Ruff believes opaline silica deposits on Mars could have formed in a similar way.
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In fact, in certain Chilean hot springs, opaline silica precipitates out of water in the presence of microorganisms.
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Comparison of opaline silica structures found on Mars (left panels) and El Tatio (right panel) at various scales.
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The opaline burbot, delicate in its buttery sauce, gets an earthy base from local carrots spiced with caraway.
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A study published last week in Nature Communications raises anew the possibility that life once existed on Mars, by drawing a connection between opaline silica deposits found near the "Home Plate" feature in Gusev crater, and opaline silica at El Tatio, a geyser field located high in the Andes mountains of northern Chile.
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Topping it off is its golden opaline dial (sometimes referred to as salmon), a treatment that has become highly collectible.
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We'd go to Spa on Thursdays, Starlight and the Cock on Friday, and then —— TAYLOR Opaline is in there somewhere.
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The sleek green opaline glass tiles that form the vaulted ceiling give the sensation that you're in a distant underwater universe.
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But Spirit unexpectedly found opaline silica instead, which was likely accumulated over time billions of years ago due to hot spring activity.
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The pair met in 2003 at Opaline, a club on Avenue A that is now defunct, through the drag performer Mistress Formika.
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To me, the opaline ripples hold memories of my father, who sailed competitively, beating Ted Turner at the 5.5 meter 1972 world championship.
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A rubbery-looking substance forming bumpy nodules that lack crystal structure, opaline silica was first discovered on Mars by the Spirit rover in 2007.
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But as they continued to analyze Spirit's data, the scientists began to favor another possibility: opaline silicate precipitating out of hot, mineral-rich waters.
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Specifically, opaline silica deposits featuring the clumpy nodules and tiny, finger-like structures seen on Mars tend to form alongside sticky mats of microorganisms, called biofilms.
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Instead of the traditional stark-white walls typically found in galleries, the building features travertine stone floors that contrast against opaline concrete masonry and rough wood.
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Image: Steve Ruff"This mineral, opaline silica, can form in various ways," said Steve Ruff, the planetary scientist at Arizona State University who led the recent study.
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The movement's black, complex and architectural design in matte and glossy tones, revealed through its transparent back cover, is a contrast with the minimalist silvered opaline dial.
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Initially, Ruff and his colleagues suspected Spirit's opaline silica deposits formed billions of years ago, from basaltic rocks that were leached by sulfuric acid pouring out of fumaroles.
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It used to be at a club called Opaline, which was also a really crazy place that was on Avenue A. I don't know what it's called now.
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Like the watches worn by transcontinental steamship passengers in the 1930s, the pared-back timepiece has a retro sector dial — a brushed-metal ring that contrasts with an opaline center.
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Mr. Bradley met him in the late '90s while working as a consulting chef at the restaurant Opaline, on Avenue A, and has since hired many members of the Garcia-Luna family.
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Reading a volcanology paper, he came across a reference to El Tatio, a vast Chilean hydrothermal system located 14,000 feet above sea level, where hot spring and geyser channels contain deposits of opaline silica.
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To learn more about what's shaping opaline silica minerals on Earth, Ruff and his colleague Jack Farmer traveled to El Tatio to survey the environment and collect samples for spectral analysis and high-resolution imaging.
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Which raises an intriguing question: If the opaline silica on Mars formed in a similar environment, is made of the same stuff and takes on the same shape, was it formed in the same way?
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Charles Brill: &aposThe boob light&apos, it has a really simple construction It&aposs usually a plastic or opaline glass sphere with a little threaded nut in the middle that kinda holds the glass in place and allows you to easily re-lamp the light fixture.
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It's filled with their favorite vintage Nordic furnishings: a bright orange Stacking Side chair by Verner Panton, cherry-red Solar Lounge chairs by Carlo Bartoli and half a dozen different styles of lights, including a blown Michael Anastassiades for Flos opaline glass diffuser and a glittering vintage crystal chandelier.
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Ms. Krantz, who moved to Southern California with her family in the early 1970s, lived for many years in an 8,19403-square-foot Bel Air home that was a riot of chintz, the silver snuff boxes and 19th-century opaline glass she collected, Chanel suits — she owned at least 40 — and Hermès .
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Real opaline glass was produced only in France. In the 20th century Italy produced a similar glass and called it opaline veritable. Most opaline glass is not branded or signed. Portieux Vallérysthal made much robin's egg blue glass called Opaline.
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The ink and opaline glands produce ink and opaline respectively; these two substances are mixed in the cavity and expelled towards the predator. The ink and opaline are highly concentrated with free amino acids and ammonium; they are responsible for the response of the predators since predators have receptive sites for them. The ink and opaline has been demonstrated to stimulate appetitive and ingestive behaviours, though opaline differs in the sense in that it inhibits ingestion.
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The opaline gland is a structure resembling a bundle of grapes attached to a central canal which is composed of epithelial cells. Synthesis of the opaline substance happens in the opaline vesicles themselves, as there are only opaline vesicles and muscle cells in the opaline gland. The gland is innervated by three separate motor neurons, and is composed of single large cells and vesicle cells, all of which have enlarged nucleus. These cells are inclosed in an external layer of muscle.
