1000 Sentences With "landholders" | Random Sentence Generator

Still, the aging of U.S. agricultural landholders does offer potential opportunities.

Further sections still require approval from landholders and the Queensland state government.

Only 10 to 20 percent of landholders in developing countries are women.

Just 29 percent of landholders in Colombia have formal titles, the government says.

For landholders such as Abbas the new irrigation system offers promising new opportunities.

The percentage of women agricultural landholders in the world, the United Nations says.

Australia boasts an advanced water-trading system whereby landholders can sell water on their property.

They own 400,000 acres of property and are 2 of the biggest landholders in the country.

This demanded that Dicks identify landholders, then reach out to them for permission to photograph the sites.

Some argue (without evidence) that an environmental lobby is preventing governments and landholders from undertaking protective measures.

Asili's landholders make £16 per year (around $22) from moringa seed sales, although this depends on the yield.

In Queensland, landholders have been accused of poisoning kangaroos and erecting fences to prevent them from reaching water.

Recent developments in forestry may help make the prospect more appealing by lowering the initial costs to landholders.

" He concluded with a statement of belief: "The small landholders are the most precious part of a state.

El Dorado Holdings is one of the largest private landholders in the southwestern US, with assets exceeding $1 billion.

Their rituals draw primarily from pre-Christian Europe but often are aimed at supporting the activism of indigenous landholders.

The landholders had other plans: According to reports, they hired armed militias to try to drive the tribe out.

His campaign says he&aposd dramatically increase taxes on unproductive lands to encourage landholders to sell them to the state.

After the fall of Communism, Mr. Angyan made the case that small landholders could keep villages alive through sustainable practices.

With the specialized smartphone, landholders can take an inventory themselves, photographing and measuring the diameters and heights of their trees.

Small landholders across the continent are increasingly getting priced out or even evicted to make way for big commercial farms.

But in recent years those wild colonies have become increasingly rare in this valley, where 90 percent of farmers are small landholders.

He told reporters that his administration would use eminent domain only when landholders refuse to sell land needed to construct the wall.

Telangana, for instance, has introduced direct cash payments to landholders, a project that could lead to the phasing out of less efficient subsidies.

In Indonesia, it's done by both small farmers and larger landholders, including those who clear forests and drain peatlands for palm oil plantations.

Subsidies for landholders who protect watersheds - land that absorbs rainwater - exceeded $23 billion last year, about $2 billion more than 2014, the study said.

The other scandal, involving state plantation company FELDA, is more problematic because it directly affects tens of thousands of small landholders in the heartlands.

Women account for less than a fifth of the world's landholders, and in North Africa and Western Asia, they represent fewer than 280 percent.

Jeff and McKenzie own a total of 400,000 acres of property, not only making them baronial, but 2 of the biggest landholders in the country.

In 2013, they voted to require landholders to officially register property ownership claims within 10 years, or else the land would revert to the state.

Private companies extracting resources from public or tribal land are supposed to pay royalties on what they produce, just as they do to private landholders.

She never lets us forget that, as originally conceived, the Constitution was created to protect the rights of white male landholders and no one else.

And even Mr. Modi's pre-election program to give small landholders 503,250 rupees per year — about $278 — has not yet reached most people, farmers said.

Funding mechanisms for more than $23 billion in global subsidies paid to landholders vary between countries, said the study of watershed management policies in 62 nations.

The average age of U.S. farmers — and agricultural landholders — has been steadily rising, to the point where today many are looking to secure a comfortable retirement.

Indonesia's Supreme Court has thrown out a landholders' lawsuit on technical grounds, paving the way for the government to take over the remaining land for the project.

Aside from cold hard cash, the former couple is hardcore baronial -- they own 400,000 acres of property, making them 2 of the biggest landholders in the country.

Caitlin Klevorick, a CBI Acquisitions spokeswoman, said by email that the company believed that if any potential environmental problems exist, they resulted before CBI Acquisitions became landholders.

Rivera was killed during a bid to expel landholders occupying part of the land granted by law to the indigenous population of various ethnic groups, authorities said.

Indonesia's Supreme Court had earlier thrown out a landholders' lawsuit on technical grounds, paving the way for the government to take over the remaining land for the project.

If managed well, Dr. Cooney said, hunting finances landholders and communities, providing a crucial incentive for people not only to tolerate potentially dangerous wildlife but to protect it.

FGV's shareholders - a chunk of whom are small landholders called settlers - have been hit hard by the share drop, worsening financial performance of Felda and FGV and delayed payments.

Between 1950 and 1952 perhaps 2m "landlords" and "rich peasants"—wholly artificial definitions, imported from the Soviet Union, for a country without big landholders—were singled out and killed.

Alabama yeomen had returned from the Civil War to face a sea change in agriculture, with those formerly independent farmers joining former slaves in peonage to the large landholders.

When the British introduced a Legislative Assembly in India after World War I, specific seats were reserved for Europeans, Sikhs, Muslims, Christians, "depressed classes," landholders, merchants and so on.

A. The foundation is a testament to Seneca Village, one of the first communities of black landholders in New York, which was destroyed in 1857 to create Central Park.

China has invested large sums in what it calls "eco compensation" for landholders who protect watersheds, as the world's most populous country tries to better manage its environment, Bennett said.

The way landholders limit further development provides a telling illustration: during the San Fransisco tech boom, it was the owners of scarce housing who benefited from all that feverish innovation.

People with financial interests in the area—wealthy people, landholders who still have agriculture there—they don't want their migrant farmworkers to know they are harvesting soil that contains plutonium.

And the federal government already owned most of the land around the border there so did not have to spend time and money buying it from private ranchers or other landholders.

Globally women make up nearly 45 percent of the agricultural labor force but less than 20 percent of landholders are women, according to the U.N.'s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

Growing up on a farm on the slopes of Mount Kenya, Thomas Njeru witnessed firsthand the devastating impact such setbacks had on the lives of small landholders, including his own family.

Growing up on a farm on the slopes of Mount Kenya, Mr. Njeru witnessed firsthand the devastating impact such setbacks had on the lives of small landholders, including his own family.

At the heart of the problem is poor land management in Portugal, where traditional small plots have become fire hazards after being abandoned by successive generations of landholders who moved to the cities.

Section 21998 outlines the law on land and property rights, prohibiting the "arbitrary deprivation of property", while limiting expropriation to cases in the public interest, for which landholders would receive "just and equitable" compensation.

Due in great measure to laws and customs that restrict women's ability to own or inherit land and, in some cases, even open bank accounts, women represent just 15% of landholders in sub-Saharan Africa.

But according to Esteban Payán, who is Panthera's Northern South America Jaguar Program Regional Director, the landholders he consults are often open to coexistence with jaguars, and many have become avid cooperators on the corridor project.

Ukraine's fertile land already makes it one of the world's top grain exporters but some fear that lifting the moratorium means small landholders might be bullied to sell their land on the cheap to big businesses or foreigners.

The Bundys and the other occupiers contend that the federal government had illegally taken land in Oregon and elsewhere around the West from ranchers and other private landholders over the decades, and they demanded that it be returned to local control.

At the heart of the issue lies age-old traditions in management of the land, made up mostly of small plots that have become fire hazards after they were abandoned by new generations of landholders who moved to the cities.

The arrival of this new class of landholders comes as the region is experiencing the fastest population boom in the country, which is driving up housing prices and the cost of living and leaving many residents fearful of losing their culture and economic stability.

"Dickey fired shots at the Tannerite target, ultimately causing an explosion that started a fire that spread and resulted in damage to more than 45,000 acres of land managed by the State of Arizona, the U.S. Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and various private landholders," the office said.

Indeed, outrage over the fires and President Jair Bolsonaro's rhetoric and actions obscures a central question: Can responsible, law-abiding landholders and businesspeople in the Amazon — like those I met in Paragominas — compete with people who break the law, grab land and forest resources and drive much of the deforestation?

Even more daunting, the expense of bringing a forest to the carbon market — a process that involves taking an inventory of the trees, assessing the forest's carbon content, estimating future growth, and submitting to several levels of auditing — has been so high that it would eliminate any profit for most small landholders.

But the right to vote was never mentioned in the original Constitution, and virtually every voting right we have — including those allowing and protecting the right to vote for women, blacks, native Americans, non-landholders, and those over the age of 18 — were created through a series of Constitutional amendments passed between 1866 and 1971.

General Dyer's very British determination to teach the colonized population a lesson was rooted in the memories of the Great Rebellion of 1857, when Indian rebels — sepoys of the British Indian Army, peasants, artisans and dispossessed landholders and rulers — revolted against the East India Company, killed several Europeans and brought the company to its knees in much of northern India.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty six landholders in the townland.

Eventually the army founds ways of collecting funds from local landholders and merchants.

Many of the landholders opted to pay off the estates' owners to take over complete ownership.

The Sakaldwipiya Brahmins of Bihar, Odisha, Bengal and Uttar Pradesh are Ayurvedic physicians, priests and landholders..

Town dwellers had different needs to the rural landholders so Southport ratepayers lobbied the Queensland Government to create a separate Divisional Board so that rates monies raised by Southport landholders could be spent on town improvements. This resulted in the Southport Divisional Board on 14 July 1883.

Griffith's Valuation lists five landholders in the townland. Cornalon folklore is found in the 1938 Dúchas collection.

That is the rocky story on how Dangin became a public town, not one trapped within private landholders.

Griffith's Valuation lists nine landholders in the townland. The landlord of Corranearty in the 19th century was Robert Burrowes.

Griffith's Valuation lists five landholders in the townland. Folklore relating to Drumod is found in the 1938 Dúchas Collection.

The Gortlaunaght Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists two landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation lists thirty- one landholders in the townland. The landlord of Drumersee in the 1850s was Anne Ahinleck.

The Farquharsons of Balfour were the main landholders in the area. The family included the surgeon, William Farquharson FRSE.

This station is named for Beaubien Street, named for a prominent French-Canadian family of landholders, public figures, and professionals.

The Clonkeen Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twelve landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland. The landlord of Gortnaleg in the 1850s was Robert Hutton.

The Barnardistons were English landholders of the Medieval period, with holdings in Barnston, Essex; Barnardiston, Suffolk and Great Coates, Lincolnshire.

The Claragh Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eleven landholders in the townland. The landlord of Drumbo in the 19th century was Hugh Wallace.

The Derrymony Valuation Office Field books are available for October 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seventeen landholders in the townland.

Justice Edward Douglass White, joined by Justice Rufus Wheeler Peckham, dissented. Justice White concluded that nothing in the record showed that the United States intended to withdraw the riparian water rights of the landholders when it built Water Street and cut the landholders off from the Potomac River.Morris v. United States, 174 U.S. 196, 292-293.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. In the 19th century the landlord of Drumbinnis was Captain John Johnston.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. In the 19th century the landlord of Druminiskill was Captain John Johnston.

The Kildoagh Valuation Office Field books are available for November 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty seven landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland. In the 19th century the landlord of most of Killygowan was Richard Carson.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Bursan was Leonard Dobbin.

The Board was abolished by section 28 of the Small Landholders (Scotland) Act 1911, and its powers and duties transferred to the Board of Agriculture for Scotland established by section 4 of that Act.Small Landholders (Scotland) Act 1911, sections 4 and 28. Most of the 1897 Act however remains in force, with the functions now in the hands of the Scottish Ministers.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nineteen landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Drumhurrin was the Annesley Estate.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eight landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Carnmaclean was the Annesley Estate.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty-four landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Curraghvah was the Annesley Estate.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 55, being 31 males and 24 females.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland. The landlords of Drumcanon in the 19th century were the Hassard Estate and Tubman Estate.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-two landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Coppanaghmore was the Annesley Estate.

After the defeat of Germany, elections were held on November 4, 1945. They were won by the Small Landholders' Party led by Zoltán Tildy. A republic was proclaimed, and Tildy was elected President. A coalition cabinet was formed, with Ferenc Nagy, a prominent member of the Small Landholders' Party, as Premier and Mátyás Rákosi, the General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist party, as Vice-Premier.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlords of Coppanaghbane were the Annesley and Hassard Estates.

Robert Hutton bought Moherloob at the sale and was still the owner during Griffith's Valuation in 1857. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland.

The mine has been continuously opposed by the Gamilaray people, surrounding landholders, towns, community groups, environment groups.Molina, Vinnie. "Cuban 5 event great success." (2014): Guardian (Sydney), no.

The town was originally called "New Huntington", but the name was changed to "Huntington" in October 1795. It was named for landholders Josiah, Charles and Marmaduke Hunt.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists forty-one landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlords of Bellavally were the Annesley and Blachford Estates.

The court was established on 1 April 1912 under section 3 of the Small Landholders (Scotland) Act 1911, which was amended by the Scottish Land Court Act 1993.

The act is administered by the state's Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). There are provisions under the act which allow landholders to negotiate voluntary conservation agreements with the EPA.

The Killaghaduff Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838-1840. Griffith's Valuation lists six landholders in the townland. The landlord of Killaghaduff in the 1850s was Nicholas Ellis.

Griffith's Valuation lists sixteen landholders in the townland. The landlord of Drumbrughas in the 1850s was the Gresson Estate. Folklore about Drumbrughas is found in the 1938 Dúchas collection.

Griffith's Valuation lists nine landholders in the townland. The landlord of Cornagran in the 19th century was Robert Burrowes. Folklore about Cornagran is found in the 1938 Dúchas collection.

Land trouble in Templeport 1855 by Rev. Dan Gallogly, in Breifne Journal, Vol. 5, No. 19 (1979), p.382. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nineteen landholders in the townland.

He also prepares estimates of the cash requirements for different economic groups (landholders, labourers, and brokers). In each group he posits that the cash requirements are closely related to the length of the pay period. He argues the brokers—the middlemen—whose activities enlarge the monetary circuit and whose profits eat into the earnings of labourers and landholders, have a negative influence on both personal and the public economy to which they supposedly contribute.

Parks Victoria is working with adjacent landholders to build partnerships to aid in the protection of remnant vegetation on private land, and to undertake pest animal and plant control programs.

The Furnaceland Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838-1840. Griffith's Valuation lists fifty-five landholders in the townland. Folklore from Furnaceland is found in the 1938 Dúchas collection.

The Gorteennaglogh Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists thirteen landholders in the townland. The landlord of Gorteenaglogh in the 19th century was the Hassard Estate.

The Tithe Applotment Books 1823-1837 list twenty tithepayers in the townland. The Mullaghmore Valuation Office books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list six tithepayers in the townland. The Cornacrum Valuation Office books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland.

At a local level communities and landholders are encouraged to take action through regional partnerships, bringing together people and organisations in long-term relationships to conserve, connect, protect and rehabilitate land.

In the Komnenian period the family declined in status, and the later Argyroi or Argyropouloi were mostly landholders or intellectuals, among others the astronomer Isaac Argyros and the humanist John Argyropoulos.

The Clooneen Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland. The landlord of Clooneen in the 19th century was Hugh Wallace.

The Cloncose Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. The landlord of Cloncose in the 19th century was Hugh Wallace.

The Drumgoohy Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. The landlord of Drumgoohy in the 19th century was Richard Fox.

Waddell, 41 U.S. 367 (1842), Justice Shiras argued that none of the Maryland landholders could claim title to the riverbed, either. The majority held the original landholders were to hold the river and its bed in trust for the public, and that after the American Revolution these public trusts passed into the possession of the state (in this case, Maryland and in due time the District of Columbia).Morris v. United States, 174 U.S. 196, 227-228.

The Manifold Brothers (Thomas, John and Peter) bred sheep, cattle and horses. During the nineteenth century they were among the largest landholders in Victoria. In 1857-60 The Purrembeet homestead was constructed.

The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list nine tithepayers in the townland. The Drummully West Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fifteen landholders in the townland.

The Drumcase Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland.website=askaboutireland.ie The landlord of Drumcase in the 19th century was Hugh Wallace.

Like most other Scottish landholders, Lachlann rendered homage to the triumphant king later in 1296.Holton (2017) pp. 156–157, 156 n. 126; Cochran-Yu (2015) p. 55; Barrow, GWS (1973) p.

The Lattone Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. In the 19th century the landlord of Lattone was the Annesley Estate.

The state government is working with landholders in the catchment to reduce sediment and nutrient runoff. Other restoration programs along the river aim to control weeds, restore native vegetation and stabilise eroding banks.

The Tullytiernan Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. The landlord of Tullytiernan in the 19th century was the Annesley estate.

The Drumerdannan Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland. The landlord of most of Drumerdannan in the 19th century was Hugh Wallace.

The Aghnacreevy Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland. The landlord of most of Aghnacreevy in the 19th century was William Cook.

In each area a Facilitator coordinates regional partnerships to implement voluntary involvement of landholders in local sections of the conservation corridor. Regional partnership bring together a range of organisations, from catchment management authorities to local government, industry, conservation groups, landcare bodies, scientists and local landholders. Since 2007 over 50 organisations have participated in the Great Eastern Ranges Initiative. While some regional partnerships have been established since 2007, others are only just forming and identifying the key issues and activities for their region.

There is a handsome shooting lodge called Glangavlin belonging to Lord Enniskillen. The Derrynananta Upper Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eight landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation lists fifteen landholders in the townland. The landlord of Cloghoge in the 19th century was Robert Burrowes. Poems by Thomas McGoldrick, a resident of the townland, are in the 1938 Dúchas collection.

There were nine houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nineteen landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 63, being 32 males and 31 females.

There were three houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 21, being 11 males and 10 females.

The Kilsallagh Valuation Office Field books are available for November 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seventeen landholders in the townland. The landlord of Kilsallagh in the 1850s was the Reverend Sir James King.

On 4 November 1844 a party of armed men attacked the house of Patt Curnien of Adhlogher, from which they carried off a gun. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fifteen landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation lists fourteen landholders in the townland. Folklore about Derryrealt is in the 1938 Dúchas collection. An IRA member, Patrick McManus, was killed by his own explosives in Derryrealt on 15 July 1958.

These evolved into the Sipahis (feudal landholders similar to western knights and Byzantine pronoiai) and Qapukulu (door slaves, taken from youth like Janissaries and trained to be royal servants and elite soldiers, mainly cataphracts).

Nowadays fewer than 40 descendants of the ancestral Black inhabitants remain. By 1850, the majority of the township's landholders were Irish Catholics, many of whom had immigrated from farming lands in County Tipperary, Ireland.

The Legnaderk Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists two landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Legnaderk was the Annesley Estate.

There were five houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland.\- Tullynaconspod In 1861 the population of the townland was 22, being 12 males and 10 females.

There were six houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists three landholders in the townland. \- Tullynamoltra In 1861 the population of the townland was 35, being 19 males and 16 females.

There were seventeen houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-two landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 74, being 37 males and 37 females.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fifteen landholders in the townland. The landlord of most of Coolnashinny during the 19th century was Richard Carson. Folklore related to Coolnashinny from the 1937 Dúchas collection is available online.

The Burren Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty seven landholders in the townland. \- Burren The 1938 Dúchas folklore collection tells a fairy story set in Burren.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list twenty nine tithepayers in the townland The Munlough North Valuation Office Field books are available for December 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eight landholders in the townland.

The ditches constructed by the district are used today by the refuge for water control and management. During the Great Depression, land values plummeted and many of the large landholders (lumber companies) defaulted on payment of taxes rather than continue to maintain unprofitable investments in the land. Throughout the Bootheel, many drainage districts were unable to meet financial obligations and defaulted on bond payments, largely because they could not absorb the loss of revenue created by the large landholders. Mingo District was one of these.

British sources described the Lodhi as "immigrants from the United Provinces", who spread from that area, and in doing so were able to raise their social status, becoming landholders and local rulers ranking only below the Brahmin, Rajput, and Bania. Some of these large landholders gained the title of thakur, and some Lodhi families in Damoh and Sagar were labeled as rajas, diwans and lambardars by the Muslim Raja of Panna. These now-powerful Lodhi played a significant role in the 1842 Bundela rising.

In Bolivia, deforestation in upper river basins has caused environmental problems, including soil erosion and declining water quality. An innovative project to try and remedy this situation involves landholders in upstream areas being paid by downstream water users to conserve forests. The landholders receive US$20 to conserve the trees, avoid polluting livestock practices, and enhance the biodiversity and forest carbon on their land. They also receive US$30, which purchases a beehive, to compensate for conservation for two hectares of water-sustaining forest for five years.

There were eighteen houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 86, being 39 males and 47 females.

In 2010 the population was estimated to be less than 100 birds. In 2011, the population was described as "few". Landholders and conservation groups report that numbers in Spencer Gulf have crashed since the early 2000s.

There were eight houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 49, being 23 males and 26 females.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. The 1930s Dúchas folklore collection states- Sir Ralph Cusack (b. 1820 – d. 1911) was landlord over the townlands of Drumlara (then written Drumlaragh), Aughnacreevy and Relliaugh.

The Dring Valuation Office books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eleven landholders in the townland. David Poe Senior, the grandfather of the author Edgar Allan Poe was a native of Dring townland.

There were fourteen houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists sixteen landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 86, being 40 males and 46 females.

The dunnarts are very sensitive to the organophosphorus pesticide fenitrothion which at sub-lethal intoxication can cause lethargy and temporary immobilisation, increasing the risk of predation. This pesticide is used by local landholders to control locusts.

The 1836 Ordnance survey Namebooks state- Freestone is procured on the ground and is used for building. The Drumconra Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists eleven landholders in the townland.

There were sixteen houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists forty-five landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 102, being 48 males and 54 females.

However, Franks needed to maintain productivity, so the villagers were tied to the land. Charters evidence landholders agreeing to return any villeins from other landholders they found on their property. Peasants were required to pay the lord one quarter to a half of crop yields, the Muslim pilgrim Ibn Jubayr reported there was also a poll tax of one dinar and five qirat per head and a tax on produce from trees. 13thcentury charters indicate this increased after the loss of the first kingdom redressing the Franks’ lost income.

Below them were the lairds, who emerged as a distinct group at the top of local society was whose position was consolidated by economic and administrative change. Below the lairds in rural society were a variety of groups, often ill-defined, including yeomen, who were often major landholders, and the husbandmen, who were landholders, followed by cottars and grassmen, who often had only limited rights to common land and pasture. Urban society was led by wealthy merchants, who were often burgesses. Beneath them, and often in conflict with the urban elite, were the craftsmen.

A major issue with these programs is that most small landholders do not have titles to the land. These small landholders were given plots to cultivate when they worked on larger farms or many were displaced migrants who settled in unclaimed lands. Since they have no legal documentation of land ownership they can’t apply for many of the correct land use incentives, thus little consideration of long-term effects on the land is given. Another issue is that the programs don’t differentiate between small- scale and large-scale landowners.

Another reason was that large landholders feared the growing influence of smaller farmers and urban residents. By splitting the Marlborough Province off with its large farms, it was easier for these landholders to control the provincial council. When the province was formed, Sir Thomas Gore Browne, the Governor of New Zealand, named it after John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. The settlement of Blenheim was subsequently named after the Battle of Blenheim (1704), where troops led by the Duke defeated a combined French and Bavarian force at the village of Blenheim (Blindheim) in Germany.

Ninti One and its partners gained consent for the culling program from the landholders for over square kilometres of land. Different culling techniques were used for different regions in deference to concerns from the Aboriginal landholders. At the completion of the project in 2013, the Australian Feral Camel Management Project had reduced the feral camel population by 160,000 camels. This includes over 130,000 through aerial culling, 15,000 mustered and 12,000 ground-culled (shot from vehicle) for pet meat. It estimated around 300,000 camels remained, the population increasing 10% per year.

There were nine houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eleven landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 68, being 39 males and 29 females.

There were four houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 37, being 21 males and 16 females.

For this reason, this rule has been modified in those jurisdictions that use it, to permit reasonable changes in natural flow, often weighing the competing interests of neighboring landholders with the benefit of the development of the parcel.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlords of Mullaghlea Glen was the Hassard Estate. In 1875 the Hassard Estate sold the townland to William Carson of Dowra.

Kontler 1999, p. 104. Thereafter, all landholders provided one archer for each twenty peasant households on their estates.Sedlar 1994, p. 167. In the same year, Sigismund abolished former immunities of the jurisdiction of county authoritiesEngel 2001, p. 219.

There were six houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 18, being 10 males and 8 females.

The Constitution also used the term "notables". The word "notables" had been in common usage under the monarchy; every Frenchman understood it, and it was comforting. It referred to prominent, "distinguished" men — landholders, merchants, scholars, professionals, clergymen and officials.

The 1790 Cavan Carvagh list spells the name as Dromcask. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books spell the name as Drumcask. The Drucask Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists twelve landholders in the townland.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list four tithepayers in the townland., in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Urhannagh Valuation Office Field books are available for December 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists three landholders in the townland.

There were two houses in the townland, one of which was uninhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 20, being 8 males and 12 females.

Few peasant landholders were free tenants. The norm for peasant homes was customary tenure or copyhold tenure, though the particulars of legal status were often not as important in practice as the agricultural resources made available by the land.

The CSR acquired more land for growing cane and by 1914 controlled over 100,000 acres (400 km²). There also arrived in Fiji a new set of landholders who either planted cane themselves or leased their land for cane planting.

Major General Nawab Sir Umar Hayat Khan Tiwana (5 October 1874 – 24 March 1944), was a Rajput soldier of the Indian Empire, one of the largest landholders in the Punjab, and an elected member of the Council of State of India.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the name as Caldragh. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list three tithepayers in the townland. The Callaghs Valuation Office books are available for May 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland.

The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as Aghaboy. The Aghaboy Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists twenty-two landholders in the townland. The landlord of Aghaboy in the 19th century was the Hassard Estate.

There were ten houses in the townland, of which one was in the course of erection. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 36, being 19 males and 17 females.

The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as Gubramadariff. The Gubrimmaddera Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists four landholders in the townland. The landlord of Gubrimmaddera in the 19th century was the Crofton Estate.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list twelve tithepayers in the townland. and and , in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Cavanaquill Valuation Office Field books are available for December 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland.

The 1821 Census of Ireland spells the name as Boreame. The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as Boaram. The Borim Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838-1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nineteen landholders in the townland.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the townland name as Carne. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list six tithepayers in the townland. The Carn Valuation Office books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland.

In October 1820 it had an attendance of 27 scholars. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list fifteen tithepayers in the townland. The Tonaloy Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list four tithe payers in the townland. , in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Killycluggin Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1841. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists sixteen landholders in the townland.

Cuin, son of Clarric, is heir to his uncle, Pryce Dacaerin, a regional lord who has gained wealth and power by protecting landholders from bandits, dragons, and other threats that haunt the unsettled places. Cuin, as heir, is also engaged to marry Dacerin’s daughter, Ellid. At the beginning of the story, Ellid has been kidnapped in a power grab by one of Dacerin’s resistive landholders and is being held as bait for an ambush. She is freed by a lean, dark haired mysterious stranger who seems to have some power over stone and animals and is sensitive to light.

Adolphus Philipse was born in 1665, the second son of Frederick Philipse, the first Lord of the Manor of Philipsborough, a Dutch immigrant to North America of Bohemian heritage who had risen to become one of the greatest landholders in the New Netherlands.

The river is sourced from ground water that flows out of a limestone rock over a limestone substrate and patches of sand and pebbles before sinking into two caverns. The area is managed by a land trustee who arrange payments to traditional landholders.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the name as Aghuenagh. The Tithe Applotment Books 1823-1837 list five tithepayers in the townland. and The Aghaweenagh Valuation Office books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eleven landholders in the townland.

Hunting, trapping and baiting activities reduce the numbers of pigs to some degree and all property managers surrounding the lake are actively engaged in pest management. Some landholders have found that the extreme drought years have the biggest effect on reducing pig numbers.

Ferrer 1960, p. 88, El Siglo Futuro 23.02.18, available here In 1919 he decided not to compete,El Debate 21.05.19, available here while in 1920 he agreed to represent a committee of landholders as an agrarian candidate in Tafalla,El Siglo Futuro 13.12.

The Laheen Valuation Office books are available for 1837-1838. The 1841 Census of Ireland lists thirty-seven families in the townland. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland. The 1901 Census of Ireland lists seven families in the townland.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list thirteen tithepayers in the townland. and and in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Killymoriarty Valuation Office Field books are available for November 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty one landholders in the townland.

The Crown, pursuant to statute, may grant various leases or licences to enter onto land and take minerals. State ownership of minerals has had the important result that governments, rather than private landholders, determine the legal regimes governing mineral exploration and production.

The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list one tithepayer in the townland. The Mullaghmullan Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. The will of John Burns of Mullaghnamullen died 9 May 1897.

The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list seven tithepayers in the townland. The Coragh Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. The landlord of Coragh in the 19th century was Hugh Wallace.

In the 19th century the landlord of Derrinlester was the Reverend Francis Saunderson (b.1786), who was Church of Ireland rector of Kildallan from 1828 until his death on 22 December 1873. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland.

He held the land in fee-simple. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books spell the name as Hawkswood. The Hawkswood Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838-1840. Griffith's Valuation lists forty-two landholders in the townland, including the town of Swanlinbar.

He pushed the movement in to a violent route. He violently assaulted zamindars, karindas, taluqdars and thikadars and even imprisoned them in their own homes. He began to distribute landowning rights to tenants and petty landholders. His name was associated with dread.

The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list eight tithepayers in the townland. The Gortnacleigh Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. The landlord of Gortnacleigh in the 19th century was Hugh Wallace.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the name as Killenery. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list nine tithepayers in the townland. The Killyneary Valuation Office Field books are available for November 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland. \- Toberlyan On 17 March 1871 a rent-charge on the land belonging to the Hinds family was sold by the Landed Estates Court, including on That part of Tubberlion called Millea otherwise Millick.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the townland name as Dromanny Groves. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list twelve tithepayers in the townland. The Drummany Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland.

Rabbits are controlled by identification and destruction of warrens. Feral goats are mustered by contractors. Feral pigs are controlled by aerial shooting and foxes are controlled by baiting programs. Where possible, feral animal control is conducted in conjunction with adjoining landholders to maximise effectiveness.

The Tithe Applotment Books 1823-1837 list seventeen tithepayers in the townland. The Raleagh Valuation Office Field books are available for May 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty landholders in the townland. In the 19th century the landlord of Raleagh was William Cook.

The Tithe Applotment Books 1823-1837 list twelve tithe payers in the townland. The Doogary Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fifty-four landholders in the townland. In the 19th century, the landlord of Doogary was Thomas Irvine.

He was a Forty-shilling freeholders holding the Fee simple himself, worth £20. The Tithe Applotment Books 1823-1837 list fifteen tithepayers in the townland. The Greaghacholea Valuation Office books are available for May 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland.

There were seventeen houses in the townland, one of which was uninhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-four landholders in the townland. On 6 July 1857 the Incumbered Estates Commission published the following notice\- > In the Matter of the Estate of James Brien, Geo.

Charles I reformed the system of royal revenues and monopolies.Kontler 1999, p. 90. For instance, he imposed the "thirtieth" (a tax on goods transferred through the kingdom's frontiers), and authorized landholders to retain one third of the income from mines opened in their estates.

Some sections have restrictions on their use in order to be compatible with the goals and purposes of the various public and private landholders whose property the trail crosses. Horseback riding, mountain biking, or trail side camping may be restricted in certain environmentally sensitive areas.

Meerfeld is first recorded in 1152 as part of the parish of Bettenfeld. The landholders were for centuries the lords of Malberg. In 1794, Meerfeld came under French rule. In 1814, it was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna.

50, No. 4 (Dec., 1971), pp. 395–430 Contrary to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, this Act placed the burden of proof of title on landholders."Ranchos of California": Extracts from Cris Perez, Grants of Land in California Made by Spanish or Mexican Authorities, Lib.berkeley.

He was a respected colonist, becoming the most influential man in the colony. He protected his fellow colonists from the severity of the officials and restrained the encomenderos (large landholders) greed. But his own desire for wealth and gold continued to live inside him.

In many Australian states ragwort has been declared a noxious weed. This status requires landholders to remove it from their property, by law. The same applies to New Zealand, where farmers sometimes bring in helicopters to spray their farms if the ragwort is too widespread.

The Glasstown Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seventeen landholders in the townland. The landlord of most of Glasstown in the 19th century was Hugh Wallace. A description of Glasstown in 1937 is in the Dúchas folklore collection.

The fields were inclosed in 1764. Land tax records of the 18th and 19th centuries give the impression of a village of smaller landholders. The Quorn and Fernie hunts had stables in the village. There was a parish workhouse in the village by 1776.

Dated 29th day of April, 1853 Henry Carey, Secretary. {seal} John Collum, Solicitor, having carriage of the proceedings, 70, Talbot-street, Dublin. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. The landlords of Tircahan in the 1850s were William Magee and Robert Hutton.

The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books spell the name as Drumbar Upper and Drumbar Lower. The Drumbar Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists thirteen landholders in the townland. The townland formed part of the Crofton estate in the 19th century.

The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as Aghakinigh Lower and Aghkinigh Upper. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nineteen landholders in the townland. The landlord of Aghakinnigh in the 1850s was Singleton Crawford. Folklore from Aghakinnigh can be found in the 1938 Dúchas collection.

The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books spell the name as Uragh Upper and Uragh Lower. The Uragh Valuation Office Field books are available for 1838-1840. Griffith's Valuation lists eleven landholders in the townland. The landlord of Uragh in the 1850s was the Gresson Estate.

The "Republican" classification for which he advocated included "the entire body of landholders" everywhere and "the body of laborers" without land.Meacham, 2012, p. 298. Republicans united behind Jefferson as vice president, with the election of 1796 expanding democracy nationwide at grassroots levels.Wilentz, 2005, p. 85.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the name as Gollagh. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list eleven tithepayers in the townland. The Gowlagh South Valuation Office Field books are available for October 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland.

Southport was developed as both an administrative centre as well as a holiday destination with hotels and guesthouses to cater for visitors. Town dwellers had different needs to the rural landholders so Southport ratepayers lobbied the colonial government to create a separate Divisional Board so that rates monies raised by Southport landholders could be spent on town improvements. This resulted in the establishment of the Southport Division on 14 July 1883 by an amalgamation of part of Nerang Division and part of Coomera Division. Burleigh Heads, 1932 On 31 March 1903, following the enactment of the Local Authorities Act 1902, the divisions became shires.

A farmer (nong) operating a pulley wheel to lift a bucket, from the Tiangong Kaiwu encyclopedia by Song Yingxing (1587–1666) Since Neolithic times in China, agriculture was a key element to the rise of China's civilization and every other civilization. The food that farmers produced sustained the whole of society, while the land tax exacted on farmers' lots and landholders' property produced much of the state revenue for China's pre-modern ruling dynasties. Therefore, the farmer was a valuable member of society, and even though he was not considered one with the shi class, the families of the shi were usually landholders that often produced crops and foodstuffs.Gernet, 102–103.

His wife Lady Saundrerson, had a school built beside the entrance to their demesne. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list fourteen tithepayers in the townland. The Killygorman Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-nine landholders in the townland.

The history of the townland is the same as the history of Glangevlin village. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list four tithepayers in the townland. The Gub Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eighteen landholders in the townland.

Parkinsonia, parthenium and rubber vine are listed as Weeds of National Significance (WONS) and as declared Class 2 pest plants under Pest and Stock Route Management Act 2002. Management of weeds in the Lake Galilee catchment is a major priority for the landholders in the catchment.

There were six houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 44, being 19 males and 25 females. There were six houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland.

There were nine houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 54, being 23 males and 31 females. There were eight houses in the townland and all were inhabited.

There were six houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 27, being 12 males and 15 females. There were five houses in the townland and all were inhabited.

There were six houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 25, being 11 males and 14 females. There were five houses in the townland and all were inhabited.

1629 which was often divided and subdivided among heirs to the fourth generation; with the passage of time some of the smaller landholders might be "bought out" and become tenants of a larger estate. This possibly might have been one of three gwelyau, originally belonging to Gloddaeth.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the name as Moneenbron. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list five tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Moneenabrone Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland.

There were four houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 44, being 19 males and 28 females. There were six houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland.

Catfield has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde,Norfolk page 188, Catfield, In the great book Catfield is recorded by the names Cate(s)felda, the main landholders being Roger Bigod and Count Alan.

The floristic composition suggests that the vegetation has evolved largely in the absence of regular intense fire. Information from local landholders indicates that the mountain was subjected to annual low intensity burning by previous occupiers to maintain fresh feed for their stock during the 1940s and 1950s.

279 tab. 1. The latter last appears on record in 1293, when he was listed as one of the principal landholders in Argyll. At about this period, the territories possessed by the clan comprised Kintyre, Islay, southern Jura, and perhaps Colonsay and Oronsay.McDonald (1997) p. 130.

The 1652 Commonwealth Survey lists the owner as Sir Francis Hamilton and describes it as wasteland. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list five tithepayers in the townland. The Drumbagh Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland.

In 1570, he issued the Privilegium Gotthardinum, which allowed the landholders to enserf the native peasantry on their lands.Palkans, p. 50. When Gotthard Kettler died in 1587, his sons, Friedrich and Wilhelm, became the dukes of Courland. They divided the Duchy into two parts in 1596.

Douglas Haig. Club Atlético Douglas Haig has enjoyed regional prominence in the Argentine B League. Pergamino's main church and city hall were both completed in 1930. Following a decade of prosperity, however, the great depression led to the ruin of the majority of the area's small landholders.

The Carrick West Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eight landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Carrick West was the Alex Hassard Estate. In 1875 it was sold to James Bracken.

There were two houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 26, being 13 males and 13 females. There were three houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists two landholders in the townland.

Land estates were confiscated by the government, fragmented, and rented out. Private slavery was forbidden. Consequently, after the death of the Yongle Emperor, independent peasant landholders predominated in Chinese agriculture. These laws might have paved the way to removing the worst of the poverty during the previous regimes.

The economy was eventually stabilized, but the resulting crash in commodity prices caused many smaller landholders to lose their fields to money-lending neighbors. Matsukata also established the Bank of Japan in 1882.Roberts, George E. (1900). Annual report of the Director of the Mint (US), p. 393.

There was one house in the townland, it was inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists two landholders in the townland. On 6 July 1857 the Incumbered Estates Commission published the following notice\- > In the Matter of the Estate of James Brien, Geo. Brien, Edward Brien and > Francis Brien, Owners.

Accordingly, Perry was one of the largest Texas individual landholders and irrefutably the wealthiest woman in Texas. She was actively involved in management of the Austin estate, including investments and land, actively involved in a time where male signatures were still required on contracts and women could not vote.

The Canterbury Club building in 2007 The Canterbury Club is a historic gentlemen's club in the central city of Christchurch, New Zealand. It was founded by urban professionals in 1872 as a breakaway club from the Christchurch Club, which had been set up by large rural landholders in 1856.

Freestone is interspersed through it, but is not raised nor used for any thing. The Tullynacleigh Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists two landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Tullynacleigh was the Annesley estate.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the name as Kilnenagh. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list nine tithepayers in the townland., in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Killynaff Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1841. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the name as Dromeone. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list eleven tithepayers in the townland., in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Drumane Valuation Office Field books are available for December 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twelve landholders in the townland.

Agrarian structure is the pattern of land (area group) distribution among landholders (agricultural households).T. Ludewigs, A. D’Antona, E. S. Brondizio, and S. Hetrick. 2009. Agrarian structure and land-cover change along the lifespan of three colonization areas in the Brazilian Amazon.World Development, Vol 37, No 8, p. 1349.

"He was also among the trustees chosen at the founding of the town of Salem, among the founding elders of Salem Presbyterian Church (Salem, Virginia), and one of the largest landholders in the county."Cox, Ray. 2017. Early Roanoke County founder rests at well-groomed gravesite. Roanoke Times.

The land was surveyed and recorded, outlining the boundaries of the Township, known as antioch. Those boundaries are similar to what they are today. In the enumeration of 1734 there were 32 landholders within the Township, with William Tennis having the most area at 250 acres (1 km2).

Large landholders unwilling to join cooperatives and unwise enough to demur were condemned as "kulaks" and evicted without compensation. Subsequent criticism was muted. By 1960, when collectivization was essentially complete, 90% of all agricultural land was in the state sector—a proportion that slowly increased to 95% in 1985.

Barnhart and Riker, p. 312. In 1810 the requirement for voters to be landholders was replaced with a law granting voting rights to all free adult males who paid county or territorial taxes and had resided in the territory for at least a year.Barnhart and Riker, p. 360.

The Council had a total of 116 members in addition to the ex - officio members of the Governor's Executive Council. Out of the 116, 86 were elected from constituencies of the presidency reserved for Non-Muhammadans, Muhammadans, Europeans, Landholders, Universities and Commerce & Industry. 7 constituencies were reserved for Marathas.

They have conducted a study trip at the waterhole for interested parties and shared the outcomes of this best practice wetland management. The landholders would like to hear from people who are genuinely interested in helping to protect this relatively undisturbed and unique area.DCQ contacts page Contact via Desert Channels Queensland.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list five tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Derrynatuan Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists three landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Derrynatuan was the Annesley Estate.

There were two houses in the townland, one of which was uninhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 11, being 4 males and 7 females. There were two houses in the townland and all were inhabited.

There were thirty houses in the townland, of which one was uninhabited. In the 19th century the landlord of Teeboy was Sir Thomas Finlay. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fifty-six landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 166, being 78 males and 88 females.

Fine 1994, p. 424. A great army consisting mainly of French knights assembled, but the crusaders were routed in the battle of Nicopolis in 1396.Engel 2001, p. 203. The Diet of Temesvár (present-day Timișoara, Romania) of 1397 obliged all landholders to finance the equipment of soldiers for defensive purposes.

Ryerson successfully convinced the other landholders to donate their properties. Albright sold his property in 1968. Henry Preston, son of Frederick, sold and the cabin to the in 1969. David Dangler, who had come into possession of the Millard property in the 1950s, likewise sold to the district the next year.

