We've refined our micro-trenching methods and are seeing good outcomes elsewhere.
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A lead vehicle would cut trenching into the existing surface and sweep up debris.
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It's a cover from one of Omaha, NE's finest (and lesser known) bands, McCarthy Trenching.
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They're going to start trenching and laying fiber next week — it'll be done and lit up in 2020.
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BLIX scans parking lots and fences, counting cars and gateways, examining the ground moisture for signs of tunneling and trenching.
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The contractor was somehow buried while involved in the trenching work and succumbed to the injuries, Alberta Labour spokesman Trent Bancarz said.
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However the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)said in 2010 that use of the robot will result in cost in infrastructure such as towers, lights, and trenching.
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"Prior to us coming into the market, Oak Wilt trenching was done by utility contractors that knew less about Oak Wilt than, normally, the home owners did," he says.
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Google Fiber has at times faced legal challenges from rivals (like AT&T) that don't want to share utility poles, so shallow trenching is also a way around that hurdle.
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It's also looking into innovative techniques for connecting along the highway, such as micro trenching, where the fiber optic cable is embedded a few inches into the road and blacktopped over.
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Other ISPs including AT&T offer fiber service in the city — AT&T has outpaced Google Fiber at connecting homes to fiber internet — and haven't encountered the same trenching troubles, CNET says.
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Unfortunately, this "shallow trenching" method meant that the cabling became exposed and damaged over time, and eventually Google Fiber decided to end the service rather than have to rebuild the entire network.
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As it stands today, Google Fiber is only available in 18 markets throughout the US. Last year, Google Fiber suffered yet another public defeat after it had to permanently suspend operations in Louisville, Kentucky after attempting a method of fiber installation called "shallow trenching" that would have sped up its deployment time, but that failed to hold up over time due to how close to the surface the cables were lying.
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The Department of Justice (DOJ) jumped on the majority opinion in Abbasi to support its case for the legality of Donald Trump's travel ban in its June 21st brief: "[A]s this court reiterated only days ago, '[n]ational-security policy is the prerogative of the Congress and president', and '[j]udicial inquiry into the national-security realm raises concerns for the separation of powers in trenching on matters committed to the other branches'".
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The fault was discovered with the help of aerial photography followed by field studies and trenching.
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McCarthy Trenching is a band from Omaha, Nebraska led by Dan McCarthy. The band has opened for other acts such as Bright Eyes. In 2013 the McCarthy Trenching song A Keg of Beer and an Accordion was named one of Music Times' "Best '_________ and Beer' Songs".
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Rupture along the Wairarapa Fault and Wharekauhau thrust was responsible for the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake, there is also evidence from trenching that the rupture continued onto the Alfredton Fault. The uplifted beach ridges of Turakirae Head provide a proxy record of prehistoric earthquakes. This record has been checked by trenching across parts of the Wairarapa Fault. The trenching recorded five surface rupturing events since about 5,500 years BP, the last of which is the 1855 earthquake and two of which are not recorded by beach ridges.
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Homeowners often prefer to use Sentricon baiting systems because it doesn't involve drilling or trenching, and bait stations are discreet.
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Tractor mount trencher while going to construction area to dig trenches for fiber optic cable mounting process. A tractor-mount trencher is a trenching device which needs a creeping gear tractor to operate. This type of trenchers is another type of chain trencher. The tractor should be able to go as slowly as the trencher's trenching speed.
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Continuous trenching involves using a large cutting chain excavator system then using the trench box and hopper to continuously back- fill the trench with reactive media. Continuous trenching can be fast and thus, inexpensive, but can only be used for trenches less than 50 feet deep. In addition, the machinery used for this technique cannot be used effectively for soil with large cobbles.
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The ancient farmers' almanacs (menologia rustica) instruct farmers to sow wheat and barley, and to attend to scribatio, trenching around trees.Scullard, Festivals and Ceremonies, p. 196.
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Barrie's poignant attempt at ghost whispering to be trenching on the Gothic, that's because it ties into a long generic and historical convention of Gothic tropology.
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Archaeological evaluation trenching in 1989 found no clear evidence of any surrounding quarry ditch which would normally have been excavated to provide material for a covering barrow.
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The reservoir was entirely drained. In September work began on the trenching of an test section of thick concrete diaphragm wall into the core of the dam, using the "Hydrofraise" system of grout trenching, extending to below the base of the dam into bedrock.Wiltshire, pp. 125–126 The reservoir was to be kept empty in 1986, but heavy spring runoff carried logs and tumbleweeds into the reservoir, clogging the outlet works.
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Excavator buckets are made of solid steel and generally present teeth protruding from the cutting edge, to disrupt hard material and avoid wear-and-tear of the bucket. Subsets of the excavator bucket are: the ditching bucket, trenching bucket, A ditching bucket is a wider bucket with no teeth, used for excavating larger excavations and grading stone. A trenching excavator bucket is normally wide and with protruding teeth.
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From the results of trenching at a single site along the Astaneh Fault a repeat period of about 3,700 years has been estimated and no large earthquakes have been recorded in the Damghan area since 856. However, further trenching studies are needed to establish whether the entire length of the fault is typically involved in a rupture event, or whether shorter segments may be responsible for smaller (although damaging) earthquakes with a shorter recurrence period.
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No major earthquakes have been recorded instrumentally along this fault zone. Paleoseismological studies using trenching have determined that 2-3 large earthquakes have occurred in the last 2-3000 years.
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Simplified drawing showing a typical jetting system for trenching below a submarine pipeline that is lying on the seafloor. Trenching barges are used to excavate a trench on the seabed for a pipeline or cable to protect and stabilise it. Infilling is usually left to the natural action of the water on the seabed. The actual excavation is done by a sled which may use water jets, airlifts or mechanical plough systems to remove material and form the trench.
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An excavation was made by trenching around the inner face, but no published report is available. The agger of the road leading to the milecastle from the Military Way is visible, measuring wide and high.
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Local leaders hope to bring in trenching machinery to dig irrigation ditches to the nearby Naab- Kajshri river located to the southeast. Other villages near Seengemai include Nagla Nainsukh, Nagla Neewri, Nagla Maharam and Kisraon.
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As of May 9, 2019, Google Fiber micro-trenched 600 miles of fiber in San Antonio neighborhoods. City staff says the majority is on the far Northwest and Northeast sides, including the pilot area in the Westover Hills neighborhood. After closing service in Louisville, KY the company said it learned from its challenges and refined its micro-trenching program to go deeper. According to the company, its Louisville microtrenching was as shallow as two inches. City staff said San Antonio’s trenching depth was 6-8 inches.
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Diagonal systems usually have a very small footprint. Horizontal configurations usually only require trenching to be installed in excavated trenches or a pit. Horizontal systems do not usually require grout, except in the case of directional boring.
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In March 1970 the Massey Ferguson 165 Tractor With Saw Attachment (73) was issued featuring a clever circular saw attachment which rotated as the model was pushed along by means of a long finely coiled spring. Next followed two versions of the Ford 5000 Super Major tractor with a fully operational side trenching scoop (74) in 1970 followed by a version with a rear trenching scoop (72) in January 1971. The next new tractor model was issued in April 1973. The Massey Ferguson MF50B (50) featured a closed cab and was finished in yellow.
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This is generally done by towing the sled along using the pipeline to guide it after the pipeline is in position. The trench is progressively excavated under the pipeline, which sags into it as it is formed. Motion of the trenching barge is generally controlled by heaving in on the forward anchors and slacking away the stern anchors, which will periodically be moved by a service vessel. Diving tasks may include inspection of the pipeline and trench, including measurements where applicable, setting the sled and dealing with problems which may arise during the trenching operation.
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As an alternative to trenching, loops may be laid by mini horizontal directional drilling (mini-HDD). This technique can lay piping under yards, driveways, gardens or other structures without disturbing them, with a cost between those of trenching and vertical drilling. This system also differs from horizontal & vertical drilling as the loops are installed from one central chamber, further reducing the ground space needed. Radial drilling is often installed retroactively (after the property has been built) due to the small nature of the equipment used and the ability to bore beneath existing constructions.
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Deputy Bob Cantwell spotted a bloody handprint on a board over a cellar entrance of the former Rutledge residence. Two hours of digging with trenching tools would reveal Biernat's body, hands tied together with a white, plastic wire.
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The results of the trial trenching are used to inform any future stage of work which may extend to full excavation of the rest of the site if the evaluation reveals significant finds. There is some argument over the sampling strategy to be employed in trial trenching, especially in evaluating sites that are intended for development. Issues such as the effectiveness of certain trench layouts or the percentage of the site to be dug (normally around 5% at present) are widely discussed. Whether an effective picture of past human activity on a site can be truly estimated through this methods is widely debated.
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A vertical, 3-compartment shaft was sunk to a depth of . Some of surface trenching was also completed during the year. An average of 17 men was employed in 1936. Douglas Briden was mine manager and the mine office was in Temagami.
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The Fresno Municipal Sanitary Landfill was the first modern landfill in the United States, and incorporated several important innovations to waste disposal, including trenching, compacting, and the daily covering of trash with dirt. It was opened in 1937 and closed in 1987.
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Paliastomi-Pichori Boating Time: 2 hours This route offers tourists a beautiful view of the Pichori River mouth. While motor-boating through the forest, visitors often describe their experiences as if they were trenching through some sort of jungle. Sport fishing is permitted by the park administration.
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Trenching shovels, stripping shovels, railroad shovels and draglines were also built. Large shovels were built for the Ohio open pit coalfields. By the late 1930s diesel engines replaced steam. Marion excavators were used during construction of Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works in the Soviet Union in 1930s.
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DeepOcean Group Holding (DeepOcean) was established in May 2011. DeepOcean offers the following three main service lines: (i) Inspection, Maintenance and Repair (IMR) and subsea construction, (ii) Seabed Intervention (incl. trenching), and (iii) Cable Installation, servicing the Global Offshore Energy industry from inception to decommissioning. DO 1 UK Ltd.
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It was at this point that the original code name of Cultivator No. 6 was dropped in favour of N.L.E. Tractors. There were various problems with the development and the prototype machine, officially known as N.L.E Trenching Machine Mark I, but nicknamed Nellie was completed in May 1941.
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Prior to founding Woodbine Manufacturing Company, Delbert Brown manufactured farming equipment as Brown Manufacturing Company. After inventing what was then one of the first trenching machines, Brown Manufacturing Company was sold to Omaha Steel Works. Three years later, Brown founded Woodbine Manufacturing Company and began the Tommy Gate brand.
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In 2012, Chief Gathering, LLC. applied for and/or received a permit to construct a natural gas pipeline that would impact several areas of Bowman Hollow and one or more of its unnamed tributaries with open cut trenching and timber mats, as well as a permanent access road.
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A half-meter high scarp was found, and after investigative trenching it was determined that the most recent previous seismic event dated to 1650, and the scarp was interpreted to be the result of one of the 1759 events, but it could not be resolved to either specific earthquake.
