Correction (October 24th): A previous version of this explainer said that China's plenums are annual affairs.
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The other plenums approve broad policy directions, with the third seen as the most important because it is given over to political or economic reform.
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Plenums, as they are formally called, are generally held every autumn, and are an opportunity for the party's elite to map out policy priorities for the year ahead.
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"You can throw a baseball and almost hit the Volkswagen plant," said Corey Jahn, the Gestamp plant director, standing next to powerful cold-stamping machines that press sheets of metal into wheelhouses, door sills and floor plenums.
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While some of the disgraced members were replaced at previous Central Committee plenums – or full meetings – others snared in the last year or so are still on the books to be sacked this time around, ratifying the Politburo's earlier decisions to expel them from the party.
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Looking under the hood, one will notice a series of cast aluminum plenums. A circular air cleaner is mounted on the bulkhead. The aluminum plenums channel air from the air cleaner to the carburetors.
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For highest fire safety, it is best to assume all drop-ceiling airspaces are plenums, whether or not they are officially designated as one.
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Some valve manufactures use the piston style with a nitrogen control system and external plenums, while others use elastomeric tubes, external pilots, or internal chambers.
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Huairen Hall became the auditorium of the central government, often hosting various art shows and political meetings, including Central Committee plenums before the construction of Jingxi Hotel in 1964.
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JUN manufactures aftermarket performance parts and engines for Japanese cars. They make parts such as piston kits, stroker kits, valves and Plenums. The parts they make are designed to upgrade the performance over standard OEM parts.
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The Central Committee's plenums typically open and close in the State Banquet Hall of the Great Hall of the People, with the working meetings of the plenum being held at the military run Jingxi Hotel in Beijing.
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Hermes Phettberg raised concerns that the LGBT community in Austria was too weak to carry out such an ambitious endeavour. Nevertheless the motion was approved by a solid majority. In: Die Resolutionen des 4. Österreichischen Lesben- und Schwulenforums Alpenglühen, Diskussionsbeiträge und Entscheidungen des Plenums vom 1.
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There can be many variations on the shell and tube design. Typically, the ends of each tube are connected to plenums (sometimes called water boxes) through holes in tubesheets. The tubes may be straight or bent in the shape of a U, called U-tubes. File:U-tube heat exchanger.
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He was empowered to carry out those functions of the State Council that did not require plenums. He also appointed and dismissed the president of the Supreme Court and the prosecutor general whenever the legislature was not in session. In practice, from 1974 onward Ceaușescu frequently ruled by decree.Grosescu, R. (2004).
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HackerspaceSG is run mostly democratically by its membership, under the oversight of two directors. Organisational decisions are discussed and implemented at monthly plenums. Anybody can become a member, and student rates are available. HackerspaceSG is primarily financed through membership dues, but is open to 3rd party sponsorships to fund expansions and renovations.
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In 1922 he participated in the first and second plenums of the Executive Committee of the Communist International. Between 1924 and 1927 he worked at the Comintern headquarters, serving as the editor Kommunistische Internationale in Moscow. He was re- elected to the Czechoslovak National Assembly in the 1925 elections, representing the 4th electoral district.Poslanecká sněmovna.
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UFAD leakage that does not contribute to cooling, leading to wasted increased fan energy. UFAD leakage into the space, contributing to cooling. Leakage in UFAD supply plenums can be a major cause for inefficiency in a UFAD system. There are two types of leakage—leakage into the space and leakage into pathways that bypass the space.
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The Central Policy Research Office () is an institution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China responsible for providing policy recommendations and insights to matters of governance, spanning political, social, and economic realms. It is responsible for drafting the ideology and theories of the Communist Party, as well as various policy pronouncements at major congresses or plenums.
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PVDF is used as piping, sheet, and internal coatings in high-temperature, hot acid, radiation environment applications due to PVDF's resistance characteristics and upper temperature thresholds. As piping, PVDF is rated up to 248 °F (120 °C). Examples of PVDF uses include nuclear reactor waste handling, chemical synthesis and production, (sulfuric acid, common), air plenums, and boiler service pipe.
