The following is a list of published bryophyte floras covering counties or other local areas of Britain, together with a list of vascular plant floras which also contain bryophyte lists.
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There are three bryophyte extinct species evaluated by the IUCN.
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Small waterfalls of so-called "maiden's tears", run along copse thick bryophyte rocks.
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The moss genus Bryoandersonia was named after him by Harold E. Robinson. Some species, including Bryocrumia andersonii, also bear his name. In 1998, the bryophyte herbarium at Duke University was officially named the L.E. Anderson Bryophyte Herbarium. It holds approximately 260,000 specimens.
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Bryophyte Specialist Group 2000. Stephensoniella brevipedunculata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2.
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Bryophyte Specialist Group 2000. Skottsbergia paradoxa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2.
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Bryophyte Specialist Group 2000. Andrewsianthus ferrugineus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2.
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Bryophyte Specialist Group 2012. Luteolejeunea herzogii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2.
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Anthoceros agrestis, commonly called field hornwort, is a bryophyte of the genus Anthoceros. It has complicated taxonomies.
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Wild trout naturally reproduce within the stream and numerous bryophyte species have been observed in its vicinity.
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Bryophyte Specialist Group 2000. Sewardiella tuberifera. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 23 August 2007.
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Terrestrial Insects: Holometabola – Coleoptera Families. Chapt. 12-9b. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. 1 Volume 2. Bryological Interaction.
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230 ##Bryophyte and dwarf shrub tundraPisano (1977), p. 231 #Gramineous miresPisano (1977), p. 232 ##Tufty sedge tundraPisano (1977), p.
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It also includes around 2,000 specimens of algae, 1,600 of lichen, 4,700 of bryophyte and a thousand odd of fungus.
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Proctor studied botany, zoology and chemistry for his undergraduate degree at Cambridge University, then did research on rock-roses (Helianthemum). In 1956 he published a significant work on the bryophyte flora of Cambridgeshire, which embodied "the accumulation of Cambridgeshire bryophyte records begun by Prof. P.W. Richards in 1927". Proctor’s flora set out the history of bryophyte recording in the vice-county of Cambridgeshire and provided a guide to the main habitats. It was the first detailed account of the bryophytes of that county since 1820, when the third edition of Relhan’s Flora Cantabrigiensis was published.
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This collection includes approximately 2,500 species of vascular plants, and 1,000 species of Bryophyte. The collection currently houses one type specimen.
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Flabellidium is an extinct genus of moss in the family Brachytheciaceae. It contains a single species, Flabellidium spinosum, also known as the Santa Cruz bryophyte.
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One of the oldest known bryophyte is Pallaviciniites of the Devonian, discovered in New York. It bears strong similarities to extant thallus liverwort genus Pallavicinia, hence the name.
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Pallavicinia lyellii, the ribbonwort or veilwort, is a dioicous bryophyte plant in the liverwort family Pallaviciniaceae. Often seen in moist situations on rocks and soil, with a worldwide distribution.
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The classification of the Bryidae.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). .
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Treubiaceae is a family of liverworts in the order Treubiales.Crandall- Stotler, Barbara. & Stotler, Raymond E. "Morphology and classification of the Marchantiophyta". page 63 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology.
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Retrieved 18 May 2008. Iceland, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Sweden, Scotland"Hygrohypnum styriacum: (Hygrohypnum Moss)" ZipcodeZoo. Retrieved 19 May 2008. and SpainRams, S. & Oliván, G. (2006) New national and regional bryophyte records: Hygrohypnum styriacum.
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As with most groups of living plants, they are most common (both in numbers and species) in moist tropical areas.Pócs, Tamás. "Tropical Forest Bryophytes", p. 59 in A. J. E. Smith (Ed.) Bryophyte Ecology.
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Forest Plants of Northeastern Ontario. Lone Pine Publishing & Queen's Printer for Ontario: Edmonton. As a bryophyte, Dicranum scoparium has pluricellular rhiziods (root structure) which help with water absorption and anchor the plant to the ground.
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Encalyptales is an order of mosses in subclass Funariidae.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). .
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Encalyptaceae is a family of mosses in order Encalyptales.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). .
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Hypnodendrales is an order of mosses.Goffinet, B.; Buck, W. R.; & Shaw, J. 2008: Morphology and Classification of the Bryophyta. pp. 55-138 in Goffinet, B. & J. Shaw (eds.) Bryophyte Biology, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press.
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Macoun's shining moss was a large bryophyte with long greenish-brown tufts. The tufts were shiny and up to 6 cm long. The moss was hermaphroditic and capable of fertilizing itself. The plant was an epiphyte.
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The Funariaceae are a family of mosses in the order Funariales.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). .
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Conostomum tetragonum, or helmet-moss, is a species of bryophyte found in Europe. Shoots grow to a maximum height of 2cm. Leaves are shaped like narrow spearheads and sharply pointed. Capsules are nearly spherical and 2mm long.
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The most important area on the river is the wet woodland containing the most extensive fern and bryophyte growth recorded in the five parks surveyed. The woodland also provides the habitat for the protected species Hypericum hirsutum.
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Retrieved 14 May 2008. There are about 920 species of moss and liverwort in Scotland, with 87% of UK and 60% of European bryophytes represented. Scotland's bryophyte flora is globally important and this small country may host as many as 5% of the world's species (in 0.05% of the Earth's land area, similar in size to South Carolina or Assam). The mountains of the North-west Highlands host a unique bryophyte community called the "Northern Hepatic Mat", which is dominated by a variety of rare liverworts, such as Pleurozia purpurea and Anastrophyllum alpinum.
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Dendroceros is a genus of hornworts in the family Dendrocerotaceae.Renzaglia, Karen S. & Kevin C. Vaughn. (2000) "Anatomy, development and classification of hornworts", pages 1-20 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
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This is a list of mosses of Western Australia, with classification updated.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). .
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The Sphagnaceae is a family of moss with only one living genus Sphagnum.Goffinet, B., W. R. Buck & A. J. Shaw. (2008) "Morphology and Classification of the Bryophyta", pp. 55-138 in Goffinet, B. & J. Shaw (eds.) Bryophyte Biology, 2nd ed.
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66, no. 1, p. 155-198. It is a small green bryophyte that occurs in the Mediterranean region as far east as Turkey, and along the Atlantic coast of Europe as far as northwest Scotland.Rumsey, F.J., Vogel, J.C. and Russell, S.J. 2001.
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Males have wings with a wingspan of 14–16 mm, but females are wingless. Adults are on wing from May to July. There is one generation per year. The larvae feed on various grasses, Bryophyte and Chlorophyta species and lichen as well as Geranium sanguineum.
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These leaves are deeply divided into two or more filaments, a characteristic not found in any other moss.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). .
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Its position on Clew Bay gives the area a humid climate, with diverse bryophyte flora. It is a semi-natural woodland with the most prominent tree species being oak, with some willow, birch and rowan. There is also some beech and sycamore that were introduced.