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Several strategies are employed by herbivores to relieve canal pressure, including vein cutting and trenching. The technique used by the herbivore corresponds to the architecture of the canal system.Dussourd, D. E., and R. F. Denno. 1991. Deactivation of plant defense: correspondence between insect behavior and secretory canal architecture.
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A large amount of offshore diving work is associated with pipeline work, particularly with pipeline connections. Depths may range from deep to shallow, and procedures and diving mode will be chosen to suit. Work includes aspects of pipe laying and trenching, and work on existing pipelines and ancillary equipment.
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Due to additional cost, this method is typically only used where deeper trenching is not an option due to utility conflicts, shallow bedrock, or other conditions that make deeper excavation infeasible. There are many ways to predict frost depth including factors which relate air temperature, soil temperature and soil properties.
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As the Wellington Fault branches near Woodville, the more northwesterly branch is known as the Ruahine Fault. Results from trenching over this fault suggest an earthquake recurrence interval of 400-500 years, with typical offsets in the range 3.0-5.5 m. At its northern end this fault becomes the Waiohau Fault.
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If they had any pluck there are several places where they could get into the compound and smash us easily. Every day we are fortifying, trenching, barricading, doing everything that is possible, whilst they stay at a safe distance and blaze away like fun'. The Eagle Vol. VIII no 2,pp.
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This method involves archaeological fieldwork to excavate and record finds and features (thereby destroying them). This may involve a full excavation, further trenching in specific areas or an archaeological watching brief which involves an archaeologist monitoring groundworks for the new development and recording any finds or features revealed as construction continue.
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Host range of generalist caterpillars: Trenching permits feeding on plants with secretory canals. Ecology 75:69 – 78. Herbivores can evade this defense, however, by damaging the leaf veins. This technique minimizes the outflow of latex or resin beyond the cut and allows herbivores to freely feed above the damaged section.
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The backfill blade is used for grading, leveling, backfilling, trenching, and general dozer work. The blade can be used to increase dump height and digging depth depending on its position in relation to the excavator's workgroup, this makes it very versatile. It is also used to stabilize the machine while digging.
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During this period, a small test pit was sunk into the quartz vein. In 1961–1963, Danlou Mines Limited performed trenching. The highest assays were of gold per ton and of silver per ton over . Danlou Mines Limited also completed three diamond drill holes totalling north of the Danlou Occurrence.
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Edna Fault is part of the San Luis (Mount Buchon) range in San Luis Obispo County, California. It contains both Miocene and Pliocene strata against a Franciscan basement and forms the northern border of the Pismo syncline. According to trenching and bedrock mapping studies, the fault was inactive during the late Quaternary period.
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The cantonment is broadly divided into two areas for this purpose i.e. civil area and the bungalow area. Dustbins are provided at suitable central locations from where it is removed and disposed of at the trenching ground near Badey Purwa Village. Cleaning of ward no 1, 2 and 4 are done through contractors.
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Ecology 72:1383 – 1396. Dussourd and Denno examined the behavior of 33 species of insect herbivores on 10 families of plants with canals and found that herbivores on plants with branching canal systems used vein cutting, while herbivores found on plants with net-like canal systems employed trenching to evade plant defenses.
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A bare earth circle that may be the site of the early blacksmiths shop. Metal detection has indicated metal remnants. 7\. Water trenches. As noted in item 3 above, this land was described as 4 square chains of well trenched land and there are many indications of this trenching over the site. 8\.
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In July, the Arlington County Board of Supervisors said it had not approved a Washington Boulevard approach to Arlington Memorial Bridge,"Action Is Deferred on Bridge Approach." Washington Post. July 1, 1931. but then a month later a county supervisor said that trenching and grading for a Washington Boulevard approach was under way.
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A utility must have practices in place for tree pruning similar to methods prescribed by Dr. Alex L. Shigo and keeping in compliance with ANSI A300 that include avoiding tree topping, tree tipping, removing branch collars and leaving long stubs. Workers who perform line clearance, including contractor workers, must read and understand Dr. Shigo's field guide (or an equivalent one approved by the State Forester and the Foundation), follows its recommendations, and has a copy at every work site for quick reference. For trenching and tunneling near trees, it is recommended workers follow methods in Dr. James R. Fazio's field guide to reduce the destruction of roots and injury to trees. The utility must provide educational information to its underground workers on proper trenching and tunneling.
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Cable for the fjord, tunnel and lake sections, and the onshore connection in Norway, will be supplied by Nexans and manufactured at Nexans' plant in Halden, Norway. It will be laid by using Capjet trenching system and the cable-laying vessel Skagerrak. The HVDC converter stations will be built and installed by the ABB Group.
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It was excavated by trenching around the inner face, but the original excavators are unknown. It is now visible as a few facing stones and a turf-covered bank, 3.5 metres wide and 0.9 metres high. The agger of the road that leads to the Military Way is 3.5 metres wide and 0.2 metres high.
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In the Gusev crater of Mars, the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit inadvertently discovered opaline silica. One of its wheels had earlier become immobilized and thus was effectively trenching the Martian regolith as it dragged behind the traversing rover. Later analysis showed that the silica was evidence for hydrothermal conditions. Ruff, S. W., et al. (2011).
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The longest of these possible candidates for the source of the 856 earthquake is the 150 km long Astaneh Fault System. Trenching along one of the segments of the Astaneh Fault System has provided evidence of a significant earthquake along the fault that occurred well after 600 BC and before 1300 AD, consistent with the 856 event.
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Discussions took place on having the carriageway planted with an avenue of trees. A total of 56 burials were recorded to December 1886. In 1887 the Trustees received a Treasury grant to undertake improvements to the cemetery grounds, including planting, provision of seats and gates, trenching and asphalting. A sub-committee was formed to carry out the works.
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The clearing flail is turned longitudinally and mounted on the top of the vehicle for during transportation. The maximum gradient that the vehicle can navigate is 60% and the steepest side slope 30%. The highest vertical step the vehicle can climb is 0.5 metres and the trenching capability is 0.6 metres. The maximum fording depth is 0.8 metres.
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Submarine pipelines are another common type of man-made structure in the offshore environment.Palmer and King 2008 These structures either rest on the seabed, or are placed inside a trench to protect them from fishing trawlers, dragging anchors or fatigue due current-induced oscillations.Ramakrishnan, p. 186 Trenching is also used to protect pipelines from gouging by ice keels.
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Agricola describes searching streams for metals and gems that have been washed from the veins. He also suggests looking for exposed veins and also describes the effects of metals on the overlying vegetation. He recommends trenching to investigate veins beneath the surface. He then describes dowsing with a forked twig although he rejects the method himself.
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DeepOcean is an Oslo, Norway - based company which provides subsea services to the global offshore industries such as Inspection Maintenance and Repair (IMR), Subsea Construction, Cable Lay, and Subsea Trenching. Its 1,100 employees project manage and operate a fleet of Vessels, ROV's and subsea Trenchers. DeepOcean operates mostly in the Oil & Gas and Offshore Renewables industries globally, with offices located around the world.
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In 1976, the family moved to Alamosa, Colorado where Crowder bought a small farm and started a trenching and excavating company. The business contracted with the phone company to bury telephone lines in Southern Colorado. The advent of fiber optic technology in the late 1990s made the excavating company's services obsolete. In need of income, Crowder began working for the postal service.
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Trenching protects the pipeline from current and external loads such as from iceberg gouging, trawl nets and anchors, and saddles and ground anchors can secure the pipeline against lateral movement when located by piles or grouted to the substrate. Deploying these items usually requires diver input for controlling the placement, and may also require the diver to physically move components like sandbags.
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Aggressive control is needed if trees show symptoms of being infected. Time is of the essence since nearby trees may already be infected. Removal and destruction of the infected tree is the first step, followed by trenching around the next two rows of trees near it to isolate infection. Spraying trees with insecticide will also help reduce the chances of transmission by leafhopper.
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Patrick Kenny led a small ambush party of about 20 men and crept into the camp at approximately 3am.MSP34REF20538 Vol John Kinnane (Cunnane) Bekan CoyMSP34REF11225 Vol Michael Folliard, Crossard Coy They were armed with shotguns and revolvers. A further 188 IRA men (many of them unarmed) from the Battalion were on scouting, road trenching, sentry and outpost duties in the surrounding district.
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A press release stated, the nine companies "launched the largest single, privately financed construction project in the history of the United States." The initial investment by the nine companies approached $370 million. R.J. Andress was named President of the newly formed company. Constructing the Colonial Pipeline required 600,000 tons of steel; and trenching 16.7 million cubic yards of earth to bury the pipeline.
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Victorian Eel Fishery – Management Plan Accessed 25 November 2008 Near Lake Bolac a semi-permanent village extended some 35 kilometres along the river bank during autumn. George Augustus Robinson on 7 July 1841 described some of the infrastructure that had been constructed near Mount William: > ...an area of at least 15 acres was thus traced out ... These works must > have been executed at great cost of labour ... There must have been some > thousands of yards of this trenching and banking. The whole of the water > from the mountain rivulets is made to pass through this trenching ere it > reaches the marsh ...Harry Lourandos, pp. 63–65, Continent of Hunter- > gatherers: New Perspectives in Australian Prehistory, Cambridge University > Press, 1997, The way of life of the Aboriginal people of Western Victoria, who included the Gunditjmara, differed from other groups in Victoria in several respects.
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S. Army SGM Academy, Warrior Leader Course (Modified), Army School System, 2005, p. 11-15 E-tool, or trenching tool is a digging tool used by military forces for a variety of military purposes. Survivalists, campers, hikers and other outdoors groups have found it to be indispensable in field use. Modern entrenching tools are usually collapsible and made using steel, aluminum, or other light metals.
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DigAlert handles nine Southern California counties. Calls to either center are free for all homeowners, excavators and professional contractors who are digging, blasting, trenching, drilling, grading, excavating, or otherwise moving any earth. USA began operation in 1976 and incorporated as a mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation in 1986. USA receives planned excavation reports from public and private excavators and transmits those reports to participating members of USA.
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The ancient name of the lands was Over Newton. It is thought that a small Roman station existed on Yorkhill. In 1868, while workmen were trenching ground on the summit of the hill, where faint indications of earthworks had long existed, they found Roman remains. These included several brass Roman coins (one of which was of Trajan), bronze finger-rings and fragments of Samian pottery.
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Archaeological trial trenches Trial trenching is a rapid and relatively inexpensive method of archaeological evaluation used to estimate the archaeological potential of a site. Trenches are located at intervals across a site leaving the rest untouched. A mechanical excavator is used to dig down to archaeological features or natural geological deposits and any archaeology is recorded. No further excavation takes place at this stage.
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Trenching and other fieldwork along the trace of the Yenice–Gönen Fault has identified three earthquakes before the 1953 event, about 1440 AD, between 620 and 1270 AD, and another event of uncertain age. These past events give a mean recurrence interval for large earthquakes of 660±160 years. This indicates that there is no significant current threat from ruptures along this fault zone.
