"Neurologically, it's like being in a torture chamber," he said.
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There is something neurologically thrilling about viewing Von Rydingsvard's work.
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It turns out that "high" is an apt descriptor, neurologically speaking.
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Neurologically, these changes also appear to involve their serotonin 2A receptors.
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Here's why stress-baking or cleaning feels so good, neurologically speaking.
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If someone you know sleepwalks, it doesn't mean they're neurologically damaged.
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Throughout the following week, Pat did not improve at all neurologically.
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Teleportation turns out to be an easy thing to simulate, neurologically speaking.
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Grudges and angry thoughts, as this study points out, are neurologically complex processes.
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"We see something neurologically different, implying they function as non-verbal," she said.
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These elevations also corresponded with her dog becoming neurologically disturbed and suddenly dying.
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"Neurologically, it's like being in a torture chamber," Maron said in September 2015.
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"Neurologically, it's like being in a torture chamber," attorney James Maron said last year.
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First, we don't do boring—our minds are neurologically engineered to avoid the mundane.
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Ahuvia calls possessions like these "love objects," and neurologically speaking, they're pretty damn weird.
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The same things happen neurologically praying to god as they do when you meditate.
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And I've discovered a whole host of health issues — things that are affecting me neurologically.
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"We want to pursue the idea that this could be more neurologically complex," Dakin said.
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They can feel the difference between hot and cold and, neurologically, they're normal as well.
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Her own baby was accidentally starved due to insufficient milk intake and is now neurologically disabled.
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Turns out that psychologically speaking and neurologically speaking, the source of all human motivation is pain.
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And like the brains her husband studies, there is something neurologically thrilling about viewing Von Rydingsvard's work.
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As long as you aren't touching something, our digital objects, environments, and people really are neurologically true.
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We feel profoundly activated neurologically (the threat of embarrassment) and, at the same time, crash into constriction.
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Trickier and much more common is the middle ground of a neurologically devastating injury without brain death.
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Opinion Even for people who are deeply disabled neurologically, nature can be more powerful than any medication.
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Scientists aren't entirely sure what's going on neurologically or psychologically in HSAMs, but clues are beginning to emerge.
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"I think we know now that, neurologically, there are reasons why that isn't going to happen," Atwood said.
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Not only is crying as natural and justifiable as breathing — the two acts are physically, neurologically, primally intertwined.
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Doctors In cases of brain death or neurologically devastating injury, poor communication can make painful situations even harder.
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Los Alamos researchers are creating a neurologically inspired system that searches for invisible tells that photos are AI-generated.
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According to recent statistics, up to 1 in 50 people neurologically can't recognise the faces of those around them.
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"Neurologically, this simple practice - taking only half a dozen seconds or longer - will increase the encoding of generosity," said Hanson. 4.
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"There's no reason a neurologically normal child should sound like that," a pulmonologist said after listening to just a few breaths.
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I argued that we couldn't possibly understand or decide for them what was best, when patients are neurologically devastated like this.
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And then going through the avatar experience of getting neurologically linked, popping up through an avatar's senses into the world of Pandora.
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In Honolulu, the heat and humidity can cause Hile to fatigue faster than usual, while the cold in Antarctica affects her neurologically.
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Whether or not you believe in graphology, which has been called a pseudoscience, there's no doubt signatures matter—legally, emotionally, even neurologically.
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We all need better help wrestling with decisions in neurologically devastated patients, both through improved communication and the development of neuropalliative services.
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The achievement could expand our understanding of memory, while demonstrating that it's possible to neurologically reverse ingrained bad behavior, such as drug addiction.
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That is, the more we know about what the brain wants neurologically, the better we can help guide people to eat better, e.g.
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Again, that means factors other than medical need are driving ADHD diagnoses and potentially leading to overtreatment of kids who are neurologically healthy.
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It turns out that infant crying is not only as natural and justifiable as breathing: The two acts are physically, neurologically, primally intertwined.
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This four-pronged course is packed with neurologically-proven strategies that can help you recalibrate your brain to become more focused, productive, and adaptive.
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Shouldn't the rationale for not ending the lives of neurologically simpler animals, such as fish, share grounds with the rationale for not terminating embryos?
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But Trump chaos, both intentional and otherwise, has proved a great de facto political strategy, precisely because we are neurologically incapable of handling it.
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But what I got through hypnotic regression therapy was that I needed to cook neurologically that much longer because of what they added to me.
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Her family dispute the hospital's assessment, made in 2013, that she is brain-dead, pointing to the fact she is menstruating, which is neurologically regulated.
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Moreover, the film does turn the mental-health stigma "on its head"—by presenting its neurologically atypical female lead as clever, dynamic, and bracingly real.
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There is no reason other than sheer stubbornness for human brains to assume that they are neurologically equipped to understand the finest details of creation.
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"I have seen in my patients the restorative and healing powers of nature and gardens, even for those who are deeply disabled neurologically," he wrote.
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A gelatinous sea creature called a salp knows this better than anyone, forming long chains of neurologically connected individuals that work together for the greater good.
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More From Tonic: Because this isn't a neurologically engendered action, that means it's possible for those afflicted with unrestrained guilt to amend this habit over time.
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Then the three boys grew big—grew from toddling alarmists into wayward urban doofuses neurologically unequipped to perceive the risks incidental to their teen-age lives.
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We are living out what it might mean, both psychologically and neurologically, to take a powerful drug we do not need over long stretches of time.
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That is, there is a limit to the capabilities of screen-based AI. Neurologically, we are more activated when in the presence of a physical thing.
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As neurologically healthy individuals age, measures of the complexity of their use of words and vocabulary remain stable or even increase until about the mid-70s.
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Here's what's on sale: This four-part bundle contains almost 229 hours of neurologically proven strategies that can help you reprogram your brain for improved productivity and focus.
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"Heydi arrived in a neurologically devastated state and there was no hope for recovery," Dr. Charles Schleien, a senior vice president at the hospital, said in a statement.
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In the years after the Harvard report was published, doctors relied on the concept of brain death to withdraw life support from neurologically devastated patients, curtailing futile care.
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"There is a lot going on emotionally and neurologically during sex, so it makes sense that, for some, the release might also come with some tears," Dr. Needle says.
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The "neural dust" allows users to monitor vitals in real time, and could open the door for similar implants that can help people neurologically monitor things such as prosthetics.
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A more complete mapping of how men and women respond neurologically to pornography, and how that affects their behavior, might thus offer a model for explaining happiness or addiction.
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It features nearly 20 hours of neurologically-proven strategies broken up into over 100 different lessons specifically designed to improve memory, increase focus, ditch bad habits, and boost productivity.
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Well, this research suggests that high-travel, clicky keys with switches from Cherry and other "tactile" keyboard makers could be better for us, neurologically, than keyboards with less precise travel.
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We can also fight to keep hard-won reproductive freedoms safe from those who want to limit them; no one should be forced to carry neurologically devastated babies to term.
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"We got to the stage where we could convert a hundred-per-cent-lethal injury to about a ninety-, ninety-five-per-cent survival rate, neurologically intact," Alam told me.
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More from Tonic: Differences between high- and low- childhood stress groups manifested neurologically: high-stress participants had less activation in brain regions linked with anticipation of potential losses and potential rewards.
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For the study, researchers at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science analyzed the results of 58 male and female brain MRIs to determine how neurologically different men and women really are.
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This isn't the first time research has found that teenagers are neurologically wired to make bad decisions, but it is one of the first times it's been studied outside of western culture.
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Cera wrote the '80s-inspired track as part of his score for the Sundance-dominating documentary Dina, a real-life rom-com about a couple living in Suburban Philadelphia who grew up neurologically diverse.
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"That was kind of proof for me that you can have the biggest muscles and whatever, but if you neurologically have a breakdown somewhere in this system, you're going to injure yourself," Swanik told me.
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They&aposll wake up once or twice during the night for feedings, but "in general, by four months of age, babies are neurologically mature enough to sleep for a longer stretch at night," says Limaye.
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However, while a person may sleep and wake as usual and may open their eyes spontaneously, that person is not truly conscious or aware of the environment as a neurologically normal individual would be, Glatter said.
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The larger lesson seems to be that while character traits are educationally and neurologically distinct from traditional academic expertise, the kinds of schools that best teach both sets of skills may be one and the same.
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"His fur was matted and dirty and he was extremely thin, dehydrated and neurologically impaired — likely due to severe nutritional deficiency," Dr. Hannah Marshall said of the dog, believed to be between two and three years old.
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A study published in 2014 in the journal Pediatrics said the parents of a child with autism paid about $17,000 more per year for health and non-health-related costs than parents with a neurologically typical child.
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Knowing what all this should look like neurologically could give clinicians more ways to treat the 43 percent of women and 31 percent of men who, according to the Cleveland Clinic, report problems in their experience of sex.
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I cannot say exactly how nature exerts its calming and organizing effects on our brains, but I have seen in my patients the restorative and healing powers of nature and gardens, even for those who are deeply disabled neurologically.
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"There is a great motivational influence, because music-making during sports gives you a greater amount of emotional motor control, which is neurologically very different from deliberate motor control," says Fritz, who is one of the authors of the study.
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Neurologically, when we interact with these extremely powerful computers, they have an effect on our brains that in-person interactions lack, says Catherine Steiner-Adair, a psychologist and author of The Big Disconnect: Protecting Childhood and Family Relationships in the Digital Age.
