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"circulating library" Definitions
  1. RENTAL LIBRARY
  2. a collection of books rotated among a group of institutions (as small public libraries or schools)
"circulating library" Synonyms
public library library reading room reference library bookmobile book wagon branch library city library county library lending library local library municipal library national library noncommercial library state archives state library town library traveling library book club school library

221 Sentences With "circulating library"

How to use circulating library in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "circulating library" and check conjugation/comparative form for "circulating library". Mastering all the usages of "circulating library" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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It included moving up to half the 2.5 million books in the stacks to New Jersey to make room for a new circulating library.
The stacks, which were to have been demolished to make way for the Foster-designed circulating library, have been mostly empty since 2013, to the dismay of some scholars and preservationists.
The piece was comprised of three screens placed along the Moore's first-floor staircase, the center of which displayed a series of 16mm Andy Warhol screen tests, on loan from the MOMA circulating library.
That proposal, which would have involved selling the Mid-Manhattan branch across Fifth Avenue and constructing a new circulating library (designed by the British architect Norman Foster) inside the Schwarzman building, drew substantial criticism and was abandoned in 2014.
The 100,000 square-foot renovated circulating library, designed by the lesser-known Dutch firm Mecanoo (with Beyer Blinder Belle), will not be without eye-catching design features, including what the library describes as the only free, publicly accessible roof terrace in Midtown.
Last year, the New York Public Library released plans for a total renovation of its Mid-Manhattan branch, the workhorse circulating library that has long been the ungainly stepsibling to the magnificent Beaux-Arts building across Fifth Avenue that houses its world-class research collection.
In many ways, the New York Public Library's renovation plan has been a step-by-step retreat from the ambitious and controversial $1 billion overhaul — with a design by the starchitect Norman Foster — that once called for moving the circulating library at the Mid-Manhattan branch into the main Fifth Avenue flagship.
The library was built in 1936. Previously, Randolph had featured a circulating library.
Bates, Geoffrey. "A Circulating Library," John Himmelfarb, Selected Recent Works, Kenosha, WI: Carthage College, H.F. Johnson Gallery of Art, 2009.
There was no circulating library in the town and, if there were, these were private libraries among the upper classes. Under these circumstances John made the acquaintance of a baker, whose brother was connected with Mackay’s circulating library in Edinburgh. The baker organised for boxes of books to be brought to Thurso, which was to John's delight.
It also created a new, independent body, the Adelaide Circulating Library, to take over the business of circulating books on a subscription basis.
It included engravings by G. Child and Nathaniel Parr. Astley intended his Voyages to improve upon the previous travel collections of Samuel Purchas, John Harris, and Awnsham & John Churchill. It was read by patrons of Hookham's Circulating Library, Boosey's circulating library, London Institution, Royal Institution, Salem Athenaeum, and Cape Town public library. Astley's Voyages was translated into German () and French ().
At the turn of the century the first circulating library opened in London and the public library became widespread and available to the public.
Mabel Elizabeth Emily Wotton (1863-1927) was an English writer.Troy J. Bassett, Author Information: Mabel E. Wotton, At the Circulating Library, Accessed 7 April 2020.
James McGrigor Allan (1827, Bristol - 1916, Epsom)Troy J. Bassett , James McGrigor Allan (1827–1916) at "The Circulating Library" was a British anthropologist and writer.
1863 Mercantile Library, Clinton Hall, Astor Place, 19th century Portrait of Ellen M. Coe, chief librarian, NY Free Circulating LibraryLibrary Journal, 1887 Astor Library, Lafayette Place, 19th century (later occupied by the Public Theater) Webster Free Circulating Library, c. late 19th century "A Free Reading Room, N.Y. City, U.S.A." 1891 Jackson Square Branch of the N.Y. Free Circulating Library, West 13th St., c. 1893 Apprentices Library, c.
The Warrington Circulating Library of Warrington, England, was a subscription library established in 1760. It became part of the Warrington Museum in 1848. Supporters included Joseph Priestley.
Around 1852, the group organized a circulating library of more than 1,000 volumes, and Lyceum Hall was dedicated in 1858. The group remained active into the 1890s.
C. J. Ladd, Mrs. Clark, Mrs. Cook, and Mrs. W. O. Cady, except that the latter would become the first librarian for the Winter Park Circulating Library.
Circulating library publishers were known for publishing anonymous works, and it is believed that many of the ones they published were written by women. Circulating library publishers were not viewed as favorably as other major publishers since they printed works that were considered unsavory by society. People may have wanted their works to be anonymous to avoid the stigma of being associated with a publisher with a dubious reputation.
Bates, Geoffrey. Exhibition catalogue essay, A Circulating Library: John Himmelfarb, Selected Recent Works, Kenosha, WI: Carthage College, H.F. Johnson Gallery of Art, 2009.Artner, Alan. Review, Chicago Tribune.
Two videos are show daily. According to the official webpage, these are: The library is currently a non-circulating library open daily from 10 AM to 4 PM.
Circulating library and stationery shop, Gulgong, Australia 1870. The increasing production and demand for fiction promoted by rising literacy rates and the expansion of commercial markets, led to the rise of circulating libraries, which met a need that subscription libraries did not fulfill. William Bathoe opened his commercial venture at two locations in London in 1737, and claimed to have been 'the Original Circulating library'. An early circulating library may even have been established in the mid-17th century; in an edition of "Tom Tyler and his Wife" in 1661 Francis Kirkman included a catalogue of 690 plays which he claimed to be ready to lend "upon reasonable considerations" from his premises in Westminster.
After leaving Salisbury Fancourt went to London and there established what was said, about forty years afterwards, to have been the first circulating library. A library conducted by him, in which the subscription was a guinea per annum, was dissolved at Michaelmas 1745, and he then carried out a new plan. This plan is described in the 'Alphabetical Catalogue of Books and Pamphlets belonging to the Circulating Library in Crane Court' (Fleet Street), 2 vols. 8vo, 1748, which he issued in parts between 1746 and 1748. According to this scheme for 'The Gentlemen and Ladies' Growing and Circulating Library,’ anyone might become a proprietor by an initial payment of a guinea and a quarterly payment of a shilling.
Chappell Hill Circulating Library is a historic library on Cedar Street in Chappell Hill, Texas. The library was founded by the Chappell Hill Circulating Library Association in 1893, due to the generosity of W.G. Foote, Jr, who donated the library owned by his late father, Dr. W. G. Foote, Sr. Dr. Foote was a Methodist minister and a professor at Chappell Hill's Soule University during the mid-nineteenth century. The collection was stored in various places for the first several years, until the newly formed Civic Club founded by local ladies decided to build a new library on Cedar Street (once called College St.) The three directors of the Circulating Library Association were Mrs. Fannie A. Campbell, Mrs.
185; Google Books. They had at least 3 sons and 3 daughters, including the novelist Mary Elizabeth Christie (1847–1906). At the Circulating Library, page on Mary Elizabeth Christie.
John Smith & Son is a United Kingdom academic bookseller, based in Ringwood. Founded in 1751, it is the oldest bookselling company in the English-speaking world. It was based for many years at 57–61 St. Vincent Street in Glasgow, which was also its principal retail outlet. A circulating library (established by Smith as Glasgow's first circulating library and Scotland's second overall) ultimately evolved into the academic bookselling arm of the business.
In 1947, Eva Herz, daughter of German immigrants, set up a book rental service called Biblioteca Circulante (Circulating Library) at her home in Alameda Lorena, São Paulo. The books were imported from Europe and their clientele was mainly immigrants. The service became popular and the circulating library started to borrow books from Brazilian authors, as well as to sell them. In 1969, Herz moved the bookstore, now called Livraria Cultura, to the Conjunto Nacional on Avenida Paulista.
He lived locally at Tiermaclane. Shortly before her death, Woulfe completed a sensation novel, Guy Vernon, including gypsies, scandals and two cases of bigamy.Author Information: Hon. Isabella Letitia Woulfe, At the Circulating Library.
This list includes libraries located in New York City active in the 19th century.Pre-19th century libraries in New York included, for example, the commercial circulating library of Garrat Noel, bookseller, c. 1760s Included are public libraries, academic libraries, medical libraries, church libraries, government libraries, circulating libraries, and subscription libraries. Spingler Institute, Union Square, 19th century Advertisement for Helen Williams' Circulating Library and Fancy Store, no.304 Bowery, 1840 Rutgers Female Institute, Madison St., 1843 Merchants Exchange, reading-room, c.
Born in London in November 1797, he was the son of Sampson Low, printer and publisher, of Berwick Street, Soho. He served a short apprenticeship with Lionel Booth, the proprietor of a circulating library, and spent a few years in the house of Longman & Co. Low began his own business in 1819 at 42 Lamb's Conduit Street, as a bookseller and stationer, with a circulating library attached. His reading-room was the resort of many literary men, lawyers, and politicians.
John Marshall was a late 18th and early 19th century publisher and printer in Tyneside, England. He also owned a bookshop and circulating library, and was a purveyor of tea, in Newcastle upon Tyne.
Emma Boultwood was born in 1838 in Greenwich. Her younger sister, Harriet Boultwood, also became a novelist.Author Information: Harriett Boultwood, At the Circulating Library: A Database of Victorian Fiction, 1837-1901. Accessed 7 April 2020.
JoEllen De Lucia, "Radcliffe, George Robinson and Eighteenth-Century Print Culture: Beyond the Circulating Library" in Women's Writing, vol. 22 (2015), Issue 3, pp. 287-299The Journals and Letters of Fanny Burney (Madame d'Arblay) Vol.
An English edition of Letters from Hell appeared in 1866, under the pseudonym of M Rowel. The translator was Rev. Mordaunt Roger Barnard. The book's title caused it to be banned by Mudie's circulating library.
Douglas Morey Ford was born in 1851 in Portsmouth, the son of the businessman and solicitor Richard William Ford and his wife Emma.Douglas Morey Ford. At The Circulating Library. 9 July 2019. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
The NYPL bought the Arnold Constable & Company building in 1961. The same year, the New York Public Library convened a group of six librarians to determine what types of media the circulating library would have. The librarians decided in 1962 that the new branch should be close to the Main Branch. Two years later, Arnold Constable stopped leasing the fourth through sixth floors, making them available to the NYPL, but the circulating library could not open until the NYPL had raised $2.5 million for renovation and $1.275 million for media.
Annie Cook"Author Information: Annie Edwards" At the Circulating Library Troy J. Bassett. 1 January 2014. Retrieved 10 September 2014. was born in approximately 1830, was married to John Edwards and had one known child, a son, born in 1859.
