1000 Sentences With "transitive" | Random Sentence Generator

It's the transitive property of outdoor fitness — or something.

Transitive Refraction Axis for John Oswald - Tim Hecker 211.

The word transitive simply means if A is related to B in a certain way, and B to C — then A is related to C. For example, cousins is a transitive property.

The transitive property is the best metric of them all.

"There should be a transitive verb: to underdevelop," Berger writes.

Toward transitive data privacy and securing the data you don't share

Therefore, by the transitive property, she should be the next Bachelorette. Right?

You and I while we can, through the transitive nightfall of diamonds.

The first of these new tracks was called "Transitive Axis," hence Hecker's title.

By the transitive property, only women under a size 6 may enter as well.

Transitive talent is one of the main advantages São Paulo has in that respect.

"I don't have any idea what the 'transitive nightfall of diamonds' means," he wrote.

As private citizens, and corporations, we now have to think about transitive data privacy loss.

By the transitive property of college football equality, Clemson should take this one 45-8.

The left has simply used the transitive property to deliver this insult to Trump supporters.

Transitive inference is the ability to surmise a relation between objects without a direct comparison.

Today's word of the day is 'roasted' - transitive verb - to subject to severe criticism or ridicule.

So, by the transitive property, we can conclude that happy sports things lead to happy people boning.

Whatever deep-sleeper appeal you believed Spiller had gets assigned, by the fantasy transitive property, to Cadet.

You just demonstrated what's called "transitive inference" — the ability to compare things indirectly, based on previous juxtapositions.

If you put them all together, then the result should also be good, according to the transitive property.

It's sort of like the transitive property of equality — if A=B and B=C then A=C.

"Transitive Refraction Axis for John Oswald" isn't a rendition of a song, but a utilization of a songwriting process.

While we have discussed a couple of clear negative examples, there are many ways transitive data relationships help us.

That's your best friend and mine, and through the transitive property, we were gifted each other, in a way.

The dominance and popularity of Google means people use the company's name as a transitive verb to define information searches.

The ability to use transitive inference could help these wasps draw abstract conclusions about rival foundresses—basically, sizing up the competition.

Will Noah Maloney actually BECOME Jason Segel in some sort of transitive-rule-based, Freaky Friday, you-are-what-you-eat way?

Genres, as we perceive them, are associated with historical periods, and genre assignment is a transitive action that occurs in real time.

They excitedly smooch, and then enjoy some American Broadcasting Comedy-sanctioned intercourse (which is, via the transitive property, also Disney-sanctioned intercourse).

In the summer of 2017, researchers at the University of Michigan put two species of paper wasps through a transitive inference test.

And then, by the transitive property, you might start watching The Defenders, even if you have a professed dislike of comic book-related shows.

Trilobites The insects frequently found in your backyard appear to be the first invertebrate known to be capable of the skill of transitive inference.

In recent decades, however, scientists have shown that vertebrate animals such as birds, monkeys and fish also have this ability, known as transitive inference (TI).

Every time you ask a friend to connect you to someone on LinkedIn for a job or fundraise, you are leveraging the transitive relationship graph.

Though honeybees can understand advanced concepts like addition, subtraction, and even the number zero, they have so far appeared incapable of performing transitive inference skills.

I can see the resemblance between Church's aunt and Kendrick, too, which makes me wonder: By the transitive property, does Anna Kendrick look like Cole Sprouse??

And the newbies' range of choices are, by the transitive property of socioeconomic power, often greater than those on offer for hospitality, domestic, and farm workers.

" (To underline the connection, a character turns up wearing a "Fight Club" T-shirt.) By the transitive property of TV, "Dietland" has some similarities to "Mr.

Wasps are the first insects known to demonstrate "transitive inference," a sophisticated form of logical reasoning, according to a study published on Tuesday in Biology Letters.

That made sense, by a kind of transitive property of ingenuity: during his lifetime, Edison patented a record-setting one thousand and ninety-three different inventions.

And so the folks at NFL Reddit were able to construct their annual testament to false hope and the foolish belief that the transitive property applies to sports.

And when they can't find it anywhere else, they'll find it where we've conveniently spread it for them: The road, and by the transitive property of salt, our cars.

This form of transitive trust is becoming increasingly perilous due to an uptick in supply-chain attacks, as several end-of-2018 analyses on the evolving threat landscape described.

Mr. Trump has had to sell only the idea of his success, which, according to the modern law of transitive properties, will make everyone who embraces him successful, too.

Anthony Alofsin's "Wright and New York" traces the transitive relationship of the architect and the city, as well as the genesis of the bohemian culture of the East Village.

Swinton points to a transitive quality of identity in Guadagnino's work, as the physical world acquires human affects and as characters swap roles, literally or figuratively assuming each other's names.

If Migos are better than the Beatles, which was the first and only legitimate alternative fact, by the transitive property, there can be no best Migii, nor best Migos song.

It's the transitive property: People believe in the magic of the film and people believe in the magic of the place and it turns Lake Lure alive with some sort of magic.

It was a pointed, timely reminder that Seacrest co-created and has produced Keeping Up With the Kardashians for more than a decade — and, by the transitive property of equality, produced E!

And if an image does come out blurry, just remind yourself that Warhol shot Polaroids (although of a different type), so by some weird transitive property you must have just made something cool.

If you are gothically inclined and live in the Western Hemisphere, it's entirely likely that, by the transitive property, either you or one of your parents has had sex with Michael Gira or JG Thirlwell.

And if you believe ... that Facebook is the internet, then by the transitive property, this one person is arguably the gateway to the primary source for news, commerce and communication for pretty much the entire world.

They're concepts the artist gravitates to for their transitive properties, crossing cultural and political divides and offering an accessible touchstone for American audiences who are largely disconnected from the realities of life in the Middle East.

Around 1974, like others who had gone into exile to escape the dictatorship, my wife and I began to hear a transitive version of the verb: "lo desaparecieron" or "la desaparecieron," they disappeared him or her.

Congrats to University of Arts and Sciences of Oklahoma on its transitive Final Four bid: Syracuse lost to St. John's, who lost to Incarnate Word, who lost to Our Lady of the Lake, who lost to Univ.

If you, as a developer, know with certainty that your data isn't altered during execution, and that your functions are transitive (effectively unchanging), your application can benefit from the increased scale and distributed computing made easier by a functional language.

Rather, his "Transitive Refraction for John Oswald" was conceived as an homage to the name-checked Toronto sound artist and his ground-breaking 270 release, Grayfolded, which obliterated and reconfigured several hundred live recordings of the Dead's "Dark Star" into infinitely rippling symphonies.

A transitive property says that if one element in a sequence relates in a certain way to a second element, and the second element relates in the same way to a third, then the first and third elements relate in the same way as well.

But the fact that they also preferred B to D suggests that the wasps figured out that the broader hierarchy of the colors was ordered A, B, C, D, E. This is the first evidence of transitive inference in invertebrates, to the authors' knowledge.

The more transitive reason, Mama Celeste believes, stems from Ivanka's lack of aesthetics that have boosted other Trump-associated women but not her: "Ivanka's only memorable 'look' was being wrapped in that $5,000 foil dress, which not even the tackiest drag queen would wear."

Following Douglas Crimp's essay The End of Painting and Ad Reinhardt's Black Paintings series (1953-67), supposedly the last paintings that anyone can paint, Graw makes frenemies with this demise by placing it within the post-medium condition of Rosalind Krauss and the expanded, "transitive" understandings of painting proposed by David Joselit.

After some brief internet detective work we found that, aside from a former American actress turned royal family member and soon-to-be princess, Markle is perhaps most importantly a down-to-earth foodie — just like us (and yes, through the transitive property that basically makes us royalty, too.) Markle's Instagram account is not only filled with restaurant snaps, but it also features tasty dishes that she's made herself.

While all of the women who have claimed the Bantamweight belt in Rousey's absence have been worthy champions who have earned their title through hard word, dedication, and impressive displays of technique and strategy, the turnover rate at the top of that division—and the dizzying transitive property equations that it inspires—is making even the most invested followers of the sport wonder if too many upsets is just as bad as none.

The Pingelapese language has four major types of sentences. These four are transitive sentences, intransitive sentences, existential sentences, and equational sentences. Transitive sentences The first type of sentence, transitive, use transitive verbs. Transitive verbs have two main characteristics.

The Gray graph is edge-transitive and regular, but not vertex- transitive. Edge-transitive graphs include any complete bipartite graph K_{m,n}, and any symmetric graph, such as the vertices and edges of the cube. Symmetric graphs are also vertex-transitive (if they are connected), but in general edge-transitive graphs need not be vertex-transitive. The Gray graph is an example of a graph which is edge-transitive but not vertex-transitive.

Every connected symmetric graph must be vertex-transitive and edge-transitive, and the converse is true for graphs of odd degree, so that half-transitive graphs of odd degree do not exist. However, there do exist half-transitive graphs of even degree.Bouwer, Z. "Vertex and Edge Transitive, But Not 1-Transitive Graphs." Canad. Math. Bull.

This relation need not be transitive. The transitive extension of this relation can be defined by if you can travel between towns and by using at most two roads. If a relation is transitive then its transitive extension is itself, that is, if is a transitive relation then . The transitive extension of would be denoted by , and continuing in this way, in general, the transitive extension of would be .

The Birkhoff polytope Bn is both vertex-transitive and facet-transitive (i.e. the dual polytope is vertex-transitive). It is not regular for n>2.

No general formula that counts the number of transitive relations on a finite set is known.Steven R. Finch, "Transitive relations, topologies and partial orders", 2003. However, there is a formula for finding the number of relations that are simultaneously reflexive, symmetric, and transitive – in other words, equivalence relations – , those that are symmetric and transitive, those that are symmetric, transitive, and antisymmetric, and those that are total, transitive, and antisymmetric. PfeifferGötz Pfeiffer, "Counting Transitive Relations", Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol.

O'Meara, John, 1992 Similarly, some Transitive Animate verbs inflect for a secondary object, forming ditransitive verbs, termed Double Object Transitive: nkəmó·tə̆ma·n 'I stole it from him.' Certain verbs, termed Objectless Transitive Inanimate, which have the morphological characteristics of verbs of the Transitive Inanimate class, occur without a grammatical object.Goddard, Ives, 1979, p. 41 Some Objectless Transitive Inanimate verbs also have corresponding Transitive Inanimate verbs.

In mathematical set theory, a transitive model is a model of set theory that is standard and transitive. Standard means that the membership relation is the usual one, and transitive means that the model is a transitive set or class.

Permutability is not a transitive relation in general. The groups in which permutability is transitive are called PT-groups, by analogy with T-groups in which normality is transitive.

They are exactly the vertex-transitive graphs whose symmetry group includes a transitive cyclic group..

Two participants must be involved to have a transitive sentence. There is also a fixed word order: subject-transitive verb-object. For example, Susan (subject) filled (transitive verb) the cup (object). If the verb is active in a transitive sentence, the subject's semantic role is the agent.

The transitive closure of , denoted by or is the set union of , , , ... . The transitive closure of a relation is a transitive relation. The relation "is the birth parent of" on a set of people is not a transitive relation. However, in biology the need often arises to consider birth parenthood over an arbitrary number of generations: the relation "is a birth ancestor of" is a transitive relation and it is the transitive closure of the relation "is the birth parent of".

Such a graph is sometimes also called 1-arc-transitive or flag-transitive. By definition (ignoring u1 and u2), a symmetric graph without isolated vertices must also be vertex-transitive. Since the definition above maps one edge to another, a symmetric graph must also be edge-transitive. However, an edge-transitive graph need not be symmetric, since a—b might map to c—d, but not to d—c.

All such graphs are bipartite, and hence can be colored with only two colors. An edge-transitive graph that is also regular, but not vertex-transitive, is called semi-symmetric. The Gray graph again provides an example. Every edge- transitive graph that is not vertex-transitive must be bipartite and either semi-symmetric or biregular.. The vertex connectivity of an edge-transitive graph always equals its minimum degree.

In geometry, isotoxal polyhedra and tilings are defined by the property that they have symmetries taking any edge to any other edge.Peter R. Cromwell, Polyhedra, Cambridge University Press 1997, , p. 371 Polyhedra with this property can also be called "edge-transitive", but they should be distinguished from edge-transitive graphs, where the symmetries are combinatorial rather than geometric. Regular polyhedra are isohedral (face- transitive), isogonal (vertex-transitive), and isotoxal (edge-transitive).

As a Cayley graph, its automorphism group acts transitively on its vertices, making it vertex transitive. In fact, it is arc transitive, hence edge transitive and distance transitive. It is also connected-homogeneous, meaning that every isomorphism between two connected induced subgraphs can be extended to an automorphism of the whole graph.

To be able to have this scope, the subject needs to occupy a high position in the syntactic derivation. Syntactic structure of transitive sentence in Tagalog Subject lowering in syntactic structure of transitive sentence in Tagalog. Prosodic structure of transitive sentence in Tagalog. Subject lowering in prosodic structure of transitive sentence in Tagalog.

Every regular bipartite graph is also biregular. Every edge-transitive graph (disallowing graphs with isolated vertices) that is not also vertex-transitive must be biregular.. In particular every edge-transitive graph is either regular or biregular.

The smallest connected half-transitive graph is Holt's graph, with degree 4 and 27 vertices.. Confusingly, some authors use the term "symmetric graph" to mean a graph which is vertex-transitive and edge-transitive, rather than an arc-transitive graph. Such a definition would include half-transitive graphs, which are excluded under the definition above. A distance-transitive graph is one where instead of considering pairs of adjacent vertices (i.e. vertices a distance of 1 apart), the definition covers two pairs of vertices, each the same distance apart.

In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Holt graph or Doyle graph is the smallest half-transitive graph, that is, the smallest example of a vertex- transitive and edge-transitive graph which is not also symmetric.Doyle, P. "A 27-Vertex Graph That Is Vertex-Transitive and Edge-Transitive But Not L-Transitive." October 1998. . Such graphs are not common.Jonathan L. Gross, Jay Yellen, Handbook of Graph Theory, CRC Press, 2004, , p. 491. It is named after Peter G. Doyle and Derek F. Holt, who discovered the same graph independently in 1976.

The sentence must contain a direct object meaning there must be a recipient of said verb. Two entities must be involved when using a transitive sentence. There is also a fixed word order associated with transitive sentences: subject-transitive verb-object. For example: Linda (Subject) e aesae(transitive verb) Adino (object) This sentence translates to, Linda knows Adino.

In mathematics, intransitivity (sometimes called nontransitivity) is a property of binary relations that are not transitive relations. This may include any relation that is not transitive, or the stronger property of antitransitivity, which describes a relation that is never transitive.

The functional motivation for the implementation of differential subject and object marking is to avoid ambiguity as to what is subject and object in transitive clauses. The most natural hierarchy of animacy and definiteness places transitive subjects higher than transitive object.

In the transitive reduction of H, there is an edge from the path start for u to the path end for v, if and only if edge uv does not belong to the transitive closure of G. Therefore, if the transitive reduction of H can be computed efficiently, the transitive closure of G can be read off directly from it.

Every 2-transitive group is a primitive group, but not conversely. Every Zassenhaus group is 2-transitive, but not conversely. The solvable 2-transitive groups were classified by Bertram Huppert and are described in the list of transitive finite linear groups. The insoluble groups were classified by using the classification of finite simple groups and are all almost simple groups.

Schematic representation of nominative-accusative alignment. Subject of intransitive verb (S) and subject of transitive verb (A) are treated similarly while object of transitive verb (O or P) is treated differently.Schematic representation of ergative-absolutive alignment. Subject of intransitive verb (S) and object of transitive verb (O or P) are treated similarly while subject of transitive verb (A) is treated differently.

In the mathematical field of graph theory, a half-transitive graph is a graph that is both vertex-transitive and edge-transitive, but not symmetric. In other words, a graph is half-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively upon both its vertices and its edges, but not on ordered pairs of linked vertices. The Holt graph is the smallest half-transitive graph. The lack of reflectional symmetry in this drawing highlights the fact that edges are not equivalent to their inverse.

In the mathematical field of graph theory, a vertex-transitive graph is a graph G in which, given any two vertices v1 and v2 of G, there is some automorphism :f\colon G \to G\ such that :f(v_1) = v_2.\ In other words, a graph is vertex-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively upon its vertices.. A graph is vertex-transitive if and only if its graph complement is, since the group actions are identical. Every symmetric graph without isolated vertices is vertex-transitive, and every vertex-transitive graph is regular. However, not all vertex-transitive graphs are symmetric (for example, the edges of the truncated tetrahedron), and not all regular graphs are vertex-transitive (for example, the Frucht graph and Tietze's graph).

Huichol major sentence types include transitive, intransitive, complemented transitive, and complemented. Complemented sentences contain object-like constituents, termed complements. True objects do not stand in cross reference with any affix in the verbal. Complements include quotative phrases and direct objects of double transitive sentences.

These approaches account for intransitive, transitive and common base approaches. The intransitive base approaches, also known as causativization, state that the transitive variant is derived from the intransitive variant (the causative is derived from the anticausative) by adding one argument, that is an agent. The transitive base approaches, also known as decausativization, propose that the intransitive form is derived from the transitive by deleting one argument that is the agent. Common base approaches suggest that both the transitive and the intransitive forms are formulated from a common base.

Important examples of multiply transitive groups are the 2-transitive groups and the Zassenhaus groups. The Zassenhaus groups notably include the projective general linear group of a projective line over a finite field, PGL(2,Fq), which is sharply 3-transitive (see cross ratio) on q+1 elements.

Complete lists of distance-transitive graphs are known for some degrees larger than three, but the classification of distance-transitive graphs with arbitrarily large vertex degree remains open.

Subjects and inanimate objects are _not_ indexed on the verb. Teiwa has intransitive and transitive verbs. The transitive verbs are monotransitive, meaning they have a single grammatical object.

The edges of the truncated tetrahedron form a vertex- transitive graph (also a Cayley graph) which is not symmetric. Finite vertex- transitive graphs include the symmetric graphs (such as the Petersen graph, the Heawood graph and the vertices and edges of the Platonic solids). The finite Cayley graphs (such as cube-connected cycles) are also vertex- transitive, as are the vertices and edges of the Archimedean solids (though only two of these are symmetric). Potočnik, Spiga and Verret have constructed a census of all connected cubic vertex-transitive graphs on at most 1280 vertices.. Although every Cayley graph is vertex-transitive, there exist other vertex-transitive graphs that are not Cayley graphs.

Transitive phrases, i.e. phrases containing transitive verbs, were first recognized by the stoics and from the Peripatetic school, but they probably referred to the whole phrase containing the transitive verb, not just to the verb. The advancements of the stoics were later developed by the philologists of the Alexandrian school.

A transitive tournament on 8 vertices. A tournament in which ((a \rightarrow b) and (b \rightarrow c)) \Rightarrow (a \rightarrow c) is called transitive. In other words, in a transitive tournament, the vertices may be (strictly) totally ordered by the edge relation, and the edge relation is the same as reachability.

Both the volitional and non-volitional classes contain transitive as well as intransitive verbs. The forms of transitive and intransitive verbs remain the same if the two verbs share the same root. The difference between transitive and intransitive is only evident in the way each verb is used: if the verb takes an object then it is transitive, if it does not then it is intransitive. This distinction determines which case the nouns will take.

Instead, when a broader or narrower relation is used in a triple, the corresponding transitive super-property also holds; and transitive relations can be inferred (and queried) using these super- properties.

In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Livingstone graph is a distance-transitive graph with 266 vertices and 1463 edges. It is the largest distance-transitive graph with degree 11.

The condensation of any tournament is itself a transitive tournament. Thus, even for tournaments that are not transitive, the strongly connected components of the tournament may be totally ordered., Corollary 5b.

In all of these transitive closure algorithms, it is possible to distinguish pairs of vertices that are reachable by at least one path of length two or more from pairs that can only be connected by a length-one path. The transitive reduction consists of the edges that form length-one paths that are the only paths connecting their endpoints. Therefore, the transitive reduction can be constructed in the same asymptotic time bounds as the transitive closure., p. 38.

Escher's solid can tessellate space in the stellated rhombic dodecahedral honeycomb. Six solids meet at each vertex. This honeycomb is cell-transitive, edge-transitive and vertex-transitive. Tesselation of space with Escher's solids The Yoshimoto Cube, a dissection puzzle between a cube and two copies of Escher's solid, is closely related to this tessellation.

The inverse voice (VOS) can only be used with transitive verbs, and all transitive verbs can be inflected for the inverse voice. Intransitive verbs need to become transitive verbs through derivation before they can be in the inverse voice. Otherwise, the word order in Pendau (and the word order for all intransitive sentences) is SVO.

Mathieu was interested in finding multiply transitive permutation groups, which will now be defined. For a natural number k, a permutation group G acting on n points is k-transitive if, given two sets of points a1, ... ak and b1, ... bk with the property that all the ai are distinct and all the bi are distinct, there is a group element g in G which maps ai to bi for each i between 1 and k. Such a group is called sharply k-transitive if the element g is unique (i.e. the action on k-tuples is regular, rather than just transitive). M24 is 5-transitive, and M12 is sharply 5-transitive, with the other Mathieu groups (simple or not) being the subgroups corresponding to stabilizers of m points, and accordingly of lower transitivity (M23 is 4-transitive, etc.). The only 4-transitive groups are the symmetric groups Sk for k at least 4, the alternating groups Ak for k at least 6, and the Mathieu groups M24, M23, M12 and M11.

If M is a transitive model, then ωM is the standard ω. This implies that the natural numbers, integers, and rational numbers of the model are also the same as their standard counterparts. Each real number in a transitive model is a standard real number, although not all standard reals need be included in a particular transitive model.

Other verb classes are derived from these primary classes: Transitivized Animate Intransitive, Double Object Transitive, and Objectless Transitive Inanimate, exemplified below. Particles are words that do not select for inflectional prefixes or suffixes.

If incomplete, determine whether they are transitive or copulative verbs.

Personal pronouns have two cases: nominative for intransitive and transitive subjects, and accusative for transitive objects. Nouns have an ergative case for transitive subject function and an absolutive case for intransitive subject and transitive object function. There are a total of at least 10 noun cases, and the case-marking suffix is dependent on the final consonant in the root word. The absolutive case is the only case suffix that is not final consonant-dependent, and has a zero as a suffix.

Marston Conder has compiled a Complete list of all connected edge-transitive graphs on up to 47 vertices and a Complete list of all connected edge-transitive bipartite graphs on up to 63 vertices.

Following this division into transitive and intransitive there is a further division in these classes based on stativity. This divides them into active and stative verbs. Active verbs are found to have multiple different inflections, for example, perfective and imperfective, different from stative verbs, which have only one. The four categories are: transitive active, transitive stative, intransitive active, and intransitive stative.

All verbs in Saliba can be classified as either transitive or intransitive verbs on formal grounds. To convert from transitive to intransitive verbs the suffix ' or a suffix that looks like ' is used, C being any consonant depending on the verb. The suffix ' can also be used to turn some nouns into transitive verbs. For example, ', knife, becomes ', cut with a knife.

The left multiplication action of any group on itself is simply transitive, in particular, the Cayley graph is vertex transitive. This leads to the following characterization of Cayley graphs: :Sabidussi's Theorem. A graph \Gamma is a Cayley graph of a group G if and only if it admits a simply transitive action of G by graph automorphisms (i.e. preserving the set of edges).

A hypergraph is said to be vertex-transitive (or vertex-symmetric) if all of its vertices are symmetric. Similarly, a hypergraph is edge-transitive if all edges are symmetric. If a hypergraph is both edge- and vertex-symmetric, then the hypergraph is simply transitive. Because of hypergraph duality, the study of edge-transitivity is identical to the study of vertex-transitivity.

Suffixes creating a transitive verb: e.g. -, which turns a static or intransitive verb or a noun into a transitive verb: cf. ' "water- tight" and ' "to make water-tight"; and ' "tallow" and ' "to put tallow on". 7\.

In mathematics, a transitive reduction of a directed graph D is another directed graph with the same vertices and as few edges as possible, such that if there is a (directed) path from vertex v to vertex w in D, then there is also such a path in the reduction. Transitive reductions were introduced by , who provided tight bounds on the computational complexity of constructing them. More technically, the reduction is a directed graph that has the same reachability relation as D. Equivalently, D and its transitive reduction should have the same transitive closure as each other, and its transitive reduction should have as few edges as possible among all graphs with this property. The transitive reduction of a finite directed acyclic graph (a directed graph without directed cycles) is unique and is a subgraph of the given graph.

To prove that transitive reduction is as easy as transitive closure, Aho et al. rely on the already-known equivalence with Boolean matrix multiplication. They let A be the adjacency matrix of the given directed acyclic graph, and B be the adjacency matrix of its transitive closure (computed using any standard transitive closure algorithm). Then an edge uv belongs to the transitive reduction if and only if there is a nonzero entry in row u and column v of matrix A, and there is a zero entry in the same position of the matrix product AB. In this construction, the nonzero elements of the matrix AB represent pairs of vertices connected by paths of length two or more.

In mathematics, a homogeneous relation over a set is transitive if for all elements , , in , whenever relates to and to , then also relates to . Each partial order as well as each equivalence relation needs to be transitive.

From a syntactic point of view, Araki contrasts intransitive with transitive verbs.

See pages 45-51, which cover third normal form and transitive dependence.

As well as being strongly regular it is a distance- transitive graph.

Transitive classes are often used for construction of interpretations of set theory in itself, usually called inner models. The reason is that properties defined by bounded formulas are absolute for transitive classes. A transitive set (or class) that is a model of a formal system of set theory is called a transitive model of the system (provided that the element relation of the model is the restriction of the true element relation to the universe of the model). Transitivity is an important factor in determining the absoluteness of formulas.

Tolo verbs are divided into transitive and intransitive classes. Transitive verbs are followed by an object and change their endings depending on the object. Intransitive verbs are not followed by any objects and do not change their endings.

For a list of the particles that occur with particle phrasal verbs, see Jurafsky and Martin (2000:319). These verbs can be transitive or intransitive. If they are transitive, they are separable. ::a. They brought that up twice.

Thus, verbs generally fall into one of four categories: animate subject, no object or animate intransitive (AI), animate object or transitive animate (TA), inanimate with no object or inanimate intransitive (II) and inanimate object or transitive inanimate (TI).

The vertex-connectivity of a symmetric graph is always equal to the degree d. In contrast, for vertex-transitive graphs in general, the vertex-connectivity is bounded below by 2(d + 1)/3. A t-transitive graph of degree 3 or more has girth at least 2(t – 1). However, there are no finite t-transitive graphs of degree 3 or more for t ≥ 8\.

The Petersen graph is strongly regular (with signature srg(10,3,0,1)). It is also symmetric, meaning that it is edge transitive and vertex transitive. More strongly, it is 3-arc-transitive: every directed three-edge path in the Petersen graph can be transformed into every other such path by a symmetry of the graph.. It is one of only 13 cubic distance-regular graphs.According to the Foster census.

It is the smallest vertex-transitive graph that is not a Cayley graph.As stated, this assumes that Cayley graphs need not be connected. Some sources require Cayley graphs to be connected, making the two- vertex empty graph the smallest vertex-transitive non-Cayley graph; under the definition given by these sources, the Petersen graph is the smallest connected vertex-transitive graph that is not Cayley.

IANA registry for BGP Extended Communities Types, IANA,2008 The Extended Communities Attribute itself is a transitive optional BGP attribute. However, a bit in the type field within the attribute decides whether the encoded extended community is of a transitive or non-transitive nature. The IANA registry therefore provides different number ranges for the attribute types. Due to the extended attribute range, its usage can be manifold.

An Encyclopedia of Language. Routledge. From Payne, 1980. See transitive case for examples.

In mathematics, especially in areas of abstract algebra and finite geometry, the list of transitive finite linear groups is an important classification of certain highly symmetric actions of finite groups on vector spaces. The solvable finite 2-transitive groups were classified by Bertram Huppert. The classification of finite simple groups made possible the complete classification of finite doubly transitive permutation groups. This is a result by Christoph Hering.

There are four verb categories in Blackfoot: intransitive inanimate, intransitive animate, transitive inanimate, and transitive animate. The parameters of transitivity and animacy for verb selection are typically referred to as stem agreement in order to delineate it from person agreement. The animacy for intransitive verbs is determined by the subject of the verb whereas the transitive verbs are defined by the animacy of their primary object.Frantz 2017, p.

A Yukulta free pronoun consists of a root, case suffix, and possibly an inclusivity marker and/or a marker to distinguish between dual and plural (singular and exclusive are unmarked characteristics). Free pronouns have a different case-system than nominals, with intransitive and transitive subjects and transitive objects taking the nominative ending, semi-transitive objects taking the objective ending, as well as benefactive, locative, allative and ablative endings.

In mathematics, André planes are non-Desarguesian planes with transitive automorphism groups found by .

Agreement occurs on pronouns, transitive verbs (with the object), adjectives, prepositions, and some particles.

Most verbs can occur in transitive or intransitive constructions. Abui has no ditransitive verbs.

The Biggs-Smith graph, the largest 3-regular distance-transitive graph. In the mathematical field of graph theory, a distance-transitive graph is a graph such that, given any two vertices v and w at any distance i, and any other two vertices x and y at the same distance, there is an automorphism of the graph that carries v to x and w to y. Distance-transitive graphs were first defined in 1971 by Norman L. Biggs and D. H. Smith. A distance-transitive graph is interesting partly because it has a large automorphism group.

Some kinds of analysis, such as Pugh and Rosser's iteration space slicing, can be most easily stated in terms of the transitive closure of the dependence information. Both the Omega Library and isl provide a transitive closure operation that is exact for many cases that arise in programs with simple dependence patterns. In other cases, the Omega Library produces a subset of the transitive closure, while isl produces a superset. In the case of the Omega Library, the subset itself may be approximate, resulting in an upper bound (tagged) of a lower bound (not tagged) of the transitive closure.

In languages with morphological case, a tritransitive alignment typically marks the agent argument of a transitive verb with an ergative case, the patient argument of a transitive verb with the accusative case, and the argument of an intransitive verb with an intransitive case.

There are three series of pronominal prefixes in Onondaga. There is a transitive series, used with transitive verbs. Intransitive verbs use either the agent series or the patient series. The choice between the latter two is often complex, as we will see.

Dorman Luke construction, showing a rhombus face being dual to a rectangle vertex figure. Regular polygons are self-dual. The dual of an isogonal (vertex- transitive) polygon is an isotoxal (edge-transitive) polygon. For example, the (isogonal) rectangle and (isotoxal) rhombus are duals.

Every distance-transitive graph is distance-regular, but the converse is not necessarily true. In 1969, before publication of the Biggs–Smith definition, a Russian group led by Georgy Adelson-Velsky showed that there exist graphs that are distance-regular but not distance-transitive. The only graph of this type with degree three is the 126-vertex Tutte 12-cage. The smallest distance- regular graph that is not distance-transitive is the Shrikhande graph.

In contrast to transitive verbs, some verbs take zero objects. Verbs that do not require an object are called intransitive verbs. An example in English is the verb to swim. Verbs that can be used in an intransitive or transitive way are called ambitransitive verbs.

And in yet other cases, the nature of the relationship is less obvious; for example, סִפֵּר means to tell / to narrate or to cut hair, while סָפַר means to count, and פִּתֵּחַ means to develop (transitive verb), while פָּתַח means to open (transitive verb).

Verb roots in Totonac are classified according to transitivity. A root may be either intransitive, transitive, or ditransitive. Intransitive verbs take a single nominal argument, which is always marked by subject inflection. Transitive verbs take two arguments, which are marked by subject and object inflection.

The name of the cremaster muscle is derived from the Ancient Greek transitive verb "I hang" ().

Bororo verbal morphology is basically divided along lines of transitivity. Both transitive and intransitive verbs take the same set of bound pronouns to convey subjects and objects (e.g. i-reru-re, a-reru-re "I danced, you danced" / i-re a-reru-dö "I make you dance"), but each has an exclusive set of suffixes. "Intransitive" suffixes naturally apply to intransitive verbs, for which there is only one core argument - for example, the neutral aspect -re in i-reru-re - but also to the agent of a transitive clause, hence i-re a-reru-dö; meanwhile, "transitive" suffixes can only be applied to the main verb of a transitive clause - e.g.

As seen above, a different set of suffixes applies to intransitive verbs and transitive subjects on the one hand, and verbs containing transitive objects on the other. It follows, therefore, that an intransitive clause must contain only a single verb of the former type (e.g. i-reru-re "you dance"), whereas a transitive clause must contain one of each. In the latter case, the "subject" word precedes the "object-verb": for example, a1-re i2-wiye "you1 advised me2".

The postverbal morpheme li and liria are the respective intransitive and transitive suffixes indicating a completed action.

A transitive dependency is a functional dependency which holds by virtue of transitivity among various software components.

In delegated voting, the proxy is transitive and the transfer recursive. Put simply, the vote may be further delegated to the proxy's proxy, and so on. This is also called transitive proxy or delegate cascade. An early proposal of delegate voting was that of Lewis Carroll in 1884.

' 'gone', but passive in transitive verbs, e.g. ' 'written (by someone)'. As well as being used to make the perfect tenses, this perfect participle can be used to make the passive of transitive verbs, by adding different parts of the verb ' 'to become'. Compound verbs, such as ' 'to open' (lit.

In linguistics, a subject pronoun is a personal pronoun that is used as the subject of a verb.Peter Matthews, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics (Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 359. Subject pronouns are usually in the nominative case for languages with a nominative–accusative alignment pattern. On the other hand, a language with an ergative-absolutive pattern usually has separate subject pronouns for transitive and intransitive verbs: an ergative case pronoun for transitive verbs and an absolutive case pronoun for transitive verbs.

By relaxing the transitivity of social preferences, we can find aggregation rules that satisfy Arrow's other conditions. If we impose neutrality (equal treatment of alternatives) on such rules, however, there exists an individual who has a "veto". So the possibility provided by this approach is also very limited. First, suppose that a social preference is quasi-transitive (instead of transitive); this means that the strict preference \succ ("better than") is transitive: if x \succ y and y \succ z, then x \succ z.

Verb stems occur in pairs, distinguished by gender. Intransitive verbs select for an animate subject or an inanimate subject, and are referred to as Animate Intransitive: wá·psəw 's/he is white,' or Inanimate Intransitive: wá·pe·w 'it is white.' Transitive stems select for the gender of their object, and are referred to as either Transitive Animate: ntánha·w 'I lose him,' or Transitive Inanimate: ntaníhto·n 'I lose it.' Intransitive verbs inflect for their subject, agreeing in person, number and gender of the subject.

The transitive planes connect the other planes and generally contain little, if any, solid matter or native life.

These three suffixes apply only to verbs which carries the patient or object of a transitive clause (O).

In set theory, a branch of mathematics, the condensation lemma is a result about sets in the constructible universe. It states that if X is a transitive set and is an elementary submodel of some level of the constructible hierarchy Lα, that is, (X,\in)\prec (L_\alpha,\in), then in fact there is some ordinal \beta\leq\alpha such that X=L_\beta. More can be said: If X is not transitive, then its transitive collapse is equal to some L_\beta, and the hypothesis of elementarity can be weakened to elementarity only for formulas which are \Sigma_1 in the Lévy hierarchy. Also, the assumption that X be transitive automatically holds when \alpha=\omega_1.

A crystal net is binodal if it has two orbits of vertex; crystals with binodal crystal nets include boracite and anatase. It is edge- transitive or isotoxal if it has one orbit of edges; crystals with edge- transitive crystal nets include boracite but not anatase – which has two orbits of edges.

For yet another type of relevant generalisation, Hans Zantema suggested the notion of a k-semi-transitive orientation refining the notion of a semi- transitive orientation . The idea here is restricting ourselves to considering only directed paths of length not exceeding k while allowing violations of semi-transitivity on longer paths.

The best known vertex transitive digraphs (as of October 2008) in the directed Degree diameter problem are tabulated below.

Indefinite null instantiation is the absence of the object of a potentially transitive verb such as eat or drink.

Some interesting finite groups are the automorphism groups of distance-transitive graphs, especially of those whose diameter is 2\.

13, 231-237, 1970. The smallest half-transitive graph is the Holt graph, with degree 4 and 27 vertices..

In all Tuparian languages, the main clauses follow the cross-linguistically rare nominative–absolutive pattern. Person prefixes on the verb are absolutive, i.e., they index the sole argument of an intransitive verb (S) and the patient argument ('direct object') of a transitive verb (P). Person pronouns, which follow the verb (either cliticizing to it or not) are nominative: they may encode the sole argument of an intransitive verb (S) or the agent argument of a transitive verb (A), but not the patient of a transitive verb (P).

03 Oct. 2013. Traditional grammar makes a binary distinction between intransitive verbs that cannot take a direct object (such as fall or sit in English) and transitive verbs that take one direct object (such as throw, injure, kiss in English). In practice, many languages (including English) interpret the category more flexibly, allowing: ditransitive verbs, verbs that have two objects; or even ambitransitive verbs, verbs that can be used as both a transitive verb and an intransitive verb. Further, some verbs may be idiomatically transitive, while, technically, intransitive.

In the languages of the Tuparian branch, main clauses commonly instantiate the nominative–absolutive pattern. Person prefixes on the verb are absolutive, i.e., they index the sole argument of an intransitive verb (S) and the patient argument ('direct object') of a transitive verb (P). Person pronouns, which follow the verb (either cliticizing to it or not) are nominative: they may encode the sole argument of an intransitive verb (S) or the agent argument of a transitive verb (A), but not the patient of a transitive verb (P).

Rushani is unusual in having a transitive case – a so- called double-oblique clause structure – in the past tense. That is, in the past tense,or perhaps perfective aspect the agent and object of a transitive verb are both marked, while the subject of an intransitive verb is not. In the present tense, the object of the transitive verb is marked, the other two roles are not – that is, a typical nominative–accusative alignment.J.R. Payne, 'Language Universals and Language Types', in Collinge, ed. 1990.

Johnson solid J₁₃ net In geometry, the pentagonal bipyramid (or dipyramid) is third of the infinite set of face-transitive bipyramids. Each bipyramid is the dual of a uniform prism. Although it is face-transitive, it is not a Platonic solid because some vertices have four faces meeting and others have five faces.

Reducing valency involves moving an argument from the core to oblique status. The passive voice and antipassive voice are prototypical valency reducing devices. This kind of derivation applies most to transitive clauses. Since there are two arguments in a transitive clause, A and P, there are two possibilities for reducing the valency: :1.

Verbs are traditionally divided into four classes: transitive verbs, intransitive verbs, verbs with no transitive counterparts (medial verbs) and indirect verbs. There are numerous irregular verbs in Georgian, but they all belong to one of these classes. Each class uses different strategies to build the verb complex, irregular verbs employing somewhat different formations.

A highly symmetrical graph, the Petersen graph, which is vertex-transitive, symmetric, distance-transitive, and distance-regular. It has diameter 2. Its automorphism group has 120 elements, and is in fact the symmetric group S_5. Algebraic graph theory is a branch of mathematics in which algebraic methods are applied to problems about graphs.

The quasitransitive relation x≤y. Its symmetric and transitive part is shown in blue and green, respectively. The mathematical notion of quasitransitivity is a weakened version of transitivity that is used in social choice theory and microeconomics. Informally, a relation is quasitransitive if it is symmetric for some values and transitive elsewhere.

Kitaev and A. Pyatkin. Word-representable graphs: a Survey, Journal of Applied and Industrial Mathematics 12(2) (2018) 278−296. #S. Kitaev and A. Pyatkin. On semi-transitive orientability of triangle-free graphs, arXiv:2003.06204v1. #S. Kitaev and A. Saito. On semi-transitive orientability of Kneser graphs and their complements, Discrete Math.

There are only several dozen of transitive verbs which take an accusative patient, all of which are monosyllabic and have distinct finite and nonfinite forms. It has been suggested that all transitive verbs which satisfy both conditions (monosyllabicity and a formal finiteness distinction), and only them, select for accusative patients, while all remaining transitive verbs take absolutive patients in Canela and all other Northern Jê languages. All subordinate clauses as well as recent past clauses (which are historically derived from subordinate clauses and are headed by a nonfinite verb) are ergatively organized: the agents of transitive verbs (A) are encoded by ergative postpositional phrases, whereas the patients of transitive verbs (P) and the sole arguments of all intransitive predicates (S) receive the absolutive case (also called internal case). Evaluative, progressive, continuous, completive, and negated clauses (which are historically derived from former biclausal constructions with an ergatively organized subordinate clause and a split-S matrix clause) in Canela have the cross-linguistically rare nominative-absolutive alignment pattern.

Example of the causative alternation with the English verb 'break': ::(1) English :::(1a) Transitive Use (Causative): John broke the vase. :::(1b) Intransitive Use (Anticausative): The vase broke The general structure of the causative and anticausative variants of the causative alternation in English: ::(2) The Causative Alternation: :::(2a) Causative: agent Verb-transitive theme :::(2b) Anticausative: theme Verb-intransitive The causative alternation is a transitivity alternation. The verb “break” demonstrates causative alternation because it can alternate between transitive (in the causative) and intransitive use (in the anticausative) and the transitive alternate “John broke the vase’' indicates the cause of the intransitive alternate “the vase broke.” In other words, the transitive use denotes that it was John that caused the vase to break. The causative alternative has an external argument (“John”), which bears the theta role agent which is not present in the intransitive alternative. The object of the causative alternative (“the vase”) bears the same thematic role of theme as the subject of the anticausative alternative (also “the vase”).

Intransitive verbs never take either object NPs or transitive suffixes. They are morphologically unvarying (that is, receive no morphological markings).

Bouwer, I. A. "On Edge But Not Vertex Transitive Regular Graphs." J. Combin. Th. Ser. B 12, 32-40, 1972.

Conjugated verbs include at least a transitive or intransitive theme (formed from either an unaffixed root or a root with derivational affixes), one person marker (if transitive) or two (if intransitive), and an aspectual mark (which can be a zero-mark in the case of intransitive verbs with imperfective aspect). Verbs are also the only part of speech to take aspectual markers. In almost every case, these markers differ between transitive and intransitive verbs, a difference further systematized by the ergative-absolutive case system. Among the affixes shared by both transitive and intransitive verbs are -el (derives a verbal noun, similar to an infinitive marker), and the lexical aspect suffixes -(V)lay (iterative aspect marker), and -tilay (expresses plurality of action).

A transitive verb is a verb that accepts one or more objects. This contrasts with intransitive verbs, which do not have objects. Transitivity is traditionally thought a global property of a clause, by which activity is transferred from an agent to a patient. Transitive verbs can be classified by the number of objects they require.

Verbs that take just one argument are classified as intransitive, while verbs with two and three arguments are classified as transitive and ditransitive, respectively.See Tallerman (2011:39-41) for a discussion of subcategorization in terms of intransitive, transitive, and ditransitive verbs. The following sentences are employed to illustrate the concept of subcategorization: ::Luke worked.

The counterpart relation (hereafter C-relation) differs from the notion of identity. Identity is a reflexive, symmetric, and transitive relation. The counterpart relation is only a similarity relation; it needn’t be transitive or symmetric. The C-relation is also known as genidentity (Carnap 1967), I-relation (Lewis 1983), and the unity relation (Perry 1975).

In the mathematical field of graph theory, an edge-transitive graph is a graph G such that, given any two edges e1 and e2 of G, there is an automorphism of G that maps e1 to e2. In other words, a graph is edge-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively upon its edges.

The transitive reduction of a DAG is the graph with the fewest edges that represents the same reachability relation as . It is a subgraph of , formed by discarding the edges for which also contains a longer path connecting the same two vertices. Like the transitive closure, the transitive reduction is uniquely defined for DAGs. In contrast, for a directed graph that is not acyclic, there can be more than one minimal subgraph with the same reachability relation.. A Hasse diagram representing the partial order of set inclusion (⊆) among the subsets of a three-element set.

