmacology of depression and anxiety, as well as on addiction medicine. Author of more than 500 published papers, Skolnick's most notable accomplishments include elucidating the role of the NMDA system in depression therapeutics, demonstrating the existence of endogenous benzodiazepine receptor ligands, and spearheading the National Institute on Drug Abuse's partnership to develop a naloxone atomizer for reversal of acute opioid overdose. Skolnick's work also laid the foundation for the development of ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant.
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Around the age of 30, Burujerdi moved from Isfahan to the theological seminary of Najaf, Iraq to continue his education. In his youth, Borujerdi studied under a number of Shia masters of fiqh such as Mohammad-Kazem Khorasani and Aqa Zia Iraqi, and specialized in fiqh. He studied the fiqahat of all the Islamic schools of thought, not just his own, along with the science of rijal. Though he is known for citing Masumeen to support many of his deductions, Borujerdi is known for elucidating many aspects himself and is an influential fiqh jurist in his own right.
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In the fifth step, a P450 enzyme closes the 5 + 7 guaianolide structure. The ring closing is important, because it will proceed via 1,10 - epoxidation in order to retain the 4,5 - double bond needed in thapsigargin. It is not known whether the secondary modifications to the guaianolide occur before, or after the formation of thapsigargin, but will need to be considered when elucidating the true biosynthesis. It should also be noted, that several of these enzymes are P450s, therefore oxygen and NADPH are likely crucial to this biosynthesis as well as other cofactors such as Mg2+ and Mn2+ may be needed.
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During this time, he wrote a stream of papers setting out the natural history, treatment and prevention of plantar ulcers in leprosy. These papers formed the basis of his M.D. (Cantab.) 1961. As his obituary in the Leprosy Review reads, "This work, together with the work concurrently being undertaken by Dr Paul Brand and his colleagues in India, had a revolutionary impact on ideas about concerning the aetiology and treatment of ulcers occurring in neuropathic feet.". However the distinguished Indian leprologist Hariharan Srinivasan, writing in 1968, gave Price sole credit for elucidating the cause of plantar ulcers, not mentioning Paul Brand.
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The behaviour remains an important research topic because USWS is possibly the first animal behaviour which uses different regions of the brain to simultaneously control sleep and wakefulness. The greatest theoretical importance of USWS is its potential role in elucidating the function of sleep by challenging various current notions. Researchers have looked to animals exhibiting USWS to determine if sleep must be essential; otherwise, species exhibiting USWS would have eliminated the behaviour altogether through evolution. The amount of time spent sleeping during the unihemispheric slow- wave stage is considerably less than the bilateral slow-wave sleep.
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Mark David Bertness Mark Bertness (born July 13, 1949) is an American ecologist, known for his work on the community assembly of marine shoreline communities.Bertness, M.D. 2006. Atlantic Shoreline Ecology: A Natural History. Princeton University Press Among his important work are the Stress Gradient Hypothesis (Bertness and Callaway 1994) that predicts that positive species interactions are more important in biologically and physically stressful habitats than in biologically and physically benign habitats, his experimental research in a variety of marine intertidal communities elucidating the roles of biotic interaction across intertidal gradients (Bertness and Hacker 1994, Bertness et al.
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Analyses on binding sites and conformational changes augmented the structural studies, elucidating the functions of each domain of PA, LF, and EF, as briefly outlined in Table 1. The structure of PA was the first to be determined (Fig. 3). This structure and that of its cellular receptor shed much light on the specificity of recognition and binding.Lacy, D. B.; Wigelsworth, D. J.; Scobie, H. M.; Young, J. A.; Collier, R. J. Crystal structure of the von Willebrand factor A domain of human capillary morphogenesis protein 2: an anthrax toxin receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004, 101, 6367–6372.
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Benzaldehyde was first extracted in 1803 by the French pharmacist Martrès. His experiments focused on elucidating the nature of amygdalin, the poisonous material found in bitter almonds, the fruit of Prunus dulcis.In 1803 C. Martrès published a manuscript on the oil of bitter almonds: "Recherches sur la nature et le siège de l'amertume et de l'odeur des amandes amères" (Research on the nature and location of the bitterness and the smell of bitter almonds). However, the memoir was largely ignored until an extract was published in 1819: Martrès fils (1819) "Sur les amandes amères," Journal de Pharmacie, vol.
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It is meant to honor those authors who, through their outstanding writing about the American South, carry on Smith's legacy of elucidating the condition of racial and social inequity and proposing a vision of justice and human understanding. According to "The Language of Sexuality and Silence in Lillian Smith's Strange Fruit", her work examines many different perspectives of American consciousness and is a great source to better understand Southern history post-Civil War through the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. She could also be used as a reliable patron for gay and lesbian research based on her relationship with Snelling.
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A later report demonstrated that the same genetic variants are also associated with the natural clearance of the genotype 1 hepatitis C virus. These major findings facilitated the development of personalized medicine and allowed physicians to customize medical decisions based on the patient's genotype. The goal of elucidating pathophysiology has also led to increased interest in the association between risk-SNPs and the gene expression of nearby genes, the so- called expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies. The reason is that GWAS studies identify risk-SNPs, but not risk-genes, and specification of genes is one step closer towards actionable drug targets.
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M.Y. Shawarbi, an authority on Islamic culture, scientist and author, says of this book "In comparative religion and metaphysics, the release of over five hundred "teaching stories" in Tales of the Dervishes, and Wisdom of the Idiots, and several other books was recognized in religious and philosophical journals as elucidating a hitherto very imperfectly known system of teaching." Wealth, volume and entertainment factor of these stories have spurred establishment of many organizations and colleges of story tellers. Wisdom of the Idiots has been awarded many prizes, including two gold medals, one for being 'Best Book', in conjunction with UNESCO's World Book Year.
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Laurence Marvin Sandler (1929–1987) was a "leading Drosophila geneticist",Dan Lindsley, "Larry Sandler: Personal Recollections" Genetics 151: 1233–1237 (April 1999) active during the mid-20th century. Sandler is best known for his work establishing and elucidating the phenomenon of meiotic drive. (Meiotic drive is when one copy of a gene is passed on to offspring more than the expected 50% of the time.) Sandler earned a B.S. at Cornell University and did his doctoral work with Ed Novitski at the University of Missouri, where he collaborated with Gerry Braver.Dan Lindsley, "Larry Sandler: The Father of Meiotic Drive", The American Naturalist, Vol.
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Although long term health effects can come from the minor health problems like heart disease caused from the obesity and type 2 diabetes. And if these bad habits continue unchanged a person effected by these disease could die prematurely. The department later developed a new private/public partnership to address access and consumption of fruit and vegetables. A 2008 audit found some progress generated as a result in incentive's fruit and vegetable access, but no headway in identifying and addressing any supply issues in development planning or elucidating cost, quality and access issues for remote, rural and urban areas.
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They can also act as chemical reaction chambers. Sarfus image of lipid vesicles. The 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was shared by James Rothman, Randy Schekman and Thomas Südhof for their roles in elucidating (building upon earlier research, some of it by their mentors) the makeup and function of cell vesicles, especially in yeasts and in humans, including information on each vesicle's parts and how they are assembled. Vesicle dysfunction is thought to contribute to Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, some hard-to-treat cases of epilepsy, some cancers and immunological disorders and certain neurovascular conditions.
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Shilpi has also worked with RJ Raunac on dramatic reading of Asghar Wajahat's stories. Apart from acting, she has penned five stories, namely, "Apratyaksh", a love story of a eunuch, "Kaash", an intercaste love saga, "Purity" on the slut-shaming tendencies of society and "Rangmanch", elucidating the struggles involved in the life of an aspiring actor trying to fulfil his dream and “Asifa” on child abuse. All these stories have been staged for audience in Delhi.“Ehsaas” a solo act written and performed by Shilpi showcases a young girl's struggle to express her love and desire for other women.
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In 2007, Judy wrote a seminal paper about the crystalline Coenzyme Q10 raw material. He emphasized the need for the crystals to be dissociated into single free molecules to be absorbed, and he discussed the simple passive facilitated diffusion process by which the molecules can be absorbed in the small intestines. He explained the transport of the fat-soluble Coenzyme Q10 molecules, their conversion from the oxidized form, ubiquinone, to the reduced form, ubiquinol, and the importance of the supplement formulation for the bio- availability of Coenzyme Q10. He concluded by elucidating the biological functions of the ubiquinone and ubiquinol molecules.
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Religious Studies is, however, interested in why people believe that their religious statements or experience is true, thus description, although vital, must "transcend the informative" and engage in dialogue with "the para-historical claims of religions and anti- religious outlooks". It need not be hostile to the type of committed approach pursued in theology "provided it is open, and does not artificially restrict understanding and choice". It is not concerned with evangelising but with elucidating understanding, or meaning. Religious Studies, too, has a vital role to play in combating tribalism, that is, human captivity to its own cultures.
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By 2018, Monteggia was recruited to Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee to become the Barlow Family Director of the Vanderbilt Brain Institute as well as Professor of Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Psychology. She is also a Vanderbilt Kennedy Center Investigator based on her work elucidating the role of MeCP2 in the neurodevelopmental disorder Rett Syndrome. At Vanderbilt, Monteggia’s Lab continues to study neurotrophins and their effects on antidepressant efficacy, the rapid antidepressant actions of ketamine, as well as the epigenetic regulation of synapse function which includes further investigations of the transcriptional depressor MeCP2 and its role in Rett Syndrome manifestation.
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Further elucidating its tumorigenesis function, knocking down SALL4 expression with short hairpin-RNA in leukemic cells or treating these cells with a peptide that mimics the N-12aa of SALL4 to inhibit its interaction with the NuRD complex both result in cell death. These suggest the primary cancer- maintaining property of SALL4 is mediated through its transcriptional repressing function. These observations have led to growing interest in SALL4 as both a diagnostic tool as well as target in cancer therapy. For example, in solid tumors such as germ cell tumors, SALL4 protein expression has become a standard diagnostic biomarker.
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The first project involves probing the role of cortico-striatal circuitry in modulating anxiety-like behavior as well as elucidating the potential of this circuit as a target of chronic therapeutic stimulation. In line with this project, the Gunaydin Lab published their first paper in 2020 highlighting their discovery of a subpopulation of striatal projecting prefrontal neurons that regulate approach-avoidance conflict in rodents. The other two projects her lab is working on explore the roles of cortical neural subpopulations in obsessive- compulsive disorder behaviors as well as the mechanisms of circuit defects in genetic mouse models for obsessive-compulsive disorder and autism.
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Reid Venable Moran (June 30, 1916 – January 21, 2010) was an American botanist and the curator of botany at the San Diego Natural History Museum from 1957 to 1982. Moran was the world authority on the Crassulaceae, a family of succulent plants, and in particular the genus Dudleya, the subject of his Ph.D. dissertation. He named at least 18 plants new to science — some in that family and some not — and published many papers elucidating relationships within the Crassulaceae. As a mark of the respect he earned among his peers, more than a dozen plants have been named for him.
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Following Rodriguez's successful postdoctoral work at Columbia elucidating the therapeutic potential of Ketamine in treating OCD, Rodriguez continued to pursue a further understanding of this therapeutic avenue and ways to improve its efficacy in patients. To assess the neurochemical effects of Ketamine, Rodriguez and her colleagues used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. They found that subjects treated with Ketamine had higher GABA levels than controls, and these findings support data showing that patients with OCD have decreased GABAergic activity. Their finding pointed to a novel mechanism of ketamine action and underlying GABA abnormality in patients suffering from OCD.
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Annotation unification of GeneDecks is based on the similarity in GeneCards gene-content space detection algorithms. # Partner hunting: In GeneDecks's Partner Hunter, users give a query gene, and the system seeks similar genes based on combinatorial similarity of weighted attributes. # Set distillation: In Set distiller, users give a set of genes, and the system ranks attributes by their degree of sharing within a given gene set. Like Partner Hunter, it enables sophisticated investigation of a variety of gene sets, of diverse origins, for discovering and elucidating relevant biological patterns, thus enhancing systematic genomics and systems biology scrutiny.
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Timothy "Tim" A. Springer, Ph.D. is an immunologist and Latham Family Professor at Harvard Medical School.Springer CV Springer is best known for his pioneering work in discovering the first integrins and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) and elucidating how these cell adhesion molecules function in the immune system. His innovative use of monoclonal antibodies in his research paved the way for the development of therapeutic antibodies, known as selective adhesion molecule inhibitors, to treat autoimmune diseases. In recent years, Springer's research interest has expanded to include malaria, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling molecules, and von Willebrand factor.
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In 2019, Dr. Berek launched the Stanford Center for Health Communication, a Center conducting research at the intersection of medicine and the media with a focus on the spread of health misinformation. The Center trains health care providers in the art and science of effective communication with patients, peers and the public. A Stanford faculty member since 2005, he is renowned for his expertise in gynecologic oncology, surgical innovation and technique, and research in ovarian cancer, especially immunology and immunotherapy. His past laboratory research focused on fundamental mechanisms of cancer immunology, elucidating growth regulatory pathways for cytokines and their receptors.
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Christoph Klein completed clinical and scientific training at the Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital Munich, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, University Children's Hospital Freiburg, and Boston Children's Hospital. He was Chair of the Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology at Hannover Medical School before being appointed Chair of the Department of Pediatrics at LMU in 2011. Klein and his laboratory investigate clinical, genetic and cell biological aspects of rare diseases of the blood and immune system. By studying rare human diseases, his team is interested in elucidating basic mechanisms orchestrating the development and function of hematopoietic and immune cells.
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Waitara possess two English forwards who, the writer declares, are miles ahead of anything in the present touring team." Taranaki played the Auckland side at the Recreation Ground losing 2–0. The Taranaki Herald reporting on the match elucidating, "The result was contrary to local anticipations, it being recognised that the touring team was weak in the back division, and would not be able to hold up against the opponents' tactics. However, the Taranaki combination made a bad showing, and on the whole the game was of a very medium standard, hardly up to that played at Waitara on the Saturday previous.
