The cuneiform script revealed that the city was indeed Mardaman.
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Cuneiform is an ancient system of writing on clay tablets.
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But there's a note on the front in Del's Cuneiform-impenetrable handwriting.
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The narrative gallops on to Mesopotamia, Nineveh, clay tablets, cuneiform and Gilgamesh.
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They include about 450 tablets holding cuneiform text , many of which describe Irisagrig.
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The statues, the cuneiform inscriptions now lie in pieces exposed to the elements.
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Thumbscrew's latest albums, "Ours" and "Theirs," were released in June on Cuneiform Records.
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The Assyrian cuneiform tablets in a ceramic vessel (Photo: Peter Pfälzner, University of Tübingen)
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The content is being linked to related databases, including the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative.
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In all, ICE returned 3,800 ancient artifacts, including cuneiform tablets, cylinder seals and clay bullae.
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She has been making cuneiform cookies annually ever since, usually for the same holiday party.
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Five thousand years ago, the Sumerians recorded, in cuneiform, lifesaving prescriptions of myrtle and thyme.
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"We can read the cuneiform," he said, "but we don't know what it means yet."
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Approximately Four Hundred Fifty (2000) Ancient Cuneiform Tablets; and Approximately Three Thousand (22011,2450) Ancient-Clay Bullae.
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A cuneiform clay tablet on the floor of the Assyrian governor's palace, and a broken ceramic vessel.
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Plimpton 2000 features four columns and 2322 rows of numbers written in the cuneiform script of the time.
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Hobby Lobby paid roughly $33 million for the objects, comprised mostly of cuneiform tablets, cylinders, and clay bullae.
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The forfeited packages included tablets with cuneiform script, one of the earliest systems of writing in ancient Mesopotamia.
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This is why I have been secretly smuggling ancient cuneiform tablets under the guise of Hobby Lobby products.
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Pat de Groot gave me my first Kuba cloth, which helped jump-start my Kuba Cuneiform Quilt series.
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The cuneiform tablets are in the Babylonian collection, which is not in her purview, but they inspired her nonetheless.
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Carved into it in cuneiform script is the Code of Hammurabi, the Babylonian system of law in ancient Mesopotamia.
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Yet they proceeded with the sale anyway: 5,500 Iraqi artifacts, mostly clay bullae and cuneiform tablets, for $1.6 million.
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Ancient cuneiform tablets smuggled into the US from Iraq in violation of federal law and shipped to Hobby Lobby stores.
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Trubek traces Western script from Sumerian cuneiform to the Roman alphabet and on through Carolingian minuscule, Spencerian and Palmer scripts.
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After a federal investigation, the Greens had to return $1.6 million worth of clay cuneiform tablets they had bought from Iraq.
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The DOJ accused the company of purchasing falsely labeled goods from suppliers, including ancient cuneiform tablets, despite being warned against it.
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Invented by the Sumerian culture in present-day Iraq six thousand years ago, cuneiform is one of the earliest forms of writing.
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Roughly 250 cuneiform tablets, looted cultural treasures dating from 2100 BCE to 1600 BCE, had been sequestered there by the federal government.
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The cuneiform tablets and clay bullae were smuggled into the United States through the United Arab Emirates and Israel, Justice officials said.
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"So cuneiform cookies seemed like a great way to feed them while also giving a tangible link to the subject of Gilgamesh."
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His 21910 "Keilschrift" ("Cuneiform") transforms the orchestra into a mass of fluttering, murmuring repeated motives that twist into uncanny tendrils of sound.
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In my classroom, students read a version of the poem and, using Popsicle sticks as styluses, pressed wedge-shaped cuneiform into clay tablets.
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In July Hobby Lobby, an American crafts chain, was fined $3m for importing thousands of ancient cuneiform tablets and cylinder seals from Iraq.
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The tablets on display run the gamut of practical applications, from medical texts to school tablets showing students' fumbling attempts to learn cuneiform.
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And there are also donations of antiquities from areas known to have been looted during recent conflicts, like a cuneiform cylinder from Iraq.