The homomorphism F is an isomorphism if and only if R is extensional. The well- foundedness assumption of the Mostowski lemma can be alleviated or dropped in non-well-founded set theories. In Boffa's set theory, every set-like extensional relation is isomorphic to set-membership on a (non-unique) transitive class. In set theory with Aczel's anti-foundation axiom, every set- like relation is bisimilar to set-membership on a unique transitive class, hence every bisimulation-minimal set-like relation is isomorphic to a unique transitive class.

In a computer program a direct dependency is functionality exported by a library, or API, or any software component that is referenced directly by the program itself. A transitive dependency is any dependency that is induced by the components that the program references directly. E.g. a call to a function will usually induce a transitive dependency to a library that manages the I/O to write the log message in a file. Dependencies and transitive dependencies can be resolved at different times, depending on how the computer program is assembled and/or executed: e.g.

A regular polyhedron is a polyhedron whose symmetry group acts transitively on its flags. A regular polyhedron is highly symmetrical, being all of edge- transitive, vertex-transitive and face-transitive. In classical contexts, many different equivalent definitions are used; a common one is that the faces are congruent regular polygons which are assembled in the same way around each vertex. A regular polyhedron is identified by its Schläfli symbol of the form {n, m}, where n is the number of sides of each face and m the number of faces meeting at each vertex.

Unlike Traill, Naumann does not find a four-way contrast on monomoraic grammatical forms in Eastern ǃXoõ data. In addition to lexical tone, Traill describes East ǃXoon nouns as falling into two tone classes according to the melody induced on concordial morphemes and transitive verbs: either level (Tone Class I) or falling (Tone Class II). Transitive object nouns from Tone Class I trigger mid/mid-rising tone in transitive verbs, while Tone Class 2 objects correlate with any tone contour. Naumann finds the same results in the eastern ʼNǀohan dialect.

The action of a group G on a set M is said to be transitive if, for every two elements s, t of M, there is some group element g such that g(s) = t. Equivalently, the set M forms a single orbit under the action of G. Of the examples above, the group {e, (1 2), (3 4), (1 2)(3 4)} of permutations of {1, 2, 3, 4} is not transitive (no group element takes 1 to 3) but the group of symmetries of a square is transitive on the vertices.

In his research, Marušič has focused on the actions of permutation groups on graphs. Some of his major contributions have been on the topics of the existence of semiregular automorphisms (see group action for an explanation of this) of vertex-transitive graphs, the existence of Hamiltonian paths and cycles in vertex-transitive graphs, and the structures of semi-symmetric graphs and half-transitive graphs. With co-authors, he proved that the Gray graph on 54 vertices is the smallest cubic semi-symmetric graph. He has well over 100 publications.

As in other Tuparian languages, the main clauses of Wayoró follow the cross-linguistically rare nominative–absolutive pattern. Person prefixes on the verb are absolutive, i.e., they index the sole argument of an intransitive verb (S) and the patient argument ('direct object') of a transitive verb (P). Person pronouns, which follow the verb (either cliticizing to it or not) are nominative: they may encode the sole argument of an intransitive verb (S) or the agent argument of a transitive verb (A), but not the patient of a transitive verb (P).

The `closeMatch` property that indicates concepts that only sometimes can be used interchangeably, and so it is not a transitive property.

The basic word order of Goemai is strictly subject-verb-object in transitive clauses, as shown in the following example sentences.

These presents are called nasal infix presents or simply nasal presents and are typically active transitive verbs, often with durative aspect.

This word completing a transitive verb is sometimes called a factitive object, or second object, but it is a true complement.

In the Pingelapese language, transitive verbs are used in one of four of their most common sentence structures. Transitive verbs according to this language have two main characteristics. These characteristics are action verbs and the sentence must contain a direct object. To elaborate, an action verb is a verb that has a physical action associated to its meaning.

Dixon"A Grammar of Yidiɲ", by R. M. W. Dixon, 1977, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. states that "pronouns inflect in a nominative-accusative paradigm… deictics with human reference have separate cases for transitive subject, transitive object, and intransitive subject… whereas nouns show an absolutive–ergative pattern." Thus three morphosyntactic alignments seem to occur: ergative–absolutive, nominative–accusative, and tripartite.

She may have been able to view the dogs as dogs or animals, but struggled when trying to classify them as both, simultaneously. Similar to this is concept relating to intuitive thought, known as "transitive inference". Transitive inference is using previous knowledge to determine the missing piece, using basic logic. Children in the preoperational stage lack this logic.

The edge-connectivity of a vertex-transitive graph is equal to the degree d, while the vertex-connectivity will be at least 2(d + 1)/3. If the degree is 4 or less, or the graph is also edge-transitive, or the graph is a minimal Cayley graph, then the vertex-connectivity will also be equal to d.

A notable feature of these pronominal prefixes is that all third person pronominal prefixes follow an ergative-absolutive case pattern: the pronominal prefix for the subject of an intransitive verb (marked S) matches the prefix for the object of a transitive verb (marked O), and contrasts with the prefix for the subject of a transitive verb (marked A).

A few varieties of Zapotec have passive morphology, shown by a prefix on the verb. Compare Texmelucan Zapotec root /o/ 'eat' and its passive stem /dug-o/ 'be eaten', with the prefix /dug-/. In many other cases, the transitive-intransitive verb pairs are appropriately described as causative vs. noncausative verb pairs and not as transitive-passive pairs.

For most such languages, the case of the intransitive argument is lexically fixed for each verb, regardless of the actual degree of volition of the subject, but often corresponding to the most typical situation. For example, the argument of swim may always be treated like the transitive subject (agent-like), and the argument of sleep like the transitive direct object (patient-like). In Dakota, arguments of active verbs such as to run are marked like transitive agents, as in accusative languages, and arguments of inactive verbs such as to stand are marked like transitive objects, as in ergative languages. In such language, if the subject of a verb like run or swallow is defined as agentive, it will be always marked so even if the action of swallowing is involuntary.

Binyan pi'el, like binyan pa'al, consists of transitive and intransitive verbs in the active voice, though there is perhaps a greater tendency for piʕel verbs to be transitive. Most roots with a pa'al verb do not have a piʕel verb, and vice versa, but even so, there are many roots that do have both. Sometimes the pi'el verb is a more intense version of the paʕal verb; for example, קִפֵּץ (to spring) is a more intense version of קָפַץ (to jump), and שִׁבֵּר (to smash, to shatter, transitive) is a more intense version of שָׁבַר (to break, transitive). In other cases, a piʕel verb acts as a causative counterpart to the pa'al verb with the same root; for example, לִמֵּד (to teach) is essentially the causative of לָמַד (to learn).

In practice the classical relational algebra described above is extended with various operations such as outer joins, aggregate functions and even transitive closure.

Parker received his Ph.D. for work 'On Quadruply Transitive Groups' at The Ohio State University in 1957; his advisor was Marshall Hall Jr..

So far, there are no reliable data for a morphological double causative of a transitive verb, resulting in a verb with four arguments.

Other verb- initial languages of the Nilotic language family, such as Maasai, also express possession with the use of a transitive verb HAVE.

Wanano is a nominative-accusative case system, this means that the subject of the transitive and intransitive verbs are marked the same way.

If a DAG has a reachability relation described by the partial order , then the transitive reduction of is a subgraph of that has an edge for every pair in the covering relation of . Transitive reductions are useful in visualizing the partial orders they represent, because they have fewer edges than other graphs representing the same orders and therefore lead to simpler graph drawings. A Hasse diagram of a partial order is a drawing of the transitive reduction in which the orientation of each edge is shown by placing the starting vertex of the edge in a lower position than its ending vertex..

However, uniqueness fails for graphs with (directed) cycles, and for infinite graphs not even existence is guaranteed. The closely related concept of a minimum equivalent graph is a subgraph of D that has the same reachability relation and as few edges as possible. The difference is that a transitive reduction does not have to be a subgraph of D. For finite directed acyclic graphs, the minimum equivalent graph is the same as the transitive reduction. However, for graphs that may contain cycles, minimum equivalent graphs are NP-hard to construct, while transitive reductions can be constructed in polynomial time.

As Aho et al. show, when the time complexity of graph algorithms is measured only as a function of the number n of vertices in the graph, and not as a function of the number of edges, transitive closure and transitive reduction of directed acyclic graphs have the same complexity. It had already been shown that transitive closure and multiplication of Boolean matrices of size n × n had the same complexity as each other,Aho et al. credit this result to an unpublished 1971 manuscript of Ian Munro, and to a 1970 Russian-language paper by M. E. Furman.

In Vafsi the present tense is structured the accusative way and the past tense is structured the ergative way. Accusative morphosyntax means that in a language subjects of intransitive and transitive verbs are treated the same way and direct objects are treated another way. Ergative morphosyntax means that in a language subjects of intransitive verbs and direct objects are treated one way and subjects of transitive verbs are treated another way. In the Vafsi past tense subjects of intransitive verbs and direct objects are marked by the direct case whereas subjects of transitive verbs are marked by the oblique case.

In set theory, the critical point of an elementary embedding of a transitive class into another transitive class is the smallest ordinal which is not mapped to itself. p. 323 Suppose that j: N \to M is an elementary embedding where N and M are transitive classes and j is definable in N by a formula of set theory with parameters from N. Then j must take ordinals to ordinals and j must be strictly increasing. Also j(\omega) = \omega. If j(\alpha) = \alpha for all \alpha < \kappa and j(\kappa) > \kappa, then \kappa is said to be the critical point of j.

Let A, B, and C designate three distinct (but not necessarily disjoint) sets of attributes of a relation. Suppose all three of the following conditions hold: # A → B # It is not the case that B → A # B → C Then the functional dependency A → C (which follows from 1 and 3 by the axiom of transitivity) is a transitive dependency. In database normalization, one of the important features of third normal form is that it excludes certain types of transitive dependencies. E.F. Codd, the inventor of the relational model, introduced the concepts of transitive dependence and third normal form in 1971.

Core arguments (A: subject of transitive verbs; O: object of transitive verbs, S: subject of intransitive verbs) are not marked for case, but are obligatorily indexed by a pronominal agreement marker on the verb. With transitive verbs, A is always indexed by a nominative pronoun, and O by an absolutive pronoun. : The indexing of the single argument of intransitive verbs shows split-ergative alignment: S is always indexed by a nominative pronoun in future clauses, and also in imperative, negative and certain other dependent types of non-future clauses. In all other cases, S is indexed by an absolutive pronoun.

For example, the verb tam ("collect") may be affixed to tam-tilay-el ("to collect multiple scattered objects"), and the verb way ("sleep") can be affixed to way-ulay-el ("to sleep without waking"). Transitive verbs marked with -el are interpreted as having passive voice. To create a transitive, active infinitive, the -el suffix is used along with a third-person ergative prefix which must agree with the subject of the verb. Thus, the transitive verb le ("look for") could be affixed as le-el ("to be looked for") and as s-le-el ("to look (for something)/looking for something").

Transitive verbs require the use of direct object suffixes which reference the object of the phrase. These include prepositional verbs, which are used with a direct object suffix and are not used with causitives or reduplication to indicate different aspects. Transitive verbs in Mortlockese can be used alone or as followed by a direct object noun phrase in a clause.

We deduced the final statement by combining the hypothesis of the first statement with the conclusion of the second statement. We also allow that this could be a false statement. This is an example of the transitive property in mathematics. Another example is the transitive property of equality which can be stated in this form: # A = B. # B = C. # Therefore, A = C.

In English, dummy object pronouns tend to serve an ad hoc function, applying with less regularity than they do as subjects. Dummy objects are sometimes used to transform transitive verbs to transitive light verbs form; e.g., do → do it, "to engage in sexual intercourse"; make → make it, "to achieve success"; get → get it, "to comprehend". Prepositional objects are similar; e.g.

A complex aspect of phrasal verbs concerns the distinction between prepositional verbs and particle verbs that are transitive (as discussed and illustrated above). Particle verbs that are transitive allow some variability in word order, depending on the relative weight of the constituents involved. Shifting often occurs when the object is very light, e.g. ::a. Fred chatted up the girl with red hair.

It is not included in the essential meaning whether it is or is not transitive. After discussing the semantics of the definition, they postulate a substantial physical axiom, that they call the "zeroth law of thermodynamics", that thermal equilibrium is a transitive relation. They comment that the equivalence classes of systems so established are called isotherms.Lieb, E.H., Yngvason, J. (1999).

Introduction to the Wampanoag grammar. (Master's thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology). pp. 10-63. Verbs are quite complex, and can be broken into four classes of verbs: animate-intransitive (AI), inanimate-intransitive (II), animate-transitive (AT), and inanimate-transitive (IT). Verbs are also prefixed and suffixed with various inflections, particles, and conjugations, so complex things can easily be described just by a verb.

There are three primary word classes in Munsee Delaware: Noun, Verb, and Particle. There are two subtypes of nouns: Animate and Inanimate. Pronouns in several subtypes can be considered subtypes of the Noun category. Several verbal subclasses are distinguished, with cross-cutting categorization for gender and transitivity defining the four major subclasses: Animate Intransitive, Inanimate Intransitive, Transitive Animate, and Transitive Inanimate.

Introduction to the Wampanoag grammar. (Master's thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology). pp. 10–63. Verbs are quite complex, and can be broken into four classes of verbs: animate- intransitive (AI), inanimate-intransitive (II), animate-transitive (AT), and inanimate-transitive (IT). Verbs are also prefixed and suffixed with various inflections, particles, and conjugations, so complex things can easily be described just by a verb.

Similarly, bRa ∧ cRa implies bRc ∧ cRb when R is left Euclidean. # The property of being Euclidean is different from transitivity. For example, ≤ is transitive, but not right Euclidean,e.g. 0 ≤ 2 and 0 ≤ 1, but not 2 ≤ 1 while xRy defined by 0 ≤ x ≤ y + 1 ≤ 2 is not transitive,e.g. 2R1 and 1R0, but not 2R0 but right Euclidean on natural numbers.

Every complete graph is a comparability graph, the comparability graph of a total order. All acyclic orientations of a complete graph are transitive. Every bipartite graph is also a comparability graph. Orienting the edges of a bipartite graph from one side of the bipartition to the other results in a transitive orientation, corresponding to a partial order of height two.

The 1954 Theorems say, roughly, that every preference relation which is complete, transitive and continuous, can be represented by a continuous ordinal utility function.

In addition, an n-uniform coloring is a property of a uniform figure which has n types vertex figure, that are collectively vertex transitive.

Goddard, Ives, 1979, p. 32 Obviation is only marked on Transitive Animate verbs, and there is no obviative marking on inanimate nouns or verbs.

As mentioned above, these morphemes are suffixed either to the verb of an intransitive clause or to the agent of a transitive clause (A).

34, 155–171, 2005. The Perkel graph is also distance-transitive. It is also the skeleton of an abstract regular polytope, the 57-cell.

Another special property of AMC expressions, which makes them similar to the transitive different-subject converb expressions, is the obligatoriness of the subject genitive.

English uses the nominative-accusative word typology: in English transitive clauses, the subjects of both intransitive sentences ("I run") and transitive sentences ("I love you") are treated in the same way, shown here by the nominative pronoun I. Some languages, called ergative, Gamilaraay among them, distinguish instead between Agents and Patients. In ergative languages, the single participant in an intransitive sentence, such as "I run", is treated the same as the patient in a transitive sentence, giving the equivalent of "me run". Only in transitive sentences would the equivalent of the pronoun "I" be used. In this way the semantic roles can map onto the grammatical relations in different ways, grouping an intransitive subject either with Agents (accusative type) or Patients (ergative type) or even making each of the three roles differently, which is called the tripartite type.

In set theory, L(R) (pronounced L of R) is the smallest transitive inner model of ZF containing all the ordinals and all the reals.

6986, Springer, 191−202. # M. Halldórsson, S. Kitaev and A. Pyatkin. Semi-transitive orientations and word-representable graphs, Discr. Appl. Math. 201 (2016), 164−171.

Examples of the transitive infinitive: ihaho 'to see it/him/her/them' (root -aho), and ihacta 'to look at it/him/her/them' (root -oocta).

Transitive verbs take object arguments, as NPs and/or as object suffixes. Most transitive (or transitivised) verbs, though not all of them, can be morphologically marked as such. This usually implies the presence of a transitivity suffix -i and/or of an object personal suffix. Some verbs can be described as having oblique transitivity, since they are usually followed by an oblique (generally, prepositional) complement.

3D model of a cuboctahedron In geometry, a cuboctahedron is a polyhedron with 8 triangular faces and 6 square faces. A cuboctahedron has 12 identical vertices, with 2 triangles and 2 squares meeting at each, and 24 identical edges, each separating a triangle from a square. As such, it is a quasiregular polyhedron, i.e. an Archimedean solid that is not only vertex-transitive but also edge-transitive.

Tboli, like other Philippine languages, makes a distinction between transitive and intransitive verbs. Intransitive verbs are marked with the affix me- while transitive verbs are marked with ne-. Unlike Philippine languages, applicative affixes are not used in Tboli though prepositions are used instead. Furthermore, aspect marking is not marked on the verb but with preverbal aspect markers such as deng (completed actions) and angat (incomplete action).

Some languages, including English, have ambitransitive verbs like break, burn or awake, which may either be intransitive or transitive ("The vase broke" vs. "I broke the vase.") These are split into two varieties: agentive and patientive ambitransitives. Agentive ambitransitives (also called S=A ambitransitives) include verbs such as walk and knit because the S of the intransitive corresponds to the A of the transitive.

Innu-aimun is a polysynthetic, head-marking language with relatively free word order. Its three basic parts of speech are nouns, verbs, and particles. Nouns are grouped into two genders, animate and inanimate, and may carry affixes indicating plurality, possession, obviation, and location. Verbs are divided into four classes based on their transitivity: animate intransitive (AI), inanimate intransitive (II), transitive inanimate (TI), and transitive animate (TA).

I am her. # Subject + Verb (transitive) + Indirect Object + Direct Object Example: She made me a pie. This clause pattern is a derivative of S+V+O, transforming the object of a preposition into an indirect object of the verb, as the example sentence in transformational grammar is actually "She made a pie for me". # Subject + Verb (transitive) + Object + Object Complement Example: They made him happy.

There is a subtle cardinal ≤ κ if and only if every transitive set S of cardinality κ contains x and y such that x is a proper subset of y and x ≠ Ø and x ≠ {Ø}. An infinite ordinal κ is subtle if and only if for every λ < κ, every transitive set S of cardinality κ includes a chain (under inclusion) of order type λ.

Three can be seen in the Kathlamet verb. The ergative refers to agent of a transitive verb, the absolutive to patient of a transitive or single argument of an intransitive, the dative to indirect object. Reflexive prefixes can serve as reciprocals and as medio-passives. When the reflexive follows can ergative- absolutive pronoun sequence, it indicates that one indirectly affected is the same as the ergative.

Its ergative case is used for agents of transitive verbs and for possessors. The absolutive case is used for patients of transitive verbs and subjects of intransitive verbs.Bjørnum (2003) pp. 71–72 Research into Greenlandic as used by the younger generation has shown that the use of ergative alignment in Kalaallisut may be becoming obsolete, which would convert the language into a nominative–accusative language.

The transitive/decausativation approach, assumes a lexical operation which performs precisely the opposite of the causativization approach discussed above. In this approach, according to the following rule, the intransitive/anticausative form is derived from the transitive/causative form by deleting the cause predicate from the LCS. In example (8) below, the LCS is “Katherine broke the stick” and the cause predicate “Katherine” is deleted.

Another kind of typological consistency between verbal and nominal constructions is seen in the fact that just as verbs may be classified as intransitives, which do not require an object, and transitives, which require one, so some nouns in Nawat need not have a possessor while others must have one. Some nouns change their form depending on whether they have a possessor or not, alternating between absolute and construct states, such as absolute kunet, construct 'child'; this is reminiscent of how verbs may change their forms depending on their transitivity (i.e. whether they take an object or not), e.g. intransitive waki, transitive 'dry', transitive miki 'die', transitive -miktia 'kill', etc.

The Indigenous Brazilian language known as Matsés, is considered to be an ergative-absolutive system. Sentences in this language case mark the subject of an intransitive sentence equal to the object of a transitive sentence. In particular, the subject of a transitive sentence is treated as the ergative, while the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb is weighed as the absolutive (Fleck, 2003 p.828). To identify core arguments based on noun phrases, absolutive argument are identified via noun or noun phrase that are not the final part of a larger phrase and occur without an overt marker (Fleck, 2003 p. 824).

That is to say, the relation 'is not colder than' between general non-equilibrium physical systems is not transitive, whereas, in contrast, the relation 'has no lower a temperature than' between thermodynamic systems in their own states of internal thermodynamic equilibrium is transitive. It follows from this that the relation 'is in thermal equilibrium with' is transitive, which is one way of stating the zeroth law. Just as temperature may be undefined for a sufficiently inhomogeneous system, so also may entropy be undefined for a system not in its own state of internal thermodynamic equilibrium. For example, 'the temperature of the solar system' is not a defined quantity.

Verbal roots can take transitive, intransitive or negative inflections and so all eight mood suffixes have those three forms.Bjørnum (2003) p. 35-50 The inflectional system is even more complex since transitive suffixes encode both agent and patient in a single morpheme, with up to 48 different suffixes covering all possible combinations of agent and patient for each of the eight transitive paradigms. As some moods do not have forms for all persons (imperative has only 2nd person, optative has only 1st and 3rd person, participial mood has no 4th person and contemporative has no 3rd person), the total number of verbal inflectional suffixes is about 318.

Transitive reduction can be defined for an abstract binary relation on a set, by interpreting the pairs of the relation as arcs in a directed graph.

Crystal, David. (2003) A Dictionary of Linguistics & Phonetics (5th edition). New York: Wiley-Blackwell. Lexical verbs are categorized into five categories: copular, intransitive, transitive, ditransitive, and ambitransitive.

The subgroup fixing a projective line structure on the 24 points is PSL(2,23), order 6072, whose action is doubly transitive. This subgroup was observed by Mathieu.

In essence, MaxProp maintains an ordered-queue based on the destination of each message, ordered by the estimated likelihood of a future transitive path to that destination.

Additionally, verbs which are expressed with the reflexive pronoun се can become transitive by using any of the contracted pronoun forms for the direct object: Тој се смее - He is laughing, vs. Тој ме смее - "He is making me laugh"). Some verbs such as sleep or die do not traditionally have the property of being transitive. Macedonian verbs have three grammatical moods (глаголски начин): indicative, imperative and conditional.

As stated above, Swampy Cree relies heavily on verbs to express many things that are expressed in other ways in languages like English. For example, noun incorporation is quite common in Cree. Both transitive and intransitive verbs in Swampy Cree change their endings (and occasionally even their stems) depending on animacy. Intransitive verbs rely on the animacy of their subjects while transitive verbs rely on the animacy of their objects.

97 This mother-in-law language has the same phonology and grammar as the everyday style, but uses an almost totally distinct set of lexemes when in the presence of the tabooed relative. This special lexicon has fewer lexemes than the everyday style and typically employs only transitive verb roots whereas everyday style uses non-cognate transitive and intransitive roots.Dixon, Robert M. W. 1994. Ergativity. Cambridge University Press. p.

All Yukulta verbs are either transitive or intransitive, with each group having a different conjugation pattern. The intransitive groups can be split into purely intransitive verbs and semi-transitive verbs, which take a dative object and an absolutive subject. There are three moods: indicative, imperative and desiderative. There is a further distinction within the imperative mood between imperative and hortatory, and within the desiderative mood between intent and desire.

The Galois group of a polynomial of degree n is S_n or a proper subgroup of that. If a polynomial is separable and irreducible, then the corresponding Galois group is a transitive subgroup. Transitive subgroups of S_n form a directed graph: one group can be a subgroup of several groups. One resolvent can tell if the Galois group of a polynomial is a (not necessarily proper) subgroup of given group.

Yanomami morphosyntactic alignment is ergative–absolutive, which means that the subject of an intransitive verb is marked the same way as the object of a transitive verb, while the subject of transitive verb is marked differently. The ergative case marker is -ny. The verb agrees with both subject and object. Evidentiality on Yanomami dialect is marked on the verb and has four levels: eyewitness, deduced, reported, and assumed.

One main observable ergative-absolutive feature of the Matis language is the marking of the object in the transitive sentences (tʃawa -Ø and txawa -Ø) and the subject of the intransitive sentences (wapa -Ø / awat -Ø) in the same manner. In both formations in which sentences are utilizing transitive verbs, the agent remained constant. The suffixed allomorphs used to distinguish the two are using “-n” (marking ergativity) and “-Ø” (marking absolutivity).

Such formulae are known as SO-Krom.. Similarly, the implicative normal form can be expressed in first order logic with the addition of an operator for transitive closure.

A reduction is a preordering, that is a reflexive and transitive relation, on P(N)×P(N), where P(N) is the power set of the natural numbers.

A quasitransitive relation is another generalization; it is required to be transitive only on its non-symmetric part. Such relations are used in social choice theory or microeconomics.

In mathematics, a Zassenhaus group, named after Hans Zassenhaus, is a certain sort of doubly transitive permutation group very closely related to rank-1 groups of Lie type.

When measured both in terms of the number n of vertices and the number m of edges in a directed acyclic graph, transitive reductions can also be found in time O(nm), a bound that may be faster than the matrix multiplication methods for sparse graphs. To do so, apply a linear time longest path algorithm in the given directed acyclic graph, for each possible choice of starting vertex. From the computed longest paths, keep only those of length one (single edge); in other words, keep those edges (u,v) for which there exists no other path from u to v. This O(nm) time bound matches the complexity of constructing transitive closures by using depth first search or breadth first search to find the vertices reachable from every choice of starting vertex, so again with these assumptions transitive closures and transitive reductions can be found in the same amount of time.

Basque is a language isolate with a polypersonal verbal system comprising two sub-types of verbs, synthetic and analytical. The following three cases are cross-referenced on the verb: the absolutive (the case for the subject of intransitive verbs and the direct objects of transitive verbs), the ergative (the case for the subject of transitive verbs), and the dative (the case for the indirect object of a transitive verb). A dative (along with the absolutive) can also be cross- referenced on an intransitive verb without a direct object in a "dative of interest" type of construction (cf. English "My car broke down on me"), as well as in constructions involving intransitive verbs of perception or feeling.

A subset of transitive verbs mark their objects, either by means of an object suffix, or by suppletion of the verb stem. Most verbs do not have object marking.

The grammar pattern in Kove is SV and AYO, "where S represents an intransitive subject, A a transitive subject, V a verb, and O a direct object" (Sato 2013).

For example, the relation < on the rational numbers is idempotent. The strict ordering relation is transitive, and whenever two rational numbers x and z obey the relation x < z there necessarily exists another rational number z between them (for instance, their average) with x < y and y < z. In contrast, the same ordering relation < on the integers is not idempotent. It is still transitive, but does not obey the second property of an idempotent relation.

Nouns are inflected for gender (masculine, feminine), number (singular, plural) and case (direct, oblique). The oblique case marks the possessor (preceding the head noun), the definite direct object, nouns governed by a preposition, and the subject of transitive verbs in the past tense. Personal pronouns are inflected for number (singular, plural) and case (direct, oblique). A set of enclitic pronouns is used to indicate the agent of transitive verbs in the past tenses.

Transitive verbs inflect for subject and object, agreeing in person, number, and gender of both subject and object. Transitive Animate verbs also agree for obviation. Certain Animate Intransitive verbs inflect for a secondary object making Transitivized Animate Intransitive verbs: náh ntəlá·he·n 'I threw it over there.' Morphologically, the verb stem /əla·he·-/ 'throw something in a certain direction or manner' has the structure of an Animate Intransitive verb, but is inflected for a third-person object.

Transitive motion verbs frequently occur with adjunct expressions coded only by the locative -pʉ and there are certain motion verbs in Wanano which can be syntactically transitive. In other words, they take a second, oblique argument coded by -pʉ-re. (Stenzel, 2004, 234) Examples. 1) ̴ayo ̴o-pʉ-re yʉˈʉ khoˈa-wiˈi-kʉ-ka so/then DEIC:PROX-LOC-OBJ 1SG return-COMPL-NON.3.MASC-PREDICT. That’s how I’ll get back here.

An example of this is the verb break in English. :(1) broke . :(2) broke. In (1), the verb is transitive, and the subject is the agent of the action, i.e.

Furthermore, both intransitive and transitive verbs may be grammatically passivized to show physical/psychological incapacity, usually in negative sentences. Lastly, intransitives often have a passive sense, or convey unintentional action.

KPU can be applied to the model theory of infinitary languages. Models of KPU considered as sets inside a maximal universe that are transitive as such are called admissible sets.

It is the Voronoi tessellation of the carbon atoms in diamond, which lie in the diamond cubic crystal structure. Being composed entirely of triakis truncated tetrahedra, it is cell-transitive.

Gunbarlang is a polysynthetic language with complex verb morphology. It includes polypersonal agreement, incorporation, and a number of derivational affixes. Word order in a (transitive) clause is SVO or SOV.

By the 1970s, the word generally came to be regarded as pejorative when used for people with disabilities. Cripple is also a transitive verb, meaning "cause a disability or inability".

Another mechanism involves generative devices that combine morphemes according to a language's rules. For example, the suffix "-able" is usually only added to transitive verbs, as in "readable" but not "cryable".

Based on the little documentation that exists, a number of typological characteristics are reconstructable: ;1. VO word order in transitive clauses :apasi mamán (Jirajara) :I.cut my.hand :I cut my hand ;2.

Compact hyperbolic groups are called Lannér groups after Folke Lannér who first studied them in 1950.Folke Lannér, On complexes with transitive groups of automorphisms, Comm. Sém., Math. Univ. Lund [Medd.

Remarks: 2G2(32n+1) has a doubly transitive permutation representation on 33(2n+1) + 1 points and acts on a 7-dimensional vector space over the field with 32n+1 elements.

Example of transitive or deep const in D class Foo { Foo next; int num; } immutable Foo foo = new immutable(Foo); foo.next.num = 5; // Won't compile. foo.next is of type immutable(Foo). // foo.next.

Mn for n = 11, 12, 22, 23 and 24 are multiply transitive permutation groups on n points. They are all subgroups of M24, which is a permutation group on 24 points.

In ergative–absolutive languages, the absolutive is the case used to mark both the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb in addition to being used for the citation form of a noun. It contrasts with the marked ergative case, which marks the subject of a transitive verb. For example, in Basque the noun mutil ("boy") takes the bare singular article -a both as the subject of the intransitive clause mutila etorri da ("the boy came") and as the object of the transitive clause Irakasleak mutila ikusi du ("the teacher has seen the boy") in which the subject bears the ergative ending -a-k. In very few cases, a marked absolutive has been reported, including in Nias and Sochiapam Chinantec.

Transitive tournaments play a role in Ramsey theory analogous to that of cliques in undirected graphs. In particular, every tournament on n vertices contains a transitive subtournament on 1+\lfloor\log_2 n\rfloor vertices.. The proof is simple: choose any one vertex v to be part of this subtournament, and form the rest of the subtournament recursively on either the set of incoming neighbors of v or the set of outgoing neighbors of v, whichever is larger. For instance, every tournament on seven vertices contains a three-vertex transitive subtournament; the Paley tournament on seven vertices shows that this is the most that can be guaranteed . However, showed that this bound is not tight for some larger values of n.

Matis is an ergative- absolutive language. Matis in particular uses allomorph suffixes to distinguish the ergativity using “-n”, and “-Ø” when marking the absolutive case. Additional allomorphed suffixes can be applied to mark both cases when specific grammatical rules apply, such as when a word ends in a vowel or specific consonant. In Matis, the following syntatic orders are observed: “AOV”, “OAV” and “AVO” in sentences constructed with transitive verbs, and “SV” and “VS” is in sentences constructed with intransitive verbs. Only one can be considered the dominant order, which is AOV for sentences with transitive verbs and “SV” (at times “VS”) for sentences with intransitive verbs. However, in transitive sentences in the Matis language, the structure “OVA” is not used.

In three dimensions, it is not possible for a geometrically chiral polytope to have finitely many finite faces. For instance, the snub cube is vertex-transitive, but its flags have more than two orbits, and it is neither edge-transitive nor face-transitive, so it is not symmetric enough to meet the formal definition of chirality. The quasiregular polyhedra and their duals, such as the cuboctahedron and the rhombic dodecahedron, provide another interesting type of near-miss: they have two orbits of flags, but are mirror-symmetric, and not every adjacent pair of flags belongs to different orbits. However, despite the nonexistence of finite chiral three-dimensional polyhedra, there exist infinite three-dimensional chiral skew polyhedra of types {4,6}, {6,4}, and {6,6}.

This is different from confluence in that b and c must be reduced from a in one step. In analogy with this, confluence is sometimes referred to as global confluence. The relation , introduced as a notation for reduction sequences, may be viewed as a rewriting system in its own right, whose relation is the reflexive-transitive closure of →. Since a sequence of reduction sequences is again a reduction sequence (or, equivalently, since forming the reflexive-transitive closure is idempotent), = .

Wayana's case system presents "an … unprecedented type of split ergativ[ity]" (Tavares, 2005, pp. 412), where there are two verb types – Set I and t-V-(h)e. The former presents an unclassified mixed system (sometimes analyzed as active-stative, or inverse) while the latter presents ergative case. In both verb sets, the subject of an intransitive sentence (S) is distinguished from subject of a transitive sentence (A) and the object of a transitive sentence (O), as mentioned previously.

To prove that transitive reduction is as hard as transitive closure, Aho et al. construct from a given directed acyclic graph G another graph H, in which each vertex of G is replaced by a path of three vertices, and each edge of G corresponds to an edge in H connecting the corresponding middle vertices of these paths. In addition, in the graph H, Aho et al. add an edge from every path start to every path end.

Babine-Witsuwitʼen uses verbal morphology to express grammatical roles. Subjects of transitive and intransitive constructions are marked in the same way and appear in identical positions within the sentence, while objects of transitive constructions may differ in position and occasionally in morphological form. Subjects are marked in different places within the verbal complex, with 1st and 2nd person subjects appearing more closely to the verb stem and 3rd person subjects and direct objects further to the left.Rice, Keren (2000).

There are four types of verbs in Jemez. These are categorized by two different factors, transitivity and stativity. To be transitive a verb must have both an active and passive form, which means that it can take the transitive prefix or the intransitive prefix, depending on if it is being used in an active sentence or a passive. Verbs that are classified as intransitive do not have passive forms and occur with only an intransitive prefix.

The Hebrew noun ṭum'ah () derives from the verb ṭamé (), in the qal form of the verb "to become impure"; in the niphal to "defile oneself"; and in the transitive Piel to defile something or pronounce something impure.Brown Driver Briggs Hebrew Lexicon article ṭa'ama The verb stem has a corresponding adjective, ṭamé (טָמֵא), "impure". Likewise the Hebrew noun ṭahara () is also derived from a verb, in this case ṭaher () "to be ritually pure". and in the transitive piel "to purify".

In Nez Perce, the subject of a sentence, and the object when there is one, can each be marked for grammatical case, an affix that shows the function of the word (compare to English he vs. him vs. his). Nez Perce employs a three-way case-marking strategy: a transitive subject, a transitive object, and an intransitive subject are each marked differently. Nez Perce is thus an example of the very rare type of tripartite languages (see morphosyntactic alignment).

The Wagner graph is a vertex-transitive graph but is not edge-transitive. Its full automorphism group is isomorphic to the dihedral group D8 of order 16, the group of symmetries of an octagon, including both rotations and reflections. The characteristic polynomial of the Wagner graph is (x-3)(x-1)^2(x+1)(x^2+2x-1)^2. It is the only graph with this characteristic polynomial, making it a graph determined by its spectrum.

There are eight syntactical and a much larger number of locative cases, which distinguish three categories: location, orientation, and direction. Thus, counting the locative and non- locative cases together, there are 64 cases. Tsez is an ergative–absolutive language, which means that it makes no distinction between the subject of an intransitive sentence and the object of a transitive one. Both are in the unmarked absolutive case; the agent of the transitive sentence is in the ergative case.

An example of a coreflexive relation is the relation on integers in which each odd number is related to itself and there are no other relations. The equality relation is the only example of a both reflexive and coreflexive relation, and any coreflexive relation is a subset of the identity relation. The union of a coreflexive and a transitive relation is always transitive. A relation R is coreflexive if, and only if, its symmetric closure is anti-symmetric.

Klon has split-S alignment. The alignment can be considered agentive. In Klon, the only argument of an intransitive clause (S) is sometimes treated the same as an agent-like argument of a transitive clause (SA=A), and sometimes treated the same as a patient-like argument of a transitive clause (SO=O). Whether S patterns with A or with O depends on the properties of the S argument, as well as the lexical class of the verb.

A set is hereditarily ordinal definable if it is ordinal definable and all elements of its transitive closure are ordinal definable. The class of hereditarily ordinal definable sets is denoted by HOD, and is a transitive model of ZFC, with a definable well ordering. It is consistent with the axioms of set theory that all sets are ordinal definable, and so hereditarily ordinal definable. The assertion that this situation holds is referred to as V = OD or V = HOD.

Ergative morphosyntax means that in a language subjects of intransitive verbs and direct objects are treated one way and subjects of transitive verbs are treated another way. In the Vafsi past tense subjects of intransitive verbs and direct objects are marked by the direct case whereas subjects of transitive verbs are marked by the oblique case. This feature characterizes the Vafsi past tense as ergative. The unmarked order of constituents is SOV like in most other Iranian languages.

It is argued whether this form of noun incorporation is present as noun incorporation in Iñupiaq, or "semantically transitive noun incorporation"—since with this kind of noun incorporation the verb remains transitive. The noun phrase subjects are incorporated not syntactically into the verb but rather as objects marked by the instrumental case. The third type of incorporation, manipulation of discourse structure _,_ is supported by Mithun (1984) and argued against by Lanz (2010). See Lanz's paper for further discussion.

Arguments tend to precede verbs, while the agent-like argument of a transitive verb more often than not precedes the patient-like argument, although more frequently only one of them is expressed.

918 Preferred word orders in a simple transitive sentence are verb-initial, such as verb–object–subject (VOS) and VSO. While verb-final orders are avoided, all logically possible orders are attested.

The language developed its interesting features, the transitive and intransitive verb conjugations. (See Hungarian grammar (verbs).) Marked possessive relations appeared. The accusative marker -t was developed, as well as many verb tenses.

A trio is a set of 3 disjoint octads of the Golay code. The subgroup fixing a trio is the trio group 26:(PSL(2,7) x S3), order 64512, transitive and imprimitive.

Accusative vs. partitive case opposition of the object used with transitive verbs creates a telicity contrast, just as in Finnish. This is a rough equivalent of the perfective vs. imperfective aspect opposition.

TSR, Inc., 1996. While it retains its connections to the Inner Planes, access to the Transitive Planes and Outer Planes is nearly impossible. The reason for the cosmological isolation is never fully explained.

In transitive sentences, the verb agree with the object in gender and with the subject in person and number. In intransitive sentences, the verb agrees with its subject in person, number and gender.

This is a special case of the Lovász conjecture that (with five known exceptions, none of which is zero-symmetric) every finite connected vertex-transitive graph and every finite Cayley graph is Hamiltonian.

The absolutive case is the unmarked form of the noun, which may be used as the subject of an intransitive verb, the object of a transitive verb or the experiencer of an emotion.

Pendau uses affixation (including prefixes, infixes, and suffixes) and has seven verb classes which are categorized as transitive, intransitive, or mixed transitivity. Pendau shows extensive use of clitics, reduplication, and limited subject agreement.

The following statements are equivalent for a tournament T on n vertices: # T is transitive. # T is a strict total ordering. # T is acyclic. # T does not contain a cycle of length 3.

The meaning may be unexpected; the relation ` broader ` means that A has a broader concept called B—hence that B is broader than A. Narrower follows in the same pattern. While the casual reader might expect broader and narrower to be transitive properties, SKOS does not declare them as such. Rather, the properties `broaderTransitive` and `narrowerTransitive` are defined as transitive super-properties of broader and narrower. These super-properties are (by convention) not used in declarative SKOS statements.

Intransitive verbs can be turned into transitive with the causative prefix гъэ- (meaning "to force, to make"). For example: :Ар мачъэ "He is running", but Ащ ар е-гъа- чъэ "He forces him to run", :Ар мэкуо "He is screaming", but Ащ ар е-гъэ-куо "He makes him scream". The verbs in the first sentences мачъэ "is running", мэкуо "is screaming" are intransitive, and the verbs in the second sentences егъачъэ "forces ... to run", егъэкуо "makes ... scream" are already transitive.

In mathematics, a distance-regular graph is a regular graph such that for any two vertices v and w, the number of vertices at distance j from v and at distance k from w depends only upon j, k, and i = d(v, w). Every distance- transitive graph is distance-regular. Indeed, distance-regular graphs were introduced as a combinatorial generalization of distance-transitive graphs, having the numerical regularity properties of the latter without necessarily having a large automorphism group.

Normal cores are important in the context of group actions on sets, where the normal core of the isotropy subgroup of any point acts as the identity on its entire orbit. Thus, in case the action is transitive, the normal core of any isotropy subgroup is precisely the kernel of the action. A core-free subgroup is a subgroup whose normal core is the trivial subgroup. Equivalently, it is a subgroup that occurs as the isotropy subgroup of a transitive, faithful group action.

Grammatical relations are the relations between argument and predicate. In Teiwa, these are formally expressed through pronouns from the object and subject paradigms, as well as a strict constituent order. The subject relation is the agent argument of a transitive verb, from hereon denoted with A, or the single argument of an intransitive predicate, from hereon denoted with S. Both are encoded similarly. The object relation is the non-agent argument of a transitive verb, from hereon denoted with P.

To determine if a graph {G} is a trapezoid graph, search for a transitive orientation {F} on the complement of {G}. Since trapezoid graphs are a subset of co-comparability graphs, if {G} is a trapezoid graph, its complement {G'} must be a comparability graph. If a transitive orientation {F} of the complement {G'} does not exist, {G} is not a trapezoid graph. If {F} does exist, test to see if the order given by {F} is a trapezoid order.

In set theory, a set is called hereditarily countable if it is a countable set of hereditarily countable sets. This inductive definition is in fact well- founded and can be expressed in the language of first-order set theory. A set is hereditarily countable if and only if it is countable, and every element of its transitive closure is countable. If the axiom of countable choice holds, then a set is hereditarily countable if and only if its transitive closure is countable.

The duals of the pseudo-uniform polyhedra have all faces congruent, but not transitive: their faces do not all lie within the same symmetry orbit and they are thus not isohedral. This is a consequence of the pseudo-uniform polyhedra having the same vertex configuration at every vertex, but not being vertex- transitive. This is demonstrated by the different colours used for the faces in the images of the dual pseudo-uniform polyhedra in this article, denoting different types of faces.

There are also conditioned motivating operations that result from the learning history of the organism. Three kinds of conditioned operations have been identified: a surrogate, reflexive, and transitive. A surrogate MO has the same effect as the MO it was paired with when it was learned; a reflexive MO acts as a reinforcement when it is removed; a transitive MO make something else effective as reinforcement. There is some debate as to whether an organism can be deprived or satiated from conditioned reinforcers.

Few graphs show semi-symmetry: most edge- transitive graphs are also vertex-transitive. The smallest semi-symmetric graph is the Folkman graph, with 20 vertices, which is 4-regular. The three smallest cubic semi-symmetric graphs are the Gray graph, with 54 vertices, this the smallest of the Iofina-Ivanov graphs with 110, and the Ljubljana graph with 112.. It is only for the five Iofina-Ivanov graphs that the symmetry group acts primitively on each partition of the vertices.