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Eggs develop in archegonia and sperm in antheridia.Ralf Reski (1998): Development, genetics and molecular biology of mosses. In: Botanica Acta 111, pp 1-15. In some bryophyte groups such as many liverworts of the order Marchantiales, the gametes are produced on specialized structures called gametophores (or gametangiophores).
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Archidium elatum is a species of moss in the family Archidiaceae. It is native to New Zealand, where it occurs on the North Island and Chatham Island, and Australia, where it can be found in Queensland and New South Wales.IUCN SSC Bryophyte Specialist Group, 2012. Archidium elatum.
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Andreaeaceae is a family of mosses which includes two genera,Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). . Andreaea, containing about 100 species, and the genus Acroschisma.
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Elsa Nyholm's name is particularly associated with her two grand moss floras, the Illustrated Moss Flora of Fennoscandia and Illustrated Flora of Nordic Mosses. She had a lasting and fruitful collaboration with the British bryologist Alan Crundwell. The bryophyte genus Nyholmiella (Orthotrichaceae) is named in her honour.
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Tylimanthus pseudosaccatus is a bryophyte, a species from the liverwort family Acrobolbaceae. The family grows on logs, rocks, and soil. Under certain circumstances, however, they are epiphyte, growing on other plant species.Jarman, S.J. & Fuhrer, B.A., Mosses and liverworts of rainforests in Tasmania and south-eastern Australia.
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Omphalina in the modern sense is a small genus of bryophyte colonizing mushrooms. They grow on mossy burned soils and in undisturbed mossy areas in Arctic, Antarctic, alpine and rural and urban sites. Many other bryophilous mushrooms occur in such habitats but they have other characteristics.
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Ribbed bog moss is a habitat generalist. It was, for example, 1 of 6 mosses having broad ecological amplitude in a survey of bryophyte habitats on peatlands across Alberta's Mackenzie River basin. Ribbed bog moss tolerates a wide range of moisture levels, substrates, nutrient loads, terrain, and climates.
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The nunatak areas have a scarcity of flora, limited to lichen, bryophyte and algae. Flowering plants are not found there. The Norwegian Polar Institute has not registered the occurrence of any threatened or rare plants or animals in Queen Maud Land, the known ones thus existing in healthy populations.
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Alder grow along the sides of streams, particularly in The Tuffs. Barbadoes Wood has a particular rich ground flora which includes ferns and saxifrages. There is hornbeam and alder buckthorn, both localised to the Wye Valley. There is an important bryophyte flora with a significant number recorded to date.
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Jensenia is a bryophyte plant genus in the liverwort family Pallaviciniaceae. It has been treated as a subgenus of Pallavicinia by several authors, though a set of features seems to set it apart as a genus. The six or seven species of the genus belong to a southern, possibly Gondwana element.
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While it is a common characteristic in mosses, B. argenteum was one of the first bryophytes experimentally determined to be desiccation tolerant.Gao B, Li X, Zhang D, et al. Desiccation tolerance in bryophytes: The dehydration and rehydration transcriptomes in the desiccation- tolerant bryophyte Bryum argenteum. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):7571.
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Nance Wood is a woodland Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) near Portreath, west Cornwall. The site was first notified in 1951 for its almost pure dwarf, sessile oak (Quercus petraea) coppiced woodland, good bryophyte flora and Irish spurge (Euphorbia hyberna), which is found in only two localities in Britain.
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Kürschner, H. 2000. Bryophyte flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra. Bryophytorum Bibliotheca 55: 1–131. ;SpeciesThe Plant List, search for ExormothecaDiscover Life, Exormotheca # Exormotheca bischlerae Furuki & Higuchi \- China #Exormotheca bulbigena Bornefeld, O.H. Volk & R. Wolf \- Namibia #Exormotheca bullosa (Stephani) K. Müller \- Portugal #Exormotheca ceylonensis Meijer \- Sri Lanka # Exormotheca holstii Steph.
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Schistidium antarctici is a species of moss found in Antarctica and subantarctic islands. It lives in compact clumps that are yellowish green at the top and brownish black at the bottom. It grows on both soil and rocks. In the Windmill Islands area of Wilkes Land, Schistidium antarctici is the most common bryophyte.
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Bryophyte is a traditional name used to refer to all embryophytes (land plants) that do not have true vascular tissue and are therefore called "non- vascular plants". Some bryophytes do have specialised tissues for the transport of water; however, since these do not contain lignin, they are not considered true vascular tissue.
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This forest has an understory of Ericaceae with shrubs and epiphytic species of rhododendron and vaccinium. Species of Lauraceae, with Ericaceae and Oleaceae (at higher elevations with taxa in the Fagaceae, Primulaceae (formerly Myrsinaceae) and Araliaceae) are also recorded. Most of the tree trunks are covered with bryophyte mosses in this zone.
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Traditionally, the liverworts were grouped together with other bryophytes (mosses and hornworts) in the Division Bryophyta, within which the liverworts made up the class Hepaticae (also called Marchantiopsida).Crandall-Stotler, Barbara. & Stotler, Raymond E. "Morphology and classification of the Marchantiophyta". pp. 36–38 in A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology.
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Permian bryophyte genera are also found, such as Uskatia and Bajdaievia. Carbonated springs are thought to have formed three calcareous banks during times of low decomposition. The Lomas member (13 meters thick) contains sandstone, which is medium to coarse-grained and ranges in color from yellowish to dark greenish, crowning the formation.
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This includes the King's lomatia (Lomatia tasmanica) which has been listed as endangered while others such as the blown grass (Agrostis aequata), Spring peppercress (Lepidium flexicaule) and Dune buttercup (Ranunculus acaulis) are rare. The park is also home to several vascular species of plant that are endemic and or endangered, yet even with the research undertaken, very little is known about the non-vascular or bryophyte species such as mosses, hornworts etcetera. To date up to 128 species have been recorded which again represents 20 percent of the total bryophyte population in Tasmania. Of these six are endemic to the national park, and as noted by Parks and Wildlife Tasmania, eight have also been listed for conservation assessment (that is, whether they are vulnerable, endangered etcetera).
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It is particularly important for its 'ephemeral bryophyte' mosses (such as the rare Physcomitrium sphaericum) and liverworts (Ricca glauca and Fossombronia wondraczekii). The area is a rich habitat for birdlife including the great crested grebe, little ringed plover, snipe and lapwing. Combs Sailing Club has used the reservoir for sailing training and racing since 1950.
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Nearly all land plants have alternating diploid and haploid generations. Gametes are produced by the gametophyte, which is the haploid generation. The female gametophyte produces structures called archegonia, and the egg cells form within them via mitosis. The typical bryophyte archegonium consists of a long neck with a wider base containing the egg cell.
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A possible phylogeny for Horneophyton is shown below (based on Crane et al. for the polysporangiophytes and Qiu et al. for the bryophytes. With vascular tissue but bryophyte-like vascular tissue and sporangia, the organism has been considered a missing link between the hornworts and the vascular plants or tracheophytes (which molecular data suggest are sister groups).
