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175 Sentences With "lawful authority"

How to use lawful authority in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "lawful authority" and check conjugation/comparative form for "lawful authority". Mastering all the usages of "lawful authority" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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Did Mr. Trump have lawful authority to fire Mr. Comey?
"1MDB remains committed to fully cooperating with any foreign lawful authority," 1MDB said in a statement.
"The President exercised his lawful authority and we respect his decision," said Ian Prior, a Justice Department spokesman.
Burnham said the president could exclude all reporters from the White House and that would be within his lawful authority.
Donald Trump's actions may grievously exercise liberal sensibilities, but so far, at least, they have been within his lawful authority.
The Department of Homeland Security therefore acted within its lawful authority in deciding to wind down DACA in an orderly manner.
"The RCMP possesses and uses specialized tools and techniques under lawful authority in the execution of criminal investigations," RCMP spokesperson Sgt.
"Each step the Special Counsel has taken against Mr. Manafort has been without lawful authority," Manafort's lawyers wrote in mid-March.
"We will absolutely defend the president's lawful authority to keep Americans safe and protect communities from gang violence," Mr. Prior said.
I am going to use every lawful authority to remove and discipline anyone who fails our veterans or breaches the public trust.
"Instead, this case presents strict legal questions regarding whether the proposed plan for funding border barrier construction exceeds the Executive Branch's lawful authority."
The use of these fees to keep parks maintained, including during a shutdown, is not only within our lawful authority, it is our responsibility.
It added that it wasn't contacted by the U.S. authorities in relation to the investigation, but it stood ready to cooperate with any foreign lawful authority.
" Department of Justice spokesman Devin O'Malley: "The District Court exceeded its authority today ... The Justice Department will vindicate the President's lawful authority to direct the executive branch.
" Andrews warned police "would not hesitate to arrest and detain opportunists and trouble makers who defy lawful authority by disturbing peace and good order in the community.
In a statement, he said that DACA was "an unlawful circumvention of Congress" and that the Trump administration was "within its lawful authority" in winding it down.
Gandhi tried to sheath her authoritarian regime with a veneer of lawful authority by ratcheting up the use of existing laws of preventive detention and police powers.
"Obviously, the evaluation confirmed the Department's long-held view that the ERB has the lawful authority to reassign SES Members and has done so here," the spokesperson said.
Mr. Sanchez also allegedly used, without "lawful authority," other identification to commit the wire fraud, such as R.H.'s social security number and birth date, the document said.
"The Department of Homeland Security therefore acted within its lawful authority in deciding to wind down DACA in an orderly manner," spokesman Devin O'Malley said in a statement.
But there is scant precedent supporting the notion that Mr. Trump has lawful authority to bypass the acting attorney general and directly fire Mr. Mueller, legal scholars said.
"The president of the United States has exercised his lawful authority to remove James B. Comey Jr. as the director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation," the email read.
It is also critical, however, that national security and criminal investigators be able to overcome encryption, under lawful authority, when necessary to the furtherance of national-security and criminal investigations.
The Department of Homeland Security acted within its lawful authority in deciding to wind down DACA in an orderly manner, and the Justice Department believes the courts will ultimately agree.
According to the country's Criminal Justice (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 it is an offense to possess a "realistic imitation firearm" in a public place without lawful authority or reasonable excuse.
"I reject this notion that there could be such a place that no matter what kind of lawful authority you have, it's utterly beyond reach to protect innocent citizens," he said.
"But on the other hand, there's an awareness among the officials in Multnomah County that they don't have the lawful authority to prohibit ICE from entering a county courthouse," he said.
The Trump Administration and this Department of Justice will continue to aggressively defend the executive branch&aposs lawful authority and duty to ensure a lawful system of immigration for our country.
In May, it had said it hadn't been contacted by any foreign lawful authority on matters relating to the company, and that it remains committed to fully cooperating with the authorities.
The Justice Department is "confident that President Trump's executive order is well within his lawful authority to keep the nation safe and protect our communities from terrorism," spokeswoman Sarah Isgur Flores said.
"The President's executive order fails squarely within his lawful authority in seeking to protect our nation's security, and the department will continue to defend this executive order in the courts," the spokesperson added.
"Right now we have the lawful authority to detain a family unit together for up to 20 days," Gene Hamilton, an adviser to Attorney General Jeff Sessions, told reporters in Washington on Wednesday.
At the time, the President, as the singular head of the executive branch, acted within his lawful authority, although the firing, which became known as the "Saturday Night Massacre," eventually contributed to Nixon's impeachment.
"The Department of Homeland Security acted within its lawful authority in deciding to wind down DACA in an orderly manner, and the Justice Department believes the courts will ultimately agree," said spokesman Devin O'Malley.
Judge Edgardo Ramos of Federal District Court in Manhattan ruled in favor of the plaintiffs in 2018, saying that the Trump administration did not have the "lawful authority" to impose such conditions on funding.
Mr. Bey is being charged for misrepresenting himself, and having a false identity along with presenting a document not issued by a lawful authority, and aiding and abetting his family's illegal stay in South Africa.
"The Department of Homeland Security acted within its lawful authority in deciding to wind down DACA in an orderly manner, and the Justice Department believes the courts will ultimately agree," spokesman Devin O'Malley told CNN.
" The application actually shows that a Milwaukee County investigation found it to be "credible" that Clarke was "in excess of his lawful authority to direct his deputies to stop and question Black without legal justification.
The attorney general had authority to decide who should be held, Stewart said, and Sabraw and Gee's orders did not require the release of parents if the government decided it had lawful authority to hold them.
However, it should work with other agencies and use its lawful authority to regulate data security and consumer privacy to develop a strategy to counter the risk the Chinese pose to our private and personal information.
"The Department of Justice will use all lawful authority to ensure that criminals who are illegally in this country are detained and removed swiftly and to hold accountable jurisdictions that willfully violate federal law," he added. Rep.
"Today's decision rightfully recognizes the lawful authority of the attorney general to ensure that Department of Justice grant recipients are not at the same time thwarting federal law enforcement priorities," Alexei Woltornist, a Justice Department spokesman, said.
"The fact that the president has lawful authority to take a particular course of action does not immunize him if he takes that action with the unlawful intent of obstructing a proceeding for an improper purpose," they wrote.
"Defendants and their co-conspirators also used, without lawful authority, the social security numbers, home addresses, and birth dates of real U.S. persons to open accounts at PayPal, a digital payments company," the indictment against the Russians says.
In order to suspend a student for "defying or disobeying the lawful authority" of school staff, the kind of catchall violation that was disproportionately applied to students of color, a principal had to obtain approval from the Education Department.
"It's important that a judge for the first time recognizes the All Writs Act doesn't provide the lawful authority the government has been claiming in these cases," said Esha Bhandari, a lawyer with the A.C.L.U., which supports Apple's position.
WASHINGTON — A month after President Trump ordered a military strike on the Syrian regime as punishment for using chemical weapons, his administration has yet to offer a rationale for what lawful authority he had to carry out the attack.
To the issue of criminality, let there be no doubt: Even a layman's familiarity of the simplest variety leaves you with the certitude that the author committed sedition; any decent dictionary will define that crime as resistance to a lawful authority.
Going forward, the least that Judge Bolton can do is ensure that Arpaio's actions and conviction remain on the record, to remind us of how one person was able to violate his oath of office and abuse his lawful authority.
His administration refused to answer questions about why it thought he had lawful authority to carry out such an act of war unilaterally, especially as a matter of international law, leaving it unclear whether it had first considered potential legal constraints.
Law enforcement sources tell TMZ ... until a court, board, commission, judge or other lawful authority determines Aaron suffers from a mental illness or condition that causes him to be a danger to himself or others, he can keep his guns.
"We have asked the Supreme Court to hear this important case and are confident that President Trump's executive order is well within his lawful authority to keep the nation safe and protect our communities from terrorism," Justice Department spokesperson Sarah Isgur Flores said.
While lawmakers may have originally specified that money for different purposes, they also handed the executive branch the lawful authority to redesignate the funding they had previously appropriated, creating the explicit authority for the president to do precisely what he has done here.
"We call it 'going dark,' and what it means is this: Those charged with protecting our people aren't always able to access the evidence we need to prosecute crime and prevent terrorism even with lawful authority," Comey wrote in the fall of 2014.
