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"hetman" Definitions
  1. a Cossack leader
"hetman" Synonyms
commanding officer captain commander commandant general sirdar commander in chief old man chief superior chief officer

1000 Sentences With "hetman"

How to use hetman in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "hetman" and check conjugation/comparative form for "hetman". Mastering all the usages of "hetman" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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The frigate Hetman Sahaydachniy, the pride of Ukraine's navy, takes the first potshots.
In the wardroom of Hetman Sahaydachniy, a Ukrainian officer gestures to a silver plaque which documents the ship's eight captains since 1993.
No matter how great the nostalgia among certain OB supporters was for their former hetman, I considered him to be yesterday's news.
His mother, Debbie Hetman, threw out the ceremonial first pitch, and Skaggs' teammates all wore jerseys with his name and number stitched across the back.
Historically, eastern Europe has been the main staging ground of modern anti-Semitism and genocide, not just during the Holocaust but in events such as the revolt of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, a Cossack hetman (military commander) in the 17th century, and the pogroms of the Black Hundreds, a Tsarist militia in the 19th century.
Polish Field Hetman was subordinates of Grand Hetman and when on the same battlefield commanded the mercenaries and artillery. During peace they usually were deployed on the eastern and southern borders of the Commonwealth, and commanded all local forces against constant skirmishes and small invasions of the Ottoman Empire and its vassals. Field Hetman were also called Frontier Hetman, since they did the same job as commanders of frontier garrisons before the title of hetman was introduced. Lithuanian Field Hetman initially was called Court Hetman and commanded the guard of the Grand Duke, while Land Hetman commanded militia.
Historical map of Cossack Hetmanate and territory of Zaporozhian Cossacks under rule of Russian Empire (1751). Hetman of Zaporizhian Cossacks is a historical term that has multiple meanings. Officially the post was known as Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host (, Hetman Viyska Zaporozkoho).Mytsyk, Yu. Hetman (ГЕТЬМАН).
From the end of 16th century there were two hetmans in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and two hetmans in the Crown: a Field Hetman and a Great Hetman (sometimes translated as Grand Hetman). As a result, there were in total four hetman titles: Great Crown Hetman, Field Crown Hetman, Great Lithuanian Hetman and Field Lithuanian Hetman. During joint military operations of the Crown and Grand Duchy of Lithuania armies, the Grand Crown Hetman usually was considered superior to others hetmans and served as commander-in-chief if the war actions ran along the borders of the Grand Duchy and vice versa. Grand Hetmans were usually in command of the professional and mobilised army and during peace stayed at the capital involving themselves in politics, guarding the interests of the army and planning campaigns.
The position of Hetman of Zaporizhian Host was revived and the Myrhorod Colonel Danylo Apostol was elected the hetman soon after his release from a custody at the Peter and Paul Fortress in 1725. Since 1733 some "plenipotentiary representatives" were acting as a hetman which led to suspension of the Hetman elections until 1750 and introduction of the Provisional Administration of Hetman Government headed by the Appointed Hetman, General Quartermaster Yakiv Lyzohub. In reality all administration was in hands of the Commander-in-chief of the Russian Armed Forces in Little Russia, or in Hetmanate.
Hetman Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki Hetman Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki Field Hetman Andrzej Potocki Hetman Feliks Kazimierz Potocki Stanisław Kostka Potocki Alfred Potocki Jan Potocki The Potocki family () was a prominent Polish noble family in the Kingdom of Poland and magnates of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Potocki family is one of the wealthiest and most powerful aristocratic families in Poland.
This symbol was attributed only to a hetman. When a hetman was riding a horse, hetman's sign was carried by a horseman behind him. This sign was to emphasize the dominating role of hetman as a commander-in-chief of an army and to manifest the features of an ideal hetman. It fulfilled the important utilitarian role at a battlefield.
The army of the Commonwealth was commanded by king, under whom served four hetmans: two Grand Hetmans (the Grand Crown Hetman and Grand Lithuanian Hetman) and two Field Hetmans (the Field Crown Hetman and Field Lithuanian Hetman). The office of a hetman appeared in the late 15th century as a consequence of the introduction of the wojsko zaciężne, and a need for a more professional army commanders than the king could usually provide. By the 1530s the hetman system has evolved into that of regular offices that would exist both in Poland and Lithuania for the next three centuries. From 1581 it became officially a lifelong appointment.
The acting hetman was appointed by the hetman himself or elected by the Council of Officers (starshyna).Acting Hetman at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine More than often the office was appointed by the Hetman as his deputy rather than elected by the General Military Council or the Cossack Council. His appointment could have been temporary and quickly abrupt and was caused by a necessity to command a group of forces at other portions of military front or tactical direction, similarly to the "field hetman" of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Usually acting hetman was chosen out of the General Officer Staff and more than often it was a General Quartermaster, a leader of the staff.
Acting hetman performed duties of the hetman when the later was absent during military campaigns, foreign travels, or his incapacitation. As well as a temporary replacement if the hetman's office became vacant, because of death, abdication, or deposition. Sometimes the appointed hetman acted as a full- pledged hetman as Filon Dzhalaliy when he was elected in 1651 and 1655 as well as Ivan Bohun when he was elected after the Battle of Berestechko (Bohdan Khmelnytsky was taken as a prisoner) or as in case of Pavlo Polubotok when he acted as hetman due to the death of such. On a territory of the left-bank Ukraine the office often was a counteractive to the righteously elected hetman.
The Hetman army counterattacked with their reserve forces and with an armored train, but one of the Directorate's armored trains landed an artillery shot on the Hetman train, forcing it to withdraw. The Hetman counterattack failed, and by 3:00 PM in the afternoon the Directorate forces held the field.
The Ukrainian folk hero, Ivan Stepanovich Mazeppa was a Hetman who died on 1709 in Varniţa, Bessarabia, and was buried in Galați. Hetman Mazeppa was buried in a brick tomb.
Later this difference disappeared and they were renamed Field and Great Hetmans accordingly. Contrary to Polish practice Lithuanian Field Hetman had full control on army under his command and wasn't subordinated to the Great Hetman. For a short period there was also an office of Royal Court Hetman, but it never gained much influence.
In 1669 the Poles set up a rival hetman, Mykhailo Khanenko, and invaded the right bank. Turning to meet the invasion, Doroshenko placed Demian Mnohohrishny as acting hetman of the left bank.
Hetmans had the right to carry out summary justice in the field. Grand Crown Hetman had the right to maintain his representatives in the Ottoman Empire, which allowed him to influence Poland–Ottoman relations and also laid groundwork for the first Polish intelligence services. Hetman deputy was known as regimentarz and could replace a hetman on a temporary basis.
Ivan Mazepa's Hetman's Banner symbolized the highest Cossack power in Ukraine. The banner was meant for the Ukrainian Hetman, Ivan Samoylovych in the Kremlin in Moscow in the years 1686-1688. After removing him from power, the banner was granted to Hetman Ivan Mazepa. After the Battle of Poltava in 1709, the banner was passed to Hetman Ivan Skoropadsky.
Mikołaj "the Red" Radziwiłł, Grand Lithuanian Hetman, who at the time was in Lukoml, quickly organized cavalrymen without waiting for infantry or artillery. His men included Field Hetman Hrehory Chodkiewicz and many future military leaders: his 16-year-old son and future grand hetman Krzysztof Mikołaj "the Thunderbolt" Radziwiłł, future field hetman Roman Sanguszko, future Livonian hetman Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz, and others. The details of the battle vary based on source. There are at least 15 contemporary sources, including three official reports written within days after the battle and four artistic works glorifying the winners, but they all provide different and often conflicting details and statistics.
Hetman Khanenko Mykhailo Stepanovych Khanenko (, ) (ca. 1620 – 1680) was a Ukrainian Cossack military leader, and nominal hetman of Right-bank Ukraine from 1669-74 in rivalry with Petro Doroshenko during The Ruin (Ukrainian history).
Hetman is the name of a fast train system in Poland.
Signature of Pylyp Orlyk, 1710. Written: Filipp Orlіk Hetman vojska zaporoskoho rukoju vlasnoju (Philipp Orlik Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host with own hand) After the Battle of Poltava in 1709, he escaped together with Hetman Ivan Mazepa and king Charles XII of Sweden to Bender in the Principality of Moldavia, where Mazepa soon died. Pylyp Orlyk was then chosen as a Hetman in exile by the cossacks and the Swedish king Charles XII. While in Bender Orlyk wrote one of the first state constitutions in Europe.
After 1709, the Battle of Poltava, hetman nomination was to be confirmed by the tsar. Hetman presided until he either died or was forced out by the General Cossack Council. The office of hetman had complete power over the administration, the judiciary, the finances, and the army. His cabinet functioned simultaneously as both the general staff and as the cabinet of ministers.
Along with Yakym Somko he secured Left-bank Ukraine and handed it over to Aleksei Trubetskoi. When The Ruin broke out, the hetman of Left-bank Ukraine office was vacant, he had ambitions for the hetmancy, which made him resentful of acting hetman Somko. In order to decide on a new hetman a Chorna rada took place on 17–18 June 1663 near Nizhyn, where a cossack council consisting of the Cossack starshyna, and a large number of common cossacks elected a new hetman for Left-bank Ukraine. The officers proposed him and Somko as candidates, but the majority and including the Tsar supported Ivan Briukhovetsky and elected him the new hetman.
All legislative and executive powers were transferred to the hetman who also was recognized as the Commander-in-Chief of the National Armed Forces. The mentioned edicts provided the Council of Ministers with the legislative and executive functions, members of which were appointed by the hetman and solely responsible to him. All decrees and orders of the hetman had to be countersigned by an otaman-minister (prime-minister) or another appropriate minister, while the hetman was to ratify all decision of the council. Civil rights were to be guaranteed within the limits of the law.
Bohdan Zinoviy Khmelnytsky At the end of the sixteenth century, the commanders of the Zaporizhian Cossacks were titled or Hetman; Christof Kosynsky was the first Zaporizhian hetman. In 1572, a hetman was a commander of the Registered Cossack Army () of the Rzeczpospolita, too. From 1648, the start of Bohdan Khmelnytsky's uprising, a hetman was the head of the whole Ukrainian State — . Although they were elected, Ukrainian hetmans had very broad powers and acted as heads of the Cossack state, their supreme military commanders, and top legislators (by issuing administrative decrees).
Wisner (2000), pp. 157–158 On 17 June 1654 Janusz was elevated from the Field Hetman position to the Grand Hetman of Lithuania.Wisner (2000), p. 162 Despite the nominations, relations between him and the king have been worsening.
In response, Chernik launched an immediate attack against the Hetman forces, hoping to punch through their defenses and take Vasylkiv. His detachment of 300 men attacked the left, right, and center of the Hetman force early on the morning of 18 November. The Hetman army counterattacked, pinning down the Directorate army's left flank. The Directorate forces held, but sustained several dozen casualties, including Chernik.
A Hetman was a military and civil leader, democratically elected by the Cossacks.
Ranok Publishing House. Soroka, Yu. Hetmanless period and the last Hetman of Ukraine.
He goes to war again. The new Hetman wishes to make peace with the Poles, which Taras is strongly against, warning that the Poles are treacherous and will not honour their words. Failing to convince the Hetman, Taras takes his regiment away to continue the assault independently. As Taras predicted, once the new Hetman agrees to a truce, the Poles betray him and kill a number of Cossacks.
Hetman uses two trains to cross almost the whole length of southern and western Poland. It runs on the Zamość - Gorzów Wielkopolski route, via Stalowa Wola, Tarnobrzeg, Rzeszów, Kraków, Katowice, Gliwice, Wrocław, Poznań, and Krzyż Wielkopolski.Route of the Hetman train between Rzeszów and Gorzów Wielkopolski It takes 17 hours to cross that distance. According to the 2009 PKP schedule, Hetman consists of two trains, which meet at the Dębica junction.
Hetman Ivan Mazepa in 1695 forbade the Vydubytskyi Monastery's neighbors to "do injustice to the monastery" and placed it under the guard of Starodub Regiment Col. Mykhailo Myklashevskyi, who established the Baroque-style Church of St. George and new Transfiguration Refectory. Hetman Danylo Apostol subsidised construction of the monastery's bell tower. In the 18th century the help of Hetman Kyrylo Rozumovsky's ensured the new properties for the Vydubychi.
Danylo Apostol (; ; ) (1654-1734), was a Hetman of Zaporizhian Host from 1727 to 1734.
Danylo Apostol lost his eye during the capture of Persian Derbent fortress, this will give him a nickname "blind Hetman". In the 1723-1725 Cossack starshyna, Danylo Apostol was accused of being involved in the alleged mutiny plot of Hetman Pavlo Polubotok and was suspected in treason by Catherine I. In 1727, Apostol was elected to be Hetman of the left-bank Ukraine. During his rule Little Russia and Cossack nobility increased their wealth and estates at the same time as it was further incorporated into the Russian Empire. Danylo Apostol died in 1734, and the new Hetman was not elected until 1750.
Noticeable is the fact that the Little Russia Prikase was created about a week later after the official confirmation of Hetman Pavlo Teteria in Chyhyryn after he was elected the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host earlier in October 1662. The prikase sanctioned an alternative elections of hetman which led to election of the Kosh Otaman Ivan Briukhovetsky as another Hetman of Zaporizhian Host in Nizhyn in June 1663 (see Chorna rada of 1663). The creation of dual hetmanship conditionally divided Ukraine along the Dnieper which later in 1667 saw its virtual and legal realization at the Treaty of Andrusovo.
Owner of Biržai, he was Field Hetman of Lithuania from 1615, Castellan of Vilnius from 1633, Voivode of Vilnius Voivodeship from 1633,. Great Lithuanian Hetman from 1635,. starost of Mahilyow, Bystrzyca, Žiežmariai and Seje. In 1632 he served as Marshal of the Sejm.
During the battle Berestetskiœ 1651 he was elected hetman of the Cossacks clerks. He was appointed captain general of the Hetman. After 1654 there was a long time with his family in Selishche Sagunovka (Ukraine, Cherkasy region). After 1684 his fate is unknown.