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The conduction cells of mosses, leptoids and hydroids, appear similar to those of fossil protracheophytes. However they are not thought to represent an intermediate stage in the evolution of plant vascular tissues but to have had an independent evolutionary origin.Renzaglia, K.S., Schette, S. and Duff, R.J. (2007) Bryophyte phylogeny: advancing the molecular and morphological frontiers. Bryologist, 110, 179-213.
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Hexagonocaulon is an extinct genus of bryophyte that lived during the Middle Triassic. Its fossils have been found throughout the Southern Hemisphere, including the Antarctic Peninsula. The plant is believed to have been small in size and to have reproduced through spores. Of the bryophytes, Hexagonocaulon is considered to be most closely related to the liverworts.
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Norris is the namesake of two genera: Bryonorrisia and Timodania; 1 flowering plant species: Brongniartia norrisii; and 12 bryophyte species: Aphanolejeunea norrisii, Codriophorus norrisii, Didymodon norrisii, Lepicolea norrisii, Macromitrium norrisianum, Orthotrichum norrisii, Pogonatum norrisii, Radula norrisii, Scopelophila norrisii, Trematodon norrisii, Orthotrichum norrisii, and Trematodon norrisii. The daylily cultivar Hemerocallis 'Daniel Howard Norris' also bears his name.
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The herbarium is the largest in Spain and now contains over a million specimens from around the world. The oldest material consists of plants collected during scientific expeditions undertaken in the 18th and 19th centuries. As at 2016 the online herbarium's databases currently contain detailed information about all the specimens in the algae, bryophyte, lichen and fungi collections.
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The parish lies between the Brendon Hills and the River Tone. Hurstone Farm Woodlands in Waterrow is a woodland on the banks of the River Tone, which has been designated as a local nature reserve. The woodland, hedgerows and open grassland provide a habitat for dormice, otter and several bat species. Bryophyte species include black spleenwort.
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The gametophyte is the first and dominant phase of two alternating phases in a bryophyte's life cycle. This part of the life cycle consists of protonema (the preliminary stage where the propagule develops green thread-like filaments), the rhizoids (filaments growing beneath the bryophyte that help anchor the bryophyte to its substratum), the stem, the leaves, its reproductive structure (archegonium in female plants, antheridium in male plants), and the calyptra (a thin tissue that forms from the venter of an archegonium and protects the sporangium as it develops). Pogonatum urnigerum has a wine-red stem. A leaf of P. urnigerium measures 2.5-6mm in length and consists of a unistratose lamina with many lamellae on the upper surface (adaxial side) of the leaf (30-46 lamellae stacked with pillars of 4-7 cells each).
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In North America it is found in Washington state and British Columbia on the west coast and from Newfoundland to Ohio to the east."Bryophyte Flora of North America: Tetrodontium brownianum" efloras.org. Retrieved 1 June 2008. It is also present in Austria, France, Germany, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom as well as Japan, New Zealand and Chile.
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Sea holly and sand sedge are other specialists of this arid habitat, and petalwort is a nationally rare bryophyte found on damper dunes. Retrieved 22 August 2012. Bird's-foot trefoil, pyramidal orchid, bee orchid, lesser centaury and carline thistle flower on the more stable dunes, Retrieved 18 August 2012. where the rare Jersey cudweed and grey hair- grass are also found.
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As a result of the glen's flora and fauna it was designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest in 1985. The damp shade provided by the glen supports a rich bryophyte flora, including two rare liverworts Jubula hutchinsiae and Trichocolea tomentella, and the mosses Fissidens curnovii and Fissidens osmundoides. Dippers (Cinclus cinclus) also nest in the rocks near Saint Nectan's Kieve.
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In the Bryophyte land plants, fertilisation takes place within the archegonium. This moss has been genetically modified so that the unfertilised egg within the archegonium produces a blue colour. The gametes that participate in fertilisation of plants are the pollen (male), and the egg (female) cell. Various families of plants have differing methods by which the female gametophyte is fertilized.
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There are two forms of asexual reproduction in this species. The first is fragmentation where the bryophyte is broken into completely separate pieces and grows to become a new individual from the parent plant. The second method is regeneration from caducous organs. This is when the organs of the plant such as leaves, shoots, leaf apices, and branches detach from the parent shoot.
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Plantlife in Mile Run Wild trout naturally reproduce in Mile Run for a total of of its length. The trout species in the stream is brook trout. A variety of bryophyte species were observed in the vicinity of Mile Run on July 29, 1995. Approximately 20 species were observed, including Hygroamblystegium tenax, Hypnum pallescens, Platyhypnidium riparioides, Platylomella lescurii, Hypnum lindbergii, and numerous others.
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Ptilidium ciliare is commonly found in lowland to upland habitats such as acidic grassland, rocky slopes, cliff ledges, screes, wall tops, dwarf shrub heaths, bogs, sand dunes and heathy woodlands. It is usually seen growing amongst a mixture of other bryophyte species. Well-drained and acidic substrates are the preferred growth medium of this species. It rarely grows on fallen logs and branches.
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These include various orchids (such as early purple orchid (Orchis mascula), dark-red helleborine (Epipactis atrorubens) and fly orchid (Ophrys insectifera)), common rockrose (Helianthemum nummularium), spring cinquefoil (Helianthemum nummularium) and grass of parnassus (Parnassia palustris). Specialised communities of plants occur on former lead workings, where typical metallophyte species include spring sandwort (Minuartia verna), alpine penny- cress (Thlaspi caerulescens) (both known locally in Derbyshire as Leadwort), as well as mountain pansy (Viola lutea) and moonwort (Botrychium lunaria). As at 2015, Derbyshire contains 304 vascular plant species now designate as either of international, national or local conservation concern because of their rarity or recent declines, and are collectively listed as Derbyshire Red Data plants. Work on recording and publishing a bryophyte flora for Derbyshire is still ongoing; as at 2012 a total of 518 bryophyte species had been recorded for the county.
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Westerham Wood is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Westerham in Kent. This ancient oak wood on Gault Clay is traditionally managed, and it has a diverse ground flora and an outstanding range of breeding birds. The insect fauna is also diverse, and 77 bryophyte and nearly 300 fungus species have been recorded. The site is private land with no public access.
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Species with restricted Atlantic distributions grow in the woods. The bryophytes in these woods are perhaps the best-developed Atlantic bryophyte community in Europe. The remote Glaism na Marbh valley has a particularly rich flora of bryophytes, some of which are scarce or absent in other parts of the woods. Mosses, ferns and liverworts frequently occur as epiphytes, attached to the trunks and branches of oak trees.
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In Bryophyte land plants, fertilisation takes place within the archegonium. In flowering plants a second fertilisation event involves another sperm cell and the central cell which is a second female gamete. In flowering plants there are two sperm from each pollen grain. In seed plants, after pollination, a pollen grain germinates, and a pollen tube grows and penetrates the ovule through a tiny pore called a micropyle.
