Instead, Germany was counting on IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde convincing others in the Fund to drop their demands on a debt relief decision now and settle for a debt relief road-map that contains no firm commitments, but is conditional on reforms and data.
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The A145 runs from close to the village of North Cove, just east of Worlingham and Beccles, bypassing both places before passing through a rural area on its route to the A12 at Blythburgh. Until 2018 it ran through the town before a relief road was opened passing around the southern edge of Beccles.Another step forward for relief road project, Beccles and Bungay Journal, 2013-11-27. Retrieved 2014-02-28.Carr J (2017) Work to begin this week on £7m Beccles Southern Relief Road, Beccles and Bungay Journal, 2017-08-22. Retrieved 2018-05-26.Carr J (2018) New £7m relief road finally opens - with potential to create 3,000 jobs, Beccles and Bungay Journal, 2018-09-25.
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This single carriageway includes a bypass of Turlough village and a relief road around Castlebar. It opened in 1991.
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Further north, the Relief Road briefly enters the parish of Skellingthorpe, west of the Decoy Farm and the Duck Decoy.
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The M6 Toll was the first private toll motorway in the United Kingdom.Judge Orders Discovery of Secret BNRR Deal , Alliance Against the Birmingham Northern Relief Road. The project was described by as a "43 km dual three lane (plus hard shoulder), £485.5 million motorway" with six toll stations.Birmingham Northern Relief Road, United Kingdom , urbantransport-technology.com.
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The estate also has two churches at either end and a decorative brick entrance wall off Burnside Road. The Cathkin Relief Road was completed in 2017 at a cost of £21 million to extend Mill Street from Spittal through the informal parkland between Fernhill and Blairbeth/High Burnside to connect with the existing Cathkin Bypass (A730) and alleviate traffic from other local routes including Fernhill Road.Cathkin Relief Road, idverde UKCathkin Relief Road compensation claims could cost South Lanarkshire Council £1million, Daily Record, 22 October 2019 In 2019, Fernbrae Meadows was opened to the south of Fernhill; formerly Blairbeth Golf Course, the area is a 20 hectares of semi- natural, managed greenspace.
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SEMMS New Relief Road Scheme This section was widened from two to three lane carriageways along with the Stockport East-West Bypass in 1999 and 2000.
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The last remains were removed in 2000 and the site is now under the relief road at the north end of Swannery Bridge near a car park.
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In 2006, a southern relief road for Beccles was approved, running from a roundabout just south of the town towards Ellough where the A145 connects with an industrial area before joining with the A146 at North Cove.Another step forward for relief road project, Beccles and Bungay Journal, 27 November 2013. Retrieved 28 February 2014. The completion cost was around £7.0 million and the road forms part of Suffolk County Council traffic management plans.
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Generala Dorokhova Avenue (also known as Southern relief road for Kutuzovsky Avenue) is an urban highway in Moscow which is under construction. Completion of the highway is planned for 2020.
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In 2006 the A23 Coulsdon Relief Road was constructed through its site. Only the station approach road, alongside which are a few sections of railway fencing, indicate its former site.
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Coulsdon Relief Road In 2000, Transport for London (TfL) was formed, taking responsibility for all related projects in Greater London, including roads. They did not have responsibility for maintaining any motorways, so the built parts of the Westway and West and East Cross Routes were downgraded to all- purpose roads. TfL has concentrated primarily on improving public transport in London and discouraging the use of private cars where practical. The only new road constructed by TfL has been the Coulsdon Relief Road.
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"Last passenger train at Chesterfield Central, Saturday on 15 June 1963. 'Flying Scotsman' calls on a Railway Preservation Society tour from Sheffield Victoria to Marylebone." The station was demolished by 1973 to make way for Chesterfield's inner-relief road, Accessed 24 Feb 2009 "The remainder of the station was demolished in 1973 to make way for a planned relief road" much of which was built along the former trackbed of the GCR. This dual-carriageway now forms part of the A61 road.
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The park can be accessed in various ways, Via;Kemsley Recreation Ground, Grovehurst Road, Newman Drive (as it turns into Recreation Way), Walsby Drive (in the housing estate), Miller Close (in the housing estate), Green Porch Close (by Holy Trinity Church), Gas Road (by CPM - formerly Milton Pipes) and via the Northern Relief Road. Also, National Cycle Route 1 passes the country park via the B2005, Saffron Way. The Swale Heritage Trail (another long distance local trail) now ends at the park via the Northern Relief Road.
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Faber Maunsell Limited (2009) A12 Lowestoft study: Lake Lothing third crossing feasibility study (online), retrieved 2011-04-09. A third crossing of Lowestoft Harbour is proposed, but has yet to receive planning or funding; a southern relief road was built, which diverts traffic away from the seafront to help reduce congestion,Seaside town relief road opened, BBC news website, 2006-06-27. Retrieved 2013-01-26. while a proposed pedestrian and cycle bridge is planned to provide an alternative crossing alongside the Bascule Bridge.
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In April 1970, Windsor Bridge, connecting Eton to Windsor was closed to all motorised traffic. All traffic must now travel via Royal Windsor Way (formally the Windsor and Eton relief road), a bypass opened in 1966.
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Its decline was hastened in the 1990s by its isolation behind a now often criticised and regretted inner relief road, which cut it off from the town centre and isolated the town from its railway station.
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Rheola Bridge on the by-pass at Porth The Rhondda by-pass, also known as the Porth and Lower Rhondda Fach Relief Road, is a relief road running through the Rhondda, a valley in South Wales. It is built partly on the former Maerdy Branch of the Rhondda Line and a former branch line to Cymmer Colliery. The road runs from Trehafod at the eastern edge of the Rhondda to Pontygwaith in the Rhondda Fach via Porth. The route includes the Rheola Bridge, which crosses near the point the Rhondda Fawr and Rhondda Fach divide.
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A47 relief road. The site of Yarmouth South Town has disappeared beneath new roads, superstores and industrial units, whilst that of Gorleston-on-Sea was swept away in 1991 to make way for a roundabout on the A47 Gorleston inner relief road. The road follows the former railway alignment from the bridge at Yarmouth Vauxhall to a point to the south of the former Gorleston station, and includes a new drawbridge near the site of Breydon Viaduct. The site of Gorleston Links Halt is similarly unrecognisable and have disappeared under residential development.
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In July 2000, control of the section of road inside the Greater London boundary was transferred from The Highways Agency to Transport for London. This caused delays to a planned relief road of Coulsdon, which had been announced in 1998. The then mayor, Ken Livingstone apologised in 2002 that TfL was unable to construct the relief road due to a lack of funds. The road was eventually completed in 2007, and which under TfL's ownership had acquired a bus lane that suffered ridicule for not having any buses actually running on it.
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Walderslade Woods is a recent development, begun before the 1970s, to the south of the village near the M2 motorway. It is hemmed in by a road, also confusingly named "Walderslade Woods" (the A2045), the only part of the incomplete Medway Towns southern relief road. (The northern relief road is a complete dual carriageway.) There are a few corner shops and one school (Tunbury Primary School), but plans have existed for more shops and at least one further primary and secondary school. There is a private hospital, the Spire Alexandra.
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'Walkway' rail station plan for Magor as M4 relief road scrapped BBC News; 18 June 2019 The proposal involves a 'walkway' station which would not provide car parking, instead focussing on active travel and walkability for the town's 6,000 residents.
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The busy N60 still passes through the town via an inner relief road. A second bypass for the town is included in the proposed new N60 road to Castlebar, in 2011 the NRA suspended this road development due to government cutbacks.
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South of the River Thames, the ECR (A102) skirts Tunnel Avenue and flies over Blackwall Lane (A2203) and Woolwich Road (A206) before climbing the hill towards the Sun-in-the-Sands interchange where it passes under Shooters Hill Road (A2/A207) and becomes the Rochester Way Relief Road (A2). It squeezes through the tight space between Rochester Way (the old A2 route) and Woolacombe Road before it ends at the Kidbrooke interchange where it connects to Kidbrooke Park Road (A2213) or continues as the later section of the Rochester Way Relief Road built in the 1980s.
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The entire area is within the more loosely defined geographical area referred to as the Peak District. The village is split into roughly two halves, intersected by the A624 relief road (locally referred to as the bypass although it goes through, rather than round, the village). One half contains the traditional village centre, including several shops, businesses, and St Matthew's Parish Church, while the other half contains mostly dwellings along with a handful of businesses, the bus station and St. John's Methodist Church. The relief road was built to ease heavy traffic that once travelled through the narrow main streets of the village.
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He vehemently opposed the M4 Relief Road which he viewed as failing to improve transport within Wales. He was critical of the decision taken by the UK Government under Theresa May to remove the tolls on the Severn crossings, stating it would "lead to six million more vehicles a year" on the roads, and that Westminster were "unleashing" extra traffic to try to incentivise the construction of the M4 Relief Road. He is instead involved in Government projects including the South Wales Metro and improving bus services which make up the majority of public transport ridership in Wales.
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The Wakefield Eastern Relief Road (A6194, also known as Neil Fox Way) is a new single-carriageway road opened in 2017, running generally north-south on the eastern edge of Wakefield, linking the A638 near Heath Common to the A642 at Stanley, south of junction 30 of the M62. It is intended to relive congestion within Wakefield Wakefield Council, Wakefield Eastern Relief Road: Press Release PR 8356, issued 27 September 2016, accessed 6 November 2018 and to support the development of 2,500 new houses at the City Fields development, an urban extension to the east of the city.City of Wakefield, Wakefield Eastern Relief Road, accessed 3 November 2018 The 7.5 km road was the first project constructed as part of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority’s 10-year programme of strategic transport schemes planned to promote growth and create employment across the region. Funding for the schemes is though the £1bn Leeds City Region Enterprise Partnership (LEP) Growth Deal from the UK Government’s Local Growth Fund.
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Construction of the Southern Relief Road, in the summer of 2018 The town is bypassed to the north by the A146 road between Norwich in Norfolk and Lowestoft in Suffolk. The bypass was built in the 1980s and the main road previously ran through the town, crossing the River Waveney at the narrow Beccles bridge. The link road between the A146 and the town is George Westwood Way, in memory of a Deputy Mayor, George Lionel Westwood, who fought hard for the construction of the bypass. The A145 used to run from the A146 through the town centre to link with the A12 at Blythburgh, to the south of Beccles; the official route of the road now runs via the Beccles Southern Relief Road to indicate to drivers, particularly those of HGVs, that they can avoid the town; this is intended to make the relief road effective in keeping unnecessary traffic out of the town.
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Examples of such (referring to a different village near Rugby) are "Home rule for Crick" and "Fly Crick air". In August 2007 construction of the Rugby Western Relief Road started just west of the village, a project which was completed in 2010.
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Work commenced in 2008; and was completed by mid-2011, in time for the 2012 Olympic sailing events. During archaeological excavations carried out in advance of the relief road construction, a burial pit containing 51 dismembered skeletons of Viking men was discovered on Ridgeway Hill.
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During the Great Flood, large quantities of debris built up behind it, and then caused the iron bridge below it to be swept away. Corporation Street is now part of the A61, and the bridge forms the west side of the inner relief road roundabout.
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It meets the A158 (for Skegness) and the B1182 (former route into Lincoln) at a roundabout. The A46 Lincoln Relief Road is concurrent with the A15. The A15 leaves to the right at a roundabout. The road becomes dual carriageway and traverses the Lincoln Cliff.
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When it was cut back to nearby Mickleover and the line was lifted. The track was then severed by a new relief road and new builds. And a purpose built student accommodation was built on the otherside of the old trackbed. Only the bridge remains.
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After passing through Bellaghy the N17 in Co. Sligo heads in a northeasterly direction bypassing Curry, this 6 km section was built in 1993 and is of excellent standard. After bypassing Curry and as far as Tubbercurry the standard of the road is reduced to a very low quality winding road with a high fatality rate. The N17 passes Tubbercurry to the west in the form of a basic relief road, heavy goods vehicles use this road around the town, although many cars continue on through the town's main street as it is often faster than the relief road. The route continues in a north easterly direction towards Ballinacarrow.
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The M4 relief road skirting the southern edge of the urban area of Newport is proposed as a means of reducing the congestion on the existing M4 motorway (presently squeezed through the Brynglas Tunnels) and making Newport and the surrounding areas more accessible. There have also been calls for a barrage across the River Usk to be incorporated with the M4 bypass, so that the level of the river would stay permanently at high tide level, although possible plans for a Severn barrage across the River Severn would reduce the need for a River Usk barrage. The relief road scheme was cancelled in July 2009 but relaunched in 2014.
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The main road running northwards through Stanwix is Scotland Road, and until 2012 had the dubious distinction of carrying the same daily volume of traffic as the nearby M6 motorway. In 2012 the "northern relief road" opened, around the north-west of Carlisle, which should ease congestion.
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In 1985 the Lincoln Relief Road (A46 Bypass) opened.Lincoln: History and Guide, p.76, Michael J Jones (A Sutton, 1993) Part of this route skirts the Skellingthorpe Moor Plantation, although this is obscured by trees. There is a roundabout connecting Lincoln Road with Skellingthorpe Road, Birchwood.
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There were approximately 50,000 commuters who travelled in such buses. Morris company operated some 32 bus routes in the city. The buses ran on Gandhi Road, and Relief Road from Bhadra in the city area. There were clockwise and anti-clockwise routes running from Shahpur to Shahpur.
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The village is in the historic county of Brecknockshire (Breconshire). It has recently benefited from a new bypass as part of the Talgarth Relief Road and Bronllys Bypass scheme. Despite being a small village it has a swimming pool and small leisure centre, post office and hospital.
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Separate from the project, various bypasses and link roads were constructed to provide access to the local area - the A289 Medway Northern Relief Road. The Medway Tunnel was officially opened by the Princess Royal on 12 June 1996. In 1996, it won an award from the UK's Concrete Society.
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Following the decision by First Minister Mark Drakeford in 2019 to reject the M4 relief road proposal, up to £1.4bn is available through the Welsh Government's borrowing facility for improving infrastructure in and around the south east Wales M4. Reopenings in Newport have as a result been again debated.
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In September 2020 there was widespread discussion about the impact of the United Kingdom Internal Market Bill, put forward to transfer powers previously held by the European Union, which would take effect in 2021 after the Transition Period."Q&A;: Could UK government build an M4 relief road?", BBC Wales, 10 September 2020 Retrieved 10 September 2020 The bill drew the criticism of some, including the Welsh Government, who argued that it would allow the Westminster Government to push forward with the M4 Relief Road despite Welsh Government opposition. The bill would, for the first time since devolution, allow the use of "parliamentary funds to assist with 'promoting economic development' or 'providing infrastructure'" in the devolved nations.