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Radiometric dating applied to the calcite in the fault produced ages between 2.5 and 0.5 million years old. Presumably, initial faulting produced fractures that allowed fluid flow and the development of cataclasites, alternating with brittle faulting. Heat flow resulted in the thermal alteration of the host rocks. The Gemmi Fault has offset moraine scree deposits, indicating Quaternary fault activity; this observation was also made during trenching.
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The underlying chalk was not near the surface so a trench was dug and chalk from another site was used to fill the trench. The reason this method of construction has led to the Snobs Horse occasionally revealing itself, is because trenching is invasive in the hillside and allows traces of the figure to be seen even when the figure has been overgrown for many years.
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The short handled Manvetti exerts more pressure but tiresome to use continuously. The long handled Manvetti is less strenuous and useful for long and continued work. The short handled Manvetti is widely used in wet lands for trenching, bunding etc. Its important to mention that though the long handled Manvetti is used in states like Kerala in India, the shorter one is preferred or widely used.
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Marais or Groupe Marais, founded in 1962 in France, is a manufacturer of trenchers. The head office and workshop buildings have been located in Durtal since 2001. Marais society via its founder, Jacques Marais is in 1962 behind the trenching wheel and the mechanized laying of cables or flexible pipes process. At present, MARAIS line includes mainly wheel trenchers, chain trenchers, and micro trenchers.
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Linnwood is described not as a villa, or a mansion, but as an "extensive cottage". The interior was described as "comfort trenching on the confines of luxuriousness" - but certainly not opulence. This report confirms the others in the description of the rooms. At the rear, the breakfast room and kitchen were to the left of the court, the laundry and "other offices" to the right.
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Contour trenching is an agricultural technique that can be easily applied in arid sub-Sahara areas to allow for water, and soil conservation, and to increase agricultural production. A deep continuous contour trench in Maharashtra, India A contour trenchline in India Between two trenches crops can benefit during the growing season (when there is less rain) from the subsoil water reserve gathered during the rainy season.
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Near Mount William, an elaborate network of channels, weirs and eel traps and stone shelters had been constructed, indicative of a semi-permanent lifestyle in which eels were an important economic component for food and bartering, particularly the Short-finned eel. Near Lake Bolac a semi-permanent village extended some along the river bank during autumn. George Augustus Robinson on 7 July 1841 described some of the infrastructure that had been constructed near Mount William: :'...an area of at least was thus traced out... These works must have been executed at great cost of labour... There must have been some thousands of yards of this trenching and banking. The whole of the water from the mountain rivulets is made to pass through this trenching ere it reaches the marsh...' In mid summer, gatherings for ceremony and hunting took place at Mirraewuae, a marsh near Hexham rich with emu and other game.
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Lindemann was impressed by Clarke and his ideas. Churchill already had a trenching machine in development at the Naval Land Section at the Ministry of Supply; it was known by its code name Cultivator No. 6. The Cultivator worked by purely mechanical means and was by this time in an advanced state. Clarke's idea was simpler and it would be able to clear landmines and other obstacles in its path.
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The San Andreas Fault and Hayward Faults are the most active faults, although the San Andreas is at some distance. Locally, the Sulphur Springs Valley Thrust Fault and Southampton Fault are found. No quaternary seismic activity along these minor faults has been observed with the possible exception of a slight offset revealed by trenching. The Sulphur Mountain and Green Valley faults have been associated with the Concord Fault to the south.
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Export cable installation began late 2010, under contract to Visser & Smith Marine Contracting. Work was carried out by the ships Atlantic Guardian (route clearance), Team Oman (laying), and VOS Sympathy (trenching). The offshore substations were installed in May 2011 by Heerema. The remaining pile foundations, and the transition pieces and offshore substation topsides where installed by Seaway Heavy Lifting between May and August 2011 using the newly built Oleg Strashnov.
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In April 2017, Google announced that Google Fiber would start construction in Louisville, Kentucky. Google Fiber got the service to sections of Louisville in five months after it first announced that it would be coming to the city—faster than it had ever deployed before—by using shallow trenching. In February 2019 Google announced it would shut down service on April 15.Google Fiber is leaving Louisville in humiliating setback.
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Prospecting for placer gold is normally done with a gold pan or similar instrument to wash free gold particles from loose surface sediment.J.M. West (1971) How to Mine and Prospect for Placer Gold, US Bureau of Mines, Information Circular 8517. The use of gold pans is centuries old, but is still common among prospectors and miners with little financial backing. Deeper placer deposits may be sampled by trenching or drilling.
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The results of trenching across the Septentrional Fault in the Ciabo valley have identified large earthquakes, similar in character to that in 1842, at around 1230 and another historical event in 1562. Assuming that these earthquakes were caused by displacement on the same segment of the fault, a recurrence interval of about 300 years is indicated, similar to that proposed for the Enriquillo fault in the southern part of the island.
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In the coniferous harvest, aspen that is not harvested is usually left standing to reduce suckering, as well as for the benefit of wildlife. Regeneration of white spruce is more difficult. In general, plantation techniques are used, with mechanical site preparation following clearcutting. Depending on site conditions and availability of equipment, disk trenching, double disking, blading, ripper, or Marttiini plowing, Bracke spot scarification, high-speed mixing, or spot mounding are used.
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The Rayrock Mine was a uranium producing venture in the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is located on the south side of Maryleer Lake and the north shore of Fault Lake, 169 kilometers northwest of Yellowknife and 74 kilometres northwest of Rae. Radioactive deposits were originally staked in 1948 and then restaked in 1950. American Yellowknife Mines Limited explored the site with detailed Geiger surveys and extensive trenching in the early 1950s.
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Temagami-Lorrain Mine is an abandoned surface and underground mine in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is located about northeast of the town of Temagami near Sauvé Lake in central Cassels Township. It is named after the Temagami-Lorrain Mining Company, which carried out work on the property in the early 1900s. Development by the Temagami-Lorrain Mining Company consisted of trenching, stripping and sinking of a shaft in fractured Nipissing diabase.
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Most of all, there was a demand for vessels that could conduct flexible pipe and cable laying and trenching and ploughing of cables and pipelines. Other defined tasks were e.g. cable repair work, anchor handling and the moving of offshore oil drilling platforms, semi-submersible units, and other offshore units, and transportation of deck cargo. The operational area was defined as worldwide service concentrating to the Northern and Arctic areas.
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Holmes 2004, pp. 249–53 The fighting at Ypres, the last before major trenching began, destroyed the last of the original BEF. Since the outbreak of war the BEF had suffered 90,000 casualties, 58,000 of them in October and November, compared to an initial infantry strength (the first seven divisions) of 84,000. Of those who had landed in August, an average of one officer and thirty men per battalion remained.
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It would even be able to deal with blockhouses by placing multiple charges underneath them before blowing them up. The main disadvantage of Clarke's trenching machine was that at an estimated speed of per hour it was much slower than Cultivator's per hour. Clarke was made an Assistant Director in the Naval Land Section at the generous salary of £1,000 per annum (equivalent to £ in ). Clarke came to hate his Admiralty job.
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For offshore construction projects, Nordica is equipped with a Hydralift active heave compensated crane capable of lifting 30 tons at a radius of or 160 tons at . She also has a smaller MacGregor crane capable of lifting 5 tons at . The vessel can also be equipped with a 120-ton A-frame for trenching machines and ploughs. Nordica has a helipad and can accommodate 48 workers in addition to the ship's crew.
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It appears that when the Straight Creek Fault became stuck the north–south compressive force that it had accommodated by strike-slip motion was transferred to the crust of the Puget Lowland, which subsequently folded and faulted, and the various blocks jammed over one another. Other scarps associated with the Seattle fault have been identified by LIDAR-based mapping;. trenching has generally shown the faulting to be more complex than was first realized., p.1389.
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Western section of the Gaza–Beersheba Line After April, the defences at Gaza had been strengthened. Many of the houses were built on a ridge, each with its own garden surrounded by high cactus hedges, enclosing an area at least deep. Along with this formidable area the of trenching west of the town needed to be attacked by infantry as Allenby did not have enough artillery to do the job.Massey 1919 p.
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All parts of the Marlborough Fault System are currently seismically active. Historical earthquakes (since European settlement) have occurred on both the Hope and Awatere Faults and on the smaller Poulter Fault. Studies of the geomorphology and the use of trenching across fault strands, has identified many earthquakes that occurred during the Holocene on many parts of the fault system. The Hope Fault, which has the fastest slip rate is characterised by the shortest recurrence interval.
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The vehicle stands on four equal-sized wheels with low- pressure tires. The rear wheels are steered in a similar way to a forklift truck. The bulldozer blade was designed in the early models in a characteristic V-shape, gradually replaced by a flat design. Later, it was decided to install additional equipment on the rear of the vehicle, such as pulling devices, rippers to loosen the ground, or large trenching machines.
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To obtain information about the soil conditions below the surface, some form of subsurface exploration is required. Methods of observing the soils below the surface, obtaining samples, and determining physical properties of the soils and rocks include test pits, trenching (particularly for locating faults and slide planes), boring, and in situ tests. These can also be used to identify contamination in soils prior to development in order to avoid negative environmental impacts.
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In 1991, the Supreme Court of Canada decided that the Anishnabai community no longer had aboriginal title to the land they claimed. This allowed mineral exploration in Strathy Township once again. However, the Temagami Land Caution was not entirely lifted until 1995 as a result of a court order. The 1992 Gwen Resources test pit In 1991, Gwen Resources Limited performed a detailed program of diamond drilling, geological mapping, trenching and surveying at Beanland.
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Gillmore decided on siege operations to capture Fort Wagner using innovative technology such as the Requa gun and calcium flood light to blind opponents during trenching efforts. He also implanted a massive Parrott rifle, nicknamed the "Swamp Angel", which fired 200-pound shots into the city of Charleston itself. Despite the swampy ground Union troops were able to work their way toward Fort Wagner. Meanwhile, Gillmore's artillery pounded Fort Sumter into rubble.
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Fresno Municipal Sanitary Landfill, opened in 1935 in Fresno, California, was the first modern landfill in the U.S., pioneering the use of trenching, compacting, and daily burial to combat rodent and debris problems. It became a model for other landfills around the country, and one of the longest-lived. The landfill was operated by the City of Fresno until it closed in 1989. At that time, the landfill had reached the size of .
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For offshore construction projects Fennica is equipped with a Hydralift crane capable of lifting 30 tons at a radius of or 15 tons at . She also has a smaller MacGregor crane capable of lifting 5 tons at or 1.5 tons at . The vessel can also be equipped with a 120-ton A-frame for trenching machines and ploughs. Fennica has a helipad and can accommodate 48 workers in addition to the ship's crew.
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Since rainbowing transfers material by ejecting it through the air, the technique is useful for reclaiming areas that are too shallow for direct placement. pp. 17 In addition, rainbowing allows the dredger to dispose excavated sediment on-site. This is useful for dredging operations such as creating trenches since the dredger can simply cast the excavated sediment to the side as opposed to spending time dumping or transporting the collected sediment. This allows for a continuous trenching operation.