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But the crisis will demand special care for hundreds of deformed or neurologically damaged children for years to come, a new burden on already deficient hospitals in a public health system suffering from budget cuts because of government shortfalls and an economic recession.
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The consent forms for this study did not inform the parents that the experiment's purpose was to see if, by being randomly assigned to one of two experimental oxygen ranges, babies end up more likely to be blind, neurologically damaged or die.
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The melatonin comes from the pineal gland, located between the two hemispheres of the brain, which is neurologically connected to body clock central, the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus, which in turn is influenced by how much light gets through to the retina.
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"I've seen things like this, but I've never seen an anchor, number one, and number two, I've never seen anybody with an injury like that walk out of the hospital almost completely neurologically intact," Rodriguez said in a clip from the hospital.
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Notes on the Culture There have always been children who — neurologically predisposed to speak eight languages, play a sonata by ear after a single hearing or discern in a fog of numbers the organization of the universe — defy the limits of youth.
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Larry Squire, who is distinguished professor of psychiatry, neurosciences and psychology at the University of California, San Diego, described this kind of learning as "habit learning or skill learning," which is neurologically distinct from what is called "declarative learning," that is, learning facts and events.
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All of which leads to an interesting question — would viewing a piece of artwork in a gallery or museum actually be more powerful, neurologically speaking, than looking at the same canvas hanging on the wall of a department store or represented by pixels on a computer screen?
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"If a mom chooses to have more than one to two drinks, or feels very buzzed or drunk, she can 'pump and dump' her breasts for comfort until she feels more neurologically okay to feed her baby," Sjoblom explained, adding a mother should wait until she feels sober to resume feeding.
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A new book out on August 9 called Glow Kids: How Screen Addiction Is Hijacking Our Kids by Dr. Nicholas Kardaras, one of the country's top addiction experts, details how compulsive technology usage and reliance on screens can neurologically damage the developing brain of a child the same way that drug addiction can.
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And we're also seeing an artist whose work, in other circumstances, might have been classified as "outsider art" — that condescending term for self-taught artists, many of whom are neurologically or psychologically outside the norm, and almost all of whom are poor or working class individuals with no access to galleries and the commercial art world.
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Matzner's company came up alongside the similarly named Nootrobox, which received major investments from Marissa Mayer and Andreessen Horowitz in 2015, was popular enough to sell in 7-Eleven locations around San Francisco by 63, and was forced to change its name after its first clinical trial in 2017 found that its supplements were less neurologically stimulating than a cup of coffee.
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Changes in the homeostatic levels of many neurologically active chemicals elicit clinical disorders and symptoms.
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McKay believes that neurologically art provides a unique form of pleasure, which is not related to gratification or emotional reward.
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Although most causes of dysprosody are due to neurological damage, this case study shows that there can be other causes which are not necessarily neurologically based.
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Olney 2002 The term can also be used to classify endogenous compounds, which, when abnormally contacted, can prove neurologically toxic. Though neurotoxins are often neurologically destructive, their ability to specifically target neural components is important in the study of nervous systems. Common examples of neurotoxins include lead,Lidsky 2003 ethanol (drinking alcohol), glutamate,Choi 1987 nitric oxide,Zhang 1994 botulinum toxin (e.g. Botox), tetanus toxin,Simpson 1986 and tetrodotoxin.
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In terms of diagnosis, the individual may show sensitivity to light or eye redness when ocular problems are suspected. Neurologically the individual's coordination, gait and frontal release signs should be observed.
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Small was born in England in 1993. Small suffered nerve damage which affects him both neurologically and physically. He lives in Nantwich, Cheshire. He attended Brine Leas School and subsequently South Cheshire College.
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It is the most neurologically complex tooth known. Beaked whales are almost toothless, with only bizarre teeth found in males. These teeth may be used for feeding but also for demonstrating aggression and showmanship.
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Other medical ailments can also restrict movement and affect muscle strength, flexibility and balance. Though not neurologically based, conditions such as aging, arthritis, fibromyalgia, lupus, and multiple sclerosis can benefit from yoga for movement disorders.
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Synesthesia is a neurologically based phenomenon in which stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. There are many occurrences of synesthesia in books, television and film.
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Neurokinin A (NKA), formerly known as Substance K, is a neurologically active peptide translated from the pre-protachykinin gene. Neurokinin A has many excitatory effects on mammalian nervous systems and is also influential on the mammalian inflammatory and pain responses.
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The skull of Hugo Schenk, which was autopsied and neurologically examined after the execution by Viennese neurologist Moritz Benedikt, is in the Vienna Criminal Museum. The writer Egon Kisch (1885 - 1948) has dealt with the story of a woman who survived Schenk's attack.
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Helmholtz 1925, p. 5. So whatever impressions this unconscious inference process leads to, they strike "our consciousness as a foreign and overpowering force of nature".Helmholtz 1925, p. 28. The reason, Helmholtz suggested, lies in the way visual sensory impressions are processed neurologically.
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The atlas's chief peculiarity is that it has no body. It is ring-like and consists of an anterior and a posterior arch and two lateral masses. The atlas and axis are important neurologically because the brainstem extends down to the axis.
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Arch Neurol 63: 521-527.Brewer GJ, Hedera P, Kluin KJ, Carlson M, Askari F, Dick RB, Sitterly J, Fink JK, 2003. "Treatment of Wilson disease with ammonium tetrathiomolybdate: III. Initial therapy in a total of 55 neurologically affected patients and follow-up with zinc therapy".
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The nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle is a slender branch of the mandibular nerve which enters the deep surface of the muscle; it gives off one or two filaments to the otic ganglion. The nerve provides physical support for the otic ganglion, but is neurologically distinct.
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Another advantage is that it brings social cognition in line with a connectionist approach to cognition. The connectionist approach is a neurologically plausible model of cognition where semantic units are not stored, but rather semantic information forms as a consequence of network pattern activation (both current and prior).
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Disabled Sports USA defined the neurological definition of this class in 2003 as C6. The classification neurologically can include tetraplegics with spinal lesions level C5/C6. The location of lesions on different vertebrae tend to be associated with disability levels and functionality issues. C5 is associated with elbow flexors.
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Considered to be neurologically based, nonverbal learning disorder is characterized by verbal strengths as well as visual-spatial, motor, and social skills difficulties. People with this disorder may not at times comprehend nonverbal cues such as facial expression or tone of voice. Challenges with mathematics and handwriting are common.
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Esophagogastric dissociation is a surgical procedure that is sometimes used to treat gastroesophageal reflux, mainly in neurologically impaired children. It has been suggested as an alternative to Nissen fundoplication for these cases. Preliminary studies have shown it may have a lower failure rate and a lower incidence of recurrent reflux.
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It has been shown that neurologically normal persons as young as 2.5 years of age demonstrate a type of synesthetic cross- modal associations. In 1929, Wolfgang Köhler ran an experiment in which a group of native Spanish speakers would assign the name “takete” or “baluba” to a set of round or jagged shapes. It was concluded that people had a strong preference to calling the jagged shapes “takete” rather than “baluba”. Many scientists today think this is a synesthetic cross-modal association between the shape of the object and the phonemic inflection that the word makes when forming the word in the mouth. A similar “bouba” and “Kiki” food-word association study tested the synesthetic cross-modal associations of words and food tastes in neurologically normal participants.
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Some proponents reject the term transsexual, as the trans- prefix implies that their true sex is changing, instead of being affirmed, with treatments like sex reassignment surgery. Some proponents consider themselves to be intersex instead of transgender. A figurative interpretation, involving neurologically mediated gender identity, was supported historically by pioneering sexologists such as Harry Benjamin.
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Reflex syncope is a brief loss of consciousness due to a neurologically induced drop in blood pressure. Before an affected person passes out, there may be sweating, a decreased ability to see, or ringing in the ears. Occasionally, the person may twitch while unconscious. Complications of reflex syncope include injury due to a fall.
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153(1): 71-85, 2013. .Dykhuizen EC, Hargreaves DC, Miller EL, Cui K, Korshunov A, Kool M, Pfister S, Cho YJ, Zhao K, Crabtree GR. BAF complexes facilitate decatenation of DNA by topoisomerase IIalpha. Nature. 497(7451): 624-627, 2013. . In 2013, Crabtree published "Our Fragile Intellect" in Trends in Genetics, arguing that humanity is becoming increasingly neurologically fragile.
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An engram is a unit of cognitive information inside the brain, theorized to be the means by which memories are stored as biophysical or biochemical changes in the brain (and other neural tissue) in response to external stimuli. The exact mechanism and location of neurologically defined engrams has been a focus of persistent research for many decades.
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This is true neurologically and behaviorally. In both areas they hit the same milestones around the same times. Developments other than linguistic development, such as cognitive developments, actually develop independent of whether or not the deaf child is exposed to, learns, or develops language at all. Deaf children's bodies and minds develop normally outside of language ability.
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"Gold standard" can refer to the criteria by which scientific evidence is evaluated. For example, in resuscitation research, the "gold standard" test of a medication or procedure is whether or not it leads to an increase in the number of neurologically intact survivors that walk out of the hospital.ACLS: Principles and Practice. p. 62. Dallas: American Heart Association, 2003. .
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Neurologically intact individuals appear to be born musical. Even before they are able to talk, infants show remarkable musical abilities that are similar to those of adults in that they are sensitive to musical scales and a regular tempo. Also, infants are able to differentiate between consonant and dissonant intervals. These perceptual skills indicate that music-specific predispositions exist.
