224 Sentences With "Official Development Assistance"

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"Only some ODA grants," he said, referring to Official Development Assistance.
Official development assistance (ODA) to "fragile"' countries increased by 26% between 2009 and 2016.
China was a top destination of Japanese investment and the Official Development Assistance program.
Since 1992, it has also been Cambodia's biggest donor, giving more than $2 billion in official development assistance.
Remittances are now worth more than three times the value of official development assistance, which came to $159bn last year.
However, most recent data show that official development assistance for health plateaued between 2010 and 2013 before dropping between 2013 and 2014.
JICA, a Japanese government agency that provides official development assistance, said it has no ties with Shalika Foundation, including through any intermediaries.
Official development assistance (ODA) reached $137.2 billion in 2014, $2 billion more than in 2013, the Paris-based international think-tank said.
In 2017, for example, the United States gave $34.7 billion in official development assistance, representing only 0.18 per cent of its Gross National Income.
On Wednesday, Japan signed a 123 billion yen ($1.2 billion) official development assistance deal with Bangladesh to help the South Asian nation improve its infrastructure.
Development goals could not be reached without the help of private giving from U.S. nongovernmental organizations, foundations and corporations, which nearly equals U.S. official development assistance.
Data for 2017/18 (July/June) showed its development assistance was nearly 70% of PNG's total official development assistance, equivalent to about 8% of the budget.
"It will also have another effect with regard to China's own outward-bound investments on the continent," he added, saying these could also affect official development assistance.
The World Bank estimated in 0003 that global remittance flows exceeded $601 billion, with developing countries receiving about $441 billion - nearly three times the amount of official development assistance.
Figures released on Monday showed that official development assistance (ODA) was $22016 billion, down 22017 percent on 235.3, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
They send the remaining 15 percent home in remittances, providing vital lifelines to developing countries that add up to three times the value of official development assistance from richer nations.
Although donors exceeded the $43 billion commitment they made in 2013, disbursing $21.8 billion two years ahead of schedule, the report also found that official development assistance is still too low.
We are, for example, the second-largest financial contributor to the United Nations, and have provided more than $330 billion of Official Development Assistance, accepted 560,000 trainees from developing nations and dispatched 190,000 experts and volunteers.
Afghanistan's international partners should retain the official development assistance they provide at current levels — $15.2 billion pledged at Brussels from 2016 to 2020 — in any pledging conference to adequately support demilitarization and disarmament of Taliban fighters.
Australia has long been the largest donor to PNG, and data for 2017/18 (July/June) showed its development assistance was nearly 70% of PNG's total Official Development Assistance (ODA), which equates to around 8 per cent of the budget.
A clear majority of U.S. spending was in the form of official development assistance (ODA), "the strict definition of aid, " while the bulk of Chinese spending focused on other official flows (OOF), which is primarily intended for commercial projects, AidData said.
Washington tops Beijing in overall spending in the developing world, however, the majority of U.S. funds go  official development assistance (ODA), whereas the bulk of Chinese spending focuses on other official flows (OOF), which is primarily intended for commercial projects.
Japan's marshaling of official development assistance in the region has drawn less attention than the effort that China calls "One Belt, One Road," a network of roads, railways and ports intended to link China to the rest of Asia and to Europe.
Public finance, including official development assistance and domestic resource mobilization, is necessary to work towards the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda, but alone is insufficient to support the economic growth and sustainable development necessary to lift all populations from poverty.
While China provides roughly $5 billion a year in official development assistance (ODA), the type of projects most people typically associate with overseas aid, the bulk of its spending is on other official flows (OOF), which do not meet ODA criteria and can include commercial projects.
He added that Japan would consider "any other requests" on the Andaman and Nicobar chain or elsewhere and was eager to use official development assistance to enhance India's "connectivity" with countries that are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations or the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation.
The most widely used measure of aid is "Official Development Assistance" (ODA).
The Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs rent UN City for the UN through official development assistance funds.
The High Commission supports and manages Australia's extensive Official Development Assistance program to Kiribati, which constitutes 31% of all ODA to the country (15% of Kiribati's GDP).
Long version: "Implement all development assistance commitments: Developed countries to implement fully their official development assistance commitments, including the commitment by many developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7 per cent of gross national income for official development assistance (oda/gni) to developing countries and 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of oda/gni to least developed countries; oda providers are encouraged to consider setting a target to provide at least 0.20 per cent of oda/gni to least developed countries." This target has one Indicator: Indicator 17.2.1 is the "Net official development assistance, total and to least developed countries, as a proportion of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee donors’ gross national income (GNI)".
LuxDev handles almost all of the resources allocated by the government of Luxembourg to bilateral official development assistance. It can however also execute programs financed by other bilateral donors and the European Commission.
Norad finances NGOs and does its own research and projects. The current director general is Jon Lomøy. Norad used to be the official development assistance organization in Norway. As of mid-2004, the responsibility for state-to-state official development assistance has been transferred to the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, while Norad continues to fund NGO activities in developing countries, contributes to the management of development funds and endeavours to ensure that the Norwegian development cooperation is evaluated and efficient.
The figures shown are based on OECD measures and definitions of international aid. Two OECD sub-types of aid are included - official development assistance (ODA), and official aid (OA) received. Amounts are in current U.S. dollars.
Sơ sài dự án ngàn tỉ. Nguoi Lao Dong. May 12, 2010. The cost of the line is estimated at US$55.85 billion, to be funded by official development assistance from Japan and by the Vietnamese government itself.
Bangladesh currently receives ~$100 million from Canadian official development assistance per year as of January 2014. It is estimated that around 34,000 (2012) Bangladeshi people live in Canada, primarily in cities like Toronto, Vancouver, Montreal, Calgary, Edmonton, and Ottawa.
Official development assistance is a measure of government-contributed aid, compiled by the Development Assistance Committee(DAC) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) since 1969. The DAC consists of 34 of the largest aid- donating countries.
The Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (, ) is a government department of the Prime Ministry of Turkey. TİKA is responsible for organization of the bulk of Turkey's official development assistance to developing countries, with a particular focus on Turkic countries and communities.
Canada provides aid to Egypt. Official development assistance (ODA) from Canada to Egypt is estimated 17m US dollars in 2010-2011. Aid has been targeted at micro-finance, helping private sector growth in small enterprises, funding for apprenticeships, training, and literacy.
In 2014, he came second in a ballot to determine who could first introduce a Private Member's Bill, behind his LibDem colleague Andrew George.Private members bill chicken , BBC News Moore pledged to introduce a bill committing the UK Government to devote a minimum of 0.7 per cent of its national income to international aid. The Bill passed successfully through all stages in the House of Commons and House of Lords, under the title of the International Development (Official Development Assistance Target) Bill 2014-15 and received Royal Assent as the International Development (Official Development Assistance Target) Act 2015 on 26 March 2015.
It is the responsibility of the official development assistance to ensure that, most developing countries are supported in areas of water and sanitation related activities and programs rather than making use of their domestic resources, tariffs and public finance obtain through taxation.
In 3rd International Conference on Social and Complementary Currencies. Salvador, Brazil. Such monetary innovation is designed to go beyond official development assistance, by considering the nature of money or credit and alternatives way it can be created.Bendell, J., Slater, M. & Ruddick, W., 2015.
1 is the "Aid for Trade commitments and disbursements". The indicator 8.a.1 is measured as total Official Development Assistance (ODA) allocated to aid for trade in 2015 US$. In 2018, aid for trade commitments remained stable, at $58 billion, based on current prices.
About 80–85% of developmental aid comes from government sources as official development assistance (ODA). The remaining 15–20% comes from private organisations such as "non-governmental organisations" (NGOs), foundations and other development charities (e.g., Oxfam).OECD, DAC1 Official and Private Flows (op. cit.).
University of Malta also hosts the Islands and Small States Institute, Foundation for International Studies. Other institutional participants included the New Zealand Official Development Assistance (NZODA) Programme. In 1996, the concept of a composite vulnerability index had been tentatively taken up by Commonwealth policy analysts.
A map of official development assistance distribution in 2005. World Bank reports that Iraq was the top recipient of development aid in 2005 followed by Nigeria. However, this is due to the significant debt relief deals that were granted to these nations that year - when donor countries write off a portion of a recipient country's debt, it is counted as official development assistance from the donor country. The OECD reports that in 2009 Africa received the largest amount of ODA, at $28 billion. Of that, $25 billion went to countries south of the Sahara, with Sudan receiving approximately $1.9 billion and Ethiopia getting $1.8 billion.
The success of the 2030 agenda requires inclusive partnerships to achieve the common goals adopted. These partnerships need to be set at the different constituencies (local, national, regional and global level) and consider SDGs principles, vision and values to place people and planet first now more than ever to recover from sanitary crisis and build back while achieving the SDGs. More often than not, the actualization of the Sustainable development goals, at the global level, depends on the effectiveness of the official development assistance. The Official development assistance needs to leverage on international collaboration for the public financing of the developing countries that remained unfulfilled by the donors.
The Philippine-Japan Friendship Highway project started out in the mid-1960s with a single US$25 million Japan Export-Import Bank loan meant for the purchase of equipment for road development. But the Marcos administration requested its expansion to incorporate a bridge between Leyte and Samar, and various sea traffic projects such as roll-on/roll-off ferries. The cost of the construction was US$22 million (about ), which was acquired through Official Development Assistance loans from Japan's Overseas Technical Cooperation Agency (OTCA), the predecessor of today's Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). This was the first Official Development Assistance from Japan to the Philippines through JICA.
Its Working Party on Statistics tracks official development assistance over time, providing a firm basis for analytical work on aid trends and for assessments of aid effectiveness. Beyond the traditional OECD aid donors, its data collection also includes other official and private flows to developing countries.
Her graduate research focussed on human rights, global governance and official development assistance. From 1999 to 2004, Benoît hosted and produced Here and Now, CBC Radio One's newsmagazine weekday afternoons on CBLA-FM in Toronto."Benoit to host afternoon radio show". Saskatoon StarPhoenix, August 6, 1999.
23 May 2009. The book suggests that official development assistance (ODA), as opposed to humanitarian aid, perpetuates the cycle of poverty and hinders economic growth in Africa.Majhanovich, Suzanne and Macleans A. Geo-JaJa. Economics, Aid and Education: Implications for Development . Springer Science & Business Media, 2013. pp. 17–18.
This is a list of countries based on the official development assistance (ODA) they have received for the given year. Although development aid rose in 2013 to the highest level ever recorded, a trend of a falling share of aid going to the neediest sub-Saharan African countries continued.
Official development assistance (ODA) is a term coined by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to measure foreign aid. The DAC first used the term in 1969. It is widely used as an indicator of international aid flow. It includes some loans.
When several Western countries froze their official development assistance for Uganda in response to the country's Anti- Homosexuality Act in 2014, Wöhrl warned that "stopping all the aid would only hit the poorest of poor once again."Philipp Sandner (February 27, 2014), [German aid for Uganda as yet unchanged] Deutsche Welle.
In the Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health, several key areas of action were identified to address inequalities, including promotion of participatory policy-making processes, strengthening global governance and collaboration, and encouraging developed countries to reach a target of 0.7% of gross national product (GNP) for official development assistance.
Bayartsaikhan was not re-elected in the 2008 Mongolian legislative election. Bayartsaikhan served as the Minister of Trade for Mongolia from 2006 to 2007. This position involved chairing the parliamentary standing committee on the budget. As trade minister, he was involved in managing the continuation of Official development assistance from Japan to Mongolia.
These figures do not include locally employed staff outside Australia. Total Australian Official Development Assistance in 2005-06 was A$2,605 million, not all of it administered by AusAID. AusAID administered $1,587 million of expenses in 2005-06 and also had departmental expenses (i.e. under its direct control) of A$78 million.