The 1836 Ordnance survey Namebooks state- Lime can be procured in any part of the land, used for manure and building. The soil is rocky and the crops are in general poor. The Gortnaderrylea Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists two landholders in the townland.

It had nothing much to export except agricultural products. The Netherlands bought the largest share of Denmark's exports. The landlords, only about 300 in number, nevertheless owned 90% of the land in the country. Rural administration remained primarily the preserve of the large landholders and of a few law-enforcement officials.

Henry Shaw mausoleum statue, Missouri Botanical Garden. By the age of 40, Shaw was one of the largest landholders in the city and was able to retire. This gave him the freedom to travel and to pursue his great interest in botany. Following his retirement, Shaw travelled extensively for years.

Ursenbach is first mentioned in 1201 as Ursibach. During the Middle Ages the major landholders in Ursenbach were the Lords of Aarwangen and Rüegsau Priory. The low court, known as the Amt of Ursenbach, was held by the Kyburg counts. In the 14th century, the Amt went to the Grünenberg counts.

The lordship over the village was long shared by the Stuben Monastery, the Electorate of Trier and various noble landholders. Beginning in 1794, Neef lay under French rule. Thereafter, the Stuben Monastery was a ruin. In 1815 Neef was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list four tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Corratawy Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation The landlord of Corratawy in the 19th century was William Blachford.

The Statute of Wills (32 Hen. 8, c. 1 – enacted in 1540) was an Act of the Parliament of England. It made it possible, for the first time in post- Conquest English history, for landholders to determine who would inherit their land upon their death by permitting devise by will.

Banningham has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1086.The Domesday Book, England's Heritage, Then and Now, rditor: Thomas Hinde, Norfolk, p. 186, Banningham, In the great book Banningham is recorded by the names Banincha, and Hamingeha. The main landholders are William de Warenne and the Abbot of Holm.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists two landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 14, being 5 males and 9 females. There were two houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In the 1901 census of Ireland, there are three families listed in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 45, being 22 males and 23 females. There were seven houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In the 1901 census of Ireland, there are nine families listed in the townland.

In the United States and Canada, the term agister is used in raw milk herdshare agreements to refer to the person hired to provide agistment services for owners of the herd animals.; ; . In the Western United States, agisters are landholders who offer pasturage services, or who seek to enforce agistment lien commitments.

As an administrator, he opposed excessive centralization and helped decentralise the postal department. He opposed the application of income-tax rules in India. He often held opposing views to those of the governor-general Sir John Lawrence. He felt that the use of land cess to support education was unjust to the landholders.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list fifty three tithepayers in the townland. In 1833 two people in Kilsob were registered as a keeper of weapons- Hugh Maguire and Peter Reilly. The Kilsob Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fifty two landholders in the townland.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list ten tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1827 In 1833 one person in Boley was registered as a keeper of weapons- Robert Harper. The Boley Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty three landholders in the townland.

Tatterford has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1086.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde, Norfolk page 195, Tatterford, In the great book Tatterford is recorded by the names Taterforda. The main landholders being Humphrey de Bohun The survey also mentions that there were two mills.

Until 1773 Sibford Gower had a single open field of 80 yardlands. In 1774 the inclosure award for Sibford Gower divided between 48 landholders. The largest award was to New College, Oxford, which had held the rectory of Swalcliffe since 1389 and over the years had extended its estates into Sibford Gower.

Elijah McClanahan was an early member of the congregation. "He was also among the trustees chosen at the founding of the town of Salem, among the founding elders of Salem Presbyterian Church, and one of the largest landholders in the county."Cox, Ray. 2017. Early Roanoke County founder rests at well-groomed gravesite.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list twelve tithepayers in the townland. and , in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Bofealan Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1841. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. In the Dúchas Folklore Collection there is a description of Bofealan in 1938.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list five tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Mully Upper Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland. – Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Mully Upper was the Hassard Estate.

There were seven houses in the townland, all were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 20, being 9 males and 11 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were four houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eight landholders in the townland.

During the American Civil War several of the community's men served in the Union army, the majority of them in the 28th Regiment U.S. Colored Troops and the XXV Corps. By 1870 only 268 African Americans remained in the neighborhood, with Beech's black landholders holding a total of .Vincent, p. 91, 101–2.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 52, being 25 males and 27 females. There were ten houses in the townland, of which one was uninhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 54, being 28 males and 26 females.

The Siyar-ul-Mutakherin also mentions that his equity was no less conspicuous towards the Zamindars and other landholders of Bengal. These persons, under Murshid Quli's administration (see: Murshid Quli Khan), had been mostly kept in confinement, and tormented in such a variety of ways, that it would be a pity to spend paper and ink in describing them. Shuja after having firmly established his government, released such of the Zamindars and other landholders as he found on enquiry free from crime or fraud ; as to the others, he ordered them to be all brought into his presence, and to form a circle round his person. This being done, he asked them, how they would behave in future, should he release them.

Adapted from English common law, the riparian water right dictated that landholders bordering on or encompassing streams had the reasonable use of the water that flowed over their property. This water right was well adapted to temperate climates with year-round rainfall, but proved ill-fitting for California's more arid climate. This standard brought riparian rights-holders into conflict in low-water years, creating issues of both priority and quantity which could only be settled in court. Furthermore the riparian right allowed for the monopolization of water rights by buying all the land adjacent to a stream, creating a conflict between large landholders with the means to buy up stream-adjacent land, and those who needed water rights in order to run profitable farms.

Another François de Beauharnais (1665–1746) became intendant of New France (i.e. Canada), where a seigneurie was granted to him in 1707. His nephew, Francis V de Beauharnais, was made chef d'escadre des armées royales, then governor of Martinique. The Beauharnais of Orléans were also great landholders thanks to their many seigneuries in the region.

The left Once England had been conquered, the Normans faced many challenges in maintaining control.Stafford Unification and Conquest pp. 102–105 They were few in number compared to the native English population; including those from other parts of France, historians estimate the number of Norman landholders at around 8000.Carpenter Struggle for Mastery pp.

His family were minor landholders, vassals of the Counts of Hesdin,Round (1899), p. 481–2, no. 1326. whose overlord was the Count of Flanders, through acquisition by marriage of the County of Artois circa 898. The first Count of Hesdin who is definitely known through chronicles was Alulf I, who flourished around 1000.

Jaensch (1986), pp. 253–259 But this concerned the rural conservatives little, who hoped to retain their hold on power through the present system, which included a Legislative Council where suffrage was based on land ownership, resulting in a body dominated by the ruling class and the rural landholders, and a 16–4 LCL majority.

By 1870 only 3 landholders appeared in an atlas of the city, including the Holyoke Water Power Company. By 1875, newspapers began to reference the South Holyoke Driving Park, a venue which sat just to the northeast of the track later built at Springdale Park, which became synonymous with horse races and agricultural fairs.

Pontenet is first mentioned in 1359 as Pontenat. By 1371 Bellelay Abbey was one of the major landholders in the village. In 1515 they granted their lands in the village to Grosjean Girod de Loveresse. During the Early Modern era it was administered by the provost of Moutier-Grandval for the Prince-Bishop of Basel.

He served as the guardian of the young Count of Nidau. According to Konrad Justinger, he led the Confederation armies in the Battle of Laupen in 1339. The Confederation victory against Freiburg army and feudal landholders from the County of Burgundy and the Habsburgs. His victory led to Bern and Freiburg avoiding further warfare.

There were eight houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 47, being 24 males and 23 females. There were ten houses in the townland and all were inhabited apart from one in the course of erection.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nineteen landholders in the townland. – Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century Philip McGovern of Legnagrow was famous throughout Ireland for having the cure of Rabies or hydrophobia. There is a monument to the Seanchaí John Neddy Maguire of Legnagrow. There are folktales about Legnagrow in the 1938 Dúchas collection.

In 1836 James Dolan of Drumlogher, was registered for one gun. The Drumlougher Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty seven landholders in the townland. On 6 July 1857 the Incumbered Estates Commission published the following notice\- In the Matter of the Estate of James Brien, Geo.

The wealthiest landholders also constructed new residences or rebuilt their old fortresses in order to improve comfort. For instance, Pipo of Ozora who employed the painter Masolino da Panicale and one of Brunelleschi's students introduced Renaissance architecture and arts.Kontler 1999, p. 126. The kingdom's defense and Sigismund's active foreign policy demanded new sources of income.

Pontenet is first mentioned in 1359 as Pontenat. By 1371 Bellelay Abbey was one of the major landholders in the village. In 1515 they granted their lands in the village to Grosjean Girod de Loveresse. During the Early Modern era it was administered by the provost of Moutier-Grandval for the Prince-Bishop of Basel.

In the 1825 Registry of Freeholders for County Cavan there was one freeholder registered in Gortenegorick- Edward Murphy. He was a Forty-shilling freeholders holding a lease for lives from his landlord, Mr. Southwell. The Gorteen Valuation Office books are available for April 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-three landholders in the townland.

A map of the Beresford estate drawn in 1831 spells the name as Lisroughty. The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the townland name as Lissrorty. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 spells the name as Lisroughty or Newtown and lists six tithepayers in the townland. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland.

There were nine houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 62, being 36 males and 26 females. There were eleven houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists the landholders in the townland as McGoldrick, King, Gilleece, Maguire and Curran.

The peasants remained a powerful political force in Bolivia during all subsequent governments. By 1970, 45% of peasant families had received title to land. Land reform projects continued in the 1970s and 1980s. A 1996 agrarian reform law increased protection for smallholdings and indigenous territories, but also protected absentee landholders who pay taxes from expropriation.

The National Library of Ireland holds rentals of the Crofton estate from 1769 to 1814, MS Numbers 20,783 and 4530. The 1821 Census spells the name as Towny Glan and states- Fertile fattening land. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books spell the name as Tonynelt. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists two landholders in the townland.

Elijah McClanahan (April 20, 1770 died 1857) (aka Elijah McClanachan; McClanechan, etc.) was a noted planter and soldier in western Virginia and the Roanoke Valley. He was a Lieutenant Colonel in the 5th/121st Virginia Militia in the War of 1812, and was one of the largest landholders in what later became Roanoke County, Virginia.

Multiple larger landholders already held the bulk of the land. They 'held' but did not legally own in today's sense. They also had to respect the open field system rights, when demanded, even when in practice the rights were not widely in use. Similarly each large landholding would consist of scattered patches, not consolidated farms.

J. E. A. Dawson, Scotland Re-Formed, 1488–1587 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007), , pp. 8–11. Most roads in the Lowlands were maintained by justices from a monetary levy on landholders and work levy on tenants. The development of national grain prices indicates the network had improved considerably by the early eighteenth century.

The Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad (Soo Line) later built a line from Valley City up to Canada. While initially their plan was to cross the Mouse River at Burlington, local interests and arguments convinced them otherwise; landholders along the new route donated the right-of-way. They reached Minot in 1893.

The Parliamentary Elections (Ireland) Act 1829 (10 Geo. IV, c. 8) which accompanied emancipation and received its Royal Assent on the same day, was the only major ‘security’ eventually required for it. This Act disenfranchised the minor landholders of Ireland, the so-called Forty Shilling Freeholders and raised fivefold the economic qualifications for voting.

The 1821 Census of Ireland spells the name as Gortnacashel and Gartacashel and states- Farm containing 100 acres of excellent land on which stands a chapel. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books spell the name as Gortacashel. The Gortacashel Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1838. Griffith's Valuation lists nine landholders in the townland.

Lewis is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States. The town was named for landholders Nathan, Sevignior, and Timothy Lewis. Although incorporated by the state, the town was never formally organized, since it never gained a sufficiently large permanent population. Since the 1910 census, the town has had a total population of zero.

Through the colonial British Raj period and into the 20th century, some Kolis remained significant landholders and tenants, although most had never been more than minor landowners and labourers. By this time, however, most Kolis had lost their once-equal standing with the Patidar community due to the land reforms of the Raj period.

Durack is named after Michael Durack, one of the original landholders of the area at Archerfield pastoral station. It was given this name in 1976 from a naming competition in a local newspaper. Brisbane Muslim School opened in Buranda in 2002. In 2005 the school moved to Durack and was renamed Australian International Islamic College.

An 1809 map of ecclesiastical lands in Templeport depicts Munlough South. The tenant on the land was Mr. Armstrong. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list twenty eight tithepayers in the townland The Munlough South Valuation Office Field books are available for December 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists two landholders in the townland.

It stands on the ruins of an old abbey and in the centre of a Danish fort which is used as a grave yard. There is likewise three other old forts through the townland. The Kilnavert Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1841. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland.

Haidar, Zirak and their supporters had to flee Gujarat. Mubarak Shah then appointed his father-in-law Malik Dinar Zafar Khan as the governor of Gujarat. The new governor compromised with the Hindu chiefs, and governed the province well. He collected a large sum of money from the chiefs and landholders of Gujarat, and sent it to Delhi.

There were eleven houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 50, being 25 males and 25 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were eight houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists 21 landholders in the townland. The townland remained in the ownership of the Tuite family down to the 20th century. A Chancery decree dated 30 June 1873 spells the name as Kildollan South. The book Hibernia Venatica by Maurice O'Connor Morris published in 1878 describes a fox hunt through Kildollan Gorse.

Knowledge of the Arabic alphabet is confined to religious leaders and men who have worked or studied in Arab countries. Alawites demonstrate considerable social mobility. Until the 1960s, they were bound to Sunni aghas (landholders) around Antakya and were poor. Alawites are prominent in the sectors of transportation and commerce and a large, professional middle class has emerged.

There were five houses in the townland, all were inhabited.Accounts and Papers of the House of Commons Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland.Griffith's Valuation on "Ask about Ireland" website In 1861 the population of the townland was 24, being 9 males and 15 females. There were five houses in the townland and all were inhabited.

There were nineteen houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 80, being 30 males and 50 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were fifteen houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty three landholders in the townland.

In 1851 the population of the townland was 44, being 19 males and 25 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were seven houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 46, being 20 males and 26 females.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list five tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- The soil is light and gravelly. The Legglass Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty landholders in the townland.

Seal of Baranamtarra, circa 2400 BC, Girsu/Tello, Louvre Museum. Baranamtarra was the Queen of Lagash during the 24th century BCE. In 2384 BCE, Baranamtarra and her husband, Lugalanda, seized power of Lagash, one of the oldest cities in Sumer. They became the largest landholders in the city, and Baranamtarra presided over a temple and several estates herself.

Representatives from plantations, commercial chambers, universities and landholders were given seats in the assembly. Education, local government, public health, public works, agriculture and cooperative societies were made "transferred subjects" to be administered by the elected representatives. The "reserved subjects" were to be administered by the Executive Council. Reserved subjects included finance, police, land revenue, law, justice and labour.

The Killyran Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty four landholders in the townland. In the Dúchas Folklore Collection is a description of Killyran in 1938 by Edna Gerty. A book about life in Killyran from 1929 to 1947, Water under the Railway Bridge by Bill Gerty, is viewable online.

Shawbury has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde, Shropshire, Shawbury, page 230, In the great book Shawbury is recorded by the name Sawesberie. The main landholders was Gerard from Earl Roger of Shrewsbury. The survey also mentions that there is church and a mill.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the townland name as Bellalinan. Lowther Kirkwood of Mullinagrave, parish of Templeport, Co. Cavan, gentleman made the following will\- The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list eighteen tithepayers in the townland. The Bellaleenan Valuation Office Field books are available for October 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland.

Smaller landholders, known as rancheros or ranchers, were the first genuine charros and they are credited as the inventors of the charreada. Prior to the Mexican Revolution, ranch work competitions were generally between haciendas. Before World War I, there was little difference between rodeo and charreada. Athletes from the United States, Mexico and Canada competed in all three countries.

In 1982 Anschutz sold an interest in it to Mobil Oil for $500 million. For several years, Anschutz was Colorado's sole billionaire. With his acquisition of land in other Western states, he became one of the 100 largest landholders in the United States. Anschutz then moved into railroads and telecommunications before venturing into the entertainment industry.

Briningham has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde,Norfolk page 187, Briningham, In the great book Briningham is recorded by the names Bruningaham, and Biringaham. The main landholders were Count Alan and Bishop William. The main tenant is said to be Roger Longwood.

Wormald, Court, Kirk, and Community, pp. 41–55. The average amount of land used by a husbandman in Scotland might have been .Barrow, Kingship and Unity, p. 18. Below the husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants were the cottars, who often shared rights to common pasture, occupied small portions of land and participated in joint farming as hired labour.

In this form of management, the community controls the land and every member of that community grazes livestock. This generally leads to overgrazing and degradation of the land. The second style of management is cooperative. This type of management originated from a movement that took land from large landholders and turned it over to council composed of workers.

Land would not be returned to the landholders more than the prevailing price. The builders will not be allowed to recover any money they paid to land owners as the deal was done to benefit them and "middlemen". The court said:"Nothing But Fraud": Supreme Court Scraps Haryana Land Deals Under BS Hooda Rule, NDTV, 13 March 2018.

More importantly, Bourke developed the western portion of North Bay after purchasing the interest of the Murray Brothers from Pembroke, who were large landholders in the new community. The land west of Klock Avenue (Algonquin Avenue) was known as the Murray block. Bourke Street is named after John Bourke. Murray Street is named after the Murrays.

There were seventeen houses in the townland, of which one was uninhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 75, being 40 males and 35 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were sixteen houses in the townland, of which two were uninhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-two landholders in the townland.

There were thirteen houses in the townland, all were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 75, being 32 males and 43 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were twelve houses in the townland, of which one was uninhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-three landholders in the townland.

Bodham has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde,Norfolk page 186, Bodham, In the great book Bodham is recorded by the names Bod(en)ham, and Botham. The main landholders Hugh de Montfort and Walter Giffard. The main tenant was said to be Ralph.

There were six houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 24 being 14 males and 10 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were four houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland.

Aerial view (1970) The first evidence of a human settlement near Auw are some Roman era cremation urn burials. The modern municipality of Auw is first mentioned in 924 as Houva. In 1306 it was mentioned as Owe. The major landholders in Auw were Muri and Engelberg Abbeys as well as the knightly family of Rüssegg.

The area of Newport News became part of Warwick River Shire, which became Warwick County in 1637. By 1810, the county seat was at Denbigh. For a short time in the late 19th century, the county seat was moved to Newport News. Early Warwick County and Elizabeth City consisted of farms and plantations granted to landholders and settlers.

Dudley set out to restore administrative efficiency and maintain public order to prevent renewed rebellion as seen in 1549.Hoak 1980 pp. 29–30 Equipped with a new law "for the punishment of unlawful assemblies",Loades 1996 p. 145 he built a united front of landholders and Privy Council, the government intervening locally at any sign of unrest.

Working on sugar plantations, in mines and in ranching, slaves who escaped migrated to the isolated Costa Chica region, where they found refuge. Spanish landholders gave them protection in return for cheap labor, mostly tending cattle and curing leather. Over time, there was significant interracial mixing among Europeans, indigenous and Africans. Colonial authorities required slaves to convert to Catholicism.

The major landholders in Safnern were the Counts of Neuchâtel-Nidau and Gottstatt Abbey. With the extinction of the Neuchâtel-Nidau line in 1375, Safnern came under Bernese control. It formed the Safnern Court within the bailiwick of Nidau until the 1798 French invasion. After which Safnern became part of the Büren district under the Helvetic Republic.

With the election of Abraham Lincoln as president, Pillow ultimately supported secession as the will of the majority in Tennessee. In addition to his law practice and management of the family farm, Pillow engaged in highly profitable land speculation. By 1860, he was one of the largest landholders in the South and possibly the wealthiest man in Tennessee.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. The landlord of Newtown in the 1850s was Robert Hutton. In Griffith's Valuation of 1857, Tircahan National School, Roll No. 7,769, is given as situated in Newtown townland, not in Tircahan townland, but the attached map shows it to be in the adjoining townland of Drumbar (Kinawley).

The town was not officially incorporated until 1870, on the third try. The first attempt to get Rock Hill incorporated was made in 1855. A petition, signed by major landholders and businessmen from the Rock Hill area, was presented to the General Assembly on October 19, 1855. No action on the matter was taken by the General Assembly.

Raja Rajeswara Sethupathi was the son of Bhaskara Sethupathy and father of politician Shanmugha Rajeswara Sethupathi and KasinathaDurai R(Ex.MP), Chidhambaranadha durai & Vijayaraghunadha durai. He was educated the Madura College and ascended the throne in 1903. Raja Rajeswara Sethupathi participated in the Delhi durbar of 1911 and served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council representing Southern Landholders.

Due to the size and condition of these remnants, they form good habitat and important refuge areas. The creek south of Richmond Road is highly modified (piped) and has few remaining natural values. The creek forms a valuable function for flood mitigation. Downstream of Richmond Road the adjoining landholders have had severe impacts on the creek.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists 3 landholders in the townland. The townland remained in the ownership of the Tuite family down to the 20th century. A Chancery decree dated 30 June 1873 spells the name as Kildollan North. The book Hibernia Venatica by Maurice O'Connor Morris published in 1878 describes a fox hunt through Kildollan Gorse.

In the 19th century, Becherbach was home to a small Jewish community. Its origins went back to the 18th century. Between 1782 and 1785, the municipal accounts name the families of David, Isaak and Salomon. Each of the Schutzjuden had to pay each year ten Rhenish guilders in Schutzgeld (literally “protection money”) to the lordly landholders.

In 2006, the Halifax Regional Municipality adopted a conceptual plan to turn the area into a regional park. The wilderness area, designated in 2009 from provincially owned lands, would form the heart of this park. Major private landholders include Susie Lake Developments, The Stevens Group, and the Annapolis Group. The current municipal zoning does not permit development.

Part of what facilitated the spread of the prickly pear was its utility. The plant was used by a variety of people: It has “been, at some time, of importance to white commercial farmers, farmworkers, African landholders and urban communities”.Beinart, W. and Wotshela, L., 2003. Prickly pear in the Eastern Cape since the 1950s-perspectives from interviews.

Inamdar is an Indian surname derived from the feudal title Inamdar, which was held by feudal landholders. The surname is found primarily in the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Gujarat and occurs amongst Hindus, Muslims, and various castes. Major Inamdar families are from the district of Mumbai, Solapur, Olpad, Satara, Gadag, Belgaum, Ahmednagar, Bijapur, Pune, Kolhapur, Beed.

Between 1870 and 1900 the black landowners' total acreage in Beech Settlement declined along with its population. Only twenty African American families remained by 1900; eighteen of them landholders who held a total of . Only six Beech residents held farms of or more, the remainder were farming a few acres or rented land from others.Vincent, pp. 119–21.

Following the Norman conquest, many of the Anglo-Saxon nobility were either exiled or had joined the ranks of the peasantry., p.1 It has been estimated that only about 8% of the land was under Anglo-Saxon control by 1087.p.248-249 In 1086, only four major Anglo-Saxon landholders still held their lands.

It is bounded on the north and south sides by two large streams which unite at the western extremity of the townland. The Corracleigh Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation The landlord of Corracleigh in the 19th century was William Blachford.

The Western Railway was a financial failure, and soon after it went into operation the government had to take it over from its bankrupt owners. Landholders in the railway district felt that the government take-over had changed the relationship between taxpayers and the railway, and that they were "morally exonerated from the principle of local taxation which they had endorsed when the district was polled in 1865. Since that period an entirely new principle had been adopted in the case of the Main Line Railway, and when they hesitated to pay their special rate, they acted on the conviction that it was the Government, and not they, who had broken faith." The landholders launched a tax resistance campaign, forcing the government to capitulate and rescind the tax.

There are 6 small Catholic houses in the city centre, 67 cottages in the suburbs, 39 building plots with gardens. 108 landholders and 52 yeomen live in the suburbs. There are 29 inns run by Jews in the city centre; 57 Jewish houses and cottages. The castle used to stand near the grange in the city neighbourhood on the Kamianka river.

1254 or 1258/9 – 1265 or 1267/8). Other family members are mentioned as landholders, mostly in the bandon (province) of Matzouka, south of Trebizond: Andronikos Gavras, probably in the 13th century; a George Gabras ca. 1344/5; Kosmas, a military leader (polemarchos) in the bandon of Matzouka ca. 1378; and Theodore Gabras in Gemora in the early 15th century.

A traditional Tutsi wrist guard (igitembe). In the Rwanda territory, from the 15th century until 1961, the Tutsi were ruled by a king (the mwami). Belgium abolished the monarchy, following the national referendum that led to independence. By contrast, in the northwestern part of the country (predominantly Hutu), large regional landholders shared power, similar to Buganda society (in what is now Uganda).

The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books spell the name as Ishveagh. The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- The soil is light, being reclaimed mountain, and the crops in general poor. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlord of Eshveagh was Leonard Dobbin.

It was built by H. E. Elliott of Armidale. It was typical of a nineteenth century large landholders home; but its multiple bedrooms and nurseries and servant accommodation and the smallness of its public rooms stressed its purpose of family comfort rather than an entertainment center. Unfortunately the F. J. White family grew with the birth of two more children.

Disturbance to the wetland areas from pest animals is mainly from pigs. Feral pigs cause damage by disturbing nesting birds, predation on frogs and aquatic species (e.g. mussels) and uprooting lakebed and riparian vegetation. Their role as a host or vector for diseases of cattle such as leptospirosis makes control of feral pigs particularly desirable for landholders and the wider community.

Wisłok Wielki (Vyslik Velykyi: Ukr.) was first mentioned, according to historical accounts, in 1361. In 1785 the village lands comprised . Reportedly at the time, there were 711 Eastern-rite Catholics. The historical record relates that in 1361 the brothers Peter and Paul, "from Hungary," as feudal landholders, "owned" Wisłok Wielki, along with Bukowsko and several other area villages (see Nowotaniec, Zboiska, Humniska etc.).

He represented several major landholders within the proposed boundaries of the park.Carlos Campbell, Birth of a National Park In the Great Smoky Mountains (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1969), p. 16. In 1924, Lindsay received the Republican nomination for United States Senator. While he ran a strong campaign, he was defeated by popular World War I general, Lawrence Tyson, 147,825 votes to 109,863.

The government owned large tracts of farmland (ager publicus) that it had gained through conquest or escheat (acquisition from owners who had died without heirs); this it rented out to large landholders who used their slaves to till it or who sub-leased it to small tenant farmers.Flower, pp. 90-91 There was some social mobility and limited suffrage.Flower, p.

Steele 1977, p.2 Despite his past experience, Baker was quickly found wanting in the management of the stores, specifically those for farmers near the settlement of Windsor. In 1798 the local grain harvest was too large to be receipted and stored in the Windsor storehouse, so Baker elected to fill that store solely with produce supplied by the region's three largest landholders.

John Thackray Bunce, History of the Corporation of Birmingham, 1878, vol.1., p. 19-20. In February 1793, Brooke was elected Coroner of the Country of Warwick by the County’s landholders. As a legal function, the coroner was responsible for selecting juries, holding inquests before these juries, and reporting to the court of the King’s Bench on all sudden or unexplained deaths.

Islisberg is first mentioned in 1185 as Nidolperhc. In 1305 it was mentioned as Isbolzberg. In the 13th Century it was a Habsburg bailiwick. The main landholders in the village were Muri Abbey, Frauenthal Abbey and the Monastery of St. Leodegar in Lucerne. In 1414 Bremgarten gained the right to low justice in the village, a right that it held until 1797.

Moreover, much of the land was sandy and unsuitable for agriculture. Many of the first selectors soon abandoned their land. Joseph Bancroft was one of the early landholders who retained ownership and gradually expanded his holdings at Deception Bay. Dr Joseph Bancroft Born and educated in England, Joseph had migrated to Queensland in 1864 and practised as a medical doctor in Brisbane.

The feudal landholders were until the French occupation in 1794 the Counts of Katzenelnbogen and the Landgraviate of Hesse. In 1815, Badenhard was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna. In 1908, the building of the local church was financed by a local woman. Since 1946, it has been part of the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

The duke later ascended to the English throne himself as King James II of England and also James VI of Scotland. By the mid-19th century, the descendants of these landholders were farmers attempting to make a living off the relatively poor sandy infertile land.Meehan, p. 19 The town was founded in 1873 as the Rehoboth Beach Camp Meeting Association by the Rev.

It was extended to the north by the addition of Section 54 on 6 August 2009. As of 2015, it covered an area of . The conservation park provides habitat for malleefowl, and local landholders are involved in active fox and rabbit control in the conservation park and nearby farmland. It is classified as an IUCN IUCN Category Ia protected area.

Hubert de Burgh was the son of Walter de Burgh of Burgh Castle, Norfolk, and his wife Alice. The family were minor landholders in Norfolk and Suffolk, from whom Hubert inherited at least four manors. His elder brother was William de Burgh (d. 1206), founder of the de Burgh/Burke/Bourke dynasty in Ireland,Almond's peerage of Ireland 1767 p.

There were five houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fourteen landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 22, being 15 males and 7 females. There were seven houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 32, being 18 males and 14 females.

There were five houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 31, being 19 males and 12 females. There were five houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 21, being 10 males and 11 females.

Those with property rights included husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants.R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , p. 82. Below them were the cottars, who often shared rights to common pasture, occupied small portions of land and participated in joint farming as hired labour. Farms also might have grassmen, who had rights only to grazing.

In 1851 the population of the townland was 49, being 21 males and 28 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were seven houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 38, being 19 males and 19 females.

Supreme Court cancelled this illegal acquisition and grant of land to the builders by Hooda's government. The land was returned to the Haryana government's HUDA/HSIDC.Manesar land scam: SC sets aside Hooda govt decision to drop land acquisition proceedings, Hindustan Times, 14 Mar 2018. Land would not be returned to the landholders as they already received more money than the prevailing price.

Lieven, Cambridge history of Russia, 2:391 On the right, the reactionary elements of the aristocracy strongly favored the large landholders, who however were slowly Selling their land to the peasants through the Peasant Bank. The October's party was a conservative force, with a base in many landowners and also businessmen. They accepted land reform but insisted that property owners be fully paid.

The tribe is also called variously as Bhuiya, Bhuiyan and Bhuinya.The word Bhuyan and its alternate spellings are possibly originated from Sanskrit word for earth, Bhumi and possibly mean "belonging to soil". The word bhuiyan is used in many different contexts and does not always refer to the tribe. Some other tribes and some non-tribal landholders also use Bhuyan as title.

Open fields divided among several tenants originally had the advantage of reducing risks by giving all farmers diverse soils and crops so no one faced famine when others prospered. But the system was inefficient. Poor farmers got as much land as good farmers. By the 18th century enclosures came in poorer regions where several landholders were more willing to sell land.

Fairbank, 95. Arguably the most influential factor shaping this new class was the competitive nature of scholarly candidates entering civil service through the imperial examinations.Ebrey, Cambridge Illustrated History of China, 145–146. Although not all scholar-officials came from the landholding class, sons of prominent landholders had better access to higher education, and thus greater ability to pass examinations for government service.

Supporters state that the local communities exist because of mining historically attracting workers to the area and that a new mine will lead to further employment in the local area along with statewide economic benefit. Environmental activists have utilised arguments against removing current landholders, potential loss of flora and fauna diversity and climate change to argue against the mines approval.

The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as Aughnacully. The 1836 Ordnance Survey Namebooks state- There is a hill in the east part of the townland called the Black Cairn and a ridge of rocks called Carrick-na-brock. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-two landholders in the townland. The landlord of Aghnacally in the 1850s was William Magee.

Other landholders include hunting and fishing clubs and conservation commissions. In 2000, East Mountain was included in a study by the National Park Service for the designation of a new National Scenic Trail now tentatively called the New England National Scenic Trail, which would include the Metacomet-Monadnock Trail in Massachusetts and the Mattabesett Trail and Metacomet Trail trails in Connecticut.

Each troop comprised 50 to 80 men, commanded by the person raising it. Commanders received a temporary rank ranging from Captain to Colonel, depending on the number of troops raised. Officers were generally appointed from among the nobility and gentry, and troops were largely recruited from landholders and tenant farmers. Members provided their own horses and were not paid except when called out.

Some wild pigs and wild dogs live in the park. The National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) staff conduct pig trapping and shooting programs. A ground- baiting program is run in conjunction with Forests NSW and private landholders to help control wild dogs. Crofton weed (Ageratina adenophora) and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) are the main weeds of concern in the park.

Whissonsett has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde, Norfolk page 196, Whissonsett, In the great book Whissonsett is recorded by the names Witcingkeseta. The main landholders being Roger Bigod with the main tenant being Ranulf Fitz Walter. The survey also mentions seven Beehives and ¼ of a Fishery.

Ruins of St. Raphael Church, South Glengarry When the regiment was disbanded in Glasgow in 1802, Rev. Macdonell appealed to the government to grant its members land in Canada. The government countered with a proposal for the recently acquired island of Trinidad, but Macdonell held fast. Influential lairds and landholders raised objections to "depopulating" the land, and the Emigration Act rigidly enforced.

The Kaxixó are an indigenous population, located mainly in the Martinho Campos as well as the Pompéu municipalities of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. There are approximately 480 Kaxixó, who are dispersed over a wide area around the Kaxixó aldeia (village). The Kaxixó mostly work as field hands and servants for landholders. The Kaxixó are currently not recognized by the Brazilian government.

The oldest existing houses in the village date from around this time. In 1570 coppicing enclosures drew complaints from Richard Leigh of Oakley (lord of Oakley). In 1586 Oakley had about 248 inhabitants in 56 households (22 landholders and 58 with small cottages within the Forest). These figures were drawn up by Hugh Cope of Oakley in his Court of the Exchequer return.

Sargent was one of the largest landholders in Gloucester. He served as a colonel of militia before the Revolutionary War and was a justice of the general session court for more than thirty years. In 1744, he was Gloucester's representative in the General Court of Massachusetts. In 1760, two years before his death, he had his portrait painted by John Singleton Copley.

FARC received most of its funding—which was estimated to average some US$300 million per year—from taxation of the illegal drug trade and other activities, ransom kidnappings, bank robberies, and extortion of large landholders, multinational corporations, and agribusiness. From taxation of illegal drugs and other economic activity, FARC was estimated to receive US$60–100 million per year.

Friedrich "Fritz" Wilhelm Schnitzler (16 December 1928 - 15 July 2011"Schnitzler, Friedrich Wilhelm", Landesbibliographie Baden-Württemberg online, retrieved 15 December 2014 .) was a German landowner and business manager, and also a local politician in the CDU, the founder of the agricultural association of the District of Reutlingen and co-founder of the landholders' association of Baden-Württemberg, and lobbyist in the state parliament.

In the Middle Ages Camignolo was part of the parish of Bironico and valley community of Valle Carvina. One of the major landholders in the village was the Como Cathedral. The village was home to the San Ambrogio castle by 1348. Very little is known about the castle, but it was probably destroyed by the Swiss Confederation in the 16th century.

The family was first mentioned in the 13th century, but no trace of their castle has been discovered. Eventually the village passed from the Büetigen family to St. Urban's Abbey and Frienisberg Abbey. Frienisberg Abbey gradually replaced all the other landholders in the village to become the sole landlord. However, in 1365 the Büetigen jurisdiction transferred to the Bernese Vogt in Aarberg.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list one hundred and forty five tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1827 In 1833 two people in Derrycassan were registered as a keeper of weapons- Thomas Bredin and William Lauder. The Derrycassan Valuation Office Field books are available for November 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists sixty eight landholders in the townland.

Hollander (2002:534—535); cf. Gade (2000:255). When word reached Svein and his mother Ælfgifu of Northampton that Tryggvi's invasion was imminent, they summoned the landholders of Hålogaland and the Trondheim district to join the royal army in resisting Tryggvi. The jarl Einar Thambarskelfir, angered by the policies of Cnut's government, remained at home and refused to fight for Svein.

It had no power to initiate legislation but could accept or reject the council's legislative proposal only. The two-house parliament assists the governor with his executive functions. Commentators believe that the Frame of 1682 was significantly influenced by Penn's supporters, primarily the earliest landholders in the colony. Little direct evidence suggested that they imposed a pressure upon the government constitution process.

The Government of India Act 1935/ Legislative council 1935 increased the number of enfranchised people. Approximately 30 million people, among them some women, gained voting rights. This number constituted one-sixth of Indian adults. The Act provided for a limited adult franchise based on property qualifications such as land ownership and rent, and therefore favored landholders and richer farmers in rural areas.

The 1836 Name Books refers to it as- This is a small arable spot containing 8 chains belonging to the townland of Cornaflin. It is in no way connected with Cornaflin being separated from it by Legnagrow and Cray. The Corneenflynn Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists fifteen landholders in the townland.

There were ten houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 57, being 29 males and 28 females. There were ten houses in the townland and one was uninhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 31, being 14 males and 17 females.

There were five houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 32, being 18 males and 14 females. There were six houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 53, being 27 males and 26 females.

The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- The townland belongs to Lord Annesly and is remarkable for being the spot where the Shannon river rises. The Derrylahan Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty landholders in the townland. In the 19th century the landlord of Derrylahan was the Annesley Estate.

He and his followers were not enthusiastic for this program. The agrarian law did not include state-funded collective farms, as the Socialists wanted, and was not enacted until late 1932. It was also clumsily written, and threatened many relatively small landholders more than the latifundists. The Azaña government also did very little to carry it out: only 12,000 families received land in the first two years.

After having lived on Banks Peninsula for some two years, Stevens returned to Christchurch. In 1861, he set himself up as a land agent, and represented absentee landholders. In April 1862, he joined forces with Richard J. S. Harman to set up Harman and Stevens, acting as land agents and financiers. Harman put Stevens in contact with James FitzGerald, the editor of The Press.

Catholic worship was deliberately low key, usually in the private houses of recusant landholders or in domestic buildings adapted for services. Surviving chapels from this period are generally austere and simply furnished. Typical worship consisted of a sermon, long vernacular prayers and an unsung Low Mass in Latin. Musical accompaniment was prohibited until the nineteenth century, when organs began to be introduced into chapels.

Thus, it does not seem that the English landholders were deprived of their properties to provide for land grants to the king's housecarls. On the other hand, some of Cnut's housecarls seem to have been quite prosperous; the Abbotsbury Abbey was founded either by one of them under the reign of Cnut himself, or by his wife under the reign of Edward the Confessor.

In 1851 the population of the townland was 122, being 64 males and 58 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were twenty-two houses in the townland, two of which were uninhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty eight landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 118, being 54 males and 64 females.

The majority of the properties involved were acquired through a land swap with the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), and the remaining were purchased from private landholders. In September, the building team for the stadium was released with 61% being minority-owned firms and most based in Birmingham. The official groundbreaking ceremony was held for the estimated $60 million stadium on February 2, 2012.

In 1783 Dodge bought Bar Island, which had been tenanted by small landholders attempting to live there. The island was clear of vegetation and remained so until the 20th century. The Emersons reached a peak in the 1730s when the estate came into the hands of the brothers, Nathaniel and Broster. An alcoholic, Broster squandered the assets of the business, forcing it into bankruptcy.

Urban programs also involve sectors of the community in health-related projects such as the Green Gym program, developed in the UK by BTCV. With the majority of CVA's offices located in regional Australia, a major focus of the organisation's work involves assisting individual landholders, Landcare groups and Catchment Management Authorities involved in land management programs; councils and shires; and all major National Parks agencies.

The most notable act of Peel's second ministry, however, was the one that would bring it down.Adelman, Peel and the Conservative Party: 1830–1850, 113–15. Peel moved against the landholders by repealing the Corn Laws, which supported agricultural revenues by restricting grain imports.Adelman, Peel and the Conservative Party: 1830–1850, vi. This radical break with Conservative protectionism was triggered by the Great Irish Famine (1845–1849).

Thomas Clagett, of the plantation known as Weston, was one of the largest landholders in the Marlboro area. Thomas Clagett purchased this tract, 822 acres of Bealls Chance, Green Spring, etc., in equity from the representatives of John E. Berry in 1831. Along with additional lands acquired at about the same time, Thomas Clagett created two plantations, The Cottage and Strawberry Hill, totaling approximately 1,000 acres.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-three landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 68, being 34 males and 34 females. There were fourteen houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In the 1901 census of Ireland, there are seven families listed in the townland, and in the 1911 census of Ireland there are eleven families listed in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twentyseven landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 88, being 46 males and 42 females. There were nineteen houses in the townland, of which two were uninhabited. In the 1901 census of Ireland, there are thirteen families listed in the townland, and in the 1911 census of Ireland, there are sixteen families listed in the townland.

In some regional areas a Facilitator acts as a conduit to bring together local conservation organisations, research bodies, government, government agencies, industry and other groups to assess biodiversity values in local areas, then helps landholders access funding and support. In other regional areas the focus is on conducting research in conjunction with academic institutions and relevant state government bodies, to help determine priorities for the region.

In the late twelfth century, the communities in the valleys in Raetia were generally small and independent. There were very few large landholders and no central authority. For years blood feuds and battles had raged between the Lords of Belmont, Werdenberg, Rhäzüns and the Bishop of Chur as well as minor nobles. The constant warfare had seriously damaged trade and transportation in the region.

The settlement was previously known as Norman Mouth and Kimberley. The toponym derives from the Kareldi native name, Kurumba, who were the indigenous landholders of this area before the onset of white colonization and expropriation.Norman Tindale,Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names, Australian National University 1974 p.174. This name was officially used for the township by the 1880s.

In the 1324 feodary, Raymond le Ercedekne, son of Richard, held the lands of Gavelmoy, in the barony of Galmoy. Galmoy was recorded in the Down Survey (1656), the 1840 Ordnance Survey Map and on Griffith's Valuation (1864). The main landholders in the barony were the Butlers. The Viscount Galmoye peers were descended from the 10th Earl of Ormond (see Piers Butler, 3rd Viscount Galmoye).

