The intercontinental missiles, the atom bombs, the Sputniks. . .
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Mr. Mendiola bought pigs and hundreds of chickens for the Sputniks' Christmas feast last month.
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The sputniks, as the Metropolitan Opera's starburst-shaped crystal chandeliers are known, were stuck in orbit for more than a year.
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In the Sputniks, getting into a fistfight will be punished with five lashes, and if someone draws blood, that number jumps to 15 or 20.
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Within a week, the story became even more interesting, when the Vanguard Test Vehicle 20063 (TV-3) exploded in spectacular fashion, damaging America's hope of taking back some of the spotlight from the Soviets after their successful launches of Sputniks 1 and 2.
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Now the sputniks are ready to resume their nightly ascents, and the Met, which has been facing a box-office slump and fiscal challenges, can take its place once more among the many opera houses that have made opulent, ornate chandeliers showpieces in their own right.
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Once in orbit each of those circuit boards—he calls them "sprites"—would have headed off on its own, kicked out of the tiny mother ship by the uncoiling of its antennae, and the project's backers on Kickstarter would have had their own personal Sputniks, transmitting at a frequency they could monitor.
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As TIME explained its choice of Khrushchev for Person of the Year in early 1958, it wrote, "The symbols of 1957 were two pale, clear streaks of light that slashed across the world's night skies... With the Sputniks, Russia took man into a new era of space, and with its advances in the art of missilery, posed the US with the most dramatic military threat it had ever faced."
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Lembit left the band in 1994 and was replaced by Sten. J.M.K.E. got also a new drummer, Andres. Their third album, Sputniks in Pectopah ("Sputniks at Restaurant"), was released in 1995. The album is an eclectic collection of popular Russian songs, sung in high energy Russian.
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In 1957, Maia, Carlos, Arlênio Silva, Edson Trindade and Wellington started the vocal group The Sputniks. After a televised appearance on Carlos Imperial's Clube do Rock on TV Tupi, Imperial arranged a solo appearance for Roberto Carlos the following week. Maia got annoyed at this, leading him to insult Carlos in the following rehearsals until his bandmate left the group. After watching Carlos' concert the following week, Maia left The Sputniks, and went after Imperial for a solo appearance.
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As part of the International Geophysical Year, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory set up a national network of amateur-run observation stations to track the early Russian artificial satellites, Sputniks I and II, Operation Moonwatch. As a member of his local Moonwatch group Moonwatch group, he made use of a unique radio-based Doppler tracking system he designed to enhance the accuracy of his team’s sightings.Simons, K. Tracking Sputniks I and II with Operation Moonwatch. IRE Almanack, Philadelphia, Feb.
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David John Graney grew up in Mount Gambier, South Australia. In 1978, he relocated to Adelaide, and, as lead vocalist, he teamed with drummer, Clare Moore, to form Sputniks with Liz Dealey on bass guitar, Phillip Costello on guitar and Steve Miller on guitar. Sputniks released one single, "Second Glance" on an independent label before moving to Melbourne in 1979 where they disbanded. Graney, Miller and Moore formed post-punk group The Moodists with Steve Carman on bass guitar in 1980.
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88 (Greenhaven Press 1992). and has written that the rationale for a proposed permanent base on the Moon is closely tied to pork barrel politics.Bennett, James. The Doomsday Lobby: Hype and Panic from Sputniks, Martians, and Marauding Meteors, p.
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Cosmonaut names were not released until they flew. Mission details were sparse. Outside observers did not know the size or shape of their rockets or cabins or most of their spaceships, except for the first Sputniks, lunar probes and Venus probe. Mir in 1996 as seen from during STS-76.
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Saimaan Pallo (SaiPa) is an ice hockey team in the Finnish Liiga. They play their home games at Kisapuisto in Lappeenranta, Finland. SaiPa has many nicknames, such as "The Sputniks", "Sputnik", "miracle of the East" and "East giant." SaiPa play home games in the yellow shirt, black pants, yellow socks, and a black helmet.
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A "Socialist miracle" of reconciliation between oneself and the leading ideology replaced the Christian-inspired one. The film presented the Christmas costumes of East Germany, that were a readjustment of the old tradition: the fir tree, for example, was decorated by little sputniks. Perry interpreted the film as a typical "happy end Christmas story" with a communist setting.Joe Perry.
