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"slide rule" Definitions
  1. (in the past) a long, narrow instrument like a ruler, with a middle part that slides backwards and forwards, used for calculating numbers
"slide rule" Synonyms
slipstick ruler yardstick rule measure straightedge meterstick straight edge metal rule steel rule measuring stick T-square folding rule gauge(UK) scale metre(UK) level meter(US) gage(US) tape measure

219 Sentences With "slide rule"

How to use slide rule in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "slide rule" and check conjugation/comparative form for "slide rule". Mastering all the usages of "slide rule" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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Just a few years later, he helped make the slide rule obsolete.
"We're making a slide rule that keeps you on the bag," Collins said.
My state of the art tools were a slide rule and a Frieden computer.
In the end, says Lofthouse, run the slide rule carefully over your chosen investment.
Consultants PwC have also been running the slide rule over SLA's operational footprint, two sources said.
We are the same nation that put a man on the moon using a slide rule.
You half expect the shop assistants to whip out a slide rule rather than a tape measure.
Overnight, you won't need a slide rule to calculate the odds of stopping a surging Bernie Sanders.
After buying a used slide rule for $6, Mr. Merryman won the contest with a nearly perfect score.
You put on this big Breitling Navitimer, and no one even knows how to use the slide-rule function.
Fermi wielded a six-inch slide rule as we today wield our iPhones, to plumb the essence of events.
The mather will be the one with the Slide Rule watch from Caliper, and friends, the mather can be you.
Wielding little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs.
They plan on shipping in February 2018 but I saw a working model complete with circular slide rule and was very impressed.
Through the morning and early afternoon, wielding his slide rule, Fermi slowly took the pile critical, with a characteristically Fermian break for lunch.
And so, I got my dad's slide rule, and I just, I just sat there, hour after hour, literally putting two and two together.
Lacking any machine to help them — even the equivalent of a quadrant or a slide rule — futurists to a large degree rely on intuition and common sense.
When the Cubs visited Citi Field last week, they taped a one-page reminder to a wall just outside their dugout that simplified the new slide rule.
They competed to see who was best at using a slide rule, the wood and plastic device that helped with multiplication, division, trigonometry and other mathematical calculations.
Yet he was overshadowed by Gareth Bale who, with two monumental headers and a slide-rule finish with his left foot, was the destroyer-in-chief of Deportivo.
The classic Navitimer (starting at $7,903), for instance, features a circular slide rule that allows pilots to calculate crucial data like average speed, fuel consumption and rate of descent.
With little more than a pencil and a slide rule, Katherine Johnson calculated the trajectories that in 1969 let Apollo 11 land on the moon and return to Earth.
I recall a guy who, on the one hand, had facial hair before anybody else in his class and, on the other, wore a slide rule attached to his belt.
His only chance came when he had Federer 15-40 down at 2-3 but, as great champions do, the Swiss responded with a couple of slide-rule aces to avert the danger.
The woman chatters on, taking out a calendar wheel — it is incredible to me that medical science has not yet advanced past this gestational slide rule — to determine my conception and due dates: May 15.
She worked in an age in which human beings, even women of color, could be called "computers" because of their skill in writing equations with nothing more than a pencil, paper and a slide rule.
Looking back, I realize that when my brother hit ground balls so I could practice breaking up the double play on poor unassuming middle infielder Ivan Kolodny, I was in extreme violation of today's slide rule.
They dabbled in conceptual art that included text: The "Log-O-rithmic Slide Rule" consisted of a list of adjectives and adverbs that could be slid up and down against each other to form Dadaesque phrases.
They are often categorized based on what they can do; a Pilot's watch might include a slide rule on the bezel for calculating fuel usage, while a Racing watch might have an engraved tachymeter making it easier to gauge the speed of a vehicle.
"As we have done with the abacus and the slide rule, it is time to retire the teaching of cursive," Morgan Polikoff, an associate professor of education at the University of Southern California's Rossier School of Education, wrote in Room for Debate in 2013.
Mets Manager Terry Collins said the combination of the new slide rule and the ability to review neighborhood plays, in which fielders are often given credit for simply being near the bag when they receive the ball during a double-play attempt, could have dangerous consequences.
This mechanical watch runs a Miyota 82S0 automatic movement and features a unique slide rule bezel that lets you multiply and divide even if all electric everywhere goes dead shapes and you and your tribe have to hide from the Face Eaters in an old mall.
"Our goal in amending the slide rule was to enhance player safety, reduce incidents of injury and to do it in a way that respects and preserves the bona fide hustle plays that are integral to our game," Tony Clark, the executive director of the players' union, said in a statement.
Just as the rule that prevents catchers from blocking the plate rule came on the the heels of Buster Posey's injury in 2011, this year's new slide rule was a response to Chase Utley's flying knee slide which resulted in Ruben Tejada's broken leg in last year's National League Division Series.
ISRAEL – OCTOBER 03: Drip irrigation  (Photo by James L. Stanfield/National Geographic/Getty Images) ISRAEL – OCTOBER 03: Drip irrigation  (Photo by James L. Stanfield/National Geographic/Getty Images) Back in the days when complex math could only be performed with a slide rule and chalkboard, we simply didn't have the computing capacity required to answer complex growing questions to determine the best course of action with anything more than educated guesses.
The big circular slide rule they're shipping with the watch is a great conversation piece for your desk and, if you're an engineer or someone who wants to get their smartypants on at the market house in Dead Horse Bay, Brooklyn, then feel free to pull back your ragged sleeves and show the dumbsters what a mather you are and how easy pie it is for you multiplicate two numbers that the Old Peoples used to have to use iPhons to perform.
Bygrave A.M.L. Position line slide rule Mk. IIA serial No. 355 The Bygrave slide rule is a slide rule named for its inventor, Captain Leonard Charles Bygrave of the RAF. It was used in celestial navigation, primarily in aviation. Officially, it was called the A. M. L. Position Line Slide Rule (A.M.L. for Air Ministry Laboratories).
In measurement, the Coggeshall slide rule, also called a carpenter's slide rule, was a slide rule designed by Henry Coggeshall in 1677 to help in measuring the dimensions, surface area, and volume of timber. With his original design and later improvements, Coggeshall's slide rule brought the tool its first practical use outside of mathematical study. It would remain popular for the next few centuries.Slide Rule History .
The Polyphase Duplex Slide Rule, A Self-Teaching Manual, Breckenridge, 1922, p. 20.
Shute makes similar comments about rewriting So Disdained in his autobiography Slide Rule (page 78).
A camera decision was necessary to decide that Occupation had defeated Slide Rule by a head at Washington Park Race Track on June 25, 1943. In his second start of the 1943 season, Occupation won the seven furlong event and its purse of $2,500.Occupation Wins From Slide Rule, New York Times, June 26, 1943, pg. 17. In the $72,000 Arlington Classic at Arlington Park, Slide Rule captured a $53,400 victory as a 5 to 1 shot.
A slide rule Since real numbers can be represented as distances or intervals on a line, the slide rule was invented in the 1620s, shortly after Napier's work, to allow multiplication and division operations to be carried out significantly faster than was previously possible. Edmund Gunter built a calculating device with a single logarithmic scale at the University of Oxford. His device greatly simplified arithmetic calculations, including multiplication and division. William Oughtred greatly improved this in 1630 with his circular slide rule.
Slide Rule Takes Peter Pan By Nose At Belmont Park, New York Times, May 30, 1943, pg. S1.
The field of fifteen included thirteen Derby eligibles.Slide Rule Triumphs in Derby Trial, April 9, 1943, pg. 19. On June 4, 1942 Slide Rule was part of an owner - trainer - jockey double for W.E. Boeing, Cecil Wilhelm, and Ralph Neves at Belmont Park. Larrup, the other Boeing entry, won the first event with Slide Rule completing the double.Favorite Triumps Over Up The Hill, New York Times, June 5, 1942, pg. 26. Slide Rule, along with Corona, Corona, another Boeing thoroughbred, entered the $62,000 Arlington Futurity in Chicago, Illinois, on July 18, 1942. The event was won by Occupation, with Corona, Corona finishing fifth and Slide Rule 7th.Occupation Winner In $62,900 Futurity, New York Times, July 19, 1942, pg. S1. In the Wood Memorial Stakes at Aqueduct Race Track on April 17, 1943, Slide Rule was injured, slowed to a walking gait, and finished fifth.
As a 2 to 5 favorite in the $9,650 Peter Pan Handicap, Slide Rule won by "an inch" over Vincentive with a last second lunge. The victory secured the $7,025 winner's share for W.E. Boeing. Conn McCreary was the winning jockey on Slide Rule. The winning time was 1:51 1/5.
Victor Mayer Amédée Mannheim (17 July 1831 in Paris, France - 11 December 1906 in Paris, France) was the inventor of the modern slide rule. Around 1850, he introduced a new scale system that used a runner to perform calculations. This type of slide rule became known under the name of its inventor: the Mannheim.
The planimeter was a manual instrument to calculate the area of a closed figure by tracing over it with a mechanical linkage. A slide rule. The slide rule was invented around 1620–1630, shortly after the publication of the concept of the logarithm. It is a hand-operated analog computer for doing multiplication and division.
The book contains a double scale, logarithmic on one side, tabular on the other. In 1630, William Oughtred of Cambridge invented a circular slide rule, and in 1632 combined two handheld Gunter rules to make a device that is recognizably the modern slide rule. Like his contemporary at Cambridge, Isaac Newton, Oughtred taught his ideas privately to his students.
The actual measurement was by saccharometer (i.e. hydrometer) correcting for temperature by a calibration scale or else by a special brewer's slide rule.