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Widespread loss of haustra is a sign of chronic ulcerative colitis. Localized ahaustral distended colon can be seen on abdominal x-ray during obstruction or volvulus. Sigmoidal volvolus, more often seen in psychiatric and neurologically impaired patients (e.g. Parkinson's disease), shows lack of haustra on x-ray and points from the pelvis to the right upper quadrant just below the diaphragm.
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Carbon monoxide binds with hemoglobin in the blood, forming carboxyhemoglobin, reducing the blood's ability to transport oxygen. The primary health concerns associated with carbon monoxide exposure are its cardiovascular and neurobehavioral effects. Carbon monoxide can cause atherosclerosis (the hardening of arteries) and can also trigger heart attacks. Neurologically, carbon monoxide exposure reduces hand to eye coordination, vigilance, and continuous performance.
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Although many studies of modularity are undertaken from very specific lesion case studies, the idea is to create a neurological function map that applies to people in general. To extrapolate from lesion studies and other case studies this requires adherence to the universality assumption, that there is no difference, in a qualitative sense, between subjects who are intact neurologically. For example, two subjects would fundamentally be the same neurologically before their lesions, and after have distinctly different cognitive deficits. Subject 1 with a lesion in the "A" region of the brain may show impaired functioning in cognitive ability "X" but not "Y", while subject 2 with a lesion in area "B" demonstrates reduced "Y" ability but "X" is unaffected; results like these allow inferences to be made about brain specialization and localization, also known as using a double dissociation.
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Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 6(2). ;Neuro-perspective Serial memory processing has been studied neurologically, and certain brain regions have been found to be associated to this processing. There is evidence that both the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampal region are related to serial memory processing. This is because lesions in these areas tend to be related to impaired ability in remembering serial order.
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Breaux fractured his C4, C5 and C6 vertebrae during a kickoff return in a high school football game on October 27, 2006. His doctor said it was "like a miracle" that he was neurologically fine. He had earlier received a scholarship to play football for the LSU Tigers. The Tigers honored his scholarship and he arrived at LSU in December 2008 but was never cleared to play.
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The majority of species still live in the oceans, from the seashores to the abyssal zone, but some form a significant part of the freshwater fauna and the terrestrial ecosystems. Molluscs are extremely diverse in tropical and temperate regions, but can be found at all latitudes. About 80% of all known mollusc species are gastropods. Cephalopoda such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses are among the neurologically most advanced of all invertebrates.
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Within 3 months the children had developed "ataxia, agitation, visual impairment, and impaired consciousness." When born, baby Michael was severely neurologically impaired, blind, subject to convulsive seizures, and only minimally aware of his environment. Ernestine, 8 years old, became blind, unable to sit unsupported or to roll over, unable to hold objects, incontinent and unable to speak. Amos, 13 years old, became functionally blind, with sensory degradation and impaired coordination.
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The idea that the two hemispheres of the brain may learn differently has virtually no grounding in neuroscience research. The idea has arisen from the knowledge that some cognitive skills appear differentially localised to a specific hemisphere (e.g., language functions are typically supported by left hemisphere brain regions in healthy right handed people). However, massive amount of fibre connections link the two hemispheres of the brain in neurologically healthy individuals.
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An electromyograph detects the electric potential generated by muscle cells when these cells are electrically or neurologically activated. The signals can be analyzed to detect medical abnormalities, activation level, or recruitment order, or to analyze the biomechanics of human or animal movement. In Computer Science, EMG is also used as middleware in gesture recognition towards allowing the input of physical action to a computer as a form of human-computer interaction.
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General indications for functional surgery of the hand and arm in tetraplegic patients: There are different views on optimal timing of surgery after a spinal cord injury. The general consensus is to operate the patient when he or she is neurologically stable. Some surgeons try to operate a patient as early as possible. The advantages of this are that the patient can take advantage of the new functional possibilities before new adjustments and apaptations develop.
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The term "alienation" took on a psychiatric meaning in France, later adopted into medical English. The terms psychosis and neurosis came into use, the former viewed psychologically and the latter neurologically. In the second half of the century, Karl Kahlbaum and Ewald Hecker developed a descriptive categorizion of syndromes, employing terms such as dysthymia, cyclothymia, catatonia, paranoia and hebephrenia. Wilhelm Griesinger (1817–1869) advanced a unitary scheme based on a concept of brain pathology.
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Lipid emulsion as used in cardiac arrest due to local anesthetic agents , medications other than epinephrine (adrenaline), while included in guidelines, have not been shown to improve survival to hospital discharge following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This includes the use of atropine, lidocaine, and amiodarone. Epinephrine in adults, as of 2019, appears to improve survival but does not appear to improve neurologically normal survival. It is generally recommended every five minutes.
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The heart of the habit is a mental, emotional, or physical routine. Finally there is a reward, which helps the brain determine if this particular loop is worth remembering for the future. In an article in The New York Times, Duhigg notes, "The cue and reward become neurologically intertwined until a sense of craving emerges". According to Duhigg, craving drives all habits and is essential in starting a new habit, or reshaping an old one.
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Neurorobots are often used to study motor feedback and control systems, and have proved their merit in developing controllers for robots. Locomotion is modeled by a number of neurologically inspired theories on the action of motor systems. Locomotion control has been mimicked using models or central pattern generators, clumps of neurons capable of driving repetitive behavior, to make four-legged walking robots.Ijspeert, A. J., Crespi, A., Ryczko, D., and Cabelguen, J. M. (2007).
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Caulder then attacks his team, before setting out to do their job himself. He steals every missile on the planet and dumps them in Antarctica, and attacks the United Nations in his attempts to make "a better world". He is only stopped when his laboratory computer, "Millicent", transmits a sequence of lights through Robotman's eyes and into his own, neurologically shutting down Caulder's brain. His comatose body is then placed in storage in Oolong Island.
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" Beck discussed "No Distraction" with Q saying, "Anybody who has a phone or computer lives with the distractions pulling you this way and that. We haven't figured out how to have access to everybody and everything all the time and how it affects us physically and neurologically. Or at least I haven't. My analogy to friends has been that I feel as if somebody has removed the front door of my house, permanently.
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In 1963 he built up a factory, in which neurologically sick youngsters could work. His belief was that disabled children also do have a right to fulfillment of their physical, emotional, and psychological needs. Rett's academic career began in 1967, when he was appointed as lecturer in neurology and pediatrics at the University of Vienna, in 1973 being promoted to the rank of associate professor. In 1966 he published the first description of Rett syndrome.
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Dystonia, nystagmus, and problems with the autonomic nervous system suggest damage to the basal ganglia and brain stem potentially caused by Leigh syndrome. Other symptoms are also indicative of brain damage, such as hypertrichosis and neurologically caused deafness. Laboratory findings of lactic acidosis or acidemia and hyperalaninemia (elevated levels of alanine in the blood) can also suggest Leigh syndrome. Assessing the level of organic acids in urine can also indicate a dysfunction in the metabolic pathway.
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This led to a high rise in juvenile delinquency because more children and teens were implanted with the thought that carrying out bad actions was okay. Lead has also been linked to juvenile delinquency , it was added to gasoline from the 1920s through 1979, however it was not widely understood to be neurologically harmful in minute amounts until the 1950s. For further information on this topic, and more, please see the references below or the juvenile delinquency page.
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One such illustration is how women are more likely to speak faster, elongate the ends of words, and raise their pitch at the end of sentences. Women and men are also different in how they neurologically process emotional prosody. In an fMRI study, men showed a stronger activation in more cortical areas than female subjects when processing the meaning or manner of an emotional phrase. In the manner task, men had more activation in the bilateral middle temporal gyri.
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A "spinal fusion" surgery entails two or more vertebra are permanently immobilized through surgery using titanium implants. Another less common technique is to replace the burst vertebra with an artificial boneVertebral Bone Replacement or cadaver bone. Both latter strategies have been used successfully in elderly subjects, and has not yet been attempted in younger subjects due to the unknown stability over the long term. Nonsurgical management is possible when the burst fracture subject is intact neurologically.
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Solso (1998), p. 15. Theoretical Synthesis also claims that bottom-up processing occurs "when a stimulus is presented long and clearly enough." Cognitively speaking, certain cognitive processes, such as fast reactions or quick visual identification, are considered bottom- up processes because they rely primarily on sensory information, whereas processes such as motor control and directed attention are considered top-down because they are goal directed. Neurologically speaking, some areas of the brain, such as area V1 mostly have bottom-up connections.
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One study found that smokers exhibit better reaction-time and memory performance compared to non-smokers, which is consistent with increased activation of dopamine receptors. Neurologically, rodent studies have found that nicotine self-administration causes lowering of reward thresholds—a finding opposite that of most other drugs of abuse (e.g. cocaine and heroin). The carcinogenity of tobacco smoke is not explained by nicotine per se, which is not carcinogenic or mutagenic, although it is a metabolic precursor for several compounds which are.
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Cerati fell into a coma sometime before. He was maintained on life support hoping for a recovery. A month after the stroke, Claudio E. Pensa M.D., medical director of the FLENI Neurological Institute, issued a statement to the press stating that Cerati's medical condition remained unchanged and that he would only provide new information if changes were to occur. On December 2, 2010, a statement was issued by ALCLA Clinic's medical director stating that, neurologically, Cerati was reacting to thermal stimuli.