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During Makarov's directorship, Yuzhmash designed and manufactured four generations of missile complexes of different types. These included space launch vehicles Kosmos, Tsyklon-2, Tsyklon-3 and Zenit. Under the leadership of Yangel's successor, V. Utkin, the KBYu created a unique space-rocket system called Energia-Buran. Yuzhmash engineers manufactured 400 technical devices that were launched in artificial satellites (Sputniks).
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The Moodists were an Australian post-punk band. They were formed in late 1980 by Dave Graney on lead vocals, Clare Moore on drums and Steve Miller on guitar, all from punk group the Sputniks. They added bass guitarist Chris Walsh in early 1981, and in April 1983 added guitarist Mick Turner (ex-Sick Things, Fungus Brains). They issued their sole studio album, Thirsty's Calling, in April 1984.
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The mission provided scientists with the first data on the behavior of a living organism in the space environment.Chernov, V. N., and V. I. Yakovlev, Scientific research during the flight of an animal in an artificial earth satellite, Artif. Earth Satell., No. 1, 80-94, 1958 Although the time between Sputniks 1 and 2 was only 32 days, the plan to launch a dog was planned more than a year in advance.
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The missile gap debate lasted throughout the rest of Eisenhower's term and became a prominent issue in the presidential campaign of 1960. In some measure the Soviet sputniks may have hastened the landmark Defense Reorganization Act of 1958. Although President Eisenhower provided strong leadership in achieving the necessary legislation, McElroy was instrumental in seeing it through. The Defense Reorganization Act of 1958 significantly influenced the evolution of DoD organization and the role of the secretary.
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Erasmo Esteves was born in the neighborhood of Tijuca in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro. His unmarried mother left the state of Bahia while pregnant. Erasmo knew Sebastião Rodrigues Maia (who would later be known as Tim Maia) since childhood, but the friendship would only come in adolescence because of the rock and roll fever. In 1957, Tim Maia built the band The Sputniks, the band members were Tim, Arlênio Livy, Wellington Oliveira and Roberto Carlos.
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In 1978 the group predicted the crash of Kosmos 954 spacecraft, before it was confirmed by other agencies. In May 1985, Geoffrey Perry talked about the project in the Radio 4 programme The Kettering Project. In March 1987, Channel 4 featured the Group in the programme Sputniks, Bleeps & Mr Perry. Pictures of the school's space tracking team, originally published in The Times newspaper, would later find their way onto record covers of The Wonder Stuff for their album, Construction for the Modern Idiot.
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On 29 November 1957, shortly after the launch of Sputnik I on 4 October, two German expatriates, Dr. G. R. Miczaika (from Prussia) and Dr. Eberhart W. Wahl (from Berlin) formed Project Space Track (originally called Project Harvest Moon).Cotter, L[awrence] R.: Sputniks and Space, The National Space Surveillance Control Center. Presentation before a joint meeting of the New England Society for Paint Technology and The New England Paint, Varnish, and Lacquer Association. Boston: 19 January 1961Air Force Cambridge Research Center.
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Amateur satellite spotting traces back to the days of early artificial satellites when the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory launched the Operation Moonwatch program in 1956 to enlist amateur astronomers in an early citizen science effort to track Soviet sputniks. The program was an analog to the World War II Ground Observer Corps citizen observation program to spot enemy bombers."Smithsonian Astronomers Keep Hectic Pace", a 1957 article Moonwatch was crucial until professional stations were deployed in 1958. The program was discontinued in 1975.
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These single deck electric multiple unit (EMU) sets were the backbone of the Sydney suburban network until the stainless-steel double deck cars of the S (and later C, K & R) sets took over. The last of the Sputniks had their final retirement in 1993. Many cars were painted blue & white during the PTC years from 1972 onwards, and the last blue & white cars were repainted in 1987. Several cars were fitted with Beclawat sliding windows during overhauls as a cost-cutting measure (see photo).
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For the first time in the world space industry, the Dnipropetrovsk missile plant organised the serial production of space Sputniks. By the 1980s, this plant manufactured 67 different types of space ships, 12 space research complexes and four defence space rocket systems. These systems were used not only for purely military purposes by the Ministry of Defence, but also for space research, for global radio and television networks, and for ecological monitoring. Yuzhmash initiated and sponsored the international space program of socialist countries, called Interkosmos.