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One ink is reddish-purple and comes from what is called the purple ink gland, while the other is milky white, comes from what is called the opaline gland, and contains the aversive chemical opaline.
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The term "opaline" in current times refers to many forms of opaque and colored glass. In France the term opaline is used to refer to multiple types of glass and not specifically antique colored crystal or semi-crystal. The idea that the term opaline is strictly antique French crystal is incorrect. For instance when shopping in France you may see a piece of American slag glass for sale labeled opaline in reference to the color of glass and not the age, origin or content of the glass.
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In 1934 the Ashby's paired the mutant hen to a quality Light Green split blue cock and Skyblues, Light Greens and a Dark Green of a perfectly normal appearance were bred. In 1935 one of the Skyblue cocks was mated back to the mutant hen, and the very first nest produced two Opaline Cobalt cocks and an Opaline Skyblue hen. The Opaline mutation had been fixed.
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The Opaline budgerigar mutation is one of approximately 30 mutations affecting the colour or appearance of budgerigars. It is the underlying mutation of the Opaline variety. When combined with the Yellowface II and Clearwing mutations the Rainbow variety is produced.
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Many different pieces were produced in opaline glass, including vases, bowls, cups, coupes, decanters, perfume bottles, boxes, clocks and other implements. The popularity of Opaline glass began during the reign of Napoleon. Cities involved in the production included Le Creusot, Baccarat, and Saint-Louis, Réunion, as well as various locations in England. All opaline glass is hand-blown and has a rough or polished pontil on the bottom.
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Opaline is the third studio album by Dishwalla, released on April 23, 2002 on Immergent Records.
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He disposed of them all soon afterwards and only a long time later did he see Opalines and realise that he had bred them first and cast them aside. The Opaline appeared yet again in 1935, in the aviaries of L Raymaekers in Brussels. Mr Higham imported two Opaline Mauve cocks and one Opaline Greywing Mauve hen from Mr Raymaekers in 1937 and Cyril Rogers confirmed they were the same mutation as the Scottish one, although their wing barring seemed noticeably lighter.
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"Characteristics, distribution, origin, and significance of opaline silica observed by the Spirit rover in Gusev crater, Mars". J. Geophys. Res., 116, E00F23.
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Both the opaline and ink gland secrete different substances that when mixed together form the ink released during phagomimicry. The secretion is very acidic (ink having a pH of 4.9 and opaline having a pH of 5.8) and contains high levels of bioactive molecules that can serve as feeding stimulants, feeding deterrents, and aversive compounds. Feeding stimulants can be found in both the ink and opaline secretions in the form of amino acids (such as lysine and arginine), and serve to trick predators into thinking that the ink secretion is a food source. To induce the aversive feeding effects on predators the ink contains a compound from the opaline gland produced from the oxidation of L-lysine, which is then mixed in the mantle with the L-amino acid oxidase from the ink gland.
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The opaline, which affects the senses dealing with feeding, causes the predator to instinctively attack the cloud of chemicals as if it were indeed food.
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Trevallion paired a Skyblue split cinnamon slate cock to a Dilute Mauve hen and they produced a Cinnamon Slate Cobalt split dilute hen. These Slates are likely to have been obtained from Mr Bowman, as he reported that several other breeders had Slates. Little was heard of Slates during and immediately after the war, but a few appeared again in the early 1950s, most or maybe all of which were Opaline Slates. It seems to have been quite difficult to separate the Opaline and Slate genes and it was not until 1962 that A F Fullilove reported that non-Opaline Slates had finally been obtained.
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Decorated in the same spirit as all Morgans' guest rooms, the suite offers a classic black wood bench by Bertola; and Ecart steel tube and opaline glass coffee tables.
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Aplysia californica displaying phagomimicry in response to predator threat. Phagomimicry is a defensive behaviour of sea hares, in which the animal ejects a mixture of chemicals, which mimic food, and overwhelm the senses of their predator, giving the sea hare a chance to escape. The typical defence response of the sea hare to a predator is to release two chemicals - ink from the ink gland and opaline from the opaline gland. While ink creates a dark, diffuse cloud in the water which disrupts the sensory perception of the predator by acting as a smokescreen and as a decoy, the opaline, which affects the senses dealing with feeding, causes the predator to instinctively attack the cloud of chemicals as if it were indeed food.
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There are no seams and no machine engraving. Many pieces of opaline glass are decorated with gilding. Some with handpainted flowers or birds. Several have bronze ormolu mounts, rims, hinges or holders.
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The alternative name of this mutation, 'Easley Clearbody', comes from the name of the breeder who discovered and established the mutation: C F Easley of Rialto, California. He has described in detail how this mutation, which he called 'Laced Clear', arose and was established. In January 1957 he paired an Opaline Dark Green cock to a Cobalt hen and bred a hen described as an "Opaline Greywing Dark Green with a yellow body and exceedingly dark grey wing markings". In January 1958 this hen was paired to a normal Dark Green cock and two further mutants were bred in a nest of four chicks, both cocks, with yellow bodies, black wing markings, black long tail feathers and pale violet (lavender) cheek patches, one in Opaline form and one Normal.
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When a sensory neuron detects a predator threat, dopamine is released onto one of the three motor neurons. The dopamine release causes a gland contraction, which then causes the expulsion of the opaline substance.