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In addition to the aforementioned psychological studies, related neurobiological studies were conducted that could possibly further explain the phenomenon of FAB. During an interview, neurobiologist Matt Wilson detailed that in studying the brain activity of rats it was found that the remembrance of past events and the anticipation of future events seemed to be linked neurologically. Interview with Matt Wilson. This is a possible implication of why FAB exists: the human need to catalog relevant information to be used in the future.
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Rams routinely perform the same courtship behaviors (including foreleg kicks, nudges, vocalizations, anogenital sniffs and flehmen) prior to mounting other males as observed when other rams court and mount estrous females. Furthermore, pelvic thrusting and ejaculation often accompany same-sex mounts by rams. A number of studies have reported differences in brain structure and function between male-oriented and female- oriented rams, suggesting that sexual partner preferences are neurologically hard-wired. A 2003 study by Dr. Charles E. Roselli et al.
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The Bobath clinic continues to run and the Bobath name is well-known; for instance, the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy has said of the Bobath concept that "it is the most popular approach for treating neurologically-impaired patients in the western world." There is a view that Bobath's techniques may be no better than other techniques, although they may be no worse. Critics believe that therapists are not using evidence-based techniques. Others believe that Bobath's approach should be updated rather than abandoned.
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The church, situated above sea level, dominates and forms part of the Steinhof Psychiatric Hospital; previous official title was Niederösterreichische Landes-Heil- und Pflegeanstalt für Nerven- und Geisteskranke 'Am Steinhof' (Lower Austrian State Healing and Care Institution for the Neurologically and Mentally Sick, 'Am Steinhof'). It is located on a hillside (the Baumgartnerhöhe) below the Galitzinberg in the 14th Vienna district, Penzing. It has a separate status as part of the surrounding hospital and does not form part of the Archdiocese of Vienna.
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They are highly diverse, not just in size and anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and habitat. The phylum is typically divided into 8 or 9 taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct. Cephalopod molluscs, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, are among the most neurologically advanced of all invertebrates—and either the giant squid or the colossal squid is the largest known invertebrate species. The gastropods (snails and slugs) are by far the most numerous molluscs and account for 80% of the total classified species.
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Archetypes are, according to Swiss psychologist Carl Jung, innate universal psychic dispositions that form the substrate from which the basic themes of human life emerge. Being universal and innate, their influence can be detected in the form of myths, symbols, rituals and instincts of human beings. Archetypes are components of the collective unconscious and serve to organize, direct and inform human thought and behaviour. According to Jung, archetypes heavily influence the human life cycle, propelling a neurologically hard-wired sequence which he called the stages of life.
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Tulving, E., & Markowitsch, H. J. (1998). Episodic and declarative memory: Role of the hippocampus, Hippocampus, 8, 198-204. Another real life problem with RA is malingering, which is conceived as the rational output of a neurologically normal brain aiming at the surreptitious achievement of a well identified gain. Since it is common for people who have committed a crime to report having RA for that specific event in order to avoid their punishment, the legal system has pushed for the creation of a standardized test of amnesia.
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The LoS can be indicative of fall risks in the elderly, individuals with movement disorders and in neurologically impaired populations. The ability to voluntarily move the COG to positions within the Limits of Stability (LOS) with control is fundamental to independence and safety in mobility tasks such as reaching for objects, transitioning from seated to standing positions (or standing to seated) and walking. 50px This article contains quotations from this source, which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY 3.0) license.
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The NINDS was created in 1950 to study and treat the neurological and psychiatric casualties of World War II. Many service people had returned with serious brain injuries, nerve damage, and psychic trauma. According to one estimate, "neurologically disabled veterans in the postwar years accounted for about 25 percent of the patients in general hospitals and 10 percent of those in psychiatric hospitals".Rowland, 6. In addition, 1.7 million American men had been rejected for military service due to a neuropsychiatric condition or learning disorder.
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The brain and central nervous system have been extensively studied for evolutionary comparison with placental mammals, particularly with its fellow monotreme, the platypus.Augee, Gooden and Musser, pp. 44–48. The average brain volume is 25 ml, similar to a cat of approximately the same size;Augee, Gooden and Musser, p. 45. while the platypus has a largely smooth brain, the echidna has a heavily folded and fissured, gyrencephalic brain similar to humans, which is seen as a sign of a highly neurologically advanced animal.
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A neurological look at race is multifaceted. The cross-race effect, which is a bias or tendency for people to be more familiar with a face of the same race compared to members of another race, has been neurologically explained by there being differences in brain processing while viewing same-race and other- race faces. There is a debate over the cause of the cross-race effect being due to lack of exposure to other-race faces, or a stereotype/personal belief that affects brain processing.
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He briefly dated HIV patient Deborah (Lisa Chappell) but ended up with good friend - Carmen (Theresa Healey). Guy cheated and they briefly broke up before Carmen fell pregnant and gave birth to daughter - Tuesday (Kelly Tate). In 1995 he was shocked to learn he was the result of an affair between father, Bruce (Ken Blackburn) and Chris' nanny. Carmen died following a truck crash in the hospital and Guy ended up leaving with Chris to seek surgery on a tumour Tuesday had developed neurologically.
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For the last 10 years, he has been working closely with Len Ochs, Ph.D., innovator/originator of the LENS neurofeedback technique, and researching its potential. In 2003, they jointly presented "Fundamentals of the LENS Method: Using EEG Driven Stimulation to Work with the Clinical Spectrum of Problems: Special Emphasis on the Neurologically Sensitive Patient" at the ISNR Conference in Houston,Schedule of ISNR 2003 Conference and their work together is further documented in Stephen's new book on LENS, which is also featured on Ochs' website.
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This explanation has been less popular with archaeologists since the 1970s. Adopting an approach based in cognitive archaeology, Lewis-Williams and Pearce argued that the chambered long barrows "reflected and at the same time constituted... a culturally specific expression of the neurologically generated tiered cosmos", a cosmos mediated by a system of symbols. They suggested that the entrances to the chambers were viewed as transitional zones where sacrificial rituals took place, and that they were possibly spaces for the transformation of the dead using fire.
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It is possible to track which of two forms of rivalrous binocular illusions a person was subjectively experiencing from fMRI signals. When humans think of an object, such as a screwdriver, many different areas of the brain activate. Marcel Just and his colleague, Tom Mitchell, have used fMRI brain scans to teach a computer to identify the various parts of the brain associated with specific thoughts.60 Minutes "Technology that can read your mind" This technology also yielded a discovery: similar thoughts in different human brains are surprisingly similar neurologically.
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According to Simon himself (1969), the location of the stimulus, although irrelevant to the task, directly influences response-selection due to an automatic tendency to 'react towards the source of the stimulation'. Although other accounts have been suggested (cf. Hommel, 1993), explanations for the Simon effect generally refer back to the interference that occurs in the response-selection stage of decision making. Neurologically there could be involvement of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, as well as the Anterior cingulate cortex, which is thought to be responsible for conflict monitoring.
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A seven year old boy, who was admitted to hospital (Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Heidelberg) after consuming several flowers of D. mezereum (number unspecified) at first exhibited symptoms very similar to acute appendicitis, with headache and abdominal pain. > ...a number of neurologically and psychically striking symptoms developed in > the hours that followed: periods of complete disorientation and very severe > motor unrest alternated with periods of complete clarity, with tetanoid > fearfulness. Towards evening, signs of meningitis and finally generalised > convulsions appeared. Very severe diarrhoea then heralded serious enteritis > which only subsided after a week.
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Prosopagnosia can be caused by lesions in various parts of the inferior occipital areas (occipital face area), fusiform gyrus (fusiform face area), and the anterior temporal cortex. Positron emission tomography (PET) and fMRI scans have shown that, in individuals without prosopagnosia, these areas are activated specifically in response to face stimuli. The inferior occipital areas are mainly involved in the early stages of face perception and the anterior temporal structures integrate specific information about the face, voice, and name of a familiar person. Acquired prosopagnosia can develop as the result of several neurologically damaging causes.
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Charles B. Martin (1924–2008) was an Australian philosopher noted for work in metaphysics and the philosophy of mind. Martin was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Calgary, Chair of Philosophy at the University of Sydney, and past President of the Australasian Philosophical Association. Inspired by John Locke, he was an early proponent of causal theories of perception, knowledge, and memory, and a principal architect of Australian metaphysical realism. He advocated an uncompromising materialist conception of minds as complex neurologically based propensities for the manipulation of sensory materials.
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OPCs and their mature derivatives called oligodendrocytes provide critical functional support for nerve cells in the spinal cord and brain. Asterias recently presented the results from phase 1 clinical trial testing of a low dose of AST-OPC1 in patients with neurologically-complete thoracic spinal cord injury. The results showed that AST-OPC1 was successfully delivered to the injured spinal cord site. Patients followed 2–3 years after AST-OPC1 administration showed no evidence of serious adverse events associated with the cells in detailed follow-up assessments including frequent neurological exams and MRIs.
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Dyssomnia is a class of sleep disorders which includes Primary insomnia, primary hypersomnia, narcolepsy, breathing-related sleep disorders, circadian rhythm sleep discorer, and other conditions. Primary insomnia is a disorder in which a patient has difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep. Behavior modification and a reduction in neurologically active substances such as caffeine and alcohol seem to be among the most promising treatments. Although the mechanism is unknown, brain plasticity and behavior modification are utilized to train patients to only go to bed when tired, associating the bed itself with a sleepy state.