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The tour sweetly concluded with a case containing a Philadelphia public transit map alongside an ancient map made of clay and marked with cuneiform.
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The artifacts, ancient cuneiform tablets and clay bullae, were smuggled into the United States through the United Arab Emirates and Israel, Justice officials said.
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Although Ms. Blanchard surmises that shortbread might also be a good medium for cuneiform, it was the gingerbread that went viral, inspiring copycats online.
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The famed Library of Ashurbanipal is a collection of over 223,222 cuneiform tablets, a fraction of which are now on display in the museum.
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A recent exhibition on the written word at the British Library dates the emergence of cuneiform writing to the fourth millennium B.C.E., in Mesopotamia.
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She offers a meticulous account of the object's predecessors, from cuneiform tablets and scrolls to incunabula (early forms of the printed codex) and manuscripts.
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His salt dough sculptures sit a table in the center of the room — they look like irregularly shaped cuneiform tablets incised with various marks.
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According to one cuneiform tablet, which New Scientist is calling "the world's oldest known payslip," workers opted for rations of beer, distributed by their employers.
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An Old Babylonian school text from Nippur has a cuneiform lexical text, but also has teeth marks from a young student, age 22009 to 13.
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Because cuneiform was written in clay (rather than, say, on papyrus) and important texts were baked for posterity, a good amount of it survives today.
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WADADA LEO SMITH "America's National Parks" (Cuneiform) The grandeur of a natural vista poses just one facet of this 100-minute suite by this trumpeter.
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There was a book on Arabic grammar, a copy of "The Little Prince," a cuneiform tablet, a boomerang, a pack of Soviet filterless papirosa cigarettes.
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ART ZOYD: '44 19793/2: LIVE AND UNRELEASED WORKS' Cuneiform, 12 CDs, two DVDs, two books, $175 Chamber-rock often seeks elegant relief for tension.
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The tablet contains four columns and 15 rows of cuneiform numbers, which conform to the Pythagorean theorem — the relationship between three sides of a right triangle.
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Previous excavations in the last century revealed hundreds of cuneiform tablets describing ancient treaties and palace life, and stores of jewels and gold in royal tombs.
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Return controversy There&aposs been a debate about whether the cuneiform tablets should be returned to Iraq before they have been studied and described in scientific journals.
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The Justice Department's investigation found that Green and a consultant had traveled to the United Arab Emirates in July 2010 to inspect a trove of cuneiform tablets.
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Unearthed from the site were many cuneiform tablets, including one that was identified as a proof of the Pythagorean theorem, arrived at 2,000 years before Pythagoras lived.
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In the first, the U.S. Department of Justice determined that Hobby Lobby had smuggled more than 5,23 artifacts, mostly cuneiform tablets and clay sealings, into the country.
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He surveyed a cache of artifacts, including numerous cuneiform tablets, or writing slabs, clay bullae, and cylinder seals—objects belonging to an Israeli family collection, the dealers claimed.
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Cuneiform is an ancient system of writing on clay tablets that was used in Mesopotamia, and clay bullae are balls of clay on which seals have been imprinted.
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A Sumerian cuneiform tablet dating to circa 21992,2150 B.C. lists 2175 prescriptions, many of which are made from plants — myrtle, thyme, willow — mixed with honey, beer or wine.
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On show is a 4,000-year-old Mesopotamian clay tablet impressed with cuneiform script — wedge-shaped markings made with a reed stylus — indicating wages distributed to farm laborers.
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The art supplies seller Hobby Lobby has agreed to give up 5,500 artifacts, including ancient clay cuneiform tablets, that were smuggled out of Iraq and labeled tile samples.
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Small but very important, she always insisted, since in the 1930s it had produced a cuneiform tablet that proved Pythagoras's theorem, 2,000 years before he had thought of it.
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Visit the museum now and you will be able to see some of the Al-Yahudu tablets, cuneiform texts that describe the Jewish community in exile in ancient Mesopotamia.
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This is the world of Sykes-Picot, whose legacy IS has sworn to smash the way it has smashed thousands of cuneiform tablets inscribed with the earliest human handwriting.