Even before joining Trump, he wrote an unsolicited memo arguing outright that a president cannot be charged with obstruction of justice if the underlying actions fall under his lawful authority and the accusations are false — the same argument he made at Wednesday's hearing.
" In a statement, Devin O'Malley, a spokesman for the Justice Department, reiterated arguments that the government had made before Judge Garaufis, saying that DACA was "an unlawful circumvention of Congress" and that the Department of Homeland Security had "acted within its lawful authority.
During his prepared statements, Comey complained that the FBI has been unable to unlock and access data on more than 3,000, or 46 percent, of all the cellphones or mobile devices they had lawful authority to search during the first half of this year.
The memo was dated Wednesday but Mr. Engel wrote that his office had verbally advised the White House that the president had lawful authority to designate someone like Mr. Whitaker as the acting successor to Mr. Sessions before he resigned under pressure last week.
"The Department of Justice has long maintained that DHS acted within its lawful authority in making the discretionary decision to wind down DACA in an orderly manner, and we welcome the good news today that the district court in Maryland strongly agrees," O'Malley said.
"As I have previously explained to the forensic computer researchers at Arsenal, it is against the law (in every country, not just Turkey) to release or provide access to private data without lawful authority," Matt Peacock, group director of corporate affairs at Vodafone, told me by email.
"We have asked the Supreme Court to hear this important case and are confident that President Trump's executive order is well within his lawful authority to keep the nation safe and protect our communities from terrorism," Justice Department spokeswoman Sarah Isgur Flores said in a statement.
In his brief, Mr. Rudin said that a prosecutor has "no lawful authority to subpoena a person to his office" and that Ms. Simon should have been brought before a judge to determine if she was in fact a material witness in the car-theft case.
"The fact that the president has lawful authority to take a particular course of action does not immunize him if he takes that action with the unlawful intent of obstructing a proceeding for an improper purpose," write Barry Berke, Noah Bookbinder and former Obama ethics czar Norm Eisen.
In addition, bringing him there would open the door to legal headaches, including giving a judge an opportunity to rule on a disputed question: whether the government has lawful authority to wage war against the Islamic State under the authority granted by Congress to fight the perpetrators of the Sept.
Open carry laws present our officer with a genuine Catch-22: her authority to temporarily seize the individuals in possession and/or their firearm is contingent on some indication of wrongdoing, but the lawful authority to carry the weapon openly indicates that her observation upon arrival at the scene cannot satisfy that requirement.
"The Justice Department continues to maintain that the Department Homeland Security acted well within its lawful authority to rescind DACA in an orderly manner, and today's memo responds to a court order by providing further explanation of why the decision to rescind DACA was, and remains, entirely proper," a Justice Department spokesperson said in a statement.
In a statement following the ruling, Attorney General Jeff SessionsJefferson (Jeff) Beauregard SessionsDOJ should take action against China's Twitter propaganda Lewandowski says he's 'happy' to testify before House panel The Hill's Morning Report — Trump and the new Israel-'squad' controversy MORE said the administration disagrees with the 9th Circuit's decision to block the president's lawful authority to keep the nation safe.
Judge Edgardo Ramos, of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, said the government "did not have lawful authority" to make states alert federal agents when an undocumented immigrant is going to be released from state or local custody and allow federal agents to question immigrants in custody about their legal status in order for states and cities to receive funding.
Here are some facts about the gun laws in the Sunshine State, from the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence and the National Rifle Association's Institute for Legislative Action: The right to bear arms is found in the first article of Florida's constitution: "The right of the people to keep and bear arms in defense of themselves and of the lawful authority of the state shall not be infringed..." You don't need a permit or license to buy a gun, nor do you have to register a firearm.
Third, the Court held that Spencer's expectation of privacy in his subscriber information was a reasonable one. The Court dismissed the Crown's argument that the request for subscriber information was authorized by section 7(3)(c.1)(ii) of PIPEDA, which provision requires lawful authority for any disclosure. However, the existence of lawful authority itself depends on the existence of a reasonable expectation of privacy in subscriber information.
Six men were charged under s. 394(1)(b) of the Criminal Code for selling or purchasing "any rock, mineral or other substance that contains precious metals unless he establishes that he is the owner or agent of the owner or is acting under lawful authority". The six men challenged the reverse onus clause which required that the accused establish that he or she was acting under lawful authority as a violation of the presumption of innocence.
Instead, Whitehall insisted that Gibbs was the Queen's only legitimate representative, and hence the only lawful authority in what it still maintained was the Colony of Southern Rhodesia – a position backed by most of the international community.
Failure to comply with such a direction without a reasonable excuse or lawful authority is an offence. Anyone found guilty of this offence is liable to a class D fine, a maximum of six months imprisonment or both.
Syed Zainul Abedin is the direct family descendant as 22nd generation/ great grandson of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti, is the lawful authority according to the Apex court of India and the provisions of the Dargah Khawaja Saheb Act, 1955.
The Prevention of Crime Act 1953 prohibits the possession in any public place of an offensive weapon without lawful authority or reasonable excuse.Bryan v. Mott, 62 Cr App R 71 (1976): 'Lawful authority’ means those occasions where people from time to time are required to carry weapons as a matter of governmental duty, such as police officers or members of the armed forces, not private persons. The term "offensive weapon" is defined as: "any article made or adapted for use to causing injury to the person, or intended by the person having it with him for such use".
The Australian government requested permission to keep the copy, and the British Parliament agreed by passing the Australian Constitution (Public Record Copy) Act 1990. The copy was given to the National Archives of Australia. A curiosity of the document's history is that the act remains in force at the UK's parliament in its original form, while in Australia the constitution exists as amended by referendum. Australian High Court judges have discussed in obiter that the constitution's source of lawful authority may no longer reside in the imperial parliament, but may instead now derive its lawful authority from the Australian people.
July 30, 2010. He was convicted and sentenced to 78 years in a U.S. federal prison for seditious conspiracy - conspiring to use force against the lawful authority of the United States. He served 30 years, being released on July 26, 2010.Primera Hora.
Sections 7(1) to (3) provide that a disclosure is made with lawful authority if, and only if, the conditions specified therein are satisfied. Section 7(4) provides a defence. Sections 7(5) and (6) define the expressions "official authorisation" and "official restriction".
This is a statutory version of the so- called claim of right defence which represents an exception to the general rule that ignorantia juris non excusat, i.e. a limited mistake of law defence. Thus, section 12(6) allows a defence where the defendant believes that he has the lawful authority to do it or that he would have the owner's consent if the owner knew of his doing it and the circumstances of it. So, for example, if a vehicle was moved a short distance because it was causing an obstruction, those moving it might reasonably believe that they have lawful authority to remove the obstruction.
An estimated 300,000 people, or 6% of the population, died during the war. Over the first three days of the trial, whenever Charles was asked to plead, he refused,; ; . stating his objection with the words: "I would know by what power I am called hither, by what lawful authority...?"; .
However, forgeries (including Bernhard notes) will be retained and destroyed by the Bank. If a suspect note is found to be genuine a full refund by cheque will be made. However, it is a criminal offence to knowingly hold or pass a counterfeit bank note without lawful authority or excuse.
Thus PIPEDA was not determinative of the issue at hand. The Court held further that the police's search was not authorized by law, interpreting lawful authority as more than a "bare request by law enforcement".SCC, par. 71 The Court thus found the search unreasonable on the basis of the Collins test.
The FISC order exceeded the scope of the FISC's jurisdiction under the FISA ::a. Mandamus aids the Court's appellate jurisdiction when it prevents a lower court from exceeding its lawful authority ::b. The FISC lacks the legal authority to order programmatic domestic surveillance under 50 U.S.C. § 1861 :3. The FISC order creates exceptional circumstances warranting mandamus ::a.
The Belfast Telegraph declared that Paisley's organisations "represent a defiance of lawful authority no less serious in essence than that of the IRA".Boulton, David. The UVF, 1966–73: An anatomy of loyalist rebellion. Gill and Macmillan, 1973. p.43 On 22 July 1966, Paisleyites clashed with the RUC outside Crumlin Road Prison, where Paisley was being held.
Section 40 of the same Act makes it an offence for any person, without lawful authority, to make an attempt to identify the whereabouts or any new identity of a witness who has been relocated under the programme. The offence is punishable on indictment by a fine and/or a term of imprisonment of up to five years.
