The conventional production of interferon needs large aseptic (sterile) facilities, but eggs work as a protein-producing aseptic system, said Kitahara.
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Inside, of course, the places are all shiny, aseptic, and utterly boring.
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The aseptic color charts, the matter-of-fact panes of glass and mirrors.
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Instanbul-based Kalenobel makes flexible consumer packaging for ice cream, aseptic cartons and other products.
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By reputation, India was the world leader in aseptic manufacturing, the exacting science of producing sterile drugs.
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CreditCreditIllustration by Louise Zergaeng Pomeroy The bright aseptic room smelled of Pine-Sol and bleach and overripe Camembert.
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It would have to be a well-calibrated answer, not the diplomatic and aseptic response of a politician.
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They are widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries, in computer chip fabrication and in production of aseptic packaging.
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A vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella was discontinued in the early 1990s after it was linked to aseptic meningitis.
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Quite the opposite: Mr Lacuesta is obsessed with the honesty of his portrayal even to the point of repetitive, aseptic realism.
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In "The Aseptic Room," a story from the new collection, she recounts a conversation she and Bachmann had about old age.
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"Our team is very cautious about sterility and aseptic techniques especially when we collect samples for microbiology and molecular biology studies," she added.
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Following 'aseptic technique' Measles is a highly contagious, serious disease caused by a virus, yet a safe and cost-effective vaccine is available.
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Word of the Day : free of or using methods to keep free of pathological micro-organisms _________ The word aseptic has appeared once on nytimes.
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There's the "aseptic," a rectangular box with folds on the top that you might think of as a soup carton, also commonly used for nut milks.
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Swift nods at the forces of hip-hop, R. & B., and electronic dance music, but she never fully invites them into her space, which remains aseptic.
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In adulthood, mumps can cause severely swollen glands and testicles as well as aseptic meningitis, which produces such symptoms as fever, headache, stiff neck and vomiting.
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Shells also provide protection from bacterial infection, so they'd need a "very sanitary, aseptic environment in the laboratory," and in the material used to house the shell-less egg.
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The warning letter, dated Friday, lists violations related to the agency's current good manufacturing practice regulations, which include poor aseptic behavior, as well as those related to environmental and personnel monitoring.
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The juice drinks that have drawn the attention of the British regulator are made using a special aseptic production process, enabling them to be sold without refrigeration and preservatives, Refresco said on Wednesday.
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Tetra Pak offered a 2014 report it had commissioned from independent experts showing the overall energy involved in producing an aseptic package of soup was less than that of soup in a steel can.
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The fabricated records were of tests that Emcure was required to conduct to ensure proper environmental control was maintained while aseptic filling of drug batches, so that the products wouldn't become contaminated, the FDA said.
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Shares of Biocon fell as much as 7.6 percent, posting their biggest intraday fall in five months, after the U.S. FDA issued 10 observations pointing at aseptic practices following an inspection at the drugmaker's plant in Bengaluru. bit.
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The FDA has asked the company to provide a detailed plan with timelines on how it is going to resolve the violations and submit a list of all contamination hazards related to the plant's aseptic processes and equipment.
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Behind this aseptic declaration is likely a calculated move which tries, on the one hand, to straddle the political factions which drive insular politics and, on the other hand, avoid any specific commitment concerning Puerto Rico's status question in her pursuit of her presidential aspirations.
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With a cannula based aseptic sampling device the needle and septa are combined into a hermetically sealed aseptic sampling device.
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Aseptic meningitis was first described by Wallgren in 1925. Aseptic meningitis cases have varied historically. Aseptic meningitis caused by mumps has declined in the United States due to the increased use of vaccination which prevents mumps cases from occurring.
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Lumbar puncture procedure for diagnosing aseptic meningitis The term aseptic can be misleading, implying a lack of infection. On the contrary, many cases of aseptic meningitis represent infection with viruses or mycobacteria that cannot be detected with routine methods. Medical professionals will take into consideration the season of the year, the medical history of the individual and family, physical examination, and laboratory results when diagnosing aseptic meningitis. One common medical test used when diagnosing aseptic meningitis is lumbar puncture.
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Biopharmaceutical drug manufacturers widely use aseptic sampling devices to enhance aseptic technique. The latest innovations of sampling devices harmonize with emerging trends in disposability, enhance operating efficiencies and improve operator safety.
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She also devised the Dick Aseptic Nursery Technique which provided "strict sterilization and aseptic procedures" to prevent cross infection among infants. Dick died of stroke in Palo Alto, California on August 21, 1963.
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Aseptic sampling is the process of aseptically withdrawing materials used in biopharmaceutical processes for analysis so as not contaminate or alter the sample or the source of the sample.ASTM E1287-89(1999) "Standard Practice for Aseptic Sampling of Biological Materials," ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 1999, DOI: 10.1520/E1287-89R99, www.astm.org Aseptic samples are drawn throughout the entire biopharmaceutical process (cell culture/fermentation, buffer & media prep, purification, final fill and finishStockdale, D. Overview of Aseptic Fill/Finish Manufacturing. Am. Pharm. Rev. 2004.).
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Aseptic surgery was pioneered in the United States by Charles McBurney.
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Section 113.40 lists specific requirements for aseptic processing and packaging systems, including specifications for equipment and instrumentation. One requirement of the FDA regulations is that all thermal processing operations must be conducted under the operating supervision of an individual who has completed an FDA-approved course of instruction on control of thermal processing systems, container closures, and acidification procedures. The Better Process Control School provides a section on aseptic processing and packaging systems, and will meet the FDA requirement for supervisors of aseptic operations. Processing authorities are responsible for aseptic systems must be aware of certain factors unique to aseptic processing and packaging operations, therefore specific knowledge in this area is essential.
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BiB is also used extensively in the packaging of processed fruit and dairy products in aseptic processes. Using aseptic packaging equipment, products can be packed in aseptic packaging. Pasteurized or UHT treated products packed into this format can be "shelf-stable", requiring no refrigeration. Some products can have a shelf life of up to 2 years, depending on the type of bag that is used.
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Edinburgh Post Office Directory 1889 He trained for six months under Professor Theodore Kocher in Bern, where he learned to follow the aseptic system of surgery rather than Listerian antisepsis. Stiles was the first surgeon to use the aseptic approach in Edinburgh.
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Aseptic meningitis is a disease that can depend on the patient’s age, however research has shown some distinct symptoms that indicate the possibility of aseptic meningitis. A variety of patients notice a change in body temperatures (higher than normal temperatures 38-40°C), marked with the possibility of vomiting, headaches, firm neck pain, and even lack of appetite. In younger patients, like babies, a meningeal inflammation can be noticed along with the possibility of hepatic necrosis and myocarditis. In serious cases, a multiple organ failure can also signal aseptic meningitis and oftentimes, in babies, seizures and focal neurological deficits can be early symptoms of aseptic meningitis.
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Aseptic products have a non-refrigerated shelf-life of a few months to several years. Sterilization of aseptic packaging material is a crucial step in aseptic food processing. These containers are sterilized to kill microorganisms present on the container during forming and transport and prior to filling. There are numerous methods used to sterilize the containers, the most commonly used methods include: heat, hot water, chemical sterilants (hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid), and radiation or a combination of methods.
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Aseptic processing preserves food quality through fast heat treatment followed by a short holding time and rapid cooling. Compared to canning where food products are subjected to high temperature processing, the fast heat treatment provided by aseptic processing enables heat-sensitive characteristics of the food to be better retained.
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The symptoms are the same for both meningitis and aseptic meningitis but the severity of the symptoms and the treatment can depend on the certain cause. The most common cause of aseptic meningitis is by viral infection. Other causes may include side- effects from drugs and connective tissue disorders.
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Ultimately, though, successful usage of aseptic operations depends on a combination of preparatory actions. For example, sterile equipment and fluids are used during invasive medical and nursing procedures. The largest manifestation of such aseptic techniques is in hospital operating theaters, where the aim is to keep patients free from hospital micro-organisms. Packaged, sterilized surgical instruments While all members of the surgical team should demonstrate good aseptic technique, it is the role of the scrub nurse or surgical technologist to set up and maintain the sterile field.
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Viral meningitis, also known as aseptic meningitis, is a type of meningitis due to a viral infection. It results in inflammation of the meninges (the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord). Symptoms commonly include headache, fever, sensitivity to light and neck stiffness. Viruses are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis.
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Aseptic Processing achieves sterility through a flash- heating process with temperatures ranging from 91 °C to 146 °C and is minimally processed. Due to the significantly lower processing time and temperature range used in aseptic processing compared to conventional sterilization, such as canning, products that are aseptically processed are able to retain more nutrients. Riboflavin, pantothenic acid, biotin, niacin, and vitamin B6 are unaffected. Approximately 10% of thiamine and vitamin B12, approximately 15% of folic acid and pyridoxine, and approximately 25% of vitamin C are lost during aseptic processing.
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Aseptic meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges, a membrane covering the brain and spinal cord, in patients whose cerebral spinal fluid test result is negative with routine bacterial cultures. Aseptic meningitis is caused by viruses, mycobacteria, spirochetes, fungi, medications, and cancer malignancies. The testing for both meningitis and aseptic meningitis is mostly the same. A cerebrospinal fluid sample is taken by lumbar puncture and is tested for leukocyte levels to determine if there is an infection and goes on to further testing to see what the actual cause is.
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Drug-Induced Aseptic Meningitis (DIAM) is a type of aseptic meningitis related to the use of medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or biologic drugs such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Additionally, this condition generally shows clinical improvement after cessation of the medication, as well as a tendency to relapse with resumption of the medication.
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Low-density polyethylene (24%), the most common plastic used for aseptic packaging, located on the innermost layer forms the seals that make the package liquid-tight. Aluminum (6%) is located on the inside of the aseptic package, forming a barrier against light and oxygen, thereby eliminating the need for refrigeration and preventing spoilage without using preservatives. Most packaging material used in aseptic packaging is made from plastics instead of metal or glass containers due to the relatively low cost of producing plastic material when compared to metal and glass. Plastics are lighter than metal or glass making them cheaper and easier to transport.
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Aseptic techniques are used to maintain microbiological cultures and to prevent contamination of the growth medium. There are many different types of methods used to streak a plate. Picking a technique is a matter of individual preference and can also depend on how large the number of microbes the sample contains. Illustration of streak plate procedure to achieve isolated colonies using aseptic technique.
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Among the common manipulations carried out on culture cells are media changes, passaging cells, and transfecting cells. These are generally performed using tissue culture methods that rely on aseptic technique. Aseptic technique aims to avoid contamination with bacteria, yeast, or other cell lines. Manipulations are typically carried out in a biosafety cabinet or laminar flow cabinet to exclude contaminating micro-organisms.
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These gloves became a part of the aseptic surgery standard when Dr. Joseph Colt Bloodgood and several others began wearing them for that particular purpose.
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In 1975, Vitasoy became the first Hong Kong company to introduce new Tetra Pak aseptic packaging technology for beverage production. It involves ultra-heat treatment sterilisation of the product and packaging in aseptic cartons, ensures that the drink product can be kept for months without refrigeration. In 1978, the company relocated to a computerised facility of 366,000 square feet and HK$100 million investment in Tuen Mun.
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It was cited in subsequent scientific papers and eventually became part of the standard design of almost all types of labware that needed to provide aseptic respiration.
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Bates also developed drying and concentration of liquid foods and aseptic packaging. He even worked on pesticide residual studies in dairy products prior to his 1966 retirement.
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In a cannula-based aseptic sampling system, a needle penetrates an elastomeric septum. The septum is in direct contact with the liquid so that the liquid flows out of the equipment through the needle. Iterations of this technique are used in medical device industries but don't usually include equipment combining the needle and the septum. Introducing a potentially non-sterile needle into the bioprocessing equipment violates good aseptic technique.
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The use of these containers was not accepted by the American consumers due to their difficulty in opening however, it was widely used by the U.S. Navy. In 1981, hydrogen peroxide was approved by the FDA to be used to sterilize containers. Today, ships used for continental food transport are equipped with aseptic tanks to transport fruit juices. Another means of transporting aseptically processed food is the use of aseptic bags.
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The infected individual can be asymptomatic or have very severe symptoms. In serious cases, kidney or liver failure, aseptic meningitis, and fatal pulmonary hemorrhages have occurred in humans.
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Colchester General Hospital demonstrated the sporicidal activity of Klercide-CR Biocide B during the clean down of their aseptic facility prior to re-commissioning after refurbishment and extension.
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Aseptic processing is a processing technique wherein commercially thermally sterilized liquid products (typically food or pharmaceutical) are packaged into previously sterilized containers under sterile conditions to produce shelf-stable products that do not need refrigeration. Aseptic processing has almost completely replaced in-container sterilization of liquid foods, including milk, fruit juices and concentrates, cream, yogurt, salad dressing, liquid egg, and ice cream mix. There has been an increasing popularity for foods that contain small discrete particles, such as cottage cheese, baby foods, tomato products, fruit and vegetables, soups, and rice desserts. Aseptic processing involves three primary steps: thermal sterilization of the product, sterilization of the packaging material, and conservation of sterility during packaging.
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The most important goal is therefore to avoid revisions by using a good surgical procedure and using products with good (long-term) results. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to avoid revisions. There can also be different reasons for revisions and there is a distinction between septic or aseptic revision. If it is necessary to replace an implant without confirmation of an infection—for example, aseptic—the cement is not necessarily removed completely.
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He was, like Sir William Macewen, an early exponent of aseptic technique in surgery. Both of these factors undoubtedly contributed to his expertise and success with fracture management. He was a pioneer of treating fractures by fixation and had impressive results with an amputation rate for sepsis of only 2.6%, a dramatic reduction on the norm for the time. “There are few cases," he wrote, " which afford a better test of aseptic methods.
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Ongoing migration increase the risk of aseptic loosening with revision surgery as a consequence. The method has proven valuable in the evaluation of fixation for hip and knee arthroplasty, as early RSA evaluations have shown high predictive value for later aseptic component loosening. In contrast, Dynamic RSA makes it possible to accurately assess both micro movements in the fixation interface and kinematics of the prosthetic components in three dimensions, during active motions.
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It wasn't until August 2008, however, when China's Anti- Monopoly Law came into effect was Greatview able to grow and turn the aseptic packaging industry into a new playing field.
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Aseptic processing costs more than canning because sterilization of the packaging materials requires different machinery and can get complex. In addition, maintaining air sterility in the processing room is difficult.
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Aseptic cavernous sinus thrombosis is much less common and is usually associated with other disorders including trauma, circulatory problems, nasopharynx cancers and other tumours of the skull base, dehydration, and anemia.
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However the process requires aseptic conditions. There are also problems associated with the handling of the embryo, as the yolk membrane is prone to rupture both during and after the culture.
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Marco Island, Florida. May 9–12, 2007. a comprehensive review of drug-induced aseptic meningitis, a review of streptococcal paratracheal abscesses, and a consensus statement on abdominal girth and cardiometabolic risk.
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Aseptic packaging consists of filling and sealing a sterilized packaging material with a sterilized product. Aseptic packaging material not only has to assure sterile conditions within the package and protect the product from physical damage, but also maintain the quality of the product inside the packaging. To achieve this, a laminate material is formed from the following components: semi-rigid paper, aluminum, and plastic. Paper (70%) provides the stiffness, strength, and the efficient brick shape to the package.
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A curette in sterile packaging. Instruments that have undergone sterilization can be maintained in such condition by containment in sealed packaging until use. Aseptic technique is the act of maintaining sterility during procedures.
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To prevent cross-contamination of patients, instruments are sterilized through autoclaving or by using disposable equipment; suture material or xenografts also need to be sterilized beforehand. Basic aseptic procedures includes hand washing, donning protective gloves, masks and gowns, and sterilizing equipment and linens. Medical aseptic techniques also includes curbing the spread of infectious diseases through quarantine, specifically isolation procedures based on the mode of disease transmission. Within contact, droplet and airborne isolation methods, two different procedures emerge: strict isolation vs.
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Equipment used in aseptic processing of food and beverages must be sterilized before processing and remain sterile during processing. When designing aseptic processing equipment there are six basic requirements to consider: the equipment must have the capability of being cleaned thoroughly, it must be able to be sterilized with steam, chemicals, or high-temperature water, sterilization media should be able to contact all surfaces of the equipment, meaning the equipment does not contain any cracks, crevices or dead spots, the equipment must be able to be kept in a sterile state, it must have the ability to be used continuously, and lastly, the equipment must comply with regulations. Aseptic packaging are generally placed in the following categories: fill, erect, form, thermoform, blow mold, and bulk packaging and storage systems. #Fill and seal.
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Philip E. Nelson (born 1934) is an American food scientist who is best known for his work in bulk aseptic processing and packaging of food and the use of chlorine dioxide gas and hydrogen peroxide liquid to commercially sterilize food products and food contact surfaces. He was the Scholle Chair and Professor in Food Processing at the Department of Food Science at Purdue University. Aseptic processing and packaging would be involved in the relief efforts following the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and Hurricane Katrina in 2005. He received the World Food Prize in 2007 for his work on aseptic food storage.Happynews.com, June 18, 2007, reproducing an Associated Press article, "Indiana Scientist Awarded World Food Prize" Nelson was president of the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) for 2001-2.
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Coxsackieviruses are among the leading causes of aseptic meningitis (the other usual suspects being echovirus and mumps virus). The entry of coxsackievirus into cells, especially endothelial cells, is mediated by Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor.
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Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma is a cutaneous condition characterized by a chronic, painless, solitary nodule, reminiscent of an acne nodule, appearing on the cheeks of young children. It has a prolonged course, but spontaneously heals.
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Ernst von Bergmann (16 December 1836 – 25 March 1907) was a Baltic German surgeon. He was the first physician to introduce heat sterilisation of surgical instruments and is known as a pioneer of aseptic surgery.
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Each pack contains 6.4 g of protein. It has no added preservatives. It is available in 200 ml Aseptic Tetra packaging. It is currently being manufactured by a co- packer, Schreiber Dynamix Dairies Pvt. Ltd.
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Other common packaging sizes are 2 liter, 1 liter, 500 mL, and 250 mL cartons, as well as 4 liter, 1 liter, 250 mL aseptic cartons and 500 mL plastic jugs. ;Chile : Distributed most commonly in aseptic cartons for up to 1 liter, but smaller, snack-sized cartons are also popular. The most common flavors, besides the natural presentation, are chocolate, strawberry and vanilla. ;China : Sweetened milk is a drink popular with students of all ages and is often sold in small plastic bags complete with straw.