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Successful culturing of opalines in artificial media for periods of 1 month or more has been reported. (and references cited therein) This technique will aid tremendously in future studies of all aspects of opaline biology.
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The Yellowface II budgerigar mutation is one of approximately 30 mutations affecting the colour of budgerigars. In combination with the Blue, Opaline and Clearwing mutations, the single factor Yellowface II mutation produces the variety called Rainbow.
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The silicate cementation makes the opaline sandstone denser and harder than any other local stone, and it has been quarried as ballast, road gravel, and dam outflow rip-rap (e.g., Cedar Bluff Reservoir, Sherman Dam). The opaline sandstone sandstone has had limited use in construction, and example being the structures in the city park of Hill City, Kansas. Beds of flint or chert can be found higher in the Valentine and the weathered Niobrara Chalk is also silicified where there is contact with these beds in the Valentine.
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Inking provides protection from spiny lobsters, a major predator of sea hares, by means of three mechanisms: chemical deterrence, sensory disruption, and phagomimicry. The typical defence response of the sea hare to a predator is the release of chemicals such as free amino acids, ink from the ink gland and opaline from the opaline gland. Chemical deterrence involves the release of toxic chemicals that are noxious to predators and rapidly dissuades them from feeding. Ink creates a dark, diffuse cloud in the water that disrupts the sensory perception of the predator by acting as a smoke screen and as a decoy.
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Asexual phase in adult anuran host. The basic opaline life cycle begins with the large, multinucleate trophonts in the adult anuran cloaca. Through much of the year, the trophonts grow and divide continually to yield more trophonts. Nuclear divisions maintain the appropriate number of nuclei during this phase.
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Fallow Greys and Grey-Greens generally have darker wing markings. Opaline by itself lightens the body colour of Fallows,Taylor and Warner (1986), p 86 and in combination with Cinnamon produces a bird very similar in appearance to a Lacewing (i.e. a Cinnamon Ino), with virtually no body suffusion.
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Occupy The Carry Nation [in] The Standard (NEW YORK-LE BAIN), 16 September 2015 Some of his other classic tracks include The Queens, remix of XiViX's Urgent, as well logging remixes for various other artists including Beyoncé, the Scissor Sisters, Le1f, Will Automagic, and Adam Joseph. Aviance's sound helped transform the East Village's Opaline Area 10009 into the ultimate dance party of the early 2000s. It was during the Opaline days when Aviance along with DJ Sammy Jo (the Scissor Sisters official tour DJVibe with Scissor Sisters Tour Dj Sammy Jo (30 August 2008) [in] Resident Advisor (retrieved 4 August 2020) ) formed the Downtown DJ Coalition as a musical alternative to the mega-clubs.
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The pair of eggs belonging to the Prince were sold, with the Queen's are still held at Osborne House, Isle of Wight. Another surviving example of Gray's work is an etched opaline panel showing a fern gully. She also appears to have exhibited photographs of Aborigines at the 1888 Melbourne Centennial International Exhibition.
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The newer lighthouse is tall, made of blocks of granite. The external face is a truncated cone; the interior face is cylindrical, lined with 12,500 opaline glass tiles made by Saint-Gobain. There are five steps to the front door; inside, 360 steps of stone and 32 of iron lead to the lamp platform.
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In the Gusev crater of Mars, the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit inadvertently discovered opaline silica. One of its wheels had earlier become immobilized and thus was effectively trenching the Martian regolith as it dragged behind the traversing rover. Later analysis showed that the silica was evidence for hydrothermal conditions. Ruff, S. W., et al. (2011).
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Diatoms are capable of synthesizing silica glass in vivo. Biogenic silica (bSi), also referred to as opal, biogenic opal, or amorphous opaline silica, forms one of the most widespread biogenic minerals. For example, microscopic particles of silica called phytoliths can be found in grasses and other plants. Silica is an amorphous metal oxide formed by complex inorganic polymerization processes.
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The mineral was described in 1925 and named "curtisite" after the local resident L. Curtis who called attention to it. The crystals are square or six sided flakes, 1 mm in diameter, yellow to pistachio green in transmitted light. It is associated with opaline silica, realgar (arsenic sulfide) and metacinnabarite (mercuric sulfide), which had been deposited in that order before it.
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Bessie Bamber was a British artist from BirkenheadEric Knowles on BBC Television Antiques Roadshow who was active between 1900 and 1910. It is not known if Bamber was her married name or maiden name. Bessie Bamber worked in oils and specialised in painting cats, kittens and occasionally puppies. She usually painted on porcelain or opaline glass, and sometimes on a polished mahogany panel.
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Beyond the base coloring of a rosy-faced lovebird, there are mutations that exist independently of any other mutation. These mutations are of three distinct types: co-dominant (exemplified by the Orangefaced, Dark and Violet mutations), recessive (exemplified by the Edged Dilute mutation), and sex-linked (exemplified by Lutino, Pallid [also known as Australian Cinnamon], American Cinnamon, and Opaline mutations).
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Geyserite from Iceland Geyserite is a form of opaline silica that is often found around hot springs and geysers. It is sometimes referred to as sinter. Botryoidal geyserite is known as fiorite. In May 2017, evidence of the earliest known life on land may have been found in 3.48-billion-year-old geyserite uncovered in the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia.