Verbs in Kabardian can be transitive or intransitive. In a sentence with a transitive verb, nouns in the absolutive case (marked as -р) play the role of direct object. In the sentences of this type the noun in the subject's position is in the ergative case (marked as -м): :Щӏалэм письмэр йотхы "The boy is writing the letter"; :Пхъащӏэм уадэр къыщтащ "The carpenter took out the hammer"; :Хьэм тхьак1умкӏыхьэр къыубытащ "The dog has caught the hares". In these sentences the verbs етхы "is writing", къыщтащ "took out", къыубытащ "has caught" are transitive verbs, and the nouns письмэр "letter", уадэр "hammer", тхьак1умк1ыхьэр "hare" are in the absolutive case (suffix -р) and express direct object in the sentences, while the nouns щӏалэм "boy", пхъащӏэм "carpenter", хьэм "dog" are subjects expressed in the ergative case.

Verbs in Adyghe can be transitive or intransitive. In a sentence with a transitive verb, nouns in the absolutive case (marked as -р) play the role of direct object. In the sentences of this type the noun in the subject's position is in the ergative case (marked as -м): :Кӏалэм письмэр етхы "The boy is writing the letter"; :Пхъашӏэм уатэр къыштагъ "The carpenter took the hammer"; :Хьэм тхьакӏумкӏыхьэр къыубытыгъ "The dog has caught the rabbit". In these sentences the verbs етхы "is writing", къыштагъ "took", къыубытыгъ "has caught" are transitive verbs, and the nouns письмэр "letter", уатэр "hammer", тхьакӏумкӏыхьэр "rabbit" are in the absolutive case (suffix -р) and express direct object in the sentences, while the nouns кӏалэм "boy", пхъашӏэм "carpenter", хьэм "dog" are subjects expressed in the ergative case.

If the core arguments of a transitive clause are termed A (agent of a transitive verb) and P (patient of a transitive verb), active–stative languages can be described as languages that align intransitive S as S = P/O∗∗ ("fell me") or S = A ("I fell"), depending on the criteria described above. Active–stative languages contrast with accusative languages such as English that generally align S as S = A, and to ergative languages that generally align S as S = P/O. Care should be taken when reasoning about language structure, specifically, as reasoning on syntactic roles (S=subject/ O=object) is sometimes difficult to separate from reasoning on semantic functions (A=agent/ P=patient). For example, in some languages, "me fell," is regarded as less impersonal and more empathic.

Sentences are typically negated by the addition of a particle towards the end of the sentence. While this addition may change the word order in transitive sentences, intransitive sentences always keep the SV word order.

Mansi conjugation has three persons, three numbers, two tenses, and four moods. Active and passive voices exist. Intransitive and transitive conjugations are distinguished. This means that there are two possible ways of conjugating a verb.

If the axiom of choice holds and the cardinal κ is regular, then a set is hereditarily of cardinality less than κ if and only if its transitive closure is of cardinality less than κ.

Nominative–accusative alignment In linguistic typology, nominative–accusative alignment is a type of morphosyntactic alignment in which subjects of intransitive verbs are treated like subjects of transitive verbs, and are distinguished from objects of transitive verbs in basic clause constructions. Morphosyntactic alignment can be coded by case-marking, verb agreement and/or word order. Nominative–accusative alignment has a wide global distribution and is the most common alignment system among the world’s languages (including English). Languages with nominative–accusative alignment are commonly called nominative–accusative languages.

The Folkman graph, the smallest semi-symmetric graph. In the mathematical field of graph theory, a semi-symmetric graph is an undirected graph that is edge-transitive and regular, but not vertex-transitive. In other words, a graph is semi-symmetric if each vertex has the same number of incident edges, and there is a symmetry taking any of the graph's edges to any other of its edges, but there is some pair of vertices such that no symmetry maps the first into the second.

Thus, -ohw serves to create an impersonal transitive verb theme with rakh- as the stem. There are many derivational affixes, most of which correspond to a complicated set of rules: stems can belong to one of eleven categories that determines which set of derivational affixes it may take. Therefore, to form an impersonal transitive verb theme like rakhohw, for example, there are 10 other possible affixes that occur with stems from other categories. Furthermore, certain derivational affixes occur only when affixed to specific stems.

The language of the Thule Inuit of Greenland, Inuktun or Polar Eskimo, is a recent arrival and a dialect of Inuktitut. Greenlandic is a polysynthetic language that allows the creation of long words by stringing together roots and suffixes. The language's morphosyntactic alignment being ergative, it treats (case-marks) the argument ("subject") of an intransitive verb like the object of a transitive verb but differently from the agent ("subject") of a transitive verb. Nouns are inflected by one of eight cases and for possession.

3D model of a triangular bipyramid Net In geometry, the triangular bipyramid (or dipyramid) is a type of hexahedron, being the first in the infinite set of face-transitive bipyramids. It is the dual of the triangular prism with 6 isosceles triangle faces. As the name suggests, it can be constructed by joining two tetrahedra along one face. Although all its faces are congruent and the solid is face-transitive, it is not a Platonic solid because some vertices adjoin three faces and others adjoin four.

Among verbs, there are several subgroups which differ either in terms of transitivity or in terms of the number of their internal argument (the subject of an intransitive verb or the object of a transitive verb).

The Mortlockese vocabulary includes terms to denote siblings and cousins of the same gender, and different terms to refer siblings and cousins of the opposite gender. Verbs can be transitive, intransitive(unergative or unaccusitive), or semitransitive.

The affixes include prefixes and suffixes. The first are indicators of person, causes, reflexives and reciprocals. The suffixes indicate the mode, negation, and the causes of transitive. The clitics indicates person, negation, and the exhortative mode.

We assume that each agent has a preference-relation on the set of all bundles of commodities. The preferences are complete, transitive, and closed. Equivalently, each preference relation can be represented by a continuous utility function.

The most famous example is the Petersen graph, but others can be constructed including the line graphs of edge-transitive non-bipartite graphs with odd vertex degrees.. Lauri and Scapelleto credit this construction to Mark Watkins.

Davani is ergative in past transitive constructions. For example (Persian transliterations are in UniPers): English: Hasan saw Ali in the garden. Persian: Hasan, Ali-râ tuye bâq did. Davani: hasan-eš ali-a tu bâγ di.

In linguistic typology, tripartite alignment is a type of morphosyntactic alignment in which the main argument ('subject') of an intransitive verb, the agent argument ('subject') of a transitive verb, and the patient argument ('direct object') of a transitive verb are each treated distinctly in the grammatical system of a language. This is in contrast with nominative- accusative and ergative-absolutive alignment languages, in which the argument of an intransitive verb patterns with either the agent argument of the transitive (in accusative languages) or with the patient argument of the transitive (in ergative languages). Thus, whereas in English, "she" in "she runs" patterns with "she" in "she finds it", and an ergative language would pattern "she" in "she runs" with "her" in "he likes her", a tripartite language would treat the "she" in "she runs" as morphologically and/or syntactically distinct from either argument in "he likes her". Which languages constitute genuine examples of a tripartite case alignment is a matter of debate; however, Wangkumara, Nez Perce, Ainu, Vakh dialects of Khanty, Semelai, Kalaw Lagaw Ya, Kham, and Yazghulami have all been claimed to demonstrate tripartite structure in at least some part of their grammar.

In mathematics, an unfoldable cardinal is a certain kind of large cardinal number. Formally, a cardinal number κ is λ-unfoldable if and only if for every transitive model M of cardinality κ of ZFC-minus-power set such that κ is in M and M contains all its sequences of length less than κ, there is a non-trivial elementary embedding j of M into a transitive model with the critical point of j being κ and j(κ) ≥ λ. A cardinal is unfoldable if and only if it is an λ-unfoldable for all ordinals λ. A cardinal number κ is strongly λ-unfoldable if and only if for every transitive model M of cardinality κ of ZFC-minus- power set such that κ is in M and M contains all its sequences of length less than κ, there is a non-trivial elementary embedding j of M into a transitive model "N" with the critical point of j being κ, j(κ) ≥ λ, and V(λ) is a subset of N. Without loss of generality, we can demand also that N contains all its sequences of length λ.

A binary relation R on a set X is formally defined as a set of ordered pairs (x,y) of elements of X, and we often abbreviate (x,y) ∈ R as xRy. A relation is irreflexive if xRx holds for no element x ∈ X; it is transitive if xRy and yRz imply xRz for all x, y, z ∈ X; and it is a connex relation if either xRy or yRx holds for all x, y ∈ X. A strict partial order is an irreflexive and transitive relation, and a total order is a strict partial order that is also a connex relation. A relation R is contained in another relation S when all ordered pairs in R also appear in S, i.e. xRy implies xSy for all x, y ∈ X. The extension theorem states that every relation R that is irreflexive and transitive (i.e.

Different main clause constructions present different combinations of alignment patterns, including split-S (default), ergative–absolutive (recent past), and nominative–absolutive (evaluative, progressive, continuous, completive, and negated clauses). In contrast, subordinate clauses are always ergative–absolutive. Prototypically, finite matrix clauses in Canela have a split-S alignment pattern, whereby the agents of transitive verbs (A) and the sole arguments of a subclass of intransitive verbs (SA) receive the nominative case (also called agentive case), whereas the patients of transitive verbs (P) and the sole arguments of the remaining intransitive predicates (SP) receive the absolutive case (also called internal case). In addition, transitive verbs are subdivided into two classes according to whether the third person patient is indexed as absolutive (allomorphs h-, ih-, im-, in-, i-, ∅-) or accusative (cu-), which has been described as an instance of a split-P alignment.

An alternative characterization of PSPACE is the set of problems decidable by an alternating Turing machine in polynomial time, sometimes called APTIME or just AP.Arora & Barak (2009) p.100 A logical characterization of PSPACE from descriptive complexity theory is that it is the set of problems expressible in second- order logic with the addition of a transitive closure operator. A full transitive closure is not needed; a commutative transitive closure and even weaker forms suffice. It is the addition of this operator that (possibly) distinguishes PSPACE from PH. A major result of complexity theory is that PSPACE can be characterized as all the languages recognizable by a particular interactive proof system, the one defining the class IP. In this system, there is an all-powerful prover trying to convince a randomized polynomial-time verifier that a string is in the language.

IEEE 754:2008 floating point standard defines an "EQ" relation for floating point values. This predicate is symmetrical and transitive, but is not reflexive because of the presence of NaN values that are not EQ to themselves.

This was actually the original form of the axiom in von Neumann's axiomatization. Suppose x is any set. Let t be the transitive closure of {x}. Let u be the subset of t consisting of unranked sets.

Word order in transitive clauses is subject–auxiliary–object–verb–adverb. Mainly postpositions are used. Within noun phrases, possessives come before the noun, and adjectives and plural markers after the verb; demonstratives are found with both orders.

Subject pronouns are used for the subjects of transitive or intransitive verbs. They can be used to refer to any animate subject, human or non-human. Only in very limited circumstances can they refer to inanimate subjects.

Noun phrase constituents which are personal pronouns or (in formal registers) the pronoun who(m) are marked for case, but otherwise it is word order alone that indicates which noun phrase is the subject and which the object. The presence of complements depends on the pattern followed by the verb (for example, whether it is a transitive verb, i.e. one taking a direct object). A given verb may allow a number of possible patterns (for example, the verb write may be either transitive, as in He writes letters, or intransitive, as in He writes often).

There are both simple and compound verbs in Byangsi, with the simple verbs having monosyllabic roots. Verbs may be treated as typically transitive or intransitive, and in order to change the meaning, they may take on a suffix based on what the typical role of the verb is. Byangsi, like many Tibeto- Burman languages, amply uses aspectivizers, which are auxiliaries added to a verb directly to its stem to slightly change its meaning to something closely related. The change between a transitive and intransitive verb may be considered an aspectivizer.

In linguistics, morphosyntactic alignment is the grammatical relationship between arguments—specifically, between the two arguments (in English, subject and object) of transitive verbs like the dog chased the cat, and the single argument of intransitive verbs like the cat ran away. English has a subject, which merges the more active argument of transitive verbs with the argument of intransitive verbs, leaving the object distinct; other languages may have different strategies, or, rarely, make no distinction at all. Distinctions may be made morphologically (through case and agreement), syntactically (through word order), or both.

Every well-founded set-like relation can be embedded into a well-founded set- like extensional relation. This implies the following variant of the Mostowski collapse lemma: every well-founded set-like relation is isomorphic to set- membership on a (non-unique, and not necessarily transitive) class. A mapping F such that F(x) = {F(y) : y R x} for all x in X can be defined for any well- founded set-like relation R on X by well-founded recursion. It provides a homomorphism of R onto a (non-unique, in general) transitive class.

A finite 2-transitive group has a socle that is either a vector space over a finite field or a non-abelian primitive simple group; groups of the latter kind are almost simple groups and described elsewhere. This article provides a complete list of the finite 2-transitive groups whose socle is elementary abelian. Let p be a prime, and G a subgroup of the general linear group GL(d,p) acting transitively on the nonzero vectors of the d-dimensional vector space (F_p)^d over the finite fieldF_p with p elements.

In American Sign Language, verbal number is expressed through reduplication. There are several verbal aspects using modified reduplication that indicate frequent or iterative action; these are unusual cross-linguistically in that transitive verbs lose their transitivity. In addition, transitive verbs may be reduplicated to show plurality of their object; the motion of the verb is either extended or repeated to cover the spatial locations of multiple objects or recipients. These are true duals and plurals, and so may be best thought of as object incorporation rather than pluractionality.

According to Sergio Meira, two other forms of case agreement exist in the language. ‘Split-S systems’, where the subjects of intransitive verbs are sometimes marked the same way as the subjects of transitive ones, but sometimes are marked with objects instead, exist. Tripartite constructions, where subjects of transitive sentences, subjects of intransitive sentences, and objects are all marked differently, also exist in Tiriyó. Certain tenses even have more than one pattern at a time; one hypothesis to explain these variations is that the language's case marking patterns are “fossil remnants of older constructions”.

Möbius ladders are vertex-transitive – they have symmetries taking any vertex to any other vertex – but (again with the exception of M6) they are not edge-transitive. The edges from the cycle from which the ladder is formed can be distinguished from the rungs of the ladder, because each cycle edge belongs to a single 4-cycle, while each rung belongs to two such cycles. Therefore, there is no symmetry taking a cycle edge to a rung edge or vice versa. When n ≡ 2 (mod 4), Mn is bipartite.

Many authors have written extensively on causative constructions and have used a variety of terms, often to talk about the same things. S, A, and O are terms used in morphosyntactic alignment to describe arguments in a sentence. The subject of an intransitive verb is S, the agent of a transitive verb is A, and the object of a transitive is O. These terms are technically not abbreviations (anymore) for "subject", "agent", and "object", though they can usually be thought of that way. P is often used instead of O in many works.

Hence inner models are transitive, transitive models are standard, and standard models are well-founded. The assumption that there exists a standard submodel of ZFC (in a given universe) is stronger than the assumption that there exists a model. In fact, if there is a standard submodel, then there is a smallest standard submodel called the minimal model contained in all standard submodels. The minimal submodel contains no standard submodel (as it is minimal) but (assuming the consistency of ZFC) it contains some model of ZFC by the Gödel completeness theorem.

This prefix, perhaps best translated as "something," occurs before every other verbal element except for the pronominal hi-, and approximates the English third person plural object of a transitive verb. Additionally, the prefix can be used as a dummy pronoun to make transitive verbs intransitive; these verbal forms are often used as nouns, and this prefix is thus the general method of forming nouns from verb stems. There are several intransitive verbs that take the wa- prefix idiomatically, wherein the prefix has no literal meaning.Whitman 1947, p. 244.

The Mayan language Chol has split-ergative person marking. In transitive clauses, verbs are framed by a person marking prefix (called "set A" in Mayan linguistics) that expresses the subject, and a suffix that expresses the object (= "set B"). : In intransitive clauses, the subject can either be represented by a set A-person marker, or a set B-person marker, depending on aspect. In perfective aspect, Chol has ergative–absolutive alignment: the subject of the intransitive verb is expressed by a suffixed person marker, thus in the same way as the object of transitive verbs.

This section discusses reflexive sentences such as "John saw himself," and "We like ourselves," and reciprocal sentences such as "We like each other." The basic form of the reflexive marker (REFL) is /atat-/ and it appears right after the pronominal prefix and before the incorporated noun, if any. The reflexive is typically found only on transitive verbs, but because there is only one participant in the event, we use the intransitive series of pronominal prefixes. Here's an example of a reflexive and a regular (non-reflexive) transitive for comparison.

The verb in Karajá grammar always agrees with the subject of the sentence, as it does in French for example; these agreements are determined by the past and present tense (also known as realis) or future, potential, and admonitory tenses (also known as irrealis). Verbs have no lexical opposites (such as in vs. out) and direction is represented through inflection; all Karajá verbs can inflect for direction. Verbs are either transitive or intransitive and the valence of each verb, therefore, may increase or decrease depending on their status as transitive or intransitive.

This amount of specification 'uses up' the three dimensions of PGL2(K); in other words, the group action is sharply 3-transitive. The computational aspect of this is the cross-ratio. Indeed, a generalized converse is true: a sharply 3-transitive group action is always (isomorphic to) a generalized form of a PGL2(K) action on a projective line, replacing "field" by "KT-field" (generalizing the inverse to a weaker kind of involution), and "PGL" by a corresponding generalization of projective linear maps.Action of PGL(2) on Projective Space – see comment and cited paper.

The octagonal bipyramid is one of the infinite set of bipyramids, dual to the infinite prisms. If an octagonal bipyramid is to be face-transitive, all faces must be isosceles triangles. 16-sided dice are often octagonal bipyramids.

Most verbs agree in class and number with the noun in the phrase that is in the absolutive case. As Hunzib has ergative alignment, that equals the subject of intransitive sentences and the direct object of transitive sentences.

An active voice verb is any verb which has the endings of the -ω or -μι verbs described above. It can be intransitive, transitive or reflexive (but intransitive is most common): : Xenophon, Hellenica 1.1.8 : : He sailed to Athens. : .

Transitive orientability of interval graph complements was proven by ; the characterization of interval graphs is due to . See also , prop. 1.3, pp. 15–16. A permutation graph is a containment graph on a set of intervals.. , theorem 6.3.

Mawayana has a polysynthetic morphology, mainly head-marking and with suffixes, although there are pronominal prefixes. The verbal arguments are indexed on the verb through subject suffixes on intransitive verbs, while agent prefixes and object suffixes on transitive verbs .

The rhombic icosahedron is a zonohedron made up of 20 congruent rhombs. It can be derived from the rhombic triacontahedron by removing 10 middle faces. Even though all the faces are congruent, the rhombic icosahedron is not face-transitive.

In grammar, the absolutive case (abbreviated ) is the case of nouns in ergative–absolutive languages that would generally be the subjects of intransitive verbs or the objects of transitive verbs in the translational equivalents of nominative–accusative languages such as English.

Other verbs, such as trip in (3) go the other way: they are primarily intransitive and secondarily transitive. :(3a) John (S) tripped. :(3b) Mary (A) tripped John (O). Other examples of this type include explode, melt, dissolve, walk, and march.

For example, both use -o-/-u- (rather than -i-) as the marker of transitive valency and both display the plural suffix -it-, expressing the number of the ergative subject and occupying a position before the valency marker.Wilhelm, Gernot. 2008. Hurrian.

An example of transitive inference would be when a child is presented with the information "A" is greater than "B" and "B" is greater than "C". This child may have difficulty here understanding that "A" is also greater than "C".

This polyhedron can be formed from a regular dodecahedron by truncating (cutting off) the corners so the pentagon faces become decagons and the corners become triangles. It is used in the cell-transitive hyperbolic space-filling tessellation, the bitruncated icosahedral honeycomb.

A homogeneous relation on the set is a transitive relation if, :for all , if and , then . Or in terms of first-order logic: :\forall a,b,c \in X: (aRb \wedge bRc) \Rightarrow aRc, where is the infix notation for .

Personal pronouns have Unmarked, Nominative, Accusative and Possessive case forms. The Nominative case pronouns are used for the subjects of transitive and intransitive verbs, the accusative pronouns for the objects of transitives. Pronouns in oblique roles take the Unmarked case form.

In Yiddish, is usually used as a transitive verb for carrying (or dragging) something else, while the English term, "schlep", is also used as an intransitive verb, for dragging oneself. In Yiddish, means "slip", while the English form, "glitch", means malfunction.

In mathematics, a Frobenius group is a transitive permutation group on a finite set, such that no non-trivial element fixes more than one point and some non-trivial element fixes a point. They are named after F. G. Frobenius.

If transitive verbs with animate objects have classifying morphemes, -wã is also attached. This occurs if the classifier added to the verb stem and when it is not: (1)luzeu-'wã hãrũ'ro-da-ki Luzeu-AO strangle-1S-DEC ‘I strangled Luzeu’ (2) zjwãu-'wã hado-'ri-da-ki João-AO pierce-CL:flat-1S-DEC ‘I pierced João through the chest’ In Kwaza, objects of transitive verbs are usually case marked because they are of the animate category. Case marking becomes ungrammatical when they are inanimate. Case marking is not required to differentiate the object from the subject.

In many languages, there are "ambitransitive" verbs, which can be either transitive or intransitive. For example, English play is ambitransitive, since it is grammatical to say His son plays, and it is also grammatical to say His son plays guitar. English is rather flexible as regards verb valency, and so it has a high number of ambitransitive verbs; other languages are more rigid and require explicit valency changing operations (voice, causative morphology, etc.) to transform a verb from intransitive to transitive or vice versa. In some ambitransitive verbs, called ergative verbs, the alignment of the syntactic arguments to the semantic roles is exchanged.

Every finite zero-symmetric graph is a Cayley graph, a property that does not always hold for cubic vertex-transitive graphs more generally and that helps in the solution of combinatorial enumeration tasks concerning zero-symmetric graphs. There are 97687 zero-symmetric graphs on up to 1280 vertices. These graphs form 89% of the cubic Cayley graphs and 88% of all connected vertex-transitive cubic graphs on the same number of vertices.. All known finite connected zero-symmetric graphs contain a Hamiltonian cycle, but it is unknown whether every finite connected zero-symmetric graph is necessarily Hamiltonian., p. 10.

Because of this case marking, the word order can be quite free. A specific word order tells the hearer what is new information (focus) versus old information (topic), but it does not mark the subject and the object (in English, word order is fixed -- subject–verb–object). Nouns in Nez Perce are marked based on how they relate to the transitivity of the verb. Subjects in a sentence with a transitive verb take the ergative suffix -nim, objects in a sentence with a transitive verb take the accusative suffix -ne, and subjects in sentences with an intransitive verb don’t take a suffix.

In particular, gradual typing uses a special type named dynamic to represent statically-unknown types, and gradual typing replaces the notion of type equality with a new relation called consistency that relates the dynamic type to every other type. The consistency relation is symmetric but not transitive. Prior attempts at integrating static and dynamic typing tried to make the dynamic type be both the top and bottom of the subtype hierarchy. However, because subtyping is transitive, that results in every type becoming related to every other type, and so subtyping would no longer rule out any static type errors.

Lee (1975) states that verbs in Kosraean are structurally either simple, complex, or compound verbs. Simple verbs consist of a single free morpheme, complex verbs consist of one free morpheme combined with one or more bound morphemes, and compound verbs are a combination of more than one free morpheme which may or may not be combined with bound morphemes. According to Lee (1975), "The verbs in Kusaiean can be classified into transitive and intransitive verbs." Lee (1975) states that one way to tell if a verb is transitive or intransitive is to combine it with the passive suffix -yuhk.

To any group is associated its Burnside ring which uses a ring to describe the various ways the group can act on a finite set. The Burnside ring's additive group is the free abelian group whose basis are the transitive actions of the group and whose addition is the disjoint union of the action. Expressing an action in terms of the basis is decomposing an action into its transitive constituents. The multiplication is easily expressed in terms of the representation ring: the multiplication in the Burnside ring is formed by writing the tensor product of two permutation modules as a permutation module.

Fine motor skills are often discussed in terms of transitive movements, which are those done when using tools (which could be as simple as a tooth brush or pencil). Transitive movements have representations that become programmed to the premotor cortex, creating motor programs that result in the activation of the motor cortex and therefore the motor movements. In a study testing the motor memory of patterned finger movements (a fine motor skill) it was found that retention of certain skills is susceptible to disruption if another task interferes with one's motor memory. However, such susceptibility can be reduced with time.

Such graphs are automatically symmetric, by definition. A t-arc is defined to be a sequence of t+1 vertices, such that any two consecutive vertices in the sequence are adjacent, and with any repeated vertices being more than 2 steps apart. A t-transitive graph is a graph such that the automorphism group acts transitively on t-arcs, but not on (t+1)-arcs. Since 1-arcs are simply edges, every symmetric graph of degree 3 or more must be t-transitive for some t, and the value of t can be used to further classify symmetric graphs.

The third person pronoun is now rarely used in Futunan. For all pronoun references, except third person singular, Futunan offers a choice of pre-posed and post-posed pronouns, which are pronouns placed before or after the subject. Modern Futunan has done away with the possibility of expressing pre-posed and post-posed pronouns. Clitic pronouns (clitic pronouns are dependent on an adjacent word and cannot stand on their own in meaning.) of the first and second type may correspond to different types of arguments: the absolute of intransitive clauses, the ergative of transitive clauses, and the absolute of transitive clauses.

Like many Australian languages, Guugu Yimithirr pronouns have accusative morphology while nouns have ergative morphology. That is, the subject of an intransitive verb has the same form as the subject of a transitive verb if the subject is a pronoun, but the same form as the object of a transitive verb otherwise. Regardless of whether nouns or pronouns are used, the usual sentence order is subject–object–verb, although other word orders are possible. The language is notable for its use of pure geographic directions (north, south, east, west) rather than egocentric directions (left, right, forward, backward), though such "purity" is disputed.

Another important distinction involves the contrast between nouns marked as proximate and those marked as obviative. Proximate nouns are those deemed most central or important to the discourse, while obviative nouns are those less important to the discourse. There are personal pronouns which distinguish three persons, two numbers (singular and plural), inclusive and exclusive first person plural, and proximate and obviative third persons. Verbs are divided into four classes: transitive verbs with an animate object (abbreviated "TA"), transitive verbs with an inanimate object ("TI"), intransitive verbs with an animate subject ("AI"), and intransitive verbs with an inanimate subject ("II").

Alongside with nouns, verbs constitute the only open word class in Aramba. Syntactically, they fall into three subtypes: transitive verbs, (inherently) intransitive verbs and derived intransitive verbs. Transitive verbs like -dren- 'pound' are inflected with a so-called absolutive prefix (which denotes the Undergoer of an action) and an appropriate nominative suffix (denoting the Actor of an action). (For more details on absolutive and nominative affixes ) Intransitive verbs like -om- 'live' are also inflected with an absolutive prefix and nominative suffix; however, here it is the prefix that denotes the Actor of the action (S), whereas the nominative suffix remains invariant (i.e.

However, it may also create transitive verb stems from nouns. Moving from Example 4C to 4D, the noun “pan” described by the adjective “black” is augmented by the addition of “-kwa”. This allows for both the implicitly stated subject “he/she” and the object “me” to be introduced. Example 4C: ŋwãẽ pɨɨk pan black ‘black pan’ Example 4D: o-pɨɨk-kwa-ra 1s-black-TR+pl-Rep ‘(He/she) completely painted me black again' Valency decrease in Mekéns is achieved by use of the intransitivizer, and is formed by applying the intransitivizer prefix “e-“ to transitive verb forms, thus creating intransitive verb stems.

A causatively alternating verb, such as "open", has both a transitive meaning ("I opened the door") and an intransitive meaning ("The door opened"). When causatively alternating verbs are used transitively they are called causatives since, in the transitive use of the verb, the subject is causing the action denoted by the intransitive version. When causatively alternating verbs are used intransitively, they are referred to as anticausatives or inchoatives because the intransitive variant describes a situation in which the theme participant (in this case "the door") undergoes a change of state, becoming, for example, "opened".Coppock, Elizabeth.

Ergative verbs are verbs that can be transitive or intransitive without morphological change, while paired verbs are verbs that require morphological changes in order to be read as transitive or intransitive. An example of an ergative verb in Japanese is shown below in examples (18) and (19): Seen in (18) is the causative use of the verb "開く" - "hiraku", conjugated in past tense. ::(18) 太郎が、扉を開いた. :::Taro-ga tobira-o hiraita :::Taro-NOM door-ACC opened :::‘Taro opened the door.’ Seen in (19) is the anticausative use of the verb.

A transitive orientation of a graph, if it exists, can be found in linear time.; see , p. 91. However, the algorithm for doing so will assign orientations to the edges of any graph, so to complete the task of testing whether a graph is a comparability graph, one must test whether the resulting orientation is transitive, a problem provably equivalent in complexity to matrix multiplication. Because comparability graphs are perfect, many problems that are hard on more general classes of graphs, including graph coloring and the independent set problem, can be computed in polynomial time for comparability graphs.

Tzeltal is an ergative–absolutive language, meaning that the single argument of an intransitive verb takes the same form as the object of a transitive verb, and differently from the subject of a transitive verb. It is also an agglutinative language, which means that words are typically formed by placing affixes on a root, with each affix representing one morpheme (as opposed to a fusional language, in which affixes may include multiple morphemes). Tzeltal is further classified as a head-marking language, meaning that grammatical marking typically occurs on the heads of phrases, rather than on its modifiers or dependents.

English has derivational morphology that parallels ergativity in that it operates on intransitive verbs and objects of transitive verbs. With certain intransitive verbs, adding the suffix "-ee" to the verb produces a label for the person performing the action: :"John has retired" → "John is a retiree" :"John has escaped" → "John is an escapee" However, with a transitive verb, adding "-ee" does not produce a label for the person doing the action. Instead, it gives us a label for the person to whom the action is done: :"Susie employs Mike" → "Mike is an employee" :"Mike has appointed Susie" → "Susie is an appointee" Etymologically, the sense in which "-ee" denotes the object of a transitive verb is the original one, arising from French past participles in "-é". This is still the prevalent sense in British English: the intransitive uses are all 19th-century American coinages and all except "escapee" are still marked as "chiefly U.S." by the Oxford English Dictionary.

The more technical definition of a chiral polytope is a polytope that has two orbits of flags under its group of symmetries, with adjacent flags in different orbits. This implies that it must be vertex-transitive, edge-transitive, and face-transitive, as each vertex, edge, or face must be represented by flags in both orbits; however, it cannot be mirror-symmetric, as every mirror symmetry of the polytope would exchange some pair of adjacent flags.. For the purposes of this definition, the symmetry group of a polytope may be defined in either of two different ways: it can refer to the symmetries of a polytope as a geometric object (in which case the polytope is called geometrically chiral) or it can refer to the symmetries of the polytope as a combinatorial structure (an abstract polytope). Chirality is meaningful for either type of symmetry but the two definitions classify different polytopes as being chiral or nonchiral..

Since Dyirbal has fewer lexemes, a morpheme -rri- is used as an intransitive derivational suffix. Thus the Dyalŋguy equivalents of the two words above are transitive yuwa and intransitive yuwa-rri-.Dixon, R.M.W. (2000). "A Typology of Causatives: Form, Syntax, and Meaning".

For transitive sentences, Puluwatese follows a SVO word order but an SV or VS structure for intransitive sentences. SVO: Wuŕumwo ya yákékkél-ee-ŕ yát-e-kkit mákk. Wuŕumwo 3s teach-SV-3pl.obj child-EV-small writing 'Wuŕumwo taught the children writing.

Spherical pentagonal hexecontahedron This polyhedron is topologically related as a part of sequence of polyhedra and tilings of pentagons with face configurations (V3.3.3.3.n). (The sequence progresses into tilings the hyperbolic plane to any n.) These face-transitive figures have (n32) rotational symmetry.

Nouns may be singular, dual, or plural in number, and generally inflect by suffixing. Numerals usually follow the nouns they count, and agree in noun class. Groups of nouns and adjectives comprise noun phrases. Pohnpeian transitive sentences contain up to three noun phrases.

In geometry, a decagonal bipyramid is one of the infinite set of bipyramids, dual to the infinite prisms. If a decagonal bipyramid is to be face- transitive, all faces must be isosceles triangles. It is an icosahedron, but not the regular one.

Most intransitive verbs with the endings , , , derived from simpler verb-stems are high-toned. This is especially true when a transitive verb has been turned by a suffix into an intransitive one: : 'happen' (cf. 'do') : 'be cut' (cf. 'cut') : 'be known' (cf.

When a manifold carries a spinC structure at all, the set of spinC structures forms an affine space. Moreover, the set of spinC structures has a free transitive action of . Thus, spinC-structures correspond to elements of although not in a natural way.

M24 is one of the 26 sporadic groups and was introduced by . It is a 5-transitive permutation group on 24 objects. The Schur multiplier and the outer automorphism group are both trivial. The Mathieu groups can be constructed in various ways.

For split systems, causatives of intransitives may be treated differently. The syntax of a causative construction is almost always the same as some other type of sentence, such as a sentence with a transitive verb. Tariana, however, is an exception to this rule.

These definitions can be extended to higher- dimensional polytopes and tessellations. All uniform polytopes are isogonal, for example, the uniform 4-polytopes and convex uniform honeycombs. The dual of an isogonal polytope is an isohedral figure, which is transitive on its facets.

When the speaker conjugates in intransitive, the sentence has no concrete object (in this case, the object is nothing or something like something, anything). In the transitive conjugation, there is a concrete object. This feature also exists in the other Ugric languages.

In this special case, the maximum number of events processed by a kinetic heap can be shown to be exactly the number of edges in the transitive closure of the tree structure of the heap, which is for a tree of height .

The ergative case > suffix marks the subject of a transitive sentence. Additionally, the suffix > can be used to mark instruments. A variety of ergative suffixes exist for > attachment to different words. The ergative case markers include -lu, -nggu, > -gu, -gulu, -du, and -u.

The roots also distinguish between means of conveyance, e.g. by transport or by one's own power, and in transitive verbs, the object or person being transported. The information below provides an outline of the formation and basic usage of unprefixed and prefixed verbs of motion.

Generative linguists of the 1960s, including Noam Chomsky and Ernst von Glasersfeld, believed semantic relations between transitive verbs and intransitive verbs were tied to their independent syntactic organization. This meant that they saw a simple verb phrase as encompassing a more complex syntactic structure.

In grammar, an intransitive verb does not allow a direct object. This is distinct from a transitive verb, which takes one or more objects. The verb property is called transitivity. Intransitive verbs are often identified as those that can't be followed by who or what.

A stellation diagram exists for every face of a given polyhedron. In face transitive polyhedra, symmetry can be used to require all faces have the same diagram shading. Semiregular polyhedra like the Archimedean solids will have different stellation diagrams for different kinds of faces.

The urine arrives in the pleural space either retroperitoneally (under the peritoneum) under the posterior diaphragm, or via the retro peritoneal lymphatics. It remains a rare, possibly under-diagnosed, differential in the case of transitive pleural effusion. Respiratory symptoms are usually mild. Handa et al.

The heptagonal bipyramid is one of the infinite set of bipyramids, dual to the infinite prisms. If an heptagonal bipyramid is to be face-transitive, all faces must be isosceles triangles.The resulting solid has 14 triangular faces, 9 vertices and 21 edges.Heptagonal Dipyramid dmccooey.

In standard English, sentences are composed of five clause patterns: # Subject + Verb (intransitive) Example: She runs to the meeting. # Subject + Verb (transitive) + Object Example: She runs the meeting. # Subject + Verb (linking) + Subject Complement (adjective, noun, pronoun) Example: Abdul is happy. Jeanne is a person.

Yakkha has rich nominal and verbal morphology. Nouns inflect for case and number. Verbs inflect for person, number (singular, dual, plural/nonsingular), negation, several categories in the domain of tense, aspect and mood. In transitive verbs, both actor and undergoer are coreferenced on the verb.

Some contend that indifference is not transitive. Consider the following example. Suppose you like apples and you prefer apples that are larger. Now suppose there exists an apple A, an apple B, and an apple C which have identical intrinsic characteristics except for the following.

Two 7-Con quadrilaterals. Defining almost congruent triangles gives a binary relation on the set of triangles. This relation is clearly not reflexive, but it is symmetric. It is not transitive: As a counterexample, consider the three triangles with side lengths (8;12;18), (12;18;27), and (18;27;40.5).

Additionally, object pronouns (e.g. watch him; look at him) may complement either prepositions or transitive verbs. In some other languages, a special set of pronouns is required in prepositional contexts (although the individual pronouns in this set may also be found in other contexts).

Geodesic domes such as those whose architecture Buckminster Fuller pioneered are often based on this structure. It also corresponds to the geometry of the fullerene C60 ("buckyball") molecule. It is used in the cell-transitive hyperbolic space- filling tessellation, the bitruncated order-5 dodecahedral honeycomb.

In these sentences with intransitive verbs, nouns that play role of indirect object are expressed in the oblique case: пщащэ-м "girl", жыгы-м "tree", тхылъы-м "book". Intransitive verbs can be turned into transitive with the causative affix -гъэ- (meaning "to force, to make"). For example: :Ар мажэ "He is running", but Абы ар е-гъа-жэ "He forces him to run", :Ар матхэ "He is writing", but Абы ар е-гъа-тхэ "He makes him to write". The verbs in the first sentences мажэ "is running", матхэ "is writing" are intransitive, and the verbs in the second sentences егъажэ "forces ... to run", егъатхэ "makes ... to write" are already transitive.

Other aspects in ASL include the following: stative, inchoative ("to begin to..."), predispositional ("to tend to..."), susceptative ("to... easily"), frequentative ("to... often"), protractive ("to... continuously"), incessant ("to... incessantly"), durative ("to... for a long time"), iterative ("to... over and over again"), intensive ("to... very much"), resultative ("to... completely"), approximative ("to... somewhat"), semblitive ("to appear to..."), increasing ("to... more and more"). Some aspects combine with others to create yet finer distinctions. Aspect is unusual in ASL in that transitive verbs derived for aspect lose their grammatical transitivity. They remain semantically transitive, typically assuming an object made prominent using a topic marker or mentioned in a previous sentence.

In the mathematical field of graph theory, a zero-symmetric graph is a connected graph in which each vertex has exactly three incident edges and, for each two vertices, there is a unique symmetry taking one vertex to the other. Such a graph is a vertex-transitive graph but cannot be an edge-transitive graph: the number of symmetries equals the number of vertices, too few to take every edge to every other edge. The smallest zero-symmetric graph with two edge orbits The name for this class of graphs was coined by R. M. Foster in a 1966 letter to H. S. M. Coxeter., p. ix.

The morphological verb classes in Crow mirror a semantic distinction: Crow is an active–stative language, meaning that the subject of an active verb is treated differently than the subject of a stative verb. Active verbs and stative verbs are marked with distinct sets of pronomial affixes: the "A-set" for active verbs and the "B-set" for stative verbs. Active verbs may have one, two, or three arguments (making them respectively intransitive, transitive, or ditransitive). An intransitive verb takes a subject (SV), a transitive verb takes a subject and an object (SOV) and a ditransitive verb takes a subject and two objects (SO1O2V).

Urartian is an ergative language, meaning that the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb are expressed identically, with the so-called absolutive case, whereas the subject of a transitive verb is expressed with a special ergative case. Examples are: Argištə nun-a-bi "Argišti came" vs Argište-šə arə šu-nə "Argišti established a granary". Within the limited number of known forms, no exceptions from the ergative pattern are known. The word order is usually verb-final, and, more specifically, SOV (where S refers to the ergative agent), but the rule is not rigid and components are occasionally re-arranged for expressive purposes.

A relation is transitive if, whenever it relates some A to some B, and that B to some C, it also relates that A to that C. Some authors call a relation intransitive if it is not transitive, i.e. (if the relation in question is named R) :\lnot\left(\forall a, b, c: a R b \land b R c \implies a R c\right). This statement is equivalent to : \exists a,b,c : a R b \land b R c \land \lnot(a R c). For instance, in the food chain, wolves feed on deer, and deer feed on grass, but wolves do not feed on grass.

The definition of a direct–inverse language is a matter under research, but it is widely understood to involve different grammar for transitive predications according to the relative positions of their "subject" and their "object" on a person hierarchy, which, in turn, is some combination of saliency and animacy specific to a given language. The direct construction is the unmarked one. The direct construction is used when the subject of the transitive clause outranks the object in the person hierarchy, and the inverse is used when the object outranks the subject. The existence of direct–inverse morphosyntax is usually accompanied by proximate–obviative morphosyntax.

Another common classification distinguishes nominative–accusative alignment patterns and ergative–absolutive ones. In a language with cases, the classification depends on whether the subject (S) of an intransitive verb has the same case as the agent (A) or the patient (P) of a transitive verb. If a language has no cases, but the word order is AVP or PVA, then a classification may reflect whether the subject of an intransitive verb appears on the same side as the agent or the patient of the transitive verb. Bickel (2011) has argued that alignment should be seen as a construction-specific property rather than a language- specific property.

R. M. W. Dixon has defined four criteria for determining whether a construction is a passive: # It applies to underlying transitive clauses and forms a derived intransitive. # The entity that is the patient or the object of the transitive verb in the underlying representation (indicated as O in linguistic terminology) becomes the core argument of the clause (indicated as S, since the core argument is the subject of an intransitive). # The agent in the underlying representation (indicated as A) becomes a chômeur, a noun in the periphery that is not a core argument. It is marked by a non-core case or becomes part of an adpositional phrase, etc.

In geometry, a polytope (a polygon, polyhedron or tiling, for example) is isogonal or vertex-transitive if all its vertices are equivalent under the symmetries of the figure. This implies that each vertex is surrounded by the same kinds of face in the same or reverse order, and with the same angles between corresponding faces. Technically, we say that for any two vertices there exists a symmetry of the polytope mapping the first isometrically onto the second. Other ways of saying this are that the group of automorphisms of the polytope is transitive on its vertices, or that the vertices lie within a single symmetry orbit.

The case system of many Cushitic languages is characterized by marked nominative alignment, which is typologically quite rare and predominantly found in languages of Africa. In marked nominative languages, the noun appears in unmarked "absolutive" case when cited in isolation, or when used as predicative noun and as object of a transitive verb; on the other hand, it is explicitly marked for nominative case when it functions as subject in a transitive or intransitive sentence. Possession is usually expressed by genitive case marking of the possessor. South Cushitic—which has no case marking for subject and object—follows the opposite strategy: here, the possessed noun is marked for construct case, e.g.

Tenetehára has a verb-subject- object word order. 2 Verbs are marked with person prefixes that reference the subject of the clause: :u-suka Zezin arapuha :third.person-kill Zezin deer :"Zezin killed a deer." There are three verb classes, corresponding to transitive, intransitive and stative verbs.

For example, [June, October, February]. A ternary relation is called a cyclic order if it is cyclic, asymmetric, transitive, and total. Dropping the "total" requirement results in a partial cyclic order. A set with a cyclic order is called a cyclically ordered set or simply a cycle.

As a corollary, in the same article, Immerman proved that, using descriptive complexity's equality between NL and FO(Transitive Closure), the logarithmic hierarchy, i.e. the languages decided by an alternating Turing machine in logarithmic space with a bounded number of alternation, is the same class as NL.

Before verbs beginning with vowels, the pronouns are often contracted. Transitive verbs used in the third person or impersonally in a passive sense, with pronouns in the objective case prefixed, also look like unconjugated intransitive verbs. Matthews, Washington. Grammar and Dictionary of the Language of the Hidatsa.