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F. Xavier Castellanos, M.D. (born November 16, 1953) is the Director of Research at the NYU Child Study Center. His work aims at elucidating the neuroscience of ADHD through structural and functional brain imaging studies, collaborating on molecular genetic studies, and coordinating an interdisciplinary network of translational investigators (the ADHD Neuroscience Network). Dr. Castellanos chaired the NIH ‘Initial Review Group’ (Study Section) on Developmental Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities from 2005–2007 and is chairing the revision of the diagnostic criteria for externalizing disorders for the forthcoming edition of DSM-V, projected for 2012. He continues to make significant contributions to research into the neurobiological substrates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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Marlin's work centered around exploring the role of oxytocin, often known as the "love hormone", in maternal behavior. On her way to elucidating the biological underpinnings of maternal behavior, Marlin first explored auditory cortex plasticity during critical periods of brain development. She published a paper in 2011 describing the importance of excitatory-inhibitory balance in determining the duration of the critical period plasticity for auditory cortical frequency tuning, since after birth the auditory cortex is not yet tuned. This work laid the foundation for Marlin to be able to explore how oxytocin shapes social cognition and modifies neural circuits to enable mothers to retrieve pups when they emit ultrasonic stress calls.
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For some time, the significance of halogen bonding to biological macromolecular structure was overlooked. Based on single-crystal structures in the protein data bank (PDB) (July 2004 version), a study by Auffinger and others on single crystals structures with 3 Å resolution or better entered into the PDB revealed that over 100 halogen bonds were found in six halogenated-based nucleic acid structures and sixty-six protein-substrate complexes for halogen-oxygen interactions. Although not as frequent as halogen-oxygen interactions, halogen-nitrogen and halogen-sulfur contacts were identified as well. These scientific findings provide a unique basis for elucidating the role of halogen bonding in biological systems.
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Modern technologies have made genome sequencing accessible, and biomedical scientists have profiled genomic variation in apparently healthy individuals and individuals diagnosed with a variety of diseases. This work has led to the discovery of thousands of disease- associated genes and genetic variants, elucidating a more robust picture of the amount and types of variations found within and between humans. Proteins are encoded in genomic DNA by exons, and these comprise only ∼1% of the human genomic sequence (aka the exome). The exome of an individual carries about 6,000–10,000 amino-acid-altering nSNVs, and many of these variants are already known to be associated with more than 1000 diseases.
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The German scientists Schleiden, Virchow and Bütschli were among the first scientists who recognized the structures now familiar as chromosomes. In a series of experiments beginning in the mid-1880s, Theodor Boveri gave definitive contributions to elucidating that chromosomes are the vectors of heredity, with two notions that became known as ‘chromosome continuity’ and ‘chromosome individuality’. Wilhelm Roux suggested that each chromosome carries a different genetic configuration, and Boveri was able to test and confirm this hypothesis. Aided by the rediscovery at the start of the 1900s of Gregor Mendel's earlier work, Boveri was able to point out the connection between the rules of inheritance and the behaviour of the chromosomes.
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Recently, the Ciulli group developed a new bump-and-hole pair consisting of BET mutants with a Leu to Val mutation in a BD and the bumped small-molecule inhibitor 9-ME-1. This bumped inhibitor was found to have an IC50 of 200nM and over 100-fold specificity for the L/V BET mutant BD over wild type BDs. This bump-and-hole pair allowed selective inhibition of specific BDs in specific BET proteins, elucidating their role in human cells. It was found that while BD1 is important for chromatin localization of BET proteins, BD2 regulates gene expression by binding and recruiting non-histone acetylated proteins, such as transcription factors.
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The chronology of the Kings was more difficult, as there were differences to reconcile between the book of Kings and book of Chronicles. Here especially the author applied the principle of "fragments of years" ("shanim mekutta'ot"), by which he regarded the remainder of the last year of any king's reign as identical with the first year of his successor's. In chapter 20, which closes the second part ("Baba Meẓia"), the author deals with the forty-eight prophets that flourished in the land of Israel. Beginning with Joshua, the author reviews the whole prophetic period which terminated with Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, elucidating as he proceeds many obscure points.
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In other words, though artificial selection has shaped the genome of corn into a number of distinctly adapted cultivars, selective sweeps acting early in its development provide a unifying homoplasy of genetic sequence. In a sense, the long-buried sweeps may give evidence of corn's, and teosinte's, ancestral state by elucidating a common genetic background between the two. Another example of the role of selective sweeps in domestication comes from the chicken. A Swedish research group recently used parallel sequencing techniques to examine eight cultivated varieties of chicken and their closest wild ancestor with the goal of uncovering genetic similarities resultant from selective sweeps.
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In 1954 he began a long collaboration with Beatrice M. Sweeney, who was then at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, in elucidating the cellular and biochemical mechanisms of luminescence in the unicellular dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum (formerly known as Gonyaulax polyedra). A byproduct of this initial research was their discovery of circadian control of the luminescence. In 1957, Hastings next took a faculty position in the Biochemistry Division of the Chemistry Department at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign where he continued his focus on dinoflagellate and bacterial luminescence and dinoflagellate circadian rhythms. Hastings joined the faculty of Harvard University as Professor of Biology in 1966.
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Maharaja's College Faculty:Sitting row-left to right M.H.Krishna (third from left), A.R.Krishnasastry (fourth from left), S.Srikanta sastri (seventh from left), Rallapalli Anantha Krishna Sharma (eighth from left), Standing-bottom row-V. Seetharamaiah (fourth from left) and D.L.Narasimhachar (seventh from left) Sharma was appointed a Telugu Pundit (a scholar) by Sir Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy, Principal of the Maharaja College of Mysore in 1912 and worked until 1949.(group photo) After which he joined the Sri Venkateshwara Oriental Research Centre, Tirupathi. The then executive officer of Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams, Chelikani Anna Rao entrusted Sharma with elucidating the compositions of the great songwriter-singer-saint Tallapaka Annamacharya.
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David Sylvester (ed.) & Sarah Whitfield, op. cit., p. 256. Magritte’s idiosyncratic form of Surrealism emerged in the middle of the 1920s, following a short flirtation with Cubist and Futurist art. The Surrealist techniques and mechanisms espoused by André Breton and his followers were primarily concerned with elucidating dream-like imagery and manifesting the sub-conscious. Magritte's approach eschewed these notions; his art would be wholly rational, and informed by ‘lines of research’, which Paul Nougé categorised as ‘isolation of an object by the frame or some other means; more or less apparent distortion; modification of the substance of the object; change of scale; change of décor’.
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Boaden's attempts at novel-writing were esteemed "ingenious performances" in their day. The Man of Two Lives is the title of one, and the Doom of Giallo, or the Vision of Judgment, 1835, 2 vols, of the other. In 1824 appeared An Inquiry into the Authenticity of the various Pictures and Prints of Shakespeare, and in 1837 a tract On the Sonnets of Shakespeare, identifying the person to whom they are addressed, and elucidating several points in the Poet's History. The writer maintains that the Mr. W. H. to whom the sonnets were dedicated was William Herbert, a view adopted also by later scholars.
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One of the main focuses of Esber's work has been the Palestinian accounts of their evacuation from their homes on the cusp of the Partition of Palestine which they refer to as the Nakba, or catastrophe. She is recognized for her book, Under the Cover of War: The Zionist Expulsion of the Palestinians. Of the book, Nur Masalha wrote, "Esber’s work both challenges and complements the archival historiography of 1948." Mustafa Kabha of Open University in Israel wrote in the International Journal of Middle East Studies, "Esber contributes significantly in further elucidating the Palestinian narrative of 1948" while still applying critical analysis to it.
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An illustrator is an artist who specializes in enhancing writing or elucidating concepts by providing a visual representation that corresponds to the content of the associated text or idea. The illustration may be intended to clarify complicated concepts or objects that are difficult to describe textually, which is the reason illustrations are often found in children's books. Illustration is the art of making images that work with something and add to it without needing direct attention and without distracting from what they illustrate. The other thing is the focus of the attention, and the illustration's role is to add personality and character without competing with that other thing.
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For the first five or six years after its establishment the HBEF was used for research in forestry but soon its value for study of the forest ecosystem was recognized and it attracted the interest of researchers from major universities. The work at Hubbard Brook has led researchers there and elsewhere to try to model or better understand the complex forest ecosystem, including its interaction with humans. HBEF research teams have succeeded in elucidating a number of vexing environmental problems, most notably the harmful effects of acid rain. The forest preservation the research promotes helps to protect watershed chemistry, ambient humidity, seasonal temperature fluctuations, and wildlife habitats.
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New York: Humanities Press, 1969. p. 3. Austin pointed out that we use language to do things as well as to assert things, and that the utterance of a statement like "I promise to do so-and-so" is best understood as doing something — making a promise — rather than making an assertion about anything. Hence the name of one of his best-known works How to Do Things with Words. Austin, in providing his theory of speech acts, makes a significant challenge to the philosophy of language, far beyond merely elucidating a class of morphological sentence forms that function to do what they name.
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He was the first to fully clone the focal adhesion protein paxillin (human and chicken) and demonstrate its role in oncogenic transformation. As an independent clinician- scientist, Salgia's major research interests include elucidating how the receptor tyrosine kinases affect cell growth, and understanding tumor heterogeneity, including the role of cell-signaling pathways, mitochondria, immunology, and mathematical modeling Salgia was born in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. He earned his undergraduate degree summa cum laude in mathematics, biology, and chemistry, minor in physics and then his medical degree and Ph.D. in biochemistry and biophysics from Loyola University of Chicago. There he also completed a fellowship in neurochemistry and physiology.
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He has focused his research on the evolution of two of such biological systems: cancer and infectious diseases. In particular, he has been working in the identification of driver mechanisms of evolutionary processes, characterize key process dynamics and elucidate epistasic interactions. Rabadan is interested in understanding the evolution of infectious agents through the analysis of their genome, in particular RNA viruses like influenza and coronaviruses. His work in this area includes elucidating the origin of the influenza A virus subtype H1N1.Trifonov, V., Khiabanian, H., Greenbaum, B. & Rabadan, R. The origin of the recent swine influenza A(H1N1) virus infecting humans. Euro Surveill 14 (2009).
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The new sequencer offered significant advantages in speed and sample size compared to commercial sequencers of the time, the most popular of which were built by Beckman Instruments. Commercialized as the Model 470A protein sequencer, it allowed scientists to determine partial amino acid sequences of proteins that had not previously been accessible, characterizing new proteins and better understanding their activity, function, and effects in therapeutics. These discoveries had significant ramifications in biology, medicine, and pharmacology. The first automated DNA synthesizer resulted from a collaboration with Marvin H. Caruthers of the University of Colorado Boulder, and was based on Caruthers' work elucidating the chemistry of phosphoramidite oligonucleotide synthesis.
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Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms used to govern essential cellular processes is one of the most intensely studied branches of science. Cellular regulatory networks can be incredibly complex, and often involve the coordination of multiple processes that begin with the modulation of gene expression. The binding of transcription factor molecules to DNA, either alone or in combination with other transcription factors, is used to control gene expression in response to both intra- and extracellular stimuli. Characterizing the binding mechanisms and specificities of transcription factors to specific regions of DNA – and identifying these transcription factors – is a fundamental component of the process of resolving cellular regulatory dynamics.
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One usually does this by adjusting the orbitals in the new basis to the old ones by least squares method. As only valence electron wavefunctions are found by this method, one must fill the core electron functions by orthonormalizing the rest of the basis set with the calculated orbitals and then selecting the ones with less energy. This leads to the determination of more accurate structures and electronic properties, or in the case of ab initio methods, to somewhat faster convergence. The method was first used by Roald Hoffmann who developed, with Robert Burns Woodward, rules for elucidating reaction mechanisms (the Woodward–Hoffmann rules).
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Thomas Hunt Morgan (September 25, 1866 – December 4, 1945) was an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist, embryologist, and science author who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries elucidating the role that the chromosome plays in heredity. Morgan received his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in zoology in 1890 and researched embryology during his tenure at Bryn Mawr. Following the rediscovery of Mendelian inheritance in 1900, Morgan began to study the genetic characteristics of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. In his famous Fly Room at Columbia University, Morgan demonstrated that genes are carried on chromosomes and are the mechanical basis of heredity.
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Elucidating complex signaling pathway phosphorylation events can be difficult. In cellular signaling pathways, protein A phosphorylates protein B, and B phosphorylates C. However, in another signaling pathway, protein D phosphorylates A, or phosphorylates protein C. Global approaches such as phosphoproteomics, the study of phosphorylated proteins, which is a sub-branch of proteomics, combined with mass spectrometry-based proteomics, have been utilised to identify and quantify dynamic changes in phosphorylated proteins over time. These techniques are becoming increasingly important for the systematic analysis of complex phosphorylation networks. They have been successfully used to identify dynamic changes in the phosphorylation status of more than 6000 sites after stimulation with epidermal growth factor.
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Kivelson has had a very successful career as a scientist that include many publications and original work. Some of her accomplishments are discovering an internal magnetic field at Ganymede, providing compelling evidence for a sub-surface ocean at Europa, and elucidating some of the processes explaining the behavior of ultralow frequency waves in the terrestrial magnetosphere, the discovery of cavity mode oscillations in the magnetosphere, developed new ways of describing wave-particle interactions in magnetohydrodynamic waves, and provided insight into the mechanism of interchange diffusion in rotating plasmas. This research has led Kivelson to being an author or co-author on over 350 publications that have accumulated over 12,000 citations.
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In 1911, the first Solvay Conference was held in Brussels, bringing together most of the most prominent scientists of the day. In 1912, William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg proposed Bragg's law and established the field of X-ray crystallography, an important tool for elucidating the crystal structure of substances. In 1912, Peter Debye develops the concept of molecular dipole to describe asymmetric charge distribution in some molecules. In 1913, Niels Bohr, a Danish physicist, introduced the concepts of quantum mechanics to atomic structure by proposing what is now known as the Bohr model of the atom, where electrons exist only in strictly defined circular orbits around the nucleus similar to rungs on a ladder.
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One study, supported by the MRC, was into the metabolism of TNT, which revealed the formation of the hydroxylamine derivative, 2,6-dinitro-4-hydroxylaminotoluene, a highly toxic substance, which probably accounted for the toxicity of TNT itself. In January 1949, aged 39, Tecwyn Williams took up a new appointment, as the first Chair of Biochemistry at St Mary's Hospital Medical School. During this phase of his career he visited the National Institutes of Health as a Visiting Scientist, where he became interested in spectrophotofluorimetry and the work of Robert Bowman. He returned with a spectrophotofluorimeter, for several years the only one in the UK, and used it for elucidating the relation between chemical structure and fluorescence.
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A representation of a 3-D structure of the fluoride riboswitch bound to a fluoride ion (purple sphere) directed by Mg2+ ions (three orange spheres in the center). The discovery of the fluoride riboswitch was surprising as both fluoride ions and the crcB RNA phosphate groups are negatively charged and should not be able to bind to one another. Previous research came across this question in elucidating the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) riboswitch. The TPP riboswitch structure showed the assistance of two hydrated Mg2+ ions that help stabilize the connection between the phosphates of TPP and guanine bases of the RNA. This guiding research help characterize the fluoride riboswitch’s own interactions with fluoride and its structure.
