The Otoe come up in puzzles a lot as well.
|
|
One college senior founded a direct-to-consumer beef company in Otoe County, Neb.
|
|
I somehow knew that ARIAS were the unlikely Top 40 songs of 33A, and that gave me the first I. I already had the middle letter E from MEET IN THE MIDDLE, and I quickly got OTOE for 41A because it's always OTOE, isn't it?
|
|
There is some crosswordese in his grid (NENE, OGEE, OTOE, TEC), but overall, this was a nice way to open our solving week.
|
|
Shotton is chairman Otoe-Missouria Tribe The views expressed on the Congress Blog are the author's own and not the views of The Hill.
|
|
As chairman of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe, I and my fellow Tribal Council Members are ultimately responsible for ensuring the well-being and success of our people and government.
|
|
His next step should be to fine tune his word list, as there are some entries that solvers in the United States might look at and deem "gluey," like ULNA, I CAN, OTOE and OR NOT.
|
|
The Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Oklahoma's Otoe Language Program teaches weekly classes in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and Red Rock, Oklahoma."Otoe Language Program." The Otoe-Missouria Tribe. Retrieved 11 Feb 2012.
|
|
Paap, Verena, and Loris Roettger. "Otoe--Otoe County". Nebraska... Our Towns. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
|
|
Otoe is a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 171 at the 2010 census.
|
|
Otoe County Book Committee, et al. Otoe County History. (1983). p. 26 The Minersville post office was discontinued in 1923.
|
|
At most three tribal members still speak the Otoe or Chiwere language; however, the tribe has a program to revitalize the language. Language classes are held weekly in Edmond, Oklahoma."Otoe Language Program". The Otoe–Missouria Tribe.
|
|
The county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.5%) is water. Otoe County derives its name from the Otoe Indians, who lived in the area.
|
|
The Iowa, or Ioway, originated in the Great Lakes region. They are thought, along with the Ho-Chunk, Otoe, and Missouria tribes, to have once been a single tribe. In the 16th century, the Iowa, Otoe, and Missouria broke away from that tribe and moved to the south and west.May, John D. Otoe-Missouria.
|
|
Wyoming is an unincorporated community in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States.
|
|
Merrill made a lasting contribution by translating the Bible and other works into Otoe. The missionary work was arduous, as the couple tried to protect the Otoe from mercenary traders and unsympathetic settlers, as well as competing Indian factions. Merrill traveled frequently, as the Otoe territory extended to the Elkhorn River. In 1839 he contracted tuberculosis, from which he died in 1840.
|
|
The Otoe–Missouria Tribe of Indians is a single, federally recognized tribe, located in Oklahoma. The tribe is made up of Otoe and Missouria Indians. Traditionally they spoke the Chiwere language, part of the Siouan language family.
|
|
Nebraska's name is the result of anglicization of the archaic Otoe words Ñí Brásge, pronounced (contemporary Otoe Ñí Bráhge), or the Omaha Ní Btháska, pronounced , meaning "flat water", after the Platte River which flows through the state.
|
|
Most survivors reunited with the Otoe, while some joined the Osage and Kansa. After a smallpox outbreak in 1829, fewer than 100 Missouria survived, and they all joined the Otoe. They signed treaties with the US government in 1830 and 1854 to cede their lands in Missouri. They relocated to the Otoe-Missouria reservation, created on the Big Blue River at the Kansas-Nebraska border.
|
|
In 1962, Warrior married Della Hopper (Otoe- Missouria). The couple had two daughters.
|
|
Paul is an unincorporated community in Otoe County, Nebraska, in the United States.
|
|
Merrill immediately took up studying the Otoe language and later translated parts of the Bible and some hymns into Otoe. When the US Government removed the Otoe to a location southwest of Bellevue near the mouth of the Platte River, the Merrills followed to remain with them. They first used a log cabin provided by the government."Moses Merrill, 1803-1840, papers", Nebraska State Historical Society, 17 May 2008, accessed 9 Aug 2008 In 1835 they quickly established a school and church for the Otoe tribe, whose nearest village and cemetery lay a quarter of a mile directly southeast.
|
|
Otoe County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 15,740. Its county seat is Nebraska City. The county was formed in 1854, and was named tor the Otoe Indian tribe.
|
|
In 1835 the Merrills founded the first Christian mission in Nebraska Territory to serve the Otoe.
|
|
Anna Lee Walters (born September 9, 1946, Pawnee, Oklahoma) is an award- winning Pawnee/Otoe-Missouria author.
|
|
Robert Small (Otoe, Wolf Clan) and Julia Small (Otoe), "Dore and Wahredua," in Alanson Skinner, "Traditions of the Iowa Indians," The Journal of American Folklore, vol. 38, #150 (Oct.-Dec., 1925): 427-506 [440-441]. and Hocągara (Winnebago) (whose ethnology was recorded by anthropologist Paul Radin, 1908–1912).
|
|
Palmyra is a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 545 at the 2010 census.
|
|
Syracuse is a city in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 1,942 at the 2010 census.
|
|
Talmage is a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 233 at the 2010 census.
|
|
Unadilla is a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 311 at the 2010 census.
|
|
Burr is a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 57 at the 2010 census.
|
|
Douglas is a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 173 at the 2010 census.
|
|
Dunbar is a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 187 at the 2010 census.
|
|
Lorton is a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 41 at the 2010 census.
|
|
According to the ethnographer James Mooney, the population of the tribe was about 200 families in 1702; 1000 people in 1780; 300 in 1805; 80 in 1829, when they were living with the Otoe; and 13 in 1910. Since then, their population numbers are combined with those of the Otoe.
|
|
Funke served as a county court judge from 2007 to 2013 in Otoe and Sarpy Counties, and as a district court judge in Otoe and Cass Counties from 2013 to 2016. He was appointed county court judge in 2007 and district court judge in 2013 by former Governor Dave Heineman.
|
|
Truman Washington Dailey, (October 19, 1898 - December 16, 1996) also known as Mashi Manyi ("Soaring High") and Sunge Hka ("White Horse"), was the last native speaker of the Otoe-Missouria dialect of Chiwere (Baxoje-Jiwere- Nyut'achi), a Native American language. He was a member of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians.
|
|
Truman Dailey died on December 16, 1996, and was buried next to her in the Otoe-Missouria Tribal Cemetery.
|
|
The Midland Pacific Railway was a railroad operating in the Nebraska counties of Lancaster, Nemaha, Otoe, Seward, and York.
|
|
Before becoming a politician, Alevras was employed at the Bank of Greece. He was a prominent syndicalist and a key figure in the foundation of OTOE (Federation of Bank Employee Organizations of Greece) in 1955. OTOE united all relevant trade unions along the lines of craft unionism with Alevras at its head for several years.
|
|
Harmony School, School District #53, built in 1879, is an historic Carpenter Gothic-style country one-room schoolhouse located in rural Otoe County, Nebraska, near Nebraska City. The building was used for its intended purpose until 1997 when it was closed. It is now privately owned.State of Nebraska official website for National Register Sites in Otoe CountyImage of Harmony School on State of Nebraska official website for National Register Sites in Otoe County On July 22, 2005, Harmony School was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
|
|
Red Rock (Otoe: Íno Súje pronounced , meaning "Rock Red") is a town in northern Noble County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 283 at the 2010 census, a decline from 293 at the 2000 census. The headquarters of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians is located in Red Rock.Betty L. Waters, "Red Rock," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture.
|
|
A year after the move, the Merrills' first mission cabin burned down. They built a larger house to replace it, where they also ran a school. Soon after, Merrill encouraged the Otoe to move from their long-occupied village near Yutan to his mission. The Merrills established a school for Otoe children and held church services there.
|
|
Otoe is located at (40.724587, -96.120554). According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , all land.
|
|
On the other hand, Ngäbes love to bestow Ngäbe names on trusted outsiders to share their culture and indicate acceptance, and will refer to that person exclusively by his or her Ngäbe name. Ngäbe communities also have two names, one in Spanish and one in Ngäbere, which often correspond with each other, but not always. For example, "Cerro Otoe" (Otoe Mountain) and "Tätobta" (Beside Otoe Peak), "Llano Ñopo" (Spaniard Plain) and "Suliakwatabti" (On top of Spaniard Plain/Flesh). Many other communities have place names that are either untranslatable proper nouns or names whose translations have been lost.
|
|
Otoe County lies on the east side of Nebraska. Its east boundary line abuts the west boundary lines of the states of Iowa and Missouri (across the Missouri River). The terrain of Otoe County consists of rolling hills which drop down to the river basin, and rich soil. The area is largely devoted to agriculture (corn, soybeans, milo, wheat, and fruit orchards).
|
|
Since Indian removal, today they live primarily in Oklahoma. They are federally recognized as the Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, based in Red Rock, Oklahoma.
|
|
Siouan: Wakan Tanka or Wakan is also known as Wakanda in the Omaha-Ponca, Ioway-Otoe-Missouri, Kansa and Osage languages; and Wakatakeh in Quapaw.
|
|
232–233 In the 1892 Indian Affairs report, the Otoe report was submitted by Indian Agent D.J.M. Wood, and the population was counted as 362, living on . Helen P. Clark had already made allotments to many Otoe. The Ghost Dance, which the agent refers to as "The Messiah Craze", was quashed by arresting one participant named Buffalo Black .Commissioner of Indian Affairs (1892) pp.
|
|
Tribal territory of the Otoe The Moses Merrill Mission, also known as the Oto Mission, was located about eight miles west of Bellevue, Nebraska. It was built and occupied by Moses and Eliza Wilcox Merrill, the first missionaries resident in Nebraska. The first building was part of facilities built in 1835 when the United States Government removed the Otoe about eight miles southwest of Bellevue.Federal Writers Project.
|
|
Retrieved 1/28/08.Foster, L.M. (1965) "The Nemaha Half-Breed Reservation, 1830–1860", Ioway Cultural Institute. Retrieved 1/28/08. Since the land belonged exclusively to the Otoe prior to the exchange, the government worked to secure agreement by the Omaha, Iowa, and Yankton and Santee bands of Sioux to pay the Otoe $3000 for the rights of their "half-breeds" to live on the reservation.