Many nomograms include other useful markings such as reference labels and colored regions. All of these provide useful guideposts to the user. An impedance Smith chart (with no data plotted) Like a slide rule, a nomogram is a graphical analog computation device, and like the slide rule, its accuracy is limited by the precision with which physical markings can be drawn, reproduced, viewed, and aligned. While the slide rule is intended to be a general-purpose device, a nomogram is designed to perform a specific calculation, with tables of values effectively built into the construction of the scales.
After finishing third to Kentucky Derby winner, Count Fleet, Wilhelm decided to hold the colt out of the Preakness Stakes. Slide Rule ran the mile at 1:41 1/5 at Belmont Park. However, the trainer opted to run him instead in the Withers Stakes at Aqueduct Race Track. Slide Rule Out of Preakness, Los Angeles Times, May 7, 1943, pg. 11.
Edwin Thacher's slide rule developed to assist with the calculations required for bridge design. The design of the West Washington Street Bridge was influenced by the work of Edwin Thacher. Thacher was an engineer who built military bridges during the Civil War. To solve many of the complex mathematical calculations required in designing bridges, Thacher invented and patented a cylindrical slide rule.
Another critical application was the slide rule, a pair of logarithmically divided scales used for calculation. The non-sliding logarithmic scale, Gunter's rule, was invented shortly after Napier's invention. William Oughtred enhanced it to create the slide rule—a pair of logarithmic scales movable with respect to each other. Numbers are placed on sliding scales at distances proportional to the differences between their logarithms.
Engineer using a slide rule, with mechanical calculator in background, mid 20th century A more modern form of slide rule was created in 1859 by French artillery lieutenant Amédée Mannheim, "who was fortunate in having his rule made by a firm of national reputation and in having it adopted by the French Artillery." It was around this time that engineering became a recognized profession, resulting in widespread slide rule use in Europe–but not in the United States. There Edwin Thacher's cylindrical rule took hold after 1881. The duplex rule was invented by William Cox in 1891, and was produced by Keuffel and Esser Co. of New York.
Richard Delamaine or Delamain, known as the elder (bef. 1629 – bef. 1645), was an English mathematician, known for works on the circular slide rule and sundials.
The ASTE crest shows a futuristic aircraft carrying guided weapons ringed by an ellipse. A slide-rule is superimposed on the fuselage of the aircraft The slide-rule portrays precision and accuracy needed during flight-testing. It also signifies the aspects of technical knowledge and training involved in producing test pilots and test engineers. The missiles represent armament that forms the major preoccupation of ASTE as a defence services establishment.
The spread of the computer rather than the simple electronic calculator put an end to the comptometer. Also, by the end of the 1970s, the slide rule had become obsolete.
The abacus was an instrument used by Greeks and Romans for arithmetic calculations, preceding the slide-rule and the electronic calculator, and consisted of perforated pebbles sliding on iron bars.
Lennon also said that McLean was a rare type of Scottish player because he was always looking for a 'slide-rule' pass and he was actually capable of delivering them.
8, No. 1 (September 1924), pp. 74-77 Wisconsin Historical Society In 1898 he registered the patent of the Mack Improved Mannheim Simplex Slide Rule, which he then assigned to Eugene Dietzgen who put the slide rule into production. He died from a heart attack in Madison on February 24, 1924. Upon his death, a portrait of Professor Mack was given to the Wisconsin Historical Society Library to mark over thirty years involvement with the University.
Ocean Wave finished nine lengths ahead of Slide Rule, who placed second, in the Kentucky Derby Trial on April 27, 1943.Ocean Wave Prep Winner, Los Angeles Times, April 28, 1943, pg. 13.
UT Dallas. Guide to the James J. “Jimmie” Mattern Collection. Biographical Sketch, page 3. He also marketed aviation calculators known as the Mattern computer, a course and mileage slide rule, in the late 1940s.
After he had invested a year and a half in college, he dropped out in his second year. He said – "I just got tired pushing a slide rule around." He began looking for a job.
There is also anecdotal evidence the Sumerians may have used a type of slide rule in astronomical calculations. They were the first to find the area of a triangle and the volume of a cube.
The novel was reprinted in Volume 1 (Trio for Slide Rule & Typewriter) of NESFA's three-volume collection of Clement's works, The Essential Hal Clement. It was also reissued as an e-book through Gollancz's SF Gateway.
The first Chronomat had a circular slide rule and its design followed the tension of the era for military watches. The movement of the first Chronomat was the Venus 175 with 17 jewels, a manual wind movement.
He, with P. V. H. Weems, invented, patented and marketed a series of flight computers. Dalton's first popular computer was his 1933 Model B, the circular slide rule with True Airspeed (TAS) and Altitude corrections pilots know so well. In 1936 he put a double- drift diagram on its reverse to create what the U.S. Army Air Corps (USAAC) designated as the E-1, E-1A and E-1B. A couple of years later he invented the Mark VII, again using his Model B slide rule as a focal point.
Otis King's patent calculator, model K; Photo by Richard Lyon. Otis Carter Formby King (1876-1944) was a grocer and engineer in London who invented and produced a cylindrical slide rule with helical scales, primarily for business uses initially. The product was named Otis King's Patent Calculator, and was manufactured and sold by Carbic Ltd. in London from about 1922 to about 1972. With a log-scale decade length of 66 inches, the Otis King calculator should be about a full digit more accurate than a 6-inch pocket slide rule.
Congolese mathematics: Kabila, elections, and the slide rule of dialogue and duress . Mail and Guardian. Retrieved 4 March 2018. In most of the provinces, the elected governors are members or affiliates of the Alliance of the Presidential Majority.
Lt. Philip Dalton (1 April 1903 - 25 July 1941) was a United States military scientist, pilot and engineer. Dalton is best known for his invention of several slide-rule analog flight computers, the most famous being the E6B.
Slide Rule is the sixth solo album by dobro player Jerry Douglas, released in 1992 (see 1992 in music). It was his first release on the Sugar Hill label. Guest musicians include Alison Krauss, Sam Bush and Tim O'Brien.
Cursor is Latin for 'runner.' A cursor is the name given to the transparent slide engraved with a hairline that is used for marking a point on a slide rule. The term was then transferred to computers through analogy.
The company was noted for its production of slide rules, which Dietzgen started in 1898 after acquiring a patent from John Givan Davis Mack (1867–1924). His company's Mack Improved Mannheim Simplex Slide Rule sold from 1902 to 1912 for $4.50.
Oliver Garfield also sold the Otis King's Patent Calculator, a helical slide rule, under the Geniac brand. Initially he resold the ones manufactured by Carbic, Ltd., but his later products had no serial numbers so were probably his own version.
William Oughtred (1575–1660), inventor of the circular slide rule. A collection of slide rules at the Museum of the History of Science, Oxford The slide rule was invented around 1620–1630, shortly after John Napier's publication of the concept of the logarithm. Edmund Gunter of Oxford developed a calculating device with a single logarithmic scale; with additional measuring tools it could be used to multiply and divide. The first description of this scale was published in Paris in 1624 by Edmund Wingate (c.1593–1656), an English mathematician, in a book entitled L'usage de la reigle de proportion en l'arithmetique & geometrie.
Also like Newton, he became involved in a vitriolic controversy over priority, with his one-time student Richard Delamain and the prior claims of Wingate. Oughtred's ideas were only made public in publications of his student William Forster in 1632 and 1653. In 1677, Henry Coggeshall created a two-foot folding rule for timber measure, called the Coggeshall slide rule, expanding the slide rule's use beyond mathematical inquiry. In 1722, Warner introduced the two- and three-decade scales, and in 1755 Everard included an inverted scale; a slide rule containing all of these scales is usually known as a "polyphase" rule.
He made the slide rule he used during all his academic years in Ljubljana. France planned to study mathematics at Ljubljana University, but altered his interest to electrical engineering after he visited the University’s electrical engineering laboratories. He never regretted this switch.
Others are used in arithmetic (for example the abacus, slide rule and calculator) or in algebra (the integraph). In astronomy, many have said the pyramids (along with Stonehenge) were actually instruments used for tracking the stars over long periods or for the annual planting seasons.
He followed this up with the modern slide rule in 1632, essentially a combination of two Gunter rules, held together with the hands. Slide rules were used by generations of engineers and other mathematically involved professional workers, until the invention of the pocket calculator.
Count Fleet Easy Winner In Wood Race, Los Angeles Times, April 18, 1943, pg. 17. Cecil Wilhelm, Slide Rule's trainer, shipped the thoroughbred to Churchill Downs on April 22, 1943.Slide Rule, Twoses Off For Louisville, Los Angeles Times, April 22, 1943, pg. 19.
It is a predecessor of the slide rule, a calculating aid used from the 17th century until the 1970s. Gunter's line, or line of numbers refers to the logarithmically divided scale, like the most common scales used on slide rules for multiplication and division.
The Chord Board is a color-coded slide rule that displays the notes necessary to form or transpose chords in music. The multi-colored chart is a 2-octave piano keyboard with numbered note positions ~ and a center slide that displays the notes. Created on the island of Oahu, Hawaii and registered in 1979 by Martin H. Samuel, the original Chord Board was printed by Datalizer of Addison, IL. As a practical means of reference, the Chord Board is popular with musicians, singers, songwriters, choirs, composers and arrangers. Pierre Bernard, of Houdah Software in Luxembourg, programmed and published the Chord Board Slide Rule iPhone / iPod Touch App.
Sliding the upper scale appropriately amounts to mechanically adding logarithms, as illustrated here: alt=A slide rule: two rectangles with logarithmically ticked axes, arrangement to add the distance from 1 to 2 to the distance from 1 to 3, indicating the product 6. For example, adding the distance from 1 to 2 on the lower scale to the distance from 1 to 3 on the upper scale yields a product of 6, which is read off at the lower part. The slide rule was an essential calculating tool for engineers and scientists until the 1970s, because it allows, at the expense of precision, much faster computation than techniques based on tables.