But this term is not inapplicable to Sibbald, a Scottish churchman, strongly attached to primitive doctrine, but accepting the ecclesiastical arrangements made by lawful authority. Ten years after leaving Aberdeen he died in Dublin of the plague, in 1647. He married Elizabeth Nicolson, and had issue. The Scottish parliament on 21 June 1661 granted £200 to his widow and children.
The New Brunswick Presbytery then pressed charges against Machen for violation of ordination vows, rebellious defiance, and disobeying the lawful authority of the Church. They refused to hear substantive justifications of Machen's position and focused only on the question of obedience. He was found guilty and suspended. He went on to form the Orthodox Presbyterian Church and co-founded the Westminster Theological Seminary.
"Knowingly receiving, hiding or concealing the same" without lawful authority was also treason. This section differed from section 1 in that "sufficient Excuse" was not a defence. Section 3 made it treason to mark the edges of any coin, whether the coin was current or not, or even a counterfeit coin (except if done by a person working in the Royal Mint).
The Act came into effect on 15 May 1697. Section 1 made it treason to "knowingly make or mend, or begin or proceed to make or mend, or assist in the making or mending of" any stamp, mould or the like which could be used to make gold or silver coins current in the realm, or any tool which could be used to emboss letters or marks on the side of a coin. It was also treason to knowingly buy, hide or conceal, or have possession of such items "without lawful Authority or sufficient Excuse for that Purpose." Aiding or abetting such conduct was also treason. Section 2 made it treason to "wittingly or knowingly convey or assist in the conveying" any of the items described in section 1 out of the Royal Mint without lawful authority.
The Constables of Wandsworth Parks Police were trained to Home Office standard to carry Monadnock batons. Wandsworth Council received their own legal opinion in November 2001 stating that carrying such equipment was legal. However, a report for Newham Council and a legal opinion for Barking and Dagenham Council contradicts this. This opinion stated that there was no "lawful authority" for parks constables to carry batons.
In siding with lawful authority, Luther preached peaceful progress and passive resistance in such documents as To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation in 1520.Luther, Martin. To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation. He believed that there were no circumstances under which violence should be used on behalf of the Gospel with the exception of efforts against the work of Satan.
The Supreme Court observed that detention can arise from a reasonable perception of the detainee, stating “most citizens are not aware of the precise limits of police authority“. It is reasonable that a person could “assume lawful authority and comply with the demand“ believing it to be a detention. Since Therens was detained, the police were required under s. 10(b) to permit him to consult counsel.
The Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. adopted more sweeping revisions of its Confession in 1903. Chapter 16.7, on the works of unregenerate men, was rewritten. The last sentence of chapter 22.3, which forbade the refusing of a proper oath when imposed by lawful authority, was removed. Chapter 25.6, on the head of the church, was rewritten, and the identification of the Roman Catholic pope as the Antichrist was removed.
Lawful interception is obtaining communications network data pursuant to lawful authority for the purpose of analysis or evidence. Such data generally consist of signalling or network management information or, in fewer instances, the content of the communications. If the data are not obtained in real-time, the activity is referred to as access to retained data (RD). There are many bases for this activity that include infrastructure protection and cybersecurity.
Wooler was an active supporter of Major John Cartwright and his Hampden Club movement. In 1819, he joined the campaign to elect Sir Charles Wolseley to represent Birmingham in the House of Commons. Birmingham had not been given permission to have an election, and the campaigners were arrested and charged with "forming a seditious conspiracy to elect a representative to Parliament without lawful authority." Wooler was found guilty and sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment.
This ritual is derived from the attempt by King Charles I to arrest Five Members in 1642, in what was seen as a breach of the constitution. This and prior actions of the King led to the Civil War. After that incident, the House of Commons has maintained its right to question the right of the monarch's representative to enter their chamber, although they cannot bar them from entering with lawful authority.
Section 6 creates an offence of making a "damaging disclosure" which "relates to security or intelligence, defence or international relations" where that information was provided in confidence "by or on behalf of the United Kingdom to another State or to an international organisation" where that person obtained it without that State or organization's authorization, and where no other offence under the earlier sections of this Act applies. Lawful authority and prior authorized disclosure are defences against this offence.
You are cautioned that any changes or modifications to devices not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance may void your authority to operate devices. prohibits intentional damped wave transmissions such as spark-gap transmitters which were common before the 1920s but occupy a needlessly wide range of frequencies. prohibits operating a device under Part 15 for the purpose of eavesdropping, except when under lawful authority of law enforcement or when all parties in a conversation consent.
It did, however, exceed the Confiscation Act of 1861 which only allowed the United States to claim ownership of the slave if the slave was proven to "work or to be employed in or upon any fort, navy-yard, dock, armory, ship, entrenchment, or in any military or naval service whatsoever, against the Government and lawful authority of the United States." Lincoln, fearing the emancipation would enrage neutral Missourians and slave states in Union control, granted Governor Gamble's request to rescind the emancipation and ease martial law.
It is an offence to not comply with a Garda's request to stop behaving in a way that the Garda believes endangers the safety of others, their property or the public peace. Gardaí can ask people to "move on" to avert potential trouble. It is an offence not to comply with these directions without a reasonable excuse or lawful authority to do so. Anyone convicted is liable on summary conviction to a class D fine, a maximum prison term of six months or both.
Bartley later said that he regretted the incident had become one between "communists and lawful authority". In March 1946 Bartley was instrumental in moving to demolish the Sydney Mint and the Hyde Park Barracks, stating that they should "make way for modern structures". Bartley's service to the City of Sydney is commemorated by the naming of Reg Bartley Oval at Rushcutters Bay and Bartley Street, Chippendale. The City of Sydney Florence Bartley Library was named in honour of Bartley's wife and Lady Mayoress Florence.
Powell instead argued that they were in Northern Ireland "because an avowed enemy is using force of arms to break down lawful authority... and thereby seize control. The army cannot be 'impartial' towards an enemy".Collings, p. 488. Powell, despite earlier supporting the Northern Irish Parliament and even redrawing the Irish border to reduce the number of Northern Ireland's Irish nationalists, advocated that Northern Ireland should be politically integrated with the rest of the United Kingdom, treated no differently from its other constituent parts.
The New Law Journal, Volume 127, Butterworth, 1978, page 529 The Queen rejected Smith's letter, which she characterised in her response as "purported advice".The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Volume 20, page 659, 1971 The UK, with the near- unanimous support of the international community, maintained that Gibbs was now Elizabeth II's only legitimate representative in what it still reckoned as the colony of Southern Rhodesia, and hence the sole lawful authority there. The UN General Assembly and Security Council quickly joined the UK in condemning UDI as illegal and racist.
About 60 people, in Quarry Bay Station gathered outside to chant slogans. Others marched to the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) headquarters. The marchers were dissatisfied with Legislative Councillor Lam Cheuk-ting, who earlier disclosed to the media that the superintendent responsible for a fight was being investigated by the ICAC. According to Article 30 (1) of the Prevention of Bribery Ordinance, it is an offence to disclose the identity of the person being investigated to the public, or any specific person, without lawful authority and reasonable excuse.
Early state and local governments struggled with the massive influx of immigrants from around the world who came during the California Gold Rush. Efforts to establish basic government services and law and order were often overwhelmed. In 1851 and 1856, the rise of "Committees of Vigilance" (vigilantes) challenged local government as these vigilantes responded to a perceived lack of lawful authority and staged a number of public hangings and expulsions in San Francisco and elsewhere. While the stated intent was the punishment of criminals, the victims were often immigrants, including Irish and Chinese.
Persons who contravene this prohibition are liable on conviction to a fine at level four (HK$25,000) and imprisonment of one year. Section 4 allows for two defences: first, in the case that a mask was worn with lawful authority, and, second, if worn with a reasonable excuse. Reasonable excuses envisaged include but are not limited to wearing masks for professional reasons, religious reasons, or pre-existing health reasons. Section 5 provides that a police officer may require a person to remove a face covering in order to identify them.
Seal of the U.S. Department of the Navy from 1879 to 1957. Navy Department, mainly the Office of the Secretary, organizational structure (2006) The Department of the Navy is headed by the Secretary of the Navy, also known as the SECNAV in naval jargon, who has the authority to conduct all of the affairs of the Department, subject to lawful authority, the Secretary of Defense, and the President. The Secretary of the Navy is appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.10 USC §5013 , Accessed on 23 March 2011.