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Since 1960, one started using long, flexible, corrugated plastic (PVC or PE) pipes that could be installed efficiently in one go by trenching machines. The pipes could be pre-wrapped with an envelope material, like synthetic fibre and geotextile, that would prevent the entry of soil particles into the drains. Thus, land drainage became a powerful industry. At the same time agriculture was steering towards maximum productivity, so that the installation of drainage systems came in full swing.
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Most of all, there was a demand for vessels that could conduct flexible pipe and cable laying and trenching and ploughing of cables and pipelines. Other defined tasks were e.g. cable repair work, anchor handling and the moving of offshore oil drilling platforms, semi-submersible units, and other offshore units, and transportation of deck cargo. The contract for the construction of the first vessel with an option for a sister ship was signed with Finnyards in October 1991.
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Hypothesized structure of the west end of the Seattle Uplift, showing left-lateral strike- slip movement if shortening is from the southwest (arrow). SF = Seattle Fault, TF = Tacoma Fault, EPZ = East Passage Zone. From , fig. 18B. The Tacoma Fault - actually a zone of connected faults - was first suspected from gravitational surveying in the 1960s, subsequently confirmed by seismic reflection and other geophysical data, and traced by detailed Lidar mapping; trenching and other paleoseismological studies have documented late Holocene uplift.
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She participated in Project "Caesar" out of Shelburne harbor, Nova Scotia, trenching and blasting in the ocean floor off the Nova Scotia coast. At one point during the mission, Windlass took shelter in Shelburne harbor from Hurricane Edna. In September, Windlass returned to Norfolk where she resumed her local operations. Two months later, on 8 November 1954, Windlass headed to a point off Cape Henry where she commenced salvage operations trying to raise two sunken planes.
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In 2017 Google Fiber launched in three new cities: Huntsville, Alabama; Louisville, Kentucky; and San Antonio, Texas. It also began to heavily rely on shallow trenching, a new method of laying cables that cut a small groove in the street or sidewalk lay the fiber in that groove, and backfill it with a special epoxy, to expedite the construction process. In at least one case, cables were buried too shallow and were ripped up by repaving.
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The small spring constant of the torque spring precluded the determination of density from the impact tests. Penetrations of 38 to 50 mm were obtained from the bearing tests, and a 175 mm depth was reached during trenching operations. The design of the mechanism and its electronic auxiliary was more than adequate for the lunar surface operations. The scoop was also returned to Earth by the Apollo 12 astronauts and is currently on display at JPL.
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Along with the trenching operations, the Federals also constructed three mines underneath the opposing works, two of them directed against the Priest Cap, and one under the Citadel. After the mines were finished, chambers at the end of the mines would be loaded with powder, and exploded under the Confederate works, destroying them, and blowing gaps in the trench lines. At this point an infantry assault would be launched, hopefully overrunning the entire fortification.Cunningham, p. 101-7.
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"Stocker"(1999) pg.9 John of Gaunts palace was substantially re-built in 1849, becoming an ‘ordinary-looking stone-built property’ which survived until the 1960s, when it was demolished to make way for a garage extension. One of the hall windows, recorded by Edward James Willson did survive into the 1940s. A series of stone foundations and walls aligned east-west and north-south were recorded in February 2008, during trial trenching at 116 High Street, Lincoln.
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An example would be a location used for contemporary Native American religious events that has no archaeological remains. A phase of evaluation is considered important in assessing the significance of a possible cultural heritage site. This can comprise a desk- based study, interviews with informants in the community, a wide-area survey, or trial trenching. In North America, survey normally includes either walking ploughed fields in 5–10-metre transects or digging shovel test pits at the same intervals.
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From 1970 to 1971, the British Geological Survey included the Yanacocha District in their reconnaissance survey, which showed the district contained a significant silver anomaly. This led CEDIMIN, a joint venture of BRGM and Compania de Minera Buenaventura, to acquire the mineral concessions in the district. Trenching in 1982 confirmed significant silver. Newmont Mining Corporation became the operator of the joint venture in 1985 after a site visit in 1983 and 25 drill holes were made in 1984.
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Rather than forming a tight bulb like the onion, the leek produces a long cylinder of bundled leaf sheaths that are generally blanched by pushing soil around them (trenching). They are often sold as small seedlings in flats that are started off early in greenhouses, to be planted out as weather permits. Once established in the garden, leeks are hardy; many varieties can be left in the ground during the winter to be harvested as needed.
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The stones in the circle were toppled over and buried in 1820 by a tenant farmer, with the exception of one stone. In 1949 the site was excavated and nine of the stones were located, and replaced as accurately as possible. The excavations uncovered an oval stone cairn situated in the circle centre. Trenching under the cairn revealed charcoal traces, calcined bones, a broken early Bronze Age jet or lignite ring, and flint flakes and scraper.
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Louis personally directed the main attack against the south gate. The counts of Nassau-Weilburg and Leiningen led the Palatine troops in a false attack against the earthworks on Queichausfluss while Thüngen commanded the attack against the Crownwork. Using their plentiful supply of ammunition, the French gunners delivered heavy and accurate fire on the Imperial trenching forces. In order to protect the working parties, the men were fitted with helmets and cuirasses borrowed from the heavy cavalrymen.
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The workgroup of a compact hydraulic excavator consists of the boom, dipper or arm, and attachment (e.g. auger, bucket or breaker). It is connected to the front of the excavator's house structure via a swing frame that allows the workgroup to be hydraulically pivoted left or right to achieve offset digging for trenching parallel with the tracks. Certain manufacturers including Terex and Caterpillar (CAT) offer an extendable boom option, much like the extendable boom of a backhoe loader.
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The Tree Line USA program recognizes public and private utilities for their use of best practices in arboriculture, primarily following the ANSI A300 guidelines from the Tree Care Industry Association on tree topping and pruning, tree removals and planting, and trenching or tunneling near trees. In order to qualify, a utility must also provide annual training for their workers, educate the public on tree planting and the use of trees for energy conservation, and sponsor an Arbor Day celebration.
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After returning to Harvard late in 1919 he had a breakdown as a result of the gas poisoning and "shell shock". As a result, he moved with his young family to southern California and after trying farming, studied journalism and English at the University of California at Berkeley. Gallishaw published five books. The first, Trenching at Gallipoli is subtitled A Personal Narrative of a Newfoundlander with the Ill-fated Dardanelles Expedition and was dedicated to Professor Charles Townsend Copeland.
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Warneford Meadow was purchased in 1918 by the Warneford Hospital, a psychiatric hospital, following the sale of the adjacent Southfield Farm.Headington News website describing the history of Warneford Hospital. The purchase was funded by public subscription, with the aim of providing natural green space for the psychological benefit of patients and the local community. Archaeological trenching performed in 2006 suggested a Roman or pre-Roman settlement, or area of pottery production, in the area of the present meadow.
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5th Light Horse Regiment at left bank outpost April 1918 This defensive position covered the bridge and consisted of trenching and barbed wire and was covered by guns from the western bank. The 1st Light Horse Brigade was heavily attacked at 04:00 by the Ottoman 48th Division. They pushed forward to within of the line but were heavily shelled by covering artillery and at 12:30 a regiment of light horse rode out and attacked their flank.Powles 1922, pp.
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Sachs Electric Company is the largest electrical contractor in Missouri."Sachs names Murdick as chief exec", by Linda Tucci, St. Louis Business Journal, June 2, 2000. Retrieved Mar 25, 2010. In addition, Sachs has four specialized divisions: Sachs Automation, for pneumatic and computer-based process control systems; Sachs Systems for communications and security systems; McGraw Electric (in Livonia, Michigan) for automotive industry and other industrial electrical contracting; and Sachs Civil, for in-house support for trenching, excavating and general trades.
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The arm could also be moved from an azimuth of +40° to -72° or be elevated 130 mm by motor drives. It could also be dropped onto the lunar surface under force provided by gravity and a spring. The scoop was mounted below the television camera in a position that allowed it to reach the alpha-scattering instrument in its deployed position and redeploy it to another selected location. The instrument performed 16 bearing tests, seven trenching tests, and two impact tests.
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From the offset of dated river terraces a displacement of 23 m has been estimated along the Wairau Fault since about 5610 yrs BP. Trenching studies along the trace of the Wairau Fault have identified four dateable slip events within this interval, the age of latest event falls in the range 1811-2301 BP. The average recurrence interval for earthquakes along this fault is in the range 1150-1400 yrs. The estimated average slip for each event is about 6 m.
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Giraffa jumae is an extinct species of even-toed ungulate in the Giraffidae family. The species ranged from Malawi to Chad with a possible occurrence of the species or a closely related species found in Turkey. The type specimen was discovered during trenching excavations on the upper member of the Rawi Formation by Louis Leakey in the 1930s. The specimen was found with Ceratotherium simum, Suidae such as Metridiochoerus andrewsi, a Hippopotamus gorgops, and a nearly complete pygmy hippopotamus mandible.
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Some soils (for example, clay), due to lack of water can become consolidated rather than porous (as in the case of sandy soils). Some techniques as zaï or tillage are then used to still allow the planting of crops. Waffle gardens can also help as they can provide protection of the plants against wind/sandblasting, and increase the hours of shade falling on the plant.Grow Vegetables in the Desert With a 'Waffle Garden' Another technique that is useful is contour trenching.
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This rainwater holding well/tank provided the domestic water for the early settlers, and was fed by the trenching system across the land. 5\. A shallow depression, where the Vayos have a display of some vintage weather recording devices and Stevenson's Screen, was associated with the original hut site adjacent, most likely as a storage and wine making area. Excavation of soil that formed the depression may have been used as a source of material for the wattle and daub hut. 6\.
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Outcrops of high magnesium ultramafic rocks of the Goose Lake Formation are found south and northwest of the lake. In the south of the lake, gold is reported to be found, although exploration work has consisted almost entirely of trenching. The lake is mostly contained within the McArthur Lake Nickel Property owned by Eloro Resources Ltd.. Eloro acquired this property, which covers about , in 2007 via claim staking after an airborne geophysical survey showed magnetic continuity with the Texmont nickel-bearing lithologies to the south.
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The cave is believed by experts to be the fifth largest cave in Bexar County. The developer of the neighborhood wishes to seal of the cave with concrete and to redesign then subdivision, so no house will be built atop it. He plans on doing this, not only to preserve the cave, but also to finish his neighborhood. The cave has been seriously damaged after the deep rock trenching by the developer, inadequate protection from the elements and local, amateur spelunkers that explored the system.
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In April 1940, came a huge surprise: someone else had invented a high speed trenching machine envisaged to be used in a similar way but working by quite different means. The inventor was Cecil Vandepeer Clarke who had recently worked on the limpet mine. Clarke had prepared a paper "A Consideration of New Offensive Means" and followed this with "Notes on Design of Trench Forming Machines" for the Royal Engineers. His ideas filtered through the wartime bureaucracy and eventually reached the Cultivator project team.