The stacks' capacity would be increased to 3 million books, and the circulating library in the Main Branch would be moved to a new 53rd Street Library. The circulating library at the Main Branch was ultimately kept for the time being, though the circulating library's single room soon became insufficient to host all of the circulating volumes. Subsequently, in 1949, the library asked the city to take over responsibility for the Main Branch's circulating and children's libraries. As part of the modernization of the Main Branch, newly delivered books started being processed in that building, rather than at various circulation branch libraries.
Matilda Butt was born in 1830 in Swansea.Author Information: Matilda Leathes, At the Circulating Library. Accessed 7 April 2020. She was the daughter of John Martin Butt, rector of East Garston in Berkshire, and a niece of the novelist Mary Martha Sherwood.
Emma Leslie was the pseudonym of Emma Boultwood (1838–1909), an English writer of children's books and historical fiction. She wrote over one hundred books.Author Information: Emma Leslie, At the Circulating Library: A Database of Victorian Fiction, 1837-1901. Accessed 7 April 2020.
Page 29. The Library Association. 1969. Print. Circulating library and stationery shop, Gulgong, Australia 1870 Private subscription libraries held a greater amount of control over both membership and the types of books in the library. Cheap fiction was virtually absent.Kaufman, Paul (1969); p.
John Boosey was a bookseller in 18th century London. He stocked foreign- language titles and also ran a circulating library on King Street. His son Thomas Boosey continued the business. The Boosey family remained in the publishing industry and in 1930 formed Boosey & Hawkes, music publisher.
The African American Museum and Library at Oakland (AAMLO) is a museum and non-circulating library dedicated to preserving African American history, experiences and culture on 14th Street in Downtown Oakland. It contains an extensive archival collection of such artifacts as diaries, correspondence, photos, and periodicals.
All of her fiction dealt with Christian themes; she also penned a biography of McConkey. She was named secretary emerita of the Braille Circulating Library in 1969 after her retirement. McCraw was named one of the Virginia Women in History by the Library of Virginia in 2017.
The couple had 11 children (5 sons and 6 daughters). In 1800, DeCew was a founding member of the Niagara Library Board, the first circulating library in Upper Canada. He also held various local offices in Thorold township, including the positions of assessor, collector and warden.
Later he set up The Monthly Mirror, which was mainly concerned with the stage, and established a circulating library. On the death of his mother Bellamy came into property, and retired from business. Seized with sudden illness he died, after four days' suffering, on 29 August 1800.
The Minerva Press issued works by Courtney Melmoth and others. Subscribers to Lane's Circulating Library (established circa 1774) included Leigh Hunt. Around 1799 John Darling and Anthony King Newman joined Lane as "Lane, Darling, Newman & Co." In 1804 Lane retired and Newman took over the business.
In 1863, Braithwaite established "Braithwaite's Circulating Library" in Farley's Arcade at the corner of High Street and Fleet Street. By 1867, he was also trading as a newsagent. From humble beginnings, the business expanded and moved, eventually becoming "Braithwaite's Book Arcade" at 38–40 Princes Street in 1883.
Samuel Hale Parker (1781–1864) was a publisher and bookseller in 19th-century Boston, Massachusetts, United States. He published musical scores as well as novels, sermons, and other titles. He operated the Boston Circulating Library, and was among the founders of the Handel and Haydn Society.H. Earle Johnson.
The adverse criticism attracted an unusually large audience, and with the considerable amount of money which was netted, they purchased the nucleus for a circulating library. Boynton was 20 years old at the time. In 1891, Ohio Wesleyan College conferred upon Harbert the honorary degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
John Mein (b. Edinburgh, Scotland; d. London, England) was a Boston, Massachusetts, bookseller and publisher in the time before the American Revolution. Mein started Boston's first circulating library, and with his business partner, John Fleeming, Mein published the Loyalist newspaper, the Boston Chronicle, the first semi-weekly in New England.
Fillmore was relegated to menial labor. Unhappy at not learning any skills, he left Hungerford's employ. His father then placed him in the same trade at a mill in New Hope. Seeking to better himself, Millard bought a share in a circulating library and read all the books that he could.
Minerva Press was a publishing house, noted for creating a lucrative market in sentimental and Gothic fiction in the late 18th century and early 19th century. It was established by William Lane (c. 1745–1814) at No 33 Leadenhall Street, London, when he moved his circulating library there in about 1790.
In 1794 a board of several interested citizens calling themselves the Newburyport Library Association established a circulating library, the Newburyport Library, in downtown Newburyport, advertising for subscribers. The booksellers had already been forming circulation libraries in their stores since before 1794 and these continued as adjuncts to the book-selling businesses.
It was torn down and a new building, similar in appearance, replaced it in 1844. The school building began to serve the community as not just a school, but as a circulating library. It became known around Hyde Park as the Reading Room. In 1856, construction began on the chapel.
At the time, the branch received 1.7 million visits per year. The following August, the Mid-Manhattan Library was closed for a $200 million renovation, and an interim circulating library opened in the Main Branch at 42nd Street. The Mid-Manhattan Library's collection of pictures was also temporarily relocated to the Main Branch.
Bates, Geoffrey. "A Circulating Library," John Himmelfarb, Selected Recent Works, Kenosha, WI: Carthage College, H.F. Johnson Gallery of Art, 2009. Himmelfarb exhibited with Sam and son, John, at the Bradley Gallery (Milwaukee, 1974), Chicago's One Illinois Center (1975),Haydon, Harold. "His Images Reflect Our Hectic World," Chicago Sun Times, April 11, 1976.
By the end of the 19th century, the town had two general stores, one drug store, one shoe shop, a blacksmith and wagon shop, two undertakers, one flouring mill, one saw and grist mill, and three tobacco factories. St. William Catholic Church of Knottsville had the first public circulating library in Daviess County.
The Winter Park Circulating Library Association's president, Eleanora Comstock, called a meeting to propose plans and start fundraising efforts. Pledges of $1,216 were received by February 1901, and land was donated by the estate of Francis Knowles. The library opened in April 1902. This also expanded hours of operation to every day.
" Chronicle Express (NY); Date: 03-10-1803Terms of Subscription to H. Caritat's Public Libraries. Weekly Museum (NY), 04-16-1803For context, see: List of libraries in 19th-century New York City located in 1802 at "City-Hotel, Fenelon's Head, Broad-Way.""At H. Caritat's Book-Store, Literary Assembly-Room, and Circulating Library.
Due to the success of Evergreen it was awarded the Mellon Award for Technology Collaboration in 2007 by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Since its initial release, Evergreen is now used in over 1,800 libraries around the world, including the highest-circulating library in the United States, the King County Library System.
Shemaroo Entertainment Ltd. was founded on 29 October 1962 as a book circulating library by the Maroo brothers (Buddhichand, Atul and Raman) in collaboration with Gangajibhai Shethias. The name of the company is an acronym of the founders’ surnames. The library was located at Warden Road of South Mumbai and opened three branches soon after.
Carnegie Library The library began with a reading room in the Le Claire Hotel established in 1839. Another reading room and circulating library were announced in an 1853 article in the Davenport Gazette. The library eventually leased an entire building. Although then named the Young Men's Library Association, it was managed by the community's women.
Until 1970, he collaborated on several occasions with UNESCO. He died in Venice on May 28, 2004 at the age of 91. In Padua he was dedicated to the "circulating library" and the adjoining hall- studio of via Portello. He left his library as a special fund at the Library of the Normal Superiore School.
Author Information, At the Circulating Library: A Database of Victorian Fiction, 1837-1901. Strong disagreement over Evelina's and her brothers' educational placements and religious upbringing precipitated their parents' divorce.Julius Millingen, Arbitrary detention by the Inquisition at Rome of three Protestant children, in defiance of the claim of their father, J. Millingen (Moyes and Barclay 1842).
Meredith spoke from experience; his first big novel, The Ordeal of Richard Feverel, was judged so shocking that Mudie's circulating library had cancelled an order of 300 copies. Hardy continued in his attempts to publish the novel: however it remained unpublished, though he clearly took Meredith's advice seriously.Tomalin, Claire. Thomas Hardy: The Time Torn Man.
In 1808, the library began as a collection of about 100 books by Samuel Morse. He was a portrait artist and had an interest in developing a circulating library. By 1852, the collection, entitled the Citizen's Library, amassed 425 books. The Morse Institute Library was instituted in 1862 by Mary Ann Morse, Samuel Morse's granddaughter.
In addition to the extensive Poets of Great Britain, he published book sets on Shakespeare and The British Theatre. The drawings and illustrations in these works influenced later publishers. He also ran a circulating library. In 1788-1789, he operated a type foundry called the British Letter Foundry in collaboration with punchcutter Richard Austin.
Together the couple established the Braille Circulating Library in 1925; its first headquarters were in McCraw's rented room. The library was funded entirely by private donations and consisted mainly of evangelical Christian literature. By 1951 McCraw was sending books, free, to nearly 1,800 borrowers both in the United States and in eighteen countries. McCraw began publishing novels in 1936.
Margaret Alice Houston Williamson was born in Scotland, the daughter of Protestant Christian missionaries Alexander Williamson and Isabelle Dougall Williamson.Timothy Richard, "In Memoriam of Rev. Alexander Williamson, LL.D." The Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal (February 1901): 55. Her parents were from Scotland,Troy J. Bassett, "Veronica King", At the Circulating Library: A Database of Victorian Fiction, 1839-1901.
He was recognized because of his incessant writings and in 1907, he became assistant librarian in the Philippine Section of the American Circulating Library. He initiated Act No. 1849 which created the Philippine Public Library. In 1919 he was promoted to curator of the Filipiniana division. Then in 1911 he was appointed chief of the division.
Russo worked as a librarian at Santa Casa from 1942 to 1950, working specifically at the First Surgical Clinic for Women from 1950 to 1952. In 1947 she received an award from the Associação Paulista de Bibliotecários for her work with hospital libraries. In 1951, she founded the circulating library Prof. Celestino Bourroul for the hospital patients.
Some citizens thought a circulating library with an annual fee was a route to go. Durrett did a study on why libraries that charged for the use of books failed eventually. He had the viewpoint that books should be made available free to use by anyone. He drew up a library charter and created "The Public Library of Kentucky".
Her Scottish father, John Kirkwood Leys, was a novelist and died in 1909.At the circulating library: a database of Victorian fiction, 1837-1901: Author: John Kirkwood Leys (1847–1909) In 1911, she was awarded a scholarship to Somerville College, Oxford. She taught History at St Anne's College, Oxford from 1919 until her retirement in 1955.