Oughtred's invention of the slide rule consisted of taking a single "rule", already known to Gunter, and simplifying the method of employing it. Gunter required the use of a pair of dividers to lay off distances on his rule; Oughtred made the step of sliding two rules past each other to achieve the same ends. His original design of some time in the 1620s was for a circular slide rule; but he was not the first into print with this idea, which was published by Delamain in 1630. The conventional design of a sliding middle section for a linear rule was an invention of the 1650s.
At Oxford University, Edmund Gunter built the first analog device to aid computation. The 'Gunter's scale' was a large plane scale, engraved with various scales, or lines. Natural lines, such as the line of chords, the line of sines and tangents are placed on one side of the scale and the corresponding artificial or logarithmic ones were on the other side. This calculating aid was a predecessor of the slide rule. It was William Oughtred (1575–1660) who first used two such scales sliding by one another to perform direct multiplication and division, and thus is credited as the inventor of the slide rule in 1622.
As slide rule development progressed, added scales provided reciprocals, squares and square roots, cubes and cube roots, as well as transcendental functions such as logarithms and exponentials, circular and hyperbolic trigonometry and other functions. Slide rules with special scales are still used for quick performance of routine calculations, such as the E6B circular slide rule used for time and distance calculations on light aircraft. In the 1770s, Pierre Jaquet-Droz, a Swiss watchmaker, built a mechanical doll (automaton) that could write holding a quill pen. By switching the number and order of its internal wheels different letters, and hence different messages, could be produced.
Slide Rule Digital Players hosts a community of comics makers who want their comics to be experienced as performance. Gruber and fellow comic makers built Powerpoint presentations with live dialogue and scores. Adaptations include versions of the mini comics Duck Lessons, Viking Eggling, Kometes and many more.
Doors are four two-wing, pneumatically controlled and opened to the inside. There are seven windows with slide rule and four roof airshafts. The heating system consists from heater on front wall, three heaters in passengers compartment and big aircondition on roof. Roof and sides are isolated.
A plurimeter is a hand-held measuring instrument for determining surface area or relative angles between surfaces. The device uses mechanical action for calculating the result, analogous to a slide rule. In modern technology, these results are computed by calculator or computer rather than by mechanical instrument.
There can also be non-uniform graduations such as logarithmic or other scales such as seen on circular slide rules and graduated cylinders. A slide rule. This is an example of a mathematical instrument with graduated logarithmic and log-log scales. A half circle protractor graduated in degrees (180°).
Here's Dope On Kentucky Derby, Los Angeles Times, May 1, 1943, pg. 8. On May 1, 1943, in front of a crowd of 60,000, Blue Swords finished three lengths behind Count Fleet. Count Fleet's next nearest rival, Slide Rule, was nine lengths in back of him at the end.
Toby Christopher Barnard, Cromwellian Ireland: English Government and Reform in Ireland 1649–1660 (2000), p. 223. The invention of the slide rule involved Oughtred in a priority dispute with Delamain. They also disagreed on pedagogy in mathematics, with Oughtred arguing that theory should precede practice.Michelle Selinger, Teaching Mathematics (1994), p. 142.
Many commercial and military service manuals specified that values for measurements of current or voltage had been made with a Model 7 or Model 8 AVOmeter. Advertisements of the late 1930s compared the utility of the AVOmeter to the slide rule. Even nowadays it can still be found in regular use.
While serving as US Naval Reserve Pilot, Dalton took an interest in slide-rule flight computers. His first models were designed in the early 1930s but it was not until 1932 that the first revision of the E-6B, originally known as the "Dalton Dead Reckoning Computer", came into existence.
Slide Rule by Nevil Shute (1954, William Heinemann, London) page 235 In later years the actual production of aircraft was the responsibility of the Ministry of Aircraft Production (1940–46), the Ministry of Supply (1946–59), the Ministry of Aviation (1959–67) and finally the Ministry of Technology (1967–70).
Nebel's sponsors included some unusual products. For example, the KelCo Class Calculator was, according to Nebel, developed by a NASA scientist, who was an occasional guest on his program. Basically a slide rule, the "calculator" was designed to pick horse racing winners. Nebel's commercials were often as entertaining as the program itself.
Flight computers are usually made out of aluminum, plastic or cardboard, or combinations of these materials. One side is used for wind triangle calculations using a rotating scale and a sliding panel. The other side is a circular version of a slide rule. Extra marks and windows facilitate calculations specifically needed in aviation.
1892 Bertha Lamme at drawing table with compass Some of her personal effects, including her slide rule, T-square, and diploma, are housed in the collections of the Heinz History Center in Pittsburgh. The Westinghouse Educational Foundation, in conjunction with the Society of Women Engineers, created a scholarship named for her in 1973.
The planimeter was a manual instrument to calculate the area of a closed figure by tracing over it with a mechanical linkage. 260x260px The slide rule was invented around 1620–1630, shortly after the publication of the concept of the logarithm. It is a hand- operated analog computer for doing multiplication and division.
To compensate for this, the course length was increased to eight months and split into two segments. A three-month Primary segment covered mathematics, the slide rule, and introductory electric and electronic circuits; about half the time was spent in laboratories and fabrication shops. Chief Radio Electrician Cooke developed and led the Primary segment.
The idea of logarithms was also used to construct the slide rule, which became ubiquitous in science and engineering until the 1970s. A breakthrough generating the natural logarithm was the result of a search for an expression of area against a rectangular hyperbola, and required the assimilation of a new function into standard mathematics.
Logarithmic amplifiers are used in many ways, such as: # To perform mathematical operations like multiplication, division and exponentiation. Multiplication is also sometimes called mixing. This is similar to operation of a slide rule, and is used in analog computers, audio synthesis methods, and some measurement instruments (i.e. power as multiplication of current and voltage).
There are seven windows with slide rule and four roof airshafts. The heating system consists from heater on front wall, three heaters in passengers compartment. Roof and sides are isolated.IK-202 EQUIPMENT The IK-202 is today used by GSP Belgrade and other public bus operators in Serbia but in smaller numbers than IK-201.
Léon Lalanne's "abacus" or "universal computer", 1843 With Philbert Maurice d'Ocagne Lalanne is considered the inventor of the nomogram. The intention was to replace the slide rule. In a paper of 1846 Lalanne contributed to the subject the ideas of anamorphosis and the use of projective transformations. There were applications to the solution of the cubic equation.
Cook's slide rule, which he used during his research for Percentage Baseball, was donated upon request to the Baseball Hall of Fame.Schwarz, p. 83. Prior to his death he had diminished eyesight and he and wife Elizabeth Cook collaborated with Johns Hopkins on engineering illuminated magnification glasses for reading and research. His signature tie was a bow tie.
The gun was fitted with both telescopic sight for direct fire and panoramic sight for an indirect one. For ballistic calculations and meteorological corrections a special mechanical device was developed. The device, called meteoballistic summator, consisted of a specialized slide rule and a pre-calculated table. After World War II similar devices were introduced for other types of guns.
A person can calculate division with a slide rule by aligning the divisor on the C scale with the dividend on the D scale. The quotient can be found on the D scale where it is aligned with the left index on the C scale. The user is responsible, however, for mentally keeping track of the decimal point.
Usage de la reigle de proportion en l'arithmetique et geometrie, 1624 Edmund Wingate (1596–1656) was an English mathematical and legal writer, one of the first to publish in the 1620s on the principle of the slide rule, and later the author of some popular expository works. He was also a Member of Parliament during the Interregnum.
Some tables give conversions to circular millimetres (cmm).Charles Hoare, The A.B.C. of Slide Rule Practice, p. 52, London: Aston & Mander, 1872 Edwin James Houston, A Dictionary of Electrical Words, Terms and Phrases, p. 135, New York: W. J. Johnston, 1889 The area in cmm is defined as the square of the wire diameter in mm.
He rejoined his father's firm after graduation. After his father's retirement from the business, "AE" and "CE" founded the Knowlton Construction Company in 1937. Although Dutch suffered from dyslexia, he could add long columns of numbers in his head, and used a slide rule to calculate construction bids. A. E. "Dutch" Knowlton's company specialized in educational, health care and commercial buildings.
After the war Rawlings remained in the Air Force, transferring to a commission as Flight Lieutenant, Technical Branch, in 1948. Rawlings wrote several books; a training manual 'Electricity for Air Training' published in 1941. and mathematics books covering Trigonometry, the Slide rule and Calculus. Prior to joining the school he was Director of Studies at the naval training establishment HMS Worcester.
Multiplication or division could be performed, depending on which dials were inputs and which was the output. Accuracy and resolution was limited and a simple slide rule was more accurate—however, the unit did demonstrate the basic principle. Analog computer designs were published in electronics magazines. One example is the PE Analogue Computer, published in Practical Electronics in the September 1978 edition.
Calculator Applications is one of several academic events sanctioned by the University Interscholastic League (UIL) in Texas, USA. It is also a competition held by the Texas Math and Science Coaches Association, using the same rules as the UIL. Calculator Applications is designed to test students' abilities to use general calculator functions. Calculator Applications replaced the Slide Rule contest previously held by UIL.
The further development of those models which has replaced them in production is IK-206, with vertical MAN engine. It has 39 passenger seats made of two pieces of plywood (seat and back) on foundation of steel bars and bars for holding. Doors are four two-wing, pneumatically controlled and opened to the inside. There are seven windows with slide rule and four roof airshafts.
Brough stated that he believed that the record-breaking attempts taught the children creativity, teamwork, and logistics. Brough was partially inspired to help the children by his own world record attempt, when in 1978 he helped make the world's largest calibrated slide rule, and co-holds the other records with the students. Brough first taught at Springville Junior High in Springville, Utah between 1975 and 1978.
Common logarithms were invented to simplify such calculations, since adding logarithms is equivalent to multiplying. The slide rule allowed numbers to be quickly multiplied to about three places of accuracy. Beginning in the early 20th century, mechanical calculators, such as the Marchant, automated multiplication of up to 10 digit numbers. Modern electronic computers and calculators have greatly reduced the need for multiplication by hand.