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The Molesworth section appear to have moved twice since about 3000 years ago, in events with slip values of about 6-7 m. Trenching at Saxton River at the eastern end of the Molesworth section suggests 8 ruptures since about 6,300 years ago, with an estimated mean recurrence of about 800 years. Evidence from the eastern section of the fault suggests that there were 9-10 earthquakes in the period from 8610 BP to AD 1848. This gives a mean recurrence interval of 820-950 years.
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In 2010, NJIT proposed to expand the Owens Valley Solar Array to add 8 additional and upgrade the older antennas. This would bring the array to have the total of 15 antennas with 13 smaller antennas in a three-arm spiral configuration that span across the radius (see layout on the right). This would required all existing smaller antennas to be relocated and thirteen new antenna pads to installed. A new control building would be erected and cable trenching would be done along the access roads.
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With linear site preparation, orientation is sometimes dictated by topography or other considerations, but the orientation can often be chosen. It can make a difference. A disk-trenching experiment in the Sub-boreal Spruce Zone in interior British Columbia investigated the effect on growth of young outplants (lodgepole pine) in 13 microsite planting positions: berm, hinge, and trench in each of north, south, east, and west aspects, as well as in untreated locations between the furrows.Burton, P.; Bedford L.; Goldstein, M.; Osberg, M. 2000.
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The quantity of remains has been found to be quite minimal in the test trenching. For these reasons, it would be acceptable to allow the excavation for the apartment block to remove the known archaeological remains according to Heritage Office procedures. The site for the proposed new dwelling house on site 2 is less sensitive, being adjacent to the site of a later building, Ward 3. This asylum building was demolished and its site cleared of top soil prior to the investigations for the CMP.
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The area was restaked later that year by United Mineral Services Limited who would conduct reconnaissance mapping and regional research. In 1987–1988, United Pacific Gold Limited performed trenching, mapping, geophysics, geochemical sampling and of diamond drilling in nine boreholes. Mineral claims were staked once again in 1996 by F. Onucki and J. R. Deighton for the purpose of locating reported high-grade silver mineralization. Franklin Glacier was skied by Canadian mountaineers Don and Phyllis Munday on July 22, 1930 while exploring and mapping glaciers of the Waddington Range.
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Hawley and Newall excavated portions of most of the features at Stonehenge and were the first to establish that it was a multi-phase site. In 1950 the Society of Antiquaries commissioned Richard J. C. Atkinson, Stuart Piggott and John FS Stone to carry out further excavations. They recovered many cremations and developed the phrasing that still dominates much of what is written about Stonehenge. As part of service trenching in 1979 and 1980, Mike Pitts led two smaller investigations close by the Heelstone, finding the evidence for its neighbour.
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The document advised that archaeological remains are a finite and irreplaceable resource and that their presence should be a material consideration in applications for new development. It accepted that development will affect archaeological deposits and that this effect must be mitigated. PPG 16 stressed the importance of the evaluation of a site for its archaeological potential in advance of development in order to inform future management decisions. This evaluation may involve non intrusive methods such as a desk-based study or archaeological geophysics and/or a more direct method such as trial trenching.
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Development can destroy buried archaeology forever and a reliable evaluation methodology is very important. Whilst it is difficult to quantify the number of false negative results there have certainly been examples of evaluations suggesting a relatively limited amount of past activity which has had to be upwardly revised during the excavation. In the UK the results of the trial trenching will be used to inform the decision on the need for any further archaeological work to be undertaken prior to development. This process is enshrined in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF).
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Pipe Fitters, Demand Media. However, pipelayers usually work outside, laying pipe underground or on the seabed, while pipefitters typically work inside, installing piping in buildings or ships. One author summarizes the different tasks this way: :Pipe layers operate the backhoes and trenching machinery that dig the trenches to accommodate the placement of sanitary sewer pipes and stormwater sewer drainpipes. They use surveyor’s equipment to ensure the trenches have the proper slope and install the pieces of pipe in the trenches, joining the ends with cement, glue or welding equipment.
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In 2005, the Malagasy government conducted aerial magnetic and radiometric surveys of the area, which found thorium and uranium deposits increased to the west. In 2007, drilling by the Canadian firm Pan African Mining Corporation found a site with "high-grade uranium mineralisation grading 4,329 ppm uranium", with deposits as deep as 60 metres. London-based Bekitoly Resources Ltd. acquired exploration rights which include eight of the historical open-pit deposits, and have conducted airborne radiometrics and hyperspectral surveys, ground radiometrics and magnetics, mapping, grab sampling, trenching and drilling.
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The fault is known to be highly active and several historical earthquakes are thought to have occurred on this zone, in 1905, 1907, 1909, 1927, 1934, 1968, 1985 and 1993. From trenching across the fault, three major earthquakes have been identified over the last 2,000 years, suggesting a recurrence interval for major earthquakes of about 700 years. That recurrence interval is insufficient to account for the long-term slip-rate, suggesting that either aseismic creep is important in this fault zone or that other strands have been active, away from the main fault trace.
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The Fresno Municipal Sanitary Landfill, opened in Fresno, California in 1937, is considered to have been the first modern, sanitary landfill in the United States, innovating the techniques of trenching, compacting, and the daily covering of waste with soil. It has been designated a National Historic Landmark, underlining the significance of waste disposal in urban society. The first federal legislation addressing solid waste management was the Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965 (SWDA) that created a national office of solid waste. By the mid-1970s, all states had some type of solid waste management regulations.
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By contrast, gravity sewers need a monotonically falling slope of at least 0.5 - 1.0%, which can mean that expensive trenching and pumping stations are needed. Once the wastewater arrives in the vacuum collection tank at the vacuum station, it is pumped to the discharge point, which could be either a gravity sewer or the treatment station. As the dwell time of the wastewater inside the system is very short and the wastewater is continuously mixed with air, the sewage is kept fresh and any fouling inside the system is avoided (less H2S).
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GHEX thermal batteries are implemented in two forms. The picture above depicts what is known as a "horizontal" GHEX where trenching is used to place an amount of pipe in a closed loop in the ground. GHEX's are also formed by drilling boreholes into the ground, either vertically or horizontally, and then the pipes are inserted in the form of a closed-loop with a "u-bend" fitting on the far end of the loop. These drilled GHEX thermal batteries are also sometimes called "borehole thermal energy storage systems".
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In the horse-drawn era, US streets were mostly unpaved and covered with dirt or gravel. Especially where mud or trenching often made streets difficult to pass, pavements were sometimes made of diverse materials including wooden planks, cobble stones or other stone blocks, or bricks. Unpaved roads produced uneven wear and hazards for pedestrians. In the late 19th century with the rise of the popular bicycle, bicycle clubs were important in pushing for more general pavement of streets. Advocacy for pavement increased in the early 20th century with the rise of the automobile.
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MasTec's original line of business was in the communications industry, constructing transmission lines and digging trenches for companies such as Bell South in Florida. Now, MasTec is a major contractor for wireless networks and broadband, as well. They construct and maintain radio towers for mobile phone carriers, and do the trenching required to install fiber optic cable. Under its subsidiary MasTec Advanced Technologies, the company is also one of the largest providers of in-home installation of DirecTV in the United States and installing residential security systems for AT&T; Digital Life.
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Palmer and Been, 2011Barrette 2011 In both cases, planning of the pipeline involves geotechnical considerations. Pipelines resting on the seabed require geotechnical data along the proposed pipeline route to evaluate potential stability issues, such as passive failure of the soil below it (the pipeline drops) due to insufficient bearing capacity, or sliding failure (the pipeline shift sideways), due to low sliding resistance.Zhang and Erbrich, 2005Catie et al., 2005 The process of trenching, when required, needs to take into account soil properties and how they would affect ploughing duration.
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2006, it is the European leader of mechanized laying in the field of power networks, telecommunications and water and gas supply burying. 2008, the policy of the company is to develop new machines in the field of micro trenching with the Side Cut for the FTTx market. 2009, creation of a joint venture Marais-Lucas Technologies in Sydney (Australia). 2009, acquisition of the Marais company by Qualium Inverstissement (Caisse des dépôts et consignations) and Ouest Croissance (Groupe Banque Populaire), and Etienne Dugas succeeds to Daniel Rivard as the presidency of the Marais Group.
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In 1982, a number of geochemical soil surveys were carried out, as well as insufficient hand trenching and scree and rock sampling. In 1983, very low frequency electromagnetic surveys completed of surveying in the area. Exploration diamond drilling in 1984 resulted in the creation of eight widely spaced drill holes while an undocumented diamond drill program created two holes in 1987. Explorations did not resume until 1996 when the United States Diamond Corporation carried out heavy mineral silt sampling and a test induced polarization survey; two diamond drill holes were also created.
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Chaco Wash, which deepens and widens during summer rain showers, also threatens the canyon's ruins. The once prominent refuse mound has been all but destroyed by repeated trenching and by diverting arroyos near Chetro Ketl. Treasure hunting, livestock grazing, and early National Park Service stabilization efforts also contributed to the degradation of the structure, as have deep excavations that left Chaco Wash prone to flooding. Archeology was responsible for the catastrophic effects of a 1947 flood that destroyed the walls of twenty rooms and collapsed of the north wall.
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In August 1888, local business identity Frederic Buss, donated towards the planting of trees, as well as fencing and trenching of the ground to ensure that the project was undertaken. Trees were planted in Bourbong, Barolin, Maryborough and Woongarra Streets through this project. In the early 1920s additional trees were planted in Bourbong Street of the same variety as the original trees. Frederic William Buss, (1845-1926) migrated to Queensland in 1863 from Kent in England, establishing Buss and Turner department store in 1888 on Bourbon Street, Bundaberg.
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This 600 x 300m (14 ha intra muros) site lies in a meander of the Rahul the western open end of which is sealed off by a 10m high wall some 50m in width. The western fortification, including a ruined tower, is the most prominent feature of the site. It is one of the largest early historic sites known in Odisha. In 2002 trenching carried out by the Sambalpur University yielded the ware typical of the area: Black and Red Ware, Plain Red Ware, Red Slip Ware, Black Ware, Black Slip Ware, Burnished Black Ware.
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The chert was discovered by William Mackie while mapping the western margin of the Rhynie basin in 1910–1913. Trenches were cut into the chert at the end of this period, and Robert Kidston and William Henry Lang worked furiously to describe the plant fossils between 1917 and 1921. The arthropods were examined soon afterwards by different workers. Interest in the chert then waned until the field was reinvigorated by Alexander Geoffrey Lyon in the late 1950s, and new material was collected by further trenching from 1963 to 1971.
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Since 1980, the chert has been examined by the University of Münster, and from 1987 by Aberdeen University, whose researchers confirmed that the chert was indeed produced in a hot spring setting. Cores, allowing an insight into the evolution of the chert over time, were drilled in 1988 and 1997, accompanied by further trenching efforts, which unearthed the Windyfield chert. Until recently, the Rhynie chert was the only such deposit known from the geological record, although recent work has turned up other localities from different time periods and continents.