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The inking behaviour exhibited in phagomimicry is in response to predator threat. Sea hares have many natural predators such as starfish, lobsters, and other crustaceans. When threatened by a predator, phagomimicry behaviour begins. An ink solution is released from both the opaline and ink glands individually, then the compounds mix in the mantle of the sea hare to form the ink mixture.
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Psidium ran seven times as a two-year-old in 1960. He won the Duke of Edinburgh Stakes at Kempton and finished third in the Dewhurst Stakes at Newmarket and the Horris Hill Stakes at Newbury. In the Free Handicap, an assessment of the year's best two-year-olds, Psidium was given a rating of 116lbs, seventeen pounds below the top weight Opaline.
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The Clearwing budgerigar mutation is one of approximately 30 mutations affecting the colour of budgerigars. It is the underlying mutation of the Clearwing variety, often known as Yellowwings in the green series and Whitewings in the blue series. When combined with the Greywing mutation the variety is known as the Full-bodied Greywing. When combined with the Yellowface II and Opaline mutations the Rainbow variety is produced.
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In silicification, the weathering of rocks releases silicate minerals and the silica makes its way into a body of still water. Eventually, the mineral-laden water permeates the pores and cells of some dead organism, where it becomes a gel. Over time, the gel will dehydrate, forming an opaline crystal structure that is an internal cast of the organism. This accounts for the detail found in permineralization.
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A patch of 90% pure opaline silicon dioxide was unearthed by Spirit in the vicinity of Home Plate. The patch is believed to be formed in acidic hydrothermal conditions, which supports the theory that Home Plate is of an explosive volcanic origin. Water is also present as mineral hydrates. Since 2008, scientists believe that this formation is an example of an eroded, ancient, and extinct fumarole.
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In 2004, the first reliable opaline genetic sequence data supported the monophyletic nature of the order Slopalinida. The authors of that study considered the opalines to be a family (Opalinidae) within the order Slopalinida. There are currently about 200 recognized species of opalines in 5 genera: Opalina Purkinje and Valentin 1835, Protoopalina Metcalf 1918, Cepedea Metcalf 1920, Zelleriella Metcalf 1920, and Protozelleriella Delvinquier et al. 1991.
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Phagomimicry is the defensive behaviour in which expelled chemicals mimic food, deceiving some organisms to eat it instead. In the case of sea hares, the ink produced deceives their predators to attack their ink instead of pursuing the sea hare. This is possible because of the chemicals present in sea hares' ink mixture. The ink and opaline contains high levels of amino acids and ammonium, present in their predators' food.
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Fallow Greys and Grey- Greens generally have darker wing markings. Opaline by itself lightens the body colour of FallowsTaylor and Warner (1986), p 86 (see), and in combination with Cinnamon produces a bird very similar in appearance to a Lacewing (i.e. a Cinnamon Ino), with virtually no body suffusion. When the German Fallow mutation is combined with the Cinnamon and Dilute mutations, the resulting Cinnamon Dilute German Fallow is visually very similar to an Ino.
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Rice hulls are the coatings of seeds, or grains, of rice. The husk protects the seed during the growing season and is formed from hard materials, including opaline silica and lignin. The hull is hard to eat or swallow and mostly indigestible to humans because of its enriched fibre components. However, during times of food scarcity in ancient China, a common daily meal was a pastry made from rice husks, wild vegetables, and soybean powder.
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Unfortunately, a good number of cockatiels of all Lutino mutations and varieties, such as Pale-faced Lutino and Opaline Lutino, are usually affected with a transmittable genetic flaw. This flaw enlarges the bald-spot below the crest, due to irresponsible excessive in-breeding and a general lack of effort, ethics and responsibility breeders to breed it out. Breeders who have been working on reducing the bald patch have been greatly successful in reducing its size. A pet lutino cockatiel.
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The Venetian is home to four theaters: The Opaline Theatre, The Palazzo Theatre, The Sands Showroom, and The Venetian Theatre. In October 2005, Blue Man Group opened at the Blue Man Theatre and continued performing there until September 2012, when the show relocated to the Monte Carlo resort. On June 24, 2006, the show, Phantom: The Las Vegas Spectacular, opened at a new Paris Opera House styled theatre at The Venetian. The show concluded on September 2, 2012.
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Dirk is 6 ft 3 in (190.5 cm) tall with craggy looks, dark wavy hair, and a rangy build. Cussler refers often to Dirk's "opaline green eyes", which can be both alluring or intimidating, as need be. Pitt has a commanding presence which, combined with a quick, sly wit, often infuriates his adversaries and superiors. Comical banter with Al is especially common during stressful situations, leaving the reader with little doubt that both are confident in their abilities.
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Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 129 The Windalia radiolarite is a Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) formation in Western Australia. The formation contains abundant foraminifera, radiolaria and calcareous nanoplankton fossilsD. W. Haig, et. al. Mid-Cretaceous calcareous and siliceous microfossils from the basal Gearle Siltstone, Giralia Anticline, Southern Carnarvon Basin, Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, Volume 20, Issue 1, 1996, pages 41-68 Locally the varicolored opaline to chalcedonic radiolarite is mined and used as an ornamental stone termed mookaite.
