Progressivism (1986); Maureen Flanagan, America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890–1920s (2007)Samuel Haber, Efficiency and Uplift Scientific Management in the Progressive Era 1890–1920 (1964) 656 Scientific management, as promulgated by Frederick Winslow Taylor, became a watchword for industrial efficiency and elimination of waste, with the stopwatch as its symbol.Daniel Nelson, Frederick W. Taylor and the Rise of Scientific Management (1970).
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Maureen A. Flanagan, America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890s–1920s (2006) Women consolidated their gains after the success of the suffrage movement, and moved into causes such as world peace, good government, maternal care (the Sheppard–Towner Act of 1921), and local support for education and public health.Jayne Morris-Crowther, "Municipal Housekeeping: The Political Activities of the Detroit Federation of Women's Clubs in the 1920s", Michigan Historical Review, March 2004, Vol.
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The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson marked a watershed as a new generation of Democrats without the baggage of slavery and secession.Maureen Flanagan, America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890s–1920s (2007) Meanwhile, the Republican Party, after a brief fling with progressivism under Theodore Roosevelt, quickly reasserted itself as the party of big business and laissez-faire capitalism.Kathleen Dalton, "Changing interpretations of Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive era." in Christopher M. Nichols and Nancy C. Unger, eds., A Companion to the Gilded Age and Progressive Era (2017): 296-307.
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The Progressives in the United States in the early 20th century were avid modernisers. They believed in science, technology, expertise—and especially education—as the grand solution to society's weaknesses. Characteristics of progressivism included a favorable attitude toward urban-industrial society, belief in mankind's ability to improve the environment and conditions of life, belief in obligation to intervene in economic and social affairs, and a belief in the ability of experts and in efficiency of government intervention.John D. Buenker, and KABASO.S.MUYA. Progressivism (1986); Maureen Flanagan, America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890s-1920s (2007); Modernisation theory exerts a "powerful influence" on historians dealing with the 1896-1916 era, asserts Martin J. Sklar, The United States as a developing country (1992) p.
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William A. Link, The Paradox of Southern Progressivism, 1880–1930 (1997) p. 294 Likewise it was influential in the Midwest.Judith Sealander, Grand Plans: Business Progressivism and Social Change in Ohio's Miami Valley, 1890–1929 (1991) Historians of women and of youth emphasize the strength of the Progressive impulse in the 1920s.Maureen A. Flanagan, America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890s–1920s (2006) Women consolidated their gains after the success of the suffrage movement, and moved into causes such as world peace,Susan Zeiger, "Finding a cure for war: Women's politics and the peace movement in the 1920s," Journal of Social History, Fall 1990, Vol. 24 Issue 1, pp. 69–86 good government, maternal care (the Sheppard–Towner Act of 1921),J. Stanley Lemons, "The Sheppard-Towner Act: Progressivism in the 1920s," Journal of American History Vol. 55, No. 4 (Mar., 1969), pp. 776–86 and local support for education and public health.
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