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The idea of restoring the canal was first developed in 1975, as a result of legislation requiring planning authorities to produce county structure plans. The West Midlands structure plan included the concept of the restored canal as a linear park, and included a bypass to avoid the section destroyed by opencast mining. Further threats to the route from the proposed Birmingham Northern Relief Road led to the formation of the Ogley and Hatherton Restoration Society in 1989, after the Inland Waterways Association held a rally at Pelsall to highlight the plight of the canal. The Society later became the Lichfield and Hatherton Canals Restoration Trust, while the relief road became the M6 Toll motorway.
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In Boston, it follows the inner relief road, where it becomes John Adams Way, which crosses the River Witham (where it is tidal) on the £220,000 Haven Bridge, which opened in June 1966. It passes the Esso John Adams Way Service Station on the right, close to two speed cameras in either direction and overshadowed by the floodlights of Boston United. There are traffic lights at a roundabout with the A1137/B1183 (for Horncastle), where the inner-relief road ends near the Red Cow Hotel. Boston Shopping Park is on the left, and the road becomes Spilsby Road where it crosses the Maud Foster Drain at Bargate Bridge near Maud Foster Windmill.
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Her constituency office at The Estates Office on Gold Tops was opened in June. Jones stated in 2019 that she supported the now-cancelled M4 relief road in order to relieve traffic congestion on the M4 motorway.. Jones became a member of the Environmental Audit Select Committee in May 2019.
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The R176 road is a regional road in Ireland, running its full length on the Cooley Peninsula in County Louth. It runs between its junction with R173 at Ghan Road, Carlingford and its junction with R175 at Saint James' Well via Carlingford Relief Road and Mullatee. Its total length is .
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The majority of the remaining closures followed Dr Beeching's Reshaping of British Railways report of 1963. The most recent closure was Tiverton Junction, which was replaced by a new station at Tiverton Parkway on a site closer to Junction 27 of the M5 motorway, where the North Devon Relief Road joins it.
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A remarkable thing about the site was that before the construction of the Weymouth relief road, the underbridge to the south of the platforms carried the same road as the overbridge to the north; the A354 negotiated a hairpin bend to the east of the line on the climb over Ridgeway Hill.
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Not far north of the station is the A30 dual carriageway, which marks much of Ashford's northern border. It follows the old route from London to Devon and Cornwall. The alignment of this road is WSW–ENE. A straight relief road, roughly WNW–ESE, was built by the Hampton and Staines Turnpike Trust.
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The relief road involved widening a part of an existing road Bell Lane, a new by pass was also built and named, "Sir Herbert Austin Way" in recognition of Herbert Austin, 1st Baron Austin who started producing cars at the Longbridge plant and built Austin Village in the Northfield part of Turves Green.
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Frimley railway station provides access to Guildford, Ascot and London Waterloo. Frimley Lodge Park Railway (a tourist attraction) is also nearby. Frimley railway station The town is situated close to the junction of the A325 Farnborough Road and A331 Blackwater Valley Relief Road, which provides a link to the M3 Motorway junction 4.
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Housing was followed by the construction of various commercial units—currently occupied by the Co-operative Supermarket and the country's first self-governing parent- promoted primary school in September 2010. The decision to grant planning permission for Bolnore Village was somewhat controversial, since the Ashenground and Catts Woods on that site formed a Site of Nature Conservation Interest (SNCI). As a condition for planning permission, the developers are required to build a relief road for the town, often referred to as Haywards Heath by-pass, which has re-routed the A272 to the south side of the town. Construction work on the relief road commenced in 2012, with it being completed in August 2014, the previous A272 route through Haywards Heath has been renamed to the B2272.
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Behind the church was a small cemetery. Among those interred there was Mr. Justice Hellen, second Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Ireland, who died in 1793. Also buried here were the family of famous publisher Alexander Thom. The relief road leading to Cork St., built 1980-2000, cut through the old cemetery.
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Road signage on this route reflects this. The route no longer runs through Castlebar town centre in any case, having been bypassed by a relief road. Road signage on the N4 in Dublin was mostly patched to reflect the new destination only in the early 2000s but some signs reading Castlebar still remain elsewhere.
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The result meant that the Conservatives lost their one-seat majority on the council, placing the council under no overall control until the next election. This was the first election ever contested by the Merton Park Ward Residents Association, which had run in opposition to the council's proposed extension of the A24 relief road.
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The N15 runs closer to the coastline in County Sligo, passing through Cliffoney and Grange as it proceeds southwest. The road then passes through the villages of Drumcliff and Rathcormack before entering Sligo. The route ends at the start of the N4, which continues through the town as the Sligo Inner Relief Road dual carriageway.
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1850-2004: Photocopies of newscuttings, graves list and plan for exhumation of bodies. D342/4. "800 bodies had to be exhumed from the graveyard in order to make way for Porth Relief Road". St John's Church, built in 1888-9, is situated on the hillside above the earlier village of Cymmer which was centred around the Cymmer Chapel.
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The decline of the coal mining industry throughout the later part of the twentieth century affected South Wales, the major source of employment was lost and the landscape left daily reminders of what had been. State backed rejuvenation schemes have gone some way to rejuvenate the wider Blackwood area, including the relief road and various light industrial areas.
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Kingsway was constructed in stages, from 1928, and completed in 1930. It was built as relief road to ease congestion on Wilmslow Road to the west. It was named after King George V and was originally numbered A5079. It was one of the earliest purpose-built roads especially for motor vehicles, and built as a dual carriageway.
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The Medway Tunnel is a tunnel under the River Medway linking Strood with Chatham in Kent, England. It forms part of the A289 Medway Towns Northern Relief Road. The Medway Tunnel is the first immersed tube tunnel to be built in England and only the second of this type in the UK, the other at Conwy, North Wales.
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Various attempts at one-way systems in Grantham have been introduced, but traffic delays are still commonplace. Low railway bridges also add to traffic difficulties with lorries becoming stuck under them. Many promises have been made by the local council for a Grantham bypass road. The latest, the Grantham Southern Relief Road, has been in planning since 2007.
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The Conservative Club Pensnett lies in the Brierley Hill DY5 postal district. Due to its proximity to the Merry Hill Shopping Centre, which was built during the 1980s, the roads around Pensnett are nowadays extremely congested. As long ago as the early 1990s, there were plans to build a relief road around Pensnett, but they have yet to come to fruition.
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The project was to build a single carriageway road, with crawler lane along part, linking the A354 Manor Roundabout near Radipole to the A354 at the top of the Ridgeway Hill. The main carriageway of the Weymouth Relief Road opened on Thursday 17 March 2011. The 2012 Olympics at Portland played a major factor in making £89m funding for the road available.
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Wicker remained open as a goods station until 1965 and has now been demolished. The site is currently occupied by a Tesco Extra supermarket, having previously contained car dealerships and was, until 2006 when the Spital Hill / Savile Street corner was remodelled as part of the Sheffield Northern Relief Road, the home of Amanda King's Made In Sheffield sculpture, now removed.
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This project will comprise a new 20km dual carriageway from Westport to the existing N5 near Turlough, bypassing Castlebar, as well as a single carriageway relief road around Westport and the realignment of 2.5km of the N59 road north of the town. An Bórd Pleanala approved the route in May 2014. Contracts were signed in October 2019 for the construction of the project.
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Winsley is distinctly split into the Old Winsley Village and the Tyning Estate. Some public services can be found in the centre of either of these areas. The B3108 road once passed through the old village but a relief road avoiding the narrow roads and double bends was completed in 1997. The Avon forms the western and southern boundaries of the parish.
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From 1939 onwards various schemes were put forward to reduce the amount of traffic passing through the narrow main street of the village, prompted by various accidents over the years (notably a crash in 1969 that killed two villagers and prompted a demonstration). Construction of a relief road through the village began in October 1977 and the road opened in December 1978.
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Porth railway station resides in the town centre with services to Treherbert and Cardiff on the Rhondda Line. Transport for Wales is responsible for the railway service available in Porth. The recent construction of the Porth-Tylorstown bypass (Porth Relief Road) has caused traffic jams and detours. The bypass was opened on 28 December 2006 but landscaping work finished in April 2007.
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It is dual carriageway throughout. The A289 was built in the 1990s as the Medway Towns Northern Relief Road. Constructed in three stages, firstly it bypasses Strood with a dual carriageway from Three Crutches (M2 J1) to the A226 and the A228 (The Wainscott Northern Bypass). It then joins the A228 (as The Wainscott Eastern Bypass) — these two parts are dualled.
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Amid concerns about the increasing budget for the M4 relief road project, in 2014 the IWA commissioned a report into the alternative Blue Route, with the BBC raising concerns that "the Welsh government may have broken European rules by not putting sufficiently distinctive options in its consultation." The proposed road was scrapped entirely by First Minister Mark Drakeford in 2019.
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He had campaigned on returning passenger railway services to the area and for a relief road in Blyth, Northumberland. Blyth's railway station had closed in 1964 as part of the Beeching cuts. He is of Jewish descent. Prior to his election, Levy had worked as a healthcare assistant on an inpatient mental health rehabilitation ward in St Nicholas Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne.
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A spur has been constructed from the northern section of the route to the Tullamore Western Relief Road R443 resulting in the creation of an almost-full orbital route around Tullamore. The N80 now terminates at its junction with the N52. The scheme began construction in April 2008, and it was officially opened in late 2009 by the Taoiseach Brian Cowen.
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Retrieved 2019-09-13.Beccles Southern Relief Road opens after 20-year campaign, BBC News, 2018-09-25. Retrieved 2019-09-13. At the same time the route was re-designated, the route through the town becoming a 'B' road.Smith A (2018) Joy for campaigners as council agrees to take A-road away from town, Beccles and Bungay Journal, 2018-03-05.
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Crossing Trent Bridge, Gainsborough it enters West Lindsey and Lincolnshire. It then goes through Gainsborough, meeting two spurs of Lea Road (A156) and Trinity Street (A159) at a roundabout. There is an exit for Thorndike Way, the A631 Gainsborough Relief Road, which opened in March 1974. Lindsey County Council intended to continue the dual carriageway all the way to the A15 at Caenby Corner.
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The N85 road is a national secondary road in Ireland connecting Ennis and Ennistymon. The route connects to the M18 Ennis bypass and forms part of the Ennis outer ring road as the "N85 Western Relief Road". From Ennis the route continues in a north - west direction and terminates at the junction with the N67 at Ennistymon. It is located entirely in County Clare.
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Following the General Strike in 1926 the colliery was virtually closed and needed just 300 employees to maintain it. The colliery closed in 1954 and nowadays there are no signs of its existence, the last of what did remain being swept away under a road scheme which followed the Rother Valley linking the town's relief road to the M1 via Rother Way to Junction 33.
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On 1 September 2014, a passing loop and second platform were completed and officially opened. The village is accessible by narrowboat along a rural canal. Alvechurch Marina is on the Worcester and Birmingham Canal (built 1789), just across a hedgerow from the station. The A441 road used to pass through the village, but now a relief road by-passes the village, helping to reduce traffic and pollution.
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The development of the Riverside Exchange neighbourhood continues, with planned new developments such as more office space, shops and cafés. There are also schemes for Nursery Street to be pedestrianised. The final northern section of Sheffield's Inner Relief Road, finished in 2008, shifts traffic away from Bridge Street and further increases the neighbourhood's desirability. Another development, the West Bar scheme is to be based in the quarter.
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HGVs travelling north and west benefit from the expected six-minute journey time through the tunnel. A tunnel was chosen as it was decided that a surface relief road was not feasible. Dublin Bus routes 142, 33x and 41x use the tunnel to get to the port area of the city from the northern suburbs. Longer distance buses from Belfast, Derry and Letterkenny also use the route.
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The M23 to Streatham was briefly revived in 1985 by the GLC after the government had announced plans to spend £1.5 billion on trunk roads in London. In December 2006, the Coulsdon Relief Road was opened by the Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone. It was one of the few road proposals approved by the anti-car Livingstone, and included a dedicated lane for buses and cycles.
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"Welsh Government slams Westminster Newport Relief Road power grab", South Wales Argus, 10 September 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2020 However the BBC reported that while the bill would enable the Government to "finance" such projects, it would not resolve the issue of obtaining planning permission and other hurdles to constructing the road, many of which remain devolved to Welsh Government and the Welsh Local Authorities.
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Excavations led by the Swedish archaeologist Göran Burenhult were conducted over two seasonal campaigns, 1977–1982 and 1994–1998. Ten tombs were fully or partially excavated. Listoghil was excavated in 1996-8. Excavations conducted by the National Roads Authority for the Inner Relief Road route in Maugheraboy near Sligo – three kilometres from Carrowmore – have shown that a causewayed enclosure existed at the same time as Carrowmore.
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The station has been demolished and the course of the line to the west is largely taken up by the A331 "Blackwater Valley Relief Road" which links the A31 Hogs Back Road with the M3 motorway. A footpath passes to the west of the station. The road bridge which crossed the former railway line was demolished in 1994.Harding, P.A., op. cit. p. 29.
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The B3157 road runs west from Weymouth to the south of Bridport where it terminates and connects to the A35. Weymouth is approximately 52 miles (83 km) south east of the M5 motorway at junction 25 for Taunton. (In the 1980s the town centre was bypassed by the A354 to Portland, but the government's road building policy changed before a proposed relief road could be completed.
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However, on 3 July 1942, a stray bomb intended for Manchester was dropped on a row of terraced houses in Watery Hey. Six people died. Before the building of the relief road, this lorry narrowly missed the parish church during an accident in 1974. As late as 1937, the book The King's England: Derbyshire stated that Hayfield "is busy making paper and printing calico".
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Both the LNER Cross Gates to Wetherby line and the Harrogate to Church Fenton line closed in 1965 under the Beeching Axe. Once the railway had been closed, the council deliberated over whether to convert the disused line into a central relief road, however such plans never came to fruition. The line has since being converted into the Harland Way, cycle track, linking Wetherby with Spofforth.
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A scheme has been proposed since 2015 to improve the A350 West Ashton/Yarnbrook junction to ease traffic flows at a noted bottleneck. This will involve the construction of a new relief road to replace the section north of the junction. Three new roundabouts are also proposed, to connect with the A363 Westbury Road, a link to Yarnbrook village and one at the existing West Ashton Road.