An octern is a certain partition of the 24 points into 8 blocks of 3. The subgroup fixing an octern is the octern group isomorphic to PSL2(7), of order 168, simple, transitive and imprimitive. It was the last maximal subgroup of M24 to be found.

Both forms are free interchangeable. The pronoun has the function of the absolutive in the relative clause, and so represents an intransitive subject or a transitive object. The interrogative pronoun (who/what) is only attested in the ergative singular (afeš), and once in the absolutive singular (au).

118; . However, some partial orders of dimension two and with one minimal and maximal element do not have an upward planar drawing (take the order defined by the transitive closure of a < b, a < c, b < d, b < e, c < d, c < e, d < f, e < f).

To allow users in one domain to access resources in another, Active Directory uses trusts. Trusts inside a forest are automatically created when domains are created. The forest sets the default boundaries of trust, and implicit, transitive trust is automatic for all domains within a forest.

The subject noun phrase is always clause-initial in Bangime, apart from some clause-initial particles. In simple transitive sentences, SOV (subject, object, verb) word order is used for the present tense, imperfective and SVO (subject, verb, object) word order is used for the past tense, perfective.

Pashto inflects nouns into four grammatical cases: direct, oblique I, oblique II and vocative. The oblique I case is used as prepositional case as well as in the past tense as the subject of transitive verbs, and the oblique II case is used as ablative case.

The interaction of theme animacy and the planned nature of an action provides the basis for distinguishing transitive from intransitive action verbs. Indicators of planning are the expressions of request, desire, or prohibition of action. Some languages, such as Japanese, do this with verb suffixes and auxiliaries.

Verbs are inflected for one of eight moods and for the number and person of its subject and object. Both nouns and verbs have complex derivational morphology. The basic word order in transitive clauses is subject–object–verb. The subordination of clauses uses special subordinate moods.

There are four prominent subcategories of non-stative verbs. Firstly, there are active verbs that act as the subject of a clause, started by an active agent . There are transitive, intransitive, and ditransitive variations. The second subcategory is motion verbs, which includes basic motion, directional, and relational.

The Gosset 321 polytope is a semiregular polytope. Therefore, the automorphism group of the Gosset graph, E7, acts transitively upon its vertices, making it a vertex-transitive graph. The characteristic polynomial of the Gosset graph is. : (x-27)(x-9)^7(x+1)^{27}(x+3)^{21}.

Implicational hierarchies also play a role in syntactic phenomena. For instance, in some languages (e.g. Tangut) the transitive verb agrees not with a subject, or the object, but with the syntactic argument which is higher on the person hierarchy. (5) Person: first < second < third See also: animacy.

On the representation number of a crown graph, Discr. Appl. Math. 244, 2018, 89−93. # M.M. Halldórsson, S. Kitaev, A. Pyatkin On representable graphs, semi-transitive orientations, and the representation numbers, arXiv:0810.0310 (2008). # M.M. Halldórsson, S. Kitaev, A. Pyatkin (2010) Graphs capturing alternations in words.

Possession takes many complex forms in Tzeltal (see Polian 2006, §5.5 for details). Most commonly and simply, it is marked with the prefixes corresponding to transitive verbs marked for ergativity, such that the phrase "John's house" would be expressed as s-na John, or "his-house John".

The -a- infix may be inserted into words with two initial consonants, between them. This infix turns intransitive verb into a transitive verb, adding an agent. It can also turn a noun into a verb. Here are some examples: praang - to cross over paraang - to take someone across.

There is a transitive effect that permeates through the system. If colony A interacts with colony B, and B with C, then C affects A through B. Therefore, if the competitive Lotka–Volterra equations are to be used for modeling such a system, they must incorporate this spatial structure.

Chimariko has an agent/patient case system.Mithun p.213 For first persons, agent and patient are differentiated in both transitive and intransitive clauses, and third persons are not.Jany (2007) Person hierarchy in the argument structure is present as well where speech act participants are favored over third persons.

The normal word order is subject–object–verb. Like many other Indo-Iranian languages, Balochi also features split ergativity. The subject is marked as nominative except for the past tense constructions where the subject of a transitive verb is marked as oblique and the verb agrees with the object.

The graph of an n-gonal prism has 2n vertices and 3n edges. They are regular, cubic graphs. Since the prism has symmetries taking each vertex to each other vertex, the prism graphs are vertex-transitive graphs. As polyhedral graphs, they are also 3-vertex-connected planar graphs.

H. Łowmiański thought that Nadruvian and Scalovian tribes had changed ethnically due to Lithuanian colonization as early as times of tribal social order. Linguist Z. Zinkevičius has presumed that Nadruvians and Skalovians were transitive tribes between Lithuanians and Prussians since much earlier times than German invasion had occurred.

Hyperbolic groups are also called Lannér, after F. Lannér who enumerated the compact hyperbolic groups in 1950,Lannér F., On complexes with transitive groups of automorphisms, Medd. Lunds Univ. Mat. Sem. [Comm. Sem. Math. Univ. Lund], 11 (1950), 1–71 and Koszul (or quasi-Lannér) for the paracompact groups.

Yabem has a rich serial verb construction system (SVC). It incorporates both different subject (switch-subject) SVCs and same subject SVCs. The SVC system is symmetrical. The two verbs of the SVC must agree in mode (realis/irrealis) and must have the same object if they are transitive.

Binyan paʕal, also called binyan קַל or qal (light), is the most common binyan. Paʕal verbs are in the active voice, and can be either transitive or intransitive. This means that they may or may not take direct objects. Paʕal verbs are never formed from four-letter roots.

The automorphism group of the Folkman graph acts transitively on its edges but not on its vertices. It is the smallest undirected graph that is edge-transitive and regular, but not vertex- transitive.Skiena, S. Implementing Discrete Mathematics: Combinatorics and Graph Theory with Mathematica. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, pp.

It also displays a number of suffixal tense-aspect- modality markers, as well as suffixal case markers and adposistions. These suffixes are attached to nouns and verbs. When used in the perfect aspect to indicate a nominative case, the suffix -kwe is used to show agency for transitive subjects.

Compositions of homomorphisms are homomorphisms. In particular, the relation → on graphs is transitive (and reflexive, trivially), so it is a preorder on graphs. Let the equivalence class of a graph G under homomorphic equivalence be [G]. The equivalence class can also be represented by the unique core in [G].

For a connected manifold M, the diffeomorphism group acts transitively on M. More generally, the diffeomorphism group acts transitively on the configuration space CkM. If M is at least two-dimensional, the diffeomorphism group acts transitively on the configuration space FkM and the action on M is multiply transitive .

The proof starts by proving by contradiction that Ord, the class of all ordinals, is a proper class. Assume that Ord is a set. Since it is transitive set that is well-ordered by ∈, it is an ordinal. So Ord ∈ Ord, which contradicts Ord being well-ordered by ∈.

The third subcategory is placement verbs, which occur independently. The fourth subcategory is verbs of perception and mental processes. Verbs of perception can be transitive or intransitive. Some examples are /yɑ̃/ ‘to see’ and /pe/ ‘to hear’. Mental process verbs include beye ‘to explain’ and kẽ ‘to dream’ .

The following conditions are equivalent for a poset P: #P is a disjoint union of zigzag posets. #If a ≤ b ≤ c in P, either a = b or b = c. #< \circ < = \emptyset, i.e. it is never the case that a < b and b < c, so that < is vacuously transitive.

His thesis was on doubly transitive permutation groups with Frobenius groups as stabilizers. These groups are now called Zassenhaus groups. They have had a deep impact on the classification of finite simple groups. He obtained his doctorate in June 1934, and took the teachers’ exam the next May.

Nouns have a single form, unmarked by a suffix, for the nominative case (used for the subject of an intransitive verb) and the accusative case (used for the object of a transitive verb), while the ergative case (used for the subject of a transitive verb) is marked by a suffix. In pronouns, on the other hand, the nominative and the ergative coincide in the bare stem form, while the accusative is marked by a suffix. Exceptionally, the third person dual and plural pronouns, as well as vowel-final proper and kin nouns, receive separate marking for each of these three cases. The ergative, if used with inanimate nouns, may also mark an instrument.

Nouns in Marra are marked by suffixes for one of six cases: nominative, ergative/instrumental/genitive, allative/locative, ablative, pergressive, and purposive. The nominative (') is used for intransitive subjects or transitive objects – such a case is usually called the "absolutive", though some languages to the south of Marra have an absolutive case that is distinct from this usage. The ergative or instrumental case (also ', though takes the non-nominative prefix) is used to mark the subject of a transitive verb (the usual meaning of "ergative") or to mark the object used to complete the action of the verb (the usual meaning of "instrumental"). This case, along with a genitive pronoun, is also used to mark possession (see below).

In 1993,Brouwer A. E.; Dejter I. J.; Thomassen C. "Highly symmetric subgraphs of hypercubes", J. Algebraic Combinat. 2, 22-25, 1993 Brouwer, Dejter and Thomassen described an undirected, bipartite graph with 112 vertices and 168 edges, (semi-symmetric, that is edge-transitive but not vertex-transitive, cubic graph with diameter 8, radius 7, chromatic number 2, chromatic index 3, girth 10, with exactly 168 cycles of length 10 and 168 cycles of length 12), known since 2002 as the Ljubljana graph. They also established that the Dejter graph,Klin M.; Lauri J.; Ziv-Av M. "Links between two semisymmetric graphs on 112 vertices through the lens of association schemes", Jour. Symbolic Comput., 47–10, 2012, 1175–1191.

In Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE), the Conversational state are the field values of a session bean plus the transitive closure of the objects reachable from the bean's fields. The name "conversational" is used as in this state the client interacts with the bean - a stateless session bean does not do so. For example, while a Cart bean might contain a conversational state to communicate with the client about the contents of their cart, an Order bean might not as the invocation is not necessary. The transitive closure of a bean is defined in terms of the serialization protocol for the Java programming language, that is, the fields that would be stored by serializing the bean instance.

Every set model of ZF is set-like and extensional. If the model is well-founded, then by the Mostowski collapse lemma it is isomorphic to a transitive model of ZF and such a transitive model is unique. Saying that the membership relation of some model of ZF is well- founded is stronger than saying that the axiom of regularity is true in the model. There exists a model M (assuming the consistency of ZF) whose domain has a subset A with no R-minimal element, but this set A is not a "set in the model" (A is not in the domain of the model, even though all of its members are).

A minor difference between the 2-SAT and initial stable set formulations is that the latter presupposes the choice of a fixed base point from the median graph that corresponds to the empty initial stable set. For a distributive lattice, the corresponding mixed graph has no undirected edges, and the initial stable sets are just the lower sets of the transitive closure of the graph. Equivalently, for a distributive lattice, the implication graph of the 2-satisfiability instance can be partitioned into two connected components, one on the positive variables of the instance and the other on the negative variables; the transitive closure of the positive component is the underlying partial order of the distributive lattice.

M11 has a sharply 4-transitive permutation representation on 11 points, whose point stabilizer is sometimes denoted by M10, and is a non-split extension of the form A6.2 (an extension of the group of order 2 by the alternating group A6). This action is the automorphism group of a Steiner system S(4,5,11). The induced action on unordered pairs of points gives a rank 3 action on 55 points. M11 has a 3-transitive permutation representation on 12 points with point stabilizer PSL2(11). The permutation representations on 11 and 12 points can both be seen inside the Mathieu group M12 as two different embeddings of M11 in M12, exchanged by an outer automorphism.

In Hungarian the word izé (a stem of ancient Uralic heritage) refers primarily to inanimate objects but sometimes also to people, places, concepts, or even adjectives. Hungarian is very hospitable to derivational processes and the izé- stem can be further extended to fit virtually any grammatical category, naturally forming a rich family of derivatives: e.g. izé whatchamacallit (noun), izés whatchamacallit-ish (adjective), izébb or izésebb more whatchamacallit(ish) (comparative adjective), izésen in a whatchamacallitish manner (adverb), izél to whatchamacallit something (transitive verb), izéltet to cause someone to whatchamacallit (transitive verb), izélget to whatchamacallit continually (often meaning: pester, bother - frequentative verb). (In slang izé and its verbal and nominal derivatives often take on sexual meanings).

Binyan hitpa'el is rather like binyan nif'al, in that all hitpa'el verbs are intransitive, and most have a reflexive sense. Indeed, many hitpa'el verbs are reflexive counterparts to other verbs with the same root; for example, הִתְרַחֵץ (to wash oneself) is the reflexive of רָחַץ (to wash, transitive), and הִתְגַּלֵּחַ (to shave oneself, i.e. to shave, intransitive) is the reflexive of גִּלֵּחַ (to shave, transitive). Some hitpaʕel verbs are a combination of causative and reflexive; for example,הִסְתַּפֵּר (to get one's hair cut) is the causative reflexive of סִפֵּר (to cut (hair)), and הִצְטַלֵּם (to get one's picture taken) is the causative reflexive of צִלֵּם (to take a picture (of someone or something)).

The transitive verbs (which employ the v- set) use the suffixal nominal marker -s- (as in a-shen-eb-s, ts'er-s) for the third person singular in present and future screeves. Intransitive verbs, the past and perfective screeves of the transitive and medial verbs, and indirect verbs, employ sets of vowels: in the indicative, i (strong) or e (weak) for the first/second person, o or a for the third person; in the subjunctive, the suffixal nominal marker is the same for all persons, generally e or o or, less frequently, a. The aorist intransitive form avashene, 'I built', has the structure, a-v-a-shen-Ø-e, characterized by preverb -a- and weak suffixal nominal marker -e-.

Nouns can be derived from verbs or from other nouns by a number of suffixes: atuar- "to read" + -fik "place" becomes atuarfik "school" and atuarfik + -tsialak "something good" becomes atuarfitsialak "good school". Since the possessive agreement suffixes on nouns and the transitive agreement suffixes on verbs in a number of instances have similar or identical shapes, there is even a theory that Greenlandic has a distinction between transitive and intransitive nouns, which id parallel to the same distinction in the verbs.Sadock (2003) p. 5For example, the suffix with the shape -aa means "his/hers/its" when it is suffixed to a noun but "him/her/it" when it is suffixed to a verb.

Nominal expressions containing such verbs are therefore ambiguous: for example, 'the movement of the flag' can refer either to the action of someone's moving the flag or to the resultant movement of the flag. As we only ever answer a question about what someone did by using transitive verbs --- e.g. 'Jack moved his arm', not 'Jack's arm moved' (unless the latter is taken to imply that the former is true) --- the slogan "all actions are bodily movements" is only true if 'movement' is read transitively. This ambiguity noted, Hornsby then points out that if A VT-s B, then A caused B to VI ('T' and 'I' serving to distinguish between transitive and intransitive uses of the relevant verbs).

There is an infinitive (morphologically coinciding with the 1st person singular, but syntactically forming a nominal phrase), four participles (present and past active, past passive, and future), and a gerund. Vowel and consonant alternations occur between the present and past stems of the verb and between intransitive and transitive forms. Intransitive and transitive verbs also differ in the endings they take in the past tense (in intransitive verbs, the construction is, in origin, a periphrastic combination of the past passive participle and the verb "to be"). There are also special verb forms, such as immediate future tense that is transmitted by adding -inag to the verb and the auxiliary verb meaning "to be".

Operations preserving word-representability are removing a vertex, replacing a vertex with a module, Cartesian product, rooted product, subdivision of a graph, connecting two graphs by an edge and gluing two graphs in a vertex . The operations not necessarily preserving word-representability are taking the complement, taking the line graph, edge contraction , gluing two graphs in a clique of size 2 or more , tensor product, lexicographic product and strong product I. Choi, J. Kim, and M. Kim. On operations preserving semi-transitive orient ability of graphs, Journal of Combinatorial Optimization 37 (2019) 4, 1351−1366.. Edge-deletion, edge-addition and edge-lifting with respect to word-representability (equivalently, semi-transitive orientability) are studied in .

For instance transitive reduction gives a new insights into the citation distributions found in different applications highlighting clear differences in the mechanisms creating citations networks in different contexts.. Another technique is main path analysis, which traces the citation links and suggests the most significant citation chains in a given citation graph.

Also original to Psychogenetics is the idea not only are "mommy's and daddy's" relationship style and habits imprinted in our unconscious; it's also possible and observable to find elements of the spousal habits of ancestral family generations imprinted on an individual's unconscious as well, due to a kind of transitive property.

The black box groups were introduced by Babai and Szemerédi in 1984. They were used as a formalism for (constructive) group recognition and property testing. Notable algorithms include the Babai's algorithm for finding random group elements,L. Babai, Local expansion of vertex-transitive graphs and random generation in finite groups, Proc.

A duum is a pair of complementary dodecads (12 point sets) in the Golay code. The subgroup fixing a duad is M12:2, order 190080, transitive and imprimitive. This subgroup was discovered by Frobenius. The subgroup M12 acts differently on 2 sets of 12, reflecting the outer automorphism of M12.

The syntax of Kanamarí is characterized by ergative–absolutive alignment. The absolutive argument (i.e. the subject of intransitive verbs and the object of transitive verbs) is unmarked for case, and usually appears following the verb phrase. : : If the absolutive argument is a pronoun it is represented by its free from.

Some verbs form number pairs, whereby the choice of the verb depends on the number of the absolutive participant (i.e., the subject of an intransitive verb or the patient of a transitive verb). The noun phrase which encodes the participant does not receive any overt marking. Subject number Tik yũm.

FIRST_NAME, g.LAST_NAME from GIRLS g, BOYS b where g.LAST_NAME=b.LAST_NAME; First-order logic is too restrictive for some database applications, for instance because of its inability to express transitive closure. This has led to more powerful constructs being added to database query languages, such as recursive WITH in SQL:1999.

Any such diagram (given that the vertices are labeled) uniquely determines a partial order, and any partial order has a unique transitive reduction, but there are many possible placements of elements in the plane, resulting in different Hasse diagrams for a given order that may have widely varying appearances. Knot diagram.

Thus, the Shrikhande graph is a toroidal graph. The embedding forms a regular map in the torus, with 32 triangular faces. The skeleton of the dual of this map (as embedded in the torus) is the Dyck graph, a cubic symmetric graph. The Shrikhande graph is not a distance-transitive graph.

Verbs are marked for grammatical aspect with suffixes. Valence is marked with both prefixes and suffixes. Some common intransitive verbs have suppletive forms for singular or plural subjects and some common transitive verbs have suppletive forms for singular or plural objects. Otherwise, there is no grammatical agreement marked by the verb.

Preferred word orders in a simple transitive sentence are verb- initial, such as verb–object–subject and verb–subject–object. While verb-final orders are dispreferred, all logically possible orders are attested.Valentine, J. Randolph, 2001, pp. 934–935. Complex inflectional and derivational morphology play a central role in Ojibwe grammar.

It is possible that these intransitive verbs are not distinguished from transitive verbs on the basis of theme animacy, and their theme referents typically will be inanimate. However, these verbs are more likely to refer to unplanned actions, in which case they will not occur in requests, imperatives, desideratives or prohibitions.

Verbs in Kwaio fall into two categories: active verbs, which describe actions, and stative verbs, which describe states. Active verbs can be broken up into two more categories, namely transitive and intransitive verbs. The verbs can generally be distinguished by the relationship with noun phrases that are in the sentence or clause.

A rectangle is cyclic: all corners lie on a single circle. It is equiangular: all its corner angles are equal (each of 90 degrees). It is isogonal or vertex-transitive: all corners lie within the same symmetry orbit. It has two lines of reflectional symmetry and rotational symmetry of order 2 (through 180°).

For example, a flag of a polyhedron comprises one vertex, one edge incident to that vertex, and one polygonal face incident to both, plus the two improper faces. A polytope may be regarded as regular if, and only if, its symmetry group is transitive on its flags. This definition excludes chiral polytopes.

An antiprism graph is a special case of a circulant graph, Ci2n(2,1). Other infinite sequences of polyhedral graph formed in a similar way from polyhedra with regular-polygon bases include the prism graphs (graphs of prisms) and wheel graphs (graphs of pyramids). Other vertex-transitive polyhedral graphs include the Archimedean graphs.

Journal of Psycholinguistic research, 26(3), pp.347-361.Example of utterance with transitive verb: ::Pat brought a box with a ribbon around it →to the party. ::Pat brought →to the party a box with a ribbon around it. Example of utterance with intransitive verb: ::Pat wrote something about Chris→ on the blackboard.

In the Mayan language K'iche', the core arguments of a clause are unmarked for case, and are cross-referenced by person markers on the verb. Person marking follows an ergative–absolutive pattern. Non-core participants are expressed by prepositional phrases. In the following transitive clause, the object "your mother" is the absolutive argument.

The graph is useful to understand coset enumeration and the Todd–Coxeter algorithm. Coset graphs can be used to form large permutation representations of groups and were used by Graham Higman to show that the alternating groups of large enough degree are Hurwitz groups, . Every vertex-transitive graph is a coset graph.

"For a relation in set S to be an equivalence relation [in algebra], it has to satisfy three conditions: it has to be reflexive ..., symmetrical ..., and transitive ..." . "Indeed, an informal notion of equivalence has always been part of music theory and analysis. PC set theory, however, has adhered to formal definitions of equivalence" .

Some languages have even more grammatical voices. For example, Classical Mongolian features five voices: active, passive, causative, reciprocal, and cooperative. Hebrew has active, passive, causative, causative-passive, intensive, intensive-passive and reflexive voices. The antipassive voice deletes or demotes the object of transitive verbs, and promotes the actor to an intransitive subject.

In graph theory, the McKay–Miller–Širáň graphs are an infinite class of vertex-transitive graphs with diameter two, and with a large number of vertices relative to their diameter and degree. They are named after Brendan McKay, Mirka Miller, and Jozef Širáň, who first constructed them using voltage graphs in 1998.

A principal homogeneous space of is a manifold abstractly characterized by having a free and transitive action of on . The Maurer-Cartan formIntroduced by Cartan (1904). gives an appropriate infinitesimal characterization of the principal homogeneous space. It is a one-form defined on satisfying an integrability condition known as the Maurer- Cartan equation.

The icosidodecahedron has 60 edges, all equivalent. There are four Archimedean solids with 60 vertices: the truncated icosahedron, the rhombicosidodecahedron, the snub dodecahedron, and the truncated dodecahedron. The skeletons of these polyhedra form 60-node vertex-transitive graphs. There are also two Archimedean solids with 60 edges: the snub cube and the icosidodecahedron.

Emil Artin (1957) Geometric Algebra, page 52 Then a line is parallel to itself so that the reflexive and transitive properties belong to this type of parallelism, creating an equivalence relation on the set of lines. In the study of incidence geometry, this variant of parallelism is used in the affine plane.

Klin M.; Lauri J.; Ziv-Av M. "Links between two semisymmetric graphs on 112 vertices through the lens of association schemes", Jour. Symbolic Comput., 47–10, 2012, 1175–1191. In 1972, Bouwer was already talking of a 112-vertices edge- but not vertex-transitive cubic graph found by R. M. Foster, nonetheless unpublished.

A few varieties of Zapotec have passive morphology, shown by a prefix on the verb. Compare Texmelucan Zapotec root /o/ 'eat' and its passive stem /dug-o/ 'be eaten', with the prefix /dug-/.Speck 1978:32, simplifying somewhat. In many other cases, the transitive-intransitive verb pairs are appropriately described as causative vs.

If u is empty, then x is ranked and we are done. Otherwise, apply the axiom of regularity to u to get an element w of u which is disjoint from u. Since w is in u, w is unranked. w is a subset of t by the definition of transitive closure.

Verbs do not change form according to their subject. I am, we are, and he is are simply mi estas, ni estas, and li estas, respectively. Impersonal subjects are not used: pluvas (it is raining); estas muso en la domo (there's a mouse in the house). Most verbs are inherently transitive or intransitive.

After they hit the ground, they are falinta (fallen). Active and passive pairs can be illustrated with the transitive verb haki (to chop). Picture a woodsman approaching a tree with an axe, intending to chop it down. He is hakonta (about to chop) and the tree is hakota (about to be chopped).

A binary relation that is antisymmetric, transitive, and reflexive (but not necessarily total) is a partial order. A group with a compatible total order is a totally ordered group. There are only a few nontrivial structures that are (interdefinable as) reducts of a total order. Forgetting the orientation results in a betweenness relation.

Similarly, a right Euclidean relation is right unique if, and only if, it is anti- symmetric. # A left Euclidean and left unique relation is vacuously transitive, and so is a right Euclidean and right unique relation. # A left Euclidean relation is left quasi-reflexive. For left-unique relations, the converse also holds.

The imperative mood is used to issue orders and is always combined with the second person. The optative is used to express wishes or exhortations and is never used with the second person. There is a negative imperative form used to issue prohibitions. Both optative and imperative have transitive and intransitive paradigms.

Dependent verbs are formed by prefixing the dependent verb root to one of about 40 different auxiliary elements. Each auxiliary element has a vague meaning but some have meanings such as "transitive" ', "reciprocal" ', "intransitive" ', "involuntary action" '. :' :'''' :get.drunk- :"he gets drunk" Dependent verbs inflect only for pluralization, but do so in complex ways.

Markus Kupferblum, "Menschen, masken, Charaktere: the Arbeit mit Masken am Theater", in: Eva Kreissl (ed.), Die Macht der Maske. Weitra, Austria: Bibliothek der Provinz Verlag für Literatur, Kunst und Musikalien, 2007, p. 165, 193n. Other related forms are Hebrew masecha= "mask"; Arabic maskhara مَسْخَرَ = "he ridiculed, he mocked", masakha مَسَخَ = "he transfomed" (transitive).

While all these notions are incompatible with Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory (ZFC), their \Pi^V_2 consequences do not appear to be false. There is no known inconsistency with ZFC in asserting that, for example: For every ordinal λ, there is a transitive model of ZF + Berkeley cardinal that is closed under λ sequences.

In rare cases, such as the Australian Aboriginal language Nhanda, different nominal elements may follow a different case-alignment template. In Nhanda, common nouns have ergative-absolutive alignment—like in most Australian languages—but most pronouns instead follow a nominative- accusative template. In Nhanda, absolutive case has a null suffix while ergative case is marked with some allomorph of the suffixes -nggu or -lu. See the common noun paradigm at play below: Intransitive Subject (ABS) Transitive Subject-Object (ERG-ABS) Compare the above examples with the case marking of pronouns in Nhanda below, wherein all subjects (regardless of verb transitivity) are marked (in this case with a null suffix) the same for case while transitive objects take the accusative suffix -nha.

The Scottish Gaelic nominative case is also an example of a direct case, which evolved as the accusative became indistinguishable in both speech and writing from the nominative as a result of phonetic change. The situation in the Irish language is similar, though some pronouns retain a distinction (e.g. "you" (singular) - nominative tú, accusative thú) In languages of the Philippines, and in related languages with Austronesian alignment, the direct case is the case of the argument of an intransitive clause (S), and may be used for either argument of a transitive clause (agent or patient), depending on the voice of the verb. The other transitive argument will be in either the ergative or accusative case if different cases are used for those roles.

Ikpeng has two different methods to determine increasing valency through causatives related to the verb: the morphological causative, which is added as an affix to the verb, and the lexicalized causative, which uses an independent causative verb and another word is added as sentence complement (Pacheco, 2001). Morphological causatives (affixes) are used to change both transitive verb sentences and intransitive verb sentences to transitive causative verbs and intransitive causative verbs respectively (2001). The morpheme used for the affix is /-nopo/, with allomorphs such as /nop/ or /nob/ when inserted after a vowel, /pon/ and /poŋ/ after consonants, and /mpo/ which can be explained as an assimilation of the nasal sound (n) in /nopo/ (2001). Below are examples of the construction of the causative verb using morphemes.

Semi-transitive orientations provide a powerful tool to study word-representable graphs. A directed graph is semi-transitively oriented iff it is acyclic and for any directed path u1→u2→ ...→ut, t ≥ 2, either there is no edge from u1 to ut or all edges ui → uj exist for 1 ≤ i < j ≤ t. A key theorem in the theory of word-representable graphs states that a graph is word-representable iff it admits a semi-transitive orientation . As a corollary to the proof of the key theorem one obtain an upper bound on word-representants: Each non-complete word-representable graph G is 2(n − κ(G))-representable, where κ(G) is the size of a maximal clique in G .

This functional dependency may suggest that the attribute EngineCapacity be placed in a relation with candidate key VIN. However, that may not always be appropriate. For example, if that functional dependency occurs as a result of the transitive functional dependencies VIN → VehicleModel and VehicleModel → EngineCapacity then that would not result in a normalized relation.

Tense in Wuvulu-Aua may also be implied by using time adverbials and aspectual markings. Wuvulu contains three verbal markers to indicate sequence of events. The preverbal adverbial loʔo 'first' indicates the verb occurs before any other. The postverbal morpheme liai and linia are the respective intransitive and transitive suffixes indicating a repeated action.

A basic example is a covering map (in fact, a fibration is a generalization of a covering map). If E is a principal G-bundle, that is, a space with a free and transitive (topological) group action of a (topological) group, then the projection map p: E \to X is an example of a fibration.

113 Transitive verbs encode the gender of the grammatical object, and intransitive verbs encode the gender of the grammatical subject, creating a set of four verb subclasses.Valentine, J. Randolph, 2001, pp. 114–121, 130–135 The distinction between the two genders also affects verbs through agreement patterns for number and gender.Valentine, J. Randolph, 2001, pp.

Other ways of disambiguating the arguments of a transitive predicate (subject agreement, word order restriction, context, intonation, etc.) may explain this cross-linguistic observation. De Hoop and Malchukov argue that case systems that are completely based on the identification function must be richer in case morphology compared to languages based mainly on the distinguishing function.

The term antipassive is applied to a wide range of grammatical structures and is therefore difficult to define. R. M. W. Dixon has nonetheless proposed four criteria for determining whether a construction is an antipassive:Dixon, R.M.W. (1994). Ergativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. # It applies to clauses containing traditionally transitive predicates and forms a derived intransitive.

Praeger's key research is in Group Theory and Combinatorics, including Analysis of algorithms and complexity, Discrete Mathematics and Geometry. She was first published in 1970 while still an undergraduate. As of January 2020, she has 412 publications total. She has co-authored several papers on symmetric graphs and distance- transitive graphs with Tony Gardiner.

For example: :(1a) Mary (S) is knitting. :(1b) Mary (A) is knitting a scarf (O). This type of ambitransitive does not show a causative relationship. For patientive ambitransitives (also called S=O ambitransitives), such as trip and spill, the S of the intransitive corresponds to the O of the transitive: :(2a) The milk (S) spilled.

Thus for transitive verbs HNPS results in early commitment and favors the listener. Vp (prepositional verbs): can take an NP object or an immediately following PP with no NP object 5a. Pat VP[wrote NP[something about Chris] PP[ [on the blackboard . 5b. Pat VP[wrote PP[on the blackboard] NP[ [something about Chris.

If l, m, n are three distinct lines, then l \parallel m \ \land \ m \parallel n \ \implies \ l \parallel n . In this case, parallelism is a transitive relation. However, in case l = n, the superimposed lines are not considered parallel in Euclidean geometry. The binary relation between parallel lines is evidently a symmetric relation.

This condition is described in the phase impenetrability condition, which has been variously formulated within the literature. In its original conception, only the vP in transitive and unergative verbs constitute phases. The vP in passives and unaccusative verbs (if even present) are not phases. This topic is, however, currently under debate in the literature.

Every set formed at stage n can also be formed at every stage greater than n.Boolos (1998:88). Hence the stages form a nested and well-ordered sequence, and would form a hierarchy if set membership were transitive. The iterative conception has gradually become more accepted, despite an imperfect understanding of its historical origins.

In set theory, a discipline within mathematics, an admissible set is a transitive set A\, such that \langle A,\in \rangle is a model of Kripke–Platek set theory (Barwise 1975). The smallest example of an admissible set is the set of hereditarily finite sets. Another example is the set of hereditarily countable sets.

Sanskrit has ten classes of verbs divided into two broad groups: intransitive and transitive. The thematic verbs are so called because an a, called the theme vowel, is inserted between the stem and the ending. This serves to make the thematic verbs generally more regular. Exponents used in verb conjugation include prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and reduplication.

These include Withers' condition for strong mixing, Tran's "absolute regularity in the locally transitive sense," and Birkel's "asymptotic quadrant independence." Weak dependence also functions as a substitute for strong mixing. Again, generalizations of the latter are specializations of the former; an example is Rosenblatt's mixing condition. Other uses include a generalization of the Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund inequality and Rosenthal inequalities.

These clusters occur in Koasati due to the use of locative prefixes that end in a vowel and class 1A negative transitive verbs since these do not undergo the processes of metathesis and vowel deletion. Clusters beginning with /a:/ and /i:/ are most frequent, and all clusters are generally spoken with a glottal stop between vowels.

" This form is the most productive and is used with loanwords. For example: mahlenih, deriving from German mahlen, means "to paint, draw." Some transitive verbs ending in short final vowels have intransitive counterparts that lack those endings; again, ablaut and reduplication often differentiate. Examples include langa > lang, "to hang up," doakoa > dok, "to spear," and rese > rasaras, "to sharpen.

The basic constituent order is subject–object–verb. It is predominantly a head-marking language with agglutinative morphology and some fusion. Kulina is a head-final language and contains many more suffixes than prefixes. There are two noun classes and two genders and agreement on transitive verbs is determined by a number of complex factors, both syntactic and pragmatic.

In the episode "Andy's Ancestry" from the United States television show The Office, Dwight Schrute created the Dothraki phrase "throat rip" by putting "throat" in the accusative and placing it in front of the transitive verb. Compounds of this sort are a form of object incorporation. Peterson adopted this technique and called it the "Schrutean compound".

The two leading concepts are interpretation and understanding. Interpretation is a rational activity directed toward the cognitive aim of correct or adequate understanding. (The product of this activity is also called ‘an interpretation.) ‘To interpret’ and ‘to understand’ are transitive verbs; understanding, like interpretation, has an object. One understands something (x), or one fails to understand it.

Much more can be said about the correspondence between homogeneous systems of imprimitivity and cocycles. When the action of G on X is transitive however, the correspondence takes a particularly explicit form based on the representation obtained by restricting the cocycle Φ to a fixed point subgroup of the action. We consider this case in the next section.

In tripartite languages, both the agent and object of a transitive clause have case forms, ergative and accusative, and the agent of an intransitive clause is the unmarked citation form. It is occasionally called the intransitive case, but absolutive is also used and is perhaps more accurate since it is not limited to core agents of intransitive verbs.

However, a serial relation that is symmetric and transitive can be shown to be reflexive. In this case the relation is an equivalence relation. If a strict order is serial, then it has no maximal element. In Euclidean and affine geometry, the serial property of the relation of parallel lines ( m \parallel n ) is expressed by Playfair's axiom.

Tibetan grammarians refer to these categories as tha-dad-pa and tha-mi-dad-pa respectively. Although these two categories often seem to overlap with the English grammatical concepts of transitive and intransitive, most modern writers on Tibetan grammar have adopted the terms "voluntary" and "involuntary", based on native Tibetan descriptions. Most involuntary verbs lack an imperative stem.

In the Northern Kurdish language Kurmanji, the ergative case is marked on agents and verbs of transitive verbs in past tenses, for the events actually occurred in the past. Present, future and "future in the past" tenses show no ergative mark neither for agents nor the verbs. For example: :(1) Ez diçim. (I go) :(2) Ez wî dibînim.

Latin is an exact language for obscene acts, such as pedicabo and irrumabo, which appear in the first and last lines of the poem. The term pedicare is a transitive verb, meaning to "insert one's penis into another person's anus". The term cinaedus in line 2 refers to the "bottom" person in that act, i.e., the one being penetrated.

M22 is one of the 26 sporadic groups and was introduced by . It is a 3-fold transitive permutation group on 22 objects. The Schur multiplier of M22 is cyclic of order 12, and the outer automorphism group has order 2. There are several incorrect statements about the 2-part of the Schur multiplier in the mathematical literature.

M23 is one of the 26 sporadic groups and was introduced by . It is a 4-fold transitive permutation group on 23 objects. The Schur multiplier and the outer automorphism group are both trivial. calculated the integral cohomology, and showed in particular that M23 has the unusual property that the first 4 integral homology groups all vanish.

The transitive property of inequality states that for any real numbers a, b, c: : If a ≤ b and b ≤ c, then a ≤ c. If either of the premises is a strict inequality, then the conclusion is a strict inequality: : If a ≤ b and b < c, then a < c. : If a < b and b ≤ c, then a < c.

The action is transitive and so all cycles are Lie equivalent. In particular, points are not preserved by general Lie transformations. The subgroup of Lie transformations preserving the point cycles is essentially the subgroup of orthogonal transformations which preserve the chosen timelike direction. This subgroup is isomorphic to the group O(3,1) of Möbius transformations of the sphere.

224 is a 4-dimensional polytope which is vertex-transitive and whose cells are uniform polyhedra, and faces are regular polygons. Forty-seven non-prismatic convex uniform 4-polytopes, one finite set of convex prismatic forms, and two infinite sets of convex prismatic forms have been described. There are also an unknown number of non-convex star forms.

In mathematics, a tolerance relation is a relation that is reflexive and symmetric, but not necessarily transitive; a set X that possesses a tolerance relation can be described as a tolerance space. Tolerance relations provide a convenient general tool for studying indiscernibility/indistinguishability phenomena. The importance of those for mathematics had been first recognized by Poincaré.

Most verbs can occur in intransitive and transitive constructions. Klon speakers seldom use ditransitive clauses. Only the verb en 'to give' is always ditransitive (trivalent). In en constructions, the Primary Undergoer, the recipient, is indicated by a pronominal prefix on the verb; the Secondary Undergoer, the theme, occurs as a full NP. :Bapak ak n- en na kde.

Let be a binary relation on set . The transitive extension of , denoted , is the smallest binary relation on such that contains , and if and then . For example, suppose is a set of towns, some of which are connected by roads. Let be the relation on towns where if there is a road directly linking town and town .

A uniform antiprism has, apart from the base faces, 2n equilateral triangles as faces. Uniform antiprisms form an infinite class of vertex- transitive polyhedra, as do uniform prisms. For we have the regular tetrahedron as a digonal antiprism (degenerate antiprism), and for the regular octahedron as a triangular antiprism (non-degenerate antiprism). Dual polyhedra of antiprisms are trapezohedra.

Mori Bawah has two valency-reducing voice types, passive voice and antipassive voice. If a transitive verb is marked for passive voice with the infix , it becomes formally intransitive, and O (the "object") becomes the S-argument. The original A-argument cannot be mentioned at all. : In antipassive voice, the verb takes the prefix poN-.

The Bidiakis cube is not a vertex-transitive graph and its full automorphism group is isomorphic to the dihedral group of order 8, the group of symmetries of a square, including both rotations and reflections. The characteristic polynomial of the Bidiakis cube is (x-3)(x-2)(x^4)(x+1)(x+2)(x^2+x-4)^2.

"Become happy") or as having a transitive verb followed by a noun direct object (e.g. "Buy Glad garbage bags"). Significantly enough, structural ambiguities may be created by design when one understands the kinds of syntactic structures that will lead to ambiguity, however for the respective interpretations to work, they must be compatible with semantic and pragmatic contextual factors.

Abui has a semantic alignment driven by the semantic features of the participants. A language with such a 'fluid alignment' is often referred to as an active–stative language. In semantic alignment, instigating, controlling and volitional participants are realized as the A argument in both transitive and intransitive construction. In Abui, they are expressed with NPs and free pronouns.

The full proof requires the classification of finite simple groups, but some special cases have been known for much longer. It is a classical result of Jordan that the symmetric and alternating groups (of degree k and k + 2 respectively), and M12 and M11 are the only sharply k-transitive permutation groups for k at least 4\.

In mathematics, a Klein geometry is a type of geometry motivated by Felix Klein in his influential Erlangen program. More specifically, it is a homogeneous space X together with a transitive action on X by a Lie group G, which acts as the symmetry group of the geometry. For background and motivation see the article on the Erlangen program.

Standard Japanese uses the same grammar form to form the progressive and the continuous aspect, specifically by using the -te iru form of a verb. Depending on the transitivity of the verb, they are interpreted as either progressive or continuous. For example: Intransitive: : : :The pen is in the bag (continuous). Transitive: : : :He is eating dinner (progressive).

Yagua is one language that has dedicated morphology for applicative uses. Here, the applicative suffix -ta shows that the locative or instrumental oblique is now a direct object: : : This same -ta suffix can be used with transitive verbs to create ditransitives: : : These behave identically as other lexical ditransitives, such as give and send in this language.

Etymologically, kåt is an example of pejoration, as the Icelandic cognate kátur simply means "glad". ;Sätta på :Vulgar phrasal verb with stress on the verbal particle, meaning "to bang, screw" in transitive use (usually said of males). The phrase can also be used in the non-vulgar sense "to turn on (a device)", a source of sexual innuendos.

A property is a characteristic of a class - a directed binary relation that specifies some attribute which is true for instances of that class. Properties sometimes act as data values, or links to other instances. Properties may exhibit logical features, for example, by being transitive, symmetric, inverse and functional. Properties may also have domains and ranges.

In the lowland of the Maritsa river there are meadow–cinnamon soils. Meadow–alluvial soils are also to be found (the most fertile ones), as well as meadow–marsh ones. The territory of Municipality Parvomay belongs to the area of transitive Mediterranean climate. The average temperature in January is 1˚С, and about 25˚ С in July.

In geometry, the triangular orthobicupola is one of the Johnson solids (J27). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by attaching two triangular cupolas (J3) along their bases. It has an equal number of squares and triangles at each vertex; however, it is not vertex-transitive. It is also called an anticuboctahedron, twisted cuboctahedron or disheptahedron.

In economics, a utility function is often used to represent a preference structure such that u\left(A\right)\geqslant u\left(B\right) if and only if A \succsim B. The idea is to associate each class of indifference with a real number such that, if one class is preferred to the other, then the number of the first one is greater than that of the second one. When a preference order is both transitive and complete, then it is standard practice to call it a rational preference relation, and the people who comply with it are rational agents. A transitive and complete relation is called a weak order (or total preorder). The literature on preferences is far from being standardized regarding terms such as complete, partial, strong, and weak.

The verb alignment is active-stative – there are two series of pronominal affixes on verbs, one that indicates subjects of active verbs which report events or happenings, whether they are transitive or intransitive, and another which signals both the object of transitive verbs and also the subject of stative intransitive verbs, verbs which refer to states and not to events or happenings, as the active verbs do. Indicative, negative, and irrealis verbs have distinct morphological markings of their own for personal pronoun subject agreement. There is also distinct morphology signaling verbs of subordinate clauses. Nivaclé distinguishes first person plural inclusive (‘we all’, ‘our [our (all)]’) and exclusive (‘we’ [I/we and other(s), but not including you], ‘ours’ [but not including yours]) in pronouns, in possessive morphology and in verbs.

In mathematics, in the realm of group theory, a group is said to be a CA-group or centralizer abelian group if the centralizer of any nonidentity element is an abelian subgroup. Finite CA-groups are of historical importance as an early example of the type of classifications that would be used in the Feit–Thompson theorem and the classification of finite simple groups. Several important infinite groups are CA-groups, such as free groups, Tarski monsters, and some Burnside groups, and the locally finite CA-groups have been classified explicitly. CA-groups are also called commutative-transitive groups (or CT- groups for short) because commutativity is a transitive relation amongst the non-identity elements of a group if and only if the group is a CA-group.