|
|
MacFarlane Group previously assisted the Tribe with underwriting and call center support for American Web Loan, one of the Tribe's financial services companies. On May 20, 2019, the NCUA presented a federal credit union charter to the Otoe-Missouria Federal Credit Union in Red Rock, Oklahoma. The Otoe-Missouria Federal Credit Union will serve approximately 4,200 members and employees of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe. A study completed by the Taylor Policy Group concluded that the Tribe's efforts to diversify its economy resulted in a massive economic impact to Oklahoma and surrounding areas, including over $45 million in direct compensation to employees across the Tribe's various enterprises.
|
|
Fukagawa is growing largely in Otoe, anchored by its Roadside Station, which is the third-busiest in Hokkaido, according to an article in the Hokkaido Shimbun.
|
|
Retrieved 24 Jan 2012. For well over a century, since 1881, an annual Otoe–Missouria Encampment is held every third weekend in July near Red Rock, Oklahoma.
|
|
The Otoe left the mission and moved to a new village.(2007) "Nebraska National Register Sites in Sarpy County". Nebraska State Historical Society. Retrieved 7/13/07.
|
|
A 1925 edition is available for download at University of Nebraska—Lincoln Digital Commons. Passenger rail service to Otoe was discontinued in 1932; despite this setback, the town continued to grow, reaching its maximum historical population of 298 in the 1940 census. Following World War II, the population began to decline. In 1958, the high school was closed; in the 1960s, the railroad line through Otoe was abandoned.
|
|
Camp Creek School, Otoe County District No. 54, in Otoe County, Nebraska near Nebraska City, Nebraska, was built in 1870–75. Its building is one of few surviving one-room schoolhouses in Nebraska. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It is a one-story brick building, built in 1870–75, which was covered in stucco between 1922 and 1924 because the brick was detiorating.
|
|
He was born on October 19, 1898, on the Otoe-Missouria reservation in Oklahoma Territory. His father, George Washington Dailey, was a member of the Eagle Clan of the Missouria and belonged to a traditionalist group within the combined Otoe-Missouria tribe called the "Coyote Band." As a result, Truman Dailey was well-versed in the traditional lore of his people. Dailey attended Oklahoma A&M; College until 1922.
|
|
Los Angeles Times. His mother's ancestry was from the Iowa and Otoe-Missouria tribes of Oklahoma. He is a United States Marine Corps veteran of the Korean War.
|
|
First the Pawnee and the Otoe arrived in the area. There were subsequent arrivals of the Sac & Fox and the Iowa, followed by the Winnebago and the Sioux.
|
|
Kay, John, Lonnie Dickson, Robert Kay, and Kathleen Fimple. "Nebraska Historic Buildings Survey--Reconnaissance Survey Final Report of Otoe County, Nebraska". Nebraska State Historical Society. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
|
|
Oketo was incorporated as a city in 1870. It was named for a chief of the Otoe tribe. The first post office in Oketo was established in May 1873.
|
|
The tribe operates its own housing authority and issues tribal vehicle tags. They own two gas stations, two smoke shops, two financial services companies, and five casinos. The estimated annual economic impact of the Otoe–Missouria Tribe is $156.30 million. The Otoe–Missouria casinos are 7 Clans Paradise Casino in Red Rock; First Council Casino in Newkirk, and Lil' Bit of Paradise Casino—Chilocco, also in Newkirk; and Lil' Bit of Paradise Casino—Red Rock, in Red Rock.
|
|
The Des Moines as it was depicted in 1718 by Guillaume Delisle; modern Iowa highlighted. One of the earliest French maps that depicts the Des Moines (1703) refers to it as "R. des Otentas," which translates to "River of the Otoe"; the Otoe Tribe lived in the interior of Iowa in the 18th century.Lahontan, Louis Armand de Lom d'Arce (1703) Carte de la Riviere Longue: et de Quelques Autres, qui se Dechargent dans le Grand Fleuve de Mississippi.
|
|
The tornado passed into Otoe County, disappearing just west of Palmyra at 9:10. The tornado had a path length of about 54 miles, and was on the ground for 100 minutes.
|
|
In Nebraska it extended into Jefferson County, which was earlier called Jones County, and Gage County. Altogether it comprised 250 sections totaling ."Otoe Reservation" , Old West Trails Center. Retrieved 11/29/08.
|
|
According to historian Addison Erwin Sheldon, the French knew of the Otoe and Missouri tribes in Nebraska as early as 1673.Sheldon, et al. (19--) Nebraska history, Volumes 4-5 . Nebraska State Historical Society.
|
|
In the Nebraska license plate system, Otoe County is represented by the prefix 11 (it had the eleventh-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
|
|
In 1879, a new treaty with the federal government gave it the legal control to allow the Otoe to sell the reservation for tribal annuities, and relocate to "Indian country"Oklahoma. In the fall of 1882, the rest of the tribe moved to Red Rock, Oklahoma, the reservation was disbanded, and the "undeveloped" land was put for sale. The few remaining Otoes were of mixed background and quickly integrated with the new settlers, most notably the Barnes's of French and Otoe background."Odell - Gage County", University of Nebraska. Retrieved 11/29/08.
|
|
During the 1960s, Dailey worked at Disneyland as the announcer for the American Indian programs. When Walt Disney hired him, he allowed Dailey to use one of his own Indian names in the show, simply changing it to "Chief White Horse". During this time he also appeared on The Steve Allen Show. After leaving California, he and Lavina returned to Oklahoma in 1970, where he taught the Otoe-Missouria language in tribal classes and later served as a consultant for the University of Missouri native language project, in order to record Otoe-Missouria for posterity.
|
|
The first permanent settlement at Nehawka was made in 1855. Nehawka was platted in 1887 when a new railroad line was extended to that point. Nehawka is derived from an Omaha and Otoe Indian name meaning "rustling water".
|
|
I, No. 4. Larry S. Watson, Editor. p 13-16. It was re- established in 1837 for the Otoe, Missouria, Omaha, and Pawnee, who were some of the Native American peoples previously assigned to the Upper Missouri Agency.
|
|
She next worked with the Otoe-Missourias, but the work stalled when her gender fueled complaints that she was not a qualified agent. When the Blackfeet Reservation was allotted beginning in 1907, Helen was passed over for the job.
|
|
The basin has a total area of approximately , and includes much of southeastern Nebraska. The name 'Nemaha' originates in the Ioway-Otoe-Missouria phrase ñí-máha, which means 'water- soil' and refers to the muddy water at corn-planting time.
|
|
The fate of Bourgmont's Missouria son is unknown, as the last record of him is in 1724.Norall, pp. 87-88 Missouria, Otoe, and Ponca Indians. Bourgmont and his French wife, Jacqueline, had four children, all of whom died young.
|
|
Chiwere (also called Iowa-Otoe-Missouria or Báxoje-Jíwere-Ñút'achi) is a Siouan language originally spoken by the Missouria, Otoe, and Iowa peoples, who originated in the Great Lakes region but later moved throughout the Midwest and plains. The language is closely related to Ho-Chunk, also known as Winnebago. Non-Native Christian missionaries first documented Chiwere in the 1830s, but since then not much material has been published about the language. Chiwere suffered a steady decline after extended European-American contact in the 1850s, and by 1940 the language had almost totally ceased to be spoken.
|
|
Babb with her husband James Wong Howe Sanora Babb was born in Otoe territory in what is now Oklahoma, though neither her mother nor father were of the Otoe group of native Americans. Her father, Walter,Biography at the Harry Ransom Center a professional gambler, moved Sanora and her sister Dorothy to a one-room dugout on a broomcorn farm settled by her grandfather near Lamar, Colorado. Her experiences were fictionalized in her novels An Owl on Every Post and The Lost Traveler. She did not start attending school until she was 11, and she graduated from high school as valedictorian.
|
|
A new casino was opened in May 2016 in Perry, Oklahoma."Tribal Enterprises". The Otoe–Missouria Tribe. (retrieved 19 May 2011) In October 2016, through a deal reached with Macfarlane Group CEO Mark E. Curry, the Tribe acquired technology vendor MacFarlane Group.
|
|
R. P. Studley & Company. p 194. Located on the west side of the Missouri River, it developed as one of the first European-American settlements in Nebraska. The Post served as a center for trading with local Omaha, Otoe, Missouri, and Pawnee tribes.
|
|
Oral History and Language. Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma. (retrieved 23 Feb 2009) A 2012 NSF grant was used to provide digital access to existing audio recordings of fluent speakers. The Third Annual Otoe-Missouria Language and Culture Day is planned for September 2012.
|
|
Farrar, J. "Indian Cave State Park" , Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. Retrieved 8/9/08. In 1840, Joseph Deroin set up a trading post along the river's edge at the mouth of the Platte River, at the main village of the Otoe.
|
|
Its mission statement emphasizes its intention to work closely with the Native communities of the region. Their director is Della Warrior (Otoe- Missouria)."Indian Education Leader Della Warrior to Direct Museum of Indian Arts and Culture/New Mexico Laboratory of Anthropology." Southwest Indian Archaeology Today.
|
|
Morrison was born in Gravette, Arkansas. His mother, Diana, was Native American (half Ponca and half Otoe) while his father Tim was of mostly Scottish ancestry. Morrison was raised in Delaware County, Oklahoma, spending most of his teenage years in Jay. Retrieved 2014-12-02.
|
|
In Belize, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama, taro is eaten in soups, as a replacement for potatoes, and as chips. It is known locally as malanga (also malanga coco) and dasheen in Belize and Costa Rica, quiquizque in Nicaragua, and as otoe in Panama.
|
|
The Missouria or Missouri (in their own language, Niúachi, also spelled Niutachi) are a Native American tribe that originated in the Great Lakes region of what is now the United States before European contact.May, John D. "Otoe-Missouria" Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History & Culture. 2009 (5 February 2015) The tribe belongs to the Chiwere division of the Siouan language family, together with the Iowa and Otoe. Historically, the tribe lived in bands near the mouth of the Grand River at its confluence with the Missouri River; the mouth of the Missouri at its confluence with the Mississippi River, and in present-day Saline County, Missouri.