Ivan Petrizhitsky-Kulaga, also Petrazhytsky-Kaluha () (ca. 1570–1632) was a Cossack hetman in the years 1631–32. Seen as a supporter of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth, he was stripped of his hetman position in an internal Cossack conflict and executed in 1632.
On April 8, 1764 Radziwiłł married Teresa Karolina Rzewuska, the daughter of Hetman Wacław Rzewuski.
Later, he made himself ennobled as a claimant to the descent from hetman Ostap Gogol.
Vadym Hetman was posthumously conferred the title of Hero of Ukraine by President Yushchenko on July 11, 2005. On July 12, 2005, a memorial plate was established in his honour on House № 13, where Hetman lived and was assassinated. In 2005, The Kyiv National Economic University was renamed in honour of Vadym Hetman, which he attended in the 1950s. On April 19, 2006, the Industrial Street in Kyiv was renamed in his honour.
On 15 November 1918 advance forces of the Directorate's army began to move towards Kiev from the southwest. To counter this action, a force of 700 Hetman soldiers moved to intercept the Directorate forces near the town of Vasylkiv. The Hetman forces deployed themselves near a train station at Motovilivka. Intelligence of the Hetman deployment at Motovilivka made its way to forward elements of the Sich Riflemen under the command of Captain Fyodor Chernik.
Prince Aleksander Ostrogski ( ) (c. 1571–1603) was a Ruthenian (Ukrainian) nobleman of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Son of voivode of Troki and Hetman Prince Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski and Zofia Tarnowska h. Leliwa, the daughter of voivode of Ruthenia and Kraków Hetman Jan Amor Tarnowski h.
He approached the hetman of Ukraine but was told that his claims were hopeless, the hetman said to Mirovich: "make your own career young man. Seize fortune by the forelock as others have done." Mirovich would remember these words for the rest of his life.
He was accused of supporting the unpopular Uniate sect (see Union of Brest). His opponents, supported by bishop Isaia Kopynsky, elected a new hetman. Petrizhitsky-Kulaga himself was executed in Kiev later that year by other Cossacks and succeeded as hetman by Andrii Didenko.
Mantigirdaitis is also mentioned as Hetman in a surviving copy of a donation document by Grand Duke Alexander that Vytas Jankauskas dated March 1494. If the date is correct, this would indicate that the Hetman position developed during the First Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1492–94).
Having already lost Grand Hetman Chodkiewicz during the battle, the Commonwealth soon lost another of its most notable military figures of the early 17th century in Hetman of Registered Cossacks Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny, who couldn't recover from battle injuries and died several months later.
He was granted the privilege of adding "von" to his name. After the war, he won three tournaments in Lwów in 1925 (the Lviv City Championship, the Hetman Chess Club, the Lviv Chess Club). Then he participated in team matches Hetman vs. Lviv CC.
261 he is also listed as a hetman by the chronicler Macarie, but, Eșanu writes, this office had not yet been introduced at the Moldavian court.Eșanu, p. 140 Similarly, Pahomi notes that the title of hetman is "wrongly applied" to Arbore, who never held it.Pahomi, p.
During the period of the Ukrainian State, the Germans feared that Wilhelm would create a coup and overthrow the Hetman. The Hetman was disliked by soldiers of the Zaporizhia Corps and Legion of Sich Riflemen. In circles of the Zaporizhia Division officers a plan was formed to overthrew now the Hetman and place Archduke Wilhelm Habsburg a sovereign of Ukraine. Among the most active supporters of the idea was Colonel Petro Bolbochan (later executed on order of Symon Petlura).
Ivan Vyhovsky (Ukrainian: Іван Виговський, Polish: Iwan Wyhowski / Jan Wyhowski) (date of birth unknown, died 1664) was a hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks during three years (1657–59) of the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667). He was the successor to the famous hetman and rebel leader Bohdan Khmelnytsky (see Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks). His time as hetman was characterized by his generally pro-Polish policies, which led to his defeat by pro-Russian faction among the Cossacks.
Feliks Kazimierz "Szczęsny" Potocki (1630-1702) was a Polish noble, magnate and military leader. He was the son of Hetman and magnate Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki and Zofia Kalinowska, and brother of Hetman Andrzej Potocki. He married the daughter of Hetman and Marshal of the Crown Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, Princess Krystyna Lubomirska, in 1661. Shortly before his death he married again, in 1700, his second wife being Konstancja Roża Łos. Piława coat of arms He was Podstoli of the Crown from 1663, voivode of Sieradz Voivodship from 1669,Mulryne, James Ronald; Watanabe-O'Kelly, Helen and Shewring, Margaret (editors) (2004) Europa triumphans: court and civic festivals in early modern Europe, Volume 1 Modern Humanities Research Association, Aldershot, Hampshire, England, page 459, Kijów Voivodship from 1682, Kraków Voivodship from 1683, Field Crown Hetman from 1692, castellan of Kraków and Great Crown Hetman from 1702.
There were incidents when acting hetman was chosen among colonels (a regional leaders) such as Yakym Somko.
Known for his ruthlessness towards the Russian peoples, he was nicknamed Pan Hetman, literally meaning Mr General.
The Battle of Wisniowiec (also known as the Battle of Lopuszno) took place on 28 April 1512. The combined Polish–Lithuanian forces under Grand Crown Hetman Mikołaj Kamieniecki and Grand Lithuanian Hetman Konstanty Ostrogski defeated the raid of the Crimean Tatars. The battle was fought in Lopushne near Wisniowiec.
Monument dedicated to Ukrainian hetman Pylyp Orlyk. In 2011 a monument dedicated to Pylyp Orlyk was erected in Kristianstad, Sweden on a building Ukrainian hetman lived in 1716–1719 years to celebrate tercentenary of Pylyp Orlyk's constitution. The authors of the monument are Boris Krylov and Oles Sydoruk.
At the half—time winter break, Hetman leads in the Podlaska group of the new (old "5th") 4th or IV "Liga" Division. In the last game, Hetman defeated the previous leader, Piast also from Bialystok, 0:1 after a goal in the 39th minute scored by Lukasz Szarejko.
The first widely recognized hetman of Zaporizhia was Dmytro Vyshnevetsky, however later several Polish starostas were added to the Hetman registry such as Lyantskoronsky and Dashkevych who also led their own cossack formations. According to Mykola Hrushevsky they were not really considered as hetman, at least by their contemporaries. Among other such starostas were Karpo Maslo from Cherkasy, Yatsko Bilous (Pereyaslav), Andrushko (Bratslav), and many others. Even Princes Konstanty Ostrogski and Bohdan Hlinski were conducting Cossack raids on Tatar uluses (districts).
The St. Michael's Golden-Domed Cathedral in Kiev, built with funds from Hetman Ivan Mazepa A 1720 map by Johann Baptist Homann: Ukraine, or Cossack Land The period of the Ruin effectively ended when Ivan Mazepa was elected hetman, serving from 1687 to 1708. He brought stability to the Hetmanate, which was again united under a single hetman. The Hetmanate flourished under his rule, particularly in literature and architecture. The architectural style that developed during his reign was called the Cossack Baroque style.
The hetman repeatedly asked the sultan to take him as his subject, but the Ottomans never explicitly acknowledged him as such. The sultan did say that "if the hetman remains faithful", and ‘ahdname, will be granted, meaning that the sultan would guarantee peace and protection. However, by 1653, it became clear to Khmelnytsky that no ‘ahdname would be granted. Khmelnytsky would show his letters from the sultan to the Muscovite tsar to blackmail him into accepting the hetman into his suzerainty.
It informed the soldiers where the hetman was and assured them of his constant presence at the battlefield.
Conditions of the office were expressed in articles (or statutes; ) which were concluded with every newly elected Hetman.
QR 1002 Mazeppa is a populated place in Union County, Pennsylvania, named in honor of Hetman Ivan Mazepa.
After the death of Danylo Apostol in 1734, Lyzohub was placed as an Appointed Hetman in the Governing Council of the Hetman Office which was controlled by Russian residents in Ukraine Prince Alexei Shakhovskiy at first and later - Prince Ivan Baryatinskiy, Alexander Rumyantsev and others. Lyzohub at that time commanded corps of Ukrainian Cossacks, performed functions as hetman and participated in number of military campaigns along with the Russian field marshal Burkhard Christoph von Münnich (War of the Polish Succession and raid of Crimean Khanate in 1736-37). After couple of "palace coup d'etat", Lyzohub vouched for reinstating the institute of Hetman of Ukrainian Cossacks. Lyzohub had three brothers Andriy and Semen.
The Hetmanate coincided with a period of cultural flowering in Ukraine, particularly during the reign of hetman Ivan Mazepa.
Sergei Lep'yavko. Severin Nalyvayko // Holders hetman mace: Historical Portraits / Author preface V. A. Smoliy. \- KA: Sentinel, 1994. \- 560 pp .
Alexander left for Vilnius after putting Stanisław Kiszka, Great Hetman of Lithuania, and Glinski in charge of the defense.
Doroshenko is a Ukrainian family of the Cossack Hetmanate. Two of its members were the Hetman of Ukrainian Cossacks.
In the fall of 1667 an Ottoman-Cossack force invaded Galicia and compelled the king to grant extensive autonomy to Doroshenko. He accepted a loose Ottoman overlordship, invaded the left bank, removed the rival hetman and in 1668 declared himself hetman of a united Ukraine. Crimea backed a rival hetman and the Poles backed Mykhailo Khanenko, with whom they invaded the right bank. Turning to meet the invaders, he placed Demian Mnohohrishny in control of the left bank, which quickly came under Russian control.
Hylyanytsky's stubborn defence of Konotop was instrumental in defeating the invaders when Ivan Vyhovsky in alliance with Crimean Tatars and Poles routed the Muscovite army at Konotop on June 29, 1659. However, with the downfall of Vyhovsky that followed, Hulyanytsky was removed from his office by the new hetman. In 1659, Hulyanytsky allied himself with another hetman, Yurii Khmelnytsky. An ardent opponent of Moscow, Hulyanytsky was of one several Cossacks, who on behalf of the hetman negotiated the conditions of the new Chudniv Treaty with the Poles .
Krzysztof Andrzej Hetman (born 27 June 1974) is a Polish politician who has served as a Member of the European Parliament since 2014. Born in Lublin, Hetman graduated from Maria Curie-Skłodowska University and soon after worked for Lublin Voivodeship as a Deputy Director from 2002 to 2005 and as a Director of Regional Development from 2005 to 2007. In 2010, he was named Marshal of Lublin Voivodeship. Hetman first ran for political office in 2006 when he ran for Lublin city council, but did not win.
The arrival of 40,000 Ukrainian Cossack forces under their hetman Petro Konashevych was helpful in that anti-Ottoman victory. The Commonwealth hetman held the sultan at bay for a whole month, until the first snow of autumn compelled Osman to withdraw his diminished forces. But the victory was also dearly purchased by Poland: a few days before the siege was raised, the aged grand hetman died of exhaustion in the fortress on September 24, 1621. The Commonwealth forces held under the command of Stanisław Lubomirski.
On the Directorate's right flank, a force of 50 Sich Riflemen took cover in a wooded area from which they repelled several attacks by a large force of several hundred Hetman soldiers. In addition, both sides utilized armored trains during the battle to provide fire support for their respective forces. By midday the Hetman army's attack had begun to weaken, and Directorate reinforcements began to arrive on the field. Soon the Directorate left was able to outflank the Hetman right flank, sending the army into a retreat.
Count Jan Klemens Branicki (also known as Jan Kazimierz Branicki; 21 September 1689 – 9 October 1771) was a Polish nobleman, magnate and Hetman, Field Crown Hetman of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth between 1735 and 1752, and Great Crown Hetman between 1752 and 1771. One of the wealthiest Polish magnates in the 18th century, owner of 12 towns, 257 villages and 17 palaces. He was the last male representative of the Branicki family. He was a recipient of the Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece.
Bohdan Khmelnytsky was solemnly elected the Hetman. During the ceremony the Kosh otaman passed down to the new hetman the banner, the standard, and the military drums - the Cossack Kleinody (see Zaporizhian Cossacks). It was decided that only eight thousand Cossacks would go out of the Sich while the rest would stay put as reserves. During the preparations to the Sich arrived the envoy of the Crown Hetman Mikołaj Potocki, rotmistrz Chmielecki, who offered Khmelnytsky and Cossacks the chance to leave Zaporizhia and disperse.
The Uman Regiment () was one of the seventeen territorial-administrative subdivisions of the Hetman State. But after the division of the Hetman State the regiment became part of the Right-bank Ukraine. The Regiment consisted of 10 sotnias. The regiment's capital was the city of Uman, now in Cherkasy Oblast of central Ukraine.
Surrounding the center of the cross, a gilded circle is set with a decorative pattern. A white enamel insert inside the circle bears the inscription "Order of Hetman Mazepa". On top of this insert, a rounded shield is attached with the coat-of-arms of Hetman Mazepa—gold on a red enamel background.
Pavlo Petrovych Skoropadskyi (; ; ; – 26 April 1945) was a Ukrainianby Omeljan Pritsak Lviv, 1938 aristocrat, military and state leader, decorated Imperial Russian Army and Ukrainian Army general of Cossack heritage. Skoropadsky became a conservative leader in Ukraine following the Russian Revolution of 1917, a founder of a hetman dynasty and Hetman of Ukraine.
Nikolai Gogol's grandmother was Tatiana Lizohub, the daughter of the Chernigov landlord Semyon Semyonovich Lizohub. Tatyana Lizohub was a great-granddaughter of Hetman Pyotr Doroshenko and a granddaughter of Hetman Ivan Skoropadsky. She secretly married her teacher Afanasiy Yanovsky. A connection to the Lizohub family allowed Afanasy Yanovsky to pursue military career.
Coming from the Little Russian noble family of Troshchinsky. His great-grandfather – the gadyatsky colonel Stepan Troshchinsky – was the nephew of hetman Ivan Mazepa. Dmitry's father, Prokofy Troshchinsky, was a Bunchuk comrade in the Hetman country. At the end of the course at the Kiev Academy, Dmitry Troshchinsky joined the Little Russian Collegium.
Dmytro Ivanovych Vyshnevetsky (; ; ) was a Hetman of the Zaporozhian Cossacks. He was also known as Baida in Ukrainian folk songs.