It is the world's fourth biggest aid donor after the United States, the United Kingdom and France.Table: Net Official Development Assistance 2009 OECD Germany spent 0.37 per cent of its gross domestic product (GDP) on development, which is below the government's target of increasing aid to 0.51 per cent of GDP by 2010.
300x300px The full title of Target 15.a is: "Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems." This target has one Indcator: Indicator 15.a.1 is the "Official development assistance and public expenditure on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems".
The Philippines attaches great importance in its relations with China, and has established significant cooperation with the country. Japan is the biggest bilateral contributor of official development assistance to the country. Although historical tensions exist due to the events of World War II, much of the animosity has faded.Dolan, Ronald E. (Ed.). (1991).
Parties pull out all the stops as 24 candidates vie for five seats. As of 2012, she is a member in the Committees on Financial Affairs (zaisei kin'yū), Oversight of Administration (gyōsei kansa) and the Special Committee on Official Development Assistance and Related Matters (seifu kaihatsu enjo nado ni kan suru tokubetsu-iinkai).
The President hold a bilateral meetings with the other Heads of State attending the summit. President Aquino already met with Prime Minister Naoto Kan during the ASEAN Summit in Hanoi, Vietnam last month, as the government of Japan approved a 21.4 billion peso Official Development Assistance (ODA) to fund major infrastructure projects in the Philippines.
He was put in charge of various reform efforts within the ministry and was chiefly responsible for the Foreign Ministry updating and reforming Official Development Assistance (ODA). He left the ministry after he was elected in February 2005 to be the next governor of Gifu Prefecture, replacing Governor Taku Kajiwara, who had served for 16 years as governor.
A video by non-governmental organization Water.org of a woman collecting water in Haiti Almost all investments are financed by grants from NGOs or official development assistance, chiefly the IDB, the World Bank, USAID and the European Union. As of 2013, for the first time a venture capital firm announced it would finance investments in the Haitian water sector.
The normalization of diplomatic relationships between China and Japan was said to have contributed greatly to the prosperity of the Asia-Pacific region and peace. Since normalization, both economic and cultural exchanged started to improve. The interactions between the people of China and Japan also improved. From 1979 onwards, Japan started offering Official Development Assistance (ODA) to China.
Having previously been affiliated with the Socialist Party, Julien-Laferrière joined LREM in 2017.Aurélie Delmas (24 June 2017), La galaxie Macron sur les bancs de l’Assemblée Libération. In parliament, Julien-Laferrière serves on the Committee on Foreign Affairs.Hubert Julien-Laferrière French National Assembly. In this capacity, he is the parliament’s rapporteur for the official development assistance (ODA) budget.
Qatar's foreign aid focuses principally on the Arab world. For example, in 2013, around 93 percent of Qatar's Official Development Assistance (ODA) went to countries in the region. Syria was the largest recipient, receiving $422 million, with much of this going towards humanitarian needs. Morocco, Palestine, Egypt, Yemen and Lebanon were among the other main recipients.
Official development assistance has been criticized by several economists for being an inappropriate way of helping poor countries. The Hungarian economist Peter Thomas Bauer has been one of the most vocal of them. Another notable economist arguing against ODA is Dambisa Moyo in her book Dead Aid. She contends that a country accustomed to receiving ODA may become perpetually dependent on such aid.
GGGI is a founding member of the Green Growth Knowledge Platform together with the OECD. In June 2013, GGGI was granted Official Development Assistance (ODA) eligibility status by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development – Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC). GGGI is an observer to the OECD Development Assistance Committee Network on Environment and Development Co-operation (DAC ENVIRONET).
For several years there he was an assistant to the Official Development Assistance Manager, facilitating development programs between Japan and all 14 countries in the Southern African Development Community region. His duties involved despatching mobile clinics to poor and rural areas, and assistance in developing Mitsubishi's African affirmative action policy. Prince Cedza moved to the United States to study international relations in 2000.
The full text of Target 9.a is: "Facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries through enhanced financial, technological and technical support to African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and Small Island Developing States." This target has one Indicator: Indicator 9.a.1 is the "Total official international support (official development assistance plus other official flows) to infrastructure".
In general, large construction projects predominate in Japan's bilateral foreign aid. Within the category of social infrastructure, education absorbed 6.7% of the bilateral aid in 1990, water supply and sanitation made up 3.4%, and only 2% went for health. Food aid (0.4% of total bilateral aid in 1990) and debt relief (4.3%) also were included in Japan's official development assistance.
As already noted, the DAC is a forum for the coordination of aid efforts. One of the principal questions that has emerged over the years was how to ensure that its member states contributed equal shares of development aid. In the early 1960s, some member states contributed a significantly larger share of their GNP than others.The Story of Official Development Assistance, , p. 14.
Its budget was 32 million Swiss francs. DCAF receives core funding from Switzerland, Sweden and Liechtenstein. Projects and programmes are substantially supported by generous funding from Germany, the European Union, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Norway, Canada, Open Society Foundations, France, Slovakia, Australia, the United States, Denmark, and several other donors. All funding to DCAF qualifies as official development assistance.
IUCN's total income in 2012 was 114 million CHF, equaling approximately 95 million Euro or 116 million US dollar. IUCN's funding mainly comes from Official Development Assistance budgets of bilateral and multilateral agencies. This represented 61% of its income in 2012. Additional sources of income are the membership fees, as well as grants and project funding from foundations, institutions and corporations.
The signatories of the Incheon Declaration also agreed to make improvements in educational outcomes. For instance, it established its commitment "to ensuring that all youth and adults, especially girls and women, achieve relevant and recognized functional literacy and numeracy proficiency levels." Outcome goals also include having developed countries reaching 0.7% of gross national product (GNP) for official development assistance (ODA) to developing countries.
GNI in 2009. Source: OECD Development aid is given by governments through individual countries' international aid agencies and through multilateral institutions such as the World Bank, and by individuals through development charities. For donor nations, development aid also has strategic value; improved living conditions can positively effects global security and economic growth. Official Development Assistance (ODA) is a commonly used measure of developmental aid.
The full title of Target 15.b is: "Mobilize significant resources from all sources and at all levels to finance sustainable forest management and provide adequate incentives to developing countries to advance such management, including for conservation and reforestation." This target has one indicator: Indicator 15.b.1 is the "Official development assistance and public expenditure on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems".
EFTCA is situated in the Egyptian Foreign Ministry headquarter, Cairo The Egyptian Fund for Technical Cooperation with Africa () commonly known by the acronym "EFTCA" is the Egyptian governmental instrument that coordinates official development assistance and development cooperation programs with African countries. The head of the (EFTCA) is the Egyptian Minister of Foreign Affairs while its director general is ambassador Ahmed Darwish who is considered the real manager.
Japan's aid goals toward South Africa have grown in recent years. Toward the end of apartheid, Japan launched TICAD (Tokyo International Conference on African Development) to provide assistance to African countries. To date, six conferences have been held. At TICAD V in June 2013, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe pledged $14 billion in Official Development Assistance (ODA) to Africa over the next five years.
International remittances have a major impact on the developing economies of the world with the majority of remittances, $441 billion in 2015, going to developing nations. This amount is nearly triple the $131 billion of global Official Development Assistance. For many developing nations, remittances received make up a significant portion of their economies often receiving over 10% of their GDP in remittances each year.
Sudeshnha Ghosh Banerjee and Elvira Morella:Africa's Water and Sanitation Infrastructure. Access, Affordability, and Alternatives, World Bank, 2011, p. 217-219 The share of external financing varies greatly. In the 2001-2005 period official development assistance financed 71% of investments in Benin, 68% in Tanzania, 63% in Kenya, 43% in the DR of Congo, 34% in South Africa, 13% in Nigeria and less than 1% in Côte d'Ivoire or Botswana.Sudeshnha Ghosh Banerjee and Elvira Morella:Africa's Water and Sanitation Infrastructure. Access, Affordability, and Alternatives, World Bank, 2011, Appendix 6, calculated from Table A6.3 Existing Financial Flows to Water and Sanitation Sectors, p. 376-377 According to another World Bank study of 5 countries, in the 2002-2008 period official development assistance financed on average 62% of public expenditures on water and sanitation. The share varied from 83% in Sierra Leone to 23% in the Republic of Congo.
The DAR Official Development Assistance Portfolio Reviews. Foreign-Assisted Projects Office, retrieved June 29, 2011 He served as the Chairman of the DA-DAR-DENR Regional Convergence Initiative (RCI) on Rural Development in Region XIPIA Press Release. (2011-03-29). DA, DAR, DENR eye program convergence for rural development. Philippine Information Agency, retrieved August 13, 2011 and the National President of the DAR Association of Regional Directors and Executives (DARE).
Most official development assistance (ODA) comes from the 30 members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), or about $135 billion in 2013. A further $15.9 billion came from the European Commission and non-DAC countries gave an additional $9.4 billion. Although development aid rose in 2013 to the highest level ever recorded, a trend of a falling share of aid going to the neediest sub-Saharan African countries continued.
The estimated construction cost was 4,832 billion vietnamese đồng (approximately US$342.6 million). It was built under the supervision of consultant Nippon Koei-Chodai, which was working with Japanese contractors, including the Taisei Corporation, Kajima Construction and Nippon Steel. Capital for the project was provided by the Japan International Cooperation Agency, which received official development assistance loans from the Japan Bank of International Cooperation and the Vietnamese government.
To address the pollution in the lake, the Government of Andhra Pradesh took initiatives to divert the sewage and industrial effluents into treatment plants. The treated water is then released into the lake to improve the quality of water. To further aid these initiatives, the government initiated a project in March 2006. The Japan Bank for International Cooperation provided as an official development assistance loan to the state government.
As of March 31, 2006, the IFO operations accounted for ¥985.5 billion. The ODA operations were aimed mainly at developing countries, especially those in Asia, which accounted for 15.8% of the bank's operations in 2004 fiscal year. These operations provide long-term and low-interest loans to important projects that develop social structure and infrastructure of developing countries. The JBIC's financial assistance represented 40 percent of Japan's official development assistance.
Most official development assistance (ODA) comes from the 28 members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), or about $135 billion in 2013. A further $15.9 billion came from the European Commission and non-DAC countries gave an additional $9.4 billion. Although development aid rose in 2013 to the highest level ever recorded, a trend of a falling share of aid going to the neediest sub-Saharan African countries continued.
In 2009, Niebel was appointed Federal Minister of Economic Cooperation and Development in the second government of Chancellor Angela Merkel. His party ally Guido Westerwelle took over the office of Foreign Minister. During their time in office, German official development assistance came to 10.83 billion euros by 2013, making the country the world's third largest donor in 2012 and 2013.Memorandum for the DAC Peer Review of Germany, 2015 OECD.
Uganda is not included in the IV Cooperation Master Plan 2013–2016, nor has it been in the previous ones. However, it has received support from Spanish cooperation through decentralized cooperation and NGDOs, as well as through multilateral cooperation. According to the latest available data (2010), the contribution of Official Development Assistance to Spain in Uganda amounted to just over 22 million euros that year.Ficha de Uganda Office of Diplomatic Information.
Consuelo Katrina A. Lopa (2003) highlighted that the NGOs and their beneficiaries will be greatly affected by foreign policy changes if the NGOs only depend on a single donor for contributions.Consuelo Katrina A. Lopa, "The Rise of Philippine NGOs in Managing Development Assistance," (2003). As a result of the need to increase the sources of income, PDAP is also funding its projects through contributions from Canadian NGOs and Official Development Assistance (ODA).
Recto was elected to the Senate in 2001, becoming the youngest Senator of the 12th Congress at the age of 37. In the Senate, he chaired the Committees on Ways and Means and on Trade and Industry. He was co-chairman of the Congressional Oversight Committees on the Proper Implementation of the National Internal Revenue Code (NIRC) and on the Official Development Assistance (ODA). He was also chairman of the Accounts committee.