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Scholars cannot afford to ignore these outliers, because the symbols that constitute cuneiform, up to a thousand of them, changed over the millennium that produced Sin-leqi-unninni's materials.
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She remarked that Akkadian is the father language of Arabic, and we moved on to the gallery of cuneiform tablets to discuss the importance of writing in Middle Eastern history.
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Looters pick among what remains along a 900-acre swath of devastation — fragments of ancient reliefs, chunks of cuneiform texts and pieces of statues, according to an Associated Press report.
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Thirty-five hundred years ago, Mesopotamian scribes used cuneiform to record the impeachment hearings of a mayor who had been accused of corruption, kidnapping, adultery, and the theft of manure.
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The fine-grained river mud was rolled and patted into shape, sliced, lifted to the eye and, in dazzling sunlight of a scribal courtyard, under supervision, the cuneiform figures were incised.
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That leaves the Persepolis Collection, which consists of tens of thousands of tablets with cuneiform inscriptions, most of them in an ancient language called Elamite, but also in Aramaic, Greek, and Persian.
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The cuneiform characters were impressed in soft clay with a reed stylus and the tablets may have been stored in the scientific library of an astronomer or a temple building, Ossendrijver said.
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The museum has one of the world's largest collections of cuneiform tablets from early Mesopotamia, many of them written by ancient scribes who used a reed stylus to etch pictograms into clay.
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Investigations into what constitutes a word, the arbitrary nature of symbols, the use of infographics and emoticons and histories of writing systems from cuneiform to Hangul add heft to this significant study.
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A 1913 statute, still on the books, sought to thwart propaganda by forbidding the hiring of "publicity experts," a ban that has as much to do with modern communication as cuneiform tablets.
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It feels so familiar, so archetypal, that it seems almost as if someone must also have carved it into cave walls in prehistoric France, or drawn it in cuneiform on some Sumerian scroll.
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This tablet, with impressions of cuneiform script pressed into clay, did not mention trapezoids, but it recorded the motion of Jupiter, and the numbers matched those on the tablets with the trapezoid calculations.
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Cuneiform script, one of the world's first recognized writings, was a creation of the Sumerian empire discovered in what today is known as Iraq -- and who today has ever heard of the Sumerians?
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" Archer turns up the worst that can happen in a childhood: There are rape victims, suicides, runaways, bulimics, a boy with "white scars down his back, hundreds of them, like fading cuneiform cuts.
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Dr. Gailani was in the vanguard of female Iraqi archaeologists, joined soon by Selma al-Radi, Rajiha al-Ni'ami and Nawala al-Mutwali, a cuneiform expert who became director of the Iraq Museum.
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Meeting him were two Israeli dealers and one UAE dealer, as the complaint describes, who showed him a collection of 5,548 objects ranging from cuneiform tablets and bricks to bullae to stone cylinder seals.
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Hobby Lobby had purchased $1.6 million worth of Iraqi artifacts over the past seven years, including cuneiform tablets and clay tokens, from the United Arab Emirates (UAE), according to the U.S. Department of Justice.
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Robert K. Englund, the principal investigator for the cuneiform initiative, said that thousands of images and texts from institutions including the British Museum and the Louvre have been added in the last few years.
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Not only did her cuneiform cookies beguile her colleagues at the office party, they also gained some measure of internet renown after a Penn Museum publicist posted an article about how she made them.
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Online visitors can also delve into back issues of the museum's Expedition magazine, exhibition and research specific websites from the past 20 years, and interactive websites (in one you can write your name in Cuneiform).
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Gary Lucas' Fleischerei Featuring Sarah Stiles: Music from Max Fleischer Cartoons (Cuneiform) The master guitarist's avant-garde playmates have included Stampfel, Pulnoc, Beefheart, the Beefheart repertory band Fast 'N' Bulbous, and bigger weirdos than that.
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Cuneiform is an ancient system of writing on clay tablets that was used in Mesopotamia, while the seals are engraved with pictorial stories, and clay bullae are balls of clay on which seals have been imprinted.