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Subsequently, Kentridge, Nijboer and Heywood showed that the same was true of neurologically normal people. Kentridge has also conducted research into the neural bases of colour vision through the study of patients with cerebral achromatopsia. He has shown that such patients, despite having no conscious experience of colour, extract colour contrast signals from visual information originating in the retina. Kentridge, Heywood and Weiskrantz have furthermore shown that a patient with an extensive lesion to their striate cortex does not even extract contrast signals and responds behaviourally only to the wavelength of light.
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Gastric lavage is not recommended to be used routinely in pesticide poisoning management, as clinical benefit has not been confirmed in controlled studies; it is indicated only when the patient has ingested a potentially life-threatening amount of poison and presents within 60 minutes of ingestion. An orogastric tube is inserted and the stomach is flushed with saline to try to remove the poison. If the patient is neurologically impaired, a cuffed endotracheal tube inserted beforehand for airway protection. Studies of poison recovery at 60 minutes have shown recovery of 8%–32%.
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The premise of the neuropsychological model is that there is a difference between cultural imagery and neurologically produced visual patterns known as entoptic phenomena. During ASCs, which can be induced in a number of ways, the first stage of hallucination experienced by a subject contains only entoptic phenomena, such as the scintillating scotoma experienced by migraine sufferers. The second stage begins when the hallucinations are construed by the subject into culturally familiar content. The implication of this is that entoptic phenomena will be understood differently in different cultures.
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Skills learned through the discipline of music may transfer to study skills, communication skills, and cognitive skills useful in every part of a child's studies at school, though. An in-depth Harvard University study found evidence that spatial-temporal reasoning improves when children learn to make music, and this kind of reasoning improves temporarily when adults listen to certain kinds of music, including Mozart. This finding (named The Mozart effect) suggests that music and spatial reasoning are related psychologically (i.e., they may rely on some of the same underlying skills) and perhaps neurologically as well.
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If humans have a mutation in each copy of their DDB2 gene, this causes a mild form of the human disease xeroderma pigmentosum, called XPE. Patients in the XPE group have mild dermatological manifestations and are neurologically unaffected. Mutation in the DDB2 gene causes a deficiency in nucleotide excision repair of DNA. This deficiency is also mild, showing 40 to 60% of normal repair capability and a modest sensitivity to UV light in comparison to the sensitivities of cells defective in the other XP genes XPA, XPB, XPC, XPD, XPF and XPG.
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A somewhat complex language—possibly using syntax—was likely necessary to survive in their harsh environment, with Neanderthals needing to communicate about topics such as locations, hunting and gathering, and tool- making techniques. The FOXP2 gene in modern humans is associated with speech and language development. FOXP2 was present in Neanderthals, but not the gene's modern human variant. Neurologically, Neanderthals had an expanded Broca's area—operating the formulation of sentences, and speech comprehension—but 11 out of 48 genes which encode for language brainwaves had different methylation patterns between Neanderthals and modern humans.
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Implications This model highlights the abilities of form-related cues to detect biological motion and orientation in a neurologically feasible model. The results of the Stage 1 model showed that all behavioral data could be replicated by using form information alone - global motion information was not necessary to detect figures and their orientation. This model shows the possibility of the use of form cues, but can be criticized for a lack of ecological validity. Humans do not detect biological figures in static environments and motion is an inherent aspect in upright figure recognition.
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Seeing no way out, Sunil and Tanvi arrive at the asylum to smuggle Anand out so that he and Tanvi can run away together, but it is too late when Sunil finds out about Anand's lobotomy. Realizing he is better off dead, Sunil sorrowfully kills his neurologically-disabled friend by suffocating him with a pillow. After Sunil confesses to Khurana about the act of euthanasia, Tanvi becomes insane due to the shock of Anand's death. She is admitted as a patient in the same asylum and the same number Anand had, no. 36.
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Neuropsychology addresses how brain regions associated with emotional processing are involved in moral cognition by studying the biological mechanisms that underlie human choices and behavior. Like social psychology, it seeks to determine, not how we should, but how we do behave—though neurologically. For instance, what happens in the brain when we favor one response over another, or when it is difficult to make any decision? Studies of clinical populations, including patients with VMPC (ventromedial prefrontal cortex) damage, reveal an association between impairments in emotional processing and impairments in moral judgement and behavior.
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The Means–Lerman scratch is an uncommon type of heart murmur which occurs in patients with hyperthyroidism. It is a mid-systolic scratching sound best heard over the upper part of the sternum or second left intercostal space at the end of expiration. The murmur results from the rubbing of the pericardium against the pleura in the context of hyperdynamic circulation and tachycardia,Recognizing Thyroid Storm in the Neurologically Impaired Patient: Pathophysiology at Medscape and may mimic the sound of a pericardial rub. The sign was described by J. Lerman M.D. and J. H. Means M.D. of Massachusetts General Hospital in 1932.
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Neural misfiring in the fusiform face area, in the fusiform gyrus (orange), might be a cause of the Cotard delusion. In the cerebrum, organic lesions in the parietal lobe might cause the Cotard delusion. The underlying neurophysiology and psychopathology of Cotard syndrome might be related to problems of delusional misidentification. Neurologically, Cotard's delusion (negation of the Self) is thought to be related to Capgras delusion (people replaced by impostors); each type of delusion is thought to result from neural misfiring in the fusiform face area of the brain, which recognizes faces, and in the amygdalae, which associate emotions to a recognized face.
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Primary Inversion is set in a future where three star-faring civilizations vie for control of human-settled space. Fighter pilot Sauscony (Soz) Valdoria commands a squadron of four Jagernaut pilots, neurologically enhanced empaths who have been bio-engineered as weapons. Jagernauts have extensive biomech throughout their bodies, allowing for enhanced speed and reaction, and an embedded artificial intelligence (AI) in their spinal cords. They are pitted against the legions of the Trader empire, in particular the Aristo ruling class, a race that derives pleasure from the amplified pain and anguish of empaths—especially Jagernauts, as Soz knows from personal experience.
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Biological robots are not officially neurorobots in that they are not neurologically inspired AI systems, but actual neuron tissue wired to a robot. This employs the use of cultured neural networks to study brain development or neural interactions. These typically consist of a neural culture raised on a multielectrode array (MEA), which is capable of both recording the neural activity and stimulating the tissue. In some cases, the MEA is connected to a computer which presents a simulated environment to the brain tissue and translates brain activity into actions in the simulation, as well as providing sensory feedback.
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Some forms of lexical-gustatory synesthesia are triggered by thinking of the word's meaning, rather than its sound or spelling. Others are triggered by hearing or reading an inducer word. In many forms, more well known words and words used with a higher frequency are more likely to have a strong taste association The phonological roots associated with this form of synesthesia drive the current research on lexical-gustatory synesthesia to determine which parts of the brain are active in synesthetes causing the neurological cross-talk condition and how the findings may relate to neurologically normal persons.
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Seven years after her appointment at Willard Parker Hospital, she became chief therapist and coordinator of activity programs (1953–1957) at Blythedale Children's Hospital in Valhalla, New York under the direction of Dr. A.D. Gurewitsch. Blythedale was a small, private, residential treatment center for orthopedically and neurologically handicapped children (ages 5–14). Her job was to coordinate every aspect of the child’s long period of hospitalization that involved therapeutic, recreational and educational components. To the physical handicaps of the children were added the emotional impact of “the climate of stasis and regression” of the hospital itself.
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Witelson conducted a study testing intelligence relative to brain size in 100 neurologically normal, but terminally ill, volunteers who agreed to have their brains measured after they died, and took extensive personal data on them. Her findings were that, overall, larger brains fared better. Brain size decreased with age in men over the age span of 25 to 80 years, but for unknown reasons, age minimally affected brain size in the women. Verbal and spatial intelligence in women was connected with brain size, but in men, verbal intelligence was better for right-handers only, most likely due to the brain's asymmetry.
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Macknik and Martinez-Conde say that magic tricks fool us because humans have hardwired processes of attention and awareness that are hackable. Good magicians use our inherent mental and neural limitations against us by leading us to perceive and feel what we are neurologically inclined to. Working with renowned magicians like Apollo Robbins, Teller, Mac King, and James Randi, Macknik and Martinez-Conde research the ways in which the perceptual and cognitive elements of magic relate to more than simple deceits. The authors reveal the neural underpinnings of the magical methods that explain how our brains perceive magic.
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However, studies have identified that gait patterns in deafferented or immobilized animals are more simplistic than in neurologically intact animals. (Deafferentation and immobilization are experimental preparations of animals to study neural control. Deafferentation involves transecting the dorsal roots of the spinal cord that innervate the animal's limbs which impedes transmission of sensory information while keeping motor innervation of muscles intact. In contrast, immobilization involves injecting an acetylcholine inhibitor which impedes the transmission of motor signals while sensory input is unaffected.) The complexity of gait arises from the need to adapt to expected and unexpected changes in the environment (e.g.
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Lewis Spitz (born 25 August 1939 in Pretoria) is a paediatric surgeon who is internationally recognised as a leader in paediatric surgery and is known for his work on congenital abnormalities of the oesophagus, particularly oesophageal atresia, oesophageal replacement and gastroesophageal reflux especially in neurologically impaired children. He championed the plight of children with cerebral palsy and other congenital disorders; demonstrating that appropriate surgery could improve their quality of life. He is the leading authority in the management of conjoined twins and is recognised as the foremost international expert in this field. Spitz is the Emeritus Nuffield Professor of Paediatric Surgery.
