Watch out for keywords that are used to disguise sugar — like dextrose, fructose, saccharose, agave nectar and evaporated cane juice — and take stock of how much sugar you've been eating without even realizing it.
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These fruits contain especially levulose and fructose, and very little saccharose.
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The name saccharose was coined in 1860 by the French chemist Marcellin Berthelot.Marcellin Berthelot, Chimie organique fondée sur la synthèse (Paris, France: Mallet-Bachelier, 1860), pp. 254–55 . Saccharose is an obsolete name for sugars in general, especially sucrose.
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Saccharose does not have a reducing end because of full acetal formation between the aldehyde carbon of glucose (C1) and the keto carbon of fructose (C2).
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Saccharin derives its name from the word "saccharine", meaning "sugary". The word saccharine is used figuratively, often in a derogative sense, to describe something "unpleasantly over-polite" or "overly sweet". Both words are derived from the Greek word (sakkharon) meaning "gravel". Relatedly, saccharose is an obsolete name for sucrose (table sugar).
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Solvent casting and particulate leaching (SCPL) allows for the preparation of structures with regular porosity, but with limited thickness. First, the polymer is dissolved into a suitable organic solvent (e.g. polylactic acid could be dissolved into dichloromethane), then the solution is cast into a mold filled with porogen particles. Such porogen can be an inorganic salt like sodium chloride, crystals of saccharose, gelatin spheres or paraffin spheres.
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The structure of the crystallized form was determined by J. D. Oliver and L. C. Strickland in 1984, using X-ray diffraction. The crystal system is orthorombic, symmetry group P212121, with parameters a = 1.835 nm, b= 2.144 nm, c= 0.835 nm, Z=4, V=3.285 nm3, Dx = 1.372 g/mL. The pyranose and furanose rings are in "chair" (4C1) and "twist" (4T1) conformations, respectively, unlike their conformations in saccharose.
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The optimum temperature for growth would be that found in the intestines of a healthy pig, about 37 °C. The cells are obligate heterofermentators and can produce D- and L-lactic acid utilizing glucose, ribose, maltose, and saccharose as carbon sources. Many Lactobacillus species, including L. mucosae, have a gene that codes for a cell surface mucus binding protein known as mub. This protein binds to components in pig intestinal mucus.
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Sodium thiosulfate also serves as a sulfur source and its presence, in combination with ferric citrate, allows for the easy detection of hydrogen sulfide production. Saccharose (sucrose) is included as a fermentable carbohydrate for metabolism by Vibrio species. The alkaline pH of the medium enhances the recovery of V. cholerae and inhibits the growth of others. Thymol blue and bromothymol blue are included as indicators of pH changes.
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Pentadiplandra brazzeana is an evergreen shrub or liana that is the only species assigned to the genus Pentadiplandra, and has been placed in a family of its own called Pentadiplandraceae. It produces large red berries, sometimes mottled with grey. It is known from West-Central Tropical Africa, between northern Angola, eastern Nigeria and western Democratic Republic of Congo. The berry is sweet in taste due to the protein, brazzein, which is substantially sweeter than saccharose.
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The sugar industry subsumes the production, processing and marketing of sugars (mostly saccharose and fructose). Globally, most sugar is extracted from sugar cane (~80 % predominantly in the tropics) and sugar beet (~ 20%, mostly in temperate climate like in the U.S. or Europe). Holly Sugar Corporation plant near Brawley, California. Photograph by Environmental Protection Agency. (12/02/1970) Sugar is used for soft drinks, sweetened beverages, convenience foods, fast food, candy, confectionery, baked products, and other sweetened foods.
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This test is a diagnostic for GSID. Other tests which can aid in the diagnosis of GSID but which are not truly diagnostic for the disease are the sucrose breath test, and a genetic test which tests for the absence of certain genes which are thought to be responsible for GSID. Sucrose (also called saccharose) is a disaccharide and is a two-sugar chain composed of glucose and fructose which are bonded together. A more familiar name is table, beet, or cane sugar.
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Mucor mucedo is sensitive to the fungicide captafol (terrazol) which inhibits the apical growth of hyphae and, at lower concentrations, promotes thickening of the fungal cell wall. Terrazol, with its fungistatic effect, induces liberation in phospholipases within the mitochondria and other membranes, leading to a complete lysis of the mitochondria. The only known antidote for the effect of terrazol is impure saccharose, which contains phospholipase inhibitors. The cell wall thickening appears to be a side effect of the lowered phosphorylating capability of the mitochondria.
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The kinetic isotope effect leads to a specific distribution of deuterium isotopes in natural products, depending on the route they were synthesized in nature. By NMR spectroscopy, it is therefore easy to detect whether the alcohol in wine was fermented from glucose, or from illicitly added saccharose. Another reaction mechanisms that was elucidated using the kinetic isotope effect is the halogenation of toluene: :Kinetic isotope effect in halogenation of toluene In this particular "intramolecular KIE" study, a benzylic hydrogen undergoes radical substitution by bromine using N-bromosuccinimide as the brominating agent. It was found that PhCH3 brominates 4.86x faster than PhCD3.
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He emigrated to Australia when he was about 15 years old, but later returned to Europe, studying at the Pasteur Institute of Paris, from which he obtained either a D.Sc. or a PhD on returning to Australia he worked at the Royal Park Laboratories in Melbourne, before taking up the position of Government Botanist with the Department of Agriculture in 1911. In 1917 he retired, apparently returning to his family's wine business in South Australia. He died in 1931 in Kensington Gardens, Adelaide. Stoward specialised in fermentation and other chemical processes, publishing papers like On the Influence Exercised by certain Acids on the Inversion of Saccharose by Sucrase and On Endospermic Respiration in Certain Seeds.
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Computer tomography (a) and electron micrograph (b) of the Ti foam made with saccharose as a space holder, showing two types of pores in titanium foam The selection of the space-holder is one of the most crucial steps because it defines many of the properties of the resulting foam, including cell shape, cell size and macroporosity. The space-holder should be inert and represent the size and shape of the desired pores. The porosity may be adjusted anywhere between 50 and 85% without the filler material becoming a part of the resultant foam. It is also important to select a spacer that has limited or no solubility in titanium, as this incorporation will affect the mechanical properties of the resulting foam.
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The size of the porogen particles will affect the size of the scaffold pores, while the polymer to porogen ratio is directly correlated to the amount of porosity of the final structure. After the polymer solution has been cast the solvent is allowed to fully evaporate, then the composite structure in the mold is immersed in a bath of a liquid suitable for dissolving the porogen: water in the case of sodium chloride, saccharose and gelatin or an aliphatic solvent like hexane for use with paraffin. Once the porogen has been fully dissolved, a porous structure is obtained. Other than the small thickness range that can be obtained, another drawback of SCPL lies in its use of organic solvents which must be fully removed to avoid any possible damage to the cells seeded on the scaffold.
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