Hick was the eldest son of Benjamin Hick (1790–1842), a civil and mechanical engineer responsible for improvements to the steam-engine, and his wife Elizabeth Routledge (1783–1826), daughter of William Routledge of Elvington Yorkshire. Elizabeth's brother and Hick's uncle, Joshua Routledge (1773–1829) also an engineer living in Bolton, designed the Engineer's Improved Slide Rule and patented improvements to the Rotary steam engine.
When asked why he invented the chart, Smith explained, "From the time I could operate a slide rule, I've been interested in graphical representations of mathematical relationships." In 1969 he published the book Electronic Applications of the Smith Chart: In Waveguide, Circuit, and Component Analysis, a comprehensive work on the subject. He retired from Bell Labs in 1970. He was elected a fellow of the IRE in 1952.
Torrey designed his first sails via slide rule, plotting curves while riding to his day job on the Long Island Railroad. Hard Sails’ first formula-cut mainsail appeared a year later. The engineered sail was criticized as too extreme. It was purchased by competitive sailor William Cox, raised on his Lightning class sailboat, and was the key to winning the World Championship the next year at Buffalo, New York.
USAF Test Pilot School 50 Years and Beyond, p. 45. TPS Building, Edwards AFB In 1956, the school chose an official emblem, featuring a slide rule in front of the silhouette of a climbing jet, and a motto, Scientia est Virtus — Latin for "Knowledge is Power". The new logo emphasized the school's role in preparing students with both the technical theory and flying skills indispensable for evaluating modern aircraft.
A rosary bracelet is one with ten beads and often a cross or medal. Another form is the rosary card. A rosary card is either one with a "handle" that moves like a slide rule to count the decade, or it has a whole rosary with bumps similar to Braille and ancient counting systems. Some households that cannot afford Christian artwork or a crucifix hang up a rosary.
The Palindromic Slide Rule makes sentences that are palindromes when its parts are properly aligned. The Alphabet Cube, a conceptual machine, shows one way in which palindromes, anagrams, and related letterplay forms can be represented in three-dimensional space. Ross Eckler, Keith Jones, and Grant Willson devised the Word Worm Array, which provides a second way to characterize words in space. He wrote and published two books on wordplay.
Calculations of riders' averages were made from 1945 to 1976 by a Manchester enthusiast, Tom Barlow. Bernard Thompson related: "All Tom's calculations were done the hard way; there were no pocket calculators in his lifetime and it is doubtful that he would have changed his tried and trusted methods, his tables of average speeds combined with his outsized slide-rule... about three feet long." Barlow died aged 90 in 1982.
In 1775 he produced the first slide rule with a runner attached. Robertson also calibrated John Harrison's chronometer H4 before it was first trialled at sea in November 1761. He was greatly respected and was consulted for the surveying of the Mason–Dixon line between Maryland and Pennsylvania in North America. He was neat and methodical, and after his death many of his papers passed to his friend William Jones.
An effort is also made to derive new words from the vocabulary already in use, i.e., xuryavno (airplane), vortorin (slide rule), palpaledikhipnasko (retrospectively), pashnavni (adjective). There is an ever-changing set of borrowings from Romanian as well, including such terms as vremea (weather, time), primariya (town hall), frishka (cream), sfïnto (saint, holy). Neologisms taken from Hindi include bijli (bulb, electricity), misal (example), chitro (drawing, design), lekhipen (writing) and from English (printisarel, prezidento).
This page shows the logarithms for numbers from 1000 to 1500 to five decimal places. The complete table covers values up to 9999. Before the early 1970s, handheld electronic calculators were not available, and mechanical calculators capable of multiplication were bulky, expensive and not widely available. Instead, tables of base-10 logarithms were used in science, engineering and navigation—when calculations required greater accuracy than could be achieved with a slide rule.
The E6B flight computer is a form of circular slide rule used in aviation and one of the very few analog calculating devices in widespread use in the 21st century. The front of a metal E6B. An E6B flight computer commonly used by student pilots. They are mostly used in flight training, because these flight computers have been replaced with electronic planning tools or software and websites that make these calculations for the pilots.
This rule became known as the Routledge Engineer's Rule. According to a handwritten, unsigned document on file at Bolton Archives (Lancashire)Bolton Archives & Local Studies. Ref. B 920B ROU Routledge acquired a patent for his improved slide rule in 1813 but, to date, no record of this has been traced. It is certain that, in 1805, he published the first known Instructions for the Engineer's Improved Sliding RuleBritish Library, Call 717.a.
The Arithmeter, a high resolution cylindrical slide rule invented by Wright and patented in 1869. He sold it to insurance companies for $500.00, though only about 20 were made. Between 1853 and 1858, besides editing the Railroad Times, he gave his attention to invention and mechanics, constructing a spike-making machine, a water faucet, and an improvement in pipe coupling. He patented the last two, and manufactured them for a short time.
Airspeed Ltd. was founded by Nevil Shute Norway (later to become a novelist as Nevil Shute) and designer Hessell Tiltman. In his autobiography, Slide Rule: Autobiography of an Engineer, Norway gives an account of the founding of the company and of the processes that led to the development and mass production of the Oxford. He received the Fellowship of the Royal Aeronautical Society for his innovative fitting of a retractable undercarriage to aircraft.
The solution is to calculate the angle that the aircraft should fly in order to cancel out this drift, the difference between the course and the heading. Calculating the proper drift angle is a simple task of basic vector addition, and is commonly carried out on a circular slide rule like the E6B. This is a somewhat time-consuming process. The CSBS solved this problem by reproducing the basic vector math in a mechanical system.
Away to Fulham on 27 November, Alexander Hleb made "a terrific run" and a "slide-rule" pass to Larsson, who opened the scoring with his first goal of the season, a low shot across the goalkeeper. The game finished 1–1. Larsson played his part in Birmingham's run to the 2011 League Cup Final. He scored from the penalty spot before Nikola Žigić headed an 84th-minute winner in the quarter-final against local rivals Aston Villa.
Sports Illustrated writer Frank Deford learned of Cook's work and interviewed him for the lead story of a 1964 issue with the title "Baseball is Played All Wrong". Using tools of the time, such as a slide rule and a Friden STW mechanical calculator, Earnshaw Cook published the culmination of his work, Percentage Baseball (MIT Press), in 1964.Schwarz, p. 78. Percentage Baseball was the first book of baseball statistics studies to gain national media attention.
In 1815, Peter Mark Roget invented the log log slide rule, which included a scale displaying the logarithm of the logarithm. This allowed the user to directly perform calculations involving roots and exponents. This was especially useful for fractional powers. In 1821, Nathaniel Bowditch, described in the American Practical Navigator a "sliding rule" that contained scales trigonometric functions on the fixed part and a line of log-sines and log-tans on the slider used to solve navigation problems.
Taking advantage of the calm morning air, students started the day flying missions to collect test data. Afternoons were spent in the lecture hall, and evenings were devoted to reducing data from the day's flights. Data reduction was dull and labor-intensive, requiring the student to transcribe information recorded on film or oscillograph paper and perform calculations by hand or slide rule. Once reduced, the data were woven into a report that summarized the test and the student's conclusions.
How, derived from the Old Norse word haugr, means hill or mound.Yorkshire Place-Name Meanings The manor was bought by a Scottish courtier David Foulis in 1608. The parish church, St Andrew, was almost entirely rebuilt in 1741, but has an early Norman chancel arch inside. In 1931, British altitude and distance records for gliders were established over the moors near here, as recounted by the novelist, pilot, and aeronautical engineer Nevil Shute in his memoir, Slide Rule.
1660)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004). After John Napier invented logarithms and Edmund Gunter created the logarithmic scales (lines, or rules) upon which slide rules are based, Oughtred was the first to use two such scales sliding by one another to perform direct multiplication and division. He is credited with inventing the slide rule in about 1622. He also introduced the "×" symbol for multiplication and the abbreviations "sin" and "cos" for the sine and cosine functions.
In the 1940s, Breitling added a circular slide rule to the bezel of their chronograph models for use by aircraft pilots. This bezel became most associated with the Navitimer, which launched in 1952. The name Navitimer comes from two words that were used to describe its purpose: Navigation and Timer. During the 1950s and 1960s, a version of the Navitimer was offered by the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association with the AOPA logo on the dial.
Early mechanical uses of decimal floating point are evident in the abacus, slide rule, the Smallwood calculator, and some other calculators that support entries in scientific notation. In the case of the mechanical calculators, the exponent is often treated as side information that is accounted for separately. The IBM 650 computer supported an 8-digit decimal floating-point format in 1953. The otherwise binary Wang VS machine supported a 64-bit decimal floating-point format in 1977.
Speed is the change in distance to an object with respect to time. Thus the existing system for measuring distance, combined with a memory capacity to see where the target last was, is enough to measure speed. At one time the memory consisted of a user making grease pencil marks on the radar screen and then calculating the speed using a slide rule. Modern radar systems perform the equivalent operation faster and more accurately using computers.
In order to make it fit on the platform, all of the mechanical calculator portions of the sight were removed. Instead, the bomb aimer had to use manual slide rule calculators to find the drift and bombing angles, and then set the bombsight to these values. The bombsight was unable to quickly adapt to changes in direction or altitude, and in this case was even slower to calculate such changes. Very few of the Mk. XI designs were produced.
It was a glider, known as the Tern, and was launched using a "very old Buick car" pulling a steel cable.Nevil Shute, "Slide Rule", London: Heinemann, 1954 During the Second World War the airfield was used as a Royal Air Force station. From 1940 Blackburn Aircraft used a Ministry of Aircraft Production factory here to build 1699 Fairey Swordfish naval torpedo aircraft. The Airborne Forces Experimental Establishment (AFEE) was moved from RAF Ringway to Sherburn on 17 June 1942.