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We can think of one primary component of neglect as involving inattention and that extinction is by no means the whole story for neglect. Extinction encapsulates a critical general principle that applies for most aspects of neglect, namely that the patient's spatial deficit is most apparent in competitive situations, where information towards the good ipsilesional side comes to dominate information that would otherwise be acknowledged towards the contralesional side. This may relate to the attentional limitation seen in neurologically healthy people. We cannot become aware of multiple targets all at once, even if our sensory systems have transduced them.
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A suitable answer in this example would be: an umbrella. The performance in this task is then quantified by counting the number of legitimate patterns that participants construct using the presented shapes. As the neurobiological study of imagination advanced in the 21st century, there was a need to distinguish the neurologically distinct components of imagination: first in terms of their dependence on the lateral PFC and second in terms of the number of involved neuronal ensembles. As a result, “mental synthesis” was adapted to describe the active process of assembling two or more independent objectNEs from memory into novel combinations.
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Also, because he considered H. e. georgicus ancestral to all non-African H. erectus, Meyer concluded that the respiratory muscles of all H. erectus (at least non- ergaster) would not have impeded vocalisation or speech production. However, in 2013 and 2014, anthropologist Regula Schiess and colleagues concluded that there is no evidence of any congenital defects in Turkana boy, and considered the specimen representative of the species. Neurologically, all Homo have similarly configured brains, and, likewise, the Broca's and Wernicke's areas (in charge of sentence formulation and speech production in modern humans) of H. erectus were comparable to those of modern humans.
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Clinically, education is negatively correlated with dementia severity, but positively correlated with grey matter atrophy, intracranial volume, and overall global cognition. Neurologically, education is correlated to greater functional connectivity between fronto-parietal regions and greater cortical thickness in the left inferior temporal gyrus. In addition to the level of education, it has been shown that bilingualism enhances attention and cognitive control in both children and older adults and delays the onset of dementia. It allows the brain to better tolerate the underlying pathologies and can be considered as a protective factor contributing positively to the cognitive reserve.
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Charcot introduced three states of hypnosis: fatigue, catalepsy, and somnambulism, or sleepwalking; it was within this last state that Charcot believed individuals could be communicated to and could respond to suggestions. Charcot showed that if an individual (through post-hypnotic suggestion) self-suggested that they had a psychological trauma, those who were neurologically susceptible would display symptoms of psychological trauma. It was hypothesized that this was due to the dissociation of the ideas from the rest of the individual's consciousness. However, dissociation theory was put aside for Freud's psychoanalytic theory and the rise of behaviourism until Ernest Hilgard renewed its study in the 1970s.
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The most basic and fundamental neurological phenomena in neuropharmacology is the binding of a drug or neurologically active substance to a cellular target. One assay to determine the extent at which a ligand binds to its receptor is the radioligand binding assay (RBA), in which specific binding of a radioactively- labeled ligand is denoted by the difference between saturated and non- saturated tissue samples. While the RBA assay assumes that the tissue prepared has just one molecular target per ligand, in actuality this may not be the case. For example, serotonin binds to many diverse serotonin receptors which makes the RIA assay quite difficult to interpret.
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Electrophysiology is used within translational neuroscience as a means of studying the electric properties of neurons in animal models as well as to investigate the properties of human neurological dysfunction. Techniques used in animal models, such as patch-clamp recordings, have been used to investigate how neurons respond to pharmacological agents. Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are both used to measure electrical activity in the human brain, and can be used in clinical settings to localize the source of neurological dysfunction in conditions such as epilepsy, and can also be used in a research setting to investigate the differences in electrical activity in the brain between normal and neurologically dysfunctional individuals.
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The toothed whales, comprising the Odontoceti suborder of the cetaceans, are differentiated from the baleen whales by the presence of their teeth. The number of teeth and their function can vary widely between species, with some dolphins having over a hundred teeth in their jaws, while the Narwhal has two functional teeth in its upper jaw which grow into long tusks in males. The tusk is used in feeding, navigation and mating and contains millions of sensory pathways, making it the most neurologically complex tooth known. In contrast, the Sperm whale has up to forty teeth in its bottom jaw and none functional in its upper.
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The former main DRMC facility, which is located at 544 South 400 East, is still used for additional services and is often referred to as the 400 East Campus of the DRMC. Southern Utah's first Acute Rehabilitation Center, which providing specialty care for stroke and other neurologically impaired patients, opened on the newly remodeled 5th Floor, December 26, 2003. The Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) opened in May 2005. Women's and children's care, the smallest fully accredited cancer center in the nation, same-day surgery, wound clinic, lab, some imaging services, IV therapy, the diabetes clinic, hyperbaric medicine clinic and behavioral medicine are also located at this campus.
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When comparing different fundoplication techniques, partial posterior fundoplication surgery is more effective than partial anterior fundoplication surgery, and partial fundoplication has better outcomes than total fundoplication. Esophagogastric dissociation is an alternative procedure that is sometimes used to treat neurologically impaired children with GERD. Preliminary studies have shown it may have a lower failure rate and a lower incidence of recurrent reflux. In 2012 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a device called the LINX, which consists of a series of metal beads with magnetic cores that are placed surgically around the lower esophageal sphincter, for those with severe symptoms that do not respond to other treatments.
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In the 1983 film Brainstorm, a wireless brain connection machine is made. A character named Hal Abramson abuses the device with a signal of neverending sexual pleasure. In season three, episode 10, "Awakening" of the television series The Outer Limits, a neurologically impaired woman receives a brain implant to help her become more like a typical human. In episode 41, "Zone Dancer" of the 1986 animated series The Centurions, the lead character Crystal Kane is accused of "Zone Dancing" (the series' term for computer hacking) and seen using a "droud" to interface her brain with computer networks in what is probably the first animated representation of cyberspace and virtual reality.
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David Green is a professorial research fellow in the Department of Cognitive, Perceptual & Brain Sciences, an honorary senior research associate, an emeritus professor of psychology in the Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, and on the faculty of Brain Sciences at University College London. He has researched widely on subjects such as mental models, both construction and manipulation, the lexical organisation, and modelling control processes in speech production, language control particularly biliginual and the imaging of language and object recognition in the neurologically damaged. He is one of the four chief editors of the academic journal Bilingualism: Language and Cognition.Cambridge University Press - Bilingualism: Language and Cognition (Accessed Nov 2011)UCL: Dept.
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While on a lecture tour in South Africa in 1977, Dr. Kountz contracted a crippling brain disease that left him neurologically impaired and confined to his bed, unable to communicate, or care for himself, for the rest of his life. His illness was never diagnosed, and he died on December 23, 1981, at the age of 51. In July 1980 the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People presented an Afro- Academic, Technological, and Scientific Olympics program award, which is a special high school science award for African American students, in his honor. Five years later the World's First International Symposium on Renal (kidney) Failure and Transplantation in Blacks was dedicated to his memory.
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Neurobiology and creativity are two fields that have rarely been researched in unison. Onarheim's expertise lies within a neurologically based understanding of creativity, and methods to use this understanding to make people better problem solvers. In an article from 2013 Onarheim and Morten Friis-Olivarius investigates how neuroscience in general, and neuroscience of creativity in particular, can be used in teaching “applied creativity”. They base this on empirical data from the Applied NeuroCreativity program, taught at Copenhagen Business School Denmark and Sauder School of Business in Canada, in which they introduce the participants to cognitive concepts of creativity, and ask them to apply said concepts to an actual creative problem, they are having.
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The Cornell School District offers a full continuum of special education programs and services to all eligible for such services. Special Education programs and services are available for all eligible students between the ages of three (3) and twenty-one (21). The following types of services are offered by the Cornell School District either through the district, placements in the Allegheny Intermediate Unit, or in Approved Private Schools: Developmental Delays (Preschool Only), Deaf or Hearing Impaired Support, Multiple Disabled Support, Autistic Support, Physical Support, Speech and Language Support, Life Skills, Blind or Visually Impaired Support, Neurologically Impaired Support, Learning Support, Emotional Support, Other Health Impaired Support. Students in grades K–12 receive services via an inclusionary model.
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The same condition had also previously been described by other ophthalmologists, notably Cianca (1962) who named it Cianca's Syndrome and noted the presence of manifest latent nystagmus, and Lang (1968) who called it Congenital Esotropia Syndrome and noted the presence of abnormal head postures. In both cases, however, the essential characteristics were the same, but with emphasis placed on different elements of the condition. Helveston (1993) further clarified and expanded upon von Noorden's work, and incorporated the work of both Lang and Cianca into his summary of the characteristics of the condition: # Esotropia between 10 and 90 dioptres in size # Either alternation or fixation preference may be present (if the latter then amblyopia may result). # Neurologically normal.
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Patients with mild to moderate toxicity experienced symptoms such as insomnia, anxiety, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dystonia and urinary retention. Significantly, fourteen toxic seizures were recorded with two patients suffering life-threatening toxicity with status epilepticus and severe respiratory and metabolic acidosis. It was concluded that BZP appears to induce toxic seizures in neurologically normal subjects. The results of this study and others like it showed that BZP can cause unpredictable and serious toxicity in some individuals, but the data and dosage collection were reliant on self reporting by drug users, which may result in under-reporting (or over-reporting), and there were complicating factors like the frequent presence of alcohol and other drugs.