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The A2 leaves the main route (which bypasses Medway by either the Northern Relief Road — The A289 or the M2) at the Three Crutches junction. The road descends through Strood towards the river. During the descent, the road to Gravesend, the A226 joins. In Strood the High Street is bypassed by the one-way system to the north and south encircling the High Street.
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In 2014, the local council released plans to complete the Rutherglen bypass road (see above) along the north side of Fernhill to better link Glasgow to East Kilbride and alleviate pressure on traffic along other routes including Fernhill Road. However the 'Cathkin Relief Road' project faced considerable local opposition as the undeveloped land earmarked for the road had been used as an informal park by locals for many years, and it was also felt this new road could isolate Fernhill from the other nearby communities. Ultimately these concerns were disregarded and the project was approved in late 2015; work began on the site in 2016 and was completed in 2017,Cathkin Relief Road, idverde UK however the company responsible for its maintenance collapsed soon afterwards. Two years later, a legal action for compensation was submitted by nearby residents due to noise and air pollution.
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"Infrastructure" Railway Digest June 1993 page 246 The station has a full length island platform; however, the eastern end has been fenced off to a shorter two carriage train length. Until 1987, the Richmond Vale's exchange sidings were located opposite Hexham station. In November 2014, the Australian Rail Track Corporation completed a project that saw the westbound coal road relocated further south to make way for five 1,800 metre passing loops." Hunter Valley Coal Chain - Rail developments at Hexham, NSW" Railway Digest January 2013 page 36Reducing coal train congestion at Newcastle Port Australian Rail Track Corporation 25 October 2013"Construction begins on Hexham Relief Road Project" Railway Digest December 2013 page 12Hexham Relief Roads Project Construction Environmental Management Plan Upper Hunter Valley Alliance"ARTC undertakes Hexham Relief Road works and Gunnedah Yard remodelling" Railway Digest January 2015 page 12 South of the coal road, Aurizon have a locomotive depot.
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The A538 runs east–west serving the local towns of Altrincham and Wilmslow. Proposed as part of the SEMMMS (South East Manchester Multi-Modal Strategy) Relief Road Scheme, a new link road to the A6 south of Stockport opened in 2018. Planning permission had been granted, with inquiries for Compulsory Purchase and Side Roads Orders following up in September 2014. After significant delays, the link road opened on 15 October 2018.
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The route leaves the R147 near Black Bull in the townland of Piercetown, roughly north of Clonee in County Meath. The route passes through small settlements and townlands, including Kiltale, on the way to Trim. At Trim, the route bypasses the town centre along the Inner Relief Road, with junctions to the R160, R158 and R161. From Trim the R154 runs north to meet the N51 at Athboy.
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The sculpture "Out of Order" One of the more unusual sights in Kingston is Out of Order by David Mach, a sculpture in the form of twelve disused red telephone boxes that have been tipped up to lean against one another in an arrangement resembling dominoes. The work was commissioned in 1988 as part of the landscaping for the new Relief Road, and was described by its creator as "anti-minimalist".
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The N5 continues west towards Castlebar, where it bypasses the town on the southeastern side. West/southwest of Castlebar, the road enters Westport along Castlebar Street, Bridge Street and Shop Street (the N5 also runs via James Street and North Mall). At The Octagon in Westport town centre, the N5 meets the N59. The N5 is County Mayo's busiest road with traffic counts of almost 18,000 on the Castlebar relief road.
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It passes through Whiston and meets the B5417 (for Oakamoor). It meets the A523 (for Leek) and passes through Swinscoe, then briefly enters East Staffordshire. The road enters Derbyshire and the Derbyshire Dales district where it crosses the River Dove over the Hanging Bridge near the junction with the B5032 at Mayfield close to the Queens Arms Hotel. The £3 million Ashbourne Relief Road opened in October 1994.
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Castlebar is served by the N5 national primary road and the N60 and N84 national secondary roads. In 1990 a relief road was built around Castlebar, removing through traffic on the N5 from the main street. This road is a basic two-lane road. It suffers from chronic congestion, particularly in the summer months when thousands of tourists have to negotiate the bottleneck en route to neighbouring Westport and Achill Island.
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The road then continues along the "Western Relief Road" along the western edge of the town. It has roundabout junctions with the R420 Clara Road (former N80) and the R421 Arden Road (former N52) in addition to other roundabouts for industrial, retail and residential estates. The road terminates at a roundabout with the N52 Tullamore bypass on the northern side of the town. The total length of the road is 8.2km.
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Knocknarea mountain, capped by the great cairn of Miosgan Maeve, dominates the skyline to the west of the town. Cairns Hill on the southern edge of the town also has two very large stone cairns. Excavations for the NRA for the N4 Sligo Inner Relief Road in 2002 revealed an early Neolithic causewayed enclosure (c. 4000 B.C.) at Maugheraboy on high ground overlooking the town from the south.
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After many years of industrial decline in the Lower Swansea valley, the South Dock of the Swansea Docks complex finally closed in 1969 leaving the area as an industrial wasteland. It was sold to the council for a nominal sum. Initially, a new relief road was proposed to take traffic away from the Oystermouth road. However, there was a government reorganisation in 1974 which decided on a new planning strategy.
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In 2011, Stratford-upon-Avon had a population of 27,445 which was an increase from 25,505 in 2007. The town's population is set to increase over the next few years following government approval to build 800 new homes in Shottery, which also includes plans for a new relief road, up to 500 new homes planned in the Bishopton area of the town, and 270 homes on the Loxley Road.
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The A12 terminates in the town as do the A143 and the A47 roads. The relief road was built along the path of the old railway to carry the A12 onwards to Lowestoft and London. Roundabouts, junctions and bridges often become gridlocked at rush hour. In 2017, the A12 between the town and Lowestoft was renumbered as the A47 by Highways England, as part of a wider road-improvement scheme.
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Prior to the opening of the Beccles Southern Relief road in October 2018, the road started on the northern edge Beccles at a roundabout junction with the A146. It passed through the town, splitting to form a one-way system before passing through an industrial area on the southern edge of the town.Landranger Sheet 134 - Norwich & the Broads, Ordnance Survey 1:50 000 sheet (2012 edition), 2012-11-28.
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It runs roughly east–west from its junction with the M8 motorway, bypassing Mitchelstown to the north via the Mitchelstown relief road, which opened in July 2006. The route then travels through Kildorrery, a small village and then on towards Mallow merging with the N72. There are no major improvements proposed for this route in the foreseeable future and only minor improvements have been made to date. The route is entirely in County Cork.
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Clay Cross town centre is currently undergoing a £22m redevelopment which has so far included a new supermarket, new bus station and new relief road. The second phase of this is due to start which will see a new parade of shops plus a new medical centre. Eventually the site of the former junior and infant schools which is located in the town centre will be redeveloped. M1 motorway junction 29 is five miles away.
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The gardens of the houses on the west side of the close meet the boundary of the old line. East Grinstead, where Beeching lived, was formerly served by a railway line from Tunbridge Wells (West) to Three Bridges, most of which was closed. To the east of the current East Grinstead station, the line passed through a deep cutting. This cutting currently forms part of the A22 relief road through East Grinstead.
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On the southern relief road, it passes The Gainsborough Academy (former Trent Valley Academy) to the south, and there is a right turn at traffic lights for Heapham Road. Corringham Road (B1433), the former route, is to the left, and nearby is the Road Safety Markings Association. 61 and 144, both flying Hampdens with 5 Group At Woodhouse Farm it resumes its former route. As Corringham Road it enters Corringham, passing the Beckett Arms.
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The site of the high level station is now a car park whose perimeter is marked out with old rails. Beyond the car park to the east, the former railway embankment has been removed to make way for the Inner Relief Road (A22 Beeching Way) which was opened in 1978. In July 1979, much of the trackbed from Three Bridges to East Grinstead became a footpath and cycleway known as the Worth Way.
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On 3 April 2008 BAE Systems announced it would be losing 450 jobs from the Brough site. On 1 March 2012 BAE Systems announced it would be ending manufacturing at its site in Brough with 845 employees to be made redundant. There are now proposals to build over much of the airfield - including the runway. As of 2020, construction on the runway has started with phase two of the Brough South development (Brough Relief Road).
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Muscat Expressway (formerly known as the Southern Expressway) is a major highway in Muscat, the capital of Oman, hence the name. The expressway runs largely parallel to Sultan Qaboos Street but further away from the coast and acts as a relief road. It is 54km long. The Batinah Expressway is a 256km 8-lane highway that continues from the Muscat Expressway in Halban to the United Arab Emirates border at Khatmat Malaha.
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On the other side of the intersection the A4 follows Pell Street and continues westward. Here it crosses the River Kennet, the Holy Brook and the A33 relief road, which goes towards Basingstoke. In West Reading, the A4 becomes Berkeley Avenue, and then continues onto another Castle Hill and then the Bath Road. It passes Prospect Park, and the suburbs of Southcote, Horncastle and Calcot, before reaching Junction 12 of the M4.
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Already a new Birmingham North Relief Road was under discussion. Although the debate seemed interminable, when it finally arrived in the form of the M6 Toll motorway, construction was swift, with a start made in 2000 and the road in use by the end of 2003. After decades of stagnation the population of Brewood parish began to rise a little in the 1920s. After the War, the rise became rapid, and in the 1950s headlong.
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However some commuters oppose this plan since it would add more time to their journey. A new dual carriageway relief road, the Port Talbot Peripheral Distribution Road (PDR), was completed in 2013. It serves as a distributor road through Port Talbot to the southwest of the M4, beginning at M4 Junction 38 and ending near Junction 41. The Port Talbot Docks complex consist of an inner set of floating docks and an outer tidal basin.
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From the main road to Gillingham (Canterbury Street), the A2 is dual carriageway. Here the Northern Relief Road (A289) rejoins at the Will Adams roundabout. This is swiftly followed by the Bowater roundabout where the A278 Hoath Way leads to the M2 to the South, this is so named and distinctive because of the former paper mill Bowaters at this location that left a giant water tower. A large Tesco supermarket currently inhabits the site.
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The subsequent development, known as Falmer Stadium, was officially opened in July 2011. The Weymouth Relief Road in Dorset was constructed between 2008 and 2011, after environmental groups lost a High Court challenge to prevent its construction. Writing in 2006, Professor Adrian Phillips listed threats facing AONBs. He wrote that the apparent big threats were uncertainty over future support for land management, increasing development pressures, the impacts of globalization, and climate change.
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On 5 April 2007, Dorset County Council granted planning permission for a relief road scheme to alleviate congestion between Weymouth and Dorchester, which includes a single carriageway running north of Weymouth, and a 1000-space park-and-ride scheme, costing £84.5 million. Work on the road commenced in 2008, and as anticipated it was completed in three years, in time for the 2012 Olympic sailing events. The academy also hosted the Moth World Championships in 2008.
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Between 1849 and 1856, the Taff Vale Railway opened the Maerdy Branch from , including a station at . Passenger services were withdrawn from Pontygwaith Halt in 1914 but passenger services continued along the line until 1964. The line closed completely after the last train in August 1986 after coal from Mardy Colliery was raised through Tower Colliery. Since 2005, the southern section from Porth to Pontygwaith is now the A4223 Porth and Lower Rhondda Fach Relief Road (Porth Bypass).
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Clonmel is home to one third-level college, LIT. The Clonmel Campus of LIT offers courses in Business, Creative Multimedia, Digital Animation Production and Marketing with Languages. The Creative Multimedia & Digital Animation Production degrees are operated under the LIT Limerick School of Art and Design. The LIT Clonmel campus is located along the Clonmel Inner Relief Road, but it is proposed that it will move to a new location within the town centre in the future.
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Cawston is now connected to the rest of the town via Bilton. In conjunction with this the 3.7-mile Rugby Western Relief Road connecting Cawston with Newbold-on-Avon via New Bilton was completed in 2010.A 2010 BBC article about the opening of the road As of 2018 a second wave of development in the area was well underway. The second major area of development was to the east of the town between Hillmorton and Crick.
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The motorway is in length and is subject to a toll. The A14 serves no localities between La Défense and Orgeval and is only a relief road of the A13. A motorway exit near Saint-Germain-en-Laye was planned but was denied by the French president, François Mitterrand, after mayors wanted to prevent excessive car use in the Forest of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. Other exits were planned but their construction is blocked by communal councils.
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Road protest, Bilston Glen, Scotland Other active protests include the ones against the following schemes: The South Bristol Link Road, Weymouth Relief Road, Bilston Glen, M6 widening, Bexhill to Hastings Link Road, Heysham to M6 Link, Kingskerswell Bypass, M1 Widening, Aberdeen Bypass, and the Westbury Bypass. In Ireland there is a protest opposed to bypassing the town of Slane with a new N2 dual carriageway which will pass a few kilometres from the Newgrange ancient monument.
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Governor Keating set out with an agenda for the state under his administration, with many of his initiatives passed, despite an often hostile Democratic controlled Legislature. Many of Keating's proposals were policies designed for growth and reform for Oklahoma. These included education reform, environmental protection, tax relief, road building, economic development, public safety, and tougher law enforcement. Keating created a public-private partnership to assure care for the indigent as well as a stronger medical education program.
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The main roads to Sligo are the N4 to Dublin, the N17 to Galway, the N15 to Lifford, County Donegal; and the N16 to Blacklion, County Cavan. The section of the N4 road between Sligo and Collooney is a dual carriageway. The first phase of this road was completed in January 1998, bypassing the towns of Collooney and Ballysadare. An extension to this road was completed in September 2005, and is known as the Sligo Inner Relief Road.
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Tipton railway station is located in the town of Tipton in the borough of Sandwell, West Midlands, England and was known as Tipton Owen Street until 1968. It is situated on the West Coast Main Line. The station is operated by West Midlands Railway, which also provides all services. At the southern end of the station, there was a level crossing, though this was closed in January 2010 on the opening of a relief road which undercuts the railway.
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Olympic and Paralympic route network , TfL Concerns have been expressed at the logistics of spectators travelling to the events outside London. In particular, the sailing events at Portland are in an area without direct motorway connections, and with local roads that are heavily congested by tourist traffic in the summer. However, the Weymouth area did undergo a major upgrade to its road infrastructure. A£77 million relief road connecting Weymouth to Dorchester was built and opened in 2011.
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The IDR is linked with the M4 by the A33 relief road. National Express Coaches run out of Mereoak Park and Ride, at Junction 11 of the M4. The Thames is crossed by both Reading and Caversham road bridges, while several road bridges cross the Kennet, the oldest surviving one of which is High Bridge. Reading station in August 2014 Reading is a major junction point of the National Rail system, and hence Reading station is an important transfer point and terminus.