Some of them bear the name of the "Philomathean Society," one of two literary societies on the college campus. Over the years, the building wore down and was damaged. By 1964, its columns were collapsing. Descendants of the original members of the Circulating Library Association decided that it should be saved and formed the Chappell Hill Historical Society.
The firm of Misener & Lamkin operated a circulating library in Boise City in the 1860s. The firm, later known as Brown & Lamkin and then as H.H. Lamkin, managed the library from a bookstore at the Boise City post office. And a library operated at Fort Boise as early as 1867, but it was not a public library.
He read a vast collection of books from the district circulating library at his home and wrote short reviews and storied on them. Under the guidance of his sister and private tutors, he gained knowledge of Latin, French, German and various branches of science. His father, Benjamin Prescott, died in 1848 leaving his oldest son in charge of the household.
Books by Mail is a free personalized delivery service of library materials to persons confined to their homes due to physical disability, extended illness, or unusual transportation problems. Every two months a catalog is mailed to each Books by Mail patron. The books requested are sent by mail along with return postage. Patrons can also request any other circulating library materials.
Rachel Hunter wrote for the same circulating library readership as Jane Austen, and like the latter she might belittle standard novel conventions in writings like Letitia.R Rathbun ed., From Jane Austen to Joseph Conrad (1967) p. 39 Her writings were well known in the Austen circle, one acquaintance describing a state of well-being as "quite Palmerstone", after Hunter's Letters from Mrs Palmerstone.
Now and then Gordon loosely implies the reason Liz keeps getting caught up with intrigue over and over again, is that she is somehow psychic.Long, Manning(1942)Vicious Circle. Duell Sloane & Pearce, NY The books leave this possibility open ended. While Gordon is away during the War, Liz finds part- time work at a Circulating library Book Store, which they later purchase together.
The Monte Vista Library, at 110 Jefferson St. in Monte Vista, Colorado, was built in 1895. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. It was the result of efforts started by the Women's Literary Club, organized in 1885 "for community improvement and the establishment of a circulating library." The first library operated out of part of a store.
The first circulating library in Ocala opened in 1886 and was located in the Ocala News Department. It cost each member one dollar for a two-year membership and borrowing privileges. This establishment was followed by a library in the Hotel Ocala which was established by the Women's Library Association. This enterprising group of women pursued the option of having a Carnegie Library located in Ocala.
Shemaroo Entertainment Ltd. is an Indian content creator, aggregator and distributor, specifically in the media and entertainment industry. It was founded by Buddhichand Maroo in 1962 as a book circulating library under the name Shemaroo and set up India’s first video rental business in 1979. The company went national after it began content distribution in 1987, became aggregators and bought rights to movies for home video.
Anna Harriett Drury (also Harriet, 1824–1912)At the Circulating Library Retrieved 22 April 2018. was an English novelist who wrote "conventional romances, with a few sharp observations on the role of unattached women in their relatives' houses".Virginia Blain, Patricia Clements and Isobel Grundy: The Feminist Companion to Literature in English. Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present Day (London: Batsford, 1990), p. 310.
The hospital building features terracotta busts of several notable medical professionals. The structures were erected in 1883–84 following a donation by philanthropists Oswald Ottendorfer and Anna Ottendorfer. The library was the second branch of the New York Free Circulating Library, while the hospital was affiliated with the German Hospital uptown, now Lenox Hill Hospital. Both structures served the Little Germany enclave of Lower Manhattan.
In 1823, Shaw stepped down as librarian, and the King's Chapel Library and the Theological Library belonging to the Boston Association of Ministers were deposited in the Athenæum. Work was begun on a shelf catalog in 1827. That same year, the art gallery was established, and the first annual exhibition opened. Measures were undertaken in 1830 to turn the collections into a circulating library.
The Kursk State University Library was founded July 22, 1934. Today more than 60 people work in the library. The Kursk State University Library is a research information center for the libraries of state universities of Kursk and Kursk Oblast. The structure of the Kursk State University Library includes a circulating library, reading and electronic reading rooms, a point of issue of art-graphic faculty.
A few years before 1850, the town of Lancaster started its first circulating library. In 1858, a Reading Circle was established for the people of the town. They secured additional funding for the library after a November 1860 town hall meeting, and this library was in operation until 1867. Approximately 200 volumes belonged to the Reading Circle, which was housed in first librarian George O. Rogers' office.
The New York Free Circulating Library (NYFCL) was founded in 1879 and incorporated in 1880. Its aim was to supply free reading material and reading rooms to the people of New York City. Over its lifetime, it expanded from a single location to eleven locations and an additional traveling department. It was notable for the large part women played in its administration and staffing.
Shortly afterwards, classes, alongside readings and debates, were regularly featured. In 1835, the Association permitted women to join. In 1841, the organization renamed itself as The New Haven Young Men's Institute. A center of adult education, literary discussion, and civil discourse throughout much of the 19th century, it stood as the largest circulating library in the city and the site of popular lecture series.
The rapid expansion of the library proved to be such a strain on the resources of the American Circulating Library Association of Manila, the organization running the ACL, that it was decided that the library's entire collection should be donated to the government. The Philippine Commission formalized the acceptance of the ACL's collections on March 5, 1901 through Act No. 96, Act No. 96, 1901.
Trade paperbacks and graphic novels are the preferred format for circulating library collections, since these collections are created to be read, and not to be retained as collector's items or as investments. Attempts to catalogue and circulate single-issue comics can pose difficult problems and the durability of the trade paperback format is an important consideration for longevity and collection development in public and school libraries.
There were also spaces for telephones, a "library-school office", and a "travelling-library office". Room 80, originally the circulating library, is now part of Bartos Forum. The former newspaper room in room 78 is now the children's-book room, and the former children's-book room in room 81 is now the temporary branch of the Mid-Manhattan Library. Above the ground floor is the first floor.
John Noble (died 1797) was a bookseller and publisher in London in the 18th century. He issued works by Daniel Defoe, George Smith Green, Eliza Haywood, Jane Marshall, John Robinson, and others. As part of his enterprise he ran a circulating library near Leicester Square that stocked some 5,535 titles by the 1760s. By the late 1770s his business had been taken over by B. Desbrow.
GFS services included a circulating library and an employment exchange. The GFS published various journals including Friendly Leaves, Friendly Work and The Associates Journal. Publicity was also provided by Charlotte Mary Yonge, who featured the GFS in such novels as her The Two Sides of the Shield (1885). They also produced many plays and pageants, often celebrating women of achievement while promoting the GFS ideals.
In the 1970s, ALFA served as a space for a wide range of activist and community building activities. The organization published a monthly newsletter, Atalanta. It established the Southern Feminist Library and Archives, which held feminist, lesbian and activist periodicals as well as the records of ALFA itself and of many other feminist groups in the South. It also had a circulating library of books.
Beekman C. Cannon Reading Room Both libraries in JE are located in Weir Hall. At the foot of Weir Hall is Curtis & Curtiss Library, a non-circulating library of JE memorabilia. It was designed by Rogers and features stained glass pieces produced by G. Owen Bonawit. The two-story Robert Taft Library, named for Senator Robert Taft, originally belonged to Weir Hall and was given over to the college in 1965.
A Davison Bible exhibited in the Bailiffgate Museum. One of the first fully annotated bibles to be issued as a part-work William Davison (1781–1858) was born in Alnwick. He was a pharmacist, apothecary, printer, engraver/etcher, bookseller, stationer, publisher, bookbinder, librarian/owner of a circulating library, and stereotyper/stereotype founder. His main employment became printing/publishing but he was always dedicated to social reform through education.
The city also had numerous private libraries, such as the Astor Library and Lenox Library, but few libraries for the general public, especially for immigrants and the poor. One of the first general-public libraries to be established in New York City was the New York Free Circulating Library (NYFCL), having been incorporated in 1880, with its first branch opening on Bond Street in Lower Manhattan that year.
With this service, Mr. Will hoped to provide library service to every part of Yonkers. This helped increase the circulation of materials. On December 19, 1961, a celebration was held for the one millionth book circulated. According to Grinton I. WIll, by the time of his retirement in 1973, the Yonkers Public Library was the highest circulating library of its group (cities with a population between 100,000 and 250,000 people).
The green shield logo of Boots Booklovers Library with a cancellation mark. 'Booklovers' is spelled as a single word without an apostrophe, as is the word 'Boots'."The hyphen and apostrophe slipped out of use in the postwar period in the interests of simplicity." Dugan, footnote 1, page 153 Boots Book-Lovers' Library was a circulating library run by Boots the Chemist, a chain of pharmacies in the United Kingdom.
See Susan Esmann, "Die Autorenlesung – eine Form der Literaturvermittlung", Kritische Ausgabe 1/2007 PDF; 0,8 MB . Also during the nineteenth century the market for popular fiction grew, and competed with works of literature. New institutions like the circulating library created a new market with a mass reading public.See Richard Altick and Jonathan Rose, The English Common Reader: A Social History of the Mass Reading Public, 1800–1900, 2nd ed.
The Toronto Reference Library, centrepiece of the Toronto Public Library system The new Halifax Central Library. Young girl reading a book, Central Circulating Library at College and St. George Streets, Toronto, Ontario, circa 1930-1960. In 1779 Governor Frederick Haldimand founded the first subscription library in Québec City, Canada. Canada's small libraries were mostly held by rich families or religious institutions, and the general public was not admitted.
History of Oregon. William Henry Gray. 1880. pg. 378 Other business included a ban on hard liquor, the incorporation of Oregon City, approval for the Barlow Road around Mount Hood, incorporation of the Multnomah Circulating Library, and incorporation of the Oregon Institute. At the meetings John E. Long served as the recorder, Frederick Prigg as the clerk, a Mr. Shaw as the sergeant at arms, and two people as chaplains.
After several failed business ventures, Maggs took up bookselling, founding Maggs Bros Ltd. He traded first from his own home, but later opened his first bookshop in 1855 at 44 Westbourne Terrace North, Paddington. He also ran a circulating library and hired out newspapers. From Westbourne Terrace North the business was moved after several years to Church Street, Paddington Green, a site now occupied by the Children's Hospital.
At common law, a defense of innocent dissemination is available to a person who, neither knowingly nor negligently, had merely a subordinate role in the dissemination of the matter containing the defamatory statement.Emmens v Pottle (1885) 16 QBD 354. In Vizetelly v. Mudie's Select Library,[1900] 2 QB 170 a circulating library provided to subscribers a book on Stanley's search for Emir Pasha in Africa, which turned out to be defamatory.
He died at Harrogate, Yorkshire. His biography of Isaac Casaubon appeared in 1875; he also wrote about John Milton in Macmillan's "English Men of Letters" series in 1879. The late nineteenth century English author George Gissing wrote in his diary in 1891 that he 'was astonished to find [the biography of Casaubon] on the shelves' of a circulating library in the small north Somerset seaside resort of Clevedon.Coustillas, {Pierre ed.