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Neurotypical or NT, an abbreviation of neurologically typical, is a neologism widely used in the autistic community as a label for people who are not on the autism spectrum or without mental illnesses. In its original usage, it referred to anyone who is not autistic or a 'cousin' with an 'autistic-like' brain; the term was later narrowed to refer to those with strictly typical neurology, that is, without a defined neurological difference. In other words, this refers to anyone who does not have any developmental disorders such as autism, developmental coordination disorder, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The term was later adopted by both the neurodiversity movement and the scientific community.
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Specialty systems would include those with physicians dedicated to emergency medicine, whereas multidisciplinary systems would encompass those that rely on physicians from other disciplines to provide emergency care. Such an approach would seek to categorize pre-hospital care separately from in-hospital systems. Within Arnold and Holliman's understanding of emergency care models, there is also an acknowledgement that current Western models may be inadequate in the context of developing nations. For instance, a cost-benefit analysis found that creating an EMS system in Kuala Lumpur that met U.S. standards for cardiac arrest response (85 percent of patients receive defibrillation within 6 minutes) would cost US$2.5 million and only save four neurologically intact lives per year.
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The drug is endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the North American Society for Gastroenterology and Nutrition, with the latter organization outlining it as a first choice for the management of pediatric constipation. The drug is suggested to never be used in cases in which the patient is neurologically impaired or has a potential swallowing dysfunction due to potential respiration complications. Lipoid pneumonia due to mineral oil aspiration, which is a recognized severe complication of this medication, and emphasizes the need for a heightened awareness among caregivers about the potential dangers of inappropriate mineral oil use. Some go as far as saying that it should never be used with children.
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia among the elderly. The disease is characterized behaviorally by chronic and progressive decline in cognitive function, beginning with short term memory loss, and neurologically by buildup of misfolded tau protein and associated neurofibrillary tangles, and by amyloid-beta senile plaques amyloid-beta senile plaques. Several genetic factors have been identified as contributing to AD, including mutations to the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilins 1 and 2 genes, and familial inheritance of apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4. In addition to these common factors, there are a number of other genes that have shown altered expression in Alzheimer's disease, some of which are associated with epigenetic factors.
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The slide describes the relationship between the key components of imagination: simple memory recall, mental synthesis, and spontaneous insight Prefrontal synthesis (PFS, also known as Mental Synthesis) is the conscious purposeful process of synthesizing novel mental images. PFS is neurologically different from the other types of imagination, such as simple memory recall and dreaming. Unlike dreaming, which is spontaneous and not controlled by the prefrontal cortex (PFC), PFS is controlled by and completely dependent on the intact lateral prefrontal cortex. Unlike simple memory recall that involves activation of a single neuronal ensemble (NE) encoded at some point in the past, PFS involves active combination of two or more object-encoding neuronal ensembles (objectNE).
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The tapping rate is a psychological test given to assess the integrity of the neuromuscular system and examine motor control. The finger tapping test has the advantage of being a relatively pure neurologically driven motor task because the inertial and intersegmental interactions are so small that biomechanical influences on movement are reduced. Finger tapping involves three important features: time, spatial amplitude, and frequency. Studies have reported that the average number of taps per 10-second interval can be used to distinguish between patients with mild traumatic brain injury and healthy controls, is slower in people one month after sustaining a mild traumatic brain injury, and in experienced boxers and soccer players who frequently "headed" the ball.
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Such a goal change might relate to negative effects on children's perception such as lower self-esteem and achievement loss. Studies also identified a developmental mismatch that as children are developing more cognitive ability neurologically, the increased constraints and discipline in middle school actually provide fewer opportunities for children decision making and with lower cognitive involvement. Besides being more competitive, middle school environment is also more complex and impersonal than elementary school which the social life is another significant challenge for children during the transition. APA also points out that currently, many psychologists believe children who think their intelligence can change over time importantly adjust better than those who think their intelligence is fixed during the transition.
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Drowning is a major worldwide cause of death and injury in children. Long term neurological outcomes of drowning cannot be predicted accurately during the early stages of treatment and although survival after long submersion times, mostly by young children, has been reported, many survivors will remain severely and permanently neurologically compromised after much shorter submersion times. Factors affecting the probability of long term recovery with mild deficits or full function in young children include the duration of submersion, whether advanced life support was needed at the accident site, the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and whether spontaneous breathing and circulation are present on arrival at the emergency room. Data on the long- term outcome are scarce and unreliable.
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Merz Pharma GmbH & Co. KGaA is a privately-held pharmaceutical company based in Frankfurt, Germany with affiliates across Europe, as well as the US, Canada, Mexico, Brazil and Asia Pacific and regional headquarters in Singapore and North Carolina, USA. The company is active in research, development and distribution of innovative products in the areas of aesthetic medicine and neurologically induced movement disorders. In German-speaking countries, our consumer products segment, Merz Consumer Care, is a leading provider of innovative health, wellness and beauty products with its well-known tetesept and Merz Spezial brands. Today, Merz’s global business is focused on the areas of medical aesthetics and neurotoxin therapy, supported by a number of successful regional brands in both the prescription medicine and consumer health and beauty sectors.
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This poverty of the stimulus observation became a principal component of Chomsky's argument for a "language organ"—a genetically inherited neurological module that confers a somewhat universal understanding of syntax that all neurologically healthy humans are born with, which is fine-tuned by an individual's experience with their native language. In The Blank Slate (2002), Pinker similarly cites the linguistic capabilities of children, relative to the amount of direct instruction they receive, as evidence that humans have an inborn facility for speech acquisition (but not for literacy acquisition). A number of other theorists have disagreed with these claims. Instead, they have outlined alternative theories of how modularization might emerge over the course of development, as a result of a system gradually refining and fine-tuning its responses to environmental stimuli.
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In the United States, where cars drive on the right side of the road, an American learns to look left when crossing the street. However, if that American visits a country where cars drive on the left, such as the United Kingdom, then the opposite behavior would be required (looking to the right). In this case, the automatic response needs to be suppressed (or augmented) and executive functions must make the American look to the right while in the UK. Neurologically, this behavioural repertoire clearly requires a neural system that is able to integrate the stimulus (the road) with a context (US or UK) to cue a behaviour (look left or look right). Current evidence suggests that neurons in the PFC appear to represent precisely this sort of information.
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Spider-Man 2 is a 2004 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi and written by Alvin Sargent from a story by Alfred Gough, Miles Millar and Michael Chabon. Based on the fictional Marvel Comics character of the same name, it is the second installment in the Spider-Man trilogy and a sequel to 2002's Spider-Man film, starring Tobey Maguire alongside Kirsten Dunst, James Franco, Alfred Molina, Rosemary Harris, and Donna Murphy. Set two years after the events of Spider-Man, the film finds Peter Parker struggling to manage both his personal life and his duties as Spider-Man, which affects his civilian life dramatically. Meanwhile, Dr. Otto Octavius becomes a diabolical villain after a failed experiment kills his wife and leaves him neurologically fused to mechanical tentacles.
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Illustration of typical multipolar neuron Exposure to neurotoxins in society is not new, Neurotoxins: Definition, Epidemiology, Etiology as civilizations have been exposed to neurologically destructive compounds for thousands of years. One notable example is the possible significant lead exposure during the Roman Empire resulting from the development of extensive plumbing networks and the habit of boiling vinegared wine in lead pans to sweeten it, the process generating lead acetate, known as "sugar of lead".Hodge 2002 In part, neurotoxins have been part of human history because of the fragile and susceptible nature of the nervous system, making it highly prone to disruption. The nervous tissue found in the brain, spinal cord, and periphery comprises an extraordinarily complex biological system that largely defines many of the unique traits of individuals.
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Catch & Release angling area on the Stura di Lanzo (Italy). Opponents of catch and release point out that fish are highly evolved vertebrates that share many of the same neurological structures that, in humans, are associated with pain perception. They point to studies that show that, neurologically, fish are quite similar to so-called higher vertebrates and that blood chemistry reveals that hormones and blood metabolites associated with stress are quite high in fish struggling against hook and line. The idea that fish do not feel pain in their mouths has been studied at the University of Edinburgh and the Roslin Institute by injecting bee venom and acetic acid into the lips of rainbow trout; the fish responded by rubbing their lips along the sides and floors of their tanks in an effort to relieve themselves of the sensation.
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Stress affects food preferences. Numerous studies — granted, many of them in animals — have shown that physical or emotional distress increases the intake of food high in fat, sugar, or both, even in the absence of caloric deficits. Once ingested, fat- and sugar-filled foods seem to have a feedback effect that dampens stress related responses and emotions, as these foods trigger dopamine and opioid releases, which protect against the negative consequences of stress. These foods really are "comfort" foods in that they seem to counteract stress, but rat studies demonstrate that intermittent access to and consumption of these highly palatable foods creates symptoms that resemble opioid withdrawal, suggesting that high-fat and high- sugar foods can become neurologically addictive A few examples from the American diet would include: hamburgers, pizza, French fries, sausages and savory pasties.