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The three spot gourami (Trichopodus trichopterus), also known as the opaline gourami, blue gourami, and gold gourami, is a species of fish native to southeastern Asia, but also introduced elsewhere. This gourami gets its name from the two spots along each side of its body in line with the eye, considered the third spot. This species is of minor commercial importance as a food fish in its native range and is also farmed. It is also popular in the aquarium trade.
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He could not be > called a Nature-lover, for he loved Nature perhaps only when married to Art. > He saw large and wished to paint large. He was enamoured of the successive > opaline surfaces of the low incoming waves and strove for the Sea's gift as > it comes to one facing it on long beaches. His method was searching, and had > the quality of science, perhaps because he had been trained as an engineer, > which profession he abandoned for painting.
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Sinclair patented the gasoline additive SG-2000. The high-octane fuel blend is called "Dino Supreme" and regular gas is "Dino", trade names used since 1961 when many oil companies still used trade names for their fuels instead of generic terms such as "regular," "premium," or "unleaded". Before that time, Sinclair's trade names for its gasoline products included "Power X" for high-octane fuel and "Sinclair H-C" for regular gas. Sinclair also has marketed products such as Dino, Dino Supreme, and Opaline motor oils.
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Three spot gourami are known to change color (their black spots will fade) when under high stress or when they are not kept under good conditions. Healthy fish have two vivid black spots on each side of their bodies, but these fade with age. Selectively bred varieties most commonly available in the aquarium trade are opaline (or opal) (with a marbled pattern), platinum (or silver) (whitish), blue, golden (or gold) (xanthochromistic), and lavender (or amethyst) (the result of crossing a blue and golden, having a purple coloration).
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The ink gland is smaller in size than the opaline gland, and is composed of two cell types: rough endoplasmic recticlum (RER) and granulate cells. The cells are surrounded by a layer of muscle, to contraction and expelling their contents. The RER is the formation site of the anti-predator protein, the granulate cells are for extra pigment storage. Pigment is dependent on the amount of red algae available to the sea hares, the higher the red algal consumption, the darker the colour of their ink.
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Two house pet budgerigars, caged, in 1933. The budgerigar has been bred in captivity since the 1850s. Breeders have worked to produce a variety of colour, pattern and feather mutations, including albino, blue, cinnamon-ino (lacewinged), clearwinged, crested, dark, greywinged, opaline, pieds, spangled, dilute (suffused) and violet. Exhibition style "budgie" (left), as compared to pet-type budgerigars "English budgerigars", more correctly called "show" or "exhibition budgerigars", are about twice as large as their wild counterparts and have puffier head feathers, giving them a boldly exaggerated look.
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The independent Timeform organisation rated Floribunda the best two-year-old of 1960 with a rating of 135. The official Free Handicap, however, was topped by the filly Opaline. In the following season, Floribunda improved his Timeform rating to 136, making him the second highest-rated horse in Europe behind the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe winner Molvedo. In their book A Century of Champions, based on a modified version of the Timeform system, John Randall and Tony Morris rated Floribunda the best British or Irish-trained horse of his generation.
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Adult male at Cincinnati zoo, USA The scarlet-chested parrot is becoming more common in captivity, and is one of the more popular species of the genus Neophema in captivity both in Australia and overseas. Their quiet temperament and small size increase their appeal as aviary birds. Many mutations are seen, including the red-fronted, par blue, sea green (Sydney Blue), white fronted blue (Recessive), cinnamon (sex-linked), and more rarely lutino and fallow. Opaline (sex-link) and Edged (dominant) mutations are also now available in most countries.
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The surface expression of the geothermal system consists of a ", opaline sinter terrace produced by hot spring and natural geyser (sic fumarole) activity along the base of the Malpais Rim. Since 1959, several companies have tested the potential of the area as a source of steam for electrical power generation. The spectacular hot water and steam plume that at present (1985/1986) vents continuously along the top of the sinter terrace is not a natural geyser, but is a free-flowing, uncapped geothermal well." (Struhsacker, 1986, p. 111).
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This reflected blue light passes through the yellow pigment layer, resulting in the green colouration known as lightgreen in only the budgerigar and/or green in any other naturally green coloured parrot species. The many color variations of budgerigars, such as albino, blue, cinnamon, Clearwinged, the various Fallows, Grey, Greygreen, Greywing, Lutino, Mauve, Olive, Opaline, Spangled, Suffused and Violet are the result of mutations that have occurred within specific genes. There are actually at least thirty-two known primary mutations established among budgerigars. These can combine to form hundreds of secondary mutations and color varieties which may or may not be stable.
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In terms of being simply a process by which powder can be made into a monolith, freeze casting could be as old as the earth. A material called laminar opaline silica or LOS is believed to be formed by the freeze casting of volcanic ash, some soils containing the required sols to make the gel. Artificially it is also an old process, having been known and studied for 100 years or more, but never brought to significant industrial application. Lottermoser, a German, wrote a paper on 'das Ausfrieren von Hydrosolen' (the Freezing of Hydrosols) in 1908.