The publication discussed the common law concept of coverture in lay terms, explaining a husband's lawful authority to sell any of his wife's possessions, remove children from her care or restrain her movement to the home. She concluded for her audiences that only legislation would provide legal protections to women. In addition to the law and suffrage, Ahrens was active in social services. In 1890, she became the founding president of the Chicago Immediate Aid Society, which opened a relief station offering meals and lodging to homeless men as well as helping them find work.
Although the Constitution initially derived its lawful authority from the UK Parliament, the present understanding of the High Court and some academics is that it derives its authority from the Australian people. The Australian Constitution is understood to incorporate various unwritten constitutional conventions and ideas derived from the Westminister system, one of which is responsible government. It is notable for not containing a national bill of rights. Australia is among a tiny minority of democratic nations to not have a formal bill of rights in any form; constitutional or statutory.
Identity theft was declared unlawful by the federal Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act of 1998 (ITADA). Criminals knowingly transferring or using, without lawful authority, “a means of identification of another person with the intent to commit, or to aid abet, any unlawful activity that constitutes a violation of federal law, or that constitutes a felony under any applicable State or local law.”Luong, K. (2006) The other side of identity theft: Not just a financial concern. Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Conference on Information Security Curriculum Development.
Destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem by alt= In the spring 69 CE, the advancing Roman army forced Simon ben Giora to retreat to Jerusalem. Within Jerusalem, John of Giscala had set himself up as a despotic ruler after overthrowing lawful authority of the Judean provisional government in the Zealot Temple Siege. In order to get rid of him, the remaining Jerusalem authorities decided to invite Simon to enter the city and to drive John away. Acclaimed by the people as their savior and guardian, Simon was admitted.
On 25 October, the invasion of Grenada (codenamed Operation Urgent Fury) was launched by a joint U.S.-Caribbean force to depose Austin. When the invasion occurred, one of the first steps was to free Scoon, a task assigned to the United States Navy SEALs. A three-day siege was launched against the Governor-General's residence and Scoon and his family were eventually liberated. The U.S. and Caribbean governments quickly reaffirmed Scoon as the Queen's only legitimate representative in Grenada—and hence the only lawful authority on the island.
The Public Notaries Act of 1801 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom that targeted persons acting as public notaries without lawful authority from a court. From 1 August 1801, no person was permitted to be such a notary "unless such person shall have been duly sworn, admitted, and inrolled [sic]". It did not, however, cover such public notaries who worked within religious organisations. It required notaries to serve as an apprentice for seven years prior to appointment, and provided detailed penalties for dishonesty with regard to appointments and qualifications for the position.
In the past these charges had been imposed without any lawful authority and contradicted the express provision of Section 53(1) of the Act. Counsel assigned by the court stated that the Oireachtas lacked the power to validate past acts that, at the time, were unlawful[2005] IESC 7 at page 23 to page 25. While the Attorney General, sought to justify the provisions by referencing the cost to the state of paying the claims of patients who had paid charges levied without authority[2005] IESC at page 38.
At the Superior Court of Ontario, the trial judge found the detention was based on a hunch or suspicion, and not on reasonable grounds. It was therefore an arbitrary detention and violated section 9 of the Charter. The judge also found that the search had nothing to do with why Harrison was arrested, and was therefore without lawful authority and violated section 8 of the Charter. In determining whether the evidence should be excluded under section 24(2) of the Charter, the judge applied the test found in R. v. Collins.
The court decided that the Commonwealth government did not have lawful authority to force resettlement of the plaintiffs to Malaysia. The Migration Act's s198A deportation power required a declaration be first made by the Minister about the recipient country's refugee protections; and it was found this declaration had been made invalidly. A majority found that Malaysia was unable to be declared a safe country for asylum seekers pursuant to s198A, due to Malaysia not being bound to protect refugees either at domestic or international law. As Bowen's declaration was legally invalid, it followed he lacked power to order their deportation.
Subsequently, Mr Kable sought an award of damages for abuse of process, false imprisonment and malicious prosecution. His application was dismissed by the Supreme Court of NSW,. but he was successful in an appeal to the NSW Court of Appeal on his claim of false imprisonment with damages to be assessed.. The State of NSW then appealed to the High Court. The High Court unanimously upheld the appeal and dismissed Mr Kable's claims, holding that a detention order made by a judge of the Supreme Court of NSW was valid until it was set aside and provided lawful authority for Mr Kable's detention.
Color of law refers to an appearance of legal power to act that may operate in violation of law. For example, if a police officer acts with the "color of law" authority to arrest someone, the arrest, if it is made without probable cause, may actually be in violation of law. In other words, just because something is done with the "color of law" does not mean that the action was lawful. When police are suspected of acting outside their lawful authority and violating the civil rights of a citizen, the FBI is tasked with investigating.
The US Supreme Court has interpreted the US Constitution to construct laws regulating the actions of the law enforcement community. Under "color of law", it is a crime for one or more persons using power given by a governmental agency (local, state or federal), to deprive or conspire wilfully to deprive another person of any right protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States. Criminal acts under color of law include acts within and beyond the bounds or limits of lawful authority. Off-duty conduct may also be covered if official status is asserted in some manner.
A state court ruled the governor had lawful authority to close marijuana stores.Judge rules Baker had legal right to close recreational marijuana stores The complaint in Desrosiers v. Baker seeks to invalidate all the governor's entire March 10 order and amendments, including all business closures, orders to wear face coverings, and restrictions on the size of public gatherings, on the grounds that the state's Civil Defense Act does not provide authority for these actions. The suit is funded in part by the New Civil Liberties Alliance, a Washington, D.C., non- profit itself funded in part by the Charles Koch Foundation.
The Orange Order, the liberal Presbyterian Church and official unionism disassociated themselves from Paisley and said his organizations "represent a defiance of lawful authority no less serious in essence than that of the IRA."The Belfast Telegraph A murder outside a bar known as the Malvern Arms was investigated and the UCDC, led by Ian Paisley was implicated but he denied any knowledge. Gusty Spence, Hugh McClean and Robert Williamson from the UVF, shot four barmen they presumed were IRA men. Off duty RUC men were in the back room of the bar and arrests were made.
Section 9 of the Firearms and Offensive Weapons Act 1990 makes it an offence to carry a "flick knife" in any public space without lawful authority or reasonable excuse. A summary conviction is punishable with either a €1000 fine, up to 12 months imprisonment or both but if indictable the penalty can be up to five years in prison. The Act, which classifies a flick knife as an offensive weapon, also prohibits the manufacture, importation, sale, hire or loan of these knives. Conviction for any of these offences carries a sentence of up to seven years imprisonment.
Even when such a knife is legally owned, carrying it in public without good reason or lawful authority is also illegal under current UK laws. In the US, switchblades remain illegal to import from abroad or to purchase through interstate commerce since 1958 under the Switchblade Knife Act (15 U.S.C. §§1241-1245). However, a 2009 amendment (Amendment 1447) to 15 U.S.C. §1244 provides that the Act shall not apply to spring-assist or assisted-opening knives (i.e. knives with closure-biased springs that require physical force applied to the blade to assist in opening the knife).
James Burgh (1714–1775) was a British Whig politician whose book Political Disquisitions set out an early case for free speech and universal suffrage: in it, he writes, "All lawful authority, legislative, and executive, originates from the people." He has been judged "one of England's foremost propagandists for radical reform". Burgh also ran a dissenting academy and wrote on subjects such as educational reform. In the words of Lyndall Gordon, his widow acted as "fairy godmother" to early feminist Mary Wollstonecraft, then a young and unpublished schoolmistress, helping her to set up her own boarding school.
The CNO also performs all other functions prescribed under , such as presiding over the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNAV), exercising supervision of Navy organizations, and other duties assigned by the secretary or higher lawful authority, or the CNO delegates those duties and responsibilities to other officers in OPNAV or in organizations below. Acting for the secretary of the Navy, the CNO also designates naval personnel and naval forces available to the commanders of unified combatant commands, subject to the approval of the secretary of defense.10 USC 5013(f). Secretary of the Navy10 USC 165.