|
|
Omaha's location near the confluence of the Missouri River and Platte River has long made the location a key point of transfer for both people and goods. Since the 17th century, the Pawnee, Otoe, Sioux, and Ioway all variously occupied the land that became Omaha. During the late 18th and early 19th centuries when they were the most powerful Indians along the stretch of the Missouri River north of the Platte, the Omaha nation moved on the western edge of present-day Bellevue, Nebraska. Prior to European-American establishment of the city, numerous Indian tribes had inhabited the area, including the Pawnee, Otoe, Sioux, the Missouri and Ioway.
|
|
During the 1970s, other Native American designers began to make a name for themselves during the Indian and Natural movements, such as Jewel Gilham (Blackfeet) and Remonia Jacobsen (Otoe-Iowa). Gilham catered to working women, designing pantsuits and long dresses made of polyester fabrics with felt insets depicting geometric figures and native motifs. Jacobsen's work featured loose-fitting dresses featuring decorative techniques, such as embroidered ribbonwork in the Otoe and Iowa style, appliqué drawing on Seminole traditions, buckskin leggings patterned on Kiowa designs, as well as influences from Pueblo and Sioux decorative silhouettes. Fueled by the American Indian and Civil Rights Movement, countercultural consumers found appeal in Gilham and Jacobsen's work.
|
|
Fletch Taylor Find A GraveSan Francisco Call April 24, 1912} McWaters then fled to Wyoming Whether the state or the now defunct town in Otoe County, Nebraska, is unknown here. where he married Susie Davis, Fletch Taylor's former fiancée on December 31, 1868, in Otoe County, Nebraska.Lds marriage record In early February 1873, McWaters and two other men, Woodson and Lacy, had a quarrel with the Wyoming, Nebraska deputy postmaster, a Dr. Wolf (or Wolfe) and later severely assaulted him while he was alone in the post office. The group then rifled through the mail only leaving after failing to find anything of value.
|
|
Annette Arkeketa is an enrolled member of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Oklahoma. She is also Muscogee Creek. She conducts professional workshops in poetry, playwriting, the creative process, script consultant, and documentary film making. She is also director of Native American film studies at Comanche Nation College.
|
|
In the 18th century, the area around the confluence of the Platte and the Loup Rivers was used by a variety of Native American tribes, including Pawnee, Otoe, Ponca, and Omaha.Olson, James C. and Ronald C. Naugle. History of Nebraska. University of Nebraska Press. 1997. p. 32.
|
|
Before the southwest corner of Gage County was home to Odell, it was part of the Otoe Indian Reservation. Odell was laid out in 1880 when the railroad was extended to that point. The community was named after LeGrand Odell, an original owner of the town site.
|
|
Native Americans, including Omaha, Pawnee, Otoe, Sioux, Missouria and Ioway, have occupied the area for thousands of years. As the city of Omaha has grown, it has thrived from the contributions of people from nations around the world.(nd) Ethnic groups in Nebraska . USGenWeb.net. Retrieved 6/7/07.
|
|
Retrieved 2/18/08. Where the park sits has been the site of exploration, expansion and now, recreation. Lewis and Clark reportedly discovered conspicuous earthen mounds when they explored the location in 1804. Historians speculate the mounds may have been natural or the remains of an Otoe village.
|
|
A hospital to care for the Ponca, Pawnee, Kaw, Otoe, and Tonkawa people opened January 15, 1931. A new school building at the Osage Agency opened in 1932. The federal government built a reservoir named Pawnee Lake in 1932. A new county courthouse was also built in 1932.
|
|
Curry founded the MacFarlane Group in 2010. The MacFarlane Group was a professional services firm that focused on back office support, innovation in product and service models, and technological resources. In October 2016, the Otoe-Missouria Tribe, an American Indian tribe in Oklahoma, announced its acquisition of MacFarlane Group.
|
|
The Orr Focus sites are located in the same area that the early French explorers and fur traders found the Ioway Native American tribe. Archaeologists are in general agreement that the Orr Phase pottery represents the Prehistoric cultural remains of the Ioway tribe, as well as the closely related Otoe tribe.
|
|
That night they camped in an area that is Eppley Airfield today.(2007) "History at a glance" , Douglas County Historical Society. Retrieved 2/2/08. The expedition stopped at a point about 20 miles (30 km) north of present-day Omaha, at which point they first met with the Otoe.
|
|
It is believed that the area had first been inhabited by a Native American tribe. The village was incorporated on May 4, 1857. A couple years later James Carmichael bought the town and renamed it "Otoe City". In the early 1860s a small coal deposit was found near the village.
|
|
It became a well-known post in the region. In 1833, Moses P. Merill established a mission among the Otoe Indians. The Moses Merill Mission was sponsored by the Baptist Missionary Union. The Presbyterian missionary John Dunbar built a settlement by the Pawnee Indian's main village in 1841 by modern-day Fremont, Nebraska.
|
|
The two were arrested the next day. Hoffman was charged with first degree murder and sent to the gallows, Bell was sentenced to ten years of hard labor in exchange for his testimony. On Friday, July 22, 1887 at 10:32, David Hoffman became the first person legally executed in Otoe County.
|
|
Yutan was originally called Clear Creek, and under the latter name was platted in 1876 when the Omaha and Republican Valley Railroad was extended to that point. It was renamed in 1884 after Ietan, an Otoe Indian chief. A 1925 edition is available for download at University of Nebraska—Lincoln Digital Commons.
|
|
Ultimately, the city council decided in February 1956 to widen Hamilton and Otoe streets which would move Iowa 29 one block to the east. The straightened route opened in July 1957. Later in 1957, as I-29 was in the planning stages, the Iowa State Highway Commission renumbered Iowa 29 to Iowa 7\.
|
|
Wednesday, September 1, 1880. Volume XV, Issue 277, p. 8. The convention named Rev. C. M. Brown (Lancaster County) president; J. Gordon (Otoe County), J. Smith (Washington County), John Lewis (Douglas County), and L. W. Washington (Merrick County) as vice presidents; Frank Bellamy (Douglas County), and Benjamin Fulton (Douglas County) as Secretaries.
|
|
Old Fort Kearny; Otoe County Historical Society, Historical Land Mark Council; East Central Avenue, Nebraska City; Otoe County, Marker 36; Nebraska Dept of Transportation; Lincoln, Nebraska; obtained 2016 The Army constructed a two-story wooden blockhouse on the site, which became known as Camp Kearny and later Fort Kearny. The Army quickly realized, however, the location was not chosen well, since few emigrants passed the site on their way west. Instead, the main routes of the trails preferred by emigrants lay to the north near Omaha and to the south. Construction was subsequently halted on the site, with the exception of the erection of a number of log huts for temporary quarters for a battalion of troops who wintered there in 1847-1848\.
|
|
To provide for the sale of a portion of the reservation of the Confederated Otoe and Missouri and the Sac and Foxes of the Missouri Tribes of Indians in the States of Kansas and Nebraska. Regular veto. Overridden by Senate, 36–0. Overridden by House, 120-18 and enacted as over the president's veto.
|
|
Warrior increased funding by three hundred percent, helping to raise over one hundred million dollars over a 12-year time period. In June 2013, Della Warrior was selected as the new director of the New Mexico Museum of Indian Arts and Culture."Della Warrior, Otoe-Missouria, to lead New Mexico museum." indians.com. June 14, 2013.
|
|
The park is divided into two areas by the reservoir's southeastern arm: the Hell Creek Area on the west side and the Otoe Area on the east side. The Hell Creek Area hosts a marina. Both areas include hiking trails, swimming beaches, boat ramps, and camping facilities. Wilson Lake is open to sport fishing.
|
|
By 1890 most of the Coyote band rejoined the Quakers on their reservation. Under the Dawes Act, by 1907 members of the tribes were registered and allotted individual plots of land per household. The US declared any excess communal land of the tribe as "surplus" and sold it to European-American settlers. The tribe merged with the Otoe tribe.
|
|
There were numerous Indian tribes living in Iowa at the time of early European exploration. Tribes which were probably descendants of the prehistoric Oneota include the Dakota, Ho-Chunk, Ioway, and Otoe. Tribes which arrived in Iowa in the late prehistoric or protohistoric periods include the Illiniwek, Meskwaki, Omaha, and Sauk.Alex, Lynn M. (2000) Iowa's Archaeological Past.
|
|
The Pawnee are thought to have descended from the Protohistoric Lower Loup Culture;"Emergence of Historic Tribes: The Lower Loup Culture". NebraskaStudies.Org. Retrieved 2010-01-09. the Otoe had moved from central Iowa into the lower Platte Valley in the early 18th century;"Emergence of Historic Tribes: The Oto & Missouria Tribes". NebraskaStudies.Org. Retrieved 2009-01-09.
|
|
The mansion functions as a museum and contains many items related to the early history of Nebraska, Otoe County, and Nebraska City. The park includes an arboretum, Italian terraced garden, log cabin, carriage house with early carriages, walking trails, and 200 varieties of lilacs. Since 2014, the state park has been managed by the Arbor Day Foundation.
|
|
Kintner was elected to the Nebraska Legislature in 2012 from the 2nd District, which consisted of all of Cass County, part of Sarpy County, and a small portion of Otoe County including part of Nebraska City. He served on the Appropriations committee. Kintner described himself as a "Reagan conservative" and not a "Christian conservative".Winter, Deena.
|
|
Similarly, a common folk etymology of Báxoje is "dusty noses," based on the misunderstanding of the first syllable bá as pá, or "nose."GoodTracks, Jimm (1992) Baxoje-Jiwere-Nyut'aji - Ma'unke: Iowa-Otoe- Missouria Language to English. Boulder, CO: Center for the Study of the Languages of the Plains and Southwest. (also) GoodTracks, Jimm (16 August 2008), personal communication.
|
|
Eagle of Delight, also called Hayne Hudjihini in Chiwere (b. c. 1795 - d. 1822), was one of the five wives of Chief Shaumonekusse of the Otoe tribe in the first quarter of the 19th century."Shaumonekusse", Indian Tribes of North America, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1910, accessed 12 Apr 2020 They were based in present-day Nebraska.