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Tetra Brik Aseptic, 1960s Tetra Brik is a brand name for a carton package produced by the Swedish packaging company Tetra Pak. Its shape is cubic or cuboid, and it is available with or without various different caps. The Tetra Brik is the best-known and most sold package in the Tetra Pak packaging family, to the extent that Tetra Brik is sometimes mistaken for the brand name. The Tetra Brik comes in either chilled (Tetra Brik) or ambient (Tetra Brik Aseptic) package types.
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The Tetra Brik Aseptic came onto the market in 1969 and soon became Tetra Pak's flagship package.Leander, Lars, Tetra Pak. A Vision Becomes Reality. A company history with a difference, Lund: Tetra Pak International 1996 (), pp.
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Travers was born in Kensington, London, the son of William Travers MD, FRCS (1838-1906), an early pioneer of aseptic surgical techniques. His mother was Anne Pocock. Travers went to school at Ramsgate, Woking and Blundell's School.
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The investment in the Aseptic A3 sterilizing line, in the amount of about 2 million Swiss Francs enabled tetra-pak packaging of aseptic milk, chocolate milk and juices, and it provided a more serious presence in the center of former Yugoslavia, since product shelf-life was prolonged. Significant funds were invested in primary production. In this period, about 1.800 calf heifers, 400 milking machines and about 100 cooling devices were purchased. In 1995, Mlekara Subotica welcomes the fourth decade completely solvent and free from any debt, with investments financed solely from the company’s own funds.
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Neither the FDA nor other regulatory agency maintains a list of recognized processing authorities, however, certain organizations are widely recognized within government agencies and the industry as having the experience and expertise. The FDA regulations rely upon aseptic processing and packaging authorities to establish parameters for sterilization of product, packages, and equipment so that commercial sterility of the end product is assured. The forms presently used to file aseptic processes for low-acid foods with the FDA is Form 2541c. Processes for acidified foods that are aseptically processes and packaged are filed under 2541a.
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Cleviprex should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Maintain aseptic technique while handling Cleviprex. Cleviprex contains phospholipids and can support microbial growth. Do not use if contamination is suspected.
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She was diagnosed with aseptic meningitis. She was discharged four days later. Two months after this she reported ongoing difficulties in word finding and headaches. CVV was identified as the causative agent by PCR, sequence analysis confirmed this identification.
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However, ventilation and CO2 concentration become a challenge, especially while trying to maintain sterile conditions (even though if there is no sugar in the growing medium, aseptic technique is still an essential practice that is required to avoid contamination).
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147Tetra Pak in Figures 2011 Tetrapak.com, retrieved 29 November 2011 Due to the aseptic technology, there was no longer a need for a cold chain, which made the package economical and suitable for warmer climates, something that greatly expanded potential markets.
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Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute phase protein whose levels rise during severe infections in humans. In case of central nervous system infections PTX3 helps distinguishes between bacterial and aseptic meningoencephalitis: in fact, it is significantly much higher in bacterial meningoencephalitis.
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Kocher made it a matter of principle to investigate the cause of every wound infection and remove every potential source of infection, he also banned visitors from his surgeries for this reason. He published multiple works on aseptic treatment and surgery.
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Burgess also noted that Whitehead's preference for aseptic surgery was demonstrated at the MRI in 1895 with an unorthodox mastectomy that omitted the use of antiseptic on the wound and thus aroused both interest and misgivings. The success of the operation was instrumental in causing a shift of practice within the hospital towards aseptic surgical methods. Whitehead was particularly noted for the invention of two surgical procedures, both of which bear his name. The first related to the surgical removal of haemorrhoids and was described in the BMJ in 1882, with a further study of 300 patients being published in 1887.
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The company went through a few organizational changes when co-founders Misra and Nuttall left the company in 2014 and 2015, respectively, leaving Kakkar and Biyani at the helm. In 2016, in a bid to increase in house consumption of the brand, Paper Boat launched 500 ml Tetra Prisma Aseptic (TPA) packs of its two most popular drinks, Aam Ras and Anar. The 500 ml packs were discontinued in 2017, when the brand expanded its offering by launching its drinks in 1 liter Tetra Prisma Aseptic cartons. This move widened the brand's reach to the multi-serve category.
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This process involved four steps: #Sterilization of product by heating and immediate cooling #Sterilization of containers and lids using steam #Filling of cooled products aseptically into previously sterilized containers #Sealing of lids at an atmosphere of saturated or super heated steam The Dole aseptic machine overcame the hindrances that caused HCF's failure, since it was able to process various container sizes, needed less maintenance time, and cost less. The quality of products processed was consistent regardless of its container size, an important characteristic for heat sensitive foods, due to its short processing time. Split pea soup was treated using the Dole aseptic machine at the following dosage: heat time of for 3.53 seconds, hold time of 8.8 seconds, and cooling to in 14.0 – 17.0 seconds, compared to the normal processing time of 40–70 minutes at . The lack of consumer interest drove foods that were processed in the Dole aseptic machine to be discontinued.
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Infection can result in a wide variety of symptoms, including those of: mild respiratory illness (the common cold), hand, foot and mouth disease, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, aseptic meningitis, myocarditis, severe neonatal sepsis-like disease, acute flaccid paralysis, and the related acute flaccid myelitis.
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The containers must then be filled in a sterile environment and can be stored for at least 6 months unrefrigerated. Although aseptic packaging is more costly, it maximizes shelf life and results in less heat damage and nutrient losses compared to hot filling.
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Symptoms of meningitis caused by an acute viral infection last between one and two weeks. When aseptic meningitis is caused by cytomegalovirus 20 percent of individuals face mortality or morbidity. If left untreated it can affect an individuals hearing and learning abilities.
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He became an early disciple of Listerian antisepsis and was to practice and promote this throughout his working life. He would later promote the techniques of aseptic surgery as these emerged as superior. He graduated MB CM from the University of Edinburgh in 1877.
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Writers who have influenced Raëlian beliefs include Zechariah Sitchin and Erich von Däniken. The International Raëlian Movement envisions having an entrance with an aseptic chamber leading to a conference room for twenty-one people as well as a dining room of the same capacity.
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McKissock was scornful of transorbital operations, considering them an offence "against established aseptic principles".W McKissock 1951 Rostral leucotomy. The Lancet, 21 July: 91-4. McKissock continued to use the standard prefrontal operation where the aim was to control the behaviour of disturbed patients.
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RABS doors are only opened at the start of an operation to perform equipment setup, and must be locked thereafter until the conclusion of operations. In contrast, other RABS designs allow for rare door openings in specified circumstances. Because this "open RABS" allows for a door to be opened to the surrounding cleanroom (albeit into a fully HEPA-filtered perimeter around the RABS structure) during aseptic operations, the design allows for higher contamination hazard than a RABS that is kept closed. If doors are opened to the "open RABS" on anything other than an exceptional basis, it may not represents an improvement over traditional aseptic processes.
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His proposers were Leonard Dobbin, Sir David Paulin, Sir James Walker and James Haig Ferguson. In 1920 Merson moved his business to larger premises on St. John’s Hill, as need for sutures was increasing. The Iodine process was used for sterilising catgut string, which thereafter was dried in the open air becoming contaminated thereby – and then transferred to Glass tubes in which it was re-sterilised by iodine solution and then, by a process of aseptic transfer, the iodine was decolourised by thiosulphate which, in turn, by further aseptic transfer, was replaced by a tubing fluid containing phenyl mercuric nitrate. The tubes were then sealed by heat.
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The hospital, which is named in honour of Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister, a British surgeon known as the pioneer of aseptic surgery, was opened by the Queen Mother in 1972. With an investment of around £150 million, the Lister hospital was transformed in October 2014.
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Unlike masonry, pigmented structural glass does not craze, swell, or warp. It is highly burn and stain resistant, and is colorfast. Since it is a glass, it is impervious to moisture. It cannot absorb pathogenic bacteria, viruses, pathogenic fungi, or parasites, and is easy to render aseptic.
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However, if gloveboxes are very meticulously designed, thoroughly disinfected (e.g., using a sporadical) and carefully operated by well-trained aseptic processing personnel to prevent introduction of microbial contamination, it is possible to obtain some degree of increased sterile product protection versus the simple traditional LAF hood.
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Staplers are commonly used intra-operatively during bowel resections in colorectal surgery. Often these staplers have an integral knife which, as the staples deploy, cuts through the bowel and maintains the aseptic field. The staples, made from surgical steel, are typically supplied in disposable sterilized cartridges.
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Rates of disease caused by HSV-2 have decreased in the United States between 1990 and 2010. Complications may rarely include aseptic meningitis, an increased risk of HIV/AIDS if exposed to HIV-positive individuals, and spread to the baby during childbirth resulting in neonatal herpes.
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In the first type, an abscess may form with or without a secondary bacterial infection. The second reaction is an aseptic fibrinous response, resulting in tissue adhesions and encapsulation and eventually foreign body granuloma. Symptoms may not present for long periods of time, sometimes months or years following surgery.
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The shelf life of pasteurized milk in HDPE bottles and LDPE pouches has been determined to be between 10 and 21 days when stored at 4-8 °C. Other factors such as light and temperature abuse have effects. Shelf life can be extended by ultrapasteurisation and aseptic processing.
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Their successful work was carried on by William Stewart Halsted who started performing radical mastectomies in 1882, helped greatly by advances in general surgical technology, such as aseptic technique and anesthesia. The Halsted radical mastectomy often involved removing both breasts, associated lymph nodes, and the underlying chest muscles.
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Stainless Steel Bioreactors Products manufactured for medical or food use must be produced in facilities designed and operated according to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) regulations. Cleanrooms are often required to control the levels of particulates and microorganisms. Sterilization and aseptic processing equipment are required for production of injectable products.
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Schimmelbusch died of tuberculosis on August 2, 1895 at the age of 34. His obituary in the British Medical Journal described him as "one of the most distinguished of the younger generation of surgeons in Berlin", and praised his work in the fields of thrombosis and aseptic techniques.
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This type of meningitis is usually caused by viruses but it may be due to bacterial infection that has already been partially treated, when bacteria disappear from the meninges, or pathogens infect a space adjacent to the meninges (e.g. sinusitis). Endocarditis (an infection of the heart valves which spreads small clusters of bacteria through the bloodstream) may cause aseptic meningitis. Aseptic meningitis may also result from infection with spirochetes, a group of bacteria that includes Treponema pallidum (the cause of syphilis) and Borrelia burgdorferi (known for causing Lyme disease). Meningitis may be encountered in cerebral malaria (malaria infecting the brain) or amoebic meningitis, meningitis due to infection with amoebae such as Naegleria fowleri, contracted from freshwater sources.
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Various vascular disorders occasionally cause psychosis, especially cerebral venous thrombosis. Puerperal women are liable to thrombosis, especially thrombophlebitis of the leg and pelvic veins; aseptic thrombi can also form in the dural venous sinuses and the cerebral veins draining into them. Most patients present with headache, vomiting, seizures and focal signs such as hemiplegia or dysphasia, but a minority of cases have a psychiatric presentation Kalbag R M, Woolf A L (1967) Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, with Special Reference to Primary Aseptic Thrombosis. Oxford, Oxford University Press.. The incidence is about 10/10,000 births in Europe and North America Lanska D J, Kryscio R J (2000) Risk factors for peripartum and postpartum stroke and intracranial venous thrombosis.
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Treatments for malakoplakia include catheterizing the affected person with full aseptic precautions. Additionally, irrigating the bladder with distilled water three times daily with 3 way Foley's catheter and urinary antiseptics like pyridium may be used to help relieve urinary symptoms. Antibiotics such as Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or Ciprofloxacin may be used.
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This includes medical and laboratory techniques, such as with microbiological cultures. It includes techniques like flame sterilization. The largest example of aseptic techniques is in hospital operating theatres. J. R. R. Tolkien later bases Lord of the Rings character 'Sam Gamgee' on this character as they live near to Mr Gamgee.
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Leander, Lars, Tetra Pak. A Vision Becomes Reality. A company history with a difference, Lund: Tetra Pak International 1996 (), pp. 195, 165 and 179 Tetra Pak's commercial break-through did not arrive until the mid-60s with the new Tetra Brik package, introduced in 1963, and the development of Aseptic technology.
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If CSF levels are irregular among individuals, they will undergo hospitalization where they receive antiviral therapy. If aseptic meningitis was caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), the individual will receive acyclovir, an antiviral drug. If infants are diagnosed, medical professionals will order regular check-ins for hearing and learning disabilities.
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The artwork was realized in Spring 2008 by the graphic artist and photographer Anna Taschini. Anna Lucylle Taschini official site Anna Lucylle Taschini official [My Space] profile The theme is focused on the aseptic atmosphere recreated with the modular use of colors, mainly red and white, with references to Japanese culture.
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In an inpatient setting, the CPhT works throughout the hospital, packing and dispensing medications in satellite pharmacies and to the various nursing units; compounding intravenous medication while using aseptic technique; narcotic medication dispensing and inventorial procedures; as well as documenting patients' weight, height, drug allergies and other needed information in medication records.
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Dr Joseph Sampson Gamgee, MRCS, FRSE (17 April 1828, Livorno, Italy – 18 September 1886) was a surgeon at the Queen's Hospital (later the General Hospital) in Birmingham, England. He pioneered aseptic surgery (having once shared lodgings with Joseph Lister), and, in 1880 invented Gamgee Tissue, an absorbent cotton wool and gauze surgical dressing.
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The foot abduction (correction) can be considered adequate when the thigh-foot axis is 60°. After maximal foot abduction is obtained, most cases require a percutaneous Achilles tenotomy. This is performed in the cast room under aseptic conditions. The local area is anesthetized with a combination of a topical lignocaine preparation (e.g.
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Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) is a rodent-borne viral infectious disease that presents as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. Its causative agent is lymphocytic choriomeningitis mammarenavirus (LCMV), a member of the family Arenaviridae. The name was coined by Charles Armstrong in 1934.Edward A. Beeman: Charles Armstrong, M.D.: A Biography, 2007 pp. 183ff.
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Meningitis is typically caused by an infection with microorganisms. Most infections are due to viruses, with bacteria, fungi, and protozoa being the next most common causes. It may also result from various non-infectious causes. The term aseptic meningitis refers to cases of meningitis in which no bacterial infection can be demonstrated.
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One of the most serious complications is pancarditis, or inflammation of all three heart tissues. A fibrinous pericarditis can develop with a classic friction rub that can be auscultated. This will give increasing pain upon reclining. Further endocarditis can develop with aseptic vegetations along the valve closure lines, in particular the mitral valve.
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Common side effects are belching, bloating, stomach discomfort or upset, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, dizziness, and flushing. Uncommon and rare side effects include angina, palpitations, hypersensitivity, itchiness, rash, hives, bleeding, hallucinations, arrhythmias, and aseptic meningitis. Contraindications include intolerance to pentoxifylline or other xanthine derivatives, recent retinal or cerebral haemorrhage, and risk factors for haemorrhage.
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In 1974 Davis bought Lougee's, a greenhouse and florist business in Belfast, Maine. He expanded the business to include North Star Orchids, an orchid nursery that was a major importer of orchids in 1975 and 1976. During that time, he designed and established a commercial plant tissue culture laboratory for North Star Orchids; the lab was one of the first commercial plant tissue culture labs to use a laminar flow hood based on millipore filters for aseptic lab work, at a time when glove boxes were the standard aseptic tissue culture work areas. Davis invented a new type of plant tissue culture vessel based on millipore filters for respiration, and that invention was published in Orchid Review, where it received international attention.
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Saturation diving (or more precisely, long term exposure to high pressure) is associated with aseptic bone necrosis, although it is not yet known if all divers are affected or only especially sensitive ones. The joints are most vulnerable to osteonecrosis. The connection between high-pressure exposure, decompression procedure and osteonecrosis is not fully understood.
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Use of ribavirin during pregnancy is generally not recommended, as some studies indicate the possibility of teratogenic effects. If aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, or meningoencephalitis develops in consequence to LCMV, hospitalization and supportive treatment may be required. In some circumstances, anti-inflammatory drugs may also be considered. In general, mortality is less than one percent.
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The mumps vaccine is a component of the Measles, Mumps and Rubella vaccine (MMR). The mumps vaccine, specifically, is 88% effective at preventing mumps. Individuals with breakthrough cases of mumps have fewer serious complications from the infections as compared to individuals unvaccinated for mumps. These complications include the development of aseptic meningitis and encephalitis.
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The patient lies face down on the table. The area of the spine that will be treated (lower back, mid back, upper back) is sterilely cleansed with an antibacterial solution using aseptic techniques. The antibacterial solution usually contains iodine and alcohol. A local anesthetic, like Bupivacaine, is injected into the area to numb the joint.
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This disease is also considered an important issue in the breed. Signs include lethargy, decreased appetite, vomiting, weakness, diarrhea, increased drinking and urination, and shivering. Aseptic meningitis (sometimes called steroid- responsive meningitis) has been diagnosed in increasing numbers in the Norwegian Toller population in recent years. Symptoms include intensive neck pain, fever, and lethargy.
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In April 1991, Sharkey began a relationship with model/actress Elena Monica, daughter of comedian Corbett Monica. In July 1991, she became ill and was hospitalized with aseptic meningitis. During a routine check, she tested positive for HIV. Monica believed she contracted the virus from Sharkey who continued to deny that he had infected her.
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The CDC emphasizes the importance of both antiseptic and aseptic approaches in avoiding SSIs, especially since Staphylococcus aureus, among other bacteria, are able to evolve drug-resistant strains that can be difficult to treat. In 2017, nearly 20,000 patients in the United States died from Staphylococcus aureus in comparison to the 16,350 from diagnosed HIV.
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Ceres Fruit Juices Pty Ltd, trading as The Ceres Beverage Company, is a beverage company based in Paarl, South Africa. It produces fruit juice and other fruit based products and is a subsidiary of Pioneer Foods. Ceres advertises their products being made from 100% fruit juice without preservatives. They are manufactured using aseptic processing.
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Aseptic WhiteReview, Metal Hammer Greece, 9/2008.Review, Scream Megazine Norway, n°130. Metal.it - Review released with "Dreamcell_11/Aural Music" is the first full-length album of the Italian industrial metal band Digitalis Purpurea. Last FM- Digitalis Purpurea biography Recorded in winter 2007/2008, was released on October 2, 2008 with a worldwide distribution.
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It is unlikely for the operation area to get infected. In this situation failure in aseptic techniques or necrosis of the lining are the main causes. Early discovery of infection is very important so complete debridement can take place before underlying cartilage is exposed. Chronically infected cartilage is cured by reelevating the flap and excising the infected parts.