The Directorate forces suffered 17 killed and several dozen wounded in the battle, while the Hetman forces sustained 700 casualties.
Marko Zhmaylo-Kulchytsky (; Polish: Marek Żmajło - Date of birth and death unknown), hetman Cossack and leader of the Zhmaylo Uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1625. According to one source Zhmaylo came from the Ruthenian village of Kul'chytsi, in Sambir, Lviv region. In September 1625 Zhmaylo fought against 8,000 men of the Polish army near Lake Kurukove (modern-day Kremenchuk), but had to surrender to the forces of Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski after an unsuccessful battle against him. By the end of that year, he was deprived of his title as hetman of the Cossacks for opposing to the negotiations with the Poles, and therefore replaced by Hetman Mykhailo Doroshenko who signed the Treaty of Kurukove with the Poles on 5 November 1625.
Vasyl Zolotarenko () (? in Korsun – September 28, 1663), was a Ukrainian Cossack colonel of the Nizhyn Regiment (1655–1656, 1659–1663). He was the younger brother of Ivan Zolotarenko, and his sister Hanna Zolotarenko married hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky. He opposed hetman Ivan Vyhovsky's Treaty of Hadiach and he led a mutiny that deposed him in 1659.
Stanisław Ferdynant Rzewuski (1737-1786) was a Polish noble (szlachcic). Knight of the Order of the White Eagle, awarded on 1760. Son of Marshal, and Hetman Wacław Rzewuski and Princess Anna Lubomirska. He married the daughter of Hetman and Court Marshals Michał Kazimierz "Rybeńko" Radziwiłł, Katarzyna Karolina Radziwiłł on 13 June 1758 in Nieśwież.
After the split of Ukraine along the Dnieper River by the 1667 Polish–Russian Treaty of Andrusovo, Ukrainian Cossacks (and Cossack hetmans) became known as Left-bank Cossacks (of the Cossack Hetmanate) and Right-bank Cossacks. In the Russian Empire, the office of Cossack Hetman was abolished by Catherine II of Russia in 1764. The last Hetman of the Zaporozhian Army (the formal title of the hetman of Ukraine) was Kyrylo Rozumovsky, who reigned from 1751 until 1764. The title was revived in Ukraine during the revolution of 1917 to 1920.
Ukraine, 1740-50 The state supreme power belonged to the General Cossack (Military) Council, while the office of head of state was presided by the Hetman. There also was an important advising body Council of Officers (Starshyna). The hetman was initially chosen by the General Council, consisting of all cossacks, townspeople, clergy and even peasants. By the end of the 17th century, however, its role became more ceremonial as the hetman came to be chosen by the Council of Officers and the Hetmanate itself was turning into an authoritarian state.
The Hetman Mazepa medallion The Hetman Mazepa Award was first made on March 20, 2003 in recognition of civilian involvement in the economic and political independence of Ukraine and the preservation of Ukrainian history, patriotism and cultural traditions.Order Hetman Mazepa The medallion is made from a silver composite and has the basic shape of a Maltese cross. It is set on a square nickel-plated platform with concave sides; the corners of these are shaped like rays, spreading in different directions. The sides of the cross are red enamel.
Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski (1666-1726) was a Polish nobleman, aristocrat and military leader. He was the son of Hetman Mikołaj Hieronim Sieniawski and Cecylia Maria Radziwiłł, daughter of Court and Grand Marshal Prince Aleksander Ludwik Radziwiłł. He married Elżbieta Lubomirska, daughter of Court and Grand Marshal Prince Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski, in 1687. Sieniawski was voivode (governor) of Bełz Voivodeship from 1692 to 1710, Field Crown Hetman since 1702, Great Crown Hetman since 1706, Castellan of Kraków since 1710 as well as starost of Lviv, Rohatyn, Lubaczów, Stryj and Piaseczno.
During the Great Northern War Sweden and Hetman Ivan Mazepa formed an alliance in 1708 against Peter I of Russia. But after the defeat at Poltava on 28 June 1709, parts of the Swedish army under king Charles XII and Hetman Ivan Mazepa together with his loyal cossacks had to flee to Bender in Ottoman Turkey where Mazepa soon died. Pylyp Orlyk was then chosen as a Hetman in exile by the cossacks and the Swedish king Charles XII. While in Bender Pylyp Orlyk wrote one of the first state constitutions in Europe.
The Battle of Wojnicz was fought on October 3, 1655 between forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth commanded by Field Crown Hetman Stanisław Lanckoroński and Great Crown Hetman Stanisław Rewera Potocki on one side, and on the other Swedish forces commanded by Charles X Gustav. The battle ended in Swedish victory. In the early stages of the Siege of Krakow, Polish royal units of Hetman Lanckoronski decided to abandon the city, as the situation of the defenders was hopeless. Together with king Jan Kazimierz, the Poles headed eastwards, to Tarnów.
Between 1657 and 1658 he helped Hetman Vyhovsky to suppress the pro-Russian uprising of Iakiv Barabash and Martyn Pushkar, a bloody fratricidal conflict, resulting in some 50,000 deaths. Hetman Pavlo Teteria promoted Doroshenko to the rank of his chief (general) yesaul in 1663. Doroshenko became the leader of the Cossack starshyna (senior officers) and elements within the ecclesiastical authorities who opposed 1654 Treaty of Pereyaslav. Supported by Crimean Tatars and Ottoman Turkey in 1665, Doroshenko crushed the pro-Russian Cossack bands and eventually became Hetman of Ukraine (Right-bank Ukraine).
A separate window is dedicated to the author of the famous Cossack Chronicle - Samiylo Wielyczko. A separate hall is dedicated to the theme of love between Motri Kochubey and Hetman Ivan Mazepa, in which the letters of Hetman Mazepa to Motrona occupy a central place. The decoration of the hall is the icon of the Mother of God, donated in 1707 by Hetman Ivan Mazepa to the church of the city of Zhovkva in the Lviv region. The works of artists dedicated to the history of Great Love are presented.
After the battle, Michał Franciszek Sapieha the main leader of the Sapieha faction, as well as many other members of the family and its supporters, were murdered by a drunken mob of szlachta. Ogiński was a supporter and close associate of King Augustus II. He was made the Field Hetman of Lithuania on 20 November 1703 and in 1709 the Great Hetman of Lithuania. He was made a Knight of the Order of the White Eagle in 1705. His father was Jan Jacek Ogiński (died 1684), also a Hetman.
Mikołaj Sieniawski (1520–1584) was a Polish magnate, military commander, Field Hetman of the Crown in 1562–64 and 1575–76.
After the death of hetman Bohdan Khmelnitsky, the authorities passed into the hands of hetman Ivan Vyhovsky. The period of civil wars (1657-1658) began between supporters of the Moscow and Polish courses, the so- called " The Ruin". The population is once again beginning to move to more calm areas that were under the authority of the Moscow tsars.
In 2008, Hetman Sahaydachniy took part in "Operation Active Endeavour" in the Mediterranean Sea. In February 2013, it was announced that she would be taking part in NATO's "Operation Ocean Shield", an anti-piracy campaign off the Horn of Africa. Hetman Sahaydachniy joined the Naval Force of the European Union (EUNAVFOR) in early January 2014 for anti-piracy operations.
Petrizhitsky-Kulaga was born around 1570 into a notable Cossack family. Little is known from his earlier years. He participated in the battle of Chocim (Khotyn) in 1621 and, later, in large scale Cossack expeditions against the Ottomans in 1628 and 1630. Petrizhitsky-Kulaga succeeded the hetman Tymofii Orendarenko after the Cossack hetman election in 1631.
The Chyhyryn Regiment () was one of the seventeen territorial-administrative subdivisions of the Hetman State. The regiment's capital was the city of Chyhyryn, now in the Cherkasy Oblast of central Ukraine. The military units of the regiment were also known as the Hetman's Guard serving as personal guards of the Hetman of Ukraine in 1648–1676.
Pylyp Stepanovych Orlyk (, ) (born on October 11, 1672 in Kosuta, Ashmyany county, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (today in Vileyka Raion, Belarus), died on May 26, 1742 in Jassy, Principality of Moldavia (today Iaşi, Romania) was a Zaporozhian Cossack starshyna, Hetman of Ukraine in exile, diplomat, secretary and close associate of Hetman Ivan Mazepa. Founder of the first Constitution in Europe.
Cossack raid on Istanbul in 1620 - campaign of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, headed by hetman Yakov Wart-Neroda, to the capital Ottoman empire.
Petro Doroshenko (, , ; 1627–1698) was a Cossack political and military leader, Hetman of Right-bank Ukraine (1665–1672) and a Russian voyevoda.
Hetman of Ukraine () is a former historic government office and political institution of Ukraine that is equivalent to a head of state.
On 30 May 1645, the forces of Grand Crown Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski attacked Ivankiv, which at that time belonged to Olizar Wołczkiewicz.
XXIII/3, issue 98, p. 561.. She married firstly, Hetman Jan Krzysztof Tarnowski and secondly, castellan and voivode Jan Kostka in 1569.
Marszałek sejmu was recreated as well. Traditionally the highest military rank equivalent to modern marszałek(Field marshal) was hetman before partitions of Poland.
In recognition of his defense of Smolensk, Kiszka was promoted to Great Hetman in 1503. Ivan III succeeded in capturing Smolensk in 1514.
269 The Zaporizhian Hetman was then dispatched to Istanbul, and impaled on hooks.de Recoles, p. 125; Diaconescu, p. 178; Iorga (1898), p. 204.
Kelmė, another town owned by the Ogiński family, was ravaged and burnt down by the Swedes in their pursue of the Lithuanian hetman.
Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki was lavishly rewarded: the king made him the Grand Hetman and commander-in-chief of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
After having captured and devastated the region of Podolia in the course of the Polish–Turkish War of 1672–1676, the Ottoman government strove to spread its rule over all of the Right-bank Ukraine with the support of its vassal (since 1669), Hetman Petro Doroshenko. The latter’s pro-Turkish policy caused discontent among many Ukrainian Cossacks, which would elect Ivan Samoilovich (Hetman of the Left-bank Ukraine) as a sole Hetman of all Ukraine in 1674. Despite this, Doroshenko continued to keep Chyhyryn. He cleverly maneuvered between Moscow and Warsaw and used the support of the Turkish-Tatar army.
Polubotok family coat of arms. Pavlo Polubotok was born around 1660 in Borzna (according to another version, at his family's khutor-farm Polubotivka, today part of Shramkivka) into a rich Cossack family and as a young man served under his relative Hetman Ivan Samoylovych. In 1706 he became polkovnyk (colonel) of Chernihiv regiment and during the Great Northern War remained loyal to the Russians and fought against Ivan Mazepa. Pavel Polubotok was seen by many as a possible replacement for the disgraced Hetman, but the Russian Tsar Peter the Great distrusted Polubotok and supported Ivan Skoropadsky, who became the next Hetman.
In 2015, a phantom club FC Hetman Khemlnytskyi took part in 2015 Ukrainian Amateur Cup.Instead of a Round of 32 return Cup game, there was a friendly (Замість матчу відповіді 1/16 фіналу Кубка, товариська гра). Podillya Khemlnytskyi fan webportal. 21 August 2015How the organizers of the Khmelnytskyi team "Hetman" have led fans to yell "Shame". DYuSSh-1. 19 August 2015"Hetman" will play for Khmelnytskyi («Гетьман» гратиме за Хмельницький). Eksklyuzyv. 18 August 2015Hetman – Rukh: the festival which is wanted to be forgotten or shame of the Podilian football («Гетьман» – «Рух»: свято, яке хочеться забути, або ганьба подільському футболу). Sportlider+.
Yuri Khmelnytsky (, , ) (1641–1685), younger son of the famous Ukrainian Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky and brother of Tymofiy Khmelnytsky, was a Zaporozhian Cossack political and military leader. Although he spent half of his adult life as a monk, he also was Hetman of Ukraine on several occasions — in 1659-1660 and 1678–1681 and starost of Hadiach. For background see The Ruin (Ukrainian history).
After the defeat, Khmelnytsky entered an alliance with the Crimean Khanate, but this resulted in little beyond massive looting and raiding of Ukrainian towns and villages by the Tatars. Thereupon, Yuri gave up his hetman title and became a monk at the Mharsky Monastery in the autumn of 1662. Between 1664 and 1667, the hetman Pavlo Teteria imprisoned him in Lviv.
Jerzy Jazłowiecki (1510–1575) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic) and magnate. Great Crown Hetman 1569–1575, Field Crown Hetman in 1569. Jerzy was voivode of the Podole Voivodeship since 1567, of the Ruthenian Voivodeship since 1569, and castellan of Kamieniec Podolski since 1564 as well. Surname is derived from its feudal possession - city Yazlovets (now village in Buchach Raion, Ternopil region, Ukraine).
He made several speeches at burial ceremonies of outstanding personalities like King Sigismund III Vasa, his wife Konstancja, Krzysztof Zbaraski, Piotr Skarga, Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, and Hetman Jan Zamoyski. From 1611 until 1634 he served as preacher on the court of King Wladyslaw IV of Poland, and in 1622 as "Camp preacher" (kaznodzieja obozowy) during wars with Turkey, Muscovy and Walachia.
They reach the Cossack camp at the Zaporozhian Sich, where there is much merrymaking. Taras attempts to rouse the Cossacks to go into battle. He rallies them to replace the existing Hetman when the Hetman is reluctant to break the peace treaty. They soon have the opportunity to fight the Poles, who rule all Ukraine west of the Dnieper River.
The most representative of the "Hetman branch" was Field and Grand Crown Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski one of the greatest commanders of the 17th century. Stanislaw begun in 1643 the present-day construction of the Presidential Palace in Warsaw. He also ordered the reconstructing and strengthening of the Bar castle. Stanisław was owner of numerous latifundia situated in Poland's eastern borderlands.
In 1738 he became the Court Chorąży of the Crown. From 1750 he would again approach the pro-French faction, especially as one of his mentors and allies, hetman Branicki, would be allied with it. With the help of hetman Branicki he would become the voivode of Wołyń in 1757. He received the Order of the White Eagle in the same year.