These and the lairds probably numbered about 10,000 by the seventeenth century and became what the government defined as heritors, on whom the financial and legal burdens of local government increasingly fell.J. E. A. Dawson, Scotland Re-Formed, 1488–1587 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007), , p. 331. Below the substantial landholders were those engaged in subsistence agriculture, who made up the majority of the working population.

A. Grant, "Late medieval foundations", in A. Grant and K. J. Stringer, eds, Uniting the Kingdom?: the Making of British History (London: Routledge, 1995), , p. 99. Those with property rights included husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants. By the early modern era in Lowland rural society, as in England, many young people, both male and female, left home to become domestic and agricultural servants.

Their monasteries became major landholders, particularly in the Borders. They were sheep farmers and producers of wool for the markets in Flanders. By the late Middle Ages, Melrose Abbey and the Earl of Douglas had about 15,000 sheep apiece, making them among the largest sheep farmers in Europe.K. Jillings, Scotland's Black Death: The Foul Death of the English (Stroud: Tempus, 2006), , pp. 69–73.

Although landholders were superior in status to castle folk, royal legislation did not treat castle warriors as full-fledged freemen.Zsoldos 1994, p. 715. For instance, a castle warrior who had departed from his lord was "regarded as a fugitive in the same way as a runaway serf" (Pál Engel). Nevertheless, they had the right to appeal to the monarch against the ispán they were serving.

Landholders through the village's history were the knightly family von Treis in the 13th century and the Lords of Reifenberg and Schönenberg about 1440. In 1420, Bertram Vogt von Vilwel and his wife Elsa von Reifenberg sold Count Palatine Stephan their one-half share in the Kumbd court. Later the same year, Eberhard von Schönenberg also transferred his one- half share to the Count Palatine.

Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The 1836 Ordnance survey Name books state- There is an ancient fort near the north side and a small lake on the north boundary. It is bounded by a large stream or river on the west and south sides. The Tullynacross Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland.

The name Binton probably derives from Bina’s Ton (or town), Bina being a former Anglo-Saxon owner of the village. Binton is unusual in that it has four entries in the Domesday Book of 1086. There were four major landholders named William, Gerin, Urso and Hugh. The total value of all their property was £8 and 10s, a lot of money at the time.

In Germany, unification brought to power the leading conservative of the nineteenth century, Otto von Bismarck, a member of the landholding Junker aristocracy.Robert M. Berdahl, "Conservative Politics and aristocratic landholders in Bismarckian Germany." Journal of Modern History (1972): 2–20. in JSTOR In order to secure the loyalty of the working classes to the ruling aristocracy, Bismarck introduced both universal male suffrage and the first welfare state.

There were six houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 27, being 16 males and 11 females. There were five houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 38, being 19 males and 19 females.

There were twenty-three houses in the townland and all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty-one landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 145, being 74 males and 71 females. There were twenty-three houses in the townland and all were inhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 141, being 75 males and 66 females.

Willows, now considered a major pest plant, were first planted around the Molonglo River area around the mid-19th century. The river and Jerrabomberra Creek went through intervals of flooding and drought, with severe flooding making parts of the river impassable. Drought reduced both bodies of water to a chain of disconnected ponds. Landholders began ringbarking trees around 1880 in an effort to address drought severity.

J. E. A. Dawson, Scotland Re-Formed, 1488–1587 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007), , p. 331. Lazy beds on Ensay, Outer Hebrides Below the substantial landholders were those engaged in subsistence agriculture, who made up the majority of the working population.A. Grant, "Late medieval foundations", in A. Grant and K. J. Stringer, eds, Uniting the Kingdom?: the Making of British History (London: Routledge, 1995), , p. 99.

In 1851 the population of the townland was 126, being 66 males and 60 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were twenty-five houses in the townland, of which one was uninhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirty-six landholders in the townland.Griffith’s Valuation 1857 In 1861 the population of the townland was 143, being 70 males and 73 females.

Then, the Margraves became the sole rulers of the Oberamt of Kirchberg and thereby Rohrbach's landholders. In October 1794, the village, along with all German lands on the Rhine’s left bank, passed to France. Administration then no longer came from Kirchberg, but rather from the Mairie (“Mayoralty”) of Gemünden. After Napoleonic times, the village was assigned in 1815 to Prussia, and more locally to the Rhine Province.

Benzenschwil is first mentioned in 1189 as Penziswile. In the Middle Ages, the major landholders included the Lords of Hünenberg (owner of the high and low justice rights) and the Frauenthal and Muri monasteries. The monasteries bought their rights in 1267 from Johannes von Schnabelburg. In 1394 the Merenschwand district, which included Benzenschwil, bought its freedom and placed itself under the city of Lucerne.

The act dealt mainly with pastoral lease land which had been severely affected by the Federation drought. It was really a relief act to assist landholders affected by the drought. Married women were given the right to hold a Grazing Homestead in their own right, after five years of the lease had elapsed. Section 29 provided for ringbarking to be defined as an improvement.

Some of the Zamora Districtwas once part of Rancho de Hardy-Rio de Jesus Maria Rancho, granted to Thomas Hardy by Governor Micheltorena on October 23, 1843. In 1870, Circuit Court decided in favor of "Landowner's League upon the Hardy Grant", an organization of local landholders. Many towns sprang up in Yolo County between 1868 and 1888, including Zamora , which was previously known as Black's.

The latter began to grow after a series of forest fires swept through the area in the 1800s clearing the forest and opening the land. The Katahdin Area Council, owners of the Camp Roosevelt, own two-thirds of the mountain. Private landholders own the rest of the land, with energy company Emera owning one acre on the summit of the mountain for a radio tower.

It has now been agreed that Netterfield, in consideration of sum of £276, is to assign the property to Magee. Noted that a memorial of the deed was entered at the Register Office, city of Dublin, on 9 May 1834, in book 9, number [21]. The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as Lugavegre. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-one landholders in the townland.

Neighbouring land with habitat is managed via cooperative agreements. Support neighbouring landholders to protect and manage adjoining ecological corridors. Ensure that no swimming occurs downstream of Protesters Falls at the park, so that high water quality remains for the threatened Fleays barred frog. Control and when possible eradicate weeds and replace with locally native species that would occur in the way of natural regeneration.

He mortgaged parts of his kingdom to the Arabs and the Rohillas. Smaller jagirdars (feudal landholders) also mortgaged their estates and as a result, these moneylenders controlled significant parts of the kingdom, including extensive parts of Bhir and Osmanabad districts. This made the zamindars (aristocrats) and the large jagirdars more arrogant. In Hingoli district, the Resident was forced to send troops to put down a rebellion.

A massive land seizure in the densely populated Gulf Country started in 1881, with 14 colonial landholders taking up stations that averaged some each. Within the following 3 decades an estimated 600 indigenous people were shot down to make way for the cattle and sheep pastured on these runs. A Church Mission was established at Ngukurr in 1908 to take in the remnants of decimated tribes.

Following the event, a political debate occurred when critics of Queensland Government's newly legislated tree clearing laws, questioned whether the strict laws made it harder for landholders to legally clear land before the fires broke out, contributing to a heavier fuel load and exacerbating the severity of the fires.Phelps, Mark (5 December 2018) Bushfires: When Qld government policy goes bad, Queensland Country Life, Australian Community Media.

The early ballads are also quite clear on Robin Hood's social status: he is a yeoman. While the precise meaning of this term changed over time, including free retainers of an aristocrat and small landholders, it always referred to commoners. The essence of it in the present context was "neither a knight nor a peasant or 'husbonde' but something in between".Dobson and Taylor, p. 34.

J. Wormald, Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), , pp. 41–55. Those with property rights included husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants. Below them were the cottars, who often shared rights to common pasture, occupied small portions of land and participated in joint farming as hired labour. Farms also might have grassmen, who had rights only to grazing.

The recognition of the legal concept of native title in the Mabo Decision in 1992 led its recognition by the legislative system a year later when the Keating government enacted the Native Title Act 1993.1993 (Cwlth) Native Title Act It attempted to clarify the legal position of landholders and the processes that must be followed for native title to be claimed, protected and recognised through the courts.

Greenwood Press, 2011, p. 1566. They consisted mainly of large landholders, industrialists, and managers of North American enterprises. Many Nicaraguan upper-class exiles had economic roots in the United States and in Miami before the upheaval. This phase of upper-class arrivals included exiled dictator Anastasio Somoza Debayle and his family, who owned homes in Miami and were among the richest people in Florida (ibid).

Landholders faced a great loss, but for ordinary men and women it was a windfall. The survivors of the plague found not only that the prices of food were cheaper but also that lands were more abundant, and many of them inherited property from their dead relatives. The spread of disease was significantly more rampant in areas of poverty. Epidemics ravaged cities, particularly children.

One of them, posing as Filemon, manages to get hold of the last contract piece, but is then electrocuted by Mortadelo. However, this move burns the contract fragment into a crisp, and since this particular piece was bearing Ali-Gusa-No's signature, the rest of the contract is rendered worthless. Thence, Mortadelo is forced to go off-planet to escape the wrath of the outraged ex-landholders.

The village is mentioned in the great survey of 1086 known as the Domesday book.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde,Norfolk page 191, Little Barningham, In the survey the village has the names of Bernincham and Berneswrde.The main landholders were The King, under the custody of Godric, William de Warenne and Bishop William. with the main tenant being Brant from Robert FitzCorbucion.

In the lower section Eleanor grants the land to Dale Abbey. The greater part of Dale Abbey's cartulary is made up of small grants. The estates thus formed were patchworks of land, relatively dense in some areas where granges were established, but generally interspersed by the holdings of other landholders, both secular and ecclesiastical. Frequently the abbey had to defend its holdings against the ambitions of others.

As their position became more tenuous, the landed proprietors gradually sold out their interests. In August 1845, seventeen large landholders announced that they were willing to sell. Later that year, Van Rensselaer agreed to sell his rights in the Helderberg townships. In 1848, his brother, William, who had inherited the "East Manor" in Rensselaer County, also sold out his rights in over 500 farms.

There were sixteen houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. A rare surviving page from the 1841 census of Ireland lists the household of Michael Bannon of Coologe In 1851 the population of the townland was 92, being 52 males and 40 females. There were fourteen houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists sixteen landholders in the townland.

North Barningham has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085 where its population, land ownership and productive resources were extensively detailed.The Domesday Book, England's Heritage, Then and Now, (Editor: Thomas Hinde), Norfolk, page 192, North Barningham, In the great book North Barningham is recorded by the name of Berningeham. The main landholders being Thorold from William de Warenne. Roger Bigot and Osferth from him.

110, Rafael Mata Olmo, Pequeña y gran propiedad en la depresión del Guadalquivir, Madrid 1987, , pp. 110-112 Though not comparable to grand Andalusian landholders,few of them owned an estate larger than 1,000 ha while Duque de Osuna, a typical case of grand Andalusian landowner, possessed some 8,000 ha, Mata 1987, p. 108 they soon assumed a leading role in the local agricultural regime.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list twenty nine tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Derryragh Valuation Office Field books are available for November 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland. A deed dated 20 July 1865 now in the Cavan Archives Service (ref P017/0077) is described as- A folktale about Derryragh in the 1600s is viewable online.

In his A Topographical Dictionary of Ireland published in 1837, Samuel Lewis (publisher) states- To the west of Swanlinbar rises the Bealbally mountains, through which is the Gap of Beal, the only entrance to Glangavlin. A local folktale occurred about 1838 in Bellavally. The Bellavally Upper Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-eight landholders in the townland. In the 19th century the landlords of Altnasheen were the Annesley and Hassard Estates. In 1875 the Hassard Estate was sold to William Carson of Dowra. An account of growing up in Altnasheen in the 1890s by Mrs. Kathleen Sheehan (nee McGovern) is given in the Ulster Folklife Journal, Volume 31, Page 53.

As the threat from the aboriginal clans decreased the soldiers were replaced by convict police, who established stations in the town and in the surrounding tiers and rivers; primarily as a means of controlling or capturing escaped convicts. The establishment and growth of Campbell Town as a police district headquarters and commercial centre paralleled the change in Van Diemen's Land agricultural economy from a peasant farming base to a more capital intensive land grant system. By 1836, a decade after its establishment, the Campbell Town district had already established its major landholders, free settlers who had displaced both indigenous people and any smaller colonial landholders, and had established cropping and pastoral holdings with a sheep population of 180,000. By the mid 1830s Campbell Town was a garrison town with a court house, gaol, Police magistrates' house, two hotels, two inns and emancipated men running stores and mechanics' shops.

The German blazon reads: Im geteilten Schild, oben in Rot ein silberner Pflug, unten in Gold ein blaugekrönter herschauender roter Löwe. The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per fess gules a plough argent and Or a lion passant guardant, tail forked, of the first armed, langued and crowned azure. The field tinctures gules and Or (red and gold) refer to the village's former landholders. Until the latter half of the 15th century, Hungenroth belonged to the Lordship of Schöneck, passing next as an unredeemed pledge to the Counts of Katzenelnbogen. Both landholders’ coats of arms bore the same two tinctures. The silver plough symbolizes the woodland clearing, which surely took place under the Schönecks, and which is mentioned in the last syllable of the municipality's name (the —roth ending stems from the same root as the German verb roden, meaning “clear”, with reference to woods).

During the colonial period of the 1800s, a number of landholders had secured large tracts of arable land in Australia. After the states federated in 1901 to form the Commonwealth of Australia, the Commonwealth's main source of revenue was derived from indirect customs and the excise on duties on locally manufactured and imported goods. The Labor Andrew Fisher government was elected at the 1910 federal election and was concerned about large swathes of the country being under-utilised. The government introduced the first federal tax laws – the Bank Notes Tax Act 1910, the Land Tax Act 1910 and the Land Tax Assessment Act 1910 – to break up the large estates. George McKay was appointed the first Commissioner of Land Taxation on 11 November 1910. The first tax return forms were issued on 10 January 1911 so that landholders could be assessed for their land tax liabilities.

The talati was supposed to live anywhere within these villages and was supposed to visit each village every month to understand people's needs. The talati then reported these needs to the sub-divisional manager in the sub-divisional office. Additionally, the Talati was also required to give each landholder an account showing the landholders dues. In August 1891 the pay of the talati is recorded as being poor.

The sejm was unicameral. Only Christian men subject to no other monarch but the king in personal union the grand duke and of at least 30 years of age were enfranchised to vote. For the nobility deputies, initially two, later four deputies held their seats due to privileges tied with other aristocratic status (heads of Grand Duchy magnate families), the rest were elected by landholders. The sejm had 48 deputies.

Illegal logging may occur from companies with no rights to the land or by legal landholders. Over-harvesting is an illegal practice often conducted by legal concession holder and encourages deforestation and illegal resources exportation. The areas logged are prime gorilla habitat and is considered an international concern. Companies involved in illegal exploitation therefore encourage environmental destruction in the area and fuel the illegal export industry controlled by militia groups.

There were eleven houses in the townland, of which one was uninhabited was inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 84, being 42 males and 42 females. There were fourteen houses in the townland of which one was uninhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 69, being 33 males and 36 females.

Seitō Morihide took her to distant Tsuruga by sea, to a village in what is now Fujisaki, Aomori. However, after years went by, Karaito Gozen feared that Hōjō Tokiyori had a change of heart and she committed suicide by throwing herself in a pond. Unable to face Tokiyori, Seitō Morihide decided to remain in Tsugaru. His descendants became great landholders, and Fujiwara Tadanaga was visiting sites connected with this legend.

Journal of Central European Affairs 20#4 (1961): 378–396. According to Robert M. Berdahl, this redirection illustrated "the slow and painful process by which the landed aristocracy adjusted to its new position in the capitalist 'class' system that had come to replace the precapitalist 'Estate' structure of Prussian society".Robert M. Berdahl, "Conservative Politics and aristocratic landholders in Bismarckian Germany." Journal of Modern History 44#1 (1972): 2–20.

About 1890 the Amuri was invaded by rabbits from Kaikoura and Blenheim in such numbers as to practically ruin the back country runs. Adams sustained very severe financial losses. Fighting the rabbits and the consequent financial depression compelled him to devote most of his time to farming matters and practically to retire from the law. Adams was one of the largest landholders in Marlborough and Canterbury with some 75,000 sheep.

Set mainly in ancient Ireland, the series covers four generations in the family of Sevenwaters, which enjoys a special relationship with the people of the Otherworld. As well as battles between the Irish Celts and the Britons, internal conflicts between neighbouring landholders are integral to the plots. However, all six books carry a strong romance element. All the books are narrated in the first person by young women of the family.

The scholarship fund has a cap of $60 million; $40 million had been contributed to the fund by November 2016. By November 2016, the Department of Interior had paid $900 million to individual landholders for the fair market value of their fractionated lands, and transferred an estimated 1.7 million acres to tribal reservations for communal use. As more reservations are participating in the program, the pace of buy back has increased.

The Vala are a Rajput clan found in the state of Gujarat in India. They claim to be the earliest Rajput settlers in Saurashtra, and are descendants of Shiladitya, the Valabhi ruler of Gujarat. After the overthrow of Valabhi, the Valas settled in the south western Saurashtra, which is known as Valak, after the clan. The Vala were overthrown by the Gohil Rajputs, and are now found as landholders.

After his victory in 1066, William the Conqueror seized virtually all land in England. Although he maintained absolute power over the land, he granted fiefs to landholders who served as stewards, paying fees and providing military services. During the Hundred Years War in the 14th century, Edward III used the Crown's right of purveyance for massive expropriations. Chapter 28 of Magna Carta required that immediate cash payment be made for expropriations.

He was born in Barton Blount, South Derbyshire, England, the son of a clergyman. He was a gold prospector and miner in Australia before becoming a bank assayer. In Otago he was also an assayer, before becoming the editor of the Lake Wakatip Mail newspaper in 1863. During his political career he worked for reform of the laws relating to gold mining and for labour law reform and small landholders.

34–36 The tenants on the manor did not have equal holdings of land. About one-half of adults living on a manor had no land at all and had to work for larger landholders for their livelihood. A survey of 104 13th-century manors in England found that, among the landholding tenants, 45 percent had less than . To survive, they also had to work for larger landowners.

33, available here he did not refrain from joining also those flavored with a Christian-democratic spirit, speaking at rallies organized by ACNDP.Pensamiento alaves 23.02.35, available here However, he seemed most committed to numerous associations of landholders, endangered by agrarian reform; appearing as president of Navarrese section of various nationwide Agrarian AssembliesPensamiento alaves 10.05.33, available here he was member of Confederación Española Patronal Agricola,El avisador numantino 26.04.

The original name of the island was Crainlyn after the Crain family. The Crain Family were the landholders of Grassy Key before being incorporated into Florida. Julius W Taylor was the first known person to advertise tourism to the Grassy Key area. He advertised to the Jacksonville area stating that 'if you were suffering from the Jacksonville heat, come to Grassy key where the ocean and Gulf breezes steadily blow'.

The party was hosted by Bihar Landholders' Association led by Maharaja of Darbhanga. The park is one of the oldest parks in the city of Patna. The name of the park was changed to Shaheed Veer Kunwar Singh Azadi Park after Kunwar Singh who was a notable leader during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The park used to be the location of Flower Shows in Patna for many years.

By 1731 it was owned by Stephen Blizard, and was still owned by Blizard's heirs in 1790. The heirs of Robert Maginley owned the island in 1921. Maginley and his three brothers were immigrants to Antigua from Ireland and eventually owned 4,500 acres making them the largest landholders on Antigua. A plantation was established on Green Island, very little evidence remains of the sugar mill on Green Island.

A mansus, sometimes anglicised as manse, was a unit of land assessment in medieval France, roughly equivalent of the hide. In the 9th century AD, it began to be used by Charlemagne to determine how many warriors would be provided: one for every three (later four) mansi, with smaller landholders collectively forming groups of three (later four). The mansus was also used to determine the amount of equipment expected.

Through these, and an active public life he voiced his passions for equal access to participation in government, support for small business owners and landholders;Tim Hogan. Resplendent lights of publicity and despicable journals: the early newspapers of the Port Phillip District. Latrobeana. Vol.10, No. 2, June 2011 ] and the rights to independence for Port Phillip and a “strenuous opponent of transportation to these shores.”Reminiscences of John Pascoe Fawkner.

Most of the members of the general administrative body of the water boards (the hoofdingelanden) are elected democratically, although some stakeholders (e.g. agrarian interests) may have the power to appoint members. Members of the general administrative body are elected for a period of four years. The constituencies of members of the general administrative body are the various categories of stakeholders: landholders, leaseholders, owners of buildings, companies and all residents.

Below them were the husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants that made up the majority of the working population.A. Grant, "Late medieval foundations", in A. Grant and K. J. Stringer, eds, Uniting the Kingdom?: the Making of British History (London: Routledge, 1995), , p. 99. Serfdom died out in Scotland in the fourteenth century, although through the system of courts baron landlords still exerted considerable control over their tenants.

Christian missionaries first came to Sierra Leone with the Portuguese in the 17th century. These missionaries wrote that Temne people and their king worshipped idols. The memoirs of Jesuit Barreira state that he had converted and baptized the first group in 1607. According to Vernon Dorjahn, early Christian missions were opposed by Temne elites because it insisted on monogamy, compared to the polygynous households of the Muslim chiefs and landholders.

The Mennonites bought the necessary land at an inflated price from the Argentine firm Casado, one of the largest landholders in the Chaco. 1743 settlers came to Paraguay from Canada in 1927. In the 1950s, there was an exodus back to Canada because of unfavourable living conditions and in response to the conservatism of the colony. In the past decade, Menno has had a rapidly developing economy and good public image.

In 1212, the church at Buliche had its first documentary mention. Beulich formed together with Morshausen a Vogtei, which was held in fief by the Lords of Boos von Waldeck. In the 14th century, there was a change in the feudal overlordship when it passed from the Counts of Sayn to the Electorate of Trier. In the 15th century, further feudal landholders cropped up alongside the family Boos von Waldeck.

Huebner was born on March 6, 1882 in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, on the shores of Lake Michigan. Raised on a 200-acre farm, his parents (Frederick and Wilhelmina) were major landholders and members of educated Wisconsin families. They instilled in him a strong belief in freedom, religion and in the value and power of education. They taught him to work hard and to be committed to the highest standards of personal integrity.

Just as in the cities, peasant revolutionaries seized land in the countryside and organized collective farms. According to professor Edward E. Malefakis, between half and two-thirds of all cultivated land in Republican Spain was seized. The targets were mainly small and medium landholders, since most of the large landholdings had fallen to the nationalists. However, historian Michael Seidman argues that while collectivisation was prominent, it was still a minority practice.

The landholders in Heyford prior to the Norman Conquest had been Aelid and Wulfstan. With the invasion of William the Conqueror the landholding was transferred to the Bishop of Bayeux, Gilbert of Ghent, and Robert, Count of Mortain, a half brother of King William. The Doomsday Book of 1086 recorded that 'Heiford' consisted of three hides and five virgates of cultivated land. This equates to about 500 acres.

They were landholders of big agricultural tracts in the region. After partition almost all Arain population migrated from Jalandhar to Faisalabad (formerly Lyallpur), Bahawalpur, Rawalpindi and Lahore districts of Pakistan. In the present day, Hinduism and Sikhism predominate as the main religions of the region. Before partition, the area had a sizeable Muslim majority, which led to the Muslim League hoping that the Jalandhar division would be allotted to Pakistan.

Elmwood Place is a historic farmstead in the southwestern corner of Union County, Ohio, United States. Located along State Route 161 near the community of Irwin, the farmstead comprises six different buildings spread out over an area of . In 1866, the property where Elmwood Place sits — then open fields — was purchased by James Fullington. One of Union County's most prominent landholders, Fullington soon began construction of the present farm buildings.

The first indication of human settlement near Besenbüren are paleo- and mesolithic items that were discovered in the Forenmoos. The modern municipality of Besenbüren is first mentioned in the Acta Murensia, which was first drawn up in 1160 but included a number of various older documents, as Besenbürren. The major landholders in the Middle Ages in Besenbüren were Muri and Engelberg Abbeys. Under the Habsburgs it belonged to the Muri district.

Although nobles, bourgeoisie, and wealthy landholders saw their revenues affected by the depression, the hardest-hit in this period were the working class and the peasants. While their tax burden to the state had generally decreased in this period, feudal and seigneurial dues had increased.Richard B. Du Boff, "Economic Thought in Revolutionary France, 1789-1792: The Question of Poverty and Unemployment." French Historical Studies 4#4 (1966): 434-451.

The Grahams took part in the Irish Rebellion of 1641 and after the war their lands were confiscated under the Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652. The 1821 Census of Ireland spells the name as Drumcullen and states- containing 47 acres of arable land & 5 thereof bog. The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as Drumcullin. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eight landholders in the townland.

The statehouse grounds were donated by four prominent Franklinton landholders to form the new state capitol. As the city's downtown began to empty in the mid-20th century, several buildings on the square were demolished. A construction boom downtown in the 1970s and 80s led to nearly all spaces being occupied again. The last large empty parcels, on 3rd Street, are aimed to be developed in the 2020s.

The hamlet of East Albany was part of the village of Greenbush. The second hamlet that would be incorporated was Bath (also Bath-on-Hudson), which was laid out in 1795 and incorporated as a village prior to 1874. Fort Crailo in HABS photo, c. 1940 The Van Rensselaer family, who were the feudal landholders of the entire future Rensselaer County built a residence in the future city of Rensselaer.

Swafield has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde,Norfolk page 194, Swafield, In the great book Swafield is recorded by the name Suafelda, Suaffelda and Suauelda,Domesday Book, A Complete Translation, Edited by Ann & Martin Williams, (2002). Penguin Classics. the main landholders being Bishop William and William d'Ecouis with the main tenant being Ranulf brother of Ilger.

The Down Survey map of Meath depicts it as Aghersken with several crosses beside the name, again indicating it was church land. The 1836 Ordnance Survey map also depicts part of the townland as Glebe land, again indicating it belonged to the church. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1829 (which spells it as 'Agherstown') list 16 tithepayers in the townland. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists 41 landholders in the townland.

Frecklington said the report failed to address key disaster prevention concerns, while Millar said it was unacceptable the report didn't make any recommendations relating to issues surrounding the alleged mismanagement of state-controlled land and the timely approval of fire permits. Littleproud said the state government needed to apologise to farmers as the report had found landholders couldn't clear appropriate fire breaks without breaking the government's vegetation management laws.

In 1119 Pope Callixtus II addressed letters to a group of Anglo-Norman landholders in the Welsh Marches, including Pain, accusing them of having appropriated the lands of the Diocese of Llandaff and ordering their return. Pain was among a group of nobles similarly accused by Pope Honorius II in 1128. Honorius once again ordered the nobles to restore to the Church lands they had confiscated.Davies Book of Llandaf p.

Tryggve the Pretender came with an army from England. He said he was the son of Olav Tryggvason and therefore claimed the kingdom as his own. When word reached Sveinn Alfífuson and Aelgifu that Tryggve's invasion was imminent, they summoned the landholders of Halogaland and the Trondheim district to join the royal army in resisting Tryggve. Svein Knutsson and his army, probably including elite Danish troops stood against them.

In the 1930s, the Alabama Chapter CPUSA began organizing the poverty stricken rural Black sharecroppers. As cotton prices plummeted after the first World War, planters were forced to reduce acreage. With rising debts, when the stock market collapsed and cotton prices reached an all time low, small landholders were forced into tenancy and tenant's conditions deteriorated even worse. In the South, the most common form of tenancy was sharecropping.

In 1705, the Palatine Lion was dropped from the seals when the Counts Palatine ceased to be landholders here and the Bishopric of Worms took over completely. The key stands for the Bishopric, but the meaning of the mullet (star shape) and the moon is less clear. Possible explanations include religious symbols or court symbols. An image of the municipal seal showing the current composition is known from 1753.

During 1999 and 2000, large scale willow infestation removal works were undertaken along the lower reaches of the Inglis River in the Flowerdale valley under the guidance of a Federal Government funding initiative. Poor remediation processes at the time, which involved removing the roots of the trees, has led to significant soil erosion and remains to be an issue for local agricultural landholders - more than a decade later.

Lafayette Inn, historical landmark on Main St. Stanardsville is named for Stanard family, landholders who surveyed the first lots for the town in 1794. In 1838, Greene County was created from land previously contained within Orange County and Stanardsville was selected as the county seat. The Greene County Courthouse, Beadles House, Octonia Stone, Powell-McMullan House, and Stanardsville Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Largely forced out by the Europeans, the few aboriginals who stayed in Crystal Rock traded handmade goods with the early settlers. Clay beads, bowls and pipes were commonly found scattered throughout the land. In the early 1800s, land at Crystal Rock was slowly doled out to disbanded Loyalists as grants. Early landholders cleared the lots of timber and shipped it to Montreal for profit with no intention of settlement.

These in turn "accepted in homage" their lessers who held even smaller parcels of land. Determining who owed what feudal incidences filled the court dockets for generations. With the passage of time, land tenures came to be inherited by the survivors of the great lords upon their deaths. Accompanying the Norman change in inheritance was a recognition of the ability of even the lowest of landholders the right of inheritance.

The law administered was Hindu and Muslim personal law and a modified Muslim criminal code. The higher ranks of the services were restricted to the British, thus depriving the Indians of any responsible office. As a whole, the system gave social and political stability to Bengal at the price of neglecting the rights of the lesser landholders and undertenants and of excluding Indians from any responsible share in the administration.

The main sources for Urse's life are English documents such as charters and writs which mention his activities. Often these are contained in collections of such documents, known as cartularies, which were assembled by monasteries and cathedral chapters to document their landholdings. Cartularies frequently contain documents from landholders surrounding a monastery,Coredon Dictionary of Medieval Terms and Phrases p. 61 which is the case with many of the documents mentioning Urse.

A lease dated 17 September 1816 John Enery of Bawnboy includes part of the lands of Carrick called the Upper Deer Park otherwise called the Deer Park. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list three tithepayers in the townland., and in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Carrick East Valuation Office Field books are available for November 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists five landholders in the townland.

With this growth, the group began looking to expand and do further conservation work. The first purchase of a sanctuary was made in 1960 and named Red Wing Acres. Further properties were obtained through persuasion with landholders, and by 1965, the group renamed itself to the Eastern Michigan Nature Association. Expansion into Northern Michigan led to the current name change of Michigan Nature Association (known as MNA) in 1970.

In 1252, Gamlen had its first documentary mention as Gammenheim in a donation document. In 1338, Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian granted Count Robert of Virneburg the right to appoint Schultheißen in Gaemyheim. The landholders in Gamlen in the 18th century were the Mayen Foundation, the Beilstein Monastery, the Barons of Gymnich, the Counts of Leyen and the Barons of Clodt. Beginning in 1794, Gamlen lay under French rule.

Robert Clive at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which marked the defeat of the last independent Nawab of Bengal Siraj-ud- Daulah The Impeachment of Warren Hastings Under Warren Hastings, the consolidation of British imperial rule over Bengal was solidified, with the conversion of a trade area into an occupied territory under a military-civil government, while the formation of a regularised system of legislation was brought in under John Shore. Acting through Lord Cornwallis, then Governor- General, he ascertained and defined the rights of the landholders over the soil. These landholders under the previous system had started, for the most part, as collectors of the revenues, and gradually acquired certain prescriptive rights as quasi-proprietors of the estates entrusted to them by the government. In 1793 Lord Cornwallis declared their rights perpetual, and gave over the land of Bengal to the previous quasi-proprietors or zamindars, on condition of the payment of a fixed land tax.

Partia Pracy () was a Polish political party active in the interwar period, created in 1925. The party was formed by politicians who had left Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" (PSL-Wyzwolenie) in protest of the PSL's support for land reform which would have broken up large landholders' estates without compensation. In 1926, the party supported Józef Piłsudski during the May Coup. In 1928 it became part of "Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government" (BBWR).

The information about stockbreeding is incorrect Since the early 1920s he engaged heavily in works of local agricultural organisations; formally they posed as representing all rural stakeholders, but were usually dominated by landholders and adhered to the Catholic social doctrine. The key one was Federación Católica Agrícola,El Adelanto 01.03.20, available here renamed later to Federación Católico-Agraria Salmantina; rising to its president, since 1921 Lamamié represented the organization in the provincial Cámara Agricola.

German election poster from 1919: Equal rights – equal duties! Women's suffrage is, by definition, the right of women to vote. This was the goal of the suffragists, who believed in using legal means, as well as the suffragettes, who used extremist measures. Short-lived suffrage equity was drafted into provisions of the State of New Jersey's first, 1776 Constitution, which extended the Right to Vote to unwed female landholders and black land owners.

On his father's death in 1153, he became heir to extensive estates. In France, these included the hereditary viscountcies of Avranches, Bessin, and Val de Vire, as well as the honours of St Sever and Briquessart. In England and Wales, there was the earldom of Chester with its associated honours. Together, they made him one of the most important Anglo-Norman landholders when he was declared of age in 1162 and took possession.

Most of the descriptions of the lower classes come from either law codes or writers from the upper classes.Wickham Inheritance of Rome p. 204 Landholding patterns in the West were not uniform; some areas had greatly fragmented landholding patterns, but in other areas large contiguous blocks of land were the norm. These differences allowed for a wide variety of peasant societies, some dominated by aristocratic landholders and others having a great deal of autonomy.

In an effort to meet the United States' policy objectives under the International Ramsar Convention and the national goal of no net loss of wetlands, a variety of policy instruments are utilized within and between the federal, state and local spheres as well as the private sector. Due to the fact that 70% of wetlands are located on private lands, cooperation between government agencies and landholders is a critical component of most policy implementation approaches.

It occupies lands that were the station and yards of the Ferrocarriles Nacionales de Mexico. In 1945, these lands were ceded by the company to a workers’ group in order to build housing. The colonia began as a low income and marginalized suburb of the city and eventually became working class. Much of landholders here did not hold official titles until relatively recently, due to efforts by Concepción Chon Castillo and Jesús Corona.

As trade moved away from river transport routes, Bourke's hold on the inland trade industry began to relax. Whilst no longer considered a trade centre, Bourke serves instead as a key service centre for the state's north western regions. In this semi-arid outback landscape, sheep farming along with some small irrigated cotton crops comprise the primary industry in the area today. Bourke's traditional landholders endured a similar fate to indigenous people across Australia.

The institution of knights was already well- established by the 10th century. While the knight was essentially a title denoting a military office, the term could also be used for positions of higher nobility such as landholders. The higher nobles grant the vassals their portions of land (fiefs) in return for their loyalty, protection, and service. The nobles also provided their knights with necessities, such as lodging, food, armour, weapons, horses, and money.

Hawaii is one of two states that were widely recognized independent nations prior to joining the United States. The Kingdom of Hawaii was sovereign from 1810 until 1893 when the monarchy was overthrown by resident American and European capitalists and landholders. Hawaii was an independent republic from 1894 until August 12, 1898, when it officially became a territory of the United States. Hawaii was admitted as a U.S. state on August 21, 1959.

The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the townland name as Kilagh. The 1825 Tithe Applotment Books list nine tithepayers in the townland. The Keilagh Valuation Office books are available for 1838. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland. On 13 November 1851 the following decision was made by the Incumbered Estates Court- The Chief Commissioner sat in the Court, Henrietta-street, Dublin, to-day, for the purpose of selling incumbered property.

Interests of the large landholders who had amassed enormous acreages through Government grants and personal fortunes were protected by the Society. The Society said that poor moral standards stood more in the way of agricultural success than lack of capital or decent land. The Society appeared to foster God-fearing beliefs but in fact its philosophy was economic rationalism. In 1824 the Society held its first show at Parramatta, which was a great success.

The muddled land history of the area prior to this is described in the 1838 Exchequer case, "Attorney General of Ireland v The Lord Primate". The Prospect Valuation Office Field books are available for September 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists seven landholders in the townland. There is a poem composed by Philip King of Prospect on the death of his sister Máire Nic Conraoi, entitled Máire Dheas Nic Conraoi (viewable online at JSTOR).Supplement.

There were eleven houses in the townland, all were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 50, being 20 males and 30 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were eleven houses in the townland, of which two were uninhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eleven landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 63, being 27 males and 36 females.

Until 1361, the northern branch of the family held the great Lordship of Bowland before it passed through marriage to the Duchy of Lancaster. They were also Barons of Pontefract and later Earls of Lincoln. The southern branch of the family became substantial landholders in the Lordship of Ireland and was linked to the Scottish royal family; Elizabeth de Burgh, great granddaughter of Walter de Lacy, married Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland.

Education reform included the establishment of the first ministry of education in Europe (the Commission of National Education). Taxation and the army underwent thorough reform, and central executive government was established as the Permanent Council. Landholders emancipated large numbers of peasants, although there was no official government decree. Polish cities and business enterprises, in decline for many decades, were revived by the influence of the Industrial Revolution, especially in mining and textiles.

During the High Middle Ages the major landholders in village included Regensberg, the Bishop of Constance, the Freiherr of Tegerfelden and the lords of Endingen. Starting in the 13th Century the village was under the Habsburgs. After the conquest of the Aargau in 1415 by the Swiss Confederation it was part of the high court of the bailiff of Baden. The low court rights lay with Sankt Blasien Abbey in the Black Forest.

Private landholders do not have equal access, however, to the inputs, services, and financing that would maximize their output. The Ministry of Agriculture of Azerbaijan runs procurement centers dispersed throughout the country for government purchase of most of the tobacco, cotton, tea, silk, and grapes that are produced. The Ministry of Grain and Bread Products runs similar operations that buy a major portion of grain production. Remaining crops are sold in the private sector.

The borough is mostly residential in the northern third and mostly rural, agricultural, and conservation area in the south. The major population centers are found in the lower elevations of the central section of the borough. For both environmental and economic reasons, ecotourism is an important aspect of the borough economy. The borough government has promoted this development over the past twenty years by encouraging major landholders to develop ecotourism parks and other measures.

Consular diptych of Strategius Apion The Apion family (, plural , Apiones) was a wealthy clan of landholders in Byzantine Egypt, especially in the Middle Egyptian nomes of Oxyrhynchus, Arsinoe and Heracleopolis Magna. Beginning as local aristocracy in the 5th century, it rose to great prominence in the 5th, 6th and early 7th centuries, when several successive heads of the family occupied high imperial offices, including the consulship. The family disappears after the Sasanian conquest of Egypt.

Their father was Lachlan McGillivray, a Scottish trader (of the Clan MacGillivray chief's lineage). He built trading posts among the Upper Towns of the Muscogee confederacy, whose members had formerly traded with French Louisiana. As a child, Alexander briefly lived in Augusta with his father on one of his plantations. By the time he was 12, his father owned several large plantations totalling over , making him one of the largest landholders in the colony.

In 1575, the Abbey of Saint-Hubert sold its holdings to Prince-Archbishop- Elector of Trier Jakob III of Eltz. Further landholders were, among others, the Collegiate Foundations of St. Paulin and St. Simeon in Trier, as well as Himmerod Abbey. The villagers earned their livelihood mainly from winegrowing, and as tenants they had to pay tithes and other levies.Schmitt: Chronik Weindorf Lieser 1988, S. 154–159 und 162, Weinzinsregister 1524 und 1638.

Cabral is professionally successful, for he finds an old survey of the contested land and registers the title in da Silveira's name. The Badaró family and its supporters retaliate by burning the registry office and all the records. They then hire Magalhães to do a survey for them, even though he knows nothing about surveying. This leads da Silveira to form alliances with other, smaller landholders and eventually emerge victorious after many battles.

One year after the recognition of the legal concept of native title in Mabo, the Keating Government formalised the recognition by legislation with the enactment by the Australian Parliament of the Native Title Act 1993.. The Act attempted to clarify the legal position of landholders and the processes to be followed for native title to be claimed, protected and recognised through the courts. The Act also established the National Native Title Tribunal.

In April 2009, the development was approved by council, despite objections that the development was a land use planning conflict. Final approval was granted for the development to proceed in March 2012, however upon hearing submissions from several parties representing the interests of the general aviation community the Joint Regional Planning Panel the approval was conditional on the basis that landholders are unable to object to ongoing aviation activities at the airport.

Rail line between Sins and Mühlau Aerial view (1953) The earliest evidence of human settlement in Mühlau is the remains of a Roman villa. The modern municipality of Mühlau is first mentioned in 1274 as Mulnowe. During the High and Late Middle Ages the major landholders in Mühlau were the Lords of Hünenberg, the Freie of Eschenbach and the Cistercian monastery at Eschenbach. From 1393/94 until 1803 it was part of the Merenschwand district.

The locality was named after Albert Henry (Shepherd) Wilson, (1845 to 1886), one of the earliest landholders in the area. Wilson was born in Shepton Mallet, Somerset, England, and he immigrated to New South Wales on the "Bolton" in 1853. He married Mary Cahill at Proston station on 8 June 1869 and they had two sons. He selected Portion 1120, Parish of Goomborian on 20 July 1878 which was granted on 1 March 1883.

In the same period, nobles and church authorities in Central Transylvania were concerned about protesting and revolting serfs. Hungarian and Romanian (Vlach) peasants were dissatisfied with high taxes and restrictions to their free movement. Scattered peasant protests turned into a serious revolt in 1437, when peasants and Hungarian nobles defeated the troops of the landholders. The Budai Nagy Antal Revolt was triggered by an attempt by the Bishop of Transylvania to collect taxes.

Inside the chronicles and treatises concerning agriculture in Hispania, the work of Cadizian Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella is remarkable. In his dozen books, he presented the characteristics of agriculture in his time (1st century AD), criticizing those defects that, in his understanding, ruined the industry, like the abandoning of the fields and the hoarding of land by the great landholders. In these books, he deals extensively with the cultivation of olives and grapevines.

In 1879 they helped found a new Stock Exchange with G. Dutton Green as its head, on land known as "King's timber yard" in Pirie Street; they hired Edmund W. Wright to design the new building. The company prospered, becoming major investors and landholders in their own right. Their properties included Canowie Station (in which for decades they acted as agents for the absentee owners and eventually held a partial ownership) and Marra Station.