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However, its actual ability to affect outcomes of national-level personnel decisions is non-existent, as that function has generally been, in practice, carried out by the Kim family and the Politburo. Nonetheless, Central Committee plenums function as venues whereby policy is formally implemented and public announcements made. Decisions are released publicly in the form of "resolutions" or "decisions".
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Under Đỗ Mười, at least three Central Committee plenums were held each year. He introduced order, routine and predictability into the party's political system. Each plenum centered on key issues and discussions took place in an intensive environment. Under Đỗ Mười, the Central Committee plenae focused on national issues rather than on the party as had been the case under Nguyễn Văn Linh.
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Plenums are the central distribution and collection units for an HVAC system. The return plenum carries the air from several large return grilles (vents) or bell mouths to a central air handler. The supply plenum directs air from the central unit to the rooms which the system is designed to heat or cool. They must be carefully planned in ventilation design.
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During that period, it also conducted thirteen Enlarged Plenums of its governing Executive Committee, which had much the same function as the somewhat larger and more grandiose Congresses. Joseph Stalin, head of the Soviet Union, dissolved the Comintern in 1943 to avoid antagonizing his allies in the latter years of World War II, the United States and the United Kingdom.
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The 5th National Congress was postponed several times (it was actually planned to be held in late-1981). The Congress was preceded by two exceptionally lengthy Central Committee plenums. The reason for the congress' postponement was a divided central leadership, factional infighting and corruption within the party. The Central Committee, and the entire Party, had prepared for the 5th National Congress for over a year.
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This type is not safe for work with hazardous chemicals even when exhausted with a "thimble" or canopy to avoid disturbing internal air flow. The Type A2 cabinet, formerly designated A/B3, has a minimum inflow velocity of 100 ft/min. A negative air pressure plenum surrounds all contaminated positive pressure plenums. In other respects, the specifications are identical to those of a Type A1 cabinet.
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Events from the year 1956 in North Korea. Andrei Lankov calls 1956 a turning point in North Korean history. It marked the 3rd Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) followed by two important plenums of the Central Committee of the WPK. The plenum in August became known as the August Faction Incident as Kim Il-sung's opponents unsuccessfully tried to oust him.
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The first Football weekly issue was published May 29, 1960 as a sunday magazine of Sovetsky Sport. Before that, the chairman of Football Federation of the Soviet Union Valentin Granatkin on one of said plenums of the alleged publication of the journal. In 1967, the weekly was renamed the Football-Ice Hockey.Видеоархив ФК «Спартак» (Москва) In an editorial column of this action was justified by the increased popularity of the sport.
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Because the average duration of a Central Committee meeting decreased, and fewer meetings were held, many Central Committee members were unable to speak. Some members consulted the leadership beforehand, to ask to speak during meetings. During the May 1966 Central Committee plenum, Brezhnev openly complained that only one member had asked him personally to be allowed to speak. The majority of speakers at Central Committee plenums were high- standing officials.
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There are two categories of nitrous systems: dry & wet with four main delivery methods of nitrous systems: single nozzle, direct port, plate, and bar used to discharge nitrous into the plenums of the intake manifold. Nearly all nitrous systems use specific orifice inserts, called jets, along with pressure calculations to meter the nitrous, or nitrous and fuel in wet applications, delivered to create a proper air-fuel ratio (AFR) for the additional horsepower desired.
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The protests started with the occupation of the assembly hall of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna by a group of students and teaching staff on 20 October 2009. They protested against the rector's office's introduction of the Bologna process. After declaring solidarity, the Audimax of the University of Vienna was spontaneously occupied on 22 October 2009. Henceforward, plenums, where grass-roots discussions and votings were held, took place in occupied lecture halls.
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On the other hand, there exists something known as an absolute plenum, a space filled with matter, and there can be no motion in a plenum because it is completely full. But, there is not just one monolithic plenum, for existence consists of a multiplicity of plenums. These are the invisibly small "atoms" of Greek atomist theory, later expanded by Democritus (c. 460–370 BC), which allows the void to "exist" between them.