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Virophysics has large overlaps with other fields. For example, the modelling of infectious disease dynamics is a popular research topic in mathematics, notably in applied mathematics or mathematical biology. While most modelling efforts in mathematics have focused on elucidating the dynamics of spread of infectious diseases at an epidemiological scale (person- to-person), there is also important work being done at the cellular scale (cell-to-cell). Virophysics focuses almost exclusively on the single-cell or multi-cellular scale, utilizing physical models to resolve the temporal and spatial dynamics of viral infection spread within a cell culture (in vitro), an organ (ex vivo or in vivo) or an entire host (in vivo).
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Olsen's transition from the mainly research-oriented environments of museums and the Florida Geological Survey to a broader spectrum academic career is especially noteworthy because he accomplished that feat holding only a high school diploma. Olsen joined the Florida State faculty as a tenured associate professor and was promoted to Full Professor in 1972. In 1973, Olsen accepted the concurrent positions of Professor of Anthropology at the University of Arizona and Curator of Zooarchaeology in the Arizona State Museum in Tucson, which he held until his retirement in 1997. While in Arizona, Olsen focused his work on elucidating evidence for the domestication of a number of vertebrate species, especially the dog, camel, and yak.
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Additionally, Seurat used then new pigment zinc yellow (zinc chromate), predominantly for yellow highlights in the sunlit grass in the middle of the painting but also in mixtures with orange and blue pigments. In the century and more since the painting's completion, the zinc yellow has darkened to brown—a color degeneration that was already showing in the painting in Seurat's lifetime.. The discoloration of the originally bright yellow zinc yellow (zinc chromate) to brownish color is due to the chemical reaction of the chromate ions to orange-colored dichromate ions.Casadio, F., I. Fiedler, K. A. Gray, and R. Warta. Deterioration of zinc potassium chromate pigments: elucidating the effects of paint composition and environmental conditions on chromatic alteration.
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One of the world's premier researchers in Drosophila (fruit fly) genetics, Dr. Bellen's group has made major contributions to our understanding of nervous system development, synaptic transmission and mechanisms of neurodegeneration. As the head of the Drosophila Gene Disruption Project, his laboratory has developed numerous sophisticated genetic tools and generated tens of thousands of reagents that have transformed Drosophila biology. Dr. Bellen's current research focuses on the discovery of new human disease genes and elucidating pathogenic mechanisms of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases using fruit flies in collaborations with human geneticists worldwide. His lab is the home of the Model Organisms Screening Center for the Undiagnosed Diseases Network of the National Institutes of Health.
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In order to make a protein, genetic information in DNA is copied (transcribed) into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus and then exported into the cytoplasm, where it is translated into a protein. Much of Izaurralde's early career focused on elucidating how this export occurs at a molecular level. Later in her career, Izaurralde shifted her focus to a different aspect of RNA biology: RNA metabolism - particularly how mRNA molecules are selectively silenced. Her research in this area included studying mRNA silencing, in which microRNA (miRNA) molecules with sequences complementary to sites in the mRNA direct silencing machinery to the mRNA, as well as more general mRNA decay and transcriptional repression mechanisms, and how these processes are interconnected.
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Beginning with his Ph.D. dissertation under the direction of Professor Muhsin Mahdi (d. 2007) in the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures at Harvard (NELC), he focused his research and publications on elucidating the rationalist principle in Iranian Illuminationist philosophy and its founder, Shihab al-Din Yahya Suhravardi (1154-1191) otherwise known as Sheikh al-Ishraq (Master of Illumination). In December 2010, Ziai was elected President of Société Internationale d'Histoire des Sciences et de la Philosophie Arabes et Islamiques (SIHSPAI), an international academic society for the study of Persian and Arabic Islamic philosophical and scientific heritages. Outside his academic career he also had an interest in art, producing oil paintings, pen and ink drawings, calligraphy and watercolors.
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Stubbe pioneered the use of spectroscopic investigations of enzyme interactions and has devoted most of her career to elucidating the biochemical mechanisms behind free radicals. In her early work at Yale and then at the University of Wisconsin, Stubbe discovered how enzymes called ribonucleotide reductases use free-radical chemistry to convert nucleotides into deoxynucleotides, an essential process in DNA repair and replication. These enzymes catalyze the rate-determining step in DNA biosynthesis. Her analysis of the nucleotide reduction process shed light on the mechanism of action of the Eli Lilly & Co. anti-cancer drug gemcitabine, which is used to treat various carcinomas, such as pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer.
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On 15 September 1917, shortly after promulgating the 1917 code, Benedict XV promulgated the motu proprio Cum Iuris Canonici, which forbade the Roman Congregations from issuing new general decrees unless it was necessary to do so, and then only after consulting the Pontifical Commission charged with amending the code. The congregations were instead to issue Instructions on the canons of the code, and to make it clear that they were elucidating particular canons of the code.Pope Benedict XV, motu proprio Cum Iuris Canonici of 15 September 1917, §§II-III (Edward N. Peters, 1917 Code, pg. 26) This was done so as not to make the code obsolete soon after it was promulgated.
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Becoming examines the photographs taken by Clementina Maude, Viscountess Hawarden of her daughters, and reads them for sensual and erotic content. Susan Freeman, writing for the Journal of Women's History, summarized the book as "a theoretical and provocative examination of female photographers and their subjects, mother-daughter relationships, pleasure, and same-sex sexuality". The Village Voice praised Mavor's "real flair for evoking and elucidating individual images" but criticized her "tendency to fall into erotic flights of fancy", ultimately concluding that "Mavor's analytic foibles far outweigh her strengths". The Times Literary Supplement also found fault with Mavor's "single-minded" interpretations, and noted that the book "shows no interest in how Hawarden herself might have viewed her photography".
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The women's route into the sex trade, as described by the lists, is usually ascribed to youthful innocence, with tales of young girls leaving their homes for the promises of men, only to be abandoned once in London. Some entries mention rape, euphemistically described as women being "seduced against their will". Lenora Norton was apparently "seduced" in such fashion, her entry elucidating on her experience, which occurred while she was still a child. The "old urban legend" of young girls being apprehended from the crowd by devious bawds is illustrated by William Hogarth's A Harlot's Progress, but although in reality such stories were not unheard of, women entered into prostitution for a variety of reasons, often mundane.
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The earliest predecessor of the State Archives was the North Carolina Historical Commission, founded in 1903 by the General Assembly in response to a request by the State Literary and Historical Association. North Carolina's Historical Commission was the third state historical agency founded in the U.S., following the 1901 founding of the Alabama Department of Archives and History and the 1902 founding of the Mississippi Department of Archives and History. Originally composed of five gubernatorial appointees and given an annual budget of $500, the Historical Commission was asked to "collect, edit and publish valuable documents elucidating the history of the State." It gained its first secretary R. D. W. Connor in 1907.
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Syaf was also angrily denounced by Marvel writer G. Willow Wilson, a Muslim herself, who wrote an essay elucidating the verse and warning of the danger of the conservative Indonesian interpretation of it. The Easter eggs also drew negative reaction from Syaf's fellow Indonesian comics creators. The perceived inappropriateness of these messages stemmed in part from the fact X-Men storylines have traditionally served as allegories warning of the dangers of bigotry since their creation in 1963 by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby (both of whom were Jewish themselves), with the characters themselves (including the Jewish Kitty Pryde and Catholic Nightcrawler, a former priest) serving as stand-ins for oppressed minority groups.Ching, Albert (April 9, 2017).
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Cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation (CTLA4, PD1) Honjo has established the basic conceptual framework of class switch recombination. He presented a model explaining antibody gene rearrangement in class switch and, between 1980 and 1982, verified its validity by elucidating its DNA structure. He succeeded in cDNA clonings of IL-4 and IL-5 cytokines involved in class switching and IL-2 receptor alpha chain in 1986, and went on further to discover AID in 2000, demonstrating its importance in class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation. In 1992, Honjo first identified PD-1 as an inducible gene on activated T-lymphocytes, and this discovery significantly contributed to the establishment of cancer immunotherapy principle by PD-1 blockade.
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The Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) is a public-private-partnership focusing on elucidating the functions and disease relevance of all proteins encoded by the human genome, with an emphasis on those that are relatively understudied. The SGC places all its research output into the public domain without restriction and does not file for patents and continues to promote open science. Founded in 2003, and modelled after the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Database (dbSNP) Consortium, the SGC is a charitable company whose Members comprise organizations that contribute over $5,4M Euros to the SGC over a five-year period. The Board has one representative from each Member and an independent Chair, who serves one 5-year term.
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Systems approach is a method used to study myogenesis, which manipulates a number of different techniques like high-throughput screening technologies, genome wide cell-based assays, and bioinformatics, to identify different factors of a system. This has been specifically used in the investigation of skeletal muscle development and the identification of its regulatory network. Systems approach using high- throughput sequencing and ChIP-chip analysis has been essential in elucidating the targets of myogenic regulatory factors like MyoD and myogenin, their inter-related targets, and how MyoD acts to alter the epigenome in myoblasts and myotubes. This has also revealed the significance of PAX3 in myogenesis, and that it ensures the survival of myogenic progenitors.
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Indeed, heroes are few, or non-existent. Acts of bravado usually tempt swift retribution from forces outside the control of the characters, force which is wielded with such offhand irony by the author that one eventually becomes inured to their pain, and able to predict to some extent when one has gotten above themself and about to fall. But it is this spite in the face of the inevitable, strength of conviction, courage, and blindness to consequence that Herbert apparently admires most—even the stupidest and most vain are given equal respect having served their role in elucidating the beautiful interweave of the pattern whose surface is all that is discovered by most other authors.
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His fundamental research on insulin signaling led to the discovery of the endosomal system and the view that this is a central site for both initiating and regulating signal transduction. In the late 1980s, he discovered the peroxovanadium compounds as potent insulin mimetics; and in elucidating their mechanism of action, he defined the key role of phosphotyrosine phosphatases in regulating receptor tyrosine kinases. His group went on to define the role of lipid rafts as sites of intense signaling at both the cell surface and within endosomes. More recently Posner's diabetes research focused on the genes responsible for diabetes, the discovery of which will aid in the prediction and treatment of this disease.
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Using a combination Golgi and hematoxylin staining method, Magini was able to identify these varicosities as cells, some of which were very closely associated with the radial fibers. Additional early works that were important in elucidating the identity and function of radial glia, were completed by Ramón y Cajal, who first suggested that the radial cells were a type of glia through their similarities to astrocytes; and Wilhelm His, who also proposed the idea that growing axons may use radial cells for orientation and guidance during development. Despite the initial period of interest in radial glia, little additional information was learned about these cells until the electron microscope and immunohistochemistry became available some 60 years later.
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The widespread use of the term "biomarker" dates back to as early as 1980. The manner in which the environment was monitored and studied near the end of the 1980s was still mainly reliant on the study of chemical substances that were considered dangerous or toxic when found in moderate concentrations in water, sediments, and aquatic organisms. The methods used to identify these chemical compounds were chromatography, spectrophotometry, electrochemistry, and radiochemistry. Although these methods were successful in elucidating the chemical makeup and concentrations present in the environment of the contaminants and the compounds in question, the tests did not provide data that was informative on the impact of a certain pollutant or chemical on a living organism or ecosystem.
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The first one was awarded in 1901 to the German physiologist Emil von Behring, for his work on serum therapy and the development of a vaccine against diphtheria. The first woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Gerty Cori, received it in 1947 for her role in elucidating the metabolism of glucose, important in many aspects of medicine, including treatment of diabetes. The prize consists of a medal along with a diploma and a certificate for the monetary award. The front side of the medal displays the same profile of Alfred Nobel depicted on the medals for Physics, Chemistry, and Literature; the reverse side is unique to this medal.
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After five years in industry, however, Brugge chose to return to the academic world in order to place a bigger focus on her own research. She took a position as a Professor in the Department of Cell Biology at Harvard Medical School in 1997, and served as the Chair of the department from 2003 to 2014. Brugge has redirected her most recent research efforts because, in her own words, "we were kind of lured into areas that were pretty far from cancer, so I really wanted to go back to cancer." Her lab focuses on elucidating the cellular processes and signaling pathways that are involved in the initiation and progression of epithelial tumors, primarily of the breast and ovary.
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Dr Ashok Aklujkar, the author of Sanskrit: an Easy Introduction to an Enchanting Language, received his M.A. degree in Sanskrit and Pali from the University of Poona and his Ph.D. degree in Sanskrit and Indian Studies from Harvard University. He taught courses in Sanskrit language and in the related mythological and philosophical literatures (occasionally also in Indian belles lettres in general) at the University of British Columbia between 1969 and 2001. His published research is mostly in the areas of Sanskrit linguistic tradition and poetics. For the last several years he is engaged in the ambitious project of preparing critical editions of the works of Bhartṛhari, a grammarian-philosopher, and of the commentaries elucidating those works.
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The LHC continues to probe for the presence of supersymmetry, the leading candidate model for new physics beyond the Standard Model. Around the same time Kane and Leveille performed the first calculation of the Feynman rules for gluinos, and of the production of gluinos at colliders, which turns out to be one of the most important ways to discover supersymmetry at the LHC. Gordon Kane is also well known for his work with Howard Haber, putting together and elucidating the structure of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) into a complete and calculable context in 1984. Their seminal article published in 1985 remains one of the single most important references on supersymmetry and the MSSM.
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Jeff Dangl is the recipient of the 2009 Award from the International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions (IS- MPMI). The Board of Directors of the IS-MPMI noted that Dangl’s “seminal work in understanding the molecular basis of plant-pathogen interactions has made innumerable and invaluable contributions in elucidating the innate immune response in plants”. In 2009, Dangl received the Stephen Hales Prize from the American Society of Plant Biologists. He is a member of the editorial board of eight leading journals in genetics, genomics, and cell biology, he has served on several scientific advisory boards for companies, and he served administrative roles in several national and international societies relating to plant biology research.
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The Centre for High Energy Physics, commonly referred to as CHEP, is a federally funded national research institute and a national laboratory site managed by the University of Punjab for the Ministry of Energy (MoE) of the Federal government of Pakistan. CHEP is dedicated towards the scientific advancement and understanding of High energy physics (or particle physics)— a branch of fundamental physics that is concerned with unraveling the ultimate constituents of matter and with elucidating the forces between them. The site was established in 1982 with efforts by Punjab University with federal funding to support research activities in quantum sciences that started in 1968, and later engaged in the supercomputing that started in 2004.