But the actual size of the population might be as much as four or five times larger than this as the people listed are landholders, and therefore the Doomsday Book does not take their families into account. Tanshelf also had a church, a fishery and three mills. Archaeologists have discovered the remains of the church on The Booths in Pontefract, off North Baileygate, below the castle. The oldest grave dates from around 690.

In November 1824 Throsby was one of the 10 landholders and merchants submitted by Governor Brisbane to Earl Bathurst as suitable for appointment for a colonial council, and when the New South Wales Legislative Council was formed in December 1825, three of these were appointed, of whom Throsby was one. His standing in the community was very high and he was the owner of about and large and valuable herds of cattle.

His two older sisters were raped and murdered as children by white Bolivian landholders, while his younger brother Alberto died in the military service. The council of elders sent him to study in the city of Oruro to prepare him to lead his people. In accordance with his noble heritage, they gave him the indigenous name Ruphaj Katari. As a writer, Reinaga chose the pseudonym of Fausto Reinaga to express his admiration for Goethe's Faust.

Cantilupe appears to have been an exemplary bishop in both spiritual and secular affairs. His charities were large and his private life blameless. He was constantly visiting his diocese, correcting offenders and discharging other episcopal duties, and he compelled neighbouring landholders to restore estates which rightly belonged to the see of Hereford. Cantilupe has been lauded as the "Father of Modern Charity," and is cited as an inspiration by Mother Teresa and Melinda Gates.

PIRSA were involved, along with other agencies, in impact assessment of the damage done to many types of agricultural enterprises in South Australia by the December 2019 bushfires, in order to help with landholders' recovery from the fire. Advice on caring for stock, technical support and coordinating various types of assistance were given those who suffered losses from the fires, many of whom were located around Cudlee Creek and on Kangaroo Island.

The Raja of Poonch owned all the land in the jagir. The actual 'holders of land' were referred to as assamis (agents) of the Raja. In the 1930s, 40 percent of the earnings were collected as tax, amounting to Rs. 1 million. Whereas proprietary rights were granted to landholders elsewhere in Kashmir following the Glancy Commission recommendations in 1933, the Poonchis did not benefit from the reforms due to the jagir's autonomy.

In fact, in 1838, when Dwarkanath established the Landholders Society, Jaykrishna was elected as a member. An ardent social reformer and nationalist, Jaykrishna Mukherjee spearheaded the effort to establish a municipality in Uttarpara after the 1851 cholera epidemic there. As a result of his efforts, the Uttarpara Municipality was formed in the latter part of 1851. Jaykrishna also established many schools in Uttarpara, for both boys and girls, and the Uttarpara College.

Martinstein was, however, assigned in 1560 to the rural chapter of Glan, as was Simmern (Simmertal). Although the Lutheran faith was introduced in 1550 by the then village lords, a new Catholic parish arose as early as 1660. About 1555, great parts of the village belonged to the Knights of Hunolstein and the Lords of Sickingen. In 1660, the House of Leyen and the House of Ebersberg, called Weyers-Leyen, were landholders.

There were ten houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 46, being 23 males and 23 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were six houses in the townland, all inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In 1861 the population of the townland was 47, being 23 males and 24 females.

The place-name 'Seaton Delaval' was first attested as 'Seton de la Val' in 1270. 'Seaton' simply means 'sea town', referring to the village's nearness to the North Sea. The land was held by the Delaval family, who took their name from Laval in Maine in France. Their descendants are still major landholders in the area today, and the current Lord Hastings has the first name Delaval: he is Delaval Astley, 23rd Baron Hastings.

After Michael Palaiologos ascended the throne, in ca. 1261 he was dispatched to enrol the large landholders of Asia Minor into the imperial army and confiscate much of their property. At about the same time, he was also named Eparch of Constantinople. In 1269 he is attested as holding the post of general comptroller (megas logariastes) and the designation of oikeios of the emperor, advancing further to the post of first falconer (protohierakarios) by 1274.

The Geoghegan leaders, along with many more native landholders were mostly headed for exile and Connaught (where some of them reverted to their patronymic surname of O'Neill). The Geoghegan family had led a group of local Gaelic chieftains in a notable and powerful long term alliance. The 'Irish of Meath' included the O'Melaghlin (McLaughlin), O'Maolmhuidhe (Molloy), Kearney, Fox, Dalton and Brennan families. These native septs all suffered heavy property confiscation after the Confederate / Commonwealth Wars.

Under the Residence Act of 1790 (which established the District of Columbia), the Commissioners of the District of Columbia were given the power to oversee the establishment and operation of all public lands within the new federal reservation.National Capital Parks: A History. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, 2003. Another 301 parcels of land (known as "reservations") were purchased by the federal government from these landholders the same year, and turned into parkland.

The "Saxon myth" claimed that the old Saxon Witan originated in a representative assembly of English landholders. The claim was that the original assembly was then subsequently disbanded by the Norman invaders and later reappeared as the Parliament of England. This idea found believers across the Thirteen Colonies in North America in the years prior to the American Revolution (1776–1783). Among the believers were Americans including Thomas Jefferson and Jonathan Mayhew.

From the entrance to the Geiersgrundbach Valley to the boundary with Bad Laasphe, the difference in elevation is 190 m. The community has developed from one of small handicraft businesses and independent farmers to an industrial community nowadays, with two prefabricated house companies, one mechanical workshop and four service-sector businesses setting up shop here. Furthermore, there are four businesses using agricultural land, two of which are major landholders. All together, there are 129 registered jobs in the community.

Peasants were not only granted land but their militias also were given large supplies of arms. The peasants remained a powerful political force in Bolivia during all subsequent governments. However, in 1970 only 45% of peasant families had received title to land, although more land reform projects continued in the 1970s and 1980s. A 1996 Agrarian Reform Law (also ) increased protection for smallholdings and indigenous territories, but also protected absentee landholders who pay taxes from expropriation.

The 17th century saw more vineyards come under the control of the bourgeoisie as the church landholders began selling their lands to the wealthy from the nearby city of Dijon. In 1631, the Abbey of St-Vivant sold their holdings in the villages of Vosne-Romanée. The vineyard of Clos de Beze was sold by the Cathedral at Langres in 1651. Then in 1662, the Cistercians sold off all their vineyard holdings near the town of Fixin.

Most of the well-known saints from Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh were Deshastha Brahmins. Over the millennia, the Deshastha community of Maharashtra region produced Sanskrit scholars such as Bhavabhuti, and Advaita saints such as Dnyaneshwar, Samarth Ramdas and Eknath. The Deshastha community of the Karnataka region in the last millennium produced many Dvaita order philosophers and saints such as Jayatirtha, Sripadaraja and Purandara Dasa. Traditionally, Deshastha Brahmins as big landholders had enjoyed a higher ritual status in Maharashtra.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list nine tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- The soil is of a light blue gravelly nature...Lime can be procured in the bed of the river: it is used for manure by the tenants. The Garvalt Lower Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland.

Hunworth has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, England's Heritage, Then and Now, (Editor: Thomas Hinde), Norfolk, page 191, Hunworth, In the great book Edgefield is recorded by the name of Hunaworda, Huneworda or Huneworde . The parish is Kings land with main landholders being Alstan, who had been the pre- conquest holder, and his main tenant is said to be Ribald from count Alan and Walter Gifford. There is said to be 4½ Mills.

In 1296, John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, defeated John Comyn, Earl of Buchan, in the Battle of Dunbar. King John Balliol surrendered to King Edward I of England at Brechin on 10 July, and the Scottish landholders were made to acknowledge Edward's overlordship. In 1297, Moray initiated a revolt in northern Scotland and by the late summer, controlled Urquhart, Inverness, Elgin, Banff and Aberdeen. Wallace joined Moray in September near Dundee, and they marched to Stirling.

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. After the Acts of Union 1800 became law on 1 January 1801, the unreformed House of Commons was composed of 658 members, of whom 513 represented England and Wales. There were two types of constituencies; counties and boroughs. County members were supposed to represent landholders, while borough members were supposed to represent the mercantile and trading interests of the kingdom.Blackstone (1765), pp. 154–155.

Conquest can lead to land concentration if the conquerors confiscate land from the original owners. High interest rates or lack of access to credit can block poorer farmers from buying land, while debt can force them to sell to larger landholders. Historically, when land owning becomes less profitable, landowners sell and rural peasants have an opportunity to acquire land. Along with land reform, inheritance taxes and capital gains taxes have also led to the breakup of some estates.

Jerilderie Airport Prior to European settlement, the Jerilderie region was inhabited by the Jeithi Aborigines, and the name 'Jerilderie' is thought to derive from their word for 'reedy place'. The Jerilderie district originated with the gazettal of the final licences to landholders in the 1870s. Before this time annual licences were issued. The pioneers of that time established cattle stations and it was not until the 1860s that sheep were found better suited to the area.

The local economy relies mainly on agriculture with approximately four small shops within the village as of 2017. The agricultural economy relies on small subsistence farming by small landholders. Farming activity mainly relies on cash crops and is used to both generate small incomes as well as for the provision of food stuffs for the grower and the family. Animal husbandry is rare as of 2017 with only one or two individuals still owning large flocks of sheep.

Palmer commissioned Holabird and Roche to design her large winter home in Sarasota. Sketches for the house bear Martin's trademark signature. She soon would become one of the largest landholders in Florida and she also became renowned for her real estate developments and the introduction of revolutionary agricultural and ranching practices in Florida. At the age of forty-four, Martin came to the Sarasota area from Chicago to work for Palmer in the fall of 1910.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list six tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- Contains 351 acres, 319 of which are rough mountain pasture...lime stone can be procured but it is not quarried nor used in any way whatever. The Knockgorm Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland.

Despite a humble background, he was able to use his education to achieve high professional and social status. His marriage to the rich widow, Elizabeth Isham, may also have assisted him to acquire a large property portfolio, which in many instances he purchased from those who had obtained property following the dissolution of the monasteries.Rosewell, C.J. (2009), Rosewell: Landholders of Somerset, Devon and Wiltshire in the 16th and 17th Centuries, Somerset Heritage Centre, PAM 2975, 28 pp.

Edgefield has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, England's Heritage, Then and Now, (Editor: Thomas Hinde), Norfolk, page 189, Edgefield, In the great book Edgefield is recorded by the name of Edisfelda, the main landholders being Peter de Valognes and his main tenant, said to be Humphrey from Ranulf, brothers of Ilger. There is said to be a mill and 2 beehives. The village is described as being near the River Geet.

Major Archibald Innes (1800-1857) was a key figure in the development of Port Macquarie and the New England area. He was one of the largest and wealthiest landholders in NSW comparable to John Jamieson, Henry Dangar, Richard Jones and William Lawson. Glen Innes in northern NSW was named after him. His push to make Port Macquarie the coastal link for the New England region is a key factor in understanding the settlement of this region.

The Núñez de Arana families were small landholders of modest means. Beatriz knew how to read and write, an unusual thing at the time, which indicates she had at least some status. Most historians agree that the lower social status of Beatriz is the reason why Columbus never married her, as he aspired to a woman of higher degree to help benefit his ventures.History of Cordoba from its foundation to the death of Isabel the Catholic.

Barrow, Kingship and Unity: Scotland 1000–1306, p. 18. They would also have had a share of hay meadow and common pasture. Below the husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants, were the cottars, who often shared rights to common pasture, occupied small portions of land and participated in joint farming as hired labour. Farms also might have grassmen, who had rights only to grazing.R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , p. 82.

A part of the older trackway No. II dating to the period of the Roman Empire is on display at the permanent exhibition of the Archaeological Museum Hamburg in Harburg, Hamburg.Topic Mobility, Show case no. 80. Hellweg was the official and common name given to main travelling routes medieval trade route through Germany. Their breadth was decreed as an unimpeded passageway a lance's width, about three metres, which the landholders through which the Hellweg passed were required to maintain.

The 1665 census indicates a population of 13,000. German Ju-52 shot down at Dombås, April 1940 In 1670 to 1725, most of the royal property was sold off to pay for war debts, first to established property holders, but increasingly to peasant proprietors. A freeholders' era began and a new "upper class" of landholders was formed. Storofsa happened in 1789, and is the greatest flood recorded in the Gudbrand Valley; several farms were devastated, and many people died.

Voisin was born on 7 January 1903 in Dieppe, a coastal community in the Upper Normandy region of France. His parents were Albert Voisin and Marie Antoinette Morthe Legendre, well known farmers and landholders. He undertook his primary and secondary studies in Dieppe at the Jehan Ango school, beginning in 1910, and subsequently at the Lycée Louis-le- Grand in Paris. He undertook his military service with the French navy in 1923, graduating as a lieutenant.

Chitnavis was president of the Nagpur Municipality. He was appointed as a member of the Imperial Legislative Council in 1893 and represented the Landholders Constituency from the Central Provinces and Berar for several years. In 1902, he was chosen to represent the Central Provinces at the coronation in London of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra. He was Governor-appointed President of First and Second Legislative Council of Central Provinces and Berar during 1921-23 and 1923-1926.

Dicaearchus, who visited Tanagra in the time of Cassander, says that the city stood on a rugged and lofty height, and had a white chalky appearance. The houses are adorned with handsome porticoes and encaustic paintings. The surrounding country does not grow much corn, but produces the best wine in Boeotia. Dicaearchus adds that the inhabitants are wealthy but frugal, being for the most part landholders, not manufacturers; and he praises them for their justice, good faith, and hospitality.

Charles Douglas Symons, CB,MC, DD, MA, was the Chaplain General to the Forces during World War II and Honorary Chaplain to the King. In the late 1820s, Samuel Symons, a timber merchant and land agent of Wadebridge, built Doyden Castle, a truncated Gothic tower on Doyden Point near Port Quin to entertain his friends. Symons family descendants are still landholders in Cornwall, as for example of Trevathan Farm in St.Endellion, continuously worked by the family since 1857.

There were seven houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 39, being 23 males and 16 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were six houses in the townland, all were inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eight landholders in the townland. The 1861 Census states there were 7 houses in the townland with a total population of 29, 13 males and 16 females.

Parthian waterspout, 1st–2nd century AD. City-states of "some considerable size" existed in Parthia as early as the 1st millennium BC, "and not just from the time of the Achaemenids or Seleucids.". However, for the most part, society was rural, and dominated by large landholders with large numbers of serfs, slaves, and other indentured labor at their disposal. Communities with free peasants also existed. By Arsacid times, Parthian society was divided into the four classes (limited to freemen).

Based on feedback after the camp, changes to the working of these camps would be introduced. During the camps, the various stakeholders would meet with the land officials and discuss their issues. A list of claimants would be drawn up immediately after, and publicly verified in the presence of the landholders, who could then record their objections. Then, the names of the bargadars would be recorded on the spot, and all legal documents would be issued and distributed immediately.

Highlanders had been droving cattle on the hoof to the Lowlands since at least the sixteenth century. By the 1680s the trade had expanded to the larger English markets.K. Bowie, "New perspectives on pre-union Scotland" in T. M. Devine and J. Wormald, eds, The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), , p. 314. Cattle were crossed with larger Irish breeds and large parks were constructed by Galloway landholders to hold and fatten cattle.

Keddie, N. R., & Yann, R. Roots of Revolution. Yale University Press, 1981, p.66 Despite initially being kept secret, the agreement for the Tobacco Règie was eventually leaked and criticized through a series of articles published in late 1890 by a Persian newspaper in Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire. The agreement sparked unprecedented protest due to tobacco being a widely grown product within Iran that provided the livelihood for many landholders, shopkeepers, and exporters.

In Farnborough, Robert Armstrong, the former manager of the mill, gave employment to some of his former workers to tend his farms, and in the south, Paul Joske and other landholders leased them blocks to grow crops and raise their families. Many Islanders moved onto these blocks, and after Joske's death, the area was renamed Joskeleigh. The Islanders formed a close-knit community there. They lived in traditional thatched huts and survived by growing vegetables and selling them.

It closely resembled Soviet cooperatives in organization, although members were guaranteed a share of profits and membership was (nominally) completely voluntary. By 1947, only 3.8 percent of arable land had been collectivized. After the communists won the first postwar election and the peace was concluded in 1947, pressure on private landholders increased. Although most small farmers had joined collectives, by 1949, only 12 percent of arable land was under state control — mainly because the collectivization program alienated many peasants.

Para Wirra Conservation Park (formerly Para Wirra Recreation Park and Para Wirra National Park) is a protected area located in the foothills of the Mount Lofty Ranges in the northern end of the Adelaide metropolitan area in South Australia.Department of Environment & Natural Resources - Para Wirra Conservation Park Accessed 26 December 2015. The conservation park is part of a larger, block of contiguous native vegetation, the remainder of which is owned by PIRSA Forestry, SA Water and private landholders.

The hakura system was introduced to Darfur during the reign of Kuuru, the second sultan of the Keira dynasty. When the itinerant court finally settled down around El Fasher towards 1790, the land around the capital was gradually given out to courtiers through hawakir. In exchange these landholders were responsible for tax collection on their estates, which were the most heavily taxed in the country. The right to employ nomads as herders was sometimes granted to hakura holders.

By the time of his death in 1848, he owned , making him one of the largest landholders in East Tennessee. He was also one of the region's largest slaveholders, with 49 slaves, most of whom were split up among his children (Brabson's will emancipated only one elderly slave). One of Brabson's sons, Reese Bowen Brabson (1817-1863), moved to Chattanooga in 1848, and was elected to the U.S. Congress in 1858.Gary Jenkins, Reese Bowen Brabson.

Oil palm is a valuable economic crop and provides a source of employment. It allows small landholders to participate in the cash economy and often results in improvements to local infrastructure and greater access to services such as schools and health facilities. In some areas, the cultivation of oil palm has replaced traditional practices, often due to the higher income potential of palm oil. The modernisation of cultivation practices has led to issues including food insecurity.

Academic Josephine F. Milburn argues that socialist theories were introduced by immigrant workers with experience in the British labour movement. Their ideas were not widely accepted, however. The Liberal Government of New Zealand that was dominant 1891–1912 rejected socialism but it supported unions, and the government built the foundations of the country's welfare state in the 1890s and fought the large landholders. Milburn argues that governmental activism cannot be attributed to the influence of the small socialist movement.

Indeed, Muslim rulers had from a very early time confirmed the Kayasthas in their ancient role as landholders and political intermediaries. Bengali Kayasthas served as treasury officials and wazirs (government ministers) under Mughal rule. Political scientist U. A. B. Razia Akter Banu writes that, partly because of Muslim sultans' satisfaction with them as technocrats, many Bengali Kayasthas in the administration became zamindars and jagirdars. According to Abu al- Fazl, most of the Hindu zamindars in Bengal were Kayasthas.

The counties of northern Georgia Waterfalls that are located on private property and thus inaccessible to the public are described as such or are marked (NA). It is the visitor's responsibility to respect and honor the rights of private landholders. Those maps, coordinates, and descriptions presented here are meant only to provide approximate or relative locations. Numerous publications and online resources are available to those wishing to visit these sites, both by foot and by vehicle.

Surveys by RM King in 1877 showed the local name to be North Lake and both names were shown on plans. The lake is the northernmost of the chain of lakes lying between Mandurah and the Swan River. Early landholders in the area were G. Jarvis, Joseph Meller and the Dixon family. In the 1920s most of the area was taken up with dairy farms; however, a cattle-borne disease destroyed the dairy industry in the area.

In the Domesday Book of 1086,The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde, Norfolk page 182/183, Blakeney, Blakeney is recorded under the name Esnuterle (later, Snitterley); the main landholders are noted as Walter Gifford and William de Noyers. The settlement first appears under the name Blakeney in a document which dates from 1340. Around the same period Edward III’s wife, Queen Philippa is said to have dined on fish caught by Blakeney’s fishermen.

Provin Mountain is used for hiking, mountain biking, cross country skiing, hunting, and snowshoeing; many cliffs provide sweeping views of the rural countryside to the west and the urban landscape of metropolitan Springfield, Massachusetts to the east. Threats to Provin Mountain and its unique habitats include suburban sprawl and quarrying. Although the northern edge of the mountain lies within Robinson State Park, much of the mountain is located on private land. Other landholders include local municipalities and conservation commissions.

They were lost until 1890 when they were rediscovered at the library of Worcester College, Oxford, and subsequently published as part of the Clarke Papers. Cromwell and Ireton's main complaint about the Agreement was that it included terms for near universal male suffrage, which Ireton considered to be anarchy. Instead they suggested suffrage should be limited only to landholders. The Agitators, on the other hand, felt they deserved the rights in payment for their service during the war.

One of them, Mukunda Guin, was stabbed to death in September 1921. After the claimant moved to Calcutta in 1924, he also received recognition in local social circles. He joined the Bengal Landholders Association and became a director of Bengal Flotilla Service. He tried to use various official channels to argue his case until 1929, when he moved back to Dhaka and began to collect tenant's rents and tribute against his share of the 1/3 of the property.

90 peasant households, and by 1279, when 56 messuages and 20 cottages were recorded, c.275 probably resident landholders. Some 80 inhabitants paid tax in 1327 and 426 adults paid the poll tax in 1377. There were still 119 people assessed to the subsidy in 1524, and 105 households in 1563. Following subsequent growth from the 1570s, numbers may have ranged between 400 and 450 in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, increasing again from the 1620s.

When the Company sold its land to different purchasers, it reserved the mineral rights to itself. In 1919, the Company issued quit claims on such claims, vesting the mineral rights to the Crown. As a consequence, the Legislative Assembly of Ontario passed legislation in 1922 and 1923 authorizing the grant of such rights to landholders at a set price. By 1938, the Canada Company held just over of unsold land, while the company shares were valued at 10 shillings.

One of the eight initial provinces of the Dominicans was set up in Hungary. Friar Paulus Hungarus, who had taught Roman law at the university of Bologna, returned to his homeland to found the first Dominican priories in 1221. The Franciscans came to Hungary in 1229. AndrewII made generous grants to the aristocrats, threatening the social position of the royal servants and castle warriors (small landholders who had been directly subject to the monarch or his officials).

In 1799, the 5th Duke of Rutland married Lady Elizabeth Howard. The new Duchess of Rutland soon chose architect James Wyatt to rebuild the castle in the romantic Gothic Revival style. The Duke, one of the wealthiest landholders in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, sold seven assorted villages and their surrounding lands to fund the massive project. The project was nearing completion when, on 26 October 1816, it was almost destroyed by a fire.

Nandan Kathai is a quest for liberation of Dalits and women alike. Unlike earlier narratives, Indira's tale is devoid of miracles and is a story of how Nandanar falls prey to a conspiracy. The Vediyar-priest, the Vediyar-landlord and the two non-Brahmin upper caste landholders, hatch a plot to end Nandan. They make Nandanar believe that God harvested crop from the field, an allusion to the miracle of Vediyar's impossible task in Bharati's work.

Barnhart and Riker, pp. 267–70.Madison, p. 32. In 1803, when the Indiana Territory was formed from the remaining Northwest Territory after Ohio attained statehood, the requirement for proceeding to the second or semi-legislative phase of territorial government was modified. Instead of requiring the territory's population to reach 5,000 free adult males, the second phase could be initiated when the majority of territory's free landholders informed the territorial governor that they wanted to do so.

The British restored the Miskito Reserve in July, but Nicaraguan forces reoccupied in August 1894 and ended its independence. Various major American fruit companies, which had begun large-scale production of bananas in the Miskito reserve, supported Nicaragua's takeover of power in the area. The American companies preferred Nicaraguan authority to the Miskito, especially as the Miskito elite was more prepared to protect the rights of small landholders than was the Nicaragua government.Gabbert, "Shadow of Empire," pp. 52–53.

In March 1912, Kennedy was appointed as the first chairman of the Scottish Land Court, with the rank of a Lord of Session and the judicial title of Lord Kennedy. The Land Court was established under the Small Landholders (Scotland) Act 1911. Some of its duties had been transferred from the Crofters Commission. The court regarded with great suspicion by landowners, because the 1911 Act had extended of security of tenure to tenant farmers in all of Scotland.

Maynard's house in West Seattle. Doc Maynard was known as a friend to the Indians; when Washington became a territory in 1853 Doc Maynard was appointed as the man in charge of Indian relations. During the Seattle Indian war Doc Maynard protected the natives and ensured that they did not starve. Although Maynard was originally one of the city's largest landholders and strongest boosters, he is considered not to have prospered as well as his contemporaries.

Rütschelen is first mentioned in 1273 as Ruschole. Rütschelen ruled by the Counts of Kyburg, though St. Urban's Abbey and the Thunstetten Commandery were also important landholders. In 1385, the low court was pledged to the Rohrmoos and Mattstetten families, former Kyburg Ministerialis (unfree knights in the service of a feudal overlord) families. However, in the following decades they were forced, in turn, to pledge the low court to the town of Burgdorf in 1394 and 1402.

Tithe Applotment Books 1827 In 1833 one person in Lissanover was registered as a keeper of weapons- John Roycroft. The Ordnance survey Namebooks for 1836 state- There is a gentleman's seat near the centre of the townland with a large orchard garden...it was formerly a place of great repute and the family seat of the Magaurans. The Lissanover Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1841. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland.

The remains of a Royal Canadian Air Force DC-3 Dakota crashed on 19 January 1946. The activity dates to post-World War II Europe when, after the conflict, numerous aircraft wrecks studded the countryside. Many times, memorials to those involved in the crashes were put together by individuals, families, landholders, or communities. B-17 turbocharger, crash debris Crash sites vary in size and content; some may have fuselages, engines, and thousands of parts and debris.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list eight tithepayers in the townland. and , in the Tithe Applotment Books 1827 The Tonyrevan Valuation Office Field books are available for 1839-1840. On 4 November 1844 a party of armed men attacked the house of Thomas Hayes of Tonyraven, from which they carried off a sword and swore him not to inform the Magistrates of the compliment paid him. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland.

A Scottish Lowland farm from John Slezer's Prospect of Dunfermline, published in the Theatrum Scotiae, 1693 As feudal distinctions declined in the early modern era, the barons and tenants-in-chief merged to form a new identifiable group, the lairds.R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , p. 79. With the substantial landholders of the yeomen,R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , p. 80.

Colegio San José alumni The Manglano family was first noted in the 14th century, related to Alcarria;Fernando de Alos y Merry del Val, Eduardo Garcia-Menacho y Osset, Los Manglano, [in:] Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heraldica y Genealogia 9 (2006), p. 8 they grew to major Castilian landholders in the 16th and 17th century.Alos, Garcia-Menacho 2006, pp. 8-9 In the mid-18th century its branch settled in Levante;Alos, Garcia-Menacho 2006, p.

His charges were mainly Irish convicts assigned to the landholders, and he rode hundreds of miles a month to serve them. After repeated incidents of coercion he was instrumental in establishing the convicts' right to freedom of worship.C. Fowler, Anti- Catholic polemic at the origins of Australia's first Catholic newspaper, Journal of the Australian Catholic Historical Society 37 (2), 147–160. He was in touch with the Aboriginals and ministered to the French Canadian prisoners at Longbottom.

J. Wormald, Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), , pp. 41–55. Those with property rights included husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants. Below them were the cottars, who often shared rights to common pasture, occupied small portions of land and participated in joint farming as hired labour. Farms also might have grassmen, who had rights only to grazing.R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , p. 82.

Parliament had evolved from the king's baronial court, with the commons being populated by representatives of the landholders who were too minor to call in person. Burghs were somewhat outside the feudal system, making their franchise ambiguous. Before the mid 19th century, burghs varied in their choice of franchise. In some burghs, the franchise was set at scot and lot; that is, people were only permitted to vote if they were liable for the local levies.

As a result, landholders were unsupervised or they reported to corrupt and indolent officials. The result was that revenues were extracted without regard for future income or local welfare. Following the devastating famine of 1770, which was partially caused by this short-sightedness, Company officials in Calcutta better understood the importance of oversight of revenue officials. They failed to consider the question of incentivisation; hence Warren Hastings, then governor-general, introduced a system of five-yearly inspections and temporary tax farmers.

The de-watering of the Walloon Coal Measures has been raised as a concern by landholders, as stock water bores drilled into the coal seams can be affected by reduced water flows or gas. Under Queensland law, gas companies are required to "make good" if there is an impairment on a landholder's bore. The Walloon Coal Measures are hydraulically connected to the aquifers of the Great Artesian Basin (within the Surat Basin) and in some locations immediately underlies the Condamine Alluvium.

Volantis is a port on the southern coast of Essos, and is the oldest and proudest of the Free Cities. A fortification known as the Black Wall protects the oldest parts of the city. The city is ruled by three triarchs, who are elected every year by free landholders of Volantis, and defended by slave soldiers called the "Tiger cloaks". Volantis is incredibly important to the slave market, and in the city there are five slaves to every free man.

After gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California in 1848, a massive migration flooded the state, sparking the Gold Rush. By 1852, the population of California had grown from 8,000 in 1848 to 260,000. These gold miners were largely landless and asserted ownership over California lands. The California Land Act of 1851, also known as the Gwin Act, after California senator William M. Gwin, created a Presidentially-appointed commission to settle disputed claims between the landholders and Anglo miners.

Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Gowlat Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists eleven landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation The Police Gazette states that- on the night of 29 March 1863, the following were stolen from the lands of Dolan, Gowlat, parish of Templeport, and barony of Tullyhaw, (a) A wether, one year old. (b) A ewe, one year old; both speckled black about the head; in good condition and value for £2 10s.

Ruler of the Benares State in 1870s By the 16th century, the Bhumihars controlled vast stretches of land in eastern India, particularly in north Bihar. By the late eighteenth century, along with Bihari Rajputs, they had established themselves as the most prominent landholders of the region. Oral legends suggest that along with Muslims and Rajputs, they displaced the Bhar and Chero natives of the region. The weakening of the Mughal suzerainty over the region gave rise to several small Bhumihar states.

The ruins of Melrose Abbey, which became one of the major exporters of Scottish wool New monastic orders such as the Cistercians introduced into Scotland in this period became major landholders, particularly in the Borders. They were significant sheep farmers and producers of wool for the markets in Flanders.S. M. Foster, "The topography of peoples lives: geography to 1314", in I. Brown, ed., The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature: From Columba to the Union, until 1707 (Edinburgh University Press, 2007), , p. 47.

During the , French baronies were very much like Scottish ones. Feudal landholders who possessed a barony were entitled to style themselves if they were nobles; a (commoner) could only be a (lord of the barony). These baronies could be sold freely until 1789 when feudal law was abolished. The title of baron was assumed as a by many nobles, whether members of the Nobles of the Robe or cadets of Nobles of the Sword who held no title in their own right.

Part of the Waubra Wind Farm The Ballarat region has a rapidly growing renewable energy industry, in particular due to its abundant wind energy, attracting significant investment and generating revenue for local landholders and local councils. The region is also a source of bountiful geothermal energy, solar power and biomass although to date, only its wind, solar and hydroelectricity has been harvested commercially. All local commercially produced electricity is sent to the National Electricity Market. Wind energy is generated by local wind farms.

J. Wormald, Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), , pp. 51–2. These and the lairds probably numbered about 10,000 by the seventeenth century and became what the government defined as heritors, on whom the financial and legal burdens of local government increasingly fell.J. E. A. Dawson, Scotland Re- Formed, 1488–1587 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007), , p. 331. Below the substantial landholders were those engaged in subsistence agriculture, who made up the majority of the working population.

Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- There is limestone and freestone in abundance in every part of the land but they are not quarried nor used for any purpose whatever. There is several good stone houses and a corn kiln on the east boundary of the townland. The Legatraghta Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland.

As influential Bengali businessman M. A. Ispahani testified, "...the Bengal cultivator, [even] before the war, had three months of feasting, five months of subsistence diet and four months of starvation". Moreover, if a labourer did not possess goods recoverable as cash, such as seed or cattle for ploughing, he would go into debt. Particularly during poor crops, smallholders fell into cycles of debt, often eventually forfeiting land to creditors. Small landholders and sharecroppers acquired debts swollen by usurious rates of interest.

Andrew II was strongly influenced by his wife, Gertrude of Merania. She openly expressed her preference for her German compatriots, which led to her assassination by a group of local lords in 1213. A new uprising broke out while the king was in the Holy Land on his crusade in 1217 and 1218. Finally, a movement of the royal servants, who were actually free landholders directly subordinated to the sovereign, obliged Andrew II to issue his Golden Bull in 1222.

These were less rigorously enforced than in England, where the taking of wood and game were strictly forbidden, and all royal forests were on land already in the king's hands.A. D. M. Barrell, Medieval Scotland (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), , p. 36. The introduction of new monastic orders such as the Cistercians in this period also brought innovations in agriculture. Particularly in the Borders, their monasteries became major landholders, sheep farmers and producers of wool for the markets in Flanders.

Other protected areas include Barmah National Park, Gundabooka National Park, Murrumbidgee Valley National Park, Oolambeyan National Park, and Willandra National Park. There are small areas of parkland elsewhere and plans to create more,Hodgkins, D., D. Goldney, G. Watson, and G. Tyson. 2000. The attitudes of landholders to a range of environmental issues, including the values of remnant bushland in the central western region of New South Wales. Pages 336–350 in R. J. Hobbs and C. J. Yates, editors.

Nevertheless, many castle warriors were granted nobility by the monarchs in order to "remove the 'stain of ignobility' which was attached to castle service" (Martyn Rady).Rady 2000, p. 81. Even castle warriors living in castle districts distributed to private landholders could receive special collective liberties, although they were never granted "true nobility". For instance, the "noble iobaigiones of Turopolje" in Zagreb county were granted the right to elect their own judges, a right which they preserved until the 19th century.

He was elected a director and served as president of the Rhinelander Real Estate Company, one of the largest landholders in New York City, rivaling the Astor, Goelet, and Stuyvesant families. Upon his father's death in 1908, the entire was estate left to his mother. Upon her death in 1914, T.J. and his younger brother inherited all of her $2,000,000 estate, with their elder brother receiving just $1,000 due to his brother's marriage to a chambermaid employed by the family.

In July 1859 the Armidale gaol was proclaimed, in the following year a tender was called for the construction and the facility received its first prisoners in 1863. The gaol served the northern tablelands as the major prison until it was disestablished in 1920. The gaol was allowed to fall into disrepair until the mid-1920s when the Government examined the possibility of housing sexual offenders in the facilities. This led to panic amongst nearby landholders, many of whom sold their properties.

Williams, The English and Norman Conquest, p. 92. If so, Eadric (the Wild) would belong to the same generation as his cousin Siward son of Æthelgar, who was himself a grandson of Eadric Streona. Because Eadric's name is a common one in pre-Conquest England, identification with any of the landholders of this name listed in Domesday Book remains a ticklish affair. Nevertheless, it would seem that he held extensively in Shropshire and also held roughly 12 hides in Herefordshire.

In 1841 he published The Question of Questions! or, Is this Colony to be transformed into a Province of Popedom? A Letter to the Protestant Landholders of New South Wales, and in 1847 he followed up with, Popery in Australia and the Southern Hemisphere: and How to Check it Effectually: An Address to Evangelical and Influential Protestants of all Denominations in Great Britain and Ireland. He strongly opposed Caroline Chisholm's campaign to sponsor the immigration of single Irish Catholic women to Australia.

Declaring that the holders of perpetual leases were in reality freeholders, the Court of Appeals outlawed the "quarter sales," i.e., the requirement in many leases that a tenant who disposed of his farm should pay one-fourth of the money to the landlord. Assailed by a concerted conspiracy not to pay rent and harassed by taxes and investigations of the Attorney General, the landed proprietors gradually sold out their interests. In August 1845, seventeen large landholders announced that they were willing to sell.

Wilberforce developed as an area of small farms with few large landholders.Hubert, Conservation Plan, 17 Situated on the northern bank of the Hawkesbury River with more difficult access, it did not attract the attention of large landholders. A community with a sizeable representation of freed convicts emerged and was maintained over the years as their families grew. An early burial ground was located at Portland Head, later known as Ebenezer and may have been in operation as early as 1810.

More than a third of the Katkari hamlets in Raigad and Thane districts are on private lands outside of caste (Hindu) villages. In recent years, rising land values near India’s booming financial capital have prompted landowners to sell their land to developers, putting the Katkari at increased risk of eviction. Entire communities have been surrounded by barbed wire fences as landholders attempt to intimidate residents into moving to other locations. In some cases, houses have been leveled and families forced to move.

In May 2011, it was announced that the town would be moved to higher ground to prevent future damaging floods. A 935-acre site was purchased so that landholders could be provided a voluntary swap of equivalent-sized blocks. The new site is situated on a hill overlooking Grantham and has permission from the state government to bypass the normal development approval process. Resident of nearby Murphys Creek, Postmans Ridge, Withcott and Helidon have been included in the fast- tracked plan.

While this policy was not adopted, the Company did establish a more universal currency based on the sicca rupee to restrain the power of the shroff moneylenders. Later when the Company had increased its power and influence in the subcontinent it started acting as a government. In 1793, Lord Cornwallis abolished the right of local landholders to collect dues on trade which cut back on the feudal powers of the princes, limiting their martial strength and turning them into landlords.

For the time being, Chattar Singh was unable to leave Hazara, as the British held Attock on the Indus River, and the passes over the Margalla Hills separating Hazara from the Punjab. Instead, Sher Singh moved a few miles north and fortified the crossings over the Chenab River, while awaiting events. The East India Company responded by announcing their intention to depose the young Maharaja, Duleep Singh, annexe the Punjab and confiscate the lands of any landholders who joined the revolt.Hernon, p.

Western attempts at trade with Japan were largely unsuccessful until 1853 when an American fleet led by Commodore Perry arrived in Japanese waters and forced Japan into unfavorable trading agreements. This event coincided with the fall of the shōguns and the subsequent Meiji restoration that ended a system of feudal landholders, and helped unify the nation. Japan quickly transitioned to a modern power with an imperial army. Japan then began to extend its empire and seize various Pacific islands and parts of Russia.

The Pahiatua village was not a settlement initiated by the government, but rather one that had its origin in land speculation. Several subdivisions were established by private landholders including W. W. McCardle, H. Manns, A. W. and Henry Sedcole, and W. Wakeman. It is claimed that the first settlers were John Hall who arrived on 28 February 1881, followed by John Hughes the next day. These men, plus the brothers of Hughes and their families, comprised Pahiatua's population the first summer.

The original grant of land from William Penn to William Harmer William and George Harmer are listed among the Quakers who emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1682. In 1716, William and George Harmer purchased a 408-acre tract from William Penn, an area including most of what now is Ambler Borough. They are credited as the first landholders to actually settle in the area. William Harmer built a grist mill powered by the Wissahickon Creek, "the first commercial venture in the Ambler area".

That is what led to the creation of water boards. The structure of the water boards varies, but they all have a general administrative body and an executive board (college van dijkgraaf en heemraden) consisting of a chairperson (dijkgraaf) and other members ((hoog)heemraad, pl. (hoog)heemraden). The chairperson also presides the general administrative body. This body consists of people representing the various categories of stakeholders: landholders, leaseholders, owners of buildings, companies and, since recently, all the residents as well.

On 24 April 1930, lawyers working for the claimant, supported by the sisters and elder sister-in-law of the kumar, filed a declaratory suit in Dhaka claiming the name and property of Ramendra Narayan Roy against Bibhabati Devi and other landholders who were represented by the Court of Wards. Judgement was delivered in favour of the plaintiff in 1936. District judge Alan Henderson assigned judge Pannalal Bose to the case. Bejoy Chandra Chatterjee served as counsel for the claimant, now a plaintiff.

Vintage, London, 2000. Its creation was part of the larger Bourbon Reforms to control unlicensed trading, especially in tobacco, which existed along the Orinoco River and mostly benefited the foreign, Dutch, English, and French traders, who were preferred by the landholders of Canary Islander descent as trade partners. The Venezuelan possessions and their managerial wealthy Creole class thus operated detached from the metropolis. The Venezuelan colonial system turned into an embarrassment and hardly productive for the Spanish-Castilian Crown in terms of revenue.

The Kantakouzenoi first appear in the reign of Alexios I Komnenos, when a member of the family campaigned against the Cumans.Kazhdan (1991), p. 1103 In the Komnenian period, members of the family are attested as military officials: the sebastos John Kantakouzenos was killed in the Battle of Myriokephalon, while his probable grandson, the Caesar John Kantakouzenos, married Irene Angelina, the sister of Isaac II Angelos. By the time of the Fourth Crusade, the Kantakouzenoi were among the greatest landholders in the Empire.

Aerial view from 300 m by Walter Mittelholzer (1923) The first historical mention of Spreitenbach was in the year 1124. Along with many convents, the most distinguished landholders were the Knights of Schönenwerd (in Dietikon). They were forced to sell all of their farms to the Wettingen Abbey between 1274 and 1287. In 1415 the Old Swiss Confederacy conquered Aargau and Spreitenbach was made part of the district of Dietikon in the County of Baden, a unit in the confederacy.

He worked in politics to establish street grades, a water system, and a host of other services (which, not coincidentally, benefited him as one of the city's largest landholders). Meanwhile, Arthur Denny became the second richest man in town, after Yesler, and got himself elected to territorial legislature. From that position, he tried unsuccessfully to get the territorial capital moved to Seattle from its then supposedly temporary location in Olympia. The other potential money prizes were the territorial penitentiary and the territorial university.

The date of his death is unknown. Thomas Dunham Whitaker, in his ‘History of Richmondshire,’ ii. 350, apparently referring to him, but under the wrong name of John, says that he died shortly after the Glorious Revolution at Austwick Hall, and was buried at Clapham, Yorkshire; but the register of Roman Catholic landholders in the West Riding of Yorkshire, 1717–34, is headed by the name of Sir Charles Ingleby, knight, serjeant-at- law.Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. pt. i. pp.

