177 Sentences With "inclusionary" | Random Sentence Generator

I had to look up intersectional; anyone knows what inclusionary means.

The phrase "man's bets friend" needs to expand to be more inclusionary.

I'll add, SB 2827 does not override any local inclusionary zoning ordinances.

Such schemes, known as "inclusionary zoning", are increasingly common in progressive American cities.

By reducing future earnings, inclusionary zoning acts as a tax on new development.

The City Council passed the mayor's mandatory inclusionary housing plan, strongly endorsing that principle.

Vu: There's a lot of goodwill because we're trying to be as inclusionary as possible.

Inclusionary procedures should engage all key players, rather than insisting on specific outcomes up front.

One could go on and on about this stuff — bus lanes, a modest Inclusionary Zoning requirement, etc.

The remedies for the inflation of housing prices are already known: rent control, inclusionary zoning, and housing subsidies.

This, says Mr Dikötter, is race put to an inclusionary use: preserving what in effect were China's imperial borders.

Whatever the outcome, this is likely to be the first of many fights over the mandatory inclusionary housing program.

It's both exclusionary and inclusionary: Most of us never experience it, but all of us are touched by it.

He said mandatory inclusionary housing enjoys "robust support" in the Council, but support for other zoning changes is "very mixed."

But one trend was readily apparent: toy makers are trying to appeal to a diverse market with more inclusionary products.

A combination of responses is needed, including more funding for affordable housing, inclusionary zoning and, yes, modern rent control ordinances.

Biden pledged to require any state receiving community development block grants to develop inclusionary zoning plans if he is elected.

" The ballet shoe, which she claims was originally designed to be gender non-specific, "is perennial, democratic, inclusionary and non-ageist.

Inclusionary zoning plus increased density ought to be a top national priority, but it is virtually never discussed in presidential politics.

Preservation advocates agree that the imposition of mandatory inclusionary housing in this instance could stymie the redevelopment of myriad historic properties.

Before the vote, the Planning Commission chairman, Carl Weisbrod, acknowledged "a robust debate" about applying mandatory inclusionary requirements in this instance.

How can women-centered political movements like the Women's March become true inclusionary platforms for trans women and other marginalized groups?

Mr. Della Fave and other community representatives are calling for an inclusionary zoning policy to require affordable housing in new developments.

At the same time, inclusionary zoning laws of the type used in Montgomery County are needed to promote mixed-income housing.

Currently, nine states do not allow for inclusionary zoning rules that require developers to set aside affordable housing on their projects.

Ms. Lago said on Wednesday that she planned to continue the planning department's work on neighborhood development and "inclusionary," or affordable, housing.

"Many housing programs — vouchers, rent control and inclusionary housing — attempt to make housing more affordable without increasing the overall supply," the report said.

"City Council, vote no; M.I.H. has got to go," they chanted, referring to one of the two proposals, known as mandatory inclusionary housing.

For example, inclusionary housing has produced 21940,21967 below-market-rate units and $59 million in affordable housing fees in San Francisco since 1993.

Trudeau's inclusionary politics have worked, then, because he's operating in a country that has long prioritized tolerance as a matter of public policy.

Here, instead of embarrassing conversation screencaps, you'll find the real cringe, which is… people who advocate for inclusionary, egalitarian, or otherwise progressive stances, apparently.

Of course, the result is to leave in place political and economic structures that harm the very groups that inclusionary neoliberals claim to support.

To accomplish the goals of (2), you really do need regulation — either traditional rent control or some newfangled inclusionary zoning or what have you.

And if a 25 percent inclusionary zoning requirement isn't high enough to block all construction, you can always push it up to 35 or 55 percent.

Several politicians and civic groups argue that because the project will be bigger, it should be subject to the New York City's new mandatory inclusionary housing rules.

He has also amped up resources for the enforcement of rent control laws and plans to introduce an inclusionary zoning bill to the City Council in November.

Right now, San Francisco and New York City are reliant on inclusionary zoning, which effectively taxes the production of new housing in order to finance subsidized, affordable housing.

On the other hand, inclusionary housing requirements that force developers to subsidize low-income units sometimes scare developers off altogether—as may be happening in Portland, Oregon, for example.

The party began on a popular note by subsidising electricity, offering free water supply and promising to usher in inclusionary politics with 'Swarajya' (self-rule) as its ultimate goal.

The city spent two fraught years crafting one of the most far-reaching mandatory inclusionary housing programs in the country — one that was calibrated not to invite legal challenges.

Another 675 units would be created in the market-rate buildings, as mandatory inclusionary housing rules require developers to build affordable housing into new projects made possible by rezoning.

In all, Essex Crossing creates 1,079 new apartments, more than half permanently designated for low- and middle-income tenants, a percentage much higher than the city's inclusionary zoning rules require.

The combination of high construction and land costs and high taxes on rentals made such construction unprofitable, he said, and the passage of mandatory inclusionary housing would not change that.

Mr. Lahey acknowledged that he was caught by surprise, but added that he wanted to focus on the inclusionary spirit of the parade, rather than speculate on the governor's motive.

The point isn't that environmental rules or inclusionary zoning ordinances are bad, but that's it's inherently difficult to tell the difference between a good-faith and a bad-faith regulatory scheme.

"This has been so incredibly hard on us," admits Su. But the experience hasn't diminished her resolve; if anything, it's spurred her to continue her inclusionary work in the beer world.

In New York, we have a law — Kendra's Law — that allows for broader inclusionary criteria so that, for example, commitment can be based on a person's history of noncompliance in treatment.

One key element of this effort is known as mandatory inclusionary housing, which is expected to come to a vote before the full Council in March along with other proposed zoning changes.

Interestingly, when we talked to GoldieBlox — a newer company that wants to encourage girls to learn more about STEM — the brand's founder, Debbie Sterling, took credit for this year's more inclusionary toys.

If we've learned anything from trying to be more inclusionary, it's that a whole host of behaviors, sexualities, gender identities and more that were once thought of as aberrant are, simply, not.

The city's tools are powerful: a new mandatory inclusionary housing law that requires developers in rezoned areas to set aside up to 30 percent of units in new buildings for lower-rent apartments.

Because the project was included in the mandatory inclusionary housing program, if the owner were ever to convert the complex into market-rate apartments, at least 25 percent of the units would remain affordable.

Mayor Bill de Blasio has made reducing housing costs a priority, and his mandatory inclusionary housing program, started last year, forces developers that benefit from a zoning change to make some housing permanently affordable.

Very few of the units financed in the last fiscal year — about 800 — came from the city's mandatory inclusionary housing law, which Mr. de Blasio has presented as a critical part of his housing plan.

The city has chosen several neighborhoods for rezoning, creating a requirement, known as mandatory inclusionary housing, that would allow for taller buildings and more density, as long as any new housing built included affordable units.