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Before the 1850s, surgeons usually amputated the limbs for those with open fractures, as it was associated with severe sepsis and gangrene which can be life threatening. It was only until the 20th century, when Joseph Lister adopted the aseptic technique in surgeries, that the rate of death from open fractures reduced from 50% to 9%.
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For example, self-sterilizing packaging might eliminate the need for peroxide treatment in aseptic packaging. Antimicrobial polymers can also be used to cover surfaces of food processing equipment as self-sanitizer. Examples include filter gaskets, conveyors, gloves, garments, and other personal hygiene equipment. Some polymers are inherently antimicrobial and have been used in films and coatings.
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In April 1994, Nongshim introduced aseptic production system for cold noodles. In 2007, The Noksan factory was built to specialize in non-frying noodles and well-being (health) products. During the 1990s, Nongshim focused on exporting and expanded their business in the global market. In July, 1997, Nongshim began sponsoring the national Baduk Championship: Shin Ramyun Cup Baduk Championship.
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Pasteurizing pineapple juice stops the enzymes that cause browning. The pasteurized pineapple juice is put in iron drums lined with aseptic aluminum-plastic composite bags. After cooling, the pineapple juice is put into bottles or cans using a filling machine. Pineapple juice powder is made by spraying pineapple juice on tapioca maltodextrin and leaving it to dry.
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In the clinical setting the applying of the antiembolism stockings is performed by physicians, nurses and other trained personnel. First the proper size stocking is determined by measuring the legs. Aseptic technique is not necessary unless the skin is open. The person is placed in the supine position in bed for fifteen minutes prior to measuring for fit.
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Occasionally, a patient improves for a few days, then relapses with aseptic meningitis, or very rarely, meningoencephalitis. Patients with meningitis may have a stiff neck, fever, headache, myalgia, nausea and malaise. In some occasions, meningitis occurs without a prodromal syndrome. Meningoencephalitis is characterized by more profound neurological signs such as confusion, drowsiness, sensory abnormalities and motor signs.
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At the highest quality of retention, unopened grape juice can be stored for 6–12 months unrefrigerated. After opening, grape juice can be stored for approximately 7–10 days in the refrigerator before spoilage occurs. Aseptic processing can also be used, which requires the grape juice to be sterilized before packaging. There are different methods of sterilization.
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The main contractor for the new hospital was Lucas Brothers. It was one of the first hospitals to start nurse training, in 1856. Pioneer of aseptic surgery Joseph Lister performed the first major elective surgery under strict antiseptic conditions in 1877. He helped propel the hospital to have a surgical unit comparable with the best in Europe.
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He graduated with Honors and Distinction, with election to the Phi Beta Kappa honor society. Burke attended medical school at Harvard University from 1980 to 1984. Influential instructors included Hardy Hendren, Paul Buttenweiser, Judah Folkman, and Nobel Prize winner Baruj Benacerraf. Nicholas Tilney taught a course in aseptic surgical technique to Harvard Medical students, and was a mentor.
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Through experimentation, he demonstrated the importance of debridement (removal of infected tissue) within a six-hour time limit.PL Friedrich: Aseptic supply fresh wounds Arch Klin Chir 57 (1898), pp. 288-310. He also did extensive work involving diseases that included peritonitis and tuberculosis. He is credited for introducing the practice of using seamless rubber gloves during surgery.
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Multi-seat valve with pneumatic actuator Multi-seat valves, or multi-port valves, are used to shut off or control complex liquid flows in sterile areas in the beverage and food industry as well as in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industry. Multi-seat valves often replace combinations of several single-seated valves in aseptic processing.
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Joseph Lister was a pioneer of antiseptic surgery. Apparatus to sterilize surgical instruments, Verwaltungsgebäude der Schweiz. Kranken- und Hilfsanstalt, 1914-1918 In general, surgical instruments and medications that enter an already aseptic part of the body (such as the bloodstream, or penetrating the skin) must be sterile. Examples of such instruments include scalpels, hypodermic needles, and artificial pacemakers.
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This approximates a fetal position as much as possible. Patients may also sit on a stool and bend their head and shoulders forward. The area around the lower back is prepared using aseptic technique. Once the appropriate location is palpated, local anaesthetic is infiltrated under the skin and then injected along the intended path of the spinal needle.
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Bapineuzumab is an antibody to the beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques that are believed to underlie Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. In previous clinical trials for vaccination against human beta amyloid, called AN-1792, patients with Alzheimer's disease using active immunization had positive outcomes with removal of plaques, but 6% of subjects developed aseptic meningitis and the trial was stopped.
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An additional transgenic model in which desmoglein-2 was knocked out in a cardiac-specific manner showed a loss of adhesive function at intercalated discs in adult animals, albeit normal heart development. In adulthood, 100% of transgenic mutant mice developed chamber dilation, necrosis, aseptic inflammation, fibrosis and conduction defects, as well as modified distribution of connexin-43.
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The key way to determine a carbon footprint is to look at the materials used to make the item. For example, a juice carton is made of an aseptic carton, a beer can is made of aluminum, and some water bottles either made of glass or plastic. The larger the size, the larger the footprint will be.
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In 1936, Friedrich Wegener described the disease that once bore his name, Wegener disease, as systemic disorder characterized by aseptic vasculitis granulomatrous inflammation and vasculitis which affects the upper and lower respiratory tracts and the kidneys. WG is a relatively rare disorder, occurring in 1/25,000 persons. Non-neoplastic Disorders of the Lower Respiratory Tract. by William D Travis.
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In fact, in newborns, the mortality rate is 70%. The next set of age group, like children, have similar but varying symptoms of sore throat, rashes, and diarrhea. In adults, symptoms and the harshness of them tend to be less in duration. Additionally, the probability of developing aseptic meningitis increases when patients have a case of mumps or herpes.
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PCR is frequently used to for rapid identification of specific DNA viruses from the CSF, while Reverse transcriptase PCR is commonly used to identify RNA viruses in the CSF.Irani, D (2008). "Aseptic Meningitis and Viral Myelitis", Neurologic Clinics, 26(635). The accuracy of this diagnostic tool is limited by the amount of the virus present in the CSF.
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In most city centers there is also home delivery of milk in glass jugs. As seen in China, sweetened and flavored milk drinks are commonly seen in vending machines. ;Kenya :Milk in Kenya is mostly sold in plastic-coated aseptic paper cartons supplied in 300 mL, 500 mL or 1 liter volumes. In rural areas, milk is stored in plastic bottles or gourds.
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SET domain containing 3 (SETD3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SETD3 gene. It is a methyl transferase implicated in the replication of all enteroviruses. A mouse line deficient in SETD3 expression was shown to be immune to enterovirus infection. This could pave the way for the prevention of diseases like the common cold, myocarditis, aseptic meningitis and polio.
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The company sells milk products under the "Mother Dairy" brand. Safal is the fruit and vegetable arm of Mother Dairy. It operates a large number of fruit and vegetable stores in the NCR, and also has a significant presence in Bengaluru. Safal also has a plant in Bengaluru, which produces around 23,000 MT of aseptic fruit pulp and concentrates annually.
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In 1886, he opened his own private hospital on Königsweg in Kiel, where he implemented modern principles of asepsis. Neuber's clinic in Kiel is considered to be the first aseptic hospital in the world.Wir Kieler (biography) In 1879 he developed a "decalcified bone tube" for wound drainage. In the field of plastic surgery, he introduced a procedure for "fat auto-grafting".
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Joule heating (Ohmic heating) is a flash pasteurization (also called "high-temperature short-time" (HTST)) aseptic process that runs an alternating current of 50–60 Hz through food. Heat is generated through the electrical resistance of the food. As the product heats up, electrical conductivity increases linearly. A higher electrical current frequency is best as it reduces oxidation and metallic contamination.
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Heubner is considered one of the fathers of pediatric medicine. He also made important contributions to the treatment of infectious and gastrointestinal diseases. He was instrumental in improving infant mortality at the Charité, and introduced aseptic practices into the hospital environment. With Max Rubner (1854–1932), he investigated energy metabolism in infants, creating the concept of a nutrition quotient.Find-health-articles.
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Historically, the process of diagnosis involved attempting to identify any infectious causes as these may be treatable with antibiotics or other medications. Lumbar puncture would be performed to collect cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to culture for bacterial growth. Growth indicated a bacterial meningitis, while no growth indicated another cause denoted "aseptic" meningitis. The most common form of this is viral meningitis.
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This usually requires rehospitalization and retreatment. Treatment with IVIG can cause allergic and nonallergic acute reactions, aseptic meningitis, fluid overload, and rarely, other serious reactions. Overall, life-threatening complications resulting from therapy for Kawasaki disease are exceedingly rare, especially compared with the risk of nontreatment. Evidence indicates Kawasaki disease produces altered lipid metabolism that persists beyond the clinical resolution of the disease.
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Coriell Institute was chartered in 1953 as the South Jersey Medical Research Foundation Laboratory and constructed facilities in 1956. The laboratory was later named for director Lewis L. Coriell, who had worked at the Camden Municipal Hospital and developed aseptic tissue culture techniques that ultimately allowed poliovirus to be grown in culture. Dr. Coriell also led the field trials for the resulting vaccine.
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Following filling the mandrels are retracted and a secondary top mould seals the container. All actions take place inside a sterile shrouded chamber inside the machine. The product is then discharged to a non-sterile area for labeling, packaging and distribution. Blow-fill-seal technology reduces personnel intervention making it a more robust method for the aseptic preparation of sterile pharmaceuticals.
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Viremia was recorded seven days after the onset of fever; this is a longer period of viremia than what is normally observed in cases of Bunyaviridae infections. The second human case of CVV was a 41-year-old man from Wisconsin in October 2003. He developed an acute illness with severe nausea, vomiting, fatigue and headache. He was diagnosed with acute aseptic meningitis.
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Sterilization was achieved through the use of direct steam injection of and then cooled. The food treated using this technique was described as an "excellent cream product" and 75–100 containers were produced each minute. Later in the 1940s, the Dole Aseptic Process was developed by McKinley Martin. The foods processed ranged from soups to specialty sauces, fruits, and dairy products.
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A company history with a difference, Lund: Tetra Pak International 1996 (), p. 27f In March 1944 he filed for a patent, and in 1951 Tetra Pak was created as a subsidiary to Åkerlund & Rausing. The tetrahedron package made Tetra Pak one of the world's most successful companies. The package is still sold today under the name of Tetra Classic Aseptic.
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During an outbreak, a diagnosis can be made by determining recent exposure and parotitis. However, when the disease incidence is low, other infectious causes of parotitis should be considered, such as HIV, coxsackievirus, and influenza. Some viruses such as enteroviruses may cause aseptic meningitis that is very clinically similar to mumps. A physical examination confirms the presence of the swollen glands.
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Tetra Pak was founded in Lund in 1951 by Ruben Rausing. Their principal product is packages and equipment for aseptic packaging of food, principally using plastic-coated cardboard. As of January 2015 Tetra Pak employed around 3,500 staff at their headquarters in Lund. The pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca used to have a large presence in Lund but their offices closed in 2010.
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Sale in 1-liter plastic bags (common in the 1980s) is now rare. ;Hong Kong : Milk is sold in glass bottles (220 mL), cartons (236 mL and 1 L), plastic jugs (2 liters) and aseptic cartons (250 mL). ;India : Commonly sold in 500 mL plastic bags and in bottles in some parts like in the West. It is still customary to serve the milk boiled, despite pasteurization.
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In most cases these effects are non-dangerous and reversible after cessation or reduction of treatment. Nevertheless, recommendation is that all patients should be monitored through laboratory blood analyses, including liver function tests, to ensure safe use of interferons. To help prevent injection-site reactions, patients are advised to rotate injection sites and use an aseptic injection technique. Injection devices are available to optimize the injection process.
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Current or previous infection can be detected through a blood test. However, some authors note that such complement-fixation tests are insensitive and should not be used for diagnosis. Dr. Clare A. Dykewicz, et al. state, : Infection with LCMV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any compatible, severe viral infection or aseptic meningitis, especially when there is a history of occupational exposure to laboratory rodents.
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Aseptic technique should be used when handling Cleviprex since it contains phospholipids and can support microbial growth. Cleviprex is administered intravenously and should be titrated to achieve the desired blood pressure reduction. Blood pressure and heart rate should be monitored continually during infusion. Cleviprex is a single use product that should not be diluted and should not be administered in the same line as other medications.
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Foods that are processed aseptically have better nutritional, vitamin, and natural pigment retention (chlorophyll, anthocyanins, betalains, carotenoids) compared to canned food products because of the lower temperature the foods are subjected to upon processing. Aseptic processing provides flexibility in using various container sizes as well as possibility of addition of bioactive and heat-sensitive components after processing (probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acids).
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IMA Life S.r.l (previously known as IMA Edwards, Libra and BOC Edwards Pharmaceutical Systems) is one of the few companies which are prominent in the manufacturing of freeze dryers especially for the pharmaceutical and biotechnological companies, aseptic processing and filling solutions. It was previously owned by the BOC Group and then the Linde Group until recently when it was bought by the IMA Group based in Italy.
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Ideally, a surgical field is sterile, meaning it is free of all biological contaminants (e.g. fungi, bacteria, viruses), not just those that can cause disease, putrefaction, or fermentation. Even in an aseptic state, a condition of sterile inflammation may develop. The term often refers to those practices used to promote or induce asepsis in an operative field of surgery or medicine to prevent infection.
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Therapure BioPharma, Inc. is a Canadian biopharmaceutical industry and biotechnology company, headquartered in Mississauga, Ontario, a privately held, integrated Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (CDMO). Founded in 2008, the firm provides a range of therapeutic protein development and manufacturing services including; technology transfer & process development, analytical development and testing, scale up and cGMP manufacturing, and aseptic fill/finish and lyophilization. , the company has over 90 employees.
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Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus are often the associated bacteria. Cavernous sinus thrombosis symptoms include: decrease or loss of vision, chemosis, exophthalmos (bulging eyes), headaches, and paralysis of the cranial nerves which course through the cavernous sinus. This infection is life- threatening and requires immediate treatment, which usually includes antibiotics and sometimes surgical drainage. Aseptic cavernous sinus thrombosis is usually associated with trauma, dehydration, anemia, and other disorders.
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Neurological side effects like aseptic meningitis and encephalopathy have been observed. Possibly, they are also caused by the T cell activation. Repeated application can result in tachyphylaxis (reduced effectiveness) due to the formation of anti-mouse antibodies in the patient, which accelerates elimination of the drug. It can also lead to an anaphylactic reaction against the mouse protein, which may be difficult to distinguish from a CRS.
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Curt Theodor Schimmelbusch (November 16, 1860 – August 2, 1895) was a German physician and pathologist who invented the Schimmelbusch mask, for the safe delivery of anaesthetics to surgical patients. He was also a key figure in the development of mechanical methods of sterilisation and disinfection for surgical procedures, on which his Anleitung zur aseptischen Wundbehandlung ("Guide to the aseptic treatment of wounds") was considered a seminal work.
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It does not, however, contain more glucose, and is nutritionally identical to regular milk. Finland, where approximately 17% of the Finnish- speaking population has hypolactasia, has had "HYLA" (acronym for hydrolyzed lactose) products available for many years. Lactose of low-lactose level cow's milk products, ranging from ice cream to cheese, is enzymatically hydrolyzed into glucose and galactose. The ultra-pasteurization process, combined with aseptic packaging, ensures a long shelf life.
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Although founded in 1938, the company was incorporated in Singapore on 20 December 1955 as Yeo Hiap Seng Canning and Sauce Factory Private Limited and was listed on 7 November 1968 and renamed to its present shorter name. The 1950s saw the company can curry chicken, pioneer the bottling of soy milk, and package Asian drinks in Tetra Brik aseptic containers using the Ultra-high temperature processing system.
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Implant biofilm is frequently present in "aseptic" pseudarthrosis cases. Furthermore it has been noted that bacterial biofilms may impair cutaneous wound healing and reduce topical antibacterial efficiency in healing or treating infected skin wounds. Early detection of biofilms in wounds is crucial to successful chronic wound management. Although many techniques have developed to identify planktonic bacteria in viable wounds, few have been able to quickly and accurately identify bacterial biofilms.
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Treatment for enteroviral infection is mainly supportive. In cases of pleurodynia, treatment consists of analgesics to relieve the severe pain that occurs in patients with the disease; in some severe cases, opiates may be needed. Treatment for aseptic meningitis caused by enteroviruses is also mainly symptomatic. In patients with enteroviral carditis, treatment consists of the prevention and treatment of complications such as arrhythmias, pericardial effusion, and cardiac failure.
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The very first cataract operation in Serbia was performed by Lazarević in aseptic conditions, when cocaine was applied to anesthesia. He was also the first doctor to be sent by Serbia to Vienna in 1884 to learn how to prepare animal lymph. In 1880, he described, in the Serbian Archives, a sign that is now called after him and Dr. Lasèque in neurology, The Lazarević/Lasèque sign or Straight leg raise.
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Hands-on training in aseptic processing is also offered four times a year at the facility. Areas of emphasis are the university's research efforts, which receive nearly $100 million in yearly grants from the National Institutes of Health and private foundations. The Translational Science Research Building and the Cancer Research Building house collaborative research teams for the UTHSC campus. The school was segregated for most of its history.
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Returnable glass milk bottles Milk can be shipped in many forms. One of the traditional forms was reusable returnable glass milk bottles, often home delivered by a milkman. While some of this continues, other options have recently been more common: one-way gable-top paperboard cartons, one-way aseptic cartons, one-way recyclable glass bottles, one-way milk bags, and others. Each system claims some advantages and also has possible disadvantages.
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Recent medical advances allows rapid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing that analyzes the CSF for DNA or RNA. This can quickly determine if there are bacterial or viral species present in the CSF. If these are ruled out, as well as other causes such as parasitic or fungal causes, then the cause of the meningitis is likely noninfectious in nature. DIAM is among these noninfectious causes of aseptic meningitis.
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Mikulicz-Radecki's grave in Świebodzice Jan Mikulicz-Radecki () was a Polish surgeon. He was born on 16 May 1850 in Czerniowce in the Austrian Empire (present-day Chernivtsi in Ukraine) and died on 4 June 1905 in Breslau, German Empire. He was professor in Kraków, Wrocław, and Królewiec (Königsberg). He was the inventor of new operating techniques and tools, and is one of the pioneers of antiseptics and aseptic techniques.