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Later, working in Rostock, Igor V. Komarov changed the direction of his research and got interested in homogenous asymmetric catalysis. The study of catalysis was carried out using model compounds: functionalized camphor- and tartaric acid-derived chiral ligands were synthesized such as monophosphines, diphosphines, and then Rhodium(I) complexes with them. The complexes were used for asymmetric homogenous hydrogenation of prochiral substrates, and the obtained results allowed elucidating the effects of oxo- and oxy-functional groups in ligands on efficiency and selectivity of the catalysts. These works led to introduction of efficient catalysts to synthetic practice, like catASium, some of them bearing a camphor-derived ligand ROCKYPhos (named after the cities ROstok and KYiv).
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Mechanized weapon systems and explosive devices that can lead to severe casualty but is controlled by someone at a distance pressing one button are suited examples elucidating such depersonalized action. Even there exists a high level personal responsibility in people, they will still execute detrimental behaviours when the harm they inflict on their victims are not realized. Individuals try to cut off the connections between harmful activities and self-sanctions by distorting the consequences associated with a given act. For instance, "use of this mechanism in sport is seen when players avoid finding out the extent of injuries sustained by opponents or deny the seriousness of the injuries of which they are aware".
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Dr. Harmohinder Singh Gill (April 7, 1933 – August 31, 2008) was an American and Indian scientist, and served 35 years as a renowned plant pathologist and nematologist for the Riverside County Agricultural Commissioner's Office in the state of California under the direction of Robert M. Howie. George A. Zentmyer, professor and chairman in the plant pathology department at the University of California, Riverside, arranged for Gill to be appointed adjunct professor, with his own laboratory at the campus from 1968 to the early 1980s. Working with Zentmyer, Gill continued his work on elucidating the genus phytophthora by disc electrophoresis and serological techniques,Identification of Phytophthora by disc electrophoresis. (1977). Gill H.S. & G.A. Zentmeyer. Phytophathology Vol 68. p.163-167.
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Pronunciation glosses are indicated with fanqie, using Xuanzang's phonologically sophisticated fanqie transcription system (Buswell and Lopez 2013: 1030). While Xuanying does not mention the (601) Qieyun rime dictionary, which uses different fanqie character "spellings" from the Yiqiejing yinyi, the similarity between the phonological systems of the two works indicates that they were based on the same Chinese dialect (Malmqvist 2010: 159). Xuanying's Yiqiejing yinyi made more detailed and specific semantic explanations than earlier dictionaries, "no judgements would be given before rigorous textual research had been carried out and meticulous comments added" (Yong and Peng 2008: 170). For elucidating word meanings, Xuanying quotes from more than 112 works in Chinese literature (Guang 2012: 235).
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It is also known as buddha-nature or > numinous awakening 靈覺 ... If you wish to see the Way of the Buddhas, you > must awaken to this mind. Therefore, the generations of patriarchs in this > lineage transmit only this. If there is a sympathetic resonance and > reciprocal tallying [between master and disciple] 感應相契, then although a > single flame may be transmitted to a hundred thousand lamps, there will be > no difference between them. (2002: 131-132) Although the Chinese word ganying 感應 was not employed in translating any specific Sanskrit term, it frequently occurs in Chinese Buddhist discussions elucidating the workings of ritual invocation and "jiachi" 加持 "empowerment; assistance" (adhiṣṭhāna).
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"Choice Magazine, March 2001; Israel Studies Bulletin 13:2 (Spring 2001) Baksheesh Diplomacy: Secret Negotiations Between American Jewish Leaders and Arab Officials on the Eve of World War II, was published by Rowman & Littlefield in 2001. Conservative Judaism's reviewer called it: > "a splendid exemplar of scholarship ... equally suitable for academicians > and the general public ... Medoff deserves praise for elucidating with great > charm and authenticity the doomed efforts of an important segment of > American Jewry to rescue persecuted European Jews and avert Arab-Israel > conflict.Baila Round Shargel, Conservative Judaism, Fall 2001. His next book Militant Zionism in America: The Rise and Impact of the Jabotinsky Movement in the United States, 1926–1948, published by the University of Alabama Press in 2002.
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Biologically-formed minerals often have special uses such as magnetic sensors in magnetotactic bacteria (Fe3O4), gravity sensing devices (CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4) and iron storage and mobilization (Fe2O3•H2O in the protein ferritin). In terms of taxonomic distribution, the most common biominerals are the phosphate and carbonate salts of calcium that are used in conjunction with organic polymers such as collagen and chitin to give structural support to bones and shells. The structures of these biocomposite materials are highly controlled from the nanometer to the macroscopic level, resulting in complex architectures that provide multifunctional properties. Because this range of control over mineral growth is desirable for materials engineering applications, there is significant interest in understanding and elucidating the mechanisms of biologically controlled biomineralization.
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Instead, single nucleotide polymorphisms and other variants of low penetrance account for most of the genetically determined risk. Ongoing research in the de la Chapelle lab aims at elucidating the functional aspects of the detected genes or variants. Ultimately, when up and downstream pathways are established, this information will inform research attempting to create drugs to treat TC. Moreover, the low-penetrance variants’ effects are additive, allowing the extent of genetic risk of TC to be predicted in individuals under study for TC. The de la Chapelle lab belongs to a large and active Thyroid Cancer Program at The Ohio State University. The clinical arm of the group is essential in providing crucial material for the laboratory experiments at hand.
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Beside his main research stream, he worked collaboratively as a visiting scientist with many famous scientists from different parts of the world: He was very lucky to be involved in research with a very active research group at London University led by both Dr. R.H.A. Coutts and Prof. R.K.S. Wood (FRS), Virology laboratory, Imperial College of Science. The work was centred on elucidating the molecular basis of gene expression in terms of protein synthesis and enzyme activities in plant tissues exposed to biotic (necrosis-eliciting viruses or fungal infections) or abiotic stresses. He was also privileged by working as a visiting scientist in 1981, with Dr. R.H.A. Coutts on the replication and gene expression of single stranded DNA viruses (Geminiviruses) in protoplasts.
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In a subsequent paper the simultaneous, segregated storage of two different chromophores in the different micelle domains was demonstrated, offering potential for use in chemical delivery in fields such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and foodstuffs. Polymers in Ionic Liquids: Lodge's recent work has focused on the self-assembly of block copolymers in ionic liquids. Ionic liquids are considered by many to be “green” solvents due to their vanishing vapor pressure, fire resistance, as well as their excellent chemical and thermal stability over wide temperature ranges. Besides elucidating the assembly properties of block copolymers in ionic liquids, Lodge has used these materials to produce molecular shuttles, gas separation membranes, and ion gel gate dielectrics for use in polymer thin film transistors.
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Andrew Pickering in 2011 In elucidating some of the sociological factors prevailing in particle physics, Pickering also wrote a number of papers for journals and conferences. According to Pickering, theory and experiment come in packages, and traditions of experiment generate just the kind of data which will fuel further theorising, while traditions of theory generate new problems for further development. Pickering thus described two theoretical frameworks in particle physics: 'old physics' – which at the time of its death, was "still alive" – dominated high energy physics through the 1960s and into the early 1970s, and concerned itself with 'common [particle physics] phenomena'. 'New physics' refers to the theory and experiment 'package' concerned with rare phenomena, such as the search for quarks.
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One critic Russell Davies writes, "There are revealing thoughts in every chapter and they're particularly important for people trying to do business on the internet, because they shed light on some fundamental motivations and forces that we often miss or misconstrue,". Sorin Adam Matei of Purdue University, West Lafayette writes, "Despite shortcomings, Cognitive Surplus remains overall a very well-written and generally well-informed contribution to our discussion about the social effects of social media. The academic research that shapes some of its assumptions and conclusions is well translated in everyday language," Davies describes Shirky as "the best and most helpful writer about the internet and society there is." He praised the book for elucidating the power of new technology for business.
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This work is critical since patients often have to travel from far distances to seek specialized treatment for NCLs, so remote data and disease monitoring would greatly enhance the quality of care and treatment. After characterizing the disorder and exploring ways to track disease progress, Augustine has taken steps towards elucidating pharmacological compounds to better target disease causes and treat symptoms in NCL patients. Data shows that inflammation and autoimmunity are characteristic of NCLs, so Augustine tested mycophenolate on patients with NCL, an immunosuppressant, to first see how short term administration was tolerated. She found that immunosuppression through mycophenolate was well tolerated in patients and they are now moving on to long term clinical trials to test the efficacy in reducing NCL symptoms.
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Having reached the statutory retirement age of 55 in 1948, Ramanathan left the Indian Meteorological Department that year and joined the newly established Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Ahmadabad as its first Director. He established Dobson ozone spectrophotometer stations in India and expanded on his earlier researches into atmospheric ozone; among his major contributions to the field was elucidating the relationship of atmospheric ozone in connection to atmospheric circulation. During his time at the PRL, he and his students made important contributions to studies on the physics of the ionosphere. Under Ramanathan's directorship, the PRL also played an important role in building the early Indian space programme, notably through testing sounding rockets and helping to develop the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS).
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Although the function and hierarchical structure of these collagens may vary, they all shall the defining structural feature known as the triple helix, where three left handed polyproline II-type (PPII) helices assemble to form a right-handed supercoiled helical motif. Short synthetic peptides known as collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs) or collagen-like peptides (CLPs) have played a major role in elucidating the 3D structure of the collagen triple helix, its folding kinetics, and thermal stability as small triple helical models. CMPs, CLPs, and CHPs are all very similar in terms of their amino acid sequences but only when CMPs or CLPs are heated above their melting temperatures, do they exist in the dissociated, single-stranded state and can be considered as CHPs.
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In January 2007, Chiang announced that she and Li will both continue their music careers as solo artists. Since 2009, the Hong Kong singer/actor has been actively pursuing an acting career in the Mainland, with a recent television idol drama hit Zhang Xiao Wu De Chun Tian (张小五的春天). On 14 July 2010, Don released his much anticipated new Mandarin EP titled For My Dearest, in which Don has personally involved in much of the production of this new album, from selection of songs and style, to cover design and music video direction. This EP features five songs of single-word titles elucidating the different stages of a romantic relationship, infatuation, separation, reunion, and finally enlightenment.
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After his release from prison, Dostoyevsky became more concerned with elucidating psychological and philosophical themes, and his writing style moved away from the kind of "sentimental naturalism" found in Poor Folk and The Insulted and Injured. Despite having spent four years in prison in horrendous conditions, he wrote two humorous books: the novella Uncle's Dream and the novel The Village of Stepanchikovo. The House of the Dead is a semi-autobiographical memoir written while Dostoyevsky was in prison and includes religious themes. Characters from the three Abrahamic religions—Judaism, Islam, and Christianity– appear in it, and while the Jewish character Isay Fomich and characters affiliated with the Orthodox Church and the Old Believers are depicted negatively, the Muslims Nurra and Aley from Dagestan are depicted positively.
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Vainio's earliest publications dealt with phytogeography or elucidating and enumerating the local flora. Already in these early publications he demonstrated an attention to detail and thoroughness that would become characteristic of his later work. Although Vainio was an associate professor of botany at the University of Helsinki during the period 1880–1906, and despite his scientific success and the international recognition he gained through his research, he never obtained a permanent university position with this institution. This was a result, he claimed, of his intense Finnish nationalism and desire to promote the use of the Finnish language in academia during a time of language strife, when Latin dominated the scientific literature, and Swedish was the predominant language of administration and education.
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After a successful case in which he defended a stripper named Mysti, the Colorado Bar Association began scrutinizing his background. His rival and friend Alan Connor then betrayed him by sending the CBA an incriminating email, revealing that Jeff did not receive a bachelor's degree from Columbia University but, in fact, got one that was "less than legitimate" and "better than real" from the country of Colombia. He strikes a deal with the bar in order to prevent him from being disbarred, on the condition that he graduate from an existing college with an actual degree. While brainstorming the right college to attend, he ate at a frozen-yogurt restaurant and overheard a conversation elucidating the ease of graduation from Greendale Community College.
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The concentration of the inhaled gas and duration of exposure and water contents of the tissues exposed are the key determinants of toxicity; moist tissues like the eyes, throat, and lungs are the most susceptible to damage.CDC Basic Facts Page last reviewed April 10, 2013. Page last updated April 10, 2013 Once inhaled, chlorine gas diffuses into the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the respiratory epithelium and may directly interact with small molecules, proteins and lipids there and damage them, or may hydrolyze to hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid which in turn generate chloride ions and reactive oxygen species; the dominant theory is that most damage is via the acids.Squadrito GL, Postlethwait EM, Matalon S. Elucidating mechanisms of chlorine toxicity: reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, and physiological implications.
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The first works of Louis de Broglie (early 1920s) were performed in the laboratory of his older brother Maurice and dealt with the features of the photoelectric effect and the properties of x-rays. These publications examined the absorption of X-rays and described this phenomenon using the Bohr theory, applied quantum principles to the interpretation of photoelectron spectra, and gave a systematic classification of X-ray spectra. The studies of X-ray spectra were important for elucidating the structure of the internal electron shells of atoms (optical spectra are determined by the outer shells). Thus, the results of experiments conducted together with Alexandre Dauvillier, revealed the shortcomings of the existing schemes for the distribution of electrons in atoms; these difficulties were eliminated by Edmund Stoner.
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Evidence elucidating the role of impulsivity in pathological gambling is accumulating, with pathological gambling samples demonstrating greater response impulsivity, choice impulsivity, and reflection impulsivity than comparison control samples. Additionally, pathological gamblers tend to demonstrate greater response perseveration (compulsivity) and risky decision making in laboratory gambling tasks compared to controls, though there is no strong evidence suggesting that attention and working memory are impaired in pathological gamblers. These relations between impulsivity and pathological gambling are confirmed by brain function research: pathological gamblers demonstrate less activation in the frontal cortical regions (implicated in impulsivity) compared to controls during behavioral tasks tapping response impulsivity, compulsivity, and risk/reward. Preliminary, though variable, findings also suggest that striatal activation is different between gamblers and controls, and that neurotransmitter differences (e.g.
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The femur was found to contain both mtDNA and nuclear DNA. Improvements in DNA extraction and library preparation techniques allowed for mtDNA to be successfully isolated and sequenced, however the nuclear DNA was found to be too degraded in the observed specimen, and was also contaminated with DNA from an ancient cave bear (Ursus deningeri) present in the cave. The mtDNA analysis found a surprising link between the specimen and the Denisovans, and this finding raised many questions. Several scenarios were proposed in a January 2014 paper titled "A mitochondrial genome sequence of a hominin from Sima de los Huesos", elucidating the lack of convergence in the scientific community on how Homo heidelbergensis is related to other known hominin groups.