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The quarrel began in 1958, after several years of close relations. Mao was always loyal to Stalin, and Nikita Khrushchev felt insulted. However, when the Warsaw Pact crushed the dissident movements in Eastern Europe in 1956, Beijing was pleased that Moscow had apparently realized the dangers of de-Stalinization and would no longer tolerate independence or encourage revisionism. Beijing was also pleased that the success of the Soviet Union in the space race (the original Sputniks) demonstrated that the international communist movement had caught up in high technology with the West.
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Musical highlights include surf rock-inspired instrumentals by Japanese T. Terauchi, the East German Die Sputniks, and the Romanian Sincron. Other acts also resided in Czechoslavakia and Poland, with the Slava Kunst Orchestra contributing the most abnormal assortment of nonsensical lyrics, wedding band-like instrumentals, and berserk tempo on "Lucifer In Coelis". The album claims to feature strictly groups east of the Iron Curtain, however, in actuality, 11 of the 24 tracks were recorded by Western European bands and a Japanese band. Surfbeat Behind the Iron Curtain, Volume 1 was released on both compact disc and vinyl.
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Donald W. Cox wrote in his book The Space Race: > Although the Sputniks and Luniks did not themselves provide better cars, > refrigerators, color TV sets, and homes for the peasants and laborers of the > Soviet Union and her satellite states, they did evoke added inspiration for > the earthbound followers of the communist way of life helping to take their > minds off shortages of consumer goods. The people were spurred on to work > just a little harder for the glorious motherland and to outstrip the west in > the less dramatic and more basic things of life, like coal and steel > production.
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The tape recording from Bochum was proof of the start of space travel. In 1961, Kaminski took over the leadership of the (Bochum People's Observatory), which had been founded by himself. During the years he built the grounds around the Volkssternwarte into an Institute and made sure that it managed a connection to international space research. At the Bochum Station, signals from a variety of space vehicles from the Sputniks, Luniks up to Vostok and Voskhod could be received, as well as in 1963 (for the first time in Europe) satellite pictures from the US weather satellite TIROS-8.
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Enrique Ugalde was born in San Bernardino, and moved to Oakland CA at a young age. His father was the drummer for a popular rock and roll band in Mexico called Los Sputniks. As a child, he was exposed to traditional Mesoamerican cultures on frequent family trips to Mexico City with his father, and by his Mexican grandmother. He describes himself as having sung and played guitar in a church choir as a child, begun his study of opera and other Western classical singing shortly thereafter, and being inducted into the State of California Honors Chorus in his high school years.
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The Moodists were formed as a rock group in Melbourne late in 1980 after three members of Adelaide-based punk band, the Sputniks, had relocated there: Dave Graney on lead vocals, Clare Moore on drums, and Steve Miller on guitar; they were joined by Steven Carmen on bass guitar. The band were signed by Bruce Milne and Greta Moon to their Au Go Go label in 1981, and Carmen was replaced on bass guitar by Chris Walsh (ex-the Negatives). The Moodists' debut single, "Where the Trees Walk Downhill", was issued in October 1981. It was followed by a second single, "Gone Dead", in June 1982, which was produced by Victor Van Vugt.
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"The Saturnians" also claimed to be interested in the recently launched Russian sputniks, and the satellite-launching plans of the US. Later Schmidt brought local police to view the "landing site," where they found deep imprints and some "mysterious green residue". Like George Adamski and others, Schmidt also claims subsequent visits to the extraterrestrial space ship and many friendly conversations with its learned crew. Schmidt noticed they drank MJB (coffee), and also carried in their cigar-shaped craft an ordinary terrestrial MG sports car, which they used for running errands and buying groceries. (A schematic drawing of the ship's interior in Schmidt's later booklet depicts a Volkswagen Beetle, not an MG sports car.) Unlike most space ships the Saturnian ship had large propellers at both ends.
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On October 4, 1957, just four days before Defense Secretary Charles E. Wilson left office, the Soviet Union launched into orbit the world's first satellite (Sputnik I), suggesting that the Soviets were ahead of the United States in missile development. This event, which raised important questions about the U.S. defense program, served as a backdrop to the swearing in, on October 9, 1957, of McElroy as Secretary of Defense. The launching of Sputnik I and a second Soviet satellite a month later prevented McElroy from easing into his duties at a deliberate pace. To meet the concern generated by the sputniks, McElroy attempted both to clarify the relative positions of the United States and the Soviet Union in missile development and to speed up the U.S. effort.