The Möbius–Kantor graph is also a Cayley graph. The generalized Petersen graph G(n,k) is vertex-transitive if and only if n = 10 and k =2 or if k2 ≡ ±1 (mod n) and is edge-transitive only in the following seven cases: (n,k) = (4,1), (5,2), (8,3), (10,2), (10,3), (12,5), or (24,5) . So the Möbius–Kantor graph is one of only seven symmetric Generalized Petersen graphs. Its symmetric double torus embedding is correspondingly one of only seven regular cubic maps in which the total number of vertices is twice the number of vertices per face . Among the seven symmetric generalized Petersen graphs are the cubical graph G(4,1), the Petersen graph G(5,2), the dodecahedral graph G(10,2), the Desargues graph G(10,3) and the Nauru graph G(12,5).

Mirsky's theorem can be restated in terms of directed acyclic graphs (representing a partially ordered set by reachability of their vertices), as the statement that there exists a graph homomorphism from a given directed acyclic graph G to a k-vertex transitive tournament if and only if there does not exist a homomorphism from a (k + 1)-vertex path graph to G. For, the largest path graph that has a homomorphism to G gives the longest chain in the reachability ordering, and the sets of vertices with the same image in a homomorphism to a transitive tournament form a partition into antichains. This statement generalizes to the case that G is not acyclic, and is a form of the Gallai–Hasse–Roy–Vitaver theorem on graph colorings and orientations .

The Coffman–Graham algorithm performs the following steps. #Represent the partial order by its transitive reduction or covering relation, a directed acyclic graph that has an edge from x to y whenever and there does not exist any third element of the partial order for which . In the graph drawing applications of the Coffman–Graham algorithm, the resulting directed acyclic graph may not be the same as the graph being drawn, and in the scheduling applications it may not have an edge for every precedence constraint of the input: in both cases, the transitive reduction removes redundant edges that are not necessary for defining the partial order. #Construct a topological ordering of in which the vertices are ordered lexicographically by the set of positions of their incoming neighbors.

Example 3A: s-ese-pɨbor-a-ra õt 3s-COM-arrive-THEM-Resum I 'I arrived again bringing it'/'I arrived again with it' The transitivizer in Mekéns increases valency. It works by applying the suffix “-ka” to adjective and uninflectible verb stems, creating transitive verb stems. Moving from Example 4A to 4B, “-ka” is added to an adjective stem “perop” (beans). When the object and/or subject is unspecified or implicitly known in a sentence, uninflectible verbs are normally employed. Example 4A: kobo perop bean cooked ‘cooked beans’ Example 4B: kobo perop-ka-t beans cooked-TR-past ‘he/she cooked the beans’ The second transitivizer suffix, “-kwa”, is similar to “-ka”, in that it creates transitive verb stems from adjective and uninflectible verb stems (Galucio, 2001, 101).

A verb from noun creates a sentence that means "to be noun or adjective" when adding a -i. When the suffix is combined with the fa- prefix it can change the meaning of the sentence to "to cause/let something become noun or adjective". ex: fei muro the stone ʔi=na-muro-i 3SG=REAL-stone-DER ‘It is stone.’ ʔi=na-fa-muro-i-na larua 3SG=REAL-CAUS- stone-DER-TR PRON.3DU ‘She turned the two to stone.’ As for the Wuvulu intransitive verbs from transitive verbs, they add the causative marker -fa. ex: ʔi=na-poni 3SG=REAL-run ‘He ran.’ ʔi=na-fa-poni=a 3SG=REAL-CAUS-run=3SG ‘She made it run.’ Transitive Transitive verbs can come from adjectives when adding the causative marker -fa. ex: ʔi=na-fa-rawani=nia 3SG=REAL-CAUS- good=3SG ‘He treated her well.’ ʔi=na-fa-afelo=ia 3SG=REAL-CAUS-bad=3SG ‘He destroyed it (lit. caused it to be bad).’ Preverbal morphology "Preverbal morphemes within the Wuvulu verb phrase, consists of positions for subject clitics, and inflectional prefixes denoting mood/aspect and direction" ex: (SUBJECT=) (MOOD/ASPECT-) (DIRECTION-) VERB (-ADVERBIAL) (=OBJECT) (-DIRECTIONAL) Generally, the Wuvulu family language, Oceanic, tends to have pre-verbal morphemes that are free or prefixed.

The transitive closure of a given DAG, with vertices and edges, may be constructed in time by using either breadth-first search or depth-first search to test reachability from each vertex., p. 495. Alternatively, it can be solved in time where is the exponent for fast matrix multiplication algorithms; this is a theoretical improvement over the bound for dense graphs., p. 496.

In a sentence such as "Sally runs", the predicate is "runs", because it is the word that predicates a specific state about its argument "Sally". Some verbs such as "curse" can take two arguments, e.g. "Sally cursed John". A predicate that can only take a single argument is called intransitive, while a predicate that can take two arguments is called transitive.

Christ has his lips slightly parted, as if he would like to speak to the viewer. Correggio's bold reassessment of the theme filled the face of Christ an intense pathos. He looks at the viewers, as if to implore their mercy. According to art historian John Shearman this kind of depiction is a typical example of a "transitive work", i.e.

Verbs are divided into classes depending on the transitivity and animacy of their argument(s). Transitivity of a verb affects how many arguments are affixed to the verb. Notice in the examples below the usage of the transitive form requires the addition of INAN, the inanimate marker for the object (the shoes). Verbal inflection also depends on "orders" like imperative.

A hierarchical query is a type of SQL query that handles hierarchical model data. They are special cases of more general recursive fixpoint queries, which compute transitive closures. In standard SQL:1999 hierarchical queries are implemented by way of recursive common table expressions (CTEs). Unlike Oracle's earlier connect-by clause, recursive CTEs were designed with fixpoint semantics from the beginning.

Most of these can be represented with operations like alternation of other uniform polytopes. Vertex figures for single-ringed Coxeter diagrams can be constructed from the diagram by removing the ringed node, and ringing neighboring nodes. Such vertex figures are themselves vertex-transitive. Multiringed polytopes can be constructed by a slightly more complicated construction process, and their topology is not a uniform polytope.

Crow has postpositional phrases, with the postposition often occurring as a prefix to the following verb. There is no distinct category of adjectives; instead, stative verbs function as noun phrase modifiers. Crow is an active–stative language, with verbs divided into two classes, active (both transitive and intransitive) and stative, largely on semantic grounds. This is also often called a "split intransitive" language.

Pronominal enclitics are suffixes which have several functions and can be attached to verbs, descriptors, appositions, interrogatives, negatives and nouns. The numbers are: singular, dual and plural with a feminine/masculine distinction in the first person. They mark verbs for person, number, case and voice. The "ergative" enclitcs imply an active transitive situation and the "accusative" implies a passive intransitive situation.

The semantics for the common knowledge operator, then, is given by taking, for each group of agents G, the reflexive and transitive closure of the R_i, for all agents i in G, call such a relation R_G, and stipulating that C_G \varphi is true at state s iff \varphi is true at all states t such that (s,t) \in R_G.

However, j might be different from the ultrapower(s) arising from such filter(s). If N and M are the same and j is the identity function on N, then j is called "trivial". If transitive class N is an inner model of ZFC and j has no critical point, i.e. every ordinal maps to itself, then j is trivial.

A regular skew dodecagon is vertex-transitive with equal edge lengths. In 3-dimensions it will be a zig- zag skew dodecagon and can be seen in the vertices and side edges of a hexagonal antiprism with the same D5d, [2+,10] symmetry, order 20. The dodecagrammic antiprism, s{2,24/5} and dodecagrammic crossed-antiprism, s{2,24/7} also have regular skew dodecagons.

Object suffixes are often used with transitive verbs. These object suffixes are u , mu , a , i'a , ta , lai- mai , mu'i. Because the object pronoun usually comes in order after the subject pronoun, the object suffix is sometimes dropped without confusing the meaning. If the object pronoun comes first because of emphasis, the correct object suffix must be used to make the meaning clear.

There is necessarily a subject noun phrase except in the case of imperative constructions. There is then the possibility of an internal adverb thereafter followed by an optionally appearing aspect marker. For transitive verbs, a direct object may appear after the aspect marker which is followed by the verb. The verb is the minimal utterance of the Yalunka language. e.g.

Like many other Mayan languages, Qʼeqchiʼ is an ergative–absolutive language, which means that the object of a transitive verb is grammatically treated the same way as the subject of an intransitive verb. Individual morphemes and morpheme-by-morpheme glosses in this section are given in IPA, while "full words," or orthographic forms, are given in the Guatemalan Academy of Mayan Languages orthography.

Due to the dominance of the Google search engine, to google became a transitive verb. The neologism commonly refers to searching for information on the World Wide Web using the Google search engine. The American Dialect Society chose it as the "most useful word of 2002." It was added to the Oxford English Dictionary on June 15, 2006,Bylund, Anders.

Conder, Malnič, Marušič, Pisanski and Potočnik rediscovered this 112-vertices graph in 2002 and named it the Ljubljana graph after the capital of Slovenia.Conder, M.; Malnič, A.; Marušič, D.; Pisanski, T.; and Potočnik, P. "The Ljubljana Graph." 2002. . They proved that it was the unique 112-vertices edge- but not vertex-transitive cubic graph and therefore that was the graph found by Foster.

Cuneiform inscription Lugal Kiengi Kiuri , "King of Sumer and Akkad", on a seal of Sumerian king Shulgi (r. c. 2094–2047 BCE). The final ke4 is the composite of -k (genitive case) and -e (ergative case). In grammar, the ergative case (abbreviated ) is the grammatical case that identifies the noun as a subject of a transitive verb in ergative–absolutive languages.

In transitive constructions with the possessor applicative -łt (-pra), the object marking on the predicate indicates the possessor, rather than the possessed, such as in Examples 1a and 1b below. In some cases, as in Example 1c below, -łt (-pra) serves to indicate a dative construction. In these cases, the role of the object shifts to dative (Bischoff, 2011, p. 30-31).

In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Brouwer-Haemers graph is a 20-regular undirected graph with 81 vertices and 810 edges. It is a strongly regular graph, a distance-transitive graph, and a Ramanujan graph. Although its construction is folklore, it was named after Andries Brouwer and Willem H. Haemers, who proved its uniqueness as a strongly regular graph.

SG.PAT- kick- PUNC 'You kicked me.' In the non-reflexive transitive form there is a pronominal prefix, /sk-/ that indicates the subject ('you') and the object ('me'). In the reflexive form, there is only one participant in the act of kicking ('me'), so the intransitive form of the pronominal prefix is used, /k-/. A reflexive action is something that you do to yourself.

It is the smallest distance-regular graph that is not distance-transitive.. The automorphism group of the Shrikhande graph is of order 192. It acts transitively on the vertices, on the edges and on the arcs of the graph. Therefore, the Shrikhande graph is a symmetric graph. The characteristic polynomial of the Shrikhande graph is : (x-6)(x-2)^6(x+2)^9.

In the verbal morphology, tense, mood and person (of the subject) are marked by suffixes (and sometimes fused into portmanteau suffix forms). Object indices of transitive verbs are represented by particles preceding the verb (third person is zero). Number is not marked in these subject and object indices, but a plural subject may be indicated through a verbal periphrasis serving this function.

In Version 2 of the D programming language, two keywords relating to const exist. The `immutable` keyword denotes data that cannot be modified through any reference. The `const` keyword denotes a non-mutable view of mutable data. Unlike C++ `const`, D `const` and `immutable` are "deep" or transitive, and anything reachable through a `const` or `immutable` object is `const` or `immutable` respectively.

A triangle is non-degenerate if each of its edges has positive length, so it may be assumed that both a and b are greater than 0. Therefore, a2 + b2 < a2 + 2ab + b2 ≤ c2, and the transitive relation may be reduced further to a2 + b2 < c2. On the other hand, it is also known from the Pythagorean theorem that a2 + b2 = c2.

In mereology, an area of philosophical logic, the term gunk applies to any whole whose parts all have further proper parts. That is, a gunky object is not made of indivisible atoms or simples. Because parthood is transitive, any part of gunk is itself gunk. If point-sized objects are always simple, then a gunky object does not have any point-sized parts.

Ludlow's PhD dissertation defended a proposal dating back to the medieval logician Jean Buridan, and revived by W.V.O. Quine in philosophy and James McCawley in linguistics, according to which so-called "intensional transitive verbs" like "seek" and "want" are really propositional attitudes in disguise. He has subsequently developed these ideas in collaboration with the linguists Richard Larson and Marcel den Dikken.

Verbs inflect for aspects and moods as well as for person and number of the subject and the object. There are also a number of suffixes expressing shape, position, or body parts that affect or are affected by the verbal action. Transitivity is manipulated by suffixes forming transitive verbs with applicative or causative meaning or intransitives with passive or inchoative meanings.

There are variants of modular decomposition for undirected graphs and directed graphs. For each undirected graph, this decomposition is unique. This notion can be generalized to other structures (for example directed graphs) and is useful to design efficient algorithms for the recognition of some graph classes, for finding transitive orientations of comparability graphs, for optimization problems on graphs, and for graph drawing.

Within the Oceanic languages, Wuvulu has one of the most complex morphology. Unlike their ancestor language, Proto-Oceanic language, Wuvulu doesn't use derivational morphology. It gets verb derivation from nouns and adjectives. Wuvulu also gets their transitive verbs from their intransitive verbs To get verb derivation from nouns/or adjectives (intransitive) and adjectives by adding a suffix (-i) to the noun or adjective.

Tundra Nenets is predominantly a head- final SOV language. Verb finality is the primary constraint on word order. Below are examples of the basic word order for a transitive and intransitive sentence. However, although most simple sentences have SOV order, a more general trend is for the informationally new element to be immediately preverbal and to be preceded by the informationally old element.

The verb system is very intricate with the following tenses: present, simple past, past progressive, present perfect, and past perfect. The sentence construction of Pashto has similarities with some other Indo-Iranian languages such as Prakrit and Bactrian. The possessor precedes the possessed in the genitive construction. The verb generally agrees with the subject in both transitive and intransitive sentences.

In economic theory, the money pump argument is a thought experiment intended to show that rational behavior requires transitive preferences: If one prefers A to B and B to C, then one should not prefer C to A. Standard economic theory assumes that preferences are transitive. However, many people have argued that intransitive preferences are quite common, and often observed in real world settings. A cognitive bias is called the focusing effect: people focus on one characteristic which stands out in order to make decisions In choosing potential mates, candidate A is more beautiful/handsome than candidate B. B is wealthier then C. C is far better attuned on a personal level than A – the hearts meet. Then choices could be intransitive because instead of evaluating the whole package, people focus on one characteristic which distinguishes between two candidates to make decisions.

In order to clarify his philosophical proposal Peña has set up several systems of sentential and quantificational logic which he calls «transitive logic», TL, as partial implementations of his programme. TL is characterized by a couple of negations, one strong («not at all»), which has all classical properties, and a weak one (a mere «not»), which is degree-sensitive. The fragment of TL without strong negation is a non-conservative extension of Alan Ross Anderson and Nuel Belnap's logic of relevance, E, (by adding the funnel principle, namely that either A implies B or else A; in other words, what is not true at all implies anything). Transitive implication is partly similar to relevant implication (although much stronger), but its underlying philosophical motivation is entirely different, since it is read «to the extent [at least] that...».

A TAM p-V AUX /wa ha i-pɨ-ɾ nãːɾɛ/ 1.NOM IRR 3.ABS-take-NF NEG ‘I will not grab it.’ In nominative–absolutive clauses, the sole argument of an intransitive verb (S) is aligned with the agent argument of a transitive verb (A) in that both may be expressed by nominative pronouns, such as wa ‘I.NOM’ or ca ‘you.NOM’ (nouns do not take case inflection in Canela), which occupy the same position in a phrase (in the example above, both precede the irrealis marker ha). At the same time, the sole argument of an intransitive verb (S) is aligned with the patient argument ('direct object') of a transitive verb (P) in that both may be indexed on the verb by person prefixes of the absolutive series ( such as i- ‘I.ABS’ or a- ‘you.ABS’).

If two vertices in On correspond to sets that differ from each other by the removal of k elements from one set and the addition of k different elements, then they may be reached from each other in 2k steps, each pair of which performs a single addition and removal. If 2k < n, this is a shortest path; otherwise, it is shorter to find a path of this type from the first set to a set complementary to the second, and then reach the second set in one more step. Therefore, the diameter of On is n − 1. Every odd graph is 3-arc-transitive: every directed three-edge path in an odd graph can be transformed into every other such path by a symmetry of the graph.. Odd graphs are distance transitive, hence distance regular.

The okurigana for group I verbs ( godan dōshi, also known as u-verbs) usually begin with the final mora of the dictionary form of the verb. : no-mu to drink, itada-ku to receive, yashina-u to cultivate, ne-ru to twist For group II verbs ( ichidan dōshi, also known as ru-verbs) the okurigana begin at the mora preceding the last, unless the word is only two morae long. : samata-geru to prevent, ta-beru to eat, shi-meru to comprise, ne-ru to sleep, ki-ru to wear If the verb has different variations, such as transitive and intransitive forms, then the different morae are written in kana, while the common part constitutes a single common kanji reading for all related words. : shi-meru to close (transitive), shi-maru to close (intransitive) – in both cases the reading of is shi.

It is hypohamiltonian, meaning that although it has no Hamiltonian cycle, deleting any vertex makes it Hamiltonian, and is the smallest hypohamiltonian graph. As a finite connected vertex-transitive graph that does not have a Hamiltonian cycle, the Petersen graph is a counterexample to a variant of the Lovász conjecture, but the canonical formulation of the conjecture asks for a Hamiltonian path and is verified by the Petersen graph. Only five connected vertex-transitive graphs with no Hamiltonian cycles are known: the complete graph K2, the Petersen graph, the Coxeter graph and two graphs derived from the Petersen and Coxeter graphs by replacing each vertex with a triangle.Royle, G. "Cubic Symmetric Graphs (The Foster Census)." If G is a 2-connected, r-regular graph with at most 3r + 1 vertices, then G is Hamiltonian or G is the Petersen graph.

Clearly, this action is transitive (take ), so that one may then regard X as a homogeneous space for the action of G. The stabilizer of the identity coset is precisely the group H. Given any connected smooth manifold X and a smooth transitive action by a Lie group G on X, we can construct an associated Klein geometry by fixing a basepoint x0 in X and letting H be the stabilizer subgroup of x0 in G. The group H is necessarily a closed subgroup of G and X is naturally diffeomorphic to G/H. Two Klein geometries and are geometrically isomorphic if there is a Lie group isomorphism so that . In particular, if φ is conjugation by an element , we see that and are isomorphic. The Klein geometry associated to a homogeneous space X is then unique up to isomorphism (i.e.

1\. Detransitivizing N- 'DTR' ::The prefix n- is attached to monosyllabic verbs and the vowel from the final syllable is reduplicated into the vowel position. ::Example: bɛ 'to do' → nɛ-bɛ 'doing, doer' ::For disyllabic verbs, the initial consonant is replaced by a homorganic nasal. ::Example: plɘt 'to extinguish' → m:ɘlɘt 'extinguishing' 2\. Transitive focus ka- 'TR' ::The prefix ka- only applies to indigenous monosyllabic verbs.

This algorithm is a simple method for computing equivalence classes. Calling the function `union(x,y)` specifies that, items `x` and `y` are members of the same equivalence class. Because equivalence relations are transitive; all the items equivalent to `x` are equivalent to all the items equivalent to `y`. Thus for any item `x`, there is a set of items which are all equivalent to `x` .

Intransitive verbs in Mortlockese are described by two separate classes. The first class is “unaccusatives”, which are linked to adjectives and can show that the object is undergoing a process or action. The other class is “unergatives,” which are more like actual verbs in that they describe actions rather than a state of being. Both types of intransitive verbs have related transitive verb forms.

In one morphological environment the reverse process takes place. In the imperative/jussive form of one class of verbs, the first consonant in the root is depalatalized if this is possible. For example, the verb meaning 'return' (transitive) has the stem consonants {žpr} in other forms, for example, žäpärä-m 'he returned', but the ž is depalatalized to z in the imperative zäpǝr 'return! (m.)'.

Anejom̃ word order is fairly strict and does not allow for much variation. The preferred word order in Anejom̃ is VOS (or verb, followed by object, then subject). This word order is extremely unusual within the languages of Vanuatu and makes Anejom̃ the "only non-Polynesian language in Vanuatu to have this preferred word order." Below are a couple of examples of intransitive and transitive sentences.

In fact, every semiorder is a quasitransitive relation, since it is a transitive one. Moreover, adding to a given semiorder all its pairs of incomparable items keeps the resulting relation a quasitransitive one. Here: Lemma 20, p.27. Since Luce modelled indifference between x and y as "neither xRy nor yRx", while Sen modelled it as "both xRy and yRx", Sen's remark on p.

The vowel is inserted when morphemes with non-syllabic endings are followed by morpheme-initial consonants, such as when the transitive animate conjunct ending -at is followed by the third person plural marker -k. The result is not atk but rather acik. Note the palatalization of the /t-i/ sequence. This insertion does not occur before semivowels such as or in certain specific combinations.

In a notation developed by Chomsky in the 1960s, the basic position of verbs in a phrase structure tree would be shown by assigning it to a subcategorization frame.Matthews, P. (2014). subcategorization. In The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics. : Oxford University Press. A transitive verb like “make”, for example, was assigned the feature [+--NP] meaning that “make” can (+) appear before (--) a noun phrase (NP).

The sequence is pronounced closer to than and is more noticeable in its tone raising effects. In many Burmese verbs, pre-aspiration and post-aspiration distinguishes the causative and non-causative forms of verbs, where the aspirated initial consonant indicates active voice or a transitive verb, while an unaspirated initial consonant indicates passive voice or an intransitive verb: :e.g. "to cook" , vs. "to be cooked" , :e.g.

The first person singular has two different forms for the absolutive case: ištidə as the absolutive subject of an intransitive verb, and šukə as the absolutive object of a transitive verb. The ergative form is iešə. Judging from correspondences with Hurrian, šu- should be the base for the "regular" case forms. An enclitic dative case suffix for the first person singular is attested as -mə.

A verb that is usually transitive can be converted to intransitivity with the suffix -ul- before the intransitive valency marker: aš-ul-a-bə "was occupied" (vs aš-u-bə "I put in [a garrison]").Wilhelm, Gernot. 2008. Hurrian. In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.) The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor. P.115 The person suffixes express the persons of the absolutive subject/object and the ergative subject.

In Urdu and Hindi, the ergative case is marked on agents in the preterite and perfect tenses for transitive and ditransitive verbs, while in other situations agents appear in the nominative case. :laṛkā kitāb kharīdtā hai : ¹ :"The boy buys a book." :laṛke ne kitāb kharīdī : ¹ :"The boy bought a book." ::(¹) The grammatical analysis has been simplified to show the features relevant to the example.

Some commentators have also equated Lamia with Hecate. The basis of this identification is the variant maternities of scylla, sometimes ascribed to Lamia (as already mentioned), and sometimes to Hecate.Odyssey 12.124 and scholia, noted by Karl Kerenyi, Gods of the Greeks 1951:38 note 71. The identification has also been built (using transitive logic) since each name is identified with empousa in different sources.

Let be the finite field with 211 elements. Its group of units has order − 1 = 2047 = 23 · 89, so it has a cyclic subgroup of order 23. The Mathieu group M23 can be identified with the group of -linear automorphisms of that stabilize . More precisely, the action of this automorphism group on can be identified with the 4-fold transitive action of M23 on 23 objects.

The basic word order can be expressed very simply as Ergative Verb Absolutive. This means that whilst in transitive clauses the word order is AVO, in intransitive clauses the word order is verb–subject (VS). Adjectives and demonstratives can be placed either before or after the noun to which they refer, whilst numerals obligatorily precede their nouns. Reduplication is a very productive phonological process in Huave.

Vertex figures are especially significant for uniforms and other isogonal (vertex-transitive) polytopes because one vertex figure can define the entire polytope. For polyhedra with regular faces, a vertex figure can be represented in vertex configuration notation, by listing the faces in sequence around the vertex. For example 3.4.4.4 is a vertex with one triangle and three squares, and it defines the uniform rhombicuboctahedron.

Piaget called it the "intuitive substage" because children realize they have a vast amount of knowledge, but they are unaware of how they acquired it. Centration, conservation, irreversibility, class inclusion, and transitive inference are all characteristics of preoperative thought. 3\. Concrete operational stage: from ages seven to eleven. Children can now conserve and think logically (they understand reversibility) but are limited to what they can physically manipulate.

A biclique cover of the ten-vertex crown graph The number of edges in a crown graph is the pronic number n(n − 1). Its achromatic number is n: one can find a complete coloring by choosing each pair {ui, vi} as one of the color classes. Crown graphs are symmetric and distance-transitive. describe partitions of the edges of a crown graph into equal-length cycles.

Verbs in binyan nifal are always intransitive, but beyond that there is little restriction on their range of meanings. The nifal is the passive-voice counterpart of paal. In principle, any transitive paal verb can be rendered passive by taking its root and casting it into nifal. Nonetheless, this is not nifʕal's main use, as the passive voice is fairly rare in ordinary Modern Hebrew.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. # They apply to underlying transitive clauses and form a derived intransitive. # The underlying P of the passive and A of the antipassive become S. # The underlying A of the passive and P of the antipassive go into the periphery and are marked by a non-core case/preposition/etc. These can be omitted, but there's always the option of including them.

Nouns agree in gender with other words in a sentence. For example, the form of a transitive verb will vary depending upon the gender of the grammatical object. The Unami verb for 'I saw it' has the form nné·mən if the grammatical object is inanimate (e.g. a knife, pumpkin, water) but the form nné·yɔ if the object is a ball, an apple, or snow.

Tuscarora appears to be a nominative-accusative language. Tuscarora has a case system in which syntactic case is indicated in the verb. The main verb of the sentence can indicate, for example, "aorist+1st- person+objective+human+'transitive-verb'+punctual+dative." (In this case, a sentence could be a single word long, as below in Noun Incorporation.) Objective and dative are indicated by morphemes.

Listed here are some of the more common situations in which the semireflexive is used. First, when a person's own body part is the object of the action a semireflexive is normally used. Here is an example with and without a semireflexive. Again notice that the form with the semireflexive uses the intransitive pronominal prefix while the form without the semireflexive uses the transitive pronominal prefix.

The notion of transitivity, as well as other notions that today are the basics of linguistics, was first introduced by the Stoics and the Peripatetic school, but they probably referred to the whole sentence containing transitive or intransitive verbs, not just to the verb. The discovery of the Stoics was later used and developed by the philologists of the Alexandrian school and later grammarians.

9\. Possessive Phrase: Head (apposition noun phrase, coordinate noun phrase, demonstrative, class 3 locative phrase, modified noun phrase, class 17-18 noun, noun stem) + Possessive (personal pronoun, '-i-') 10\. Limiter Phrase: Head (adverb, demonstrative, modified noun phrase, noun stem, pronoun) + Limiter (at- + <únú>, ati) 11\. Intensive Phrase: Head (pronoun) + Intensifier ('kénak', 'meho') 12\. Instrumental-Benefactor Phrase: Benefactive (umu) + Head (intransitive clause, transitive clause, modified noun phrase) 13\.

It is an edge-transitive matchstick graph, and has diameter 2 (when k > 1), girth ∞ (it has no cycles), chromatic index k, and chromatic number 2 (when k > 0). Additionally, the star has large automorphism group, namely, the symmetric group on k letters. Stars may also be described as the only connected graphs in which at most one vertex has degree greater than one.

Another consequence of the above equivalence is that "integrality" is transitive, in the following sense. Let C be a ring containing B and c \in C. If c is integral over B and B integral over A, then c is integral over A. In particular, if C is itself integral over B and B is integral over A, then C is also integral over A.

The verbal inflection is based on two stems: present and past stem. Person and number are indicated personal suffixes attached to the stem. In the transitive past tense the verb consists of the bare past stem and personal concord with the subject is provided by enclitic pronouns following the stem or a constituent preceding the verb. Two modal prefixes are used to convey modal and aspectual information.

In graph theory, the Lovász conjecture (1969) is a classical problem on Hamiltonian paths in graphs. It says: : Every finite connected vertex- transitive graph contains a Hamiltonian path. Originally László Lovász stated the problem in the opposite way, but this version became standard. In 1996, László Babai published a conjecture sharply contradicting this conjecture,László Babai, Automorphism groups, isomorphism, reconstruction , in Handbook of Combinatorics, Vol.

The symbolic axioms shown below are from Boolos (1998: 91), and govern how sets and stages behave and interact. The natural language versions of the axioms are intended to aid the intuition. The axioms come in two groups of three. The first group consists of axioms pertaining solely to stages and the stage-stage relation ‘<’. Tra: \forall r \forall s \forall t[r ~~“Earlier than” is transitive.

Direct possession relies on relational terms that often form closed subsystems such as kinship terms. In Mekeo, the two relation terms involved in each equation are joined by another term that operates like a transitive verb. The third term is the ‘relator’ and must be marked for agreement with one of the other terms in the equation. The relator follows the subject and/or the object.

IBM acquired Transitive in June 2009 and merged the company into its Power Systems division. Existing customers of other QuickTransit combinations are supported, and the only combination still available is the PowerVM Lx86 product. Apple removed Rosetta from Mac OS X starting with Mac OS X Lion in 2011. Most of the original team now work for the BBC, Apple in California and ARM in Manchester.

The subject of intransitive and transitive verbs are marked in the same way. The agent is what stays fixed depending on the sentence structure. _Examples:_ uʃtokin tumi -n unkin -Ø tonk -a yesterday tumi killed the pig "Yesterday, Tumi killed the pig" papi -Ø uʃ -e -k dukek man -abs sleeps -n.pass. –declar, deit "The man sleeps (hanging)" abad -e -k bina -Ø runs -n.pass. –declar.

They can also be called "advancements" or "object promotion" because they bring a peripheral object to the centre as a direct object. This object is sometimes called the applied object. For transitive verbs, the resulting verb can be ditransitive, or the original object is no longer expressed. If the original object is no longer expressed, it is not a valency-increasing operationPayne, Thomas E. (1997).

The relations are given as a (finite) binary relation on . To form the quotient monoid, these relations are extended to monoid congruences as follows: First, one takes the symmetric closure of . This is then extended to a symmetric relation by defining if and only if = and = for some strings with . Finally, one takes the reflexive and transitive closure of , which then is a monoid congruence.

OBJ :Those two took care of the two women :Puliny mirti jarri-nyi pulu :3DU run INCH-NFUT 3DU.SUB :Those two ran Simple verbs mostly fall into two major classes, NY-class and RN-class. The NY class is intransitive and the RN class is (mostly) transitive. There are also a few verb roots that encode a semantic distinction by alternating between the classes (e.g.

Preferences are assumed to be quasitransitive (rather than transitive) in some economic contexts. The classic example is a person indifferent between 7 and 8 grams of sugar and indifferent between 8 and 9 grams of sugar, but who prefers 9 grams of sugar to 7. Here: p.179; Luce's original example consists in 400 comparisons (of coffee cups with different amounts of sugar) rather than just 2.

If λ is any ordinal, κ is λ-strong means that κ is a cardinal number and there exists an elementary embedding j from the universe V into a transitive inner model M with critical point κ and :V_\lambda\subseteq M That is, M agrees with V on an initial segment. Then κ is strong means that it is λ-strong for all ordinals λ.

The Daily Show, Comedy Central. Aired on February 4, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. On the set of The Colbert Report, Colbert was discussing John McCain's rise in the polls, and joked that since the media had said that "a vote for Mike Huckabee is a vote for McCain", and Colbert was Huckabee's "running mate," then Colbert, "by the transitive property of Huckabee", was really McCain.

In addition to suffixation and prefixation, Tzeltal uses the morphological processes of infixation, reduplication, and compounding to derive words. The only infix is -j-, and only appears in CVC roots, yielding a CVjC root. With a transitive verb, -j derives a passive; compare mak ("to close") and majk ("to be closed"). Reduplication can only occur with monosyllablic roots, and is typically used with numbers and numeral classifiers.

According to the Foster census, the Nauru graph is the only cubic symmetric graph on 24 vertices. The generalized Petersen graph G(n,k) is vertex-transitive if and only if n = 10 and k =2 or if k2 ≡ ±1 (mod n) and is edge-transitive only in the following seven cases: (n,k) = (4,1), (5,2), (8,3), (10,2), (10,3), (12,5), (24,5).. So the Nauru graph is one of only seven symmetric Generalized Petersen graphs. Among these seven graphs are the cubical graph G(4,1), the Petersen graph G(5,2), the Möbius–Kantor graph G(8,3), the dodecahedral graph G(10,2) and the Desargues graph G(10,3). The Nauru graph is a Cayley graph of S4, the symmetric group of permutations on four elements, generated by the three different ways of swapping the first element with one of the three others : (1 2), (1 3) and (1 4).

In nominative–accusative languages, the accusative case, which marks the direct object of transitive verbs, usually represents the non-volitional argument (often the patient). However, for unaccusative verbs, although the subject is non-volitional, it is not marked by the accusative. As Perlmutter points out, the same verb such as "slide" can be either unaccusative or unergative, depending on whether the action was involuntary or voluntary.Perlmutter (1978), p. 163.

A well-quasi-ordering on a set X is a quasi-ordering (i.e., a reflexive, transitive binary relation) such that any infinite sequence of elements x_0, x_1, x_2, \ldots from X contains an increasing pair x_i \le x_j with i< j. The set X is said to be well-quasi-ordered, or shortly wqo. A well partial order, or a wpo, is a wqo that is a proper ordering relation, i.e.

The subject can be identified through cross-reference marking on the verb. This changes if all arguments are in third person, when arguments are in third person there can be ambiguity. Without case marking, on the basis of syntax alone, there is no way to distinguish third person animate subjects and objects. Case marking is obligatory with transitive verbs have arguments that are the same in person and animacy.

The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two thermodynamic systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third one, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Accordingly, thermal equilibrium between systems is a transitive relation. Two systems are said to be in the relation of thermal equilibrium if they are linked by a wall permeable only to heat and they do not change over time.Carathéodory, C. (1909).

3D model of a dual uniform pentagrammic bipyramid 3D model of a pentagrammic bipyramid with regular faces In geometry, the pentagrammic bipyramid (or dipyramid) is first of the infinite set of face-transitive star bipyramids containing star polygon arrangement of edges. It has 10 intersecting isosceles triangle faces. It is topologically identical to the pentagonal bipyramid. Each star bipyramid is the dual of a star polygon based uniform prism.

A partial cyclic order is a ternary relation that generalizes a (total) cyclic order in the same way that a partial order generalizes a total order. It is cyclic, asymmetric, and transitive, but it need not be total. An order variety is a partial cyclic order that satisfies an additional spreading axiom . Replacing the asymmetry axiom with a complementary version results in the definition of a co-cyclic order.

The action of GL+(V) on B is not transitive: there are two orbits which correspond to the connected components of B. These orbits are precisely the equivalence classes referred to above. Since B does not have a distinguished element (i.e. a privileged basis) there is no natural choice of which component is positive. Contrast this with GL(V) which does have a privileged component: the component of the identity.

Beery graduated from the University of Puget Sound in 1983, majoring in mathematics and English literature. She went to Dartmouth College for her graduate education in mathematics, earning a master's degree there in 1985 and completing her Ph.D. in 1989. Her dissertation, Transitive Groups of Prime Degree, was in group theory, supervised by Thomas F. Bickel. While at Dartmouth, she also worked as an instructor at the University of Puget Sound.

In referring to such relations, the term algebraic tolerance or the term algebraic tolerance relation is used. Transitive tolerance relations are equivalence relations. A set O together with a tolerance \tau is called a tolerance space (denoted (O, \tau)). A set A \subseteq O is a \tau-preclass (or briefly preclass when \tau is understood) if and only if for any x,y \in A, (x,y) \in \tau.

Finite verbs agree in person and number with their nuclear arguments; agreement is through both prefixes and suffixes. Transitive verbs agree with both arguments (ergative and absolutive), whereas intransitive verbs agree with their sole (absolutive) argument. Verbs distinguish two aspects, perfective, the bare stem, and imperfective, using the suffix -tkə / -tkəni. There are five moods, indicative, imperative, optative, potential (marked by the circumfix ta…(ŋ)), and conjunctive (prefix ʔ-/a-).

In mathematics, a ternary equivalence relation is a kind of ternary relation analogous to a binary equivalence relation. A ternary equivalence relation is symmetric, reflexive, and transitive. The classic example is the relation of collinearity among three points in Euclidean space. In an abstract set, a ternary equivalence relation determines a collection of equivalence classes or pencils that form a linear space in the sense of incidence geometry.

The elements may be two or more verb roots or they may be a verb root plus a noun, adjective, or adverb. The marker -a converts an intransitive verb root into a transitive verb. Verbs are nominalized with the suffixes -hát, the abstract idea of the action, -pe' , the affected object, participle. The agent of the action is indicated with the agentive ("actance") prefix and a suffix expressing person and number.

The automorphism group of the Higman–Sims graph is a group of order isomorphic to the semidirect product of the Higman–Sims group of order with the cyclic group of order 2. It has automorphisms that take any edge to any other edge, making the Higman–Sims graph an edge-transitive graph.Brouwer, A. E. and Haemers, W. H. "The Gewirtz Graph: An Exercise in the Theory of Graph Spectra." Euro.

Tietze's graph has chromatic number 3, chromatic index 4, girth 3 and diameter 3. The independence number is 5. Its automorphism group has order 12, and is isomorphic to the dihedral group D6, the group of symmetries of a hexagon, including both rotations and reflections. This group has two orbits of size 3 and one of size 6 on vertices, and thus this graph is not vertex-transitive.

In mathematical logic, the ancestral relation (often shortened to ancestral) of a binary relation R is its transitive closure, however defined in a different way, see below. Ancestral relations make their first appearance in Frege's Begriffsschrift. Frege later employed them in his Grundgesetze as part of his definition of the finite cardinals. Hence the ancestral was a key part of his search for a logicist foundation of arithmetic.

The ovals obtained by removing a point from a hyperoval are projectively equivalent if and only if the removed points are in the same orbit of the automorphism group of the hyperoval. There are only three small examples (in the Desarguesian planes) where the automorphism group of the hyperoval is transitive on its points (see ) so, in general, there are different types of ovals contained in a single hyperoval.

The following examples illustrate what is meant by early versus late commitment and how heavy-NP shift applies to these sentences. Wasow looked at two types of verbs: Vt (transitive verbs): require NP objects. 4a. Pat VP[brought NP[a box with a ribbon around it] PP[ [to the party] ] 4b. Pat VP[brought PP[to the party] NP[ [a box with a ribbon around it] ] In 4a.

There are five cases in Kashmiri: nominative, dative, ergative, ablative and vocative. Case is expressed via suffixation of the noun. Kashmiri utilizes an ergative- absolutive case structure when the verb is in simple past tense. Thus, in these sentences, the subject of a transitive verb is marked in the ergative case and the object in nominative, which is identical to how the subject of an intransitive verb is marked.

Transitivity is another important division. Verbs are marked differently if they take an object or not. For example, the root mꝏs- (m8hs-) implies 'envy' or 'jealousy' but and can be found as intransitive, not requiring an object, mꝏsumꝏau (m8hsumuwâw), 'he/she is jealous' (i.e., 'he/she/it is a jealous person) or transitive, requiring an object, mꝏsumꝏ (m8hsumuw), 'he/she is jealous _of_ ' and requires an object, e.g.

Binyan hifʕil is another active binyan. Hifʕil verbs are often causative counterparts of verbs in other binyanim; examples include הִכְתִּיב (to dictate; the causative of כָּתַב , to write), הִדְלִיק (to turn on (a light), transitive; the causative of נִדְלַק , (for a light) to turn on, intransitive), and הִרְשִׁים (to impress; the causative of התרשם , to be impressed). Nonetheless, not all are causatives of other verbs; for example, הִבְטִיחַ (to promise).

Aguaruna typically prefers verb-final clauses. Though the word order is pretty flexible due to the presence of case markers, the direct object almost always immediately precedes the verb. The typical word order is as follows: SOV, where S represents the subject, O represents the direct object, and V is the verb. Aguaruna has a strong preference for transitive and ditransitive verbs, so the presence of intransitive clauses is minimal.

However, existence of an -Erdős cardinal implies existence of zero sharp. If is the satisfaction relation for (using ordinal parameters), then existence of zero sharp is equivalent to there being an -Erdős ordinal with respect to . And this in turn, the zero sharp implies the falsity of axiom of constructibility, of Kurt Gödel. If κ is -Erdős, then it is -Erdős in every transitive model satisfying " is countable".

Once a sequence has been annotated based on similarity to others, and itself deposited in the database, it can also become the basis for future annotations. This can lead to a transitive annotation problem because there may be several such annotation transfers by sequence similarity between a particular database record and actual wet lab experimental information. Therefore, care must be taken when interpreting the annotation data from sequence databases.

Creole languages tend to be characterized by a lack of "complex inflectional morphology in general," and appropriately syntactically- or morphologically-induced changes in verb valency are generally rare. Tobler's grammar does however mention a limited passive syntactic construction, as well as a causative transitive construction. No mention of other valency-changing constructions, such as antipassives or comitative case, seem to be present in any investigation of the language.

The Brinkmann graph is not a vertex-transitive graph and its full automorphism group is isomorphic to the dihedral group of order 14, the group of symmetries of a heptagon, including both rotations and reflections. The characteristic polynomial of the Brinkmann graph is (x-4)(x-2)(x+2)(x^3-x^2-2x+1)^2(x^6+3x^5-8x^4-21x^3+27x^2+38x-41)^2.

The simply connected surfaces of constant curvature 0, +1 and –1 are the Euclidean plane, the unit sphere in , and the hyperbolic plane. Each of these has a transitive three-dimensional Lie group of orientation preserving isometries , which can be used to study their geometry. Each of the two non-compact surfaces can be identified with the quotient where is a maximal compact subgroup of . Here is isomorphic to .

The imminent suffix -yagu indicates that an action is or was about to happen, or alternatively that it is only "nearly" accomplished: a-re a-tu-yagu "you were about to go", e-re tü-yagu pu- reo-re "they are almost alike". This is technically a transitive sentence in Bororo, unlike in English; however, it is restricted entirely to coreferential arguments (i.e. the subject and object are identical).

Active voice is a grammatical voice common in many of the world's languages. It is the unmarked voice for clauses featuring a transitive verb in nominative–accusative languages, including English and most other Indo- European languages. A verb in such languages is usually in the active voice when the subject of the verb performs the action named. Active voice is used in a clause whose subject expresses the main verb's agent.

Spanish employs a preposition, the so-called "personal a", before the direct object of a transitive verb (except tener) when it denotes a specific person(s), or domestic pet; thus Veo a Juan 'I see John'; Hemos invitado a los estudiantes 'We've invited the students.' In Portuguese, personal a is virtually non-existent, except before Deus 'God': louvar a Deus 'to praise God', amar a Deus 'to love God'.

Tauya syllable structure consists of an onset consonant of (C)V(V). In plural forms of personal pronouns consonants are the final in morphemes, these ones all have a consonant ending of n as seen in sen. The use of consonant in the ending word is followed by a vowel initial in transitive verbs, impersonal verbs and inalienable nouns. Using them to mark objects, experiencers, and possessors inflecting with ~pi suffix.

Georgian has often been said to exhibit split ergativity; morphologically speaking, it is said that it mostly behaves like an ergative–absolutive language in the Series II ("aorist") screeves. That means that the subject of an intransitive verb will take the same case markings as the direct object of a transitive verb. However, this is not a fully accurate representation. This is because Georgian has yet another level of split ergativity.

Class 1 verbs generally have a subject and a direct object. Some examples are "eat", "kill" and "receive". This class also includes causatives (the equivalent of "make someone do something") and the causative verbal form of adjectives (for example, "make someone deaf"). There are a few verbs in Class 3 that behave like transitive verbs of Class 1 in terms of their conjugations, such as sneeze and cough (see below).