The user does not have to know how to solve algebraic equations, look up data in tables, use a slide rule, or substitute numbers into equations to obtain results. The user does not even need to know the underlying equation the nomogram represents. In addition, nomograms naturally incorporate implicit or explicit domain knowledge into their design. For example, to create larger nomograms for greater accuracy the nomographer usually includes only scale ranges that are reasonable and of interest to the problem.
Shute himself was the pilot on the Tern's first test flight.Nevil Shute, "Slide Rule", London: Heinemann, 1954 On 24 August 1931 the Tern was flown by Carli Magersuppe from Stoupe Brow, Ravenscar to Scarborough to gain the first British distance record of 8.3 miles (13.4 km). The glider flew a total of 16 miles but only the straight-line distance counted towards the record. The Tern was constructed of wood with a fabric-covered two-spar cantilevered tapered wing with no dihedral.
As children, Jessica, Megan, and Rebecca took classical violin and piano lessons and were members of their local youth symphony. They began singing in public with their church choir and credit their classical training with developing their technical ability and teaching them how to practice. The family heard its first bluegrass recording, Slide Rule by Jerry Douglas, and were inspired to check out their local traditional-music scene. In 2004, the Lovell Sisters Band (LSB) debuted at the Signal Mountain Opry.
Slide Rule (1940 - ) was a Thoroughbred race horse who was owned by William E. Boeing of Boeing. He sired by Metropolitan and Suburban Handicap winner, Snark and was out of the mare King's Idyll, a daughter of the outstanding Champion sire and broodmare sire, Sir Gallahad III.Slide Rule's pedigree He was a stablemate of the more noted Devil's Thumb, and in April 1943, of the colt Twoses.Paumanok Handicap Split Into Two Fields, Los Angeles Times, April 10, 1943, pg. 8.
The original TI-30 was notable for its very low cost for the time, around US$25. This was much less than the retail prices of other scientific calculators of the era; for example, Hewlett-Packard's cheapest scientific calculator at the time was still well over $100. The Casio FX-20, another popular scientific calculator, sold for roughly double the price of the TI-30. The TI-30 sold for less than the cost of a professional- grade slide rule.
In the Circles of Proportion and the Horizontal Instrument, Oughtred introduces the abbreviations for trigonometric functions. This book was originally in manuscript before it eventually became published. Also, the slide rule is discussed, an invention that was made by Oughtred which provided a mechanical method of finding logarithmic results. It is mentioned in this book that John Napier was the first person to ever use to the decimal point and comma, however Bartholomaeus Pitiscus was actually the first to do so.
Another technician was using a piece of paper that he had in his pocket, and he stopped when he ran out of space. First Office Quintal did the calculation by hand, and Captain Pearson checked the arithmetic with his Jeppesen slide rule. Since the FQIS was not working, Captain Pearson decided to take on enough fuel to reach Edmonton without refueling at Ottawa. The flight plan showed that of fuel was required for the flight from Montreal to Ottawa to Edmonton.
Celluloid was also a popular material in the construction of slide rules. It was primarily used to coat wooden slide rule faces, such as in early A.W. Faber rules, as well as cursor end pieces, such as in Keuffel and Esser rules. Celluloid remains in use for musical instruments, especially accordions and guitars. Celluloid is very robust and easy to mold in difficult forms, and has great acoustic performance as cover for wooden frames since it does not block wood's natural pores.
In his autobiography Slide Rule, Shute recalls writing the book twice over and rewriting large portions a third time. He wrote as a relaxation from his regular work of designing air ships. His first two unpublished novels (Stephen Morris and Pilotage) were typed on an old Blick portable typewriter: he said it may not be quite a coincidence that my first published novel Marazan was the first that I wrote on a brand new typewriter bought out of my earnings as an engineer.
These are combined using basic vector addition to return the course made good or track. These calculations are a basic part of air navigation and dead reckoning, taught to all aviators. Wimperis was more than familiar with this topic, and would later write a well-known book on the topic. To aid in the necessary calculations, it was common to use a simple mechanical calculator that combined a slide-rule like calculator on one side with a vector calculator on the other.
It had a complete instruction set for controlling its arithmetic units. The algorithms for trigonometric and logarithmic algorithms took advantage of this instruction set which has put the slide rule out of business. But it also opened the door to a new genre of pocket calculators. Using the same hardware as the HP-35, France designed the HP-80 business calculator, that replaced reams of tables used to compute mortgages, returns on investments and other business transactions with a dedicated keyboard.
The aliens wiped his memory and hypnotized him into collecting the data for them. The FBI agent (Steve Pendleton) and the base commander (James Seay) are skeptical of this incredible story and keep him confined at the hospital. Nevertheless, the attending physician says that Martin genuinely believes that what he told them is true. With calculations made using a slide rule, Martin determines that if he shuts off the power to Soledad Flats for just 10 seconds, it will create an overload in the aliens' equipment.
The slide rule, also based on logarithms, allows quick calculations without tables, but at lower precision. The present-day notion of logarithms comes from Leonhard Euler, who connected them to the exponential function in the 18th century, and who also introduced the letter as the base of natural logarithms. Logarithmic scales reduce wide-ranging quantities to tiny scopes. For example, the decibel (dB) is a unit used to express ratio as logarithms, mostly for signal power and amplitude (of which sound pressure is a common example).
Since the light gun entered service after the introduction of field artillery computer equipment (FACE), it never, unlike the Abbot, had gun rules (large slide rule like instruments used at each gun to convert range in metres to tangent elevation in mils, taking account of muzzle velocity). Therefore, it has a single quadrant elevation scale. These optical indirect fire sights are now only used in recruit training. The guns also have a direct fire telescope and were originally issued with a night telescope using image intensification.
Nystrom received many patents for inventions such as a marine steam engine, a refrigerator, and calculating machines. His slide ruler invention (U. S. patent #7961) was filed with the United States Patent Office on 4 March 1851.American Slide Rule Patents (The Oughtred Society) Nystrom is most notable for his proposal to switch from decimal to hexadecimal as defined in his 1862 publication titled Project of a New System of Arithmetic, Weight, Measure and Coins, Proposed to be Called the Tonal System, with Sixteen to the Base.
After tracking a target for a short time, there would a string of plotted positions indicated on the board (e.g., the blue circles shown in Figure 1 above, left). This would then be sufficient for the plotting room to "connect the dots" with a projected course line (the black line in Figure 1) and estimate the target's speed. Next, a slide rule- like device called a set forward rule was used to mark off the set forward point (the green square in Figure 1) for the target.
Sir Francis Chichester was a renowned aviator and yachtsman. He used a Bygrave Slide Rule as an aid to navigation during flights in the 1930s, one of which was the first solo flight from New Zealand to Australia in a Gipsy Moth biplane. He later completed a round the world cruise in his yacht Gipsy Moth IV. This was the first solo circumnavigation using the clipper route. Sir Francis Chichester wrote about these exploits in his autobiography, entitled The Lonely Sea and the Sky.
Any adjustments required were recorded on a card fixed to the front of the computor. As the computor held the level line and was sending angle commands to the sight, it eliminated the need for a two-axis gyro in the sighting head itself. The gyro on the sight head only adjusted for rotation of the aircraft around its roll axis. The bomb sight was also supplied with the Emergency Computor, a simple circular slide rule for use when the main computor stopped working.
Little is known of Forster's life. He was a student of William Oughtred; while staying with Oughtred at Albury, Surrey, during the long vacation of 1630, the latter showed him two instruments: a circular slide rule, and a "horizontal instrument" for delineating sundials upon any kind of plane and for demonstrating astronomical principles. Oughtred had written instructions for these in Latin. Forster persuaded him to make them public, and was ultimately allowed to translate and publish Oughtred's treatise as The Circles of Proportion and the Horizontall Instrvment.
Snodgrass was inducted into the Navy in 1944. He served at the Naval Training School (NTS), Great Lakes, NTS Radio Chicago and the Naval Training Center, Gulfport, Mississippi as an instructor on the radio technology program, teaching math, slide rule and radio theory. He was honorably discharged in 1946.Taken from personal discharge papers dated 2/17/1946 At the end of WWII, Snodgrass was a junior member of the group of engineers under the M. P. O'Brien, Dean of Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley.
Allan R. Cullimore was the 3rd President of New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) from 1920 until 1947. Cullimore was a graduate of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Prior to this Cullimore had been a member of the faculty of the University of Toledo and then the first dean of the University of Delaware College of Engineering.a history of the University of Delaware, about 80% of so through the file Cullimore was known to have published a book on the use of the slide-rule in 1915.
Gerald, White, Clayton S. Nuclear Bomb Effects Computer (Including Slide-rule Design and Curve Fits for Weapons Effects) Washington, D.C., U.S. Atomic Energy Commission,82 p April 1962. In 1959, he and Lovelace performed the physical and psychological tests on the 32 original Project Mercury astronaut candidates, out of which 7 were chosen, including John Glenn. When, in 1965, Lovelace died, White succeeded him as director of the foundation. From 1974 to 1979 White was president of the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, but he missed Albuquerque and returned.
In addition to her creativity, eye for goal, and tactical awareness, she is known for outstanding control and dribbling ability, as well as her elegance on the ball. Her technical skill and ability to read the game allow her to determine "when to take a defender on one-on-one, how to find a teammate with a slide-rule pass, and how to exploit tight spaces to create scoring chances for herself and her cohorts". For these reasons, her playing style has drawn comparisons with compatriot and 1998 World Cup winner Zinedine Zidane.
Clifford Paul "Cliff" Stoll (born June 4, 1950) is an American astronomer, author and teacher. He is best known for his investigation in 1986, while working as a systems administrator at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, that led to the capture of hacker Markus Hess, and for Stoll's subsequent book The Cuckoo's Egg, in which he details the investigation. Stoll has written three books, articles in the non-specialist press (e.g., in Scientific American on the Curta mechanical calculator and the slide rule), and is a frequent contributor to the mathematics YouTube channel Numberphile.