In 1929 Wilmot had to find fresh means of making a living. He had of course made very little from his poetry. On leaving Cole's Book Arcade he bought its circulating library and carried it on for about three years, also doing some bookselling. It did not pay well and early in 1932 he applied for the position of manager of the Melbourne University Press and was appointed.
A succession of public libraries, known by a variety of names, served the people of Nashville. The early libraries were generally small, offered a narrow range of services, and operated on a fee schedule. In 1897, the Tennessee General Assembly authorized cities of a certain size to establish and maintain free public libraries and reading rooms. With this authority, in 1901 the Howard Library became Nashville’s first free circulating library.
She worked for some time as a schoolteacher before being hired as an assistant for the Loring Circulating Library. The Loring was a gathering place for authors and intellectuals at the time, and it was there that she met two women who became her mentors: a magazine editor named Mrs. Bingham, and the suffragist Mary A. Livermore. During this period she continued to publish articles in New England newspapers and journals.
Detailing in the Public Catalog Room The cellar, which is not open to the public, is located below the ground floor. It was initially used for a mechanical plant, and contains remnants of the original Croton Reservoir. The ground floor contains the entrance to 42nd Street as well as the temporary branch of the Mid-Manhattan Library. Originally it contained a coat-check, circulating library, newspaper room, and children's-book room.
By 1810 he was writing for a local newspaper, becoming the youngest person in their newsroom. During this time he also joined an early Mechanics Institute where he met Edward Lesslie and his sons James and John. Mackenzie's mother arranged for him to apprentice with several tradesmen in Dundee. In 1814 he secured financial backing from Edward Lesslie to open a general store and circulating library in Alyth with his mother.
The video for this show is also available on the Colour Sound Oblivion 16DVD set. "Everything Keeps Dissolving", "Blue Chasms" and "Elves" are otherwise unreleased. However, "Elves" was widely circulated on the bootleg Backwards, in its original studio form; That version, however, is notably absent of Balance's vocals. "Circulating" is a short version of the song "Queens of the Circulating Library", from the album with the same name.
Martha R Field Martha Reinhard Smallwood Field (May 24, 1854 – December 19, 1898), known as Mattie Field, was an American journalist. She usually wrote under the pen name Catherine Cole or Catharine Cole. She was one of the earliest professional women newspaper reporters in New Orleans, Louisiana. A champion of women's education and social justice, she also founded the city's first circulating library and helped found a number of other civic institutions.
Louise Harrison McCraw (February 1893 – January 25, 1975) was an American writer and philanthropist. She was the founding director of the Braille Circulating Library of Richmond, Virginia. McCraw was a native of Buckingham County, Virginia, the daughter of Emmett and Bettie McCraw. As a child she wanted to be a writer, and by eleven she had begun sending her work to the children's page of the Richmond Times-Dispatch; several of her stories were published.
The Canal Zone originally had minimal facilities for entertainment and relaxation for the canal workers apart from saloons; as a result, alcohol abuse was a great problem. The inhospitable conditions resulted in many American workers returning home each year. A program of improvements was implemented. Clubhouses were built, managed by the YMCA, with billiard, assembly and reading rooms, bowling alleys, darkrooms for camera clubs, gymnastic equipment, ice cream parlors, soda fountains and a circulating library.
Mudie originally opened his circulating library to give the public greater access to nonfiction works—which took up nearly one third of his stock—but the market value of the novel brought Mudie financial success. In 1842, he began to lend books, charging subscribers one guinea per year for the right to borrow one exchangeable volume of a novel at a time. At that time, other book-lenders charged between four and ten guineas.
The focal point for these early libraries, though, remained the Steine, North Street and the square that linked them, Castle Square. In this area were the Castle Square Circulating Library; Eber's; Minerva; Folthorp's; Large's; Loder's; and Wright and Son's Royal Colonnade Library, Music Saloon and Reading Rooms. Loder's Library specialised in scientific publications and had 20,000 volumes, and Wright and Son stocked 8,000. It also kept national newspapers and British and foreign journals and periodicals.
The building contains , has a seating capacity of 930 and contains over 530,000 volumes, with administrative offices located on the third floor. The library had a circulation of 1,915,548 in 2007, making it the highest-circulating library in Alabama. The Huntsville-Madison County Public Library received a federal grant from the Library Services and Technology Act in 2004 specifically to digitize photographs from the Library's Archives for inclusion in the Alabama Mosaic Project.
Isabel had 13 children with Mackenzie, but six died while they were children. Edward and John Lesslie opened a branch of their business in Dundas and Mackenzie moved to Dundas to enter into a partnership with the Lesslies and become the branch manager. The store sold drugs, hardware, and general merchandise while also operating as a circulating library. His relationship with the Lesslies deteriorated and the partnership was dissolved in 1823 after extensive arguments.
Dictionary of Scottish Architects: Charles Kinnear He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1860 his proposer being Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet. From 1867 he was Deputy Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright. During his period in office he is noted for reducing the number of public houses and establishing a free circulating library. He was a Trustee and Director of the nearby Crichton Royal Hospital from 1855 to 1885.
The book was based on Hawthorne's experiences as a Bowdoin College student in the early 1820s. Fanshawe generally received positive reviews. John Neal's magazine The Yankee referred to it as "powerful and pathetic" and said that the author "should be encouraged to persevering efforts by a fair prospect of future success." Sarah Josepha Hale, then editor of the Ladies' Magazine, advised potential readers buy the book rather than rely on finding it at a circulating library.
Established in 1969, the UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center Library was the first library in the United States to focus on the Mexican- descent population. Today, it continues to serve the needs of students and faculty at UCLA and around the world. The CSRC is a non-circulating library, though most materials may be photocopied within the premises. The Library's holdings consist of monographs, subject files, dissertations and theses, films, videotapes, audio recordings, and manuscript collections.
The title character, Polly Honeycombe, is a young woman who reads many novels from the circulating library. Her expectations for her own future are shaped by the actions and characters in these novels. She tells her nurse that "a novel is the only thing to teach a girl life, and the way of the world." Her father plans to marry her to Ledger, "the rich Jew's wife's nephew," who shares none of Polly's notions of romance.
The Society and Museum were renamed in HistoryMiami in 2010. In 2014 the museum more than doubled its space when took over the space formerly occupied by the Miami Art Museum in the cultural center. The museum operates a non- circulating library, conducts city tours, and has educated more than 500,000 students in the area's rich history. HistoryMiami Museum programs include exhibitions, city tours, education, research, collections and publications on the importance of the past in shaping Miami's future.
In 1902, Henry Dryden Crowe, a stationer in his 50s, took on Brash, then aged 27 as a business partner in his shop at 92 Heaton Road, Newcastle- upon-Tyne. By 1905, Brash was in sole charge of what he would variously call a bookshop, stationers and circulating library. Brash also later ran an "artistic stationers" in the County Hotel Buildings opposite Newcastle railway station. He published postcards of the Newcastle area as well as some of Yorkshire.
An engraved ticket for Francis Noble's circulating library in London from some time after mid-century. Augustan prose is somewhat ill-defined, as the definition of "Augustan" relies primarily upon changes in taste in poetry. However, the general time represented by Augustan literature saw a rise in prose writing as high literature. The essay, satire, and dialogue (in philosophy and religion) thrived in the age, and the English novel was truly begun as a serious art form.
To the front there is a two-story, gable-roofed bell tower and a gable-roofed Colonial Revival open portico. It was originally built to provide a place of worship for the First Presbyterian Church of Bridgeville. In 1917, the Tuesday Night Club bought the building. In 1919, the club's Literary Guild organized a circulating library and in 1964, the Tuesday Night Club signed the building over to the Town of Bridgeville for use as a library.
Pp. 21–36. The firm traded in the High Street and later at the King's Arms Printing Off & Library, St George's Street.British Book Trade Index As well as newspaper proprietors, they were stationers, bookbinders, printers and publishers, ran a circulating library, and sold patent medicines. Simmons was actively involved in local politics. He was elected to the Common Council in 1769, served as Sheriff of Canterbury for 1772-73 and was elected an Alderman in 1774.
This was published by James Nisbet of Berners Street, London (now absorbed by James Clarke and Co Ltd.). The fifteen pages were printed and sold for threepence a copy in Penney's bookshop in Frome. It was that shop and circulating library in 3 Bath Street which was the first premises in Frome to be lit by gas supplied by Edward Cockey in 1831. In the pamphlet she talks of seven years experience within a workhouse of 800 inmates.
Two years after his arrival, when his father found he was being employed as a salesman and bookkeeper, Spinner was removed from that situation and apprenticed to a saddle and harness maker in Amsterdam, New York. Here Spinner became a shareholder in the circulating library, and studied its volumes when he wasn't busy learning his trade. In 1824, Spinner moved back to Herkimer County, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. In 1826, he married Caroline Caswell of Herkimer.
A small wooden building with a veranda and an attached rotunda for musicians to perform in, "it was more like a club" than a modern library: its other features included billiards tables. It was enlarged in 1806, necessitating the demolition of the original building. By the end of the 1760s a second library had opened, also named after its proprietor. Originally called Thomas's Library after its proprietor R. Thomas, it was also known as Brighthelmston Circulating Library.
Paris branch, a Carnegie library. In 1841 Hiram Capron, founder of Paris and twenty-five residents formed the Paris Mutual Institute for the purpose of Lectures, Circulating Library and Scientific experiments. Later that year the name was changed to the Paris Mechanics' Institute so that the organization could apply for government grants. In 1858 Paris' first public library was established when a lot located at 7 Grand River Street North in Paris was purchased from Hiram Capron for $150.
Delany invested a portion of this property left to him and the interest went to charities. Delany also distributed prayer books to children on the day of their first communion. He started a circulating library and was responsible for the building of a church in both Tullow (1805) and Mountrath (1810). In 1807 Delany refounded the Congregation of St. Brigid, the Brigidine Sisters, and in 1808, the Congregation of The Brothers of St. Patrick in Tullow, County Carlow.
An engraved ticket for Francis Woods's circulating library in London from some time after mid-century. The essay, satire, and dialogue (in philosophy and religion) thrived in the age, and the English novel was truly begun as a serious art form. Literacy in the early 18th century passed into the working classes, as well as the middle and upper classes (Thompson, Class). Furthermore, literacy was not confined to men, though rates of female literacy are very difficult to establish.