After the great peasant revolt of Horea, 1784–85, however, the emperor imposed his will by fiat. His Imperial Patent of 1785 abolished serfdom but did not give the peasants ownership of the land or freedom from dues owed to the landowning nobles. It did give them personal freedom. Emancipation of the Hungarian peasantry promoted the growth of a new class of taxable landholders, but it did not abolish the deep-seated ills of feudalism and the exploitation of the landless squatters.

Pratsky is not affiliated with any political party and has said that he will work with anyone who gets results. Pratzky believes that the unconventional gas industry puts clean air and water resources in Australia at risk, and argues that exporting gas puts upwards pressure on domestic gas prices. He also believes that employment opportunities have been overstated by the industry and by Government and that payments made to landholders have not been equitable, given that affected properties have in some cases been rendered unsaleable.

A number were also built in Scottish towns.S. Reid, Castles and Tower Houses of the Scottish Clans, 1450–1650 (Botley: Osprey, 2006), , p. 21. An option for small landholders and farmers was the bastle house, a form of fortified house that combined the functions of a tower house and a barmkyn. They were usually two-storey houses with the ground floor acting as a byre into which animals could be driven, while the living space on the upper floor could only be reached by a removable ladder.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list two tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- There is a lake on its south boundary from whence a large stream proceeds and bounds the west side of the townland for 3 miles...Sand stone can be procured but it is not quarried. The Derrynananta Lower Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists thirteen landholders in the townland.

His map showed some 86 landholders, some with several blocks. The survey was from the mouth of the Macdonald up to the Boree Swamp that is now part of the St Albans Common. By the mid-1840s the population reached a peak of more than 1000 people on about 100 small properties. Early maps show original "Branch" farm grants in the Townships of Benton, Macdonald and Howick. The Village of Macdonald (now St Albans) was established at the site of a drover’s camp called "Bullock Wharf".

Born in St Paul's Cray, Kent, England, Bull was a dairy farmer in Cheshire and Bedfordshire, before applying as a farmer and shepherd for free passage to the new colony of South Australia. In May 1838, Bull arrived in Adelaide aboard Canton with his wife and two infant sons. He acted as an agent for absentee landholders in South Australia and farmed in the Mount Barker and Rapid Bay districts. In 1852, he visited the Victorian goldfields but returned to South Australia the following year.

The Permanent settlement of 1793 gave absolute rights to the zamindars, who were hereditary landholders and ruled as such, but the rights of tenants were not defined. With time, in the nineteenth century, the land demand increased and the lords increased rents and land revenues. The Raiyots (tenants) refused to accept the zamindari rent increase beyond the customary rates. This time period also saw a rise in the lesser-landed nobility (Chowdhurys and Taluqdars), whose existence did not fall under the Permanent Settlement laws.

The Parliamentary Surveys were initiated by Oliver Cromwell to evaluate lands which he had confiscated. Primarily they were Crown or Ecclesiastical estate lands in England and the assessments were carried out by a team of surveyors during the period 1647 to 1650. The objective was to identify all landholders in each manor; determine how much land each held and how much rent they paid. The surveyors then made a valuation of what each holding was worth, so that the manor could be put up for sale.

The question of incentivisation now being understood to be central, the security of tenure of landlords was guaranteed. In short, the former landholders and revenue intermediaries were granted proprietorial rights (effective ownership) to the land they held. Smallholders were no longer permitted to sell their land, but they could not be expropriated by their new landlords. Incentivisation of zamindars was intended to encourage improvements of the land, such as drainage, irrigation and the construction of roads and bridges; such infrastructure had been insufficient through much of Bengal.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists four landholders in the townland.Griffith's valuation at "Ask about Ireland" In 1861 the population of the townland was 21, being 9 males and 12 females. There were four houses in the townland, of which one was uninhabited.The census of Ireland for the year 1861 In the 1901 census of Ireland, there are four families listed in the townland, Houses in Derryconnessy (Templeport, Cavan) (1901) and in the 1911 census of Ireland, there are three families listed in the townland.

Governor Fitzroy noted in the 1851 end of year report "that a great many blacks were killed," however no official action was taken to change the aggressive functioning of the force. A large contingent of Native Police troopers were utilised in an invasion of Fraser Island. Walker with Lieutenant Richard Purvis Marshall and Sergeant Doolan and three divisions of troopers, together with local landholders set out from Maryborough. The force landed on the west coast of the island where the divisions split up to scour the region.

Under the magnates were the barons, who held increasingly nominal feudal tenures of which an important vestige was the right to hold baronial courts, which could deal with both matters of land ownership and interpersonal offences, including minor acts of violence.R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , p. 81. Also important were the local tenants-in-chief, who held legally held their land directly from the king and who by this period were often the major local landholders in an area.

Frederick II of Austria died fighting against Hungarian troops in 1246, and Béla IV's son-in-law, Rostislav Mikhailovich, annexed large territories along the kingdom's southern frontiers. Conflicts between the elderly monarch and his heir, Stephen, caused a civil war in the 1260s. Local autonomies in the Kingdom of Hungary (late 1200s) Béla IV and his son jointly confirmed the liberties of the royal servants and started referring to them as noblemen in 1267. By that time, "true noblemen" were legally differentiated from other landholders.

The social and environmental impacts of oil palm cultivation is a highly controversial topic. Oil palm is a valuable economic crop and provides a major source of employment. It allows many small landholders to participate in the cash economy and often results in the upgrade of the infrastructure (schools, roads, telecommunications) within that area. However, there are cases where native customary lands have been appropriated by oil palm plantations without any form of consultation or compensation, leading to social conflict between the plantations and local residents.

The Darling Anabranch is a naturally ephemeral system. After the completion of the Menindee Lakes scheme in the 1960s the system was managed as a permanent water supply for stock and domestic water use for adjacent landholders. A series of 17 weir pools were replenished with an annual replenishment flow, most of which evaporated. Over the 40 years of this flow management there was a decline in the health of the system, including poor water quality, decreased numbers of native fish and a decline in aquatic vegetation.

As majority of the populations of G. Kennedyana reside in the Sturt National Park in NSW, the National Parks and Wildlife Service have created a recovery plan for the species. The three main objectives are to protect and monitor all known populations; find and manage the threats that are effecting the survival and recruitment of the species; and involve the community in the conservation of the species by working with the relevant landholders and managers to improve the management of identified threats to the plant.

After the conquest of Aargau in 1415 it was part of the Swiss Confederation controlled County of Baden. The major landholders were the Freiherr of Böttstein and the Freiherr of Bernau. The Freiherr of Bernau granted the Knights Hospitaller extensive property, which became the Commandry of Leuggern in 1248. The village church is first mentioned in 1231 when it was in the possession of the knights. They also possessed other properties that they, Count Rudolf von Habsburg and, after 1239, Ulrich of Klingen were unsuccessfully fighting over.

As opposition grew against his administration, Reynolds took steps to control Georgia's General Court as well. By that time a letter from Jonathan Bryan, one of the province's largest landholders, and a scathing memorial concerning Reynolds and Little—hand- carried by the provost marshall, Alexander Kellet—had made their way to the Board of Trade. That body voted to recall Reynolds and ordered the governor back to England to give testimony about his actions. The board sent a lieutenant governor, Henry Ellis, as a replacement.

Today's municipality of Unzenberg was formed out of three rural centres named Göbenhausen (7 farms), Tombach (3 farms) and Unzenberg (9 farms). In 1310, Unzenberg had its first documentary mention in a taxation register kept by Count Simon II of Sponheim. The landholders and lords of the court were the Provosts of Ravengiersburg. Once the execution place had been set up on the Itzelbach Heights near Biebern, Unzenberg had to supply the blindfolds for the condemned prisoners.Unzenberg’s history Beginning in 1794, Unzenberg lay under French rule.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list seven tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- There is several good farm houses, in one of which resides a man of the name of Maguaran, who has long been reckoned famous for his cure of the bite of a mad dog. The Mully Lower Valuation Office Field books are available for July 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland.

"Powder for everybody" , Aifos Promociones Inmobiliarias A more likely origin of the tradition is said to have its roots in a Christian/Moorish riot in the 16th century when Tolox, then under Christian control, had a large Moorish population. During Christmas of 1539 there was civil strife between the predominantly Moorish peasants and the Christian landholders."Málaga Province – Tolox", andalucia.com One chronicler states that this custom originated in a dispute between a Moorish and a Christian girl who were in love with the same man.

In the Domesday Book, Barnoldby le Beck was a large village with 9 smallholders, 26 freeman, 12 ploughlands and a meadow of 200 acres. In 1066, the lord was Ralph the Staller, a constable of Edward the Confessor, and in 1086, the lord and tenant in chief was Alan Rufus. Early land holders in the Middle Ages included the Abbott of Grimsby, John Yarborough and Geoffrey le Scrope. Following the Enclosure of common lands in 1769 there were 12 landholders, including the Dashwood, Hewson and Bonsor families.

The confirmation process required lawyers, translators, and surveyors, and took an average of 17 years (with American Civil War, 1861–1865) to resolve. It proved expensive for landholders to defend their titles through the court system. In many cases, they had to sell their land to pay for defense fees or gave attorneys land in lieu of payment. Land from titles not confirmed became part of the public domain and available for homesteaders who could claim up to plots in accordance with federal homestead law.

Van Salee transferred the deed the following year. Following numerous legal disputes, including with representatives of the Dutch Reformed Church, whose council reprimanded Van Salee and his wife for not behaving as "pious Christians", he was ordered to leave New Netherlands. But, after he appealed to the Dutch West India Company, Van Salee was allowed to settle on in what would become New Utrecht and Gravesend, Brooklyn, at the southwestern end of Long Island. He became one of the largest and most prominent landholders on the island.

Economic change and the imposition of royal justice had begun to undermine the clan system before the eighteenth century, but the process was accelerated after the Jacobite rising of 1745. Highland dress was banned, clansmen were forcible disarmed, there was the compulsory purchase of heritable jurisdictions, many chiefs were exiled and ordinary clansmen were sent to the colonies as indentured labourers. Within a generation, these factors reduced most clan leaders to the status of simple landholders, without independent military power.Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, pp. 166–7.

The Christchurch Club building in 2019 The Christchurch Club is a historic gentlemen's club in the central city of Christchurch, New Zealand. The older of the two Christchurch clubs, it was founded by rural landholders in 1856; the rival organisation, the Canterbury Club, was a breakaway that was founded by urban professionals in 1872. The Christchurch Club, originally simply known as The Club, was founded by wealthy runholders in 1856. At first, premises were rented in Durham Street for members who were visiting Christchurch to use.

Large landholders like William Broughton and Alexander Riley received additional large grants in 1816-1817 and both John Kennedy and Andrew Hamilton Hume received smaller additional grants in 1816. Hume's eldest son, Hamilton Hume, also received land in that year. The four original Crown grants which today comprise the historic property known as Beulah were promised between 1814 and 1820. These four grants became parish portions 71, 77, 78 and 79, with the farmhouse now called Beulah built on portion 78 (Parish of Menangle (formerly Manangle).

In cities like Glasgow a sense of civic pride emerged as it expanded to become the "second city of the Empire", while the corporation remodelled the town and controlled transport, communications and housing. Michael Lynch sees a new British state emerging in the wake of the Reform Act of 1832.M. Lynch, Scotland a New History (London: Pimlico, 1992), , p. 358. This began the widening of the electoral franchise, from less than 5,000 landholders, which was to continue with further acts in 1868 and 1884.

The former St Andrews Presbyterian Church was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 11 June 2003 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. The former St Andrews Church is associated with the early development of the Brisbane Valley and of Esk in particular. It was constructed in 1875 on land donated by the McConnel family, important early pastoralists in the district, and was built with financial assistance from the McConnels and other local landholders.

Intense battle between liberal and conservative elements would continue through most of the rest of the 19th century. Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, born in Tixtla (Guerrero), liberal politician, writer For most of the period of President Porfirio Díaz's regime (1876–1911), the state was in relative peace, electing nine governors, although only two of these were Guerrero natives. The economy became concentrated in the hands of a few landholders, military people and others. While the era was relatively prosperous, very little of this benefit reached the common people.

Starting in the late 1730s and early 1740s, and continuing for the next 30 years, France's population and economy underwent expansion. Rising prices, particularly for agricultural products, were extremely profitable for large landholders. Artisans and tenant farmers also saw wage increases but on the whole, they benefited less from the growing economy. The ownership share of the peasantry remained largely the same as it had in the previous century, with around 1/3 of arable land in the hands of peasant smallholders in 1789.

That Nagaur town came under the invaders is clear since Balban, before becoming Sultan, was given an estate centered on this desert town. But just as there were petty Hindu chiefs (of numerous castes) in the vast lands between Ajmer and Delhi, it is reasonable to suppose that such landholders were also present in the lands between Ajmer and Nagaur, paying land revenue to the Muslims and probably joining their army. Another similarity between Ajmer and Nagaur is the early founding of Sufi shrines at both places.

Beeston Regis is mentioned in Domesday Book of 1086, where it is called Besetune and Besetuna/tune.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde, Norfolk, Beeston Regis, page 186 The main landholders of the parish were William d'Ecouis and Hugh de Montfort. The main tenant was Ingulf, The survey also lists ½ a mill. In the Domesday survey fractions were used to indicate that the entry, in this case a mill, was on an estate that lay within more than one parish.

Aside from indefinite survey lines, the Land Commission had to determine whether the grantees had fulfilled the requirements of the Mexican colonization laws. While the Land Commission confirmed 604 of the 813 claims it reviewed, most decisions were appealed to US District Court and some to the Supreme Court. The confirmation process required lawyers, translators, and surveyors, and took an average of 17 years (including the Civil War, 1861–1865) to resolve. It proved expensive for landholders to defend their titles through the court system.

The second set was collected and kept by the provincial headquarters (国衙, kokuga) and contained only the land areas. These records were used, in part, to determine tax assessed to landholders. Though most ōtabumi are no longer extant, those that still exist show demographic changes and shifting patterns of land ownership at the time. From the beginning of the Kamakura period to the Sengoku period (1467-1603), the warrior class gradually took over lands previously owned by court nobles (公家, kuge), temples, shrines.

Coat of arms of the Maharaja (Zamindar) of Dighapatia in Natore. Zamindars of Natore were influential aristocratic Bengali Zamindars (rent-receiving landholders), who owned large estates in what is today Natore District in Bangladesh. They contributed to the development of East Bengal and later Bangladesh through philanthropy and patronage. Various educational institutions and civil associations were established through their support, two famous examples being, the University of Dacca, the first University of East Bengal and Varendra Research Museum in Rajshahi, the first Museum of East Bengal.

Large landholders lost the advantage and as a result very large numbers of smaller non union plantations came to be established under local producers. During this period Central American countries introduced a new variety known as Cavendish bananas, which was a setback to Ecuador as its banana production was affected. However, Dole ensured that Ecuador's export share in the world market did not fall below 15%. In 1974, Ecuador became a member of the Union of Banana Exporting Countries in an attempt to bargain for better prices.

Responsibility for the maintenance of flood defences was gradually established. In 1317, Commissioners were appointed to inspect the banks and sewers in the marshes at Gedney, Holbeach, Sutton and Flete, and to carry out any repairs necessary. In 1571, a Dykereeve's inquest was held at Tydd, the purpose of which was to identify sewers and banks which should be maintained by the parishes. It also recommended that landholders should carry out repairs to the sea banks every year, and imposed penalties for failure to do so.

The second attempt was in 1868. In their petition, the townspeople claimed that Rock Hill had over 300 residents, "eleven stores, two churches, two bars, two hotels, two carriage shops, three blacksmith shops, three shoe shops, one tannery, one cabinet shop, and elementary schools for white girls and boys." The petition was signed by 48 men, most relative newcomers to Rock Hill, with only a few members of the old, established, landed families. The larger landholders opposed incorporation because of the taxes it would bring.

The Counts of Sponheim enfeoffed Kuno von Pyrmont with holdings and an estate in Lahr in 1438. The estate was under Pyrmont ownership in 1468. Friedrich von Pyrmont sold it in 1472 to Hanns von Lare. In 1790, the Counts of Hildesheim were listed as the landholders. Lahr belonged to the “three-lord” high court of Beltheim, which was shared by the Electorate of Trier, Pfalz-Zweibrücken (heirs of the Counts of Sponheim) and the lordship of Metternich-Winneburg-Beilstein (heirs of the Lords of Braunshorn).

Epes Sargent of Gloucester and His Descendants. Boston, His brothers were Revolutionary war hero Paul Dudley Sargent (1745–1828) and John Sargent (1750–1824). Through his other brother Winthrop Sargent (1727–1793), he was the uncle of Judith Sargent Murray (1751–1820), the poet and advocate for women's rights, and Winthrop Sargent (1753–1820), Governor of Mississippi Territory. His father was one of the largest landholders in Gloucester and had is portrait painted in 1760 by John Singleton Copley two years before his death in 1762.

In common with most religious houses and secular landholders, Dale Abbey seems to have largely ceased to cultivate its demesnes. This must have been accelerated by the demographic crises of the 14th century, particularly the Great Famine of 1315–1317 and the Black Death, which depressed land values and gave labour a scarcity value. A few leasing agreements made by the abbey survive. Among them is a 1404 lease of land and a house at Lamcote, near Radcliffe-on-Trent, to the Thuryff family.

Tensions between the Zionist movements and the Arab residents of Palestine started to emerge after the 1880s, when immigration of European Jews to Palestine increased. This immigration increased the Jewish communities in Palestine, then part of the Ottoman Empire by the acquisition of land from Ottoman and individual Arab landholders, known as effendis, and establishment of Jewish agricultural settlements. At the time, Arabs lived in an almost feudal existence on the effendis' land.The Jewish National Fund: Land Purchase Methods and Priorities, 1924 – 1939 by Kenneth W. Stein.

He also implemented a number of unpopular reforms at the request of the proprietor. Export of tobacco was limited to high-quality cask tobacco more easily produced by large landholders. In addition, Calvert had ordered that all future tax payments were to be made in specie rather than in tobacco. When news reached the colony that the King had been deposed, Joseph attempted to maintain control by asking planters to turn in their weapons and temporarily cancelling the meeting of the colonial assembly scheduled for April.

The village arose from an agricultural estate, which was mentioned in a document from 1346 as Zullinshausen. Zilshausen may well have belonged to the so-called “three-lord” territory, which was shared by three landholders, among them the Electorate of Trier and the House of Braunshorn-Metternich-Beilstein. This arrangement was brought to an end by the French Revolutionary occupation of lands on the Rhine’s left bank in 1794. In 1814 Zilshausen was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna.

While the wealthy who lost their land in the deal had obviously lost out, the problems of smaller peasant landholders were by no means solved. Many of them saw only slight increases in their property size to 11,000 square meters, “too small to provide a livelihood, let alone the basis for efficient agricultural production.” These smallholders formed a political party which won a significant majority in the November election, but political maneuvering and election fraud by the Communists led to its failure in the following election.

The church set in the streetscape, pictured . During the early days of settlement of the Cowpastures, particularly after the 1820s when the landholders began to live in the area, religious services were undertaken through the employees and members of each estate coming together for prayers. Early in their residency at Camden Park it appears William and James organised these events with William at least occasionally conducting readings. By 1826 the Reverend Thomas Reddall, chaplain of St Peter's, Campbelltown began conducting services at Kirkham on the north bank of the Nepean.

The Pearces were one of the most influential families in the district and amongst the largest landholders. They were descendants of Matthew Pearce, possibly the first settler in the Parramatta area and builder of his home 'King's Langley' (Bella Vista) in 1794-5. They were renowned orchardists and it is probable that some of the Merriville property was put to this use although there is little documentary evidence for the management of the place. It is also probable that the family was responsible for substantial additions made to Merriville House.

There were twenty houses in the townland, all of which were inhabited. In 1851 the population of the townland was 109, being 54 males and 55 females, the reduction being due to the Great Famine (Ireland). There were eighteen houses in the townland, one of which was uninhabited and one in the course of erection. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nineteen landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation On 6 July 1857 the Incumbered Estates Commission published the following notice\- > In the Matter of the Estate of James Brien, Geo.

He also established an office to compile and validate estate records with the aim of reasserting central control. Many shōen were not properly certified, and large landholders, like the Fujiwara, felt threatened with the loss of their lands. Emperor Go-Sanjō also established the In no chō, or Office of the Cloistered Emperor, which was held by a succession of emperors who abdicated to devote themselves to behind-the-scenes governance, or insei (Cloistered rule). The In no chō filled the void left by the decline of Fujiwara power.

As a child, he lived at Goldsborough Hall in Goldsborough, North Yorkshire, which was the house for the heirs-in-waiting for Harewood House. During his lifetime the Lascelles family were still major landholders in Barbados. He initially served in the regular army as captain in the Grenadier Guards, after which he served part-time as an officer in the Yorkshire Hussars Yeomanry, which became part of the Territorial Army in 1908. He was lieutenant-colonel in command of that regiment from 1881 to 1898 and honorary colonel from 1898 to 1913.

Dr. Thomas Edward Bowkett was a London surgeon, and a vocal proponent of a number of progressive and unionist ideas. His scheme to provide "mechanics" with a means to become landholders, and thus have a greater influence on government, was first proposed during a series of lectures and articles in 1843. In 1862 Richard B. Starr made some changes to Dr. Bowkett's scheme, including a slightly increased subscription fee and shorter subscription time, among others. The changes made the scheme more palatable to potential subscribers and Starr promoted his now copyrighted system aggressively.

250px The administrative unit was reverted to a Chief Commissioner's Province (Assam plus Sylhet), with a Legislative Council added and Assam Province was created. The Council had 25 members, of which the Chief Commissioner and 13 nominated members formed the bulk. The other 12 members were elected by local public bodies like municipalities, local boards, landholders, tea planters and Muslims. As Assam became involved in the Non-cooperation movement, the Assam Association slowly transformed itself into the Assam Pradesh Congress Committee (with 5 seats in AICC) in 1920–21.

The inhabitants of Wiltshire have always been addicted to industrious rather than warlike pursuits, and the political history of the county is not remarkable, being affected only by events of national importance that affected most regions. In 1086, after the completion of the Domesday Survey, Salisbury was the scene of a great council, in which all the landholders took oaths of allegiance to the king. and a council for the same purpose assembled at Salisbury in 1116. At Clarendon in 1166 was drawn up the assize which remodelled the provincial administration of justice.

Callandoon pastoral station was established in the mid 1840s by the prominent colonial capitalist and New South Wales politician Augustus Morris. Strong Aboriginal resistance to the British occupancy of their lands in the area induced Morris and other prominent landholders such as William Wentworth to organise a Native Police force to crush the indigenous recalcitrance. Frederick Walker was the first Commandant of this force and through violent and coercive measures, he was able to place the area under British control by 1850. Callandoon became the headquarters of the Native Police until 1853.

Liberal reforms took away this arrangement and many of these lands fell into the hands of large landholders who when made the local Indian population work for three to five days a week just for the right to continue to cultivate the lands. This requirement caused many to leave and look for employment elsewhere. Most became "free" workers on other farms, but they were often paid only with food and basic necessities from the farm shop. If this was not enough, these workers became indebted to these same shops and then unable to leave.

That action created conflict with the Caribbean indigenous people who had claims to the land, and also infringed on forestry reserves, leading to criticism. Others who had received land from the Sandinistas began to return their co-operative land titles to the large landholders who had owned them before the reforms, or simply sold their portions to opportunists. Unable to solve the problem, Chamorro dealt with the most egregious claims and turned the issue over to the courts to resolve individual disputes. From the outset, Chamarro performed a delicate balancing act.

He ran as one of several Country Party candidates for the House of Representatives seat of New England in 1940 and 1949, but was not successful. During World War II he organised mass production of primary products by co-operating with other landholders and using women to work the land. In 1947 Shand became the founding chairman of East-West Airlines, which flew between Tamworth and Sydney, as well as other routes. The airline was also used for agricultural purposes, spreading superphosphate, seeding and crop dusting, for example.

On March 4, 1913, Woodrow Wilson was sworn in as President of the United States briefly after the February 22 assassination of Mexican President Francisco I. Madero and Vice President José María Pino Suárez. It soon became clear that U.S. Ambassador Henry Lane Wilson was complicit in the plot. General Victoriano Huerta was now president of Mexico, and Wilson and Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan immediately sent Lind to Mexico as Envoy for Mexican Affairs. Lind had financial interests in Mexico and had long-standing ties with other U.S. landholders.

Beginning in the mid-19th century, much of the basin of wetlands was drained to create cultivated cropland. Two large ditches were constructed in 1858, as part of the Swamp Act of 1852, the first attempt to drain the marsh. A lobby grew among the large landholders in Lake County who advocated the complete drainage of the marsh, but due to the American Civil War and the subsequent economic downturn, little action occurred until the 1880s. In 1884, meetings were held by land owners in South Bend to discuss the drainage of the marsh.

Two of the largest landholders agreed to build a network of drainage ditches in their lands to begin draining the eastern edge of the marsh. State funding was granted to the project during the term of Indiana Governor Claude Matthews and the project was expanded to include the entire marsh. At the time, it was heralded as a great advance for the state which was also in the process of draining the Great Black Swamp. By 1910, most of the marshlands were drained and work on rerouting the Kankakee River began.

Memorial cairn at Iguana Creek on the Dargo Road, listing dates of McMillan's major expeditions By the late 1830s, wealthy landholders in New South Wales had become interested in the Gippsland region of Victoria and funded exploration of the region. Macalister knew the early settlers in the high country of Gippsland around Benambra and Omeo as they too were from the Monaro. He put forward McMillan as a candidate to further explore the plains of Gippsland proper nearer to the coast. A second interest sent Polish scientist-explorer Count Paul Strzelecki to also explore Gippsland.

The economic policies of the British adversely affected the Indian peasants under the British government, protecting the landlords and money lenders while they exploited the peasants. The peasants rose in revolt against this injustice on many occasions. The peasants in Bengal formed their union and revolted against the compulsion of cultivating indigo. Anthony Pereira, a political scientist, has defined a peasant movement as a "social movement made up of peasants (small landholders or farm workers on large farms), usually inspired by the goal of improving the situation of peasants in a nation or territory".

Landholders were given until 31 December 2017 to remain on their land.'Israel to confiscate 3,200 acres of Palestinian land near Jerusalem,'Ma'an News Agency 8 November 2014. Israeli settlements, including Ramot, have been built on 1,500 dunums (371 acres) on village land, and according to the village major, the order came through after the Israel government announced plans for a further 244 housing units to be built in Ramot. In addition, Israel has confiscated 15 dunums for the Israeli settlement of Har Samuel, part of the Giv'at Ze'ev settlement.

Grey Kangaroo Mob (Macropus giganteus) A sustainable wildlife enterprise is a farming system that incorporates sustainable use of wildlife to promote conservation. In Australia, landholders work together across boundaries to sustainably harvest or make use of (ecotourism) naturally occurring wildlife populations such as the kangaroo. Important to the concept is that biodiversity and environmental benefit occurs via alternative land uses. Attaching a value to native resources through commercial development has the potential to provide alternative sources of income, especially in areas where traditional systems are no longer as profitable or environmentally sustainable.

Catholic resentment was a factor in starting the Irish Rebellion of 1641 and the establishment of Confederate Ireland from 1642 with Papal support, that was eventually put down in the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649–53. After the Act of Settlement in 1652, Catholics were barred from membership in the Irish Parliament, and the major landholders had most of their lands confiscated under the Adventurers Act. They were also banned from living in towns for a short period. Catholic clergy were expelled from the country and were liable to instant execution when found.

There was one house in the townland and it was inhabited. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists six landholders in the townland. In 1861 the population of the townland was 7, being 2 males and 5 females. There was one house in the townland and it was inhabited. In 1871 the population of the townland was 7, being 3 males and 4 females. There were two houses in the townland and all were inhabited.(page 296 of census) In 1881 the population of the townland was 12, being 6 males and 6 females.

In 589, Recared, a Visigothic ruler, renounced his Arianism before the Council of Bishops at Toledo and accepted Chalcedonian Christianity (Catholic Church), thus assuring an alliance between the Visigothic monarchy and the Romans. This alliance would not mark the last time in the history of the peninsula that political unity would be sought through religious unity. Court ceremonials - from Constantinople - that proclaimed the imperial sovereignty and unity of the Visigothic state were introduced at Toledo. Still, civil war, royal assassinations, and usurpation were commonplace, and warlords and great landholders assumed wide discretionary powers.

A. Grant, "Late medieval foundations", in A. Grant and K. J. Stringer, eds, Uniting the Kingdom?: the Making of British History (London: Routledge, 1995), , p. 99. Those with property rights included husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants. Most farming was based on the lowland fermtoun or highland baile, settlements of a handful of families that held individual land rights, but jointly farmed an area notionally suitable for two or three plough teams.J. Wormald, Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), , pp. 41–55.

Economic change and the imposition of royal justice had begun to undermine the clan system before the eighteenth century, but the process was accelerated after the rebellion of 1745, with Highland dress banned, the enforced disarming of clansmen, the compulsory purchase of heritable jurisdictions, the exile of many chiefs, and the sending of ordinary clansmen to the colonies as indentured labour. All of this largely reduced clan leaders to the status of simple landholders within one generation.R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , pp. 166–7.

During the Second Iconoclasm, the Empire began to see systems resembling feudalism being put in place, with large and local landholders becoming increasingly prominent, receiving lands in return for military service to the central government.A. A. Vasiliev, History of the Byzantine Empire: 324–1453, p. 564. Similar systems had been in place in the Roman Empire ever since the reign of Severus Alexander during the third century, when Roman soldiers and their heirs were granted lands on the condition of service to the Emperor.A.A. Vasiliev, History of the Byzantine Empire, p. 566.

Her father, a farmer in her early years, was interested in making direct changes to people's lives, rather than through reform movements, and shared his interest in education and the sciences with his daughter. Charles Wilson Knapp, View in the Susquehanna Valley Both of her parents came from early settlers and major landholders of the Susquehanna Valley in southern New York. They had interests in farming and lumber. Alice Freeman Palmer, age five, about 1860 As the age of three, she taught herself to read and developed what became a lifelong enjoyment of reading aloud.

Landcare groups in Australia are supported by Landcare Australia as a national body, the National Landcare Network as a national community network, and also by the relevant national and state agencies or organisations. Peak bodies for Landcare exist in each state and territory, run by volunteer committees with support from a small number of paid staff. Their purpose is to represent Landcare groups, landholders and others involved with managing and caring for our environment at the state level. Most of these groups work in association with the State Agencies or regional bodies.

The Down Survey 1656 map of Killare parish depicts the townland as Clare and shows Clare Castle. The 1659 Pender's Census of Ireland gives a population of 40 adults over the age of 15 in Clare townland, all of whom were Irish, (in general the percentage of the Irish population aged under 15 runs at about 20% so the total population in 1659 would have been about 48). The Clare Valuation Office books are available for 1840-1841. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists ten landholders in the townland.

The city was then attacked by General Régules of the Republican side, who took possession of the town after a bloody fight and named liberal leaders. During the Porfirio Díaz period, just before the Mexican Revolution, the Pátzcuaro area was heavily dominated by large landholders, haciendas and some foreign companies, pushing popular sympathy with the rebels to come. The town became a strategic point for taking the Michoacán capital. The town remained in rebel hands for most of the conflict but was taken in 1913 by Victoriano Huerta's government.

Little Snoring has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, England's Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde, Norfolk, p.191, Little Snoring, In the Great Book (jargon for "The Domesday Book") Little Snoring is recorded by the names "Esnaringa", "Snaringa" and "Snarlinga", named after "Snare", the settlers' leader, and thus the name Little Snoring evolved over the centuries. It was the king's land with the main landholders being William de Warenne and Peter de Valognes and his main tenant is said to be Ralph.

Samuel had sold considerable holdings in Nova Scotia, and was able to purchase about 10 farms across southwestern Upper Canada from St. Thomas to Simcoe, Ontario. He passed these onto his sons, including Elias who became the Member of the Legislative Assembly for Middlesex County in 1836. Though Quakers and Loyalists, his family became active in the agitation against the Family Compact, a group of elite landholders in Upper Canada. A number of his sons, notably Enoch and John, and grandsons were arrested for their part in the Rebellions of 1837.

The Battle of Laupen was fought in June 1339,; other sources give other dates in June between Bern and its allies on one side, and Freiburg together with feudal landholders from the County of Burgundy and Habsburg territories on the other. Bern was victorious, consolidating its position in the region. As a consequence of the conflict, the relations of Bern and the Swiss Confederacy tightened, resulting in Bern's permanent accession in 1353. This is also the first battle that the white cross was documented as being used as a field sign worn by Swiss combatants.

Hunting reserves were adopted by Anglo- Norman lords and then by Gaelic ones. The more extensive outfield was used for oats. New monastic orders such as the Cistercians became major landholders and sheep farmers, particularly in the Borders where they were organised in granges. By the late Medieval period, most farming was based on the Lowland fermtoun or Highland baile, settlements of a handful of families that jointly farmed an area notionally suitable for two or three plough teams, allocated in run rigs to tenant farmers, known as husbandmen.

Followed by the previous Swedish colony on the upper Delaware River at Fort Christina and New Sweden (which the Dutch had attacked and occupied several years earlier). These later became part of the English and later British America colonies/provinces of New York state and New York town along with renamed Wilmington and New Castle along the Delaware River as part of the colonial Province of Pennsylvania and later in the future state of Delaware. Later the Duke himself granted holdings to various landholders who endured into the 18th century.

The spelling of the village's name was quite variable over time. Endilskomede eventually became Chumbd über dem Berge (the last three words mean “above the mountain”), and as late as the 18th century it was still Cümbgen über Berg, and then Chümbdchen, and finally, beginning in 1920, Kümbdchen. In 1368, there erupted disputes between the landholders in Kümbdchen as to who was lord of what. A legal investigation was undertaken in Simmern, which was attended by, among others, the Schultheiß, the Schöffen (roughly “lay jurists”) and the municipality of Simmern.

In the late 1970s, the illegal cocaine trade took off and became a major source of profit. By 1982, cocaine surpassed coffee as a national export, making up 30% of all Colombian exports. Many members of the new class of wealthy drug barons began purchasing enormous quantities of land for a number of reasons: in order to launder their drug money and to gain social status among the traditional Colombian elite. By the late 1980s, drug traffickers were the largest landholders in Colombia and wielded immense political power.

His opposite number, Count Nikola IV Zrinski, was one of the largest landholders in the Kingdom of Croatia, a seasoned veteran of border warfare, and a Ban (Croatian royal representative) from 1542 to 1556.Krokar Slide Set #27, image 42 In his early life he distinguished himself in the Siege of Vienna and pursued a successful military career. Suleiman's forces reached Belgrade on 27 June after a forty-nine-day march. Here he met with John II Sigismund Zápolya who he earlier promised to make the ruler of all Hungary.

Thailand's silkworm farmers cultivate both types of the domesticated silkworms that produce commercial silk: Samia ricini, commonly known as the "eri silkworm", and Bombyx mori, the "mulberry silkworm". The latter, used for most Thai silk, is by far the larger silk producer of the two. The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture estimates that in 2013, 71,630 small landholders raised mulberry silkworms on 39,570 rai, producing 287,771 kg of silk cocoons. Another 2,552 farmers grew mulberry silkworms on an industrial scale, producing 145,072 kg of silk on 15,520 rai of land.

The site was originally occupied by a two storey hotel, the Shamrock Hotel, constructed in the 1840s. In 1845 the proprietor of the Shamrock Hotel Perth was Michael Henry Condron. In 1855 Condron invited Lomas Toovey to join him in ownership of the Shamrock Hotel and the following year the hotel was leased to Joseph Aloysius Lucas, who operated the hotel until his death in 1880. In 1883 Daniel Connor, a successful merchant and pastoralist (one of Perth's leading financiers and landholders), purchased the hotel from Lucas' widow, Jane Mary.

In response the leading Bengali Hindu landholders, lawyers and professionals signed the Bengal Hindu Manifesto on 23 April 1932 rejecting the justification of reservation of separate electorates for Muslims in the Bengal Legislative Assembly.Mitra, N.N.(ed), Indian Annual Register, Volume I, Jan–Jun 1932, p. 323. Later in the year, the Muslim League government orchestrated the infamous Noakhali genocide. After the failure of the United Bengal plan, it became evident that either all of Bengal would go to Pakistan, or it would be partitioned between India and Pakistan.

Griffith's Valuation of 1857, which incorporated more precise surveying methods than previous records, lists twenty one landholders in the townland. By 1861, the population of the townland had once again fallen, this time to 86, 48 males and 38 females. There were seventeen houses in the townland, of which two were uninhabited. In the 1901 census of Ireland, there were ten families listed in the townland, and in the 1911 census of Ireland, there were only seven families listed in the townland, continuing the pattern of a declining population.

Long-Colbo was a childhood magician for ten years, which included a performance to Johannes, 11th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, Serene Highness of The Princely House of Thurn and Taxis in Munich, Germany (Europe's largest landholders); representing the Abbott Magic Company at their trade exhibitions; a birthday performance for famous Vaudeville magician and winner of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd annual Harry Houdini Trophy, Ben Bergor; befriending Harry Blackstone, Jr. and being used by him as a stage assistant/volunteer whenever the Great Blackstone and he were in the same town.

Whitwell Harbour is a popular sailing and water sports area and a pleasure boat known as the Rutland Belle operates from the harbour. Whitwell is one of the smallest villages in Rutland; it only has 19 houses, plus The Noel pub, the name of which comes from the Earls of Gainsborough, who were landholders in the area. Whitwell claims to be twinned with Paris, France. In 1980, regulars from the pub, the Noel Arms wrote to the then Mayor of Paris, Jacques Chirac proposing the link and with a tight deadline for a response.

While the feudal tenures of barons were increasingly nominal J. Wormald, Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), , pp. 30–3. local tenants-in-chief, who held legally held their land directly from the king and who by the sixteenth century were often the major local landholders in an area, grew in significance. As feudal distinctions declined, the barons and tenants-in-chief merged to form a new identifiable group, the lairds,R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , p. 79.

The Shire of Walcha was constituted by the Union of the Municipality and the Shire of Apsley as from on 1 June 1955. Other district villages are: Niangala, Nowendoc and part of Woolbrook with settlements at Brackendale, Glen Morrison, Ingalba, Tia and Yarrowitch. History was made at Walcha in 1950 when a Tiger Moth was the first aircraft used to spread superphosphate by air in Australia. The "super" was dropped on Mirani and other landholders soon followed suit to greatly increase the livestock carrying capacity of the district.

Subsequently, it expanded into the nearby countryside, first at the expense of the local landholders, and later against the neighbouring communes, notably Bergamo and Cremona. Brescia defeated the latter two times at Pontoglio, then at the Grumore (mid-12th century) and in the battle of the Malamorte (Bad Death) (1192). In 1138, Brescia experienced a communal revolt against the local Bishop Manfred led by radical reformer and Canons regular Arnold of Brescia. This revolt broke out due to the city's experience in the ecclesiastical and political conflict that resulted from the 1130 papal election.

Ramón Altarriba y Villanueva, 1st Count of Altarriba, 24th Baron of Sangarrén (1841 – 1906), was a Spanish Carlist politician, landowner, publisher, and soldier. During the Third Carlist War he commanded battalion-size legitimist units. He represented the party in the lower chamber of the Cortes during 2 terms of 1879-1881 and 1886-1890. In the 1890s and early 1900s he served as the party leader in the region of Old Castile, though as one of the largest landholders in Gipuzkoa he exerted also enormous influence in the province.

Van Salee was living near the harbor in Amsterdam when he obtained a marriage license on December 15, 1629, to marry Grietse Reyniers, a 27-year-old German native, two days before his ship left for the New World. In 1630, at the age of 22, Van Salee arrived with his wife in New Netherlands, as a colonist of the Dutch West India Company. Van Salee's pirate father may have provided him a considerable fortune. By 1639 Anthony had become one of the largest landholders on the island, as well as a prosperous farmer.

Loud protests followed this recognition, especially from influential Muslims of the area whose relatives had been kidnapped and people who decried that an emperor would recognise a person of such low caste. Eaton describes that the robe "... seemed to represent official acknowledgement of his status as a legitimate, tribute- paying nayaka-zamindar ... Landholders claiming descent from ancient nayaka families were simply incensed at such impudence." Bahadur Shah had to back down and he announced that Papadu would be killed, with the responsibility for achieving this end being given to Dilawar Khan.

The German blazon reads: Schild durch goldene linke Schrägleiste geteilt; oben in Schwarz schreitender, goldener Löwe, unten goldener Balken in Schwarz. The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Sable a bendlet sinister Or between a lion rampant sinister of the second armed and langued gules and a fess of the second couped at the bendlet sinister. Sargenroth lay in the Ravengiersburg provost's area of authority. The gold lion refers to the Dukes of Simmern and the Counts Palatine of the Rhine, who were the Vögte and the landholders.

Indeed, it was the norm, and Yeppoon had a better track record than most, providing adequate food and shelter for the workers, even if they were substantially underpaid. The issue, however was not so much the conditions of employment, as the manner in which the labour was procured. The idea of using Pacific Islanders in the cane fields was not a random act. Some Islanders had come willingly as early as 1847, and landholders viewed them as more intelligent and better suited to the task than Chinese or Indian labourers.

Zahida Khatun Sherwani (18 December 1894 – 2 February 1922) was an Indian poet and writer who wrote in the Urdu language and was also an activist for women's rights. She published her poetry under the pseudonyms Zay Khay Sheen (or Z-Kh-S) and Nuzhat, as her conservative Muslim society did not permit women to write poetry or initiate movements upholding the rights of women. She belonged to a rich family of landholders of the Sherwani tribe. Her poems and ghazals in Urdu, which had a "female touch", had romantic appeal for young people.