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As civil engineers, OSP engineers are responsible for drafting plans, either by hand or using Computer-aided design (CAD) software, for how telecom plant facilities will be placed. Often when working with municipalities trenching or boring permits are required and drawings must be made for these. Often these drawings include about 70% or so of the detailed information required to pave a road or add a turn lane to an existing street. Structural calculations are required when boring under heavy traffic areas such as highways or when attaching to other structures such as bridges.
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Charles Machine Works is itself a subsidiary of Toro Company, the latter acquiring them in 2019.Toro company press release Innovation of Ditch Witch machines started in the 1940s when a compact trenching machine was created to replace the pick and shovel for installation of underground residential utility services. The Ditch Witch organization specializes in the design and manufacture of underground construction equipment. The company is a source for trenchers, vibratory plows, horizontal directional drilling systems, drill pipe, downhole tools, vacuum excavation systems, fluid management systems, and mini skid steers.
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The surveys showed that the figure had likely been originally cut by trenching, in the same manner as other chalk hill figures, but had been abandoned after only a few scourings. There was also some evidence to suggest that the feature on one staff similar to a scythe blade, flail or shepherd's crook was genuine, along with a suggestion of a "helmet" or hat. It seems likely that the proportions of the figure have been distorted slightly by the 1873 bricking and the 1969 replacement of the bricks with breeze blocks, with the Long Man having been up to tall prior to 1873.
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In addition site investigation will often include subsurface sampling and laboratory testing of the soil samples retrieved. The digging of test pits and trenching (particularly for locating faults and slide planes) may also be used to learn about soil conditions at depth. Large diameter borings are rarely used due to safety concerns and expense but are sometimes used to allow a geologist or engineer to be lowered into the borehole for direct visual and manual examination of the soil and rock stratigraphy. A variety of soil samplers exists to meet the needs of different engineering projects.
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In 1855, the agreement was modified to specify that 150 boys would be employed on the farm each workday during the season. In the first couple of years of the management of the farm the boys were primarily used for permanent improvements to the farm, that were desperately needed. By 1857 200 boys a day was employed on the farm and they were instructed in the details of practical farming.left The daily work of the boys would include removing stones, building stone walls, trenching the gardens and hauling coal from the train station in the village of Westborough.
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The work plan had engineers pouring of concrete, moving of desert rock, which took more effort to move compared with the sand that makes up most of the deserts in the region, and erecting 50,000 pounds of steel. The work also included building 32 Scud bunkers, placing five towers, building of blast wall, constructing a mile of road and digging a mile of trenching. Heat was the common theme throughout the deployment. Doors had to remain closed or temperatures could rise high enough inside to trigger fire-suppression sprinklers; pools had to be chilled before entering.
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Ogilvie came from a family of agricultural improvers. A gentleman farmer and landlord, he managed in-hand a good portion of his inherited lands of Pittensear until 1772, when, apparently for family reasons, he sold the property to the Earl of Fife (reserving a lease on the mansion house and manor farm, which he retained "to the last parting pang"). In 1773 Ogilvie purchased the property of Oldfold and Stonegavel, on Deeside, about outside Aberdeen. In 1808, after thirty-five years of agricultural improvement, having borrowed £2000 from the Duke of Gordon for draining, trenching, blasting and legal fees, he sold it again.
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With linear site preparation, orientation is sometimes dictated by topography or other considerations, but where the orientation can be chosen, it can make a significant difference. A disk-trenching experiment in the Sub-boreal Spruce Zone in interior British Columbia investigated the effect on growth of young outplants (lodgepole pine) in 13 microsite planting positions: berm, hinge, and trench; in north, south, east, and west aspects, as well as in untreated locations between the furrows.Burton, P.; Bedford, L.; Goldstein, M.; Osberg, M. 2000. Effect of disk trench orientation and planting spot position on the ten-year performance of lodgepole pine.
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In the late 2000s, local and regional government, as part of the revitalising of the regional rail commuter network, decided to build a new "feature station" at New Lynn, which included sinking the tracks and station into a trench.Major Makeover In Store For New Lynn Rail Station (from the ARTA newsletter, February 2009. Accessed 2009-03-27.) Road was grade-separated from rail to enable vehicle traffic to pass over the line. Before the trenching works, the level crossings in the town centre were often blocked by passing trains, leading to substantial road congestion, which would have only increased with more train services.
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Directional boring, also referred to as horizontal directional drilling (HDD), is a minimal impact trenchless method of installing underground utilities such as pipe, conduit, or cables in a relatively shallow arc or radius along a prescribed underground path using a surface-launched drilling rig. Directional Boring/HDD offers significant environmental advantages over traditional cut and cover pipeline/utility installations. The technique is routinely used when conventional trenching or excavating is not practical or when minimal surface disturbance is required.PR-277-144507-Z01 Installation of Pipelines by Horizontal Directional Drilling Engineering Design Guide (Arlington, VA: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc.
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An Inclosure Award was made by Parliament in 1855 of part to the Earl of Onslow outright, the rest, for example, in 1911 comprising "several thousand acres of common land" was uninclosed but associated with his land, at which time Chobham remained a large parish (i.e. village or town) in southern England, covering . In addition to the Great Camp of 1853, the Common also hosted the Battle of Chobham Common in September 1871, as part of the Autumn Manoeuvres of that year. During the First World War, trenching exercises were held in August 1915 in advance of Kitchener's Third Army's mobilisation in France.
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To keep a low building scale with respect to the rural surroundings, the campus was designed by Marmon Mok, LLP with a "village concept" and now consists of 15 separate main buildings connected by covered walkways, and 7 buildings for the FFA program. Metal roofs, limestone colored split face CMU, and steel siding were used to follow the German Hill Country vernacular style. The campus features a 990 seat auditorium and a 1800 seat competition gymnasium. The electrical feeders and chilled/hot water piping to the buildings are located above the soffits of canopies connecting each building, avoiding costly trenching.
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Barra Head (Scottish Gaelic: Beàrnaraigh; named after Barra Head in Scotland) is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Richmond County on Cape Breton Island. Barra Head surrounds a small inlet called Salmon River, which was the old name for Barra Head being salmon river had to be changed because it was far too common and the post office had trouble locating people. Salmon River Was historically used as a location for the construction of wooden sailing ship. It still has a deeper bottom, from ship builders trenching the bottom to increase access for ship building.
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Trenching was done by waterjet from the Multipurpose Supply Vessel (MPSV) Edda Fjord and dredger Argo I. COMETA became operational in early 2012, initially at reduced capacity then fully from August 2012. The total cost of the project was €375 million. During the first operational quarter, the Spanish grid operator estimated that the connection would mean 25 million €/year in savings, due to more efficient supply to the islands and less carbon rights. It is planned to extend the connection to Ibiza and Formentera with a second underwater cable, (115 km) long and 800 m deep, operating at 132 kV AC.
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Late Quaternary slip rates have been reported along the majority of the length of the Altyn Tagh fault and include measurements from geodetic techniques (e.g., GPS surveys and InSAR), traditional paleoseismic trenching, and on the basis of offset and dated landforms (morphochronology). The majority of these studies have focused on the central portion of the Altyn Tagh fault (85° to 90° E) because the highest slip rates are expected along this portion of the fault. Slip rates determined from elastic dislocation modeling of measurements from campaign- style GPS surveys at 90° E are 9 ± 5 mm/yr, 9 ± 4 mm/yr, and 11 ± 3 mm/yr.
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Many alarm panels are equipped with a backup communication path for use when the primary PSTN circuit is not functioning. The redundant dialer may be connected to a second communication path, or a specialized encoded cellular phone, radio, or internet interface device to bypass the PSTN entirely, to thwart intentional tampering with the phone line(s). Just the fact that someone tampered with the line could trigger a supervisory alarm via the radio network, giving early warning of an imminent problem (e.g. arson). In some cases a remote building may not have PSTN phone service, and the cost of trenching and running a direct line may be prohibitive.
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Valley train surfaces to the east of Sikeston Ridge may have resulted from deposition by the Ohio River. Sikeston Ridge was also thought to have tectonic origins because of its orientation in the New Madrid Seismic Zone. Trenching, drilling, and satellite imaging along the western scarp of Sikeston ridge showed slight subsurface deformation of less than 0.25 m, which is negligible compared to the 3 to 5 m height of the ridge at the spots where data was collected. Sikeston Ridge has been determined to have been erosional in origin and has been associated with colluvial deposition and channel incision during the latest Wisconsin glacial period, during the Pleistocene.
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Solar street lights raised light sources which are powered by photovoltaic panels generally mounted on the lighting structure. The solar array of such off-grid PV system charges a rechargeable battery, which powers a fluorescent or LED lamp during the night. Solar street lights are stand-alone power systems, and have the advantage of savings on trenching, landscaping, and maintenance costs, as well as on the electric bills, despite their higher initial cost compared to conventional street lighting. They are designed with sufficiently large batteries to ensure operation for at least a week and even in the worst situation, they are expected to dim only slightly.
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CableFree V-band High Gain Radio for Wireless Broadband applications Internet service providers are looking for ways to expand gigabit high-speed services to their customers. These can be achieved through fiber to the premises broadband network architecture, or a more affordable alternative using fixed wireless in the last mile in combination with the fiber networks in the middle mile in order to reduce the costs of trenching fiber optic cables to the users. In the United States and several other countries, V band is unlicensed. This makes V band an appealing choice to be used as fixed wireless access for gigabit services to connect to homes and businesses.
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Trenching with hand tools and scant protective gear in rail construction, early 20th century. In many contexts, the use of unfree labour is prohibited under the law and is mainly associated with the black economy. In other contexts, established industries have embraced the use of unfree labour as a socially accepted practice in that time and place. Use of compelled labour is especially common when the labour involved can not be performed without risk of death, disfigurement, disability, or diminished life expectancy; in the extreme, these detriments render the voluntary labour market uneconomic, and the industry in question is forced to either adopt compelled labour or discontinue operations altogether.
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Ward No. 133 is bordered on the north by Ramnagar Lane and Ramnagar Lane (East); on the east by Azaher Mohllah Bagan, Haribabu's Pally Bye Lane and Trenching Ground Road; on the south by Ramdashati mauza; and on the west by Fatehpur Second Lane and Mudialy First Lane. The ward is served by Garden Reach and Metibruz police stations of Kolkata Police.Kolkata: Detail Maps of 141 Wards with Street Directory, Fourth Impression 2003, Map No. 103, D.P. Publication and Sales Concern, 66 College Street, Kolkata-700 073. Watgunge Women police station, located at 16, Watgunge Street, Kolkata-700023, covers all police districts under the jurisdiction of the Port Division, i.e.