The captain is able to smooth over the situation with his aunt, even after it is discovered that Arabella was six months pregnant at the time of the marriage. She later gives birth to a boy, who takes the Captain's Christian name and Ben's surname--the titular Percival Keene. The family moves to Chatham, after Ben is ordered back with his detachment. Arabella opens up a successful shop and circulating library below her house, enlisting the help of her mother and sister, Amelia.
The circulating collection of the New York Public Library (NYPL) was long housed in the Main Branch. The NYPL had proposed moving the circulating collection to a new branch on 53rd Street (later the Donnell Library) as early as 1944. While the circulating library was kept in the Main Branch, its single room soon could not hold all of the circulating volumes. The library asked the city to take over responsibility for the circulating and children's collections at the Main Branch in 1949.
Orr, "Introduction", xl–xli. No other substantial projects occupied her during this time and research materials were easily accessible; she even subscribed to a specialist circulating library to acquire books. She wrote to her friend Leigh Hunt of the project, "I am now writing French Lives. The Spanish ones interested me—these do not so much – yet, it is pleasant writing enough – sparing one imagination yet occupying one & supplying in some small degree the needful which is so very needful."Qtd.
2014 In the same year he published the "Religious Repertory", established a circulating library in the parish of St. Mary, Shandon, and attended the city jail. He was proprietor and editor of the Cork Advertiser. In the elections of 1812 he fearlessly exerted his influence, maintaining that, "in vindicating the political rights of his countrymen, he was but asserting their liberty of conscience". In the same year he was appointed president of the new diocesan College of St. Mary, where he taught theology.
But despite his success, financial dealings with the theaters were contentious. In a brief interval away from the theatre, he founded the Athenaeum, a circulating library and reading room. Payne was friends with Sam Colt and his brother John C. Colt, who was accused of murdering a printer named Samuel Adams. Payne was a character witness at John Colt's murder trial and acted as a witness in Colt's wedding ceremony to Caroline Henshaw on the morning of Colt's scheduled execution.
Charles Edward Mudie (18 October 1818, in Chelsea – 28 October 1890), English publisher and founder of Mudie's Lending Library and Mudie's Subscription Library, was the son of a second-hand bookseller and newsagent. Mudie's efficient distribution system and vast supply of texts revolutionized the circulating library movement, while his "select" library influenced Victorian middle-class values and the structure of the three-volume novel. He was also the first publisher of James Russell Lowell's poems in England, and of Emerson's Man Thinking.
The Old Steine transformed from an area of occupation to one devoted to recreation, in the seaside resort of Brighton.Architecture and Field/Work By the eighteenth century, buildings started to appear on the Old Steine. The first building to appear on the eastern side of the Steine was a circulating library built in 1760. The eastern lawns of the Royal Pavilion, originally built as a seaside retreat for George, Prince of Wales, were at one time considered part of the Old Steine.
She married her distant cousin the Rev. Thomas Butterfill Hosken, the Rector of Llandefaelog Fach in Wales. The couple had three children; her infant son and husband died of diphtheria in 1869 and 1870 respectively following which Hosken and her two daughters returned to Penryn to live with her mother.Hosken on 'At the Circulating Library - A Database of Victorian Fiction 1837-1901 As a widow Hosken wrote two anonymous novels, Married for Money (1875) and Bitter to Sweet End (1877).
Plane of Oviedo with the situation of Normal Schools and Museum in 1908 Of this headquarters it moved in 1889 to the Normal Schools, with a space of , formed by a playground and two rooms, one of them destined to archive and library and the other, to a living room of sessions. In 1902 the library opened to the public and to the loan, it turns into a circulating library. But the Normal Schools needed more space, so the library moved again.
Before the establishment of a library for students, students took the initiative to establish literary societies, that served as the source of literature and discussion of scholarly topics. The first one was the St. Aloysius Literary Society, which was founded in 1850 and six years later established the first student library. It was followed by the Aloysius Philodemics, the Philopatrians and the St Edwards Library Society. The first circulating library at Notre Dame was created in 1873 by President Rev.
The African American Museum & Library at Oakland. The African American Museum & Library at Oakland (AAMLO) is a non-circulating library that archives historic collections and reference materials documenting the African American experience in California. Among the more than 160 collections in the library are archives relating to Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, the Black Panthers, Africa, and genealogy. Materials include photographs, manuscripts, letters, diaries, newspapers, recorded oral histories, videos, and microfilms. AAMLO’s two galleries host changing exhibitions of art, history, and culture.
542 Throughout the next couple of years, Nicola moved the library to different spots before finally settling to Spruce Street and renaming it "General Circulating Library". With the help of his friend John Morgan, Nicola was admitted into the American Society for Promoting Useful Knowledge. By the following year, he became a part of the committee to help a merger with the American Philosophical Society. The merger was completed in November 1768, and Nicola was elected as one of the curators.
Mary Elizabeth Beauchamp was born in Butleigh in the English county of Somerset on 14 June 1825. The family removed to the United States in 1829, establishing themselves in Coldenham, Orange County, New York. In 1832, they removed to Skaneateles, New York, where Mr. Beauchamp went into the book business, to which seven years later he united a printing office and the publication of a weekly newspaper. In 1834, he established a circulating library of nearly a thousand volumes, which was very successful for many years.
Fasti ecclesiae Hiberniae. Vol. 4, The Province of Connaught" Cotton, H p151 Dublin; Hodges and Smith; 1849 and of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin from 1662;"The Succession of the Prelates and Members of the Cathedral Bodies of Ireland. Fasti ecclesiae Hiberniae. Vol. 2, The Province of Leinster" Cotton, H p153 Dublin; Hodges and Smith; 1849 and Dean of Elphin"Waldie's Select Circulating Library" p251: Philadelphia; Adam Waldie; 1837 from 1665"The Succession of the Prelates and Members of the Cathedral Bodies of Ireland. Fasti ecclesiae Hiberniae. Vol.
The Portsmouth Athenæum is an independent membership library, gallery, and museum in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, United States. It preserves and provides access to an extensive collection of manuscripts, rare books, photographs, artworks and artifacts, and digital collections related to local history and genealogy, in addition to a circulating library for its membership. As an intellectual center of the community, it sponsors exhibitions, concerts, lectures, and other educational and cultural programs. The building, dating to 1805, has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1973.
The Library at the National Guard Association of the United States (NGAUS) is dedicated to Martin and is named the Edward Martin Memorial Library. While not a circulating library, it serves as one of the foremost collections of National Guard documents and is ideal for researchers. Original volumes include a complete collection of NGAUS Conference minutes dating to 1879 and Adjutant General (TAG) Reports dating to the early 20th Century. The Library may be found in the National Guard Memorial Building, One Massachusetts Ave.
Upon returning from Europe on December 22, 1870, she established a circulating library in Boston and became a public school teacher, working in Trenton, New Jersey. From 1882 to 1883, Elizabeth was a member of the faculty of Howard University. She taught at Alcorn State University in Mississippi before moving to Denver. Ensley was the Denver correspondent for The Woman's Era, the national publication of the National Association of Colored Women's Clubs (NACWC) by 1894, when she reported on the first election in which women could vote.
Charles Boon was born on 9 May 1877 in London as the eldest of the six children of his father Charles Boon, who was a brewer's servant. Since his parents were poor, Charles Boon had a deprived childhood. His father died when Boon was only 12 years old, and Boon had to leave school and take up odd jobs to support his family. During this period, he also worked in a bookshop and a circulating library, which gave him insights into the sales and distribution of books.
Seymour Eaton (May 7, 1859 – March 16, 1916) was a Canadian-born American author, journalist, editor, and publisher. He founded the Booklovers' Library in 1900 which became known as the world's largest circulating library, and is credited with coining the name "Teddy bear". Born in the community of Epping in Grey County, Ontario, Canada, Eaton was educated in Canadian schools and taught in district schools for seven years. He became a resident of Boston in 1880, and from there went to Philadelphia in 1892.
The arcade was a compromise design because the city wanted to expand the street during the building's construction, while Walker wanted a larger base. The arcade was called "one of the most comfortable shopping fronts in New York City" when the Barclay–Vesey Building was completed, but because it was so dark, the arcade did not receive too much pedestrian traffic. Nevertheless, numerous enterprises were located in the arcade, including a circulating library. The Vesey Street storefronts were converted to office space by the 2000s.
Their slate-roofed house was built by James Chambers' father as a wedding gift for his son, and the ground floor served as the family workshop.Millhauser (1959), p. 11 A small circulating library in the town, run by Alexander Elder, introduced Robert to books and developed his literary interests when he was young. Occasionally his father would buy books for the family library, and one day Robert found a complete set of the fourth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica hidden away in a chest in the attic.
After some other experiments he set out for Dublin, arriving with two shillings and sixpence in his pocket. He first sought occupation as a bird- stuffer, but a proposal to use potatoes and meal as stuffing failed to recommend him. He then tried to become a soldier, but the colonel of the regiment dissuaded him—Carleton had applied in Latin. After staying in a number of cheap lodgings, he eventually found a place in a house on Francis St., which contained a circulating library.
Information retrieved from the commemorative plaque in the lobby of Teatro La Perla in Ponce, Puerto Rico. Its complete name in 1940 was "Auditorio y Libreria Publica La Perla". Former location of the Ponce Municipal Library next to Teatro La Perla in Barrio Tercero, Ponce, Puerto Rico, now (2011) serves as headquarters of the Ponce Municipal Band and other musical arts organizations Originally a non-circulating library, in 1945 the Ponce Public Library instituted a home loan system guaranteed by deposits. The majority of its readers were school children.
When John and Elizabeth Watson died in 1890, James Ferguson became the sole principal. In 1909, Watson and Ferguson commenced offering subscription and circulating library services from their Queen Street premises and, during the holiday season, at Southport and merged their business into a limited liability concern. In 1914, the business built a large printery and bookbinding factory on the corner of Glenelg and Stanley Streets with the assistance of the Municipality of South Brisbane. In 1919, the company expanded their business to include a cabinet making section to manufacture office furniture.
An eighth-floor dining room contains ceilings of as well as a skylight from which the Empire State Building is visible. On the Madison Avenue side of the building, the NYPL occupied an eight-floor condominium spanning from the 1990s. The NYPL condominium was split up into four units in 2012. Prior to 2020, the NYPL's Science, Industry and Business Library (SIBL) occupied five floors in the building, with a research library in the basement, a lobby and circulating library at ground level, and offices on three upper levels.
1907 Sanborn map showing the location of the Carnegie Library and Houston Lyceum. Julia Ideson Building in Downtown The Houston Public Library system traces its founding to the creation of the second Houston Lyceum in 1854. The lyceum was preceded by a debating society, a special-interest mechanics' lyceum, and a circulating library. The lyceum's library eventually split into a separate institution at the end of the 19th century. In 1892, William Marsh Rice, a Houston businessman and philanthropist who later chartered Rice University, donated $200,000 for the construction of a free public library.