|
|
Sugar Bars died on June 6, 1972, of a heart attack following colic surgery. In his breeding career, Sugar Bars sired such notable horses as Sugar Leda, Jay's Sugar Bars, Nice N Sweet, Mr. Sugar Boy, Otoe, Cabin Bar, Gofar Bar, and Bar Pistol.Pitzer Most Influential Quarter Horse Sires pp. 126–127 Sugar Leda was the 1968 AQHA High Point Halter Horse.
|
|
"Fort Atkinson State Historical Park", Nebraska Economic Development Council. Retrieved 6/27/08. In 1804 the Otoe had a town on the south side of the Platte River not far from its mouth on the Missouri. On March 3, 1881 the tribe sold all of their land in Nebraska to the federal government and moved to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma).
|
|
Naranjo was appointed an alcalde and leader of Indian auxiliary troops, serving on expeditions against the Apache and the Pueblo who had fled to El Quartelejo. In 1720 he was appointed chief scout and leader of auxiliary troops on the Villasur expedition, despite having opposed it. He was killed on 14 August 1720 when the expedition was attacked by Pawnee and Otoe forces.
|
|
Federal Writers Project. (1939) Nebraska: A Guide to the Cornhusker State, Nebraska State Historical Society, p. 267 Cabanné's Post and Pilcher's Post, the latter established at Bellevue by the Missouri Fur Company, competed for the fur trade of area Indian tribes: the Siouan-speaking Omaha, Ponca, Otoe, and Pawnee. The Missouri Fur Company was founded by French Creole families of St. Louis.
|
|
Nebraska City is a city in, and the county seat of, Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 7,289. The Nebraska State Legislature has credited Nebraska City as being the oldest incorporated city in the state, as it was the first approved by a special act of the Nebraska Territorial Legislature in 1855.(1912) Bulletin.
|
|
Iatan is a village in Platte County, Missouri within the United States. The population was 45 at the 2010 census. It is within the Kansas City metropolitan area. The community is said to derive its name from Iatan, a chief of the Otoe tribe who supposedly derived his name from battles with the Comanche who were sometimes also referred to as Iatan.
|
|
The Villasur expedition of 1720 was a Spanish military expedition intended to check New France's growing influence on the North American Great Plains, led by Lieutenant-General Pedro de Villasur. Pawnee and Otoe Indians attacked the expedition in Nebraska, killing 36 of the 40 Spaniards, 10 of their Indian allies, and a French guide. The survivors retreated to their base in New Mexico.
|
|
Alfred Thomas, After Coronado: Spanish Exploration Northeast of New Mexico, 1696–1727; Documents from the Archives of Spain Mexico and New Mexico (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1935, third printing 1969) , pp. 156, 275n118. The expedition made its way northeast through Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska. In August, they made contact with the Pawnee and Otoe along the Platte and Loup rivers.
|
|
Villasur made several attempts to negotiate with Indians in the area, using Francisco Sistaca, a Pawnee held as a slave, to translate. On August 13, Sistaca disappeared from camp. Villasur camped that night just south of the Loup–Platte confluence near Columbus, Nebraska, nervous about the possibility of attack and the increasing number and belligerence of the Pawnee and Otoe Indians.The Pawnee Indians.
|
|
Minersville is a former railroad town in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States. It was located approximately to the south-southwest of Nebraska City and east of the Nebraska City Municipal Airport. It was founded in the 1850s and dissolved by the early 1900s. The town was on the Missouri River until the Army Corps of Engineers redirected the river to the east.
|
|
Wedel, Mildred Mott. (1959) Oneota Sites on the Upper Iowa River. The Missouri Archaeologist 21(2–4) After the decline of the Mill Creek and Glenwood cultures in western Iowa, Oneota cultures appeared across the state. It is widely accepted that the Oneota were the ancestors of modern American Indian tribes associated with Iowa, including the Ioway, Ho-Chunk (Winnebago), Otoe, Missouria, and Omaha.
|
|
The Otoe Reservation was a twenty-four square-mile section straddling the Kansas-Nebraska state line. The majority of the reservation sat in modern-day southeast Jefferson County, Nebraska. As early as 1834, the Oto relinquished land to the government in fulfillment of a treaty. It extended two miles (3 km) south of the state line its full length, into Washington and Marshall counties, Kansas.
|
|
The change was made in order to not duplicate route numbers. In 1960, the many street names of Sioux City north of 7th Street that carried Iowa 7–Otoe Street, Hamilton Street, Dearborn Street, and Perry Creek Road–were renamed Hamilton Boulevard. In two separate meetings, Woodbury and Plymouth county officials talked to Iowa State Highway Commission officials about taking over the highway in each county.
|
|
Joseph was killed in 1858 by a white settler (husband of a Métis wife) in a dispute over money owed. Increasingly, white settlers were moving into Otoe and Omaha land, as well as the Nemaha Reservation, and displacing Native residents. They laid out a townsite below the river bluffs in 1856. Although the Native Americans appealed to the US government to remove the interlopers, they were unsuccessful.
|
|
In 1886, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad built a line through what would become Noble County. The land around the railroad crossing of Red Rock Creek still belonged to the Otoe-Missouri reservation, but Rufus N. Dunagan operated a trading post there. A post office named "Magnolia" opened at the trading post in March 1890. The name was changed to Red Rock in June 1892.
|
|
In 2003, the ranch was inducted into the Texas Trail of Fame. In 1903, when Colonel George Miller died, his three sons, Joseph, George Jr., and Zack took over operation of the 110,000 acre ranch. By 1932 most of the land was owned by the Miller family. They leased other land from the Ponca, Pawnee, and Otoe Indians in Kay, Noble, Osage and Pawnee Counties.
|
|
Kelch received his Bachelor of Science from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in 1979 and his Juris Doctor from the University of Nebraska College of Law in 1981. Kelch began his legal career in 1982. He has worked as a deputy attorney in Nemaha County, Syracuse City, and Nebraska City, a special prosecutor in Johnson County, an Otoe County attorney, and a private practice lawyer.
|
|
The first mission building was a simple shack made of local woods. The second mission building was built after the first one burned down in 1836 or 1837. The new facility included a schoolroom for Otoe children and living quarters, including two bedrooms on the second story. A porch ran across the front of the building between the two end rooms and faced south.
|
|
His offspring Sugar Line and Jay's Sugar Bars were AQHA High Point Reining Horses, in 1976 and 1978 respectively. Sugar Bars sired thirty AQHA Champions. Both Otoe and Gofar Bar were AAA rated horses on the racetrack as well as both earning an AQHA Championship. Sugar Bars' grandson, Sugar Vaquero, was the 1973 National Cutting Horse Association (NCHA) World Champion Cutting Horse and a member of the NCHA Hall of Fame.
|
|
Tribal territory of several tribes in Nebraska This section from the Lewis and Clark map of 1804 shows period Indian villages in southwest Iowa, southeast Nebraska, and northwest Missouri. The Otoe, Iowa, Missouri and Kansas tribes are specifically identified. Several language groups were represented by the American Indians in present-day Nebraska. The Algonquian- speaking Arapaho lived for more than 1,000 years throughout the western part of Nebraska.
|
|
Brunswick school constructed in 1871. It served until the early 1930s For thousands of years varying cultures of indigenous peoples settled by the Missouri River. At the time of European contact, historical tribes in the area included the Missouri, Osage, Kaw, Otoe and others. In 1723 Etienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont built Fort Orleans near here, established on the Missouri River near the mouth of the Grand River.
|
|
Directly out of college, Warrior became the director of social services for Head Start for six counties in Kansas. Later on in 1971, she became the Director of Indian Education for Albuquerque schools and served until 1987. The district contained 117 schools with roughly 3,300 Indian students from over 100 tribes. She became the first and only (to date) female Chairman of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe from 1989–1992.
|
|
He became the prosecuting attorney for Otoe County, Nebraska from 1919 to 1923 and 1927 to 1935. In 1939, he was elected to the Seventy-sixth United States Congress and served from January 3, 1939 until January 2, 1940. While his career was short, his most renowned accomplishment was being awarded the most well dressed man in Congress in 1939, he is one of the few men who achieved that title.
|
|
Although the Oto were originally located throughout southeastern Nebraska, their main town was once located along the Platte River near present-day Plattsmouth in the eastern part of the state. The Moses Merrill Mission was located in this area. When the Nebraska Territory was formed in 1854, the Oto resigned their remaining land claim with the exception of a section near the Big Blue River. This became the Otoe Reservation.
|
|
They had developed a semi-nomadic lifestyle necessary for survival on the Great Plains. The Pawnee and Otoe tribes had inhabited the region for hundreds of years by the time the Siouan-language Omaha tribe had arrived from the lower Ohio valley in the early 18th century. Translated, the word "Omaha" (actually U-Mo'n-Ho'n) means "Dwellers on the Bluff".Matthews, J.J. (1961) The Osages: Children of the Middle Waters.
|
|
Deroin was the son of a MétisLawrence Barkwell, "DeRoin, Joseph", The People of the Metis Nation: D-G/History through Biography, at Scribd.com, p. 10. French Canadian trapper Amable De Rouins and his Otoe wife. The elder De Rouins had traded along the nearby Missouri River for decades, and a trading post was already operating near the townsite when Lewis and Clark came through with their expedition in 1804.
|
|
The Iowa or Ioway, known as the Bah-Kho-Je or Báxoje in their language, Chiwere (Báxoje ich'é), are a Native American Siouan people. Today, they are enrolled in either of two federally recognized tribes, the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma and the Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska. The Iowa, Missouria, and Otoe tribes were all once part of the Ho-Chunk people. They are all Chiwere language-speaking peoples.
|
|
They had some friction with the tribes of the Illinois Confederacy, as well as fellow Chiwere-speaking peoples splitting from the Ho- Chunk. These groups, who became the Iowa, Missouria, and Otoe tribes, moved south and west because the reduced range made it difficult for such a large population to be sustained.Winnebago from dickshovel.com Nicolet reported a gathering of approximately 5,000 warriors as the Ho-Chunk entertained him.
|
|
Nebraska City Municipal Airport is four miles south of Nebraska City, in Otoe County, Nebraska. The airport was built as a replacement for Grundman Field and opened in 1994. Located inside the city limits Grundman Field could not lengthen the runway to allow business jets. In 1974 when then Mayor A. O. Gigstard created the airport authority to build Nebraska City Municipal the voters had him recalled and removed from office.