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The earliest section of the A555 was completed in 1995, part of an abandoned scheme to connect Stockport, Hazel Grove and Poynton to Manchester Airport. It was intended as a relief road to ease congestion. The original plan, which dated from the 1940s, was to build a bypass connecting Bredbury and Hazel Grove, and from Hazel Grove to Woodford, bypassing Poynton. The road would then run from Woodford to Handforth, as it does now, and then on to the airport.
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Terrel's Heath was given to Thurrock Council by the Baker family of Orsett Hall and is now a public open space. It was considerably reduced in size by the construction of the Dock Relief Road which connects the Port of Tilbury with the A13. This road now separates Terrel's Heath from the larger Orsett Heath. Before the road and before the nearby housing estates were there Terrel's Heath would have been part of a large swathe of heathland interspaced with woodland.
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At the last election, the Conservatives had gained a majority of one seat. In October 1989, they lost a by-election in Merton Park to Bridget Smith of the Merton Park Ward Residents Association, which had contested the by-election in opposition to the proposed extension of the A24 relief road. This by-election result hung the council, but the Conservatives continued to govern Merton as a minority administration. This was the first whole council election which was contested by the MPWRA.
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The bridge over the London Road was demolished in 1978 with the construction of the Inner Relief Road. The CO⪚ opened for traffic on 10 March 1884 with a service of four trains each way between and via , plus four South Eastern services each way between London Bridge and Oxted. The new line to London was shorter than the route via Three Bridges but some passengers continued to use the old line for the fast services from Three Bridges.
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The N71 also connects Kenmare to Killarney on a mountainous and scenic part of the Ring of Kerry route via Moll's Gap and Ladies View. Alternatively one can reach Killarney via the slightly longer but more comfortable route through Kilgarvan. Kenmare also lies on the N71 national secondary road south-Cork route to Glengarriff. In November 2014, the Eastern Relief Road was opened, allowing drivers from the R569 Kilgarvan Road to bypass the town centre when accessing the supermarkets and schools.
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The balloon rose to a height of around 3,600 feet and landed six miles away near the village of Wood Eaton near Islip to the north-east of Oxford. A plaque notes the event. The Meadow was also the location where the medieval royal pretender, John Deydras, claimed to have been persuaded by the devil to impersonate Edward II in 1318. Postwar development planned for central Oxford included a relief road passing through the meadow and joining the district of St Ebbe's.
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"Dundrum Town Centre" was originally a local government term, defined by Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council, before the shopping centre was built. It was described as "the area between the Luas line, the Dundrum Relief Road, the Taney Road / Upper Churchtown Road junction, and the Wyckham By-Pass Route. It is mainly zoned for "town centre" uses, but with some parts zoned residential." The shopping centre was built under the provisions of the Urban Structure Plan for the Dundrum Town Centre zone.
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Proposals for a new publicly funded motorway were circulated in 1980. It was originally to be called the A446(M) Birmingham Northern Relief Road (BNRR) and designed to alleviate the increasing congestion on the M6 through Birmingham and the Black Country in England. This was the busiest section of the M6, carrying up to 180,000 vehicles per day when it was designed to carry only 72,000. Five alternative routes were put for consultation in 1980 and a preferred route was published in 1986.
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The name "Bache" comes from a large tidal lagoon that was once linked to the River Dee at Blacon. The area, which now lies under Liverpool Road and a supermarket car park, was slowly reclaimed and raised when the course of the river was diverted in the 1730s. The Chester Canal also cut off the watercourse in the 1780s. Its course can be traced from Bache brook which is now partially covered by the Deva Link, a highways relief road.
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Following a consultation a potential new station with Park and Ride facilities at Westerhill, (West end of the old Cadder Yard) has been identified. In April 2015, the proposed Local Development Plan for Bishopbriggs and Torrance included a proposal for a new station at Westerhill, west of Bishopbriggs station, attached to the new Bishopbriggs Relief Road. In February 2017, the published Local Development Plan for Kirkintilloch and Twechar included a marker for a potential railway station in the same location.
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Between 1849 and 1856, the Taff Vale Railway opened the Maerdy Branch from , including a station at . Passenger services were withdrawn in 1964, and the line closed completely in August 1986 after coal from Mardy Colliery was raised through Tower Colliery. In 2005, RCT council constructed the A4223 Porth and Lower Rhondda Fach Relief Road (Porth Bypass) follows the old railway line through Ynyshir, past Wattstown and on to Pontygwaith. The northern section forms a branch to the Taff Trail cycleway.
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The A57 is a major road in England. It runs east from Liverpool to Lincoln via Warrington, Cadishead, Irlam, Patricroft, Eccles, Salford and Manchester, then through the Pennines over the Snake Pass (between the high moorlands of Bleaklow and Kinder Scout), around the Ladybower Reservoir, through Sheffield and past Worksop. Within Manchester a short stretch becomes the Mancunian Way. The £4 million Aston relief road in Sheffield opened in mid-1985, with the old route now designated as the B6200.
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It crosses the River Rother, entering the borough of Rotherham, and meets a roundabout. View towards Aston It crosses the Sheffield to Lincoln Line and at the roundabout at Swallownest with the former route (B6200) turns right onto Aston Way. At Aston, it meets the A618 from the left, then the A618 leaves to the right at the next roundabout. The Aston Relief Road ends where it meets the M1 at junction 31, just after the junction for the former route (B6067).
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Reading were champions of Division Two in 1994, and were promoted to Division One. Reading became subject to the Taylor requirements, though converting Elm Park to an all-seater stadium would have been impractical. Instead, a location in Smallmead (to the south of the town) was identified as the site for a new stadium. The former council landfill site was bought for £1, with further conditions that the development of the stadium would include part-funding of the A33 relief road.
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The Inner Relief Road was first proposed in 1978 as a means of providing access to brewery traffic to the brewery itself, which has since closed. Kilkenny city is currently surrounded by two thirds of a ring-road and the completion of this ring-road is seen by some as a greater priority for alleviating Kilkenny's traffic problems as they stand. Kilkenny County Council remained resolved that progress in the CAS project should continue ahead of completion to the outer ring road.
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Tolls or congestion charges are used for some major bridges and tunnels, for example the Dartford Crossing has a congestion charge. The M6 Toll, originally the Birmingham Northern Relief Road, is designed to relieve the M6 through Birmingham, which is one of the most heavily used roads in the country. There were two public toll roads (Roydon Road in Stanstead Abbots and College Road in Dulwich) and about five private toll roads. Since 2006, congestion charging has been in operation in London and in Durham.
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Heading west on the N24 Clonmel Relief Road The N24 road is a national primary road in Ireland forming a route from Limerick to Waterford, running through County Tipperary and passing Tipperary Town, Cahir, Carrick-on-Suir and Clonmel. The route begins at its junction with the Limerick Southern M7 ring road (Junction 29). Pallasgreen and Oola are two small villages through which the route passes before reaching Tipperary. Before the town the road passes by Limerick Junction, a major railway intersection for the region.
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Edenbridge is twinned with Mont-Saint-Aignan in France. The inner relief road that was built in the early 2000s to relieve traffic pressure on the old, narrow High Street is named Mont St Aignan Way. There are now no banks in the town, (just a mobile bank at the small Thursday market) a post office next to St Lawrence's RC church and a number of major retail chains. Despite being a relatively small town, Edenbridge still has its own hospital - The Edenbridge War Memorial Hospital.
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US 20 then passes through LaGrange and Angola, intersecting with I-69 before leaving Indiana just north of the eastern terminus of the Indiana Toll Road. From Gary to South Bend, US 20 was built as the Dunes Relief Road. During the 1930s and 1940s the Dunes Highway, US 12, was becoming more crowded as housing lots and communities developed in the Indiana Dunes. Today, there are numerous communities along US 20 and the lakefront, including Gary, Portage, Burns Harbor, Porter, Chesterton, Pines, and Michigan City.
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Retrieved 2010-08-02. The official description of the R323 from the Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2006 reads: :R323 Kiltimagh - Knock - Ballyhaunis, County Mayo :Between its junction with R320 at Main Street Kiltimagh and its junction with N60 at Hazelhill in the town of Ballyhaunis via Thomas Street at Kiltimagh; Roosky, Cloonlee, Knock, Greenwood, Tooraree; and Relief Road in the town of Ballyhaunis all in the county of Mayo. The road in southeast County Mayo is long (map of the road).
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The Road Haulage Association said that an additional toll was "almost rubbing salt into the wound". On 15 July 2009, the Deputy First Minister Ieuan Wyn Jones announced that the plans for the M4 relief were to be dropped and replaced by a package of measures to improve the flow of traffic. In November 2009, Dr. Anthony Beresford of the Business School at Cardiff University called for the decision to cancel the road to be overturned.'Don't scrap M4 relief road' call, BBC News, 24 November 2009.
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Bridge Street Horncastle sits at the crossroads of two of Lincolnshire's major roads: the east-west A158, joining the county town of Lincoln with the resort of Skegness on the Lincolnshire coast, and the north- south A153 joining Louth with Sleaford and Grantham in the south. These meet at the Bull Ring in central Horncastle. The A158 through Horncastle becomes busy in the summer holidays with Skegness holidaymakers. To alleviate traffic pressure in the town centre a relief road, Jubilee Way, was built in the 1970s.
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Aldermaston railway station, looking to the west Aldermaston railway station is in Aldermaston Wharf, from the village itself. The station is managed by National Rail and served by Great Western Railway services between and . The village is on the A340 road, and has nearby access to the A4 road and the M4 motorway. A West Berkshire Council-run bus service, route 44, serves the village and provides a connection with Thatcham and Calcot The 2005 Parish Plan identified a need for a relief road near the village.
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By way of Bundesautobahn 94 from Munich to Passau, completed through to the Forstinning interchange in 1990, drivers can reach the expressway junction München-Ost (Munich-East, to Salzburg, Nuremberg and Stuttgart) and Munich city limits in the east. Coming from the east, the interchange for Markt Schwaben is the one at Forstinning, and coming from the west it is Anzing. With the completion of the Flughafentangente Ost, a relief road which is to connect the Autobahn with Munich Airport, some relief from through traffic was achieved.
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The line to remained inoperable for some time. In the 1960s, the original 1846 terminus building fronting the public street (Friars Walk), was demolished.plate 48, Brighton to Eastbourne by Vic Mitchell & Keith Smith, Middleton Press, 1985, maps opposite plate 50, Brighton to Eastbourne by Vic Mitchell & Keith Smith, Middleton Press, 1985, London, Brighton & South Coast Railway Album, Klaus Marx, Ian Allan, 1982, The line to Uckfield closed on 23 February 1969, in order that a relief road in Lewes could be built over the redundant trackbed.
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The station in 2004 before renovation This is the fourth station to be built, within the town centre, on the line from . The first, a single platform terminus was built on what became the coal yard by the South Yorkshire Railway (SYR). Today this approximates to the land off Brinsworth Street below the bridge which carries the Inner Relief Road over the railway. The SYR could not gain permission to pass below the already built line of the Sheffield and Rotherham Railway, opened in 1838.
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The A5127 is a major road in England which runs between Birmingham and Lichfield, Staffordshire. For much of the route the road follows the old route of the A38 which has since been moved in order to by-pass places such as Erdington and Sutton Coldfield and form a relief road from Birmingham city centre to Spaghetti Junction. The part from the county boundary, through Shenstone to Lichfield was one of the roads of the Lichfield Turnpike Trust, established in 1729.Local Act, 2 Geo.
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The A602 is a road linking Hitchin in Hertfordshire, England, with A10 at Ware in Hertfordshire, via Stevenage. The course of the road has changed significantly since the 1960s with the construction of several bypasses and relief roads. In Hitchin, the road starts at a junction with the A505, and follows a relief road round the south of the town centre, before re-joining the course of the original route for . The village of Little Wymondley is bypassed by a dual carriageway route to the A1 junction at Corey's Mill.
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Monmouthshire County Council has agreed to take forward work on a business case. In November 2016, Monmouthshire council made an application to the Department of Transport for £5.2 million towards the opening the station but was not successful. The total cost was expected to be £7 million with the Welsh Government providing the remaining funds. In June 2019, Residents of Magor submitted a business case to the Welsh Government to reopen the station as part of the South Wales Metro scheme following the cancellation of the M4 relief road.
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Zwingenberg railway station Zwingenberg is linked to the A 5 (Frankfurt-Basel) by interchange 29, and Zwingenberg is also signposted on the A 67 at the Gernsheim interchange (8). Frankfurt Airport is 45 km away, and the riverport at Gernsheim on the Rhine is 12 km away. Parallel to the Odenwald runs the Bergstraße (federal highway B 3), which in Zwingenberg splits into the “New” and “Old” Bergstraße, which come back together again near Darmstadt-Eberstadt. The relief road originally planned for the B 3, called the Berliner Ring, is open in parts.
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Today much of the route of the line through the city is now a relief road and although the former station still stands, it is now surrounded by a new housing development. The issue remains a significant one in local politics and there are movements wanting to restore the line. Reports suggest the reopening of a line between Ripon and Harrogate railway station would be economically viable, costing £40 million and could initially attract 1,200 passengers a day, rising to 2,700. Campaigners call on MPs to restore Ripon railway link.
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Both stations were closed and replaced by the current station which was opened by British Rail on 17 March 1985 when a new section of the A2, the Rochester Way Relief Road, was opened. A bus station that was built on a raft above the A2 was opened at the same time. The platforms and buildings of the abandoned Eltham Park station still exist, but there is no trace of Eltham Well Hall station, the site of which is west of Well Hall Road where the A2 road passes under the railway.
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However, the chosen site was shifted to the south-west of the town, and the proposed by-pass was lost. A large volume of traffic is generated within the town, with the result that the A15 between Bourne and Peterborough is one of the busiest roads in the county, Peterborough is the closest city to Bourne at 16.1 miles. To the west of the town, the A6121 branches from the A151 and takes traffic towards Stamford. When the relief road opened, the section of the A151 in the town centre was renumbered.
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The R445 continues as the Dublin Road, Clare Street and Lock Quay before crossing the Abbey Bridge across the Abbey River. The R445 passes through King's Island as the Northern Relief Road and Castle Street (passing by King John's Castle). The route crosses the River Shannon via Thomond Bridge and follows High Street, Sexton Street and the Northern Ring Road (past LIT). At Caherdavin Cross (Ivan's Cross) the route follows the Ennis Road west out of the city to meet the N18 in County Clare at the Coonagh Roundabout.