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The administrative activities of the Central Committee are carried out by the Central Committee's General Office. The General Office forms the support staff of the central organs that work on the Central Committee's behalf in between plenums. The Committee usually convenes at least once a year at a plenary session ("plenum"), and functions as a top forum for discussion about relevant policy issues. The Committee operates, however, on the principle of democratic centralism; i.e.
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" Years later, it would be revealed that Brayton (and his teammate Arie Luyendyk), were secretly being penalized by USAC for illegally over-boosting their turbocharger plenums and tampering with the pop- off valves during practice and qualifying. Scott Goodyear was visibly upset in an interview as he said to reporters: "Disbelief is the best word to describe how I feel. I feel like I won this race. The pace-car was going too slow.
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In order to increase safety, significant improvements were made to the track and cars. Wings were reduced in size, fuel tank capacity was reduced, and pop-off valves were added to the turbocharger plenums in order to reduce horsepower and curtail speeds. For the first time in Indy history, the race was scheduled for the Sunday of Memorial Day weekend. This ended the "never on a Sunday" policy previously held from 1911 to 1973.
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The 1990s (especially after Kim Il-sung's death) began a period in which any pretense of following the Charter was dropped. No Central Committee plenums were convened between 1993 and 2010, even though the Charter mandated one to be held at least every six months. As consequence, the composition of the CC at that time remained only an estimate. It was not known which members of the 6th CC were active or even alive.
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Because of this, the Central Committee was commonly considered an indicator for Sovietologists to study the strength of the different institutions. The Politburo was elected by and reported to the Central Committee. Besides the Politburo the Central Committee also elected the Secretariat and the General Secretary, the de facto leader of the Soviet Union. In 1919–1952 the Orgburo was also elected in the same manner as the Politburo and the Secretariat by the plenums of the Central Committee.
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Because of this, the Central Committee was commonly considered an indicator for Sovietologists to study the strength of the different institutions. The Politburo was elected by and reported to the Central Committee. Besides the Politburo, the Central Committee also elected the Secretariat and the General Secretarythe de facto leader of the Soviet Union. In 1919–1952, the Orgburo was also elected in the same manner as the Politburo and the Secretariat by the plenums of the Central Committee.
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Since the death of Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il's accession to the leadership of the country, the Charter has not been adhered to by the party. After the 6th Congress in 1980, Congresses were no longer held every five years as stipulated by the Charter. Neither were plenums of the Central Committee held at regular six month intervals. Kim Jong-il was also elected General Secretary of the party without observing the correct procedure.
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The Open University of Sarajevo was an outspoken advocate of the 2014 Bosnia and Herzegovina social riots and called for the continuation of direct democracy that was established by plenums during and subsequently after the riots. The school runs a Free-to-view platform that streams all of its content online, dubbed in various languages, and archives it on its website and YouTube channel. The organizers negate the term school, preferring to use the term platform.
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Heat exchange systems—often found at power stations—are used due to their mechanical resistance properties which in turn makes de tubular plenums resistant to vibrations.US patent on the use of titanium in thermal interchange processes This in turn allows the tubes to be thinner and hence allow for [heat exchange]. As titanium produces a stainless cover on its surface, it makes it a heat and corrosion resistant medium. Titanium valves are therefore often used in heat critical parts thermal power stations.
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The 1974 USAC Championship Car season consisted of 14 races, beginning in Ontario, California on March 3 and concluding in Avondale, Arizona on November 2. The USAC National Champion was Bobby Unser and the Indianapolis 500 winner was Johnny Rutherford. Due to the events of the 1973 Indianapolis 500 significant improvements were made to the cars for safety concerns. Wings were reduced in size, and pop-off valves were added to the turbocharger plenums in order to reduce horsepower and curtail speeds.
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Most pebble-bed reactor designs contain many reinforcing levels of containment to prevent contact between the radioactive materials and the biosphere: #Most reactor systems are enclosed in a containment building designed to resist aircraft crashes and earthquakes. #The reactor itself is usually in a two-meter-thick-walled room with doors that can be closed, and cooling plenums that can be filled from any water source. #The reactor vessel is usually sealed. #Each pebble, within the vessel, is a hollow sphere of pyrolytic graphite.