|
|
The Corps of Engineers manages three parks at Wilson Lake: Lucas Park, Minooka Park, and Sylvan Park. Lucas Park is located on the north shore of the reservoir's eastern end and includes the Rocktown Natural Area. Minooka Park, named after the Otoe word for "good earth", lies on the south shore of the central part of the reservoir. Sylvan Park lies below Wilson Dam immediately northeast of the reservoir.
|
|
After putting him in the coffin his > [squaws] who witnessed the scene, uttered the most piteous cries, cutting > their ankles until the blood ran in streams. An old Indian woman...standing > between the house and the grave, lifted her arms to heaven and shrieked her > maledictions upon the heads of the murderers. Col. Sarpy, Stephen Decatur, > Mrs. Sloan, and an Otoe half-breed, and others stood over the grave when his > body was lowered.
|
|
They agreed to relocate closer to the Kaw village in order to meet Bourgmont when he was able to resume his journey. Five Padouca returned to the Kaw village as guides. Recovered from his illness, on October 8 Bourgmont resumed his journey to the Padouca. His party was much smaller and more nimble: 15 French and Métis, including Bourgmont's half-Missouria son; the five Padoucas, seven Missouria, five Kaw, four Otoe, and three Iowa.
|
|
The entry of the United States into World War I was followed by anti-German sentiment, which extended to a town that bore the name of Germany's capital. A 1918 series of fires that destroyed a block of the town's main street was attributed to anti-German crusaders. In October 1918, less than a month before the war's end, the town's name was changed to its current Otoe. Berlin Precinct was left unchanged, however.
|
|
In Bolivia, it is called walusa, in Colombia bore, in Costa Rica tiquizque or macal, in Cuba malanga, in Mexico mafafa, in Nicaragua quequisque, in Panama otoe and ocumo in Venezuela. In Brazil, the leaves are sold as taioba. The tuber (called nampi or malanga) is also used in the cuisine of these countries. The plant is often interplanted within reforestation areas to control weeds and provide shade during the early stages of growth.
|
|
Located at Genoa, this agency was located on the Pawnee Reservation and included the Genoa Indian Industrial School. The Pawnee Agency was established in 1859 for the Pawnee. They had previously been assigned to the Otoe Agency since 1856, and to Council Bluffs Agency prior to that. It was located at Genoa, Nebraska until 1875, when it was moved to the new Pawnee Reservation in Oklahoma Territory after the US accomplished Pawnee removal from Nebraska.
|
|
North American Indian Jewelry and Adornment: From Prehistory to the Present. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1999: 227. Those tribes who traded furs with the French are most known for their ribbon work, such as the Kickapoo, Mesquakie, Miami, Odawa, Ojibwa, Osage, Otoe-Missouria, Potawatomi, and Quapaw, but the practice has spread to many other tribes. Initially, layers of ribbons were sewn on the edges of cloth, replacing painted lines on hide clothing and blankets.
|
|
Significant events in the history of North Omaha, Nebraska include the Pawnee, Otoe and Sioux nations; the African American community; Irish, Czech, and other European immigrants, and; several other populations. Several important settlements and towns were built in the area, as well as important social events that shaped the future of Omaha and the history of the nation. The timeline of North Omaha history extends to present, including recent controversy over schools.
|
|
The river's name (as "Nodawa") first appears in the journal of Lewis and Clark, who camped at the mouth of the river on July 8, 1804, but who provide no derivation of the name. The name is an Otoe-Missouria term meaning "jump over water". The term would be spelled today in full as Nyi At'ąwe (nyi (water) + a- (on) + t'ąwe (jump)) and would be contracted in regular speech as Nyat'ąwe or Nat'ąwe.
|
|
The settlement grew quickly as government- financed teachers, blacksmiths and farmers joined the Pawnees and Dunbar, but the settlement disappeared practically overnight when Lakota raids scared the gathered whites off the plains. In 1842, John C. Frémont completed his exploration of the Platte River country with Kit Carson in Bellevue. He sold his mules and government wagons at auction in there. On this mapping trip, Frémont used the Otoe word Nebrathka to designate the Platte River.
|
|
Following the court case, the US assigned the tribe some land in Nebraska. Today the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska live in Knox County; another part of the people live on their federally recognized reservation in Oklahoma. The Missouri lived south of the Platte River and, along with the Otoe, met with the Lewis and Clark Expedition at the Council Bluff. Like the Iowa, both tribes are part of the Chiwere branch of the Siouan-language family.
|
|
Della Cheryl Warrior (born 1946) is the first and only woman to date to serve as the Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer for the Otoe-Missouria Tribe. She later served at the President of the Institute of American Indian Arts, finding a permanent home for the institution as well as helping to raise over one hundred million dollars for the institution over a twelve-year period. Warrior was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame in 2007.
|
|
This court was divided into three districts. The First District included Logan and Payne Counties (then known as counties 1 and 2, respectively), and would be led by Chief Justice Green. First District also included the unorganized Cherokee Outlet, lands belonging to the Ponca, Otoe, Tonkawa, Missouri, Pawnee, Osage, Kansas, and Kansas tribes, and portions of the Iowa, Kickapoo, and Sac and Fox tribes reservations. Court sessions were designated to be held in Guthrie and Stillwater.
|
|
Van Wyck was elected to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867 – March 3, 1869); successfully contested the election of George Woodward Greene to the Forty-first Congress and served from February 17, 1870 to March 3, 1871. He moved to Nebraska in 1874, where he settled on a farm in Otoe County, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. Van Wyck was a delegate to the State constitutional convention in 1875. He was elected to the State senate 1877, 1879, 1881.
|
|
The Blood Run Site is an archaeological site on the border of the US states of Iowa and South Dakota. The site was essentially populated for 8,500 years, within which earthworks structures were built by the Oneota Culture and occupied descendant tribes such as the Ioway, Otoe, Missouri, and shared with Quapaw and later Kansa, Osage, and Omaha (who were both Omaha and Ponca at the time) people. The site was so named on account of the iron-stained soil.
|
|
The Ioway, or Iowa people, also inhabited the region where the modern states of South Dakota, Minnesota & Iowa meet, north of the Missouri River. They also had a sister nation, known as the Otoe who lived south of them. They were Chiwere speaking, a very old variation of Siouan language said to have originated amongst the ancestors of the Ho-Chunk of Wisconsin. They also would have had a fairly similar culture to that of the Dhegihan Sioux tribes of Nebraska & Kansas.
|
|
All the baptisms of this sect trace to one David McDonald. McDonald was baptized, and ordained to preach the gospel by John N. Burton and Elias Brewer, in Otoe county, Nebraska, about 1870. He claimed the divine gifts of healing, being reported as having even raised the dead.Arkansas City Traveler, May 17, 1876. (Arkansas City, Kansas) He left Nebraska for Texas in the spring of 1873, but by the end of the year was living and preaching around Chanute, Kansas.
|
|
Another clue to the age comes from the projectile point carvings, which show a projectile point design used by hunters in the Late Archaic Period. Other carvings, such as thunderbirds, dragonflies, turtles, and shamans, are symbolic of later tribes such as the Otoe tribe, Sioux, and Iowa tribe. These are believed to date between 900 CE and 1750 CE. There are over 4000 American Indian images preserved in the bedrock. The bedrock was flattened and smoothed over by glaciers 14000 years ago.
|
|
The Iowa tribe refers to their language as Báxoje ich'é or Bah Kho Je (pronounced ). The Otoe-Missouria dialect is called Jíwere ich'é (pronounced ). The spelling Chiwere, used mostly by linguists, derives from the fact that the language has an aspiration distinction rather than a voice distinction (see the phonology section below), so that the unaspirated stops are variably voiced or unvoiced . Although is a valid pronunciation of the first sound of Jiwere ~ Chiwere, it may mislead English speakers into pronouncing it .
|
|
He married Meek-Ka-Ahu-me, an Omaha woman, and they had a daughter Mary. In 1842, Deroin also married the two Métis sisters, Julia and Susée Baskette, who were daughters of an Otoe woman; together he had a total of eight children with them. Joseph and his brother John Deroin each received allotments of land at the Nemaha Reservation, which was established in 1830. Joseph's daughter Mary and his third wife, Susée Baskette Deroin, also were recorded as having allotments there.
|
|
The American Indian Exposition, held annually during the first full week in August at the Caddo County Fairgrounds in Anadarko, Oklahoma, is one of the oldest and largest intertribal gatherings in the United States. Sponsored by fifteen tribes (Apache, Arapaho, Caddo, Cheyenne, Comanche, Delaware, Fort Sill Apache, Iowa, Kiowa, Osage, Otoe-Missouri, Pawnee, Ponca, Sac & Fox, and Wichita), representatives from up to fifty other tribes participate in any given year.Hedglen, Thomas L. "American Indian Exposition." Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture.
|
|
It was formed from land taken from the Otoe in an 1854 treaty. The county was named for W.D. Gage, a Methodist minister.Gage County History (archived) Gage County comprises the Beatrice, NE Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also in the Lincoln- Beatrice, NE Combined Statistical Area. In the Nebraska license plate system, Gage County is represented by the prefix 3 (it had the third-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
|
|
Ramsay Crooks led Bradbury and two French-Canadian voyageurs to the Platte River on 2 May ahead of the main expedition. While the four men reach the outskirts of a major Otoe tribe village, the inhabitants were not present, being out on a hunting sojourn. After Crooks and the others rejoined the party at an Omaha village on 11 May. There, active commercial transactions were done, with Omaha merchants offering "jerked buffalo meat, tallow, corn, and marrow" for vermilion, beads and tobacco carrots.
|
|
35 individual tribes were represented by more than 500 Indians. The tribes in attendance included the Apache, Arapaho, Assiniboines, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Chippewa, Crow, Flathead, Fox, Iowa, Kiowa, Omaha, Otoe, Ponca, Pottawatomie, Sauk and Fox, Lakota, Southern Arapaho, Tonkawa, Wichita, and the Winnebago, as well as the Santa Clara Pueblo. Mooney's above-quoted observation that ethnology would be "a principal feature at future expositions" proved prophetic, for Indian Congresses were also convened at the Pan-American Exposition in 1901 and the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904.