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Sedges and grasses dominate the vascular plants, with 53 species of the former and 47 of the latter. Of dicotyledonous plants, the commonest family is the Asteraceae (daisy family), followed by the Caryophyllaceae (carnation family). There are around 560 species of bryophyte (mosses and liverworts), 550 species of lichen and 1,200 species of fungi, with both lichen and fungi being similar to those found in Scandinavia.
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Plants also differ in their palatability to herbivores. At high densities of herbivores, plants that are highly selected as browse may be missing small and large individuals from the population. At the community level, intense browsing by deer in forests leads to reductions in the abundance of palatable understory herbaceous shrubs, and increases in graminoid and bryophyte abundance which are released from competition for light.
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Plagiomnium medium, commonly known as Alpine thyme-moss or intermediate plagiomnium moss, is a moss found in montane habitats in the Northern Hemisphere. Research published in 1988 showed that is a hybrid of P. ellipticum and P. insigne via an allopolyploid process, previously considered to be absent in bryophyte evolution.Wyatt, Robert et al. (1988) "Allopolyploidy in bryophytes: Multiple origins of Plagiomnium medium" PNAS 85 pp. 5601-04.
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Mason Hale Jr. grew up on a farm outside of Winsted, Connecticut. He had an affinity towards biology from experiences from living on his family's farm. As an undergraduate, Hale wanted to be a linguist, but was not able to take specialized classes. Instead, he earned an undergraduate degree studying biology at Yale University, where he studied lichens under Alexander W. Evans, a bryophyte and lichen expert.
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Physcomitrium pyriforme, commonly known as common bladder-moss, is a bryophyte native to all continents except South America and Antarctica. Its capsules mature beginning in late fall and through the spring. It is most commonly found in wet soils in disturbed locations. A highly variable species, size, leaf characters and shape of the capsule vary across its range, but often within populations as well.
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Majority of the Plagiomnium venustum species have been recorded in British Columbia, Canada and Oregon, United States, making it a Pacific Coast Bryophyte. However, some have also been found in Washington, Idaho, and Montana, United States. They are most common on low to moderate elevations. This moss likes to grow in moist soil of forest floors, on tree trunks, rotten tree logs, and on rocks and cliffs.
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The closest relatives of A. bryophila appear to be Alsophila brooksii, Alsophila hotteana and Alsophila minor. The specific epithet bryophila, meaning "bryophyte loving", refers to the fact that this species is commonly encountered in mossy forest. A. bryophila may be cultivated, although it requires consistently cool and moist conditions to do well. It is apparently more susceptible to insect damage than most other species.
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In 1990, Norris was awarded with an honorary Ph.D. by the University of Helsinki. After his retirement in 1991, he transferred his extensive brylogical collection to the University of California, Berkeley to continue his research. Throughout his lifetime, Norris collected about 116,000 bryophyte specimens. His main areas of focus were in California and Papua New Guinea, however, he made major collections on every continent other than Antarctica.
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Burton Common is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south of Bransgore in Hampshire. This dry heath has over-mature heather with a rich bryophyte and lichen flora. There are populations of sand lizards and smooth snakes, both of which are species associated with mature dry heathland. There are also areas of deciduous woodland along the banks of a stream and of Scots pine.
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One important characteristic of the area is total absent of epiphytic species. Detailed Floristic Study of Vetal Hill was carried out by V. N. Joshi and M. S. Kumbhojakar of Agharkar Research Institute, Pune in 1997. They enumerated occurrence of 416 species of angiosperms belonging to 101 families, 2 pteridophytes and one Bryophyte. Much before Joshi and Kumbhojkar’s work, ecological survey of the hill was conducted by Ezekiel around 1917-1918.
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In bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts), the gametophyte is the most visible stage of the life cycle. The bryophyte gametophyte is longer lived, nutritionally independent, and the sporophytes are typically attached to the gametophytes and dependent on them. When a moss spore germinates it grows to produce a filament of cells (called the protonema). The mature gametophyte of mosses develops into leafy shoots that produce sex organs (gametangia) that produce gametes.
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The site is of special biological interest for its extensive and diverse semi-natural woodland, important populations of several flowering plants and supporting outstanding assemblages of mosses, liverworts and lichens. More than 600 species of plant have been recorded from the site, including a very large proportion of the bryophyte flora of mid and south Wales. It is the most southerly known locality in Britain for Marsh Hawk's-beard (Crepis paludosa).
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Giesecke's travels up and down the coast of Greenland proved important from the perspective of geography. On his return he was consulted by mariners such as John Franklin and William Scoresby, who played a role in the eventual discovery of the Northwest Passage, the famously elusive sea route around the northern edge of North America.Whittaker (2007, 159) He also collected botanical specimens. These included some bryophyte species growing on rocks.E.g.
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On the territory of the Uchilishtna Gora Reserve, 39 bryophyte species, 20 lichen species, 41 fungi species, 207 plant species and 73 herbal plants have been recorded. There are about 100 invertebrate species, 9 amphibian species, 12 reptile species, 62 nesting bird species, 19 mammal species and 20 bat species, inhabiting the reserve. The only protected species, listed in Bulgaria's Red Data Book, is the Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni).
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At least some species of Gunnera host endosymbiotic cyanobacteria such as Nostoc punctiforme The cyanobacteria provide fixed nitrogen to the plant, while the plant provides fixed carbon to the microbe.Francis C. Y. Wong and John C. Meek. Establishment of a functional symbiosis between the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme and the bryophyte Anthoceros punctatus requires genes involved in nitrogen control and initiation of heterocyst differentiation. Microbiology (2002), 148, 315-323 [www.microbiologyresearch.
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The natural vegetation in the Achanakmar-Bilaspur Biosphere Reserve varies across the reserve. The forest area of the reserve has tropical deciduous vegetation and it can be classified into Northern Tropical Moist Deciduous and Southern Dry Mixed Deciduous forests. The reserve is quite rich in plant diversity, having a combination of different climatic and edaphic conditions at various altitudes. The region provides shelter to various thallophyte, bryophyte, pteridophyte, gymnosperm, and angiosperm species.
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She is also the recipient of the Linnean Society's Trail-Crisp Award for 2015, for her work in microscopy. From 2007–2010 she lectured at QMUL. She describes her research as integrating "expertise in bryophyte systematics, evolution, anatomy and in-vitro culturing to tackle major questions on the origin and evolution of key innovations of land plants including stomata, cuticles, desiccation-tolerance and fungal symbioses". She is an editor of the journal Annals of Botany.
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Deciduous forest stretches from 1,100 meters up to the tree line at 1,800 meters. Above that point, the vegetation consists of alpine grasslands. The area has diverse flora, where one-third of China's bryophyte families and more than half of its fern families are represented. The Huangshan pine (Pinus hwangshanensis) is named after Huangshan and is considered an example of vigor because the trees thrive by growing straight out of the rocks.