The zoning change, called mandatory inclusionary housing, requires that the developers of rental apartment buildings in some parts of the city set aside a portion of units to be offered to tenants at below-market rates.

The city will also help Con Edison consolidate facilities that could lead to the sale of land to private developers, who would be required to build affordable housing as part of the mandatory inclusionary housing program.

Although such a requirement, known as mandatory inclusionary housing, enjoyed widespread support from the Council and housing advocates, a major point of contention had been what types of households would be eligible for any new affordable homes.

The two decided to "organize around the county committee, train people on how to get on the ballot, reform it, make it more inclusionary and engage a new crop of people in this work," Ms. Lauter said.

" Thomas told W she was influenced by Latina Hollywood icons like Maria Montez, Chelo Alonso, and Rita Moreno, saying, "They were all powerful women who claimed a space for themselves, in an industry that wasn't exactly inclusionary.

De Blasio is facing intense criticism from some community groups who say that his housing plan, based on creating thousands of affordable units through inclusionary zoning, would create too few truly affordable apartments, while hastening gentrification and displacement.

Mandatory Inclusionary Housing and Zoning for Quality and Affordability are the models: rezoned neighborhoods allow for an influx of mostly luxury apartments, along with a small number of "affordable" units (most of which are unaffordable to current residents).

But they say the city's Mandatory Inclusionary Housing program, which requires developers to create a certain percentage of affordable housing, mandates that a quarter of the 21,2000 proposed condominiums and rental units be offered at below-market prices.

The building was to be the first private project under Mayor Bill de Blasio's Mandatory Inclusionary Housing program, which requires that in new developments on rezoned land, at least 250 percent of units must be below market rate.

Mr. Uhlfelder also doesn't mention the city's $8.2 billion investment in affordable housing or its Mandatory Inclusionary Housing program, which puts an obligation on developers to build affordable housing and is creating permanently affordable housing in the five boroughs.

Whether that's done purely by re-legalizing market-rate construction, by reviving public housing, or with a mixed strategy like inclusionary zoning, there's no getting around the fact that the raw number of units and their location matters a lot.

A fierce debate has emerged over whether the 62-unit development, on West 18th Street just off the Avenue of the Americas, must make 25 to 30 percent of its units affordable under the city's new mandatory inclusionary housing program.

Acuity has already hinted that it might be willing to include five or six affordable units in the project to win Council approval, though that would be fewer than the 15 to 20 units required by the mandatory inclusionary housing program.

Mayor de Blasio continues the disastrous "inclusionary" rezoning policies of former mayor Mike Bloomberg, and the results — predictable from 2014 — are apparent: median housing prices in Queens reached 83% of median income in 2016, and in Brooklyn 129% of median income.

And Magda Dajani from New York City points out there may be an economic advantage for making diverse dolls: An inclusionary, diversified approach to doll range should reflect people across ethnicities, cultures, genders, and physical state (wheelchair user, amputee, dwarf, etc).

Like many of the 21.1,000 fans who converged at the sold-out tournament to see the San Francisco Shock take on the Vancouver Titans, Ms. Papagni was drawn to the game because of its inclusionary nature and ease of entry.

" His primary proposal for combating gentrification was expanding the use of Community Development Block Grant and tying them to inclusionary zoning and creating "millions more units of housing so that it is affordable, so folks can live closer to where they work.

And to be fair, it's unclear whether the white gay men who have complained about the flag are fully aware of the discrimination that's been documented within Philadelphia's LGBTQ community, or the context of the flag's inclusionary message that's specific to the city.

The city recently adopted a mandatory inclusionary housing policy that requires developers to set aside up to 30 percent of all units in new market-rate buildings for lower-rent apartments if they want to build in neighborhoods rezoned for new residential development.

The concern among city officials is that if the Planning Commission were to interpret the rules on mandatory inclusionary housing, or M.I.H., in a way that would seem overly onerous to developers, it would invite lawsuits that could jeopardize the new rules.

Both Davidson and Erisis have worked to create trans-inclusionary spaces within their local improv communities; back in 2007, Erisis founded one of the first and only all-trans improv groups, called the Fully Functional Players, and Stephen runs a group in London called Queer Improv.

Timed to the company's I/O developer conference, Pichai wrote that "privacy cannot be a luxury good," a subtle swipe at Apple and a pledge to remake Google's image as one concerned with broad, inclusionary access to privacy tools that give you more control and provides more transparency.

The commission did approve a second development that will have mandatory inclusionary housing: a 1.1-million-square-foot complex in the Bronx that is one of the first to employ the program in a novel way to ensure permanent affordability for at least a portion of the development.

They also lowered the top inclusionary housing level for developers, from 120 percent of the area median income, to 115 percent, about $89,000 a year for a family of three, with requirements that a portion of the apartments in those developments be created for those earning much less.

Support (with votes, dollars, your presence at community meetings) practices designed to build more accessible towns, cities and suburbs — things like community land trusts, inclusionary zoning and projects such as the recently opened Exchange House, a vacant house in Akron, Ohio, that was converted into a cultural hostel and gathering space.

He said it's an equal split between the two different unit types, the "sleeping pods" and the above-ground studios — 25% of the above-grade units will be affordable, while 25% of the "sleeping pods" will meet that inclusionary criterion, which is why there's a price range on each type.

And because a lot of times, it's harder for, and not as inclusionary in a lot of neighborhoods for girls to play pickup, but you'll see there [on the rez], you'll see that it's every bit as much of pull-up, crossover in somebody's face and then let the crowd know what you just did.

Add in the fees localities impose on new housing, such as impact and inspection fees and inclusionary zoning requirements, not to mention the threat of rent control, and you have a perfect recipe to discourage the production of housing and significantly raise the costs (and thus rents) of the properties that do get built.

" There are policies in place that attempt to balance the development so that, along with luxury high-rises, more affordable housing units are added to the city stock "Thankfully we have an inclusionary housing ordinance," said Sobel, "that requires developers provide a certain percentage of affordable housing or pay a fee towards affordable housing, but it's not enough.

Some towns like Fairfield have implemented mandatory inclusionary housing programs, similar to those in New York City; Darien, after spending millions on blocking projects, has started building its own; while Milford, just a few inlets up the coast, has faced down numerous lawsuits and politicians have turned this issue into a reliable get-out-the-vote tactic.

Fundamentally, however, the main thrust of Sanders's thinking on housing appears to be anti-market — other provisions include a call for a stiff new tax on house-flippers, an expansion of inclusionary zoning regulations, and a special tax on vacant properties — even as he remains formally committed to a sweeping zoning reform that the candidate does not seem particularly interested in talking about.

Since Mr. Baraka took office in 2014 he has won the support of affordable housing activists by adopting policies like inclusionary zoning, which requires developers to offer 20 percent of residential units below market rate in new buildings with more than 30 units, Developers can also receive tax abatements for hiring minority and female contractors as co-developers on projects to build affordable housing.