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Williams, born in Trinidad and Tobago, has lived in Brooklyn, NY since 1971. She and her husband, Adonijah "Carl" Williams, have two children and reside in Park Slope, Brooklyn. A graduate of St. Francis College with a BS in Accounting, in 1979 Williams and her husband founded A. Williams Trucking & Backhoe Trenching Company (also known as A. Williams Construction), which has grown into a multimillion-dollar business with 25 employees. A. Williams Construction received the U.S. Small Business Administration's Contractor of the Year Award in 1995, Crain's Small Business Award in 1999 for Contractor of the Year, and Contractor Firm of the Year in 2001 by the U.S. Department of Commerce.
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In 1979, freak lighting conditions and fine snow brought the outline of the horse's neck and head into view for the first time since 1954. The head and neck have been seen regularly since, including in 1998, 2000 and 2005, the latter two times were since the creation of the Millennium White Horse. Whenever any part of it has reappeared it seems to suggest the horse was small, and roughly half the size of the Millennium White Horse. The reason for its regular reappearances is due to its method of construction, trenching, which is by far the most common method of hill figure construction.
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A marker that accounts for a substantial global impact of humans on the total environment, comparable in scale to those associated with significant perturbations of the geological past, is needed in place of minor changes in atmosphere composition. A useful candidate for this purpose is the pedosphere, which can retain information of its climatic and geochemical history with features lasting for centuries or millennia. Human activity is now firmly established as the sixth factor of soil formation. It affects pedogenesis directly by, for example, land levelling, trenching and embankment building, organic matter enrichment from additions of manure or other waste, organic matter impoverishment due to continued cultivation and compaction from overgrazing.
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However, pipelayers usually work outside, laying pipe underground or on the seabed, while pipefitters typically work inside, installing piping in buildings, aeroplanes or ships. One author summarizes the different tasks this way: :Pipe layers operate the backhoes and trenching machinery that dig the trenches to accommodate the placement of sanitary sewer pipes and stormwater sewer drainpipes. They use surveyor’s equipment to ensure the trenches have the proper slope and install the pieces of pipe in the trenches, joining the ends with cement, glue or welding equipment. Using an always-open or always-closed valve called a tap, pipe layers connect them to a wider system and bury the pipes.
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The farm was sold again after the Civil War to Phillip and Katherine Tabb who switched from slave farming to raising thoroughbreds with a half mile oval track situated along Columbia pike. In 1874, Katherine Tabb's father Francis Morris of New York purchased Oakland, testing corn silage and trenching techniques that gave Oakland an agricultural engineering status from the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. Five trench 117 ft long silos were put to use onsite. In 1877, Morris began a significant grounds improvement program removing Hawthorn hedges and replacing them with wood fencing throughout the property manufactured at the Oakland Mills sawmill.
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Global Marine Group is a British-headquartered specialist provider of installation, maintenance and repairs of submarine communications cable for the telecommunications, oil & gas and deep sea research industries. Global Marine provides engineering and underwater services in response to the subsea cable installation, maintenance and burial requirements of their customers around the world. With a fleet of vessels, ROVs and specialised subsea trenching and burial equipment, Global Marine works in the Oil & Gas, Telecom and Deep Sea Research sectors. Global Marine, the legacy of Cable & Wireless Marine and British Telecom Marine, was purchased by Global Crossing in 1999, at which time it received the name it carries today.
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John was probably nurtured at Great Tangley by his grandmother: his father remarried in 1644 to a widow Jane Smither, sister and co-heir of John Downe of Cobham, Surrey (d. 1661),Downe, who married Elizabeth Sutton, was active in the Cobham confrontations with Gerrard Winstanley, cf. J. Gurney, Brave Community: The Digger Movement in the English Revolution (Manchester University Press, 2013), passim. from whom the estate of Downe Place, Downside,Downe Place became incorporated into Cobham Park at a later date, but was not on the same site, see D. Graham, A. Graham & D. Taylor, 'Trial trenching on a probable moated site at Downside, Cobham', Surrey Archaeological Collections XCII (2005), pp. 217-29.
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Begley obtained approvals to carry out excavations at the site in collaboration with the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Madras; she and K.V. Raman were the directors of operation from 1989 to 1992. Steven Sidebothom of the University of Delaware, who had back ground knowledge of Roman Egypt, was in charge of the trenching at the site. Further excavations were done during six working seasons from 1989 to 1992, which led to a contradictory view that the brick structures and the wells investigated by Wheeler were of poor quality as they were founded on poor sandy foundations. The wood work was also noted to be of poor quality and the houses had no waterproofing.
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The ASI proceeded with its excavations and submitted its findings to the court in September 2003. Its report revealed the presence of a circular shrine, dateable to 7–10th century and a "massive structure", 50 metres by 30 metres, built in three structural phases during the 11–12th century. Bhan who had visited the digs in June 2003 criticised the ASI for conducting extensive horizontal diggings which destroyed all the Mughal period remains at the site when limited vertical trenching was all that was required. Questioning the methodologies employed to date the underground structure, he accused the ASI report of being an attempt to push back the antiquity of Ayodhya and thereby the Ramayana to .
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In June 2016, the IUB voted 2 to 1 (Libby Jacobs and Nick Wagner in favor and Chairwoman Geri Huser against) to allow construction on non-sovereign lands to continue. The Sierra Club said this action was illegal before the US Corps of Engineers authorized the project. In late June 2016, construction was allowed to resume in Lyon County after plans were changed to route the pipeline below the site using directional boring, instead of trenching and disturbing the soil on the surface. In December 2016, the approval was disputed in the Polk County District Court. On July 27, 2016, the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe sued the USACE in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.
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The quality of the items also lent support to the conjecture: while tin cups and utensils would have been used by common soldiers, the wine bottles and painted porcelain found at the site were consistent with the upper stratum of society to which the expedition's scientists belonged. Peale's drawing appeared to show two buildings, one behind the other, near the mouth of a wide ravine. In the foreground, not far from the front building, the Western Engineer and several keelboats were moored in what appeared to be an oxbow cutoff of the Missouri. Although the oxbow was no longer extant in the early 21st century, trenching east of the two-room building discovered the edge of the harbor.
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In 1996 a 46 m long, 7.3 m deep, .6 m thick PRB was installed at a Coast Guard Facility near Elizabeth City, NC. The goal of this PRB was to remediate a contaminant plume of trichloroethylene (TCE) and hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)). The PRB took only 6 hours to install using a continuous trenching technique, which simultaneously removed the pre-existing sediment while installing the reactive medium (granular iron). The PRB was configured as a continuous wall as opposed to a funnel-and-gate setup because 3D computer simulations suggested that the two would have the same effectiveness, but cost analyses showed that the continuous setup would be cheaper to install.
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There are two main types of trial excavation in professional archaeology both commonly associated with development-led excavation: the test pit or trench and the watching brief. The purpose of trial excavations is to determine the extent and characteristics of archaeological potential in a given area before extensive excavation work is undertaken. This is usually conducted in development-led excavations as part of Project management planning. The main difference between Trial trenching and watching briefs is that trial trenches are actively dug for the purpose of revealing archaeological potential whereas watching briefs are cursory examination of trenches where the primary function of the trench is something other than archaeology, for example a trench cut for a gas pipe in a road.
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Some of the more sensitive areas have been identified and a condition has been made to ensure there is no trenching in these spots. Further the two new buildings to the east of the kitchen are to be supported above the ground on piles, the location of which can be moved as required to miss any sensitive artefacts. While much of the original farm has been subject to subdivision and residential development, the present site of Noraville homestead and its surrounds are considered to have archaeological potential in areas where limited disturbance has occurred. Excavation has the potential to reveal information about the lives of the Hargraves family, their employees, and the operation of the farm in what was once a remote coastal residence.
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The machine had a simple task to perform. Essentially, the requirement was to cut a trench with a section of about square and for this some sort of cutter was required. Correctly estimating the power required to perform this feat was essential to the success of the project, but the nearest comparable machine the designers could take figures from were the giant bucket and chain excavators used in Germany for open cast mining of lignite. The key feature of such machines was that the cutting was a continuous process that required a fairly constant power and from this comparison the trenching machine power requirement was estimated at about 1,000 hp half of which was for cutting and half for driving the machine forward.
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Iron occurrences were observed during initial geological mapping of the area in the mid thirties but the economical potential was not fully recognised until a joint Afghan-Soviet project, between 1963 and 1965, carried out an extensive study which mapped and described the deposit in some detail. The regional geology was mapped at 1:50 000 while the Hajigak deposit was mapped at 1:10 000. Focusing on the western area of the deposit, the study included detailed prospecting, trenching, ore sampling, four deep drillholes, a 200 m long horizontal adit and shafts into the fragmental ore. For two of the main ore bodies, I and II, horizontal plans and vertical crosssections were generated allowing the ore to be resource classified.
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They are designed with sloping sides and bottoms to allow them to be self-trimming and self-unloading via a conveyor belt running the length of the holds along the centerline of the ship at their lowest point. The conveyors transport the rock to the forward part of the ship, into a rock hopper, then into flexible fall pipes that extend out of the ship's bottom through a moon pool. The ends of the fall pipes are fitted with purpose-built, state of the art remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) which ensure that the fall pipes are accurately guided along the cable or pipeline, ensuring highly precise deposition of protective rock ballast. These ROVs can also be used for dredging, trenching, and jetting tools.
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Art in Manila was an American indie rock "supergroup" consisting primarily of musicians based in the Midwestern states of Nebraska and Kansas. After originally forming with the name Art Bell (after the American broadcaster and author), the band later changed its name. Their album Set the Woods On Fire (2007) was recorded by Joel Petersen (The Faint, Broken Spindles) and mixed by Andy LeMaster (Now It's Overhead).Art in Manila:about At the time the album was recorded, the band consisted of Steve Bartolomei (Mal Madrigal), Corey Broman (Dance Me Pregnant), Orenda Fink (Azure Ray), Ryan Fox (The Good Life), Dan McCarthy (McCarthy Trenching), and Adrianne Verhoeven (The Anniversary); former members include Stefanie Drootin (The Good Life) and Chris Senseney (Big Harp).
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The OAN concept is appropriate for both fiber and WiFi access networks, especially where exclusivity cannot be allowed. The shared maintenance costs make it appropriate for rural areas, where traditional Internet service providers (ISP) may be reluctant to provide a service. Open access networks are also viewed as a feasible way of deploying next-generation broadband networks in low population density areas where service providers cannot obtain a sufficient return on investment to cover the high costs associated with trenching, right-of-way encroachment permits, and the requisite network infrastructure. In contrast to traditional municipal networks where the municipality owns the network and there is only one service provider, the open access model allows multiple service providers to compete over the same network at wholesale prices.
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The Oxford English Dictionary states that the origins are uncertain, but that perhaps it is a corruption of the word recruit. The earliest example in the OED is from Rudyard Kipling's Barrack-Room Ballads (published 1892): "So 'ark an' 'eed, you rookies, which is always grumblin' sore", referring to rookies in the sense of raw recruits to the British Army.John Simpson and Edmund Weiner (editors): Oxford English Dictionary, second edition, Clarendon Press, 1989, . At least during the beginning of the 20th century, in the British Army the term "rookie" was typically used in place of "recruit" as exemplified in Trenching at Gallipoli by John Gallishaw (New York Century Co.: 1916) and in The Amateur Army by Patrick MacGill (London, Herbert Jenkins: 1915).