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The village includes Dolmelynllyn Hall (now a Hotel and owned by the National Trust), and the area is also referred to as Dolmelynllyn. One author suggests an Arthurian link to the village but there is no other corroboration. The village is now surrounded by Forestry Commission and National Trust parkland of conifers and oaks. A large area of surrounding ancient oak woodland is a designated SSSI and has a particularly rich temperate maritime Bryophyte community.
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The southern arm has a more varied canopy with ash (Fraxinus excelsior), oak and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) coppice with a few wych elm (Ulmus glabra). The shrub layer consists of blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) and hawthorn. The SSSI has a good bryophyte flora with 21 species of liverwort and 81 moss species. Notable are Hookeria lucens which has a typical oceanic west coast distrilbution and two nationally rare species; Aloina ambigua and Pohlia rothii.
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Jensenia spinosa is a dioicous bryophyte plant in the liverwort family Pallaviciniaceae. It is the only African member of the genus Jensenia, and generally occurs at high elevations. It is widespread but scarce, and has been found in South Africa, Malawi, Tanzania, Rwanda (Volcanoes National Park at 3,650m), the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as the islands of Mauritius, Réunion and Saint Helena. Jensenia spinosa is very similar to its neotropical relative J. erythropus, though geographically isolated.
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Coombe Wood and The Lythe is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Bordon in Hampshire. It is part of East Hampshire Hangers Special Area of Conservation and Combe Wood is a National Trust property. This site has woods on Wealden Upper Greensand with a rich bryophyte flora and calcareous ground flora, especially green hellebore and violet helleborine. There are also meadows bordering a stream and an oak and hazel wood on Gault clay.
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Until recently, it was the only species of bryophyte known with this combination of characteristics, but a second species Cryptothallus hirsutus was discovered in Costa Rica in 1996. The infecting fungus is a basidiomycete, which is also the case in fungi associated with the related genera Aneura and Riccardia. However, this is not the case for other members of the Metzgeriales that have been studied. The plants are small, seldom growing more than three centimeters long.
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Ca 1/3 of bird and bryophyte species are under threat and also large among lichens, vascular plants, butterflies and moths, and hymenopterans are under threat. Ca 10% of Finnish insect species are threatened. The primary cause of the threat is the decline and deterioration of natural habitat.New estimate — every ninth species in Finland is threatened Press release 2019-03-0 Finnish budget on environmental protection is €100 million compared to 70,000 million in human health care.
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Scotland provides ideal growing conditions for many bryophyte species, due to the damp climate, absence of lengthy droughts and winters without protracted hard frosts. In addition, the country's diverse geology, numerous exposed rocky crags and screes and deep, damp ravines coupled with a relatively pollution-free atmosphere enables a diversity of species to exist. This unique assemblage is in marked contrast to the relative impoverishment of the native vascular plants."Why Scotland has so many mosses and liverworts" SNH.
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There are an estimated 50,000 species of animals and plants in terrestrial habitats in Sweden; this represents 32% of the total species found in Europe. These include 73 species of mammal, ca. 240 breeding bird species (and another 60 or so non-breeding species seen yearly to rarely), 6 species of reptile, 12 species of amphibian, 56 species of freshwater fish, around 2000 species of vascular plant, close to 1000 bryophyte species and almost 2000 lichens.
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The antheridium (plural: antheridia) is the reproductive structure found on a male bryophyte shoot. An antheridium has a jacket that protects the sperm while they are developing. Once the sperm has matured, the sperm requires water, such as raindrops, to help carry the sperm from an antheridium to an egg located in an archegonium on a female gametophyte shoot. The perigonium structure is composed of an antheridium, paraphyses (sterile filaments that support the reproductive structure of bryophytes), and perigonial leaves.
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The Society developed from the Moss Exchange Club founded in 1896 by Coslett Herbert Waddell who was Secretary of the club until 1903. It was therefore the first bryological society in the world. Its aim was to provide communication between those interested in bryophytes so they could build up collections of correctly identified specimens. The Club produced printed reports and compiled records of bryophyte distributions by vice- county, and members exchanged information by letter, but the Club did not hold meetings.
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Habitat destruction and atmospheric pollution have major effects on bryophyte distributions, but there have been concerns about the effects of collecting, especially of rarer species. The Society has adopted the BSBI code of conduct for picking, collecting, photographing and enjoying wild bryophytes. A collection of specimens was built up by the Society, with additions bequeathed by some members. Some of this herbarium were shared or donated in full to the Natural History Museum, London where the herbarium was co-located.
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Fossilized hyphae and spores recovered from the Ordovician of Wisconsin (460Ma) resemble modern-day Glomerales, and existed at a time when the land flora likely consisted of only non-vascular bryophyte-like plants. Prototaxites, which was probably a fungus or lichen, would have been the tallest organism of the late Silurian and early Devonian. Fungal fossils do not become common and uncontroversial until the early Devonian (416–359.2Ma), when they occur abundantly in the Rhynie chert, mostly as Zygomycota and Chytridiomycota.
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Angiosperms with monoecious flowers often have self- incompatibility mechanisms that operate between the pollen and stigma so that the pollen either fails to reach the stigma or fails to germinate and produce male gametes. This is one of several methods used by plants to promote outcrossing. In many land plants the male and female gametes are produced by separate individuals. These species are said to be dioecious when referring to vascular plant sporophytes and dioicous when referring to bryophyte gametophytes.
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In 1878 he was recorded as being a member of the London Mathematical Society In 1898, a newspaper article noted that he still diligently studied mathematics and science. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1902, and was its vice-president in 1909–1910. He was also an amateur bryologist and member of the Moss Exchange Club, and owned a bryophyte herbarium, which included about 6000 varieties of mosses and liverworts. After his death, the herbarium was donated to the Tunbridge Wells Museum.
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Bryophytes were first studied in detail in the 18th century. The German botanist Johann Jacob Dillenius (1687–1747) was a professor at Oxford and in 1717 produced the work "Reproduction of the ferns and mosses." The beginning of bryology really belongs to the work of Johannes Hedwig, who clarified the reproductive system of mosses (1792, Fundamentum historiae naturalist muscorum) and arranged a taxonomy. Areas of research include bryophyte taxonomy, bryophytes as bioindicators, DNA sequencing, and the interdependency of bryophytes and other plant and animal species.
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The site supports a typical Cornish cliff bryophyte flora and includes a number of rarities, most notably the Red Data Book moss Tortula solmsii. The west facing section of the coast between Aire Point and Kenidjack Castle displays examples of fully exposed rocky shore communities. The plants and animals are typical of a wave beaten coast with the lower shore characterised by the brown seaweeds "dabberlocks" Alaria esculenta and "tangle" Laminaria digitalis and pools containing coralline algae Corallina officinalis and pink encrusting Lithothamnion spp.
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Tetraphis pellucida develops a low-density asexual colony on a bare substrate, and is very susceptible to being out competed by species it commonly occurs with. Sexual colonies are much more likely to be disturbed than asexual colonies. Without disturbance Tetraphis pellucida has a very low probability of reestablishing where senescent or competitor colonies are. This is shown in the fact that Tetraphis pellucida is the dominant species in gaps of bryophyte communities on logs, whereas they are a minor component in an undisturbed community.