The climate of the Hetman area is Humid continental climate, warm summer (Köppen climate classification (Dfb)). This climate is characterized by large swings in temperature, both diurnally and seasonally, with mild summers and cold, snowy winters. Hetman is in the East European forest steppe ecoregion, a band of patchy forests and grasslands that stretches from the middle of Ukraine to the Ural Mountains.
He gained much fame as one of the last knights and a hero who reached Bilhorod in 1516 and Ochakov in 1528. And although never awarded the title of hetman, he is sometimes treated as the first hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks. He died in Kraków in 1531. He is one of the characters on the famous painting by Jan Matejko, Prussian Homage.
Bendery Constitution. This copy in Latin was probably penned by Hetman Pylyp Orlyk. The original is kept in the National Archives of Sweden. The Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk or Pacts and Constitutions of Rights and Freedoms of the Zaporizhian Host was a 1710 constitutional document written by Hetman Pylyp Orlyk, a Cossack of Ukraine, then within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Cossack raids to Istanbul (1624) were campaigns of Zaporozhian Cossacks, headed by hetman Mykhailo Doroshenko, to Istanbul, then the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
Cronin, p. 153; Robb, p. 226; Korwin- Piotrowska (1938), p. 21. Hańska's great-grandfather, Wacław Rzewuski, was a famous writer and Grand Crown Hetman.
Ludwik Konstanty Pociej () (1664-1730) was a Polish nobleman, podkomorzy of Brest, podskarbi, castelan and voivode of Vilnius, Great and Field Hetman of Lithuania.
On 9 February 2018, Sobieszyk signed a contract with Motor Lublin. On 18 June 2019, he joined newly promoted III liga side Hetman Zamość.
She was born in 1533. She married Chancellor, Marshal and Hetman Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Black" Radziwiłł on 12 February 1548. Szydłowiecka died in 1562.
Another Polish commander, hetman Paweł Jan Sapieha, would be later blamed for not coming to the aid of Gosiewski due to personal friction between them.
Prince Michał Józef Masalski () (c. 1700-1768) was a Polish-Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic). He was Grand Clerk of Lithuania from 1726, voivode of Mscislaw Voivodeship from 1737, castellan of Trakai from 1742, castellan of Vilnius and Field Hetman of Lithuania from 1744, and Great Lithuanian Hetman from 1762. He was Marshal of the Convocation Sejm from 27 April to 23 May 1733 in Warsaw.
Cossack Hetman and Ukrainian national hero Bohdan Khmelnytsky twice battled Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth forces at Hermanivka in 1651. A few years later, in 1658, the Hadiach Treaty between the Cossacks and Poles was declared in Hermanivka by Cossack Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky.Encyclopedia of Ukraine Famous Cossack leader Severyn Nalyvaiko twice visited Hermanivka in the 1590s. Two Cossack colonels - Prokop Vereschak and Stepan Sulima - are buried in Hermanivka.
After Uman fell (see Massacre of Uman), Zaliznyak declared the reinstatement of Hetman State of Right-bank Ukraine and himself the new right-bank Hetman. The Koliivshchyna movement overwhelmed the Poles, and they appealed to Russia for help. Fearing that the rebellion would ignite a war with Turkey, Catherine crushed the rebels (known as "haydamaky" – see Haidamaka). Zaliznyak and Gonta were captured by Russian colonel Guriev.
Chyhyryn (, ) is a city and historic site located in the Cherkasy Oblast of central Ukraine. From 1648 to 1669 the city was a Hetman residence. After a forced relocation of the Ruthenian Orthodox metropolitan see from Kyiv in 1658, it became a full-fledged capital of the Cossack Hetmanate. Chyhyryn also became a traditional place for the appointment to the office of Hetman of Zaporizhian Host.
He was a registered Cossack, belonging to the Chyhyryn Company (Chyhyryn Regiment). Early in his career he served as Bohdan Khmelnytsky's courier and diplomatic emissary. He was elected Kosh otaman (1661–3) of the Zaporizhian Sich. At the Chorna rada of 1663 he was elected Hetman of the Left Bank with the support of Moscow as an alternative to already elected Hetman Pavlo Teteria.
Brockhaus and Efron encyclopedic dictionary Razumovsky's apartments in the Summer Palace directly adjoined to Elizabeth's apartments, and he had constant access to her. Razumovsky was not interested in politics, but he quite often supported chancellor Bestuzhev. On his advice, the office of Ukrainian hetman was restored and his younger brother Kirill Razumovsky was made a hetman and president of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Cathedral of the St. Sophia, Kyiv. On 29 April 1918, a coup d'etat toppled the Ukrainian People's Republic and Skoropadsky became Hetman of Ukraine. The same day he was chrismated by bishop Nykodym in Saint Sophia Cathedral as the Hetman of Ukraine. The coup d'état had been sanctioned by the Imperial German Army, which in the spring of 1918 had occupied Kyiv and other parts of Ukraine.
The prikase consisted of four clerks (dyaks) and 15-40 assistants (podyachny). It controlled the Hetman and its officer council implementing a prikase-voivode system of the Russian administration in Ukraine. The prikase prevented any attempts that were undertaken to succeed Ukraine from Russia in its early stage. In 1722 it was transformed into the Collegium of Little Russia suspending next Hetman elections indefinitely.
The official name of the Cossack Hetmanate was Zaporizhian Host (, '). The historiographic term Hetmanate (, ', "Hetman state") was coined in the late 19th century,Hetman State at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine deriving from the word hetman, the title of the general of the Zaporizhian Army. Zaporizhian Host means an "army of the Zaporizhia", where the Zaporizhia (meaning "beyond the rapids" in Ukrainian) is a historical and geographic region in Southern Ukraine centered at the Zaporizhian SichThe Zaporizhia at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine as well as a general name of Ukrainian Cossacks as a political and military organization. Inhabitants of the Cossack Hetmanate referred to the place in Ukrainian as "Ukraine" or "Vkraine".
There he named himself a Hetman of Cossacks and started a revolt against Polish rule in Ukraine and the rule of local Ruthenian nobility and magnates in the lands of Kiev and Bratslav. What started as a private act of revenge soon turned into a full-scale civil war between local Ruthenian nobility and the Cossacks. By 1592 a large part of the society of Ukraine supported the revolt and it spread to Volhynia. However, the conflict was seen by Polish hetman and chancellor Jan Zamoyski as yet another struggle for power in Ukraine and the Polish forces of hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski did not enter the war.
With the Sultan's support Hetman Khmelnytsky then attempted to subjugate Moldavia by demanding a marriage of his son Tymofiy to Ruxandra, daughter of Vasile Lupu, the Moldavian ruler connected to the Radziwiłł family. After Vasile's refusal the Hetman sent to Moldavia a strong Cossack-Tatar army. This force was confronted in May 1652 by Hetman Kalinowski and his over ten thousand men Crown army. At the disastrous for the Poles Battle of Batoh most of them, including Kalinowski, were killed. Battle of Berestechko 1651, relief at Saint-Germain-des-Prés (abbey) in Paris The marriage did take place, but the Moldavian boyars conspired against the Hospodar.
Under the command of Grand Lithuanian Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, he took part in the effort to relieve and supply the besieged Polish forces in the Moscow Kremlin. During that time, he was entrusted by the Hetman with command of the right flank of the Polish forces. In 1612 Koniecpolski joined the wojsko kwarciane (regular Commonwealth army) in Ukraine under the command of Field Crown Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, who greatly influenced his career. In 1614 he was entrusted with destroying rebellious regular units led by Jan Karwacki, and on 17 May, with Stanisław Żółkiewski's son, Jan, he won the Battle of Rohatyn and captured Karwacki.
Sobieski makes camp at Hotin, with grand hetman, Pats, and field hetman Michael Kazimir Radzivill, who take up position on the heights connecting Hotin with Jvanyets. A huge battle takes place after a bitterly freezing night of rain, storm and darkness. The two sides are evenly matched until the weight of the battle is transferred to the centre. The grant hetman, assisted by the voevode of Rus, sends in his hussars and the Tartar janissaries—led by Hussein, the white-bearded Kiaya, "Lion of God"—are finally vanquished on the Polish lances, many of them dying in a rugged ravine at the opposite side of their camp.
In general, the activity of the Collegium of Little Russia started the actual process of elimination of the autonomy of the Cossack Hetmanate. The attempts of Appointed Hetman Pavlo Polubotok and number of senior officers to counteract the process led to their arrest and imprisonment in the fortress of Peter and Paul (Saint Petersburg). After the ascension of Peter II on the Russian throne the political course of the collegium was reviewed and suspended for sometime on September 12, 1727. The collegium was not fully liquidated, but rather was incorporated it into the Hetman administration as "plenipotentiary representatives of the Government for the Hetman".
The term hetman was a Polish borrowing of the German – captain),Oxford English Dictionary possibly influenced by the comparable Turkic title ataman (literally 'father of horsemen').
In Polish it is known as the hetman – the name of a major historical military-political office, while in Estonian it is called lipp ("flag", "standard").
In 2005 Orest was awarded the Hetman Award by the Ukrainian Canadian Congress – Alberta Provincial Council for his many years of work in the Ukrainian community.
At first he was a strong supporter of Tsardom of Russia, but initially withdrew his support because of disagreements, and lack of help on restoring Ukraine. But Russia started seeking aid with Somko's opponents, in particular with Ivan Briukhovetsky who supported Russian rule, they in turn started accusing Somko of secret negotiations with Khmelnytsky, and Pavlo Teteria, which caused to delay the final decision of the Cossack starshyna council at Kozelets in 1662 to recognize his tenure as hetman. In order to decide on a new hetman, a Chorna rada took place on June 17–18, 1663 near Nizhyn, where a cossack council consisting of the starshyna, and a large number of common cossacks elected a new hetman for left-bank Ukraine. The officers proposed him and colonel Vasyl Zolotarenko of the Nizhyn Regiment as candidates, but the majority and including the Tsar supported Briukhovetsky and elected him the new hetman.
Countess Zofia Tarnowska (1534–1570) was a Polish–Lithuanian noblewoman heiress. She was the daughter of Hetman Jan Amor Tarnowski h. Leliwa and Zofia Szydłowiecka h. Odrowąż.
A supreme court was to be created with the hetman retaining the authority to commute sentences. The name of the country was changed to the Ukrainian State ().
He went once more across the border to Poland in 2014 to play in the IV liga and III liga with Hetman Zolkiewka and Tomasovia Tomaszów Lubelski.
There, he was released by the Cossacks, which later made him Hetman (military leader). The work premiered at the Court Theatre in Weimar on April 16, 1854.
Trubetskoi, however, insisted on the presence of the hetman to sign the official treaty at Pereyaslav (see Pereyaslav Articles). Arriving there Khmelnytsky discovered that he was ambushed.
In 1677, he was sent to Warsaw as a second ambassador. In 1679, Ukraintsev met with Hetman Ivan Samoylovych to negotiate joint military action against the Turks.
Oleh Koshovyi (1926-1943) Soviet partisan 96\. Ostap Vyshnia (1889-1956) writer, humourist 97\. Dmytro Vyshnevetskyi (1516-1563) Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks 98\. Valentyn Yenevskyi 99\.
The first commander of the force was Jan Karnkowski, later appointed hetman. Due to this position his title was "hetman of the hired soldiers". Initially numbering 1200 infantry and 900 cavalry, the size fluctuated depending on funding and need, and by the beginning of the 1500s it numbered around 2000. The money for the soldiers came mostly from royal coffers while the nobility made only minor and occasional financial contributions.
However, Vynnychenko's was replaced as well by the Socialist-Revolutionary government of Vsevolod Holubovych. After the coup d'état of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky in collaboration with the German occupation forces in April 1918, Vynnychenko left Kiev. Later, after forming the Directorate of Ukraine, he took an active part in organizing a revolt against the Hetman. The revolt was successful and Vynnychenko returned to the capital on December 19, 1918.
In 1685 it was occupied by Samiylo Samus whom Ivan Mazepa appointed the appointed Hetman of Right-bank Ukraine when Poland allowed to restore cossacks' liberties. Since that time and until 1704 Bohuslav became a residence of the appointed Hetman. In 1704 Samus surrendered his authority to Mazepa. After withdrawal of the Russian armed forces in 1708 from Poland, Samus continued to self-govern unlawfully in the region.
The term ataman may had also a lingual interaction with Polish hetman and German hauptmann. The word is more probably of Turkic origin, literally meaning 'father of horsemen'. During certain periods, broadly corresponding with involvement with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the supreme leader of Ukrainian Cossacks was called the hetman. The ataman form is more commonly found in Russian periods, and exists in modern Russian, Turkish, and Tatar.
Built at the Zalyv Shipbuilding yard, the ship was intended to be used by the Soviet Border Troops as Kirov. However, on 4 July 1993, the newly named (after Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny) Hetman Sahaydachniy raised the flag of the Ukrainian Navy. She was given the identification number of U130. In 1994, Hetman Sahaydachniy set sail for France to take part in the 50th anniversary commemorations of the Allied invasion of Normandy.
"Poland, history of". In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. About ten thousand rebels proceeded from the Zaporizhian Sich towards the upper Dnieper territories, overrunning the Polish forces stationed there. The rebels captured and executed the Hetman of the registered Cossacks Hryhoriy Chorny for his pro- Polish stance and support of the Union of Brest, and subsequently came to an agreement on a new leadership by nominating Fedorovych for the position of Hetman.
As the Great Hetman, he was supposed to command Lithuanian troops in the Battle of Kletsk against the Crimean Khanate in August 1506 but was unable due to poor health. In summer 1507, Konstanty Ostrogski escaped from Russian service and was reinstated as the Great Hetman. To compensate, Kiszka was appointed as starosta of Hrodna in 1508. When the war with Moscow resumed in 1507, Kiszka organized the defense of Polotsk.
Racek Kobyla of Dvorce (also Dvojic, Dvojitz, or Dwoygicz; died 1416) was a Bohemian landowner, hetman of Wenceslas IV, and burgrave of Vyšehrad during the Late Middle Ages.
Pavlo Polubotok () (born around 1660, died on 29 December 1724), was a Ukrainian Cossack political and military leader and Acting Hetman of Left-bank Ukraine between 1722 and 1724.