In April 2012, Nguyễn Tấn Dũng met with Japanese Deputy Prime Minister Okada Katsuya. He expressed his approval with the growing level of cooperation between Vietnam and Japan and they discussed moving forward. They talked about ways accelerate visitation and simplifying both entry procedures and exchange programs. Nguyễn Tấn Dũng stated that Vietnam wants to cooperate further and learn from Japan's experience in social insurance and continue to increase Japanese official development assistance.
Danish development assistance to Cambodia includes a number of efforts undertaken by several Danish organizations. Denmark supports Human Rights, Democracy and Good Governance in Cambodia.Fourth High Level Consultation between The Royal Government of Cambodia and The Government of Denmark The Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) is the official development assistance organization for the State of Denmark, when the country operates aid across the world. DANIDA has adopted a zero tolerance policy against corruption and bribery.
Most of Vietnam's railway infrastructure—including bridges, rail trucks, track beds, rolling stocks, signals and communication equipment, and maintenance facilities—has suffered severe deterioration, mainly due to damage inflicted during the Vietnam War and a subsequent lack of capital investment and maintenance. More recently, rehabilitation projects sustained by official development assistance have allowed the most critical pieces of infrastructure along the line to be replaced, although much work still remains to be done.
London: Taylor & Francis. p. 100. the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance is considered to be the oldest binding military alliance in the world. The UK is also closely linked with the Republic of Ireland; the two countries share a Common Travel Area and co-operate through the British-Irish Intergovernmental Conference and the British-Irish Council. Britain's global presence and influence is further amplified through its trading relations, foreign investments, official development assistance and military engagements.
The International Development Committee is a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The remit of the Committee is to examine the expenditure, administration and policy of the international aid functions of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and public bodies which work with the Office in relation to international aid and official development assistance. The Independent Commission for Aid Impact reports to this Select Committee.
It was inaugurated on July 2, 1973, in time for Imelda Marcos's birthday. The cost of the construction reached $22 million and was acquired through the Japanese Official Development Assistance loans. At the time the project was conceived, there was not a need yet for a bridge that connects Leyte and Samar, for both of these provinces were still relatively underdeveloped. There was not enough traffic between these two islands to warrant a bridge to be constructed there.
In 2015, Denmark contributed 0.85% of its gross national income (GNI) to foreign aid and was one of only six countries meeting the longstanding UN target of 0.7% of GNI.As measured in official development assistance (ODA). Denmark, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom exceeded the United Nations' ODA target of 0.7% of GNI. The country participates in both bilateral and multilateral aid, with the aid usually administered by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Japanese ODA to China (1979–2013) Japan's Official Development Assistance (ODA) to China began in 1979 after the Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China signed in 1978. From 1979 to 2013, Japan has provided 24 billion USD in loan aid and 7.7 billion dollars in grant aid including 6.6 billion in technical cooperation, a total of US$32 billion. Even in 2013, Japan still provided US$296 million loan and US$30 million grant.
During the first decade of the 20th century, the two countries started opening legations in Tokyo and Stockholm, then promoted to embassies in 1957. Japan is Sweden's second largest trading partner in Asia, and some Swedish policies on welfare, population ageing and international affairs like peacekeeping and official development assistance have been taken concern, or even example of, by Japan. The bilateral relations are also strengthened through state visits, royal visits, cultural or academic exchanges from both side.
On March 9, 2010, Yasui was nominated as an official candidate of the Democratic Party of Japan. At the 22nd Upper House Election in July, she won with 676,681 votes, 21.1% of the total votes cast in Aichi prefecture. She joined the House of Councillors on July 26, 2010. In the Diet, she has served on committees including Economy and Industry, Audit, Research on Deflation-Ending Measures and the Special Committee on Official Development Assistance and Relation Matters.
Japan is one of the largest donors of development aid to Indonesia; this development aid is facilitated through the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and through international agencies, especially the Asian Development Bank. Among ASEAN countries, Indonesia is the largest Japan's Official Development Assistance recipient.JICA Indonesia Office For forty years, between 1967 and 2007, Japanese aid to Indonesia was provided within the arrangements of, first, the Inter-Governmental Group on Indonesia, and later the Consultative Group on Indonesia.
The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) has committed $75 million for technical cooperation projects in Poland in the 1990s to support the country's transformation. Those programs stopped in 2004 with Poland's accession to the EU. Canada's support has evolved and the two countries now jointly fund development projects in third countries. CIDA's Official Development Assistance in Central Europe (ODACE) develops Poland's capacities as a donor of foreign aid. Canadian Studies Centres and programmes are flourishing in Polish universities.
Mfonobong Nsehe (August 5, 2011), Five Notable African Philanthropists Forbes. He has published his autobiography, ‘Fighting for Justice’ and more recently published his book 'Change: Organising Tomorrow, Today.' In 2013, at the request of the French Minister of Development, Pascal Canfin, Naidoo co-authored a report (with Emmanuel Faber) on reforming Official Development Assistance. That same year, he chaired an international inquiry into labour rights violations in Swaziland, alongside Alec Muchadehama, Paul Verryn and Nomthetho Simelane.
The Marcos Japanese ODA Scandal, referred to in Japan simply as the , or "Marcos scandal", refers to incidents of alleged corruption linked to Japanese Official Development Assistance to the Philippines during Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos' administration. The scandal so preoccupied the Japanese legislature in 1986 that the legislative session of that year earned the nickname of the "Marcos Diet." The lessons from the Marcos scandals were among the reasons why Japan created its 1992 ODA Charter.
Japanese ODA to China (1979–2013) Japan's Official Development Assistance to China began in 1979 after the Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China signed in 1978. From 1979 to 2013, Japan has provided 24 billion USD in loan aid and 7,796 million dollar in grant aid including US$6,577 million in technical cooperation, a total of US$32 billion. Even in 2013, Japan still provided US$296 million loan and US$30 million grant.
The consortium comprises Singapore's Yongnam Holdings, Changi Airport Planners and Engineers, a subsidiary of Changi Airport Group and Japan's JGC Corporation. The contract is worth $1.45 billion and the consortium will get official development assistance from the Japanese government for up to 49 percent of the total contract. The rest of the funding will come from private lending ($517 million) and investments from the consortium ($222 million). The completion date is now pushed back to 2022.
Donor countries are most commonly compared by the amount of Official Development Assistance given and their quantity of aid as a percent of GDP. However, there is an increasing focus placed on the quality of aid, rather than simply the quantity. The Commitment to Development Index is one such measure that ranks the largest donors on a broad range of their "development friendly" policies. It takes into account the quality of aid, in addition to the quantity, penalizing countries for tied aid.
Also in 2013, Huppert secured a debate on Education Funding in Cambridgeshire, which resulted in Cambridgeshire schools receiving an extra £23.2 million in government funding, £2.7 million more than originally expected. In 2014, he presented a bill to parliament to improve conditions for those in the private rented sector. Huppert also co-sponsored the International Development (Official Development Assistance Target) Bill, which enshrined in law a commitment by the UK to spend 0.7% of its gross national income (GNI) on aid every year.
The official development assistance (ODA) is defined by "the flows to countries and territories on the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) list of ODA recipients and to multilateral institutions". Institutions can by official agencies, state and local governments. The transactions should mainly promote the economic development and welfare of developing countries. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) highlights the fact that biodiversity-related ODA may often target multiple objectives at the same time, such as climate change and gender equality.
Irish Aid () is the Government of Ireland's official international development aid programme. Irish Aid is managed by the Development Co-Operation and Africa Division (DCAD) of the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) . The Irish Government allocated €651 million to official development assistance (ODA) in 2017, mainly focused on overseas aid to reduce poverty and hunger, and to improve education, healthcare and governance in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Latin America. The Irish Aid programme is an integral part of Ireland's foreign policy.
For its development projects in Mali between 2000 and 2007, the World Bank awarded technical consultancy and infrastructure contracts totalling U$12.7m. to a number of Canadian businesses, The Government of Canada contributed a total of US$31.8m. to international financial institutions and regional development banks in support of programming in Mali from FY1999-2000 to FY 2006–2007.CIDA, Statistical Report on International Assistance, 2006–2007, Statistical Report on Official Development Assistance, 1999–2000 to 2005–2006, converted to US dollars.
Japan has been one of the largest Official development assistance donor countries. Thus, Japan, along with India, are considered the most likely candidates for two of the new permanent seats. China has stated that it was ready to support India's move for a permanent seat on the UNSC if India did not associate its bid with Japan. This may be contrary to the Indian stand since Japan and India are both members of the G4 and support each other's candidature.
The United States also contributed to various international institutions and private voluntary organizations that serviced Nepal for a total contribution to multilateral aid in excess of US$250 million in the 1980s. Other Western countries and official development assistance and bilateral commitments for the 1980-87 period totaled US$1.8 billion. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) provided US$30 million in bilateral aid from 1979 to 1989. Communist countries provided US$273 million in aid from 1970 to 1988.
There is some coverage of recent events, for example the conflict Libya, work in Afghanistan and the deaths of Osama Bin Laden and Anwar Al Awlaki. It also looks at domestic issues such as the new CONTEST and Prevent strategies, and security for the Olympics. It reports on developments in the FCO network and the DFID Official Development Assistance programme and there is also an update on the UK’s alliances. However the Joint Committee criticised the document for being "almost unrelentingly positive".
Most ODA comes from the 30 members of the DAC, or about $135 billion in 2013. A further $15.9 billion came from the European Commission and non-DAC countries gave an additional $9.4 billion. Although development aid rose in 2013 to the highest level ever recorded, a trend of a falling share of aid going to the neediest sub-Saharan African countries continued. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 10 however aims to rectify this trend by encouraging official development assistance and financial flows to these nations.
The or JSDF is an official development assistance program funded for World Bank by the government of Japan. The fund was originally set up in 2000 during the Asian financial crisis to reach those affected by supporting community development projects. The funds are contributed to the program through the Ministry of Finance of Japan. Since its creation the program has been an important source of funding for the provision of innovative development assistance in lower-income countries and a source of knowledge on community- based development.
Donor countries for Afghanistan include the United States and Canada. The aid provided under guidelines of the Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is known as Official Development Assistance (ODA). This form of aid has to be undertaken by the donor country's official sector, with promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective and concessional financial terms. Currently administered aid is inadequate as it has fallen short of the amount initially promised, 0.7% of the donor countries' GNI.
Logo used from 2001–2017. Still used alternatively. In an effort to link the different Southern Tagalog provinces to the National Capital Region, the government with the cooperation of the Provincial Government of Batangas and with the technical and country developmental assistance of the Government of Japan through the Japan Official Development Assistance, made the STAR Tollway project a reality. The STAR Tollway I, from Santo Tomas to Lipa, was opened in 2001; STAR Tollway II, from Lipa to Batangas City, opened in 2008.
The Commitment to Development Index, published annually by the Center for Global Development in Washington, D.C., is considered the best numerical indicator for MDG 8. It is a more comprehensive measure of donor progress than official development assistance, as it takes into account policies on a number of indicators that affect developing countries such as trade, migration and investment. The MDGs were attacked for insufficient emphasis on environmental sustainability. Thus, they do not capture all elements needed to achieve the ideals set out in the Millennium Declaration.
The Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA, Korean: 한국국제협력단, Hanja: 韓國國際協力團) was established in 1991 by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of South Korea as a governmental organization for Official Development Assistance (ODA) to enhance the effectiveness of South Korea's grant aid programs for developing countries by implementing the government's grant aid and technical cooperation programs. It is led by three-year-term president of the board who is appointed by the President upon the recommendation of Foreign Minister.
Another early question was what a donor could include when it reported its aid efforts to the committee. It was necessary to make the distinction between official transactions that were made with the main objective of promoting the economic and social development of developing countries, as opposed to other official flows (OOF) like military assistance. To that end, the committee adopted the concept of Official Development Assistance (ODA) in 1969. The DAC revised the definition in 1972, which has remained unchanged since then,Ibid.