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The Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve is administered by a Governing Board that is presided by the regional governor and includes relevant public services and local organizations. The reserve's scientific advisory board is coordinated by the Omora Ethnobotanical Park - University of Magallanes. In addition to hosting the world's southernmost forested ecosystems and culture (the Yahgans), the Cape Horn Archipelago also protects 5% of the world's bryophyte diversity (mosses and liverworts).Rozzi, R., F. Massardo, C.B. Anderson, A. Berghoefer, A. Mansilla, M. Mansilla and J. Plana (2006).
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As with other woodland in the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, Graig Wood contains many local and rare tree species. The predominant species within the wood are ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and wych elm (Ulmus glabra), although other species present include black alder (Alnus glutinosa), common beech (Fagus sylvatica) and small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata). The stream banks and old buildings within the wood are home to rich bryophyte colonies. Hart's-tongue fern (Asplenium scolopendrium) and snowdrops (Galanthus) also grow on the site.
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The William & Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden holds approximately 4,000 of her collections. A selection of these specimens have been digitized and can be viewed through the C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium. The majority of these bryophyte collections are from New York State and the western United States, specifically Arizona. At the time of her death in 1968, collections of materials from the Grand Canyon area also resided at the Grand Canyon Museum and the Museum of Northern Arizona in Flagstaff, Arizona.
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The cliffs at the northern end of Cave Dale are used by rock climbers and there are several routes in the Very Severe category. There are several small caves or old lead mines within the dale's limestone walls, one being larger than the rest with bars preventing access. Cave Dale's steep north-facing grassy slopes are damp and bryophyte-rich and are dominated by oat grass (Trisetum flavescent) and sheep's fescue (Festuca ovina). Lesser meadow-rue (Thalictrum minus) grows extensively on ledges in the dale.
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The Cibodas bryophyte park, or Taman Lumut Cibodas, is part of the Cibodas Botanical Garden and is located between Mount Gede and Mount Gede Pangrango National Park. It was built in 2004 and opened to the public officially on April 11, 2006, on the occasion of the 154th anniversary of the Cibodas Botanical Gardens. The 1,500 m2 garden was designed to resemble the natural habitat of mosses. Natural shade is also provided by the shade of native Indonesian plants that grow around it to give the desired humid conditions.
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The pollen of some plants can be found stuck to the fur of mammals as well as accidentally ingested when nectar is consumed. Diaspores from 6 different bryophytes have been found on the fur of American red squirrels, Northern flying squirrels, and deer mice. Mammals contribute to bryophyte and fern spore dispersal by carrying spores on their fur. Small mammals acting as dispersal vectors may have advantages for the dispersing organism compared to wind transport, as the mammals share similar ecosystems to the parent plant, while wind transport is random.
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The book Dispersal in fungi (1953) described and emphasised dispersal as a vital problem in the life of fungi.C.T. Ingold, Dispersal in Fungi (Oxford University Press 1953). Spore Liberation (1965), not a revision of the former, summarised fields of recent research to reveal how spore liberation was fundamental to understanding the structure of fungal fruiting bodies and bryophyte sporogonia.C.T. Ingold, Spore Liberation (Oxford University Press, 1965) A full revision combining both works in the light of much further research appeared as Fungal Spores, Their Liberation and Dispersal in 1971.
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Protonematal cells of the moss Physcomitrella patens A protonema (plural: protonemata) is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage (the haploid phase) of the life cycle of mosses. When a moss first grows from the spore, it start as a germ tube which lengthens and branches into a filamentous complex known as a protonema, which develops into a leafy gametophore, the adult form of a gametophyte in bryophytes.Life Cycle - in a nutshell - bryophyte Moss spores germinate to form an algae-like filamentous structure called the protonema. It represents the juvenile gametophyte.
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Authors of Plant Names (Brummitt & Powell) by Richard Kenneth Brummitt and C. E. Powell, 1992, is a print database of accepted standardized abbreviations used for citing the author who validly published the name of a taxon. The database is now maintained online at the International Plant Names Index. The book provides recommended abbreviations for authors' names that help to distinguish authors with the same surname when giving the full name of a taxon. It deals authors who validly published the name of a flowering plant, gymnosperm, fern, bryophyte, algae, fungi or fossil plants.
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Silvia Pressel is a botanist and head of the LS Algae, Fungi and Plants Division of the Natural History Museum, London. She is a joint recipient (with James Clarkson) of the Linnean Society's 2008 Irene Manton Prize for the "best thesis in botany examined for a doctorate of philosophy during a single academic year" in the United Kingdom. She completed her PhD, Experimental studies of bryophyte cell biology, conservation, physiology and systematics, at Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) in 2007. She was a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Research Fellow.
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As with other woodland in the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, Croes Robert Wood contains many local and rare tree species. Established on the upper slopes are common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), silver birch (Betula pendula), wych elm (Ulmus glabra) and wild cherry (Prunus avium) trees, with black alder (Alnus glutinosa) growing on the lower reaches. The wood is also noted for its bryophyte interest. The dormouse, considered to be rare and endangered, can be found on the nature reserve, as well as badger, fallow deer, weasel and the yellow-necked mouse.
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They had essentially an isomorphic alternation of generations (meaning that the sporophytes and gametophytes were equally free living), which might suggest that both the gametophyte-dominant life style of bryophytes and the sporophyte-dominant life style of vascular plants evolved from this isomorphic condition. They were leafless and did not have true vascular tissues. In particular, they did not have tracheids: elongated cells that help transport water and mineral salts, and that develop a thick lignified wall at maturity that provides mechanical strength. Unlike plants at the bryophyte grade, their sporophytes were branched.
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Buxbuamia viridis, also known as the green shield-moss, is a rare bryophyte found sporadically throughout the northern hemisphere. The gametophyte of this moss is not macroscopically visible; the large, distinct sporophyte of B. viridis is the only identifying structure of this moss. This moss can be found singularly or in small groups on decaying wood, mostly in humid, sub-alpine to alpine Picea abies, Abies alba, or mixed tree forests. This moss is rare and conservation efforts are being made in most countries B. viridis is found in.
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The Dyfi is a glaciated catchment of predominantly hill land with thin, acidic soils developed on lower Palaeozoic sedimentary strata. Broadleaf woodlands, typically sessile oak or ash dominated, are a feature of the valley slopes and its many tributaries, although conifer plantations now dominate large areas. The bryophyte, lichen and fern communities of the shady, damp valley woods are particularly notable, with large numbers of Atlantic species. Several areas of upland moorland occur, comprising mixtures of acid grassland, blanket bog and dwarf shrub heath, often contiguous with larger upland areas and supporting important bird populations.