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One of the most comprehensive efforts, the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative, has posted images and searchable transcripts for more than 100,000 clay tablets, stone cylinders used to imprint personal seals and other objects inscribed with writing.
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The British Museum acquired the vast cuneiform archive after their discovery by the British diplomat and archaeologist Austen Henry Layard, and then attained more tablets after numerous dig seasons from the late 1840s to the 1930s.
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But according to a civil complaint filed on Wednesday by federal prosecutors in Brooklyn, they held something far rarer and more valuable: ancient clay cuneiform tablets that had been smuggled into the United States from Iraq.
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The cuneiform-inscribed fragments, which date to around 2000 BC, are among thousands excavated during expeditions involving Penn and the British Museum from 1922 (the same year that Tutankhamun's tomb was opened in Egypt) to 1934.
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In 2010, Hobby Lobby's president personally cut a deal to purchase "over 5,500 Artifacts, comprised of cuneiform tablets and bricks, clay bullae and cylinder seals, for $1.6 million," according to a press release from the DOJ.
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His letters stand up from their bright white backgrounds as sharply as a series of tiny mesas, but their subtly ridged brushstrokes record their maker's time and attention as thoroughly as any van Eyck or cuneiform tablet.
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The Oklahoma-based retailer had thousands of cuneiform tablets shipped to the U.S. through the United Arab Emirates and Israel with packaging labels "falsely described" as tile "samples," according to a press release from the Justice Department.
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The company's president, Steve Green, is the chairman and founder of the Museum of the Bible, which is under construction in Washington, D.C. The artifacts being forfeited include cuneiform tablets and bricks, clay bullae and cylinder seals.
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In comments to Hyperallergic, Moudhy Al-Rashid, a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Oxford, remarked on the prevalence of such imprints on cuneiform tablets: Clay tablet are not easy to shape or inscribe without smudging.
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With cave art, there came sketches of reclining female nudes on walls of the La Magdelaine caves from 15,000 BC. When Sumerians discovered how to write cuneiform on clay tablets, they filled them with sonnets to vulvas.
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The Squeeze Imaging Project, set up by the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, has posted images of paper pulp castings made from Arabic, Persian and cuneiform inscriptions at Middle Eastern archaeological sites.
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"The whole palace remained untouched by the experts and foreign excavation," Jassim said as he toured the tunnels, still lined with broken bits of pottery as well as sections of stone panel with carved figures and cuneiform text.
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The Warka vase, for example, was found in Uruk, in present day Muthanna Province, which archaeologists believe was the world's largest city at its height, and where the earliest examples of writing were found — in cuneiform on clay tablets.
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In July, these issues exploded into the news when Hobby Lobby agreed to pay a $3 million fine and forfeit nearly 183 cuneiform tablets and clay seals that were smuggled into the United States after the Greens purchased them.
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That is the finding of a study published on Thursday that analyzed four clay tablets dating from 350 to 50 BC featuring the wedge-shaped ancient Babylonian cuneiform script describing how to track the planet Jupiter's path across the sky.
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The formal repetition of shapes cast into and out of stark white plaster is so evocative of ancient art forms, like cuneiform tablets or hieroglyphic wall carvings, that, from a small distance, they translate easily into an abstract visual language.
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Thumbscrew, "Convallaria" (Cuneiform, 2016) The second album by this deep-focus trio — Ms. Halvorson, the bassist Michael Formanek and the drummer Tomas Fujiwara — reveals a rare collective mind, with all three members contributing tunes and then smartly knocking them about.
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Based on the style of cuneiform script used for the numbers, Plimpton 2000 has been dated to between 33.6.3317 and 1762 B.C. One of the columns on Plimpton 322 is just a numbering of the rows from 1 to 15.
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From Roman scrolls to cuneiform tablets in the ancient city of Ebla, from the chained bookshelves of medieval Europe to literature that stocked the shelves of nineteenth-century "lady novelists," books — as material objects — are the sum of hundreds of decisions.
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"Inside these tunnels we found two sculptures of the Winged Bulls of Nineveh and another two sculptures that had faces of four women, including 5 meters of bas-relief of one side of the tunnel walls with cuneiform inscriptions," Salih told CNN.