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Officially, the Politburo is responsible for conducting its activities as well as deciding on important issues between two Central Committee plenums and should meet once a month. Its members include important state and military leaders, as the Premier and the vice-chairmen of the State Affairs Commission. The Politburo's inner body is the Presidium (formerly the Standing Committee), elected by the WPK Central Committee, in charge of day-to-day party work. It is usually made up of the supreme leader and four other members.
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In between Central Committee plenums, the Politburo and the Secretariat was legally empowered to make decisions on its behalf. The Central Committee (or the Politburo and/or Secretariat in its behalf) could issue nationwide decisions; decisions on behalf of the party were transmitted from the top to the bottom. Under Lenin the Central Committee functioned like the Politburo did during the post-Stalin era, as the party's leading collective organ. However, as the membership in the Central Committee steadily increased, its role was eclipsed by the Politburo.
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In between Central Committee plenums, the Politburo and the Secretariat were legally empowered to make decisions on its behalf. The Central Committee or the Politburo and/or Secretariat on its behalf could issue nationwide decisions; decisions on behalf of the party were transmitted from the top to the bottom. Under Lenin, the Central Committee functioned much as the Politburo did during the post-Stalin era, serving as the party's governing body. However, as the membership in the Central Committee increased, its role was eclipsed by the Politburo.
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The rise of regional party representation came at the expense of that of government ministries. Since Xi Jinping's rise to power at the 18th Party Congress, the Central Committee plenums in 2013 and 2014 were given significant media coverage, as they marked the beginning of another round of comprehensive economic and social reforms (2013) and legal reforms (2014), respectively. In the 2016 Central Committee plenum, the focus was mainly on in-party discipline and supervision, which gained a significant media coverage in China and abroad.
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UFAD is often used in office buildings, particularly highly-reconfigurable and open plan offices where raised floors are desirable for cable management. UFAD is appropriate for a number of different building types including commercials, schools, churches, airports, museums, libraries etc. Notable buildings using UFAD system in North America include The New York Times Building, Bank of America Tower and San Francisco Federal Building. Careful considerations need to be made in the construction phase of UFAD systems to ensure a well-sealed plenum to avoid air leakage in UFAD supply plenums.
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Khrushchev tried to revitalise the Central Committee by hosting several discussions on agriculture at the Central Committee plenums. While no other Presidium members were enthusiastic for such an approach, Khrushchev held several Central Committee meetings from February to March 1954 to discuss agriculture alone. By doing this, Khrushchev was acknowledging a long forgotten fact; the Presidium, the Secretariat and he himself were responsible to the Central Committee. Khrushchev could have gone the other way, since some people were already calling for decreasing the Central Committee's role to "cadres and propaganda alone".
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Sectioned cylinder, showing rotating valves Detail of a Corliss-type valve gear and cylinder cross section showing the path of high-pressure steam (in red) and low-pressure steam (in blue). With each stroke, the four valves alternate opening and closing, driving the piston back and forth Corliss valves open directly into the cylinder. The valves connect the cylinder to separate steam and exhaust plenums. Initially, Corliss used slide valves with linear actuators, but by 1851, Corliss had shifted to semi-rotary valve actuators, as documented in U.S. Patent 8253.
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Numerous work groups were formed, which were the main organisers of the occupation besides the plenums. After 22 October, the protests extended to other universities. On 23 October, the pre-clinic of the University of Graz was occupied by approximately 50 students. On 27 October, facilities at the University of Vienna and the TU Wien, as well as the assembly hall at the University of Klagenfurt and lecture hall 1 at the Johannes Kepler University Linz, were occupied. 28 October saw the occupation of lecture hall 381 at the University of Salzburg by 300 people after a protest rally.
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Diligence is required to make sure that a non-plenum airspace stays that way. A non-plenum airspace can become a plenum airspace by accident if the ductwork is disconnected and not properly repaired and resealed. Ductwork disconnection can occur due to building damage such as earthquakes, aging, or adverse environment causing the metal to corrode and fall apart, or simply negligence on the part of building contractors that leave work unfinished. In all such cases, discovery, and repair of such problems to eliminate unintended plenums is difficult due to the hidden nature, limited space, and difficult access of most installed drop ceilings.