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Corner started his career studying microfungi and published five papers on discomycetes. He then moved on to nectriaceous fungi and was likely the first person to demonstrate the intimate relationship between fungi and bryophytes. Further research regarding the fungal/bryophyte relationship has uncovered many more such associations, and researchers now estimate that more than 2000 exist. One of the qualities that made Corner such a remarkable scientist was his analytical skills; his legacy in mycology resides in the conclusions he was able to draw on fungal morphology and development as well as systematics.
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Unusually for plants of its time, spores of Tortilicaulis were covered all over with small granules. The initial suspicions of its describer, Dianne Edwards, were that it was a bryophyte, and comparisons have been made with several groups. A potential association with the moss Takakia is supported by features of the sporangia, such as the elongate shape, unusual twisting, and terminal position of the sporangia. As the sporangia of Tortilicaulis are branched, cladistic analysis suggests that the genus may instead belong to the Horneophytopsida, a class of the polysporangiophytes, which unlike bryophytes, have branched stems bearing sporangia.
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Established plants cannot move away from perturbations, and will eventually die if their habitat is contaminated by heavy metals or metalloids at a concentration that is too elevated for their physiology. Some species are more resistant and will survive these levels, and some non-native species that can tolerate these concentrations in the soil, will migrate in the surrounding lands of the mine to occupy the ecological niche. Plants can be affected through direct poisoning, for example arsenic soil content reduces bryophyte diversity. Soil acidification through pH diminution by chemical contamination can also lead to a diminished species number.
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On a female bryophyte shoot, the reproductive structure is called the archegonium (plural: archegonia). The structure of an archegonium consists of: a sterile jacket that encloses the egg, a neck, a neck canal that allows the sperm to enter the archegonium to fertilize the egg, a venter that protects the egg and later develops into the calyptra, and the egg itself. When an egg in the archegonium of a female Pogonatum urnigerum shoot is fertilized, it matures and develops the sporophyte structure of the plant which sexually reproduces by producing and dispersing spores. The perichaetium structure is composed by an archegonium, paraphyses and perichaetial leaves.
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Prior to the purchase the summit was used for growing wheat but now the only farming activity is grazing. Butser Hill has a rich variety of flora and fauna located upon the hill. Butser Hill is in the top twenty Hampshire chalk grassland sites for its rich vascular flora, and is the richest chalk grassland site in Hampshire in terms of its bryophyte (125 species) and lichen (82 species) flora. As well as this, over 30 species of butterfly have been recorded, including populations of Duke of Burgundy and the Silver-spotted Skipper, making the area an important conservation area for many butterfly species.
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The site's nature conservation importance (the reason for SSSI designation), is due to its plant communities, its community of breeding birds and its invertebrate communities. Thin-spiked wood sedge (Carex strigosa), which is scarce in Surrey, is present in woodlands at the site. Two species of rose which are scarce in Surrey, Rosa micrantha and Rosa stylosa are found in the scrub on Little Bookham Common. The bryophyte flora in the site's woodland is rich and includes one of only two Surrey localities for the moss Zygodon conoideus. Notable plants found in the grassland of Little Bookham Common include southern marsh-orchid (Dactylorhiza praetermissa), pepper-saxifrage (Silaum silaus), spiked sedge (Carex spicata) and adder’s-tongue fern (Ophioglossum vulgatum).
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PlantGDB The Cycad Genomics Project,Cycad Genomics Project home for example, aims to understand the differences in structure and function of genes between gymnosperms and angiosperms through sampling in the order Cycadales. In the process, it intends to make available information for the study of evolution of seeds, cones and evolution of life cycle patterns. Presently the most important sequenced genomes from an evo-devo point of view include those of A. thaliana (a flowering plant), poplar (a woody plant), Physcomitrella patens (a bryophyte), Maize (extensive genetic information), and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (a green alga). The impact of such a vast amount of information on understanding common underlying developmental mechanisms can easily be realised.
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The canal passes through an area known as the Kennet Valley Alderwoods, the largest remaining fragments of damp, ash-alder woodland in the River Kennet floodplain. The SSSI includes two woods – the Wilderness and part of Ryott's Plantation – which are important because they support a very great diversity of plants associated with this woodland type, dominated by alder (Alnus glutinosa); though ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is abundant in places and there is occasional oak (Quercus robur) and wych elm (Ulmus glabra). In addition to the wide range of higher plants the woods support a diverse bryophyte flora including the uncommon epiphytes Radula complanata, Zygodon viridissimus and Orthotrichum affine. Nearby is Irish Hill Copse.
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The area is renowned for the richness of its wildlife, and it contains some of the best surviving remnants of the ancient temperate Atlantic oak forest which once clothed most of the west coast of Scotland, Wales, Cornwall and Brittany, but now survives only in isolated pockets. Loch Sunart itself also has a rich flora and fauna. In the past salmon and sea trout angling was important to the local hotels, but, like much of Europe, the runs of fish in the spring and summer are much reduced. The area is reputed to have the widest variety of fungi, lichen and bryophyte species in the whole of Europe, due to the mild, wet oceanic climate.
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Important strengths of the collection include the plants of British Columbia generally, "Pacific algae, fungi, Hawaiian plants, tropical prayer plants, and cyanolichens". Its algal collection is "the most comprehensive of any Herbarium", particularly in its coverage of the northeast Pacific Ocean species. Its bryophyte collection is the largest in Canada, while the fungi collection includes the "largest research collection of macrofungi of British Columbia" and the lichen collection is among the largest in western North America. The vascular plants collection is two-thirds Canadian (45% from British Columbia and 22% from other provinces and territories), 16% American (9% from Hawaii and the Pacific coast and 7% from the other states), and 17% from other countries.
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The coastal pastures at Cley and the adjacent Salthouse Marshes have jointleaf rush, common silverweed and less common grasses such as annual beard grass, marsh foxtail and slender hare's-ear. The site is generally rich in plants, especially those that can cope with saline environments, but three species appear to have been lost: divided sedge was last recorded in 1999, grey hair-grass in 1982 and lax- flowered sea lavender in 1977. Lichens are not suited to the prevailing habitat, but the nationally rare soot lichen occurs on untreated wood. The locally rare bryophyte Heim's pottia occurs in the saltmarsh, and the coastal variety piliferum of cuspidate earth-moss is found at Salthouse.
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Salisbury Plain supports a diverse bryophyte flora with seven nationally scarce species which have seen a general decline in other chalk grassland sites, including Barbula acuta, Phascum curvicolle, Pleurochaete squarrosa, Thuidium abietinum and Weissia sterilis. Although there is some scrub development on the plain, it is remarkable that large expanses of the chalk grassland remain open with very little invasion of woody species. Of particular interest are the large stands of juniper (Juniperus communis) on Bulford Downs and Beacon Hill. Both pyramidal and prostrate forms are present and this site, along with Porton Down SSSI to the south, supports the best remaining examples of the lowland type of juniper associated with chalk and mixed scrub in England.