Following the example set by the Busy Bees over a decade before the library association's formation, the group started to host fundraising events to support the library initiative. It was at this time that Cornelia Keys' residence began to serve as the base for the town's library. For the next three years, until 1905, the thirteen members of the library association agreed to pay monthly member dues, donate books, and take books home, much like a traditional circulating library at the time. The Lemon City Library plaque commemorating the location of the original library.
Wolfsburg Municipal Library by Alvar AaltoDas Alvar-Aalto-Kulturhaus auf der Website des Alvar Aalto Zentrums Deutschland e.V. Wolfsburg, retrieved Jan. 25, 2015 Professor Thomas Gram Bell Kelly was the first library historian to address the problem of classification and nomenclature of libraries in his book Early public libraries: a history of public libraries in Great Britain before 1850. Leeds Library (founded 1768) a private subscription or proprietary library, is also referred to as a public library and a circulating library, illustrating the need for a taxonomy that is not confusing.
Pigott's 1837 directory list's four libraries in Jedburgh. The first was "Easton Walter?" which was a circulating library in Abbey place. Miss Armstrong ran a library at the Old Gaol and at Old Bridge End there were two libraries, the "New Library" and "Jedburgh Library" operated by Thomas Carr and George Balfour respectfully. The first Carnegie Library still has a plaque in the High Street The library in 2018 On 4 October 1894 Andrew Carnegie in Jedburgh gave a speech about the new library which he had funded in the town's High Street.
The Beatrice City Library, at 220 N. 5th St. in Beatrice, Nebraska, was built in 1902-03 and was opened on January 1, 1904. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. Designed by architect George A. Berlinghof, who was then based in Beatrice, it is Beaux Arts in style. With The library's creation was the culmination of effort by the Beatrice Literary Club, founded in 1890, which built upon efforts by the local Woman's Christian Temperance Union group which established a circulating library.
With this motto, “The measure of the worth of an organization to its community, is bound in its ability to embrace opportunities for service” the Twentieth Century Club (sometimes referred to as the "20th Century Club") had its beginning in 1894. Mrs. Walter McNab Miller served as President for an original group of 84 women. The Club's name was chosen to reflect a look forward to the future and the beginning of the new century. In 1894, Club members started a circulating library, and in 1898 a scholarship to the University of Nevada was funded.
Orange County is served by the Orange County Library System, which was established in 1923. Before the opening of the Albertson Public Library in 1923, a circulating library maintained by the Sorosis Club of Orlando offered book lending services to patrons on a subscription basis. The Albertson Public Library was established with the collection of Captain Charles L. Albertson and the library was named in his honor. In 1924, the Booker T. Washington Branch of the Albertson Library was established to service the African American community of Orlando.
In 1800 an editorial appeared in the Augusta Herald pondering the creation of a circulating library for the city of Augusta. By 1811 citizens in Augusta began to meet to discuss the possibility of running a subscription based library at the cost of $10 per year. In 1827 the Augusta Library Society was incorporated by the Senate and House of Representatives of Georgia in General Assembly. On January 27, 1848 the Young Men’s Library Association of Augusta was formed with the goal of establishing a library and accompanying reading room with newspapers and periodicals.
The son of Gilbert Dyer, a schoolmaster on the eastern side of Dartmoor, he was born in the hamlet of Dunstone in the parish of Widecombe-in-the-Moor, Devon, and baptised on 14 September 1743. After working as his father's assistant, he was appointed in June 1767 master of the school at Tucker's Hall, Exeter, and was there for 21 years. About 1788 Dyer opened a bookseller's shop opposite the Guildhall in Exeter, and soon became prominent in the trade, in the west of England. He was noted for catalogues and a circulating library.
A high stringcourse runs beneath a narrow band of square windows on either side of the entrance. The interior has a central librarian's desk with flanking reading rooms, and original wooden shelving on the walls. with Vinalhaven's public library originated in 1887, when Governor Joseph R. Bodwell, owner of one of Vinalhaven's granite quarries, made a pledge to provide space for a library if funds were raised to establish one. A private circulating library was added to this early collection in 1890, and was established in Vinalhaven's Memorial Hall in 1895.
The Center, which is one of 17 remaining membership libraries in the United States, three of which are in New York City, maintains a large circulating library of 20th and 21st century fiction, in addition to many stored volumes of 19th century fiction. It also stocks non-fiction volumes on subjects related to literature. It maintains a Reading Room, operates a curated independent bookstore primarily featuring works of fiction, rents space to writers at low cost, and presents literary programs to the public. The organization also awards the annual Center for Fiction First Novel Prize.
That constitution, adopted at the board meeting of July 9, 1904, stated the purpose of the library was "To maintain a circulating library and reading room free for public use to the inhabitants of Southold, Bay View, Peconic and Arshamomoque School Districts." The second floor reading room of the Southold Free Library The first location of the Southold Free Library was in the parlor of the house belonging to Valentine Heubel (whose house also contained a barber shop). The library opened to the public on October 5, 1904 with Lucy Hallock as the first librarian.
It was Hookham's circulating library which Shelley used for many years, and Hookham had sent The Genius of the Thames to Shelley, and in the Shelley Memorials, pp. 38–40, is a letter from the poet dated 18 August 1812, extolling the poetical merits of the performance and with equal exaggeration censuring what he thought the author's misguided patriotism. Peacock and Shelley became friends and Peacock influenced Shelley's fortunes both before and after his death. In the winter of 1813 Peacock accompanied Shelley and his first wife Harriet to Edinburgh.
The Vancouver Art Gallery Library and Archives is a non-circulating library that specializing in modern, contemporary and Canadian art. Its holdings include more than 50,000 books and exhibition catalogues, 30 journal subscriptions, 5,000 files that document various artists, art forms, and works. Access to the museum's library and archives require a scheduled appointment. The museum's archives contain the institution's official records since its founding in 1931. In addition to institutional documents, the archives also includes files from B.C. Binning, and the books and serials where Bill Bissett’s concrete poetry was published.
The OJAC is also home to the Green Art Research Library, a non-circulating library with 3,000 books including artist biographies and works of art criticism and art history. The museum's Robert E. Nail Jr. Archives contain the personal and professional papers of artists included in the collections as well as genealogical resources. The OJAC is also home to SPOKEN: The Ardon B. Judd, Jr. Oral History Project, which documents the lives of residents of Albany and surrounding communities. Starting in 2018, it also began producing a series of mini documentaries.
Intent on creating a lending library for the community, this ambitious group of women held a meeting at the Congregational Parsonage, which is now the location of the current Rollins campus, roughly where the Archibald Granville Bush Science Center sits today. This was a time of male-only suffrage, and women had to content themselves with more “ladylike” pursuits, such as ministering to the needy and coming up with ideas for civic projects. All elected officers of the circulating library, however, would be women. The president was Mrs.
Murderer Robert Foulkes served as vicar of Stanton Lacy at the time of his crime, for which he was hanged in 1679. Victorian writer Annie Molyneux, later Mrs Annie Webb and then Annie Webb-Peploe, author of Naomi; or, The last days of Jerusalem (1841), was born in Stanton Lacy in 1806.The Peerage.comAuthor Information, At the Circulating Library, Database of Victorian Fiction, Stanton Lacy Parish (more precisely in Ludlow)birth and baptimal cerificates was birthplace of World War I Victoria Cross recipient, Able Seaman William Charles Williams in 1880 (killed at Gallipoli 1915).
It formerly contained a circulating library, though the circulating division of the Main Branch moved to the nearby Mid-Manhattan Library in 1970. Additional space for the library's stacks was constructed under adjacent Bryant Park in 1991, and the branch's Main Reading Room was restored in 1998. A major restoration from 2007 to 2011 was underwritten by a $100 million gift from philanthropist Stephen A. Schwarzman, for whom the branch was subsequently renamed. Since 2018, the branch has been undergoing an additional expansion that is expected to be completed in 2021.
Parsons-Galignani' established an English bookshop and circulating library. In 1801 the Galignanis started a monthly (in 1817 it became a weekly) 'Repertory of English Literature.' A third son, Charles Alphonse, was born at Paris in 1811; he died at Geneva in 1829. On the fall of Napoleon in 1814 the father commenced issuing guide-books and founded 'Galignani's Messenger,' which was at first a tri-weekly but speedily became a daily paper, and circulated among English residents all over Europe, as the stamp duty and postage rendered London journals expensive.
The organization established the Southern Feminist Library and Archives, which held feminist, lesbian and activist periodicals as well as the records of ALFA itself and of many other feminist groups in the South. It also had a circulating library of books. When ALFA ceased its activities in 1994, the archives and most of the periodicals were sold to Duke University and are now in the David M. Rubenstein Rare Books & Manuscript Library as part of the Sallie Bingham Center for Women's History and Culture; books on to feminist theory went to Emory University.
Nhill's Mechanics Institute began in 1884, and in April 1910 the newly created Free Library Reading Room and circulating library was opened. In 1911 the institution comprised a reading room, newspaper room, billiard room and a smoking room. Lowan Shire Council agreed on 1 October 1963 to join the WRLS, with the Free Library Committee giving whole-hearted co-operation. The FLC sold its library in Clarence Street to the MUIOOF Lodge to obtain funds to construct an annexe to the new municipal building to house the new Nhill Library.
The Parton Street premises, part bookshop, part circulating library, partly a centre for radical intellectuals and poets, was run on a philanthropic basis by David Archer, a Cambridge graduate and former Wellingtonian with whom Esmond struck an immediate rapport. Among the habitués were the poets John Cornford, Stephen Spender and David Gascoyne, the budding actor Alec Guinness, and the soldier- diplomat and writer T.E. Lawrence. The Parton Street Press was Dylan Thomas's first publisher. Whatever the outcome of the arranged meeting, Esmond had, as Ingram remarks, found a new spiritual home in which to revive his flagging spirits.
The first library in Benton County was a privately-owned circulating library operated in Corvallis during the decade of the 1860s by a resident named J.W. Souther.David D. Fagan, of Benton County, Oregon; Including its Geology, Topography, Soil and Productions... Portland, OR: A.G. Walling, 1885; pg. 336. Souther advertised in the local newspaper, the Corvallis Gazette the opportunity for subscribers to take advantage of his 730 volumes of "choice reading" for a fee of $5 per year. Planning for a public library for the town of Corvallis, Oregon began early in the decade of the 1870s.