As the crown restricted the encomienda as an institution, private ownership of land with the mobilization of wage labor emerged in the landed estate, or hacienda. These landholdings were distinguishable by the manner in which the landholders obtained labor. Under a typical labor arrangement for an hacienda, indigenous laborers tilled the land a specified number of days per week or per year in exchange for access to small plots of land. The encomendero, or recipient of the encomienda, extended privileges to de facto control of the land designated in his grant.

Between her lease subdividing and the money produced by the inn and shanty, she eventually became one of the wealthiest people in the area. An article in the Australian newspaper on 23 January 1828 called her "one of the largest landholders on the Hunter River". In May 1830, she was fully granted the of land that she had previously rented from the governor. She moved to Anvil Creek in 1830, where she bought of land and had her own farm; she stayed there until her death in 1835.

Benjamin Boyd (21 August 180115 October 1851) was a Scottish entrepreneur who became a major shipowner, banker, grazier, politician and slaver, exploiting South Sea Islander labour in the colony of New South Wales. Boyd became one of the largest landholders and graziers of the Colony of New South Wales before suffering financial difficulties and becoming bankrupt. Boyd briefly tried his luck on the Californian goldfields before being purportedly murdered on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands. Many of his business ventures involved blackbirding, the practice of enslaving South Sea Islanders.

Fairbank, 108. Wealthy landholders and officials possessed the resources to better prepare their sons for the civil service examinations, yet they were often rivaled in their power and wealth by merchants of the Song period. Merchants frequently colluded commercially and politically with officials, despite the fact that scholar-officials looked down on mercantile vocations as less respectable pursuits than farming or craftsmanship. The military also provided a means for advancement in Song society for those who became officers, even though soldiers were not highly respected members of society.

Economic change and the imposition of royal justice had begun to undermine the clan system before the eighteenth century, but the process was accelerated after the Jacobite rising of 1745, with Highland dress banned, the enforced disarming of clansmen, the compulsory purchase of heritable jurisdictions, the exile of many chiefs and sending of ordinary clansmen to the colonies as indentured labour. All of this largely reducing clan leaders to the status of simple landholders within a generation.R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , pp. 166–7.

Walker, Marshall, Doolan with their three divisions of troopers, together with local landholders the Leith Hay brothers and Mr Wilmot set out down the Mary River aboard Captain Currie's Margaret and Mary schooner. Aboriginal people in a stolen dinghy were shot at along the way and the boat seized. The force landed on the west coast of the island where the divisions split up to scour the region. During the night a group of Aboriginal men attempted to surprise Marshall's section resulting in two Aboriginal men being shot.

After acquiring the property in 1875 William Rolfe erected another building of sawn timber while retaining the original structure. The second building was moved to a property in the Upper Ross area sometime this century and was later destroyed by a bushfire. After the licence was surrendered sometime after 1908 the building was owned by the Moodie family who used it as refreshment rooms and a dance hall. It was later acquired by the Fryer family, early landholders in the region, and sold to the present owners in 1984.

Hale was possibly influenced in the design of Wambo by the Colonial Architect Francis Greenway whose work he would have encountered through his close relationship with William Cox. Cox took a number of contracts, where he worked with Greenway, for the construction of public buildings around Windsor. Hale may also have used some of Cox's builders for the construction of Wambo. By 1844 James Hale was one of the largest 100 landholders in the colony; an established sheep and cattle grazier and wheat farmer with at least 4 assigned convicts working at Wambo.

The Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652 provided for the confiscation and re-distribution of the lands of the defeated Irish, mostly Confederate Catholics, who had opposed Cromwell and supported the royalists. Parliamentarian soldiers who served in Ireland were entitled to an allotment of confiscated land there, in lieu of their wages, which the Parliament was unable to pay in full. Lands were also to be provided to a third group, settlers from England and America. The dispossessed landholders were to be transported to Connacht and to other countries.

In 1339, the French besieged Bordeaux, the capital of Gascony, even breaking into the city with a large force before they were repulsed. Typically the Gascons could field 3,000–6,000 men, the large majority infantry, although up to two-thirds of them would be tied down in garrisons. The border between English and French territory in Gascony was extremely unclear, to the extent that the idea of a "border" is anachronistic. Many landholders owned a patchwork of widely separated estates, perhaps owing fealty to a different overlord for each.

Arrowsmith argues from the etymology that Stockport may have still been a market place associated with a larger estate, and so would not be surveyed separately. The Anglo-Saxon landholders in the area were dispossessed and the land divided amongst the new Norman rulers. The first borough charter was granted in about 1220 and was the only basis for local government for six hundred years. A castle held by Geoffrey de Costentin is recorded as a rebel stronghold against Henry II in 1173–1174 when his sons revolted.

On a subsequent trip to Mexico City in 1833, Mason was able to secure a repeal of the law's stipulation that forbade colonization in Mexico from the United States. Once he accomplished this, Mason resigned from the land company to promote his personal Texas landholdings. Mason continued to expand his landholdings by purchasing 300 leagues from the Mexican government and 100 leagues from individual landholders. To manage his land holdings, Mason employed John Charles Leplicher in New York City as his land office clerk and Archibald Hotchkiss as his attorney.

The Wembas-Wemba's religio-cultural worldview was centered on a dreaming, which they called yemurraki. Two German Moravian missionaries, Reverend A.F.C. Täger and Reverend F.W. Spieseke, convinced that the Wembawemba, whom they called culli, were "the most wretched and bleakest (people), who live on God's earth", established Lake Boga mission in 1851. The mission closed in 1856 due to lack of converts, disputes with local authorities and hostilities from local landholders. The Moravian Church established a subsequent mission site in Wergaia territory near Lake Hindmarsh in 1856 (see Ebenezer Mission).

The Domesday Book initiated by William I of England in 1086 was a government survey on all the administrative counties of England; it was used to assess the properties of farmsteads and landholders in order to tax them sufficiently. In the survey, numerous English castles were listed; scholars debate on exactly how many were actually referenced in the book.Harfield, 372. However, the Domesday Book does detail the fact that out of 3,558 registered houses destroyed in 112 different boroughs listed, 410 of these destroyed houses were the direct result of castle construction and expansion.

The target of his tactics expanded during the early part of his career. Between 1253 and 1259 he proselytized and converted individuals, mainly attracting mid- to lower- ranking samurai and local landholders and debated resident priests in Pure Land temples. In 1260, however, he attempted to directly reform society as a whole by submitting a treatise entitled "Risshō Ankoku Ron" ("Establishment of the Legitimate Teaching for the Protection of the Country") to Hōjō Tokiyori, the de facto leader of the nation. In it he cites passages from the Ninnō, Yakushi, Daijuku, and Konkōmyō sutras.

Prior to the Civil War, the most prominent landholders in early Kirkwood were the Kirkpatrick, Dunwoody, and Clay families. The name Kirkwood was likely derived from a blending of the Kirkpatrick and Dunwoody family names. James H. Kirkpatrick (1778–1853), a native of Ireland, settled in the area in 1827 and owned thousands of acres of property in Land Lots 111 and 112, in what are now the north Kirkwood and Lake Claire neighborhoods. His plantation estate was located just to the north of Georgia Railroad line near the vicinity of East Lake Road.

On the waterfront below Fort Phillip is the yellow, four-storey, Commissariat Stores, ⑤, constructed by convicts for Macquarie in 1810 and 1812. One of the largest buildings constructed in the colony at the time, it is now the site of the Museum of Contemporary Art. The foreshore buildings on the extreme right are the warehouse and "Wharf House" residence of merchant, Robert Campbell ⑥ who was to become one of the colony's biggest landholders. This is now the site of the Sydney Harbour Bridge pylons and is just to the left of Dawes Point.

Many shōen were not properly certified, and large landholders, like the Fujiwara, felt threatened with the loss of their lands. Go-Sanjo also established the ( "Office of the Cloistered Emperor"), which was held by a succession of emperors who abdicated to devote themselves to behind- the-scenes governance, or insei. The In-no-chō filled the void left by the decline of Fujiwara power. Rather than being banished, the Fujiwara were mostly retained in their old positions of civil dictator and minister of the center while being bypassed in decision making.

Camel muster on the APY Lands, South Australia in 2013 The Australian Feral Camel Management Project (AFCMP) was established in 2009 and ran until 2013. It was managed by Ninti One Limited in Alice Springs funded with from the Australian Government. It aimed to work with landholders to build their capacity to manage feral camels while reducing impacts at key environmental and cultural sites. The project was expected to be completed by June 2013 but received a six-month extension. It was completed A$4 million under budget.

After the conquest of Ireland Plunkett had his lands confiscated and was transported to Connacht. His luck changed at the Restoration in 1660, however: the endless disputes between the dispossessed Irish landholders and the planters enabled him to restore his legal practice to its former esteem. He married Catherine Turner, daughter of William Turner, an Alderman of Dublin; their daughter Jane married Valentine Browne, 1st Viscount Kenmare. Nicholas Plunkett's brother, Patrick, was also prominent in Confederate politics, becoming Bishop of Ardagh in 1647 largely thanks to the backing of Rinuccini.

Little Wilbraham was an independent village by 1086, known as Little Wilbraham by the 13th century - however also known as 'Little Wilborham' during the early 17th century. In the mid-nineteenth century burials were excavated in the village, dating to the early medieval period, recovering 188 inhumations and 125 cremations, with notable finds including an iron-bound bucket and a horse burial. No ancient woodland was recorded in 1086, but 13 peasants were. The number of landholders increased to c. 40 by 1279. In 1563 there were only 21 families.

Businesses in Newmarket did get a share of the supply work, but even catering was handled by a Toronto firm. The main winners in the local area were landowners who were paid for their share of their properties that were being flooded, with total payouts being on the order of $42,000. Accusations were made that the amount paid out was based largely on political affiliation, with a number of cases being presented in which landholders were paid many times the department's own valuations. The start of construction coincided with the 1908 federal election.

The two Pew brothers were instrumental in the expansion and success of Sun Oil. Joseph N. Pew Jr. persuaded the company to lay gasoline pipelines from the Marcus Hook refinery to distribution points in Ohio, New York, and New Jersey and then negotiated with 1,000 landholders in four states for permission to cross their property. The Lindenthorpe Mansion on the Delaware River waterfront became the Sunoco plant headquarters. In 1916, Pew and his brother J. Howard, who had become Sun Oil’s president in 1912, expanded into the shipbuilding business.

The EPA classifies a brownfield as "A brownfield is a property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant." Currently in the United States there are more than 450,000 brownfields, which when improved have been shown to improve the surrounding environmental stress. Funding for these hazardous sites may be obtained through the EPA's Brownfields and Land Revitalization Program which empowers municipalities, landholders, and land developers to safely clean up and repurpose the land.

Many of the gifts of land he received from the king were temporary in nature, comprising lands forfeited by other landholders but later restored to them. In 1217 he was granted a lease of the manor of Watlington in Oxfordshire, "for his sustenance in the king's service". In 1226 he was granted Little Berkhamstead, which was later confirmed to him in fee. After his marriage in 1230 to Hawise de Newmarch, heiress of North Cadbury and many other manors, he became a major landholder in his own right.

8, 14. Beginning in 1862, an unincorporated village began to form a short distance north of Fort Garry, near the present-day intersection of Portage Avenue and Main Street. This village became home to a cluster of business enterprises of the longtime landowners of this part of the settlement such as Andrew McDermot and Andrew Bannatyne, as well as a small but growing number of entrepreneurs and small landholders who had recently arriving from the United States and Ontario. Notable among this latter group was the Ontario-born John Christian Schultz.

1659 map of Hertfordshire showing the enclosed estate of Penley A village of Pendley (or Penley, Pendele, or Pentlai) is recorded from the 4th century AD, held in the honour of Berkhampstead. The manor of Pendley pre-dates the Norman Conquest of 1066, after which it was confiscated by William the Conqueror and passed to his brother-in-law, Robert, Count of Mortain, who became one of the greatest landholders in the newly conquered Kingdom of England. A later owner was John de Angle, an early Member of Parliament.

El Super summons Mortadelo and Filemón for yet another delicate mission. An Arabic racketeer by the name of Ali-Gusa-No has sold a worthless piece of desert land to a group of ten gullible men for a hefty sum of money. Recently, however, a rich depot of uranium was discovered on this very land, making its owners potential multi-millionaires. However, too lazy to sign ten separate contracts, Ali-Gusa-No simply issued one single contract and, after signing it, tore it into ten pieces, giving one piece to each of the landholders.

The English Revolution of 1688 also played out in New York, where people of a wide variety of religious and ethnic backgrounds divided into two well-defined factions. In general, the small shopkeepers, small farmers, sailors, poor traders and artisans allied against the patroons (landholders), rich fur- traders, merchants, lawyers and crown officers. The former were led by Leisler (himself a wealthy man), the latter by Peter Schuyler, Nicholas Bayard, Stephen Van Cortlandt, William Nicolls and other representatives of the aristocratic Hudson Valley families. The Leislerians claimed greater loyalty to the Protestant accession.

2-55 In unclear circumstances he assumed the post of juez municipal in Campillos,Sánchez Rodríguez 1995, p. 2-56 the job which might have exposed him to cases of social violence. Starting July he was recorded as engaged in the establishment of a provincial landholders’ organization; later that year he became secretary of the newly emergent Federación Provincial de Sindicatos Agrícolas de MálagaRuiz Gisbert 2007, p. 195, Sánchez Rodríguez 1995, p. 2-58 and started to write agriculture-centred and conservatism-flavored articles in the local La Unión Mercantil.

199–200; Williams, DGE (1997) pp. 146–147; Andersen (1996). a king traditionally said to have deprived Norwegian landholders their heritable rights.Crawford, BE (1997) pp. 199–200; Williams, DGE (1997) pp. 146–147; Andersen (1996); Gurevic (1993); Karras (1993). Although several place names on Mann appear to date to the tenth- and eleventh-centuries, stemming from direct settlement from Norway or Norwegian colonies in Scotland and the Isles, many Manx place names that contain the Old Norse element - appear to have been coined by later settlers from Denmark or the Danelaw.

Rohrbach was first mentioned in 795 as Roorbah when a local noble, Heribold, gave his lands in Madiswil to the church in Rohrbach. In the 9th century some land around the village was given to the Abbey of St. Gall. The Abbey established an administrator in Rohrbach to manage their lands in the Oberaargau region. Since the Abbey was an Imperial Abbey, the administrator and the landholders on the Abbey's land had immunity from the local count's court and could only be arrested or tried by the Abbey court.

Aerial view by Walter Mittelholzer (1918–1937) Wynau is first mentioned in 1201 as Wimenouwe. Evidence of prehistoric settlements at Wynau include; individual Bronze Age items along the Aare river, the remains of a Roman manor at Hoferrain-Birchi and a sunken Roman ship with a rudder in the Aare. Possibly medieval graves have been found on the Höchi along with clearly medieval graves at Aegerten. During the 13th and 14th centuries, the main landholders were the local nobles, the Lord of Bechburg, the Count of Falkenstein and the Knight of Aarwangen.

128, folio 121. His relationship to Dale Abbey seems to have been similar to that of the Nottingham Jewish community,Saltman, A (ed.) (1967) The Cartulary of Dale Abbey, p. 28. allowing it to purchase encumbered estates at competitive prices, although William had an advantage over Jewish lenders in that he could hold the lands in fee during the transition period before selling to the abbey. As with the acquisitions from Jewish lenders, the original landholders were not displaced but compelled to pay rent to the abbey for their land.

Esborrany històric amb records i comentaris personals, Valls 2002, growing to its director in 1914;Francesc Nadal Piqué, Jordi Martí Henneberg, Cambio agrario y paisaje vitivinícola en la Cataluña occidental durante el primer tercio del siglo xx, [in:] Ería: Revista cuatrimestral de geografía, 88 (2012), p. 180 he was also administrator of rural holdings belonging to the local Vaciana and Miguel families.Guinovart i Escarré 1997, p. 15 Active in the local business milieu, he co-founded the local landholders’ organization Sindicato Agrícola de VallsNadal Piqué, Martí Henneberg 2012, p.

Frédéric Bastiat, one of the most popular political writers of the time, who took part in the Revolution The French middle class watched changes in Britain with interest. When Britain's Reform Act 1832 extended enfranchisement to any man paying taxes of £10 or more per year (previously the vote was restricted to landholders), France's free press took interest. Meanwhile, economically, the French working class may perhaps have been slightly better off than Britain's working class. Still, unemployment in France threw skilled workers down to the level of the proletariat.

There is an estate map and detailed description of Disert in 1849. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists two landholders in the townland. The landlord of Disert in the 19th century was James Hamilton. The Cavan Archives Service holds an assignment dated 12 March 1903 (reference number P017/0164): > Assignment made between Robert Claude Hamilton, Drummany House, County > Cavan, esquire, of the first part, William Joseph Hamilton, Castlehamilton, > County Cavan, D.L., of the second part, and Richard Allen and William Henry > Halpin, both Cavan, County Cavan, solicitors, the trustees, of the third > part.

Manning Road is a road in Perth, Western Australia, linking Albany Highway in Cannington to Kwinana Freeway in Como. It forms the entirety of State Route 26. Manning Road, along with the suburb of Manning, is named after the Manning family, significant landholders in the early years of the Swan River Colony. Henry Lucius Manning purchased land in the vicinity of Mount Henry (near modern-day Salter Point) in 1840, and likely sent his younger brother Charles Alexander Manning to conduct business on behalf of the family, rather than travel to the colony himself.

The names of the Lindenwood streets memorialize prominent citizens and landowners at the time of development. Among the landholders commemorated by street names are James McCausland, James V. Prather, Joseph Weil, Adele Tholozan, Wesley Watson, and James Fyler. Subdivider's names include Bradley, Smiley and Scanlan. Two nationally prominent Americans of the 1880s who are commemorated are General Winfield Scott Hancock, a Union general in the American Civil War and presidential nominee in 1880, and Chester A. Arthur, the Republican vice-president who succeeded to the presidency after the assassination of James A. Garfield in 1881.

Macedonians and Greeks inhabited the city-states of Alexandria, Naukratis, and Ptolemais Hermiou. Considered full citizens of those poleis, they were forbidden to marry native Egyptians (although Greeks living outside of these municipalities could). Native Egyptians and even Jews could be classified as Greeks if they abandoned their original cultures, received a Greek education, labeled their gods and goddesses with Greek names, and embraced the Greek lifestyle. Native Egyptians had been largely excluded from serving in the military by the reign of Ptolemy II, replaced by Greek and Jewish landholders called cleruchs.

The school building was restumped with concrete and steel posts, corrugated iron sheeting around the underfloor area was replaced with weatherboard and louvres, and the school was carpeted and repainted. At this time, a demountable classroom (no longer extant) was installed to the northeast of the school building, and an adventure playground was constructed to the west in 1978. From this time, consideration was given to increasing the school grounds but negotiations with neighbouring landholders were not successful. By 1979, the alternative of a replacement school site was being investigated.

In the official 1828 census, of the 18 landholders listed in the County of St Vincent only five had their proprietor in residence. The official population of the area in that year was about 90, of whom fifty percent were convicts serving their sentence, eleven percent were ex convicts and seven percent had tickets of leave. A settler could apply for 8 convict servants for every 640 acres and an extra convict for each additional 160 acres. The convicts were an essential part of the labour force, particularly in the newly opened and remote areas.

Oudh had been annexed by the East India Company only a year before a general mutiny broke out in the Company's Bengal Army. The annexation had been accompanied by several instances of expropriation of royal and landholders' estates on sometimes flimsy grounds of non-payment of taxes, or difficulties in proving title to lands. Many sepoys (native soldiers) of the Company's Bengal Army had been recruited from high-caste and landowning communities in Oudh. There was increasing unrest in the Bengal Army, as privileges and customary allowances they had previously enjoyed were withdrawn.

In 1628, a permanent military garrison was established which continued with slight interruptions until 1863. The defences were further strengthened and it was officially named Fort Falkland, after Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland who was Lord Deputy of Ireland from 1622–29. The forces of the Confederate Catholics took Banagher in 1642, but it was retaken by the Cromwellian Army in 1650, under the command of Henry Ireton, Cromwell's son-in-law. By 1652 the Cromwellian conquest was completed and the transplantation of the Catholic landholders to Connacht began in 1654.

A train of the Lugano-Cadro-Dino line Cadro is first mentioned in 735 as Cadelo. Under the Lombards kings, Cadro was mentioned in connection with the Totoniden from Campione d'Italia as a Vicus in 854. Some of the major landholders during the Middle Ages included the monastery of S. Ambrogio in Milan, the Benedictine monastery of S. Abbondio in Como and the Hospital of S. Maria in Lugano. The village of Dassone was originally part of Cadro, and was mentioned in 1591, but it was later abandoned, probably after a plague epidemic.

Tharu people in Rajapur, Nepal are either landholders, cultivate land on a sharecropping basis or are landless agricultural labourers. Tharus from the mid west and far west of Nepal have been practicing the Badghar system, where a Badghar is elected chief of a village or a small group of villages for a year. The election generally takes place in January or February after celebrating the Maghi Festival and after completing major farming activities. In most cases, each household in the village which engages in farming has one voting right for electing a Badghar.

In two papal documents from 1178 and 1186, the village is named as Vosca and Vostra. Forst is the midpoint of the Forster Kirchspiel (parish), which was already a parochial and jurisdictional entity by the Middle Ages. The landholders about 1790 were Saint Castor's Foundation (Stift St. Kastor) in Karden, the Barons of Clodt, the Counts of Leyen, the Counts Waldbott von Bassenheim, the Rosenthal Monastery and the Franciscan convent in Karden. Beginning in 1794, Forst lay under French rule, and about 1802 came Secularization of all monastic holdings.

Francisco Estévanez Rodríguez (1880 -1953) was a Spanish politician, publisher, philanthropist, agrarian syndicalist and religious activist. He is best known as deputy to the Cortes during two terms between 1931 and 1936. Politically he was a Traditionalist, first member of the Integrist branch and then active within Carlism. He also published 2 small Burgos periodicals, continuously donated money and supported various charity schemes, strove to build rural trade unions which unite landholders and farmers, and was involved in numerous Catholic initiatives usually related to the Burgos archbishopric office.

Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- There is abundance of lime & freestone in the townland but they are not quarried nor used for any purpose whatever...There is a small lake on the east side and a large one on the south boundary. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty landholders in the townland. \- Griffith's Valuation In the 19th century the landlords of Altshallon were the Annesley and Hassard Estates. In 1875 the Hassard Estate was sold to James Bracken.

The Tithe Applotment Books for 1826 list four tithepayers in the townland. Tithe Applotment Books 1826 The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- There is abundance of lime & freestone in the townland but they are not quarried nor used for any purpose whatever...There is a small lake on the east side and a large one on the south boundary. The Altshallan Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1839. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty landholders in the townland.

They also appropriated belongings of indigenous brotherhoods. Despite setbacks, indigenous authorities managed to maintain more influence here than in other parts of New Spain in keeping Spanish landholders in check. It even allowed the Cabildo in Tlaxcala to demand more influence over local authorities in Huamantla and even led to direct election of the mayor by the local, mostly indigenous, population in 1741. A second attempt to separate Huamantla from the city of Tlaxcala occurred in the second half of the 18th century, but this was also unsuccessful.

A. Grant, "Service and tenure in late medieval Scotland 1324–1475" in A. Curry and E. Matthew, eds, Concepts and Patterns of Service in the Later Middle Ages (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2000), , pp. 145–65. Below the lairds were a variety of groups, often ill-defined. These included yeomen, sometimes called "bonnet lairds", often owning substantial land. The practice of fueing (by which a tenant paid an entry sum and an annual feu duty, but could pass the land on to their heirs) meant that the number of people holding heritable possession of lands, which had previously been controlled by the church or nobility expanded.J. Wormald, Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), , pp. 51–2. These and the lairds probably numbered about 10,000 by the seventeenth century and became what the government defined as heritors, on whom the financial and legal burdens of local government would increasingly fall.J. E. A. Dawson, Scotland Re-Formed, 1488–1587 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007), , p. 331. Below the substantial landholders were the husbandmen, lesser landholders and free tenants, who were often described as cottars and grassmen,R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , p. 82.

With his father, Abraham, a master ship's carpenter, he founded the A. Cunard & Co. cargo shipping company and later the Cunard Line, a pride of the British Empire. Samuel parlayed his father's modest waterfront properties into a succession of businesses that revolutionized transatlantic shipping and passenger travel with the introduction of steam and steel. Cunard was a booster who was active in philanthropy and helped found the Chamber of Commerce, where he found business partners for his ventures in banking, mining, and other businesses. In the process he became one of the largest landholders in the Maritime Provinces.

The name Quarles originates from the name Huerueles which is old English for the place of hwerfel The name is thought to originally referred to a prehistoric stone circle which was thought to be near-by although no trace of any such feature remains today. Quarles has an entry in the Domesday Book of 1085.The Domesday Book, Englands Heritage, Then and Now, Editor: Thomas Hinde, Norfolk page 192, Quarles, In the great book Quarles is recorded by the names Gueruelei, and Huerueles. The manor is Kings Land and the main landholders being Roger Bigot, with his main tenant being Thurston Fitzguy.

Under the terms of the union, the Scots gained 30 members of parliament, but many posts were not filled, or fell to English agents of the government, and had very little say at Westminster. Initially the government was run by eight commissioners and adopted a policy of undermining the political power of the nobility in favour of the "meaner sort". From 1655 it was replaced by a new Council of Scotland, headed by Irish peer Lord Broghill, and began attempts to win over the traditional landholders. The regime built a series of major citadels and minor forts at immense cost.

This was part of an attempt to recast the government along civilian lines and to begin to win over the major landholders to the regime. The council was made up of six Englishmen, Monck, Samuel Disbrowe, Charles Howard, Adrian Scrope, Thomas Cooper and Nathaniel Whetham, and two Scots, John Swinton and William Lockhart, they were later joined by Sir Edward Rhodes as a ninth member.P. Little, Lord Broghill and the Cromwellian Union With Ireland And Scotland (Boydell Press, 2004), , p. 91. From late 1651, passes were needed to move from one area of the country to another.

A barn and 1950s Chevrolet pickup truck off Smoke Hole Road in the Canyon During the Great Depression, many of the few people then living in the Canyon left to find better jobs, and their homesteads were consolidated among a smaller number of landholders. By this time about 50 families resided in the Canyon — in 1941 there were 260 residents associated with the post office at Smoke Hole and another 49 around the one at Ketterman, three miles downstreamWest Virginia Writer's Project (1941), Op. cit., pg 347. — but World War II accelerated the out-migration and long-term population decline.

Historians have interpreted the aprisio both as an early form of feudalism and in economic and military terms as a mechanism to entice settlers to a depopulated border region. Such self- sufficient landholders would aid the Counts in providing armed men to defend the Frankish frontier. Aprisio grants (the first ones were in Septimania) were given personally by the Carolingian king, so that they reinforced loyalty to central power, to counterbalance the local power exercised by the Marcher Counts. However poor communications and a distant central power allowed basic feudal entities to develop often self-sufficient and heavily agrarian.

As settlement expanded and farming grew in the early nineteenth century, settlers began to discover that because of the fires, the barrens were among the most fertile farmlands in the state, and they quickly filled with landholders. As settlement increased, the settlers were able to stop and prevent the wild fires that hindered forest growth and by the start of the 20th century, much of the barrens that were uninhabited began to grow up in Forrest, as it has remained until modern times. A post office was established at Central Barren in 1890, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1905.

In 1765, Polk participated in the War of Sugar Creek, in which local settlers took up arms against large private landholders who were speculating on real estate in the area of what is now Charlotte. During that conflict, speculator Henry McCulloh attempted to have a large tract of land that had been granted to him by the Crown surveyed and subdivided. The settlers in Anson County objected, as McCulloh sought to interfere with what they considered their established rights in the land. During the confrontation into the settlers and the land agents, McCulloh attempted to evict Polk from his home.

3Socrates of Constantinople, Historia ecclesiastica, 3.18 When the curia still took no substantial action in regards to the food shortage, Julian intervened, fixing the prices for grain and importing more from Egypt. Then landholders refused to sell theirs, claiming that the harvest was so bad that they had to be compensated with fair prices. Julian accused them of price gouging and forced them to sell. Various parts of Libanius' orations may suggest that both sides were justified to some extentLibanius, Orations, 18.195 & 16.21Libanius, Orations, 1.126 & 15.20 while Ammianus blames Julian for "a mere thirst for popularity".

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Ghirths were the dominant low-caste cultivators and marginal landholders in the Himachal region. Since they were considered as a 'clean' (not untouchable) low caste, they were employed as domestic servants by the higher castes: their 'clean' status allowed them to perform tasks such as fetching water or cleaning cooking utensils, which the untouchable servants were not allowed to do. Nevertheless, the Rajput, who were the dominant landholding caste of the region, had imposed social restrictions on them. Around 1926, the Ghirths started a movement to achieve upward social mobility, and started opposing these restrictions.

The Yeomanry Cavalry was the mounted component of the British Volunteer Corps, a military auxiliary established in the late 18th century amid fears of invasion and insurrection during the French Revolutionary Wars. A yeoman was a person of respectable standing, one social rank below a gentleman, and the yeomanry was initially a rural, county-based force. Members were required to provide their own horses and were recruited mainly from landholders and tenant farmers, though the middle class also featured prominently in the rank and file. Officers were largely recruited from among the nobility and landed gentry.

A Review of the London Volunteer Cavalry and Flying Artillery in Hyde Park in 1804 The appeal for volunteers led to the creation of the Volunteer Corps, of which the Gentlemen and Yeomanry Cavalry, as it was then called, was the mounted component.Wyndham-Quin p. 7 A yeoman was traditionally a freeholder of respectable standing, one social rank below a gentleman, and the yeomanry's ranks were filled largely by landholders and tenant farmers. The officers were appointed by royal commission, in the person of the Lord Lieutenant, and generally came from the nobility and landed gentry.

The land forfeited to the Conqueror was re-granted by him to be held by knight-service due to the king, not to the mesne lord as in European continental feudalism. In 1086 at the council of Salisbury all the landholders swore fealty to the crown. In the full vigour of feudalism the inhabitants of England were either free or not free. The free inhabitants held their lands either by free tenure or by a tenure which was originally that of a non-free inhabitant, but attached to land in the possession of a free man.

Jefferson envisioned a society of small landholders, continuing the system set up by John Locke for the colonies that became North and South Carolina. However, the adoption of the fee simple model of land titles encouraged large landholdings that would make it more difficult to establish ward republics everywhere. The ward republic model has continued to be advocated by reformers, especially some Libertarians, who argue that the trend toward government centralization presents a threat to rights and liberty, discourages civic virtue, and encourages dependency. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is organized into wards at the most local level.

For example, the expanding population and rising market of the 13th century meant that pasture land was brought under increasingly close management, which posed dangers for small landholders and tenants, like White Ladies. The priory must have acquired a small estate at Rudge, near Pattingham but within Shropshire, some time before 1292 as in that year Prioress Sarra (Sarah) sued William de Rugg, the lord of the manor for denying her use of common pasture.Eyton, volume 3, p. 208-9. Unlike some of the other cases brought to court, this was not a fictitious issue intended to create a record.

After at first failing to obtain government funding for such a road in 1839, landholders from around Braidwood and Nerriga decided to fund and build their own road from Nerriga to Jervis Bay. The principal advocates and financial backers for the new road were Colonel John McKenzie of Nerriga and Dr. Thomas Braidwood Wilson of Braidwood. Wealthy and influential colonists Terence Aubrey Murray, Alexander Berry, Robert Campbell, Thomas Walker and James Macarthur were also supporters of the new road. Edward Deas Thompson—at the time the Colonial Secretary of New South Wales—stood to benefit from the construction of the road.

Internal migration was likewise instrumental in the development of the new domains emerging in former royal lands. The new landholders granted personal freedom and more favorable financial conditions to those who arrived in their estates, which also enabled the peasants who decided not to move to improve their position. Béla IV granted privileges to more than a dozen towns, including Nagyszombat (Trnava, Slovakia) and Pest. Although threatening letters sent to Béla IV by the khans of the Golden Horde proved that the danger of a new Mongol invasion still existed, he adopted an expansionist foreign policy.

Most roads in the Lowlands were maintained by justices from a monetary levy on landholders and work levy on tenants. The development of national grain prices indicates the network had improved considerably by the early eighteenth century. By the end of the seventeenth century, the drover's roads, stretching down from the Highlands through south-west Scotland to north-east England and used for the transport of Highland Cattle for the English meat market, had become firmly established.R. A. Houston, Scottish Literacy and the Scottish Identity: Illiteracy and Society in Scotland and Northern England, 1600–1800 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), , p. 16.

Samuel Haslam owned various grants beside Haslams Creek from 1804. A railway station called Haslam's Creek was opened in this area in 1859, on the railway line from Sydney to Parramatta. Haslam's Creek is sometimes referred to as Haslem's Creek.The Department of Railways Research and Information Section (1966) Railway Quiz (Department of Railways) p11 Although it had not been intended to construct a station at Haslam's Creek, the then owner of the land where the station now stands, Father John Joseph Therry, together with nearby landholders Potts and Blaxland, agreed to pay £700 to enable its construction.

The Madras Legislative Council had a total of 132 members in addition to the ex - officio members of the Governor's Executive Council. Out of the 132, 98 were elected from 61 constituencies of the presidency. The constituencies comprised three arbitrary divisions - 1) communal constituencies such as non-Muhammadan urban, non-Muhammadan rural, non-Brahman urban, Mohamaddan urban, Mohamaddan rural, Indian Christian, European and Anglo-Indian 2) special constituencies such as landholders, Universities, planters and trade associations (South India Chamber of Commerce & Nattukottai Nagarathar Association) and 3) territorial constituencies. 28 of the constituencies were reserved for non- Brahmans.

The Madras Legislative Council had a total of 127 members in addition to the ex–officio members of the Governor's Executive Council. Out of the 127, 98 were elected from 61 constituencies of the presidency. The constituencies comprised three arbitrary divisions – 1)communal constituencies such as non-Muhammadan urban, non-Muhammadan rural, non-Brahman urban, Mohamaddan urban, Mohamaddan rural, Indian Christian, European and Anglo-Indian 2)special constituencies such as landholders, Universities, planters and trade associations (South India Chamber of Commerce & Nattukottai Nagarathar Association) and 3) territorial constituencies. 28 of the constituencies were reserved for non-Brahmans.

By 1925, after more consolidation, C. Brewer handled 25% of the islands' sugar and was one of Hawaii's largest corporate landholders. In 1930 the new C. Brewer headquarters building was built at 827 Fort Street in the heart of downtown Honolulu's business district which is on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Oahu. In 1959, seeing the need for further diversification, the company entered the macadamia nut industry, and in the 1990s produced the majority of the world's macadamia nuts under the name Mauna Loa Macadamia Nut Corporation. Between 1978 and 1986, the company was owned by International Utilities Corp.

Biographer, Tim Sherratt, believes that even if Jones' predictions were not valid, he was providing farmers with data on average seasonal conditions in a form that they could use and understand. It may have been that not only the content of his forecasts was important, but the way landholders integrated them with their own knowledge of the local environment. The observatory building at Crohamhurst, which was financed by the Seasonal Weather Forecasting Trust and the Colonial Sugar Refining Co., was opened on 13 August 1935 by the Queensland Governor Sir Leslie Wilson, Inigo Jones' friend and supporter.

This is shown upon Charles Sloane's map of 1742. In 1794 it was described in the Sun Fire Assurance ledgers as ‘Lath and Plaister and tyled’, serving at that period as the rectory house for parson David Evans. About 50 years later, its frontage would be cased in with local brick. Its origins are possibly very ancient, for in the deeds of Merton College, Oxford is a document of 1272 relating to West Tilbury, to which several local landholders were witness, including ‘John of the Well’ (de fonte). The Saxon word ‘well’ meant a spring of water, or natural fountain.

Allotment of lands to individuals made under the treaties with the Miami permitted some members of the tribe to remain on the land as private landholders under the terms of the Treaty of St. Mary's. Individuals also received additional land allotments in subsequent treaties. Allotments given to tribal leaders and others were intended to reinforce the European concept of land use, but they could also be interpreted as bribes.Glenn and Rafert, p. 52. In five treaties negotiated with the Miami between 1818 and 1840, Jean Baptist Richardville received 44 quarter sections of Indiana land in separate allotments and Francis Godfroy received 17 sections.

67 Galeana was of Afro-Mexican mixed-race from the west coast of Mexico where there was considerable racial mixture of the indigenous Indians, Africans and Asians brought to Mexico as slaves. Also part of the mix were non-hispanic pirates who operated on the west coast, which was a stronghold for independence. Galeana's family were landholders and "family name is said to be hispanicized from English," with the founder in Mexico being an English pirate who jumped ship, marrying a local woman. His portrait shows him as light-complected in a region with many dark morenos.

Nizar's administration granted freehold title to ethnic Chinese landholders in the settlements called as New Villages (Kampung Baru) in Perak. The Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister, Dato' Seri Najib Tun Razak disputed the state government's ability to grant the freehold titles, instead saying that the jurisdiction lied federally. Almost every act of his administration was criticised by the Malaysian mainstream press, especially by Utusan Malaysia and Berita Harian, an UMNO-owned, Malay- nationalist newspaper. Nizar's administration was hounded by constant accusations of being a proxy to the DAP which had the majority seats in the State Assembly.

On 10 December 1905, the Landholders Society organized a meeting at Park Street, attended by around 1500 delegates, including Rabindranath Tagore, Aurobindo Ghosh, Raja Subodh Chandra Mullick and Brajendra Kishore Roychowdhury. The idea of the National Council of Education was mooted here. While in a meeting held on 9 November 1905 at the Field and Academic Club, Subodh Chandra Mullick pledged Rupees one lakh for the foundation of a National University in Bengal. The objective in setting up the institution that was to challenge the British rule over education by offering education to the masses 'on national lines and under national control'.

This class system had a king and his ealdormen at the top, under whom were the thegns, or landholders, and then the various categories of agricultural workers below them. Beneath all of these was a class of slaves, who may have made up as much as a quarter of the population. The majority of the populace lived in the countryside, although a few large towns had developed, namely London and York, which were centres of royal and ecclesiastical administration. There were also a number of trading ports, such as Hamwic and Ipswich, where foreign trade took place.

Osbern held Richard's Castle at the time of Domesday Book in 1086. His holding of Richard's Castle as a tenant-in-chief is considered to have made him a feudal baron. Domesday Book records Osbern as owning lands adjacent to his father's lands in 1066, while his father was still alive. Osbern added to the lands he had held in 1066 not only by inheritance from his father, but also from his marriage, from royal gifts, and by enfeoffment from other landholders such as the bishop of Worcester and the Robert de Montgomery, the earl of Shrewsbury.

The Frederick Kindleberger Stone House and Barn is a historic farmstead in the rural southeastern region of the U.S. state of Ohio. Located near the village of Clarington in Monroe County, the complex is distinguished by its heavy masonry architecture, and it has been named a historic site. Born in Bavaria in 1835, Frederick Kindleberger emigrated to Monroe County and became one of Switzerland Township's larger landholders, owning a farm that eventually surpassed . In this rural area, most construction employed lighter materials; barns, for example, were virtually all frame structures, and the occasional exceptions were log structures.

The gentry distinguished themselves in society through their intellectual and antiquarian pursuits, while the homes of prominent landholders attracted a variety of courtiers, including artisans, artists, educational tutors, and entertainers. Despite the disdain for trade, commerce and the merchant class exhibited by the highly cultured and elite exam-drafted scholar-officials, commercialism played a prominent role in Song culture and society. A scholar-official would be frowned upon by his peers if he pursued means of profiteering outside of his official salary; however, this did not stop many scholar-officials from managing business relations through the use of intermediary agents.

On 30 April 1711, with the Treaty of Szatmár, a group of Hungarian nobles led by Károlyi deserted its leader Rákóczi and recognized Habsburg rule. In turn, the Habsburgs recognized the traditional constitution and privileges of Hungary. Although the Hungarian claim over Transylvania was not confirmed, at least not positively, Vienna recognized the rights of Protestants, Hungarian autonomy (especially with regard to the taxation of landholders), and the Hungarian Diet was considered sacrosanct. The compromise was confirmed in the Pragmatic Sanction, although the rights of Protestants continued to be a contested issue well through the remainder of the century.

They installed organs and hired musicians, following the practice in English parish churches, singing in the liturgy as well as metrical psalms, while the non-jurors had to worship covertly and less elaborately. When the two branches united in the 1790s, the non-juring branch soon absorbed the musical and liturgical traditions of the qualified churches.R. M. Wilson, Anglican Chant and Chanting in England, Scotland, and America, 1660 to 1820 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996), , p. 192. Catholic worship was deliberately low key, usually in the private houses of recursant landholders or in domestic buildings adapted for services.

Social and cultural differences were distinctly apparent between agrarian villages such as Shelford and Gamston, the colliery village of Cotgrave, and commuter-dominated Radcliffe. The common practice of naming the school after the local manorial family was not possible as, although both the de Manvers and Pierrepont families were significant historical landholders, neither had held the area in its entirety. The only family to have done so were the De Aincurts, who held the land in the years following the Norman Conquest. Using the modern spelling of the name, it was agreed that the school should be renamed Dayncourt.

In Queensland and Western Australia the vote was specifically denied to people of indigenous Australian descent. Despite these forms of discrimination, the electorates of Australian lower houses were, paradoxically, socially broader than those existing in most other countries at the time. However, in each colony an upper house (usually known as the legislative council) continued to be composed of members that were nominated by the governor of each colony and/or were elected under a restricted franchise that usually included a property qualification. This ensured that each upper house continued to be unrepresentative and dominated by wealthy landholders.

Before the 1980s, there are no historical registrations of a "Tapeba" people anywhere in Brazil. To contextualize this, the Tapeba are one of about 50 groups presently living in Brazil's Northeast—where Indians are generally thought to be extinct because of this region's early colonial incursions—that have reemerged as political entities since the 1970s. Without exception, these groups seek official recognition and legal recourse to a better material existence, at the center of which are almost invariably violent turf wars with white landholders. In fact, many such groups in Bahia, Sergipe and Alagoas are racially Afrobrazilian.