Researcher Regis Chireshe claims inclusionary education needs legislative and policy support, more quality inclusionary education training for teachers and inclusionary education campaigns to improve the stigma associated with people experiencing disabilities. The government has recently expanded the Schools Psychological Services and Special Needs Education Division to better serve students experiencing disabilities in school.

Inclusionary zoning (IZ), also known as inclusionary housing, refers to municipal and county planning ordinances that require a given share of new construction to be affordable by people with low to moderate incomes. The term inclusionary zoning indicates that these ordinances seek to counter exclusionary zoning practices, which aim to exclude low-cost housing from a municipality through the zoning code. There are variations among different inclusionary zoning programs. Firstly, they can be mandatory or voluntary.

Better methods of enforcement in addition to new policies are proposed to be a help. In 2010 the Justice Department under President Barack Obama made a new fair-lending unit. Inclusionary remedies to truly enforce integration are also proposed. Inclusionary housing refers to making sure that areas are integrated, and inclusionary housing increases chances for racial minorities to gain and sustain employment.

On 21 Feb 2019, the City of Johannesburg Council approved its "Inclusionary Housing Incentives, Regulations and Mechanisms 2019". The policy is the first of its kind in South Africa and provides four options for inclusionary housing (including price limited, size limited or negotiated options) where at least 30% of dwelling units in new developments of 20 units or more, must be inclusionary housing.

NHC holds several regional housing forums each year, in partnership with a network of other national, state and local housing and related organizations. The forums discuss national issues, including affordability, sustainability, and housing's connections to transportation, economic development, education, public health, and more.NHC Regional, State and Local Forums It also regularly brings together local and national leaders to discuss inclusionary housing, also known as inclusionary zoning, at a National Inclusionary Housing Conference. Inclusionary housing helps ensure the construction of low- to moderate-income housing by requiring developers to set aside affordable units in an otherwise market-driven development.

Inclusionary zoning remains a controversial issue. Some affordable housing advocates seek to promote the policies in order to ensure that housing is available for a variety of income levels in more places. These supporters hold that inclusionary zoning produces needed affordable housing and creates income- integrated communities. Yet other Affordable Housing advocates state the reverse is true, that Inclusionary Zoning can have the opposite effect and actually reduce affordable housing in a community.

These researchers noted that whether non-minorities are included or excluded in an article about multiculturalism can implicitly influence their inclusionary associations with the ideology.

The invitation list for these feasts was broader and the event was larger and in a public setting. Inclusionary feasts were celebrations by the community as a whole. The cuisine for inclusionary feasts was similar to that of daily meals, whereas for diacritical feasts the cuisine was higher end and meant to impress the guests. Feasts differed slightly throughout eras and various societies in Mesoamerica.

To counter the gentrification of their mixed-populace communities, there are cases where residents formally organized themselves to develop the necessary socio-political strategies required to retain local affordable housing. The gentrification of a mixed-income community raises housing affordability to the fore of the community's politics. There are cities, municipalities, and counties which have countered gentrification with inclusionary zoning (inclusionary housing) ordinances requiring the apportionment of some new housing for the community's original low- and moderate-income residents. Inclusionary zoning is a new social concept in English speaking countries; there are few reports qualifying its effective or ineffective limitation of gentrification in the English literature.

Subsequently, developers have won cases, such as Palmer/Sixth Street Properties, L.P. v. City of Los Angeles (2009), against cities that imposed inclusionary requirements on rental units, as the state law supersedes local ordinances. Citizen groups and developers have also sought other ways to strengthen or defeat inclusionary zoning laws. For example, the initiative and referendum process in California allows citizen groups or developers to change local ordinances on affordable housing by popular vote.

Bubel-Aiken Foundation Awards $20K Grant to MJCCA for Inclusionary Camp Program .atlantajcc.org. March 16, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-07City Parks Department Receives Grant for Summer Camp Inclusion Program bloomington.in.gov.

Therefore, special education in developed countries is often regarded as a service rather than a place.National Council on Disability. (1994). Inclusionary education for students with special needs: Keeping the promise. Washington, DC: Author.

Concerns about the changing suburban form come up frequently in "legislator outcry" in connection to concerns that New Jersey suburban communities will begin to look like cities. New Jersey mayors have traditionally opposed affordable housing. The stance of town leadership on fair land use policies is unclear as the public has been excluded from many of these discussions surrounding inclusionary inclusionary zoning via the Open Public Records Act (N.J.S.A 10:4-12 ) are taking place in executive session, rather than the public session.

Included in its requirements are provisions for a promenade along the East River, built piecemeal by the developers of existing waterfront lots. An inclusionary housing plan was included in the resolution and provides height bonuses along the waterfront and in Northside Williamsburg for developers providing apartments at rates considered affordable for low-income households (below 80% of the area's median income); on the waterfront, these bonuses could allow for up to seven-story height increases.Greenpoint/Williamsburg Inclusionary Housing Program . New York City Department of City Planning.

Real Estate industry detractors note that inclusionary zoning levies an indirect tax on developers, so as to discourage them from building in areas that face supply shortages. Furthermore, to ensure that the affordable units are not resold for profit, deed restrictions generally fix a long-term resale price ceiling, eliminating a potential benefit of home ownership. Free market advocates oppose attempts to fix given social outcomes by government intervention in markets. They argue inclusionary zoning constitutes an onerous land use regulation that exacerbates housing shortages.

In the case Home Builders Association of Northern California v. City of Napa, the California First District Court of Appeal upheld the inclusionary zoning ordinances of City of Napa that require 10 percent of units of the new development project to be moderate income housing against the Home Builders Association that challenged the City of Napa. Cities have also attempted to impose inclusionary requirements on rental units. However, the Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act prohibits cities in California from imposing limitation on rental rates on vacant units.

Because land speculation tends to cause volatility in property values, removing real estate (houses, buildings, land) from the open market freezes property values, and thereby prevents the economic eviction of the community's poorer residents. The most common, formal legal mechanism for such stability in English speaking countries is the community land trust; moreover, many inclusionary zoning ordinances formally place the "inclusionary" housing units in a land trust. German municipalities and other cooperative actors have and maintain strong roles on the real estate markets in their realm.

For example, in Los Angeles, California, inclusionary zoning apparently accelerated gentrification, as older, unprofitable buildings were razed and replaced with mostly high-rent housing, and a small percentage of affordable housing; the net result was less affordable housing. In New York, NY, inclusionary zoning allows for up to a 400% increase in luxury housing for every unit of affordable housing and for an additional 400% luxury housing when combined with the liberal use of development rights. Critics have stated the affordable housing can be directed to those making up to $200,000 through the improper use of an Area Median Income, and used as political tools by organizations tied to various politicians. New York City communities such as Harlem, the Lower East Side, Williamsburg, Chelsea and Hell's Kitchen have experienced significant secondary displacement through the use of Inclusionary Zoning.