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The story is set in a fictional 1959, following two years of escalating tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union for dominance in the Middle East and in the Mediterranean Sea. The Soviets are menacing Turkey from three sides through their proxies in Egypt, Syria and Iraq in order to gain control of the Bosporus and give free passage to their large Mediterranean fleet. To counteract the Soviet menace the United States established a military presence in Lebanon and are providing aid to their Turkish and Israeli allies. As detailed in the book, the Soviets gained a temporary space supremacy through the launch of a massive fleet of militarized Sputniks; moreover, they are aware that, within three or four years, the United States will cover the gap.
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McElroy did not believe that the Sputnik success represented a major change in the world's military balance, but he acknowledged that it had a significant impact on world public opinion. The launching of the Sputniks indicated that "the Soviet Union is farther advanced scientifically than many had realized" and that "the weapons of the future may be a great deal closer upon us than we had thought, and therefore the ultimate survival of the Nation depends more than ever before on the speed and skill with which we can pursue the development of advanced weapons." McElroy had to spend much time explaining the missile programs and trying to allay congressional anxiety about a so-called "missile gap" between the United States and the Soviet Union. McElroy shared some responsibility for the missile gap controversy.
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Unlike the American space program, which had NASA as a single coordinating structure directed by its administrator, James Webb through most of the 1960s, the USSR's program was split between several competing design groups. Despite the remarkable successes of the Sputniks between 1957 and 1961 and Vostoks between 1961 and 1964, after 1958 Korolev's OKB-1 design bureau faced increasing competition from his rival chief designers, Mikhail Yangel, Valentin Glushko, and Vladimir Chelomei. Korolev planned to move forward with the Soyuz craft and N-1 heavy booster that would be the basis of a permanent crewed space station and crewed exploration of the Moon. However, Dmitry Ustinov directed him to focus on near-Earth missions using the very reliable Voskhod spacecraft, a modified Vostok, as well as on interplanetary uncrewed missions to nearby planets Venus and Mars.
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As stated on the Russian government website, the FAPMC "a) executes law enforcement and provides state services in sphere of creation and functioning of mass media and mass communications, television and radio, usage of radio- frequency spectrum and orbital positions of communication sputniks for the purposes of television and radio broadcasting, development of means of mass communications and spreading of mass media, in sphere of information interchange, broadcasting of additional information, computer networks of common usage in the area of electronic mass media, printing, activities in publishing and polygraphy; b) maintains all-Russian registers of mass media and mass communications, TV and radio broadcasting companies, makers of audio and video production" (). The Rospechat is supposed to be one of the authorities overseeing usage of the Internet in Russia. It supports several projects such as The Runet Prize and well-known Gramota.ru, the educational portal on the Russian language.
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Between 1956 and 1960, 40 power cars and 40 trailer cars were built by Commonwealth Engineering for the New South Wales Government Railways. Broadly similar to the Tulloch built carriages, built earlier in the 1950s, they differed in having motors on all four (as opposed to two) bogies and power operated doors. They operated as eight carriage sets and were targeted as S sets, gaining the nickname Sputniks after the Russian satellite that was launched at the same time as their entry into service."Rolling Stock" Railway Digest October 1991 page 374"Sydney's Electric Trains from 1926 to 1960" ARHS Bulletin issue 761 March 2001 pages 90-93The Sputnik Cars Sydney Electric Traction Society Ostensibly built to provide rolling stock for the newly electrified Parramatta to Penrith section of the Main Western line, they operated across the Sydney suburban network. Following the delivery of the Tulloch double deck trailers from 1964, these replaced the original trailers in the S sets.
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When Lonnie Donegan had a hit with "Rock Island Line", written by Huddie Ledbetter (Lead Belly), Morrison felt he was familiar with and able to connect with skiffle music as he had been hearing Lead Belly before that.Collis (1996), page 33. Morrison's father bought him his first acoustic guitar when he was eleven, and he learned to play rudimentary chords from the song book The Carter Family Style, edited by Alan Lomax.Turner (1993), p. 25. In 1957, at the age of twelve, Morrison formed his first band, a skiffle group, "The Sputniks", named after the satellite, Sputnik 1, that had been launched in October of that year by the Soviets.Hinton (1997), page 22. In 1958, the band played at some of the local cinemas, and Morrison took the lead, contributing most of the singing and arranging. Other short-lived groups followed – at fourteen, he formed Midnight Special, another modified skiffle band and played at a school concert. Then, when he heard Jimmy Giuffre playing saxophone on "The Train and The River", he talked his father into buying him a saxophone,Heylin (2003), page 34.
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