The 3rd Lithuanian Vanguard Regiment () was a military unit of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The full name was 3rd Advance Guard Regiment Field Hetman of Lithuania Antoni Chlewinkiego.
Bezviconi I, p. 185 In 1701–1702, Cuza Sr and the Hetman tried to mediate a conflict between Prince Ducas and his Spatharios, Mihai Racoviță.Atanasiu, p. 73; Gorovei, p.
Andrzej Sobieszczyk (born 5 May 1993) is a Polish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Avia Świdnik. He formerly played for Puszcza Niepołomice, Motor Lublin, and Hetman Zamość.
Monument to Hetman Jabłonowski in Lwów (now Lviv) During the 1673 election, Jabłonowski, being fierce supporter of John Sobieski, greatly contributed to Sobieski's election as king. In 1676 Jabłonowski was nominated as the Field Hetman of the Polish forces and from then on became the protector the south- eastern provinces of the Kingdom of Poland, known as Kresy or Kresy Wschodnie (lit. Eastern Borderlands). In 1683 the Sejm (parliament) granted him the Hetman's baton.
Kostiantyn Ostrozkyi (prince, upper left), Kyrylo Rozumovskyi (hetman, upper right), Ivan Mazepa (hetman, lower left), Ivan Paskevich (serene prince, field marshal, lower right) Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of Turkey. Painted by Ilya Repin from 1880 to 1891. Two pikes on the left are wrapped in the traditional colors of Ukraine – blue/yellow and red/black. Ukraine has had a very turbulent history, a fact explained by its geographical position.
Danylo Skoropadsky Danylo Skoropadsky (; 13 February 1904, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Empire – 23 February 1957, London, Great Britain) was a famous Ukrainian politician and leader of the Ukrainian monarchist movement in 1948-1957 (now called the United Hetman Association). He was the son of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky. During the Hetmanate he studied at the First Gymnasium in Kiev in 1918. In 1919 Skoropadskyi (with the whole House of Skoropadskyi) had to flee from Ukraine.
Nonetheless, Polubotok's loyalty was rewarded when wealthy estates throughout Ukraine were given to him. In 1722, after the death of Skoropadsky, Pavlo Polubotok was named as his temporary replacement. As Hetman, Polubotok supported greater autonomy for Cossack Hetmante within the Russian Empire and defended the old privileges of the Cossack nobility. He wrote numerous petitions to Peter the Great asking him to re-instate the former way of electing the Hetman by the starshyna.
It was here that, for a whole month (2 September to 9 October), during the battle of Khotyn, the Commonwealth hetman held the sultan at bay, up until the first autumn snow. The deaths of his men compelled Osman to withdraw. However, the victory was to be dearly ransomed by Poland. A few days before the siege was raised, the aged grand hetman died of exhaustion in the fortress on September 24, 1621.
The first page of the Bendery Constitution. This copy is written in Latin and probably penned by Hetman Pylyp Orlyk. The original is kept in the National Archives of Sweden. The Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk ( (Konstytutsiya Pylypa Orlyka) or Pacts and Constitutions of Rights and Freedoms of the Zaporizhian Host (Pakty i Konstytutsii Prav i Volnostei Viyska Zaporozkoho), ) was a 1710 constitutional document written by Hetman Pylyp Orlyk, a Cossack of Ukraine.
For his victory near Ochakiv against the forces of Mehmet Girey he was awarded with the title of Grand Hetman of Lithuania. He was the first person to receive this title. However, during a war with Muscovy he was defeated in the Battle of Vedrosha (1500) and held captive for three years. In 1503 he managed to escape and joined king Sigismund I the Old, who allowed him to resume his post as a Hetman.
Jan Amor Tarnowski Exaltation of Cross Church The city was founded in 1540 by Polish commander and Hetman Jan Amor Tarnowski,Snitovsky, O. Five centuries of Ternopil. The city of Hetman Jan and mason Leontiy. Ukrinform. 28 August 2015 as a military stronghold and castle. On 15 April 1540, the King of Poland Sigismund I in Cracow handed Tarnowski a permission for the establishment of Tarnopol settlement, in the vicinity of Sopilcze (Sopilche).
The etymologies of the words ataman and hetman are disputed. There may be several independent Germanic and Turkic origins for seemingly cognate forms of the words, all referring to the same concept. The hetman form cognates with German Hauptmann ('captain', literally 'head-man') by the way of Czech or Polish, like several other titles. The Russian term ataman is probably connected to Old Russian vatamanŭ, and cognates with Turkic odoman (Ottoman Turks).
After this, it gradually lost its significance. It remained the center of the Chyhyryn regiment until 1712 and upon the final incorporation into the Russian Empire (1793) it became part of the Kyiv region. In 1917 a congress of Free Cossacks took place in Chyhyryn. At that congress by tradition Pavlo Skoropadsky was elected as the Hetman of the Cossacks (later in 1918 in Kyiv, he was elected the Hetman of Ukraine as well).
In Baturyn Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky signed the Baturyn Statutes in 1663, which further elaborated the treaty with the Tsardom of Russia which Khmelnytsky had initiated with the Treaty of Pereyaslav in 1654. The area prospered under the rule of Hetman Ivan Mazepa (1687–1708), increasing in size and population (with upwards of 20,000 residents). Baturyn boasted 40 churches and chapels, two monasteries and a college for government officials and diplomats (the Kantseliarsky Kurin).
Due to its more modest dimensions, the inside of the church consists of only 3 chambers: pronaos, naos and altar. The burial chamber seen in other Moldavian churches (gropnita) is merged with the pronaos. It contains the tombs of hetman Luca Arbore and his family. The inside painting also includes two votive paintings, depicting hetman Arbore and his family offering the church to God through the intercession of Saint John the Baptist.
There was trouble from the start. The Cossacks did not like a winter campaign. Shahin promised each man a sheepskin coat. Many Cossacks did not like the new Hetman, Hryhoriy Chorny.
Krzysztof Zimnoch (born 6 September 1983) is a Polish professional heavyweight boxer affiliated to the Hetman Białystok Boxing Club. He holds an amateur win over former WBC heavyweight champion Deontay Wilder.
The Pryluky Regiment was one of the seventeen territorial-administrative subdivisions of the Hetman State. The regiment's capital was the city of Pryluky, now in the Chernihiv Oblast, north-central Ukraine.
Lupu built a strong alliance with hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, arranging the marriage of his own daughter Ruxandra to Khmelnytsky's son Tymofiy (Tymish), who went on to fight alongside Lupu at Finta.
For that campaign, he was given that year the high office of the Field Lithuanian Hetman, the second commander-in-chief of the Lithuanian detachment of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth army.
In 1669–1673 Mazepa served under Petro Doroshenko (Hetman of Rightbank Ukraine from 1665 to 1672) as a squadron commander in the Hetman Guard, particularly during Doroshenko's 1672 campaign in Halychyna, and as a chancellor on diplomatic missions to Poland, Crimea, and Ottoman Empire. In 1674–1681 Mazepa served as a "courtier" of Doroshenko's rival Hetman Ivan Samoylovych after was taken hostage on the way to Crimea by the Kosh Otaman Ivan Sirko in 1674. In 1677–1678 Mazepa participated in the Chyhyryn campaigns during which Yuri Khmelnytsky, with the support from the Ottoman Empire, tried to regain power in Ukraine. The young educated Mazepa quickly rose through the Cossack ranks, and in 1682–1686 he served as an Aide- du-Camp General (Heneralny Osaul).
On or about January 1, 1657, Czarniecki with his division and the queen and her courtiers with her own wagon train in his wagon train came to Chojnice. Also army divisions of grand Crown hetman Stanisław Rewera Potocki and field crown hetman Stanisław Lanckoroński joined them at Chojnice about the same time. Polish cavalry companies settled in the surrounding countryside, occupying villages and being separated one from another by distance, need for fodder and food, and winter snows.
The commanders of Zaporozhian Host (the Kosh) often considered as hetmans in fact carried a title of Kosh Otaman. As from 1572, hetman was the unofficial title of commanders of the Registered Cossack Army (, , ) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. From the 1648 Bohdan Khmelnytsky uprising, Hetman was the title of the head of the Cossack state, the Cossack Hetmanate. Cossack hetmans had very broad powers and acted as supreme military commanders and executive leader (by issuing administrative decrees).
The Hetman also had the right to conduct foreign policy, although this right was increasingly limited by Moscow in the 18th century. Each of the regimental districts making up the Hetmanate was administered by a colonel who had dual roles as supreme military and civil authority on his territory. Initially elected by that regimental district's Cossacks, by the 18th century the colonels were appointed by the Hetman. After 1709, the colonels were frequently chosen by Moscow.
Yakym Somko (, ) (? in Pereiaslav - September 28, 1664), was a Ukrainian Cossack military leader of the Pereyaslav regiment and was the Acting Hetman of Left-bank Ukraine in 1660-1663, during The Ruin. He was first appointed captain of the Pereiaslav regiment in 1654, and became the acting colonel in 1658. At the Pereiaslav Council of 1660 that concluded the Treaty of Slobodyshche he was elected colonel of Pereiaslav regiment and Acting Hetman of Left-Bank Ukraine.
The tsar also supported Briukhovetsky's candidacy hoping to use him to increase Muscovite influence in the left-bank. The majority opted to elect Briukhovetsky who admired his proposed policies and elected him the new hetman. As disputes grew over the elections, the situation worsened for Somko and Zolotarenko and both sought protection from the Russian officials who were present as spectators. But the officers arrested them both and handed them over to the newly elected hetman.
Wiśniowiecki supported other candidates, such as George I Rákóczi and Karol Ferdynand Vasa (Jan Kazimierz's brother). Due to the opposition from Jeremi's detractors, he was not granted a hetman position, although after a full two days of debate on the subject he was granted a document that stated he had a "power equal to that of a hetman." Wiśniowiecki faction, arguing for increase in army size, was once again marginalized by the faction that hoped for a peaceful resolution.
She was laid down on 3 October 1913 as Admiral Nakhimov after Pavel Nakhimov and launched on 6 November 1915. Construction was abandoned in 1917 during the October Revolution when the ship was about 80% complete.Breyer, p. 117 In the second half of 1918, the Marine Department of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi restarted construction of the ship. On 25 January 1919, the ship was formally renamed "Hetman Bogdan Khmelnitsky", but Nikolayev was captured shortly afterward by the Entente.
A large amount of work was performed in 2008 and for the first time in its history the Palace obtained its original state. The palace was opened on August 22, 2009. The descendant Gregor Rozumovskyi was invited with his family on the ceremony of the grand opening and he presented the priceless heirloom – a broadsword of Hetman Kyrylo Rozumovskyi. The imposing Hetman palace in all its beauty can compete with the most distinguished palaces of the world.
Hetman Sahaydachniy with Turkish frigates In 1995, Hetman Sahaydachniy visited Abu Dhabi during the "Idex-95" exhibitions. The frigate was scheduled to visit Norfolk, Virginia in the United States with Kostiantyn Olshansky. Olshansky visited but for unknown reasons the Sahaydachniy did not. The vessel has also visited ports in Algeria, Bulgaria, Egypt, Georgia, Gibraltar, Israel, Portugal, Russia and Turkey. Between November 2006 and November 2007, she underwent major repairs in Mykolaiv at a cost of 15 million hryvnia.
He and his brothers followed Hetman Pylyp Orlyk to Sweden in 1716, where they stayed until 1720. Hryhory was appointed General Osaul by Hetman Pylyp Orlyk and as such sent from Stockholm to Poland in 1720, although in Warsaw he was arrested then handed over to the Russians. He was then imprisoned in Saint Petersburg until 1728, when he was allowed to move to Moscow where his wife and children lived.Alfred Jensen: Mazepa, p.190–192.
Grzegorz Antoni Ogiński Grzegorz Antoni Ogiński (born 23 June 1654; died 17 October 1709 in Lublin) was a Polish-Lithuanian Hetman and governor-general of the Duchy of Samogitia from 1698. He was the fourth and youngest son of Jan Jacek Ogiński, also a hetman. Ogiński was one of the leaders of the uprising against the Sapieha Lithuanian magnates. He was successful in the Lithuanian Civil War which culminated in the Battle of Olkieniki on 18 November 1700.
Sometimes acting hetmans were appointed by foreign leaders such as Ivan Bezpaly was appointed acting hetman by the Muscovite voivode of Belgorod. Among such hetmans were Yakiv Somko, Ivan Bezpaly and others.
The Polish-Lithuanian government sent a special commission headed by Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, but two attempts to negotiate a truce failed. In September 1625 Koniecpolski gathered an army to quell the unrest.
After defeating Doroshenko in Podhajce, John III Sobieski was promoted to commander-in-chief of the Polish-Lithuanian army and Grand Crown Hetman, the highest military rank in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The protagonists are the historical figures Ivan Stepanovych Mazeppa (c. 1640–1709), the Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks, and Vasyl Leontiyovych Kochubey (c.1640–1708), a very prosperous Ukrainian nobleman and statesman.
The son of Jan Amor Młodszy, Jan Amor Tarnowski, became Great Crown Hetman, voivode of Kraków and castellan of Kraków. In 1540 he built a castle and founded the city of Tarnopol (1548).
Szymon Marcin Kossakowski (; 1741 in Šilai, Jonava – 1794) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic), and one of the leaders of the Targowica Confederation. In 1793, he became the last Great Hetman of Lithuania.
In 1656, Kozelets was granted the Magdeburg rights. The Kozelets Cossack Rada elected Yakym Somko as the Hetman of the Cossacks in 1662. After the Tatar invasion of 1669, Kozelets was partially destroyed.
The Truce of Zamość was signed on November 20, 1648 during the siege of Zamość between the King of Poland John II Casimir of Poland and the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
Patryk Słotwiński (born 27 April 1994) is a Polish footballer who plays as a defender for Tomasovia Tomaszów Lubelski. He has previously played for Stal Mielec, Wisła Puławy, Motor Lublin, and Hetman Zamość.