The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as Drumcar. The Drumcar Valuation Office Field books are available for 1840. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists nine landholders in the townland. The landlords of Drumcanon in the 19th century were Patrick McManus and the Hassard Estate . On Monday the 13th of November 1922 a young man, James Martin of Drumcar, was shot dead when his father’s home was raided by armed men. The family were saying the rosary when the armed men entered their house ordering the occupants to ‘put up their hands’, James refused and was shot dead.

Threats ensued, followed by litigation. While the disputing landholders were away at court in Edinburgh, the corn ripened and their wives had it cut down and fed it to the cattle of both properties, thus ending the dispute.McKerlie, p422 In 1683, following the Covenanter insurrection in Scotland, Patrick Heron's son Andrew Heron (c.1617–1695) was fined 5000 Scottish merks by the Privy Council of Scotland for "being at house and field conventicles, and intercommuning with, and resetting his son Patrick Heron a ring leader at (the battle of) Bothwell Bridge, and his son in law who had been likewise there".

231 In September, Stevens gave a widely reprinted speech in Lancaster in which he set forth what he wanted for the South. He proposed that the government confiscate the estates of the largest 70,000 landholders there, those who owned more than . Much of this property he wanted distributed in plots of to the freedmen; other lands would go to reward loyalists in both North and South, or to meet government obligations. He warned that under the President's plan, the southern states would send rebels to Congress who would join with northern Democrats and Johnson to govern the nation and perhaps undo emancipation.

During the Great Depression, landholders whose property fronted onto highways built cabins to convert unprofitable land to income; some opened tourist homes. The (usually single- story) buildings for a roadside motel or cabin court were quick and simple to construct, with plans and instructions readily available in how-to and builder's magazines. Expansion of highway networks largely continued unabated through the depression as governments attempted to create employment but the roadside cabin camps were primitive, basically just auto camps with small cabins instead of tents. The 1935 City Directory for San Diego, California, lists "motel"-type accommodations under tourist camps.

The Scots were soon followed by four Irish cattlemen from the Monaro. John Pendergast was at Lake Omeo (in Benambra) by 1836, John Hyland took up a run at Hinnomunjie (a locality between Benambra and Omeo), Edmund Buckley moved to Tongio Munjie and Ensay, south of Omeo, in 1836, and his stepson, Patrick Buckley, was at Benambra by 1839. Many of these surnames are still common in the area. By the time of 1839 and 1840 wealthy landholders in New South Wales had become interested in the Gippsland region and funded further exploration of the region.

Two tracts about this time exercised great influence in the country. One of them, Fads Addressed to Landholders, etc. (1780), written by Horne in conjunction with others, criticizing the measures of Lord North's ministry, passed through numerous editions; the other, A Letter on Parliamentary Reform (1782), addressed by him to Dunning, set out a scheme of reform, which he afterwards withdrew in favour of that advocated by William Pitt the Younger. On his return from Huntingdonshire he became once more a frequent guest at Tooke's house at Purley, and in 1782 assumed the name of Horne Tooke.

Strathalbyn circa 1869 Strathalbyn, looking north-east from St Andrew's Church, 1906 The town was founded in 1839, the first landholders being Dr. Rankine, followed by Donald McLean. In 1846 the cadastral division, the Hundred of Strathalbyn, was proclaimed including the township of Strathalbyn at the south-western corner of the division. The streets were laid out in a broad and liberal manner, with a large area reserved on either side of the River Angas for recreation purposes, plus a site for a Presbyterian Church and cemetery.Cox, Philip & Stacey, Wesley (1973), Historic towns of Australia, Melbourne, Lansdowne, p.172.

In 1925, the Polish government enacted a land reform program intended to redistribute land from large landowners to small farmers. Because German landowners generally owned the biggest tracts of land, they were the first to be affected. The Polish voivode, Wiktor Lamot, stressed that "the part of Pomorze through which the so-called Corridor runs must be cleansed of larger German holdings." Because the German landholders who had remained in the Polish part of Pomerania resented their loss of status and the privileged position they had enjoyed before the land reform, they then became nationalistic and anti-Polish in their outlook.

Ramakrishna Ranga Rao made his entry into politics when he was nominated a member of the Council of State, the upper house of the Imperial Legislative Assembly of India in 1925. He served as a member of the assembly till 1927. Ramakrishna Ranga Rao contested the Madras general elections of 1930 from the Vizagapatam constituency as a Justice Party (India) candidate against the Nationalist Party nominee, C.V.S. Narasimha Raju, and polled 28,000 more votes than his opponent. He also attended the second Round Table Conference held in London in 1931 as a representative of the Indian landholders.

There was no formal border between English and French territory. Many landholders owned a patchwork of widely separated estates, perhaps owing fealty to a different overlord for each, or holding some rights from the French Crown as the monarch and others from the English Crown as their liege lord. Each small estate was likely to have a fortified tower or keep, with larger estates having castles. Fortifications were also constructed at transport choke points, to collect tolls and to restrict military passage; fortified towns grew up alongside all bridges and most fords over the many rivers in the region.

About this time want of funds forced Mubáriz-ul-Mulk to sell the greater part of the Dholka district to different landholders. In the following year, 1727, Bájiráv Peshwa began to negotiate with Mubáriz-ul-Mulk, undertaking that if the one-fourth and one-tenth shares in the revenue of the province were guaranteed to him, he would protect Gujarát from other invaders. Though he did not consent to these proposals, the viceroy so far accepted the alliance of the Peshwa as to allow the governor of Baroda to aid Udáji Pavár against Píláji. ;Piláji Gáikwár obtains Baroda and Dabhoi, 1727.

The establishment of the Sherwood Arboretum was only achieved through cooperation between these groups and various levels of government, demonstrating the importance of the project. In keeping with a long tradition of tree planting by eminent persons, the Arboretum contains plantings by the then Governor, Sir Mathew Nathan, and numerous distinguished scientists, politicians, local landholders and community leaders. The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage. Sherwood Arboretum appears to be unique among Queensland's public open spaces and botanical gardens by its concentration on tree species native to Queensland, and by the virtual exclusion of exotics.

All those efforts led to the formation of one more representative body, namely the Sri Moolam Popular Assembly of Travancore. This Assembly of the representatives of the landholders and merchants, aimed at giving the people an opportunity of bringing to the notice of Government their requirements, wishes or grievances on the one hand, and on the other, to make the policy and measures of Government better known to the people so that all possible grounds of misconception may be removed. That was on 1 October 1904. Though the popular assembly contained representatives of tax-payers, it finally became a people's representatives body.

Funeral in Galicia by Teodor Axentowicz, 1882 Poverty in Galicia was extreme, particularly in the late 19th century. The reasons included little interest in reform from the major landholders and the Austrian government, population growth resulting in small peasant plots, lack of education, primitive agricultural techniques, and a vicious circle of chronic malnutrition; famine; and disease, reducing productivity. Poverty in the province was so widespread that the term "Galician misery" (nędza galicyjska) or "Galician poverty" (bieda galicyjska) has become proverbial, and the poverty and regular famines in the region were often compared to the situation in British Ireland.

In Scotland the term heritor was used to denote the feudal landholders of a parish until the early 20th century. For example, in the early 20th century the heritors of the Highland Parish of Crathie and Braemar were the estates of Mar Lodge, Invercauld, Balmoral, and Abergeldie. Historically, land-holding in Scotland is feudal in nature, meaning that all land is technically "owned" by the Crown, which, centuries ago, gave it out – feued it – to various tenants-in- chief in return for specified services or obligations. These obligations became largely financial in time, or ceremonial or at least notional.

Landholders figuring in county records were resident by 1222 and houses were recorded from the late 13th century. The main settlement, Church Acton or Acton town, lay slightly west of the centre of the parish along the highway to Oxford (Uxbridge Road) at the 5-mile post out of London. By 1380 some of the tenements, such as The Tabard and The Cock, along the south side of the road, were inns. The hamlet of East Acton, mentioned in 1294, consisted of farmhouses and cottages north and south of common land known as East Acton green by 1474.

Christina Hölz, "Fritz Schnitzler: Ein Kämpfer für den Bauernstand" , Südwest Presse, 20 July 2011 "Landwirt mit Kampfgeist und Beharrlichkeit", Reutlinger General-Anzeiger, 21 July 2011 . In January 1962 he was elected president of the then agricultural association of Reutlingen and in 1975 he united it with its counterpart in Münsingen to form the agricultural association of the District of Reutlingen (Kreisbauernverband Reutlingen e.V). He served as its chairman (Kreisobmann) from 1975 to 1992. During this time he also co-founded the landholders' association of Baden-Württemberg (Landesbauernverband in Baden-Württemberg) and became its first lobbyist in the state parliament.

Rural society in the 1980s was a combination of cooperatives (approximately 73% of the agricultural labor force), state farms (18%), and private farms (9%). This represented a dramatic change from the First Republic with its politically active middle-sized farmers, small landholders, and differentiated labor force. Collectivized agriculture has not lacked occupational specialists, but there is no doubt that the socialist regime has streamlined rural society. Differences have persisted, but a dramatic leveling has taken place. Collectivization began in 1949 with the Unified Agricultural Cooperatives Act. The KSC pushed collectivization efforts early in the 1950s and again later in the decade.

The New PLA made a number of demands, including monetary compensation for the impacts of the mine, a 50 per cent share of mine revenue to the landholders, and a transfer of ownership to Bougainville. The PNG Government set up an independent inquiry which dismissed the claims about the environmental impact but was critical of other parts of the mine's operation. In response, Ona established the Bougainville Revolutionary Army (BRA), which conducted numerous acts of sabotage against the mine including the destruction of the mine's power supply. The mine was closed by Bougainville Copper in May 1989.

It did not fall until 921 when his son Süleyman surrendered it to Abd-ar-Rahman III . After the fall of the Caliphate of Córdoba, Tolox came under the Kingdom of Granada and it was not turned over to Ferdinand and Isabella, Los Reyes Católicos ("The Catholic Monarchs") until 1485 by Sancho de Angula. Tolox continued to have a large Moorish population and at Christmas 1539 there was civil strife between the predominantly moorish peasants and the Christian landholders. Each year during Carnival Tolox commemorates these events with the "Dia de los polvos", ("Day of the Powder").

Looking north from Gardiner Gardiner is an unincorporated community in Jefferson County, Washington, United States. (Additionally, part of Clallam County located along the Jefferson County line adjacent to Gardiner is often referred to as being part of Gardiner.) Gardiner is located on the Miller Peninsula, at the northern coast of the Olympic Peninsula on Discovery Bay, which enters the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Gardiner is primarily a rural- residential community, with mostly five- and parcels, plus several large landholders. Gardiner also has a few retail establishments, a community center, and a church, all located on U.S. Route 101.

The municipality's arms might be described thus: Argent a bend sinister wavy azure issuant therefrom in dexter chief a demilion of the same armed and langued gules, in sinister base a snowflake of the second. The charge on the dexter (armsbearer's right, viewer's left) side, the “demilion” (“half lion”), is an heraldic device formerly borne by the Counts of Veldenz, Callbach's mediaeval landholders. The other elements in the composition are canting for the village's original name, Kaltenbach, which meant “cold brook”. The bend sinister wavy (slanted wavy stripe) stands for a brook, and the snowflake symbolizes coldness.

The courts could suspend recent possession orders, could suspend the execution of an order for possession for up to twelve months and could impose certain conditions and terms. There were a few exceptions (e.g., tenancies the following Acts applied to: Small Landholders (Scotland) Acts 1886-1931, Tenancy of Shops (Scotland) Act 1949, Agricultural Holdings (Scotland) Act 1949, Crofters (Scotland) Acts 1955-1961). Nothing affected the operation of the Small Tenements Recovery Act 1838 (which included brothels and premises acquired for defence purposes) or the Pluralities Act 1838 or the Lecturers and Parish Clerks Act 1844 (ecclesiastical property).

Native Hawaiian politician John Adams Cummins, son of High Chiefess Kaumakaokane Papaliʻaiʻaina, made Carter trustee of his estate. He was one of the executors of the estate of James Campbell, husband of Abigail Kuaihelani Campbell who was a descendant of the Kalanikini line of Maui chieftains. At the time of his death, Campbell was one of the largest landholders in the Territory of Hawaii and left an estate estimated at $3,000,000. He was designated as trustee and/or estate manager of numerous non-nobility trusts, including that of his brother Henry A. P. Carter, and as a trustee of Central Union Church.

Though he controlled at least a quarter of Singapore's housing market, Ng lived in the same house he'd had for 30 years, and used to take his own lunch on the airplanes. Ng suffered a cerebral hemorrhage on 23 January 2010 and, after an unsuccessful operation, died on 2 February 2010 at the age of 82. At his death, he was reportedly the richest person in Singapore. At the time of his death, Sino Group was one of Hong Kong's largest real estate developers, and Far East Organization remained one of the largest landholders in Singapore.

Despite, or perhaps because of, the sustained and severe punishment meted out by the government's Native Police, Aboriginal resistance in the immediate region continued with the killing of six station-hands in April 1858. Local settlers decided to augment the official Native Police divisions with a privately funded squad of armed black troopers under the leadership of ex-Native Police Commandant Frederick Walker. Walker was previously sacked from the force in 1854 for inebriation and embezzlement. He recruited Aboriginal troopers who had either deserted or quit the Native Police and conducted punitive patrols for the local landholders as far away as Roma.

The Madras Legislative Council had a total of 127 members in addition to the ex - officio members of the Governor's Executive Council. Out of the 127, 98 were elected from 61 constituencies of the presidency. The constituencies comprised three arbitrary divisions - 1)communal constituencies such as non-Muhammadan urban, non-Muhammadan rural, non-Brahman urban, Mohamaddan urban, Mohamaddan rural, Indian Christian, European and Anglo-Indian 2)special constituencies such as landholders, Universities, planters and trade associations (South India Chamber of Commerce & Nattukottai Nagarathar Association) and 3) territorial constituencies. 28 of the constituencies were reserved for non- Brahmans.

The Madras Legislative Council had a total of 132 members in addition to the ex officio members of the Governor's Executive Council. Out of the 132, 98 were elected from 61 constituencies of the presidency. The constituencies comprised three arbitrary divisions - 1)communal constituencies such as non-Muhammadan urban, non-Muhammadan rural, non-Brahman urban, Mohamaddan urban, Mohamaddan rural, Indian Christian, European and Anglo-Indian 2)special constituencies such as landholders, Universities, planters and trade associations (South India Chamber of Commerce & Nattukottai Nagarathar Association) and 3) territorial constituencies. 28 of the constituencies were reserved for non-Brahmans.

Mentored by Andrew Hamilton from an early age, Chew was highly effective in defending civil liberties and settling boundary disputes; he represented the descendants of William Penn and their proprietorship, the largest landholders in Pennsylvania, for more than 60 years. In 1757 Chew entered private practice: he derived most of his income from that, managing his second wife's considerable estate, and collecting quit-rents from his various properties.Konkle, 1932, p. 50-51. Chew continued the family practice of investing in land in the American colonies until the end of his life, expanding their holdings in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, and New Jersey.

Operational areas are made up of eight major zones. In the Fitz-Stirling section of 'the Link' Greening Australia, Bush Heritage Australia, Fitzgerald Biosphere Group, Carbon Neutral and other private landholders and individuals are working together to reconnect the Stirling Range and Fitzgerald River National Parks, currently separated by only 70 km of mainly cleared land. About 2000 ha has been revegetated within this landscape. Land acquisitions and conservation covenants aim to protect the most ecologically important and at-risk private lands, while restoration ecologists help assemble and apply the latest revegetation techniques to restore native bush habitats.

In 1002, Emperor Basil II () instituted the allelengyon as a specific law, which obliged the wealthier landholders (the dynatoi) to cover for the arrears of the poorer tax-payers. Its exact provisions are unknown, but the law proved unpopular with the wealthier sections of society. Pressure from the Church led to its cancellation in 1028, by Romanos III Argyros (). However, the term appears in the sources as late as the turn of the 12th century, when the future Patriarch of Constantinople Nicholas Mouzalon accused tax collectors of still applying the allelengyon to extract taxes from peasants.

In 1563, the town of Ayapango was begun to be built. By 1673, what is now the municipality of Ayapango was a small collection of communities, with most of the land owned by a few wealthy landholders such as the widow of Lorenzo de San Pedro and Nicolás de Galicia, who was the chief of the town of Ayapango. Historically, the economy of Ayapango has been based on the cultivation of corn and wheat, selling the harvests in Mexico City, either by land or via what was Lake Chalco. These trips were hazardous as robbers were a serious problem.

R. Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603–1745 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), , pp. 127 and 145. In the countryside, where the majority of the population lived, it relied on funds raised and distributed by the kirk session, usually led by the parish minister and reliant on the generosity of local landholders, particularly the local laird. The role of the minister was undermined by the results of the change of regime in the Glorious Revolution in Scotland, which meant that many episcopalian ministers had been ejected from their livings and had not been replaced by the time of the famines.

He explained much of his policy as to a Dublin > Parliament, and as to Land purchase. I objected to the Land policy as > unnecessary—the Act of 1881 had done all that was reasonable for the > tenants—why adopt the policy of the rebel party, and get rid of landholders, > and thus evict the English garrison as the rebels call them? I denied the > value of the security for repayment. Mr G. argued that his finance > arrangements would be better than present system of purchase, and that we > were bound in honour to succour the landlords, which I contested.

During Richard's brief reign Zouche became a leading political figure. His family's influence in Northamptonshire was useful to the King, who otherwise relied mainly on the Yorkshire nobility for his political support. Zouche in turn sought to expand his influence in Cornwall, and also in Devonshire, where his wife's family, the Dynhams, were major landholders who had gained considerable political power under Edward IV. Zouche's political career was destroyed at the Battle of Bosworth. Being staunchly loyal to Richard, he fought for him in the battle, and was captured by the victorious Tudor army either during it or shortly afterwards.

These rights were probably held by the Benedictine Abbey of St. Ambrose in Milan and Como Cathedral. In the 15th Century, the Duke of Milan acquired some of these rights. Other landholders included; in 1423, the hospital of S. Maria of Lugano, the S. Giuseppe Hospital and in 1514, the monastery of Santa Maria del Carmelo in Piacenza. In 1529, the rights of San Giuseppe and the Monastery of Santa Maria del Carmelo transferred to the Laghi family of Lugano. The parish of Lamone (which also included Cadempino) is acknowledged as an independent parish in 1468.

Timms commenced painting on canvas in the 1990s at Turkey Creek / Warmun in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. In 2002, a controversy that came to involve Timms developed when writer Keith Windschuttle argued that claims made by some historians about the killing of indigenous people by white landholders were false. Windschuttle's arguments were part of a broader debate about Australian indigenous historiography and conflict between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. One argument put in this debate was that some authors, including Windschuttle, were privileging written history (which was at that time invariably recorded by white Australians) over oral histories of indigenous people.

The priory was also grant the right to a tithe, in cash or in kind, from the landholders in Aldcliffe. The foundation charter was confirmed by the Pope in 1133 and 1143. Gilbert fitz Roger fitz Reinfried had some interest similar to the Lord of the Manor for village between 1149 and 1188. Gilbert had a causeway build on Aldeciffe land adjacent to the Stodday mill pond for which he paid the priory "one pound of pepper at the feast of St. Michael annually" and tithes from the mill and of the fish in the pond.

However, the party as a whole did much better in rural areas, attracting as much as 18 per cent of the vote in some regions. This was partly because Hitler had publicly stated just prior to the election that Point 17 of the party programme, which mandated the expropriation of land without compensation, would apply only to Jewish speculators and not private landholders. After the election, the party refocused their efforts to try to attract still more votes in the agricultural sector. In May, shortly after the election, Hitler considered appointing Goebbels as party propaganda chief.

Yuma Project construction office In 1854, the United States purchased the future Yuma Project's land in the Gasden Purchase but had created the Fort Yuma Indian Reservation in 1884 to settle the indigenous Quechuan Indians. Much of the land was disputed in the 1890s and in 1910, the Dawes Severalty Act opened the land to white settlers which led to further disputes. A series of court battles between the United States and the landholders led to the United States winning a decision and acquiring the land in 1898. Farmers immediately began constructing gravity-fed irrigation systems in the area which proved inconsistent and ultimately ineffective.

The creation of the Worimi Conservation Lands occurred in February 2007. Its creation was the result of extensive efforts by the Worimi people to have this area reserved to ensure the protection of their cultural heritage, and recognition of their communities association with the area for thousands of years. The Worimi Conservation Lands are overseen by a Board comprising a majority of stakeholders from the Worimi Community, plus representatives from the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, Port Stephens Local Council, nearby landholders, and a conservationist representative. The Worimi Conservation Lands will be managed according to a Plan of Management prepared by the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service.

Epstein Economic and Social History pp. 184–185 Although serfdom declined in Western Europe it became more common in Eastern Europe, as landlords imposed it on those of their tenants who had previously been free.Epstein Economic and Social History pp. 246–247 Most peasants in Western Europe managed to change the work they had previously owed to their landlords into cash rents. The percentage of serfs amongst the peasantry declined from a high of 90 to closer to 50 percent by the end of the period. Landlords also became more conscious of common interests with other landholders, and they joined together to extort privileges from their governments.

A Countryside Commission Scotland (CSS) was established under the Countryside (Scotland) Act 1967.B. Cullingworth and V. Nadin, Town and Country Planning in the UK (London: Routledge, 2003), , p. 329 The SSSI were strengthened by the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, which for the first time introduced the concept of payments to farmers for inactivity in relation to specific sites and shifted the burden of proof from conservationists having to prove harm, to landholders having to prove that harm was not taking place. The NCC was broken up in 1991 and in Scotland was merged with CSS to produce Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), under a UK-wide Joint Nature Conservation Committee.

The rising forced a change of policy by the regime, which instead of attempting to replace the landholding classes now looked for a reconciliation with former Royalists and Engagers. This resulted in the Act of Grace and Pardon, proclaimed in Edinburgh on 5 May 1654. Instead of a blanket forfeiture among those implicated in resistance, it named 24 persons (mainly from the nobility) whose lands would be seized, and 73 other landholders who could retain their estates after paying a fine. Even then most of those names were treated with leniency and fines were remitted for confiscations, or were reduced, and some were abandoned.

An estimated 30% of deforestation is due to small farmers; the rate of deforestation in areas they inhabit is greater than in areas occupied by medium and large ranchers, who own 89% of the Legal Amazon's private land. This underlines the importance of using previously-cleared land for agriculture, rather than the usual, politically easier path of distributing still-forested areas. The number of small farmers versus large landholders fluctuates with economic and demographic pressures. In 1964, a Brazilian land law passed that supported ownership of the land by the developer: if a person could demonstrate "effective cultivation" for a year and a day, that person could claim the land.

The BNRC maintains trails through its Olivia's Lookout property on West Stockbridge and Lenox Mountain; they also manage a roadside scenic vista along Lenox Road at the Stockbridge/ Lenox border, as well as Steven's Glen, a waterfall on Lenox Mountain Brook. The Massachusetts Audubon Society (MAS) maintains a network of hiking trails at their Pleasant Valley Wildlife Sanctuary in Lenox. Cooperative agreements with towns, private landholders, and MAS and BNRC have resulted in the marking of a ridgeline trail extending from the southern end of West Stockbridge Mountain to the Bousquet Ski Area. The trails are open to hiking, skiing, picnicking, and similar pursuits.

The de Cantilupes were a long-established Lincolnshire family based at Scotton in the northeast of the county. They were also major landholders in the Midlands, with estates in Greasley, Ilkeston, and Withcall. The family had traditionally played an important role in both local society and central government with a history of loyal and diligent service to the crown. Not only were they lords of the realm—"one of the richest and most influential families in fourteenth-century England", suggests the scholar Frederick Pedersen—but the family possessed Saint Thomas de Cantilupe in its ancestry, and considered themselves to be under his special protection.

Críth Gablach and Uraicecht Becc are two of the main texts focusing on lay landholders, the latter of which also briefly covers the status of skilled individuals and of clerics.MacNeill 1923 gives a translation of these two texts Other texts describe other groups, such as Uraicecht na Ríar, which focuses on the status of poets. Much depended on status, and each rank was assigned an honour that was quantified in an honour- price to be paid to them if their honour was violated by certain crimes. The types of food one received as a guest in another's house, or while being cared for due to injury varied based on status.

Parthenium weed at Lake Galilee (Queensland) Parthenium was transported into the Lake Galilee area from the north with cattle during drought times. About 430 hectares of parthenium exists on one property and one hectare on another property about 10 km upstream (north) of the lake. Because of its potential to spread around the lake edge and across the lakebed, the main aim is to prevent parthenium reaching the lake and to have the infestation completely controlled within five years. The 2011-2012 Caring For Our Country funding has also enabled landholders to control 12 kilometres of parthenium along streambanks using a selective herbicide for the control of broadleaved weeds.

The early Maryborough economy was centred around livestock farming, logging of the bunya pine forests, and the boiling down of animal carcasses to make tallow. In the late 1850s the soil along the Mary River was deemed ideal for the cultivation of sugarcane and in 1859 Edgar Thomas Aldridge was able to grow and produce a world-class experimental crop. Seeing the profitable potential, many influential local landholders such as Henry Palmer and John Eaton formed the Maryborough Sugar Company in 1865. Farmers switched to growing cane and the first Mary River sugar refinery, known as the Central Mill, was built in 1867 by Robert Greathead and Frederick Gladwell.

From 1975 through the 1980s, illegal occupations of unused land increased once again. The need for land reform was addressed mostly by laws directed at granting titles to squatters and other landholders, permitting them to sell their land or to use it as collateral for loans. Despite declarations by the Callejas government in 1989 of its intent to increasingly address social issues, including land tenure and other needs of small farmers, the early 1990s were jolted by increased conflicts between peasants and the Honduran security forces. Agricultural credit and government support increasingly favored export crop producers at the expense of producers of basic food crops.

Light favoured a location on rising ground along the Torrens valley between the coast and hills which would be free of floodwaters. Governor Hindmarsh upon arrival initially approved of the location, but changed his mind thinking that the site should instead be two miles (3 km) closer to the harbour (an area unsuitable due to flooding). Other colonists thought Port Lincoln or Encounter Bay would be better sites. After much mud slinging, mainly directed towards Light, a public meeting of landholders was called on 10 February 1837, where a vote was held resulting in 218 to 127 in Light's favour, settling the issue for the meantime.

After this success Mod ruled as chief of western Kutch. Sad who came next, was, about 1305, after a reign of fifteen years, succeeded by his son Phul, and he, about 1320, by Lakha Phulani. Meanwhile, according to the Muslim historians of Sindh, the Soomras whose headquarters were at Muhammad Tur, after being defeated by Alauddin Khalji about the close of the thirteenth century, so oppressed the Sammas, the ancient landholders, that they retired to Kutch. Shortly after another Muslim invasion took place, Muhammad Tur, the Soomra capital was destroyed, and the Soomras' wives and children were sent for protection to the Sammas of Kutch.

As feudal distinctions declined the barons and tenants-in-chief merged to form the lairds. Under the Commonwealth they had supplied the Justices of the Peace, a post that had enjoyed an expanded role that was only partly reversed at the Restoration. They also gained authority through becoming Commissioner of Supply, a post created in 1667, and which was gave them responsibilities for collecting what became the local cess tax. The passing of a series of improving statues, that allowed landholders to move boundaries, roads and carry out enclosures also benefited this group, as did legislation that returned virtual serfdom for groups such as miners and saltworkers.

Edward Hamersley was born in Paris on 1 September 1835. The Hamersleys were a well connected family, and he was related by blood or marriage to a number of prominent Western Australian farmers and politicians. His father Edward was one of the leading Western Australian landholders of his day; his brother Samuel and nephew Vernon both became Members of the Legislative Council; William Locke Brockman was his uncle; his sister Margaret married Sir John Forrest; and his wife Jane was sister to Andrew and Charles Dempster. In 1837, his family emigrated to Western Australia, where his father, Edward, became a wealthy and prominent pastoralist.

The growth rate was respectable, but lower than that of the United States, and fuelled a sense of disappointment that Confederation had not delivered on its promise of prosperity. Conservative election poster from 1891, featuring John A. Macdonald Politically, the Father of Confederation, John A. Macdonald (1815–1891) and his Conservative Party ("Tories") dominated national politics until his death (with one interruption). The Liberals ("Grits") under Wilfrid Laurier (1841–1919) were in power 1896 to 1911, and then were ousted in a campaign based on anti-Americanism by Robert Borden. Francophones had a distinct and traditionalistic culture, led by the landholders and the priests.

Loghain's origin story is told in The Stolen Throne, which takes place more than thirty years before the events of the Origins. During the Orlesian occupation, Loghain's father refused to pay the tax collectors a tribute tax levied on all of Ferelden landholders by the Orlesian emperor, and was accused of tax evasion. One day the Orlesian soldiers seized the farmhold, and Loghain and his father were forced to watch as Orlesian troops raped and killed his mother. After murdering the Orlesian commander responsible, Loghain's father took him and fled into the Fereldan wilds, banding together with other desperate Ferelden's to eke out a living however they could.

Public pressure and the ongoing pattern of illegal occupation began to move the wheels of government towards a fundamental transformation of its Indian policy. The Dawes Act of 1887 authorized the dismantling of collectively held tribal lands into individual allotments and signaled an intention to open the whole of the Unassigned Lands to parcelization and allocation to private landholders. Whereas commonly held tribal lands were unlikely to be leased out to white settlers, the Dawes Act with its individually owned parcels ranging from 60 to 320 acres created a situation in which individuals could be persuaded to make transactions that tribal governments would not.Bissett, Agrarian Socialism in America, pg. 18.

North of the Mason–Dixon line, where malaria-transmitting mosquitoes did not fare well, British indentured servants proved more profitable, as they would work diligently toward their freedom. However, as malaria spread to places such as the tidewater of Virginia and South Carolina, the owners of large plantations came to rely on the enslavement of more malaria-resistant West Africans, while white small landholders risked ruin whenever they got sick. The disease also helped weaken the Native American population and make them more susceptible to other diseases. Malaria caused huge losses to British forces in the South during the revolutionary war as well as to Union forces during the Civil War.

Landbank was established on August 8, 1963 as part of the Agricultural Land Reform Code as part of a program of land reform in the Philippines. It was to help with the purchase of agricultural estates for division and resale to small landholders and the purchase of land by the agricultural lessee. In 1965, Landbank's by-laws were approved and its first board of trustees was formed, with the Secretary of Finance as Chairman. On October 21, 1972, Presidential Decree No. 27, signed by President Ferdinand Marcos, emancipated all tenant farmers working on private agricultural lands devoted to rice and corn, whether working on a landed estate or not.

Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance buildings, and literary works written in Latin prove the predominantly Roman Catholic character of the culture of the Kingdom, but Orthodox, and even non-Christian ethnic minority communities also existed. Latin was the language of legislation, administration and judiciary, but "linguistic pluralism" (János M. Bak)Bak 1993, p. 269. contributed to the survival of a number of tongues, including a great variety of Slavic dialects. Oligarchs controlled parts of the Kingdom during the interregnum The predominance of royal estates initially ensured the sovereign's preeminent position, but the alienation of royal lands gave rise to the emergence of a self-conscious group of lesser landholders.

Like his friend Albert Camus and his first editor Edmond Charlot, Roy was a descendant of white settlers in French Algeria. He was born in Rovigo, Algeria, and spent his childhood on the farm of his maternal grandparents, the Pâris, small landholders who lived near the village of Sidi Moussa, about eight kilometres north of the town. Roy was the fruit of an adulterous liaison between Mathilde Roy, the wife of a policeman, and Henri Dematons, a school-teacher. During World War II, Roy commanded a Royal Air Force squadron which was engaged in bombing the Ruhr Basin; he described the missions in La Vallée heureuse (Charlot, 1946).

In 2007 a pipeline was constructed along the length of the Darling Anabranch to supply water to adjacent landholders. The Darling Anabranch was returned to an ephemeral system, with the removal of most structures within the channel, and the first dry phase for over four decades. Initial results from a ten-year monitoring program have showed a marked ecological response to the restoration of the Darling Anabranch. Monitoring began in September 2010 at the breaking of the 'millennium drought', and detected a strong vegetation response including significant increases in riparian tree condition and in the condition of Lignum, a keystone species on the floodplains of the Murray-Darling Basin.

Rhys was the youngest legitimate son of Thomas ap Gruffydd ap Nicolas of Llandeilo in Carmarthenshire, and Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Gruffydd of Abermarlais, also in Carmarthenshire. In 1460, after decades of increasing unrest among the nobility and armed clashes, the supporters of Richard, Duke of York of the House of York challenged the right of King Henry VI of the House of Lancaster to rule England. Most Welsh landholders claimed their titles through grants made by Henry's father and grandfather for loyalty to the English crown during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr. They therefore generally supported Henry, rather than the rival Yorkist claimants to the throne.

The name probably originates from the Little Para River whose headwaters are in the area. It was settled in 1840–41 by John Barton Hack and John Richardson, and was a sheep station until the beginning of the 20th century. It was subdivided and, with an influx of smaller landholders, a school, post office, church and recreation hall were built, but the town did not grow much beyond this.Adelaide Hills Council – Historical Town Information Accessed 15 June 2006 In 1966, work started on the Kangaroo Creek Reservoir, a dam of the River Torrens, and in 1969 it was completed at a cost of $5.3 million.

Since 1972, Ober-Olm has belonged to the Verbandsgemeinde of Nieder- Olm, whose seat is in the like-named town. Many ecclesiastical and monastic institutions had landholdings in the municipality, among whom were, for example, Eberbach Abbey, the Maria Dalheim monasteries in Mainz, the Dominicans and the Carthusians, the White Ladies (an order of nuns devoted to Mary Magdalene) in Mainz and All Hallows’ Monastery in Wesel. Furthermore, the Cathedral Chapter in Mainz, the Ravengiersburg Monastery, Saint John's Church in Mainz, Saint Stephen's Church in Mainz, Mariengreden, Saint Victor's and Saint Peter's were all landholders. In 2003, the German-Pennsylvanian Association was founded in Ober-Olm.

However, the decisions of the Divisional Court rest with the Agricultural Member. The Court holds hearings throughout Scotland, and cases can be heard before a divisional court (consisting of one of the Agricultural Members), or the full court (consisting of the Agricultural Members and the legally qualified members.) The court was established on 1 April 1912 under section 3 of the Small Landholders (Scotland) Act 1911, which was amended by the Scottish Land Court Act 1993. the Chairman of the Scottish Land Court was Lord Minginish, who was also the Gaelic-speaking member of the Court, as required by Section 1(5) of the Scottish Land Court Act 1993.

He was an energetic leader and a large number of acts were passed by his government dealing with among others, industrial disputes, neglected children, minimum wage, employers' liability, the liquor problem, and closer settlement. There was some remission of taxation and each year the treasurer was able to show a surplus. The great Burrinjuck Dam for which the Carruthers government was responsible was started, and special care was taken that the consequent increase in the value of the land should be preserved for the people generally and not merely the landholders. During the 1909–10 coal strike, Wade appeared to favour the mine-owners and lost significant community support.

It is unknown whether the division came about as the result of two separately founded villages which grew towards each other as in the example above, and the evidence does not support this hypothesis anyway. Far likelier is that the split was brought about by the various landholders’ activities: enfeoffments, donations and pledges. The two parts of the village are known in Laudert's history as Laudert-trierisch and Laudert-pfälzisch for the Electorate of Trier and the Electoral Palatinate sides respectively. The Frankish kings, by virtue of the right of conquest, took over what had been Roman state domain, which led to many other holdings and lordly rights.

The German blazon reads: In der schwarzen Schildfläche zwischen zwei gekreuzten goldenen Palmwedeln ein nach rechts schreitender aufrechter goldener Löwe, rotbezungt und -bewehrt. The municipality’s arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Sable between two palm leaves palewise, the stems in base per saltire Or a lion rampant of the same armed and langued gules. The village and court of Riegenroth were sold in the early 15th century by the Knights of Schönberg at the Castle at Wesel to the Counts Palatine of the Rhine. The gold lion on the black field refers to the landholders, the Dukes of Palatinate- Simmern and the Electors Palatine.

The German blazon reads: '''' The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Tierced in mantle reversed, argent an urn and a bowl in pale azure, sable an eagle displayed Or, armed and langued gules and Or a bend of the fifth. Niedersohren in the Pflege (literally “care”, but actually a local geopolitical unit) of Sohren was a royal estate, and thus the eagle is borne as a charge. In 1301, Niedersohren passed as an Imperial fief to the Counts of Sponheim, after whom came their heirs, the Margraves of Baden and the Counts of Veldenz. After the 1707 partition, the Margraves of Baden were the only landholders.

The NSW Impounding Act was approved on 20 June 1865, and gave authority for landholders and squatters to destroy unbranded horses or cattle on their land. Previously, the only legal recourse was to drive unwanted stock to the nearest public pound. Debate on the bill in the NSW Parliament as recorded in the Sydney Morning Herald shows that parliament needed no convincing for this measure. John Robertson, then the Secretary for Lands, called the wild horses "a perfect nuisance" to the landowners, and it was noted that their shooting would increase productive use of the land, provide employment, and sustain itself through the sale of meat for pig feed.

Sargent was born in 1745 and baptized on June 23, 1745 in Salem, Massachusetts. He was the son of Katherine Winthrop (1711–1781), a widow of Samuel Brown and the second wife of his father, Epes Sargent. His father was one of the largest landholders in Gloucester and was a colonel of militia before the Revolution and a justice of the general session court for more than thirty years. His younger brother was John Sargent (1750–1824), was an exiled loyalist who became a lieutenant in the King's American Regiment, and his elder half-brothers included Winthrop Sargent (1727–1793) and Daniel Sargent Sr. (1730–1806), a prominent merchant.

Eight-hour day banner, Melbourne, 1856 University of Melbourne site where Stonemasons won the 8-hour day in 1856 The colony of New South Wales came into existence in 1788 as a penal colony. Some dispute that Australia had slavery, but the convicts transported to the colony were required to work, without pay, either for the administration or could be required to work for private landholders. Others, particularly the "Kanaka" from the South Pacific islands, were either kidnapped or otherwise induced into exploitative long-term indentured service contracts. Initially, following British laws, trade unions in Australia were suppressed, particularly under the Combination Laws of 1799 and 1800.

Rich peasants were a less distinct category but it was generally understood that they were in essence small landlords who owned less land but still more than they needed for bare survival, who farmed what they could themselves but hired laborers or rented what they could not work to tenants. Middle peasants were self-sufficient owner-cultivators who owned just enough land to support their families, and who worked it themselves. Poor peasants may have owned a bit of land but not enough to support a family. Typically, they were tenants who rented a specified piece of land from one of the large landholders.

The electricity generated from each turbine is transmitted via underground or above ground cabling to a central cable marshalling point at the on site substation, which is located next to the 220 kV or 132 kV power lines that run through the site area. The sub station then connects directly into the grid network on site. It is expected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 2.2 million tonnes annually. In April 2011, some local landholders expressed concerns at a community forum related to health effects and the noise of the wind turbines, some of which will be less than a kilometre from homes.

The reduction in water flow has affected landholders who traditionally grazed on wetlands and floodplains and in areas where the waters from the river were used to supplement stock drinking water and for minor watering of pasture and small areas of crops. It also reduced or stopped periodical flushes of water into ephemeral creeks, watercourses and wetlands in the Gingham, Lower Gwydir and Mallowa and other smaller systems. These conflicts resulted in the establishment of the Gwydir Regulated River Management Committee in 1997 and then the Gwydir Environmental Contingency Allowance Operation Advisory Committee when the Gwydir Water Sharing Plan came into effect on 1 July 2004.

The German blazon reads: In gespaltenem Schild vorne das blau goldene Schach, hinten in Silber unter einem blauen schrägliegenden Wellenbalken ein schwarzes Wasserrad. The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per pale chequy of ten azure and Or and argent a bend sinister wavy enhanced, the end towards chief abased, of the first, below which a waterwheel spoked of eight sable. The “chequy” pattern on the dexter (armsbearer's right, viewer's left) side recalls the “Further” County of Sponheim, whose counts were between 1248 and 1437 Nieder Kostenz's lords and landholders. Their arms bore the same pattern throughout the escutcheon in the same tinctures.

The scheme was audited and a report published in September 2008. The scheme had at that time paid out more than £100 million to landholders since it began in 1999, and management agreements had been made with around 3,000 farms, covering about 20 per cent of the total agricultural land in Wales. The report concluded that the scheme was contributing towards its objectives, but that its impact was difficult to assess because of lack of evidence of the extent to which its aims had been achieved. The basic design was thought to be sound but it failed to address specific needs and local conditions.

It also contained a range of out-offices, including ...a kitchen, servant's room, warehouse and oven, three-stall stable, men's room, coach- house and hay loft. The house faced east and in view of the size of the allotment, was particularly close to the Kent Street boundary, perhaps indicating that even the time of construction Harper had made plans for subdivision of the land. Early maps indicate that other original landholders in the area followed this course. Hallen's 1830 map of Section 11, bounded by Kent, Bathurst, Sussex and Liverpool Streets shows that most of this area then consisted of allotments with frontages on both Kent and Sussex Streets.

The Council had a total of 127 members in addition to the ex - officio members of the Governor's Executive Council. Out of the 127, 98 were elected from 61 constituencies of the presidency. The constituencies comprised three arbitrary divisions - 1)communal constituencies such as non-Muhammadan urban, non-Muhammadan rural, non-Brahman urban, Mohamaddan urban, Mohamaddan rural, Indian Christian, European and Anglo-Indian 2)special constituencies such as landholders, Universities, planters and trade associations (South India Chamber of Commerce & Nattukottai Nagarathar Association) and 3) territorial constituencies. 25 of the non-Mohammadan Rural and 3 of the non- Mohammadan Urban constituencies were reserved for non-Brahmans.