In English, causativity is predominantly expressed syntactically, by the phrase, 'make someone verb', whereas in Georgian it is expressed morphologically. The causative marker obligatorily cooccurs with the version marker -a-. There is no single causative marker in Georgian. To ditransitivize an already transitive verb, one uses in-eb or rarely ev: ch'am, 'you eat' > a-ch'Øm-ev, 'you make him eat / You are feeding him', with the syncope of the root.

Vafsi Tati has six short vowel phonemes, five long vowel phonemes and two nasal vowel phonemes. The consonant inventory is basically the same as in Persian. Nouns are inflected for gender (masculine, feminine), number (singular, plural) and case (direct, oblique). The oblique case marks the possessor (preceding the head noun), the definite direct object, nouns governed by a preposition, and the subject of transitive verbs in the past tense.

Semantic information about the theme may also contribute in distinguishing between the two groups of transitive and intransitive action verbs. Theme animacy is conceptualized as being based on a combination of features. The first is the biological fact of being animal, and the second is the ability to initiate self-movement. At one end of the scale are true animates, which are animal and are able to move on their own.

ACM Digital Library. The Association for Computing Machinery. Web. A syntactic approach to analyzing volition focuses primarily on structural change, and does not rely on either speaker meaning or the information understood by the listener in order to explain the phenomena. In his analysis of the Squamish language, Peter Jacobs examines how transitive predicates are marked differently according to the degree of control an agent has over an event.

This is an impersonal construction, which means that the object marker -लाई lāī is often added to the agent, unless the verb is transitive, in which case the ergative/instrumental case marker -ले le is added. So, for example, I have to do work would be translated as मैले काम गर्नुपर्छ maile kām garnuparcha. It is also used with the postposition -अघि aghi 'before'. गर्नुअघि garnuaghi, then, means 'before doing'.

Karl August Reinhardt (27 January 1895 Frankfurt am Main – 27 April 1941 Berlin) was a German mathematician who discovered the 5 tile-transitive pentagon tilings, solved the odd case of the biggest little polygon problem, and constructed the smoothed octagon conjectured to be the worst-packing point-symmetric planar convex shape. He also gave a partial solution to Hilbert's eighteenth problem by discovering an anisohedral tiling in three dimensions.

The processing load of a task corresponds to the number of dimensions, which must be simultaneously represented, if their relations are to be understood. For example, to understand any comparison between two entities (e.g., "larger than", "better than", etc.) one must be able to represent two entities and one relation between them. To understand a transitive relation one must be able to represent at least three entities (e.g.

English clause elements are the minimum set of units needed to describe the linear structure of a clause. Traditionally, they are partly identified by terms such as subject and object. Their distribution in a clause is partly indicated by traditional terms defining verbs as transitive or intransitive. Modern English reference grammars are in broad agreement as to a full inventory, but are not unanimous in their terminology or their classification.

At the implementation level, event reaction consists of the propagation across a graph's information, which characterizes the existence of change. Consequently, computations that are affected by such change then become outdated and must be flagged for re-execution. Such computations are then usually characterized by the transitive closure of the change in its associated source. Change propagation may then lead to an update in the value of the graph's sinks.

A filter subbase that is not a prefilter cannot be ultra; but it is nevertheless still possible for the prefilter and filter generated by to be ultra. ;Relational properties of subordination The comparison/subordination relation is reflexive and transitive, which makes it into a preorder on . _Symmetry_ : For any , if and only if . So the set has more than one point if and only if the relation on is _not_ symmetric.

RR and its clients form a "Cluster". The "Cluster-ID" is then attached to every route advertised by RR to its client or nonclient peers. Cluster-ID is a cumulative, non-transitive BGP attribute and every RR MUST prepend the local CLUSTER_ID to the CLUSTER_LIST in order to avoid routing loops. Route reflectors and confederations both reduce the number of iBGP peers to each router and thus reduce processing overhead.

Meaning "the act of searching for someone or something" is from about 1600. The verb, Old English huntian "to chase game" (transitive and intransitive), perhaps developed from hunta "hunter," is related to hentan "to seize," from Proto-Germanic huntojan (the source also of Gothic hinþan "to seize, capture," Old High German hunda "booty"), which is of uncertain origin. The general sense of "search diligently" (for anything) is first recorded c. 1200.

M. Halldórsson, S. Kitaev and A. Pyatkin. Semi-transitive orientations and word-representable graphs, Discr. Appl. Math. 201 (2016), 164−171.. Up to date, 35+ papers have been written on the subject, and the core of the book by Sergey Kitaev and Vadim Lozin is devoted to the theory of word-representable graphs. A quick way to get familiar with the area is to read one of the survey articlesS. Kitaev.

Also, necessary and sufficient conditions for an orientation of a split graph to be semi- transitive are given in , while in threshold graphs are shown to be word- representable and the split graphs are used to show that gluing two word- representable graphs in any clique of size at least 2 may, or may not result in a word-representable graph, which solved a long-standing open problem.

Although relational algebra seems powerful enough for most practical purposes, there are some simple and natural operators on relations that cannot be expressed by relational algebra. One of them is the transitive closure of a binary relation. Given a domain D, let binary relation R be a subset of D×D. The transitive closure R+ of R is the smallest subset of D×D that contains R and satisfies the following condition: :\forall x \forall y \forall z \left( (x,y) \in R^+ \wedge (y,z) \in R^+ \Rightarrow (x,z) \in R^+ \right) There is no relational algebra expression E(R) taking R as a variable argument that produces R+. This can be proved using the fact that, given a relational expression E for which it is claimed that E(R) = R+, where R is a variable, we can always find an instance r of R (and a corresponding domain d) such that E(r) ≠ r+.

The symmetric group on five points is also the symmetry group of the Petersen graph, and the order-2 subgroup swaps the vertices within each pair of vertices formed in the double cover construction. The generalized Petersen graph G(n, k) is vertex- transitive if and only if n = 10 and k = 2 or if k2 ≡ ±1 (mod n) and is edge- transitive only in the following seven cases: (n, k) = (4, 1), (5, 2), (8, 3), (10, 2), (10, 3), (12, 5), (24, 5).. So the Desargues graph is one of only seven symmetric Generalized Petersen graphs. Among these seven graphs are the cubical graph G(4, 1), the Petersen graph G(5, 2), the Möbius–Kantor graph G(8, 3), the dodecahedral graph G(10, 2) and the Nauru graph G(12, 5). The characteristic polynomial of the Desargues graph is : (x-3) (x-2)^4 (x-1)^5 (x+1)^5 (x+2)^4 (x+3).

In such languages, the ergative case is typically marked (most salient), while the absolutive case is unmarked. New work in case theory has vigorously supported the idea that the ergative case identifies the agent (the intentful performer of an action) of a verb (Woolford 2004). In Kalaallisut (Greenlandic) for example, the ergative case is used to mark subjects of transitive verbs and possessors of nouns. Nez Perce has a three- way nominal case system with both ergative (-nim) and accusative (-ne) plus an absolute (unmarked) case for intransitive subjects: hipáayna qíiwn ‘the old man arrived’; hipáayna wewúkiye ‘the elk arrived’; wewúkiyene péexne qíiwnim ‘the old man saw an elk’. Sahaptin has an ergative noun case (with suffix -nɨm) that is limited to transitive constructions only when the direct object is 1st or 2nd person: iwapáatayaaš łmámanɨm ‘the old woman helped me’; paanáy iwapáataya łmáma ‘the old woman helped him/her’ (direct); páwapaataya łmámayin ‘the old woman helped him/her’ (inverse).

In linguistic typology, nominative–absolutive alignment is a type of morphosyntactic alignment in which the sole argument of an intransitive verb shares some coding properties with the agent argument of a transitive verb and other coding properties with the patient argument ('direct object') of a transitive verb. It is typically observed in a subset of the clause types of a given language (that is, the languages which have nominative–absolutive clauses also have clauses which show other alignment patterns such as nominative-accusative and/or ergative-absolutive). The languages for which nominative–absolutive clauses have been described include the Cariban languages Panare (future, desiderative, and nonspecific aspect clauses) and Katxuyana (imperfective clauses), the Northern Jê languages Canela (evaluative, progressive, continuous, completive, and negated clauses), Kĩsêdjê (progressive, continuous, and completive clauses, as well as future and negated clauses with non-pronominal arguments), and Apinajé (progressive, continuous, and negated clauses), as well as in the main clauses of the Tuparian languages (Makurap, Wayoró, Tuparí, Sakurabiat, and Akuntsú).

A significant new component introduced in the server versions is Active Directory, which is an enterprise-wide directory service based on LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol). Additionally, Microsoft integrated Kerberos network authentication, replacing the often-criticised NTLM (NT LAN Manager) authentication system used in previous versions. This also provided a purely transitive-trust relationship between Windows 2000 domains in a forest (a collection of one or more Windows 2000 domains that share a common schema, configuration, and global catalog, being linked with two-way transitive trusts). Furthermore, Windows 2000 introduced a Domain Name Server which allows dynamic registration of IP addresses. Windows 2000 Server supports up to 4 processors and 4GB of RAM, with a minimum requirement of 128MB of RAM and 1GB hard disk space, however requirements may be higher depending on installed components. Windows 2000 Advanced Server is a variant of Windows 2000 Server operating system designed for medium-to-large businesses.

Formally, is the reflexive-transitive closure of →. Using the example from the previous paragraph, we have (11+9)×(2+4) → 20×(2+4) and 20×(2+4) → 20×6, so (11+9)×(2+4) 20×6. With this established, confluence can be defined as follows. a ∈ S is deemed confluent if for all pairs b, c ∈ S such that a b and a c, there exists a d ∈ S with b d and c d.

In modern linguistics, an unaccusative verb is an intransitive verb whose grammatical subject is not a semantic agent. In other words, it does not actively initiate, or is not actively responsible for, the action of the verb. An unaccusative verb's subject is semantically similar to the direct object of a transitive verb or to the subject of a verb in the passive voice. Examples in English are "the tree fell"; "the window broke".

In set theory, inner model theory is the study of certain models of ZFC or some fragment or strengthening thereof. Ordinarily these models are transitive subsets or subclasses of the von Neumann universe V, or sometimes of a generic extension of V. Inner model theory studies the relationships of these models to determinacy, large cardinals, and descriptive set theory. Despite the name, it is considered more a branch of set theory than of model theory.

For non-native speakers, verb conjugation in Georgian remains a difficult subject even for those who have been studying the language for a while. This is because verbs in Georgian do not tend to conform to a "universal" conjugation system like in most European languages. This article presupposes familiarity with Georgian grammar. In short, important factors to keep track of are the following: # Georgian has four classes of verbs: transitive, intransitive, medial and indirect verbs.

Microeconomic theory typically begins with the study of a single rational and utility maximizing individual. To economists, rationality means an individual possesses stable preferences that are both complete and transitive. The technical assumption that preference relations are continuous is needed to ensure the existence of a utility function. Although microeconomic theory can continue without this assumption, it would make comparative statics impossible since there is no guarantee that the resulting utility function would be differentiable.

A verb may have either a first aorist or a second aorist: the distinction is like that between weak (try, tried) and strong verbs (write, wrote) in English. A very few verbs have both types of aorist, sometimes with a distinction of meaning: for example (to set up or cause to stand) has both and as aorists, but the first has a transitive meaning ("I set up") and the second an intransitive meaning ("I stood").

There are twelve Jacobian elliptic functions and twelve cubic distance- transitive graphs. There are 12 Latin squares of size 3 × 3. The duodecimal system (1210 [twelve] = 1012), which is the use of 12 as a division factor for many ancient and medieval weights and measures, including hours, probably originates from Mesopotamia. In base thirteen and higher bases (such as hexadecimal), twelve is represented as C. In base 10, the number 12 is a Harshad number.

A clause with a direct object plus a prepositional phrase may be called pseudo-ditransitive, as in the Lakhota sentence Haŋpíkčeka kiŋ lená wé-čage ("I made those moccasins for him"). Such constructions are sometimes called complex transitive. The category of complex transitives includes not only prepositional phrases but also dependent clauses, appositives, and other structures. There is some controversy regarding complex transitives and tritransitives; linguists disagree on the nature of the structures.

In English, an example is the verb to eat; the sentences You eat (with an intransitive form) and You eat apples (a transitive form that has apples as the object) are both grammatical. The concept of valency is related to transitivity. The valency of a verb considers all the arguments the verb takes, including both the subject and all of the objects. In contrast to valency, the transitivity of a verb only considers the objects.

The Sami verb for presenting a joik (e.g. Northern Sami juoigat) is a transitive verb, which is often interpreted as indicating that a joik is not a song about the person or place, but that the joiker is attempting to evoke or depict that person or place through song - one joiks one's friend, not about one's friend (similarly to how one doesn't paint or depict about a flower, but depicts the flower itself).

The possibility of defining a strict preference relation \succ as distinguished from the weaker one \succsim, and vice versa, suggests in principle an alternative approach of starting with the strict relation \succ as the primitive concept and deriving the weaker one and the indifference relation. However, an indifference relation derived this way will generally not be transitive. According to Kreps "beginning with strict preference makes it easier to discuss noncomparability possibilities".Kreps, David. (1990).

If the language has morphological case, the arguments of a transitive verb are marked by using the agentive case for the subject and the patientive case for the object. The argument of an intransitive verb may be marked as either. Languages lacking case inflections may indicate case by different word orders, verb agreement, using adpositions, etc. For example, the patientive argument might precede the verb, and the agentive argument might follow the verb.

Prism graphs are examples of generalized Petersen graphs, with parameters GP(n,1). They may also be constructed as the Cartesian product of a cycle graph with a single edge. As with many vertex-transitive graphs, the prism graphs may also be constructed as Cayley graphs. The order-n dihedral group is the group of symmetries of a regular n-gon in the plane; it acts on the n-gon by rotations and reflections.

In the mathematical field of graph theory, an antiprism graph is a graph that has one of the antiprisms as its skeleton. An n-sided antiprism has 2n vertices and 4n edges. They are regular, polyhedral (and therefore by necessity also 3-vertex-connected, vertex-transitive, and planar graphs), and also Hamiltonian graphs.Read, R. C. and Wilson, R. J. An Atlas of Graphs, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2004 reprint, Chapter 6 special graphs pp.

If a runner runs faster, he can win the race. Therefore, if all the runners run faster, they can all win the race. In voting theory, the Condorcet paradox demonstrates a fallacy of composition: Even if all voters have rational preferences, the collective choice induced by majority rule is not transitive and hence not rational. The fallacy of composition occurs if from the rationality of the individuals one infers that society can be equally rational.

The regular dodecahedron is topologically related to a series of tilings by vertex figure n3. The regular dodecahedron can be transformed by a truncation sequence into its dual, the icosahedron: The regular dodecahedron is a member of a sequence of otherwise non-uniform polyhedra and tilings, composed of pentagons with face configurations (V3.3.3.3.n). (For n > 6, the sequence consists of tilings of the hyperbolic plane.) These face-transitive figures have (n32) rotational symmetry.

He is known for the Tahoe Least-Authority File Store (or Tahoe-LAFS), a secure, decentralized, fault-tolerant filesystemWilcox-O'Hearn, Zooko, ANNOUNCING allmydata.org "Tahoe", the Least- Authority Filesystem, v1.3, retrieved 20 April 2009 released under GPL and the TGPPL licenses. He is the creator of the Transitive Grace Period Public Licence (TGPPL). Wilcox-O'Hearn is the designer of multiple network protocols that incorporate concepts such as self-contained economies and secure reputation systems.

William Thurston introduced a similar version of symmetries in geometry. A model geometry is a simply connected smooth manifold X together with a transitive action of a Lie group G on X with compact stabilizers. The Lie group can be thought of as the group of symmetries of the geometry. A model geometry is called maximal if G is maximal among groups acting smoothly and transitively on X with compact stabilizers, i.e.

A regular edge-transitive graph G cannot admit perfect state transfer between a pair of adjacent vertices, unless it is a disjoint union of copies of the complete graph K_2. A strongly regular graph admits perfect state transfer if and only if it is the complement of the disjoint union of an even number of copies of K_2. The only cubic distance-regular graph that admits perfect state transfer is the cubical graph.

Often the term intransitive is used to refer to the stronger property of antitransitivity. We just saw that the feed on relation is not transitive, but it still contains some transitivity: for instance, humans feed on rabbits, rabbits feed on carrots, and humans also feed on carrots. A relation is antitransitive if this never occurs at all, i.e. :\forall a, b, c: a R b \land b R c \implies \lnot (a R c).

The graph is cubic, and all cycles in the graph have six or more edges. Every smaller cubic graph has shorter cycles, so this graph is the 6-cage, the smallest cubic graph of girth 6. It is a distance- transitive graph (see the Foster census) and therefore distance regular. There are 24 perfect matchings in the Heawood graph; for each matching, the set of edges not in the matching forms a Hamiltonian cycle.

13-27, and independently Miklós AjtaiMiklós Ajtai, "\Sigma^1_1-Formulae on Finite Structures", Annals of Pure and Applied Logic, 24 (1983) 1-48. established super-polynomial lower bounds on the size of constant-depth Boolean circuits for the parity function, i.e., they showed that polynomial-size constant-depth circuits cannot compute the parity function. Similar results were also established for the majority, multiplication and transitive closure functions, by reduction from the parity function.

William Cliffton (1771 – December 1799) was a Philadelphian poet and pamphleteer. He is the only identified member of the Anchor Club. He is considered part of the "transitive state" of American poetry. Born the son of a wealthy Quaker, Cliffton suffered form a blood clot at the age of nineteen, and from then until his death, aged twenty-seven, pursued an almost exclusively literary life, though he took an interest in field sports.

Many sentences in English and other Indo-European languages have the agent as subject. The use of some transitive verbs denoting strictly reciprocal events may involve a conflation of agent and subject. In the sentence "John met Sylvia", for example, though both "John" and "Sylvia" would equally meet Dowty's definition of a Proto-Agent, the co-agent "Sylvia" is downgraded to patient because it is the direct object of the sentence.Givóm, Tom. 2001.

Case is marked on noun phrases using the clitics -t for subjects, and -n for non-subjects. The clitic -n can appear on multiple noun phrases in a single sentence at once, such as the direct object, indirect object, and adverbial nouns. Despite the distinction in verbal affixes between the agent and patient of the verb, the clitic -t marks subject of both transitive and intransitive verbs. In some situations, case marking is omitted.

Every perfectly orderable graph is a perfect graph. Chordal graphs are perfectly orderable; a perfect ordering of a chordal graph may be found by reversing a perfect elimination ordering for the graph. Thus, applying greedy coloring to a perfect ordering provides an efficient algorithm for optimally coloring chordal graphs. Comparability graphs are also perfectly orderable, with a perfect ordering being given by a topological ordering of a transitive orientation of the graph.

Meanwhile, at lower levels of acceptance, so many contradictory statements are acceptable that nothing useful can be derived without inconsistency. Kyburg's treatment of universally quantified sentences is to add them to the Ur-corpus or meaning postulates of the language. There, a statement like F = ma or preference is transitive provides additional inferences at all acceptance levels. In some cases, the addition of an axiom produces predictions that are not refuted by experience.

Animate nouns in certain constructions may take an obviative ending, which does not distinguish singular or plural. The obviative distinguishes two third-person referents in certain syntactic and discourse contexts. In a sentence containing a transitive verb with both an animate third person grammatical subject and an animate third person grammatical object one of the two must be marked as obviative. Any animate third person element that is not obviative is proximate.

In words, when , one may say that b covers a or that a precedes b, or that b reduces to a. Occasionally, the notation ← or ≲ is used instead of ≤. To every preorder, there corresponds a directed graph, with elements of the set corresponding to vertices, and the order relation between pairs of elements corresponding to the directed edges between vertices. The converse is not true: most directed graphs are neither reflexive nor transitive.

On the Cartesian product of two sets with binary relations R and S, define (a, b)T(c, d) as aRc and bSd. If R and S are both reflexive, irreflexive, transitive, symmetric, or antisymmetric, then T will be also.Equivalence and Order Combining properties it follows that this also applies for being a preorder and being an equivalence relation. However if R and S are total relations, T is in not general total.

The Elements also include the following five "common notions": # Things that are equal to the same thing are also equal to one another (the Transitive property of a Euclidean relation). # If equals are added to equals, then the wholes are equal (Addition property of equality). # If equals are subtracted from equals, then the differences are equal (Subtraction property of equality). # Things that coincide with one another are equal to one another (Reflexive property).

In mathematics, symmetric cones, sometimes called domains of positivity, are open convex self-dual cones in Euclidean space which have a transitive group of symmetries, i.e. invertible operators that take the cone onto itself. By the Koecher–Vinberg theorem these correspond to the cone of squares in finite- dimensional real Euclidean Jordan algebras, originally studied and classified by . The tube domain associated with a symmetric cone is a noncompact Hermitian symmetric space of tube type.

The word 'Silat' is also said to originate from the composite of two words 'si' and 'elat'. 'Si' is a Malay article used with adjectives to describe people, and normally found in names and nicknames. While 'elat' is a verb means 'to trick', 'to confuse' or 'to deceive'. The derivative transitive verb 'menyilat' or 'menyilap' carries the meaning of an action to evade, to trick or to take an assault, together with a counterattack.

Balescu states that Jaynes' and coworkers theory is based on a non-transitive evolution law that produces ambiguous results. Although some difficulties of the theory can be cured, the theory "lacks a solid foundation" and "has not led to any new concrete result".Balescu, R. (1997). Though the maximum entropy approach is based directly on informational entropy, it is applicable to physics only when there is a clear physical definition of entropy.

All vertices of a finite n-dimensional isogonal figure exist on an (n-1)-sphere. The term isogonal has long been used for polyhedra. Vertex-transitive is a synonym borrowed from modern ideas such as symmetry groups and graph theory. The pseudorhombicuboctahedronwhich is not isogonaldemonstrates that simply asserting that "all vertices look the same" is not as restrictive as the definition used here, which involves the group of isometries preserving the polyhedron or tiling.

Carbon copy can be used as a transitive verb with the meaning described under e-mail below related to the CC field of an e-mail message. That is, to send the message to additional recipients beyond the primary recipient. It is common practice to abbreviate the verb form, and many forms are used, including cc and cc:. Past tense forms in use are CCed, cc'd, cc'ed, cc-ed and cc:'d.

As it sounds, pronominal prefixes identify pronouns with regards to the verb, including person, number, and gender. Since all verbs must have at least a subject, the pronominal prefixes identify the subject, and if the verb is transitive, these prefixes also identify the object. For example: Tuscarora word: rà:weh Translation: He is talking. Breakdown: masculine + 'talk' + serial The rà is the masculine pronominal prefix, indicating that a male person is the subject of the sentence.

Personal pronouns are inflected for number (singular, plural) and case (direct, oblique). A set of enclitic pronouns is used to indicate the agent of transitive verbs in the past tenses. There are two demonstrative pronouns: one for near deixis, one for remote deixis. The use of the Persian ezafe construction is spreading, however there is also a native possessive construction, consisting of the possessor (unmarked or marked by the oblique case) preceding the head noun.

None of the 5 vertex- transitive graphs with no Hamiltonian cycles is a Cayley graph. This observation leads to a weaker version of the conjecture: : Every finite connected Cayley graph contains a Hamiltonian cycle. The advantage of the Cayley graph formulation is that such graphs correspond to a finite group G and a generating set S. Thus one can ask for which G and S the conjecture holds rather than attack it in full generality.

In transitive clauses whose object and subject are expressed as free noun phrases, the basic pragmatically-neutral word order is AOXV / SXV in which X is a noun phrase in one of the oblique cases. However, word order is fairly free. Topical noun phrases occur at the beginning of a clause. New or emphasized information generally come last, which is usually the verb but can also be a focal subject or object.

The set E is called a biordered set if the following axioms and their duals hold for arbitrary elements e, f, g, etc. in E. :(B1) ωr and ωl are reflexive and transitive relations on E and DE = ( ωr ∪ ω l ) ∪ ( ωr ∪ ωl )−1. :(B21) If f is in ωr( e ) then f R fe ω e. :(B22) If g ωl f and if f and g are in ωr ( e ) then ge ωl fe.

Kaqchikel has 6 major word classes and several minor classes, referred to collectively as "particles." The major word classes are groups of bases or roots that can take affixes. These classes are nouns, adjectives, adverbs, intransitive verbs, transitive verbs, and positionals. Positionals in this language are a group of roots which cannot function as words on their own; in combination with affixes they are used to describe relationships of position and location.

Under a syntactic intransitive base approach, the transitive form is derived from the intransitive form by insertion of a verbal layer projected by a head expressing causation and introducing the external agent argument. This idea assumes that a verbal phrase is able to be separated into different layers of verbal projections whereby each of the layers provide a specifier where an argument can be attached.Larson, Richard. 1988. “On the double object construction”.

This constrains the meaning that the verb in that sentence can have. Fisher presented 3 and 5-year-old children a video in which one participant caused a second participant to move. Children who heard that scene described by a transitive clause containing a novel verb, associated the subject of the verb with the agent. Children who heard the scene described by an intransitive clause associated the subject with either the agent or the patient.

An exception occurs when a completed action is reported in any of the past tenses (simple past, past progressive, present perfect, or past perfect). In such cases, the verb agrees with the subject if it is intransitive, but if it is transitive, it agrees with the object, therefore Pashto shows a partly ergative behaviour. Like Kurdish, but unlike most other Indo-Iranian languages, Pashto uses all three types of adpositions – prepositions, postpositions, and circumpositions.

In terms of Kripke semantics, S5 is characterized by models where the accessibility relation is an equivalence relation: it is reflexive, transitive, and symmetric. Determining the satisfiability of an S5 formula is an NP-complete problem. The hardness proof is trivial, as S5 includes the propositional logic. Membership is proved by showing that any satisfiable formula has a Kripke model where the number of worlds is at most linear in the size of the formula.

Maitz et al 2019, pp.11. A small number of verbs take an infinitive form that is instead modeled after the German third- person singular form (geht, “go”) or verb stem (bleib, “stay”), and some transitive verbs of English or Tok Pisin origin take the Tok Pisin suffix -im (adoptim, “to adopt”).Maitz et al 2019, pp.11. The following example illustrates verb morphology compared to Standard German: ::De Koenigin anfang. :: (Die Königin fängt an) ::The queen begins.

Languages encode two main types of actions: those in which the main participant initiates an action that produces change in an object (e.g. kick _a ball,_ buy _a gift_ , cook _a dish_ , read _a book_ ); and those in which the action produces no (perceived) change in the world or that have no object (sneezing, breathing, growing, diving, etc.). Actions that take an object are encoded by transitive verbs, whereas those that take no object are expressed via intransitive verbs.

In geometry, a uniform honeycomb or uniform tessellation or infinite uniform polytope, is a vertex-transitive honeycomb made from uniform polytope facets. All of its vertices are identical and there is the same combination and arrangement of faces at each vertex. Its dimension can be clarified as n-honeycomb for an n-dimensional honeycomb. An n-dimensional uniform honeycomb can be constructed on the surface of n-spheres, in n-dimensional Euclidean space, and n-dimensional hyperbolic space.

Because finding a satisfying assignment using Krom's method involves a sequence of consistency checks, it would take time . quote a faster time bound of for this algorithm, based on more careful ordering of its operations. Nevertheless, even this smaller time bound was greatly improved by the later linear time algorithms of and . In terms of the implication graph of the 2-satisfiability instance, Krom's inference rule can be interpreted as constructing the transitive closure of the graph.

Thematic suffixes are the stems that follow the root of the verb. They are used in the present and future screeves and are mostly (though not always) absent in the aorist and perfective screeves. Like preverbs and versions, thematic suffixes are not only arbitrary, but they also determine the conjugation in the aorist and perfective screeves for transitive (class 1) verbs. There are nine thematic suffixes in Georgian, and almost all the verbs have a specific thematic suffix.

Some verbs have different verb roots in different screeves and, thus, are considered irregular. Some other verbs use the same verb root throughout all the screeves, but their conjugations deviate from the normal paradigm of the verb class that they belong to. In addition, some indirect verbs (class 4) are also considered irregular, because they only behave like indirect verbs in the present screeves, and behave like transitive verbs (class 1) in the rest of the screeves.

There are two common representations for the causal context meta-data. One is to maintain an explicit dependency graph of the causal dependence relation. Because such a graph can grow arbitrarily large, an event is often tagged with only its immediate predecessors; determining its transitive predecessors requires a distributed graph traversal. The other is to maintain a vector clock, with one entry per process (or group of processes), counting the number of events generated by the process or group.

Itzaʼ is an ergative-absolutive language demonstrating split ergativity. Ergative person markers indicate intransitive subjects in the imperfective aspect and all transitive subjects, while absolutive person markers indicate intransitive subjects in the perfective aspect and in dependent clauses and all objects. Itzaʼ employs the Irrealis grammatical mood to mark the future tense: the mood is coupled with a temporal adjective to form a future construction. The past tense is similarly constructed by using the Perfect tense and temporal adjectives.

Appropriately total co-cyclic orders are related to cyclic orders in the same way that is related to . A cyclic order obeys a relatively strong 4-point transitivity axiom. One structure that weakens this axiom is a CC system: a ternary relation that is cyclic, asymmetric, and total, but generally not transitive. Instead, a CC system must obey a 5-point transitivity axiom and a new interiority axiom, which constrains the 4-point configurations that violate cyclic transitivity.

In the transitive past tense the verb consists of the bare past stem and personal concord with the subject is provided by enclitic pronouns following the stem or a constituent preceding the verb. Two modal prefixes are used to convey modal and aspectual information. The past participle is employed in the formation of compound tenses. Vafsi is a split ergative language: Split ergativity means that a language has in one domain accusative morphosyntax and in another domain ergative morphosyntax.

The prefix in Jemez can agree with up to three nominals. The detailed explanation for how this prefix agreement system works was to complicated for me to understand. What I did take from it is that basically it all boils down to the class of the noun, whether it is singular, dual, or plural and to what kind of sentence it is, whether it is transitive, or intransitive. Another additional factor is if there is possession.

Although the noun stuprum may be translated into English as fornication, the intransitive verb "to fornicate" (itself derived from the Latin fornicarium, which originally meant "a vaulted room"; the small vaulted rooms in which some prostitutes plied their trade led to the verb fornicare) is an inadequate translation of the Latin stuprare, which is a transitive verb requiring a direct object (the person who is the target of the misconduct) and a male agent (the stuprator).

Capacitation (outside the field of biology) has been used previously, in English, mainly to emphasize educational content which differs from and/or transcends the basic meaning of the English one-size-fits-all training.Etymology of Training quote : "from the 14th Century Old French trahiner – to drag". (NB: which would be a clear indication of its transitive pedigree of the English term). In some sectors of Community health, "capacitation" is said to be synonymous with empowering training.

In the case of the –nt-, -ɬt- group, all particles and suffixes joining onto the stem and suffix of the verb will be identical for both. The –nt- affix connects to the stem of a transitive verb via suffixation. The suffix –nt- can only make reference to two persons: an actor and a primary goal. q̓y̓əntin q'y'-ənt-in (I write something) The -ɬt- affix is the ditransitive counterpart of –nt- and works in much the same.

Like Pidgin Delaware, verbs in Massachusett are simplified into the inanimate forms. For example, Massasoit is believed to have said to Winslow upon his deathbed, (), 'Oh Winslow, I shall never see thee again' but more literally 'Not I again see Winslow.' In standard Massachusett, the expected verb would be ()Fermino, J. L. D. (2000). p. 51. , a transitive animate verb, 'I see (someone)' or more direct () , 'I see you,' as opposed to ()Fermino, J. L. D. (2000). p. 48.

Viewed as a relation, equality is the archetype of the more general concept of an equivalence relation on a set: those binary relations that are reflexive, symmetric and transitive. The identity relation is an equivalence relation. Conversely, let R be an equivalence relation, and let us denote by xR the equivalence class of x, consisting of all elements z such that x R z. Then the relation x R y is equivalent with the equality xR = yR.

Neither a morphological feature nor a syntactic feature is common to all inverse systems. Direct-inverse systems on verbs coexist with the various morphosyntactic alignments in nouns. In some inverse languages, including all Mesoamerican inverse languages, the direct-inverse alternation changes the morphosyntactic alignment, and the language is said to have hierarchical alignment. Klaiman has suggested four common properties of inverse languages: #Core participants of transitive predicates are ranked on a hierarchy of salience, topicality or animacy.

M12 is one of the 26 sporadic groups and was introduced by . It is a sharply 5-transitive permutation group on 12 objects. showed that the Schur multiplier of M12 has order 2 (correcting a mistake in where they incorrectly claimed it has order 1). The double cover had been implicitly found earlier by , who showed that M12 is a subgroup of the projective linear group of dimension 6 over the finite field with 3 elements.

M11 is one of the 26 sporadic groups and was introduced by . It is the smallest sporadic group and, along with the other four Mathieu groups, the first to be discovered. The Schur multiplier and the outer automorphism group are both trivial. M11 is a sharply 4-transitive permutation group on 11 objects and can be defined by some set of permutations, such as the pair (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11), (3,7,11,8)(4,10,5,6) of permutations used by the GAP computer algebra system.

Huave is similar to the Mayan languages in being both morphologically and syntactically ergative and consistently head-marking. It is less morphologically complex than Mayan languages, however, and usually each word has only a few affixes. There are obligatory categories on the verb of absolutive person and present, past or future tense, plus additional categories of transitive subject, indefinite subject and reflexive. Complex sentences in Huave often juxtapose multiple verbs each inflected for the appropriate person.

ITA was originally developed by Van Leeuwe in 1974.See Van Leeuwe (1974) The result of his algorithm, which we refer in the following as Classical ITA, is a logically consistent set of implications i \rightarrow j. Logically consistent means that if i implies j and j implies k then i implies k for each triple i, j, k of items. Thus the outcome of an ITA is a reflexive and transitive relation on the item set, i.e.

Many of the verb stems regularly are suppletive: intransitive verbs are suppletive for singular versus plural subject and transitive verbs are suppletive for singular versus plural object. Verbs can take various affixes, including incorporated nouns before the stem. Most verb affixes are suffixes, except for voicing-changing prefixes and instrumental prefixes. Note: -HU=(1) is a particular affix which adds the meaning 'to accomplish a goal' The verb stem can take a number of prefixes and suffixes.

The automorphism group of the Nauru graph is a group of order 144.Royle, G. F024A data It is isomorphic to the direct product of the symmetric groups S4 and S3 and acts transitively on the vertices, on the edges and on the arcs of the graph. Therefore, the Nauru graph is a symmetric graph (though not distance transitive). It has automorphisms that take any vertex to any other vertex and any edge to any other edge.

In the Russian Empire, a person arriving for a new residency was obliged (depending on the estate) to enroll in the registers of the local police authorities. The latter could deny undesirable persons the right to settle (in this case, no stamps were made in passports). In most cases, this would mean the person had to return to the permanent domicile. The verb "propisat" was used as a transitive verb with "vid" being the direct object.

In mathematics, a partial equivalence relation (often abbreviated as PER, in older literature also called restricted equivalence relation) R on a set X is a binary relation that is symmetric and transitive. In other words, it holds for all a, b, c \in X that: # if a R b, then b R a (symmetry) # if a R b and b R c, then a R c (transitivity) If R is also reflexive, then R is an equivalence relation.

The inductive definition of hereditary sets presupposes that set membership is well-founded (i.e., the axiom of regularity), otherwise the recurrence may not have a unique solution. However, it can be restated non-inductively as follows: a set is hereditary if and only if its transitive closure contains only sets. In this way the concept of hereditary sets can also be extended to non-well- founded set theories in which sets can be members of themselves.

The word "jamboree" is used primarily by the Scouting program following the first Boy Scout Jamboree in 1920. Baden-Powell deliberately chose the name "jamboree" where attendees were warmly welcomed attending this first Boy Scout rally or meeting with the word "Jambo!" The word jamboree in current English is used as a borrowed foreign word, with the ending -ree. The word jamboree is both a noun and a transitive verb, with a direct action of the root word jambo.

In mathematics, a directed set (or a directed preorder or a filtered set) is a nonempty set A together with a reflexive and transitive binary relation ≤ (that is, a preorder), with the additional property that every pair of elements has an upper bound.Kelley, p. 65. In other words, for any a and b in A there must exist c in A with a ≤ c and b ≤ c. The notion defined above is sometimes called an upward directed set.

Case- marking is one of the formal guises of differential subject marking, along with agreement, inverse systems and voice alterations, which goes hand in hand with differential subject marking. The use of case marking on subject is to differentiate prominence in arguments. It can be used on subjects of transitive verbs and intransitive verbs. The definiteness and animacy scale of differential subject marking has the same hierarchical structure exhibited in the section on differential object marking.

The verbal complex is formed of preverbal and postverbal affixes, with preverbal affixes communicating positional, instrumental and pronominal elements. These are added to a verb stem, which can be mono-, duo- or polysyllabic, and either agent (transitive) or patient (intransitive). Most verb stems are passive. Altogether, the Chiwere verb complex is arranged as follows: [wa- pronoun] [wa- directional] [positional] [-wa/ri- pronouns] [ha-/ra- pronouns] [reflexive] [possession] [gi- directional] [instrumental] STEM [pronoun suffix] [causative]Whitman 1947, p. 247.

The accusative case (abbreviated ) is a linguistics term for a grammatical case relating to how some languages typically mark a direct object of a transitive verb. Among those languages, analogous marking principles often apply to the objects of (some or all) prepositions. The characteristics of an accusative case often entail (such as in Latin) what generally is termed the nominative case. The English term, "accusative," derives from the Latin , which, in turn, is a translation of the Greek .

In addition to these two aspectual distinctions, Breton has a habitual present which utilises the present habitual of bezañ and the present participle. Combining the past participle with either eus or bezañ is the usual way of forming the past tense, the conjugated forms being restricted to more literary language. The choice between eus or bezañ depends on whether the past participle is that of a transitive or intransitive verb respectively (similar to the passé composé of French).

An adstratum (plural: adstrata) or adstrate is a language that through its prestige is a source of lexical borrowings to another. Generally, the term is used about languages in particular geolinguistic or geopolitical contexts. For example, early in England's history, Old Norse contributed an adstrate to the lexical structure of Old English.For example, take replaced earlier niman in the lexical slot of a transitive verb for "to take", though archaic forms of to nim survived in England.

There is no true equivalent to the gerundive in English; the closest translation is a passive to-infinitive non-finite clause such as books to be read. That reflects the most common use of the Latin gerundive, to combine a transitive verb (such as read) and its object (such as books), usually with a sense of obligation. Another translation is the recent development of the must- prefix as in a must-read book.Referendums and the Gerundive, Mark Forsyth.

Tariana is a polysynthetic language, with both head-marking and dependent- marking elements. Verbs are differentiated by those that take prefixes: active transitive and intransitive, and those that do not: stative verbs and verbs that describe physical states. Nouns divide into those that can be possessed/prefixed and those that are prefixless. Adjectives in Tariana share a number of features with Nouns and Verbs - the majority of affixes used are the same as those of nouns.

It can also apply to intransitive verbs, transitive verbs, or ditransitive verbs. In order to provide a single denotation for it that is suitably flexible, and is typically defined so that it can take any of these different types of meanings as arguments. This can be done by defining it for a simple case in which it combines sentences, and then defining the other cases recursively in terms of the simple one.Barbara Partee and Mats Rooth. 1983.

This is an equivalence relation: each ray is equivalent to itself, the definition is symmetric with regard to the ordering of the two rays, and it can be shown to be transitive. Therefore, it partitions the set of all rays into equivalence classes, and Halin defined an end as one of these equivalence classes. An alternative definition of the same equivalence relation has also been used:E.g., this is the form of the equivalence relation used by .

Studies on individual differences in cognitive social structures examine how individuals' traits affect their perceptions of social networks. Following are specific aspects of individuals that researchers have found influence cognitive social structures. Need for closure, which refers to one's tendency to avoid ambiguity, has been shown to correlate with the number of ties that are perceived as transitive. That is, the higher one's need for closure, the more likely they are to perceive unbalanced groups as balanced.

The general consensus in the field is that there is a derivational relationship between verbs undergoing the causative alternation that share the same lexical entry. From this it follows that there is uncertainty surrounding which form, the intransitive or the transitive, is the base from which the other is derived. Another matter of debate is whether the derivation takes place at the syntactic or lexical level. With reference to these assumptions, syntactic and lexicalist accounts have been proposed.

The basic distinction made by a switch-reference system is whether the following clause has the same subject (SS) or a different subject (DS). That is known as canonical switch-reference. For purposes of switch- reference, subject is defined as it is for languages with a nominative–accusative alignment: a subject is the sole argument of an intransitive clause or the agent of a transitive one. It holds even in languages with a high degree of ergativity.

Ditransitive verbs (sometimes called Vg verbs after the verb give) precede either two noun phrases or a noun phrase and then a prepositional phrase often led by to or for. For example: "The players gave their teammates high fives." "The players gave high fives to their teammates." When two noun phrases follow a transitive verb, the first is an indirect object, that which is receiving something, and the second is a direct object, that being acted upon.

More abstractly, the reachability relation in a DAG forms a partial order, and any finite partial order may be represented by a DAG using reachability. Important polynomial time computational problems on DAGs include topological sorting (computing a topological ordering), construction of the transitive closure and transitive reduction (the largest and smallest DAGs with the same reachability relation, respectively) of sets, and the closure problem, in which the goal is to find a minimum-weight subset of vertices with no edges connecting them to the rest of the graph. Transforming a directed graph with cycles into a DAG by deleting as few vertices or edges as possible (the feedback vertex set and feedback edge set problem, respectively) is an NP-hard problem, but any directed graph can be made into a DAG (its condensation) by contracting each strongly connected component into a single supervertex. The problems of finding shortest paths and longest paths can be solved on DAGs in linear time, in contrast to arbitrary graphs for which shortest path algorithms are slower and longest path problems are NP-hard.

The basic word order (constituent order) is SVO (Subject-Verb-Object), or, in the different formulation used by some, AVO (A = subject of transitive verb or ‘agent’, V = verb, O = object of transitive verb), though other orders are possible in less neutral contexts. It also has the basic orders GN (Genitive-Noun, that is, possessor-possessed), NA (Noun- Adjective), and NP-Rel (Head Noun-Relative Clause). It has few adpositions (prepositions or postpositions); rather these relational and locative functions are signaled by a rich set of suffixes and clitics attached primarily to verbs, but also to other parts of speech; it also has some relational nouns (possessed noun constructions that function as adpositions). The co-occurrence in a language of the orders SVO, NA, GN, and NP-Rel is somewhat unusual for a language with SVO basic word order typology, where NG (Noun + Genitive) would be the expected order, rather than Nivaclé’s GN. SVO languages also tend to have Preposition-Noun order, too, though prepositions are mostly lacking in this language.

In a transitive verb phrase, the verb agrees in gender with whichever of the agent or the object is the pivot of the discourse. In either case, the verb takes the suffix -hi for feminine agreement and -ha for masculine agreement: The two classes in the other system of noun classes are called ka- class and non-ka-class, because the ka- class nouns cause certain other words to signal agreement with the prefix ka-. The semantic basis for assigning different nouns to these two classes is slightly less opaque than for gender: no abstract nouns are in the ka- class, and whether a concrete noun is in the ka- class roughly corresponds to whether its referent is large and flat, with certain semantic categories admitting other generalizations. A verb must take the prefix ka- if a particular argument is a ka-class noun; if the verb is in an intransitive clause that argument is the subject, whereas if it is in a transitive clause that argument is the object.

To motivate the (conjectural) motivic Galois group, fix a field k and consider the functor :finite separable extensions K of k → non- empty finite sets with a (continuous) transitive action of the absolute Galois group of k which maps K to the (finite) set of embeddings of K into an algebraic closure of k. In Galois theory this functor is shown to be an equivalence of categories. Notice that fields are 0-dimensional. Motives of this kind are called Artin motives.