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The A4058 runs through the Rhondda Fawr and the A4233 services the Rhondda Fach. The A4058 starts at Pontypridd runs through Porth before ending at Treorchy, where it joins the A4061 to Hirwaun. The A4233 begins outside Rhondda at Tonyrefail, heading north through Porth and through the Rhondda Fach to Maerdy, where the road links up with the A4059 at Aberdare. Two other A roads service the area; the A4119 is a relief road known as the Tonypandy Bypass; the other is the A4061, which links Treorchy to the Ogmore Vale before reaching Bridgend.
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The Wallington M23 Action Group campaigned for the motorway to be formally cancelled, as the inability to develop land along the line of the proposed M23 had led to planning blight in the area. In 1978, the M23 north of Hooley was cancelled, to be replaced by an all-purpose relief road replacing the A23. Some residents complained, saying the motorway should still be built, and that its terminus at Hooley caused a build up of traffic there, and contributed to congestion on other roads. These proposals were cancelled in May 1980.
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Cobbins Brook, a tributary of the River Lea, crosses the parish from east to west. Waltham Abbey parish includes in its 41 km² the villages and hamlets of High Beach, Holyfield, Sewardstone and Upshire. The M25 motorway runs to the south of the town through the middle of the parish and can be accessed east of the town at Junction 26 via Honey Lane or the rural relief road, the A121 directly south of the motorway. The town has neighbourhoods of Ninefields, Roundhills, Marriot and the Meridian Park.
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Kingsway was constructed in stages, from 1928, and completed in 1930. It was named after King George V and was originally numbered A5079. Kingsway was built as a relief road for the congested Wilmslow Road to the west and it was one of the earliest purpose-built roads especially for motor vehicles. Like Princess Road further to the west, Kingsway was designed as a dual carriageway along the "Brodie System", a new civil engineering technique that had been pioneered by John Alexander Brodie in Liverpool, in which the central reservation incorporated reserved track for trams.
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To the north is Christ Church, one of the Oxford colleges, with a view of Tom Tower above its main entrance, also on St Aldate's. There is an inscription in the paving of the path through the garden with a quotation from John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress. Post Second World War development planned for central Oxford included a relief road passing through the northern edge of Christ Church Meadow along the route of Broad Walk and joining the district of St Ebbe's, via the location of the garden. The proposal was defeated after vigorous opposition.
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There are good rural views to the east across Christ Church Meadow, even though Poplar Walk is quite centrally located in Oxford. Poplar Walk was laid out in 1872 and lined with poplar trees by Henry Liddell, Dean of Christ Church and the father of Alice Liddell of Alice in Wonderland fame. Postwar development planned for central Oxford included a relief road passing through the northern part of Christ Church Meadow and joining the district of St Ebbe's. It would have cut off the northern end of Poplar Walk.
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Motorists travelling from Quinton still had to negotiate the original route that was little better than it had been in the days before cars. This problem was solved in 2006 with a new relief road that circles the eastern half of the town centre and diverts traffic coming from Halesowen, Quinton and Oldbury. Blackheath has some of the strongest public transport links in the Black Country. It has direct bus and rail links with Birmingham, while the extensive bus network gives locals a direct route to Oldbury, Halesowen, Dudley, Cradley Heath, West Bromwich and Walsall.
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In 1965 the Ministry of Transport asked Halcrow to report on a route selected by the County Surveyor of Cheshire and this led, in stages, to the development of the design to partial urban and partial rural motorway standards. There was a public inquiry in 1967 The first section to be opened was the 'M67 Hyde Bypass' which was constructed between 1975 and 1978. M67 Denton Relief Road to the west was constructed between 1978 and 1981. These schemes are connected by a viaduct over the River Tame and Peak Forest Canal.
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The N80 crosses the N78 at a staggered junction The Tullamore bypassN52 Tullamore Bypass Scheme – www.nra.ie is a new single carriageway upgrade to the N52. The route leaves the existing N52 approximately southwest of Tullamore town, intersecting with the N80 road SE of the town, crossing over the Grand Canal, before rejoining the N52 again north of the town. A spur designated part of the R443 was constructed from the northern section of the route to the Tullamore Western Relief Road forming a near complete orbital route around Tullamore.
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Plans for another housing estate alongside the River Nar were opposed by local people and halted by the economic situation. There is also a business park, parkland, a school, shops and a new relief road in a £300 million plus scheme. In 2006, King's Lynn became the United Kingdom's first member of The Hanse (Die Hanse), a network of towns and cities across Europe which historically belonged to the Hanseatic League. The league was an influential medieval trading association of merchant towns around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, which contributed to Lynn's development.
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The town is near the M6, the M42 and M69 motorways and the main A5 trunk road (Watling Street), which also acts as a border with Leicestershire and the neighbouring town of Hinckley. The A444 provides a high-speed dual-carriageway route into the town from the south and also acts as the often busy town centre ring road. The A47 links the town with neighbouring Hinckley and onwards to Leicester, and the A4254 – Eastern Relief Road – provides direct access from the east of Nuneaton to the south, avoiding the town centre.
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It continues eastward, cutting through a southern section of Epping Forest and meeting the Woodford New Road at Waterworks Corner, before an elevated junction with the M11 motorway and Southend Road heading to Gants Hill. The South Woodford to Barking Relief Road (the section between the M11 and A13) opened in 1987. Previously, the A406 extended along Southend Road and Woodford Avenue as far east as Gants Hill. The current route of the North Circular Road turns south, passing Eastern Avenue (A12) on a flyover at the Redbridge roundabout.
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The land around the site has been safeguarded by Newport City Council for "the Welsh Governments proposed Coedkernew Rail Station and strategic park-and-ride currently under consideration" but has in recent years been neglected in favour of station reopenings in the Cardiff area. However following the decision by First Minister Mark Drakeford in 2019 to reject the M4 relief road proposal, up to £1.4bn is available through the Welsh Government's borrowing facility for improving infrastructure in and around the south east Wales M4. Reopenings in Newport have as a result been again debated.
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This period also witnessed the demolition of Merton Board Mills, which was replaced by the Sainsbury's Savacentre. Merton Abbey station and railway line were also removed at this time and the line was replaced by the Merton relief road, Merantun Way. Liberty Print Works were eventually refurbished and converted into the Merton Abbey Mills craft village. In recent years, the remainder of the brownfield site to the east of Merton Abbey Mills has been developed into a residential complex which includes luxury apartments, a hotel, a gymnasium and several restaurants.
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Between 1849 and 1856, the Taff Vale Railway opened the Maerdy Branch from , including a station at . Passenger services were withdrawn in 1964, and the line closed completely and was lifted from June 1986 after coal from Mardy Colliery was raised through Tower Colliery. In 2005, RCT council constructed the A4223 Porth and Lower Rhondda Fach Relief Road (Porth Bypass), which follows the old Rhondda Fach branch railway line through Ynyshir, past Wattstown and on to Pontygwaith. Its construction has meant a significant decrease in traffic flows through the village.
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The A2045 is the A289's counterpart, however it is largely unbuilt. The Medway Towns Southern Relief Road was proposed to link the (then) new developments to the south of Chatham (Walderslade) and Gillingham (Hempstead, Wigmore and Parkwood) with M2's J3 and the A229 to the east and the M2's J4 and A278 in the west. A single carriageway road was built south of Walderslade to access the Walderslade Woods and Lordswood developments. At the other end a small section was built to access the Hempstead development and its shopping centre.
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Garringtons closed in 2002. Motorways came to Bromsgrove with the construction of the M5 motorway to Lydiate Ash in 1962, and northwards from 1967 to 1970. The M42 motorway joining the A38 at the north end of Bromsgrove was opened in 1987 and in December 1989 the link to the M5 was opened. A relief road on the west of the town was built to direct traffic away from the High Street, and a bypass was constructed on the eastern side of the town allowing traffic to avoid the town centre entirely.
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Totnes Bridge is the nearest bridge to the sea and is a road bridge built in 1826–28 by Charles Fowler. At low tide the foundations of the previous stone bridge are visible just upstream—it was probably built in the early 13th century and widened in 1692. Before the first stone bridge was built there was almost certainly a wooden bridge here, and a tidal ford for heavy vehicles was just downstream. In 1982 a new concrete bridge was built about upstream as part of the Totnes inner relief road.
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A 1973 report by town planners Hugh Wilson and Lewis Womersley, which recommended large-scale demolition in North Laine in favour of a flyover and car park, was rejected. The idea re- emerged in the late 1980s as the "Breeze into Brighton" Preston Circus Relief Road scheme, one of many ideas for the vacant Brighton Locomotive Works site now occupied by the New England Quarter; this would have replaced several buildings of historic interest on York Place and Cheapside, driven a trunk road through hundreds of houses and commercial buildings and sliced a corner off the listed Bedford Square on the seafront.
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East Grinstead became a railway terminus in 1967, after the line from Three Bridges, to Royal Tunbridge Wells was closed under the Beeching Axe, a rationalisation of British Railways' branch lines based on a report by Dr Richard Beeching, a resident of the town at that time. The line to Lewes, part of the Bluebell Railway, closed in 1958. In the late 1970s the town's inner relief road was built along a section of one of the closed railway lines and is named "Beeching Way". Because the road runs through a cutting, it has been nicknamed "Beeching Cut".
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From the late 18th century until more recent times there were habitable yards, of which only two names remain: Brewhouse Lane – which was rebuilt in a traditional style – and Victoria Place – now extended. The former Fiddle Yard is now Arbon Court, with newly completed houses for sale. Other yards and property were swept away by the relief road in the 1960s and the Oaken Buildings were eventually replaced by the St Andrew Street car park. The Church of St Andrew was possibly of Saxon origin and additions to the original building failed to accommodate sufficient of its worshippers.
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The bodies had been thrown into the pit haphazardly but the severed heads had been piled up separately to one side. The pit was in a disused Roman quarry, used by the killers for convenience rather than specially dug for the purpose. It lay next to what was a main road and parish boundary in Anglo-Saxon times; such prominent locations were typically used for public executions. As the burial pit was just outside the main construction area for the relief road, the archaeologists were able to excavate it in detail over the course of three months without significantly disrupting the road project.
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In November 2008, money was pledged by transport secretary Geoff Hoon to extend the route to Hazel Grove, and complete the link to the airport. However, following the change in government at the 2010 general election, the plans were placed on hold once more. Then, in November 2011, the government finally approved plans to complete the link, as part of a major programme of infrastructure investment. The A6 to Manchester Airport Relief Road, which completes the route between Hazel Grove and the airport using the A555, gained its final approval in March 2015 and was scheduled for completion and opening in spring 2018.
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The road passes to the north of Beccles and crosses the Lowestoft to Ipswich railway line at a level crossing. It passes Beccles Common and to the north of Worlingham, travelling now in a more easterly direction before rejoining its original route near the villages of North Cove, where there is a roundabout junction with the A145, and Barnby. Both villages are bypassed to the south by the modern road before it reaches the edge of the Lowestoft built up area at Carlton Colville. A relief road, the A1145, links Carlton Colville with the centre of Lowestoft whilst the A146 continues east.
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An M4 relief road between Magor and Castleton was first proposed by the Welsh Office in 1991, but there was little progress on the scheme in the following years. Plans for the New M4 were announced on 3 March 2006 as part of a raft of measures to improve road transport in Wales. The road would have cost between GB£350 million (later rising by £660m to an estimated £1 billion), and financed by a Private Finance Initiative (PFI) with the Welsh Assembly. It was planned to be the United Kingdom's second full toll-paying motorway, after the M6 Toll.
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Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, it has a population of 13,255,Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Doncaster Retrieved 27 August 2009 increasing to 13,557 at the 2011 Census. Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield is around two miles to the east. The village is demarcated to the north and west by a line of 400 kV pylons, as seen from the M18, to the north. The Finningley and Rossington Relief Road Scheme - from Junction 3 of the M18 to Parrot's Corner (junction of the A638 and the B6463 roads) - is proposed to allow access to the airport.
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There follows a steep descent to the junction with the A342 Devizes road and a sharp right turn past the Lysley Arms towards Chippenham. On the outskirts of Chippenham is a large roundabout, where the old A4 used to carry straight on down London Road and The Causeway into the Town Centre, which has since been pedestrianised. Most traffic turns left to go round the Pewsham Estate relief road called Pewsham Way, which is now the classified A4 route. After four roundabouts, the A4 turns left in a southerly direction at a roundabout, past the Chippenham Magistrates Court.
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The disused Angel Road railway station is partially located beneath the flyover at Angel Road, in an area marked for redevelopment known as Meridian Water. This leads onto the Lea Valley Viaduct that provides a safe crossing of the River Lea's flood plain. The viaduct is part of the original construction and was one of the first of its kind to be built using reinforced concrete. The North Circular Road (South Woodford to Barking Relief Road) near Ilford After the viaduct the road becomes Southend Road, passing north of Walthamstow, and immediately before the Crooked Billet junction, the former site of Walthamstow Stadium.
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The section of the North Circular south of Charlie Brown's Roundabout in South Woodford is the "South Woodford to Barking Relief Road". Prior to its opening, the signposted North Circular route from the Waterworks Roundabout to the Woolwich Ferry was on local roads via Whipps Cross, Wanstead, Manor Park and Beckton. As well as delays for the ferry, traffic could also be held due to closure of bridges in the Royal Albert and King George V Docks. The road was originally planned to be a continuation of the M11, but the standard of road was decreased to a basic dual carriageway.
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The route no longer ran along Slaney Place. In 1994 the route's southwestern terminus was moved from the eastern approach to O'Hanrahan Bridge on the Quay in New Ross to Kent's Cross on the N25, the route being changed to follow the New Ross Relief Road (the former R732 regional road), and the route was legally redesignated as the N30 national primary road. In 2006, the N30 Moneytucker to Jamestown scheme opened, in which 5.3 km of new improved single carriageway road with hard shoulders, better junctions, and overbridges and underbridges, was constructed south of the existing road.
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In 1970, cracks were discovered in some of the cast iron segments, and despite local protests, but with almost equal support, it was decided to close the bridge to all motorised traffic. All such traffic between Windsor and Eton must now travel via the Queen Elizabeth Bridge on the Royal Windsor Way (formally the Windsor and Eton relief road) to the west. For those approaching from Old Windsor or Runnymede, the Albert Bridge provides an alternative route via Datchet's High Street. In 2002 the bridge was refurbished, with repairs to the structure and new parapets including integral lighting.