Argent and sable (silver and black) were also the tinctures seen in the arms borne by the joint landholders, from 1270 the Barons of Dalberg, who built the church, the Barons of Sickingen and the Counts of Katzenelnbogen, and they thereby show the municipality's link with the old Ganerbenschaft quite clearly. The fess gules (red horizontal stripe) might clearly and vividly express, among other things, the link with the Ganerbschaft, and also the villagers’ oneness. This coat of arms was, however, unapproved, and logos of varying shapes were used in the decades that were to come. A coat of arms was published in 1905 by Karl Johann Brilmayer.

The historical boss of the 'ndrina was Giuseppe Pesce (1923-1992), who transformed the clan from a rural criminal organisation in the service of large landholders into an entrepreneurial organisation. He also elevated the clan among the most influential 'Ndrangheta clans due to his capacity to avoid conflicts through mediation. Da Giuseppe ad Antonino, scalata al potere del clan Pesce , Gazzetta del Sud, November 24, 2010 After the demise of Giuseppe Pesce in 1992, the clan is headed by his cousin Antonino Pesce (born in 1953) and his brother Salvatore Pesce (born in 1961), both in jail. Antonino Pesce was arrested in February 1993.

In the first three years land tax revenue was around £1.3 to £1.4 million a year. While the land tax made a contribution to Commonwealth revenue, it was debatable whether it had done much to break up the large estates for closer settlement, and the statistics did not paint a clear picture of what had happened. Some landholders, for example, would reduce their tax liability by splitting their landholdings to relatives, partners or companies to take them below the taxable threshold, and in many cases the cost of the tax was passed on to purchasers or tenants. The land tax was abolished by the Land Tax Abolition Act 1953.

Mining in the Garforth area of West Yorkshire dates back centuries, and the Gascoignes, being major landholders in the area, had owned pits since at least the 17th century. The introduction of steam-driven pumps in the 18th century allowed deeper mines to be worked, and extended the usefulness of the Gascoignes' mines. The area around Garforth and Aberford was at a disadvantage compared to other mining regions because of poor transportation. High turnpike fees, and the inability to access the Aire and Calder Navigation due to competing interests owning land on the few miles to the canal meant that the sale of coal to nearby Leeds was uneconomic.

The war was over before the proposals were submitted to President Madison. James Madison After the conclusion of the War of 1812 Sean Wilentz notes: This spirit of nationalism was linked to the tremendous growth and economic prosperity of this postwar era. However in 1819, the nation suffered its first financial panic and the 1820s turned out to be a decade of political turmoil that again led to fierce debates over competing views of the exact nature of American federalism. The "extreme democratic and agrarian rhetoric" that had been so effective in 1798 led to renewed attacks on the "numerous market-oriented enterprises, particularly banks, corporations, creditors, and absentee landholders".

Conversely, shopkeepers, artisans, city guards, entertainers, laborers, and wealthy merchants lived in the county and provincial centers along with the Chinese gentry—a small, elite community of educated scholars and scholar-officials. As landholders and drafted government officials, the gentry considered themselves the leading members of society; gaining their cooperation and employment was essential for the county or provincial bureaucrat overburdened with official duties. In many ways, scholar-officials of the Song period differed from the more aristocratic scholar-officials of the Tang dynasty (618–907). Civil service examinations became the primary means of appointment to an official post as competitors vying for official degrees dramatically increased.

In 1318, these rights transferred to Hermann of Hohenlandenberg-Greifensee, in 1349-50 they went to Rüti monastery and after the monastery's secularization in 1525 the rights went to Zurich. Aerial view from 500 m by Walter Mittelholzer (1929) After 1427, the dividing line between the territorial boundary of the counties of Kyburg and Thurgau (now the border between Canton Zurich, Thurgau) ran through the parish of Aadorf. During the Late Middle Ages the dominant landlord in Aadorf was the Abbey of St. Gallen. In 1413 the Abbey had to sell all their rights, except for the low justice rights in Tänikon Monastery, to other landholders.

This accomplished, Dangar's services were no longer needed and in June 1833 he retired to his property, Neotsfield, near Singleton. At Newcastle he had boiling down works and meat-processing and tinning works, and in New Zealand he established a steam flour mill near the wheat farms around Official Bay. As a magistrate and member of the District Council his experience and judgement were in frequent demand, and he gave time and energy to the agricultural and political advancement of the Hunter Valley. In common with most large landholders who were seriously short of labour, he supported the proposed reintroduction of transportation and advocated the use of coolie labour.

The establishment of King John's castle in Limerick, and the granting of formerly Ui Fidgenti lands to the FitzGeralds, both circa 1200, and the resultant competition for Ui Fidgenti lands by other Anglo Norman families, resulted in a transfer of power from the Ui Fidgenti's leading families (O'Donovan and Collins) to the new landholders. The ancestors of both Michael Collins and the famous O'Connells of Derrynane were also among the septs of the Uí Fidgenti. As the Ui Fidgenti were the ruling clan in the Limerick after 400 a.d., the Uí Fidgenti still made a substantial contribution to the population of the central and western regions of County Limerick.

As the creation of the convicted thief, James Hale, Wambo Estate demonstrates the enormous opportunities open to the pioneers of New South Wales. Within two decades a farm boy serving a seven year prison term had become wealthy and influential in two districts, the Hawkesbury and the Hunter Valley, and one of the colony's largest landholders. In the Durham period, the property continued to yield affluence to its owners, allowing the children of convicts to control the circumstances of their lives and to live with some style. The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.

The parliament of New South Wales is Australia's oldest legislature. It had its beginnings when New South Wales was a British colony under the control of the Governor and was first established in 1823 by the New South Wales Act. A small, 5-member appointed Legislative Council began meeting on 24 August 1824 to advise the Governor on legislative matters. It grew to seven members in 1825, and between ten and fifteen in 1829. Under the Constitution Act 1843, the Legislative Council was expanded to 36 members, of which 12 were appointed by the Governor in the name of the Crown, and the remainder elected from among eligible landholders.

The Royal Gloucestershire Hussars was a volunteer yeomanry regiment which, in the 20th century, became part of the British Army Reserve. It traced its origins to the First or Cheltenham Troop of Gloucestershire Gentleman and Yeomanry raised in 1795, although a break in the lineage means that its formation is dated to the Marshfield and Dodington Troop raised in 1830. Six further troops – officered by nobility and gentry, and recruited largely from among landholders and tenant farmers – were subsequently raised in Gloucestershire, and in 1834 they came together to form the Gloucestershire Yeomanry Cavalry. In 1847, the regiment adopted a hussar uniform and the name Royal Gloucestershire Hussars.

Other than grapes, peanuts and navy beans, other crops commonly grown in the Kingaroy area are sorghum, wheat, maize, sunflowers, citrus fruits and duboisia, a kind of plant often used for pharmaceutical products. Kingaroy is centred on one of Australia's largest pork producing regions, and since the early 1960s has been home to one of Queensland's largest pig abattoirs, Swickers Kingaroy Bacon Factory. Hardwood Forestry Plantations have been prominent across the landscape since the early 2000s, having been established on many farms in the region as joint ventures between Landholders and the Queensland Government. The Plantation Forestry Industry is expected to provide employment for many locals in the future.

All of whom were prominent landholders, tobacco farmers and community members. Margeret Mclean, née French was the wife Angus Wilton Mclean grew up in Barker Ten mile.. The collection of family land holdings originally stretched from what is now Meadowbrook cemetery and north to Bee Gee road and Meadow road. From east to west the property extended along the boundaries of Meadow rd and traversed I-95 near the current location of Robeson County Community College. Barry Godwin French, Margaret French McLean's father was often referred to by the nickname "Bee Gee" and as such Bee Gee road, which bisected his land was named after him.

Sardegna Foreste into private property. This gave rise to many abuses, as the reform favoured the landholders while excluding the poor Sardinian farmers and shepherds, who witnessed the abolition of the communal rights and the sale of the land. Many local rebellions like the Nuorese Su Connottu ("The Already Known" in Sardinian) riot in 1868,A su connottu: la ribellione del 1868, Contus AntigusSu Connottu, la rivolta nuorese contro i Savoia, I Love Sardinia all repressed by the King's army, resulted in an attempt to return to the past and reaffirm the right to use the once common land. The mine of Montevecchio, Guspini.

Hadley Park is of state heritage significance as a representative, highly intact example of a colonial rural property with associated buildings and landscape. It demonstrates the principal characteristics of this class of items, including an intact Georgian two-storey brick homestead, earlier slab cottage, farm outbuildings (including a dairy, dairy stalls and hay shed) and cultural plantings including peppercorn trees, fruit trees and remnant native vegetation. Together these elements demonstrate attributes typical of rural lifestyles in Sydney from the early colonial period to the mid twentieth century. Hadley Park house is an outstanding representative example of the more modest colonial homesteads built by smaller landholders in NSW.

Momín Khán met Dámáji at Isanpur, three miles from Áhmedábád, and made great show of friendship, calling him his brother. When Ratansingh Bhandári heard of the arrangements made between Dámáji and Momín Khán, he sent a message to Dámáji saying, 'Momín Khán has promised Rangoji half of the revenues of Gujarát excepting the city of Áhmedábád, the lands immediately round it, and Cambay. If you will join me, I will give you half of everything not excepting the city nor Cambay, and will send to your camp some of my chief landholders as security if you agree.' Dámáji showed this to Momín Khán, and asked him what he proposed to do.

The Vietnamese political elite consisted of educated landholders whose interests often clashed with the central government. Although all land theoretically was the ruler's, and was supposed to be distributed equitably by the Equal-field system (khau phan dien che) and non-transferable, the court bureaucracy increasingly appropriated land which they leased to tenant farmers and hired labourers to till.John Kleinen Facing the Future, Reviving the Past: A Study of Social Change in ... – 1999 – Page 5, 31-32 It was unlikely for individuals of common background to become Mandarins, however, since they lacked access to classical education. Degree-holders were frequently clustered in certain clans.

The essence of the arrangement they came up with in the summer of 1789 was that the zamindars would effectively become hereditary landholders, paying the company tax based on the value of the land. Shore and Cornwallis disagreed on the term of the scheme, with Shore arguing for a ten- year time limit on the arrangement, while Cornwallis argued for a truly permanent scheme. Cornwallis prevailed, noting that many of the company's English revenue collectors, as well as others knowledgeable of company finance and taxation, supported permanency. In 1790 the proposal was sent to London, where the company directors approved the plan in 1792.

A French consortium buying the property believed the deal had been completed, but a British citizen, ostensibly representing neighbouring landholders, preempted the sale and occupied the land (though without paying for it). A judge sent by London to investigate discovered that the British purchaser was acting on behalf of the Bey's government and Italian businessmen; moreover, he discovered that the Briton had used fraud to stake his claim. The sale was cancelled, and French buyers got the property. Paris moved to protect French claims, as London and Berlin gently warned that if France did not act, they might reconsider their go-ahead for French occupation.

Another variant tells that Ganesha dug up the tank in the night so that Nandanar can bathe in its sacred waters before seeing Shiva in the temple. In the early half of the 20th century, the novel Nandan, by A. Gopalasami Iyengar and G. Aravamudha Iyengar, includes reformist Brahmin characters that argue Nandan's case against their peers. Nandan also echoes the reformist ideas of Hindu spiritual leaders like Ramanuja and Vivekananda, and progressive upper-caste leaders. Indira Parthasarathy's Nandan Kathai (1978) builds the tale of Nandanar (referred in the work as Nandan) further, introducing two non-Brahmin upper caste landholders, who are as ruthless as Bharati's Vediyar.

The pay kept rising over time and began with the schoolteacher's being allowed to use the disputed church meadow intensively, which in 1697 was converted into a cash payment of 5 Rhenish guilders. Soon, though, the landholders raised the salary from 5 to 20 guilders and 10 Malter of corn besides. In February 1689, the first Catholic church services in a long time were held, Braunweiler's mostly Protestant populace having gained a few Catholic families. In 1745, mainly through the Mannheim-based Electorate of the Palatinate government's efforts, a Catholic parish was once again established in Braunweiler. Agriculture was the villagers’ economic mainstay until the mid 20th century.

Dáud Khán, the viceroy now went into Kathiawad and Nawanaagr to collect tribute, and on his return to Áhmedábád, married the daughter of the chief of Halvad in the Jhalawad. It is related that this lady, who was with child, on hearing of Dáud Khán's death cut open her womb and saved the child at the sacrifice of her own life. Dáud Khán, though an excellent soldier and strict disciplinarian failed to distinguish himself as a civil administrator. He introduced Dakhani pandits into official posts, who levied a fee called chithyáman from landholders and took taxes from the holdings of Sayads and otherwise made themselves unpopular.

The District Council of Hanson was a local government area in South Australia from 1878 to 1935. The council was proclaimed on 8 August 1872, comprising the whole of the cadastral Hundred of Hanson. Its foundation was controversial: it had reportedly been supported by 40 farmers representing 13,000 acres and opposed by 48 farmers representing "about the same quantity of land", in addition to two large landholders representing 33,000 acres. The opponents of the council claimed that the proponents were mostly within the government town of Hanson (now Farrell Flat), and that most of the proposed district did not share a common interest with the town.

James Chisholm (23 January 1772 – 31 March 1837) was an early settler in colonial Australia, contributing to its business, banking, Presbyterian church, education, democratic processes and pastoral industry. He was the first person of the name Chisholm to come to Australia and is considered the patriarch of the Clan Chisholm in that country. From being a private, then corporal (1798) and sergeant (1808), in the New South Wales Corps, he became a prominent merchant in Sydney. Chisholm was a founder and director of the Bank of New South Wales, a leader in the movement for democratic reform, a humanitarian benefactor, and one of the largest landholders in New South Wales.

The alferiz et procurator regis et regni, as he is titled in the records, succeeded in having all the castles of the kingdom handed over to him, possibly so he could install landholders and fortress captains whom he trusted. This led him into conflict with a great deal of the nobility, who noticed that he was grabbing more and more power. The opposition faction included the Meneses, Girón, Haro and Cameros families, whose absence from the Royal Council is noted from February 1217. In the same month, Álvaro traveled with King Henry to Valladolid, possibly as a last-ditch effort to avoid a war.

There are cases from the time, in which a writ of the court was granted demanding that the eldest, inheriting son be forced to "accept in homage" the younger sons as a way of enforcing their subinfeudation. As there had been no survey of land titles since the Domesday Book over 200 years earlier, outright title to land had become seriously clouded in many cases and was often in dispute. The whole feudal structure was a patchwork of smaller land holders. Although the history of the major landholding lords is fairly well recorded, the nature of the smaller landholders has been difficult to reconstruct.

Charreria, a word encompassing all aspects of the art, evolved from the traditions that came to Mexico from Salamanca, Spain in the 16th century. When the Spanish first settled in Colonial Mexico, they were under orders to raise horses named criollos (Spanish Creole people), but not to allow the indigenous people to ride. However, by 1528 the Spanish had very large cattle-raising estates and found it necessary to employ indigenous people as vaqueros or Criole herdsman, who soon became excellent horsemen. Smaller landholders, known as rancheros or ranchers, were the first genuine charros and they are credited as the inventors of the charreada.

Castle Horneck is the ancient home of the Borlase family, and in circa 1720 the front of the house was rebuilt by Dr Walter Borlase. In the 1860s the Borlase family were listed as one of two major landholders in the parish of Morvah and by 1893 the Misses Borlase were the ladies of the manor at Morvah. The house was modernised in 1879 with larger windows on the front of the house and annexes built on the east and north. At that time there was extensive grounds with good specimens of giant redwood (Sequoiadendron giganteum) and the largest hollies (Ilex aquifolium) in the neighbourhood.

By the second half of the nineteenth century however, the dairy industry had been established and was proving to be a successful business for the small landholders in the region. During this period, of Peterborough Estate (including Bass Point) had been sold by the Wentworth family to George Laurence Fuller who named the property "Dunmore Estate". By 1880, Fuller had negotiated a mining venture and established a basalt "blue gold" quarry to the south of Bass Point including the construction of a new jetty to ship the quarried metal. Although the enterprise collapsed within two years, Fuller resumed operations as the proprietor and manager and, by 1890, business was booming.

A Countryside Commission Scotland (CSS) was established under the Countryside Scotland Act, 1967.B. Cullingworth and V. Nadin, Town and Country Planning in the UK (London: Routledge, 2003), , p. 329 The SSSI were strengthened by the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act, which for the first time introduced the concept of payments to farmers for inactivity in relation to specific sites and shifted the burden of proof from conservationist having to prove harm, to landholders having to prove that harm was not taking place. The NCC was broken up in 1991 and in Scotland was merged with CSS to produce Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), under a UK-wide Joint Nature Conservation Committee.

He used the property as part of his business for cattle grazing and in later years, agistment as well as growing hay and other feed crops, timber cutting, making bricks and cultivating part of it as an orchard. All statements agreed that once he moved to Willow Cottage, Fullagar never lived anywhere else until he built his new residence opposite the property 'some few years before he died in 1894. By the 1870s Fullagar was one of the major landholders in the Parramatta district. The lots he acquired in 1859-61 were during the sale of an extensive portion of the NSW Government Domain (by the 1850s 'Parramatta Park').

Since the Republican legal system did not allow trials in absentio, leaders who fled Spain, including Barrera, were effectively barred from re-entering the country and condemned to exile.Atienza Peñarrocha 2012, p. 904 Some 200 officers were brought to trial; ultimately 144 of them, plus some civilians, were deported to the Spanish African military prison outpost in Villa Cisneros, few released as late as the fall of 1933.Payne 1993, p. 100 Around 300 officers considered accomplices not involved were stripped of command. 382 families deemed involved in the coup were expropriated; since almost all were landholders, their former estates became subject to agrarian reform.Atienza Peñarrocha 2012, p.

He was friendly with some of the tribes, and paid their leaders handsomely for supplying workers, but others he seized by force to labor in the fields.Royce and Wells, p.33 Chrysopolis, one of several large steamboats that served for transportation on the river during the California Gold Rush After the Bear Flag Revolt of 1846 and the Mexican–American War, in which California became part of the United States, Sutter and other large landholders in California held on to their properties. In 1848 Sutter assigned James W. Marshall to build a sawmill on the South Fork American River at Coloma, where Marshall discovered gold.

Turkish refugees from Eastern Rumelia, 1885 - The Illustrated London News, author: Richard Caton Woodville, Jr. Property abandoned by Muslims fleeing the Imperial Russian Army during the 1877–1878 war was appropriated by the local Christian population. The former owners, mostly large landholders, were threatened with trial by military court if they had committed crimes during the war so that they would not return. Two Turkish landowners who did return were in fact sentenced to death thus preventing others from desiring to come back. Those Turkish landowners who were not able to take possession of their land were financially compensated, with the funds collected by the Bulgarian peasants, some of whom were indebted as a result.

It appears that said detail was, in both cases, obtained from William Churton, although no credit is given to Churton on either of the Jefferson-Fry maps. Lord Granville’s revenue from his land was derived from a “quitrent” to be collected yearly from the landholders of his land. The term is derived because it “quit” the landholder from certain feudal obligations to which Lord Granville was entitled under provisions of the charter. The quitrent varied from time to time from a farthing to a halfpenny per acre, without regard to location, productivity or other consideration. Churton deferred the drawing of the plats and writing of the deed until he returned to Granville’s office in Edenton.

Construction of Ludlow Castle was begun shortly after the Norman invasion. After the Norman Conquest of 1066 the principal estates in Shropshire were all bestowed on Norman proprietors, pre-eminent among whom is Roger de Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, whose son Robert de Bellesme forfeited his possessions for rebelling against Henry I, when the latter bestowed the Earldom on his Queen for life. The principal landholders at the time of the Domesday Survey were the Bishop of Chester, the Bishop of Hereford, the church of St Remigius, Earl Roger, Osbern Fitz-Richard, Ralph de Mortimer, Roger de Laci, Hugh Lasne and Nicholas Medicus. Earl Roger had the whole profits of Condover hundred and also owned Alnodestreu hundred.

Central to the Gracchi reforms was an attempt to address economic distress and its military consequences. Much public land (ager publicus) had been divided among large landholders and speculators who further expanded their estates by driving peasants off their farms. While their old lands were being worked by slaves, the peasants were often forced into idleness in Rome where they had to subsist on handouts due to a scarcity of paid work. They could not legally join the army because they did not meet the property qualification; and this, together with the lack of public land to give in exchange for military service and the mutinies in the Numantine War, caused recruitment problems and troop shortages.

The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina sought to ensure the colony's stability by allotting political status by a settler's wealth upon arrival - making a semi-manorial system with a Council of Nobles and a plan to have small landholders defer to these nobles. However, the settlers did not find it necessary to take orders from the Council. By 1680, the colony had a large export industry of tobacco, lumber, and pitch In 1691, dissent over the governance of the province led to the appointment of a deputy governor to administer the northern half of Carolina. After nearly a decade in which the British government sought to locate and buy out the proprietors, both Carolinas became royal colonies.

The first group of peasant women consisted of free landholders. Early records such as the Exon Domesday and Little Domesday attested that, among English land- owners, 10-14% noble thegns and non-noble free-tenants were women; and Wendy Davies found records which showed that in 54% of property transactions, women could act independently or jointly with their husbands and sons. Still, only after the 13th century are there records which better showed free female peasants' rights to land. In addition, English manorial court-rolls recorded many activities carried out by free peasants such as selling and inheriting lands, paying rents, settling upon debts and credits, brewing and selling ale, and - if unfree - rendering labor services to lords.

The California Land Act of 1851 (), enacted following the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the admission of California as a state in 1850, established a three-member Public Land Commission to determine the validity of prior Spanish and Mexican land grants. It required landowners who claimed title under the Mexican government to file their claim with a commission within two years. Contrary to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which guaranteed full protection of all property rights for Mexican citizens, it placed the burden on landholders to prove their title. While the commission eventually confirmed 604 of the 813 claims, almost all of the claims went to court and resulted in protracted litigation.

The common lawso named because it was "common" to all the king's courts across Englandoriginated in the practices of the courts of the English kings in the centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. Prior to the Norman Conquest, much of England's legal business took place in the local folk courts of its various shires and hundreds. A variety of other individual courts also existed across the land: urban boroughs and merchant fairs held their own courts, as did the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, and large landholders also held their own manorial and seigniorial courts as needed. Additionally, the Catholic Church operated its own court system that adjudicated issues of canon law.

The construction of the railway between Richmond and Kurrajong did not receive Parliamentary authorisation until 1919, by which time roads were being improved to a standard that did not warrant a railway to bring the produce of the area west of the Hawkesbury River to the Sydney market. From its opening in 1926 until its closure in 1952, it remained a minor branch line. Lobbying for an extension of the Richmond line to Kurrajong began in 1884, but the high cost of bridging the flood-prone Hawkesbury River and the limited amount of agricultural land available delayed construction. Finally, political lobbying by local landholders paid off and the first sod was turned on 2 June 1923.

Some examples of the water quality goals outlined by this plan are that by 2013, there will be a 50% reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus loads at the end of catchments and that by 2020, there will be a reduction in sediment load by 20%. The plan also outlines a number of steps that must be taken by landholders to help improve grazing, soil, nutrient, and chemical management practices. There are also a number of supporting initiatives to take place outlined in the plan to help create a framework to improve land use practices which will in turn improve water quality. Through these means the governments of Australia and Queensland hope to improve water quality by 2013.

The Civil Survey was a cadastral survey of landholdings in Ireland carried out in 1654–56. It was separate from the Down Survey, which began while the Civil Survey was in progress, and made use of Civil Survey data to guide its progress. Whereas the Down Survey was a cartographic survey based on measurements in the field, the Civil Survey was an inquisition which visited each barony and took depositions from landholders based on parish and townland, with written descriptions of their boundaries. The Civil Survey covered 27 of Ireland's 32 counties, excluding 5 counties in Connacht which had been covered in the 1630s by the Strafford survey commissioned by Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford.

The wealthiest landholders forced the lesser nobles to join their retinue, which increased their power. One of the barons, Joachim of the Gutkeled clan, even captured Stephen V's heir, the infant Ladislaus, in 1272. Stephen V died some months later, causing a new civil war between the Csák, Kőszegi, and other leading families who attempted to control the central government in the name of the young Ladislaus IV. He was declared to be of age in 1277 at an assembly of the spiritual and temporal lords and of the noblemen's and Cumans' representatives, but he could not strengthen royal authority. Ladislaus IV, whose mother, Elisabeth, was a Cuman chieftain's daughter, preferred his Cuman kin, which made him unpopular.

A particular grievance among smaller landowners such as knights was the sale of Jewish bonds, which were bought and used by richer barons and members of Henry's royal circle as a means to acquire lands of lesser landholders, through payment defaults. Henry had built the Domus Conversorum in London in 1232 to help convert Jews to Christianity, and efforts intensified after 1239. As many as 10 percent of the Jews in England had been converted by the late 1250s in large part due to their deteriorating economic conditions. Many anti-Jewish stories involving tales of child sacrifice circulated in the 1230s–50s, including the account of "Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln" in 1255.

A Scottish Lowland farm from John Slezer's Prospect of Dunfermline, published in the Theatrum Scotiae, 1693 While barons held increasingly nominal feudal tenures local tenants-in-chief, who held legally held their land directly from the king and who by the sixteenth century were often the major local landholders in an area, grew in significance. As feudal distinctions declined, the barons and tenants-in-chief merged to form a new identifiable group, the lairds,Mitchison, Lordship to Patronage, p. 79. roughly equivalent to the English gentlemen.A. Grant, "Service and tenure in late medieval Scotland 1324–1475" in A. Curry and E. Matthew, eds, Concepts and Patterns of Service in the Later Middle Ages (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2000), , pp. 145–65.

Before Chavez was elected 75% of the agricultural land in Venezuela was owned by 5% of landowners and the smallest 75% landowners controlled only 6% of the land. Much of the land held by large landholders, was held in extremely large "latifundios", and was idle and unproductive. The "Law of the Land" passed by the Chávez administration, declared such landholdings to be illegal, and mandated that it be given to families who needed land to grow food. As of January 2009, the Venezuelan government had redistributed nearly 2.7 million hectares of idle land (6.6 million acres—nearly 1/3 of the latifundio land existing prior to 1998) to 180,000 landless peasant families.

The Kingdom of Hungary at the end of the 11th century A castle warrior (, )Bán 1989, p. 237. was a landholder obliged to provide military services to the ispán or head of a royal castle district in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Castle warriors "formed a privileged, elite class that ruled over the mass of castle folk"Engel 2001, p. 71. (Pál Engel) from the establishment of the kingdom around 1000 AD. Due to the disintegration of the system of castle districts, many castle warriors became serfs working on the lands of private landholders in the 13th and 14th centuries; however, some of them were granted a full or "conditional noble" status.

The German blazon reads: Schräglinks geteilt, vorne in rot unter einem achtspeichigen goldenen Mühlrad ein silberner Wellenbalken, hinten blau-goldenes Schach, belegt mit einer Abtskrümme rot-silber wechselnd. The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per bend sinister gules a waterwheel spoked of eight Or above a fess wavy abased argent and chequy of thirty of the second and azure surmounted by an abbot's staff sinister issuant from base sinister counterchanged, of the first on the second and of the third on the fourth. The “chequy” pattern on the sinister (armsbearer's left, viewer's right) side refers to the former mediaeval landholders, the Counts of Sponheim. Kludenbach was part of the Sponheim Amt of Kirchberg.

At the state level, municipal corporations and counties are often created by legislative acts. Some organizations such as a transit district or special purpose corporations such as a university, are also created by statute. In some states, a city or county can be created by petition of a certain number or percentage of voters or landholders of the affected area, which then causes a municipal corporation to be chartered as a result of compliance with the appropriate law. Corporations to be established for most other purposes are usually just incorporated as any other non-profit corporation, by filing the paperwork with the appropriate agency as part of the formation of the entity.

Legend has it, that after Keawe's death, while both brothers were living in their respective territories a quarrel arose between them over the claim to the Big Island throne, and that Kaiimamao was killed, or caused to be killed, by Keʻeaumoku Nui. One version of legend states that he was deposed ("Wailani") by the landholders ("Makaainana") of Kaū, who were a notoriously and proverbially turbulent people, frequently deposing, and even slaying, their chiefs, when, either from popular caprice of personal tyranny, they had become unpopular. Kalaniʻōpuʻu, the son of Kalaninuiamamao assumed the lordship of his father's land as his patrimonial estate. Kalaniʻōpuʻu later passed it as such from him to his son Kīwalaʻō.

Queensland's professional Firefighters undertake a range of planning and preparation activities throughout the year. They are trained in Structural Firefighting, Wildland (forest and grassland) fires, vertical rescue, swift water rescue, road crash rescue, confined space rescue, trench rescue and urban search and rescue (USAR) and Hazardous material mitigation. Fire hazard (vegetation fires) mitigation and response is the primary role of Fire and Rescue and Rural Fire Service in the outer areas. Rural Fire Brigades, in conjunction with Rural Fire Service permanent staff, Fire & rescue Service, local councils, national parks rangers, and local landholders, undertake a range of planning and preparation activities throughout the year to ensure communities are well prepared for the fire season.

The Disruption Assembly, painted by David Octavius Hill In the nineteenth century the Church of Scotland was increasingly divided between the evangelicals and the Moderate Party.J. T. Koch, Celtic Culture: a Historical Encyclopedia, Volumes 1-5 (London: ABC-CLIO, 2006), , pp. 416-7. While evangelicals emphasised the authority of the Bible and the traditions and historical documents of the kirk, the Moderates, who had dominated the General Assembly of the Church since the mid-eighteenth century, tended to stress intellectualism in theology, the established hierarchy of the kirk and attempted to raise the social status of the clergy. The major issue was the patronage of landholders and heritors over appoints to the ministry.

Towards the end of the nineteenth century living conditions of labourers in the chiftliks deteriorated, after their Turkish owners became indebted to Greek and Jewish merchants and sold their estates. while economic divisions in the free villages deepened between poor small landholders and the wealthier notables, known as "çorbacı", who usually allied with Turkish authorities and the Greek bishop and sided with the Greek party.. Economic misery and political friction led many peasants to emigration to the New World or to neighbouring countries, especially Bulgaria, whence they returned proselytised to the national cause. Serbian vojvode Gligor Sokolovic with Chetniks during Macedonian Civil War 1903–08. He was former activist of the Bulgarian organizations SMAC and IMRO.

This is a form of land grabbing involving domestic elites rather than transnational commercial interests. The Katkari struggle to remain in their hamlets provides an important contrast to the land tenure problems facing urban slum dwellers or Adivasis in remote areas displaced by large-scale development projects. Unlike Adivasis impacted by mega-projects, unpredictable forces at the micro level are driving the Katkari from their homes – haphazardly and one hamlet at a time. And unlike the situation in many urban slums, the Katkari did not squat in public and private spaces illegally, but rather settled where they had been invited to do so by landholders and other employers in need of labourers who could be easily bonded.

Family names that have long associations with Wangoom over the period 1852 to 2011 include Melican, Adams, Crothers, Lee, Flett, Giles, Rea, O'Keefe, Trigg, Dixon, Wright, Mahood, Wickham, Glasgow, Henderson and Bell. Lake Wangoom was a popular attraction for locals and visitors alike to conduct activities such as fishing and boating in the early days of white settlement however at the turn of the 20th century the lake dried out naturally and could no longer be relied upon as a regular water course. The lake land was sold to adjoining landholders and a pumping station set up to drain water from the lake to the nearby Hopkins River. There is no current public access to the 'lake'.

One year after the recognition of the legal concept of native title in Mabo, the Keating Government formalised the recognition by legislation with the enactment by the Australian Parliament of the Native Title Act 1993. The Act attempted to clarify the legal position of landholders and the processes to be followed for native title to be claimed, protected and recognised through the courts. The Federal Court of Australia arranges mediation in relation to claims made by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and hears applications for, and makes, native title determinations. Appeals against these determinations can be made to a full sitting of the Federal Court and then to the High Court of Australia.

Harper's cottage thus became another item in the extensive property holdings of John Terry Hughes, who probably continued to offer it for lease. Although the history of the property during the next several decades is difficult to trace with complete precision, certain factors emerge. In 1843 Hughes mortgaged the property to the Bank of Australia, which acquired the property outright in 1846. This acquisition was part of an insolvency action presumably occasioned by the depressed economy of the 1840s, which brought many colonial landholders to bankruptcy. In 1845 Thomas Hyndes was listed as proprietor in the City Council's Rate Assessment Books. Hyndes and his wife, Charlotte, purchased the property in February 1850.

19, available here the Biscay branch, apart from having been among largest landholders in the region, specialized as merchants and were army suppliers.Estornes 2019 The great-grandfather of Luis, Juan Antonio de Lezama Jugo, was the first one to call himself Lezama Leguizamón; the surname incorporated the name of a related distinguished branch,the Leguizamón lineage was related to Etxebarri, currently a suburb of Bilbao, where they owned an iconic mansion, see Palacio Legizamon entry, [in:] Etxebarri municipal service, available here. The Leguizamons have been known especially for their role in conquest of America, see Cesar Estornes, Los Leguizamón el linaje más antiguo. Segunda parte, [in:] Blog de Historia y Deportes 30.09.

He had a prolonged feud with FDR's appointee to head the TVA, David E. Lilienthal. As ranking member of the Appropriations Committee McKellar, who was an avid supporter of property rights, successfully forced the TVA to properly reimburse landowners whose property was taken over by the TVA for such purposes as dam building and creation of lakes or reservoirs. Prior to McKellar's threats to withhold Federal appropriations for the purchase of uranium early in World War II, the TVA was commonly offering to give landholders "pennies on the dollar" for their properties. As head of the Appropriations Committee, McKellar knew about the appropriations needed for the Manhattan Project to build an atomic bomb.

In the 1930s, the ejido system gained the support of the presidency of Lázaro Cárdenas, and it was strengthened with thirty six created in the municipality of Atoyac alone. However, large estates still remained such as the lands belonging to the Guerrero Land and Timber Co. which included parts of La Unión, Petatlán, Técpan, Atoyac, as well as Ajuchitlán, Coyuca de Catlán and even Chilpancingo in the interior. This left large parts of the Costa Grande still under the control of a few landholders. Labor movements in general were active from the 1930s to the 1950s, culminating is a strike by workers on coconut plantations from Acapulco to Zihuatanejo in 1952, which blocked roads.

The New House is state significant for its refined design and capacity to demonstrate architectural ambition at an early stage of colonial rural settlement. Wambo Homestead Complex is state significant for its rarity as an important homestead complex that was established by a former convict in the Hunter Region, where most large estates were established by free settlement. The complex is significant for its associations with its original owner, the emancipist convict James Hale, who was responsible for the complex's core buildings and who, by 1844, had established himself as one of the top 100 landholders in the colony. Although the Wambo Homestead Complex is in a "rundown" condition, it still maintains and demonstrates its state significance.

It provides evidence of the rise to wealth of James Hale, a former convict and important resident of Windsor who by the mid 1840s had established himself as a successful entrepreneur and one of the 100 largest landholders in the colony. Wambo Homestead is a rare example which demonstrates the economic development of the Hunter Valley Region from an agricultural base through sheep, cattle and horse breeding to dairying and presently coal mining. The process involved in gaining the best economic opportunities from the property can be clearly seen. The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.

Livestock markets were still being held at the outbreak of the Second World War on the "Sauwasen" (the plot of land where the primary school now stands), and each year, there is still a craft market on Kermis Tuesday. Rheinböllen's landholders changed often in the 14th and 15th centuries. Under the 1338 Palatine Partition among Rudolf II, Rupert the Younger and Rupert the Elder, the lordship over Rheinböllen changed once again: the two Ruperts – their name was "Ruprecht" in German – became the new lords. In the same year, King Louis forwent all claims to, among other things, the "half" of Rheinböllen, referring the pledgeholders, John of Bohemia and Archbishop Baldwin, to Count Palatine Rudolf and the two Ruperts.

He was a son of Kealiʻiokaloa and married Kaʻohukiokalani. The marriage between Kūkaʻilani and Kaʻohukiokalani was a half-brother/half-sister union. Abraham Fornander wrote about him: ::"There can be little doubt that Keawenui himself, as well as the public opinion of the chiefs and landholders of Hawaii, considered his occupancy of the dignity and position of Moi of Hawaii as an usurpation of the rights of his nephew, Kukailani, the son of Kealiiokaloa; and this was probably the cause of the commotion and uprising of the great district chiefs in the early part of Keawenui's."Abraham Fornander, An Account of the Polynesian Race: Its Origin and Migrations, Rutland, VT: Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1969.

He put Syria under Sarraj, who effectively reduced the province to a police state by imprisoning and exiling landholders who objected to the introduction of Egyptian agricultural reform in Syria, as well as communists. Following the Lebanese election of Fuad Chehab in September 1958, relations between Lebanon and the UAR improved considerably. On 25 March 1959, Chehab and Nasser met at the Lebanese–Syrian border and compromised on an end to the Lebanese crisis. Nasser waving to crowds in Damascus, Syria, October 1960 Relations between Nasser and Qasim grew increasingly bitter on 9 March, after Qasim's forces suppressed a rebellion in Mosul, launched a day earlier by a pro-Nasser Iraqi RCC officer backed by UAR authorities.

The foundations for stone cellars that can be found along the route indicate that much of the landscape was used for settlements and farms up until the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, after which much of the land was allowed to return to forests. In particular stone foundations and extensive stone walls can be found off of the trail east of High Ledge in the Legend Woods area. Pachaug State Forest was the first state forest in Connecticut and grew quickly in acreage primarily because many of the farmers and landholders in the area realized that their soil was poor for farming and sold their land to the state in the 1920s and 1930s.

During this time a further ease of 5,000 acres of timber was sanctioned by Parliament to enable the company to give enough security to J. S. Lee and Sons for their financial assistance. Only about 2,500 shares were applied for by the public, which was very disappointing to the directors; but they, knowing how urgent it was for Marrawah needs to have an outlet, decided to go on, hoping that the landholders of Marrawah would recognise their own interest in the matter and help to bring the undertaking to a successful issue. During 1907 and 1908 three miles of iron rails were bought in Victoria and laid on the end of the six miles built by Lee.

Communists were active throughout rural and urban Colombia in the period immediately following World War I. The Colombian Communist Party (Partido Comunista Colombiano, PCC) was formally accredited by the Comintern in 1930. The PCC began establishing "peasant leagues" in rural areas and "popular fronts" in urban areas, calling for improved living and working conditions, education, and rights for the working class. These groups began networking together to present a defensive front against the state-supported violence of large landholders. Members organized strikes, protests, seizures of land, and organized communist- controlled "self-defense communities" in southern Colombia that were able to resist state military forces, while providing for the subsistence needs of the populace.

Between the early 14th century and 1915, Scotgate Ash Quarry above the northern edge of Pateley Bridge, supplied Dimension stone (which was known commercially as Delph Stone) that was used in many buildings in Yorkshire and London. The stone was particularly prized as an edging stone for railway platforms and was used at , , , and railway stations. The Metcalfe family, who were landholders in the locality, had a major stake in Scot Gate Ash Quarry and by 1880, because of their influence, the quarry was the largest in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The Metcalfe's installed a standard gauge inclined tramway in 1872 to transport the stone down the hill to the goods sidings west of Pateley Bridge railway station.

Associate members are those who have obtained membership because they are sympathetic to the cause of the Michigan Farm Bureau, or because they would like to receive the benefits associated with a membership (such as Farm Bureau Insurance). Regular members are those who are involved with agriculture. Regular members are typically active farmers, but they can also be retired farmers, greenhouse operators, or landholders who lease their land for agricultural activities. The Michigan Farm Bureau provides a variety of benefits and services to its members, but the most important functions for regular members are (state and federal) lobbying activities and programs and services to educate members on current agricultural issues: political, environmental or otherwise.

The county then went through a series of different landholders until it, along with Biebelsheim, eventually passed in 1667 to the Duke of Lorraine. With Duke of Lorraine Franz Stephan's marriage to Maria Theresa of Habsburg, Biebelsheim passed to Austria and was subject to the Oberamt of Winnweiler in Further Austria.Besitzverhältnisse der rheinhessischen Ortschaften vor dem Übergang an Frankreich, Biebelsheim als Nr. 1157Auflistung des österreichisch-falkensteinischen Besitzstandes in Rheinhessen (footnote at the bottom of the page) Only the absorption of the village into French territory in the late 18th century and the attendant thorough change to the political map ended the more-than-500-year-old Falkenstein hegemony. In the 1560s – indeed no later than 1567 – Biebelsheim became Lutheran.

He was one of the first princely states to start self- governance to people and instituted People's Representative Assembly, comprising farmers, tradesmen, municipal representatives and landholders. Further, he started first Harijan School in 1912 for the upliftment of Dalit people of his State, and also instituted scholarships for further studies in England, America and Japan, particularly in the fields of medicine and science. As a measure of famine relief works, he founded the Bhavnagar Darbar Bank in 1902 to dispense loans to farmers, merchants and traders, and began a co-operative movement. This bank founded by him and Prime Mister of Bhavnagar, Prabhashankar Pattani later grew in to State Bank of Saurashtra.

Coat of arms of the Duchy of Neopatras. The Catalans continued for a while to hold the parts of southern Thessaly they had occupied and raided the region in the following years, while John Doukas' authority was increasingly enfeebled in Thessaly itself at the expense of the large landholders, who became virtually autonomous, maintaining their own, independent contacts with the Byzantine court. As a result, probably , John too was forced to formalize his relations with the Byzantines, recognizing the Empire's suzerainty and marrying Irene Palaiologina, the illegitimate daughter of Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos. When John Doukas died in 1318, the southern part of Thessaly was quickly captured by the Catalans of Athens.