The PADI recreational dive planner, in "Wheel" format. The Recreational Dive Planner (or RDP) is a decompression table in which no-stop time underwater is calculated. The RDP was developed by DSAT and was the first dive table developed exclusively for no-stop recreational diving. There are four types of RDPs: the original table version first introduced in 1988 along with a circular slide rule version called The Wheel, followed by the eRDP, an electronic version introduced in 2005 and the eRDPML, an electronic multi- level version introduced in 2008.
The airship departed on its return flight on 13 August, reaching Cardington after a 57½ hour flight. Nevil Shute later suggested in Slide Rule: Autobiography of an Engineer that the success of R100's Canadian flight indirectly led to the R101 disaster. Prior to the transatlantic flight, the Cardington team could suggest that neither airship was ready for a performance of such duration. However, when R100 returned in triumph they had to either make the flight to India or admit defeat – which would have meant discredit with the consequent danger of losing their jobs.
Instructions for ratio calculations and wind problems are printed on either side of the computer for reference and are also found in a booklet sold with the computer. Also, many computers have Fahrenheit to Celsius conversion charts and various reference tables. The front side of the flight computer is a logarithmic slide rule that performs multiplication and division. Throughout the wheel, unit names are marked (such as gallons, miles, kilometers, pounds, minutes, seconds, etc.) at locations that correspond to the constants that are used when going from one unit to another in various calculations.
Electronic versions are also produced, resembling calculators, rather than manual slide rules. Aviation remains one of the few places that the slide rule is still in widespread use. Manual E6Bs/CRP-1s remain popular with some users and in some environments rather than the electronic ones because they are lighter, smaller, less prone to break, easy to use one-handed, quicker and do not require electrical power. In flight training for a private pilot or instrument rating, mechanical flight computers are still often used to teach the fundamental computations.
Atanasoff's father later became an electrical engineer, whereas his mother, Iva Lucena Purdy (of mixed French and Irish ancestry), was a teacher of mathematics. Young Atanasoff's ambitions and intellectual pursuits were in part influenced by his parents, whose interests in the natural and applied sciences cultivated in him a sense of critical curiosity and confidence. Atanasoff was raised in Brewster, Florida. At the age of nine he learned to use a slide rule, followed shortly by the study of logarithms, and subsequently completed high school at Mulberry High School in two years.
Irving remained in UK until 1949 when he returned home to Australia, after the Vincent motorcycle business was put into receivership under Mr C E Baillie.Classic Bike, September 2002, The Vincent Story - Timeline, by Dave Minton. "1949. Vincent bankers appoint an official receiver Mr C E Baillie...Irving leaves and returns to Australia". p. 29 Accessed and added 2014-09-26 During the 1930s and 40s, Phil Irving wrote a technical column in Motor Cycling magazine under the pseudonym 'Slide Rule' some of which were later reprinted in book form as Motorcycle Technicalities.
It was developed in 1920 at the Air Ministry Laboratories at Kensington in London and was produced by Henry Hughes & Son Ltd of London until the mid-1930s. It solved the so-called celestial triangle accurately to about one minute of arc and quickly enough for aerial navigation. The solution of the celestial triangle used the John Napier rules for solution of square-angled spherical triangles. The slide rule was constructed as two coaxial tubes with spiral scales, like the Fuller slide rules, with yet another tube on the outside carrying the cursors.
The telescope was eventually completed in 1957, when it was the largest fully steerable radio telescope in the world. It remains in service as of 2016. According to Lovell, the project was completed using "a desk calculator and slide rule", which led to a "sturdy" construction with "quite a lot of redundancy in the steelwork" which Lovell later credited for the telescope's longevity. The structure is a rare example of a post-war grade-I-listed structure, denoting its "exceptional interest", and was voted Britain's top "unsung landmark" in a 2006 BBC poll.
Typical bombsights of the pre-war era worked on the "vector bombsight" principle introduced with the World War I Course Setting Bomb Sight. These systems consisted of a slide rule-type calculator that was used to calculate the effects of the wind on the bomber based on simple vector arithmetic. The mathematical principles are identical to those on the E6B calculator used to this day. In operation, the bombardier would first take a measurement of the wind speed using one of a variety of methods, and then dial that speed and direction into the bombsight.
A flight computer is a form of circular slide rule used in aviation and one of a very few analog computers in widespread use in the 21st century. Sometimes it is called by the make or model name like E6B, CR, CRP-5 or in German, as the Dreieckrechner. They are mostly used in flight training, but many professional pilots still carry and use flight computers. They are used during flight planning (on the ground before takeoff) to aid in calculating fuel burn, wind correction, time en route, and other items.
The R100 was immediately grounded and subsequently scrapped. Shute gives a detailed account of the development of the two airships in his 1954 autobiographical work, Slide Rule. His account is very critical of the R101 design and management team, and strongly hints that senior team members were complicit in concealing flaws in the airship's design and construction. In The Tender Ship, Manhattan Project engineer and Virginia Tech professor Arthur Squires used Shute's account of the R100 and R101 as a primary illustration of his thesis that governments are usually incompetent managers of technology projects.
But due to inaccuracies in tic-mark placement, some portions of its scales will read off by more than they should. For example, a reading of 4.630 might represent an answer of 4.632, or almost one part in 2000 error, when it should be accurate to one part in 6000 (66"/6000 = 0.011" estimated interpolation accuracy). The Geniac brand cylindrical slide rule sold by Oliver Garfield Company in New York was initially a relabelled Otis King; Garfield later made his own, probably unauthorized version of the Otis King (around 1959).
The book is loosely based on Shute's own experience at Howden in Yorkshire as Calculator of the R100 projectsee Shute's autobiography Slide Rule pg 60 2nd Pan Edition 1969 and his experience as a director of Airspeed Ltd. In 1935, Airspeed signed a manufacturing licensing agreement with Fokker and considered making the Fokker D.XVII fighter for Greece, who wanted to buy from Britain for currency reasons. Shute (now managing director) and a Fokker representative "who was well accustomed to methods of business in the Balkans" spent three weeks in Athens but did not close the deal.
In 1959, a year before the last DX-100 was sold, a new deluxe line of amateur equipment was introduced. The TX-1 Apache transmitter and the RX-1 Mohawk receiver were about the same size and weight as the DX-100 but had updated styling and a new cabinet (to which the DX-100 also changed). The transmitter had many more features than its predecessor, and the RX-1 was Heathkit's first full featured amateur band receiver. Both units used a "slide rule dial" with a scale on a rotating drum that changed with the band selection, and provided more accurate tuning.
The watchmaking company Breitling offers a model with a rotating bezel, in conjunction with another, fixed, meter on the dial, scaled for use as a slide rule for more complex calculations. Flyback chronographs have a timing hand that can be rapidly reset, or flyback, to zero. Ordinarily the sweep second hand is stopped to record the time and started again at that spot on the dial, or reset by spinning the second hand all the way to zero again, clockwise. The flyback allows a reading and a quick reset—a counterclockwise flyback—for the next measurement to start at zero.
The Oughtred Society. URL accessed 2006-06-09 The Coggeshall rule consisted of two rulers, each a foot (30 cm) long, which were put together in various ways. The most common and convenient arrangement was to have one of the rulers slide within a groove made along the middle of the other, like an ordinary linear slide rule, as shown in the figure below. Another form had one ruler sliding alongside the other, and a third form had a common two-foot folding ruler with a groove along one side in which a thin sliding piece was inserted that carried Coggeshall's lines.
Establishing a two-length lead down the backstretch, he rebuffed a challenge by Slide Rule around the turn and then continued to draw away down the stretch. His final winning margin was six lengths over Blue Swords with Attendant eight more lengths back in third. Count Fleet's time of 1:34 was not only a new track record, it was also a world record for the fastest mile ever run by a two-year-old. Count Fleet followed this up with a six-length win in the Thunderclap Purse on October 20 at odds of 1–4.
On 1 April 2018, Sriwijaya earned their first home victory against Persib Bandung 3–1. The first half marked by a sluggish start by Sriwijaya as the home stunned by Ezechiel N’Douassel in a counterattack, making Persib leads 1–0 against Sriwijaya. Two minutes on the second half, a long shot by Ezteban Viscarra equalised the score, then Sriwijaya leads the game 2-1 as Marckho Meraudje launched a strike to the upper left corner of the goal. Dzhalilov earned his first goal in the league as he ran onto Vizcarra's slide-rule pass before lifting his shot over Wirawan.
The art of mechanical analog computing reached its zenith with the differential analyzer, built by H. L. Hazen and Vannevar Bush at MIT starting in 1927. This built on the mechanical integrators of James Thomson and the torque amplifiers invented by H. W. Nieman. A dozen of these devices were built before their obsolescence became obvious. By the 1950s, the success of digital electronic computers had spelled the end for most analog computing machines, but analog computers remained in use during the 1950s in some specialized applications such as education (slide rule) and aircraft (control systems).
One of five MIT Technology Childcare Centers (TCC) is located at the western end of the ground floor. The Forbes Family Cafe is located at the eastern end, and serves coffee and lunch to the public during office hours. The MIT Museum maintains some historic displays on the ground floor of the Stata Center. A few selected larger relics of past hacks (student pranks) are now on semi- permanent display, including a "fire hose" drinking fountain, a giant slide rule, and full-size replicas of a cow and a police car which had been placed atop the Great Dome (though not at the same time).