As noted at Medical license other countries, including New Zealand, South Africa, Australia and Singapore, have a central regulator similar to the GMC. In the United States, each state has its own regulatory board for doctors. In Germany, each state has an Ärztekammer with lawful authority to regulate the medical profession; there is no federal level authority for the Federal Republic of Germany, although regulations of University Training and qualification (medical state examinations) are set by federal law in the Bundestag (the federal parliament in Germany) . Nevertheless, the Bundesärztekammer, a voluntary association of private law, was founded to support the professions' interests.
During their court proceedings, a small number of other victims of Mulcaire's phone hacking were mentioned, including Sky Andrew, Max Clifford, Simon Hughes, Elle Macpherson, and Gordon Taylor. On 29 November 2006, Goodman and Mulcaire pleaded guilty to conspiracy to intercept communications without lawful authority with respect to three of the royal aides. The work of the Metropolitan police had resulted in guilty pleas within 12 month of when the crimes against royal aides were committed. However, it was clear from court testimony that Mulcaire had hacked at least five other phones and that he did work for more than just Goodman.
ISLAMABAD: The Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) has advised people not to invest in fraudulent investment and ponzi schemes, promising hefty profits and unrealistic incentives to trap them, a statement said on Tuesday (November 20, 2019). The SECP received numerous complaints that these companies are offering investment plans such as leasing/financing of cars, motorcycles, houses, etc, and involved in illegal banking business without lawful authority. These activities are prohibited and contrary to the object clause of their memorandum of association, it said. These entities trap people by offering high rates of return with little risk to investors.
In July following conversations between his solicitor and British police he returned to the UK. Miskiw was arrested on 10 August 2011 as part of Operation Weeting on suspicion of unlawful interception of communications. He was released on police bail the following day. On 24 July 2012, he was charged with conspiracy to intercept communications without lawful authority during the period from 3 October 2000 to 9 August 2006 from the phones of Milly Dowler, Sven-Göran Eriksson, Abigail Titmuss, John Leslie Andrew Gilchrist, David Blunkett MP, Delia Smith, Charles Clarke MP, Jude Law, Sadie Frost, Sienna Miller, and Wayne Rooney .
On 4 January 1649, the House of Commons passed an ordinance to set up a High Court of Justice, to try Charles I for high treason in the name of the people of England. The House of Lords rejected it, and as it did not receive Royal Assent, Charles asked at the start of his trial on 20 January in Westminster Hall, "I would know by what power I am called hither. I would know by what authority, I mean lawful authority", knowing that there was no legal answer under the constitutional arrangements of the time. He was convicted with fifty-nine commissioners (judges) signing the death warrant.
Furthermore, it is possible that an edict can be issued without any basis in law as defined in Question 90; in this case, men are under no compulsion to act, save as it helps the common good. This separation between law and acts of force also allows men to depose tyrants, or those who flout the natural law; while removing an agent of the law is contrary to the common good and the eternal law of God, which orders the powers that be, removing a tyrant is lawful as he has ceded his claim to being a lawful authority by acting contrary to law.
All people may, and must if called upon to do so, assist in dispersing an unlawful assembly. An assembly which was lawful could not be rendered unlawful by (court) proclamation unless it were one authorized by statute. Cementing the English Bill of Rights 1689 banning private armies, meetings for training or drilling, or military movements, were from 1820 unlawful assemblies unless held under lawful authority from the Crown, the Lord-lieutenant, or two justices of the peace. An unlawful assembly which had made a motion towards its common purpose was termed a rout, if it carried out all or part of its end purpose, e.g.
Despite its relatively swift downfall, the revolt convinced the mayor and his cabinet to abandon the forced-vaccination program for the time being. This concession was ultimately demonstrated to have been quite superficial, however, as the policy was re-instated several years later. Whatever popular frustrations or progressive ideals that the anti-vaccination movement and its allies might have expressed were thoroughly swept aside with the re-imposition of lawful authority, as the processes of unequal economic development and gentrification continued to accelerate following the uprising. Trade unions were severely marginalized, increasingly dismissed by political elites and middle-class professionals as an unsophisticated reaction against modernization.
American students waiting to be evacuated from Grenada The American and Caribbean governments quickly reaffirmed Scoon as Queen Elizabeth's sole legitimate representative in Grenada, and hence the only lawful authority on the island. In accordance with Commonwealth constitutional practice, Scoon assumed power as interim head of government and formed an advisory council which named Nicholas Brathwaite as chairman pending new elections. The Grenada National Party won the elections in December 1984 and formed a government led by Prime Minister Herbert Blaize. VA-87 A-7E from USS Independence over Port Salines airfield American forces remained in Grenada after combat operations finished in December as part of Operation Island Breeze.
Although The Noble Company has always enjoyed the earthly Patronage and Protection of the Spanish Crown—and still does today—The Noble Company receives its divine protection and guidance from the Apostles, Saint Philip and Saint James the Less, whose feast day is in May. That and other ceremonies in June and November are celebrated in the church of Saint Francis. The Noble Company was ruled by a major, a steward and a secretary; the two first were yearly elected during the day of Saint John of Avila on May 10. The major was the lawful authority in charge of everything in relation to fees, punishments and penalties.
It is not to be equated with deference in a manner compatible with the subordinate position in which the employee by definition stands vis-à-vis the employer. Mere failure on occasion to greet the employer or superiors will not place employees in breach of their obligation to show respect. Disrespect must be gross if it is to justify termination of the employment relationship, or so frequent as to suggest that the employee has repudiated the employer's lawful authority, or that it has rendered the continuation of the employment relationship "intolerable." Each case must be considered on its own merits to establish whether these inferences may be drawn.
James Murdoch, Chief Executive Officer for News Corp, Europe and Asia maintained through 2009 that phone hacking within News International was limited to a single "rogue reporter" and his private investigator. This claim was challenged by Murdoch's senior executives. Several internal investigations over five years by News International did not uncover widespread phone hacking. After the scandal broke in 2011, Rupert Murdoch's, Board of Directors for News Corporation undertook another investigation. # News International/Burton Copeland Investigation; (8 August 2005) On the day the Met seized documents from Goodman and Mulcaire and arrested both of them for conspiracy to intercept communications without lawful authority, News of the World editors said they were stunned and vowed to conduct an internal investigation.
The flag flying at half-mast from the Matariki Building at University of Canterbury on the day of the death of Sir Edmund Hillary The Flags, Emblems, and Names Protection Act 1981 governs the usage of the national flag and all other official flags. This Act, like most other laws, can be amended or repealed by a simple majority in Parliament. Section 5(2) of the Act declares the flag to be "the symbol of the Realm, Government, and people of New Zealand". Section 11(1) outlines two offences: altering the flag without lawful authority, and using, displaying, damaging or destroying the flag in or within view of a public place with the intention of dishonouring it.
In response, the Crown argued that Shaw's voluntary disclosure of Spencer's subscriber information was authorized by section 7(3)(c.1)(ii) of PIPEDA, which allows an organization to disclose personal information to a government institution that has "identified its lawful authority to obtain the information and indicated that the disclosure is requested for the purpose of... carrying out an investigation relating to the enforcement of any... law or gathering intelligence for the purpose of enforcing any... law". The trial judge dismissed Spencer's Charter application, finding that the police's request for Spencer's subscriber information was not a search for the purposes of section 8.R v Spencer, 2009 SKQB 341, paras 17, 18, 19.
Mr. Grant was never informed of his right to speak to a lawyer prior to being arrested. The trial judge found that Mr. Grant was not detained before his arrest, and that section 9 and section 10 of the Charter were not infringed. The gun was admitted into evidence, and Mr. Grant was convicted of a number of firearm offences, including transferring a firearm without lawful authority (section 100(1) of the Criminal Code). On appeal, the Court of Appeal for Ontario found that a detention occurred when Mr. Grant began making incriminating statements, and since there were no reasonable grounds to detain Mr. Grant, section 9 of the Charter was infringed.
It is likely that Luther's views simply coincided with the desires of the peasants, and were used for that reason. Other religious personalities such as Huldrych Zwingli and Thomas Müntzer also influenced the peasants. Zwingli taught from 1523 onwards that in order for the gospel to be successful, secular laws needed to be transformed according to the law of God, something which corresponded neatly with what the peasants wanted. Müntzer, who would lead a peasants' army until its defeat at Frankenhausen (15 May 1525) by Imperial troops, was able to encourage them by citing scriptural passages that seemed to support rebellion against lawful authority: Luke 22:35–38 and Matthew 10:34.