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In general, group A coxsackieviruses tend to infect the skin and mucous membranes, causing herpangina; acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis; and hand, foot, and mouth (HFM) disease. Both group A and group B coxsackieviruses can cause nonspecific febrile illnesses, rashes, upper respiratory tract disease, and aseptic meningitis. The basic reproduction number (R0) for Coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16) was estimated to a median of 2.50 with an interquartile range of 1.96 to 3.67.
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To be trained by Gray gave young surgeons a confidence that boded well for future success.Smith, F.K., Sir Henry Gray, K.B.E., C.B., C.M.G., The Aberdeen University Review, 1939, Vol XXVI pp. 47-49. A well as credited with bringing aseptic surgery to Aberdeen, he was instrumental in introducing local anaesthesia to surgery in Britain.Porter, R.M.M., Recent Aberdeen Medical Teachers: Sir Henry Gray, K.B.E., C.B., C.M.G., LL.D, F.R.C.S.(Ed).
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Its manufacturing capabilities include bacterial and viral seed banking, fermentation, purification (bacterial and viral proteins), and aseptic filling. The facility can perform whole campaigns from beginning to end or any individual function listed above under GMP conditions. The facility also has the capability to perform different viral titer assays on a contracted basis. The Facility has a Type V Facility Master File on file with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
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NSAIDs may increase the risk of bleeding in patients with Dengue fever For this reason, NSAIDs are only available with a prescription in India. In very rare cases, ibuprofen can cause aseptic meningitis. As with other drugs, allergies to NSAIDs might exist. While many allergies are specific to one NSAID, up to 1 in 5 people may have unpredictable cross-reactive allergic responses to other NSAIDs as well.
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CNS involvement most often occurs as a chronic meningoencephalitis. Lesions tend to occur in the brainstem, the basal ganglia and deep hemispheric white matter and may resemble those of MS. Brainstem atrophy is seen in chronic cases. Neurological involvements range from aseptic meningitis to vascular thrombosis such as dural sinus thrombosis and organic brain syndrome manifesting with confusion, seizures, and memory loss. Sudden hearing loss (Sensorineural) is often associated with it.
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Using an aseptic technique, bacteria are placed on a slide and heat fixed. The slide is then suspended over a water bath with some sort of porus paper over it, so that the slide is steamed. Malachite green is applied to the slide, which can penetrate the tough walls of the endospores, staining them green. After five minutes, the slide is removed from the steam, and the paper towel is removed.
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A small fetomaternal hemorrhage could cause an increase in maternal antigens, while a large fetomaternal hemorrhage could cause fetal anemia and death. Fetal bradycardia, low heart rate, is another complication that may occur. Most cases of fetal bradycardia are self-resolved within five minutes. The complication of infection has a low incidence rate, and preventative measures are implemented against the risk of infection, such as antibiotic usage and the aseptic technique.
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Vaporized hydrogen peroxide is a dry gaseous method that has been used as a reliable alternative for aseptic processing isolators, and more recently, for room/facility decontamination. hydrogen peroxide and silver in solution, this is non-toxic, eco-friendly, chlorine-free, non-mutagenic agents.various forms of H2O2 is available, having the concentration of 10% H2O2 with acidic pH and odorless. It is diluted in water and does not cost material.
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During the war, Leriche's idea was to differentiate the traditional white linen in which the wounded were brought from the laundry of the aseptic surgical operating rooms. He chose blue and had the surgical rooms painted blue. All the linen of the operating rooms is also blue: operating linen, casaques, caps, masks. The colour would be adopted worldwide, and the convention will make it possible to minimise infectious contamination.
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After that, Robert William Smith, professor of surgery in Dublin, Ireland, first described the characteristics of volar displacement of distal radius fractures. In 1895, with the advent of X-rays, the visualisation of the distal radius fracture become more apparent. Lucas- Champonnière first described the management of fractures using massage and early mobilization techniques. Anaesthesia, aseptic technique, immbolization, and external fixation all have contributed to the management of fixation of distal radius fracture.
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With the improvement of aseptic industrial production processes this can be extended to about 30 days at a cool 6 °C. Its production reaches 35,000 tons annually. Morcilla de Burgos, a pig's-blood sausage (black pudding), is a staple country food known across the Iberian peninsula. Spiced with onions and herbs its most noticeable content is rice (often mistaken for fat) which makes it one of the lightest and healthiest products of its kind.
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Amongst those he worked with there, who helped him and his work, was the senior apothecary and later MD, Alexander Gunn. Lister's fame had spread by then, and audiences of 400 often came to hear him lecture. As the germ theory of disease became more understood, it was realised that infection could be better avoided by preventing bacteria from getting into wounds in the first place. This led to the rise of aseptic surgery.
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During the second phase of the virus, a high fever can return with an increase in symptoms. CTF can be very severe in cases involving children and can even require hospitalization. Complications with this disease have included aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and hemorrhagic fever, but these are rare. CTF is seasonal, mostly occurring in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States and usually in altitudes from 4,000 to 10,000 feet (1.600 to 3.000 meters).
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The diseases derived from arenaviruses range in severity. Aseptic meningitis, a severe human disease that causes inflammation covering the brain and spinal cord, can arise from the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Hemorrhagic fever syndromes, including Lassa fever, are derived from infections such as Guanarito virus, Junin virus, Lassa virus, Lujo virus, Machupo virus, Sabia virus, or Whitewater Arroyo virus. Because of the epidemiological association with rodents, some arenaviruses and bunyaviruses are designated as roboviruses.
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Electron-beam processing has the ability to break the chains of DNA in living organisms, such as bacteria, resulting in microbial death and rendering the space they inhabit sterile. E-beam processing has been used for the sterilization of medical products and aseptic packaging materials for foods, as well as disinfestation, the elimination of live insects from grain, tobacco, and other unprocessed bulk crops.Singh, A., Silverman, J., eds. Radiation Processing of Polymers.
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1880: Gamgee Tissue, a surgical dressing with a thick layer of absorbent cotton wool between two layers of absorbent gauze, is invented by Joseph Sampson Gamgee. It represents the first use of cotton wool in a medical context, and is a major advancement in the prevention of infection of surgical wounds. It is still the basis for many modern surgical dressings. Gamgee also invents the aseptic technique, a procedure that is performed under sterile conditions.
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Kumar, P. & Clark, M. Clinical Medicine, 6th ed. Londonn: W.B. Saunders; 2005. Potential causes of cavernous sinus syndrome include metastatic tumors, direct extension of nasopharyngeal tumours, meningioma, pituitary tumors or pituitary apoplexy, aneurysms of the intracavernous carotid artery, carotid-cavernous fistula, bacterial infection causing cavernous sinus thrombosis, aseptic cavernous sinus thrombosis, idiopathic granulomatous disease (Tolosa–Hunt syndrome), and fungal infections. Cavernous sinus syndrome is a medical emergency, requiring prompt medical attention, diagnosis, and treatment.
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The involvement of the peripheral or central nervous system is relatively rare and only occurs in 3% of persons affected with RP, and is sometimes seen in a relation with concomitant vasculitis. The most common neurological manifestation are palsies of the cranial nerves V and VII. Also hemiplegia, ataxia, myelitis and polyneuropathy have been reported in scientific literature. Very rare neurological manifestations include aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, stroke, focal or generalized seizures and intracranial aneurysm.
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The Garlock family of companies comprises three businesses: Garlock Sealing Technologies, GPT, and Garlock Hygienic Technologies, which includes Rubber Fab and The Aseptic Group. Together, they provide high-performance fluid sealing and pipeline solutions with an emphasis on safety, longevity, and productivity. Garlock serves a diverse range of industries including pharmaceutical, food and beverage, pulp and paper, metals and mining, marine, water / waste water, chemical processing, oil and gas, and power generation markets.
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The broth will be moved up to the needle so that the needle tip is submerged while maintaining the needle's original position. Careful swirling of the needle can help the inoculation of the microorganism from the needle to the sterile broth. The inoculated broth culture is then removed from the needle. Aseptic technique is applied to the open end of the broth culture to prevent contaminants, and the needle is flamed for sterilization.
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Milk is often buffalo milk. Flavored milk is sold in most convenience stores in waxed cardboard containers. Convenience stores also sell many varieties of milk (such as flavored and ultra-pasteurized) in various sizes, usually in aseptic cartons. ;Indonesia : Usually sold in 1-liter cartons, but smaller, snack-sized cartons are available. ;Israel A plastic bag of milk in Israel : Non-UHT milk is most commonly sold in 1-liter waxed cardboard boxes and 1-liter plastic bags.
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Between 2011 and 2013, the theatre was closed for rebuilding, as part of the Library of Birmingham complex. The company worked from other local theatres during that time. There are two blue plaques on the exterior of the building, one commemorating the pioneer of aseptic surgery, Sampson Gamgee, who once lived on the site. The REP also has a youth theatre called "The Young REP" which attend Saturday classes and produce and perform their own drama.
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AMRI (Albany Molecular Research Inc.) is a contract research and manufacturing organization that provides drug discovery, development, cGMP manufacturing and aseptic fill and finish to the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Founded over 27 years ago, AMRI operates in the United States, Europe and Asia, with its headquarters located in Albany, New York. AMRI has announced deals and collaborations with such companies as Pfizer Inc., Merck & Co., Eli Lilly and Co., Takeda, Genentech, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. and GE.
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SIG Combibloc focuses on aseptic packaging and remains an innovator in the liquid food and beverage packaging industry, providing full-scale systems and manufacturing supplies for companies in over 65 countries. In 2016, the company introduced Combibloc RS Composite, a composite structural inner layer which increases system stability and reduces the carbon footprint of carton packs."Germany's SIG Combibloc develops new combibloc RS composite structure for carton packs", RISI Technology Channels, December 15, 2016. Retrieved August 22, 2018.
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MRI and CT imaging of the brain has shown changes consistent with blood-brain barrier disruption or cerebral edema including T2-weighted changes that were normalized after resolution of the condition. In patients with SLE, DIAM should be distinguished from lupus aseptic meningitis (LAM). This can be done by CSF analysis (DIAM has a neutrophilic predominance while LAM has a lymphocytic predominance), as well as assessment of relevant labs such as complement levels and signs of Lupus flareup.
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Surgical technologist demonstrating proper precautionary raised idle hand position A surgical technologist, also called a scrub, scrub tech, surgical technician, or operating room technician, is an allied health professional working as a part of the team delivering surgical care. Surgical technologists are members of the surgical team. The members of the team include the surgeon, surgeon's assistant, circulator nurse and anesthesia provider (anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist). They possess knowledge and skills in sterile and aseptic techniques.
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Some medications, such as certain antipsychotics, can be administered as long-acting intramuscular injections.Stahl SM, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical applications, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008 Ongoing IV infusions can be used to deliver continuous medication or fluids.Smeltzer SC Bare BG, Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 9th ed, Philadelphia: Lippincott, 2000. Disadvantages of injections include potential pain or discomfort for the patient and the requirement of trained staff using aseptic techniques for administration.
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The center also offers an undergraduate minor for NC State students and a post-baccalaureate certificate for non-degree students. Professional development courses are offered to individuals or can be customized for industry partners. BTEC has trained investigators from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in bioprocessing methods, analytical techniques, and aseptic manufacturing. BTEC has also trained influenza vaccine manufacturing employees from around the world as part of a contract with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA).
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Elmer R. Gates was born near Dayton, Ohio in 1859. Most of his education took place with private tutors. He married Phebe Edson in 1894, and they had three children. Gates's inventions include the foam fire extinguisher, an improved electric iron, an aseptic brewing and fermenting process, electric loom mechanisms, diamagnetic and magnetic separators for extracting gold from sand, an incandescent gas mantle furnace, the educational toy "Box and Block," and numerous other mechanical, scientific, psychological, and educational devices.
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The most commonly applied technique to provide a safe and shelf-stable milk is heat treatment. The first system involving indirect heating with continuous flow ( for 6 min) was manufactured in 1893. In 1912, a continuous-flow, direct- heating method of mixing steam with milk at temperatures of was patented. However, without commercially available aseptic packaging systems to pack and store the product, such technology was not very useful in itself, and further development was stalled until the 1950s.
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Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is the formation of a blood clot within the cavernous sinus, a cavity at the base of the brain which drains deoxygenated blood from the brain back to the heart. This is a rare disorder and can be of two types–septic cavernous thrombosis and aseptic cavernous thrombosis. Most commonly the form is of septic cavernous sinus thrombosis. The cause is usually from a spreading infection in the nose, sinuses, ears, or teeth.
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In inoculation the inoculation needle is first employed to transfer microbial life forms from a culture to the needle to be used in further inoculating procedures. Sources of inoculum include broth cultures, slant cultures, and plate cultures. ; Broth culture An inoculation needle is used in the transfer of microorganisms from a broth culture by first employing a vortex mixer to ensure a uniform suspension of the microorganisms within the broth. Aseptic technique is then applied to the needle.
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The transfer from broth to needle concludes with flaming the open end of the broth culture and the closing of the lid while keeping the needle hand immobile. ; Slant culture In slant culture transfer, the inoculation needle will be first treated with the aseptic technique by flaming. The slant culture cap is then removed and secured using the needle hand. Flaming the open end of the slant culture will prevent contamination and the formation of aerosols.
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The inoculation needle inoculates the sterile agar by the manipulation of the media so that the needle tip grazes the agar surface in a zigzag pattern. Aseptic technique is then applied to the withdrawn inoculation needle. ; Plate culture Inoculation of a plate culture is done through the streaking technique to make a streak plate. After lifting the lid so that it hovers above the sterile agar plate, the inoculation needle will be streaked across the plate in controlled directions.
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Striving to make the conditions of experiments as similar as possible to clinical conditions, Professor Kravkov laid the foundation of a new trend in pharmacology known as pathologic pharmacology. This field of pharmacology studies the peculiarities of drug effect on certain experimentally caused pathologic conditions in animals — e.g. atherosclerosis in rabbits, aseptic or infectious inflammations, etc. - and the effect of chemical substances on isolated human heart, kidney or fingers of those who died from an illness or injuries.
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Octave Roch Simon Terrillon Octave Roch Simon Terrillon (17 May 1844, Oigny- sur-Seine - 22 December 1895, Paris) was a French physician and surgeon, known as a pioneer of aseptic surgery. From 1868 he worked as a hospital interne in Paris, where in 1873 he received his medical doctorate. In 1876 he qualified as a hospital surgeon, and eventually became associated with the Salpêtrière Hospital. In 1878 he became an associate professor at the faculty of medicine in Paris.
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The standard unit of measuring milk quantity in Kenya is a liter. ;Pakistan : Milk is supplied in 500 mL plastic bags and carried in jugs from rural to cities for selling ;Philippines : Milk is supplied in 1000 mL plastic bottles and delivered from factories to cities for selling. ;Poland : UHT milk is mostly sold in aseptic cartons (500 mL, 1 L, 2 L), and non-UHT in 1 L plastic bags or plastic bottles. Milk, UHT is commonly boiled, despite being pasteurized.
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Milk is sold at supermarkets in either aseptic cartons or HDPE bottles. Supermarkets have also now begun to introduce milk in bags, to be poured from a proprietary jug and nozzle. ;United States : Commonly sold in gallon (3.78 L), half-gallon (1.89 L) and quart (0.94 L) containers of natural-colored HDPE resin, or, for sizes less than one gallon, cartons of waxed paperboard. Bottles made of opaque PET are also becoming commonplace for smaller, particularly metric, sizes such as one liter.
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First aid kits can be assembled in almost any type of container, and this will depend on whether they are commercially produced or assembled by an individual. Standard kits often come in durable plastic boxes, fabric pouches or in wall mounted cabinets. The type of container will vary depending on the purpose, and they range in size from wallet-sized through to large box. It is recommended that all kits are in a clean, waterproof container to keep the contents safe and aseptic.
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They were changed back and > forth according to the work to be done. The hands were sterilized, made > aseptic with antiseptics, thoroughly washed with soap and water and used > sterile gauze afterwards to keep them clean. Next, cutting instrument, knife > was used to expose the lower skin ... in other words, take off the epidermis > and expose the derma, then alternately the acid and the alkaloid was applied > as was necessary to produce the desired results.Piquett vs USA, Loeser's > testimony, pp.
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Francis James Browne (1879–1963) was professor of obstetrics and gynaecology and first director of the obstetric unit at University College Hospital, London, which was opened in 1926. He was known as ‘FJ’. Browne was appointed Professor at the University of London and the first full-time director of the newly established Obstetric Unit, opened by the Prince of Wales in 1926. Browne established a modern labour ward service, with one senior sister in charge and improved antiseptic and aseptic techniques.
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The hospital was known for its use of aseptic techniques, only resorting to amputation for infection once in the first five years. Despite the fact that patients generally feared hospitals, in 1893 and 1894 that the hospital often went over capacity and had to turn away admissions. Some patients would wait weeks for admission. Early on, money was set aside for repairs to the old building and construction of a new ward, but it turned out not to be enough.
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In limited cases, they can also be used to protect a sterile product, when supplied with ISO 5 unidirectional air. However, in some notable cases, gloveboxes used for aseptic processing have provided no more sterile product protection than the traditional laminar air flow hood (LAF) design of the 1960s. In these cases, the glove boxes were problematic due to inappropriate design or controls (e.g., insufficient disinfection, transfer of contaminated materials, ingress of lower quality air into glovebox, poor design/integrity, poor transfers).
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Holdsworth S.D, Aseptic Processing and Packaging of Food Products, 1992. , 9781851667758 The z-value of an organism in a particular medium is the temperature change required for the D-value to change by a factor of ten, or put another way, the temperature required for the thermal destruction curve to move one log cycle. It is the reciprocal of the slope resulting from the plot of the logarithm of the D-value versus the temperature at which the D-value was obtained.
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Opened in 1985, the hospital occupies the former premises of the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine; both were named in honour of Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister, a British surgeon considered to be the pioneer of aseptic surgery. It has 57 beds in inpatient wards on three floors and a six-bedded Critical Care Unit and specialises in orthopaedics, gynaecology, dermatology, gastroenterology, ophthalmology and plastic surgery, and also runs a fertility clinic. It generates revenue per bed of circa £1 million a year.
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The risk of complications is decreased when proper aseptic technique is followed, and by the use of the imaging guidance. These complications include an epidural abscess due to infection, temporary increased pain, puncture of the sack containing spinal fluid, excess bleeding, nerve damage, leakage of local anesthetic into the spinal canal, and spondylodiscitis (disc inflammation). Most of the symptoms last 24–48 hours and are usually relieved by a cold compress and NSAIDS. The numbness should wear off in a few hours.