The first game of October saw the Owls take trip down to local rivals Leeds United. The home team were first to carve a clear cut chance as Tommaso Bianchi fed for Mowatt but Keiren Westwood was sharp off as line to narrow the angle and make the stop. Souleymane Doukara then placed his slide rule finish just wide of the target and Rodolph Austin brought another smart save from Westwood as Leeds looked the more likely to score. In the second half, Jacques Maghoma led the charge and whipped in a dangerous centre for Maguire to bury first time into the bottom the corner.
Front of the CPU-73AP air navigation computer The Felsenthal CPU-73 A/P Air Navigation Attack Computer is a special purpose circular slide rule made for the United States Air Force and manufactured by the Felsenthal Instrument Corporation. Designed to calculate the course required for a fighter pilot to intercept a moving target, it is 9 inches in diameter. During World War II, Felsenthal produced over 75% of the plastic calculating instruments used by the Army Air Forces, and over 90% of those used by the Navy Bureau of Aeronautics. After the war, it introduced a variety of plastic items for commercial and technical purposes.
Much of the problem with the concept of first-mover advantage is that it may be hard to define. Should a first mover advantage apply to firms entering an existing market with technological discontinuity, the calculator replacing the slide rule for example, or should it apply solely be new products? The imprecision of the definition has certainly named undeserving firms as pioneers in certain industries, which has led to some debate over the real concept of first-mover advantage. Another common argument is whether first-mover advantage constitutes the initiation of research and development versus the entry of a new product into the market.
Although he was hailed as a top designer in the United States during the 1930s, he slipped away from the spotlight of his industrial design peers like Raymond Loewy, Henry Dreyfuss, and Norman Bel Geddes, largely because he did not open a large firm. Unique among the industrial designers of the 20th century, his work was focused on the intersections between interior decorating, furniture design, and the shapes of phonographs, radios and televisions. His contributions include creating a futuristic living room including television, the slide rule dial on radios, emphasis on the haptic experience of media (knobs and buttons), and the "user experience," years before this term was coined.
One of the earliest results was the System Darmstadt slide rule, which was widely used in mechanical engineering. Another development was an electromechanical integration system. After the Second World War, the institute concentrated increasingly on the development of electronic computer systems. Due to the reputation that TH Darmstadt had at that time in automatic computation research, the first congress on the subject of computer science (electronic calculators and information processing) held in German-speaking countries with international participation took place at TH Darmstadt in October 1955. The Darmstadt Electronic Calculator (DERA), which was completed in 1959, was created with the help of the German Research Foundation (DFG).
Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1821 for mathematical achievements, he had by that time invented a logometer (an early slide rule), and went on to design and patent a friction wheel and a clock escapement. These achievements led him into friendship with George Stephenson, and he played a role in the survey and engineering of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, particularly the crossing of Chat Moss. However, he resigned as a director of the line shortly before its completion. In the early days of railroading, it was by no means clear that the steam locomotive would come to be the principal form of propulsion for trains.
Engineering statistics dates back to 1000 B.C. when the Abacus was developed as means to calculate numerical data. In the 1600s, the development of information processing to systematically analyze and process data began. In 1654, the Slide Rule technique was developed by Robert Bissaker for advanced data calculations. In 1833, a British mathematician named Charles Babbage designed the idea of an automatic computer which inspired developers at Harvard University and IBM to design the first mechanical automatic- sequence-controlled calculator called MARK I. The integration of computers and calculators into the industry brought about a more efficient means of analyzing data and the beginning of engineering statistics.
But it was in the aerodynamics and control of the Tempest that he made major contributions. The Tempest fighter was to be designed to incorporate a laminar flow wing, and the shape of the aerofoil section would be critical in minimizing the effect of air compressibility at 500 m.p.h. On his own initiative he developed a method to predict the pressure distribution over the wing using mathematical formulae to describe the shape of the wing section combined with a solution of air compressibility equations. These were calculated using the only available tools of the time, an eight-digit mechanical desk calculator and a very large slide rule.
Assessing those achievements, Mark Bowman, chief test pilot at BAE Systems, said, "They didn't have the advantage of high-tech simulators. He just had to look at the aircraft and think what he was going to do with it", adding that he would have been flying the aircraft with "the benefit of a slide rule, not a bank of computers as we have now." In November 2014 he was the guest for the 3,000th edition of BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs. During the programme, the 95-year-old said that he still enjoyed driving and had just bought himself a new sports car.
Shortly after the victory in Europe on 8 May 1945 (V-E Day), the remaining college-based primary schools were closed, as well as the Navy-Operated school at the College of the Ozarks. With the surrender of Japan on 2 September 1945 (V-J Day), the entire ETP began a transition to peacetime, regular Navy operation. By the end of the year, Radio Chicago was closed; this included the State-Street primary school and all of Pre-Radio Schools (review topics and the slide-rule were added to the curriculum of the remaining primary schools). The primary school at Gulfport closed in March 1946, and the base was decommissioned.
Once thrown out of the cistern, it could not be sprinkled for 12 days. A survey book or ledger had to be kept to record the process and the gauging of the grain in the cistern, the couch, and on the floor. The volume of the grain was carefully measured, based upon the mean width, length and height, and calculated by mental arithmetic, pen and paper, or slide rule. The duty to be charged was based upon the largest gauge of either the cistern, couch or floor after a multiplying factor of 1.6 was applied to the larger of the cistern or couch gauges.
Mount Gunter () is a conspicuous mountain, high, with precipitous black rock cliffs on its west side, rising at the south side of Hariot Glacier, east of Briggs Peak, on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was first roughly surveyed by the British Graham Land Expedition in 1936–37, and was photographed by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in November 1947 (trimetrogon air photography). It was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1958, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Edmund Gunter, an English mathematician whose "line of numbers" (1617) was the first step toward a slide rule; in 1620 he published tables of logarithms, sines and tangents, which revolutionized navigation.
As well as Norway, Her son Arthur Hamilton was also a writer, and his son was the novelist Nevil Shute. Nevil Shute paid his grandmother the compliment of borrowing the name of one of her characters Johnnie Pascoe for one of his characters. In his 1954 autobiography, Slide Rule Nevil Shute acknowledged the influence that his father and grandmother had had on him thus: I don't think there is a great deal in the theory that writing ability is dictated by heredity, but I think there is a great deal in environment. My father and my grandmother both wrote a number of books, so that the business was familiar to me before I started.
The tale of the design of R100 and its claimed superiority to R101 is told in Shute's Slide Rule: Autobiography of an Engineer, first published in 1954. Although flawed and not quite as overwhelmingly superior as Nevil Shute Norway implied, R100 represented the best that conventional airship technology in Britain had to offer at the time. R101 suffered in comparison partly because of its many groundbreaking but ultimately dubious innovations, and also because of the weight of its diesel engines. In lifting efficiency, both dirigibles were inferior to the smaller LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin. After R101 crashed and burned in France, en route to India on 5 October 1930, the Air Ministry ordered R100 grounded.
In the second half, United continued to test the Wigan goal, but goalkeeper Chris Kirkland was up to the task, producing a number of good saves. Paul Scholes was brought down in the box by Titus Bramble early in the half, but the referee was not positioned well enough to be able to give it. With 25 minutes to go, Alex Ferguson brought on Owen Hargreaves to shore up the defence, and Ryan Giggs, who equalled Bobby Charlton's club appearance record with his 758th appearance in a United shirt. Fittingly, it was Giggs who got United's second goal of the game, slotting the ball past Kirkland after Wayne Rooney played him in with a slide-rule pass.
Morton resisted arrest and gained a broken hand, which caused him to play their next gig, three weeks later with an improvised splint made from a slide rule and a wrench. Morton, in particular, had an inclination for violence that often led to physical fights and temporary splits in the band, or he and Dave E would go to a working class bar and provoke a fight by dancing together as if a homosexual couple. In late 1973 McMahon left the band, replaced by Paul Marotta, who was a competent musician on both guitar and keyboards and was simultaneously a member of Mirrors. Drummers came and left during the history of the band, but bass guitar was always absent.
158 In 1944, she was posted to 33 Wing, RAF Second Tactical Air Force at Mechelen (Malines), Belgium, with a small team of women using their mathematical skills to detect the mobile launchers of the V-2 rockets aimed at London and the vital port of Antwerp. "Our job was to extrapolate the curve of the V-2 from the place it landed back to the launch site, and we did that once we knew the fall of shot and we got the position of the top of curve, we then used a slide rule in geometry to find the launch site," she told the BBC. Allied aircraft could then bomb the launch vehicles. She remained at Mechelen until June 1945.
The higher altitude readings were needed for firings of the coast defense mortars, which sent their shells on very high trajectories. Once data were available on wind speed and direction, a circular slide rule-like device called a "wind component indicator" (see image below) was used to figure out the components of the wind that affected either the range or the deflection (in azimuth) of the shells fired. This device yielded index numbers that were either fed to the plotting room and used to correct readings on a plotting board, were used as input to a "deflection board" (see below) or were telephoned to the batteries and used by gun crews to make offsets directly on the range wheels or sights of the guns themselves.
There was a known strike on this bridge that occurred on October 22, 2012, and investigators found evidence of several other impacts in years past. Bridge inspection reports dating back to 1979 frequently note damage caused by over-height vehicles, and an inspection report from late 2012 noted a three-inch gash in the steel. According to Charles Roeder, a professor of civil engineering at the University of Washington in Seattle, through-truss bridges were a common bridge design in the 1950s (there are 10,200 through-truss bridges in the US), but "[i]f you take out some of the top framing, you set that bridge up for a stability failure." Before computers, bridge engineers analyzed truss forces by slide rule, with each calculation being time-consuming.
After 1953, there was competition to the Trans-Oceanic from both Hallicrafters, with their 'Trans-World' series sets, and RCA, with their 'Strato-World' models. In the spring of 1954, the 600 series was introduced with its 'slide-rule' type dial and a mains supply cord which coils inside the set on a spring-loaded reel. This model stayed in production, with minor changes, until the end of the T/O tube era in 1962. This "600" series used several letters to denote minor changes: L600 in 1954, R600 in 1955, T600 for 1955-56, Y600 for 1956-57, A600 for 1958, and B600 for 1959-62. Production for the 600 series was 270,000. The 600 series used six tubes: (2) 1U4, 1L6, 1L5, 3V4, and 50A1.