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Elisabeth Gantt (1994) For her pioneering work in elucidating the supramolecular structure of the light-harvesting complexes and energy transfer in the photosynthetic apparatus of red and blue-green algae. Jean-David Rochaix (1991) For his elegant, inventive studies in Chlamydomonas using genetics along with cell and molecular biology to explain molecular mechanisms of chloroplast biogenesis, photosynthesis, and nuclear-chloroplast interactions. Ruth Sager (1988) For her key role in the developing our understanding of genetic systems in organelles though her studies of chloroplast inheritance in the green alga Chlamydomonas Richard C. Starr (1985) For his important work, which explained the sexuality of desmids and green algae. This was the first time the details of meiosis had been set forth for these groups.
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Kim is a Professor and Director at the Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School. He has over 20 year experiences to investigate molecular neurobiology of midbrain dopamine neuronal system in health and disease, focusing on elucidating the genetic network of intrinsic signaling molecules and extrinsic transcription factors for development and maintenance of dopamine neurons. He is also investigating stem cell biology and has pioneered to generate human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by protein-based reprogramming methods and demonstrated that these protein-iPS cells can efficiently generate functional dopamine neurons. He is currently focused on translating his neuroscience and stem cell research to potential therapeutic development for brain disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and inflammatory diseases.
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It's a no- nonsense, colloquial approach to sleep difficulties that aims to change the narrative around sleep in order to make it more manageable." Kirkus Reviews wrote, ""The rare book that may help sufferers of poor sleep improve their quality of rest simply by elucidating the context of good sleep and offering the right techniques to achieve it.". Publishers Weekly wrote, ""As a neurologist specializing in sleep issues, Winter certainly has good credentials to back up his promise to readers that they’ll finish his book with a newfound sense of what it means to have healthy sleep.” In November of 2018, NY Magazine named the book one of the top 7 books for understanding sleep and the best book for insomnia.
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He also performed research in Cairo elucidating the epidemiology and public health impact of ticks parasitizing birds migrating to and from Europe, Asia and Africa through Egypt. After completing his doctorate, Kaiser returned to NAMRU-3 and worked on a number of public health projects during the following decade. In 1975, he retired from NAMRU-3 and took a position as Expert Consultant with the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, accepting a 4-year tour in Uganda investigating the ecology of cattle ticks and quantifying tick burdens on Zebu cattle. A follow-on assignment took him to Burundi for a 7-year tour continuing his studies of the ecology, population dynamics and control of ticks on Zebu cattle.
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They found the secretions of these inflammatory mediators were significantly elevated when collected from injured VF versus normal VF. This result was consistent with their previous study about the function of IL-1 and PGE-2 in wound healing. Investigation about the temporal and magnitude of inflammatory response in VFs may benefit for elucidating subsequent pathological events in vocal fold wounding, which is good for clinician to develop therapeutic targets to minimize scar formation. In the proliferative phase of VFs wound healing, if the production of HA and collagen is not balanced, which means the HA level is lower than normal, the fibrosis of collagen cannot be regulated. Consequently, regenerative-type wound healing turns to be the formation of scar.
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Thanks to a microfluidic chip allowing the isolation and amplification of the genome of a single cell, the genome of 3 long filament morphology cells with identical 16S rRNA were sequenced to create a draft sequence of the genome confirming some previously ascertained properties, elucidating some of its metabolic capabilities, revealing novel genes and hinting to potential pathogenic abilities. Over 50 different phylotypes have been identified and it has a relatively modest intradivision 16S rDNA sequence divergence of 17%, which ranges from 13 to 33%. An interactive phylogenetic tree of TM7, built using jsPhyloSVG, allows for quick access to GenBank sequences and distance matrix calculations between tree branches. Stable-isotope probing studies have found that some members of this phylum can degrade toluene.
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The former focuses on specific known marker genes and is primarily informative taxonomically, while the latter is an entire metagenomic approach which can also be used to study the functional potential of the community. One of the challenges that is present in human microbiome studies, but not in other metagenomic studies is to avoid including the host DNA in the study. Aside from simply elucidating the composition of the human microbiome, one of the major questions involving the human microbiome is whether there is a "core", that is, whether there is a subset of the community that is shared among most humans. If there is a core, then it would be possible to associate certain community compositions with disease states, which is one of the goals of the Human Microbiome Project.
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For the Old Testament, the translators used a text originating in the editions of the Hebrew Rabbinic Bible by Daniel Bomberg (1524/5), but adjusted this to conform to the Greek LXX or Latin Vulgate in passages to which Christian tradition had attached a Christological interpretation. For example, the Septuagint reading "They pierced my hands and my feet" was used in (vs. the Masoretes' reading of the Hebrew "like lions my hands and feet"The Jewish Publication Society Tanakh, copyright 1985). Otherwise, however, the Authorized Version is closer to the Hebrew tradition than any previous English translation—especially in making use of the rabbinic commentaries, such as Kimhi, in elucidating obscure passages in the Masoretic Text; earlier versions had been more likely to adopt LXX or Vulgate readings in such places.
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This work, more than any other, convinced organic chemists that the synthesis of any complex substance was possible, given enough time and planning (see also palytoxin, synthesized by the research group of Yoshito Kishi, one of Woodward's postdoctoral students). As of 2019, no other total synthesis of Vitamin B12 has been published. That same year, based on observations that Woodward had made during the B12 synthesis, he and Roald Hoffmann devised rules (now called the Woodward–Hoffmann rules) for elucidating the stereochemistry of the products of organic reactions. Woodward formulated his ideas (which were based on the symmetry properties of molecular orbitals) based on his experiences as a synthetic organic chemist; he asked Hoffman to perform theoretical calculations to verify these ideas, which were done using Hoffmann's Extended Hückel method.
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In 680, Fazang provides evidence that he was working with the Indian monk Divākara on translating Indian texts into Chinese. Between 688–689, Fazang was ordered by Empress Wu to build a high Avatamsaka-seat and bodhimanda of Eight Assemblies in Luoyang. Such was a convention for elucidating and promoting the Avatamsaka sutra, further establishing rapport between Fazang and Empress Wu, who would soon after establish her dynasty in 690. It is also worth mentioning that during this period, Fazang kept important correspondence with his disciple Uisang, not only displaying his immense affection for his disciple, but providing a rare glimpse into the friendship between a Buddhist monk and master. In the founding of Empress Wu’s dynasty in 690, Fazang continued his teaching of the Avatamsaka sutra, visiting his family, and debating with Daoist practitioners.
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The lifeworld can be thought of as the horizon of all our experiences, in the sense that it is that background on which all things appear as themselves and meaningful. The lifeworld cannot, however, be understood in a purely static manner; it isn't an unchangeable background, but rather a dynamic horizon in which we live, and which "lives with us" in the sense that nothing can appear in our lifeworld except as lived. The concept represented a turning point in Husserl's phenomenology from the tradition of Descartes and Kant. Up until then, Husserl had been focused on finding, elucidating, and explaining an absolute foundation of philosophy in consciousness, without any presuppositions except what can be found through the reflective analysis of consciousness and what is immediately present to it.
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Experimental methods were invented that allowed investigators to use large, diverse populations of RNA molecules to carry out in vitro molecular experiments that utilized powerful selective replication strategies used by geneticists, and which amount to evolution in the test tube. These experiments have been described using different names, the most common of which are "combinatorial selection", "in vitro selection", and SELEX (for Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment). These experiments have been used for isolating RNA molecules with a wide range of properties, from binding to particular proteins, to catalyzing particular reactions, to binding low molecular weight organic ligands. They have equal applicability to elucidating interactions and mechanisms that are known properties of naturally occurring RNA molecules to isolating RNA molecules with biochemical properties that are not known in nature.
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The two nations also maintain a visa free policy where Georgian and Israeli officials signed an agreement to lift visa requirements for Georgian citizens traveling to Israel, reciprocating Georgia's visa-free policy for Israelis in place since mid-2005. Georgia has its embassy in Tel Aviv, and the State of Israel has its embassy in Tbilisi. In June 2013, Georgian Prime Minister Bidzina Ivanishvili praised the Jewish people and Israel and has sought to increase relations between Israel and Georgia elucidating his special relationship between him, Georgia and the Jewish people. Ivanishvili also wanted to extend strategic partnerships and as well as furthering economic cooperation by making it easier for Israeli entrepreneurs and investors to not just do business in Israel, but also facilitate the right paths to do business for the Georgians.
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André Dieter Bandrauk (born 20 May 1941) is a Canadian chemist and distinguished academic who is a professor of Theoretical chemistry at the University of Sherbrooke in Montreal. Born in war-time Berlin, Bandrauk immigrated to Canada with his family in 1951 and has been with the University of Sherbrooke since 1971. Bandrauk was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after they were nominated by their Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics in 2007, for "pioneering theoretical contributions to elucidating intense laser interactions with molecules, including predictions of the existence of new molecules and of enhanced molecular ionization in intense laser fields, and of the usefulness of chirped pulses to control photochemical processes." He was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2012.
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Jan M. Rost is a German theoretical physicist and director at the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems in Dresden heading the research department Finite Systems. He was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after nomination by the Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics in 2007, for seminal investigations of correlated doubly excited states, threshold fragmentation in few-body Coulombic systems and small clusters, pendular states of linear molecules, and for elucidating the role of correlation and relaxation in ultracold plasmas and Rydberg gases. His research interests reach from ultracold to ultrafast dynamics in finite systems including Rydberg excitation and ionization. Former group leaders of his department are among others Andreas Buchleitner, Andreas Becker, Klaus Hornberger, Stefan Skupin, Nina Rohringer and Thomas Pohl.
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Andrei Derevianko is a Sara Louise Hartman Professor of Physics at the University of Nevada. He was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after he was nominated by their Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics in 2008, for elucidating the role of the Breit interaction in atomic parity non-conservation, demonstrating the importance of higher-order non-dipole corrections in low-energy photoionization, and for pioneering calculations of higher-order many-body corrections to atomic energies and matrix elements. Derevianko obtained his M.S. in physics and applied mathematics with summa cum laude honors, from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in Moscow, Russia in 1992. In 1996, he got his Ph.D. in physics from Auburn University where he also was a Graduate Research and Teaching Assistant since 1993.
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Stuart C. Sealfon, M.D., is an American neurologist who studies the mechanisms of both the therapeutic and adverse effects of drugs. He was an early adopter of the use of massively parallel qPCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization to characterize cell response state and his research accomplishments have included the identification of the primary structure of the gonadotropin- releasing hormone receptor, finding new signaling pathways activated by drugs for Parkinson's disease, elucidating the mechanism of action of hallucinogens and finding a new brain receptor complex implicated in schizophrenia as a novel target for antipsychotics. Sealfon is the Glickenhaus Professor and Chairman of the Department of Neurology at The Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City. Sealfon also serves as director of Mount Sinai's Center for Translational Systems Biology.
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Even in his student years he had gathered from widely various sources everything that might be helpful in elucidating the Rule of St. Benedict; the fruit of his labours he published in 1690 as Commentarius in regulam S. P. Benedicti litteralis, moralis, historicus ex variis antiquorum scriptorum commentationibus, actis sanctorum, monasticis ritibus aliisque monumentis cum editis tum manuscriptis concinnatus (Paris, 1690; 1695). During the same year he issued as a supplement to this: De antiquis monachorum ritibus libri 5 collecti ex variis ordinariis, consuetudinariis ritualibusque manuscriptis (Lyons, 1690; Venice, 1765). These were followed by other liturgical works. In 1708 Martène and his fellow Benedictine, Ursin Durand, were commissioned to ransack the archives of France and Belgium for materials for the forthcoming revised edition of the Gallia Christiana, proposed by the prior of Sainte-Marthe.
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Robert Cecil, The Myth of the Master Race: Alfred Rosenberg and Nazi Ideology p.199 On the very first page of Mein Kampf, Hitler openly declared his belief that "common blood belongs in a common Reich", elucidating the notion that the innate quality of race (as the Nazi movement perceived it) should hold precedence over "artificial" concepts such as national identity (including regional German identities such as Prussian and Bavarian) as the deciding factor for which people were "worthy" of being assimilated into a Greater German racial state (Ein Volk, Ein Reich, Ein Führer).Hitler 1927, p. 1. Part of the strategic methods which Hitler chose to ensure the present and future supremacy of the Aryan race (which was, according to Hitler, "gradually approaching extinction"Fest 1973, p.
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Uncle Vanya is unique among Chekhov's major plays because it is essentially an extensive reworking of his own play published a decade earlier, The Wood Demon. By elucidating the specific changes Chekhov made during the revision process—these include reducing the cast-list from almost two dozen down to nine, changing the climactic suicide of The Wood Demon into the famous failed homicide of Uncle Vanya, and altering the original happy ending into a more problematic, less final resolution—critics such as Donald Rayfield, Richard Gilman, and Eric Bentley have sought to chart the development of Chekhov's dramaturgical method through the 1890s. Rayfield cites recent scholarship suggesting Chekhov revised The Wood Demon during his trip to the island of Sakhalin, a prison colony in Eastern Russia, in 1891.
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This included the publishing an allegedly peer reviewed article generated by SCIgen (although this program has also successfully submitted papers to IEEE and Springer ), the resignation of multiple people at the administrative level, and soliciting article submissions from researchers in unrelated fields through spam. With regard to the peer review process of the research conducted by Jones in The Open Chemical Physics Journal, David Griscom identified himself as one of the reviewers. The paper which Jones co-authored referenced Griscom, and multiple scientists studying 9/11, in the acknowledgements for "elucidating discussions and encouragements". Almost four years prior to identifying himself as a reviewer and the welcome he received from Jones for speaking out boldly, Griscom published a letter in defense of evidence-based 9/11 studies; of which Jones was an editor.
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The off-axis GST is outfitted with three state-of-the-art spectro-polarimeters covering visible up to mid-infrared wavelengths. Since 2010, the GST has been in regular operation with high order adaptive optics (AO) corrected light feeding state-of-the-art Fabry-Perot, visible and near-IR light, spectro-polarimeters in which the GST was used in a series of high resolution observations elucidating unforeseen, significant solar dynamics. In 2016, the BBSO multi-conjugate AO (MCAO) project succeeded in making the first-ever MCAO-corrected observations of the Sun that showed a clearly/visibly widened (roughly trebled) corrected field of view compared to quasi-simultaneous observations with classical adaptive optics. The BBSO MCAO system, called Clear, is characterized by three deformable mirrors (DMs) conjugated to different altitudes above the GST.