Section 3 (2) (K) provided that "any person who, without lawful authority deals in, sells, smokes or inhales the drug known as cocaine or other similar drugs, shall be guilty under section 6 (3) (K) of an offence and liable on conviction to suffer death sentence by firing squad." In the case of Bernard Ogedengebe, the Decree was applied retroactively. He was executed even if at the time of his arrest the crime did not mandate the capital punishment, but had carried a sentence of six months imprisonment. In another prominent case of April 1985, six Nigerians were condemned to death under the same decree: Sidikatu Tairi, Sola Oguntayo, Oladele Omosebi, Lasunkanmi Awolola, Jimi Adebayo and Gladys Iyamah.
On Hooper's point about the priesthood of all believers, Ridley said it does not follow from this doctrine that all Christians must wear the same clothes. For Ridley, on matters of indifference, one must defer conscience to the authorities of the church, or else "thou showest thyself a disordered person, disobedient, as [a] contemner of lawful authority, and a wounder of thy weak brother his conscience." For him, the debate was finally about legitimate authority, not the merits and demerits of vestments themselves. He contended that it is only accidental that the compulsory ceases to be indifferent; the degeneration of a practice into non-indifference can be corrected without throwing out the practice.
The right to keep and bear arms is not legally or constitutionally protected in the United Kingdom. While citizens may possess certain firearms on an appropriate licence, All handguns, automatic, and centerfire semi-automatic weapons are illegal to possess without special provisons. The English Bill of Rights 1689 allowed: The first serious control on firearms was established with the passing of the Firearms Act 1920. Since 1953, it has been a criminal offence in the United Kingdom to carry a knife (with the exception of non-locking folding knives with a cutting edge of 3 inches (7.62 centimetres) or less) or any "offensive weapon" in a public place without lawful authority or reasonable excuse.
Subsidiary legislation, also known as "delegated legislation" or "subordinate legislation", is written law made by ministers or other administrative agencies such as government departments and statutory boards under the authority of a statute (often called its "parent Act") or other lawful authority, and not directly by Parliament. As Singapore is a common law jurisdiction, judgments handed down by the courts are considered a source of law. Judgments may interpret statutes or subsidiary legislation, or develop principles of common law and equity laid down, not by the legislature, but by previous generations of judges. Major portions of Singapore law, particularly contract law, equity and trust law, property law and tort law, are largely judge-made, though certain aspects have now been modified to some extent by statutes.
The act was then rushed through Parliament, with little debate or opposition, passing through all of its stages in a single day, 18 August 1911, and receiving the Royal assent four days later on 22 August. The act, with its extremely wide-ranging powers, replaced the earlier Official Secrets Act 1889 that had provided criminal sanctions only for breaches which could be shown to be contrary to the public interest. Section 1 of the act contained tough provisions against espionage, which were extended by a 1962 Law Lords ruling to cover other activities such as sabotage and physical interference. Section 2 dealt with unauthorised disclosure of information held by servants of the State, making it a criminal offence to disclose any official information without lawful authority.
Most of the evidence obtained during these investigations remained unevaluated at Scotland Yard for ten years. Boyall's assistant was Glenn Mulcaire until the autumn of 2001, when News of the World's assistant editor, Greg Miskiw, attracted Mulcaire away by giving him a full-time contract to do work for the newspaper. In August 2006, private investigator Glenn Mulcaire and News of the World Royal editor Clive Goodman were arrested. During their court proceedings, a small number of other victims of Mulcaire's phone hacking were mentioned, including Sky Andrew, Max Clifford, Simon Hughes, Elle Macpherson, and Gordon Taylor. On 29 November 2006, Goodman and Mulcaire pleaded guilty to conspiracy to intercept communications without lawful authority with respect to three of the royal aides.
Socrates says that his wisdom is in being aware that he is ignorant on this, and other topics. ;Precedence of authority Regarding a citizen's obedience to authority, Socrates says that a lawful authority, either human or divine, should always be obeyed. In a conflict of obedience to such authorities, he thinks that obeying divine authority supersedes obeying human authority: "Gentlemen, I am your grateful and devoted servant, but I owe a greater obedience to the [Delphic] god than to you; and, as long as I draw breath and have my faculties, I shall never stop practising philosophy"(29d). As a spokesman for the Oracle at Delphi, he is to spur the Athenians to greater awareness of ethics and moral conduct and always shall question and argue.
Among the three, two immediately removed the Republic of Taiwan stickers upon the further inquiries by the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority (ICA) officers, but were eventually deported by Singapore to Taiwan. Another person had refused to remove such stickers and instead requested diplomatic representatives of Taiwan for consular protection, but was also deported in the end by ICA. The two Special Administrative Regions of China, Hong Kong and Macau, soon followed suit and refused to accept holders of such passports for entry. A spokesperson of Hong Kong Immigration Department said that any person who "altered the travel document without lawful authority, or, who possess or use altered travel document", is a violation of Immigration Ordinance and can be sentenced for up to 14 years in prison.
A local authority in England may detain a horse which is in any public place in its area if the local authority has reasonable grounds for believing that the horse is there without lawful authority, and if the land is lawfully occupied by a person that person consents to the detention of the horse or the local authority has reasonable grounds for believing that that person would consent to the detention of the horse. A local authority is defined as a county council, district council, London borough council, the Common Council of the City of London, or the Council of the Isles of Scilly. A public place is defined as any common land or town or village green or any highway (and the verges of any highway). A landowner may also exercise these powers.
In Scotland, local authorities are permitted by statute to clamp, tow, or otherwise remove vehicles. Outside that statutory authority, clamping on private land was found to be unlawful in the case Black v Carmichael (1992) SCCR 709, which held that immobilising a vehicle constitutes extortion and theft. Writing in dismissal of parking contractor Alan Black's appeal to the High Court of Justiciary, the Lord Justice General (Lord Hope) cited case law which said "every man has a right to dispute the demand of his creditor in a court of justice" and himself wrote "it is illegal for vehicles to be held to ransom in the manner described in these charges". In England and Wales, The Protection of Freedoms Act 2012 criminalised certain wheel-clamping activity on private land without lawful authority from 1 October 2012.
In Giuliani's first term as mayor the New York City Police Department, under Giuliani appointee Commissioner Bill Bratton, adopted an aggressive enforcement and deterrence strategy based on James Q. Wilson's Broken Windows research. This involved crackdowns on relatively minor offenses such as graffiti, turnstile jumping, and aggressive "squeegeemen," on the principle that this would send a message that order would be maintained and that the city would be "cleaned up." At a forum three months into his term as mayor, Giuliani mentioned that freedom does not mean that "people can do anything they want, be anything they can be. Freedom is about the willingness of every single human being to cede to lawful authority a great deal of discretion about what you do and how you do it".
Ignacio Flores-Figueroa, an illegal alien from Mexico, used a counterfeit Social Security card bearing his real name and a false Social Security number to obtain employment at a steel plant in East Moline, Illinois. Though he did not know it, the number belonged to a real person, a minor. The question in the case was whether workers who use false Social Security and alien registration numbers must know that they belong to a real person to be subject to a two-year sentence extension for "aggravated identity theft." Specifically, the case hinged on whether the adverb "knowingly" applies only to the verb or also to the object in 18 U.S.C. § 1028A(a)(1) (which defines aggravated identity theft): "Whoever [...] knowingly transfers, possesses, or uses, without lawful authority, a means of identification of another person [...]".
In 1931, the Bank of New South Wales (now Westpac) was granted arms with a black swan supporter alluding to the Bank's acquisition of the Western Australian Bank in 1927.Low, C., A Roll of Australian arms: corporate and personal, borne by lawful authority, Rigby, Sydney 1971: 11 In the same year, the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons was granted arms with a black swan in the first and fourth quarters, apparently derived from the Australian Arms.Low, A Roll of Australian arms: 6 In 1965, the Australian Academy of Science was granted arms with a black swan as a crest, alluding to the Academy's "Australianness" and its location in Canberra.Low, A Roll of Australian arms: 5 The black swan has not been used in the arms of any university or residential college in eastern Australia.