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Sanaria is a biotechnology company developing vaccines protective against malaria and now recently COVID-19, as well as related products for use in malaria research. Sanaria’s vaccines are based on the use of the sporozoite (SPZ) stage of the malaria Plasmodium parasite as immunogen. The SPZ stage of the malaria parasite is inoculated into humans by mosquito bite. Sanaria has developed the technology to grow and harvest aseptic, purified Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) SPZ and formulate them for use in vaccines for human use.
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Benefits of Ohmic heating include: uniform and rapid heating (>1°Cs−1), less cooking time, better energy efficiency, lower capital cost, and volumetric heating as compared to aseptic processing, canning, and PEF. Volumetric heating allows internal heating instead of transferring heat from a secondary medium. This results in the production of safe, high quality food with minimal changes to structural, nutritional, and organoleptic properties of food. Heat transfer is uniform to reach areas of food that are harder to heat.
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Hip prosthesis displaying aseptic loosening (arrows) Hip prosthesis zones according to DeLee and Charnley, and Gruen. These are used to describe the location of for example areas of loosening. On radiography, it is normal to see thin radiolucent areas of less than 2 mm around hip prosthesis components, or between a cement mantle and bone. However, these may still indicate loosening of the prosthesis if they are new or changing, and areas greater than 2 mm may be harmless if they are stable.
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In 1953, APV pioneered a steam injection technology, involving direct injection of steam through a specially designed nozzle which raises the product temperature instantly, under brand name Uperiser; milk was packaged in sterile cans. In the 1960s APV launched the first commercial steam infusion system under the Palarisator brand name. In Sweden, Tetra Pak launched tetrahedral paperboard cartons in 1952. They made a commercial breakthrough in the 1960s, after technological advances, combining carton assembling and aseptic packaging technologies, followed by international expansion.
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Combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia is a highly specialised technique which should only be administered by a properly trained anaesthetic practitioner working with full aseptic technique. The needle-through-needle technique involves the introduction of a Tuohy needle (epidural needle) into the epidural space. The standard technique of loss of resistance to injection may be employed. A long fine spinal needle (25G) is then introduced via the lumen of the epidural needle and through the dura mater, into the subarachnoid space.
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Revised 28 February 2006, accessed 1 June 2011. The chemical analysis of the CSF typically resembles the findings in "aseptic meningitis" with slightly elevated protein levels, normal glucose levels, and negative bacterial cultures. Presence of a significantly decreased glucose on CSF analysis is an indicator of severe meningoencephalitis and may indicate a poor medical outcome. Initial CSF analysis early in the disease process may occasionally show no increase of eosinophils, only to have classical increases in eosinophils in subsequent CSF analysis.
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"Ham Lambert, MRCVS (PDF)" , Irish Veterinary Journal Vol 58(9), September 2005. Accessed 7 June 2007. His was the first practice in Ireland to employ qualified veterinary nurses and until the early 1970s it was the only centre in Ireland recognised for the training of nurses by the RCVS. He was noted throughout the profession for his early adoption of aseptic techniques and for his belief in the value of Vitamin E in the treatment and prevention of circulatory conditions.
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Among the more powerful new techniques were anaesthesia, and the development of both antiseptic and aseptic operating theatres.Guenter B. Risse, Mending Bodies, Saving Souls: A History of Hospitals (1999) Effective cures were developed for certain endemic infectious diseases. However the decline in many of the most lethal diseases was due more to improvements in public health and nutrition than to advances in medicine. Medicine was revolutionized in the 19th century and beyond by advances in chemistry, laboratory techniques, and equipment.
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In 1978 Dos Pinos opened a large powdered milk plant in Ciudad Quesada allowing it to better process milk from the northern part of the country. In 1982 it was reported that the company had 10 operating plants in Costa Rica. In 1985 Dos Pinos opened its dairy aseptic filling plant using Tetra Brik packaging which allowed it to introduce longer lasting milk into the market. In 1988 the firm completed its first formal export order abroad opening itself to selling to nearby countries.
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Complications from the viral infections that cause HFMD are rare, but require immediate medical treatment if present. HFMD infections caused by Enterovirus 71 tend to be more severe and are more likely to have neurologic or cardiac complications including death than infections caused by Coxsackievirus A16. Viral or aseptic meningitis can occur with HFMD in rare cases and is characterized by fever, headache, stiff neck, or back pain. The condition is usually mild and clears without treatment; however, hospitalization for a short time may be needed.
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The play searches the memory and the subconscious to reveal what the mother carries as desires, fears, sufferings or violence. [...] Moeder opens on a funeral and then winds up the thread of memories. Due to the aseptic and museum-like handling of the staging, and the distance between the characters, we also evoke the process of distancing in the memory, especially in intense moments of life. Moeder is not a catharsis, but it is certain that I have projected much of myself, also unconsciously.
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The more complete technical definition is as follows: An isolator is a decontaminated unit, supplied with Class 100 (ISO 5) or higher air quality, that provides uncompromised, continuous isolation of its interior from the external environment (e.g., surrounding cleanroom air and personnel). There are two major types of isolators: # Closed Isolator operation "Closed isolator" systems exclude external contamination from the isolator's interior by accomplishing material transfer via aseptic connection to auxiliary equipment, rather than use of openings to the surrounding environment. Closed systems remain sealed throughout operations.
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Although not the cause of the outbreak, LCMV was found to be a cause of nonbacterial or aseptic meningitis. In 1996, Peter Doherty and Rolf Zinkernagel shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology, for their work with LCMV which led to a fundamental understanding of the adaptive immune response, MHC restriction. In the 1970s, studies concerning the importance of MHC locus were done exclusively in transplantation and tumor rejection. Taking this into consideration, Doherty and Zinkernagel were working on the response of mice to virus infections.
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Individuals with the highest risk of infection are laboratory personnel who handle rodents or infected cells. Temperature and time of year is also a critical factor that contributes to the number of LCMV infections, particularly during fall and winter when mice tend to move indoors. Approximately 10–20% of the cases in immunocompetent individuals are thought to progress to neurological disease, mainly as aseptic meningitis. The overall case fatality rate is less than 1% and people with complications, including meningitis, almost always recover completely.
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To fight infection, steam sterilizer rooms were designed to hold much of the operating rooms metal surgical furniture, tools and equipment. These and other aseptic procedures helped bring the overall patient infection rates down - which in turn helped grow the Mayo Clinic practice, along with its well earned reputation for innovation, into what it is today. In 1928, the Plummer Building was completed with considerable input from Clinic staff, and again under the guidance of Plummer. Maass again worked closely with Plummer and staff on system design.
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Humans are the only natural host of the mumps virus, which causes mumps. The disease is transmitted via contact with respiratory secretions such as aerosolized droplets and saliva. Infection leads to fever, muscle pain, and painful swelling of the parotid glands, two salivary glands situated on the sides of the mouth in front of the ears. Infection may also involve many other tissues and organs, resulting in a variety of inflammatory reactions such as encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, orchitis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, nephritis, oophoritis, and mastitis.
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Aseptic surgical technique was at an early stage of development when he designed and built a steriliser for surgical dressings. This had the dual advantages of being cheap to produce and easy to work. He adapted a version of the Sprengel vacuum pump so that it could be used safely for bladder drainage. A popular teacher he distilled much of his surgical teaching into his Surgical Handbook For the Use of Students, Practitioners, House- Surgeons, and Dressers, which he wrote jointly with Professor Francis Caird.
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Also called Zuska's disease (only nonpuerperal case), subareolar abscess is a subcutaneous abscess of the breast tissue beneath the areola of the nipple. It is a frequently aseptic inflammation and has been associated with squamous metaplasia of lactiferous ducts. The term is usually understood to include breast abscesses located in the retroareolar region or the periareolar region but not those located in the periphery of the breast. Subareolar abscess can develop both during lactation or extrapuerperal, the abscess is often flaring up and down with repeated fistulation.
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This painting now hangs on the front wall of the amphitheater. One additional footnote: a special unveiling of Ether Day, 1846 was planned for the meeting of the Halsted Society at the Massachusetts General Hospital on September 12, 2001. Because of the infamous events of the previous day, that meeting was canceled (but held two years later). As the mural depicts, in the years before antiseptic and aseptic surgery, a surgeon typically operated in a frock coat as was appropriate for the dignity of his profession.
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This sustained replication causes a major viremia, and leads to the development of minor influenza-like symptoms. Rarely, this may progress and the virus may invade the central nervous system, provoking a local inflammatory response. In most cases, this causes a self-limiting inflammation of the meninges, the layers of tissue surrounding the brain, which is known as nonparalytic aseptic meningitis. Penetration of the CNS provides no known benefit to the virus, and is quite possibly an incidental deviation of a normal gastrointestinal infection.
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Octenidine is absorbed neither through the skin, nor through mucous membranes, nor via wounds and does not pass the placental barrier. However, cation-active compounds cause local irritation and are extremely poisonous when administered parenterally. In a 2016 in vitro study of mouth rinses on gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells octenidine showed a less cytotoxic effect, especially on epithelial cells, compared to chlorhexidine after 15 min. Wound irrigation with octenidine has caused severe complications in dogs, aseptic necrosis and chronic inflammation in penetrating hand wounds.
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Aseptic processing allows for the food to be properly sterilized outside the container and then placed into a previously sterilized container, which is then sealed in a sterile environment. Most systems use ultra-high temperature (UHT) sterilization to sterilize the food product before it is packaged. UHT sterilizes food at high temperatures usually above 135 C for 1–2 seconds. This is advantageous because it allows for faster processing, usually a few seconds at high temperatures (130–150 °C) and better retention of sensory and nutritional characteristics.
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The Lido was originally built in the 1930s and the building features an art-deco style interior. The pool itself was filled with diluted brine, pumped from brine streams beneath the town. The salt in the water was strong enough to keep the water in the pool aseptic, without the need for additional chemicals such as chlorine. When the lido opened, it was marketed as the 'seaside come to Droitwich Spa', and the pool was heated to exactly the same temperature as the Mediterranean Sea.
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A second option is to have the pre-assembled tubes delivered to the packager for completion and filling. These are suited for aseptic processing and are used for milk, soup, juice, etc. Paperboard-based cartons are lighter compared to a similarly-sized steel can, but are more difficult to recycle. Some open-loop recycling operations pelletize or flatten ground-up cartons for use in building materials; closed-loop recycling is possible by separating the layers before processing, though some recyclers only recycle the cardboard fibers.
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Urinary catheterization increases the risk for urinary tract infections. The risk of bacteriuria (bacteria in the urine) is between three and six percent per day and prophylactic antibiotics are not effective in decreasing symptomatic infections. The risk of an associated infection can be decreased by catheterizing only when necessary, using aseptic technique for insertion, and maintaining unobstructed closed drainage of the catheter. Male scuba divers using condom catheters and female divers using external catching devices for their dry suits are also susceptible to urinary tract infections.
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The decline in maternal deaths has been due largely to improved aseptic techniques, better fluid management and quicker access to blood transfusions, and better prenatal care. Technologies have been designed for resource poor settings that have been effective in reducing maternal deaths as well. The non-pneumatic anti-shock garment is a low-technology pressure device that decreases blood loss, restores vital signs and helps buy time in delay of women receiving adequate emergency care during obstetric hemorrhage. (NASG) It has proven to be a valuable resource.
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A medical professional inserts a needle between two vertebrae to remove cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the spinal cord. The cerebrospinal fluid collected from the lumbar puncture is analyzed by microscope examination or by culture to distinguish between bacterial and aseptic meningitis. Samples of CSF undergo cell count, Gram stains, and viral cultures, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Polymerase chain reaction has increased the ability of clinicians to detect viruses such as enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes virus in the CSF, but many viruses can still escape detection.
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He was awarded an honorary fellowship by the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1905 during the college's 400th anniversary celebrations. The honorary fellowship was awarded to the 36 most well known surgeons of the time. In addition to his work on appendicitis, McBurney also published papers on the treatment of pyloric stenosis, management of shoulder dislocation with fracture of the humerus, and gallstone disease. He also introduced the use of rubber gloves during his operations to improve aseptic technique, following the lead of William Halsted.
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Today the most common form is 1-liter aseptic cartons containing UHT skimmed, semi-skimmed or whole milk, although the plastic bags are still in use for pasteurized milk. Higher grades of pasteurized milk can be found in cartons or plastic bottles. Sizes other than 1-liter are rare. Four liter bagged milk in Quebec, Canada ;Canada : 1.33 liter plastic bags (sold as 4 liters in 3 bags) are widely available in some areas (especially the Maritimes, Ontario and Quebec), although the 4 liter plastic jug has supplanted them in western Canada.
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There is debate as to the cause, although hematogenous seeding of the offending organism is favored as well as direct spread. It is important to differentiate between spontaneous discitis which is usually from hematologic spread from a urinary or respiratory infection versus that from a post-operative complication which usually involves skin flora such as staph aureus. It can be caused due to spinal tuberculosis and spread along spinal ligament to involve the adjacent anterior vertebral bodies, causing angulation of the vertebrae with subsequent kyphosis. The cause may be aseptic.
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Georg Axhausen at Who Named It In 1908 he obtained his habilitation, and four years later became an associate professor at Berlin. In 1928 he was named a full professor and director of the dental institute at the Charité.Aachen - Braniß / edited by Rudolf Vierhaus Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopaedie He specialized in pathology and surgery of bones and joints, being known for his pioneer studies of bone grafting and necrosis of the epiphysis. He is credited with introducing the term "aseptic necrosis", which is now referred to as avascular necrosis.
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The Tetra Brik package family has since been extended and is currently composed of Tetra Brik and Tetra Brik Aseptic in the shapes Base, Square and Edge, ranging from volumes of 80 to 2000 ml and with a number of different caps.Tetra Brik Tetrapak.com, retrieved 16 January 2012 Tetra Brik has been distinguished as one of the 20th century's design icons. It featured in the 2004 Museum of Modern Art New York exhibition Humble Masterpieces and in the 2011 London Science Museum/Vitra Design Museum exhibition Hidden Heroes - The Genius of Everyday Things.
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He developed commercial confectionery products including Starburst (confectionery) and Pop Rocks while employed at M&M; Candies Division of Mars, Inc. At Mead Packaging, he invented the Crosscheck Aseptic Packaging System for high acid fluid food products used commercially for juices and sauces, receiving patents US4,152,464, US4,391,080, US4,409,775. At Container Corporation of America, he led the development of the Versaform insert injection molding system, and he was Marketing Development Manager, which was his last position in corporate America. By the mid 1980s, Brody transitioned into an independent consultant and college professor.
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These included specialized hooks and retractors, a heated operating table, and an aseptic drainage tube used in abdominal surgery. Additionally, Kellogg took keen interest in devising instruments for light therapy, mechanical exercising, proper breathing, and hydrotherapy. His medical inventions spanned a wide range of applications and included a hot air bath, vibrating chair, oscillomanipulator, window tent for fresh air, pneumograph to graphically represent respiratory habits, loofah mitt, and an apparatus for home sterilization of milk. Some of his inventions were fashionable enough to be included in the first class gymnasium of the RMS Titanic.
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While working for Rouston & Aspinwall, Johnson met George J. Seabury and they decided to leave the firm and go into business together under the name of Seabury & Johnson. Both men were interested in Joseph Lister's discovery of the implications of sterile surgery and tried to make products that would assist in the operating room. Johnson worked 12-hour days to try to invent aseptic surgical equipment. By 1878, the firm was making $10,000 a month (or in 2017 dollars $258,046.31.) Seabury and Johnson disagreed on the distribution of the firm's profits.
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People with poor clinical grade on admission, acute neurologic deterioration, or progressive enlargement of ventricles on CT scan are, in general, indications for the placement of an external ventricular drain by a neurosurgeon. The external ventricular drain may be inserted at the bedside or in the operating room. In either case, strict aseptic technique must be maintained during insertion. In people with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage the EVD is used to remove cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and blood byproducts that increase intracranial pressure and may increase the risk for cerebral vasospasm.
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Among United States hospitalizations for nonmaternal and nonneonatal conditions in 2012, more than one-fourth of stays and half of hospital costs involved stays that included operating room (OR) procedures. The environment and procedures used in surgery are governed by the principles of aseptic technique: the strict separation of "sterile" (free of microorganisms) things from "unsterile" or "contaminated" things. All surgical instruments must be sterilized, and an instrument must be replaced or re- sterilized if, it becomes contaminated (i.e. handled in an unsterile manner, or allowed to touch an unsterile surface).
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Headquarters of KHS GmbH is Dortmund, Germany, which is also the site of one of the company's five German production facilities. Other German production sites are located in Bad Kreuznach, Hamburg, Kleve, and Worms. The product centers for washing and pasteurizing technology and labeling and inspection technology are based in Dortmund. The Bad Kreuznach plant specializes in the following areas of beverage filling engineering including aseptic technology: Filtration, beverage blending technology, high-gravity brewing systems, flash pasteurizing and deaerating systems, and rinsing, filling, caps and lid feeding, and sealing technologies for bottles and cans.
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Sterile dental instruments from hospital central supply (barcoded label indicating sterilization date, expiry date and contents). The central sterile services department (CSSD), also called sterile processing department (SPD), sterile processing, central supply department (CSD), or central supply, is an integrated place in hospitals and other health care facilities that performs sterilization and other actions on medical devices, equipment and consumables; for subsequent use by health workers in the operating theatre of the hospital and also for other aseptic procedures, e.g. catheterization, wound stitching and bandaging in a medical, surgical, maternity or paediatric ward.
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Death from LAC encephalitis occurs in less than 1% of clinical cases. In many clinical settings, pediatric cases presenting with CNS involvement are routinely screened for herpes or enteroviral causes. Since there is no specific treatment for LAC encephalitis, physicians often do not request the tests required to specifically identify LAC virus, and the cases are reported as aseptic meningitis or viral encephalitis of unknown cause. As with many infections, the very young, the very old and the immunocompromised are at a higher risk of developing severe symptoms.
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As with any injection which pierces the skin, there is a risk of infection from bacteria or other organisms present in the environment or on the skin prior to the injection. This risk is lessened with proper aseptic technique and cleansing of the area prior to administration. Intramuscular injections may also cause an abscess or gangrene at the injection site, depending on the specific medication and amount administered. There is also a risk of nerve or vascular injury if a nerve or blood vessel is inadvertently hit during injection.
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Inside a modern operating room An operating theater (also known as an operating room (OR), operating suite, or operation suite) is a facility within a hospital where surgical operations are carried out in an aseptic environment. Historically, the term "operating theatre" referred to a non- sterile, tiered theater or amphitheater in which students and other spectators could watch surgeons perform surgery. Contemporary operating rooms are devoid of a theatre setting, making the term "operating theater" a misnomer. There are only two old-style operating theaters left, both of which are preserved as part of museums.