|
|
The efforts of Keyes and Orr in excavating 7 sites on the Upper Iowa River resulted in the recognition of a new division within the Upper Mississippian culture group, the Oneota Orr Focus. The main diagnostic artifact of this Focus is the shell-tempered Allamakee Trailed pottery. The Orr Focus has been radiocarbon dated to the late Prehistoric to Protohistoric and early Historic Periods, and the artifacts recovered confirm this late date. it is believed to represent the Prehistoric culture of the Ioway and Otoe tribes.
|
|
Wilson State Park is a public recreation area found on the south shore of Wilson Lake reservoir approximately north of the city of Wilson in Russell County, Kansas, United States. Located at the reservoir's eastern end, the state park covers divided into two areas by the reservoir's southeastern arm: the Hell Creek area on the west side and the Otoe area on the east side. The Hell Creek area hosts a marina. Both areas include hiking trails, swimming beaches, boat ramps, and camping facilities.
|
|
A Missouria warrior on the left, painting by Karl Bodmer Old Fort at Van Meter State Park The tribe's oral history tells that they once lived north of the Great Lakes. They began migrating south in the 16th century. By 1600, the Missouria lived near the confluence of the Grand and Missouri rivers, where they settled through the 18th century. Their tradition says that they split from the Otoe tribe, which belongs to the same Chiwere branch of the Siouan language, because of a love affair between the children of two tribal chiefs.
|
|
No written records from the tribes and peoples of the pre-European contact period exist because they did not yet use writing. According to the writings of early colonists, some of the major tribes along the Missouri River included the Otoe, Missouria, Omaha, Ponca, Brulé, Lakota, Arikara, Hidatsa, Mandan, Assiniboine, Gros Ventres and Blackfeet.Benke and Cushing, p. 432 In this pre-colonial and early-colonial era, the Missouri river was used as a path of trade and transport, and the river and its tributaries often formed territorial boundaries.
|
|
Congress failed to respond to a legal protest from the Tonkawa, or to an Indian Rights Association investigation that condemned the Commission's actions with the Cheyenne and Arapaho. Commission attempts to negotiate signed agreements produced no results with the Osage, Kaw, Otoe and Ponca. The 1887 Dawes ActJohansen, Pritzker (2007) p. 278 empowered the President of the United States to survey commonly held tribal lands and allot the land to individual tribal members, with the individual land patents to be held in trust as non-taxable by the government for 25 years.
|
|
1718 Guillaume Delisle map, showing locations of the Ioway (Aiouez au Pauotez), the Omaha (Maha), the Otoe (Octotata), and the Kaw (Cansez), and the main voyageur trail (Chemin des voyageurs). American Indians of Iowa include numerous Native American tribes and prehistoric cultures that have lived in this territory for thousands of years. There has been movement both within the territory, by prehistoric cultures that descended into historic tribes, and by other historic tribes that migrated into the territory from eastern territories. In some cases they were pushed by development pressure and warfare.
|
|
Lewis wrote in his journal that the Little People were "deavals" (devils) with very large heads, about high, and very alert to any intrusions into their territory.Lewis and Clark, The Journals of the Lewis & Clark Expedition, 1987, p. 505. The Sioux said that the devils carried sharp arrows which could strike at a very long distance, and that they killed anyone who approached their mound. The Little People so terrified the local population, Lewis reported, that the Maha (Omaha), Ottoes (Otoe), and Sioux would not go near the place.
|
|
Tribal territory of the Otoe Fontenelle's Post, first known as Pilcher's Post, and the site of the later city of Bellevue, was built in 1822 in the Nebraska Territory by Joshua Pilcher, then president of the Missouri Fur Company.Mayhew, H. and Smucker, S.M. (1857) The Religious, Social, and Political History of the Mormons, Or Latter-day Saints, from Their Origin to the Present Time: Containing Full Statements of Their Doctrines, Government and Condition, and Memoirs of Their Founder, Joseph Smith, Miller and Orton Publishing Company. p 247.Elliott, R.S. (1885) Notes Taken in Sixty Years.
|
|
It traveled into the western edge of downtown Sioux City along Wesley Way and Perry Street before it turned to the northwest along 7th Street. It followed 7th for a few blocks and turned northeast onto Otoe Street, which became Hamilton Street shortly thereafter. From here, Iowa 7 runs along Hamilton Street for about before a series of curves to the east and then back to the north took the highway out of the city. At the Woodbury–Plymouth county line, the highway became increasingly rural in character.
|
|
Bands from the Pawnee, Otoe and Sioux nations were the first to occupy the area around Carter Lake. After a short period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when they were the most powerful Indians on the Great Plains, the Omaha nation settled in the vicinity of present-day East Omaha. After a smallpox epidemic killed much of its population, and encroaching American settlement further reduced their historic way of life, the Omaha sold their lands and moved to their present reservation to the north in Thurston County, Nebraska in 1856.
|
|
On July 28, 2020, U.S. District Judge Timothy DeGiusti ruled in the tribes' favor, holding that their compacts with the state automatically renewed for an additional 15-year term on January 1, 2020. A week earlier, on July 21, the Oklahoma Supreme Court ruled that the new gaming compacts signed by the state and the Comanche Nation and the Otoe-Missouria Tribe are invalid under state law. The Court ruled that Stitt "exceeded his authorities" in entering into the compacts because they would have allowed gaming that is illegal in Oklahoma, like sports betting.
|
|
Numerous tribes around the country have entered the financial services market including the Otoe-Missouria, Tunica-Biloxi, and the Rosebud Sioux. Because of the challenges involved in starting a financial services business from scratch, many tribes hire outside consultants and vendors to help them launch these businesses and manage the regulatory issues involved. Similar to the tribal sovereignty debates that occurred when tribes first entered the gaming industry, the tribes, states, and federal government are currently in disagreement regarding who possesses the authority to regulate these e-commerce business entities.
|
|
The last two fluent speakers died in the winter of 1996, and only a handful of semi-fluent speakers remain, all of whom are elderly, making Chiwere critically endangered. As of 2006, an estimated four members of the Otoe- Missouria Tribe of Indians still speak the language, while 30 members of the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma speak their language. The Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma has sponsored language workshops in the past and hopes to host more in the future. They have provided tribal elders with recording devices to collect Chiwere words and songs.
|
|
Nebraska is a state that lies both in the Great Plains and in the Midwestern United States. It is bordered by South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Kansas to the south; Colorado to the southwest; and Wyoming to the west. It is the only triply landlocked U.S. state. Indigenous peoples, including Omaha, Missouria, Ponca, Pawnee, Otoe, and various branches of the Lakota (Sioux) tribes, lived in the region for thousands of years before European exploration.
|
|
Nebraska in 1718, Guillaume de L'Isle map, with the approximate area of the future state highlighted Indigenous peoples lived in the region of present-day Nebraska for thousands of years before European exploration. The historic tribes in the state included the Omaha, Missouria, Ponca, Pawnee, Otoe, and various branches of the Lakota (Sioux), some of which migrated from eastern areas into this region. When European exploration, trade, and settlement began, both Spain and France sought to control the region. In the 1690s, Spain established trade connections with the Apaches, whose territory then included western Nebraska.
|
|
Also known as sancocho de gallina, it is the national dish of Panama. The basic ingredients are chicken, ñame (adding flavor and acting as a thickener, giving it its characteristic texture and brightness), and culantro (giving it most of its characteristic flavor and greenish tone); often yuca, mazorca (corn on the cob) and otoe are added. Other optional ingredients include ñampí (as the Eddoe variety of Taro is known), chopped onions, garlic and oregano. It is frequently served with white rice on the side, meant to be either mixed in or eaten with each spoonful.
|
|
The fourth Treaty of Prairie du Chien was negotiated between the United States and the Sac and Fox, the Mdewakanton, Wahpekute, Wahpeton and Sisiton Sioux, Omaha, Ioway, Otoe and Missouria tribes. The treaty was signed on July 15, 1830, with William Clark and Willoughby Morgan representing the United States. Through additional negotiations conducted in St. Louis on October 13, 1830, Yankton Sioux and Santee Sioux agreed to abide by the 1830 Treaty of Prairie du Chien. The US government announced the treaty and its numerous adherents on February 24, 1831.
|
|
By 1870, the company had raised $50,000 in Nebraska City to grade the first ten miles of track. The rail line was awarded a land grant by the State of Nebraska and a bond from Otoe County. The railroad was to generally follow the path of the Platte Valley line, however, in a bid to increase its influence, the Midland Pacific line would connect to the nearby newly-founded state capital, Lincoln. Excited by the prospect of a railway, Lancaster County voted for a bond granting $50,000 to Midland Pacific Railway.
|
|
Otoe Tribal Seal Another dispute over American Indian government is its sovereignty versus that of the states. The federal U.S. government has always been the government that makes treaties with Indian tribes – not individual states. Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution states that "Congress shall have the power to regulate Commerce with foreign nations and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes". This determined that Indian tribes were separate from the federal or state governments and that the states did not have power to regulate commerce with the tribes, much less regulate the tribes.
|
|
The Fox Lake people seem to have used items like certain types of hide scrapers and crushed-shell pottery later than groups to the east, indicating that they remained isolated from the river trade routes used by the Oneota culture. Anthropologist Karl Schlesier has found evidence that the Fox Lake group—possible ancestors of Crow and Hidatsa people—later migrated northwest into present-day central North Dakota. Artifacts like crushed shell pottery and certain types of hide scrapers indicate that the Mountain Lake area was eventually inhabited by Oneota groups, whose descendants include the Ho-Chunk, Otoe, Iowa, and Missouria.
|
|
Logan Fontenelle, an interpreter for the Omaha Tribe when it ceded the land that became the city of Omaha to the U.S. government Various Native American tribes had lived in the land that became Omaha, including since the 17th century, the Omaha and Ponca, Dhegian-Siouan-language people who had originated in the lower Ohio River valley and migrated west by the early 17th century; Pawnee, Otoe, Missouri, and Ioway. The word Omaha (actually Umoⁿhoⁿ or Umaⁿhaⁿ) means "Dwellers on the bluff".Mathews, J.J. (1961) The Osages: Children of the Middle Waters. University of Oklahoma Press.