Issuance of a writ is an exercise of an extraordinary jurisdiction of the superior courts in Pakistan. A writ of habeas corpus may be issued by any High Court of a province in Pakistan. Article 199 of the 1973 Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, specifically provides for the issuance of a writ of habeas corpus, empowering the courts to exercise this prerogative. Subject to the Article 199 of the Constitution, "A High Court may, if it is satisfied that no other adequate remedy is provided by law, on the application of any person, make an order that a person in custody within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court be brought before it so that the Court may satisfy itself that he is not being held in custody without a lawful authority or in an unlawful manner".
Elizabeth peremptorily called upon the bishops (January, 1564-65) to restore uniformity, and Parker with Grindal and others drew up a "Book of Articles", which he forwarded to William Cecil (3 March, 1564-65). To his intense annoyance they were not approved; but after many delays and alterations they were again submitted to Cecil (28 March, 1566), and published under the title of "Aduertisements, partly for due order in the publique administration of common prayers and usinge the holy sacraments, and partly for the apparell of all persons ecclesiasticall." Elizabeth withheld her formal assent and support; and the bishops were told to exercise their own lawful authority, and so made to bear all the odium their action aroused. The "Advertisements" recognize that it is impossible to get the cope worn at the communion service, and are content to enforce the use of the surplice.
They also trained with and carried rigid handcuffs. Queens Council Advice to Newham Council in 2007 stated that Parks Constables have lawful authority to carry batons as they are exercising powers under section 24 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (P.A.C.E.) and are therefore protected to carry such equipment under section 117 of P.A.C.E and Section 3 CLA 1967; the protection to carry such equipment is also afforded to officers in the Border Force and any person carrying out arrest powers such as Water Bailiffs and ports and Harbours Police. The powers of Parks Constables are complex in that many of the provisions of arrest were updated by Section 26(1) of P.A.C.E 1984 and much of the negative denial of powers of Parks Constables was due to poor research and a poor understanding of the definition of the status of constables at law.
While Elizabeth I maintained a Protestant church, under her successor James, who unified the Scottish and English Crowns, religious and political tensions grew as he asserted a divine right of Kings.James, The True Law of Free Monarchies (1598) This prompted a series of cases from Sir Edward Coke,Coke had already reported on many significant constitutional judgments, often adding his own style, including Heydon's Case (1584) 76 ER 637, that the task of a court in construing any statute is to find its mischief and the intention of Parliament, and Semayne's Case (1604) 5 Coke Rep 91, that nobody can enter another's property without lawful authority and that "the house of every one is to him as his castle and fortress, as well for his defence against injury and violence as for his repose." See also Calvin's Case that a person born in Scotland is entitled to all rights in England.
" David Cameron said Britain's spy agencies that received data collected from PRISM acted within the law: "I'm satisfied that we have intelligence agencies that do a fantastically important job for this country to keep us safe, and they operate within the law." Malcolm Rifkind, the chairman of parliament's Intelligence and Security Committee, said that if the British intelligence agencies were seeking to know the content of emails about people living in the UK, then they actually have to get lawful authority. The UK's Information Commissioner's Office was more cautious, saying it would investigate PRISM alongside other European data agencies: "There are real issues about the extent to which U.S. law agencies can access personal data of UK and other European citizens. Aspects of U.S. law under which companies can be compelled to provide information to U.S. agencies potentially conflict with European data protection law, including the UK's own Data Protection Act.
Baton Charge Racing Boss Cleared: In 2004, a businessman and ex-military officer, Nicholas Samengo-Turner, was stopped at a mass search checkpoint in London and arrested for possessing a small Swiss Army multitool with two short locking blades ( and ) in the locked boot of his car. While eventually cleared, the arrest cost Samengo-Turner a multi-million pound business deal and thousands of pounds in court costs. Although English law insists that it is the responsibility of the prosecution to provide evidence proving a crime has been committed, an individual must provide evidence to prove that they had a "good reason or lawful authority" for carrying a knife (if this is the case) upon being detained. While this may appear to be a reversal of the usual burden of proof, technically the prosecution has already proven the case (prima facie) by establishing that a knife was being carried in a public place (see Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006 on Knives, etc.
Missionary spirit and zeal for the salvation of souls: This is > seen in our preaching parish missions to believers, in our parish work, in > our missions to non-believers, in our administration of the Sacraments, > especially the Sacraments of Confession and the Holy Eucharist, and the > preaching of the Word of God. Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary: Our > specific form of devotion is to the Immaculate Conception, because we were > placed under this title of Our Lady by Pope Gregory XVI when he approved our > Congregation in 1834, some twenty years before Pope Pius IX defined the > dogma in 1854. Obedience to all lawful authority - ecclesiastical and civil: > We are especially obedient to the Pope, to the Bishops in whose dioceses we > are serving, and to our Superior General. Sound Traditions: Devotion to the > Rosary: We recite five decades of the rosary every day and celebrate the > Memorial of Our Lady of the Rosary on October 7th with great solemnity.
A security guard (also known as a security inspector, security officer, or protective agent) is a person employed by a government or private party to protect the employing party's assets (property, people, equipment, money, etc.) from a variety of hazards (such as waste, damaged property, unsafe worker behavior, criminal activity such as theft, etc.) by enforcing preventative measures. Security guards do this by maintaining a high- visibility presence to deter illegal and inappropriate actions, looking (either directly, through patrols, or indirectly, by monitoring alarm systems or video surveillance cameras) for signs of crime or other hazards (such as a fire), taking action to minimize damage (such as warning and escorting trespassers off property), and reporting any incidents to their clients and emergency services (such as the police or paramedics), as appropriate. Security officers are generally uniformed to represent their lawful authority to protect private property. Security guards are generally governed by legal regulations, which set out the requirements for eligibility (e.g.
The Repeal of the "Implementation of the NICS Improvement Amendments Act of 2007" (, ) was legislation introduced in the United States House of Representatives on January 30, 2017 by Representative Sam Johnson of Texas. The bill repeals a rule issued by the Social Security Administration that would have required Federal agencies to identify individuals who receive disability insurance benefits under Title II of the Social Security Act or Supplemental Security Income and have been "determination by a court, board, commission, or other lawful authority that a person, as a result of marked subnormal intelligence, or mental illness, incompetency, condition, or disease: (1) Is a danger to himself or to others; or (2) Lacks the mental capacity to contract or manage his own affairs." in order to potentially prohibit such individuals from purchasing firearms or from having other purchase firearms on their behalf. The repeal was signed into law by President Donald Trump on February 28, 2017.
Morning after the Battle of Waterloo, by John Heaviside Clark, 1816 The morality of war has been the subject of debate for thousands of years. The two principal aspects of ethics in war, according to the just war theory, are jus ad bellum and Jus in bello. Jus ad bellum (right to war), dictates which unfriendly acts and circumstances justify a proper authority in declaring war on another nation. There are six main criteria for the declaration of a just war: first, any just war must be declared by a lawful authority; second, it must be a just and righteous cause, with sufficient gravity to merit large-scale violence; third, the just belligerent must have rightful intentions – namely, that they seek to advance good and curtail evil; fourth, a just belligerent must have a reasonable chance of success; fifth, the war must be a last resort; and sixth, the ends being sought must be proportional to means being used.
Habeas corpus (; Medieval Latin meaning "[we, a Court, command] that you have the body [of the detainee brought before us]") is a recourse in law through which a person can report an unlawful detention or imprisonment to a court and request that the court order the custodian of the person, usually a prison official, to bring the prisoner to court, to determine whether the detention is lawful. The writ of habeas corpus is known as the "great and efficacious writ in all manner of illegal confinement". It is a summons with the force of a court order; it is addressed to the custodian (a prison official, for example) and demands that a prisoner be brought before the court, and that the custodian present proof of authority, allowing the court to determine whether the custodian has lawful authority to detain the prisoner. If the custodian is acting beyond their authority, then the prisoner must be released.
Clara Cole and Rosa Hobhouse set out from Knebworth, Bedfordshire dressed in black ‘rather like the Sisters of Mercy’, as a protest against War. They described themselves as ‘sisters of the World’s Need’. Their aim was to try and ‘create an atmosphere of love and brotherhood between all nationalities, instead of this deplorable feeling of hatred which at present exists and is daily fermented by the press’. They had walked fifty miles, spoken at many impromptu road-side meetings and distributed 2,000 Peace leaflets Hobhouse & Cole distributed three leaflets, depending upon their audience; see ‘An Interplay of Life and Art’ p147 before being detained by police near Kettering, Northamptonshire on the fifth day of their Pilgrimage. They were charged with ‘having by word of mouth and circular made false statements likely to prejudice the recruiting, training and discipline of the Forces, and with having in their possession at the time of their arrest, without lawful authority, documents, the publication of which was in contravention of Regulation 27 of the Defence of the Realm Act’.