In recent years the government and Central Bank have undertaken serious steps to modernize the country's payment system infrastructure. These efforts included the establishment of a code-line clearing system for the exchange of cheques and electronic funds as well as a Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) system, including SWIFT connection. The stock exchange implemented a Central Securities Depository in 2007. Remittance Flows for Botswana amounted to US$117 million in 2007, a figure that is higher than the total net value of official development assistance.
The Lagos Plan accepts the conclusions of the Conference of African Least Developed Countries in 1980 on the issues facing the least developed countries. It was recognized that these countries were facing similar problems that required collective and similar solutions. The Plan also aimed to develop these countries in an effort to achieve sustainability through increased Official Development Assistance. The creation of a Conference of Minister of African Least Developed Countries was called for as well as increased projection models for the least developed countries.
It is the world's fifth largest donor of official development assistance, donating US$9.2 billion in 2014. In 2017, Japan had the fifth largest diplomatic network in the world. Japan has close economic and military relations with the United States; the US-Japan security alliance acts as the cornerstone of the nation's foreign policy. The United States is a major market for Japanese exports and the primary source of Japanese imports and is committed to defending the country, having military bases in Japan partially for that purpose.
The Jordanian economy is one of the smallest economies in the region, and the country's populace suffers from relatively high rates of unemployment and poverty. Jordan's economy is relatively well diversified. Trade and finance combined account for nearly one-third of GDP; transportation and communication, public utilities, and construction account for one-fifth, and mining and manufacturing constitute nearly another fifth. Net official development assistance to Jordan in 2009 totalled US$761 million; according to the government, approximately two-thirds of this was allocated as grants, of which half was direct budget support.
The steam turbine drives a synchronous hydrogen cooled Alsthom/ABB licensed generator, which delivers 309 MW net, 330 MW gross power. Cooling water is provided by the Jiu River and condenser cooling is delivered by 7 × natural draft cooling towers in countercurrent. The power plant is required to have some regulations on their sulfur emissions, so the project may be financed by a yen-based official development assistance loan from the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) to install flue gas desulfurization units on the power plants to remove around 95% of SO2.
Distributions of tied and untied aidOECD 2006 Tied aid is foreign aid that must be spent in the country providing the aid (the donor country) or in a group of selected countries. A developed country will provide a bilateral loan or grant to a developing country, but mandate that the money be spent on goods or services produced in the selected country. From this it follows that untied aid has no geographical limitations. In 2006, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) estimated that 41.7 percent of Official Development Assistance is untied.OECD. (2006).
For acrylic, the red color is 5.7R 3.7/15.5 and white is N9.4; nylon has 6.2R 4/15.2 for red and N9.2 for white. In a document issued by the Official Development Assistance (ODA), the red color for the Hinomaru and the ODA logo is listed as DIC 156 and CMYK 0-100-90-0. During deliberations about the Law Regarding the National Flag and National Anthem, there was a suggestion to either use a shade or use one from the color pool of the Japanese Industrial Standards.
This 2008 Survey covers more than half all the official development assistance delivered in 2007—nearly USD$45 billion. The evidence so far suggests that progress has been made. For example, more than one third of developing countries surveyed had improved their systems for managing public funds; almost 90% of donor countries had untied their aid; and technical cooperation is more in line with developing countries’ own development programmes. Despite these improvements, however, the results of the Survey show that the pace of progress remains too slow to reach the targets set in 2010.
The full title of this target is: "By 2020, substantially expand globally the number of scholarships available to developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States and African countries, for enrollment in higher education, including vocational training and information and communications technology, technical, engineering and scientific programs, in developed countries and other developing countries." This target has one indicator: Indicator 4.b.1 is "Volume of official development assistance (ODA) flows for scholarships" ODA for scholarships amounted to $1.6 billion in 2018, up from $1.3 billion in 2017.
Patents are referred to PMH for basic surgery, such as peptic ulcers, appendicitis, hernias, removal of lesions and other minor procedures. Patents requiring more complex surgery are sent to the Colonial War Memorial Hospital in Suva, Fiji or to New Zealand under the NZ Medical Assistance Scheme, which is part of the Official Development Assistance (ODA) Programme administered by the NZ Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. In 2010 there were a total of 18 patients sent for surgery, mainly to Fiji. Specialist eye and plastic surgeon teams from Australia and Taiwan also visit PMH.
In 2019, under the administration of President Rodrigo Duterte, the government revealed that it would not continue with the project under a public–private partnership agreement as proposed during the Aquino administration, but would instead pursue the project using Official Development Assistance loan from China. Some lawyers have also noted that the interest rate of the Chinese deal was 2%, while the Japanese deal that was sidelined by the government only had a 1.25% interest. The Japanese have since renewed their call for the Philippine government to reconsider their proposal.
After the 2014 Belgian federal election and its Federal Government formation, it was decided that he would remain Deputy Prime Minister in the newly formed Michel I Government. De Croo also became Minister of Development Cooperation, Digital Agenda, Telecom and Postal Services while Daniel Bacquelaine took over from him as Minister of Pensions. This government took office on 11 October 2014. During De Croo's time in office, Belgium became the first country to suspend official development assistance to Burundi after the beginning of violent unrest in the African country from 2015.
In 1997, Denmark and Cambodia signed an agreement on development cooperation in the areas of the environment and natural resources. In 2001, the first bilateral technical consultations on the cooperation was held in Phnom Penh and an agreement was signed on the implementation of a five-year environmental support program with a total official development assistance (ODA) budget of more than DKK 240 million. On 3 September 2002, Denmark established a representative office in Phnom Penh. In 2011, the Danish government decided to out-phase its ODA to Asia over a two-year period.
Japanese alt=An 700T type high speed train of Taiwan High Speed Rail, which is a derative of Japan Shinkansen. National railway company Vietnam Railways has proposed a high-speed rail link between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, capable of running at speeds of . Funding for the line would come mainly from the Vietnamese government, with Japanese aid in the form of official development assistance (ODA). Current technology allows trains travelling on the current, single-track Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City line to complete the journey in approximately thirty hours.
The United States and Kazakhstan reaffirmed the importance of democratic development and efforts to strengthen representative institutions such as an independent media and local self-government. Both sides acknowledged the importance of a vibrant and varied civil society during the Strategic Partnership Dialogue roundtable on governance and human rights with non-governmental organizations. The United States welcomes Kazakhstan's efforts to establish a national development assistance agency, KazAID. Secretary Kerry Meets With Kazakhstan President Nazarbayev in Astana, 2015 Kazakhstan is the first country in Central Asia to have a national system of ODA (official development assistance).
The Netherlands is among the world's leading aid donors, giving almost $8 billion, about 0.8% of its gross national income (GNI) in official development assistance (ODA). It is one of five countries worldwide that meets the longstanding UN ODA target of 0.7% ODA/GNI. The country consistently contributes large amounts of aid through multilateral channels, especially the United Nations Development Programme, the international financial institutions, and EU programs. A large portion of Dutch aid funds also is channeled through private ("co-financing") organizations that have almost total autonomy in choice of projects.
Officially supported export credit may be connected to official development assistance (ODA) in two ways. First, they may be mixed with ODA, while still financing the same project (mixed credit). As the export credit is tied to purchases in the issuing country, the whole package qualifies as a tied aid credit, even if the ODA part is untied aid. Second, tied aid credits are not very different from export credits, except in interest, grace period (the time when there is no repayment of the principal) and terms of repayment.
The LRTA is also currently conducting studies on the feasibility of a , four-station Line 1 spur from Baclaran towards Terminal 3 of the Ninoy Aquino International Airport, with a projected daily capacity of 40,000 passengers. Funding for the project could be sourced from either official development assistance or a public-private partnership. Meanwhile, Line 2 is being extended by 4-kilometers (2.5 mi) eastward from Marikina up to Masinag, Antipolo in the province of Rizal. The East Extension Project could be extended as far as Cogeo, Antipolo.
The World Bank's assistance program for Vietnam has three objectives: to support Vietnam's transition to a market economy, to enhance equitable and sustainable development and to promote good governance. From 1993 through 2004, Vietnam received pledges of US$29 billion of official development assistance (ODA), of which about US$14 billion, or 49%, has been disbursed. In 2004, international donors pledged ODA of US$2.25 billion, of which US$1.65 billion actually was disbursed. Three donors accounted for 80% of disbursements in 2004: Japan, the World Bank, and the Asian Development Bank.
Remittances to Africa play an important role in national economies. However, little data exists as many rely on informal channels to send money home. Immigrants from Africa today number approximately 20 to 30 million adults, who send around US$40 billion annually to their families and local communities back home. For the region as a whole, this represents 50 percent more than net official development assistance (ODA) from all sources, and, for most countries, the amount also exceeds foreign direct investment (FDI). In several fragile states, remittances are estimated to exceed 50 percent of GDP.
Japan's official development assistance accounted for ¥59 billion ($504.27 million) of the investment, while the remaining amount was covered by local funds. The new international terminal was inaugurated on 4 January 2015 together with a new freeway connecting the airport to downtown Hanoi via the Nhật Tân Bridge. The airport has a 3,800-meter paved runway (CAT II – 11R/29L) which opened in August 2006 and an older 3,200-meter paved runway (CAT I – 11L/29R). The older runway was closed for upgrades for 4 months from August to December 2014.
Hironaka contested the election from the national PR block. She was listed 39th on the DPJ's party ticket in the contest for 48 seats, making it realistically impossible for her to retain a seat. The party received enough votes for 16 seats in the election, ending Hironaka's career in the Diet. During her time in the Diet, Hironaka also served as Director of the Research Committee on International Affairs and Global Warming Issues and a Member of both the Committee on Environment and Official Development Assistance and Related Matters.
So far, most donor states have failed to meet their 0.7% commitment from the Monterrey Consensus of their Gross National Income (GNI) dedicated to Official Development Assistance. Furthermore, in most developing countries the budget allocated for the social, and especially the Health sector, has been insufficient as it fails to meet the 15% Gross National Product (GNP) requirement dedicated to the Health Sector stated in the Abuja declaration of African leaders in 2001. Innovative financing mechanisms emerged at the beginning of the twenty-first century as alternative mechanisms to help bridge the development financing gap.
The Climate Investment Funds (CIFs) were designed by developed and developing countries and are implemented with the multilateral development banks (MDBs) to bridge the financing and learning gap between now and the next international climate change agreement. CIFs are two distinct funds: the Clean Technology Fund and the Strategic Climate Fund.CLIMATE-L.ORG: G8 Finance Ministers Support Climate Investment Funds The CIFs are additional to existing Official Development Assistance (ODA) and aim to enable countries to continue on their development path and achieve the Millennium Development Goals. These funds will be operated in close coordination with existing bilateral and multilateral efforts.
The investment, totalling $3.4 million over the forward estimates period, means the remaining $5.2 billion capital subscription will be required in 2019-20, which hardly seems credible if it is to be financed out of the Australian aid budget. According to research conducted by the Development Policy Centre at ANU, Australia’s declining aid expenditure puts it at odds with the aid budget trajectories that many other OECD countries are following. In 2013, the Conservative government in the UK became the first G7 donor to reach the OECD's 0.7% of GNI target, increasing its official development assistance (ODA) by 27.8% on 2012 levels.
Nevertheless, Pakistan remained high on the Japanese Official Development Assistance (ODA) program and received around 18 percent of assistance disbursed during 1961-71. War in the former East Pakistan and Japanese Red Cross’s (Seki Juji) assistance to refugees who fled to Calcutta in India, however, created differences between Pakistan and Japan. Japan viewed the crisis in East Pakistan on the basis of Bengali nationalism and supported it. On the other hand, Japan did not support Vietnamese self-determination. Unlike with what Pakistan terms “the Kashmir dispute”, Japan did not adopt complete neutrality toward the issue of East Pakistan.