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The City of Chicago has an additional requirement "Chicago Plenum" which requires the housing to be airtight in addition to requiring all wiring and to be sealed off and gasketed from the plenum air space. This housing rating must be used on all recessed luminaires installed in air plenums in the City of Chicago as well as nearby municipalities which have adopted the Chicago amendments to the NEC. The intent of this rating is to prevent potential sparks from escaping the luminaire into the air plenum and getting recirculated in the HVAC system. IEC 60598 has two classifications.
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In 1914, he was hired in Fremtiden, where he was promoted to subeditor in October, and in 1916 he was hired in Ny Tid where he became editor in 1918. Already in 1919, Hilt left Ny Tid to become a manager in the news bureau Arbeidernes Pressekontor. He was also a delegate at the Fourth Comintern Congress in 1922, and participated in the 4th and 7th Enlarged Plenums of the Executive Committee of the Comintern in 1926 and 1927. In 1923, Hilt broke away from the Labour Party, joining the Communist Party. He was elected party secretary in 1925, and was a politburo member from 1926 to 1929.
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CCC members could not concurrently be members of the Central Committee. To create an organizational link between the CCC and other central-level organs, the 9th All-Russian Conference created the joint CC–CCC plenums. The CCC was a powerful organ; the 10th Congress allowed it to expel full and candidate Central Committee members and members of their subordinate organs if two-thirds of attendants at a CC–CCC plenum voted for such. At its first such session in 1921, Lenin tried to persuade the joint plenum to expel Alexander Shliapnikov from the party; instead of expelling him, Shliapnikov was given a severe reprimand.
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Hu Jintao's administration (2002–2012) attempted to embrace collective leadership, as well as more "intra-party democracy"; Hu was not a strong "core" figure in the same sense as Mao or Deng Xiaoping. The Central Committee thus gained more prominence as a bona fide consultation body. In 2003, Hu also cancelled the traditional August leadership retreat at the coastal town of Beidaihe, while giving more media coverage to the Central Committee plenums held in the fall. This was seen as an indication that Hu wanted to eschew informal decision-making by the handful of elites in favour of "inner-party democracy" involving bodies such as the Central Committee.
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Although the Charter is the party's highest document de jure, Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il breached party protocol during their rule by not convening party Congresses or Central Committee plenums. The Central Committee is not a permanent body; it must convene, according to the party's Charter, at least once every six months. The Central Committee is, according to the party's Charter, elected by delegates to a party congress; in practice, however, this has not been the case. According to Article 27 of the Charter, the Central Military Commission (CMC) is the highest party body in military affairs; it commands the Korean People's Army, developing and guiding its weaponry.
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As was the case with the Communist International, formal World Congresses of RILU happened with decreasing frequency over the life of the organization. This stands to reason, since RILU World Congresses were scheduled in conjunction with the World Congresses of the Comintern itself, generally launching upon conclusion of the Comintern event. And just as the Comintern began making use of shorter, smaller, and less formal international conventions called "Enlarged Plenums of the Executive Committee" to handle international policy-making, similar gatherings were adopted for RILU, called "Sessions of the Central Council." The 4th Session of the Central Council, held in Moscow from March 9–15, 1926, began just as the 6th Enlarged Plenum of ECCI came to a close.
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The 1991 512 TR had an upgraded version of the engine used in the Testarossa, maintaining the same cubic capacity of 4.9 L, and had factory type reference number F113D. Changes were made to the porting, with redesigned inlet plenums and larger valves providing more efficient fuel/air mix ingress, whilst the fuel injection and ignition system were changed to a combined Bosch Motronic M2.7 system. For the 1994 F512M the engine was further upgraded with a lightened crankshaft, titanium alloy connecting rods, new pistons and a stainless steel low backpressure exhaust system. The flat-12 production ceased with the F512M, being replaced by the front-engined 550 Maranello which featured the new 65° V12 F133 engine.