The basis of inclusionary zoning is partial replacement as opposed to displacement of the embedded communities. In Los Angeles, California, inclusionary zoning apparently accelerated gentrification, as older, unprofitable buildings were razed and replaced with mostly high-rent housing, and a small percentage of affordable housing; the net result was less affordable housing. German (speaking) municipalities have a strong legal role in zoning and on the real estate market in general and a long tradition of integrating social aspects in planning schemes and building regulations. The German approach uses en (milieu conservation municipal law), e.g.

On the political right, populism is often combined with nationalism, with "the people" and "the nation" becoming fairly interchangeable categories in their discourse. Some political scientists have also argued that populism can be divided into "inclusionary" and "exclusionary" forms.

After the formation of a Government under Rosário, opposition politicians from RENAMO complained that all 22 ministers were from the FRELIMO party and that the government therefore was not inclusionary. In January 2020 he started a new term as Prime Minister.

The large low income resident population burdens Norristown's local government and school district, while much of the county remains unburdened. Inclusionary zoning aims to reduce residential economic segregation by mandating that a mix of incomes be represented in a single development.

Other legal battles have occurred in California, where many cities have implemented inclusionary zoning policies that typically require 10 percent to 15 percent of units to be affordable housing. The definition of affordable housing includes both low-income housing and moderate-income housing. In California, low-income housing is typically designed for households making 51 percent to 80 percent of the median income, and moderate- income housing is typically for households making 81 percent to 120 percent of the median income. Developers have attempted to fight back these requirements by challenging local inclusionary zoning ordinances through the court legal system.

Supporters of inclusionary zoning point out that low income households are more likely to become economically successful if they have middle class neighbors as peers and role models. When effective, inclusionary zoning reduces the concentration of poverty in slum districts where social norms may not provide adequate models of success. Education is one of the largest components in the effort to lift people out of poverty; access to high-quality public schools is another key benefit of reduced segregation. Statistically, a poor child in a school where 80% of the children are poor scores 13–15% lower compared to environments where the poor child's peers are 80% middle class.

In October, Extell purchased of air rights from Peter Fine's Atlantic Development Group using New York's inclusionary zoning program to support affordable housing. Atlantic Development Group had earned the air rights after building an affordable apartment building on 35th Street in Murray Hill, Manhattan in 2005.

The California Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) reported that parts of California which built more housing saw slower growth in rents for poor households and that market-rate development is associated with a protective effect against displacement, whereas the presence of an inclusionary-zoning mandate is not.

Majoritarianism, as a concept of government, branches out into several forms. The classic form includes unicameralism and a unitary state. Qualified majoritarianism is a more inclusionary form, with degrees of decentralization and federalism. Integrative majoritarianism incorporates several institutions to preserve minority groups and foster moderate political parties.

Innamorato has spoken in favor of Inclusionary Zoning and Affordable Housing initiatives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Innamorato joined with other lawmakers in calling for a moratorium on evictions. She was the author of legislation that called for statewide rent and mortgage freezes for the duration of the COVID-19 response and economic recovery.

During the 39th Parliament, DiNovo introduced many other bills covering such concerns as repealing dog- breed specific legislation, inclusionary housing, and safe bicycle passing guidelines. She also co-sponsored an all-party bill, that became law, calling for the commemoration of the Ukrainian genocide known as the Holodomor on the 15th of November each year in Ontario.

In May 2016, the government introduced housing legislation that included inclusionary zoning. In a 2017 episode of the television series Political Blind Date, DiNovo and Marie-France Lalonde discussed their differing perspectives on the issue of criminal justice and corrections."Political Blind Date series hopes opposites attract, or at least get along". Toronto Star, November 4, 2017.

She has also written on impact fees, foreclosures, community benefits agreements, parking requirements, inclusionary zoning, second liens, and assessing the impact of Superstorm Sandy on New York City neighborhoods. In 2008, she was named an affiliated professor of public policy at NYU's Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service. She is a member of the American Law Institute.

Whereas traditional forms of property are exclusionary ("if it is mine, it is not yours"), peer property forms are inclusionary. It is from all of us, i.e. also for you, provided you respect the basic rules laid out in the license, such as the openness of the source code for example.Michel Bauwens (2005): The Political Economy of Peer Production.

In 2016, Mayor Bill de Blasio promised an even more aggressive plan to build and preserve 200,000 housing units over ten-years and he introduced mandatory-inclusionary zoning requiring 30 percent of all new construction units to be affordable. The goals of the initiative, which was called Housing New York, were later increased to 300,000 affordable housing units by 2026.

Hackney's solution to affordable housing has been able to put more affordable housing on the market by making use of inclusionary practices. This district built a significant number of affordable units and subsidised them with market rate units. In Hackney about half of the new units are affordable. In an effort to avoid displacing current residents, construction was completed in phases.

Homeowners sometimes note that their property values will be reduced if low income families move into their community. Others counter consider their concerns thinly-concealed classism and racism. Some of the most widely publicized inclusionary zoning battles have involved the REIT AvalonBay Communities. According to the company's website, AvalonBay seeks to develop properties in "high barrier-to- entry markets" across the United States.

Although populist leaders often present themselves as representatives of "the people", they often come from elite strata in society; examples like Berlusconi, Fortuyn, and Haider were all well-connected to their country's political and economic elites. Populism can also be subdivided into "inclusionary" and "exclusionary" forms, which differ in their conceptions of who "the people" are. Inclusionary populism tends to define "the people" more broadly, accepting and advocating for minority and marginalised groups, while exclusionary populism defines "the people" in a much stricter sense, generally being focused on a particular sociocultural group and antagonistic against minority groups. However, this is not exactly a pure dichotomy – exclusive populists can still give voice to those who feel marginalised by the political status quo and include minorities if it is advantageous, while inclusive populists can vary significantly in how inclusive they actually are.

Diacritical feasts were hosted by the wealthy and powerful, with only a strict list of other elite guests. These feasts were to demonstrate differences in social status and ensure that other members of society knew who had the power. This is evident with royals, politicians and the elite gaining loyalty through hosting feasts or performing rituals. Inclusionary feasts were held to promote solidarity and equality among the entire community.

The building has since been divided into 11 condominium units.City of Newton real property database: 391 Walnut It is now called the Oxford House,Yahoo real estate ad accessed April 22, 20082007 Builder's Choice Award Winner: Grand and was the city's first inclusionary zoning project. The building is a contributing property in the Newtonville Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 4, 1986.

The clash between these various interests is reflected in this study published by the libertarian-leaning Reason Foundation's public policy think tank, and the response of a peer review of that research. Local governments reflect and in some cases balance these competing interests. In California, the League of Cities has created a guide to inclusionary zoning which includes a section on the pros and cons of the policies.