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The island was designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest for its maritime communities; internationally rare lichens; bryophyte, vascular plant and bird species; and intertidal communities. Nationally important flowering plants include sharp rush, rock sea lavender, small adder's tongue and western clover, and the rare purple loosestrife is found in places.Celtlands : Ynys Enlli : Fauna Retrieved 16 August 2009 Two nationally rare heathland lichens are found on the slopes of Mynydd Enlli: the ciliate strap lichen and golden hair lichen; and there are over 350 lichen species in total.Bardsey Island Trust : Natural History Retrieved 16 August 2009 The leafcutter bee, named after its habit of cutting neat, rounded circles in rose leaves, used to seal the entrance to its nest, is native.
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Kennet Valley Alderwoods is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Newbury in Berkshire. It is a Special Area of Conservation Located at and at , these woodlands are the largest remaining fragments of damp, ash- alder woodland in the Kennet floodplain. The SSSI includes two woods, the Wilderness and part of Ryott's Plantation, which are important because they support a very great diversity of plants associated with this woodland type, dominated by Alder (Alnus glutinosa), though Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is abundant in places and there is occasional Oak (Quercus robur) and Wych Elm (Ulmus glabra). In addition to the wide range of higher plants the woods support a diverse bryophyte flora including the uncommon epiphytes Radula complanata, Zygodon viridissimus and Orthotrichum affine.
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Born in Krummsee, Ostholstein, Germany, Deising attended primary and grammar school in Kronshagen and Kiel, and passed the school-leaving examinations in 1975, after which he did military service (1975–1976). He completed his studies at Kiel University with a Diploma in Agricultural Engineering, after which he worked as a Biology Assistant at the same university (1982–1987), ending with a dissertation entitled Physiological and biochemical investigations on nitrate reduction in the bryophyte Sphagnum. Deising then moved to the Institute of Pathology and Constance University (1988 bis 1996), where he gained a Professorship with Venia Legendi for Plant Phsiology and Phytomedicine in 1996 with the subject Biochemical investigation of differentiation of infection structures of the broad bean rust fungus Uromyces viciae-fabae.
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Ecological studies in the boreal spruce–fir forests of the North American taiga. II. Analysis of the bryophyte flora. Can. J. Bot. 54:619–643. [Nienstaedt and Zasada 1990]Viereck, E.G. (1987). Alaska’s wilderness medicines – healthful plants of the North. Alaska Publishing, Edmonds, Washington WA. 107 p. [Nienstaedt and Zasada 1990] The thickness of the moss–organic layer commonly exceeds 25 cm in the far north and may approach twice that figure. The mosses compete for nutrients and have a major influence on soil temperatures in the rooting zone. Permafrost development in parts of Alaska, Yukon, and the Northwest Territories is facilitated by the insulative organic layer (Viereck 1970a, b, Gill 1975, Van Cleve and Yarie 1986).Gill, D. (1975).
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Gibbs was employed by the Natural History section of the British Museum in London for her entire career but also collaborated with the Herbarium at the Royal Botanic Gardens,Kew and undertook histological and plant development work at the Royal College of Science. Expeditions between 1905 and 1915 to Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Iceland, Indonesia, Malaysia, South America, the US and Zimbabwe allowed her to see plant life worldwide, and mountain plants were her particular interest. In 1905 she was part of a British Association visit to Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) and collected plant material. She visited Fiji in 1907 and explored the flora on the northern slopes of the Mount Victoria range, and then studied the bryophyte flora of New Zealand on her way home, identifying four new species of liverwort in the Waitākere Ranges.
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In May 2019, scientists reported the discovery of a fossilized fungus, named Ourasphaira giraldae, in the Canadian Arctic, that may have grown on land a billion years ago, well before plants were living on land. Earlier, it had been presumed that the fungi colonized the land during the Cambrian (542–488.3 Ma), also long before land plants. Fossilized hyphae and spores recovered from the Ordovician of Wisconsin (460 Ma) resemble modern-day Glomerales, and existed at a time when the land flora likely consisted of only non-vascular bryophyte-like plants. Prototaxites, which was probably a fungus or lichen, would have been the tallest organism of the late Silurian. Fungal fossils do not become common and uncontroversial until the early Devonian (416–359.2 Ma), when they are abundant in the Rhynie chert, mostly as Zygomycota and Chytridiomycota.
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Marsh helleborine Added to the importance of the above habitats, the Boho area includes large numbers of rare and protected plant species specified as priority species by the Northern Ireland Environment Agency, including Irish eyebright (Euphrasia salisburgensis var. hibernica) which is located on the western edges of Boho near Knockmore cliffs, small white orchid (Pseudorchis albida), also known as the white mountain orchid, blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium bermudiana), which belongs to the American element of the Irish flora i.e. those plants being absent from any other part of Eurasia but exist in North America, green-flowered helleborine (Epipactis phyllanthes), Cornish heath (Erica vagans), which is found near Boho, yellow bird's-nest (Monotropa hypopitys),. Other notable species to be found in the area include Swedish pouchwort (Calypogeia suecica), a bryophyte last found in Aghahoorin near Boho in 1961, bee orchid, (Ophrys apifera), mountain avens (Dryas octopetala), marsh helleborine, (Epipactis palustris) and bird's-nest orchid (Neottia nidus-avis) located in proximity to Boho Caves.
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St. Barnabas’ Church, Fendalton Thomas Wrench Naylor Beckett (24 July 1839 Liverpool – 5 December 1906 "Elbedde", Fendalton) was an English-born coffee and tea planter in Ceylon and a noted botanist and bryologist, who collected specimens there and in the north-western Himalaya between 1882 and c.1900. He did not publish any account of the mosses he collected while in Ceylon – many of his specimens though are recorded in Max Fleischer's "Musci der Flora von Buitenzorg". He emigrated to New Zealand where he also collected. His main pteridophyte collection is at World Museum Liverpool. His bryophyte material at Kew was transferred to the British Museum of Natural History in about 1961 in terms of the Morton Agreement. The University of Canterbury and Christchurch houses some 12,000 of his specimens. Beckett was one of three amateur bryologists active in Christchurch, the other two being Robert Brown (1824–1906) and Thomas George Wright (1831–1914)."New Zealand Botanical Society Newsletter"Godley, E.G. A Century of Botany in Canterbury. 1967.
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Ricardo Rozzi speaking at the 2014 International Association of Bryologists about his role in creating the UNESCO Cape Horn Biosophere Reserve, a hotspot for bryophyte diversity and conservation In addition to his theoretical work, Rozzi has collaborated with the Chilean Ministry of Education, the Latin American Ecology Schoolyard Program, and has participated in the creation of the "Senda Darwin" Biological Station (Chiloé Island, Chile), the Latin American Network of Ethnobotanical Parks, the Omora Ethnobotanical Park (Puerto Williams, Chile), and the UNESCO Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve at the southern end of the Americas, with the aim of incorporating environmental ethics in the practices of conservation and education in Latin America. Currently, he is the director of the Subantarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, coordinated by the University of North Texas in the US, and by the Universidad de Magallanes and the Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity in Chile. With these institutions, he co-directs a biocultural conservation and "field environmental philosophy" program working in collaboration with the Center for Environmental Philosophy.
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