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F8 Tributo at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show The F8 Tributo uses the same engine from the 488 Pista, a 3.9 L twin- turbocharged V8 engine which has a power output of and of torque, making it the most powerful conventional V8-powered Ferrari produced to date. Specific intake plenums and manifolds with optimised fluid-dynamics improve the combustion efficiency of the engine, thanks to the reduction of the temperature of the air in the cylinder, which also helps boost power. The increase in performance is provided in a more reactive way thanks to lightening solutions on the rotating masses, such as the F1 derived titanium connecting rods. The exhaust layout and the Inconel manifolds have been completely modified up to the terminals.
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Founded by Ralph C. Liebert (1918-1984) as Capitol Refrigeration Industries in 1946, Liebert Corporation was formed in 1965 as the industry's first designer and manufacturer of computer room air conditioning (CRAC) systems. Targeted to the mainframe computer data-processing market, Liebert CRAC systems were the first totally redundant, self-contained units capable of maintaining air temperature, humidity and air quality within the precision tolerances necessary for media and equipment used in these rooms and taking advantage of the raised floor plenums typically found in such rooms. In 1977, Liebert launched sister company Conditioned Power Corporation to design and manufacture power distribution, conditioning and monitoring systems for the data processing industry. The company remained a wholly owned subsidiary until 1981, when it became a division of Liebert Corporation upon the company's initial public offering.
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It was Beria, through an official pronouncement by the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) and not by the Central Committee or the Council of Ministers, who renounced the Doctor's Plot as a fraud. Beria was no easy man to defeat, and his ethnicisation policies (that a local or republican leaders had to have ethnic origins, and speak the language of the given area) proved to be a tool to strengthen the MVD's grip on local party organs. Khrushchev and Malenkov, who had begun receiving information which stated that the MVD had begun spying on party officials, started to act in the spring of 1953. Beria was defeated at the next Presidium plenums by a majority against him, and not long after, Khrushchev and Malenkov started to plan Beria's fall from power.
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Each five-year cycle of the National People's Congress also has a series of plenums of the Central Committee which since the mid-1990s have been held more or less regularly once every year. Since the mid-1980s, the Communist Party has attempted to maintain a smooth and orderly succession and avoiding a cult of personality, by having a major shift in personnel every ten years in even number party congresses, and by promoting people in preparation for this shift in odd number party congresses. In addition, as people at the top level of the party retire, there is room for younger members of the party to move up one level. Hence the party congress is a time of a general personnel reshuffle, and the climax of negotiations that involve not only the top leadership but practically all significant political positions in China.
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Aristarch Gavrilovic laid the glorious traditions of the 1974 continued to associate the Chuvash Pedagogical Institute, member of the Association of Composers of Chuvashia, Honored Artist ChASSR P. G. Fedorov. When Peter G. Radio and Television Choir under his direction has performed in concert halls in Moscow, Minsk, Ufa, Izhevsk, Kazan, Gorky and other cultural centers of the Soviet Union, promoting the Chuvash choral art. In 1986, conductor Maurice Yaklashkin headed choir. In 1988, in the magazine "Soviet Music" was noted: > You have now probably the best team of its kind in the Volga region and, > perhaps, in the USSR, led truly dedicated M.N.Yaklashkin At the invitation of the Secretariat of the Union of Composers of the Russian Federation the Choir performed at the congresses and plenums composers of the Chuvashia and the Russian Federation in the Rakhmaninov's Hall of the Moscow Conservatory, at the Column's Hall, at the House of composers & writers, concert hall "Russia" in Nizhny Novgorod, in Kazan, Tyumen, Ufa, Ulyanovsk and Saransk.