There is another narrative that at his age of 16, the upper classes, being irritated by the inclusionary views and activities of Vaikundar and his popularity, made several attempts to eliminate him and all of them failed. So they eventually conspired to kill him in by clandestine means. They pretend to be get convinced to his view and pretend to celebrate him and his preachings. They invited him for a banquet at Marunthuvazh Malai.

The most common source of funding for local housing trust funds come from fees charged for private construction. This includes local impact fees or "in-lieu fees" (or fees paid under inclusionary zoning in-lieu of constructing affordable housing units). Several of the largest cities in the U.S., including New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Seattle, have city trust funds. These funds receive more than $10 million annually per city.

Feasts in Mesoamerica served as settings for social and political negotiations. Wealthy or royal families hosted feasts for the purpose of gaining loyalty and a strong image that would help them politically or socially in the future. People of every social status hosted feasts as a celebration of family and life. There were two main types of feasts, as discussed by Lisa J. LeCount and suggested by Dietler, diacritical exclusionary events and inclusionary events.

This approach portrays children as passive, helpless, risky and dangerous unless adults intervene in their lives using risk-focused responses. PYJ is progressive through its focus on promoting positive behaviours and outcomes for children (e.g. access to their universal rights, access to and engagement with support services, opportunities and guidance, educational attainment, employment and training). PYJ seeks to normalise offending behaviour by children and to respond through promotional, child-friendly, diversionary and inclusionary interventions.

The economy regained momentum after 2009 once the Government of National Unity was formed. This is an inclusionary government developed to resolve national challenges. The Government of National Unity suspended the Zimbabwe currency to implement full dollarization, reducing hyperinflation and increasing social expenditures. Zimbabwe's focus on expanding education opportunities for the past 25 years has led to national accomplishments including achieving the highest literacy rate in Africa at 91% from ages 15 to 24.

After Mills and Mount Holyoke, Simmons University, Scripps College, Bryn Mawr and Wellesley changed their policy to accept transgender students. The last US women colleges to change their policies to admit transgender students were Smith College and Barnard College, effective on May and June 2015, respectively. Student activists at US women colleges are credited for the introduction of more inclusionary policies allowing admission of trans women in spaces which historically have excluded them.

In practice, AvalonBay uses inclusionary zoning laws, such as the Massachusetts Comprehensive Permit Act: Chapter 40B, to bypass local zoning laws and build large apartment complexes. In some cases, local residents fight back with a lawsuit. In Connecticut, similar developments by AvalonBay have resulted in attempts to condemn the land or reclaim it by eminent domain.New York Times In most cases AvalonBay has won these disputes and built extremely profitable apartments or condominiums.

In September 2016, Symphony Number One began its second season with compositions by Strauss, Mahler, and Steve Reich. SNO was named a "Category Buster" by Baltimore Magazine in their 2016 "Best of Baltimore" issue; SNO also won runner up for "Best Band" in Baltimore Magazine's Reader's Poll. In addition, SNO was featured in I Care if You Listen's Mixtape #20. Symphony Number One emphasizes inclusionary policies in orchestra membership, audience access, and selection of featured composers.

Miller led the Council in enacting some of the most sweeping changes in land use policy in the City's history. Miller set a new standard for affordable housing requirements as part of land use applications, broadening the use of inclusionary zoning. Miller pushed through historic rezonings for Manhattan's Far West Side and Chelsea districts and the Williamsburg-Greenpoint area. Miller provided invaluable leadership to the City during the fiscal crisis that followed the September 11 attacks.

Syriza, which became the largest party since January 2015 elections, has been described as a left-wing populist party after their platform incorporated most demands of the popular movements in Greece during the government-debt crisis. Populist traits in Syriza's platform include growing importance of "the People" in their rhetoric and "us/the people against them/the establishment" antagonism in campaigning. On immigration and LGBT rights, Syriza is inclusionary. Syriza itself does not accept the label "populist".

The statewide homebuilding industry vocally opposed the measure in part because it would make San Jose the largest US city with a citywide inclusionary requirement, and sued after its passage; subsequent litigation prevented its implementation until the California Supreme Court eventually sided with the City of San Jose in 2015. Liccardo also advocated for more high-rise housing in San José's downtown, including the construction of the $135 million, 23-story high rise at One South Market.

Retrieved 20 July 2015. Inclusionary Award from Assemblyman Mike Eng, 49th District - 2011Staff Thai Community Development Center. Retrieved 20 July 2015. API Heritage Month Honoree from Assemblyman Kevin De Leon, 45th District - 2010Staff Thai Community Development Center. Retrieved 20 July 2015. Sheroes Award from State Senator Curren Price, 26th District - 2010Staff Thai Community Development Center. Retrieved 20 July 2015. Exemplary Leadership Award from Thai Association of So. California - 2008Staff Thai Community Development Center. Retrieved 20 July 2015.

Some tenants choose not to return to the locations after redevelopment. While it may be too soon to determine the overall effect of the HOPE VI program, the Bush administration recommended termination of the program in 2004. Inclusionary zoning practices refer to local planning ordinances that can increase the supply of affordable housing, reduce the cost of creating housing, and enforce regulations that improve the health, safety and quality of life for low income and minority households.

In 2003, the Supreme Court openly recognized the importance of diversity in education, where they noted that integrated classrooms prepare students to become citizens and leaders in a diverse country.Frankenberg, p. 10. Psychologists have studied the social and developmental benefits of integrated schools. In a study by Killen, Crystal, and Ruck, researchers discovered that students in integrated schools demonstrate more tolerance and inclusionary behaviors compared to those who have less contact with students from other racial backgrounds.

Federal and local policies have historically racially segregated public housing. Local jurisdictions determined whether to incorporate public housing into their locality and most had control over where low income housing sites were built. In many areas, the white majority would not allow public housing to be built in "their" neighborhoods unless it was reserved for poor whites. Black elected officials recognized the need for housing for their constituents, but felt that it would be politically unpopular to advocate for inclusionary housing.

Some thought they had been commandeered to attend to make a political statement about exclusion. In spite of the controversies, there were inclusionary programs added to the overall agenda such as workshops for the first time held on racism and one held to discuss Nicaragua and the Sandinista Revolution. Lesbianism was included as part of the official conference programs and a series of workshops were held on lesbian issues. Out of the conference, the idea for the First Latin American and Caribbean Lesbian Feminist Encuentro was born.

A study conducted by the Century Foundation in Montgomery County, Md., showed that students from a low-income background enrolled in affluent schools did better than students in higher- poverty schools. Criminal activity, including gang life and drug abuse, is also more prevalent in poorer areas. The rate of teenage pregnancy has been shown to increase in these areas as well.Seitles, Marc, 1996 “The Perpetuation of Racial Residential Segregation in America: Historical Discrimination, Modern Forms of Exclusion, and Inclusionary Remedies,” Florida State University College of Law.