Originally known as the Donor Assistance Database, the DAD was re-branded as the Development Assistance Database on August 2, 2005. The first Donor Assistance Database was a PC system developed in the scope of the G7 Support Implementation Group project for Russia in 1996 to monitor aid assistance donated from the international community. The first Donor Assistance Database tracked 20,000 projects and over US$100 billion in Official Development Assistance delivered between 1991 and 2001. The DAD was then adapted as a tool for the Newly Independent States of the former Soviet Union to monitor development assistance from the international community.
It tries to contribute to the stability of the international financial order and follows a policy of not competing with ordinary financial institutions. The bank was one of the instruments of Japan's official development assistance (ODA), which contributes to the execution of the country's foreign policy. JBIC claims to aim at sustainable development and to be concerned about social and environmental issues, and requires environmental impact assessment studies to provide funding to any project. Nonetheless, it was the biggest known financer of coal projects among public institutions worldwide in 2016 and continues to finance coal up to the present(status 2019).
During the 1970s, the government took positive measures to increase its Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries and to contribute to the stabilization of the international trade and monetary system. These measures were generally welcomed abroad, although some countries felt that the steps taken were not executed as rapidly or were not as extensive as similar efforts by some other advanced industrialized nations. Japan's ODA increased tenfold during the decade and stood at US$3.3 billion in 1980, but this ODA as a percentage of GNP was still below the average of other donor countries.
Technical cooperation grants are one type of development aid. Development aid or development cooperation (also development assistance, technical assistance, international aid, overseas aid, According to theories and statistics development aid is a probable measure to achieve economic growth in developing countries.This as a result is a major way to meet sustainable development goal 1 (end poverty in all its forms everywhere) for the developing nations. By definition Official Development Assistance (ODA), or foreign aid) is a financial aid given by governments and other agencies to support the economic, environmental, social, and political development of developing countries.
Between April–October 2017, Mr. Aynte was a Senior Advisor to the President of Somalia, H.E. Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo Among other tasks, he was responsible for planning and delivering the International London Conference on Somalia in May 2017. Mr. Aynte also helped President Farmaajo on policies and procedures governing Official Development Assistance (ODA). In November 2017, Mr. Aynte joined the United Nations as Director of Policy Planning and Strategy based in the Middle East. During his tenure as Minister, Mr. Aynte was credited with overseeing the drafting of Somalia's first National Development Plan (NDP), a three-year comprehensive economic recovery blueprint.
Second term Wieczorek-Zeul kept her office after Schröder's defeat in the 2005 elections and served in the first government Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2005 until 2009. Wieczorek- Zeul initiated the EU's target of increasing its official development assistance (ODA) from 0.51 percent by 2010 to 0.7 percent of the GDP by 2015. During her time in office, German ODA increased regularly and reached 13.9 billion US$ in disbursements in 2008, taking it to 0.38 percent of GNI.Herbert Bergmann (2009), Review of Prospects for Scaling up Germany’s Aid to Education UNESCO Education for All Global Monitoring Report.
The World Bank’s assistance program of foreign aid to Vietnam has three objectives: to support Vietnam's transition to a market economy, to enhance equitable and sustainable development, and to promote good governance. From 1993 through 2004, Vietnam received pledges of US$29 billion of Official Development Assistance (ODA), of which about US$14 billion, or 49 percent, has been disbursed. In 2004 international donors pledged ODA of US$2.25 billion, of which US$1.65 billion was disbursed. Three donors accounted for 80 percent of disbursements in 2004: Japan, the World Bank, and the Asian Development Bank.
In the late 1970s, Vietnam relied on the assistance of West German, Italian, and Canadian companies for offshore oil exploration. This ended in 1981, but resumed subsequently with Soviet technical assistance. Aid from China, reportedly close to US$300 million in 1977 and 1978, dropped to zero in 1979, and Vietnamese recovery in coal production was profoundly affected by the accompanying loss of ethnic Chinese workers. In 1979 Japan suspended its Official Development Assistance funds (a mixture of grants and low-interest loans amounting to US$135 million) and made renewal contingent upon Vietnamese withdrawal from Cambodia.
The PMU 18 scandal is a multi-million dollar political corruption scandal that involved accusations of embezzlement, bribery, nepotism, and gambling at the Vietnamese Ministry of Transport (Bộ Giao thông Vận tải, GTVT) at the beginning of 2006. The scandal received extensive press coverage in Vietnam, a rarity in the one-party state. It generated a great public outcry in Vietnam and controversy in other countries and at organizations that provided Official Development Assistance (ODA) to the country. Due to the scandal, Transport Minister Đào Đình Bình was forced to resign and his deputy was arrested.
India and Japan, two of the largest and oldest democracies in Asia, having a high degree of congruence of political, economic and strategic interests, view each other as partners that have responsibility for, and are capable of, responding to global and regional challenges. India is the largest recipient of Japanese aid and both country have a special relationship official development assistance (ODA). As of 2017, bilateral trade between India and Japan stood at US$17.63 billion. The British occupiers of India and Japan were enemies during World War II, but political relations between the two nations have remained warm since India's independence.
To avoid existing aid being redirected, additionality refers to the extra costs of adaptation. The four main definitions of additionality are: # Climate finance classified as aid, but additional to (over and above) the 0.7% ODA target; # Increase on previous year's Official Development Assistance (ODA) spent on climate change mitigation; # Rising ODA levels that include climate change finance but where it is limited to a specified percentage; and # Increase in climate finance not connected to ODA. A criticism of additionality is that it encourages business as usual that does not account for the future risks of climate change. Some advocates have thus proposed integrating climate change adaptation into poverty reduction programs.
A new international terminal funded by Japanese official development assistance and constructed by a consortium of four Japanese contractors (KTOM, abbreviation of four contractors' names: Kajima – Taisei – Obayashi – Maeda), opened in September 2007 with an initially designed capacity of 10 million passengers a year. In 2014, the terminal served over 9 million international passengers and a demand of an expansion to the terminal was in sight. The first phase of an urgent expansion to the terminal was finished in December 2016 with an addition of 2 new jet bridges and other facilities. Upon the completion of phase two, the terminal can handle 13 million passengers annually.
During the 1980s, Japan's foreign aid budget grew quickly, despite the budget constraints imposed by the effort to reduce the fiscal deficit. From 1984 to 1991, the Official Development Assistance (ODA) budget increased at an average annual rate of 22.5%, reaching US$11.1 billion by 1991. Part of this rise was the result of exchange rate movements (with given yen amounts committed in the budget becoming larger dollar amounts). During the 1980s, foreign aid rose at a lower, but still strong, rate of between 4% and 12% annually in the government budget, with an average annual rate of growth from 1979 to 1988 of 8.6%.
For instance, tied aid is often criticized as the aid given must be spent in the donor country or in a group of selected countries. Tied aid can increase development aid project costs by up to 20 or 30 percent.OECD The Typing of Aid There is also criticism because donors may give with one hand, through large amounts of development aid, yet take away with the other, through strict trade or migration policies, or by getting a foothold for foreign corporations. The Commitment to Development Index measures the overall policies of donors and evaluates the quality of their development aid, instead of just comparing the quantity of official development assistance given.
In 2000 the United Nations agreed to achieve eight international development goals by the year 2015, called the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Three of these goals are health related – to treat and fight life-threatening diseases, including HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis; to reduce childhood mortality; and to improve maternal health. Despite repeated commitments to the three health-related MDGs and increased funding available for development, HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis still have appalling human and economic consequences in developing countries. Official Development Assistance has been increasing in the past few years but cannot keep up with the damage done by the economic crisis on low- and middle- income countries.
Initially, the airport's cost was pegged at ₱4.8 billion pesos to build but was later increased. On June 9, 2014, six Japanese firms submitted bids for construction of the proposed airport at a cost of ₱7.14 billion to be funded from official development assistance (ODA) loan from the Japan International Cooperation Agency. On December 15, 2014, the Department of Transportation and Communications started its search for bidders to bid out for the operations and maintenance (and future extension) of the airport under a concession model. The Department of Transport initially planned to award a concession for the operating and maintenance of the airport in combination with two other regional airports.
Krois Krois graduated from law at the Jagiellonian University and received a Ph.D. in law at the same university in 2006, defending thesis International legal instruments against corruption. She has been also studying at the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna. In 1999, she joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland. She was working as Second Secretary for EU affairs at the Embassy in Berlin (2001–2005) and as First Secretary, Counsellor and First Counsellor at the Permanent Representation of Poland to the UN Office and International Organisations in Vienna, being responsible for issues of security, non-proliferation, terrorism and official development assistance (2006–2010).
In 1974, the Marcos administration and the CDCP tapped Japanese Official Development Assistance (ODA) loans to build the San Juanico Bridge, which crossed the San Juanico Strait and connected the two then-underdeveloped islands of Leyte and Samar. With a total length of , it remains the longest bridge spanning a body of seawater in the Philippines. It was touted as President Ferdinand Marcos' "birthday gift" to his wife Imelda,and it was one of the high-visibility foreign-loan projects initiated by Marcos during the run-up to the 1969 Presidential election campaign. Completed four years later, it was inaugurated on July 2, 1973 - Imelda Marcos' birthday.
Development cooperation in Austria is a task for the whole of government, which is why alongside the Federal Ministry of Finance and the Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs other federal ministries, the federal states and municipalities and the Oesterreichische Entwicklungsbank (Austrian Development Bank) also contribute to official development assistance (ODA). Austria reports these contributions to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Its Development Assistance Committee (DAC) then decides which payments are actually eligible to count as ODA. The legal basis for Austrian Development Cooperation is the Federal Development Cooperation Act (DCA)Development Cooperation Act (DCA) adopted in 2002 and amended in 2003.
The relations of cooperation for the development of Spain with Namibia began at the same time of the independence of the country with the opening of a Technical Cooperation Office (OTC) of the then AECI in Windhoek. For many years, Namibia was a priority country for our cooperation, but the IV Master Plan for Spanish Cooperation 2013-2016 included Namibia among the 9 countries of Sub-Saharan Africa where it was planned to close or redesign the current program. As a result, the OTC in Windhoek closed its doors in August 2015. The overall volume of official development assistance (ODA) received by Namibia fluctuated greatly in recent years.
The IPPF is financially supported by governments, trusts, and foundations including the European Commission and the United Nations Population Fund for special projects. Half of the balance of their funding comes from government official development assistance programmes. To achieve their goals as an organisation, the IPPF often collaborates with the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The IPPF is a prominent lobbyist in the European Union: specifically, for the European Council and the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
The remainder of her missionary life was spent in Zambia, where she worked firstly in Monze Mission Hospital, and later in Lusaka University Teaching Hospital (UTH), after a brief year in the Westminster Pastoral Institute in London. As Consultant Obstetrician/Gynaecologist at Lusaka UTH, she became a national tutor in the sympto-thermal method of family planning. Concerned with hospital overcrowding and high post-natal mortality, she strove to reduce maternal mortality by half in the 1990s, in accordance with the "Health for All" Alma Ata Declaration (1978). In this, she was strongly supported by the Government of Zambia, and attracted funding from Ireland's then-emerging Official Development Assistance.
Vietnam Railways was considering the use of Shinkansen technology for high-speed rail between the capital Hanoi and the southern commercial hub of Ho Chi Minh City, according to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, citing an interview with Chief Executive Officer Nguyen Huu Bang. The Vietnamese government had already given basic approval for the Shinkansen system, although it still requires financing and formal consent from the prime minister. Vietnam rejected a funding proposal in 2010, so funding for the $56 billion project is uncertain. Hanoi was exploring additional Japanese funding Official Development Assistance as well as funds from the World Bank and Asian Development Bank.
The Ramos administration from June 1992 to June 1998 defined the four core priorities of Philippine foreign policy namely: the enhancement of national security, promotion of economic diplomacy, protection of overseas Filipino workers and Filipino nationals abroad, and the projection of a good image of the country abroad. President Ramos boosted foreign trade, investments and official development assistance to the Philippines through his state visits and summit meetings. In 1996, the Philippines successfully hosted the APEC Leaders' Summit, which resulted in the Manila Action Plan for APEC 1996 (MAPA '96). U.S. President Bill Clinton with Philippine President Fidel V. Ramos and Philippine Senator Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.
