For Biblical literalists, there's creationism, which pretends to be science.
|
|
There are an estimated 35 million biblical literalists in the United States.
|
|
No other modern Western democracy has such a huge share of Biblical literalists.
|
|
The Constitution also looms large as a touchstone, to which literalists brook no challenge.
|
|
Though they come from extremely different traditions, Pusha and Cardi are plain-spoken literalists.
|
|
Most (but not all) attendees were biblical literalists, and believed in a young-Earth creation story.
|
|
According to the moral reading view, judges should not strive to be literalists about legislation or legal texts.
|
|
If Wells' followers are dedicated, they're also literalists when it comes to his teachings, more apostles than parishioners.
|
|
Americans, he complained, were literalists, who "don't know how to communicate in symbols except in the baldest of ways".
|
|
Sometimes the purpose is to defend a more fundamental belief system, as when biblical literalists find themselves obliged to support creationism.
|
|
"Split the Lark—and you'll find the Music," Emily Dickinson wrote, in a taunt aimed at the world's know-it-alls and literalists.
|
|
But courts are literalists which avoid trapping innocent people in the extensions of their language and avoid allowing authorities to interpret vague language in partisan ways.
|
|
And several biblical literalists are in Trump's cabinet, which surely had something to do with the president's decision to pull out of the Paris Climate Agreement in June.
|
|
Before the nineties, most evangelicals in Oklahoma were Democrats; as late as the 1994 elections, sixty per cent of registered Democrats in the state described themselves as Biblical literalists.
|
|
In fact, as Ms. Loveland's perceptive program note reminds us, the struggle between fathers and sons, fundamentalists and liberals, literalists and symbolists, is not restricted to a specific time and place.
|
|
For the literalists who date the start of this bull market to the March 9, 2009, bear-market low, this has been the second-longest advance on record without a 0.653 percent drop.
|
|
Not all monotheists are literalists, and, for many of us, both now and throughout history, the Garden of Eden is not a faulty hypothesis about evolution but a rich symbolic story about good and evil.
|
|
In several war-torn countries, militant Sunni literalists such as the Taliban and Islamic State are battling other Muslims who want the faith more adapted to the modern world or belong to a minority sect such as Shi'ism.
|
|
I don't have much good to say about the random guy who munched Mr. Cattelan's banana, though it continues a long tradition of literalists who like bringing conceptual art from the realm of ideas back down to Earth.
|
|
The doctrine does deny that the Bible is a code to decipher, or that understanding it requires complex academic analysis as is typical in the historical-critical method of interpretation. Biblical literalists believe that the story of Noah's ark (depicted in this painting by Edward Hicks) is historically accurate. Biblical literalists believe that, unless a passage is clearly intended by the writer as allegory, poetry, or some other genre, the Bible should be interpreted as literal statements by the author. Critics argue that allegorical intent can be ambiguous.
|
|
Literalists, otherwise known as lifestylers, incorporate elements from the Gorean culture and gender roles in their daily livesThe Gorean Lifestyle and some adherents of this approach were prosecuted for leading coercive sex cults.Behind Gor, a 'slave master' subculture of sexual deviance As opposed to literalists, the role players, divided into real-life sexual roleplayers (engaged or not engaged in BDSM practices) and online role-playing gamers (present particularly in Second Life)Gorean roleplay in Second Life are not necessarily committed to Gorean philosophy and ideals. Gorean role playing in Second Life. Panther Girls, Gorean Amazons from the Northern Forest, attending a meeting at the town hall of the city Thentis.
|
|
He also expressed strong reservations about a theology based on taqlid and marked by polemics. In this book, Ghazali makes an attempt to respond to the extreme literalists and the Muʿtazilites. It is the balance between reason and revelation that led to the title of book The Moderation in Belief.
|
|
In it he showed that the Earth is the product of natural forces. What could be seen happening today, over long periods of time, could produce what we see in the rocks. It also hypothesized that the age of the Earth was much older than what biblical literalists claim.Gribbin, John.
|
|
Historically, many American religions disapproved of interracial marriage. Religious tradition and church attendance are consistent predictors for attitudes towards interracial marriages. Biblical literalists are less likely to support interracial marriage to Asians and Latinos. Whites who attend multiracial congregations or engage in devotional religious practices are more likely to support interracial marriages.