The term "workforce housing" is appearing in policy discussions at national and state levels. While typically defined by local terms - area median income, fair market rent, and the employment base of the particular region - without the ability fund initiatives or to create sufficient incentives or mandates, it is difficult to have any impact on affordable housing. As with all affordable housing initiatives, local governments may use existing tools like inclusionary zoning, upzonings, density bonuses to create desired outcomes. Incentives may include waiver of fees like building permit fees, water and sewer fees.

In December 2015, Bill 137 passed Second Reading with all party support and is currently waiting to be reviewed by the standing committee on regulations and private bills. DiNovo successfully proposed a bill to recognize Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a work place injury for first responders fast-tracking their Workplace Safety and Insurance Board benefits. After seven years, four bills and one second reading, the government introduced legislation in February 2016. Similarly, DiNovo tabled her bill on inclusionary zoning (for affordable housing) five times over eight years, passing second reading twice.

According to Lawson, Graham, and Baker (2007), South African psychology should address specific issues related to apartheid such as violence, poverty, racism, and HIV/AIDS to overcome social unrest. Other issues that should also be addressed include addressing the lingering individual trauma associated with apartheid and using a more inclusionary theory versus the exclusionary policies of past psychologies (p. 439). It is important to understand the importance of globalization when exploring indigenous psychologies. In article from the Monitor (May 2006), the APA Senior Director of International Affairs, Merry Bullock discusses globalization of psychology.

Music has always been a public forum with the ability to drastically alter culture and carry messages of dissent. Consequently, when moral exclusion is seen as a human capacity it logically follows that all humans also have the capacity to limit its consequences. As Opotow et al. (2005) suggest, Moral Exclusion Theory can be coupled with peace education to better understand conflict between groups that lead to extreme situations such as genocide, and also shift to educating about the importance of an inclusionary focus for groups and individuals.

For example, 76% of Madison voters voted against a 2006 state constitutional amendment to ban gay marriage, even though the ban passed statewide with 59% of the vote. In 1992, a local third party, Progressive Dane, was founded. City policies supported in the Progressive Dane platform have included an inclusionary zoning ordinance, later abandoned by the mayor and a majority of the city council, and a city minimum wage. The party holds several seats on the Madison City Council and Dane County Board of Supervisors, and is aligned variously with the Democratic and Green parties.

As the director of the Pratt Center, Lander has been a critic of the Bloomberg administration's development policies. He has also been a critic of the Atlantic Yards project. Lander's work in 2003–2005 on the Greenpoint- Williamsburg rezoning led to the first New York City inclusionary housing program to create affordable housing in new development outside Manhattan. Lander served on a mayoral taskforce that recommended reforms to the 421-a tax exemption for luxury housing and required that new development in certain areas of the city set aside affordable housing units.

Kälin was born in 1971 in Zurich. In his teenage years, he began collecting immigration and citizenship laws from different countries, writing to embassies to request copies of their legislations and keeping the documents in a big binder. He told writer and journalist Atossa Araxia Abrahamian of this time in his life: "What always fascinated me was the inclusionary and exclusionary aspect of citizenship [...] I wanted to understand how different countries handled this." Kälin studied in Paris, Auckland and Zurich and earned master's and PhD degrees in law from the University of Zurich.

Hernández was always vocal about her love for her native Mexico, but she was careful to place significance upon Mesoamerican cultures, highlighting them when possible through her dancing. Her goal was to convey the diversity of Mexico, while also exploring pre-Columbian culture and traditions. She became a symbol for Mexicanidad, her pursuit of indigenous inclusionary dance an indication of her dedication to the presentation of a realistic Mexican identity (i.e. not only Western-influenced). Hernández’s love of indigeneity has also cemented the indigenous image of Mexico around the world, a direct result of the company’s world-wide presence.

In 2006, Liccardo ran for San Jose's District 3 Council seat. After placing first in an eight-candidate June primary with 43% percent of the vote, Liccardo went on to place first in the November runoff election, this time with 61.3%. In June 2010, he won his reelection to the City Council with 80.16% of the primary vote. As councilman, Liccardo pushed for more affordable housing, championing an inclusionary zoning ordinance in 2008 that required developers to either build 15% of their units in any project to be affordable and rent-restricted, or to pay fees to finance affordable housing construction elsewhere.

After four decades of work the Metropolitan Council on Housing needed to shift some of its campaigning in response to new issues in New York City's affordable rental landscape, including organizing against rezoning that would impact low cost housing availability. However, the Council's main focus has remained supporting tenant organizations. The Council is a partner in the Real Rent Reform Campaign. In 2016, Ava Farkas, Executive Director of the Met Council, spoke out against New York City's Mandatory Inclusionary Housing policies rolled out by Mayor Bill de Blasio, linking this policy to increases in gentrification in New York City.

The economic strategy of General Velasco's government was shaped by a conception frequently advocated in Latin America but rarely put into practice. The idea was to find a "third way" between capitalism and socialism, with a corporatist society much more inclusionary than that possible under capitalism but without rejecting private ownership or adopting any of the compulsory methods identified with communism. Under this strategy, land reform was designed to override existing property interests in order to establish cooperative ownership, rejecting both individual private farming and state farms. Promoting worker participation in ownership and management was intended to reshape labor relations.

This led to the successful preservation of this critical housing resource. They also focused on the City's growth, the transformation of the old industrial landscape into mixed-use areas, inclusionary zoning policies, the critical need to address parking, the actual impact and effects of gentrification, tax policies to encourage housing construction and affordability, the importance and impact of regional housing strategy, global Best Practice in affordable housing, and intervention after the global economic crisis. Recently CHPC's Making Room initiative has launched a new approach to housing policy.New York Times article on CHPC's Making ROom initiative This initiative spawned an exhibition at the Museum of the City of New York.

While the U.S. database is not directly connected to any other country, the underlying CODIS software is used by other agencies around the world. , the CODIS software is used by 90 international laboratories in 50 countries. International police agencies that want to search the U.S. database can submit a request to the FBI for review. If the request is reasonable and the profile being searched would meet inclusionary standards for a U.S. profile, such as number of loci, the request can be searched at the national level or forwarded to any states where reasonable suspicion exists that they may be present in that level of the database.

There are approximately over 280 community land trusts in the United States. In 2006, a national association was established in the United States to provide assistance and support for CLTs: the National Community Land Trust Network. Also established that year to serve as the Network’s training and research arm was the National CLT Academy. In 2016, the National Community Land Trust Network and Cornerstone Partnership merged to create Grounded Solutions Network, a national nonprofit membership association established to provide support U.S. based community land trusts and shared equity housing programs with capacity-building resources, inclusionary housing policy development, strategic planning, peer learning, technical assistance, training, and programmatic support.