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The novel Ašk-e šamʿ is a brilliant example of such disorder within Iranian community. After the pro-democracy movement of July 1999, she moved to the United States. She started working as a counselor at JVS, one of the Jewish Federation's agencies helping new immigrant and refugees. In the meantime, she continued her pro-democracy activism from the U.S. She has frequently undertaken trips to different cities and states within United States where she gave lectures, interviewed prominent human right activists and high ranked government members. Elhmam’s activities towards elucidating of maltreating of human rights in Iran, denial of Holocaust on behalf of Iranian leaderships and her struggle against antiemetic resentments among Iranian politicians caused harsh verbal attacks of several radical Iranian newspapers and state-financed broadcastings which identified her as Zionist and anti-revolutionary individual.
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PPX was discovered by the lab of Nobel laureate Arthur Kornberg in 1993 and is part of the polyphosphate operon along with polyphosphate kinase, the enzyme which synthesizes polyphosphate. The Kornberg lab was very interested in polyphosphate and published a series of papers elucidating the metabolism and roles of polyphosphate in vivo. Their interest in polyphosphate led them to identify and characterize the polyphosphate operon (which includes polyphosphate kinase [PPK] and PPX) and develop a wide variety of assays and techniques for quantification of polyphosphate production and degradation, in vitro and in vivo. The results of these studies of polyphosphate by the Kornberg lab led Kornberg to speculate that due to its high energy and phosphate content and the degree to which it is conserved across species, polyphosphate may have been the precursor to RNA, DNA, and proteins.
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" Stahr asks "Berg apparently wants us to view Wilson as Jesus, reviled and beaten by the Roman soldiers. Does he want us to think that Wilson was the divine Christ?" Jeff Shesol asks a similar question: "Berg's decision to endow each chapter with a biblical title and a passage of scripture raises the question of whether he sees Wilson as a Christ figure or merely as a man with a Christ complex ... " Martin Rubin writes in The Washington Times that Berg "succeeds magnificently in elucidating Woodrow Wilson the man," but "as I read on, I felt increasingly that the further Mr. Berg moved from Wilson himself into the wider world, the less satisfying his portrait." Stephen Loosley writes in The Australian " ... at times Berg's obvious affection for his subject causes him to be a little too generous.
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In addition, Südhof's research uncovered the role of many other proteins facilitating vesicle binding, fusion, and resultant neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic neuron, including members of the SNARE complex: synaptobrevin, in the vesicular membrane, syntaxin, in the cell membrane, and SNAP25, which is tethered to the cytosolic side of the cell membrane via cysteine-linked palmitoyl chains and holds the complex of four helices together. Südhof was also responsible for elucidating the action of tetanus and botulinum toxins, which selectively cleave synaptobrevin and SNAP25, respectively, inhibiting vesicle fusion with the presynaptic membrane. A second influential contribution of Thomas Südhof is on synapse formation and specifications. Südhof discovered a number of key molecules in this process such as neurexins, present on presynaptic neurons, and neuroligins, present on postsynaptic neurons, that come together to form a physical protein bridge across the synapse.
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U-47700, also known as pink heroin, pinky, and pink, is an opioid analgesic drug developed by a team at Upjohn in the 1970s which has around 7.5 times the potency of morphine in animal models. Physical Sample of U-47700 U-47700 is a structural isomer of the earlier opioid AH-7921 and the result of a great deal of work elucidating the quantitative structure–activity relationship of the scaffold. Upjohn looked for the key moieties which gave the greatest activity and posted over a dozen patents on related compounds, each optimizing one moiety until they discovered that U-47700 was the most active. U-47700 became the lead compound of selective kappa-opioid receptor ligands such as U-50488, U-51754 (containing a single methylene spacer difference) and U-69,593, which share very similar structures.
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Brown, Stewart J. and Nockles, Peter B., The Oxford Movement: Europe and the Wider World 1830–1930, Cambridge University Press, 2012 De Buck's opinion regarding the views of Pusey were closer to those of Newman than Cardinal Manning. A shared interest in the lives of the saints brought him in contact with Alexander Forbes, the learned Anglican bishop, with whom he corresponded at length. De Buck was also a friend of Bishop Félix Dupanloup.Chapman, Mark D., The Fantasy of Reunion: Anglicans, Catholics, and Ecumenism, 1833-1882, Oxford University Press, 2014 These relations were brought about by the reputation for deep learning, integrity, and scientific independence that de Buck's works had earned for him, by his readiness to oblige those who addressed questions to him, and by his earnestness and skill in elucidating the most difficult questions.
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What is peculiar to "summists" or "sententiaries", as the authors of these works are called, is the adoption of the method first suggested by Gerbert in his "De Rationali et Ratione Uti", and used by Abelard in his "Sic et Non", consisting in an exposition of contradictory views, the affirmative and negative. Progress towards the final form of the thirteenth- century "Summæ" is marked by the greater care which was taken, as time went on, to explain in a systematic manner the apparent contradiction among the conflicting opinions presented. Besides this method of exposition, the twelfth-century summists adopted dialectic definitely as a means of elucidating, not only philosophical, but also theological truth. Finally the summists adopted more or less unanimously a fixed division of the field of theology and philosophy, and adhered more or less closely to a definite order of topics.
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Of his own work as a scholar in elucidating and editing the remains of antiquity, the list of his writings given below is only a slight indication; nor was this confined to writing alone. In 1855, he had been offered by Lord Palmerston (acting on Liddell's advice) the regius professorship of Greek at Oxford, rendered vacant by Dean Gaisford's death, with the definite object of creating a school of students in what was then a practically untried field of classical study at Oxford. The salary, however, was only nominal, and Newton was obliged to decline the post, which was then offered to and accepted by Benjamin Jowett. In 1880, however, the Yates chair of classical archaeology was created at University College, London, and by a special arrangement, Newton was enabled to hold it coincidentally with his museum appointment.
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Elucidating the role of education in the development of Kashmiri youth, he has highlighted the role of Army Goodwill Schools (AGS) in providing quality education at very affordable cost, and the endeavour to modernise by digitisation of sixteen AGS through Corporate Social Responsibility(CSR) efforts of Power Grid Corporation of India Limited(PGCIL). There is even outreach to the children of Gujars, Bakarwals and those grazing cattle in remote areas. Lauding the role of teachers he said "Mitti to mitti hoti hai, lekin jab kumhar ka hath lagta hai to wahi mitti ek bhagwan ki murti ban jati hai". He, on numerous occasions, has urged the youth to benefit from the very popular and successful Super 50 (Engineering) with CSR support from Petronet LNG and Super 30 (Medical) with CSR support from Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL).
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My Life with Master and Dogs in the Vineyard, "actually failed to support Narrativism as a whole, instead focusing on a single Narrativist theme", and have had no commercial success. Fantasy author and Legend of the Five Rings contributor Marie Brennan reviews the GNS theory in the eponymous chapter of her 2017 non-fiction book Dice Tales. While she finds many of its "elaborations and add-ons that accreted over the years... less than useful", she suggests that the "core concepts of GNS can be helpful in elucidating some aspects of [RPGs], ranging from game design to the disputes that arise between players". A self- identified Narrativist, Brennan finds Edwards' definition of said creative agenda ("exploration of theme") too narrow, adding "character development, suspense, exciting plot twists, and everything else that makes up a good story" to the Narrativist priorities list.
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With full-genome sequences available, structure prediction can be done more quickly through a combination of experimental and modeling approaches, especially because the availability of large number of sequenced genomes and previously solved protein structures allows scientists to model protein structure on the structures of previously solved homologs. Because protein structure is closely linked with protein function, the structural genomics has the potential to inform knowledge of protein function. In addition to elucidating protein functions, structural genomics can be used to identify novel protein folds and potential targets for drug discovery. Structural genomics involves taking a large number of approaches to structure determination, including experimental methods using genomic sequences or modeling-based approaches based on sequence or structural homology to a protein of known structure or based on chemical and physical principles for a protein with no homology to any known structure.
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It was explained that proteins in the periphery of the pathway interact with fewer proteins and so a change in protein dosage affected by a change in copy number may have a smaller effect on the overall outcome of the cellular pathway. In the past few years, researchers seem to have shifted their focus from detecting, locating, and sequencing copy number variations to in depth analyses of the role of these copy number variations in the human genome and in nature in general. Evidence is needed to further validate the relationship between copy number variations and gene families as well as the role that natural selection plays in shaping these relationships and changes. Furthermore, researchers are also aiming to elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in copy number variations as it may reveal essential information regarding structural variations in general.
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Blundell's research interests lie in elucidating the architecture and function of macromolecules and their multi-component assemblies using methods from biochemistry, protein crystallography, and bioinformatics, with the objectives of understanding biological function, of knowledge-based prediction of structure, and of discovering new therapeutics for cancer and tuberculosis. Systems studied include DNA repair, hormones, growth factors and hormone/receptor interactions, cellular signalling, crystallins (lens proteins), renin and HIV protease. He has contributed 235 crystal structures to the worldwide Protein Data Bank (accessed 3/3/16). At least seven of the Molecule-of-the-Month features at the RCSB site of the worldwide Protein Databank have featured molecular structures solved and studied by the Blundell lab, such as the glucagon hormone shown at left in David Goodsell's drawing, nerve growth factor, the RAD51-BRCA2 DNA recombination complex, and the DNA ligase shown at right.
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Jones pursued her doctoral degree within the Department of Biomedical Sciences which is located in the College of Medicine at Florida State University. She was the first African American to earn a PhD from the Department of Biomedical Sciences at FSU, and the first member of her family to earn a PhD. During her doctoral studies, Jones worked under the guidance of Dr. Pradeep Bhide and Deirdre Mc Carthy where she completed a dissertation titled "Elucidating the Molecular Etiology of Levodopa Responsive Dystonia" and published a manuscript characterizing the "Translational Effects and Coding Potential of an Upstream Open Reading Frame Associated with DOPA Responsive Dystonia (DRD)". Her research investigated the cellular consequences of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) +142C>T, which introduces an upstream open reading frame (uORF) within the GCH1 gene and also represses GCH1 translation, which is involved in dopamine biosynthesis.
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" Crocker noted three main reasons for the 1837 abrogation of the Plan of Union. First, it was unconstitutional since the General Assembly in 1801 had no right to “form these important standing rules without the approbation of a majority of the presbyteries.” Second, that the General Association of Connecticut had no authority to act as a party in the agreement. Third, that “much confusion and irregularity have arisen from this unnatural and unconstitutional system of union.” Elucidating upon this final reason, Crocker notes ten specifications that ultimately demonstrate why the Plan of Union, according to the General Assembly of 1837, “has had the slow but inevitable effect to subvert the order and discipline of the Presbyterian Church." Regarded as an authoritative account of the 1837-38 schism, Crocker's work was regarded as "valuable and lucid" by his contemporaries.
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Tuticorin Raghavachari Govindachari (1915–2001), popularly known as TRG, was an Indian natural product chemist, academic, institution builder and the principal of Presidency College, Chennai. He was known for his studies on the synthesis of isoquinolines and phenanthridines and his contributions in elucidating the structure of several plant constituents. He was an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy and was the nominator of Robert Burns Woodward who won the 1965 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 1960, for his contributions to chemical sciences, making him the first recipient of the award in the chemical sciences category.
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The majority of the toponyms predate the radical changes in the English language triggered by the Norman Conquest, and some Celtic names even predate the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons in the first millennium AD. The place names of England, as in most other regions, typically have meanings which were significant to the settlers of a locality (though these were not necessarily the first settlers). Sometimes these meanings have remained clear to speakers of modern English (for instance Newcastle and Sevenoaks); more often, however, elucidating them requires the study of older languages. As the names lost their original meanings either due to the introduction of a new language or linguistic drift, they gradually changed, or were appended with newer elements. An example is Breedon on the Hill in Leicestershire, whose name seems to have grown by the accretion of elements stressing the hill in the language currently spoken.
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A secondary kinetic isotope effect is observed when no bond to the isotopically-labeled atom in the reactant is broken or formed. Secondary kinetic isotope effects tend to be much smaller than primary kinetic isotope effects; however, secondary deuterium isotope effects can be as large as 1.4 per deuterium atom, and techniques have been developed to measure heavy-element isotope effects to very high precision, so secondary kinetic isotope effects are still very useful for elucidating reaction mechanisms. For the aforementioned nucleophilic substitution reactions, secondary hydrogen kinetic isotope effects at the α-carbon provide a direct means to distinguish between SN1 and SN2 reactions. It has been found that SN1 reactions typically lead to large secondary kinetic isotope effects, approaching to their theoretical maximum at about 1.22, while SN2 reactions typically yield primary kinetic isotope effects that are very close to or less than unity.
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The dominant theme is the plasticity of the nervous system under normal and pathological conditions. We study the effects of stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, epileptogenesis and the consequences of re-innervation, as well as emotional disturbances in humans. The research at the Department of Cell Biology is chiefly directed towards elucidating signalling cascades and regulatory mechanisms of gene expression involved in tumour transformation and the immune response, including the participation of membrane lipids in signal transfer by immunoreceptors, as well as the genetic regulation of cytoskeletal reorganisation. The Department of Biochemistry concentrates its research efforts on describing the molecular mechanisms of lipid-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, the regulation of calcium-mediated signal pathways, kinesine functioning, the role of mitochondria in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and the development of pathologies, as well as the elucidation of the structure and function of intracellular ion channels.
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There exists no theory elucidating correlations among L-amino acids. If one takes, for example, alanine, which has a small methyl group, and phenylalanine, which has a larger benzyl group, a simple question is in what aspect, L-alanine resembles L-phenylalanine more than D-phenylalanine, and what kind of mechanism causes the selection of all L-amino acids. Because it might be possible that alanine was L and phenylalanine was D. It was reported in 2004 that excess racemic D,L-asparagine (Asn), which spontaneously forms crystals of either isomer during recrystallization, induces asymmetric resolution of a co-existing racemic amino acid such as arginine (Arg), aspartic acid (Asp), glutamine (Gln), histidine (His), leucine (Leu), methionine (Met), phenylalanine (Phe), serine (Ser), valine (Val), tyrosine (Tyr), and tryptophan (Trp). The enantiomeric excess of these amino acids was correlated almost linearly with that of the inducer, i.e.
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Eric Kandel and Paul Greengard, each of whom have received NIMH support for more than three decades, shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Sweden's Arvid Carlsson. Kandel received the prize for his elucidating research on the functional modification of synapses in the brain. Initially using the sea slug as an experimental model but later working with mice, he established that the formation of memories is a consequence of short and long-term changes in the biochemistry of nerve cells Greengard was recognized for his discovery that dopamine and a number of other transmitters can alter the functional state of neuronal proteins, and also that such changes could be reversed by subsequent environmental signals. Nancy Andreasen, a psychiatrist and long-time NIMH grantee, won the National Medal of Science for her groundbreaking work in schizophrenia and for joining behavioral science with neuroscience and neuroimaging.