|
|
Ayatollah Nekoonam has started writing since childhood. “What Do Literalists (Ikhbari) and Principlists (Usuli) Say?” which caught distinguished scholars’ attention at that time was the first book he wrote at the age of 11. So far, he has published 800 books 200 of which have already been published in Persian and Arabic. The rest are in print.
|
|
To this, Henderson satirically retorts that the Flying Spaghetti Monster presented all evidence to the contrary in order to test Pastafarians' faith.The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, p.37 In addition to parodying certain biblical literalists, Henderson uses this unorthodox method to lampoon intelligent design proponents, who, he believes, first "define [their] conclusion and then gather evidence to support it".
|
|
This led him to associate with the "" (roughly, the "Literalists") a group of radical intellectuals who between 1880-1882 met to discuss art and literature . Karl Gjellerup and Pietro Krohn were among its most notable members. His best works are generally believed to be those he did along the shores of Lillebælt and Hellebæk. In 1874, his painting Hede med en Mose was acquired for the Royal Collection.
|
|
Only two synagogues maintained the ancient custom (known as the custom of literalists, minhag ha-pashtamim): The Great Synagogue and the synagogue Yakhin u-Boaz (later renamed Guggenheim Society). The piyyutim mentioned above, which are recited on special Shabbatot and festivals, etc., were edited in a book called Qrovatz.Nehoray ben Seadya Azoviv, 'Chokhmat Miskén: ve-hu sefer Qrovatz she-nahagu leomram ha-qahal ha-qadosh she-be-ir Argel', Livorno 1772.
|
|
The central creation myth is that an invisible and undetectable Flying Spaghetti Monster created the universe "after drinking heavily". According to these beliefs, the Monster's intoxication was the cause for a flawed Earth. Furthermore, according to Pastafarianism, all evidence for evolution was planted by the Flying Spaghetti Monster in an effort to test the faith of Pastafarians—parodying certain biblical literalists. When scientific measurements such as radiocarbon dating are taken, the Flying Spaghetti Monster "is there changing the results with His Noodly Appendage".
|
|
Religious beliefs may prompt an individual to deny the validity of the scientific theory of evolution. Evolution is considered an undisputed fact within the scientific community and in academia, where the level of support for evolution is essentially universal, yet this view is often met with opposition by biblical literalists. The alternative view is often presented as a literal interpretation of the Book of Genesis's creation myth. Many fundamentalist Christians teach creationism as if it were fact under the banners of creation science and intelligent design.
|
|
To Averroes, the world—including the sun, the moon, the rivers, the seas, and the location of humans—seems to be tuned to support human life and indicates the existence of a creator. Averroes lays out his views on the existence and nature of God in the treatise The Exposition of the Methods of Proof. He examines and critiques the doctrines of four sects of Islam: the Asharites, the Mutazilites, the Sufis and those he calls the "literalists" (al-hashwiyah). Among other things, he examines their proofs of God's existence and critiques each one.
|
|
Abrahamic religions have used the teleological argument in many ways, and it has a long association with them. In the Middle Ages, Islamic theologians such as Al- Ghazali used the argument, although it was rejected as unnecessary by Quranic literalists, and as unconvincing by many Islamic philosophers. Later, the teleological argument was accepted by Saint Thomas Aquinas and included as the fifth of his "Five Ways" of proving the existence of God. In early modern England clergymen such as William Turner and John Ray were well-known proponents.
|
|
Amongst those not registering such attitudes a high percentage indicated a preference for adhering to a belief concerning mystery than any dogmatic or faith based view. But only 10% of scientists stated that they saw a fundamental clash between science and religion. This study of trends over time suggests that the "culture wars" between creationism against evolution, are held more strongly by religious literalists than by scientists themselves and are likely to continue, fostering anti-scientific or pseudoscientific attitudes amongst fundamentalist believers. More recently, the intelligent design movement has attempted an anti-evolution position that avoids any direct appeal to religion.
|
|
The bibliography for The Pagan Christ contains over 80 published authors who are cited in the book. Harpur has been studying the classics and the Bible since he was a Rhodes Scholar in the early 1950s, and he draws on individuals as diverse as St. Augustine and Sigmund Freud for supporting quotes. However, he bases many of his arguments on the writings of relatively unknown authors Alvin Boyd Kuhn (to whom the book is dedicated), Gerald Massey and Godfrey Higgins. He also opens himself to criticism by quoting contemporary atheists such as Earl Doherty and Acharya S, who are often targeted by biblical literalists and apologists.