West Hollywood has inclusionary zoning laws governing development. The city established the Affordable Housing Trust Fund in 1986 requiring developers to either provide affordable housing in new projects or pay a fee in-lieu to the city which it directs towards other affordable housing projects. West Hollywood City Hall on Santa Monica Boulevard In 1993 the West Hollywood City Council voted for West Hollywood to become the first official pro-choice city in America. In 2006, the City Council passed a medicinal marijuana resolution, by a vote of 4–0, making it the first city in Southern California to adopt a lowest law enforcement priority law for cannabis offenses.

Capital Impact used the grant to replicate shared equity homeownership programs that enable new homebuyers to partner with a government or nonprofit agency acting as a co-investor, providing the homebuyer with public funds to reduce costs. In return, homebuyers agree to share their equity appreciation to preserve affordability and return funds to the initial public investment. In October 2015, a piece in the Dallas Observer featured Capital Impact's "Inclusionary Calculator" to help cities address affordable housing zoning issues. In 2016, Capital Impact was awarded $4.8 million from the Community Development Financial Institution Fund's Capital Magnet Fund, which is given to aid low-income families and economically distressed communities.

Napa County created its Trust Fund in 1992 to construct and rehabilitate affordable housing units. It is primarily funded through fees paid by developers (commercial or residential) in-lieu of building affordable housing, which would otherwise be required by the County's inclusionary zoning law. Since inception, the Fund has made more than $12 million in loans to support the development of 28 projects, creating more than 725 affordable housing units total, throughout the County. In addition to funding affordable housing construction, the fund provides down payment assistance loans of up to 10% of the cost of a home to home buyers who work in Napa County and earn less than 120% of the area median income.

On July 2, 2019, the state of Oregon passed House Bill 2001 which provides an alternative to single family homes. The bill is an example of inclusionary zoning and allow for more affordable housing to be built. The bill allows duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, and cottage clusters (which are several smaller homes built around a community backyard or other green space) to be built on land zoned for single family homes in cities with over 25,000 residents. In cities with over 10,000 residents duplexes will be allowed on land zoned for single family homes. Approximately 2.8 million people of Oregon’s 4.1 million population live in areas that will be affected by this bill.

The Cornell School District offers a full continuum of special education programs and services to all eligible for such services. Special Education programs and services are available for all eligible students between the ages of three (3) and twenty-one (21). The following types of services are offered by the Cornell School District either through the district, placements in the Allegheny Intermediate Unit, or in Approved Private Schools: Developmental Delays (Preschool Only), Deaf or Hearing Impaired Support, Multiple Disabled Support, Autistic Support, Physical Support, Speech and Language Support, Life Skills, Blind or Visually Impaired Support, Neurologically Impaired Support, Learning Support, Emotional Support, Other Health Impaired Support. Students in grades K–12 receive services via an inclusionary model.

Living apart from the whole of society also means not having a mate, so being able to detect ostracism would be a highly adaptive response to ensure survival and continuation of the genetic line. It is proposed that ostracism uniquely poses a threat to four fundamental human needs; the need to belong, the need for control in social situations, the need to maintain high levels of self-esteem, and the need to have a sense of a meaningful existence. A threat to these needs produces psychological distress and pain. Thus, people are motivated to remove this pain with behaviours aimed at reducing the likelihood of others ostracising them any further and increasing their inclusionary status.

Pass Laws have been due to two specific white needs. The white population in South Africa utilized these laws as “an ‘exclusionary’ need to obtain political security by controlling and policing the number of Africans in “white” areas, and an “inclusionary’ need to ensure a supply of cheap labor within these areas”. The legislation and practices associated with the pass Laws have changed over time. As these demands and beliefs changed, so did the rights of the black population in South Africa. When the pass laws were implemented at the turn of the century, they “encouraged the flow of labor into ‘white’ agriculture and industry and to redistribute labor into geographical areas where it was needed”.

East New York Councilman Rafael Espinal also became a protest target for his involvement in rezoning his Brooklyn neighborhood. Although roughly a third of East New York residents do not make enough to qualify for most affordable housing units, Councilman Espinal voted for the city's new mandatory inclusionary housing rules which granted developers density bonuses. NYCC also has publicly outed the New York State Association for Affordable Housing for its role in gentrifying neighborhoods, and demanded that the city rely on nonprofit developers to increase the stock of below-market-rate housing. In June 2016, the group protested outside the homes of Ron Moelis of L+M Development Partners to launch their Real Gentrifiers campaign.

During the decades that followed, Davis continued to champion community land trusts in his writing and professional practice. For his contributions to advancing the cause of CLTs, he received the Swann-Matthei Award from the National CLT Network in 2006. Davis served as the housing director and Enterprise Community coordinator for the City of Burlington, Vermont from 1986 to 1996. Under Mayor Bernie Sanders and Mayor Peter Clavelle, Davis played a leading role in crafting and enacting affordable housing legislation at the municipal, state and federal levels, including Burlington's condominium conversion ordinance, inclusionary zoning ordinance, and housing trust fund ordinances, Vermont's Cooperative Housing Ownership Act, and the definition of "community land trusts" that was incorporated into Section 213 of the National Housing and Community Development Act of 1992.

The conversion of the former Gretsch music instrument factory garnered significant attention and controversy in the New York press primarily because it heralded the arrival in Williamsburg of Tribeca-style lofts and attracted, as residents and investors, a number of celebrities. Officials championing the rezoning cited its economic benefits, the new waterfront promenades, and its inclusionary housing component – which offered developers large tax breaks in exchange for promises to rent about a third of the new housing units at "affordable" rates. Critics countered that similar set-asides for affordable housing have gone unfulfilled in previous large-scale developments, such as Battery Park City. The New York Times reported this proved to be the case in Williamsburg as well, as developers largely decided to forgo incentives to build affordable housing in inland areas.

Social Planning Toronto is a non-profit community organization, based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada that works to improve equity, social justice and quality of life for residents through community capacity building, community education and advocacy, policy research and analysis, and social reporting. The organization has conducted research and advocacy concerning inclusionary zoning, equitable use of city recreational spaces, the Ontario Human Rights Code policy on discrimination based on creed, and responses to the City's budget process. The organization holds public forums for suggestions on what issues to prioritize. Social Planning Toronto released the first poverty profiles for all 44 wards of Toronto, on 7 June 2012, which it declared "Destitution Day" because that was the approximate date when a person on welfare would run out of money if living at the poverty threshold.

Currently, policies that facilitate production on the supply side include favorable land use policies such as inclusionary zoning, relaxation of environmental regulations, and the enforcement of affordable housing quotas in new developments. In some countries, such as Canada, municipal governments began to play a greater role in developing and implementing policies regarding form and density of municipal housing in residential districts, as early as the 1950s. At the municipal level recently promoted policy tools include relaxation of prohibitions against accessory dwelling units, and reduction of the amount of parking that must be built for a new structure. Affordable housing is a controversial reality of contemporary life, for gains in affordability often result from expanding land available for housing or increasing the density of housing units in a given area.