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Internet service providers (ISP's) are looking for ways to expand gigabit per second (Gbit/s) high-speed services to their customers. These can be achieved through fiber to the premises broadband network architecture, or a more affordable alternative using fixed wireless in the last mile in combination with the fiber networks in the middle mile in order to reduce the costs of trenching fiber optic cables to the users. In the United States, 60 GHz V band is unlicensed. This makes the V band an appealing choice to be used as fixed wireless access for Gbit/s services to connect to homes and businesses. Similarly, 70/80 GHz E band is lightly licensed which can be more accessible to more providers to provide such services.
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Coils of PE Pipe make trench-less installation safer and less intrusive on the surrounding environment. HDPE Pipe Systems are available for many applications, providing for standard trenching of water mains, fire ring mains, sewer mains, and gas mains pipelines, as well as horizontal drilling for electrical and telecommunications conduits. According to a company that manufactures HDPE, HDPE systems are cost-effective to install and have long-term maintenance cost savings, and also allow for cheaper installation methods, such as HDD (horizontal directional drilling), sliplining, pipe bursting, floating and submerged pipe. HDPE pipe is very durable and flexible and can be bent on site to a radius twenty-five times the nominal pipe diameter - for SDR11 and SDR17 pipe, at or below 20°C ambient temperature.
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In the rear, reinforcements were at hand, commanded by John I of Portugal himself. In this topographically high position, the Portuguese could observe the enemy's arrival and were protected by a steep slope in their front. The rear of the Portuguese position, which was in fact its front in the final battle, was at the top of a narrow slope, which came up to a small village, and was further defended by a complex series of interlocking trenches and caltrops designed to surprise and trap the enemy cavalry. This trenching tactic was developed around this time and used extensively by both the English in France and the Portuguese in the rare set-piece battles of the Crisis of the Succession.
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The Kern Canyon fault, according to the early study of Webb, is made up of 90 percent of granodiorite (a phaneritic- textured intrusive igneous rock similar to granite ) and although densely covered by soils and brush, Webb discovered traces of sheared breccias and mylonites in specific zones along the fault. While conducting a study of the fault's capability of supporting Isabella Dams, Treaser (1948) recorded in- depth analysis of the fault's basement rocks. His method of understanding the geology of the fault included surface study, drilling and trenching; using this approach, he was able to discern the rocks affected by this fault zone at 800 feet in width (244m). These specimens include quartzite, olivine, gabbro, sheared granitic rocks, metasedimentary rocks, and diorite.
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Noted Civil War photo historian and author Bob Zeller of the Center for Civil War photography personally inspected the negative, which is the source for all known "exploding shell" prints, and is archived at the Valentine Richmond History Center. The negative had been carefully masked to show the Key painting only and not the parlor table it sat on, nor the three chairs behind it. Francis Miller's experts, in compiling The Photographic History of The Civil War, had obviously overlooked the fact that no camera of the time was capable of taking the wide angle depicted Despite trenching difficulties, by mid-August Gillmore had his siege guns within range of Fort Sumter. On August 17, he opened fire and during the first day of the bombardment nearly 1,000 shells were fired.
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"What was desired, therefore, was a building so arranged that the élite of Parisian society might find every provision for their comfort without in any way trenching upon that of the ordinary public of the theatres of the Boulevard." Three large balconies were flanked either side by Corinthian pavilions with two levels of stage boxes crowned with highly ornamented circular pediments. The lower box on the left (C in the plan) was especially luxurious and was originally intended for the use of the Duke of Montpensier. It was connected by a short passageway to an adjoining circular salon (also C). The first tier was fronted with a balustrade and included dress-circle seating (B) in front of rows of boxes, each with its own small private sitting room behind it.
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The maximum suggested rupture length is 140 km, assuming that both sections of the fault ruptured completely. The possibility of rupture extending into the Santa Cruz Mountains has been investigated by paleoseismic techniques, particularly trenching across the fault at a series of localities, Grizzly Flat, Hazel Dell, Mill Canyon and Arano Flat. Initial results from Grizzly Flat found no evidence for the 1838 event, but the dating of the horizons have been re-evaluated and rupture associated with the 1838 earthquake is now thought to be consistent with observations at all four sites, suggesting a minimum rupture length on this section of the fault as 14 km. The displacement during the 1838 earthquake has been estimated at three of the Santa Cruz Mountain paleoseismic sites and at Filoli, covering 83 km of the rupture length.
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Located wholly within the province of Prince Edward Island, construction of the PEIR started in 1871, eventually financed by Canada. The line was initially built to gauge, under the supervision of Chief Engineer John Edward Boyd a native of Saint John, New Brunswick who first advocated the use of narrow gauge for the New Brunswick Railway in the 1860s, and was responsible for the first surveys of the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway and the Toronto and Nipissing Railway in Ontario. The PEIR was frequently criticized for its meandering path, reputedly caused by construction contractors who were paid by the mile; this may also be accounted for in economies taken by reducing the amount of grading and trenching required by going around hills and obstacles. At one point there was on average one railway station for every of track.
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Team Love is an independent record label based in New Paltz, New York, founded by Conor Oberst and Nate Krenkel in 2003. It has released albums by musicians including Tilly and the Wall, Jenny Lewis, David Dondero, Craig Wedren, Capgun Coup, Gruff Rhys, A Weather, Mars Black, Shudder To Think, The Shortbus film soundtrack, McCarthy Trenching, El Madmo, Bright Eyes, Refried Ice Cream, Joker's Daughter (band), The Felice Brothers, Sea of Bees, InDreama, Simone Felice, Conor Oberst, Nik Freitas, Taylor Hollingsworth, Rig 1, Jason Boesel, Simon Joyner and Willy Mason. Team Love also released the documentary film by Roy Germano, The Other Side of Immigration. A distinguishing marketing tactic of Team Love has been complete albums for download in unprotected mp3 format at no cost on their website in addition to traditional record and CD sales.
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The site of Antioch lies close to the complex triple junction between the northern end of the Dead Sea Transform, the mainly transform boundary between the African Plate and the Arabian Plate, the southwestern end of the East Anatolian Fault, the mainly transform boundary between the Anatolian Plate and the Arabian Plate, and the northeastern end of the Cyprus Arc, the boundary between the Anatolian and African Plates. The city lies on the Antakya Basin, part of the Amik Basin, filled by Pliocene-to-recent alluvial sediments. The area has been affected by many large earthquakes during the last 2,000 years. The results of trenching over the northern part of the Dead Sea Transform indicate that three major earthquakes have occurred along the Missyaf segment of the fault since about 100 AD, the earliest of which may correlate with the 115 earthquake.
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Per Abraham Örnsköld Per Abraham Örnsköld (18 November 1720 – 16 April 1791) was a Swedish nobleman, with the title of count, whose notability in his country's history stems from his dedication to the able management of Sweden's regional subdivisions which he administered in his capacity as governor. In 1762, the year of his forty-second birthday, he was appointed county governor of the vast Västernorrland County, which at that time consisted of the Medelpad, Ångermanland and Jämtland provinces. Örnsköld realized the possibilities of the area and often travelled through it, by foot or using a carriage. He put to good advantage his knowledge about agriculture and city planning to found new settlements, thus relieving the old, overcrowded ones and, with the main goal of improving agriculture, provided aid for the farmers in trenching dikes, a procedure which they had previously found difficult to utilize.
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The goals are to conserve a representative river in the Manicouagan Reservoir Basin and Sainte-Marguerite River Plateau natural region, to protect the Atlantic salmon population, to protect biodiversity in the aquatic and riverbank ecosystems, to develop key elements in the landscape, to preserve the landscape visible from the bottom of the Moisie river valley and to acquire new knowledge on salmon ecology and on the natural heritage of the Moisie river. Under the Natural Heritage Conservation Act, prohibited activities would include mining, and gas or petroleum development; exploration of underground resources that involves stripping, trenching, excavation or deforestation; forestry; industrial generation of hydroelectricity or other types of power; new vacation resorts; and earthwork, back-filling or construction work. Also, no activity would be allowed that would be likely to damage the bed, banks or shore of any water body or stream in the reserve.
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It seems probable the summer house was erected at this time, as a belvedere with sightlines to both Hume homes, Rockwood and Beulah. John was doing other work around the property: trenching, fencing - putting up a four-railed fence to keep things away from the house planting the garden. The house was "beginning to look something like new" by that time but the work was still not finished at the beginning of August when the radishes and cress had emerged. John took up residence in late August and began furnishing the place, sending Emma a list of shopping for Sydney: a kitchen table, kerosene oil, crockery, kitchen lamp etc' Emma and Ellen joined him at Beulah before the end of the year and in December 1884 an alteration was made to the terms of Emma's marriage settlement whereby the trustees of the settlement were instructed to sell certain property in Yass and to invest the proceeds in the purchase of Beulah, "consisting of or thereabouts".
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Brotchie’s steading, is a ruined croft house just to the West of Dunnet Church.Dunnet, Kirkstyle, Brotchie's Steading. Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland It originally became the focus of archaeological interest because structural members (cruck blades) in one of the rooms were known to have been formed from a pair of whale mandibles, probably from a fin or blue whale. These are presently housed in the Dunnet Bay Visitor Centre. An excavation by Headland Archaeology was undertaken to examine the role of whale bones as a construction material in Caithness croft houses but it quickly became apparent that the 19th/20th century croft house sits on a much older and extensive archaeological site. Brotchie's steading facing NE showing the depth of stratigraphy Trial trenching has shown that the bank upon which Brotchie’s steading sits is largely man-made and part of an extensive settlement mound that possibly includes a ruined broch.
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The original Pizza Hut building, which was moved to the campus of Wichita State University Wichita was also a significant entrepreneurial business center during the pre- and post-war period, with the Garvey Organization, Koch Industries, Coleman, Mentholatum, White Castle, Pizza Hut, Taco Tico, Freddy's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers, and having all been founded in Wichita. (Ironically, White Castle closed all of their restaurants in Wichita in 1938 and has not operated in the state of Kansas after a failed revival attempt in the Kansas City area in the early 1990s.) The entrepreneurial spirit of Wichita led to the creation of one of the first academic centers to study and support entrepreneurship at the Wichita State University Center for Entrepreneurship. Davis Manufacturing invented and mass-produced a popular trenching machine in the 1960s—the Ditch Witch—and was later acquired by J. I. Case, who gradually turned the factory towards producing the company's skid-steer loaders—which it does today for Case's parent company, Case New Holland(CNH), under both "Case" and "New Holland" names. Another large Wichita industrial facility, Chance Manufacturing became a national leader in amusement park rides, including ferris wheels, and remains active today.
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