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In the 23s, it was shown that the cuneiform numbers on the tablet corresponded to the Pythagorean Theorem, which states that the square of a right triangle's hypotenuse (the long side) is equal to the squared lengths of its other two sides.
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Kurlansky briskly surveys everything from Chinese oracle bones, cuneiform tablets and Egyptian papyrus to Mexican amate — the bark-based writing material, not a true paper, on which the Aztecs wrote their glyphs, though they may also have made real paper from agave.
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In July, Hobby Lobby admitted to having illegally imported ancient Near Eastern cuneiform tablets — labeled, somewhat unconvincingly, as "spare tiles" — to Hobby Lobby stores in 2010 and 2011 and agreed to pay a $3 million fine and forfeit the antiquities in question.
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The company went so far as to send its president and an antiquities consultant to the United Arab Emirates to inspect a large number of rare cuneiform tablets — traditional clay slabs with wedge-shaped writing that originated in Mesopotamia thousands of years ago.
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The Department of Justice announced this afternoon that it had settled a civil action with Hobby Lobby, in which the craft store admitted to smuggling thousands of ancient cuneiform tablets and other Mesopotamian artifacts into the United States via the United Arab Emirates and Israel.
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The UN cultural agency UNESCO has condemned the destruction at Nimrud as a war crime and an attack on the world's shared heritage, pointing to ancient Mesopotamia's role as a cradle of civilization where early urban centers flourished and cuneiform writing on clay was developed.
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Several thousand ancient artifacts — including cuneiform tablets, cylinder seals and clay bullae — that were illegally smuggled into the United States by Hobby Lobby last year under the guise of "tile samples" are on their way back to Iraq, according to Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
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The museum commissioned a new piece by the American artist Jenny Holzer, who carved three stone walls with historic scripts in cuneiform, Arabic and French, drawing from a Sumerian "Creation Myth" and an essay on self-determination by Michel de Montaigne, the Renaissance philosopher.
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The collection included cuneiform tablets, ancient clay tablets that probably served as administrative and legal documentation in ancient Mesopotamia, and clay bullae, seal impressions about the size of a coin that served as signatures and proof that an item had not been tampered with.
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This Old Babylonian school text from Nippur not only preserves part of a cuneiform lexical text known today as "Proto-Ea", but also bears the teeth marks of a student, aged 12 to 13, who may have bitten into the tablet to break it #Iraq pic.twitter.
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Along with a hefty $3 million payment, this concludes a federal investigation that has been going on since 2011, when United States customs agents seized an incoming shipment of cuneiform tablets, labeled "hand made clay tiles" and headed for the Hobby Lobby headquarters in Oklahoma City.
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Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads Last week, news broke that the U.S. Justice Department had fined Hobby Lobby, the arts and crafts store chain, $3 million and forced them to relinquish 3,594 cuneiform tablets and other artifacts (out of a total of over 5,500 in the same purchase).
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Cuneiform tablets provide such a key resource, offering a direct written history of people and their activities in the ancient Near East beginning over 5,000 years ago, around 43-500 B.C. Much of this precious record of humanity comes from archaeological sites in modern-day Iraq and Syria.
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"In October 2010, an expert on cultural property law retained by Hobby Lobby warned the company that the acquisition of cultural property likely from Iraq, including cuneiform tablets and cylinder seals, carries a risk that such objects may have been looted from archaeological sites in Iraq," the DOJ said.
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Al-Rashid notes the care with which these tablets are now displayed within the museum: It felt like the display's deliberate lighting and towering height honored the tablet's contents and contributions to history, the work that went into each individual wedge, and the cultural resonance of cuneiform itself.
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It's an incredible archive of global history, although much of it focuses on the United States, with material dating back to the 11th century, and international archives like Renaissance and Medieval manuscripts, Babylonian cuneiform tablets, postcards from World War I Germany, and the first known map of Africa from 1460.
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Live Science combed through the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative&aposs(CDLI) database, the Database of Neo-Sumerian Texts and numerous journal articles, and found tablets from Irisagrig that are now in collections in Texas, California, Illinois, New York, Australia, Japan, Canada, Israel, Lebanon, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Germany and France, among other places.