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A killdeer plover, distracting a predator from its nest by feigning a broken wing Marine molluscs such as sea hares, cuttlefish, squid and octopuses give themselves a last chance to escape by distracting their attackers. To do this, they eject a mixture of chemicals, which may mimic food or otherwise confuse predators. In response to a predator, animals in these groups release ink, creating a cloud, and opaline, affecting the predator's feeding senses, causing it to attack the cloud. Distraction displays attract the attention of predators away from an object, typically the nest or young, that is being protected.
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The ink released from the ink gland is dark purple in colour, the colour depends on the type of algae consumed by the sea-hare. The opaline ink is white in colour, and when it mixes with the ink gland ink they form a compound that suspends itself in the water (polidisperse suspension), creating a smoke-screen defence mechanism. The particle density of the ink is similar to that of species such as cuttlefish, the particles range in size from 80–150 nm, with a density of 1.27 cm-3, which allows for the inks suspension in water .
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After climbing the 300 steps among the opaline on the walls, visitors can see the Wild Coast (Côte Sauvage), the beaches, the La Coubre forest, the Gironde Estuary and the Cordouan Lighthouse (the oldest in France). 100 years after the lighthouse was put into service, a museum was built to tell the history of the different lighthouses that have guided the ships. The museum has a few rooms where the history of the lighthouses is told, from 1699 to nowadays. In another room, marine objects are shown, a device measuring the fog, old lenses and other mechanisms.
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Opaline glass is also a decorative style of glass made in France from 1800 to the 1890s, though it reached its peak of popularity during the reign of Napoleon III in the 1850s and 1860s. The glass is opaque or slightly translucent, and can appear either white or brightly colored in shades of green, blue, pink, black, lavender and yellow. The glass has a high lead content which defined it as "demi-crystal" or semi-crystal. The primary influences on this style of glass were 16th century Venetian milk glass, and English white glass produced in 18th-century Bristol.
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Protoopalina pingi from the recta of the frogs Hylarana guentheri and Pelophylax nigromaculatus Like many parasites, the life cycle of opalines is rather complex . The most comprehensive study published so far concluded that the life cycles of 10 Opalina species, 1 Zelleriella species and 1 Protoopalina species are all "remarkably similar" (p. 321). A more recent study found that Cepedea couillardi fits the standard opaline life cycle model described below, while that of Opalina proteus is completed entirely in the tadpole stage of the host. Very little is known about the life cycles of opalines in fish, reptile or arthropod hosts.
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The Dark mutation deepens the body colour of the Fallow, but the difference between the Light Green, Dark Green and Olive Fallow is far less than that between the normal Light Green, Dark Green and Olive. The Olive Fallow is "a beautiful rich golden orange shade, and the chest is deep yellow olive - a truly lovely colouring", says Cyril Rogers in The Fallows. Fallow Greys and Grey-Greens generally have darker wing markings. Opaline by itself lightens the body colour of FallowsTaylor and Warner (1986), p 86, and in combination with Cinnamon produces a bird very similar in appearance to a Lacewing (i.e.
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Richards won a Billboard Music Award for Top Mainstream Rock Track of the Year. Along with two Gold and Platinum albums, JR also won two ASCAP Awards for both having the Most Performed Song of The Year. Dishwalla produced four other albums with Richards as lead singer and main songwriter, including And You Think You Know What Life's About in 1998, a live album called Live... Greetings from the Flow State and the 2002 album, Opaline. After Dishwalla completed their last album with Richards, Dishwalla in 2005, both bassist Scot Alexander and drummer Pete Maloney left the band.
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Seagreen (also known as AquaTurquoise in the European parlance) Wild Green and Pied Wild Green Wild Green Single Violet Opaline, an example of a sex-linked mutation. Notice the distinctive hood that extends over the back of the skull, rather than ending at the front of the skull like a normal rosy-faced headband. A Whitefaced Blue (Turquoise) female The science of rosy-faced lovebird colour genetics deals with the heredity of colour variation in the feathers of the species known as Agapornis roseicollis, commonly known as the rosy-faced lovebird or peach-faced lovebird. Rosy-faced lovebirds have the deepest range of mutations available of all the Agapornis species.
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One genus, Miliamellus, has a non-perforated test made of opaline silica. It is similar in shape and structure to the tests of typical miliolids; the test consists of an internal and external organic layer, as well as a middle silica layer made of elongate rods. This silica layer is further divided into outer, middle, and inner subunits; the outer and inner subunits each are approximately 0.2μm thick and consist of subparallel sheets of silica rods with their long axes parallel to the test surface. The middle subunit is approximately 18μm in thickness and consists of a three-dimensional lattice of silica rods with no organic component in the open space.
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The primary rock type on the surface of Mars is basalt, a fine-grained igneous rock made up mostly of the mafic silicate minerals olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase feldspar. When exposed to water and atmospheric gases, these minerals chemically weather into new (secondary) minerals, some of which may incorporate water into their crystalline structures, either as H2O or as hydroxyl (OH). Examples of hydrated (or hydroxylated) minerals include the iron hydroxide goethite (a common component of terrestrial soils); the evaporite minerals gypsum and kieserite; opaline silica; and phyllosilicates (also called clay minerals), such as kaolinite and montmorillonite. All of these minerals have been detected on Mars.