|
|
Ibn Furak's works in "Usul al- Din" (foundation of religion), "Usul al-fiqh" (foundation of jurisprudence), and the meanings of the Quran count nearly one hundred volumes. Among them are Mujarrad Maqâlât al-Ash`arî and Kitab Mushkil al-hadith wa-bayanihi (with many variants of the title), in which he refuted both the anthropomorphist tendencies of Hanbali literalists and the over-interpretation of the Mu'tazila. Ibn Furak said that he embarked on the study of kalam because of the hadîth reported from the Prophet. His main work in the eyes of later generations is Tabaqat al-mutakallimin which is the main source to study al- Ash'ari theology.
|
|
Katz's theory, to take this example, is based on the fundamental idea that sense should not have to be defined in terms of, nor determine, referential or extensional properties but that it should be defined in terms of, and determined by, all and only the intensional properties of names. He illustrates the way a metalinguistic description theory can be successful against Kripkean counterexamples by citing, as one example, the case of "Jonah." Kripke’s Jonah case is very powerful because in this case the only information that we have about the Biblical character Jonah is just what the Bible tells us. Unless we are fundamentalist literalists, it is not controversial that all of this is false.
|
|
While classical Islamic law permitted slavery, the abolition movement starting in the late 18th century in England and later in other Western countries influenced slavery in Muslim lands both in doctrine and in practice. According to Smith "the majority of the faithful eventually accepted abolition as religiously legitimate and an Islamic consensus against slavery became dominant", though this continued to be disputed by some literalists. " Subsequently, even religious conservatives came to accept that slavery was contrary to Islamic principles of justice and equality." and the vast majority of Muslims today oppose it. However, contradictions persisted as is demonstrated by Ahmed Hassan, a twentieth-century translator of Sahih Muslim, who prefaced the translated chapter on marriage by claiming that Islam only allows sex within marriage.
|
|
Protestant literalists who believe that the Hebrew text of the Old Testament is the inspired Word of God are divided on the question of whether or not the vowel points should be considered an inspired part of the Old Testament. In 1624, Louis Cappel, a French Huguenot scholar at Saumur, published a work in which he concluded that the vowel points were a later addition to the biblical text and that the vowel points were added not earlier than the fifth century AD. This assertion was hotly contested by Swiss theologian Johannes Buxtorf II in 1648. Brian Walton's 1657 polyglot bible followed Cappel in revising the vowel points. In 1675, the 2nd and 3rd canons of the so-called Helvetic Consensus of the Swiss Reformed Church confirmed Buxtorf's view as orthodox and affirmed that the vowel points were inspired.
|
|
The Jewish Bible (the Christian Old Testament) dates events either by simple arithmetic taking the creation of the world as the starting point, or, in the later books, by correlations between the reigns of kings in Israel and Judah. The data it provides falls into three periods: # From the Creation to Abraham's migration to Canaan, during which events are dated by adding the ages of the patriarchs; # From Abraham's migration to the foundation of Solomon's temple, in which the chronology in Genesis continues to be arrived at by adding ages, but from Exodus on is usually given in statements; # From the foundation of the temple onward, which gives the reigns in years (sometimes shorter periods) of kings in Israel and Judah. For the biblical authors the chronology was theological in intent, functioning as prophecy and not as history. Biblical literalism, however, does not treat it this way, because literalists have a profound respect for the Bible as the word of God.
|
|
The influential academic positions held by Albright and his followers, and their immense output — Albright alone authored over a thousand books and articles — made their work highly influential, especially in America, and especially among ordinary Christians who wished to believe that archaeology had "proved the Bible true". In fact the members of the school were not biblical literalists, and their main concern was to discriminate between those parts of the biblical story that were true and those that were embellishments. By the middle of the 20th century the work of Albright and his students, notably Nelson Glueck (1900-1971), E. A. Speiser (1902-1965), G. Ernest Wright (1909-1974) and Cyrus Gordon (1908-2001), had produced a consensus that biblical archaeology had provided physical evidence for the originating historical events behind the Old Testament narratives: in the words of Albright: "Discovery after discovery has established the accuracy of innumerable details of the Bible as a source of history."W.
|
|