A map of official development assistance distribution in 2005. In international relations, aid (also known as international aid, overseas aid, foreign aid, economic aid or foreign assistance) is – from the perspective of governments – a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another. Aid may serve one or more functions: it may be given as a signal of diplomatic approval, or to strengthen a military ally, to reward a government for behavior desired by the donor, to extend the donor's cultural influence, to provide infrastructure needed by the donor for resource extraction from the recipient country, or to gain other kinds of commercial access. Countries may provide aid for further diplomatic reasons.
Under-construction station of Line 2A, August 2017 The 13.1 km line, consisting of 12 stations (all elevated), and connecting the districts Dong Da, Thanh Xuan and Ha Dong, will be the first operational line in the metro system. This line is constructed using Official Development Assistance (ODA) from China with a total investment of US$868 million. The China Railway Sixth Group is the EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) contractor for the project, and the Ministry of Transport (Vietnam) is an investor. The construction was started on 10 October 2011 and was initially targeted to begin operations in 2016. In 2016, it was announced that the completion date was to be pushed back to early 2018.
In 2007 Social Funds existed in more than 45 countries, predominantly in poorer and smaller developing countries that receive significant official development assistance. However, a Social Fund also exists in Romania, a country that has recently joined the EU, as well as in many other Eastern European countries. Probably the largest Social Fund is the Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF) with a resource base of US$ 500 million.World Bank on PPAF Social Funds have channeled close to US$ 5 billion of World Bank funding in Africa alone between 1999 and 2005 World Bank and have channeled more than ten billion dollars from all donors and governments' own resources over the past 20 years.
The construction of the bridge was supervised by the consultant group Nippon Koei- Chodai and contracted to several Japanese contractors: Taisei Corporation, Kajima Construction and Nippon Steel. Capital for the project was funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency with official development assistance loan from the Japan Bank of International Cooperation and the Vietnamese government. Cần Thơ Bridge is insured by the Petrolimex Joint Stock Insurance Company and PetroVietnam Insurance Company for 3.2 trillion Vietnamese đồng (200 million U.S. dollars). The construction of the Cần Thơ Bridge was subdivided into three contracts, with one contractor handling the first approach bridge, the second building the main bridge, and the third constructing the southern approach road into Cần Thơ.
The EU and its Member States are the world's biggest donors of official development assistance. A major area of work for EU development policy operates within the Cotonou agreement which establishes a relationship between the EU and African, Caribbean and Pacific states related to development policy. EU action in the field of development is based on the European Consensus on Development, signed on 20 December 2005, whereby EU Member States, the Council, the European Parliament and the European Commission agreed to a common EU vision of development. EU partnerships and dialogue with developing countries promote respect for human rights, fundamental freedoms, peace, democracy, good governance, and gender equality, the rule of law, solidarity and justice.
The Story of Official Development Assistance, (1996) Canada created an "External Aid Office" in 1960, which in 1968 became the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). France was the first country to establish a Ministry for Co-operation to be responsible for assistance to independent, mainly African, developing countries in 1961, the predecessor to the French Development Agency, Agence Française de Développement (AFD). Enactment in the United States in 1961 of the Foreign Assistance Act as the basic economic assistance legislation, established the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Later the rest of the member states followed, either establishing an aid agency under the command of its Foreign ministry or as a separate entity.
As an under-developed country, Vietnam had been prioritized to receive Official Development Assistance (ODA) from international organizations and developed countries such as The World Bank, The Asian Development Bank, The United Nations and The European Commission. Over the last decades, these organizations have provided millions of dollars to invest for infrastructure, human resource development, public administration reform. For example, in the period of 1993–2001 a total of US$17.5 billion was pledged to the Government of Vietnam, with annual pledges remaining at a constant level in the order of US$2.2 billion each year. From this amount, the total value of signed ODA is around US$14 billion, with actual disbursements estimated to be US$9 billion.
After Labour's electoral victory in 1999, Hobbs joined the Cabinet, becoming Minister for the Environment, Minister of Biosecurity, Minister of Broadcasting, and Minister Responsible for the National Library of New Zealand and Archives New Zealand. In February 2001, she briefly resigned from Cabinet while an enquiry investigated her allowance-claims; she returned in late March after receiving official clearance. Following the 2002 General Election, Hobbs functioned as the Minister for the Environment, Minister for Disarmament and Arms Control, Associate Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade with responsibility for Official Development Assistance, Associate Minister for Biosecurity, Associate Minister of Education, Minister Responsible for the National Library, Minister Responsible for Archives New Zealand, and Minister Responsible for Urban Affairs.
Once completed, passengers travelling between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City would see transit times reduced from 32 hours to around 7 hours. The Japanese government has, following the visit of Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng to Japan in 2006, pledged to offer official development assistance for the project. The memorandum of understanding for the project (along with a related project, the North–South Expressway) was mutually signed by the two governments at that time. Vietnam-Japan Consultancy Joint Venture (VJC), an alliance between Japanese and a Vietnamese consultancy firm has been chosen first to study the feasibility of a high-speed railway project to link Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
The global food crisis has renewed calls for removal of distorting agricultural subsidies in developed countries.Food crisis set to weigh on CAP Reform , EurActiv, 20 May 2008 Support to farmers in OECD countries totals US$280 billion annually, which compares to official development assistance of just US$80 billion in 2004, and farm support depresses global food prices, according to OECD estimates.Doha Development Round, Understanding the Issues OECD, Doha Development Round These agricultural subsidies lead to underdevelopment in rural developing countries, including the least developed countries; meanwhile subsidised food increases overconsumption in developed countries. The US Farm Bill brought in by the Bush Administration in 2002 increased agricultural subsidies by 80% and cost the US taxpayer US$190 billion.
The WDR 2008 addressed "Agriculture for Development", calling for greater investment in agriculture in developing countries. The report warned that the sector must be placed at the center of the development agenda if the goals of halving extreme poverty and hunger by 2015 are to be realized.World Bank: World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development While 75 percent of the world's poor live in rural areas in developing countries, a mere 4 percent of official development assistance goes to agriculture. In Sub-Saharan Africa, a region heavily reliant on agriculture for overall growth, public spending for farming is also only 4 percent of total government spending and the sector is still taxed at relatively high levels.
Official Development Assistance (ODA) is the major source of financing of development programs of the RGC and has contributed to the implementation of major public development projects in Cambodia. In 2004, approximately US$555.4 million of ODA was disbursed, equivalent to 11% of gross domestic product (with an estimated nominal GDP of US$4.9 billion for 2004).Development Cooperation Report: 2004 and 2005, Council for the Development of Cambodia - Cambodian Rehabilitation and Development Board, February 2006 Improving effectiveness of ODA is a high priority of the RGC. The RGC created the Cambodian Rehabilitation and Development Board at the Council for the Development of Cambodia (CDC/CRDB) in 1994 as the in-country aid coordination focal point.
As Ferdinand Marcos' first term as president of the Philippines neared its end in the late 1960s, the rate of malnutrition soared, especially among young children. Faced by a balance of payments triggered by massive campaign-related infrastructure spending, the administration drew upon Official Development Assistance (ODA) - in the form of the United States' Food for Peace Program - to start a five year nutrition program, eventually named Operation Timbang, in 1971. Starting in 1972, USAID began providing the Philippine government with thousands of loaves of Nutribun in addition to hundreds of tons of dried milk powder. The Philippine government took advantage of Nutribun's flexible recipe and added domestically produced banana and plantain powder to the list of ingredients.
Southeast Asian countries were also eager to receive Japanese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the pursuit of their own industrialization. The transfer was further supported by Japanese Official Development Assistance (ODA), which at the time was mainly tied aid. It paved the way for Japanese businesses to work on development projects and promoted the penetration for Japanese FDI in the region. As a result of this convergence of interests, Southeast Asian countries first welcomed Japanese textile industries, then electronics and vehicle-assembly businesses, contributing to the development of new economic links. FDI's role increased even more during the 80s, after the Plaza Accord of 1985, that appreciated the yen and gave an incentive to Japanese companies to produce abroad.
Total official development assistance from all sources was more than $100 million in 2001, with nearly 90% of that total coming from the U.S. The FSM public sector plays a central role in the economy as the administrator of the Compact money. The national and state-level governments employ over one-half of the country's workers and provide services accounting for more than 40%of GDP. Faced with the potential decrease or cessation of some of the assistance programs upon the Compact's financial provisions' expiry in 2001, the Government of the FSM in 1996 began to implement a program of economic reforms designed to reduce the role of the public sector in the economy. In addition, the advent of music startups using .
As of 2007, Kazakhstan had 43 teachers of Japanese, among whom eight were native speakers. Students majoring in Japanese faced problems such as low wages and lack of opportunities to use their skills in professional contexts, leading to limits on the growth of interest in the language. Much language study is funded not indigenously, but rather through a portion of the US$95 million in official development assistance provided by Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as additional private aid. There is no unified national curriculum for Japanese studies at either the primary, secondary, or tertiary levels; rather, institutions design their own curricula, typically with the aid of, and using textbooks published by, the Japan Center, which is also funded by the Japanese government.
In the British Virgin Islands, Royal Marines had cleared the airfield so that it was operational for the delivery of aid into the islands, with more than 200 British military personnel and 54 UK police officers on the ground and 8 tonnes of aid delivered to the islands. 120 British military personnel were on the ground in Turks and Caicos, and over 150 shelter kits and 720 liters of water were delivered to the islands on September 15. Amendments to international aid rules by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (or OECD) allowed for the UK government to provide access to £13 billion worth of aid to the affected British Overseas Territories, through the UK's Official Development Assistance (ODA) by November 2017.
Financing European development cooperation: the Financial Perspectives 2014–2020. London: Overseas Development Institute The EU's external action financing is divided into 'geographic' instruments and 'thematic' instruments. The 'geographic' instruments provide aid through the Development Cooperation Instrument (DCI, €16.9 billion, 2007–2013), which must spend 95% of its budget on official development assistance (ODA), and from the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI), which contains some relevant programmes. The European Development Fund (EDF, €22.7 billion for the period 2008–2013 and €30.5 billion for the period 2014–2020) is made up of voluntary contributions by member states, but there is pressure to merge the EDF into the budget- financed instruments to encourage increased contributions to match the 0.7% target and allow the European Parliament greater oversight.
Section: Diplomatic relations. After the increase in bilateral relations in 2006, the foundations of a relationship were laid down which, having as an epicenter cooperation in the fight against illegal immigration, revolves around the following axes: # Cooperation for the reinforcement of Gambian capabilities in border control matters, which is specified both in the donation of material and in the formation of the Gambian Navy by the Civil Guard. #Increase of official development assistance, especially in vocational training projects, job creation for young people and strengthening the administration. Although Gambia is not included in the 2012 Master Plan, it continues to receive funds invested by AECID in multilateral programs and projects, through the UN system and ECOWAS, as well as U.A.
In February 1990, the administration of President Corazon Aquino signed an agreement with Japan to fund the construction of two interchanges, including the Nagtahan Interchange, using Japanese official development assistance funds. The project was later certified as urgent by the Aquino administration, which allowed it to proceed quickly with construction, and the near-¥1.6 billion (₱257.58 million) interchange began construction in May 1991. The completed interchange was opened to traffic in March 1992, ten months ahead of schedule. A subsequent study by the Japan International Cooperation Agency issued in 2001 shows that in the nine years since the Nagtahan Interchange was constructed, traffic flows improved considerably despite the doubling in the number of cars on Metro Manila roads in that same time frame.