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In implants which involve metal-on-metal contact, microscopic fragments of cobalt and chromium can be absorbed into the person's bloodstream. There are reports of cobalt toxicity with hip replacement, particularly metal-on-metal hip replacements, which are no longer in use. Use of metal on metal hip replacements from the 1970's were discontinued in the 1980s, and 1990s, particularly after the discovery of aseptic lymphocyte- dominant vasculitis-associated lesions (ALVAL). The FDA's 510k approval process, allowed companies to get new and 'improved' metal on metal hips approved without much clinical testing.
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Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry Annual Report. Adelaide: AOA; 2008 Other similar metal- on-metal designs have not fared as well, where some reports show 76% to 100% of the people with these metal-on-metal implants and have aseptic implant failures requiring revision also have evidence of histological inflammation accompanied by extensive lymphocyte infiltrates, characteristic of delayed type hypersensitivity responses. It is not clear to what extent this phenomenon negatively affects orthopedic patients. However, for patients presenting with signs of an allergic reactions, evaluation for sensitivity should be conducted.
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One of the biggest challenges of reintroducing plants back into the wild is the unintended introduction of unwanted species, such as pests, diseases, and invasive weeds. Often, it is human destruction of areas in which the Sarracenia thrive that is a major killer. Aside from determining what genetic material is appropriate for reintroduction (which is up for debate), plants must be semi-aseptic to keep the habitat pristine and sustainable in the long term. Another challenge is maintaining all of the introduced plant material and determining an optimal site to plant them in.
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A girl with a deformity of her right leg due to polio Patients with abortive polio infections recover completely. In those who develop only aseptic meningitis, the symptoms can be expected to persist for two to ten days, followed by complete recovery. In cases of spinal polio, if the affected nerve cells are completely destroyed, paralysis will be permanent; cells that are not destroyed, but lose function temporarily, may recover within four to six weeks after onset. Reproduced online with permission by Post-Polio Health International; retrieved on 10 November 2007.
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To reduce the risk of infection from injections, proper aseptic technique should be followed to clean the injection site before administration. If needles or syringes are reused between people, or if an accidental needlestick occurs, there is a risk of transmission of bloodborne diseases such as HIV and hepatitis. Unsafe injection practices contribute to the spread of bloodborne diseases, especially in less-developed countries. To combat this, safety syringes exist which contain features to prevent accidental needlestick injury and reuse of the syringe after it is used once.
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Needle insertion angles for 4 types of injection: intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, and intradermal. Injections are usually classified by the tissue into which the substance is administered, and may be sub- classified based on the site of the body at which they are administered. All injections are considered a type of parenteral administration, which avoid the first pass effect of oral administration. Furthermore, all injections should be considered sterile procedures for which proper aseptic technique should be followed, as they necessarily involve breaking the skin or other outer layer of protection from pathogens and the environment.
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Coxsackie B virus infection may also induce aseptic meningitis. As a group, they are the most common cause of unexpected sudden death, and may account for up to 50% of such cases. The incubation period for the Coxsackie B viruses ranges from 2 to 6 days, and illness may last for up to 6 months in extreme cases, but may resolve as quickly as two days. Infection usually occurs between the months of May and June but do not show symptoms until October in temperate Northern Hemisphere regions.
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PTX3 behaves as an acute phase response protein, as the blood levels of PTX3, low in normal conditions (about 25 ng/mL in the mouse, < 2 ng/mL in humans), increase rapidly (peaking at 6–8 h after induction) and dramatically (200–800 ng/mL) during endotoxic shock, sepsis and other inflammatory and infectious conditions, correlating with the severity of the disease. PTX3 levels in cerebrospinal fluid help distinguishing between bacterial and aseptic meningoencephalitis. Under these conditions, PTX3 is a rapid marker for primary local activation of innate immunity and inflammation.
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While Brenner favored a cool, aseptic analytic technique, and opposed the idea that the transference could be separated off from the so-called working alliance,Malcolm, Impossible pp. and 45. he also challenged the mechanical use of the analysis of defences without consideration of the instinctual impulses involved.S. Akhtar, Comprehensive Dictionary of Psychoanalysis (2009) p. 69. Brenner pointed out that just as “it is presumptuous to act the analyst, unbidden, in a social or family situation. It is a technical lapse to be other than an analyst in one's relations with an analytic patient”.
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249-335) and contains eighty-six illustrations (line drawings that are indexed separately on pages xxv-xxvii) teaching surgeons new techniques he developed or advised in the emerging field of modern surgery that was made possible through anesthesia and aseptic procedures. Many of his clinical studies were in the field of gastroenterological surgery, documenting the scientific data he gathered to advance medical knowledge about and to enable better diagnoses and choices of treatment for conditions that often resulted in the deaths of patients.Science, March 19, 1943: Vol. 97, no.
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"Company Facts and Figures", Tetrapak.com, retrieved 30 October 2011 The great success of the business was largely the result of their development of aseptic packaging technology, developed in the 1950s and early 1960s and later called the most important food packaging innovation of the 20th century.Tetra Pak International S.A. Frederick C. Ingram in The Gale Directory of Company Histories, retrieved 30 October 2011 Rausing had a parallel career as a scholar in pre-historic Scandinavian archaeology and was a Reader at the Institute of Archaeology at Lund University.
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The skin irritation caused by continual exposure to phenol eventually led to the introduction of aseptic (germ-free) techniques in surgery. Joseph Lister was a student at University College London under Robert Liston, later rising to the rank of Surgeon at Glasgow Royal Infirmary. Lister experimented with cloths covered in carbolic acid after studying the works and experiments of his contemporary, Louis Pasteur in sterilizing various biological media. Lister was inspired to try to find a way to sterilize living wounds, which could not be done with the heat required by Pasteur's experiments.
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The dentist makes an opening through the enamel and dentin tissues of the tooth, usually using a dental drill fitted with a dental burr. Isolating the tooth The use of a rubber dam for tooth isolation is mandatory in endodontic treatment for several reasons: # It provides an aseptic operating field, isolating the tooth from oral and salivary contamination. Root canal contamination with saliva introduces new microorganisms to the root canal which compromise the prognosis. # It facilitates the use of the strong medicaments necessary to clean the root canal system.
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A US Navy hospital corpsman wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) while handling blood samples. Universal precautions refers to the practice, in medicine, of avoiding contact with patients' bodily fluids, by means of the wearing of nonporous articles such as medical gloves, goggles, and face shields. The infection control techniques were essentially good hygiene habits, such as hand washing and the use of gloves and other barriers, the correct handling of hypodermic needles, scalpels, and aseptic techniques. Following the AIDS outbreak in the 1980s the US CDC formally introduced them in 1985–88.
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Sedig, Kjell, Swedish Innovations, Stockholm: The Swedish Institute 2002 (), p. 45 The late 1960s and the 1970s saw a global expansion of the company, much due to the new Tetra Brik Aseptic package, debuted in 1968, which opened up new markets in the developing world and sparked off a virtual explosion in sales.Tetra Pak International S.A. Frederick C. Ingram in The Gale Directory of Company Histories. Retrieved 30 October 2011 After 30 years, Rausing's venture was successful and Tetra Pak eventually became one of the leading food processing and packaging company in the world.
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Sterilization of an inoculation needle via alcohol burner The inoculation needle is sterilized using the aseptic technique. An open flame from an incinerator, a bunsen burner, or an alcohol burner is used to flame along the tip and the length of the needle that is to be in contact with the inoculum. For ease of manipulation it is common practice to hold the needle with the dominant hand as if handling a pencil. The needle will be flamed at a downward angle through the flame’s inner cone until it is red-hot.
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She served as an editor for the Netherlands Journal of Medicine, as well as the Netherlands Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Van Tussenbroek was a board member of the Dutch Society for the Advancement of Medicine. She also was active as a writer, frequently contributing to medical journals. Together with Dr. J. Blok and C. H. de Jong, in 1898 she published "Inleiding tot de studie der schoolhygiëne" (Introduction to the Study of School Hygiene) and in 1911 "De ontwikkeling der aseptische verloskunde in Nederland" (The Development of Aseptic Obstetrics in the Netherlands).
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Unlike other tequila production steps, fermentation is one of the few steps out of the control of human beings. Fermentation is the conversion of sugars and carbohydrates to alcohol through yeast in anaerobic conditions, meaning that oxygen is not present during the process. Fermentation is also carried out in a non-aseptic environment which increases the bacterial activity of tequila. The participation of microorganisms from the environment (yeasts and bacteria) makes fermentation a spontaneous process which gives rise to many byproducts that contribute to the flavor and aroma of tequila.
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Davis & Geck was a surgical/medical device company founded in 1909 by Charles T. Davis and Fred A. Geck originally located in Brooklyn, NY. It specialized in the development and manufacture of surgical sutures along with various other products in the wound closure, surgical technique, and aseptic technique categories. At one point it manufactured over 2,000 different product codes. In 1930, the company was acquired by American Cyanamid. The resulting Davis & Geck subsidiary moved its offices, laboratory and production facility to Danbury, CT in the 1950s and later opened a manufacturing plant in Manati, Puerto Rico.
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His use of rigorous aseptic technique and visits to continental surgeons like Jan Mikulicz-Radeckin at what was then the University of Breslau and Theodor Billroth in Vienna allowed him to successfully pioneer intestinal surgery in Scotland. He was one of the first to perform major gastrointestinal resections in Scotland. The operations he performed included excision of the tongue for carcinoma, closure of perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers, excision of the small bowel for tuberculous stricture, partial colectomy for colonic stricture and excision of the rectum for carcinoma, the latter procedure often performed under spinal anaesthesia.
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A number of combined practices such as improved hand hygiene, enhanced barrier protection and reduced catheter use when managing incontinence appear to reduce CAUTI. Urinary catheters should be inserted using aseptic technique and sterile equipment (including sterile gloves, drape, sponges, antiseptic and sterile solution), particularly in an acute care setting. Although catheter use should be minimized in all patients, particularly those at higher risk of CAUTI and mortality (e.g. the elderly or those with impaired immunity), a meta analysis suggests there is insufficient evidence to determine the value of different policies for replacing long term urinary catheters on patient outcomes.
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Mollaret's meningitis is a recurrent or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. Since Mollaret's meningitis is a recurrent, benign (non-cancerous), aseptic meningitis, it is also referred to as benign recurrent lymphocytic meningitis. It was named for Pierre Mollaret, the French neurologist who first described it in 1944. Although chronic meningitis has been defined as "irritation and inflammation of the meninges persisting for more than 4 weeks being associated with pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid", cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities may not be detectable for the entire time.
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The c. 1847 work of Ignaz Semmelweis on the association between puerperal fever and the absence of aseptic procedures (specifically, doctors who failed to clean their hands before delivering babies) and the subsequent use of calcium hypochlorite to reduce risk, is an early example of outcomes research. Semmelweis' results were not accepted until after his death, when the germ theory of infection became established. Although the exact origins of the term "outcomes research" is unclear, the methods associated with outcomes research first gained wide attention in the 1850s as a result of the work of Florence Nightingale during the Crimean War.
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Colonel Dr. Roman Sondermajer CMG (Serbian: ) (28 February 1861– 30 January 1923) was a Royal Serbian Army physician who served as Chief Surgeon of the Royal Serbian Army, Chief Surgeon and Director of the Military Hospital and Chief of the Medical Staff of the Serbian Supreme Command during World War I. From German-Polish origins, he came to Serbia as an assistant professor and never left, among his many contributions is the introduction of Aseptic practice into the operating room and the surgical treatment of hernia in conscripts. Dr. Sondermajer is considered the founder of Serbian war surgery.
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Radiopharmacy is a heavily regulated field, as it combines several practices and fields which may come under the purview of multiple regulators and legislation. These include occupational exposure of staff to ionising radiation, preparation of medicines, patient exposure to ionising radiation, transport of radioactive materials, and environmental exposure to ionising radiation. Different regulations may cover the various stages involved in radiopharmacies, ranging from production of "cold" (non-radioactive) kits, to the marketing and distribution of final products. Staff working in nuclear pharmacies require extensive training on aspects of good manufacturing practice, radiation safety concerns and aseptic dispensing.
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Browne was appointed Professor at the University of London and the first full-time director of the newly established Obstetric Unit, and held the post until his retirement in 1946. He established a modern labour ward service, with one senior sister in charge and improved antiseptic and aseptic techniques. His first assistants were Leslie Williams and Harold Malkin, both of whom become distinguished consultants in due course. Among the most famous of his assistants were Chassar Moir who joined the UCH obstetric unit in 1929 and Max Rosenheim who came from the medical unit to the obstetric unit in 1934.
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The chamber is then allowed to cool slowly or by passive heat dissipation; it is rare for forced cooling to be applied, or for pressure to be vented deliberately. Pressure sterilization is the prevailing method used for medical sterilization of heat-resistant tools, and for sterilization of materials for microbiology and other fields calling for aseptic technique. In cases when items need to be sterilized for immediate use, flash sterilization may be employed. Flash techniques generally run for the minimum time, temperature, or pressure, and may sacrifice some safeguards, such as the abilities to validate with biological indicators or prevent contamination.
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They should be fertilized with a half-strength mixture of a balanced fertilizer once a month and a high nitrogen fertilizer can be used for single applications in the spring and fall.Rhodehamel 1988 The plants can be propagated by division or sexually. After pollination the capsule will require about 90 days to mature and the seeds can be grown under aseptic conditions using G & B Orchid Laboratories' Mother Flask Medium V with charcoal or Phytamax Orchid Maintenance Medium. Seedlings require high humidity and should be fertilized every two weeks and may produce their first flowers in 1 to 4 years.
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Duct ectasia in the literal sense (literally: duct widening) is a very common and thus rather unspecific finding, increasing with age. However, in the way in which the term is mostly used, duct ectasia is an inflammatory condition of the larger-order lactiferous ducts. It considered likely that the condition is associated with aseptic (chemical) inflammation related to the rupture of ducts or cysts. It is controversial whether duct dilation occurs first and leads to secretory stasis and subsequent periductal inflammation or whether inflammation occurs first and leads to an inflammatory weakening of the duct walls and then stasis.
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Pierre Mollaret (10 July 1898 - 3 December 1987) was a French neurologist who made significant scientific contributions to the study of infectious diseases and neurology. He was born in Auxerre, France. A rare disease characterized by recurrent episodes of aseptic meningitis was discovered by Mollaret and named after him - called Mollaret's meningitis; this disease is typically caused by herpes simplex virus infection of the CNS, and rarely by varicella. He is also credited with the characterization of a neural pathway known as the Guillain- Mollaret triangle or Myoclonic triangle, and the discovery of the causative agent of cat-scratch disease.
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Ohmic heating (joule heating, resistance heating, or electroconductive heating) generates heat by passage of electrical current through food which resists the flow of electricity. Heat is generated rapidly and uniformly in the liquid matrix as well as in particulates, producing a higher quality sterile product that is suitable for aseptic processing. Electrical energy is linearly translated to thermal energy as electrical conductivity increases, and this is the key process parameter that affects heating uniformity and heating rate. This heating method is best for foods that contain particulates suspended in a weak salt containing medium due to their high resistance properties.
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These innovations in wound-site dressings marked the first major steps forward in the field since the advances of the Egyptians and Greeks centuries earlier. In 1886, Ernst von Bergmann introduced heat sterilization of surgical instruments, which marked the beginning of aseptic surgery and significantly reduced the frequency of infections. Conrad Brunner did extensive research into wound management and experimentation with wound disinfection methods, publishing his comprehensive Erfahrungen und Studien über Wundinfektion und Wundbehandlung in 1898. That same year, Paul Leopold Friedrich introduced wound excision and experimentally showed that excision of open wounds substantially reduced the risk of infection.
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During both world wars soldiers with venereal disease were admitted to the hospital. In 1934 the Coast Hospital was renamed the Prince Henry Hospital of Sydney on the occasion of the visit of the Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, and major building works commenced to increase the capacity to 1000 beds. With the passing of the Prince Henry Hospital Act 1936, it became a postgraduate teaching hospital. The Institute of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine was established in 1946 and was instrumental in investigating the incidence of the Coxsackie virus (aseptic meningitis), poliomyelitis virus and was the first to isolate REO virus.
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In aseptic processing, the product and the package are sterilized separately and then combined and sealed in a sterile atmosphere, in contrast to canning, where product and package are first combined and then sterilized. The Importation of Milk Act 1983 was passed by the Parliament of the UK following a successful appeal to the European Court of Justice that prevented government from banning the importation of UHT milk. In June 1993, Parmalat introduced its UHT milk to the United States. In the American market, consumers are uneasy about consuming milk that is not delivered under refrigeration, and reluctant to buy it.
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In addition, it is not recommended to reuse a used needle to pierce a medication bag, bottle, or ampule designed to provide multiple doses of a medication, instead a new needle should be used each time the container must be pierced. Aseptic technique should always be practiced when administering injections. This includes the use of barriers including gloves, gowns, and masks for health care providers. It also requires the use of a new, sterile needle, syringe and other equipment for each injection, as well as proper training to avoid touching non-sterile surfaces with sterile items.
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Embryo rescue was first documented in the 18th century when Charles Bonnet excised Phaseolus and Fagopyrum embryos and was successful in it , planted them in soil and the cross resulted in dwarf plants. Soon after this, scientists began placing the embryos in various nutrient media. During the period of 1890 to 1904, systems for embryo rescue became systematic by applying nutrient solutions that contained salts and sugars and applying aseptic technique. The first successful in vitro embryo culture was performed by Hanning in 1904, he however described problems with precocious embryos that resulted in small, weak, and often inviable plantlets.
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Edinburgh: Capercaillie Books, 2015. After serving as house surgeon to Sir Alexander Ogston, Professor of Surgery at the University of Aberdeen, he studied in Germany for eighteen months where he learned the techniques of aseptic surgery, which he introduced to Aberdeen when he became a consultant surgeon there in 1904.Obituary, Sir Henry Gray, K.B.E., F.R.C.S., LL.D. The Lancet, October 15, 1938, p. 920. In the intervening years leading up to the war, he established himself as a surgeon of outstanding ability who set himself very high standards and expected others in his team to follow suit.
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Emil Theodor Kocher (25 August 1841 – 27 July 1917) was a Swiss physician and medical researcher who received the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid. Among his many accomplishments are the introduction and promotion of aseptic surgery and scientific methods in surgery, specifically reducing the mortality of thyroidectomies below 1% in his operations. He was the first Swiss citizen and first surgeon to ever receive a Nobel Prize. He was considered a pioneer and leader in the field of surgery in his time.