|
|
Undeniable rights to this collectively owned land belong to each member of the kinship group, while borrowed rights are often extended to the members of a spouses family, although these rights can be revoked. In this way, social organization shapes the pattern of economic life and livelihood for most Guaymí. The most common crops grown in the comarca Ngäbe-Buglé (Ngobeland) are corn, rice, beans, otoe, bananas, and coffee although people also grow tomatoes, peppers and other vegetables in smaller gardens at home.Young 60 Fruits such as mangos, oranges, nance, grow seasonally along with cacao, all of which supplement the Guaymí diet.
|
|
The first Europeans to see the Platte River were French explorers and fur trappers in about 1714; they first called it the Nebraskier (Nebraska), a transliteration of the name given by the Otoe people, meaning "flat water". Jean Pierre Cabanné operated a fur trading post north of Omaha along the Missouri. Other French-Canadian posts in Nebraska include the Bordeaux Trading Post, the Post of the Otos, and the Robidoux Pass Trading Post. The Spaniard Manuel Lisa, a partner of the French-dominated Missouri Trading Company, established Fort Lisa north of Omaha in the Ponca Hills in the early 1800s.
|
|
Founded by "half-breeds" to serve the Nemaha Half-Breed Reservation, the town grew up around a trading post and was named in 1853 after Joseph Deroin (1819-1858), the trader. Deroin was the son of a MétisLawrence Barkwell, "DeRoin, Joseph", The People of the Metis Nation: D-G/History through Biography, at Scribd.com, p. 10. French Canadian trapper Amable De Rouins and his Otoe wife. The elder De Rouins had traded along the nearby Missouri River for decades, and a trading post was already operating near the townsite when Lewis and Clark came through with their expedition in 1804.
|
|
The tribes agreed to forswear private retaliation for injuries and to return or indemnify the owner of stolen horses or other goods. Efforts to contact the Blackfoot and the Assiniboine were unsuccessful. Returning to Fort Atkinson at the "Council Bluff" in Nebraska, successful negotiations were had with the Otoe, the Pawnee and the Omaha.Page 143, American Indian treaties: the history of a political anomaly by Francis Paul Prucha, University of California Press (March 15, 1997), trade paperback, 562 pages He was appointed brevet brigadier general and was in overall command of U.S. forces during the Black Hawk War.
|
|
This narrow date range was possible because Ronald Mason found specific references to this occupation in the early French records. The presence of this vessel at Rock Island is significant because it demonstrates the Orr Focus was still in existence in the early Historic period. The seven sites on the Upper Iowa River are located in the same area that the early French explorers and fur traders found the Ioway Native American tribe. Archaeologists are in general agreement that the Orr Phase pottery represents the Prehistoric cultural remains of the Ioway tribe, as well as the closely related Otoe tribe.
|
|
By 1714 (the same year the French explorers "discovered" the Platte), he and a small exploration group from the south had reportedly already reached the Platte three times."Villasur Sent to Nebraska" , Nebraska Studies, accessed 24 August 2011 He later guided the 1720 Villasur expedition to the area in a Spanish effort to stop French expansion onto the Great Plains. Naranjo and Villasur's party made the most northern of Spanish exploration trips into the central plains. A Pawnee and Otoe Indian attack defeated the Spanish forces; the survivors returned to Santa Fe, New Mexico, and the Spanish left the Great Plains to the American Indians.
|
|
In 1822 Joshua Pilcher of the Missouri Fur Company built a fur trading post on the west bank of the Missouri River to trade with the local Native American tribes of Omaha, Otoe, Missouri and Pawnee. Fur trading in the United States was not regulated by governments, and fur traders competed madly for the lucrative business, enticing the American Indians with various trade goods and often liquor. At first Pilcher competed with John Jacob Astor's Cabanné's Post of the American Fur Company (AFC) north of Bellevue. In 1823 Astor bought Pilcher's, bringing it into his monopoly of the fur trade under the American Fur Company.
|
|
The town of Fontenelle was named after Logan Fontenelle, the son of the French Creole Lucien Fontenelle from New Orleans and Me-um-bane, his Omaha wife and a daughter of Big Elk, the principal chief. As an interpreter to the Omaha and United States, the younger Fontenelle was important during negotiations of the Treaty of 1854, by which the Omaha ceded most of their land to the United States. Several other places in Nebraska have been named after Logan Fontenelle, as well. In 1840, Joseph Deroin set up a trading post along the Missouri River at the mouth of the Platte, at the main village of the Otoe.
|
|
Lisa established Fort Lisa on the Missouri River about 12 miles north of what became Omaha after abandoning his trading posts in the Upper Missouri River Valley, which were Fort Raymond/Manuel in Montana and the original Fort Lisa in North Dakota. The War of 1812 disrupted the fur trade with Native Americans for years. Fort Lisa (Nebraska) was located, "at a point between five and six miles below the original Council Bluff – where Lewis and Clark had a council with the Missouri and Otoe Indians, August 3, 1804, and now the site of the town of Fort Calhoun..."Morton & Watkins. (1918) "Fur Trade" History of Nebraska. p.
|
|
Pony Express Station (2010) Marysville was laid out in 1855 by Francis J. Marshall, and designated in that same year the county seat. It was incorporated as a city in 1861. Marysville was located on the Oregon Trail and the route of the Pony Express, the St. Joe Road, the Overland Stage, The Military Road, and the Otoe-Missouria Trail. British explorer Richard Francis Burton en route to California in 1860 noted: "Passing by Marysville, in old maps Palmetto City, a country-town which thrives by selling whiskey to ruffians of all descriptions ..."Richard Burton, (1862) The Look of the West 1860, Lincoln: Univ.
|
|
In 1720 he joined the Villasur expedition as chief scout and leader of 70 auxiliary troops. Intended to discover French people reputed to be living amongst the tribes of the Great Plains (Spain was then fighting the War of the Quadruple Alliance against France) the expedition went "farther into the interior than anyone from Spanish America had ever gone before". Reaching the Platte River the expedition was surprised by an attack of the Pawnee and Otoe on 14 August in which 46 of the party were killed including Naranjo and Villasur. The survivors retreated to Santa Fe but the expedition was a disaster; some one third of the military forces of New Mexico were lost.
|
|
He noted that the Apaches of El Cuartelejo (located in present-day western Kansas), allies of the Spanish, were much more distant from Santa Fe and had no supplies, so they could not adequately defend themselves from enemy attacks; Valverde argued that the Spanish should help defend them. Thus, in June 1720, Valverde directed the Villasur expedition to check the growing French influence in the Great Plains and capture French traders there. The expedition of 100 men, including many Pueblo Amerindians, traveled to the confluence of the Loup River and North Platte River in what is now Nebraska. In New Mexico, members of the Pawnee and Otoe tribes attacked with firearms, killing many of the explorers.
|
|
In 1713 Bourgmont began writing Exact Description of Louisiana, of Its Harbors, Lands and Rivers, and Names of the Indian Tribes That Occupy It, and the Commerce and Advantages to Be Derived Therefrom for the Establishment of a Colony. In March 1714 he traveled to the mouth of the present-day Platte River (which he named the Rivière Nebraskier, after the Otoe tribe name for "flat water"). He wrote The Route to Be Taken to Ascend the Missouri River This account reached the cartographer Guillaume Delisle, who noted that it was the first documented report of travels that far north on the Missouri. Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville replaced Cadillac as commandant.
|
|
Joseph LaFlesche, also called E-sta-mah-za (Iron Eye), was the son of Joseph LaFlesche, a French-Canadian fur trader,"Joseph La Flesche: Sketch of the Life of the Head Chief of the Omaha", first published in the (Bancroft, Nebraska) Journal; reprinted in The Friend, 1889, accessed 23 August 2011 and Waoowinchtcha, his Ponca wife. (An 1889 account said she was related to Big Elk, chief of the Omaha.) From the age of 10, the younger LaFlesche accompanied his father on trading trips. His father worked for the American Fur Company (AFC) and traded with the many tribes: Ponca, Omaha, Iowa, Otoe, and Pawnee, living between the Platte and Nebraska rivers. They spoke closely related Siouan languages.
|
|
Warrior was a participant at both the Chicago conference and the subsequent meeting in Gallup. The founding members of NIYCHerbert Blatchford, Navajo Nation; Gerald Brown, Flathead Indian Reservation of Montana; Sam English, Ojibwe; Viola Hatch, Arapaho of the Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribe of Oklahoma; Joan Nobel, Ute; Karen Rickard, Tuscarora; Melvin Thom Walker River Paiute Tribe of the Walker River Reservation, Nevada; Clyde Warrior, Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; Della Warrior, Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; and Shirley Hill Witt, Mohawkincluded 3 members from Oklahoma. Although NIYC claimed to have hundreds of members, a core group of ten to fifteen people shaped the organization. By 1967, Warrior was president of the organization.
|
|
In 1855, Congress appropriated funds for the construction of a military road from Omaha to Fort Kearney and the Territorial Legislature passed a law on January 26, 1856 placing the authority for construction of roads with the counties through which they ran. It gave the counties the power to levy taxes and appropriate labor for construction. In 1860, a project to build a road from Nebraska City to Fort Kearney was initiated by the Nebraska City community and Otoe County Commissioners in what became one of the most traveled roads in the west as part of the Denver Trail. In 1879, the Nebraska Legislature passed a law providing all section lines become public roads.
|
|
The Nebraska City Bridge is a four-lane girder bridge over the Missouri River connecting Otoe County, Nebraska with Fremont County, Iowa at Nebraska City, Nebraska. The bridge built in 1986 bypasses the central business district and replaced the Waubonsie Bridge truss bridge which opened in 1930 and went towards the middle of town. The Waubonsie Bridge built by the Kansas City Bridge Company called itself "The Bridge with a State park at Each End" because Arbor Lodge State Park was on the Nebraska side and Waubonsie State Park was on the Iowa side. The Waubonsie Bridge replaced a pontoon bridge built in 1888 that claimed to be the largest drawbridge of its kind in the world.