Dutchess County Historical Society, located in Poughkeepsie, New York, was formed in Pleasant Valley, New York May 26, 1914 and received its Charter from the Regents of the University of the State of New York in 1918. Its mission is to discover, preserve and share the local area's history and artifacts from the time of its earliest people to the present. The Society's collection of documents and objects are maintained largely at Clinton House in Poughkeepsie where it has offices and a non-circulating library. It publishes an annual Yearbook, and occasionally publishes other books and pamphlets.
History of a library in Columbus, Georgia reaches back to 1832 when the Columbus Enquirer stated, "We have three churches, a theatre, a book store, and a circulating library." This is the earliest known library in the region until after the Civil War, in 1881, when the book and music clubs of the city merged to established the Columbus Public Library. The next phase of the library was concerned with the construction of a dedicated building to house the collection. In 1902 Nina Holstead, a Columbus native, petitioned Andrew Carnegie for funds to erect a library downtown.
All this time he ran a circulating library and bookshop from Montpellier. From 1837 he produced each year the "Cheltenham Annuaire", a local directory and diary. The Gentleman's Magazine, reviewing this wrote "This is a work elevated above the class to which it would otherwise belong, by the ability and good taste manifested in its accessories… The first [of a series of essays] is by the editor Mr H Davies whose talents both as an editor and as an essayist have been honourably displayed."The Gentleman's Magazine March 1837 He also produced a number of local guides.
They began their work by visiting patients at Bellevue and Harlem hospitals, as well as inmates at the Tombs, Sing Sing, and Blackwell's Island penitentiary. A religious confraternity, the League of the Sacred Heart, was established in Sing Sing in 1848. The sisters went on to establish a Sunday school for adults, followed by a select academy opened on 15 June 1848, and a poor school on 21 January 1851. They also oversaw a circulating library, which had a wide readership. A House of Mercy was established in 1848 to receive, educate and train immigrant Irish and local young women.
Seven-day schools have been established, with trained masters and mistresses, fully supplied with the best books and apparatus. A reading-room has been opened, containing the best periodicals of the day, and a considerable circulating library. The room is provided with fire and lights; is open every evening; and is much frequented by the labouring people, as an agreeable resort after their day's work. A large field, of not less than sixty acres, has been set apart as a recreation ground… Cricket, quoits, and other athletic games are encouraged; and the private band occasionally attends there on pay- days.
At the beginning of 1832 Robert's brother William Chambers started a weekly publication entitled Chambers's Edinburgh Journal, which speedily gained a large circulation. Robert was at first only a contributor, but after 14 volumes had appeared, he became joint editor with his brother, and his collaboration contributed more perhaps than anything else to the success of the Journal. The two brothers eventually united as partners in the book publishing firm of W. & R. Chambers Publishers. At the same time Robert ran a bookshop and circulating library from 48 Hanover Street with his younger brother, James Chambers.
Instead, she and Montgolfier created what the latter called a "choice circulating library" for "sound and healthy reading", geared in particular towards young women and designed to "develop and enkindle the soul, enlighten the mind, and vivify and direct the imagination". The pair also founded La Ruche, journal d'études familière, a monthly magazine dedicated to the education of young women, and co-authored a number of children's books. After Swanton's death on 6 November 1881, she was buried alongside Montgolfier (and her son, Louis Belloc) at La Celle-Saint-Cloud, France, location of the Swanton-Belloc family home.
Palazzo Strozzi Giovan Pietro Vieusseux The Gabinetto Scientifico Letterario G. P. Vieusseux, founded in 1819 by Giovan Pietro Vieusseux, a Protestant merchant from Geneva, is a library in Florence, Italy. It played a vital role in linking the culture of Italy with that of other European countries in the 19th century, and also became one of the chief reference points for the Risorgimento movement. It began as a reading room that provided leading European periodicals for Florentines and visitors from abroad in a setting that encouraged conversation and the exchange of ideas. A circulating library with the latest publications in Italian, French and English was installed next to the reading room.
The early part of Morris's confinement were the most trying. He was taken to the "New Jail" in Philadelphia where he "was locked in a cold room ... destitute of everything by cold stone walls and bare floors—no kind of a seat to sit on—all total darkness, no water to drink or a morsel to eat; without a blanket to cover [him]."Keefer 1947, pp. 21-22 Despite his meager accommodations, Morris decided to make the best of his imprisonment in Philadelphia by negotiating with his jailors to borrow books from the so- called circulating library recently established by Benjamin Franklin in that city.
In 1888, she wrote an exposé of the appalling conditions in the Insane Asylum of Louisiana (now known as the East Louisiana State Hospital). She also founded the first circulating library in New Orleans and helped found the New Orleans Training School for Nurses, the Women's Exchange, several local kindergartens, and the local branch of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Martha R. Field (1894) In 1892, Field embarked on a tour of Louisiana to report on the state's local attractions, receiving warm welcomes that attested to the wide reach of her vividly written columns. This tour resulted in a number of columns devoted to specific Louisiana parishes.
The next few years prove eventful for Miles, serving in the War while still publishing the paper. These issues included Upper Canada's 2nd and 3rd Statutes of the 6th Parliament. He marries Laura Spaford on June 22, 1812, opening a bookstore and tri-weekly circulating library, continuing to print and publish until 1818. At this point, tired of the political climate and the harassment by Robert Gourley, Scottish land agent and anti-Family Compact advocate, he decides to sell his stake in the paper. Alexander John Pringle and John Alexander Macauley (owners of The Kingston Chronicle) purchase and rename the paper, keeping Miles on as printer until 1821.
Sever has small classrooms and larger lecture halls, so it is mostly used as a general-purpose classroom building for humanities courses especially small sections, beginning language courses, and Harvard Extension School classes. Grossman Library, a non- circulating library serving Extension School students, was located on the third floor until Extension School library services were integrated into Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences libraries in the late 2010s. The fourth floor of Sever, unnoticed by many of its students as the central stairwell does not lead to it, contains offices for Harvard's Visual and Environmental Studies department. In the evenings and on weekends student groups hold meetings or run annual events.
Facts Authentic in Science and Religion towards a new Translation of the Bible which he had compiled was printed after his death. He left his personal library to the chapel and it was transferred to the new Bible Christian Chapel in Cross Lane. According to William Axon "It was at one time a circulating library, accessible to the public upon easy terms, but the books are not such as can be read by those who run." It was a scholar's library, strong in theology (including the London polyglott edition of the Bible, 1657), with some mystical works and books on health from the 17th century and later.
She supported the Episcopal Church and became known for her work among the city's poor, mostly in a self-effacing way, or simply through her checkbook. When her uncle died in 1897, Arents inherited approximately $20 million, which she used to transform Richmond. One of her nicknames became the "Angel of Oregon Hill", referring to a poor neighborhood in her adopted city which received many of her philanthropic efforts. She was a voracious reader and in 1899 established the Grace Arents Free Library on (224) Cherry Street in Oregon Hill, the first free circulating library in Richmond; the building later became the William Byrd Community House.
The $12 million restoration project included restoring the rosettes and supporting them with steel cables, as well as installing LED lamp fixtures. The NYPL commissioned EverGreene Architectural Arts to recreate the mural in the Bill Blass Public Catalog Room, which had “suffered irreparable discoloration, overpainting and water damage” during its 105-year history. The NYPL also replaced its historic chain-and-lift book conveyor system with a new delivery system using "book trains". The restored Rose Main Reading Room and Bill Blass Public Catalog Room reopened on October 5, 2016. In August 2017, the Main Branch temporarily started hosting an interim circulating library at 42nd Street.
For some years she earned an income from a circulating library, acquired with the financial and networking assistance of Lady Charlotte Finch, but this failed after 1811. She took in boarders, taught at Whitechapel Free School in Gower's Walk in eastern London, later served as mistress at Bray in Berkshire, and started a day-school herself. In 1818, she requested and received financial support from the Royal Literary Fund, an amount varying between two and five pounds. In 1820, at the time struggling to support herself with a parlour shop as well as selling tape and picture books for children, she was diagnosed with breast cancer.
He fully retired from business in 1875. In 1863, Field became vice-president of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, later serving as president in 1884. He was a founder of the New York Free Circulating Library and became involved with the New York Dispensary, the Roosevelt Hospital, the New York Institute for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb, and the Home for Incurables in the Bronx which Field helped found in 1866, serving as its first president. He was largely responsible for the Farragut Monument in Madison Square Park (an outdoor bronze sculpture of David Farragut by sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens on an exedra designed by architect Stanford White).
The limitations expressed in the terms of the original incorporation eventually rendered the possibilities of growth and effective work too small. To overcome this difficulty, “An Act to incorporate the New York Free Circulating Library” was passed by the state legislature at Albany on April 18, 1884. The first fruit of this new freedom from restriction as to its property holdings came to the library in shape of a letter dated May 12, 1884, from Oswald Ottendorfer, editor of the New Yorker Staats-Zeitung. Ottendorfer wished to give the NYFCL a branch library at 135 2nd Avenue (near 8th Street) with about 8,000 volumes, half of which were in the German language, the others in the English language.
In 1847 he formed a partnership to create Edmonston and Douglas, based at 87 Princes Street,Edinburgh and Leith Post Office Directory 1850-51 which lasted 30 years. On the death of his partner Alexander Edmonston in 1877 he formed a new company with Thomas Foulis, named Douglas & Foulis, which lasted until his death. Douglas & Foulis appear to have operated a popular circulating library in the early 20th century, which, for a cost of one guinea per year, a member could borrow one book per month, and for ten guineas per year 30 books per month could be borrowed. Douglas was for many years Editor of the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
The property where Town Hall now stands was first developed in 1869, when a local organization called the Mental and Moral Improvement Society built what it called the Atheneum, which housed a circulating library. During the last decades of the 19th century, the village grew rapidly, and by the 1890s needed a central place to house its various governmental functions. In 1892 the society conveyed the Atheneum property to the village with the condition that it maintain, in perpetuity, a library and reading room in the building and construct the building within five years. After the village had not been able to find a suitable architect by 1897, the society agreed to a five-year extension.
We then leave the pub to enter into the narrator's world. We know that the popular landlord of the place is named Ernest Biggs ("The Juice of an Orange"), and that his very amiable barmaid is named Miss Postlethwaite. Even though she appears in most of the stories, she is never given a first name, but we do know that she is very fond of motion pictures, and of romance novelettes. Every Sunday afternoon, she retires to her room with a box of caramels and a novel from the circulating library, and on the following night, she places the results of her literary researches in front of the habitués of the Angler's Rest and invites their judgment ("The Castaways").