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This work was followed by the Homerica, covering the events of the Iliad, and the Posthomerica, reporting the events taking place between the Iliad and the Odyssey. All three are currently available in English translations. Tzetzes also wrote commentaries on a number of Greek authors, the most important of which is that elucidating the obscure Cassandra or Alexandra of the Hellenistic poet Lycophron, usually called "On Lycophron" (edited by K.O. Müller, 1811), in the production of which his brother Isaac is generally associated with him. Mention may also be made of a dramatic sketch in iambic verse, in which the caprices of fortune and the wretched lot of the learned are described; and of an iambic poem on the death of the emperor Manuel I Komnenos, noticeable for introducing at the beginning of each line the last word of the line preceding it (both in Pietro Matranga, Anecdota Graeca 1850).
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PL is a powerful method for elucidating signaling networks, dissecting molecular function, and potentially discovering novel disease genes. Ting's laboratory has developed three widely used enzymes for PL; all were engineered using directed evolution: the peroxidase APEX2, and the biotin ligases TurboID and miniTurbo. In addition, Ting and her lab developed monovalent streptavidin, site-specific biotinylation in mammalian cells, small monovalent quantum dots for single molecule imaging, APEX2 as a genetic tag for electron microscopy (analogous to Green Fluorescent Protein but visible by electron microscopy), split horseradish peroxidase for visualization of synapses in vivo, FLARE for gaining genetic access to activated neural ensembles, SPARK for transcriptional readout of protein- protein interactions, and PRIME (PRobe Incorporation Mediated by Enzymes) - a protein labeling technique that enables scientists to capitalize on the brightness, photostability, small size, and chemical diversity of small- molecule probes as an alternative to Green Fluorescent Protein.
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Dr. Brenner developed targeted, quantitative analysis of the NAD+ metabolome and made fundamental contributions to NAD metabolism including discovery of nicotinic acid riboside-dependent NAD synthesis, elucidating the mechanism of synthesis of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and discovering multiple conditions in which NAD metabolism is dysregulated in disease. Brenner is also active in translating NR technologies to treat and prevent human conditions including diabetic and chemotherapeutic peripheral neuropathy,New Vitamin May Relieve a Painful Problem Focus April 20, 2008 heart failure, and central brain injury. This work includes the first human trial of NR, which demonstrated safe oral availability as an NAD+ precursor. Though Brenner was the first to show that NR increases SIR2 activity and can extend yeast lifespan, his work has not emphasized sirtuins or nonspecific anti-aging claims and instead emphasizes how NR repairs metabolic stresses that dysregulate NAD+ and NADPH.
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Special emphasis is placed on the multiscale aspects of turbulence, using tools such as subgrid-scale modeling, downscaling techniques, and fractal geometry. Applications of the results to Large Eddy Simulation (LES) have facilitated applications of LES to engineering, environmental and geophysical flow phenomena. Currently Meneveau is focused on applications of LES to wind energy and wind farm fluid dynamics, on developing advanced wall models for LES, on modeling oil dispersion in the ocean, as well as on building “big-data” tools to share the very large data sets that arise in computational fluid dynamics with broad constituencies of scientists and engineers around the world Among Meneveau’s seminal contributions are basic advances to turbulence modeling and large eddy simulations. The advances were made possible by elucidating the properties of the small-scale motions in turbulent flows and applying the new insights to the development of advanced subgrid-scale models, such as the Lagrangian dynamic model.
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In some transitive verbs, specific animate non- subjects of verbs are marked by -wã. -wã is applied under situations not completely understood. What is known is - wã often places stress on the animate non-subjects. -wã is necessary for most verbs with animate nouns that have a direct object function: (1)jere'xwa 'kay-ki natau-'wã jaguar scratch- DEC Natal-AO ‘the jaguar scratched Natal’ (2)'ay-hỹ ' kay-ki that-NOM scratch-DEC ‘that one scratched (him)’ Other than elucidating which animate argument is the object, -wã also disambiguates the subject from the object. It is especially useful when they are both third person arguments: (1) wã zjwãu-'wã e'xyi-ki bee João-AO sting-DEC ‘a wasp stung João’ (2) hiri'ni zjwãu-'wã isi'xwe-ki shaman João-AO medicate-DEC ‘the shaman is treating João’ -wã is not always necessary to differentiate between object and subject, because verbal cross-reference obligatorily expresses the subject.
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Nineteenth century European modernity, in the forms of French colonialism, European gender values, and medical discourses on sexology, has significantly impacted the present-day treatment of Vietnam's les. Further examination of the influence of these external regimes will provide useful historical insight and possible explanations for the current stigmatisation of female homosexuality in Vietnam. French colonialism influenced and imposed changes in Vietnamese socio-cultural norms, thus elucidating how and why Vietnamese gender values changed over time. Frank Proschan historically explores French colonial constructions of Vietnamese gender. Through his analysis of gendered and sexually ambiguous figures like the eunuch and effeminate boys, Proschan argues that “the colonials were confounded by the Vietnamese sex/gender system,” in which they perceived no distinguishable characteristics between men and women.Frank Proschan, “Eunuch Mandarins, Soldats Mamzelles, Effeminate Boys, and Graceless Women: French Colonial Constructions of Vietnamese Genders,” GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 8, No. 4 (2002): 436.
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For this reason, and because they are embedded in the lipid bilayer of the membrane, most membrane proteins are difficult to study and their functions have often been intractable. CEF scientists have done groundbreaking work to overcome some of these challenges and made major contributions to elucidating the structure, mechanisms and regulation of a number of important large complexes, including respiratory complex I , rotary ATPases , supercomplex I1III2IV1 , cytochrome cbb3 oxidase, cytochrome bd oxidase, a sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase, a fungal TOM core complex, a bacterial double-pore K+ uptake system KtrAB, the Na+-independent carnitine/butyrobetaine antiporter CaiT, the betaine/Na+ symporter BetP, the multidrug efflux transporter AcrB and the chaperone and editing TAPBPR–MHC I complex and the human MHC-I peptide-loading complex. Antigenic peptide recognition on TAP was resolved by DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The conformational coupling and trans-inhibition in the human antigen transporter ortholog TmrAB was resolved with the aid of dipolar EPR spectroscopy.
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The Critique of the Gotha Programme () is a document based on a letter by Karl Marx written in early May 1875 to the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP), with whom Marx and Friedrich Engels were in close association. Offering perhaps Marx's most detailed pronouncement on programmatic matters of revolutionary strategy, the document discusses the "dictatorship of the proletariat", the period of transition from capitalism to communism, proletarian internationalism and the party of the working class. It is notable also for elucidating the principles of "To each according to his contribution" as the basis for a "lower phase" of communist society directly following the transition from capitalism and "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs" as the basis for a future "higher phase" of communist society. In describing the lower phase, he states that "the individual receives from society exactly what he gives to it" and advocates remuneration in the form of labour vouchers as opposed to money.
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In 1958, as a white Southerner during the early years of the Civil Rights Movement, Louis Harlan published his first book, Separate and Unequal: Public School Campaigns and Racism in the Southern Seaport States, 1901–1915. Following stints as an associate professor at East Texas State Teachers College and University of Cincinnati, he became, in 1965, professor of history at the University of Maryland, within easy access to the collection of documents left by Booker T. Washington. Over the next two decades, he continued to work on Washington's biography, while also editing, with another Washington historian, Raymond W. Smock, an edition of Washington's papers, which were published over a fourteen-year period, between 1972 and 1988, ultimately reaching fourteen volumes. The two volumes of the biography, published eleven years apart, received praise from scholars and historians who referred to Harlan's ability in elucidating Washington's personality which, in Harlan's words, "had vanished into the roles it had played".
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Arie Bodek (born 1947) is an American experimental particle physicist and the George E. Pake Professor of Physics at the University of Rochester.Faculty biography, University of Rochester Bodek was awarded the 2004 American Physical Society W.K.H. Panofsky Prize in Experimental Particle Physics for his "broad, sustained, and insightful contributions to elucidating the structure of the nucleon, using a wide variety of probes, tools, and methods at many laboratories." He received his B.S. in physics in 1968 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and his Ph.D. in physics in 1972 also from MIT. For his Ph.D., he worked under Henry Kendall and Jerome Friedman on the MIT-SLAC deep inelastic electron scattering experiments that provided evidence for the quark structure of matter. His doctoral thesis provided some of the evidence of the quark's existence that was the basis for the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics. The 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Friedman, Kendall, and Taylor for these experiments.
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Weitz spent a year in Oxford which led to lifelong friendships with Oxford philosophers such as Gilbert Ryle, H.L.A. Hart, and Isaiah Berlin and, in 1953, the publication in The Philosophical Review of Oxford Philosophy (1953). In the same, according to Aaron W. Meskin writing in The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers,"Weitz argued that postwar Oxford philosophy was not unified by any general meta-philosophical position but rather by a commitment to investigating the logic of concepts". Meskin notes that this "was a significant publication in the United States as it served for many as an introduction to postwar Oxford philosophy". Meskin suggests the work also "illuminates the course of Weitz’s career" - the "task of elucidating both ordinary and technical concepts" becoming central to his philosophical pursuits and his philosophical method becoming "one of conceptual analysis, so long as this pursuit is not understood to be predicated on the goal of providing necessary and sufficient conditions".
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Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science is an international, quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal which publishes original research in the history of science, technology, and medicine. The journal welcomes other forms of contribution including: research notes elucidating recent archival discoveries (in the collections of the Royal Society and elsewhere); news of research projects and online and other resources of interest to historians; book reviews, including essay reviews, on material relating primarily to the history of the Royal Society; recollections or autobiographical accounts written by Fellows and others recording important moments in science from the recent past. It is published by the Royal Society and the editor-in-chief is Anna-Marie Roos supported by an eminent editorial board. Notes and Records is fully compliant with the open access requirements of a range of funders including the HEFCE (REF 2020), AHRC, Scottish Funding Council, Wellcome Trust and European Commission.
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The UTE's stated mission is :"to contribute to the building of the European Union through culture and theatre, to encourage a collective cultural movement that breaks through language barriers in order to develop an art theatre which is seen as a vector of fraternity among people. The UTE promotes productions and co- productions, theatre exchanges and shared experiences while respecting individual identities and cultures. ... Etched in continuity, the sum of these activities helps in elucidating the objectives of artistic and cultural policies that aim to reinforce artistic cooperation and transnational circulation in Europe." The UTE is a “multinational house”, an idea which corresponds to the so-called “Mehrspartenhaus” in German Theatre – that is, one major theatre with different departments, and in the case of the UTE one theatre that consists of seventeen national theatres but yet remains a single entity. This “multinational house” intensively discusses the questions of a European identity and the role of culture in its formation.
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AIIMS Delhi Anurag Agrawal, born on 17 February 1972, joined the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi in 1989 for his MBBS and MD after which he moved to the US for his residency at the Baylor College of Medicine where he also worked as a fellow at the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care and as an assistant professor. In 2004, he enrolled for his doctoral studies at the Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute of the University of Delhi from where he secured a PhD in 2007. Subsequently, he joined the Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB) of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and serves as the director. Agrawal's research covers the fields of lung diseases, asthma and functional issues related to mitochondria and he is credited with establishing a functional link between the three diseases, thereby elucidating how stem cells donated mitochondrial cells to human lung cells that had turned dysfunctional.
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Methodism falls squarely in the tradition of substitutionary atonement, though it is linked with Christus Victor and moral influence theories. John Wesley, reflecting on , connects penal substitution with victory over Satan in his Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament: "the voluntary passion of our Lord appeased the Father's wrath, obtained pardon and acceptance for us, and consequently, dissolved the dominion and power which Satan had over us through our sins." In elucidating , Wesley says that Christ manifesting Himself in the hearts of humans destroys the work of Satan, thus making Christus Victor imagery "one part of the framework of substitutionary atonement." The Methodist divine Charles Wesley's hymns "Sinners, Turn, Why Will You Die" and "And Can It be That I Should Gain" concurrently demonstrate that Christ's sacrifice is the example of supreme love, while also convicting the Christian believer of his/her sins, thus using the moral influence theory within the structure of penal substitution in accordance with the Augustinian theology of illumination.
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What scientific objectivity requires is, not denial of the first-person subjective point of view, but rather a means of communicating inter-subjectively about what one can grasp only from that point of view. Given the relational structure first-person phenomena like qualia appear to exhibit – a structure that, Carnap devoted great effort to elucidating – such a means seems available: we can communicate what we know about qualia in terms of their structural relations to one another. Dennett’s position rests on a failure to see that qualia being essentially subjective is fully compatible with their being relational or non-intrinsic, and thus communicable. This communicability ensures that claims about qualia are epistemologically objective, that is, they can in principle be grasped and evaluated by all competent observers, even though they are claims about phenomena that are arguably not metaphysically objective, that is, they are about entities that exist only as grasped by a subject of experience.
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There have been a number of cases that have come before the Constitutional Court requiring it to interpret and apply the rights and principles in the Constitution pertaining to ACL. In doing so, the CC has not only been faced with the challenge of elucidating the extent to which ACL is now recognised, but it has also had to address the issue of how to go about ascertaining what that law in fact is. The first such substantive case is Alexkor Ltd and Another v the Richtersveld Community and Others, which involved the appeal of a claim for restitution of land by the Richtersveld Community ('the Community'), an indigenous South African community, in terms of the Restitution of Land Rights Act. The Constitutional Court therefore had to examine whether or not the Community had rights in land in 1913 and, if so, whether or not it was subsequently dispossessed 'as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices.
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According to his theories, paedomorphosis (the retention of juvenile features in the adult form) is more important in evolution than gerontomorphosis, since juvenile tissues are relatively undifferentiated and capable of further evolution, whereas highly specialised tissues are less able to change. He also conceived the idea of clandestine evolution, which helped to explain the sudden changes in the fossil record which were apparently at odds with Darwin's gradualist theory of evolution. If a novelty were to evolve gradually in an animal's juvenile form, then its development would not appear in the fossil record at all, but if the species were then to undergo neoteny (a form of paedomorphosis in which sexual maturity is reached while in an otherwise juvenile form), then the feature would appear suddenly in the fossil record, despite having evolved gradually. De Beer worked on paleornithology and general evolutionary theory, and was largely responsible for elucidating the concept of mosaic evolution, as illustrated by his review of Archaeopteryx in 1954.