Upzoning (rezoning for more housing) may not generate immediate housing production and can worsen affordability: a study by Yonah Freemark published in Urban Affairs Review in 2019 found rezoning for denser development near transit stations in Chicago led to a speculative increase in property values and no additional development after a period of five years. In follow-up commentary, Freemark said that the results had been misinterpreted as proof that upzoning will always raise housing prices. He said the study could describe the effects of upzoning, not the effects of new construction enabled by upzoning, and that affordability requirements (inclusionary zoning) could be included with upzoning. Freemark also said the findings of his study, which only looked at Chicago, were not necessarily generalizable to other regions and concluded that his study neither proved nor disproved that increases in housing density improve affordability.

Any additional affordability requirements would be satisfied by on-site units or in-lieu fees under the City's Inclusionary Housing Ordinance. If the property is actually sold to the developer, the profits will be shared with the Guideville tribe and Upstream, the company that was to build the casino project voted down by the city. Plans by other developers not chosen by the council included 670 to 2,200 apartments by Orton Development, while a joint proposal by Cal-Coast Companies and Mar Ventures proposed similar housing options, in addition to a 150-room hotel and converting the former naval quarters at the village of Winehaven food hall/brewery, similar to the San Francisco Ferry Building or Emeryville Public Market. Lastly, Samuelson Schafer proposed a mix of housing including apartments, condominiums, row houses, a retirement community, beach and retail.

Although schools are such a relatively large institution in society, it has been noted that this environment has received little recognition in comparison to institutions of health (Collins and Coleman, 2008). Collins and Coleman also note the centrality of schools in everyday life as they are “found in almost every urban and suburban neighbourhood” and most children experience a considerable time within this environment in their day-to-day lives. The role of this environment in a child's life is pivotal to their development, especially in respects to the inclusionary and exclusionary processes of society experienced firsthand in schools (MacCrae, Maguire and Milbourne, 2002). The manifestation of social exclusion as bullying is an inter-personal socio-spatial aspect whose implications have been extensively researched both within school boundaries and how it is enabled by technology (Olweus and Limber, 2010; Black, Washington, Trent, Harner and Pollock, 2009).

Ali Jawdat served as Military Governor for Aleppo and Homs, during the short-lived tenure of the first Arab Kingdom of Syria, under King Faisal, and thereafter served in turn as Governor of Hilla, Nejef, Kerbela, Mosul, Diyala, and Basra and variously as Minister of Finance,Historical Dictionary of Iraq - Beth K. Dougherty Minister of the Interior, Foreign Minister and Iraqi Ambassador to France and Washington, where he established the first Iraqi embassy in the US. He served three times as Prime Minister (1934, 1949 and 1957), successively under King Faisal the First, King Ghazi the First and King Faisal the Second. He was the president of the Chamber of Deputies from March 1935 to August 1935. The name “Jawdat” was given to him by his teachers and colleagues, and it means “quality” in Arabic. An ardent Arab nationalist, he espoused an inclusionary, non-sectarian vision of Iraq, encompassing its various ethnicities, sects and tribes.

The illusion of inclusion enables white feminists to retain white feminist racism in the feminist movement under the pretense of diversity. While there have been new rights and protections acquired for GLBTQ individuals in the United States, the model of inclusion and homonormativity has usually privileged well-to-do, white, homosexual men. Closer examination needs to be given as to how these progressive practices (e.g., practices in schools) serve to benefit some GLBTQ individuals, while serving to detriment other GLBTQ individuals, usually along the intersecting lines of race, gender, sexuality, and class. In particular, how power relations inform the concepts of GLBTQ “inclusion.” Critical examination of inclusion and GLBTQ curricular resources has shown that GLBTQ inclusionary practices are actually limited and exclusionary; additionally, it has shown that these practices are essentially re-inventions of the existing power structures of oppression, and are parts of a greater project of homonationalism, which results in homonormative subjects being changed into ideal members of the country.

Resources are seen as excessively misdirected towards an almost-exclusively medical focus when those same resources could potentially be used towards things like universal design and societal inclusionary practices. This includes the monetary and societal costs and benefits of various interventions, be they medical, surgical, social or occupational, from prosthetics, drug-based and other "cures", and medical tests such as genetic screening or preimplantation genetic diagnosis. According to disability rights advocates, the medical model of disability is used to justify large investment in these procedures, technologies and research, when adaptation of the disabled person's environment could potentially be more beneficial to the society at large, as well as financially cheaper and physically more attainable. Also, some disability rights groups see the medical model of disability as a civil rights issue and criticise charitable organizations or medical initiatives that use it in their portrayal of disabled people, because it promotes a pitiable, essentially negative, largely disempowered image of people with disabilities rather than casting disability as a political, social and environmental problem (see also the political slogan "Piss On Pity").

The second variable is whether the rule of Western powers was inclusionary and reformist. Goodwin creates a figure that clearly shows the steps and outcomes of every possibility thus providing a generalization to the events in Southeast Asia. Conclusion The state-centered perspective is the strongest and most efficient tool when analyzing revolutions. States are ultimately an important factor that in all the cases determines the fate of the revolutionary movement and it also explains why revolutionary movements have different outcomes in different situations. According to Goodwin, “states powerfully determine the precise ways in which a range of other factors may contribute to both the mobilization and impact of revolutionary movements. He goes on to argue that, “a state- centered approach, in sum, is important not just or even mainly because of the importance of state breakdowns or political opportunities for seizures of power by preexisting movements, but also because the very formation and strength of revolutionary movements vis-a-vis other political challengers are strongly shaped by the ways in which political authorities rule and respond to challengers” (Goodwin 2001:133).

Bill 107 transferred, to Metrolinx from the City of Toronto, the responsibility for designing and developing rapid transit within the city. Bill 108 amended 13 acts, including the Endangered Species Act by inserting new abilities for the Ministry of the Environment to delay listing species on the endangered list and provide exemptions from the protections under the act for listed species, the Environmental Assessment Act by allowing for exemptions to routine class environmental assessments, the Ontario Heritage Act by creating a formal process for property owners to appeal a heritage designation, the Development Charges Act and Planning Act regarding what and how certain services may be charged development cost charges, community benefits charges and municipal parkland acquisitions, allow for inclusionary zoning and create lower timelines for local governments to decide on rezoning and subdivision applications, and the Local Planning Appeal Tribunal Act by amending the practices and procedures of the tribunal. Few bills were adopted during the fall 2019 sitting but they amended, created or repealed numerous acts. Bill 136 repealed the Ontario Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act and replaced it with the Provincial Animal Welfare Services Act.