Adjuncts form quite a small category of lexical items whose syntactic position is to follow immediately the verb radical, though still within the verb phrase. When the verb is transitive, adjuncts are inserted between the verb radical and the transitiviser suffix and/or the object suffixes, as though they were incorporated: (1) Na (2) pa (3) nak (4) taha (5) m̈are-ko! (1) (2) (3) hit (4) Resultative (5) dead- 'I am going to kill you' (lit. to-hit-become-dead-you).

For imperfective verbs, it has present meaning, while for perfective verbs, it has a future meaning expressing a desire to carry out the action. For example, To kravo prodam "I want to sell the cow" (compare this with the future tense To kravo bom prodal "I will sell the cow"). As well, verbs can be classified based on their transitivity (Glagolska prehodnost) and aspect (Glagolski vid). Many verbs in Slovene can be both transitive and intransitive depending on their use in a sentence.

This view of political argument in a democracy is closely related to the problem of social choice. Consider a social decision model of the kind used in the theory of social choice (such as used in stating Arrow's theorem). In this model society has a set of individuals X and it faces a set (political) alternatives A which need to be ranked in some way. A ranking is a relation R between the elements of A which is transitive and reflexive.

Spherical pentagonal icositetrahedron This polyhedron is topologically related as a part of sequence of polyhedra and tilings of pentagons with face configurations (V3.3.3.3.n). (The sequence progresses into tilings the hyperbolic plane to any n.) These face-transitive figures have (n32) rotational symmetry. The pentagonal icositetrahedron is second in a series of dual snub polyhedra and tilings with face configuration V3.3.4.3.n. The pentagonal icositetrahedron is one of a family of duals to the uniform polyhedra related to the cube and regular octahedron.

A cycle with elements is also a -torsor: a set with a free transitive action by a finite cyclic group. Another formulation is to make into the standard directed cycle graph on vertices, by some matching of elements to vertices. It can be instinctive to use cyclic orders for symmetric functions, for example as in : where writing the final monomial as would distract from the pattern. A substantial use of cyclic orders is in the determination of the conjugacy classes of free groups.

Saxl was born in Brno, in what was at the time Czechoslovakia. He came to the United Kingdom in 1968, during the Prague Spring. After undergraduate studies at the University of Bristol, he completed his DPhil in 1973 at the University of Oxford under the direction of Peter M. Neumann, with the title of Multiply Transitive Permutation Groups. Saxl held postdoctoral positions at Oxford and the University of Illinois at Chicago, and a lecturer position at the University of Glasgow.

The linguistics constants like /feminine/ or /transitive/ are not defined within LMF but are recorded in the Data Category Registry (DCR) that is maintained as a global resource by ISO/TC37 in compliance with ISO/IEC 11179-3:2003. And these constants are used to adorn the high level structural elements. The LMF specification complies with the modeling principles of Unified Modeling Language (UML) as defined by Object Management Group (OMG). The structure is specified by means of UML class diagrams.

When a verbal extension is added to a high-toned root, the resulting verb is also usually high-toned, e.g. : 'sleep' > 'sleep together' Certain extensions, especially those which change a verb from transitive to intransitive, or which make it intensive, also add a tone. According to Kanerva (1990) and Mchombo (2004), the passive ending also adds a high tone, but this appears to be true only of the Nkhotakota dialect which they describe.Kanerva (1990), pp. 16-17; see Hyman & Mtenje (1999b), p. 127.

Unlike earlier codes that arranged for temporary and transitive laws as a step toward the revolutionary vision of family; the Code of 1936 marked an ideological shift away from Marxist / revolutionary visions of the nuclear family. Coinciding with the rise of Stalinism, the law demanded the stabilizing and strengthening of the family. “The “withering-away” doctrine, once central to socialist understand of the family, law, and the state, was anathematized.” The 1936 code emerged among along with an eruption of pro- family propaganda.

The operation thus described is the translation of along . In technical terms, affine -space is a set equipped with a free transitive action of the vector group on it through this operation of translation of points: is thus a principal homogeneous space for the vector group . The general linear group is the group of transformations of which preserve the linear structure of in the sense that . By analogy, the affine group is the group of transformations of preserving the affine structure.

Simple ACE sentences have the following general structure: :subject + verb + complements + adjuncts Every sentence has a subject and a verb. Complements (direct and indirect objects) are necessary for transitive verbs (insert something) and ditransitive verbs (give something to somebody), whereas adjuncts (adverbs, prepositional phrases) are optional. All elements of a simple sentence can be elaborated upon to describe the situation in more detail. To further specify the nouns customer and card, we could add adjectives: :A trusted customer inserts two valid cards.

The same construction can also be applied to degrees d for which (2d+1)/3 is a prime power but is 0 or −1 mod 4. In these cases, it still produces a graph with the same formulas for its size, diameter, and degree, but these graphs are not in general vertex-transitive. Subsequent to the construction of the McKay–Miller–Širáň graphs, other graphs with an even larger number of vertices, O(d^{3/2}) fewer than the Moore bound, were constructed.

Sports ratings systems use a variety of methods for rating teams, but the most prevalent method is called a power rating. The power rating of a team is a calculation of the team's strength relative to other teams in the same league or division. The basic idea is to maximize the amount of transitive relations in a given data set due to game outcomes. For example, if A defeats B and B defeats C, then one can safely say that A>B>C.

For example: "you are my delegate on matters of national security and farm subsidies.". In contrast to representative democracy, within liquid democracy, delegations of votes are transitive and not dependent on election periods. The concept of liquid democracy describes a form of collective decision-making, which combines elements of direct democracy and representative democracy through the use of software. This allows voters to either vote on issues directly, or to delegate their voting power to a trusted person or party.

There are two possible noun categories: the determinative and the indeterminative. The determinative category can be divided into definitive, non-definitive, and locative. Indeterminative nouns can be predicative words, subjects of predications, objects of transitive and transimpersonal active verbs and of static verbs, and complements of impersonal and transimpersonal active verbs and of static verbs. Personal pronouns are inflected depending on person, number, and gender, but they do not have special forms that indicate whether they fall into the determinative or indeterminative categories.

These two particles, unlike the ones previously, go after the verb phrase instead of before the verb phrase. Both of these particles are used to express something that has already been done previously before the time at which the speaker is talking about it. The only difference between ' and ' is that ' is used for transitive verb phrases and ' is used for intransitive verb phrases. An example sentence using ' would be ', which means 'That young man had already married the girl'.

The direct object of transitive verbs is indicated by the object particle を o. :ジョンさんは青いセーターを着ている。 :Jon-san wa aoi sētā o kite iru :John is wearing a blue sweater. This particle can also mean "through" or "along" or "out of" when used with motion verbs. :メアリが細い道を歩いていた。 :MEARI ga hosoi michi o aruite ita :Mary was walking along a narrow road.

With three exceptions – the cyclic groups of orders 3, 4, and 5 – every group can be represented as the symmetries of a graph whose vertices have only two orbits. Therefore, the number of vertices in the graph is at most twice the order of the group. With a larger set of exceptions, most finite groups can be represented as the symmetries of a vertex-transitive graph, with a number of vertices equal to the order of the group., Section 4.3.

It cannot be identified with both B and C, for identity is a transitive relation, and B is certainly not the same amoeba as C. Yet, the fission was symmetrical, so neither B nor C has any more or less claim to be A than the other. This is the problem. We seem to be forced to say that A has ceased to exist, but the m.o. view provides us with another option, consistent with all of the above considerations.

In mathematics, especially in order theory, a preorder or quasiorder is a binary relation that is reflexive and transitive. Preorders are more general than equivalence relations and (non-strict) partial orders, both of which are special cases of a preorder. An antisymmetric preorder is a partial order, and a symmetric preorder is an equivalence relation. The name preorder comes from the idea that preorders (that are not partial orders) are 'almost' (partial) orders, but not quite; they are neither necessarily antisymmetric nor asymmetric.

Consider some set P and a binary relation ≤ on P. Then ≤ is a preorder, or quasiorder, if it is reflexive and transitive; i.e., for all a, b and c in P, we have that: : a ≤ a (reflexivity) : if a ≤ b and b ≤ c then a ≤ c (transitivity) A set that is equipped with a preorder is called a preordered set (or proset).For "proset", see e.g. . If a preorder is also antisymmetric, that is, and implies , then it is a partial order.

Similarly, co-referring O and SO arguments which occur in paratactically conjoined clauses allow reduction or deletion of the argument in the second clause. :(5) Joni Peter gin= tendang, koh ho Louise awa gin= kob. :Joni Peter 3UND3= kick finish SIM Louise again 3UND3= hit :A O O V A O V :Joni kicked Peter then Louise hit him (Peter) again. Word order The word order of intransitives is SV. Transitive clauses can have AOV, OAV, or AVO word order.

We will prove this by reductio ad absurdum. # Let \Omega be a set that contains all ordinal numbers. # \Omega is transitive because for every element x of \Omega (which is an ordinal number and can be any ordinal number) and every element y of x (i.e. under the definition of Von Neumann ordinals, for every ordinal number y < x), we have that y is an element of \Omega because any ordinal number contains only ordinal numbers, by the definition of this ordinal construction.

Intersite replication intervals are typically less frequent and do not use change notification by default, although this is configurable and can be made identical to intrasite replication. Each link can have a 'cost' (e.g., DS3, T1, ISDN etc.) and the KCC alters the site link topology accordingly. Replication may occur transitively through several site links on same-protocol site link bridges, if the cost is low, although KCC automatically costs a direct site-to-site link lower than transitive connections.

Igbo does not mark overt case distinctions on nominal constituents and conveys grammatical relations only through word order. The typical Igbo sentence displays subject-verb-object (SVO) ordering, where subject is understood as the sole argument of an intransitive verb or the agent-like (external) argument of a transitive verb. Igbo thus exhibits accusative alignment. It has been proposed, with reservations, that some Igbo verbs display ergativity on some level, as in the following two examples: (4) Nnukwu mmīri nà-ezò n'iro.

The use of bound pronouns is required even if the sentence contains a full noun in either subject or object position: ime e1-re areme e2-wiye, word-for-word "the men they1-did the women them2 advise" - "the men advise the women".Crowell 1979, p. 22 Since ambitransitive verbs are at least exceedingly rare in Bororo, however, and intransitives with postpositional focus are very common, the frequency of strictly "transitive" constructions is far fewer than that of English or Portuguese.

IUR has both handling and entity classifiers as in many other sign languages. Its handling classifiers appear on transitive verbs and mark the direct object, such as PICK–UP:CLegg ('pick up an egg') or MOVE:CLbox ('move a box'). Entity classifiers have so far been identified in the semantic class of vehicles, animals, two-legged beings and flying birds, such as in: MOVE3a:CLbirds GOOSE SHOOT++3a ('geese flying in, I will shoot them out of the air'). Handling classifiers are used more frequently.

In group theory, a topic in abstract algebra, the Mathieu groups are the five sporadic simple groups M11, M12, M22, M23 and M24 introduced by . They are multiply transitive permutation groups on 11, 12, 22, 23 or 24 objects. They were the first sporadic groups to be discovered. Sometimes the notation M9, M10, M20 and M21 is used for related groups (which act on sets of 9, 10, 20, and 21 points, respectively), namely the stabilizers of points in the larger groups.

Georgian syntax and verb agreement are largely those of a nominative–accusative language. That is, the subject of an intransitive verb and the subject of a transitive verb are treated alike when it comes to word order within the sentence, and agreement marks on verbs complex. Nominative–accusative alignment is one of the two major morphosyntactic alignments, along with ergative-absolutive. However, Georgian case morphology (that is, the declension of nouns using case marks) does not always coincide with verbal alignment.

Verbs in Class 3 are usually intransitive verbs, but unlike Class 2 verbs, they mark their subject using the ergative case. Most verbs of motion (such as "swim" and "roll") and verbs about weather (such as "rain" and "snow") belong to this class. Although these verbs are described as not having transitive counterparts (such as "cry"), some of them still have direct objects, such as "learn" and "study". Verbs that are derived from loan words also belong to this class.

The Hoffman graph is not a vertex-transitive graph and its full automorphism group is a group of order 48 isomorphic to the direct product of the symmetric group S4 and the cyclic group Z/2Z. The characteristic polynomial of the Hoffman graph is equal to :(x-4) (x-2)^4 x^6 (x+2)^4 (x+4) making it an integral graph—a graph whose spectrum consists entirely of integers. It is the same spectrum as the hypercube Q4.

A similar argument applies, observing that x,y are in the domain of R. # A semi-connex right Euclidean relation is always transitive;If xRy ∧ yRz holds, then y and z are in the range of R. Since R is semi-connex, xRz or zRx or x=z holds. In case 1, nothing remains to be shown. In cases 2 and 3, also x is in the range. Hence, xRz follows from the symmetry and reflexivity of R on its range, respectively.

Another interesting connection concerns orientations of graphs. An orientation of an undirected graph G is any directed graph obtained by choosing one of the two possible orientations for each edge. An example of an orientation of the complete graph Kk is the transitive tournament k with vertices 1,2,…,k and arcs from i to j whenever i < j. A homomorphism between orientations of graphs G and H yields a homomorphism between the undirected graphs G and H, simply by disregarding the orientations.

The past participle is employed in the formation of compound tenses. Vafsi Tati is a split ergative language: Split ergativity means that a language has in one domain accusative morphosyntax and in another domain ergative morphosyntax. In Vafsi the present tense is structured the accusative way and the past tense is structured the ergative way. Accusative morphosyntax means that in a language subjects of intransitive and transitive verbs are treated the same way and direct objects are treated another way.

Exoneration occurs when the conviction for a crime is reversed, either through demonstration of innocence, a flaw in the conviction, or otherwise. Attempts to exonerate convicts are particularly controversial in death penalty cases, especially where new evidence is put forth after the execution has taken place. The transitive verb, "to exonerate" can also mean to informally absolve one from blame. The term "exoneration" also is used in criminal law to indicate a surety bail bond has been satisfied, completed, and exonerated.

These systems, based on Itanium 2 processors and the Linux operating system, used QuickTransit to transparently run application binaries compiled for previous SGI systems based on the MIPS processor and IRIX operating system. This technology was also licensed by Apple Computer in its transition from PowerPC to Intel (x86) CPUs, starting in 2006. Apple marketed this technology as "Rosetta". In August 2006, IBM announced a partnership with Transitive to run Linux/x86 binaries on its Power ISA-based Power Systems servers.

Thus for example, we have incorporation of handshapes from the Nepali manual alphabet into lexical items as we saw above the sections above on manual alphabet and lexicon. Incorporation also occurs in NSL verbs, in what are often referred to as "classifier predicates". Here, as in many other sign languages studied,MW Morgan (2009)) the pattern is ergative-accusative, with subjects of intransitive verbs (e.g. ONE-PERSON in "One person passed by in front of me")), and objects of transitive verbs (e.g.

New axioms of a locally finite space have been formulated, and it was proven that the space S is in accordance with the axioms only if the neighborhood relation is anti-symmetric and transitive. The neighborhood relation is the reflexive hull of the inverse bounding relation. It was shown that classical axioms of the topology can be deduced as theorems from the new axioms. Therefore, a locally finite space satisfying the new axioms is a particular case of a classical topological space.

Note that Platonists define ethical objectivism in an even more narrow way, so that it requires the existence of intrinsic value. Consequently, they reject the idea that contractualists or egoists could be ethical objectivists. Objectivism, in turn, places primacy on the origin of the frame of reference—and, as such, considers any arbitrary frame of reference ultimately a form of ethical subjectivism by a transitive property, even when the frame incidentally coincides with reality and can be used for measurements.

Verbs vary by type, and each type is determined by the kinds of words that accompany it and the relationship those words have with the verb itself. Classified by the number of their valency arguments, usually three basic types are distinguished: intransitives, transitives, ditransitives and double transitive verbs. Some verbs have special grammatical uses and hence complements, such as copular verbs (i.e., be); the verb "do" used for do-support in questioning and negation, and tense or aspect auxiliaries, e.g.

In plain English, a hierarchy can be thought of as a set in which: # No element is superior to itself, and # One element, the hierarch, is superior to all of the other elements in the set. The first requirement is also interpreted to mean that a hierarchy can have no circular relationships; the association between two objects is always transitive. The second requirement asserts that a hierarchy must have a leader or root that is common to all of the objects.

The patient is affected by the action or state identified by the verb in a sentence. They receive this external action or exhibit a state identified by a verb. E Baba kue(-a) e Bubu ART Baba strike-3ps ART Bubu Baba struck Bubu E Baba kama-kokora ART Baba bad Baba is bad In transitive clauses, the patient noun phrase is encoded by suffixation of the verb with a 3rd person singular affix -a. The accusative marking is optional for noun phrases with given information.

Dawn Turner Trice of the Chicago Tribune argues that there is "something truly unsettling, to say the least, about attaching such a vile word to a scholarship" and expresses concern about the glamorization of the term.Trice, Dawn Turner. "Scholarship is soured by unsavory name", Chicago Tribune, 27 April 2005. In the first years of the 21st century, a new meaning of the word emerged in the form of a transitive verb pimp, which means "to decorate" or "to gussy up" (compare primp, especially in Scottish usage).

I've got a car); Canadian English, however, differs from American English in that it tends to eschew plain got (I got a car), which is a common third option in very informal US English. In speech and in writing, Canadian English speakers permit (and often use) a transitive form for some past participles where only an intransitive form is permitted in most other dialects. Examples include: "finished something" (rather than "finished with something"), "done something" (rather than "done with something"), "graduated university" (rather than "graduated from university").

For n = 3, 4, 5, ... these numbers are :75, 384, 1805, 8100, 35287, 150528, ... . The n-gonal prism graphs for even values of n are partial cubes. They form one of the few known infinite families of cubic partial cubes, and (except for four sporadic examples) the only vertex-transitive cubic partial cubes.. The pentagonal prism is one of the forbidden minors for the graphs of treewidth three.. The triangular prism and cube graph have treewidth exactly three, but all larger prism graphs have treewidth four.

A partially ordered set is a set X together with a binary relation ≤ that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive. A total order is a partial order in which every pair of elements is comparable. A linear extension of a finite partial order is a sequential ordering of the elements of X, with the property that if x ≤ y in the partial order, then x must come before y in the linear extension. In other words, it is a total order compatible with the partial order.

This property and the next state that an agent has introspection about its own knowledge, and are traditionally known as 4 and 5, respectively. The Positive Introspection Axiom, also known as the KK Axiom, says specifically that agents know that they know what they know. This axiom may seem less obvious than the ones listed previously, and Timothy Williamson has argued against its inclusion forcefully in his book, Knowledge and Its Limits. : K_i \varphi \implies K_i K_i \varphi This axiom is valid on any transitive frame.

Qʼanjobʼal consists of groups of roots that can take affixes. Words are traditionally classified as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, intransitive and transitive verbs, particles, and positionals. Positionals are a group of roots which cannot function as words on their own; in combination with affixes they are used to describe relationships of position and location. Particles are words that do not take affixes; they mostly function in adverbial roles, and include such things as interrogative particles, affirmative/negative words, markers of time and location, conjunctions, prepositions and demonstratives.

Sign languages (for example, Nepali Sign Language) should also generally be considered ergative in the patterning of actant incorporation in verbs.MW Morgan (2009) Cross-Linguistic Typology of Argument Encoding in Sign Language Verbal Morphology. Paper presented at Association of Linguistic Typology, Berkeley In sign languages that have been studied, classifier handshapes are incorporated into verbs, indicating the subject of intransitive verbs when incorporated, and the object of transitive verbs. (If we follow the "semantic phonology" model proposed by William Stokoe (1991)William Stokoe (1991) Semantic Phonology.

The etymology of gratin is from the French language words gratter, meaning "to scrape" or "to grate" (for example, "scrapings" of bread or cheese), and gratiné, from the transitive verb form of the word for crust or skin.Gratin from epicurious.com's Food Dictionary The technique predates the current name which did not appear in English until 1846 (OED, s.v. "gratin"). In addition to the well-known potato dishes such as gratin dauphinois, gratin may be applied to many other bases of meat, fish, vegetables, or pasta.

The Coxeter graph is also uniquely determined by its graph spectrum, the set of graph eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix.E. R. van Dam and W. H. Haemers, Spectral Characterizations of Some Distance-Regular Graphs. J. Algebraic Combin. 15, pages 189-202, 2003 As a finite connected vertex- transitive graph that contains no Hamiltonian cycle, the Coxeter graph is a counterexample to a variant of the Lovász conjecture, but the canonical formulation of the conjecture asks for an Hamiltonian path and is verified by the Coxeter graph.

Only five examples of vertex-transitive graph with no Hamiltonian cycles are known : the complete graph K2, the Petersen graph, the Coxeter graph and two graphs derived from the Petersen and Coxeter graphs by replacing each vertex with a triangle.Royle, G. "Cubic Symmetric Graphs (The Foster Census)." The characteristic polynomial of the Coxeter graph is (x-3) (x-2)^8 (x+1)^7 (x^2+2 x-1)^6. It is the only graph with this characteristic polynomial, making it a graph determined by its spectrum.

The characteristic polynomial of the McGee graph is :x^3(x-3)(x-2)^3(x+1)^2(x+2)(x^2+x-4)(x^3+x^2-4x-2)^4. The automorphism group of the McGee graph is of order 32 and doesn't act transitively upon its vertices: there are two vertex orbits, of lengths 8 and 16. The McGee graph is the smallest cubic cage that is not a vertex-transitive graph.Bondy, J. A. and Murty, U. S. R. Graph Theory with Applications.

In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Gray graph is an undirected bipartite graph with 54 vertices and 81 edges. It is a cubic graph: every vertex touches exactly three edges. It was discovered by Marion C. Gray in 1932 (unpublished), then discovered independently by Bouwer 1968 in reply to a question posed by Jon Folkman 1967. The Gray graph is interesting as the first known example of a cubic graph having the algebraic property of being edge but not vertex transitive (see below).

The Petersen graph O3 is a well known non- Hamiltonian graph, but all odd graphs On for n ≥ 4 are known to have a Hamiltonian cycle. As the odd graphs are vertex-transitive, they are thus one of the special cases for which a positive answer to Lovász' conjecture is known. Biggs conjectured more generally that the edges of On can be partitioned into \lfloor n/2\rfloor edge-disjoint Hamiltonian cycles. When n is odd, the leftover edges must then form a perfect matching.

At between about the ages of 4 and 7, children tend to become very curious and ask many questions, beginning the use of primitive reasoning. There is an emergence in the interest of reasoning and wanting to know why things are the way they are. Piaget called it the "intuitive substage" because children realize they have a vast amount of knowledge, but they are unaware of how they acquired it. Centration, conservation, irreversibility, class inclusion, and transitive inference are all characteristics of preoperative thought.

For an oval to be a conic the oval and/or the plane has to fulfill additional conditions. Here are some results: #An oval in an arbitrary projective plane, which fulfills the incidence condition of Pascal's theorem or the 5-point degeneration of it, is a nondegenerate conic.F. Buekenhout: Plans Projectifs à Ovoides Pascaliens, Arch. d. Math. Vol. XVII, 1966, pp. 89-93. #If is an oval in a pappian projective plane and the group of projectivities which leave invariant is 3-transitive, i.e.

Besides the lexical function of tone, tone may also function morphologically and syntactically. Consider the examples below, the first being morphological and the second being syntactical, showing how tone is used in a derivative manner and how tone is used to differentiate intransitive from transitive verbs. : "to eat" : "food" : "to bathe (oneself)" : "to bathe (someone)" Vowel length is predictable and present in Dâw, yet not distinctive lexically. All vowels with a rising or falling tone are long, while all vowels without a tone are short.

As a result, the occurrence of DPs referring to the arguments of verbs is optional and often left out. Joe ominwênimân Maryan 'Joe ((s)he like her/him) Mary' The thematic information is applied verb- internally and not at the sentence level and so the affixes and clitics are arguments. The verb ominwênimân by itself already shows that someone likes another person. The verb is from the third person set of the VTA (transitive animate verb) order and is inflected for a direct action.

Nouns are generally preceded by any modifiers (adjectives, possessives and relative clauses), and verbs also generally follow any modifiers (adverbs, auxiliary verbs and prepositional phrases). The predicate can be an intransitive verb, a transitive verb followed by a direct object, a copula (linking verb) shì () followed by a noun phrase, etc. In predicative use, Chinese adjectives function as stative verbs, forming complete predicates in their own right without a copula. For example, Another example is the common greeting nǐ hăo (你好), literally "you good".

Finally, sometimes a nifal verb has no pa'al counterpart, or at least is much more common than its paʕal counterpart; נִדְבַּק (to stick, intransitive) is a fairly common verb, but דָּבַק (to cling) is all but non-existent by comparison. (Indeed, נִדְבַּק 's transitive counterpart is הִדְבִּיק , of binyan hifʕil; see below.) Like pa'al verbs, nifal verbs are never formed from four-letter roots. Nifal verbs, unlike verbs in the other passive binyanim (pua'al and hufa'al, described below), do have gerunds, infinitives and imperatives.

The resolvent method is just a systematic way to check groups one by one until only one group is possible. This does not mean that every group must be checked: every resolvent can cancel out many possible groups. For example, for degree five polynomials there is never need for a resolvent of D_5: resolvents for A_5 and M_{20} give desired information. One way is to begin from maximal (transitive) subgroups until the right one is found and then continue with maximal subgroups of that.

Two paths of type a = b resp. b = c can be concatenated, forming a path of type a = c; this corresponds to the transitive property of equality. Most importantly, given a path p:a=b, and a proof of some property P(a), the proof can be "transported" along the path p to yield a proof of the property P(b). (Equivalently stated, an object of type P(a) can be turned into an object of type P(b).) This corresponds to the substitution property of equality.

Burushaski verbs have three basic stems: past tense, present tense, and consecutive. The past stem is the citation form and is also used for imperatives and nominalization; the consecutive stem is similar to a past participle and is used for coordination. Agreement on the verb has both nominative and ergative features: transitive verbs and unaccusatives mark both the subject and the object of a clause, while unergatives verbs mark only subject agreement on the verb. Altogether, a verb can take up to four prefixes and six suffixes.

Case is realized in core and semantic case markings. Core case marking includes the ergative case ([-ka]/ [-nga] for feminine kin terms/feminine nominals and [-rni] for other nominals) and the dative case (/-rna/). Semantic/adpositional case markings include the instrumental case to mark inanimate subjects of transitive clauses (/-(w)arndi/, with the rare exception [-marndi]). Semantic/adpositional case markings function differently from core markings; it adds more information to the word it is affixing by actually referencing a location, direction, or some other aspect.

During his research career N. G. Chetaev made a number of significant contributions to Mathematical Theory of Stability, Analytical Mechanics and Mathematical Physics. His major scientific achievements relates to as follows. # The Poincaré equations. They were first obtained by H. Poincaré in the case when the algebra of virtual displacements is transitive and the constraints do not depend explicitly on time, and he applied them to investigate the motion of a solid body with an ellipsoidal cavity, entirely filled by a uniformly vortex moving ideal fluid.

In 1935, George Miller showed that any non-regular transitive permutation group with a regular subgroup is a Zappa–Szép product of the regular subgroup and a point stabilizer. He gives PSL(2,11) and the alternating group of degree 5 as examples, and of course every alternating group of prime degree is an example. This same paper gives a number of examples of groups which cannot be realized as Zappa–Szép products of proper subgroups, such as the quaternion group and the alternating group of degree 6.

PUR:purpose SG:singular DEF:definite ADVZ:adverbializer S:subject (intransitive and transitive) pronoun IDEOPH:ideophone O:object pronoun CONS:consequence clause PAST.REM:remote past DIM:diminutive GEN:genitive INSIDE:inside Goemai (also Ankwe) is an Afro-Asiatic (Chadic, West Chadic A) language spoken in the Great Muri Plains region of Plateau State in central Nigeria, between the Jos Plateau and Benue River. Goemai is also the name of the ethnic group of speakers of the Goemai language. The name 'Ankwe' has been used to refer to the people, especially in older literature and to outsiders.

The families of peptidases are constructed by comparisons of amino acid sequences. A family is assembled around a type example, the sequence of a well-characterized peptidase or inhibitor. All other sequences in the family must be related to the family type example, either directly or through a transitive relationship involving one or more sequences already shown to be family members. Typically, FastA or BlastP is used to establish sequence relationships, with an expect value of 0.001 or lower taken to be statistically significant.

In particular, any sentence of Peano arithmetic is absolute to transitive models of set theory with the same ordinals. Thus it is not possible to use forcing to change the truth value of arithmetical sentences, as forcing does not change the ordinals of the model to which it is applied. Many famous open problems, such as the Riemann hypothesis and the P = NP problem, can be expressed as \Pi^0_2 sentences (or sentences of lower complexity), and thus cannot be proven independent of ZFC by forcing.

This application was the original motivation for Coffman and Graham to develop their algorithm... In the layered graph drawing framework outlined by . the input is a directed graph, and a drawing of a graph is constructed in several stages:. Bastert and Matuszewski also include a description of the Coffman–Graham algorithm; however, they omit the transitive reduction stage of the algorithm. #A feedback arc set is chosen, and the edges of this set reversed, in order to convert the input into a directed acyclic graph.

Group-theoretically, the permutation representation of a regular map M is a transitive permutation group C, on a set \Omega of flags, generated by three fixed-point free involutions r0, r1, r2 satisfying (r0r2)2= I. In this definition the faces are the orbits of F = 0, r1>, edges are the orbits of E = 0, r2>, and vertices are the orbits of V = 1, r2>. More abstractly, the automorphism group of any regular map is the non-degenerate, homomorphic image of a <2,m,n>-triangle group.

QuickTransit is a cross-platform virtualization program developed by Transitive Corporation. It allows software compiled for one specific processor and operating system combination to be executed on a different processor and/or operating system architecture without source code or binary changes. QuickTransit is an extension of the Dynamite technology developed by the University of Manchester Parallel Architectures and Languages research group, which now forms part of the university's Advanced Processor Technologies research group. Silicon Graphics announced QuickTransit’s first availability in October 2004 on its Prism visualization systems.

In mathematical set theory, the multiverse view is that there are many models of set theory, but no "absolute", "canonical" or "true" model. The various models are all equally valid or true, though some may be more useful or attractive than others. The opposite view is the "universe" view of set theory in which all sets are contained in some single ultimate model. The collection of countable transitive models of ZFC (in some universe) is called the hyperverse and is very similar to the "multiverse".

Alternatively, a transitive infinitive can be expressed with the suffix -bel to the verbal theme; notably, these forms are fully inflected for ergative and absolutive cases. Thus the morphemes in j-le-bel-at ("for me to look for you") correspond to (first-person ergative marker)-"look for"-(infinitive marker)-(second person absolutive marker). Like many Mayan languages, Tzeltal has affect verbs, which can be thought of as a subcategory of intransitive verbs. They generally function as secondary predicates, with adverbial function in the phrase.

In a sentence with an intransitive verb, there is no direct object, and the real subject is usually expressed by a noun in the absolutive case. :Жэмахъуэр щыт "The shepherd is standing (there)"; :Пэсакӏуэр макӏуэ "The security guard is going"; :Лӏыр мэжей "The man is sleeping". In these sentences with intransitive verbs, nouns that play role of subject are expressed in the absolutive case: жэмахъуэ-р "shepherd", пэсакӏуэ-р "guard", лӏы-р "man". There are verbs in the Kabardian language that in different contexts and situations can be used both as transitive and intransitive.

At a more technical level, various versions of the Kaldor–Hicks criteria lack desirable formal properties. For instance, Tibor Scitovsky demonstrated that the Kaldor criterion alone is not antisymmetric: it's possible to have a situation where an outcome A is an improvement (according to the Kaldor criterion) over outcome B, but B is also an improvement over A. The combined Kaldor–Hicks criterion does not have this problem, but it can be non-transitive (though A may be an improvement over B, and B over C, A is not thereby an improvement over C).

If the relation described by the graph is transitive, no information is lost as long as we label each vertex with the set of labels of the vertices that were contracted to form it. Another example is the coalescing performed in global graph coloring register allocation, where vertices are contracted (where it is safe) in order to eliminate move operations between distinct variables. Edge contraction is used in 3D modelling packages (either manually, or through some feature of the modelling software) to consistently reduce vertex count, aiding in the creation of low- polygon models.

His other technical contributions include Polyglot object-oriented type system, Alert active database system, Ode (Object database and environment), Alpha (extension of relational databases with generalized transitive closure), Nest distributed system, transaction management, and database machines. Prior to joining Microsoft in March 2006, Rakesh was an IBM Fellow and led the Quest group at the IBM Almaden Research Center. Earlier, he was with the Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill from 1983 to 1989. He also worked for 3 years at a leading Indian company, the Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd.

In Mah Meri, modifiers and demonstratives occur after the head as shown in examples (1) and (2) while prepositions occur before the head as shown in example (3). For transitive clauses, Mah Meri generally follows an Agent-Verb-Object (AVO) order as shown in example (4), but a Verb-Agent-Object (VAO) order is more common during natural discourse as shown in example (5). For intransitive clauses in Mah Meri, both Subject-Verb (SV) and Verb-Subject (VS) orders are possible as shown in examples (6) and (7) respectively.

Both subject and direct object are cross-referenced in the verbal chain, and person agreement is very different in intransitive and transitive verbs. Person agreement is expressed with a complex system involving both prefixes and suffixes; despite the agglutinative nature of the language, each individual combination of person, number, tense etc. is expressed in a way that is far from always straightforward. Besides the finite forms, there are also infinitive, supine (purposive), numerous gerund forms, and a present and past participle, and these are all used with auxiliary verbs to produce further analytic constructions.

"Anchors aweigh" is often misspelled as "Anchor's away," leading to confusion of the terms and the misunderstanding that it means "to drop anchor." Another confusion is evident in the spellings encountered both with and without an apostrophe. Here, it is a matter of distinguishing the singular anchor + contraction of "is" (that is, "anchor's aweigh") from the plural (anchors aweigh), meaning all anchors of the ship are raised. Although the original (now archaic) "aweigh" is verbal and transitive, the "aweigh" used now is adjectival/adverbial in nature and meaning.

A strict weak ordering can be defined on x by declaring two items to be incomparable when they have equal utilities, and otherwise using the numerical comparison, but this necessarily leads to a transitive incomparability relation. Instead, if one sets a numerical threshold (which may be normalized to 1) such that utilities within that threshold of each other are declared incomparable, then a semiorder arises. Specifically, define a binary relation < from X and u by setting x < y whenever u(x) ≤ u(y) − 1\. Then (X,<) is a semiorder.

The basic transitive sentence is of the form SVO, such as awāsisak nipahēwak sīsīpa "the children killed some ducks", but the other forms (SOV, VSO, VOS, OVS, and OSV) are also possible. Subject and object noun phrases both may be omitted. Thus "the children killed some ducks" may also be expressed nipahēwak sīsīpa "they killed some ducks", awāsisak nipahēwak "the children killed them" or nipahēwak "they killed them". It is uncommon in conversation for the subject and object of a verb to be realized by full noun phrases.

Conversely, any invariant subset of X is a union of orbits. The action of G on X is transitive if and only if all elements are equivalent, meaning that there is only one orbit. A G-invariant element of X is such that for all . The set of all such x is denoted XG and called the G-invariants of X. When X is a G-module, XG is the zeroth cohomology group of G with coefficients in X, and the higher cohomology groups are the derived functors of the functor of G-invariants.

One of his first publications was an article titled Cycles of each length in regular tournaments, which was published in the Canadian Mathematical Bulletin (November, 1967). Another influential piece of Brian Alspach is Point- symmetric graphs and digraphs of prime order and transitive permutation groups of prime degree, which was published in the Journal of Combinatorial Theory (August, 1973). In his article titled Isomorphism of circulant graphs and digraphs which was published in Discrete Mathematics (February, 1979). He discusses the isomorphism problem for a special class of graphs.

Its grammatical relations are > identified in subject–verb–object (SVO) order and through the use of > particles similar to English prepositions. Inflection plays no role in the > grammar. Morphemes are typically one syllable in length and combine to form > words without modification to their phonetic structures (tone excepted). > Conversely, the basic structure of a transitive Japanese sentence is SOV, > with the usual syntactic features associated with languages of this > typology, including post positions, that is, grammar particles that appear > after the words and phrases to which they apply.

Often, utility is correlated with words such as happiness, satisfaction, and welfare, and these are hard to measure mathematically. Thus, economists utilize consumption baskets of preferences in order to measure these abstract, non quantifiable ideas. Gérard Debreu precisely defined the conditions required for a preference ordering to be representable by a utility function. For a finite set of alternatives these require only that the preference ordering is complete (so the individual is able to determine which of any two alternatives is preferred, or that they are equally preferred), and that the preference order is transitive.

Other infinite sequences of polyhedral graph formed in a similar way from polyhedra with regular- polygon bases include the antiprism graphs (graphs of antiprisms) and wheel graphs (graphs of pyramids). Other vertex-transitive polyhedral graphs include the Archimedean graphs. If the two cycles of a prism graph are broken by the removal of a single edge in the same position in both cycles, the result is a ladder graph. If these two removed edges are replaced by two crossed edges, the result is a non-planar graph called a Möbius ladder..

Proto- Afroasiatic. Open-access preprint version available. In Yuman and many of the Cushitic languages, however, the nominative is not always marked, for reasons which are not known; there may, therefore, not be a strict case system but rather reflect discourse patterns or other non-semantic parameters. However, the Yuman language Havasupai is reported to have a purely syntactic case system, with a suffix -č marking all subjects of transitive and intransitive verbs but not of the copula; in the Nilotic language Datooga, the system is also reported to be purely syntactic.

He did not prove that there were only 92, but he did conjecture that there were no others. Victor Zalgaller in 1969 proved that Johnson's list was complete. Of the Johnson solids, the elongated square gyrobicupola (J37), also called the pseudorhombicuboctahedron, is unique in being locally vertex- uniform: there are 4 faces at each vertex, and their arrangement is always the same: 3 squares and 1 triangle. However, it is not vertex-transitive, as it has different isometry at different vertices, making it a Johnson solid rather than an Archimedean solid.

The Kripke–Platek set theory with urelements (KPU) is an axiom system for set theory with urelements, based on the traditional (urelement-free) Kripke–Platek set theory. It is considerably weaker than the (relatively) familiar system ZFU. The purpose of allowing urelements is to allow large or high-complexity objects (such as the set of all reals) to be included in the theory's transitive models without disrupting the usual well-ordering and recursion-theoretic properties of the constructible universe; KP is so weak that this is hard to do by traditional means.

The paradigm of the verb is only partially known. As with the noun, the morphemes that a verb may contain come in a certain sequence that can be formalized as a "verb chain": root - root complements (of unclear meaning) - ergative third person plural suffix - valency markers (intransitive/transitive) - other person suffixes (expressing mostly the absolutive subject/object). It is not clear if and how tense or aspect were signalled. The valency markers are -a- (rarely -i-) for intransitivity and -u- for transitivity: for example nun-a-də "I came" vs šidišt-u-nə "he built".

There are some logic systems that do not have any notion of equality. This reflects the undecidability of the equality of two real numbers, defined by formulas involving the integers, the basic arithmetic operations, the logarithm and the exponential function. In other words, there cannot exist any algorithm for deciding such an equality. The binary relation "is approximately equal" (denoted by the symbol \approx) between real numbers or other things, even if more precisely defined, is not transitive (since many small differences can add up to something big).

Non- verbal predicative clauses are usually equational or ascriptive (with the meaning 'X is Y'). In a non-vebal predicative clause the subject precedes the predicate, except in focus constructions where the order is reversed. The negation particle precedes the predicate. :ni-ngú ndɨ^té 'your house is big' :your-house big :thɛ̌ngɨ ʔnį́ 'its red, the pepper' (focus) :red pepper Equational clauses can also be complex: :títa habɨ ditá yɨ khą́ ʔí 'the sweat house is where people bathe' :sweathouse where bathe the people Clauses with a verb can be intransitive or transitive.

Grayfolded is a two-CD album produced by John Oswald featuring the Grateful Dead song "Dark Star". Using over a hundred different performances of the song, recorded live between 1968 and 1993, Oswald, using a process he calls "plunderphonics", built, layered, and "folded" all of them to produce two large, recomposed versions, each about one hour long. The first disc of Grayfolded, titled Transitive Axis, was released in 1994, and the second disc, Mirror Ashes, was released in 1995, both on the Swell/Artifacts label. The two discs were released together in 1996.

Typically, the situation is denoted by a sentence, the action by a verb in the sentence, and the patient by a noun phrase. For example, in the sentence "Jack ate the cheese", "the cheese" is the patient. In certain languages, the patient is declined for case or otherwise marked to indicate its grammatical role. In Japanese, for instance, the patient is typically affixed with the particle o (hiragana を) when used with active transitive verbs, and the particle ga (hiragana が) when used with inactive intransitive verbs or adjectives.

The term irrumare is likewise a transitive verb, meaning to "insert one's penis into another person's mouth for suckling", and derives from the Latin word, rūma meaning "udder" (as in: "to give something to suck on"). A male who suckles a penis is denoted as a fellator or, equivalently, a pathicus (line 2). Catullus neither confirms nor denies the claim of Aurelius and Furius that he is "not a man", since sexual slang "irrumare" and "pedicare" while having sexual slang meaning of homosexuality, could also mean as little as "go to hell".

Mirror planes were introduced in the Third Edition Manual of the Planes as an optional group of transitive planes. They are small planes that each connect to a group of mirrors that can be located in any other planes throughout the multiverse. A mirror plane takes the form of a long, winding corridor with the mirrors it attaches to hanging like windows along the walls. Mirror planes allow quick travel between the various mirrors that are linked to each, but each plane contains a mirror version of any traveler that enters it.

The second part of the problem asks whether there exists a polyhedron which tiles 3-dimensional Euclidean space but is not the fundamental region of any space group; that is, which tiles but does not admit an isohedral (tile-transitive) tiling. Such tiles are now known as anisohedral. In asking the problem in three dimensions, Hilbert was probably assuming that no such tile exists in two dimensions; this assumption later turned out to be incorrect. The first such tile in three dimensions was found by Karl Reinhardt in 1928.

The labels not to the quality of the action but which person is acting on which other grammatical person. For example, "I see him/her" (ni...wāpam...ā...w) is a direct action because the first person is acting upon the third and "He/she sees me" (ni...wāpam...ikw...w) because it is the third person acting upon the first. In Cree, the order of "directness" is second person, first person, third person. Transitive Inanimate Verbs and Animate Intransitive Verbs also have the option of relational or non-relational forms.

It follows from the first two conditions that a pseudo-order is transitive. The second condition is often called co-transitivity or comparison and is the constructive substitute for trichotomy. In general, given two elements of a pseudo-ordered set, it is not always the case that either one is less than the other or else they are equal, but given any nontrivial interval, any element is either above the lower bound, or below the upper bound. The third condition is often taken as the definition of equality.

In Shawnee phonology, consonant length is contrastive. Words may not begin with vowels, and between a morpheme ending with a vowel and one starting with a vowel, a [y] is inserted. Shawnee does not allow word-final consonants and long vowels. ;Consonant length :/k/ and /kk/ contrast in the following verbal affixes ye-kkil-a-ki SUB-hide-DIR-3sAO when (I) hide him ye-kkil-a-kki SUB-hide-DIR-3pAO when (I) hide them These affixes (-ki, -kki) are object markers in the transitive animate subordinate mode.