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The 2,600-year-old clay cylinder is covered in cuneiform script proclaiming that Cyrus the Great, the emperor of Persia, would allow anyone who had been imprisoned or enslaved by his predecessors to return home, and that the statues of their different gods could be returned to their original shrines to be freely worshipped.
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Cuneiform texts are the first items listed on the International Council of Museums' "Red List" -- which compiles the most endangered archaeological objects and works of art in the most vulnerable areas of the world to prevent them from being sold or illegally exported -- for both Iraq (issued 2003, updated 2015) and Syria (issued 2013).
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The news that Hobby Lobby, in a deal that the Department of Justice described as "fraught with red flags" and against the advice of a cultural property law expert who warned the company that cuneiform tablets and other objects for sale are often looted, nonetheless bought over 5,000 artifacts in December 2010 is tragic.
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Jean Bottéro, who's also a gourmet chef, decoded the cuneiform text, which essentially cracked the code on some of the world's oldest known recipes, dating back to around 1,700 B.C. "[It's] cuisine of striking richness, refinement, sophistication and artistry, which is surprising from such an early period," Bottéro told the Los Angeles Times in 1985.
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Standing with a basket balancing on his head, indicating that in the presence of the gods the king was but a servant, and with cuneiform finely covering a long skirt, the figure of King Ur-Namma represents the perfection of a wax-casting technique, of which the exact evolution in this culture is now obscure.
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For example, cuneiform texts uniquely reveal much evidence about the roles of women in the ancient Near East -- including, for example, a female doctor, or azu-munus, working at Ebla in northern Syria some 4,000 years ago -- a city where we have a rich archaeological and textual record (now sadly lost to the war in Syria).
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Al-Rashid remarked on the forward-looking nature of the exhibition's conclusion: Ancient history and cuneiform culture remain a core element of local identities in Iraq, and the exhibition concluded with an important reminder about the local importance of cultural heritage, especially in the wake of over a decade of destruction through conflict, looting, and vandalism.
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These repeated Hobby Lobby/MOTB scandals — forced to forfeit thousands of looted cuneiform tablets that were smuggled into the country; purchasing a manuscript stolen from the University of Athens; discovering that several of their supposed Dead Sea Scroll fragments are forgeries — highlight the difficulties of acquiring a large collection of antiquities legally in the 21st century.
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We chide the ancient Greeks for relying on enslaved labor and the Romans for their imperial wars, but our own story, as we imagine it, still starts with those ancient city-states and their precursors in the Mesopotamian Middle East (basically modern Iraq), when some clever primates first planted rows of seeds, built mud-brick walls, and scratched cuneiform on a crude tablet.
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Inspired by Ms. Blanchard's cuneiform cookies, Esther Brownsmith, a Ph.D. student in the Bible and Near East program at Brandeis University who has been studying Akkadian for years, went all out: For a New Year's party, she baked four tablets of gingerbread, each on a 13-by-18-inch pan, and copied part of the Enuma Elish, a seven-tablet Babylonian creation myth, onto them.
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But, as with the prior series of scandals with which they've been involved — the forfeiture of thousands of cuneiform tablets and other artifacts smuggled into the country; the issuing of fake receipts for purchases along with tax evasion and money laundering; or the funding of an archaeological excavation in the West Bank in violation of international law — this is not really a loss for MOTB.
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With 120 objects that represent 44 different systems of writing from the past 5,000 years, "Writing: Making Your Mark" examines the intriguingly similar past, present and future of writing, showcasing a Mesopotamian tablet that has an early form of cuneiform worked into its clay, an ancient Egyptian monument covered with hieroglyphs and the ink-stained, slightly damaged quill of the poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson.
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The site they came from was Nineveh, an important city in ancient Mesopotamia, and the reason so many tablets had been found in one place was that they were the remains of a renowned library, that of Ashurbanipal, a king of the neo-Assyrian Empire in the seventh century B.C. When the tablets were first dug up, no one could read the curious-looking script, later called cuneiform, in which they were written.
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