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The story recounted by Gina Kolata, "Rare mutation kills off gene responsible for diabetes," New York Times, 2 March 2014 The Broad group added it to the paper announcing the discovery.J Flannick et al., "Loss-of-function mutations in SLC30A8 protect against type 2 diabetes," Nature Genetics (subscription required), vol 46, pp 357–363 (2 March 2014) Because of its singular population resources and the questions its scientists can ask and answer, many of deCODE's most remarkable findings have been in basic science. One notable focus has been on elucidating how variation in the sequence of the genome is generated. Following its microsatellite-based genetic map of the genome in 2002, the company created and made available to the scientific community two more: one in 2010 built on 300,000 SNPs,A Kong et al., "Fine- scale recombination rate differences between sexes, populations and individuals," Nature, vol 467, pp 1099–1103 (October 2010) and another in 2019 built on WGS data.
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In his career Fichtner worked on various topics, covering Theoretical Chemistry, Instrumental Analysis, Higher Administration, Chemical Engineering, Heterogeneous Catalysis, Hydrogen Storage, Electrochemistry and Battery Research. Pioneering achievements were the first measurements of salts with Secondary Neutral Mass Spectrometry, the development of a depth-resolved speciation of beam sensitive salts, a microstructure reactor which could safely burn and transfer the heat from a stoichiometric hydrogen-oxygen mixture to a thermo oil, thus demonstrating the enormous capability of running dangerous reactions in microstructure reactors safely. In the development of hydrogen storage materials, new complex hydride compounds were synthesized and investigated, the fasted charge and discharge of an aluminum hydride to date by a new Ti13 catalyst, first applied for that purpose by the Bogdanovig group of Max Planck Mülheim, was independently confirmed. Further work in this area was focused on elucidating nanoscale effects in energy materials and studies, based on pioneering work since the late 1990s by various groups from all over the world on hydrogen and the effects by nanostructures, of the change of thermodynamic properties of complex hydrides was conducted in his group.
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The theory of phlogiston (a substance at the root of all combustion) was propounded by the German Georg Ernst Stahl in the early 18th century and was only overturned by the end of the century by the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier, the chemical analogue of Newton in physics; who did more than any other to establish the new science on proper theoretical footing, by elucidating the principle of conservation of mass and developing a new system of chemical nomenclature used to this day. Before his work, though, many important discoveries had been made, specifically relating to the nature of 'air' which was discovered to be composed of many different gases. The Scottish chemist Joseph Black (the first experimental chemist) and the Dutchman J.B. van Helmont discovered carbon dioxide, or what Black called 'fixed air' in 1754; Henry Cavendish discovered hydrogen and elucidated its properties and Joseph Priestley and, independently, Carl Wilhelm Scheele isolated pure oxygen. English scientist John Dalton proposed the modern theory of atoms; that all substances are composed of indivisible 'atoms' of matter and that different atoms have varying atomic weights.
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The site has historic significance in demonstrating and elucidating major themes in Australian history, immigration, the development of society and government, social welfare and health care, treatment of disease, transport and conservation. Evidence of the hardships experienced by European and Asian internees during their detention in Quarantine and the tragic deaths of some of them, is powerfully conveyed by the inscriptions on the gravestones, monuments and amongst the random inscriptions scattered throughout the site. The rugged topography of the southern rock cliffs in the area of the Old Mans Hat, where the power of the sea is manifest, and where the healthy and sick internees sought relief from the confinement of the Quarantine Station, contrasts strongly with the sanctuary of Quarantine and Store Beaches, where European vessels were first quarantine and from where the food gathering and cultural activities of Aboriginal people were abruptly halted. The views to the Station and to North Head from the city of Sydney; and from the Station down the length of Port Jackson are significant for their iconic value.
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President George W. Bush signing the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 in the White House East Room on June 7, 2001 President George W. Bush signing the No Child Left Behind Act. President George W. Bush signs the No Child Left Behind Act into law President George W. Bush in October 2001, elucidating on the government's rationale behind the USA PATRIOT Act before signing into law. President George W. Bush, surrounded by leaders of the House and Senate, announces the Joint Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq, October 2, 2002. Before the signing ceremony of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, President George W. Bush met with Senator Paul Sarbanes, Secretary of Labor Elaine Chao and other dignitaries in the Blue Room at the White House on July 30, 2002 The 107th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives.
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To Varma, unlike the enlightened women of "both East and West", who have snapped "those fetters that men… had used to enslave them in a brutal display of their ownership" to arrive as his equal, Indian women remain ignorant of their legal rights that could set them free from the incarcerated walls of a home. Even those who belonged to the genteel hierarchy had no time to soar high as enlightened souls and cogitate over women's rights, deeming books and a dagger of reason their ultimate means to absolve themselves. According to the essayist, altruism demands a renouncement of all "comforts and luxuries"; a sacrifice of security as Simone de Beauvoir asserts in her 1949 philosophical French treatise, The Second Sex. Elucidating the lives of "women who work in mills and factories" as evidencing a chaotic dilemma of belongingness, Mahadevi Varma strongly believes that such enlightened women could possibly obliterate social evils- like Sati practice- that survive as ugly blots over the Indian society and incarcerate women on social and political grounds.
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For Like a Family, 1988: Albert J. Beveridge Award, American Historical Association (best work in English on the history of the Americas); Merle Curti Social History Award, Organization of American Historians, co-winner (best book in social history); Philip Taft Labor History Prize, Cornell University, School of Industrial and Labor Relations (outstanding contribution to American labor history); John Hope Franklin Prize, Honorable Mention, American Studies Association (exemplary interdisciplinary scholarship). For “Disorderly Women,” 1987: Annual Article Prize, Berkshire Conference of Women Historians (best article on any historical subject written by an American woman); Binkley-Stephenson Award, Organization of American Historians (best scholarly article published in the Journal of American History). For Revolt Against Chivalry, 1980: Francis B. Simkins Award, Southern Historical Association (best first book in Southern history); Lillian Smith Award, Southern Regional Council (for writing that carries on Smith’s legacy of elucidating the condition of racial and social inequity and proposing a vision of justice and human understanding); Bancroft Dissertation Award, Columbia University, 1974 best dissertation in history, diplomacy, or diplomatic affairs).
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Diderot wrote sentimental plays, Le Fils naturel (1757) and Le Père de famille (1758), accompanying them with essays on theatrical theory and practice, including "Les Entretiens sur Le Fils Naturel" (Conversations on The Natural Son), in which he announced the principles of a new drama: the 'serious genre', a realistic midpoint between comedy and tragedy that stood in opposition to the stilted conventions of the classical French stage. In 1758, Diderot introduced the concept of the fourth wall, the imaginary "wall" at the front of the stage in a traditional three- walled box set in a proscenium theatre, through which the audience sees the action in the world of the play. He also wrote Paradoxe sur le comédien (Paradox of the Actor), written between 1770 and 1778 but first published after his death in 1830, which is a dramatic essay elucidating a theory of acting in which it is argued that great actors do not experience the emotions they are displaying. That essay is also of note for being where the term l'esprit de l'escalier (or l'esprit d'escalier) comes from.
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In the words of the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, the dictionary had "proved of inestimable service in elucidating the private annals of the British", providing not only concise lives of the notable deceased, but additionally lists of sources which were invaluable to researchers in a period when few libraries or collections of manuscripts had published catalogues or indices, and the production of indices to periodical literatures was just beginning. Throughout the twentieth century, further volumes were published for those who had died, generally on a decade-by-decade basis, beginning in 1912 with a supplement edited by Lee covering those who died between 1901 and 1911. The dictionary was transferred from its original publishers, Smith, Elder & Co., to Oxford University Press in 1917. Until 1996, Oxford University Press continued to add further supplements featuring articles on subjects who had died during the twentieth century. The supplements published between 1912 and 1996 added about 6,000 lives of people who died in the twentieth century to the 29,120 in the 63 volumes of the original DNB.
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The Maniac by Charles Bell (1806) Opisthotonus (Tetanus) by Charles Bell (1809) Charles Bell was a prolific author who combined his anatomical knowledge with his artistic eye to produce a number of highly detailed and beautifully illustrated books. In 1799, Bell published his first work “A System of Dissections, explaining the Anatomy of the Human Body, the manner of displaying Parts and their Varieties in Disease”. His second work was the completion of his brother's four-volume set of “The Anatomy of the Human Body” in 1803. In that same year, Bell published his three series of engravings titled “Engravings of the Arteries”, “Engravings of the Brain”, and “Engravings of the Nerves.” These set of engravings consisted of intricate and detailed anatomical diagrams accompanied with labels and a brief description of their functionality in the human body and were published as an educational tool for aspiring medical students. The “Engravings of the Brain” are of particular importance for this marked Bell's first published attempt at fully elucidating the organization of the nervous system.
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The G5 is an informal group for discussions involving an intentional community or an epistemic community.Reinalda, Bob et al. (1998). The G5 membership is marked by a range of attributes and factors, including (a) a shared set of normative and principled beliefs, which provide a value-based rationale for the social action of community members; (b) shared causal beliefs, which are derived from their analysis of practices leading or contributing to a central set of problems in their domain and which then serve as the basis for elucidating the multiple linkages between possible policy actions and desired outcomes; (c) shared notions of validity -- that is, intersubjective, internally defined criteria for weighing and validating knowledge in the domain of their expertise; and (d) a common policy enterprise—that is, a set of common practices associated with a set of problems to which their group competence is directed. By design, the G5 has avoided establishing an administrative structure like those of other international organizations, but a coordinator has been designated to help improve the G5's effectiveness.
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Paul Kornfeld came to adulthood in the city of his birth which, as the capital of Bohemia was, at the time, a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and a major center of culture and learning. In 1913, at the age of 23, he formulated a thesis elucidating his philosophy of dramaturgy, Der beseelte und der psychologische Mensch [The Spiritual and the Psychological Person, also translated as The Inspired and the Psychological Being] and wrote the first draft of his most-renowned play, Die Verführung [The Seduction]. His circle of young friends and compatriots included some of the most renowned German- speaking Jewish literary figures of the era, Oskar Baum, Max Brod, Rudolf Fuchs, Willy Haas, Franz Janowitz, Franz Kafka, Egon Erwin Kisch, Otto Pick, Hermann Ungar, Johannes Urzidil and Franz Werfel. In 1916, amidst the chaos of World War I and, with the ultimate birth of the future republic of Czechoslovakia only two years away, Kornfeld moved from Prague to Berlin where, during the Weimar period, he was to experience his most intense period of creativity.
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The second most famous Mysteries were those on the island of Samothrace and promised safety to sailors from the perils of the sea, and most participants would come to be initiated from the neighboring regions. While the information here is even more scarce than that available with the Eleusinian Mysteries (and more late, dating to the Hellenistic and Roman periods), it's known that the Samothracian Mysteries significantly borrowed from the ones at Eleusis (including the word 'Mysteries'), furthermore, archaeological and linguistic data continues elucidating more of what happened at Samothrace. These rituals were also associated with others on neighboring island such as the mysteries of the deities of Cabeiri. Philip II of Macedon and his later wife Olympias were said to have met during the initiation ceremony at Samothrace.W. Greenwalt, ‘Philip II and Olympias on Samothrace: A Clue to Macedonian Politics during the 360s’, in T. Howe and J. Reames (eds), Macedonian Legacies (Claremont, 2008) 79–106 Heracles, Jason, Cadmus, Orpheus and the Dioscuri were all said to have been initiated here.
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Neither is known much about the mechanism of the protein misfolding nor its kinetics. Using the known structure of PrPc and the results of the in vitro and in vivo studies described below, Folding@home could be valuable in elucidating how PrPSc is formed and how the infectious protein arrange themselves to form fibrils and amyloid like plaques, bypassing the requirement to purify PrPSc or dissolve the aggregates. The PrPc has been enzymatically dissociated from the membrane and purified, its structure studied using structure characterization techniques such as NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Post- translational PrPc has 231 amino acids (aa) in murine. The molecule consists of a long and unstructured amino terminal region spanning up to aa residue 121 and a structured carboxy terminal domain. This globular domain harbours two short sheet-forming anti-parallel β-strands (aa 128 to 130 and aa 160 to 162 in murine PrPc) and three α-helices (helix I: aa 143 to 153; helix II: aa 171 to 192; helix III: aa 199 to 226 in murine PrPc), Helices II and III are anti- parallel orientated and connected by a short loop.
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After he left MGM, Solow was the executive producer of the short-lived NBC TV series Man from Atlantis (packaged by his own production company, which was owned by Taft Broadcasting) and produced the award-winning feature-length documentary Elvis: That's the Way It Is, starring Elvis Presley. Along with Robert H. Justman, he wrote Inside Star Trek: The Real Story, published by Pocket Books in 1996. According to Publishers Weekly, "As told by Solow, Star Treks executive in charge of production, and Justman, Star Treks co-producer, this is arguably the definitive history of the TV show...With plenty of behind-the-scenes material that will be of interest to Trek fans, this book puts a good deal of emphasis on the show's business side, elucidating production difficulties, cost overruns and the seemingly constant debate with NBC over the show's future." Although Solow is often credited with being the first to call Gene Roddenberry "The Great Bird of the Galaxy", drawn from one of George Takei's throwaway lines, as Mr Sulu, from the original series episode "The Man Trap", it was actually Robert Justman who coined the phrase.
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Ford has campaigned on the mis-use of forensic data in courts.Laboratory News p 20, 8 July 1991 Ford's recent research interests included e-learning,Laboratory News p 16, 12 January 2006Times Higher Education Supplement p 2, 18 November 2005 for which he was based at the University of Leicester. Ford's other publications range from microbial researchThe Microscope vol 52:3/4 pp 135–144 2004 and elucidating newly threatening infectionsThe Microscope vol 51:4 pp 209–220 2003 to examining scientists' dissatisfaction with their lot.New Scientist vol 145 p 11, 18 March 1995 Other areas of his interests are the invention of a space microscope commissioned by Brunel University, to be used by European Space Agency, safety of the water supply'Merely going through the seaside motions', The Guardian p 23, 17 August 1991 and the rising incidence of head lice'Pediculus, bug with a lousy image', Sunday Times, 14 November 1971 and bed bugs, his discovery of new phenomena in blood coagulation,Clinical Laboratory International vol 30(5) pp 12–13, September 2006 the excretory mechanisms of plantsJournal of Biological Education vol 20(4) pp 251–254 1986 and investigations of the 'ingenuity' of living cellsBiologist magazine vol 53(4) pp 221–224 that alter our understanding of the living cell.
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