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Another aspect of placentophagy that was initially considered a beneficial reason for its occurrence was that the consumption of the afterbirth ensured cleanliness of the nest and eliminated any sign of new/vulnerable offspring. It was suggested that nesting animals, who would then rear their young within the nest, benefited by having an aseptic area. Further, predators would be attracted to the site of parturition by the scent of blood and of fetal tissue, so ingesting the afterbirth would eliminate the ability for predators to easily locate newborns. This would in turn provide protection for the defenseless young.
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Aseptic processing was derived from Olin Ball's heat-cool-fill (HCF) machine that was developed in 1927. While HCF was successful in improving the sensory quality of the processed chocolate milk as compared to canned product, the use of the equipment was hindered by its cost, maintenance, and inflexibility to process various container sizes, rendering the machine a failure. In the 1940s, the Avoset process was developed by George Grindrod. Food products processed using the Avoset process were packaged under ultraviolet lamps and sterilized air inside a positive-pressurized room to keep the contaminants out of the processing room.
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Additionally, processing plants must be registered with the FDA using Form 2541. The FDA has also developed a Low-acid Canned Food (LACF) Electronic Process Filling System that facilitates the completion and submission of the forms. The FDA does exert authority over the types of aseptic processing and packaging systems that can be utilized to produce foods for distribution in U.S. commerce by reviewing and either accepting or rejecting process filing forms from individual processing firms. The FDA may request sufficient technical information from the processor to evaluate adequacy of the equipment and the procedures used to produce a commercially sterile product.
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Until the FDA finds no further objections to a process filing, the company is prevented from distributing product produced on that system in interstate commerce. Final aseptic products must undergo an incubation test before the product is released into distribution. The firm must determine the time and temperature of incubation as well as how many containers are incubated. It is generally accepted to incubate at 20–25 °C for a minimum of 7 days followed immediately, or after a first reading, by incubation at 30–35 °C for a total minimum incubation time of 14 days.
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Modoc virus antigen in spinal cord and brain A rodent-associated virus, MODV has the potential to cause disease in humans similar to other flaviviruses. It was determined that MODV was the responsible virus for a case of aseptic meningitis when the virus was first discovered in California. Typically, flaviviruses cause encephalitis in host organisms. MODV causes flavivirus-like encephalitis in SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) mice and in hamsters with histopathological features reminiscent of flavivirus encephalitis in man.. Studies suggest envelope (E) proteins encoded for by the genome may play a dominant role as a determinant of flavivirus neurovirulence.
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Gamgee was born in 1831 in Florence, Italy, the son of Joseph Gamgee (1801–1895), a Scottish veterinarian formerly living in Essex, and his wife, Mary Ann West (1799–1873).Grave of Joseph Gamgee, Dean Cemetery John was a sibling of Arthur Gamgee, a biochemist, and Dr Sampson Gamgee, a surgeon and pioneer of aseptic surgery. Gamgee was educated at a number of institutions across Italy, Germany and Switzerland before graduating from the Royal Veterinary College in London in 1852. In 1855 he returned to London from the continent to lecture in veterinary medicine and surgery at Camden Hall in Camden Town.
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At twelve, the peeled whole potatoes. And at one chorizos and lacón are placed in a plate, potatoes and turnip greens in another, and everything on the table, which must be previously surrounded by hungry citizens and plenty of Ribeiro wine stock". It is striking that only two paragraphs in his extensive cookbook "The practical Cuisine" were devoted to octopus: "Cured Octopus Stew. Recipe of our fairs, which preparation is reduced to the following: a lot of oil, lots of paprika, lots of salt and a big scissors, not very aseptic, to cut as soon as it is cooked.
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The bag is then placed in a plastic jug and the corner cut off before the milk is poured. ;Australia and New Zealand : Distributed in a variety of sizes, most commonly in aseptic cartons for up to 1.5 liters, and plastic screw-top bottles beyond that with the following volumes; 1.1 L, 2 L, and 3 L. 1-liter milk bags are starting to appear in supermarkets, but have not yet proved popular. Most UHT- milk is packed in 1 or 2 liter paper containers with a sealed plastic spout. ;Brazil : Used to be sold in cooled 1-liter bags, just like in South Africa.
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Adults not wishing to drink at a banquet often drink milk served from cartons or milk tea. ;Colombia :Sells milk in 1-liter plastic bags. ;Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro : UHT milk (trajno mlijeko/trajno mleko/трајно млеко) is sold in 500 mL and 1 L (sometimes also 200 mL) aseptic cartons. Non- UHT pasteurized milk (svježe mlijeko/sveže mleko/свеже млеко) is most commonly sold in 1 L and 1.5 L PET bottles, though in Serbia one can still find milk in plastic bags. ;Estonia : Commonly sold in 1 L bags or 0.33 L, 0.5 L, 1 L or 1.5 L cartons.
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Usual standards for musculoskeletal interventional procedures apply include review of previous imaging, informed consent and appropriate local anesthetic. The use of a high-frequency (> 10 MHz) linear array transducer is recommended, but lower-frequency curvilinear probes may be occasionally required to visualize deep structures in larger patients. A preliminary diagnostic sonographic examination, including color Doppler of the area to be punctured is necessary to define the relationship of adjacent neurovascular structures.Initially largely copied from: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0) Injections should be performed with adherence to aseptic technique although this varies between institutions and radiologists attributable to resources, training, perceived risk and experience.
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Meningeal syphilis (as known as syphilitic aseptic meningitis or meningeal neurosyphilis) is a chronic form of syphilis infection that affects the central nervous system. Treponema pallidum, a spirochate bacterium, is the main cause of syphilis, which spreads drastically throughout the body and can infect all its systems if not treated appropriately. Treponema pallidum is the main cause of the onset of meningeal syphilis and other treponemal diseases, and it consists of a cytoplasmic and outer membrane that can cause a diverse array of diseases in the central nervous system and brain. Early symptomatic neurosyphilis (or acute syphilitic meningitis or neurorecurrence) is the onset of meningeal syphilis.
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D. medinensis causes dracunculiasis as a result of the emergence of the female worm, nonemergence of adult worms (usually the male), and secondary bacterial infections. As it emerges to the subcutaneous tissue, the female releases a toxic chemical that may result in nausea, rash at site, diarrhea, dizziness, localized edema, reddish papule, blister, and itching. Arthritis or paraplegia can result from a worm that fails to reach the skin and gets calcified in or along the joint or finds its way into the central nervous tissue. Aseptic abscesses and cystic swelling can also occur when worms rupture before emerging, causing an acute inflammatory response from the host's immune system.
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The fish in Russian Caviar House farm undergoes a regular physical examination, including measurement, weighing, ultrasound and biopsy for viewing eggs. A unique identifier of each fish and information about its health are recorded on a chip implanted in the area of the first spike from the head. Since its first years the company has used and promoted a ‘no-kill’ method of harvesting caviar, which is called ‘milking’. Milking is carried out using aseptic technique and takes about 5 minutes: the farm staff fix the fish with its belly upside, trim its oviduct and, by massaging the fish from head to tail, pump the caviar.
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When the inflammation is complicated by necrosis and secondary bacterial infection, breast abscesses may form. Subareolar abscess, also called Zuska's disease (only nonpuerperal case), is a frequently aseptic inflammation and has been associated with squamous metaplasia of the lactiferous ducts. The duct ectasia—periductal mastitis complex affects two groups of women: young women (in their late teens and early 20s) and perimenopausal women. Women in the younger group mostly have inverted nipples due to squamous metaplasia that lines the ducts more extensively compared to other women and produces keratin plugs which in turn lead to duct obstruction and then duct dilation, secretory stasis, inflammation, infection and abscess.
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Usual standards for musculoskeletal interventional procedures apply include review of previous imaging, informed consent and appropriate local anesthetic. The use of a high-frequency (> 10 MHz) linear array transducer is recommended, but lower-frequency curvilinear probes may be occasionally required to visualize deep structures in larger patients. A preliminary diagnostic sonographic examination, including color Doppler of the area to be punctured is necessary to define the relationship of adjacent neurovascular structures.Initially largely copied from: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0) Injections should be performed with adherence to aseptic technique although this varies between institutions and radiologists attributable to resources, training, perceived risk and experience.
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States in the U.S. soon began enacting mandatory dairy pasteurization laws, with the first in 1947, and in 1973 the U.S. federal government required pasteurization of milk used in any interstate commerce. The shelf life of refrigerated pasteurized milk is greater than that of raw milk. For example, high-temperature, short-time (HTST) pasteurized milk typically has a refrigerated shelf life of two to three weeks, whereas ultra- pasteurized milk can last much longer, sometimes two to three months. When ultra-heat treatment (UHT) is combined with sterile handling and container technology (such as aseptic packaging), it can even be stored non-refrigerated for up to 9 months.
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Sterilization refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (in particular referring to microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, spores, unicellular eukaryotic organisms such as Plasmodium, etc.) and other biological agents like prions present in a specific surface, object or fluid, for example food or biological culture media. Sterilization can be achieved through various means, including heat, chemicals, irradiation, high pressure, and filtration. Sterilization is distinct from disinfection, sanitization, and pasteurization, in that those methods reduce rather than eliminate all forms of life and biological agents present. After sterilization, an object is referred to as being sterile or aseptic.
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A team led by A. E. S. Van Driessche directly measured the growth rates of these giant gypsum crystals using present-day water of the Naica. They obtained a growth rate of 1.4 ± 0.2 × 10−5 nm∕s, which is the slowest directly measured normal growth rate for any crystal growth process. Taking into account this rate, the largest crystals would have taken approximately 1 million years to reach their current size. Penelope Boston (New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology), speleologist and geomicrobiologist specialist of extremophile organisms, realized sterile sampling of gypsum drillcores by making small boreholes inside large crystals under aseptic conditions.
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The disease typically presents with joint pain, high fevers, a salmon-pink macular or maculopapular rash, enlargement of the liver and spleen, swollen lymph nodes, and a neutrophil-predominant increased white blood cell count in the blood. Tests for rheumatoid factor and anti-nuclear antibodies are usually negative and serum ferritin is markedly elevated. Patients experiencing a flare-up from Adult-onset Still's disease usually report extreme fatigue, swelling of the lymph nodes and, less commonly, fluid accumulation in the lungs and heart. In rare cases, AOSD can cause life-threatening complications, including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, IVDC, fulminant hepatitis, or disabling conditions such as aseptic meningitis and sensorineural hearing loss.
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It is unclear whether Kocher directly knew Joseph Lister, who pioneered the antiseptic (using chemical means to kill bacteria) method, but Kocher was in correspondence with him. Kocher had recognized the importance of aseptic techniques early on, introducing them to his peers at a time when this was considered revolutionary. In a hospital report from 1868, he attributed the lower mortality directly to the "antiseptic Lister's wound bandaging method" and he could later as director of the clinic order strict adherence to the antiseptic method. Bonjour (1981) describes how his assistants were worried about wound infection for fear of having to explain their failure to Kocher himself.
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Inspections of aseptic processing is one of the most complex inspection of food manufacturing operations. Process authorities are required to establish a process that ensures commercial sterility for the following: #The product #All equipment including the hold tube and any equipment downstream from the holding tube such as the filler #The packaging equipment #The packaging material. Documentation of production operations must be maintained by the facility, showing an achievement of commercial sterile conditions in all areas of the facility. The general regulatory requirements for all U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulated foods are found in section 21 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 117.
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Microscopically, areas of "apparent fatty degeneration and/or necrosis, often with pooled fat from destroyed adipose cells (oil cysts) and with marrow fibrosis (reticular fatty degeneration)" are seen. These changes are present even if "most bony trabeculae appear at first glance viable, mature and otherwise normal, but closer inspection demonstrates focal loss of osteocytes and variable micro cracking (splitting along natural cleavage planes). The microscopic features are similar to those of ischaemic or aseptic osteonecrosis of long bones, corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis, and the osteomyelitis of caisson (deep-sea diver's) disease". In the cancellous portion of femoral head it is not uncommon to find trabeculae with apparently intact osteocytes which seem to be "alive" but are no longer synthetizing collagen.
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Apple juice with 3 apples Clarified apple juice, from which pectin and starch have been removed, in a plastic bottle Apple juice is a fruit juice made by the maceration and pressing of an apple. The resulting expelled juice may be further treated by enzymatic and centrifugal clarification to remove the starch and pectin, which holds fine particulate in suspension, and then pasteurized for packaging in glass, metal, or aseptic processing system containers, or further treated by dehydration processes to a concentrate. Russet apple juice from Bolney, Mid Sussex, England, in a glass. Due to the complex and costly equipment required to extract and clarify juice from apples in large volume, apple juice is normally produced commercially.
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Other common neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE include cognitive dysfunction, mood disorder, cerebrovascular disease, seizures, polyneuropathy, anxiety disorder, psychosis, depression, and in some extreme cases, personality disorders. Steroid psychosis can also occur as a result of treating the disease. It can rarely present with intracranial hypertension syndrome, characterized by an elevated intracranial pressure, papilledema, and headache with occasional abducens nerve paresis, absence of a space-occupying lesion or ventricular enlargement, and normal cerebrospinal fluid chemical and hematological constituents. More rare manifestations are acute confusional state, Guillain–Barré syndrome, aseptic meningitis, autonomic disorder, demyelinating syndrome, mononeuropathy (which might manifest as mononeuritis multiplex), movement disorder (more specifically, chorea), myasthenia gravis, myelopathy, cranial neuropathy and plexopathy.
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Analysis of the JCV CPN variant revealed differences from JCV GCN: no mutations were found in the VP1 coding region; however, a 143–base-pair deletion was identified in the agnogene, coding for a 10–amino-acid truncated peptide, which is believed to mediate CPN tropism. Additionally, analysis of the subcellular localization of JC CPN virions in nuclei, cytoplasm, and axons suggests that the virus may travel through axons to increase infectivity. Human polyomavirus 2 may also be a causative agent of aseptic meningitis (JCVM), as Human polyomavirus 2 was the only pathogen identified in the CSF of certain patients with meningitis. Analysis of the JCVM variant revealed archetype-like regulatory regions with no mutations in coding sequences.
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Preparation of plant tissue for tissue culture is performed under aseptic conditions under HEPA filtered air provided by a laminar flow cabinet. Thereafter, the tissue is grown in sterile containers, such as Petri dishes or flasks in a growth room with controlled temperature and light intensity. Living plant materials from the environment are naturally contaminated on their surfaces (and sometimes interiors) with microorganisms, so their surfaces are sterilized in chemical solutions (usually alcohol and sodium or calcium hypochlorite) before suitable samples (known as explants) are taken. The sterile explants are then usually placed on the surface of a sterile solid culture medium but are sometimes placed directly into a sterile liquid medium, particularly when cell suspension cultures are desired.
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In 2003, Tymbark introduced its '"Fruit of the World", the new flavours gave its consumers a taste of exotic tastes such as kiwi, cactus, currant and many others. In 2004, Tymbark was the first company in Poland to introduce the aseptic bottling of juices and beverages into plastic bottles without artificial colours and preservatives. In the same year 2004, Tymbark saw a rise in customers of its "Fruit of the World" and introduced its new "Premium" range of nectars of different fruit. In 2007, the company started its active educational program on healthy eating based in the "Eat Five A Day" of servings of vegetables and fruit and Tymbark also conducted research by asking customers questions about their tastes.
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Seromas may be difficult to manage at times. Research suggests that the procedure of quilting (inserting interrupted deep stitches in the wound) after mastectomy significantly reduces seroma formation. The removal of seromas by fine-needle aspiration is controversial: it is recommended by some for the reason that seromas can be a culture medium for bacteria, whereas others advise it only for collection of excessive amounts of fluid, because even an aspiration carried out under aseptic conditions carries a certain risk of infection. Depending on the volume and duration of leakage, control of a leak may take up to a few weeks to resolve with aspiration of serums and the application of pressure dressings.
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Spomer, 1999 Other plants that are considered to be protocarnivorous have sticky trichomes on some surface, such as the flower scape and bud of Stylidium and Plumbago,Rachmilevitz and Joel, 1976 the bracts of Passiflora foetida, and leaves of Roridula. The trichomes of Stylidium, which appear below the flower, have been known to trap and kill small insects since their discovery several centuries ago, but their purpose remained ambiguous. In November 2006, Dr. Douglas Darnowski published a paper describing the active digestion of proteins when they come in contact with a trichome of a Stylidium species grown in aseptic tissue culture, proving that the plant, rather than the surface microbes, was the source of protease production.Darnowski et al.
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The asylum saw the development of important and profound medical research, which was often masked by the prejudices that clashed within the walls of the establishment. The asylum endowed itself with a dentistry department in 1892, outpatient consultations—made free of charge to reduce hospitalizations—and a central surgery pavilion for the surgical treatment of patients from asylums in the Seine Department. This important building, which was highly modern at the time, had separate septic and aseptic rooms, hospital rooms, an obstetric section, and radiology, microphotography, and biology laboratories. In 1922, Édouard Toulouse created the center of mental prophylaxis, the first voluntary service, that is to say, in which the patients were not interned under the law of June 30, 1838.
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This table displays the steps involved in using a GasPak to create a completely anaerobic environment for incubating an inoculated agar plate. After inoculating the agar plate(s) with bacteria under aseptic conditions, the agar plates are placed in an anaerobic jar that contains components, like the catalyst chamber, that will help facilitate the reaction to eliminate free oxygen and provide completely anaerobic conditions. The methylene blue strip is an indicator that is placed in the jar that will turn colorless under entirely anaerobic conditions, which provides proof that the jar was able to successfully reach an anaerobic state. The components of the GasPak envelope along with the addition of water, allow for the start of the reaction that takes place in the catalyst chamber.
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Local side effects of immunoglobulin infusions most frequently include an injection site reaction (reddening of the skin around the injection site), itching, rash, and hives. Less serious systemic side effects to immunoglobulin infusions include an increased heart rate, hyper or hypotension, an increased body temperature, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, arthralgia or myalgia, dizziness, headache, fatigue, fever, and pain. Serious side effects of immunoglobulin infusions include chest discomfort or pain, myocardial infarction, tachycardia, hyponatremia, hemolysis, hemolytic anemia, thrombosis, hepatitis, anaphylaxis, backache, aseptic meningitis, acute kidney injury, hypokalemic nephropathy, pulmonary embolism, and transfusion related acute lung injury. There is also a small chance that even given the precautions taken in preparing immunoglobulin preparations, an immunoglobulin infusion may pass a virus to its recipient.