In 1561, Grand Hetman Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł, Chodkiewicz, and his brother Hieronim led the Lithuanian army into Livonia where they achieved victory against the Tsardom of Russia. After this campaign, Chodkiewicz was promoted to Field Hetman of Lithuania. On 20 January 1564 the Lithuanians under his command killed Russian commander Shuisky and defeated the Russian army in the Battle of Ula, which significantly improved Lithuania's standing in the war. He was hailed as war hero and promoted to castellan of Vilnius.
French military evacuated the city, April 1919 In April 1918, he took part in the conservative coup d'etat led by Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky which earned him the rank of colonel. In the summer of that year, he revolted against the Hetman State and created his own insurgent army. He joined another revolt in November that year which was organized by the Dyrektoria. During the Russian Civil War in December Grigoriev participated in the military campaign against the Russian forces of the South.
He only managed to take Mazyr when his relative opened the gates.Petrauskas (2009), p. 465 Near Orsha, he joined with Muscovite forces but was defeated by Konstanty Ostrogski, Grand Hetman of Lithuania.Jurginis (1985), p.
The Sultan is slowly gathering his army and Michael writes to the hetman to grant a pardon to all robbers if they join the infantry. Sobieski commands him to defend Kamenyets to the last.
The seal of Hetman Havrylo Krutnevych attached to 1603 Universal. Between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, the Universals were issued by the Cossack leadership, such as Hetmans, other members of Starshyna (Cossack nobility) and Polkovnyks.
The Church of St. Catherine (, ) is a Roman Catholic church in Vilnius' Old Town. It was founded by the Hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Voivode of Vilnius Jan Karol Chodkiewicz in 1618.
Vadym Petrovych Hetman was born in the village of Orzhytsia, located in Poltava Oblast (at the time, the Ukrainian SSR), in 1935. In 1956, he finished the Kyiv Financial-Economic Institute, after which he worked in various financial institutions in Zaporizhia Oblast. In 1975, Vadym Hetman was named the first vice-president to the Head of the Government Committee of Pricing of the Ukrainian SSR. In 1987, he became the head of the Agricultural-Industrial Bank of the Ukrainian SSR (since 1990 — Bank "Ukraine").
The new treaty was similar in form to the Treaty of Hadiach of 1658 but with far worse conditions for Ukraine. Signing of this treaty by the hetman provoked a new round of civil war. With the downfall and removal from office of Yurii Khmelnytsky, Hulyanytsky served with another hetman, Pavlo Teteria (1663–1665). As the hetman's envoy to Warsaw, Hulyanytsky persuaded the Polish King, Jan Kazimierz, to march on Ukraine together with Teteria in 1663–1664, which further inflamed the civil war without yielding any results.
A small Polish–Lithuanian force of about 5,000 under Great Lithuanian Hetman Janusz Radziwiłł stopped the Russian force under knyaz Yakov Cherkassky at Shklow and camped at Hołowczyn. He learned that a Russian force under knyaz Aleksey Trubetskoy crossed Drut River near Ciecierzyn on 23 August. Radziwiłl was joined by the Field Lithuanian Hetman Wincenty Korwin Gosiewski with 3,000 strong forces, increasing the Polish–Lithuanian army to about 6,000–8,000. Radziwiłł and Gosiewski then tried to stop a numerically superior Russian force of 15,000 near Shepelevichy (Szepielewicze).
In 1918 she organized a people's theater "Ukrainian troupe under direction of M. Zankovetska", where she played such actors as Borys Romanytsky, Andriy Rotmyrov and others. Several plays were set among which were "Natalka Poltavka", "Hetman Doroshenko", "Aza the Gypsy". Recognizing her stage merits, in June 1918 the Hetman of Ukraine Pavlo Skoropadsky approved the adoption by the Council of Ministers of a resolution on the appointment of a lifetime state pension for Zankovetska. In 1922 Ukraine triumphantly celebrated the 40th anniversary of Zankovetska's career.
Shumsky defended the course to unfold the struggle against Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi, and later the Direktoria, rapprochement with Bolsheviks, establishing in Ukraine Soviet in its form, but nationalist in its composition state. During 1918 he headed Volhynian Governorate Land Committee, member of the UPSR gubernatorial committee, member of underground revolutionary committee that was preparing anti-Hetman uprising in Zhytomyr. In the beginning of 1919 after his speech at the Labor Congress of Ukraine, Shumsky was arrested again, sentenced to death, but escaped out of escort.
Laid down on 18 October 1913 at the Rossud Dockyard as Admiral Lazarev for the Imperial Russian Navy as a cruiser of the , she was launched on 8 June 1916. Construction was abandoned in 1917 during the October Revolution when the ship was 63% complete. In the second half of 1918, the Marine Department of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi was engaged in completion of ship. On 25 January 1919, the ship was formally renamed in "Hetman Petro Doroshenko", but Mykolaiv was captured shortly afterward by the Entente.
Józef Potocki (; 1673–1751) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic), magnate, Great Hetman of the Crown. Józef was considered as the richest magnate in Poland at that time. He was Voivode of Kijów Voivodship from 1702 to 1744, Regimentarz generalny of the Crown Army since 1733, Great Crown Hetman since 1735, voivod of Poznań Voivodship since 1743, castellan of Kraków since 1748 and starost of Halicz, Warsaw, Leżajsk, Kołomyja, Czerwonogród, Śniatyn and Bolemów. In 1703 he suppressed a peasant revolt led by Semen Paliy in Ukraine.
Charles XII and Mazepa at the Dnieper River After the Battle of Poltava, when Charles XII of Sweden's and Hetman Ivan Mazepa's armies were defeated by Peter I of Russia, Pylyp Orlyk remained with Mazepa. Together, Orlyk, Mazepa, and their Cossack forces retreated to the city of Bendery, in Bessarabia (now Moldova, then part of the Ottoman Empire). The Zaporizhian Cossack Army also settled in this area. When Mazepa died on 5 April 1710, Pylyp Orlyk was elected as the Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host.
The Hetman palace of Kyrylo Rozumovskyi is the main adornment and the central feature of Baturyn (Chernigiv region, Ukraine). K. Rozumovskyi decided to transfer the capital of the Hetmanate (Ukrainian Cossack State) from Glukhiv to Baturyn town soon after being elected the hetman of Ukraine. Baturyn was re-established as capital and Rozumovskyi rebuilt the town and ushered in a brief renaissance. He established the manufacturing of carpets, broadcloth, silk, candles, bricks, and cocklestove tiles, and a stud-farm, a parish school, and a hospital.
Hetman also planned to set up a university there. But his intention to gain more autonomy for Ukraine caused the imperial wrath and he was removed from his post of Ukraine's hetman in 1764. Only in 1794 he returned to Baturyn and decided to establish a grandiose palace and a park ensemble. For that purpose he invited the Scottish architect Charles Cameron, whose architectural designs were much appreciated by the Russian Empress Catherine II. Cameron was the chief architect of palaces in Tsarskoye Selo, Pavlovsk and others.
About ten thousand rebels proceeded from the Zaporizhian Sich towards the upper Dnieper territories overrunning the Polish forces stationed there. The rebels captured and executed the Hetman of the registered Cossacks Hryhoriy Chorny for his pro-Polish stance and support of the Union of Brest. The rebels came to an agreement on their new leadership by nominating Fedorovych for the position of Hetman. Fedorovych addressed the Ukrainian commoners with several Universal acts and called upon everyone to join his uprising against the Polish usurpers.
On the request of Polish Jacobins, he was sentenced by the summary revolutionary court to hanging, together with some of the leaders of the Targowica Confederation: Józef Kossakowski, hetman Piotr Ożarowski and hetman Józef Zabiełło. He was executed on 9 May 1794 in Warsaw, in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising, a part of the Kościuszko Uprising. His last actions earned him further recognition, as he gave the executioner a golden box, to commemorate the moment of the execution, and put the rope on his neck himself.
Oleksandra Petrivna Skoropadska (née: Durnovo; 23 May 1878 – 29 December 1952) was a spouse of Ukrainian political leader Pavlo Skoropadskyi, a founder of a hetman dynasty and Hetman of Ukraine (1918). 11 January 1898, she married Pavlo SkoropadskyiKulyova, V. General's daughter. Khreshchatyk. 8 November 2002 From 1923, she worked at the Ukrainian Red Cross Assistance, which was also called the Ukrainian Refugee Assistance and was headed by her. The main purpose of the organization was to assist the refugees who kept arriving in GermanyLilly, The Hetman's Daughter.
On August 29, 2020, he joined the III liga side Stal Stalowa Wola. He has signed a four-year contract. Khorolskyi made his debut on August 30 against Korona Kielce II, playing the full 90 minutes as Stal won 2–0.Match report Stal Stalowa Wola 2–0 Korona II Kielce In his second match for "Stalówka", against Hetman Zamość (1–1), he received a red card (as a consequence of two yellow cards) for causing a penalty for Hetman and arguing with the referee.
He gained military experience in the fight against the rebellious Cossacks during the Severyn Nalyvaiko's uprising under Field Crown Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski. During that conflict he participated in the battle of Kaniów on 14 April 1596, and in the siege of the Cossack tabor near Lubny. In 1599, he was appointed the Elder (starost) of Samogitia. Chodkiewicz subsequently assisted Chancellor and Great Crown Hetman Jan Zamoyski in his victorious Wallachian campaign, in which Chodkiewicz participated in the battle of Ploiești on 15 October 1600.
The Battle of Sellnitz was fought on 23 September 1438 between the Imperial Saxons and the Hussites. The Saxons were led by Frederick II of Saxony. On his journey to Saxony from Bohemia was accompanied by czech noble Jakoubek of Vřesovice, the former hussite leader (hetman) of the Union of Žatec and Louny, now hetman of the region Litoměřice and Žatec. During their journey they clashed with the hussite army of the Union of Žatec and Louny led by several nobles strengthened by 300 Polish cavalrymen.
Franz (2006), p. 197 The new Cossack uprising was to be quelled by hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, however his declining health made the king offer the bulawa to hetman Mikołaj Potocki instead. On 3 July 1637 Pavlyuk arrived at Kaniów, where he tried to convince the remaining leaders of the Registered Cossacks to betray their loyalty to the king of Poland and fight with him for an autonomous Cossack state between Kiev and Bila Tserkva. However, the Cossack leaders remained sceptical and most remained loyal to the Commonwealth.
Doroshenko authored a two volume Survey of Ukrainian History, a Survey of Ukrainian Historiography, biographies of several major figures of the Ukrainian national awakening of the nineteenth century, a book on German depictions of Ukraine throughout the centuries, works on the revolutionary period and the Hetman state of 1918, a major work on his relative, the seventeenth century Cossack Hetman, Petro Doroshenko, booklets on church history, and two volumes of memoirs which treated the period from 1900 to 1919. His personal bibliography lists almost 1000 titles.
Kotelva was first mentioned in writing in 1582 when Hetman Skalozub told it about the attack of the Crimean state units. In 1638, inhabitants of the town first attacked against the Polish authorities in the army of Hetman Pivtorakozhuka. For ten years, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, Kotelva inhabitants participated in battles under the leadership of Bohdan Khmelnytsky. In the second half of the 17th century and in the first half of the 18th century Kotelva was a fortress protecting against attacks of Crimean and Nogai troops.
Mytsyik also recalls the letter of the Field Hetman of the Crown John III Sobieski (later king of Poland) which referred to Sirko as "a very quiet, noble, polite [man], and has ... great trust among Cossacks".
Gane, pp. 350, 371; Stoicescu, pp. 135, 364 At the time, the Cantacuzino legacy in Moldavia was also represented by the writer and Hetman Ion Neculce, Andronikos' great-grandson through his mother, Catrina "Muta" Cantacuzino.Ilieș, pp.
Kazimierz Pac (died 1696) was a Polish nobleman and bishop of Smoleńsk since 1664 and Samogitia since 3 October 1667, canon of Wilno since 1657. Son of Piotr Pac and brother of Hetman Michał Kazimierz Pac.
In the second Rada of Pereyaslav he voluntarily stepped down as Hetman to make place for Yuri Khmelnytsky who reached his majority age. Bezpalyi was elected as military judge. He became a monk in later life.
See also Rezachevici, p. 115 He became regent, or Ispravnic, from May 11, 1675, and again in June–September 1677—this was the interval during which Ducas served as Cossack Hetman in Right-bank Ukraine.Stoicescu, p.
On April 21, Lithuanian Hetman Szymon Kossakowski came to Vilnius, urging the Russians to capture yet more rebels, and attack rebel forces concentrated around the city. Under the circumstances, Jakub Jasinski decided to initiate the insurrection.
After many successful military campaigns against the Poles, Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky made a triumphant entry into Kiev on Christmas 1648 where he was hailed liberator of the people from Polish captivity. In February 1649, during negotiations in Pereiaslav with a Polish delegation, Khmelnytsky had made it clear to the Poles that he wanted to be the Hetman of Ruthenia that could stretch all the way to Chelm and Halych, and build with the Tatar's help. He warned them about his intention to resume his military campaign. Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky's triumphal entry to Kiev in 1648 The Zaporizhian Cossack host in 1654 (against the backdrop of the contemporary Ukraine) When the returned delegation informed John II Casimir of Khmelnytsky's new campaign the king called for all szlachta volunteer army, while sending the regular troops against cossacks to southern Volhynia.
1661-63: Somko and the Starshina: In 1660 the left bank cossacks deposed Yurii Khmelnitsky because of the Polish alliance and made Yakym Somko Acting Hetman. Yurii held on to the right bank, effectively partitioning the country. Somko favored the upper class provoking the opposition of the Zaporozhians under Bruikhevetsky. He also lost the support of Moscow. At the Chorna rada of 1663, he was replaced by Briukhovetsky and executed. Ivan Samoylovych 1663-68: Briukhovetsky and the Russians 1663–1668: Ivan Briukhovetsky was almost completely dependent on Russia. In 1665 he went to Moscow and signed the Moscow Articles of 1665. Russian tax collectors and soldiers were allowed in, a Russian was to be head of the church, a Russian representative was to be present at hetman elections and the Hetman was to go to Moscow for confirmation.