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An example of impacts from nitrogen is a shift in the types of plankton that make up their community in Long Island Sound. Over the last several decades, excess nitrogen may have adversely affected diatoms—microscopic, single-celled algae at the base of the food chain, which make shells ('frustules') of opaline silica. When diatoms are less productive, they are replaced by other phytoplankton such as dinoflagellates or blue-green algae, which grow well in waters with high nitrogen levels, but do not need silica.; Such changes in the base of the food chain leads to consequences such as an increase in abundance of jellyfish and decline in shellfish and other fish.
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The top weight of 133 pounds was given to the French-trained filly Opaline, who had won the Cheveley Park Stakes in Sweet Solera's absence. On her three-year- old debut, Sweet Solera won the 1000 Guineas Trial Stakes at Kempton Park on 3 April, beating Who Can Tell, who subsequently won the Fred Darling Stakes. Twelve days later, she was then tried against colts for the first and only time in the Thirsk Classic Trial over one mile at Thirsk Racecourse. She won by three-quarters of a length from the colt Henry The Seventh, but appeared fortunate not to be disqualified, having hampered the runner-up in the closing stages.
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Terrill adopted the name and after he suggested it in the Budgerigar Bulletin in September 1936 it rapidly gained universal acceptance throughout the world. But maybe neither Brown nor Terrill were the first to breed an Opaline. In 1962 J Riley of Yorkshire wrote, "In 1930 or 1931 a pair of my Light Greens produced a chick that was of good size and type with mask and spots that were a living dream; the only snag was that its wings were mismarked and grizzled, these markings extending over the bird's back." Mr Riley kept the bird and used it to try to improve the spots of his Light Greens, but further 'mis-marked' birds appeared.
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In 1994, the band recorded "It's Going to Take Some Time" on the tribute album If I Were a Carpenter featuring cover versions of songs by The Carpenters. In 1996, the single "Counting Blue Cars" from the 1995 album Pet Your Friends climbed the charts and was frequently played on the airwaves, bringing the band mainstream success. The track earned them a Billboard Award for "Best Rock Song" for 1996 as well as two ASCAP Awards for "Rock Track of the Year" in both 1996 and 1997. Their 1998 follow-up album, And You Think You Know What Life's About, failed to sustain the level of popularity achieved by "Counting Blue Cars". In 2002, Dishwalla released their third album Opaline on Immergent Records.
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Various ash falls were locally deposited, supplying silica for the formation of agate and chert in the upper portion and opal in the lowest portion. Other than the lower opaline sandstone zone and the "Algal limestone", the Ogallala has no persistent lithological marker beds beyond the stated generalities of local chert beds in the upper zone and local caliche "mortar bed" lenses in the middle zone. It may be the case that consolidation of the caliche of the "Algal limestone" occurred broadly at the same time but in whatever material was at the local surface after deposition of the sand and gravel ceased. And, while the "Algal limestone" is a marker bed, it does not establish correlation of the specific beds in which the caliche formed.
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The sea anemone Anthopleura sola has also been shown to retract its feeding protrusions when exposed to aplysioviolin. Aplysioviolin is known to be the major chemodeterrent compound in Aplysia but it is not the only one; both opaline and phycoerythrobilin have been shown to carry chemodeterrant effects, although they are less potent than aplysioviolin. Concentrations of aplysioviolin and phycoerythrobilin in ink are dependent on species: one study showed a 9:1 ratio (27 mg/mL and 3 mg/mL) of aplysioviolin to phycoerythrobilin in A. californica, and a 3.4:1 ratio (2.4 mg/mL and 0.7 mg/mL) for A. dactylomela. Aplysioviolin is often released with escapin in ink, which catalyzes conversion of ink metabolites into hydrogen peroxide, which is an additional deterrent of predators.
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Therefore, the earliest Ogallala deposits, the Valentine, filled in these shallower valleys; but there was no continuous exposure over the range of the eastern outcrop of the Ogallala. Isolated exposures of the Valentine phase have been located along the Niobrara outcrop and quarried along the Smoky Hill River, Solomon River, Republican River, and Niobrara River where these watersheds have cut deeply down through the Niobrara Chalk into the Carlile Shale. The Valentine Formation presents gray to gray-green, unconsolidated, fine-to-coarse grained, fluvial siltstone, channel sandstone, and gravel eroded from uplift of the Rocky Mountains as well as locally eroded materials, particularly Niobrara chalk cobbles and chalk sand. The specific index stone for the Valentine is the lenticular beds of grey-green opaline sandstone.
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The relationship between opalines and other protists has been a subject of great controversy since the late 19th century, and is not completely resolved at present. Initially, microscopists believed that the thousands of rhythmically beating hair-like structures which cover their surface were cilia, and they placed the opalines in Ciliophora. In the early 20th century other aspects of opaline biology clearly differentiated them from the ciliates and they were placed in Sarcomastigophora, with the amoebae and flagellates. In the 1980s, detailed ultrastructural studies of Opalina ranarum revealed that they share many features with the heterokonts of the family Proteromonadidae. A new order—Slopalinida Patterson 1985—was proposed to include the members of the families Proteromonadidae Grassé 1952 and Opalinidae Claus 1874.