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Flash Joule Heating is a newly developed and less time consuming high quality graphene yielding technique discovered by Rice University. Joule heating (Ohmic heating) is an aseptic method of flash pasteurisation (also referred to as "high-temperature short-time" (HTST)) that runs an alternating current through food of 50-60 Hz. Heat is created by means of the food's electrical resistance. If the component heats up, there is a linear rise in electrical conductivity. Few recent research findings suggests that the researchers yield highest graphene synthesis at 1 g per flash, but Tour says that they subsequently made 5 g per flash in the lab and currently have a grant from the US Department of Energy to scale up to 100 g per flash.
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Elopak is a Norwegian company producing cartons for liquids, starting with aseptic gable top cartons for milk. The company was founded in 1957 by Johan Henrik Andresen and Christian August Johansen as a European licensee of Pure- Pak,Elopak AS Store Norske Leksikon, retrieved 4 April 2013 the Elopak name standing for European License Of PURE-PAK. In 1987, Elopak bought the Ex- Cell-O Packaging Systems Division from which it was originally a licensee, and hence got full ownership of Pure-Pak. In 2003, the company had approximately 2,500 employees and a revenue of about 4 billion Norwegian Kroner, and is the world's third largest supplier of packaging for beveragesElopak AS entry on Google Finance, retrieved 15 April 2013 All production now takes place outside Norway.
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That night, however, Dennis feels uneasy when it becomes apparent that the bar in which the meeting is to take place is frequented by older gentleman seeking pleasure from the women in Scott's employ (who turn out to be prostitutes). Despite reservations, Dennis takes one of them back to his hotel room, but the cheapness and aseptic nature of the scenario make him hesitant and he rejects her advances. The next morning, Dennis attends a local gym where Prap (Prap Poramabhuti) and Bobby (Bobby Murcer), two of the patrons, recognize him from his bodybuilding career. While discussing his passion, Dennis's shyness and social ineptitude vanish and Prap introduces him to Toi (Lamaiporn Sangmanee Hougaard), a local woman who owns the gym.
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It must be used in conjunction with sterile fill technology (similar to aseptic processing) to prevent post-pasteurization contamination. The liquid moves in a controlled, continuous flow while subjected to temperatures of 71.5 °C (160 °F) to 74 °C (165 °F), for about 15 to 30 seconds, followed by rapid cooling to between 4 °C (39.2 °F) and 5.5 °C (42 °F). The standard US protocol for flash pasteurization of milk, 71.7 °C (161 °F) for 15 seconds in order to kill Coxiella burnetii (the most heat-resistant pathogenic germ found in raw milk), was introduced in 1933, and results in 5-log reduction (99.999%) or greater reduction in harmful bacteria. An early adopter of pasteurization was Tropicana Products, which has used the method since the 1950s.
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Throughout most of history, preventive medical techniques have been largely ignored and mostly only relegated to scarce occurrences. Despite the prevalence of diseases such as syphilis, leprosy and the black plague throughout the late middle ages, the concepts of preventive medicine was largely ignored despite advancements in quarantining and sanitary techniques. Furthermore, the high mortality rate of surgeries both during and post- operation deemed these procedures to be too high of a risk to take for a preventive measure. This changed however with the introduction of anesthesia, advancements in anatomy and with the introduction anti-septic or aseptic techniques alongside further advancements in sanitary techniques in the 19th to 20th century allowed surgeons to consider prophylactic surgeries without running the high risks previously experienced.
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The condensed distilled water from the vapor-compression evaporation system is recycled back to the fermentation. On the other hand, if raw sewage or other waste water with high BOD in need of treatment is used as the water for the fermentation, the condensed distilled water from the evaporation can be recycled back to the city or to the original source of the high-BOD waste water. Thus, this process can also serve as a water treatment facility, while producing valuable chemicals or biofuels. Because the system uses a mixed culture of microorganisms, besides not needing any enzyme addition, the fermentation requires no sterility or aseptic conditions, making this front step in the process more economical than in more popular methods for the production of cellulosic ethanol.
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" ... Sister Graham of Broken Hill, who nursed him in > the last weeks of his life. > "Dr Birks's two main interests during his life at Broken Hill were his > surgical work at the hospital, and the study of social and economic problems > as revealed by his close association with the workers. With regards to the > first, there is no question that the high level of surgical work which > Broken Hill now enjoys was due first and last to Dr Birks. He was a > thoroughly sound, although slightly conservative surgeon, and was a master > of asepsis, with the result that aseptic measures were, and still are, > carried out at Broken Hill in a manner at least equal to that of any other > hospital in Australia.
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Chocolates in aluminium foil packaging Aluminium is used for packaging as it is highly malleable: it can be easily converted to thin sheets and folded, rolled or packed. Aluminium foil acts as a total barrier to light and oxygen (which cause fats to oxidise or become rancid), odours and flavours, moistness, and germs, and so it is used broadly in food and pharmaceutical packaging, including long-life packs (aseptic packaging) for drinks and dairy goods, which allows storing without refrigeration. Aluminium foil containers and trays are used to bake pies and to pack takeaway meals, ready snacks and long life pet foods. Aluminium foil is widely sold into the consumer market, often in rolls of width and several metres in length.
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A primary cause of wound dehiscence is sub-acute infection, resulting from inadequate or imperfect aseptic technique. Coated suture, such as Vicryl, generally breaks down at a rate predicted to correspond with tissue healing, but is hastened in the presence of bacteria. In the absence of other known metabolic factors which inhibit healing and may have contributed to suture dehiscence, sub-acute infection should be suspected and the protocol of obtaining wound cultures followed by treatment with the appropriate antibiotics should be undertaken. Dehiscence can also be caused by inadequate undermining (cutting the skin away from the underlying tissues) of the wound during surgery, excessive tension on the wound edges caused by lifting or straining, or the wound being located on a highly mobile or high tension area such as the back, shoulders or legs.
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When bacteria have visibly grown, they are often still mixed. The identification of a microbe depends upon the isolation of an individual colony, as biochemical testing of a microbe to determine its different physiological features depends on a pure culture. To make a subculture, one again works in aseptic technique in microbiology, lifting a single colony off the agar surface with a loop and streaks the material into the 4 quadrants of an agar plate or all over if the colony was singular and did not look mixed. Gram staining the raw sample before incubation or staining freshly grown colony material helps to determine if a colony consists of uniformly appearing bacteria or is mixed, and the color, and shape of bacteria allow a first classification based on morphology.
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The incidence of these eruptions increases in patients who are currently on, or recently discontinued a valproate-type anticonvulsant drug, as these medications interact in such a way that the clearance of both is decreased and the effective dose of lamotrigine is increased. Side effects such as rash, fever, and fatigue are very serious, as they may indicate incipient SJS, TEN, DRESS syndrome, or aseptic meningitis. Other side effects include loss of balance or coordination, double vision, crossed eyes, pupil constriction, blurred vision, dizziness and lack of coordination, drowsiness, insomnia, anxiety, vivid dreams or nightmares, dry mouth, mouth ulcers, memory problems, mood changes, itchiness, runny nose, cough, nausea, indigestion, abdominal pain, weight loss, missed or painful menstrual periods, and vaginitis. The side-effects profile varies for different patient populations.
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Blow-Fill-Seal (BFS) technology is a manufacturing technique used to produce small, (0.1mL) and large volume, (500mL +) liquid-filled containers. Originally developed in Europe in the 1930s, it was introduced in the United States in the 1960s, but over the last 20 years it has become more prevalent within the pharmaceutical industry and is now widely considered to be the superior form of aseptic processing by various medicine regulatory agencies including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the packaging of pharmaceutical and healthcare products. The basic concept of BFS is that a container is formed, filled, and sealed in a continuous process without human intervention, in a sterile enclosed area inside a machine. Thus this technology can be used to aseptically manufacture sterile pharmaceutical liquid dosage forms.
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Leeds was a centre of high-calibre surgeons, many of whom made their names at the Infirmary; best known was Berkeley Moynihan, 1st Baron Moynihan, who achieved worldwide recognition for his contribution to abdominal surgery. It was Moynihan who first suggested to Charles Thackray that he should make instruments; and the firm, with its experience in repairs at their premises just across the road, was well placed to do so. By 1914 Thackray's was employing 25 people, including eight instrument makers and three full-time representatives. Salesmen visited customers over a wide area, supplying wholesale pharmaceuticals not only to hospitals and nursing homes but also to general practitioners serving rural areas. The War Office's acceptance of Thackray's ‘Aseptic’ range as standard field dressings was important to the firm, both ensuring large contracts for drugs and sundries.
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The importance of dress as a badge of one's class in society was paramount and the processes behind the transmission of infection were the subject of controversy within the profession. With the "Spanish flu" pandemic of 1918 and the growing medical interest in Lister's antiseptic theory, some surgeons began wearing cotton gauze masks in surgery; however, this was not to protect the patient from intra-operative infection, but to protect the surgeon from the patient's diseases. Around the same time, operating theatre staff began wearing heavy rubber gloves to protect their hands from the solutions used to clean the room and equipment, a practice surgeons grudgingly adopted. By the 1940s, advances in surgical antisepsis (now called aseptic technique) and the science of wound infection led to the adoption of antiseptic drapes and gowns for operating room use.
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Tom and Lola are a young boy and girl who are victims of a rare disease which means that they are prevented from any contact with the outside world. They are kept inside plastic bubbles in a Paris hospital. In this aseptic and strictly controlled microcosm run by doctors especially chosen for the task, the children are left with almost no external stimuli, other than an old black and white TV set tuned to educational films about subjects such as whale song, trains, and a show called The Adventures of Tikira in Alaska. Tom's mother is in constant attendance, but her increasingly desperate attempts to beguile him have alienated her almost totally from them, and apart from Hélène, a member of the medical team who has been their nearest thing to a parent, Tom and Lola's only close attachment is to each other.
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Other than a scalpel, no specialised surgical equipment is needed for a resuscitative hysterotomy. The American Heart Association recommends that healthcare facilities that may be required to treat a case of maternal cardiac arrest should keep in stock an emergency equipment tray for the purpose, including a scalpel with a No. 10 blade, a Balfour retractor, surgical sponges, Kelly and Russian forceps, a needle driver, sutures and suture scissors - but the procedure should commence regardless of whether the tray is available. Basic aseptic measures, such as pouring antiseptic solution over the woman's abdomen prior to incision, may be considered as long as this adds no delay. An assistant should manually displace the gravid uterus to the woman's left throughout the procedure until the fetus has been delivered, to assist the simultaneous efforts of those resuscitating the woman.
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William Stewart Halsted, M.D. (September 23, 1852 – September 7, 1922) was an American surgeon who emphasized strict aseptic technique during surgical procedures, was an early champion of newly discovered anaesthetics, and introduced several new operations, including the radical mastectomy for breast cancer. Along with William Osler (Professor of Medicine), Howard Atwood Kelly (Professor of Gynecology) and William H. Welch (Professor of Pathology), Halsted was one of the "Big Four" founding professors at the Johns Hopkins Hospital.Johns Hopkins Medicine:The Four Founding Professors His operating room at Johns Hopkins Hospital is in Ward G, and was described as a small room where medical discoveries and miracles took place. According to an intern who once worked in Halsted's operating room, Halsted had unique techniques, operated on the patients with great confidence and often had perfect results which astonished the interns.
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In 1895, while Betances was living in Paris, the manufacturers of the Emulsión de Scott (a codfish liver oil product that is still sold today, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline in modern times), paid an endorsement fee to Betances to have him appear on advertisements on Spanish language magazines and newspapers all over New York City and the Caribbean, based on his solid reputation as a doctor.Rodríguez Vázquez, Eduardo, Dr. Ramón Emeterio Betances: el médicoOjeda Reyes, Félix, El Desterrado de París, pp. 310–312. Antonio Vélez Alvarado, a Puerto Rico independence supporter later credited as the "inventor" of the Puerto Rican flag, and whose brother was a sales representative for Scott & Bowne, was responsible for publishing the ads. An 1895 newspaper ad that has Betances endorsing Emulsión de Scott Betances introduced new surgical and aseptic procedures to Puerto Rico.
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Some versions of the vaccine contain the antibiotic neomycin and therefore should not be used in people allergic to this antibiotic. The number of reports on neurological disorders is very small, other than evidence for an association between a form of the MMR vaccine containing the Urabe mumps strain and rare adverse events of aseptic meningitis, a form of viral meningitis. The UK National Health Service stopped using the Urabe mumps strain in the early 1990s due to cases of transient mild viral meningitis, and switched to a form using the Jeryl Lynn mumps strain instead. The Urabe strain remains in use in a number of countries; MMR with the Urabe strain is much cheaper to manufacture than with the Jeryl Lynn strain, and a strain with higher efficacy along with a somewhat higher rate of mild side effects may still have the advantage of reduced incidence of overall adverse events.
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According to Malia, there is a "basic problem" in Western historiography of Communism which he describes as "the conceptual poverty of the Western empirical effort". Malia states that "[t]his poverty flows from the premise that Communism can be understood, in an aseptic and value-free mode, as the pure product of social process", faulting that "researches have endlessly insisted that the October Revolution was a workers' revolt and not a Party coup d'état, when it was obviously the latter riding piggyback on the former". According to Malia, "the central issue in Communist history is not the Party's ephemeral worker 'base'; it is what the intelligentsia victors of October later did with their permanent coup d'etat, and so far this has scarcely been explored". Malia then goes on to describe "two fantasies holding out the promise of a better Soviet socialism than the one the Bolsheviks actually built".
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The following year, an MSPCA animal shelter opened in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, now known as Berkshire Humane Society. The Angell Memorial Animal Hospital launched the first veterinary intern training program in 1940. In 1943, Angell was first to apply techniques of aseptic surgery to small animal medicine and surgery. The MSPCA assumed control of the Foote Memorial Animal Shelter on Martha's Vineyard in 1945 until 2009, when ownership of the shelter was transferred to a local animal shelter. Also in 1945, Angell became the first veterinary hospital to institute 24-hour nursing and veterinary care. In 1950, the MSPCA opened an animal shelter and hospital on Nantucket, which was operated by the MSPCA until 2012, when Nantucket veterinarians purchased the hospital and opened it as the “Offshore Animal Hospital of Nantucket.” Also in 1950, the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) in Great Britain joined with the MSPCA to create the International Society for the Protection of Animals (now the World Animal Protection).
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In the longer term, scarcity of tin later led to completely substituting aluminum foil for tin foil and polymer lined steel cans and aseptic packaging substituting for tin electroplated steel cans. Resources change over time with technology and economics; more efficient recovery leads to a drop in the ore grade needed. The average grade of the copper ore processed has dropped from 4.0% copper in 1900 to 1.63% in 1920, 1.20% in 1940, 0.73% in 1960, 0.47% in 1980, and 0.44% in 2000."Domestic Reserves vis-a-vis Resources","Congressional Handbook on U.S. Materials Import Dependency" House Committee on Banking, Finance & Urban Affairs, September 1981, pp. 19-21 Cobalt had been in an iffy supply status ever since the Belgian Congo (world's only significant source of cobalt) was given a hasty independence in 1960 and the cobalt-producing province seceded as Katanga, followed by several wars and insurgencies, local government removals, railroads destroyed, and nationalizations.
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Hovione was always present in the pharmaceutical industry offering products and services related to the development and manufacture of either a new chemical entity (NCE) for an exclusive contract manufacturing partner or an existing API for an off- patent product. In nowadays it is an integrated solution provider, from process chemistry to particle engineering to formulation, “Hovione Acquires a Formulation Plant” - Cision PR Newswire from very small scale to full commercial capacity and from preclinical to market. In the area of technologies, it has capabilities in spray drying (also for potent drugs), spray congealing, fluidized spray drying, aseptic spray drying, jet milling, controlled crystallization, microfluidization, continuous manufacturing, “Continuous Processing: Meeting the Need for New Manufacturing Strategies” - Pharma's Almanac continuous tableting. “Hovione and Vertex Partner in Continuous Manufacturing” - Cision PR Newswire And methodologies Quality by Design, “Speeding Development And Reducing Costs With Analytical Quality By Design” - Pharma's Almanac process analytical technology (PAT), britest, lean, scale-up science, modeling.
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In 2005, Pascual once again pioneered the launch of the first aseptic PET plastic bottle for packaging of Uperisada Milk, ensuring the same quality in this new packaging as tetra brik. That same year, it launched its new product line Zumos Pascual, the first freshly squeezed orange juice on the market that does not need cold thanks to the latest technology in its production. 2006 is remembered for the death of Don Tomás Pascual Sanz, founder of the company, producing a generational change in ownership with the incorporation to the presidency of his eldest son Tomás Pascual Gómez-Cuétara, who had been occupying the position of CEO since 1996 . The Tomás Pascual Sanz Institute sees the light in 2007, an entity designed to maintain the legacy of the founder in pursuit of health and quality of life, having since focused its activity on the dissemination of healthy habits, nutrition and health until 2017, year of celebrating its X anniversary.
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An investigation was conducted by 18 veterinarians from the American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine, commissioned by the Office for Protection from Research Risks (OPRR). Charles R. McCarthy, director of the OPRR at the time, wrote that "[d]espite the fact that Unnecessary Fuss grossly overstated the deficiencies in the Head Injury Clinic, OPRR found many extraordinarily serious violations of the Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals ... Furthermore, OPRR found deficiencies in the procedures for care of animals in many other laboratories operated under the auspices of the university." The violations included that the depth of anesthetic coma was questionable; that most of the animals were not seen by a veterinarian either before or after surgery; survival surgical techniques were not carried out in the required aseptic manner; that the operating theater was not properly cleaned; and that smoking was allowed in the operating theater despite the presence of oxygen tanks. When PETA made its 26-minute film available, the OPRR initially refused to investigate because the film had been edited from 60 hours of videotape.
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Kerr was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Philadelphia Flyers in 1980. Though initially a winger with hands that could bruise an opponent's face as well as beat an opposing goaltender, it took three seasons before he staked his reputation as a lethal sniper. Kerr missed the majority of the 1982-83 season with knee issues and a broken leg, but turned things around starting in the 1983-84 season. That's when he began his team-record run of four consecutive 50-goal campaigns, in the process setting the NHL single-season record for power play goals with 34 in the 1985–86 season. During the first round of the '85 playoffs, against the New York Rangers, Kerr set a still-standing NHL single-game record by scoring four goals in a span of 8:16 in the second period of an eventual 6-5 victory at Madison Square Garden which enabled Philadelphia to sweep the best-of-five series. The next season was particularly interesting, in that in September 1985 he was hospitalized with aseptic meningitis at the outset, but recovered sufficiently to set a career best of 58 goals.
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