Upon death of Grand Crown Hetman Mikołaj Potocki, who was his political and personal adversary, hetman Kalinowski commanded the choicest elements of the Commonwealth army and he had at the camp at Batoh about 10–12,000 soldiers and 10–15,000 servants and camp followers. This army was surprised by the combined Cossack-Tatar army, consequently defeated and then capture of Polish soldiers and servants resulted in a wholesale slaughter of the best elements of Commonwealth army and their retinues, the event known as Battle of Batoh. Hetman was killed on 2 June 1652, during the last day of the battle, when trying to escape from the Cossack-Tatars-filled burning Polish camp, in woods some 3 kilometers from the Polish camp. Hetman's severed head was carried around the Cossack-Tatar camps, allegedly by the Nuredin-Sultan himself.
Janibek lost about 6000. The Cossack hetman was beheaded and his head set up at Kaffa. Shahin Giray escaped with a few men. Mehmed’s body was brought back to Crimea and buried alongside his father and grandfather.
Pavel Platonovich's great-grandfather Grigory served Hetman Samoilovich. In 1713 he was appointed a centurion in the town of Kyshenka in Poltava region. In 1723 he signed the Kolomak Articles. At the end of the XIX century.
The Braniccy of Korczak coat of arms most likely originated in Branica in Lublin region. They rose to power and fortune with Franciszek Ksawery Branicki, Great Crown Hetman and one of the leaders of the Targowica Confederation.
Some consider him a national hero who wanted an independent Ukraine, while to others he was a power-hungry Cossack Hetman who offered Ukraine to a Muslim Sultan in exchange for hereditary overlordship of his native land.
Both Hetmans were taken prisoner of war,Chirovsky, Nicholas: "The Lithuanian-Rus' commonwealth, the Polish domination, and the Cossack-Hetman State", page 177. Philosophical Library, 1984. and the rest of the army was either captured or killed.
For the most part, cryptic crosswords are an English-language phenomenon, although similar puzzles are popular in a Hebrew form in Israel (where they are called tashbetsey higayon (תשבצי הגיון) "Logic crosswords") and (as Cryptogram) in Dutch. In Poland similar crosswords are called "Hetman crosswords". 'Hetman', a senior commander, and also the name for a queen in Chess, emphasises their importance over other crosswords. In Finnish, this type of crossword puzzle is known as piilosana (literally "hidden word"), while krypto refers to a crossword puzzle where the letters have been coded as numbers.
Prince Michał Kazimierz Radziwiłł (, ; 13 June 1702, Olyka - 15 May 1762) was a Polish–Lithuanian noble. A member of the aristocratic Radziwiłł family, he was frequently referred to by his idiolect Rybeńko (Рыбанька), to distinguish him from the other Michał Kazimierz Radziwiłł. Ordynat of Niasviž and Olyka, owner of Biržai, Dubingiai, Slutsk, Kopyła and Shumsk. He was a koniuszy of Lithuania since 1728, Court Marshal of Lithuania since 1734, Field Hetman of Lithuania and castellan of Trakai (Troki) since 1737, castellan of Vilnius since 1742, voivode of Vilnius and Grand Hetman of Lithuania since 1744.
At Khotyn, for more than a month (2 September – 9 October), the Commonwealth hetman held the sultan at bay until the first autumn snow (Battle of Khotyn). The lateness of the season and the loss of approximately 40,000 men in battle compelled Osman II to initiate negotiations. A few days before the siege was to be lifted, the aged grand hetman died of exhaustion in the fortress (24 September). The battle was a stalemate and the resulting Treaty of Khotyn reflected it, providing some concessions to the Commonwealth but meeting some Ottoman demands.
He was owner of Wiśnicz, Jarosław and Rzeszów. Commendatory abbot of Płock, Knight of Malta, Great Chorąży of the Crown since 1676, Court Marshal of the Crown since 1683, Grand Podskarbi of the Crown since 1692, voivode of Kraków Voivodeship, Field Crown Hetman, castellan of Kraków and Great Crown Hetman since 1702. Under the command of Jan Sobieski he fought against Tatars and Turks and participated in the expedition and siege of Chocim in 1673. He refused to join the "Lubomirski Rokosz" of his father in 1665-1666\.
Bohdan Khmelnytsky's banner that was taken at the battle of Berestechko. It was later taken by the Swedes in Warsaw 1655 and is now to be seen at Armémuseum, Stockholm, Sweden. An alliance between Sweden and Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky against Poland was negotiated several times between 1651 and 1657. After the 1656 peace in Vilnius between Muscovy and Poland Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky was infuriated and wrote to the tsar Alexis I of Russia: The Swedes are the honest people; when they pledge friendship and alliance, they honor their word.
Under Vasili III Moscow fought a war with Lithuania and Poland between 1512 and 1522, during which in 1514 the Russians took Smolensk. That same year the Polish-Lithuanian rescue expedition fought the victorious Battle of Orsha under Hetman Konstanty Ostrogski and stopped the Duchy of Moscow's further advances. An armistice implemented in 1522 left Smolensk land and Severia in Russian hands. Another round of fighting took place during 1534–1537, when the Polish aid led by Hetman Jan Tarnowski made possible the taking of Gomel and fiercely defeated Starodub.
169 On 20 October, a second treaty was ratified at Kėdainiai in the north. The Union of Kėdainiai unified Lithuania with Sweden, with Radziwiłł recognizing Charles X Gustav as Grand Duke of Lithuania. Over the following days, most of the Polish army surrendered to Sweden: on 26 October Koniecpolski surrendered with 5,385 men near Kraków, on 28 October Field Crown Hetman Stanisław Lanckoroński and Great Crown Hetman Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki surrendered with 10,000 men, and on 31 October the levy of Mazovia surrendered after the Battle of Nowy Dwór.
Around June 29, 1633 a strong Tatar group of the Budjak horde (about 1,000 men) raided the area near the city of Kamieniec Podolski. This raid ended and the Tatars returned to Moldavia with their loot and jasyr. Meanwhile, the Commonwealth commander, Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski was in Bar and moved immediately in pursuit with 2,000 cavalry when the news reached him. The hetman crossed Dniestr river and entered the Ottoman-controlled territory of Moldavia, which had been the theatre of the previous Commonwealth-Ottoman war just a few decades earlier (the Moldavian Magnate Wars).
After his studies, he traveled in the service of the Ostrogski family through Western Europe (Germany, France, Holland), where he visited the University of Louvain. On his return, from 1612 to 1619 Starowolski studied and taught at the Kraków Academy (Jagiellonian University), and then at the Cistercian monastery in Wąchock. Starowolski became secretary to the famous Polish military commander, Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, whom he accompanied at the Battle of Chocim (1621). Later he served as tutor to many young nobles, among them Aleksander Koniecpolski, son of Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski.
It signed the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which called for reduction of tanks, artillery, and armoured vehicles (army forces were reduced to 300,000). The country plans to convert the current conscript-based military into a professional volunteer military. Hetman Sahaydachniy (U130) Ukraine has been playing an increasingly larger role in peacekeeping operations. On Friday 3 January 2014, the Ukrainian frigate Hetman Sagaidachniy joined the European Union's counter piracy Operation Atalanta and will be part of the EU Naval Force off the coast of Somalia for two months.
Stanisław Koniecpolski (1591 – 11 March 1646) was a Polish military commander, regarded as one of the most talented and capable in the history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was also a magnate, a royal official (starosta), a castellan, a member of the Polish nobility (szlachta), and the voivode (governor) of Sandomierz from 1625 until his death. He led many successful military campaigns against rebelling Cossacks and invading Tatars. From 1618 he held the rank of Field Crown Hetman before becoming the Grand Crown Hetman, the military commander second only to the King, in 1632.
In spite of the emigrant's life difficulties, in old age he collaborated with Ukrainian National Association, maintained relations with Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky. Petrushevych died on August 29, 1940 and was buried at Berlin cemetery of St. Hedwig's Cathedral.
The growing unwillingness of the Grand Hetman Żółkiewski "to shed the blood of our brethren" was the cause of this unsatisfactory solution. The helpless King was obliged to concur, and henceforth abandoned all his projects of constitutional reform.
The Battle of Udycz of 28 January 1606 was the engagement between the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski and the horde of Crimean Tatars under Khan Temir. Żółkiewski defeated Khan Temir's forces near Udych River (Удич).
Hetman National Nature Park () is a national park of Ukraine that follows floodplains and terraces of the right bank of the Vorskla River. The park is administrative in Velyka Pysarivka District, Okhtyrka District, and Trostianets District of Sumy Oblast.
He then lived abroad, in Berlin and Vienna, and became head of the Ukrainian Agrarian Statist Party as well as a leading monarchist, supporting the Ukrainian Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi. He died in the "Sanatorium Wienerwald" near Pernitz in 1931.
Vishniak was fiercely opposed to the October Revolution. He participated in anti-Bolshevik activities. In 1918 he moved to Ukraine, where he fell foul of the government of Herman Skoropadski and was arrested. After the Hetman fell, Vishniak was released.
Seweryn Rzewuski (; 13 March 1743 in Podhorce - 11 December 1811 in Vienna) was a Polish nobleman, writer, poet, general of the Royal Army, Field Hetman of the Crown, Voivode of Podolian Voivodeship and one of the leaders of the Targowica Confederation.
At present, a 17th-century church is located in the village. It is the site of burial of famous Polish military commander, 17th-century hetman Stefan Czarniecki, who was born in the village and funded the construction of the church.
17 In summer 1563, Dmytro Vyshnevetsky, Hetman of the Zaporizhian Sich, intervened in Moldavia with the probable intention of seizing Despot's throne—and, initially, with Łaski's endorsement.Constantinov, pp. 100–101; Iorga, pp. 29–30; Kesterska Sergescu, pp. 268–269; Xenopol, pp.
Paul Robert MagocsiA History of Ukraine. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. On the 1674 Council of Officers in Pereyaslav (17 March) Samoylovych was proclaimed the Hetman of all Ukraine. However the title was not in force until Doroshenko would abdicate.
Pavlo Semenovych Hertsyk (? – ca. 1700) was a Ukrainian Cossack officer of Jewish origin, the colonel of the Poltava Regiment (1675-1677, 1683-1687, 1691-1695) of the Cossack Hetmanate. He and his sons were important allies of Hetman Ivan Mazepa.
In the negotiations with diplomatic mission from the Cossack's side there was the brother of Hetman Zakhary Khmelnytsky, while the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was represented by a priest Andrzej Mokrski (former teacher of Bohdan Khmelnytsky), noblemen J. Smiarowski and S. Oldakowski.
In the Ukrainian language, a булава (bulava) is a mace or club, in both the military and ceremonial senses. The bulava was part of the Ukrainian Cossack kleinody ("jewels") that were awarded by Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky to the Zaporizhian Host. Definition of kleinody in the Handbook of the History of Ukraine Historically the bulava was an attribute of a hetman, an officer of the highest military rank, and of the Otaman of Ukraine or the military head of a Cossack state (Cossack Hetmanate). Under the Ukrainian People's Republic, the General Staff of the Ukrainian Army was called the "General Bulava".
The accident occurred on a tram line on Hetman Doroshenko Street, later dismantled in 2003. A type KTM-5 tram, inventory number 1044, departed on line number 2a during the late afternoon on 2 July 1996. At around 18:00 local time (15:00 UTC), the tram – which was carrying at least 150 passengers – began to rapidly accelerate down a steep hill on Hetman Doroshenko Street (then Chapaev Street) towards Anoshkina Avenue (Leningrad Prospect) reaching . As the tram was traveling down the hill, its brakes failed, causing the tram car to derail and turn upside down.
Yuri Khmelnytsky was born in 1641 in Subotiv near Chyhyryn in central Ukraine. In 1659, the Cossack Rada elected the 17-year-old Yurii as their hetman in Bila Tserkva, replacing the deposed Ivan Vyhovsky. The young hetman faced problems: the uneasy alliance with the Tsardom of Russia and the ongoing wars against Poland-Lithuania and against the Crimean Khanate. During the conflict against Poland-Lithuania, Yuri Khmelntsky's Cossacks were defeated near the town of Korsun, he was captured by the Poles and later pledged loyalty to king Jan II Kazimierz of Poland-Lithuania (reigned 1648-1668).
Prince Janusz Radziwiłł, also known as Janusz the Second or Janusz the Younger (, 2 December 1612 – 31 December 1655) was a noble and magnate in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Throughout his life he occupied a number of posts in the state administration, including that of Court Chamberlain of Lithuania (from 1633), Field Hetman of Lithuania (from 1646) and Grand Hetman of Lithuania (from 1654). He was also a voivode of Vilna Voivodeship (from 1653), as well as a starost of Samogitia, Kamieniec, Kazimierz and Sejwy. He was a protector of the Protestant religion in Lithuania and sponsor of many Protestant schools and churches.
He was protected from the law by the patronage of hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, because Koniecpolski admired the fact that Łaszcz, an able soldier and commander, could always be counted on to fight for the Commonwealth in times of war. From a legal point of view, as a professional soldier, Łaszcz was subject to military, not civil, jurisdiction. He was therefore able to enjoy the protection that Koniecpolski's status as a hetman offered him. However, when Koniecpolski died, Łaszcz was attacked at his estates by Prince Wiśniowiecki, being forced to escape and became a true outlaw, without a home or money.
As ruler of the Hetmanate, Khmelnytsky engaged in state-building across multiple spheres: in the military, administration, finance, economics, and culture. He invested the Zaporozhian Host under the leadership of its hetman with supreme power in the new Ruthenian state, and he unified all the spheres of Ukrainian society under his authority. This would involve building a government system and a developed military and civilian administration out of Cossack officers and Ruthenian nobles, as well as the establishment of an elite within the Cossack Hetman state. The Hetmanate used Polish currency, and Polish as an administrative language and a language of command.
Yurii's father, Ivan Lypa, was the well-known Ukrainian poet, doctor and patriot. At a young age, Yuriy Lypa showed an interest in writing. Famous Ukrainian writers Ivan Franko and Volodymyr Samiylenko read his work and commented positively. Lypa began his education in Odesa and after graduating from school he entered the Law Department of Novorosiyskyi (Odesa) University. In 1917, Lypa became the editor of the magazine and published his first pamphlets: Liberation of Ukraine Union (“Soyuz vyzvolennia Ukrainy”), Kyivan Kingdom According to Bismarck’s Project (“Korolivstvo Kyivske za proektom Bismarka”), Wear your Awards (“Nosit svoi vidznaky”) and Hetman Ivan Mazepa (“Hetman Ivan Mazepa”).