Chiefly in British English, the transitive verb to gazette means "to announce or publish in a gazette"; especially where gazette refers to a public journal or a newspaper of record. For example, "Lake Nakuru was gazetted as a bird sanctuary in 1960 and upgraded to National Park status in 1968." British Army personnel decorations, promotions, and officer commissions are gazetted in the London Gazette, the "Official Newspaper of Record for the United Kingdom". Gazettal (a noun) is the act of gazetting; for example, "the gazettal of the bird sanctuary".

Cases in Klallam use an active-stative distinction. That is the choice of case depends on whether the actor is in control of the action (active) or not (stative). The suffix -t on a verb indicates control by the actor while a bare root implies the action was not on purpose. For example, in ćáɁkʷ cn ɁaɁ cə nətán "I got washed by my mother", the root is unmarked, but in ćáɁkʷt cn ɁaɁ cə nəŋənaɁ "I washed my child", the -t transitive suffix marks that the agent was in control of the action.

Normally, it brings in a new argument (the causer), A, into a transitive clause, with the original subject S becoming the object O. All languages have ways to express causation but differ in the means. Most, if not all, languages have specific or lexical causative forms (such as English rise → raise, lie → lay, sit → set). Some languages also have morphological devices (such as inflection) that change verbs into their causative forms or change adjectives into verbs of becoming. Other languages employ periphrasis, with control verbs, idiomatic expressions or auxiliary verbs.

Since intransitive verbs have low valency, virtually any type of causative construction can apply to them productively within a language. Some constructions are only allowed with intransitive verbs and some languages (such as Arabic, Blackfoot, and Gothic) only allow causatives of intransitive verbs, with some exceptions. In all cases, the original subject of the underlying intransitive verb corresponds with the object of the derived transitive verb. All languages have this construction, though some allow a semantic difference if the original subject is marked differently (such as Japanese and Hungarian).

Golla, in his (1970) descriptive grammar of Hupa (summarized in Sapir and Golla (2001)), describes three classes of morphologically-derived causatives: While Golla does not generalize about the semantics of verb themes that are compatible with causative ƚ-, several preliminary generalizations can be made. Firstly, in the three cases described by Golla, O [the undergoer] is neither controlling nor agentive; O is largely patientive in all cases. Secondly, the causer appears to be acting directly on O. Thirdly, none of the examples given (including the examples above) involve the causativization of a base- transitive theme.

Such examples of initial ambiguity resulting from a "reduced relative with [a] potentially intransitive verb" ("The horse raced in the barn fell.") can be contrasted with the lack of ambiguity for a non-reduced relative ("The horse that was raced in the barn fell.") or with a reduced relative with an unambiguously transitive verb ("The horse frightened in the barn fell."). As with other examples, one explanation for the initial misunderstanding by the reader is that a sequence of phrases tends to be analysed in terms of the frequent pattern: agent – action – patient.

Niuean can be considered a VSO language; however, one analysis of Niuean uses ergative terminology, in which case it may be better to speak of verb–agent–patient word order. Because the unmarked case is the absolutive, Niuean transitive verb constructions often appear passive in a literal translation. Compare : : TENSE see AGENT he ARTICLE crab : "The crab was seen by him" and : : TENSE see ARTICLE crab : "The crab was seen" The first example sentence could also be translated into English as the nominative–accusative construction "He saw the crab".

A partial tiling of the plane by Heesch's anisohedral tile. There are two symmetry classes of tiles, one containing the blue and green tiles and the other containing the red and yellow tiles. As Heesch proved, this tile cannot tile the plane with only one symmetry class. In geometry, a shape is said to be anisohedral if it admits a tiling, but no such tiling is isohedral (tile- transitive); that is, in any tiling by that shape there are two tiles that are not equivalent under any symmetry of the tiling.

In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Desargues graph is a distance- transitive cubic graph with 20 vertices and 30 edges. It is named after Girard Desargues, arises from several different combinatorial constructions, has a high level of symmetry, is the only known non-planar cubic partial cube, and has been applied in chemical databases. The name "Desargues graph" has also been used to refer to a ten-vertex graph, the complement of the Petersen graph, which can also be formed as the bipartite half of the 20-vertex Desargues graph..

A set A\, is called admissible if it is transitive and \langle A,\in \rangle is a model of Kripke–Platek set theory. An ordinal number α is called an admissible ordinal if Lα is an admissible set. The ordinal α is an admissible ordinal if and only if α is a limit ordinal and there does not exist a γ < α for which there is a Σ1(Lα) mapping from γ onto α. If M is a standard model of KP, then the set of ordinals in M is an admissible ordinal.

From the pilot program's inception to May 2015, 20.27 MtCO2e had been traded for a total value of 720 million CNY. The carbon price for Shenzhen and Guangdong were the greatest, ranging from 60 to 80 CNY. The price fluctuated more in Shenzhen and Tianjin when compared to other pilots, especially near the compliance period deadline and near the beginning of new periods. The transitive behavior of the carbon market is a result more so of trading entities' understanding of policy and the timing of carbon data acquisition rather than market demand.

Persistence is said to be "orthogonal" or "transparent" when it is implemented as an intrinsic property of the execution environment of a program. An orthogonal persistence environment does not require any specific actions by programs running in it to retrieve or save their state. Non- orthogonal persistence requires data to be written and read to and from storage using specific instructions in a program, resulting in the use of persist as a transitive verb: On completion, the program persists the data. The advantage of orthogonal persistence environments is simpler and less error-prone programs.

Two causative suffixes are possible: '- 'go up', 'pick up', 'cause to pick up'. The causative may be followed by the passive or the autobenefactive; in this case the s of the causative is replaced by f: '- 'return (intransitive)', 'return (transitive), answer', 'be returned, be answered', 'get back for oneself'. Another derived verbal aspect is the frequentative or "intensive," formed by copying the first consonant and vowel of the verb root and geminating the second occurrence of the initial consonant. The resulting stem indicates the repetition or intensive performance of the action of the verb.

Al (2001), and proposes that the hippocampus does three things with episodic memory: # Mediates the recording of episodic memories # Identifies common features between episodes # Links these common episodes in a memory space. To support this model, a version of Piaget's Transitive Inference Task was used to show that the hippocampus is in fact used as the memory space. When experiencing an event for the first time, a link is formed in the hippocampus allowing us to recall that event in the future. Separate links are also made for features related to that event.

The first recorded usage of google used as a gerund, thus supposing an intransitive verb, was on July 8, 1998, by Google co-founder Larry Page himself, who wrote on a mailing list: "Have fun and keep googling!". Its earliest known use (as a transitive verb) on American television was in the "Help" episode of Buffy the Vampire Slayer (October 15, 2002), when Willow asked Buffy, "Have you googled her yet?" On February 23, 2003, Google sent a cease and desist letter to Paul McFedries, creator of Word Spy, a website that tracks neologisms.Duffy, Jonathan.

Partial orders thus generalize total orders, in which every pair is comparable. Formally, a partial order is any binary relation that is reflexive (each element is comparable to itself), antisymmetric (no two different elements precede each other), and transitive (the start of a chain of precedence relations must precede the end of the chain). One familiar example of a partially ordered set is a collection of people ordered by genealogical descendancy. Some pairs of people bear the descendant-ancestor relationship, but other pairs of people are incomparable, with neither being a descendant of the other.

A (non-strict) partial order is a homogeneous binary relation ≤ over a set P satisfying particular axioms which are discussed below. When a ≤ b, we say that a is related to b. (This does not imply that b is also related to a, because the relation need not be symmetric.) The axioms for a non-strict partial order state that the relation ≤ is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive. That is, for all a, b, and c in P, it must satisfy: # a ≤ a (reflexivity: every element is related to itself).

Valence plays an important role in a number of the syntactic frameworks that have been developed in the last few decades. In generalized phrase structure grammar (GPSG),Concerning GPSG, see Gazdar et al. (1985). many of the phrase structure rules generate the class of verbs with a particular valence. For example, the following rule generates the class of transitive verbs: ::VP → H NP [love] H stands for the head of the VP, that is the part which shares the same category as the VP, in this case, the verb.

Past participles, unlike present participles and gerundives, may be inflected to show gender and number by adding -e and -s, as with a normal adjective. Hence, "un fruit confit", "une poire confite", "des fruits confits", and "des poires confites." As they are passive participles, this inflection only occurs with transitive verbs, and with certain reflexive verbs. The plain (masculine singular) form of a past participle may end in -é (1st group verbs, naître [né], être [été] and aller [allé]), -i (2nd group; sortir [sorti], partir [parti], etc.), -u (entendre [entendu], boire [bu], lire [lu], etc.

Jessen's icosahedron is vertex-transitive (or isogonal), meaning that it has symmetries taking any vertex to any other vertex. Its dihedral angles are all right angles. One can use it as the basis for the construction of a large family of polyhedra with right dihedral angles, formed by gluing copies of Jessen's icosahedron together on their equilateral-triangle faces. net for Jessen's icosahedron, suitable for making a (shaky) physical model Although it is not a flexible polyhedron, Jessen's icosahedron is also not infinitesimally rigid; that is, it is a "shaky polyhedron".

Gradual typing is a type system in which variables may be assigned a type either at compile-time (which is static typing) or at run-time (which is dynamic typing), allowing software developers to choose either type paradigm as appropriate, from within a single language. In particular, gradual typing uses a special type named dynamic to represent statically-unknown types, and gradual typing replaces the notion of type equality with a new relation called consistency that relates the dynamic type to every other type. The consistency relation is symmetric but not transitive.

Some clustering algorithms use single- linkage clustering, constructing a transitive closure of sequences with a similarity over a particular threshold. UCLUST and CD-HIT use a greedy algorithm that identifies a representative sequence for each cluster and assigns a new sequence to that cluster if it is sufficiently similar to the representative; if a sequence is not matched then it becomes the representative sequence for a new cluster. The similarity score is often based on sequence alignment. Sequence clustering is often used to make a non- redundant set of representative sequences.

As this loop is infinitely recursive, sets that are the edges violate the axiom of foundation. In particular, there is no transitive closure of set membership for such hypergraphs. Although such structures may seem strange at first, they can be readily understood by noting that the equivalent generalization of their Levi graph is no longer bipartite, but is rather just some general directed graph. The generalized incidence matrix for such hypergraphs is, by definition, a square matrix, of a rank equal to the total number of vertices plus edges.

Vincenzo Fano provides an illustration of the point that holism of the mental generates anomalism. Fano asks us to first consider the attribution of length to a table. To do this, we must assume a set of laws concerning the interaction between the table and the measuring apparatus: the length of the table doesn't vary significantly during the measurement, length must be an additive quantity, "longer than" must be an asymmetric, transitive relation and so forth. By assuming these laws and carrying out a few operations, we reach the result of the measurement.

Proto-Anatolian retained the nominal case system of Proto-Indo-European, including the vocative, nominative, accusative, instrumental, dative, genitive, and locative cases, and innovated an additional allative case. Nouns distinguish singular and plural numbers, as well as a collective plural for inanimates in Old Hittite and remnant dual forms for natural pairs. The Anatolian branch also has a split-ergative system based on gender, with inanimate nouns being marked in the ergative case when the subject of a transitive verb. This may be an areal influence from nearby non-IE ergative languages like Hurrian.

Georgian has seven noun cases: nominative, ergative, dative, genitive, instrumental, adverbial and vocative. An interesting feature of Georgian is that, while the subject of a sentence is generally in the nominative case, and the object is in the accusative case (or dative), in Georgian, one can find this reversed in many situations (this depends mainly on the character of the verb). This is called the dative construction. In the past tense of the transitive verbs, and in the present tense of the verb "to know", the subject is in the ergative case.

The function of the prefix and nasal derivations from the basic form differ by dialect. For example, eastern dialects of Sasak have three types of nasalization: the first marks transitive verbs, the second is used for predicate focus, and the third is for a durative action with a non-specific patient. Imperative and hortative sentences use the basic form. Sasak has a variety of clitics, a grammatical unit pronounced as part of a word (like an affix) but a separate word syntactically—similar to the English language clitic 'll.

The 1936 Slippery Rock Rockets football team represented Slippery Rock State Normal School—now known as Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania—in the 1936 college football season. In N. Kerr Thompson's 16th year as head coach, the Rockets compiled a 6–3 record and outscored their opponents 93 to 70. They went 3–1 against conference opponents, finishing fourth in the Pennsylvania State Teachers conference. The team is most famous for a news story that circulated around the United States and used the transitive property to declare Slippery Rock the national champion.

The product was at first marketed as System p AVE (System p Application Virtual Environment) and was incorrectly reported as PAVE (Portable Advanced Virtualization Emulator) in the press but the name has since changed to PowerVM Lx86. Lx86 was based on the QuickTransit dynamic translator from Transitive, the same that Apple uses for its Rosetta emulation layer that enables Mac OS X to run unmodified PowerPC binaries on their Intel- based Macintoshes. All versions and releases of the Lx86 product were withdrawn from marketing in September 2011, with support discontinued in April 2013.

The cube-connected cycles of order n is the Cayley graph of a group that acts on binary words of length n by rotation and flipping bits of the word.(; ). The generators used to form this Cayley graph from the group are the group elements that act by rotating the word one position left, rotating it one position right, or flipping its first bit. Because it is a Cayley graph, it is vertex-transitive: there is a symmetry of the graph mapping any vertex to any other vertex.

Intransitive verbs only have a subject and no direct object (though a few govern an indirect object marked simply with the dative case). Most verbs in this class have a subject that does not perform or control the action of the verb (for example, "die", "happen"). The passive voice of Class 1 transitive verbs belong in this class too, for example "be eaten", "be killed" and "be received". In addition, the verbal form of adjectives also have their intransitive counterparts: the intransitive verb for the adjective "deaf" is "to become deaf".

The territory of Municipality Parvomay belongs to the area of transitive Mediterranean climate. The average temperature in January is 1˚С, and about 25˚ С in July. The summer is dry and hot and the winter is comparatively mild. Unlike the nearby winter resort of Pamporovo to the south in the Rhodope Mountains the snowfall in the north of the area is thin and does not last being a little heavier in the south, although the snow of the Winter of 2009 was unusually heavy (50–60 cm).

He dedicated his work to the leader of the Jews of Spain at the time, Hasdai ibn Shaprut. In his book, he was the first Hebrew grammarian to distinguish between transitive and intransitive verbs, the first to list verbs by their three-letter roots in the Paal construction, and the first to distinguish between "light" and "heavy" roots. He also condemned Menahem ben Saruq for failing to see the relationship between Hebrew and Arabic. Dunash also wrote a book containing two hundred reservations about the teachings of his old mentor, Saadia Gaon.

Chiquihuitlán Mazatec inflects for four aspects: completive, continuative, incompletive, as well as a neutral or unmarked aspect. Completive aspect is formed by prefixing /ka-/ to the neutral verb form, continuative is formed by prefixing /ti-/. The incompletive aspect has a distinct set of stem forming prefixes as well as distinct tone patterns. In incompletive transitive verbs, only the first-person singular and the third-person prefixes vary from the corresponding neutral forms; the first-person plural and the second-person forms are identical to the corresponding neutral forms.

P banana give-IMP Marta DAT 'Paruwe told/dictated to me to give the banana to Marta.' There is also a form where -py doesn't appear with a lexicalized verb, such as in examples (29) and (30), where -py attaches to the verbs ‘bleed’ and ‘laugh’. It also seems that intransitive verbs like these, behave like transitive verbs when they take a causative form like V[Intr+Caus [A O (Bruno 101). (29) kyka ram ka hu-myny-tah-py-pia. 1+2PRO 2PART 3PRO 1+2A-bleed-VERBL-CAUS-IM.

In mathematics, a nilmanifold is a differentiable manifold which has a transitive nilpotent group of diffeomorphisms acting on it. As such, a nilmanifold is an example of a homogeneous space and is diffeomorphic to the quotient space N/H, the quotient of a nilpotent Lie group N modulo a closed subgroup H. This notion was introduced by Anatoly Mal'cev in 1951. In the Riemannian category, there is also a good notion of a nilmanifold. A Riemannian manifold is called a homogeneous nilmanifold if there exist a nilpotent group of isometries acting transitively on it.

The requirement that the transitive nilpotent group acts by isometries leads to the following rigid characterization: every homogeneous nilmanifold is isometric to a nilpotent Lie group with left-invariant metric (see Wilson). Nilmanifolds are important geometric objects and often arise as concrete examples with interesting properties; in Riemannian geometry these spaces always have mixed curvature, almost flat spaces arise as quotients of nilmanifolds, and compact nilmanifolds have been used to construct elementary examples of collapse of Riemannian metrics under the Ricci flow.Chow, Bennett; Knopf, Dan, The Ricci flow: an introduction. Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, 110.

Since pancake graphs have many interesting properties such as symmetric and recursive structures (they are Cayley graphs, thus are vertex-transitive), sublogarithmic degree and diameter, and are relatively sparse (compared to e.g. hypercubes), much attention is paid to them as a model of interconnection networks for parallel computers. When we regard the pancake graphs as the model of the interconnection networks, the diameter of the graph is a measure that represents the delay of communication.Kumar, V., Grama, A., Gupta, A., Karypis, G.: Introduction to Parallel Computing: Design and Analysis of Algorithms.

They soon focused on a possible one containing the Mathieu group M22, which has permutation representations on 22 and 77 points. (The latter representation arises because the M22 Steiner system has 77 blocks.) By putting together these two representations, they found HS, with a one-point stabilizer isomorphic to M22. HS is the simple subgroup of index two in the group of automorphisms of the Higman–Sims graph. The Higman–Sims graph has 100 nodes, so the Higman–Sims group HS is a transitive group of permutations of a 100 element set.

In English, these words would fall into other categories, namely adjectives, adverbs, and verbs, both transitive and intransitive. The minor classes or particles are words that do not take affixes; they mostly function in adverbial roles, and include such things as interrogative particles, affirmative/negative words, markers of time and location, conjunctions, prepositions and demonstratives. In addition to these officially recognized classes, there are a few other groups of words which do not fall neatly into any of the above categories. These groups are articles, pronouns, numbers, affectives, and words used for measurement.

Stative verbs are verbs that do not imply willful control of the action by its subject. They tend to be intransitive and the subject tends to be marked by the absolutive case. One group of stative verbs, called "direct impersonbal verbs" by Haas, use the object prefixes to mark the subject, and another group, "indirect impersonal verbs", use the prefixes that are otherwise used to refer to indirect objects or benefactives. There are a few transitive stative verbs such as the dependent verb "to be tired of something".

When it is mentioned, it is described as "an expression synonymous with 'B-series' when the latter is shorn of its temporal connotations" (Shorter 1986: 226). There is a grain of truth in this, but there is more to the C-series than this. Stripping the temporal features from the B-series only gives what the C- and B-series have minimally in common, notably the constituents of the series and the formal characteristics of being linear, asymmetric, and transitive. However, the C-series has features that the B-series does not have.

A common minimal pair for modern RP speakers is band and banned . Australian speakers who use ‘span’ as the past tense of ‘spin’ also have a minimal pair between longer (meaning width or the transitive verb with a river or divide) and , the past tense of ‘spin’ (). Other minimal pairs found in Australian English include ‘Manning’ (the surname) and ‘manning’ (the present participle and gerund of the verb ‘to man’) as well as 'planet' versus 'plan it' . Apart from Jones's, dictionaries rarely show a difference between these varieties of .

In those sentences, the action (falling, breaking) can be considered as something that happened to the subject, rather than being initiated by it. Semantically, the word "tree" in the sentence "the tree fell" plays a similar role as it does in a transitive sentence, such as "they cut down the tree", or its passive transformation "the tree was cut down". Unaccusative verbs thus contrast with unergative verbs, such as run or resign, which describe actions voluntarily initiated by the subject. They are called unaccusative because although the subject has the semantic role of a patient, it is not assigned accusative case.

SKOS mapping properties are intended to express matching (exact or fuzzy) of concepts from one concept scheme to another, and by convention are used only to connect concepts from different schemes. The concepts `relatedMatch`, `broadMatch`, and `narrowMatch` are a convenience, with the same meaning as the semantic properties `related`, `broader`, and `narrower`. (See previous section regarding the meanings of broader and narrower.) The property relatedMatch makes a simple associative relationship between two concepts. When concepts are so closely related that they can generally be used interchangeably, `exactMatch` is the appropriate property (exactMatch relations are transitive, unlike any of the other Match relations).

The late 2000s were another transitive period for WPLS. The station underwent a year of radio silence during the 2008-09 academic year due to a severe lightning strike that disabled the station's transmitter, which was located on the football field and lacked a surge protector. During this time, WPLS relied entirely on online streaming and shared a succession of websites that failed to stay online for more than a year or two at a time. In 2009, the station purchased a new transmitter with a limited broadcasting range of about 5 miles and resumed broadcasting both online and over the air.

It is also possible to change the proxy at any time. In 2005, in a pilot study in Pakistan, Structural Deep Democracy, SD2 was used for leadership selection in a sustainable agriculture group called Contact Youth. SD2 uses PageRank for the processing of the transitive proxy votes, with the additional constraints of mandating at least two initial proxies per voter, and all voters are proxy candidates. More complex variants can be built on top of SD2, such as adding specialist proxies and direct votes for specific issues, but SD2 as the underlying umbrella system, mandates that generalist proxies should always be used.

A McDonald's franchise in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada Franchising is based on a marketing concept which can be adopted by an organization as a strategy for business expansion. Where implemented, a franchisor licenses its know-how, procedures, intellectual property, use of its business model, brand, and rights to sell its branded products and services to a franchisee. In return the franchisee pays certain fees and agrees to comply with certain obligations, typically set out in a Franchise Agreement. The word "franchise" is of Anglo-French derivation—from franc, meaning free—and is used both as a noun and as a (transitive) verb.

A few alignment algorithms output site-specific scores that allow the selection of high-confidence regions. Such a service was first offered by the SOAP program, which tests the robustness of each column to perturbation in the parameters of the popular alignment program CLUSTALW. The T-Coffee program uses a library of alignments in the construction of the final MSA, and its output MSA is colored according to confidence scores that reflect the agreement between different alignments in the library regarding each aligned residue. Its extension, TCS : (Transitive Consistency Score), uses T-Coffee libraries of pairwise alignments to evaluate any third party MSA.

As in many Oceanic languages, not only verbs but also nouns (as well as other syntactic categories) are predicative in Araki. Nouns differ from verbs in being directly predicative, which means that they do not have to be preceded by a subject clitic. Also, only nouns are able to refer directly to entities of the world, and make them arguments entering into larger sentence structures. Syntactically speaking, a noun can be either the subject of a sentence, the object of a transitive verb or the object of a preposition, all syntactic slots which are forbidden to verbs or adjectives.

Reduplication is prefixal and is formed by taking the first consonant (if there is one) and the first vowel and then adding /:n/, where the colon indicates that the preceding vowel is elongated. The /n/ is deleted in the presence of a subsequent consonant. For example, cebísee- ('to walk past') after reduplication becomes cée[n]cebísee- ('to walk back and forth past'). There are multiple usages of reduplication in Arapaho including pluralizing implied, secondary, and inanimate objects of (di)transitive verbs; indicating repeating and habitual action (extend the space and time a verb occurs in general), and intensifying.

According to Denny (1978), Wolfart identifies intransitive verbs with transitive stems as clear examples of noun incorporation because they can be reworded with the medial replaced by independent nouns. The example nōcihiskwēwēw "he chases women" is given to illustrate the inclusion of the noun woman iskwēw within the verb complex, which can be paraphrased as iskwēwa nōcihēw "he pursues a woman". Denny (1978) contends that these sentences have an importance semantic difference in that the meaning of the incorporative form is narrower and denotes habitual action. He argues that the medial, or noun classifier, has taken on an adverbial meaning in this context.

The name "classifier" is confusing to non-Athabaskanists since it implies a classificatory function that is not obvious. Franz Boas first described it for Tlingit, saying "it is fairly clear that the primary function of these elements is a classificatory one" (Boas 1917:28), a not inaccurate statement given that it does enter into the classificatory verb system. Previously Edward Sapir had noted it in his seminal essay on the Na-Dene family, calling it a "'third modal element'" (Sapir 1915:540). He described it as indicating "such notions as transitive, intransitive, and passive" (id.), thus having voice and valency related functions.

The city's name as it is locally pronounced is "Asfi", which was Latinized as "Safi" and "Safim" under Portuguese rule. "Asfi" means flood or river estuary in Berber and comes from the Berber verbal root "ffey/sfi/sfey" which means to flood, to spill or to pour.The Arabic Berber Dictionary by Mohamed Chafik, Morocco - The Arabic verbs أفاض (to flood) and سكب (to spill) and صب (to pour) equal in Berber: "ffey" (intransitive verb) and "sfey" (transitive verb). And the Arabic nouns المسكبة (spilling place) and المصب (estuary, river mouth) equal in Berber: "asfi" and "asafi".

There is an interesting anecdote about his proof that the transitive closure algorithm, now known as Warshall's algorithm, is correct. He and a colleague at Technical Operations bet a bottle of rum on who first could determine whether this algorithm always works. Warshall came up with his proof overnight, winning the bet and the rum, which he shared with the loser of the bet. Because Warshall did not like sitting at a desk, he did much of his creative work in unconventional places such as on a sailboat in the Indian Ocean or in a Greek lemon orchard.

The Levi graph of the Fano plane is the Heawood graph. Since the Heawood graph is connected and vertex-transitive, there exists an automorphism (such as the one defined by a reflection about the vertical axis in the figure of the Heawood graph) interchanging black and white vertices. This, in turn, implies that the Fano plane is self-dual. The specific representation, on the left, of the Levi graph of the Möbius-Kantor configuration (example #4 above) illustrates that a rotation of about the center (either clockwise or counterclockwise) of the diagram interchanges the blue and red vertices and maps edges to edges.

So Q+Con(T) is always stronger (in one good sense) than T is. But Gentzen's theory trivially interprets Q+Con(PA), since it contains Q and proves Con(PA), and so Gentzen's theory interprets PA. But, by Pudlák's result, PA cannot interpret Gentzen's theory, since Gentzen's theory (as just said) interprets Q+Con(PA), and interpretability is transitive. That is: If PA did interpret Gentzen's theory, then it would also interpret Q+Con(PA) and so would be inconsistent, by Pudlák's result. So, in the sense of consistency strength, as characterized by interpretability, Gentzen's theory is stronger than Peano arithmetic.

A system of imprimitivity is homogeneous of multiplicity n, where 1 ≤ n ≤ ω if and only if the corresponding projection-valued measure π on X is homogeneous of multiplicity n. In fact, X breaks up into a countable disjoint family {Xn} 1 ≤ n ≤ ω of Borel sets such that π is homogeneous of multiplicity n on Xn. It is also easy to show Xn is G invariant. Lemma. Any system of imprimitivity is an orthogonal direct sum of homogeneous ones. It can be shown that if the action of G on X is transitive, then any system of imprimitivity on X is homogeneous.

This result is of particular interest when the action of H on X is such that every ergodic quasi-invariant measure on X is transitive. In that case, each such measure is the image of (a totally finite version) of Haar measure on X by the map : g \mapsto g \cdot x_0. A necessary condition for this to be the case is that there is a countable set of H invariant Borel sets which separate the orbits of H. This is the case for instance for the action of the Lorentz group on the character space of R4.

In Siouan languages like Lakota, in principle almost all words—according to their structure—are verbs. So not only (transitive, intransitive and so-called "stative") verbs but even nouns often behave like verbs and do not need to have copulas. For example, the word wičháša refers to a man, and the verb "to-be-a-man" is expressed as wimáčhaša/winíčhaša/wičháša (I am/you are/he is a man). Yet there also is a copula héčha (to be a ...) that in most cases is used: wičháša hemáčha/heníčha/héčha (I am/you are/he is a man).

If a walk-regular graph admits perfect state transfer, then all of its eigenvalues are integers. If G is a graph in a homogeneous coherent algebra that admits perfect state transfer at time t, such as e.g. a vertex-transitive graph or a graph in an association scheme, then all of the vertices on G admit perfect state transfer at time t. Moreover, a graph G must have a perfect matching that admits perfect state transfer if it admits perfect state transfer between a pair of adjacent vertices and is a graph in a homogeneous coherent algebra.

One year after the Bolsheviks took power, they ratified the 1918 Code on Marriage, the Family and Guardianship. The revolutionary jurists, led by Alexander Goikhbarg, adhered to the revolutionary principals of Marx, Engels, and Lenin when drafting the codes. Goikhbarg considered the nuclear family unit to be a necessary but transitive social arrangement that would quickly be phased out by the growing communal resources of the state and would eventually “wither away”. The jurists intended for the code to provide a temporary legal framework to maintain protections for women and children until a system of total communal support could be established.

Kutnar’s main research area is algebraic graph theory. At the beginning of her research career, she also worked in mathematical chemistry. She is noted for her contribution to the study of the structural properties of particular families of symmetric graphs and in particular, her role in developing the original method of embedding graphs on surfaces to solve special cases of the well-known Lovász conjecture: the problem of finding Hamiltonian paths and cycles in vertex-transitive and Cayley graphs. She is a member of the research program P1-0285, financed by the Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS) and led by Prof.

An additional detail is that when the first-person singular dative suffix -mə is added, the third-person singular absolutive suffix -nə is dropped. It should also be noted that the encoding of the person of the absolutive subject/object is present, even though it is also explicitly mentioned in the sentence: e.g. argište-šə inə arə šu-nə "Argišti established(-it) this granary". An exceptional verb is man- "to be", in that it has a transitive valency vowel, and takes no absolutive suffix for the third person singular: man-u "it was" vs man-u-lə "they were".

The identifying function is exemplified when case morphology encodes (identifies) specific semantic, thematic, or pragmatic properties or information about the nominal argument. Accusative case in the position of the direct object, for example, can be a strong identifier of patienthood. The distinguishing function is used to distinguish between the core arguments, the subject and the object, of a transitive clause. Helen de Hoop and Andrej Malchukov explain the motivation and need for the distinguishing function in "Case marking strategies": It is rare for case to serve only the distinguishing function, which overlaps greatly with the ‘identify’ function.

Antipassives frequently convey aspectual or modal information and may cast the clause as imperfective, inceptive, or potential. The purpose of antipassive construction is often to make certain arguments available as pivots for relativization, coordination of sentences, or similar constructions. For example, in Dyirbal the omitted argument in conjoined sentences must be in absolutive case. Thus, the following sentence is ungrammatical: : :- man- come- - woman- see- :'The man came and saw the woman' In the conjoined sentence, the omitted argument (the man) would have to be in ergative case, being the agent of a transitive verb (to see).

A series of studies by Piaget and Szeminska in 1941 and Piaget and Inhelder in 1967 revealed a horizontal décalage of approximately three years on tasks of length and weight seriation. The scientists tested 37 five- to ten-year-old boys and girls. In the length seriation task of this experiment, the subjects were made to order seven sticks from shortest to longest. In a variation of this task, called the "hidden length experiment," the children were made to order the sticks, but were only able to look at two sticks at a time, forcing them to employ the transitive property.

The algebra of sets is the set-theoretic analogue of the algebra of numbers. Just as arithmetic addition and multiplication are associative and commutative, so are set union and intersection; just as the arithmetic relation "less than or equal" is reflexive, antisymmetric and transitive, so is the set relation of "subset". It is the algebra of the set-theoretic operations of union, intersection and complementation, and the relations of equality and inclusion. For a basic introduction to sets see the article on sets, for a fuller account see naive set theory, and for a full rigorous axiomatic treatment see axiomatic set theory.

It increasingly corresponds to the passive in modern English, in which there is a trend towards avoiding the use of the passive unless it is specifically required to omit the subject. It also appears to be similar to the "fourth person" mentioned in the preceding paragraph. However, what is called in Irish an briathar saor or the free verb does not suggest passivity but a kind of generalised agency. The construction has equal validity in transitive and intransitive clauses, and the best translation into English is normally by using the "dummy" subjects "they", "one", or impersonal "you".

The fact that the Kleene–Brouwer order is a linear ordering (that is, that it is transitive as well as being total) follows immediately from this, as any three sequences on which transitivity is to be tested form (with their prefixes) a finite tree on which the Kleene–Brouwer order coincides with the postorder. The significance of the Kleene–Brouwer ordering comes from the fact that if X is well-ordered, then a tree over X is well-founded (having no infinitely long branches) if and only if the Kleene–Brouwer ordering is a well-ordering of the elements of the tree.

In linguistics, diathesis alternation or verb alternationLevin, B. (1993) English Verb Classes and Alternations: A Preliminary Investigation, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL occurs when the same verb can be used in different subcategorization frames or with different valency, as in "Fred ate the pizza" (where ate is transitive, with object "the pizza") vs. "Fred ate" (where ate is intransitive, with no object). The two usages usually have a slight difference in meaning. Using a single verb, one can also change the position of a phrase's arguments which may or may not change the sentence's meaning as well.

M23 is the point stabilizer of the action of the Mathieu group M24 on 24 points, giving it a 4-transitive permutation representation on 23 points with point stabilizer the Mathieu group M22. M23 has 2 different rank 3 actions on 253 points. One is the action on unordered pairs with orbit sizes 1+42+210 and point stabilizer M21.2, and the other is the action on heptads with orbit sizes 1+112+140 and point stabilizer 24.A7. The integral representation corresponding to the permutation action on 23 points decomposes into the trivial representation and a 22-dimensional representation.

He advocates methodological pluralism, denying that standard explanations of human conduct are causal, and insisting on the irreducibility of explanation in terms of reasons and goals. He denies that psychological attributes can be intelligibly ascribed to the brain, insisting that they are ascribable only to the human being as a whole. He has endeavoured to show that the puzzles and 'mysteries' of consciousness dissolve under careful analysis of the various forms of intransitive and transitive consciousness, and that so-called qualia are no more than a philosopher's fiction. Since 2005 Hacker has completed an ambitious tetralogy on Human Nature.

The last twenty years of the 20th century enjoyed the successes of over one hundred years of study in group theory. In finite groups, post classification results included the O'Nan–Scott theorem, the Aschbacher classification, the classification of multiply transitive finite groups, the determination of the maximal subgroups of the simple groups and the corresponding classifications of primitive groups. In finite geometry and combinatorics, many problems could now be settled. The modular representation theory entered a new era as the techniques of the classification were axiomatized, including fusion systems, Luis Puig's theory of pairs and nilpotent blocks.

Wat Mahathat, Luang Prabang Strictly speaking, a wat is a Buddhist sacred precinct with vihara (quarters for bhikkhus), a temple, an edifice housing a large image of Buddha and a facility for lessons. A site without a minimum of three resident bhikkhus cannot correctly be described as a wat although the term is frequently used more loosely, even for ruins of ancient temples. As a transitive or intransitive verb, wat means to measure, to take measurements; compare templum, from which temple derives, having the same root as template. In Cambodia, a wat is any place of worship.

To ensure that only valid initiators connect to storage arrays, administrators most commonly run iSCSI only over logically isolated backchannel networks. In this deployment architecture, only the management ports of storage arrays are exposed to the general-purpose internal network, and the iSCSI protocol itself is run over dedicated network segments or virtual LANs (VLAN). This mitigates authentication concerns; unauthorized users are not physically provisioned for iSCSI, and thus cannot talk to storage arrays. However, it also creates a transitive trust problem, in that a single compromised host with an iSCSI disk can be used to attack storage resources for other hosts.

Indeed, many different social welfare functions can meet Arrow's conditions under such restrictions of the domain. It has been proved, however, that under any such restriction, if there exists any social welfare function that adheres to Arrow's criteria, then the majority rule will adhere to Arrow's criteria. See In particular, when there are odd number of individuals, then the social preference becomes transitive, and the socially "best" alternative is equal to the median of all the peaks of the individuals (Black's median voter theorem). Under single-peaked preferences, the majority rule is in some respects the most natural voting mechanism.

Unlike Middle Chinese and the modern Chinese dialects, Old Chinese had a significant amount of derivational morphology. Several affixes have been identified, including ones for the verbification of nouns, conversion between transitive and intransitive verbs, and formation of causative verbs. Like modern Chinese, it appears to be uninflected, though a pronoun case and number system seems to have existed during the Shang and early Zhou but was already in the process of disappearing by the Classical period. Likewise, by the Classical period, most morphological derivations had become unproductive or vestigial, and grammatical relationships were primarily indicated using word order and grammatical particles.

In the results of a poll, one candidate may be clearly ahead of another, or the two candidates may be statistically tied, meaning not that their poll results are equal but rather that they are within the margin of error of each other. However, if candidate x is statistically tied with y, and y is statistically tied with z, it might still be possible for x to be clearly better than z, so being tied is not in this case a transitive relation. Because of this possibility, rankings of this type are better modeled as semiorders than as weak orderings..

Polynesian languages are almost devoid of inflection, and use particles extensively to indicate mood, tense, and case. Suggs, discussing the deciphering of the rongorongo script of Easter Island, describes them as all-important. In Māori for example, the versatile particle "e" can signal the imperative mood, the vocative case, the future tense, or the subject of a sentence formed with most passive verbs. The particle "i" signals the past imperfect tense, the object of a transitive verb or the subject of a sentence formed with "neuter verbs" (a form of passive verb), as well as the prepositions in, at and from.

Like other varieties of Anishinaabemowin, in Chippewa a great deal of information is already contained in the words, so the sentence order can be quite free, but the primary word order is subject–verb–object. There are three general parts of speech: nouns, verbs, and others. Nouns types are broken down by number and by whether they are animate or inanimate gender. There are four verb types used to show if the verb is transitive, if the subject of the verb is animate or inanimate, if the object of the verb is animate or inanimate, and the plurality of the subject.

Yabem has a nominative-accusative system of alignment, as is evidenced by the pronominal prefixes that appear on verbs that always mark the subject of either a transitive or intransitive verb. There is no case-marking on the nominals themselves, and word order is typically SVO. Examples are from Bradshaw & Czobor (2005:10-34) unless otherwise noted: : ga-sô tuŋ : 1SG-tie fence : 'I tied the fence' : ga-ŋgôŋ : 1SG-sit : 'I remain' Subject prefixes can also occur with full subject pronouns, as is shown in the example below. Both bolded morphemes refer to the first-personal singular.

Belief bias is the tendency to judge the strength of arguments based on the plausibility of their conclusion rather than how strongly they support that conclusion. A person is more likely to accept an argument that supports a conclusion that aligns with his values, beliefs and prior knowledge, while rejecting counter arguments to the conclusion. Belief bias is an extremely common and therefore significant form of error; we can easily be blinded by our beliefs and reach the wrong conclusion. Belief bias has been found to influence various reasoning tasks, including conditional reasoning, relation reasoning and transitive reasoning.

Euclid's The Elements includes the following "Common Notion 1": :Things which equal the same thing also equal one another. Nowadays, the property described by Common Notion 1 is called Euclidean (replacing "equal" by "are in relation with"). By "relation" is meant a binary relation, in which aRb is generally distinct from bRa. A Euclidean relation thus comes in two forms: :(aRc ∧ bRc) → aRb (Left- Euclidean relation) :(cRa ∧ cRb) → aRb (Right-Euclidean relation) The following theorem connects Euclidean relations and equivalence relations: ; Theorem : If a relation is (left or right) Euclidean and reflexive, it is also symmetric and transitive.

Paumarí tends to be a head-final language. Typically, in intransitive phrases (those without direct objects) the order is VS. The SV intransitive order also occurs, although only when the Subject is marked for informational prominence (the demonstrative (DEM) is occluded in such SV phrases). In transitive phrases, the word order is mainly SVO, in which the ergative case marking system tends to be used. The affix used for ergative marking is the suffix “-a”, and the object of the sentence is preceded by a word denoting a demonstrative case. These demonstrative case nouns are either “ada” for male, or “ida” for female.

The gender and number of the object noun, not the subject, dictates the gender and number suffixes on the verb . Two other word orders that occur in Paumarí transitive phrases are OVS and SOV. In these cases, the object is marked with a suffix denoting it as such (-ra) and is placed directly before the verb. In these cases, it is thought that the accusative system has taken over, as the subject of the sentence no longer receives the ergative suffix ‘-a’ and is free to occur at the beginning or end of the phrase (but not directly before the verb).

The Greco-Buddhist art of modern Afghanistan and northern Pakistan made extensive use in monasteries and temples of stucco for three-dimensional monumental sculpture as well as reliefs. These were usually carved from a rough modelling over a framework and then painted. Similar techniques are used for the life-size statues decorating the gopurams of Hindu temples in modern South Asia. Since stucco can be used for decoration as well as for figurative representation, it provides an ideal transitive link from architectural details to wall paintings such as the typically Baroque trompe l'oeil ceilings, as in the work of the Wessobrunner School.

Incremental computation can be achieved by building a dependency graph of all the data elements that may need to be recalculated, and their dependencies. The elements that need to be updated when a single element changes are given by the transitive closure of the dependency relation of the graph. In other words, if there is a path from the changed element to another element, the latter may be updated (depending on whether the change eventually reaches the element). The dependency graph may need to be updated as dependencies change, or as elements are added to, or removed from, the system.

The accusative case is used for the direct object of a sentence with transitive verbs. For the masculine o/jo declension, the accusative singular for "an adult, healthy, free male person" is often shown by the use of the endings of the genitive singular. The accusative is also used with nouns for a duration of time and a measure of distance. Old Church Slavonic makes more frequent use of the accusative case after negated infinitives and participles than other Slavic languages, and it is unclear if this is an innovation of Old Church Slavonic or an archaism.

Chapter nine concerns the complementation of languages and the transitive closure operator, including the Immerman–Szelepcsényi theorem that nondeterministic logarithmic space is closed under complementation. Chapter ten provides complete problems and a second-order logical characterization of polynomial space. Chapter eleven concerns uniformity in circuit complexity (the distinction between the existence of circuits for solving a problem, and their algorithmic constructibility), and chapter twelve concerns the role of ordering and counting predicates in logical characterizations of complexity classes. Chapter thirteen uses the switching lemma for lower bounds, and chapter fourteen concerns applications to databases and model checking.

One postposition, ji, is used to establish the nominal focus of a sentence - what Crowell (1979) refers to as "range or referent".Crowell 1979, p. 29 In some cases, this functions very similarly to focusing prepositions in English: e-mago-re tori ji, "they talked about the mountains". However, the range of ambitransitive verbs in Bororo is much narrower (if indeed ambitransitives exist at all) than in English, and so several verbs which are transitive in English require focusing with -ji in Bororo: imedü jorüdü-re karo ji "the men ate the fish" (compare a-jorüdü-re "you ate").

A Hasse diagram is a simple picture of a finite partially ordered set, forming a drawing of the partial order's transitive reduction. Concretely, one represents each element of the set as a vertex on the page and draws a line segment or curve that goes upward from x to y precisely when x < y and there is no z such that x < z < y. In this case, we say y covers x, or y is an immediate successor of x. In a Hasse diagram, it is required that the curves be drawn so that each meets exactly two vertices: its two endpoints.

IUR exhibits a three-way distinction between plain, agreement and spatial verbs. In plain verbs, one sees no reference to an object or subject, such as the following example: Although appearing to reference Ottawa, the verb, CALL–ON–PHONE, makes no movement nor orientation to suggest it agrees with the object. However, agreement can take the shape of varying executions in different spaces, such as with: Here, the verb's location and movement shifts to agree with the subject of either clause. Additionally, agreement can be seen on transitive verbs such as the following where the verb SEE interacts only with its object.

Since both functors and function pointers can be invoked using the syntax of a function call, they are interchangeable as arguments to templates when the corresponding parameter only appears in function call contexts. A particularly common type of functor is the predicate. For example, algorithms like take a unary predicate that operates on the elements of a sequence. Algorithms like sort, partial_sort, nth_element and all sorted containers use a binary predicate that must provide a strict weak ordering, that is, it must behave like a membership test on a transitive, non reflexive and asymmetric binary relation.