At the time of signing in 2005, NT2 was the largest foreign investment in Laos, the world's largest private sector cross-border power project financing, the largest private sector hydroelectric project financing, and one of the largest internationally financed IPP projects in Southeast Asia. The dam also marked a return by the World Bank to funding large-scale infrastructure, after a decade-long hiatus. According to the government of Laos, "the project is an essential part of the country's development framework and the project's implementation is likely to be the first real possibility for (Laos) to reduce gradually its dependence on Official Development Assistance". The project has significant environmental and social impacts, and comprehensive measures have been designed to mitigate these.
Prior to entering the 21st century, the UN General Assembly announced eight international development goals, called the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000, which include eradicating extreme poverty and developing a new framework for international cooperation. As many developed countries reached consensus that eradicating poverty and environment problems in developing countries are common challenges for the world and as a result, increased the UN target for official development assistance (ODA) to developing countries. Global regulations to counteract climate changes often impact economic growth for developing countries. In contrast, green growth paradigm reduces greenhouse gas emissions and environmental pollutions, and promotes sustainable development, which enables developing countries to tackle climate changes in their pursuit of both economic development and poverty reduction.
Innovative financing mechanisms can be assessed regarding the following principles: Scaling-up: Innovative financing mechanisms should significantly increase funding in order to bridge the financing gap necessary to achieve the MDGs. Additionality: Since these mechanisms were created to fill this gap, innovative financing mechanisms cannot replace Official Development Assistance nor will they be sufficient if certain countries decide to renounce the commitments that they have made. Complementarity: The role of innovative financing mechanisms is to raise new funds for existing organizations and not to add new actors and complexities to the development landscape. Sustainability: In order to have a significant and sustainable impact on the MDG's, innovative financing mechanisms should have the objective and ability to finance long-term programs in coordination with other countries.
President Rodrigo Duterte left for China Wednesday, April 24, afternoon to attend the second Belt and Road Forum amid Manila's concerns over rising tensions with Beijing over the Disputed South China Sea. Duterte is expected to push for Manila's interests in Beijing's global infrastructure plan that could set the stage for the world economic landscape in the years to come. The ambitious Belt and Road Initiative plans to link China with Africa, the rest of Asia, and Europe through a network of ports, railways, roads, and industrial parks. At least 5 agreements are on the table with China covering areas of education, anti-corruption, official development assistance, and drug rehabilitation. Duterte is also one of the lead speakers at the Leaders’ Roundtable, where 39 other heads of state are expected to attend.
As of 2005, there were 278 stations on the Vietnamese railway network, of which 191 were located along the North–South line."Các ga trên tuyến đường sắt Thống Nhất" (Railway stations on the North–South railway), Page 1 –Page 2 From World War II through to the Vietnam War, the entire North–South railway sustained major damage from bombings and sabotage. Owing to this damage, and to a subsequent lack of capital investment and maintenance, much of the infrastructure along the North–South railway remains outdated or in poor condition; in turn, lack of infrastructure development has been found to be a root cause for railway accidents along the line, including collisions at level crossings and derailments. Recent rehabilitation projects, supported by official development assistance, have improved the safety and efficiency of the line.
Woman in Saudi Arabia wearing a niqab According to the World Bank, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates provided official development assistance (ODA) to poor countries, averaging 1.5% of their gross national income (GNI) from 1973 to 2008, about five times the average assistance provided by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member states such as the United States. From 1975 to 2005, the Saudi Arabia government donated £49 billion in aid - the most per capita of any donor country per capita. (This aid was to Muslim causes and countries, in 2006 Saudi made its first donation to a non- Muslim country—Cambodia.) The Saudi ministry for religious affairs printed and distributed millions of Qurans free of charge. They also printed and distributed doctrinal texts following the Wahhabi interpretation.
SFD’s capital now amounts to Saudi Arabian Riyals (SAR) 31 billion (US $8.3 billion), from an initial investment of SAR 10 billion (US $2.6 billion). SFD has contributed official development assistance (ODA) to 1000 projects in 85 countries through loan and grant mechanisms. In 2017, SFD was responsible for 43.9% of ODA dispersed by Saudi government agencies. SFD delivers funding bi-laterally; however, it is also engaged in the multilateral development system and works with organizations such as such as the United Nations, the World Bank , Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa, Islamic Development Bank, OPEC Fund for International Development, French Development Agency and the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development (DFID). SFD’s funding is multiregional and provides development assistance to all developing countries,Ferabolli, Silvia.
In addition to the main report, they published eight different work streams paper, providing technical information and analysis for each finance source. Although the AGF Report did not build a blueprint for implementing these sources, it does assess all sources based on eight criteria, which includes revenue, efficiency (carbon efficiency - the impact of a method on setting a price for carbon externality and overall efficiency - taking into account impacts on developed country growth and risks, equity (distribution of revenue), incidence (who really pays for the climate change mitigation and adaptation actions - should avoid payment by developing countries or inclusion of developing countries’ contribution in counting towards 100billion, practicality (feasibility before 2020), reliability, additionality to Official Development Assistance and acceptability (domestic political acceptability in both developed and developing countries).
Huizhou University publishes the Huizhou University Journal. Several students took part in a study titled "University students' attitudes towards Japan in China," which indicated that Japan's official development assistance did little to change attitudes of Chinese students toward the Japanese. In inter-institutional cooperation, Huizhou University has collaborated with Sun Yat-sen University to build a Chemical Technology Research and Development Center and has worked with the French Lectra System (Shanghai) Co., Ltd to develop a digital simulation laboratory. The university has hosted academic conferences and exchanges, such as when it hosted a Sino- Canadian Education and Technology Seminar with the participation of the University of Toronto. It has also hosted renowned pianists Norman Lee of Hong Kong and Ned Kirk, professor of music and chair of the Music Department at Saint Mary’s University in Winona, Minnesota.
On September 4, 2003, the NEDA Board of the Philippines approved a resolution giving the green light for the construction of the airport. The proposed airport was to be funded through Official Development Assistance (ODA) instead of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP), an infrastructure-building programme of the government of the Philippines wherein the private sector may participate in any of the schemes authorized by its build-operate-transfer law. On March 27, 2013, the Japan International Cooperation Agency signed an agreement with the Republic of the Philippines to build the Bohol–Panglao International Airport at 10.78 billion yen under the project name New Bohol Airport Construction and Sustainable Environment Protection Project. The signing signaled the roll out for the construction of a new airport in the province of Bohol at an island adjacent to Tagbilaran Airport.
Macapagal Bridge (Filipino: Tulay ng Macapagal) is a steel cable-stayed bridge along Mayor Democrito D. Plaza II Avenue (also known as the Butuan Bypass Road) in Butuan, Agusan del Norte that crosses the Agusan River. It has a length of , making it the longest bridge in Mindanao, and the second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Philippines after the Marcelo Fernan Bridge that connects Cebu City and Mactan Island. Initially named the "Second Magsaysay Bridge" during construction (referring to the nearby Magsaysay Bridge), the bridge was officially named after Philippine President Diosdado Macapagal when it was inaugurated in 2007. The bridge was constructed along with the Butuan Bypass Road, which aims to decongest traffic along the Agusan-Misamis Oriental Road in downtown Butuan, through official development assistance from the Japan Bank for International Cooperation worth PH₱2.2 billion.
It would also generate 300 megawatts of electricity. Republic Act No. 8181 “An act changing the basis of dutiable value of imported articles subject to an ad valorem rate duty from home consumption value (HCV) to transaction value (TV), amending for the purpose section 201 of title II, Part 1 of Presidential Decree No. 1404, otherwise known as the tariff and customs code of the Philippines, as amended and for other purposes.” Republic Act No. 8183 “An act repealing Republic Act numbered five hundred twenty nine, as amended entitled an “Act to repeal the Uniform Currency Act”. Republic Act No. 8182 “An act excluding official development assistance (ODA) from the foreign debt limit to facilitate the absorption and optimize the utilization of ODA resources, amending for the purpose Paragraph 1, Section 2 of Republic Act No. 4860, as amended.” Republic Act No. 7716.
Secretary of State Greening meets actress Geena Davis at the Millennium Development Goals Countdown event at the Ford Foundation Building (24 September 2013) Greening and actor Idris Elba at a Defeating Ebola virus conference (2014) On 4 September 2012, she was replaced by Patrick McLoughlin at the Department for Transport and became Secretary of State for International Development. The move was strongly criticised by the Mayor of London Boris Johnson who believed it was linked to her opposition to a third runway at Heathrow. As Secretary of State for International Development, Greening became a member of the National Security Council. Whilst she was in the role of International Development Secretary, the UK became the first G8 country to meet the commitment to spend 0.7% of its gross national income on international development, meeting the UN official development assistance target subsequently legislating for this.
Tracks at a level crossing near Mỹ Sơn Most of Vietnam's railway infrastructure—including bridges, rail trucks, track beds, rolling stock, signals and communication equipment, and maintenance facilities—has suffered severe deterioration, mainly due to damage inflicted during the Vietnam War and a subsequent lack of capital investment and maintenance. More recently, rehabilitation projects sustained by official development assistance have allowed some of the most critical pieces of infrastructure along the line to be replaced, although much work still remains to be done. Complicating rehabilitation work is seasonal flooding, which, depending on its severity, may cause significant infrastructure damage. For instance, heavy rains falling on Vietnam's north central coast in October 2010 swept away several sections of track in Hà Tĩnh and Quảng Bình provinces; the flooding of many of the nearby provincial roads, which remained several metres underwater, prevented repair crews from reaching the affected sections for weeks.
According to a study by Ilyana Kuziemko and Eric Werker, there is a strong connection between the distribution of foreign aid payments and rotating membership of the United Nations Security Council. Regarding the US foreign aid expenditure, ODA (Official Development Assistance)—receiving countries which hold a rotating seat of the UNSC experience on average a rise of 59% in payments ($16 million); concerning financial support from the United Nations, an increase of 8% ($1 million) is being detected. This rise in payments does however not apply the whole time: Kuziemko and Werker used a “New York Times”-Index to differentiate between important and unimportant years. The more the UN and the UNSC were mentioned in the New York Times, the more important the year was considered. The Korean War in the early 1950s, the Congo War in the early 1960s, and the numerous peacekeeping missions in the 1990s were decisive events.
ODA Japan The Nissan Civilian with ODA logo Though a public school, the No. 1 Senior High School has received plenty of endowments of mainly educational instruments and others. Sir Run Run Shaw (邵逸夫), a Hong Kong media mogul and philanthropist, donated a building (presently as the main building) in 2001. It was also endowed with many teaching and experimental instruments, such as desks, chairs, microscopes, vernier calipers, and multitesters from the Official Development Assistance Japan. This was the sequence to the Japan's 3rd Program of Secondary Education Equipment for Minority Areas in the People's Republic of China (第三次少数民族地区中学教育器材装备计划) launched by ODA Japan in 1999; the No. 1 Senior High School was one of those to have been endowed, while the equipment was put into service in 2000.
Spain also supports Palestinian refugees through the UNRWA (United Nations Agency for Palestinian Refugees), which provides basic education, health and social protection services to Palestinian refugees in Gaza, the West Bank, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan. In 2012 and 2013, Official Development Assistance for TT.PP. has reached 16 and 7.9 million euros, respectively, in a context of budget cuts, and compliance with the deficit targets set by the Government. In 2014 the VI Palestine Hispanic Mixed Commission will be signed, coinciding with the culmination of the process of identification and drafting of the Spanish Cooperation Association Framework with TTPP (2014-2017). The Partnership Framework will continue and deepen the development of public institutions, good governance, peace and security, gender equity as well as social development and Palestinian economic stability, all in order to revalidate our commitment to the establishment of an independent and democratic Palestinian State.