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Walter F. Heiligenberg (January 31, 1938 - September 8, 1994) is best known for his contribution to neuroethology through his work on one of the best neurologically understood behavioral patterns in vertebrate, Eigenmannia (Zupanc and Bullock 2006). This weakly electric fish and the neural basis for its jamming avoidance response behavioral process was the main focus of his research, and is fully explored in his 1991 book, "Neural Nets in Electric Fish." As an international scientist, he worked alongside other neuroethologists and researchers to further explain animal behavior in a comprehensive manner and "through the application of a strict analytical and quantitative method" (Zupanc 2004). The advancements within neuroethology today are still largely due to his influences, as his life was dedicated to researching that which could be applicable to "all complex nervous systems" and he "[investigated] the general principles of nature" (Autrum 1994).
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Hornby et al. call R.A. Cummins 1988 book The Neurologically Impaired-child: Doman-Delacato Techniques Reappraised (Croom Helm, ), "The most comprehensive analysis of the rationale and effectiveness of the Doman-Delacato programme to date" and state Cummins uses neuroanatomy and neurophysiology to demonstrate that there is no sound scientific basis for the techniques used by the IAHP and concludes any benefit is likely due to increased activity and attention. Hornby et al. conclude, "It is now clear that the only results supporting the effectiveness of the programme come from a handful of early, poorly controlled studies." Kavale and Mostert and others also identified serious problems with the early research on the IAHP program. An analysis of higher quality studies found that students not receiving the treatment had better outcomes than those who were treated by the IAHP.
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Additionally, although physical signs of chronic liver dysfunction may not be present, many people suffer liver impairment leading to liver failure. In MDDS associated with mutations in PEO1/C10orf2 that primarily affect the brain and the liver, symptoms emerge shortly after birth or in early infancy, with hypotonia, symptoms of lactic acidosis, enlarged liver, feeding problems, lack of growth, and delay of psychomotor skills. Neurologically, development is slowed or stopped, and epilepsy emerges, as do sensory problems like loss of eye control and deafness, and neuromuscular problems like a lack of reflexes, muscular atrophy, and twitching, and epilepsy. In MDDS associated with mutations in the genes associated with mutations in ECGF1/TYMP that primarily affects the brain and the gastrointestinal tract, symptoms can emerge any time in the first fifty years of life; most often they emerge before the person turns 20.
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Benasich's work has centered on the study of the early neural processes necessary for normal cognitive and language development and the impact of disordered processing in high risk or neurologically impaired infants. At NYU, Benasich and Marc Bornstein studied the relationship of infant behaviors such as attention, habituation and memory to later cognitive and linguistic activity. In her postdoctoral work at Johns Hopkins, she served on the Research Steering Committee for the Infant Health and Development Program, a large national randomized clinical trial of an early intervention program for low birth weight, premature infants. At CMBN, Rutgers, Newark, as a Research Associate with Paula Tallal, Benasich developed a behavioral and electrocortical (EEG/ERP)battery that permitted the assessment of rapid auditory temporal processing (RAP) in infancy and the relationship of RAP thresholds to subsequent language outcomes.
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Stephanie Mitelman Bercovitch (born February 25, 1976) is a sex education and family life education professor, public speaker, entrepreneur, sex educator, and author specializing in special education, particularly for youth with autism spectrum disorders. McGill Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology: Stephanie Mitelman Earns 2013 First Tracks Award for Innovation in Sexology She is the owner and creator of Senseez Pillows, a company making vibrating pillows for people with sensory needs, and Sex Ed Mart, a sex education publishing and distribution company specializing in sex education for youth with special needs.Pediatric Safety: Senseez Pillows Bercovitch also runs a private sex education practice for youth on the autism spectrum, their parents, and couples who are neurologically diverse.Children's Autism Services of Edmonton 7th Annual Conference Brochure and Registration Bercovitch is currently the only sex educator in Montreal certified by the American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors and Therapists.
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Neurons of the oSDN show aromatase expression which is also smaller in male-oriented rams versus female-oriented rams, suggesting that sexual orientation is neurologically hard-wired and may be influenced by hormones. However, results failed to associate the role of neural aromatase in the sexual differentiation of brain and behavior in the sheep, due to the lack of defeminization of adult sexual partner preference or oSDN volume as a result of aromatase activity in the brain of the fetuses during the critical period. Having said this, it is more likely that oSDN morphology and homosexuality may be programmed through an androgen receptor that does not involve aromatisation. Most of the data suggests that homosexual rams, like female-oriented rams, are masculinized and defeminized with respect to mounting, receptivity, and gonadotrophin secretion, but are not defeminized for sexual partner preferences, also suggesting that such behaviors may be programmed differently.
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In the fifth chapter, "Domesticating Wild Nature", the authors seek to explore how the people of the Neolithic Near East might have understood the concepts of "death", "birth" and the "wild", drawing on ethnographic examples from various recorded shamanistic societies in order to do so.Lewis-Williams and Pearce 2005. pp. 123-148. Chapter six, "Treasure the Dream Whatever the Terror", discusses how aspects of consciousness and cosmology can make their way into myth, expanding on the problematic nature of defining "myth". Turning to the structuralist ideas of anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss, they discuss Lévi-Strauss's ideas of neurologically based "mythemes" that provided the building blocks for myths; although rejecting his structuralism, they concur that there is a neuropsychological "deep structure" behind mythology, and proceed to compare the Epic of Gilgamesh with a Samoyed narrative, "The Cave of the Reindeer Woman."Lewis-Williams and Pearce 2005. pp. 149-168.
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Begun in the anthology series New Triumph, the Northguard series centred on the misadventures of Philip Wise, a young Montreal resident of European Jewish ancestry, who had found himself caught up in the efforts of a private corporation's senior staff to defeat a conspiracy known collectively as “ManDes” (from the term “manifest destiny”) to force Canada and the United States to merge under a quasi-Christian theocratic dictatorship with elements borrowed from white supremacist doctrine. Wise was recruited as the corporation's field agent as a result of the murder of another operative, who was the only one neurologically equipped to use a unique energy weapon, called the “Uniband”, built as an offshoot of applied physics experimentation. Wise's single condition for agreeing to do so was the creation of a “superhero” identity: Northguard. Wise later improvised the name Le Protecteur as a more suitable French language version.
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Standardizing facial memory and perception testing is key for ensuring accurate diagnosis of prosopagnosia and prosopamnesia. Many face perception and memory tests have been developed and used by researchers in the past including the Warrington Recognition Memory for Faces, Benton Facial Recognition Test and later, The Cambridge Face Perception Test and Cambridge Face Memory Test, which were developed in order to address the shortcomings of the first two tests.Duchaine, B., & Nakayama, K. (2006). The Cambridge Face Memory Test: results for neurologically intact individuals and an investigation of its validity using inverted face stimuli and prosopagnosic participants. Neuropsychologia, 44(4), 576-585. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.001 The Warrington Recognition Memory tests "contain abundant non-internal facial feature information" and the Benton Facial Recognition Test allows the test subject to "rely on feature matching strategies using the hairline and eyebrows rather than recognizing the facial configuration".Duchaine, B. C., & Weidenfeld, A. (2003).
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Experiments with S.M. revealed no fear in response to exposure and handling of snakes and spiders (including tarantulas), a walk through a haunted attraction (Waverly Hills Sanatorium, specifically), or fear-inducing film clips (e.g., The Blair Witch Project, The Shining, and The Silence of the Lambs), instead only interest, curiosity, and excitement, though she also expressed emotions appropriate to the film content such as happiness and disgust when viewing non fear-inducing film clips. Research has revealed that S.M. is not immune to all fear, however; along with other patients with bilateral amygdala damage, she was found to experience fear and panic attacks of greater intensity than the neurologically healthy controls in response to simulation of the subjective experience of suffocation via carbon dioxide inhalation, feelings which she and the others described as completely novel to them. S.M. is described as very outgoing, extremely friendly, and uninhibited, as well as "somewhat coquettish" (playfully flirtatious) and having an abnormally high desire and tendency to approach others.
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Anne Gould was raised in Seattle and studied architecture at the University of Washington College of Architecture and Urban Planning for two years (she was particularly influenced by faculty member Lionel Pries), then spent a year at Vassar, before enrolling at the Cambridge School of Architecture and Design in Cambridge, Massachusetts, but she returned to Seattle on the death of her father in 1939. In June 1941, Anne Gould married John Hauberg, a timber heir, who attended Princeton University and graduated from the University of Washington College of Forestry in 1949.Recollections of a Civic Errand Boy, the autobiography of John Henry Hauberg, Junior, 2003, Pacific Denkmann Co. Anne Hauberg's philanthropic career was launched when two of the couple's three children proved to be mentally disabled. The Haubergs gave funds for the creation of the Pilot School for Neurologically Impaired Children which opened in 1960 in two small buildings on the University of Washington campus.
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In the water-jar problem, subjects generated a specific rule because it seemed to work in all situations; when they were given problems for which the same solution worked, but a better solution was possible, they still gave their tried and true response. Where theories of inductive reasoning tend to diverge from the idea of Einstellung effect is when analyzing the fact that, even after an instance where the Einstellung rule failed to work, many subjects reverted to the old solution when later presented with a problem for which it did work (again, this problem also had a better solution). One way to explain this observation is that in actuality subjects know (consciously) that the same solution might not always work, yet since they were presented with so many instances where it did work, they still tend to test that solution before any other (and so if it works, it will be the first solution found). Neurologically, the idea of synaptic plasticity, which is an important neurochemical explanation of memory, can help to understand the Einstellung effect.
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