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Intersecting the M2 at its second junction, crossing the A2 through the centre of Strood and meeting (and encompassing for a short stretch) the Northern Relief Road (A289). The road then carries on to the Isle of Grain. Throughout its passage through Strood it is single carriageway, but the stretches to the North are dualled partially toward Grain. The road to Grain was an accident black spot, this and increased traffic from the major port of Thamesport which is located to the north-west along the Medway Estuary prompted the construction of a new dual carriageway.
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Schmitten Tunnel The Schmitten Tunnel () is the bypass tunnel for the town of Zell am See in Austria and a road tunnel on the Pinzgau Road (Pinzgauer Straße, B 311) in the Austrian state of Salzburg. The Schmitten Tunnel has a length of 5,111 metres and acts as a relief road for the through road in Zell am See, that is normally very busy. The tunnel stretches from the suburb of Zell am See-Süd to the northern end of the town of Zell am See. One feature is the junction in the tunnel for the Old Town (Altstadt) of Zell am See.
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A590 crossing Walney Bridge in Barrow-in-Furness The A590 passes through Ulverston, avoiding its most central streets, along an inner relief road. West of Ulverston the road is entirely single carriageway and is mainly used for commuting between Ulverston, Barrow-in-Furness and the small towns in-between the two. West of Dalton-in-Furness, the A590 follows an entirely different route to that it did prior to the early 1990s when Dalton was bypassed. Previously, the road had gone through Dalton and entered Barrow along the wide Victorian Abbey Road, before passing through Barrow's shipyard onto Barrow Island.
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Wallisdown is served by Wilts & Dorset and Yellow Buses which provide services to Bournemouth and Poole. Wallisdown Roundabout The main road running through the area (A3049) has for some years been overloaded with traffic and the area is blighted with congestion, particularly around the Wallisdown Roundabout. Dorset County Council has made three attempts in the last 20 years to build a relief road on a corridor of land reserved along the riverside behind Talbot Village to the Alderney roundabout, but has been unsuccessful, in part due to resident opposition to the scheme. Land is still reserved in various verges along Talbot Avenue and Wallisdown Road for dual carriageway upgrades.
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Welsh First Minister Mark Drakeford announced on 12 March that the expected decision on the construction of an M4 relief road around Newport would be delayed due to the purdah rules that had taken effect during the by-election. Such rules prevented the government from making major policy announcements to avoid unduly influencing an election campaign. The news was strongly criticised by the Conservative candidate. The national backdrop for the by-election was the continued uncertainty over Brexit during the Brexit negotiations in 2019, with the original planned date for leaving the European Union being postponed and the failure of the House of Commons to agree a way forward.
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At this roundabout the A4119 meets momentarily with its original course before continuing along the old Railway line. The route then bypasses the village of Penygraig and south of Tonypandy where is progresses down a steep incline. There is a spur with Clydach Vale before the road, still following an old railway line, progresses down to the floor of the valley where the A4119 ends with a roundabout of the A4058. Originally the A4119 continued along Colliers Way and Llwynypia Road, where it again followed its original course, to a Terminus at Llwynypia Hospital with the A4058, but following the completion of the Porth Relief Road, the roads were re-numbered.
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The Sheffield Northern Relief Road is the scheme closing a hole in the Inner Ring Road. Work began work in 1999, with phase 1 finished in 2000 as Cutlers Gate and was subsequently renamed late in 2008 as Derek Dooley Way, in honour of the late Sheffielder who played football for Sheffield Wednesday before breaking his leg and going on to perform a number of backroom roles across the city at Sheffield United. Derek Dooley Way named section runs from the Parkway to the Wicker. In 2005 work started on the remainder, closing the gap from there to Shalesmoor and ended at the end of 2007.
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The M4 relief road was a motorway, south of the city of Newport, South Wales, proposed to relieve traffic congestion on the M4 motorway. Originally proposed by the Welsh Office in 1991, but were not pursued by the Conservative Major Government. Following devolution in 1999 the project was again drawn up by Welsh Government economic and transport minister Andrew Davies in 2004 but this was withdrawn in 2009 when the cost estimates had risen by £660m, to a total of £1 billion. In April 2013, the Conservative-led coalition offered the Welsh Government a £830m interest-payable loan for the construction of the road.
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M4 Relief road plan unveiled, BBC News, 7 December 2004 Like many stretches of motorway, it does not conform to current motorway standards: it lacks continuous hard shoulders due to previous widening, has closely spaced junctions and narrows to a restricted two-lane section through the Brynglas Tunnels, where heavy congestion occurs at peak hours. A variable speed limit is in place between junctions 24 and 28. M4 slip roads at Junction 25 (Caerleon Road) are diverted to reduce traffic through the tunnels. M4 Westbound traffic joining at Junction 25 is diverted via Junction 25A/A4042 (Heidenheim Drive)/A4051 (Malpas Road) to Junction 26.
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The Department for Transport published Trunk roads, England, into the 1990s in May 1990 which included ten proposed developments for the A12 between the M25 and Lowestoft including the M12 motorway between M25 and the Chelmsford bypass, Chelmsford bypass widening and improvements on the sections from Hatfield Peverel to Marks Tey, Four Sisters to Stratford St. Mary, Martlesham to Wickham Market, Wickham Market to Saxmundham, the bypass around Saxmundham, Saxmundham to south of Wrentham, South of Wrentham to Kessingland and the Lowestoft relief road. A public inquiry in the 'Saxmundham to Wickham Market bypass' was held in 1995 but this road has not been built.
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It by-passes south of the village of Chalk via the 1930s "Arterial road". This section of the A226 also follows the 1711 turnpike road between Gravesend and Rochester. The next village, lying mainly to the north of the road, is Higham; immediately following that is the junction with the dual- carriaway A289, the Medway Towns Northern Relief Road. The final section of the road crosses the B2018 and then drops down to the Medway valley until the junction with the A2 (Watling Street) at Strood A226 Heading from Dartford toward Gravesend Lion Roundabout on A226 Rochester Road (near Gravesend) The A226 Thames Way, near Ebbsfleet.
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The imposing hotel which used to serve the airport remains to this day. The South London Pirates are one of the most successful teams in the British Baseball Federation, playing at Roundshaw close to part of the old airport. Running through Waddon, from Purley to the western reaches of Thornton Heath, is the Purley Way, the A23, home to many superstores and light industrial units. A bypass road was first muted in 1908 with the Corporation's Roads Committee putting forward a full Thornton Heath to Purley relief road proposal in June 1911. Work commenced after the Great War in 1919 with the official opening in 1925.
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The M6 Toll, referred to on signs as the Midland Expressway (originally named the Birmingham Northern Relief Road or BNRR), and stylised as M6toll, connects M6 Junction 3a at the Coleshill Interchange to M6 Junction 11A at Wolverhampton with of six-lane motorway. The M6 Toll is the only major toll road in Great Britain, and has two payment plazas, Great Wyrley Toll Plaza for northbound and Weeford Toll Plaza for southbound. The northbound toll plaza is situated between junctions T6 and T7, and the southbound between junctions T4 and T3. The weekday cash cost is £6.70 for a car and £12.00 for a Heavy Goods Vehicle.
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In 1955 the former choir vestry in the All Saints' Chapel was converted to a side chapel. In the 1970s, the development of the new Trowbridge inner relief road involved the demolition of a few buildings near the church, and the creation of a one-way traffic-light controlled roundabout around the church, effectively isolating it. It soon gained the local nickname "The Church on the Roundabout". In 1980-1 the vicar's vestry was converted to toilets, the font was moved to near the main door, and a screen to match that in the Lady Chapel was erected between the south transept and the nave.
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Corner of Burdett Road and Commercial Road. Limehouse is connected to the National Road Network by the A13 Commercial Road which passes west–east through Limehouse, while the A1203 Limehouse Link tunnel passes under Limehouse Basin, linking The Highway with the Docklands Northern Relief Road. The northern entrance of the Rotherhithe Tunnel emerges in Limehouse, to the west of the Basin and close to Limehouse railway station. Narrow Street forms a part of the north bank of the Thames Path and had previously been the principal street in Limehouse, it includes the Cycle Superhighway CS3 between Tower Gateway to Barking and is one of London's first Cycle Superhighways.
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The A5191 goes north-south via the town centre, while the A5112 runs north-south to the east of the town centre. The A5064 is a short, one mile (1.6 km) stretch of road to the southeast of the town centre, called "London Road". Additionally, the A5124, the most recent bypass, was completed in 1998, and runs across the northern edge of the town at Battlefield (connecting the A49/A53 to the A528), though it did exist before as Harlescott Lane (which has since become unclassified). Construction of a major new artery referred to as the North West Relief Road (NWRR) was granted central government funding in April 2019.
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Kilkenny Central Access Scheme (CAS), previously Kilkenny Inner Relief Road Scheme is a controversial new road, improvement of existing roads and junctions and a new concrete bridge over the River Nore later named St. Francis Bridge, with provisions for footpaths and cycle lanes throughout. CAS comprises 4.5 kilometers of single carriageway road that is 7.3 metres wide. The scheme proved to be controversial as the route of the completed road will bring heavy traffic through residential areas, also the route will bring heavy traffic through the centre of medieval Irishtown section of the city. The Central Access Scheme was officially opened on 23 May 2017.
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The Metro-Link Express for Gandhinagar and Ahmedabad is yet in planning stage and the construction of Phase-I will be over by late 2019. But it is notable that Motera will be a metro rail interchange hub. 'Motera Stadium' station will be the northern-end terminus on the north–south line of Phase-I which will consist of important stations like Sabarmati railway station, AEC, Vadaj, Income Tax, Paldi, Vasna, etc. This line will intersect the west–east line of Phase-I itself consisting of stations like Thaltej, Doordarshan Kendra, Gujarat University, Navrangpura Stadium, Relief Road, Kalupur Railway Station (Ahmedabad Central), Vastral, etc.
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By contraction the name become Haverisham, Haversham, Harsham or Hersham before finally settling only on the latter. Hersham's first chapel of ease (Holy Trinity church, which was demolished in 1889 having been superseded) was built of yellow brick in Anglo-Norman style in 1839. Similarly congregationalists had a Round Chapel which existed from 1844 until 1961, the year in which the single dual carriageway in Hersham was created, and enabling its construction.St Peter's Hersham - History Retrieved 2013-09-30 Instead of merely (for vestry and property owning matters such as poor relief, road maintenance, manorial ownership, land tax and tithes) being the southern hamlet of Walton, Hersham became an ecclesiastical parish in 1851.
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On the bypass, Clayworth Road exits to the right and Beacon Hill Road (and the Trent Valley Way) to the left, both part of the B1403 (from Misterton). It climbs Beacon Hill, resuming the former route. To the south West Burton power stations and Cottam power stations can be seen. It gently descends the hill and at Beckingham meets the A161 (from the north) at a roundabout near Mill Farm. Previously it met the A161 in the village. Trent Port Inn The road becomes dual carriageway again as the road follows the Beckingham Bypass, built in 1975 with soil from the Gainsborough relief road, then reaches another roundabout with the A620, from the south (and for Retford).
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In January 1990, the Taylor Report made all-seater stadiums compulsory in the top two divisions of English football for the 1994-95 season. Having played in the second tier of the English league several times before, Reading were champions of Division Two in 1994, and were promoted to Division One. Reading became subject to the Taylor requirements. Converting Elm Park to an all-seater stadium was not practical, so a location in Smallmead (to the south of the town) was identified as the site for a new stadium. The location of a closed landfill, the site was purchased for £1, on the condition that the team develop the A33 relief road.
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The city was previously served by Ripon railway station on the Leeds–Northallerton line that ran between Leeds and Northallerton. It was once part of the North Eastern Railway and then LNER. The Ripon line was closed to passengers on 6 March 1967 and to freight on 5 September 1969 as part of the wider Beeching Axe, despite a vigorous campaign by local campaigners, including the city's MP. Today much of the route of the line through the city is now a relief road and although the former station still stands, it is now surrounded by a new housing development. The issue remains a significant one in local politics and there are movements wanting to restore the line.
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Under the Local Government (Roads and Motorways) Act (Declaration of National Roads) Order 1977 - which defined the original national primary and secondary routes – the N5's terminus was set at Castlebar. The section of road between Castlebar and Westport was designated part of the N60, a national secondary route. Outdated road signage (which should have been replaced by the local authority or at least corrected) in Castlebar also indicates that the N5 commences on the Castlebar inner relief road at the Westport Road roundabout. However the road between Westport and Castlebar was upgraded to national primary route status in 1994 (under the Roads Act, 1993 (Declaration of National Roads) Order, 1994) and became part of the N5 road.
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Monnow Street, historically the site of the town's market and now its main shopping street Monnow Street in 1918 Monmouth developed primarily as a market town, and agricultural centre, rather than as a centre of industry. The wool industry was important in its early growth, and the town was a centre for the production of the very popular knitted and felted Monmouth caps, from the 15th century onwards. Gathering the Jewels: Monmouth cap, 16th century . Accessed 11 January 2012 Historically, Monmouth also had iron and tinplate works, together with paper and corn mills. The town was also an important river port, with warehouses and wharves along the Wye later removed for the building of the A40 relief road.
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The Batinah Expressway is a 256 km 8-lane highway in Oman that connects the Muscat Expressway (a relief road in Muscat, the capital of Oman) at Halban with the United Arab Emirates border at Khatmat Malaha. Batinah Expressway was opened to the public, which is one of the biggest road infrastructure projects in Sultanate of Oman consists of 1,106 concrete channels, 25 bridges crossing wadis, 17 overhead bridges, 12 tunnels and other technical preparedness to overcome terrestrial obstacles. The Expressway has four lanes in each direction was completed in a time span of six years, built at a cost of RO 800 million. This investments and resources opened up new horizons for people, economy and the society.
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A2 at Leyton Cross At Shooter's Hill, Watling Street and the A2 part company, as Watling Street continues along the A207. At this point the A2 joins a dual carriageway, the Rochester Way Relief Road (the carriageways to the north of this junction being the A102 Blackwall Tunnel Approach) with a speed limit of 50 mph (80 km/h). The A2 meets traffic lights at Kidbrooke; this is the last set of lights out of Greater London (the lights only apply to traffic turning right onto the A2213). Shortly after here, the A2 crosses the A205 South Circular Road and becomes a motorway in all but name, with 3 lanes and a hard shoulder in each direction.
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Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2006 , Department of Transport. Retrieved 2010-08-02. The official description of the R331 from the Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2006 (Statutory Instrument 188 of 2006) reads: :R331: Claremorris - Ballinrobe, County Mayo :Between its junction with N60 at Inner Relief Road in the town of Claremorris and its junction with N84 at Bridge Street Ballinrobe via Ballyhaunis Road, Main Street and James Street in the town of Claremorris; Rooskeybeg, Tagheen, Hollymount, Cappacurry; and Abbey Street at Ballinrobe all in the county of Mayo. The road is long and it crosses the winding River Robe three times on its journey (map of the road).