|
|
In 1932 the first Baháʼí Local Spiritual Assembly was elected in Tokyo. There was a preliminary election that corrected when Shoghi Effendi, then head of the religion, specified rules that needed to be followed for the election. The members of the community of Tokyo were (former Rev.) Sempo Ito; Yuri Mochizuki Furukawa; Otoe Murakami; Kanae Takeshita; Mr. Y. Kataoka (first name unknown); Keiji Sawada; Agnes Alexander; Antoinette Naganuma; Mr. Nakanishi (first name unknown); Hidehiko Matsuda; and Keiko Eito. The first nine names were elected to the provisional Local Spiritual Assembly but the later official election changed adding Mr. Matsuda, who took the place of Mr. Y. Kataoka, who asked to be relieved.
|
|
He participated in his first war party (military raid) at age 14 against the Otoe and Missouri tribes, and became a member of his tribe's "Bowstring Society" (one of five military societies). He later participated in actions against United States federal and state militia forces. His first engagement with white settlers was at the Second Battle of Adobe Walls, in which 300 Native American warriors from various tribes, angered by settlers' poaching of buffalo, cattle grazing, and theft of horses, attacked a small trading village used by poachers. The battle, led by Comanche leader Isa-tai and Chief Quanah Parker, triggered United States government response in the form of the Red River War of 1874–75.
|
|
Sha-có-pay, The Six, Chief of the Plains Ojibwa, painted 1832 at Fort Union (Smithsonian American Art Museum) Wah-ro- née-sah, The Surrounder, Chief of the Otoe Tribe, 1832 (Smithsonian American Art Museum) When Catlin returned east in 1838, he assembled the paintings and numerous artifacts into his Indian Gallery, and began delivering public lectures that drew on his personal recollections of life among the American Indians. Catlin traveled with his Indian Gallery to major cities such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and New York. He hung his paintings "salon style"—side by side and one above another. Visitors identified each painting by the number on the frame, as listed in Catlin's catalogue.
|
|
The Sioux said that the devils carried sharp arrows which could strike at a very long distance, and that they killed anyone who approached their mound.Lawrence, Mysteries and Legends of Montana: True Stories of the Unsolved and Unexplained, 1997, p. 18. The Little People so terrified the local population, Lewis reported, that the Maha (Omaha), Ottoes (Otoe), and Sioux would not go near the place. The Lakota people who came to live near the "Spirit Mound" after the Wičhíyena Sioux have a story no more than 250 years old which describes how a band of 350 warriors came near the mound late at night and were nearly wiped out by the ferocious Little People (the survivors were crippled for life).
|
|
The Platte is one of the most significant tributary systems in the watershed of the Missouri, draining a large portion of the central Great Plains in Nebraska and the eastern Rocky Mountains in Colorado and Wyoming. The river valley played an important role in the westward expansion of the United States, providing the route for several major emigrant trails, including the Oregon, California, Mormon and Bozeman trails. The first Europeans to see the Platte were French explorers and fur trappers about 1714; they first called it the Nebraskier (Nebraska), a transliteration of the name given by the Otoe people, meaning "flat water". This expression is very close to the French words "rivière plate" ("flat river"), the probable origin of the name Platte River.
|
|
Xanthosoma is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. The genus is native to tropical America but widely cultivated and naturalized in other tropical regions.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Several are grown for their starchy corms, an important food staple of tropical regions, known variously as malanga, otoy, otoe, cocoyam (or new cocoyam), tannia, tannier, yautía, macabo, ocumo, macal, taioba, dasheen, quequisque, ape and (in Papua New Guinea) as Singapore taro (taro kongkong). Many other species, including especially Xanthosoma roseum, are used as ornamental plants; in popular horticultural literature these species may be known as ‘ape due to resemblance to the true Polynesian 'ape, Alocasia macrorrhizos, or as elephant ear from visual resemblance of the leaf to an elephant's ear.
|
|
Map accompanying Colonel Henry Dodge's 1835 report to the U.S. Congress about the expedition The Second Dragoon Expedition of 1835 (also called the Dodge Expedition) left Fort Leavenworth, unorganized territory May 29, 1835, charged with contacting the Indian tribes across the Central Plains to the Rockies as far west as the Mexican border. Traveling first up the Platte River they made contact with the Otoe, Omaha, Grand Pawnee, and Arickaree tribes. Continuing south along the front range of the Rockies, they reached Bent's Fort on August 6. At Bent's Fort the expedition held councils with the Arapahoes, Cheyennes, Black Feet, Gros Ventres, and others. On August 12, 1835 the Dragoons began the return march from Bent's Fort, following the Santa Fe Trail eastward.
|
|
Miss America 1941, the 15th Miss America pageant, was held at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey on September 6, 1941. Shortly after the crowning of Miss California, Rosemary LaPlanche, who had been first runner-up in 1940, the pageant committee adopted this rule: "No contestant can compete in Atlantic City for the title of Miss America more than once", thus eliminating future state winners with more than one attempt at the national title. LaPlanche became a film actress, as did her sister, Louise LaPlanche. 1941 was also the first year that the special award, “Miss Congeniality” was created. It went to Mifaunwy Shunatona, a member of the Otoe and Pawnee tribes — she was also the first American Indian contestant in the pageant’s history.
|
|
The founding members of NIYC – Herbert Blatchford, Navajo Nation; Gerald Brown, Flathead Indian Reservation of Montana; Sam English, Ojibwe; Viola Hatch, Arapaho of the Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribe of Oklahoma; Joan Nobel, Ute; Karen Rickard, Tuscarora; Melvin Thom, Walker River Paiute Tribe of the Walker River Reservation, Nevada; Clyde Warrior, Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; Della Warrior, Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; and Shirley Hill Witt, Mohawk – included 3 members from Oklahoma. Although NIYC claimed to have hundreds of members, a core group of ten to fifteen people shaped the organization. Unlike African American or white dissident groups, it included women in its leadership and focused on honoring their elders, not breaking with tradition. In other words, the "generation gap" existed, but not with the past, rather with the current regimes of assimilationists.
|
|
The expedition left the mouth of the Kansas River on August 13, 1819 and arrived at the mouth of the Grand Nemaha River two weeks later. On September 17, the steamboat Western Engineer arrived at Fort Lisa, a trading post belonging to William Clark's Missouri Fur Company. This was on the west side of the river, about 20 miles north of today's Council Bluffs, Iowa. "The Council Bluffs" was at that time the generic name for the land on both sides of the Missouri River upstream of the mouth of the Platte River, and Fort Lisa was located "at a point between five and six miles below the original Council Bluff - where Lewis and Clark had a council with the Missouri and Otoe Indians, August 3, 1804, and now the site of the town of Fort Calhoun...".
|
|
1718 Guillaume Delisle map, showing locations of the Ioway (Aiouez au Pauotez), the Omaha (Maha), the Otoe (Octotata), the Kaw (Cansez) and the main voyageur trail (Chemin des voyageurs). By 1804, there were a number of Native American groups in Iowa: the Sauk (Sac) and Meskwaki (Fox) on the eastern edge of Iowa along the Mississippi; the Ioway along the bank of the Des Moines River; the Oto, Missouri, and Omaha along the Missouri River, and the Sioux in the Northern and Western parts of the State.Cyrenus Cole, A History of the People of Iowa 51 (1921) Additionally, earlier records indicate the presence of the Illinois in Iowa, though they were nearly gone by the time of the 1804 observations.J. L. Pickard, Iowa Indians, in Iowa Historical Lectures 30, 36 (1892) The total number of these groups in Iowa in 1804 is estimated to be less than 15,000.
|
|
White American settlers from both the free-soil North and pro-slavery South flooded the Northern Indian Territory, hoping to influence the vote on slavery that would come following the admittance of Kansas and, to a lesser extent, Nebraska to the United States. In order to avoid and/or alleviate the reservation-settlement problem, further treaty negotiations were attempted with the tribes of Kansas and Nebraska. In 1854 alone, the U.S. agreed to acquire lands in Kansas or Nebraska from several tribes including the Kickapoo, Delaware, Omaha, Shawnee, Otoe and Missouri, Miami, and Kaskaskia and Peoria. In exchange for their land cessions, the tribes largely received small reservations in the Indian Territory of Oklahoma or Kansas in some cases. For the nations that remained in Kansas beyond 1854, the Kansas–Nebraska Act introduced a host of other problems. In 1855, white "squatters" built the city of Leavenworth on the Delaware reservation without the consent of either the Delaware or the US government.
|
|
The clans had specific responsibilities related to their moitie. Children belonged to their father's gens, so within this structure, there was no place for children whose father was outside the culture, unless they were officially adopted into the tribe.Dennis McAuliffe, Bloodland: A Family Story of Oil, Murder and Greed on the Osage Reservation, Times Books, 1994 At the same time, the European- American "tribe" of the majority of the United States considered the children to be Native American, because of their mothers, although the United States society was generally patriarchal, and patrilineal in terms of inheritance and descent. The United States government selected an allotment of land along the Missouri River bluffs, an area described as "too steep and tree-covered for farming, fit only for hunting." It was described in the Treaty of Prairie du Chien of 1830, confirmed by the Otoe, Omaha, Missouria, and other tribes and the government, which established the rules for the half-breed tract.
|
|
In 1961, a conference with over 800 participants was held in Chicago, Illinois with educators and anthropologists, and frustrated Native Americans from 13–20 June which produced a "Declaration of Indian Purpose: the Voice of the American Indian" – a policy created for Indians by Indians. They delivered the policy to President John F. Kennedy, but went on to form the National Indian Youth Council (NIYC) in Gallup, New Mexico later that summer, to translate words into actions. The founding members of NIYC – Herbert Blatchford, Navajo Nation; Gerald Brown, Flathead Indian Reservation of Montana; Sam English, Ojibwe; Viola Hatch, Arapaho of the Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribe of Oklahoma; Joan Nobel, Ute; Karen Rickard, Tuscarora; Melvin Thom, Walker River Paiute Tribe of the Walker River Reservation, Nevada; Clyde Warrior, Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; Della Warrior, Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; and Shirley Hill Witt, Mohawk – included 3 members from Oklahoma. Although NIYC claimed to have hundreds of members, a core group of ten to fifteen people shaped the organization.
|
|