In addition, the committee, objecting to the idea that the new airport would serve merely as a reliever for the new Bacolod airport, successfully lobbied for an international airport to be built in lieu of a domestic one. The project finally received NEDA approval in March 2000, with Cabatuan as the location of the new airport based on a study performed by both the DOTC and the JICA later that year. Although multiple funding sources were originally considered by the NEDA to fund the airport's construction, it was decided that the project should avail of an official development assistance facility offered by the Japanese government through the then-newly formed Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC). After almost two years of negotiations, and after initially refusing to bankroll the project, the JBIC extended a 6.2 billion peso (US$152 million) loan to the Philippine government in August 2000.
A range of different instruments in the field of international development can be characterized as Payment by Results, many of which seek to provide incentives for the achievement of both outcomes and outputs by developing country governments, public agencies, commercial operators and civil society organizations. By linking disbursement to results PBR is an alternative to the majority official development assistance (ODA), which is generally provided as grants, loans and guarantees, and is therefore disbursed in advance of delivery. Proponents of PbR argue that this approach is more likely to deliver the desired development objective, with less scope for waste and greater freedom and incentive for the beneficiary to innovate or achieve the desired objective at least cost. Possible criticisms include the need for recipients to obtain pre-financing, the risk of unintended consequences, higher monitoring and verification costs, and the difficulty of setting the incentive at the optimum level (thereby leading to the risk of rent-seeking behavior).
The ECGD has been the subject of criticism by UK-based NGOs; The Corner House has claimed that the ECGD has in effect provided public subsidy for bribery; Campaign Against Arms Trade has argued that the ECGD provides excessive levels of support for arms sales; Jubilee Debt Campaign has argued that the cancellation of debts owed to the ECGD should not be counted towards UK Official Development Assistance figures; World Wide Fund for Nature argues that excessive greenhouse gases are emitted from ECGD-supported projects and that this is inconsistent with wider UK environmental policy. In recent years, ECGD has been heavily criticised for prioritising investment in fossil fuels over renewable energy. A Catholic Agency For Overseas Development report showed that from 2010 to 2017, an estimated 97% of ECGD energy-related support went to fossil fuel development, principally oil and gas exploration and production in upper-middle-income countries. Just 3% went to renewables.
Formal diplomatic ties between Mali and Canada were signaled by the openings of Mali's embassy in Ottawa in 1978,L'Ambassadeur Mamadou Bandiougou Diawara, Welcome, Mali Embassy, website (Accessed 31 July 2009) and Canada's embassy in Bamako in 1995.Government of Canada, Canada – Mali Relations, Date Modified: 6 July 2009 Mali has been a recipient of Canadian development aid since 1972, according to the Canadian embassy website. Statistics from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development state that Canada has contributed official development assistance to Mali steadily since 1962, just three years after Mali's independence from France. Expressed in constant 2007 US dollars, Canada disbursed a net total of $936 million in bilateral aid between 1960 and 2007, making Canada responsible for 4.0% of Mali's total bilateral and multilateral aid receipts of $23.5 billion over this period, and ranking it as Mali's fifth-largest bilateral donor after France (16.5% of Mali's ODA), the Netherlands (9.4%), the United States (7.6%) and Germany (5.2%). Only US$7.1m.
Although the main lines—particularly the North–South line—were quickly restored and returned to service once conflict ended, many branch lines were abandoned and dismantled at their expense, their infrastructure used to replace damaged sections of the main lines, or sold as scrap. With increased economic growth brought on by the Doi Moi reforms of the late 1980s, the railway system has entered a renewed phase of development. A number of major projects supported by official development assistance have been proposed or are currently underway, including a series of projects to improve bridge and railway safety on the North-South Railway line, connections to Cambodia and Laos, and the restoration of a number of defunct lines, including the Đà Lạt–Tháp Chàm railway first established in the 1930s. A high-speed rail link between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City has also been proposed, which would reduce journey length from 30 hours to around 6 hours.
Under Niebel's leadership, Germany joined the United States and several other European states in late 2012 in partially suspending official development assistance to Rwanda after U.N. experts said senior Rwandan military officials had equipped, trained and directly commanded M23 rebels who briefly seized the city of Goma in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.Jenny Clover (February 1, 2013), Germany says unfreezing Rwandan aid but to watch progress on Congo Reuters. Only after negotiations with Rwandan Foreign Minister Louise Mushikiwabo in early 2013, Niebel agreed to use the unfrozen aid for economic development and vocational training rather than direct budget support.Jenny Clover (February 1, 2013), Germany says unfreezing Rwandan aid but to watch progress on Congo Reuters. Also in 2012, Niebel temporarily discontinued German payments into the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM) after a corruption scandal came to light;Dagmar Dehmer (April 26, 2016), Corruption continues to hinder Global Fund’s work EurActiv.
Although Japan has remained a consistent proponent of joint multilateral patrols, these calls have been historically rejected by Southeast Asian states due to lingering memories of Japanese conduct during World War II. Article IX of Japan's constitution can also be interpreted as restricting the use of defensive Japanese military forces to Japanese citizens and vessels, further complicating and restricting the potential for Japanese maritime security activities in Southeast Asia on an internal legal basis. However, Japan has played a large role in both funding maritime counterterrorist entities and in facilitating multilateral cooperation. Japanese funding has been given to counterterrorism programmes in Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore through the ‘Official Development Assistance’ programme. In 2004, the APEC Counter-Terrorist Task Force's ‘Heads of Asian Coast Guards Agencies Meeting’ was held in Tokyo. In 2005, Japan hosted the “ASEAN-Japan Seminar on Maritime Security and Combating Piracy” in Tokyo where the ASEAN member states evaluated their individual implementation progress of the International Ship and Port Security Code.
For instance, through its Official Development Assistance (ODA), Japan had offered China various forms of assistance worth 3.65 trillion Yen as of 2018. On the other hand, the assistance from the U.S. reached a total of US$556 million as of 2012, and has "helped Tibetan communities improve livelihoods, promote sustainable development and environmental conservation, and preserve cultural traditions...also supports targeted programs that strengthen cooperation on combatting the spread of HIV/AIDS and other pandemic and emerging diseases as well as rule of law programs." The collapse of the Soviet Bloc and centrally planned economies in 1989 provided renewed impetus for China to further reform its economy through different policies in order to avoid a similar fate. China also wanted to avoid the Russian ad-hoc experiments with market capitalism under Boris Yeltsin resulting in the rise of powerful oligarchs, corruption, and the loss of state revenue which exacerbated economic disparity.
Tanzania does not appear in the ranking of priority countries established by the current Master Plan for Spanish Cooperation (2013-2016), so it does not receive official development assistance bilaterally. From the multilateral point of view, in 2014, an aid of 1.5 M. USD was approved for Tanzania from the Spain-UNDP Trust Fund for the fulfillment of the Sustainable Objectives in the 2014-2016 period. The project will be implemented through the Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF). Tanzania has also received some contributions in the recent past: € 6M 2008-2010 for the UN “Delivering as One” Program and other timely contributions such as to WFP in 2009 worth € 2M. In 2009, a grant of €2,000,000 was granted from the Food and Emergency Assistance Area to the World Food Program for the project “Assistance to Refugees in Camps and Vulnerable Households among the Host Population in North-Western Tanzania”. Spain also contributed €6 million in three years (2008-2010) to the “Delivering as One” United Nations Program.
Nepal relies heavily on foreign aid, and donors coordinate development aid policy through the Nepal Development Forum, whose members include donor countries, international financial institutions (such as the World Bank), and inter-governmental organizations (such as the United Nations). The United Kingdom is Nepal's largest bilateral aid donor, and the World Bank and Asian Development Bank are the largest multilateral donors. Donors have been reported as losing confidence in Nepal as a result of political interference and corruption in poverty relief efforts as well as the country's apparently poor capacity to utilize aid. According to World Bank figures, official development assistance increased from US$8.2 million in 1960 to US$369 million in 2003 and then fell to US$177 million in 2004. According to Nepal's Ministry of Finance, total foreign aid committed in fiscal year (FY) 2003 was US$555 million, with 63.3 percent in grants and 36.7 percent in loans.
After he had finished academic career, he worked as an international development specialist of JICA in Southeast Asia, South Asia and Africa where he participated in formation, implementation and evaluation of Japan's Official Development Assistance (ODA) projects. He made a significant contribution to the development of 12 countries in the third world in such various fields as agricultural development, social development, and education and research cooperation where he attempted to introduce empirical and experimental study to university education in Indonesia and Thailand, promoted exports of cash crops from Bhutan to India, helped establishing research institutes of basic medical science in Thailand and Kenya, and participated in food policy research in USA and Indonesia. Based on his wide range of job experience, Tomomatsu found a philosophy of site-oriented action, which presents the principle of development work as “in the beginning there are problems, not a specialization.” At Utsunomiya University he educated action- oriented approaches, in international development cooperation, such as development facilitation and development intelligence, and proposed global career education for developing globally active manpower.
The Development Assistance Database (DAD) is an Aid Information Management System (AIMS) developed by Synergy International Systems, for tracking development aid and managing official development assistance with transparency and accountability. DAD is widely adopted AIMS which has been established in more than 35 countries worldwide in close cooperation with UNDP and respective governments. DAD provides country governments and development partners with a consolidated source of data on development projects across all donors, demonstrates "who is doing what, when and where" in managing foreign aid, enables harmonization of development projects with national priorities, facilitates management and coordination of development efforts in the country by and promotes results-driven decision-making and aid effectiveness. DAD serves /has served as the official government AIMS in Afghanistan, Armenia, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Comoros, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, Iraq (including Kurdistan Regional Government), Kazakhstan, Kenya, Maldives, Mauritania, Nigeria, Lesotho, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Somalia (including Somaliland), Solomon Islands, Tajikistan, Thailand, Ukraine, Vietnam, Yemen and Zambia.
Official Development Assistance (ODA) from Japan to China began in 1979 and from that time to the present, approximately 3.1331 trillion yen in loan aid (yen loans), 145.7 billion yen in grant aid, and 144.6 billion yen in technical cooperation have been implemented up to June 2005 and has not ended. Talks on the peace treaty were resumed in July, and the agreement was reached in August on a compromise version of the anti-hegemony clause.(Article 2) “The Contracting Parties declare that neither of them should seek hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region or in any other region and that each is opposed to efforts by any other country or group of countries to establish such hegemony.” MOFA: Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China The Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China was signed on August 12 and came into effect October 23, 1978, under the two leaders of Deng Xiaoping and Fukuda Takeo.
Adeli has also been active in regional and international groups and organisations, including the D-8, the G15, the Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation and the European Union. He has received many awards including a distinction by the Economic Cooperation Organization Secretary General for "Special Recognition and Appreciation" for his contribution and proposition of the name ECO. He also won the Crans-Montana Development and Peace Award in 2002 in Geneva. Adeli has also received special recognition for various activities including: spearheading monetary reforms as Central Bank Governor; innovation of a new Islamic banking financial instrument called "Participation Paper", now widely used in Iran and other Islamic countries under the name of Sukuk; initiating the law for Official Development Assistance of Iran which aims to contribute to the development of least developing countries; initiating Economic Diplomacy for the first time in Iran; initiating Economic partnership with Africa through Iran–Africa economic summit; being head of Coordination for assistance to Iraqi reconstruction, and Coordination for assisting Afghanistan reconstruction through international organization.
He is also the chairman of the board of the Millennium Foundation for Innovate Finance for Health. His main responsibilities as the Special Adviser included promoting UNITAID and other sources of innovative financing for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), advising the United Nations Secretary-General on innovative financing solutions to the implementation of the Monterrey consensus, coordinating with the High-Level Group on the MDGs, and liaising with various UN and non-UN related institutions, such as the main Bretton Woods institutions, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development- Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC), the United Nations Development Group and the Millennium Communication Campaign.Global Health Innovators Huffington Post Douste-Blazy was also in charge of organizing the first World Conference of Non-Governmental Donors, with a special focus on the financing for development provided by citizens, local and regional authorities, foundations, non-governmental organizations, economic and social representatives, faith groups and the private sector. It is hoped that these innovative sources of funding could compensate the insufficient official development assistance in achieving the Millennium Development Goals.

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