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Dean Clough Dean Clough in Halifax, Calderdale, West Yorkshire, England, is a group of large factory buildings built in the 1840s-60s for Crossley's Carpets, becoming one of the world's largest carpet factories (half a mile long with of floorspace). After years of declining production it closed in 1983, when it was bought by a consortium led by Sir Ernest Hall which developed the Grade II listed site for various commercial and cultural uses. It is now seen as a leading example of successful urban regeneration. Dean Clough is located on the north side of Halifax near the Victorian North Bridge and the modern flyover sections of the Burdock Way relief road system.
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This built on existing plans for Limehouse Basin, and offered a discussion framework for future development, housing refurbishment and environmental improvements across the whole of Limehouse. It was based on four major projects: Limehouse Basin, Free Trade Wharf, what was then known as the Light Rapid Transit Route (DLR) and the Docklands Northern Relief Road, a road corridor between The Highway and East India Dock across the north of the Isle of Dogs. However, it was not until the mid-1980s with the abolition of the Greater London Council that the impetus for improvements to the infrastructure was provided. The key to development in Limehouse lay next door in the Isle of Dogs.
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The Kidbrooke training facility was on the site today occupied by Thomas Tallis School, in which the RAF Linguists' Association unveiled a commemorative plaque in 2008 (re-dedicated in July 2014). After the base's closure, much of the rest of the site was used for housing, with the Ferrier Estate (1968–2012) being constructed to the south of the railway lines. In the 1980s the Rochester Way Relief Road was built across the northern part of the site, alongside the railway line, carrying the A2 south of its earlier route. Part of the eastern side of the glider school site is now occupied by The Halley Academy (from 1954 to 2011, Kidbrooke School).
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The arrival of this new route meant that the original station was not adequate and a large new station was built on the through line, with a junction for the original line to Tiverton Junction. The station was busy right up to the time of its closure, but traffic on the rest of the Exe Valley line suffered from competition with the roads. The Exe Valley line closed in 1963 and passenger services were withdrawn from the original line from Tiverton Junction just a year later, with goods facilities closing in 1967. The station was later demolished and much of the rail route around the town has disappeared under the A396 relief road system.
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Great Yarmouth railway station is the terminus of the Wherry Lines from Norwich. Before the Beeching Axe the town had a number of railway stations and a direct link to London down the east coast. The only remaining signs of these is a coach park where Beach Station once was and the A12 relief road, which follows the route of the railway down into the embankment from Breydon Bridge. left Yarmouth has two piers, Britannia Pier (which is Grade II listed)) and Wellington Pier. The theatre building on the latter was demolished in 2005 and reopened in 2008 as a family entertainment centre, including a ten-pin bowling alley overlooking the beach.
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Details of work on the bypass during 2009 In March 2009 a roundabout was completed on the A4071 which will take drivers off it and onto the Relief Road. During construction local school children and interested members of the public were able to have planned visits to the site.Details of one such visit by school children on the Carillion website In July 2009 the bridge that took the Lawford Road over the disused railway was taken down and the Lawford Road was diverted to make way for what became the largest signalised junction in Warwickshire. In November 2009 the southern section from the A4071 to the Lawford Road was waiting to be topped off.
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Frank Drohan (13 August 1879 – 5 March 1953) was an Irish politician. He was elected unopposed at the 1921 elections for the Waterford–Tipperary East constituency as a Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) in the 2nd Dáil. He was personally opposed to the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, but the local Sinn Féin branch instructed him to vote in favour; he felt the only honourable course was to submit his resignation, which was read out by the Ceann Comhairle Eoin MacNeill on 5 January 1922, two days before the Dáil voted to accept the Treaty. Frank Drohan Road is the section of the N24 serving as an inner relief road outside Clonmel.
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On the northern platform side closest to the village was a small station building, a hotel and the goods yard. Both the branch lines were operated by the B&ER; until 1 January 1876 when it was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway. In 1931 the GWR started a project to quadruple the track between Cogload Junction (where the mainline from and the north met the Castle Cary cut-off line from Yeovil, Reading and ), for the south through Taunton to Norton Fitzwarren. The existing station buildings were demolished, to allow a new up-relief line to be built north of the existing northern platform, followed by the creation of a down relief road south of the southern platform.
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The city was previously served by Ripon railway station on the Leeds–Northallerton line that ran between Leeds and Northallerton. It was once part of the North Eastern Railway and then LNER. The Ripon line was closed to passengers on 6 March 1967 and to freight on 5 September 1969 as part of the wider Beeching Axe, despite a vigorous campaign by local campaigners, including the city's MP. Today much of the route of the line through the city is now a relief road and although the former station still stands, it is now surrounded by a new housing development. The issue remains a significant one in local politics and there are movements wanting to restore the line.
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In September 2008, archaeologists from Oxford Archaeology began excavating land along the route of the planned Weymouth Relief Road (A354 road) in advance of the £87 million project, which was intended to improve access to Weymouth and the Isle of Portland in advance of the 2012 Summer Olympics sailing events held in Weymouth. The project had attracted significant controversy, as the road's route passes through a legally protected Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty that is of historical and ecological importance. The archaeological investigation was one of the largest carried out in Dorset for many years, covering an area of around . The archaeologists discovered a burial pit on Ridgeway Hill containing what turned out to be 54 dismembered skeletons and 51 skulls.
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The Ripon line was closed to passengers on 6 March 1967 and to freight on 5 September 1969 as part of the wider Beeching Axe, despite a vigorous campaign by local campaigners, including the city's MP. Today much of the route of the line through the city is now a relief road and although the former station still stands, it is now surrounded by a new housing development. The issue remains a significant one in local politics and there are movements wanting to restore the line. Reports suggest the reopening of a line between Ripon and Harrogate would be economically viable, costing £40 million and could initially attract 1,200 passengers a day, rising to 2,700. Campaigners call on MPs to restore Ripon railway link.
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It is broadly triangular in shape, with Tenter Street and Broad Lane to the south, Netherthorpe Road and Hoyle Street to the north-west and Shalesmoor, Moorfields, Gibraltar Street and West Bar to the north-east. Currently, the A57 runs through the middle of the quarter but upon the completion of the Northern Relief Road, a dedicated route will be provided around the quarter, with the intention of improving the character of the area. It currently has three designated character areas: Furnace Hill, Solly Street, Well Meadow.Sheffield City Council - St. Vincent's Quarter The quarter played an important part in Sheffield's industrial heritage and examples include the cementation furnace on Doncaster Street and the crucible furnace and buildings at 35 Well Meadow Street.
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The Ripon Line was closed to passengers on 6 March 1967 and to freight on 5 September 1969 as part of the wider Beeching Axe, despite a vigorous campaign by local campaigners, including the city's MP. Today much of the route of the line through the city is now a relief road and although the former station still stands, it is now surrounded by a new housing development. The issue remains a significant one in local politics and there are movements wanting to restore the line. Reports suggest the reopening of a line between Ripon and Harrogate railway station would be economically viable, costing £40 million and could initially attract 1,200 passengers a day, rising to 2,700. Campaigners call on MPs to restore Ripon railway link.
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Some Tattenham Corner line trains terminated at Smitham before returning to London, but nowadays the usual off-peak service is two trains per hour in each direction between London Bridge and Tattenham Corner. An hourly shuttle service used to be in operation during weekday off-peak hours between Purley and Tattenham Corner, but this was withdrawn in February 2015. Services to London Victoria only run during the weekday business peaks and Mon-Fri evenings, though connections are available at East Croydon or Norwood Junction at other times.GB eNRT May 2016 Edition, Table 181 (Network Rail) The Coulsdon relief road, opened 18 December 2006 as part of the A23, passes underneath the station and meant that some rearrangement and refurbishment of the platform access routes was required.
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The reopening of the line from Tunbridge Wells to Three Bridges has been suggested as a means of relieving the A264 road. However, a number of obstacles would appear to stand in the way of such action, most notably: # An industrial site currently occupies the former location of Forest Row railway station as well as a small recycling centre to the west. # The formation has been built across in several places notably in East Grinstead where about of the trackbed from Station Road to the Lewes Road tunnel has been taken over for a relief road, the A22 Beeching Way. As there is no feasible alternative route into the station, this road would need to be reconverted back to rail.
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The first stretch of the A33 is a relatively new road, built as the A33 relief road, which starts on the Inner Distribution Road and bypasses most of suburban Reading, servicing the Kennet Island residential development, Madejski Stadium and Green Park Business Park, towards the M4, where it connects at junction 11. The first stretch of this road follows the route of the old Coley branch railway, including a passage under the railway era bridge carrying Berkeley Avenue. A two-year redevelopment scheme ran from early 2008 until late 2010, widening the northern section of the dual carriageway and significantly expanding and improving the motorway junction. The Mereoak Roundabout south of the motorway was replaced with two separate junctions with traffic lights.
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However, as of June 2006, the A12 now follows the course of the new single carriageway Southern Relief Road that joins the original A12 at Lowestoft bascule bridge. A further impediment is the harbour bridge, which has three lanes, the centre lane operating as a one-way addition to whichever direction of flow is deemed greater. The presence of these bridge choke points can cause serious disruption to north–south trunk traffic, especially when local traffic is added during rush hours. An adequate bypass for Lowestoft would need to be well to the west, even to the west of Oulton Broad (the body of water), and its route would have to consider the great areas of marshland in that area.
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The Lighted Lady of Barking, public art at junction of Abbey Road and London Road The town is situated north of the A13 road and east of the River Roding near its confluence with the River Thames in east London. The South Woodford to Barking Relief Road (part of the A406 North Circular Road) runs through the Roding Valley, and access to the town centre is by its junction with the A124, which until the late 1920s was the main route to and from London. Barking station is a local transport hub and is served by the London Underground, London Overground, c2c and London Bus and East London Transit routes. The east of Barking is served by Upney Underground station.
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The system was bought out by the competing bus company and closed on 18 April 1937, by which time the fleet comprised 8 double deck and 6 "toast racks". An earlier proposal for the Weston, Clevedon and Portishead Tramway to run along the streets of the town to the sea front had failed to materialise, leaving the line as an ordinary railway (the Weston, Clevedon and Portishead Light Railway) with a terminus in Ashcombe Road. Weston is close to junction 21 of the M5 motorway, to which it is linked by a dual-carriageway relief road built in the 1990s. This replaced Locking Road as the designated A370 route and avoided some of the traffic congestion along that narrower urban road.
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The greater part of the road was originally planned in the 1920s as a relief road linking London with South West England. Construction began in 1928 and the road, together with Chiswick and Twickenham Bridges, was opened in 1933. The section between Hanworth and Sunbury is part of an older route; before being widened and renamed Country Way in the 1970s, this section had the names Twickenham Road (between Apex Corner and Bear Road) and Sunbury Road (between Bear Road and Kempton Park). A pub once stood adjacent to the A316 in Hanworth called the "Brown Bear"; it was demolished in 1973 when the road was made into triple lanes and the flyover with limited access over the junction of Bear/Hanworth Road built.
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Instead, a location in Smallmead (to the south of the town) was identified as the site for a new stadium. The former council landfill site was bought for £1, with further conditions that the development of the stadium would include part-funding of the A33 relief road. Expansion of the club's home would also allow alternative commercial ventures (particularly leisure facilities) and shared use with other teams (such as rugby union clubs Richmond and London Irish). The last competitive match at Elm Park took place on 3 May 1998 against Norwich City, with Reading losing 1–0. Reading began the 1998–99 season at the Madejski Stadium. It was opened on 22 August 1998 when Luton Town were beaten 3–0.
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The ward is served by both Northfield railway station and Longbridge railway station on the Cross-City Line. Several bus routes pass through the ward, including routes 18, 27, 48, 49, 61, 63 and X20 operated by National Express West Midlands, routes 19, 38, 39 and 39A are operated by Kev’s Car and Coaches, 44 operated by Diamond and route 144 operated by First. Northfield is centred on the main A38 road, which runs southwards from Birmingham and leads to Bromsgrove, Worcester, Gloucester, Bristol, Exeter and eventually Bodmin in Cornwall. The section of this road through Northfield was traditionally very congested around the old village centre, but in 2006 a relief road was built, which has significantly improved the situation.
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Future developments include the £800 million Airport City Manchester logistics, manufacturing, office and hotel space next to the airport. Ongoing and future transport improvements include the £290 million Eastern Link relief road, which opened in October 2018. A High Speed 2 station known as Manchester Interchange, earmarked for opening in 2033, will create a regular sub-10-minute shuttle service for connecting rail passengers between central Manchester and the Airport while relieving stress on the Styal Line to the Airport from Manchester which has become one of the most congested routes on the National Rail network. After the airport handled a record 27.8 million passengers in 2017, it is currently undergoing a major expansion programme to double the size of Terminal 2, with the first elements opening in 2019.
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Towards a Plan for Oxford City, published in 1944 Central Oxford had become acutely congested with motor traffic in the 1920s and 1930s. When Dale first moved from Banbury to Oxford he practised from an office in Carfax "but the traffic there was shocking" so he gave up his office and practised from home. In September 1941 Dale published a six-page pamphlet called Christ Church Mall: a Diversion in which he proposed a relief road skirting the south side of Christ Church Meadow along the bank of the River Thames to link Abingdon Road and Iffley Road to bypass High Street.Dale, 1944, pages 9–10 In 1944 Dale expanded on his proposals into a 60-page book, Towards a Plan for Oxford City, illustrated with some of his own watercolours.
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West Road Bourne Market Place is at the crossroads of the A15 road and the B1193. Strictly speaking, it was a staggered pair of T-junctions where the A15 was met by the A151 from Spalding to the east and the B676 from the west (the article A151 road explains) before the B676 was renumbered as an extension of the A151 to Colsterworth. The A151 was diverted from the town centre via Cherry Holt Road and a newly opened relief road in 2005. When the rapid expansion of the town was first proposed in the early 1990s, development was scheduled to the north-east of the town, and part of this would have been a north/south bypass on the A15 under Section 106 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990.
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The Brynglas Tunnels on the existing M4, which would be bypassed by a new road A second South Wales motorway was first discussed in the late 1980s, sited to the south of Newport running parallel to the existing M4 motorway from junction 23A at Magor, to junction 29 at Castleton, thus avoiding the need to widen the Brynglas Tunnels. The tunnels can no longer be expanded or relocated due to geological issues in the area, which has meant subsidence to a number of houses above the tunnels since construction took place. The concept behind the motorway was first based on the M6 Toll motorway, a relief road built to reduce traffic on the M6 motorway around Birmingham. The existing motorway runs through the Brynglas Tunnels north of Newport city centre.