Other rooms include a dispensary, two wards men's and women's, the latter used by the nursing sisters or visitors when not needed for patients; a wireless room-cum lounge with an open fireplace, that once housed the transceiver and a circulating library for the use of local people; a large kitchen with floor to ceiling cupboards and an adjoining pantry; bathrooms, toilets and sisters' accommodation. Sidney Williams & Co, which prefabricated both the 1937 and 1952 AIM hospitals, was a well-known steel fabrication business. Originally based in Rockhampton, it was active in the prefabrication of metal buildings from the 1890s. The Company began to expand rapidly around the time of the development of its Comet Windmill () with branches established in Brisbane and Townsville.
The exact date of the Lemon City Public Library has come into question over the last few years, due to confusion over the meaning and distinction between the words library, circulating library, and public library. According to historical records, Miss Ada Merritt arrived in Lemon City in the 1890s to serve as a school teacher and establish the first "school library" in Lemon City. As Lemon City's population continued to rise, citizens living in Lemon City began to form their own cultural engagement groups in order to bring more life to the city, and to improve life in the city as a whole. One such group was created by Ada Merritt, coined the "Busy Bees of the Everglades" this group of young women came together to raise money for the fledgling school library collection.
In 1904, a letter was written by the chief engineer of the Panama Canal Zone, John Findley Wallace, to Admiral J.G. Walker, chairman of the Isthmian Canal Commission, recommending that YMCA be brought to the Canal Zone. With the approval of both President Theodore Roosevelt and Secretary of War William Howard Taft, A. Bruce Minear, an experienced secretary, was sent to organize the association work in the Canal Zone. Construction was started on YMCA clubhouses in Culebra, Empire, Gorgona, and Cristobal, Panama, as well as in Panama City. These clubhouses were operated by YMCA for several years and were financed by the Canal Zone, they contained billiard rooms, an assembly room, a reading room, bowling alleys, dark rooms for the camera clubs, gymnastic equipment, an ice cream parlor and soda fountain, and a circulating library.
The newly established library consolidated with the grass-roots New York Free Circulating Library in February 1901. In March, Andrew Carnegie tentatively agreed to donate (equivalent of $ million in ) to construct sixty-five branch libraries in the city, with the requirement that they be operated and maintained by the City of New York. The Brooklyn and Queens public library systems, which predated the consolidation of New York City, eschewed the grants offered to them and did not join the NYPL system; they believed that they would not get treatment equal to the Manhattan and the Bronx counterparts. Later in 1901, Carnegie formally signed a contract with the City of New York to transfer his donation to the city in order to enable it to justify purchasing the land for building the branch libraries.
The WHSmith logo until the early 1990s, featuring the then- familiar cube of letters, revived in the mid-2010s In 1792, Henry Walton Smith and his wife Anna established the business as a news vendor in Little Grosvenor Street, London. After their deaths, the business--valued in 1812 at £1,280 ()--was taken over by their youngest son William Henry Smith, and in 1846 the firm became W. H. Smith & Son when his only son, also William Henry, became a partner. The firm took advantage of the railway boom by opening news- stands on railway stations, beginning with Euston in 1848. In 1850, the firm opened depots in Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool. It also ran a circulating library service for a century, from 1860 to 1961, and a publishing business based at the Steam Press, Cirencester.
The Legislative Building on Padre Burgos Street in Ermita, which now houses the National Museum of Fine Arts, would serve as the National Library's home from 1928 to 1944. As the Philippine–American War died down and peace gradually returned to the Philippines, Americans who had come to settle in the islands saw the need for a wholesome recreational outlet. Recognizing this need, Mrs. Charles Greenleaf and several other American women organized the American Circulating Library (ACL), dedicated in memory of American soldiers who died in the Philippine–American War. The ACL opened on March 9, 1900 with 1,000 volumes donated by the Red Cross Society of California and other American organizations. By 1901, the ACL's collection grew to 10,000 volumes, consisting mostly of American works of fiction, periodicals and newspapers.
As a result of these financial restraints, the Asylum did not open until 1891, 34 years after Sheppard's death, and thirty-one after construction had first started. It also left it with financial uncertainty, putting its long-term future in doubt. The future of the Asylum was greatly enhanced five years later when in 1896, the estate of Baltimore merchant, businessman, banker, steamship line owner and philanthropist, Enoch Pratt, (1808-1896) bequeathed a substantial amount of his remaining fortune, approx. $2 million, (after founding, constructing and endowing the city's public circulating library system, the first in the country, with the Enoch Pratt Free Library on West Mulberry Street near Cathedral Street in 1882-1886) to complete the construction and expand the asylum as originally planned decades before with the stipulation that the name be changed to "The Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital".
Before the Orlando Public Library came into existence, the Sorosis Club of Orlando Florida Library History Project maintained a circulating library for its members. This collection was initially on the second floor of the Old Armory Building on Court Street, and was subsequently moved to the Knox building at the intersection of Pine and Court Street. On May 11, 1920, Orlando citizens showed by a vote of 417 to 19 that they wanted a public library and were willing to pay for it. Albertson Public Library Captain Charles L. Albertson, a retired Police Inspector of New York City and a winter resident of Orlando, had for many years been collecting books at his home in Waverly, New York. In November 1920, Captain Albertson offered his collection to the City of Orlando, on the condition that it furnish a suitable building to house it.
By 1853, the Association had over 4,000 membersBurrows & Wallace, p.733 and over 30,000 volumes, and in 1854, the library moved again, this time uptown to the Astor Opera House building on Lafayette Street between Astor Place and East 8th Street. The opera house had closed its doors as a result of the Astor Place riot of 1849, and the building was sold for $140,000 to the Association, which renamed it "Clinton Hall" and moved the library there as a place which was more convenient to its members. At its new location, the Association offered classes and public lectures, including by Frederick Douglass, William Thackeray, and Mark Twain, and functioned as a cultural center. Membership during this period reached at least 12,000, while the library itself amassed 120,000 volumes, making it the largest circulating library in the United States at the time.
' The library contained two or three thousand bound volumes and about the same number of pamphlets; from a third to a half of the books and pamphlets consisted of theology and ecclesiastical history and controversy, and only about a tenth of it was 'light' literature. The house in Crane Court in which it was placed was close to the quarters of the Royal Society, and either it or the house next to it was eventually taken by that society for an enlargement of its own library. Dr. Cromwell Mortimer, second secretary to the society, was a persistent enemy of the circulating library till his death in 1752. At some period later than 1755 Fancourt left Crane Court, and, after several changes, moved his library to 'the corner of one of the streets in the Strand,’ where his various schemes finally broke down.
Since the library shelves and inventory were limited, the rules for borrowing material were that members could take out one book on Wednesday and Saturday and keep it for two weeks, with a one-week renewal. They would impose a 10-cent fine for non-renewals, and those who were not members would be allowed to take out books if they paid a $1 deposit plus 10 cents for each week. One year after the library's founding, as recorded in the minutes of the annual meeting held on December 16, 1886, the officers accepted an offer to move its operations from Miss Lamson's porch to a room in a building occupied by the Winter Park Company on the southwest corner of New England and Park Avenues. The Winter Park Circulating Library Association wrote its constitution in 1888.
By 2010, while renovations on the Main Branch were ongoing, the New York Public Library had cut back its staff and budget in other branches following the Great Recession of 2008. In 2012, a Central Library Plan was announced, in which the nearby Mid-Manhattan Library and Science, Industry and Business Library would be closed, and that the Main Branch would be turned into a circulating library. As part of the plan, over a million books would have been put into storage in the Research Collections and Preservation Consortium (ReCAP) warehouse in New Jersey, shared with Princeton University and Columbia University. Although some critics praised the plan as a move that would allow visitors to make greater use of the Main Branch's research facilities, a majority spoke out against it, with one editorial deriding it as "cultural vandalism".
This led to the announcement of a Central Library Plan, in which the nearby Mid-Manhattan Library and SIBL would be closed, and the Main Branch would be turned into a circulating library. As part of the plan, over a million books would have been put into storage in a warehouse in New Jersey. The plan was heavily criticized, and after a protracted battle and two public interest lawsuits, the Central Library Plan was abandoned in May 2014 due to pressure by its opponents and the election of Bill de Blasio as mayor. After the abandonment of the Central Library Plan, the trustees announced a new plan in June 2014, which provided for renovations to the Main Branch's stacks and the rehabilitation of the Mid-Manhattan Library. Dutch firm Mecanoo was selected for the renovation, and the NYPL's board of trustees approved the plans in November 2016.
OSA’s non- circulating Library holds books and periodicals in over 40 languages covering the period 1950 to the present, which relate to its archival holdings. The Library consists mainly of the library collection of the Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, the Open Media Research Institute, and donations from individual and institutional partners. It includes publications from and about Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, as well as books and journals from Western countries about the history, culture, and politics of the region. The Library also contains around 40,000 newspapers and journals on microfilm and microfiche. OSA’s Special Library collections include the London-based Wiener Library's Testaments to the Holocaust collections on the history of Nazism and the European Jews, the Prague Spring 1968 collection, Polish Independent Publications, US Government documents on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Publications.
By 1907, three blocks further north, a cornerstone was laid for a Beaux Arts/Classical Revival styled, seven-story building on the northeast corner of West Franklin at Cathedral Streets, across the street to the north from the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (the old Baltimore Cathedral) of Benjamin Henry Latrobe, (1806–21). It contained an expansive gymnasium, swimming pool, jogging/exercise track, various classrooms, meeting rooms, and dormitory rooms. Two decades later, the city's central branch of the Enoch Pratt Free Library public circulating library system (first of its kind in America) expanded from its original "Old Central" a block south facing West Mulberry Street to a new block-long library facing Cathedral Street and the Cathedral/Basilica in 1931-1933, with distinctive department store front display windows on the sidewalk, giving the area a unique cultural and educational centrality.
Like others, Barrow was politicised by the First World War. She applied for permission to attend the controversial Women's Peace Congress at The Hague in 1915, but was denied permission to travel. In 1916 she embarked on a long period of humanitarian relief work with the Friends' War Victims Relief Committee. After a brief period in France working at a quarantine station for Serbian refugees on the Frioul islands near Marseilles, she was sent was sent from Newcastle by sea to Murmansk to do Quaker relief work in Buzuluk, western Russia.Gatrell 2013, p. 58. She remained in Russia during the revolutions of 1917 working on feeding, clothing and medical programmes, as well as establishing occupational workshops, orphanages, nurseries for refugee children, and even a circulating library. The Russian revolution, the collapse of the Russian empire, and the ensuing civil war (1917–1921) had profound consequences for the displacement of population. In her autobiographical recollections, she reflected: Language and the need for an interpreter was a constant barrier for Barrow, who struggled to learn Russian even though she already spoke French and German.

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