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Reinhard Molkentin imported two Dominant Clearbody cocks from California in 1990 and in 1992 Wilfried Kopp obtained some of their descendants from Herr Molkentin. Later, Dominant Clearbodies were imported to the UK when Gren and Pat Norris obtained an Opaline Cinnamon Grey Dominant Clearbody from Reinhard Molkentin in 2000 (who was by then in South Africa) and Ghalib Al-Nasser imported a Grey Green Dominant Clearbody cock from Wilfried Kopp in Germany in 2001, adding two further cocks later. It seems likely that all the Dominant Clearbodies in Europe, including the UK, are descended from the original two imported by Herr Molkentin from California in 1990. However, it may be that the Dominant Clearbody made its first appearance in Beverley, South Australia, in the aviaries of Bob Hancock, who bred what he called Blackwing Yellows and Blackwing Silvers for many years.
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A Greywing Blue was exhibited at the Crystal Palace show in 1931 by Mrs Mallam of Redhill, Surrey, and won fourth best in show, and at the same show in the following year Ivor I J Symes gained second place with a team of Greywings bred from a pair he had imported from Germany in 1930. Greywings continued to increase during the 1930s, but the new mutations appearing around that time, such as the Cinnamon, Opaline, Ino, Grey and Clearwing, began to compete for the attention of breeders. After the war, when stocks were being established again, it was these latter varieties which caught the fanciers' interest, and the Greywing became (and remained) a rare variety bred by only a few specialists. In 1981 it was reported that no one was known to have a substantial stud of Greywings, although at least three breeders had or wanted Greywings.
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The best two-year- olds seen in Britain in 1960 had either been fillies like Opaline and Sweet Solera, or sprinters like Floribunda, suggesting that the 1961 colts' classics might be rather sub-standard. Rockavon did little to establish himself as a contender for major honours on his seasonal debut, when he finished fourth in a handicap race at Newcastle. In the 2000 Guineas over Newmarket's Rowley Mile course on 26 April he started at odds of 66/1 in a field of twenty-two runners, with Pinturischio, who had won the Wood Ditton Stakes for unraced horses at the previous Newmarket meeting, being made the 7/4 favourite. George Boyd had planned to fly to Newmarket from Scotland but was delayed by fog at Edinburgh Airport and the colt was prepared at the course by Boyd's nephew, Tommy Craig, who had travelled down in Rockavon's horse-box.
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Aviance started his professional DJ career in the early 2000s. In 2003, he met Will Automagic (née William Lynn) at the Opaline Area 10009, a nightclub on Avenue A in the East Village of New York City which is now defunct, through fellow DJ and drag artist Mistress Formika (DJ Michael Formika JonesMixmag, 6 PARTY CREWS REDEFINING THE GAY UNDERGROUND by CHRIS CARUSO (15 JUNE 2017) (retrieved 3 August 2020)). The duo started asking each other to guest-DJ gigs, and in 2012, Aviance suggested to Automagic that they make a record together. Their collaboration led to the creation of The Carry Nation and the release of the "percolating dance track" This Bitch Is Alive, which led to a record deal with Batty Bass, a label based in London, United Kingdom.Out (magazine), Nightlife Queen Sussi Reigns in The Carry Nation's New Lo-Fi Video by Chris Thomas (14 June 2017) (retrieved 3 August 2020) Since joining the House of Aviance, Aviance has both worked solo and as one half of The Carry Nation and is a well established artist in his own right.
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In 1960, the regiment was spread in different garrisons : Chekfa, Tleta, Chahna, Siar and Philipeville at camp Pehau. During the 1st trimester, « Opération Turquoise » occupied the regiment which deplored four fatalities, eight wounded, however, the enemy left 24 outlaws (), 2 prisoners, 5 defeated escapees, and 17 arrested suspects. One type 20 mm cannon recuperated, 1 PM, 10 war rifles and numerous munitions were destroyed. A couple of secondary operations were mounted such as « Saxophone » on January 26 and 27, "Clarinette" (3 HLL killed and one prisoner), « Basson I » on February 20 and 21, « Basson II » on March 8 and 9, (six HLL killed and 24 suspects arrested), « Zacharie » (1 leading figure died committing suicide and 2 defeated escapes) from March 15 to 17, « Victorien » (four defeated escapees), then in the 2nd trimester, « Turquoise » with secondary operations « Poisson » (two HLL killed, eight suspects arrested) on April 1 and 2, « Basson III » (three HLL killed and defeated escapees, on April 19, one Officer and two Legionnaires were killed in an ambush). After « Turquoise », followed « Opaline » in June.
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In 1933 A Brown of Kilmarnock, Scotland, bred what was described as a 'pied' Cobalt hen from a perfectly normal Skyblue cock and Mauve hen. The parents came from a strain kept locally which had never produced anything unusual, and Mr Brown bred no more than the one mutant, even though the same pair bred many Cobalts in both 1933 and 1935. Towards the end of 1933 Mr and Mrs Ashby of nearby Ayr purchased this 'pied' Cobalt, which they described as being "exceptionally large with a fine head and most excellent spots", although both parents were quite mediocre. The mutant's peculiarities were that the head, neck and nape were almost pure white with slight markings in places and nearly all the flight feathers, primaries and secondaries, were edged with cobalt in place of white, making the bird almost a 'Cobalt-wing'. The mutant was not a pied of any of the present-day types (these were not established in 1933), but an Opaline, although the variety was not to be known by that name until a few years later.
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