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While the headquarters of the PPTUS was nominally located in Shanghai, in actuality the "home office" of the organization (as its leading functionaries referred to it) was Moscow — headquarters city of the Comintern and Profintern and location of the various World Congresses and Enlarged Plenums of these organizations.Josephine Fowler, "To Be Red and Oriental": The Experiences of Japanese and Chinese Immigrant Communists in American and International Communist Movements, 1919-1933: Volume 1. PhD dissertation, University of Minnesota, 2003; pg. 132. It was from there whence financial resources flowed and where organizational decisions were debated and determined, with representatives of the various constituent Communist and trade unions living permanently in Moscow's Hotel Lux.Fowler, "To Be Red and Oriental," pp. 133-134. Historian E. H. Carr counts two early successes of the Pan-Pacific Trade Union Secretariat: the adhesion of the 70,000 member Philippine national trade union congress in June 1927 and the Australian Council of Trade Unions, claiming 500,000 members, in August of that same year.
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Ferrari 348 Spider In late 1993, the 348 was revised, featuring subtle styling changes (front grille, rear chrome Cavallino and removable seat cushions) and more power, this time and (Europe) from the same 3.4-litre engine, with an improved engine management system - Bosch Motronic 2.7 and a new exhaust system (single muffler). The revised cars are called 348 GTB (252 made) and GTS (137 made) and were presented to the public as the 348 GT versions, equipped with the F119H engine (as opposed to the original F119D and US F119G). The F119H engine had an increased 10.8:1 compression ratio as compared to the F119D & F119G's 10.4:1 compression ratio, taller intake plenums, a larger intake compensation valve, fuel pressure raised from 3.4 bar to 3.8 bar, and different camshaft timing. For these models, both the engine cover and lower body skirts were body-coloured instead of black, and the rear track was one inch wider due to the mounting area, on the inside, of the rear wheels being thicker.
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Built in 1959 for the 10th anniversary of the People’s Republic, the hotel soon became a place for top-level meetings. It has been the venue of plenary sessions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and has witnessed historical events, such as the "show trial" of General Chen Zaidao during the Cultural Revolution, the decision to crack down on the Gang of Four, as well as a meeting held less than three weeks after the military crushed the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, where the Central Committee affirmed that the party had “achieved a decisive victory in stopping the unrest and quelling the counter-revolutionary rebellion.” Other important meetings to have taken place here include the pivotal 3rd Plenum of the 11th Central Committee in 1978, when China embarked on economic reforms, and the 3rd and 4th Plenums of the 18th Central Committee under the auspices of Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China. The closest subway station is Military Museum Station, on Line 1 and Line 9 of the Beijing Subway.
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While these committees criticized past policies or well-known deficiencies, none of them criticized the policies of the central party leadership. General Secretary Trường Chinh in a speech to the Hồ Chí Minh City Party Organization admitted to "serious shortcomings and mistakes" by the central party leaders in economic leadership, and criticized the imposition of a superstructure on Vietnam's current conditions. Trường Chinh endorsed the program of the 8th plenum of the 5th Central Committee and "new economic concepts", but told the attendees that the 5th Politburo had undertaken a systematic assessment of economic policies, which included the continuation of a mixed economy, the acceptance of private ownership for the foreseeable future, the need to end bureaucratic centralism, and the need for decentralization in economic decision-making. In his speech to the 4th Congress of the Hồ Chí Minh City Party Organization, Nguyễn Văn Linh, a member of the 5th Politburo and 5th Secretariat, endorsed the platforms of 6th, 7th and 8th plenums of the 5th Central Committee while supporting the conclusion reached at the 10th plenum of the 5th Central Committee.
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Ferrari asked what was his proposal, to which he suggested returning to racing in the GT class, something which had been interrupted after the 512 BB LM. The overall permission to modify the GTO road car into the Evoluzione for a racing programme however had to be ratified by Eugenio Alzati. He permitted it on conditions that the engineers interested in the project work outside of the Monday to Friday timetable (which was dedicated for development of 328 and other models). The lessons learnt during the development of the engine for the Lancia LC2 could be applied to the racing version of the GTO, such as the carefully engineered conicity of the intake plenums to ensure accurately balanced air flow and pressure to each cylinder and the setup of the turbochargers to produce in excess of 650 bhp. The GTO Evoluzione included all the necessary modifications (bodywork, chassis, safety systems) to comply with the FIA regulations which permitted 20 cars per year to be specifically built for rally or track racing.
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