As slide rule development progressed, added scales provided reciprocals, squares and square roots, cubes and cube roots, as well as transcendental functions such as logarithms and exponentials, circular and hyperbolic trigonometry and other functions. Aviation is one of the few fields where slide rules are still in widespread use, particularly for solving time–distance problems in light aircraft. In 1831–1835, mathematician and engineer Giovanni Plana devised a perpetual-calendar machine, which, through a system of pulleys and cylinders could predict the perpetual calendar for every year from AD 0 (that is, 1 BC) to AD 4000, keeping track of leap years and varying day length. The tide- predicting machine invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872 was of great utility to navigation in shallow waters.
Scott had taken to "unwise lunchtime drink", probably as a result of ill-health, and was "having difficulty in holding the position he had deservedly won".Masefield, p. 242. Masefield characterised Scott as "dogmatic, aloof and ill, reluctant to delegate to the Captains of the ships".Masefield, p. 333. Nevil Shute Norway, better known as the novelist Nevil Shute, was chief calculator (and later deputy chief engineer) under Barnes Wallis on the design of the R100 and a passenger on that ship's transatlantic flight. In his 1954 autobiography, Slide Rule, Shute criticised Scott for his decision to pass through, rather than avoid, a thunderstorm on the outbound leg of that flight; according to Shute, "even with the lesser knowledge of those days, Scott should have known better".
Excavation of over 76 million cubic metres (23 million cubic metres of which was additional to the planned amount due to landslides) for the Culebra Cut, Panama canal construction photo taken circa 1907 Engineers need to concern themselves with issues of geotechnical engineering (such as soil density and strength) and with quantity estimation to ensure that soil volumes in the cuts match those of the fills, while minimizing the distance of movement. In the past, these calculations were done by hand using a slide rule and with methods such as Simpson's rule. Earthworks cost is a function of hauled amount x hauled distance. The goal of mass haul planning is to determine these amounts and the goal of mass haul optimization is to minimize either or both.
But this should be no more astonishing than the inability to determine, in like circumstances, whether one is receiving a telephone message viva voce or only a prerecorded one. Even with unlimited exchanges, the mediation of a computer could be detected only by a user who was more skilled at detecting the programmed nature of the responses than the programmer - not the computer - was at hiding it. As an abacus and a slide rule are tools wherewith the user can perform complex mathematical operations more efficiently than without, though the instruments themselves cannot so much as add one plus one, a computer is a machine for thinking, not a machine that thinks. Evidently, those who fail to perceive the difference disregard the distinction between the activity of thinking and the contents of thought.
During the semi-final, he netted a solo goal against Mexico: he received the ball with three markers closing in on him, skipped past one and paced forward before escaping two other opponents and evading the goalkeeper, but Germany were defeated 3–2. He represented the under-21 team at the 2015 European Championship in the Czech Republic, starting all four matches. In their opening game at the Letná Stadium in Prague on 17 June, Can scored with a 17th-minute equaliser from the edge of the penalty area in a 1–1 draw against Serbia. In their second group match at the Eden Arena in Prague against Denmark on 20 June, Can hit a slide- rule pass to assist Kevin Volland's smart finish in the 32nd minute.
This was for the Model C, D and G computers widely used in World War II by the British Commonwealth (as the "Dalton Dead Reckoning Computer"), the U.S. Navy, copied by the Japanese, and improved on by the Germans, through Siegfried Knemeyer's invention of the disc-type Dreieckrechner device, somewhat similar to the eventual E6B's backside compass rose dial in general appearance, but having the compass rose on the front instead for real-time calculations of the wind triangle at any time while in flight. These are commonly available on collectible auction web sites. The U.S. Army Air Corps decided the endless belt computer cost too much to manufacture, so later in 1937 Dalton morphed it to a simple, rigid, flat wind slide, with his old Model B circular slide rule included on the reverse.
Her grandfather was the foreman of Kearfott, where her father was also an engineer. When she was nearly five years old, her grandparents relocated to Montreat, North Carolina, while her immediate family moved to Pompton Lakes, New Jersey, a small, suburban town in North Jersey which Bauer has fictionalized in her novels as "Lenape Lakes" -- "only forty-five minutes outside of New York City, if there's no traffic, although it may as well be four zillion light-years away since no one from here ever goes there." Bauer learned to read and use the slide rule before she went to kindergarten, and began writing books at the age of six. She showed musical ability at a young age, and played the clarinet, piano, violin and guitar, and was also active in the theater.
The Gerber Variable Scale—which used a triangular calibrated spring as a computing element to eliminate all scaling and conversions between numerics and graphics—provided means for quick, efficient calculations, and became known as the greatest engineering tool since the slide rule. Gerber's early life and accomplishments in America were the subject of the 1950 Broadway play Young Man in a Hurry, written by Morton Wishengrad and starring Cornel Wilde. In 1953, J. Robert Oppenheimer and other judges selected Gerber as one of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce's "Ten Most Outstanding Young Men in America." Reflecting on his immigrant experience, Gerber would observe that he > learned that in USA it was true you could accomplish things if you were > willing to work because then people, recognizing not only your abilities but > your earnestness, will give you of themselves beyond belief to help you.
Ralph was made Chief Stressman of De Havilland in 1955, Deputy Chief Structural Engineer in 1967 and Chief Structural Engineer in 1971, taking charge of all four structural departments, as the company changed from being De Havilland to Hawker Siddeley, then to British Aerospace. Altogether during his 50+ years of working with DH and its successors at Hatfield, he worked on designs for over 40 different aircraft including the Albatross, Flamingo, Vampire, Hornet, Comet, Trident, Airbus wings together with the Consortium in Toulouse and finally the BAe 146. He was a very able mathematician but would only eve use his trusted slide rule to make calculations. He travelled the world and had to go out to the Comet air disasters which were attributed to faults in the fuselage (windows) not the wings which were his responsibility at the time.
The introduction says that the two complete novels were left in his papers when he died in 1960. The publisher and family (Heather Felicity Norway) decided to publish them as: They are good stories in themselves, and published in one volume because of the continuity of some of the characters – particularly Stephen Morris – through both. Not only do they provide evidence of Shute’s fine narrative gift, but they each contain strong personal elements which readers will find an interesting supplement to the author’s autobiography, Slide Rule. Shute himself wrote about them that:Slide Rule page 53-4 I finished my first novel in 1923, sent it to three publishers, and put it on the shelf, where it will remain because it is a very poor book. I read it the other day after brushing off the dust of nearly thirty years, or rather skimmed it through; I don’t thing anyone would have the patience to read the whole thing.
Boffin continued, in the immediate postwar period, to carry some of its wartime connotation, as a modern-day wizard who labours in secret to create incomprehensible devices of great power. For example, the comics of the period depicted them as developing imaginative machines.Ed. Daniel TatarskyEagle Annual of the Cutaways, Orion Books,2009 However, their more nuanced wartime role was not reflected in popular culture, such as the 1951 Festival of Britain and the term was even used in the UK parliament (1953) to refer to boffins as narrow academics. The image of the technical boffin-hero was popularised by Nevil Shute's novel No Highway (1948), PaulBrickhill's non- fiction book The Dambusters (1951) and Shute's autobiography Slide Rule (1954). Films of The Small Back Room (1948), No Highway (1951, as No Highway in the Sky), and The Dambusters (1954) also featured boffins as heroes, as did stand-alone films such as The Man in the White Suit (1951) and The Sound Barrier (1952).
These included a "black phosphor" computer monitor, and a programming language with all the worst features of BASIC and COBOL, called BASBOL. The fictional company's flagship product was the TLS-8E, a computer which was sold with a factory-applied coating of oxidation on its peripheral edge card connectors ("to protect them from electricity"), a 5-inch "sloppy" disk drive, and a keyboard that eschewed the familiar QWERTY array for a 16-key matrix that included a TBA (To Be Announced) key. According to Busch, the operation was founded by one "Scott Nolan Hollerith" (after Adventure programmer Scott Adams, Atari co-founder Nolan Bushnell, and computer pioneer Herman Hollerith). S.N. Hollerith, it was said, graduated from the University of California at Phoenix in 1970 with a degree in Slide Rule Design, and quickly built KTI into a multi-thousand-dollar empire on a foundation of selling maintenance upgrades for DROSS-DOS 8E, a microcomputer operating system that was a subset of CP/M.
Between 1958 and 1960, Pyro introduced a series of educational “activity” kits; Design-a-Car (kit #361), Design-a-House (#362); Design-a-Plane, and Design-a-House Master. The Design-a-House kit included a large selection of generic architectural elements such as inner stud walls, door frames and windows. The Design-a-Car and Design-a-Plane kits featured the Design-a-matic, a slide-rule-like “computer” which, according to company literature had been “validated by Remington Rand Univac Division of Sperry Rand”. Pyro also sold a handful of architectural models, anatomical subjects such as The Human Eye, The Human Heart, The Human Ear, The Human Lung, The Human Nose and Mouth, and Man Anatomy Model (not to be confused with the much more famous and successful Visible Man from Renwal); 1/8 scale figures; Indian Warrior, Indian Chief, Medicine Man, Rawhide Cowpuncher, Restless Gun Deputy Sheriff, Wyatt Earp, and Neanderthal Man. Dinosaurs appeared in the “Science Series” (later re-boxed as the Prehistoric Monsters series). Bird models included Bald Eagle, Mallard Duck, Ring-tailed Pheasant and Birds Gift set, issued in “Mark Trail” editions, and later in a special Paint-by-Number set with pallet, brush and Paint-by-Number instructions.

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