He was questioned under caution, and later that day released on police bail until October, but made no comment on his release. On 24 July 2012, Coulson was charged along with seven others for "conspiring to intercept communications without lawful authority from 3 October 2000 to 9 August 2006." These charges were made about 1 year after the Metropolitan Police Service reopened its dormant investigation into phone hacking, about 3 years after the then Assistant Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police Service told the Commons Culture, Media and Sport Committee that "no additional evidence has come to light," 5 years after Coulson and News International executives began claiming that phone hacking was the work of a single "rogue reporter," 10 years after The Guardian began reporting that the Met had evidence of widespread illegal acquisition of confidential information, and 13 years after the Met began accumulating "boxloads" of that evidence, including sources for News of the World journalists while Coulson was editor, but kept it unexamined in trash bags at Scotland Yard.
Section 811 prohibits anyone, knowingly, unlawfully, and with intent to cause death, serious bodily injury, or substantial damage to property or the environment, from: (1) possessing radioactive material or making or possessing a nuclear explosive device or a radioactive material dispersal or radiation-emitting device; (2) using radioactive material or a device, using, damaging, or interfering with the operation of a nuclear facility in a manner that causes or increases the risk of the release of radioactive material, or causing radioactive contamination or exposure to radiation; or (3) threatening, attempting, or conspiring to commit such an offense. Sets forth: (1) the circumstances in which the United States can exercise jurisdiction over such offenses, and (2) exceptions applicable to activities of the armed forces. Includes such offenses within the definition of "federal crime of terrorism." Section 812 amends provisions prohibiting transactions involving nuclear materials to: (1) prohibit, intentionally and without lawful authority, carrying, sending, or moving nuclear material into or out of a country; and (2) establish an exception for activities of the armed forces.
Kuttner was arrested by appointment on 2 August 2011 by officers involved in Operation Weeting on suspicion of corruption, contrary to Section 1 of the Prevention of Corruption Act 1906 and on suspicion of conspiring to intercept communications, contrary to Section 1 (1) of the Criminal Law Act 1977, the same charges as had been laid against former News of the World editor Rebekah Brooks just over two weeks earlier. He was initially released under police bail until the end of the month but was taken into custody again on 30 August and bailed until an unspecified date in September. On 24 July 2012, he was formally charged with conspiracy to intercept communications between 3 October 2000 to 9 August 2006 without lawful authority regarding communications of Milly Dowler and David Blunkett, MP. Since police renewed investigations in 2011, 90 people have been arrested and 16 formally charged with crimes, including Kuttner, in conjunction with illegal acquisition of confidential information. His trial started in October 2013, and in June 2014 he was found not guilty.
He conducted a lifelong campaign against the bearing of coats of arms without lawful authority in accordance with the Law of Arms, whether that authority was a right recognised at the Visitations conducted by heralds between the 16th to 18th centuries or, more commonly, a right deriving from a specific grant entered in the records of the College of Arms. In support of this campaign, he produced a directory which attempted to list all living bearers of arms in England and Wales who could prove such authority, under the title Armorial Families. This served as an incentive to families who had not got such authority to regularise their position at the College of Arms and the size of the work increased considerably until its final edition in 1929, which remains the most comprehensive published record (the records of the College of Arms being largely unpublished) of post-Victorian heraldry in Britain. Many of the arms were illustrated with specially commissioned heraldic drawings, and Fox-Davies drew on this large resource when illustrating his more systematic treatises on heraldry.
Courts of justice are established, not only to decide upon the controverted rights of the citizens as against each other, but also upon rights in controversy between them and the government; and the docket of this court is crowded with controversies of the latter class. Shall it be said, in the face of all this, and of the acknowledged right of the judiciary to decide in proper cases, statutes which have been passed by both branches of Congress and approved by the President to be unconstitutional, that the courts cannot give a remedy when the citizen has been deprived of his property by force, his estate seized and converted to the use of the government without lawful authority, without process of law, and without compensation, because the President has ordered it and his officers are in possession? If such be the law of this country, it sanctions a tyranny which has no existence in the monarchies of Europe, nor in any other government which has a just claim to well-regulated liberty and the protection of personal rights. The decision of the circuit court was affirmed.
206 He lobbied, unsuccessfully, to be appointed a judge of one of the courts of common law, which would have enabled him to move to Dublin, which has always been the centre of Irish political and social life (although the Irish capital did not impress him: "it resembles Bristol but falls short", he wrote). He lived for many years in Limerick, a city which, like other residents and travellers of the time, he praised for its wealth and beauty, and he remained there until the outbreak of the Irish Rebellion of 1641. Gernon and his family suffered greatly during the Rebellion, as we know from his petition in 1653 to Oliver Cromwell, in which he acknowledges Cromwell's lawful authority as ruler of England and Ireland, and asks again for a pension, which it seems had already been promised but not paid. Gernon states that he had lost an estate worth £3000 (a considerable sum at the time) and that he and his wife and four small children had been forced to "travel in depth of winter through the woods and bogs", and as a result one child starved to death and Mrs.
According to the record, "Marian Kincaid of Great Britain, widow, demanded against John G. Williamson the one-third of 300 acres of land, &c.;, in Chatham County as dower. That the tenant pleaded 1st, the Act of Georgia passed 1 March, 1778, attainting G. Kincaid (the demandant's late husband) forfeiting his estate, and vesting it in Georgia, without office; 2d, the Act of 4 May, 1782, banishing G. Kincaid and confiscating his estate; 3d, the appropriation and sale of the lands in question by virtue of the said attainder and confiscation before 3 September, 1783 (the date of the definitive treaty of peace) and before G. Kincaid's death; 4th, the alienage of the demandant (who was resident abroad on 4 July, 1776, and ever since) and therefore incapable of holding lands in Georgia. That the demandant replied that she and her husband were inhabitants of Georgia on the 19th of April 1775, then under the dominion of Great Britain; that her husband continued a subject of Great Britain and never owed allegiance to Georgia, nor was ever convicted by any lawful authority of any crimes against the state.".
However, the UK, with the near-unanimous support of the international community, maintained that Gibbs was the Queen's only legitimate representative in what it still considered to be the colony of Southern Rhodesia, and hence the only lawful authority in the area. Under the 1965 Constitution, if the Queen did not appoint a Governor-General within fourteen days of advice being tendered by the Prime Minister, a Regent was to be appointed.The Constitution of Rhodesia, 1965, Government Printer, 1965, page 7 In deference to the Royal Family, however, on 16 December, Smith amended his original plan and Dupont was appointed as Officer Administering the Government.Rhodesia and the United Nations: UN Imposition of Mandatory Sanctions 1966, Avrahm G. Mezerik, International Review Service, 1966, pages 39-40 He would continue to use the title until the declaration of a republic in 1970.Rhodesian Commentary, Volumes 3-5, 1970, page 72 In a referendum held on 24 June 1969, the predominantly white electorate approved a new constitution making Rhodesia a republic, with the President as ceremonial head of state.Final Break, TIME, 27 June 1969 A Bill to that effect was passed by the Legislative Assembly on 17 November, and was signed into law by Dupont on 27 November.
Another person had refused to remove such stickers and instead requested diplomatic representatives of Taiwan for consular protection, but was also deported in the end by ICA. The two Special Administrative Regions of China, Hong Kong and Macau, soon followed suit and refused to accept holders of such passports for entry.貼台灣國遭澳門遣返 他說「不會放棄愛台灣的心」台湾旅客持“台湾国贴纸护照”被港遣返 A spokesperson of Hong Kong Immigration Department said that any person who "altered the travel document without lawful authority, or, who possess or use altered travel document", is a violation of Immigration Ordinance and can be sentenced for up to 14 years in prison.Two Taiwan visitors refused permission to land The American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) had, through diplomatic channels, notified the Taiwanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) and confirmed that holders of such passports may be extensively questioned by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers and be removed from the United States,拒絕入境！護照不准貼「台灣國」 連AIT都說要撕掉 and on March 2016, two travelers from Taiwan voluntarily removed ROT stickers because of the extensive questioning by CBP officers.

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