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Before completion of the relief road, the A354 followed its original route through Upwey and Broadwey, where traffic problems were common at peak tourist times, particularly on event days such as the carnival. The relief road's construction was delayed by opposition from residents and environmental groups, including Transport 2000 and the Campaign to Protect Rural England, who objected to the route's partial destruction of a nature reserve, which is an AONB and SSSI. With Weymouth and Portland scheduled to host 2012 Olympic sailing events the project reopened; the local authorities favouring a more environmentally friendly proposal than in the 1990s. On 5 April 2007, Dorset County Council granted planning permission for a modified proposal including a single carriageway running north, and a 1000-space park-and-ride scheme, costing £84.5 million.
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The manufacture of agricultural machinery adjacent to the River Lowman dwindled, the railway closed in 1964 and the Globe Elastic plant in Kennedy Way also closed down in the 1980s. However, in this period a few far-sighted individuals, notably William Authers, secured some important assets for the future of the town. Tiverton Museum was opened during this time; the trackbed of the old railway was bought up and now remains as footpaths and an adventure playground; and the Grand Western Canal was saved from dereliction and revived as a country park. During the 1990s, retailing in the town declined still further after the opening of the Southern Relief Road (now Great Western Way), which led to the closure of Fore Street in the town centre to all but pedestrians.
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As of 2007, the R509 now only follows part of the Childers Road, between the R445 (at the Parkway Shopping Centre on the Dublin Road) and the M20 (at John Carew Park). The Bus Éireann 308 bus route (city centre to Castletroy/University of Limerick) has a stop on the Childers Road near the Bloodmill Road junction. A cycle route runs along part of the Childers Road, and is due to be extended as part of a planned scheme of cycleways for Limerick. A new relief road was opened in 2006 between Plassey roundabout and New Tipperary Road (R527) which should help to alleviate much of the traffic congestion caused by the opening of the Childers Road Retail Park and Parkway Retail Park only 100 metres up the R509.
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In 2005, North Yorkshire County Council commissioned Ove Arup to undertake a feasibility study into the possibility of reopening the closed stretch of line between Harrogate and Ripon. The city was previously served by Ripon railway station on the Leeds-Northallerton line that ran between Leeds and Northallerton. It was once part of the North Eastern Railway and then LNER. The Ripon line was closed to passengers on 6 March 1967 and to freight on 5 September 1969 as part of the wider Beeching Axe, despite a vigorous campaign by local campaigners, including the city's MP. Today much of the route of the line through the city is now a relief road and although the former station still stands, it is now surrounded by a new housing development.
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The first was in 1989, when a mixed-use development, centred on a new pedestrianised square outside St Bartholomew's Church, was planned. It would have included a supermarket, offices, houses and other shops, and a relief road designed to take traffic away from the congested London Road. The Environmental Services Department of what was then Brighton Borough Council produced a planning brief for the site in October 1993, stating a desire to "recreate in the area west of London Road a vital, urban, mixed use townscape which links a regenerated and environmentally enhanced London Road shopping centre with North Laine and the station". The desire to use the site to its full potential was increased when city status was awarded to Brighton and Hove in 2000; it was the largest brownfield site in the city.
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On 1 January 1948 the railways were nationalised and Norton Fitzwarren became a part of the Western Region of British Railways. Passenger traffic was withdrawn on 30 October 1961, after which passengers for the two branches once again had to change trains at Taunton until these routes were closed on 3 October 1966 (the Devon and Somerset line) and 4 January 1971 (West Somerset line). The goods yard continued to operate until 6 July 1964, when the logistics facilities of Norton Manor Camp closed. The goods facilities had always handled a large volume of locally grown cider apples, and on 1 March 1983 a private siding utilising much of the former up-relief road connection to the WSR was opened into the Taunton Cider Company’s factory on the northwest side of the former station site.
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The wall remained wholly intact until it was breached in 1846 to allow the construction of the railway line between Chepstow and Newport. The stretch of wall running south of the railway line to the river was then demolished in 1916 for the development of the National Shipyard No.1 during the First World War, and a further gap was opened up in the wall shortly afterwards to enable the children of shipyard workers in the newly built Hardwick Garden City estate, just outside the wall, pedestrian access to their school. Gaps in the wall were later opened to give vehicle access to the main town car park at Welsh Street in the 1960s, and for a new relief road (A48) in the early 1970s. The Port Wall was given Grade I Listed Building status on 24 March 1975.
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To the north of the station, ⅓-mile of the trackbed has since been reused as part of the A4390 Stratford Inner Relief Road (Seven Meadows Road); this follows the alignment of the Honeybourne Line from the site of the former SMJR overbridge at Alcester Road to the Evesham Place roundabout to the south of Stratford station. The scheme to build the road generated hundreds of objections and a lengthy public enquiry. The road scheme saw the SMJR bridge replaced by a large roundabout. A 1996 study commissioned by Warwickshire County Council and Stratford-on-Avon District Council concluded that reinstatement to Stratford station is still feasible, but would require the re-modelling of Evesham Place roundabout and replacement of the cycleway alongside Seven Meadows Road and the footpath between Sandifield Road and Evesham Place to be converted into railway.
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The village of Aubourn is located approximately 8 miles south, south west of the City of Lincoln, adjacent to the River Witham, which winds its way eastwards to The Haven, a tidal arm of the Wash. Before the Second World War, the lower land to the east of the village was allowed to flood during the winter if the river rose too high, but since then a flood bank 2.5 metre high has been erected to prevent flooding and protect the village. The village lies on the C103 road between the A46 and the A607 at Harmston, and in the absence of an alternative route also provides a natural link to the A15. Consequently, the village is likely to benefit from the construction of the North Hykeham Relief Road, formerly described as the Lincoln Southern Bypass.
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In 2006 Mid-Sussex District Council floated the idea of constructing a wide concrete tunnel under the Worth Way which would carry a relief road for East Grinstead over the line of the trail.BBC Action Network, "Save Worth Way", 11 June 2006 The tunnel, which would be built using the destructive cut-and-cover method, would form a two lane single carriageway, requiring a section of the Way between Imberhorne Lane and East Grinstead station car park to be converted into an A road linking with the A22 Beeching Way.Worth Way Action Group, "Background". The Worth Way Action Group was set up to fight the proposals and it achieved its goal in March 2007 when the scheme was dropped on the basis that its estimated costs of £157 million (representing £60,000 per East Grinstead dwelling) made it unviable.
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Born in Ipswich in 1879 and educated at Ipswich School, Batley served his articles locally and in London leaving for India in 1913. In Bombay he started a successful independent architectural practice in 1917 with partners Gregson and King, a firm of architects which is still extant under the name of Gregson, Batley and King. Among his works are the Bombay Gymkhana (1917); Lincoln House (1933), previously Wankaner House, Breach Candy; Bombay Central Station (1930); Dariya Mahal, residence of Maharaja of Cutch (1930), South Court (1936), residence of Mohamed Ali Jinnah; Round Building (1937), Cusrow Baug in Colaba Causeway (1937–59) and its Agiary, known as The Seth Nusserwanji Hirji Karani Agiary (1938), Bombay Club (1939) later Hotel Nataraj and now Inter-Continental Mumbai, Lalbhai House (1942) and Breach Candy Hospital (1950). Vijalighar in Ahmedabad He had designed Vijalighar (Electricity House) on Relief Road, Ahmedabad.
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With regard to the possible reopening of the remaining section of the line from Groombridge to Three Bridges, a number of physical obstacles would appear to stand in the way of such action, most notably: 1) A bridge over the B2210 near Ashurst Junction has been removed and the embankment cut back. 2) An industrial site currently occupies the former location of Forest Row railway station as well as a small recycling centre to the west. 3) At Forest Row a bridge over the A22 has been removed and the embankment cut back. 4) The formation has been built across in several places notably in East Grinstead where about one mile of the trackbed from Station Road to the Lewes Road tunnel has been taken over for a relief road (the A22 ironically named Beeching Way after local resident Richard Beeching whose recommendations closed the railway line).
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The Inspector heading the enquiry for the Northern Relief Road ruled that the contractor would only be responsible for the footings for a new aqueduct to carry the canal over the motorway, and that the Trust would need to raise the costs for the rest of the structure. An appeal was launched for funds, headed by the actor David Suchet, and together with a grant of £250,000 from the Manifold Trust, the £450,000 cost was met, the road contractors built the supporting columns, and on 16 August 2003, a steel trough was craned into position, having been pre- fabricated by Rowecord Engineering Ltd, who are based in South Wales. (The aqueduct has been finished but the canal has yet to reach it, giving it an odd appearance). This had a beneficial side-effect - the Government promised that never again would a new road be built in the path of a waterway restoration scheme, unless an aqueduct or tunnel was provided.
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The Black Country New Road (or Black Country Spine Road) is a major road which runs through the West Midlands of England. The route was first planned during the 1980s, as a trunk road to link the planned Black Country Route at Bilston with Junction 1 of the M5 motorway in West Bromwich, featuring grade-separated junctions, although these were abandoned by 1992 due to cost-cutting measures by the Conservative government, with conventional traffic islands taking the place of the grade-separated junctions and part of the route diverted along an existing road instead of running along a new mile-long route. The first phase of the route was completed in July 1995, beginning with a half-mile stretch of dual carriageway linking the A41/A4038 junction in Moxley with the simultaneously completed Black Country Route. It opened at the same time as the Great Bridge to West Bromwich section, which also included the Great Bridge relief road (Great Western Way).
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Kilkenny Central Access Scheme (CAS), previously Kilkenny Inner Relief Road Scheme, is sections of new road, improvement of existing roads and junctions, and a new River Nore bridge crossing, with provisions for footpaths and cycle lanes throughout. CAS comprises 4.5 kilometers of single carriageway road that is 7.3 metres wide. The proposed route dissects the medieval core of the old Irishtown of Kilkenny, one of the most historic quarters of the city. The campaign group called "Complete Kilkenny Ring Road as a priority over the CAS" or CKRR is holding demonstrations to gain further support for a call to rethink the CAS and demand to complete the outer ring road around Kilkenny. Several of Kilkenny’s leading figures in the areas of tourism, heritage and archaeology – as well as local residents – have come out strongly against the imminent demolition of a number of historic buildings and the altering of one of the city’s oldest streetscapes.
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The road is in three discontiguous segments which add up to in length. The government legislation that defines the R320, the Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2012 (Statutory Instrument 54 of 2012), provides the following official description: :R320: Swinford — Claremorris, County Mayo :Between its junction with N26 at Main Street Swinford and its junction with N60 at Lugatemple via Market Street and Chapel Street at Swinford; Newpark, Carrowcanada, Kinaff, Shanvally; Aiden Street, Main Street and Chapel Street at Kiltimagh; Gortgarve, Carrowreagh, Murneen and Kilcolman all in the county of Mayo :and :between its junction with N60 at Inner Relief Road and its junction with R331 at Main Street via Mount Street all in the town of Claremorris in the county of Mayo :and :between its junction with R331 at James Street in the town of Claremorris and its junction with N17 at Lisduff via Clare all in the county of Mayo.
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When the Mid Sussex District Council carried out a preliminary study before putting together an Area Action Plan, it conducted an enquiry into public transport which threw up some interesting results. Based on a survey of over 1,000 local residents, the Council acknowledged that most felt public transport facilities in East Grinstead to be inadequate. Local residents called for the introduction of dedicated bus lanes and more frequent rail services; some called for the reinstatement of the link to Three Bridges in order to provide easier access to Gatwick Airport, together with another link to Forest Row and Uckfield.Mid Sussex District Council, "East Grinstead Area Action Plan: Pre-submission document, Topic Paper 22: Other Measures" Replying to these suggestions, the Council noted that whilst "reinstatement of public transport services along Worth Way was the most common suggestion made", the only means of transport it would consider along that corridor would be a relief road.
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The term is rarely used in British English, although similar terms exist: election sweetener, tax sweetener, or just sweetener, which refers to the practise of a chancellor of the exchequer leaving room in their fiscal program to announce a big tax cut or spending boost in the budget immediately prior to an election, usually targeting a key voting demographic (such as the elderly) or benefitting marginal constituencies. The term "pork barrel" was, however, used in August 2013 by the Campaign for Better Transport in their criticism of Danny Alexander MP's involvement in securing funding for the A6 Manchester Airport Relief Road which passed through a marginal Liberal Democrat constituency. It was also used by Pete Wishart in the House of Commons on 26 June 2017 in reference to the deal between the Conservative Party and the Democratic Unionist Party to keep the former in power. In February 2019 it was used by shadow chancellor John McDonnell to criticise Theresa May’s rumoured attempts to persuade Labour MPs to vote for her Brexit deal.
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The route connects to the N25 Wexford Road at Kent's Cross Roundabout, southeast of New Ross in County Wexford, and follows north along the New Ross Relief Road, through a traffic light controlled crossroads in the Irishtown, before cornering west to a junction with the R700 on Craywell Road in Mount Elliott. It then heads north for approximately 550 metres before it corners eastwards for a distance of about 250 metres in Mountgarret, passing the junction with the R700 at the southern approach to Mountgarret Bridge which leads to Kilkenny, and it then heads east for approximately 800 metres, passes a junction with the R729 which leads to Borris, and then heads east- northeast towards Clonroche. The road later passes through Clonroche, continuing east for about two kilometres, and then passes by three junctions; one with the R735, which heads southwest to Gusserane via Adamstown and Newbawn; and two with the R730, one which heads southeast to Wexford and the other which heads northwest to Kiltealy. The road then continues northeast towards Enniscorthy, bypassing the town to the north.
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By the first week in May building work was under way, and at the start of the 1963–64 season the dressing rooms had been completed and the stand was open but the rest of the facilities were still under construction. The new 2,000 seater Main Stand was finally completed just in time for an FA Cup tie with Crystal Palace, on 7 December 1963, when the Social Club was opened. The new stand, which had cost £60,000 to build, gave the club new dressing rooms, an upstairs boardroom, and a long bar for supporters to drink in, where the club held dances and bingo nights. The bar soon became one of the hubs of the town, with the ground being on the west end of the town centre, and the additional income began to give the club payback for that investment. In the late 1960s plans were drawn up for the Yeovil inner relief road, with one plan showing the road running right through the middle of the Huish pitch.
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