At times of Bohdan Khmelnytsky such hetmans were Stanislav Krychevsky (1649) and Ivan Zolotarenko (1654-55). Some notable acting hetmans who held this form of the office were Yakym Somko who was appointed by Yurii Khmelnytsky in 1660 until his execution in 1663, Demian Mnohohrishny was appointed by Petro Doroshenko from 1668-1669 until becoming full-time hetman, and Pavlo Polubotok who served as acting hetman in 1722, till 1724. Among other appointed hetmans were such prominent colonels as S.Podobai (1652), Ya.Voronchenko (1654), D.Yermolayenko (1665), H.Vytyazenko (1665), Yakiv Lyzohub (1696), Ivan Obydovsky (1700-01), I.Myrovych (1704), M.Myklashevsky (1706) and others.
Mikołaj "Bearpaw" Potocki (; 1595 – 20 November 1651) was a Polish nobleman, magnate and Field Crown Hetman of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1637 to 1646, Grand Hetman of the Crown from 1646 to 1651, governor of Bracław Voivodeship from 1636 and from 1646 Castellan of Kraków. He was captured during the battle of Cecora by the Turks. In 1633 during the Battle of Paniowce, along with Prince Jeremi Wiśniowiecki and Stanisław Koniecpolski he defeated the Turk forces under Abaza Pasha. In the 1637 Pavlyuk Uprising he defeated Cossacks under Pavlo Pavliuk at the battle of Kumejki.
The exact date of the settlement's foundation is unknown but, according to the Primary Chronicle, it was the place where Vladimir the Great's numerous wives were living. After the Christianization of Kyiv, Vladimir built there a fortress and named it Vasilev, after his patron saint - Saint Basil (Vasily). It was a birthplace of Saint Theodosius, and there is a Ukrainian baroque church (1756–58) commemorating this saint. In 1658, the Russian military commander Yuri Baryatinsky defeated the army of hetman Ivan Vyhovsky's brother Konstantin near Vasylkiv, after the Ukrainian hetman switched the sides in favour of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Serczyk 2008, p. 351 Emissaries didn't achieve much, mostly because all decisions were already made on Sejm earlier this year, when deputies accepted project presented by grand hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski.Serczyk 2008, p. 346 Cossacks were forced to accept this new harsh terms on the next council in Masłowy Staw, over Ros river. According to one of the articles of the Ordynacya Woyska Zaporowskiego ("Ordinance of the Zaporozhian Army") registered Cossacks lost the right to elect their own officers and a commander, called elder (starszy) or commissar. From now on elder was to be nominated by Sejm, from the Grand Hetman recommendation.
Registered Cossacks formed an elite among the Cossacks, serving in the military under officers (starshyna), colonels (polkovnyk) and generals (hetman), under the Grand Crown Hetman (the highest Commonwealth military commander). A substantial minority of Cossacks formed skilled light cavalry units (choragiew), excellent skirmishers trained in mounted archery (and later using firearms), making lightning raids, harassing heavier, slower formations and disengaging. Those units were often used as support for heavy elite Commonwealth cavalry, the husaria, and were much cheaper to form than a hussar unit. The main Cossack units were the infantry, known for their tabor formation.
Stanisław Mateusz Rzewuski (1662-1728) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic). He was a Royal Colonel since 1690, General of foreign mercenaries contingent and Krajczy of the Crown since 1702, Great Recorder of the Crown since 1703, Field Crown Hetman since 1706, voivode of Podlasie Voivodeship since 1710, Great Crown Hetman and voivode of Bełz Voivodeship since 1726, starost chełmski, drohowyski, kłodawski, nowosielski, lubomski. He was married to Dorota Cetner and they had one child, Seweryn Józef Rzewuski. He was later married to Ludwika Kunicka and they had four more children: Wacław Rzewuski, Marianna Rzewuska, Sabina Rzewuska and Anna Rzewuska.
Aware that Russia was preparing for war, in the spring of 1632 the Sejm (Polish–Lithuanian parliament) increased the army by recruiting an additional 4,500 men; by mid-1632 the deputy voivode (podwojewoda) of Smolensk, Samuel Drucki-Sokoliński, had about 500 volunteers from pospolite ruszenie and 2,500 regular army soldiers and Cossacks. In May the Senate of Poland agreed to increase the size of the army, but Grand Lithuanian Hetman Lew Sapieha objected, arguing that the current forces were enough and that war was not likely. Nonetheless the Field Lithuanian Hetman Krzysztof Radziwiłł recruited an additional 2,000 soldiers.
Jerzy Radziwiłł (; 1480 - April 1541), nicknamed "Herkules", was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman. He was Deputy Cup-Bearer of Lithuania from 1510, voivode of Kiev Voivodeship from 1510, Field Hetman of Lithuania in 1521, castellan of Trakai from 1522, castellan of Vilnius from 1527, Marshal of the Court from 1528, Grand Hetman of Lithuania from 1531, Starost of Hrodna, Namiestnik of Vilnius, Maišiagala, Mereck, Utena, Mozyrsk, Lida, Skidal, , Kryńsk and Oziersk. He was a progenitor of the Biržai-Dubingiai (also known as Protestant) Radziwiłł family line. He was renowned for his military achievements and as a talented politician.
In Ukraine of the 17th and 18th centuries, an osaul was a military and administrative official performing the duties of aide-de-camp.Encyclopedia of Ukraine The head of state, hetman, would appoint up to two osauls known as a General Osaul. There also was a Regimental Osaul as well as Company Osaul, with each regular cossack regiment and company except artillery having two of each. Beside them there were osauls under special assignments, one of them serving for General Obozny (quartermaster) who performed duties of a chief executive and was the second in importance after the Hetman.
In 1620 the Ottoman Empire under Sultan Osman II declared a war against the Commonwealth. At the disastrous Battle of Ţuţora Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski was killed and the Commonwealth's situation in respect to the Turkish-Tatar invasion forces became very precarious. A mobilization in Poland-Lithuania followed and when Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz's army withstood fierce enemy assaults at the Battle of Khotyn (1621), the situation improved on the southeastern front. More warfare with the Ottomans followed in 1633–1634 and vast expanses of the Commonwealth had been subjected to Tatar incursions and slave-taking expeditions throughout the period.
The Siege of Wolmar occurred during the Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611), between October 18 and December 18, 1601. Polish forces, numbering around 15,000, with 50 pieces of artillery, led by the Grand Crown Hetman Jan Zamoyski besieged the city (present day Valmiera) defended by about 1,000 infantry under Jacob De la Gardie and Carl Carlsson Gyllenhielm. Other notable commanders on the Polish side included the Field Crown Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski and the field marshal Jürgen von Farensbach (Jerzy Farensbach). The king of Poland, Sigismund III Vasa, was initially present at the siege, but left for Wilno on December 5.
In 1666, Petro Doroshenko, Hetman of Right-bank Ukraine, aiming to gain control of Ukraine but facing defeats from other factions struggling over control of that region (the Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia), in a final bid to preserve his power in Ukraine, signed a treaty with Sultan Mehmed IV that recognized the Cossack Hetmanate as a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. In the meantime, Commonwealth forces were trying to put down unrest in Ukraine, but were weakened by decades long wars (Khmelnytsky Uprising, The Deluge and Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)). Trying to capitalize on that weakness, Tatars, who commonly raided across the Commonwealth borders in search of loot and slaves, invaded, this time allying themselves with Cossacks under hetman Doroshenko. They were however stopped by Commonwealth forces under hetman Jan Sobieski, who stopped their first push (1666–67), defeating them several times, and finally gaining an armistice after the battle of Podhajce.
He was the son of the Palatine of Podlaskie Voivodeship Stefan Mikołaj Branicki and Katarzyna Scholastyka Sapieha, the daughter of Hetman Kazimierz Jan Sapieha. Jan had three wives: The first wife was Princess Katarzyna Barbara Radziwiłł, the daughter of Count and Grand Marshal Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, whom he married on 1 October 1720 in Biała Podlaska. Griffin Gate in Białystok His second wife was Barbara Szembek in 1732; this marriage ended in a divorce. His third and last wife was Izabella Poniatowska, the daughter of the magnate Stanisław Poniatowski, whom he married in 1748. He was Podczaszy of Lithuania (podczaszy litewski) in 1723, Grand Standard-Bearer of the Crown (chorąży wielki koronny) in 1724, commander of an infantry regiment (szef regimentu pieszego) in 1726, Artillery General of the Crown (generał artylerii koronnej) in 1728, hetman polny koronny in 1735, Palatine of Kraków Voivodship (wojewoda krakowski) in 1746, hetman wielki koronny in 1752 and Castellan of Kraków (kasztelan krakowski) in 1762.
When interior furniture was renovated, the furniture for the building was developed by an architect I. Karakis. Since the mid-1990s Ukrainian Interbank Currency Exchange is operating in the Contracts House, organized with a great contribution made by famous Ukrainian economist Vadym Hetman.
The family originated from the village Bejdy near the town of Łosice in the Podlasie region. They used the Krzywda coat of arms. Members of the family held several notable positions in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, most notably, that of a hetman (thrice).
Jan Karnkowski (1428-1503) of Junosza coat of arms was a Polish noble, soldier and administrator. He was the Hetman of hired soldiers in Poland-Lithuania, general starost of Głogów, standard bearer of Bydgoszcz (1486-1497), castellan of Gniezno and mayor of Kraków.
He notes that such an army might have been useful in provoking the Ottomans, but as Jeremi was opposed to the war with them up to the point of refusing the hetman office, his actions are puzzling even for the modern historians.
He was the son of the starost of Lwów Adam Hieronim Sieniawski and Wiktoria Elżbieta Potocka, the daughter of Hetman Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki. He married in 1662 the daughter of Court and Grand Marshal Prince Aleksander Ludwik Radziwiłł, Princess Cecylia Maria Radziwiłł.
420–421 (in Polish) Most of Tykocin's landmarks was built in this era, including the Holy Trinity Church, monasteries of the Congregation of the Mission and the Bernardines, the former 17th-century military hospital, the synagogue and the statue of hetman Stefan Czarniecki.
Prince Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski (; 1654-1727) was a Polish noble (szlachcic). He was the son of Grand Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and Barbara Tarło. In 1695 he married Urszula of Altenbockum. The marriage was dissolved by the Pope and c.
In 1674 Hetman Jan Sobieski took Bar, which was defended by the Lipkas. Rather than punishing the mutineers however, he allowed them to return to their former service.Konstanty Górski, "Historya piechoty polskiej" (History of Polish infantry), Nakł. Księg. Spółki Wydawniczej Polskiej, 1893, pg.
The Gold of Polubotok () is the story of a large amount of gold which Ukrainian Hetman Pavlo Polubotok supposedly deposited into an English bank in 1723, and which would have been returned upon the independence of Ukraine with an astronomical amount of interest.
This decision, known as the transakcja kolbuszowska, was opposed by the enemy of familia, hetman Jan Klemens Branicki, and was finally accepted by the decision of Sejm (national parliament) in 1766. He married Konstancja Sanguszko in 1731 but separated after the wedding.
Similar army camps were also built, notably one on the mountain of Oreb, where another group of radical Hussites established themselves, and became known as the Orebici (Orebites). Their civil leader was the priest Ambrosius, and their hetman was Hynek Krušina from Lichtenburk.
Jan Piotr Sapieha is one of the personas on the famous painting by Jan Matejko: Kazanie Skargi (The Sermon of Piotr Skarga). Polish actor Michał Żebrowski portrayed Hetman Kybowsky (character loosely based on Jan Piotr Sapieha) in the 2007 Russian historical film 1612.
Kyrylo Rozumovsky was Hetman of Ukraine from 1750–1764. During his hetmanship the city of Baturyn became the hetman's capital. Since 1794 Kyrylo Rozumovsky lived in Baturyn. It was then that he conceived the construction of a grand palace and park ensemble.
There are some historical songs and Dumas with moral and patriotic ideological subtext that are dedicated to Samiylo Kishka. Borys Yanovsky wrote the epic opera A Song Of The Black Sea about Hetman Samiylo Kishka and his Zaporogian Cossacks in Turkish captivity.
He later served as Hetman and Logothete,Stoicescu, pp. 349–350 and, in late 1615, led the boyars into rebellion against Prince Ștefan IX Tomșa. He was captured in neighboring Wallachia and beheaded, his remains being disposed of in the Siret River.Stoicescu, pp.
Rezachevici (1979), p. 1334 The Poles then moved into Wallachia, where they installed Simion Movilă as Prince. Băleanu, who still considered himself Moldavia's Hetman in diplomatic letters he sent to Żółkiewski,Stoicescu, p. 100 led the returning Wallachian loyalists into battle with the Poles.
Krosniewice There is also a museum in central Krośniewice, called the Jerzy Dunin Borkowski Museum, which was named after the "Hetman of the Polish Collectors", Jerzy Dunin-Borkowski.www.kolekcjonerstwo.pl This museum contains various important historical artifacts connected to such historical figures as Napoleon and Paderewski.
Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki after whom the city was named originally. Stanisławów was founded as a fortress and was named after the Polish hetman Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki.Sadok Barącz "Pamiątki miasta Stanisławowa", Lwów 1858, s. 11. Some sources claim it was named after his grandson Stanisław.
Prince Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski (1648-1706) was a Polish noble (szlachcic), magnate, politician and famed military commander. He was a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire SRI. Son of Grand Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and Konstancja Ligęza. He married Konstancja Bokum c. 1694.
An estate in Veisiejai was established in the 15th century. The Lithuanian hetman V. Massalski built a palace there in the 18th century. Only one wing survived until present time. Veisiejai Estate Park, situated near the estate, is one of the oldest parks in Lithuania.
Candidate of historical sciences. The thesis submitted for a Candidate of History Degree in speciality 07.00.01. – History of Ukraine (National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 2000): Financial police of Government Ukrainian State headed by Hetman P.Skoropads’ky (29 April – 14 December 1918) . Doctor of historical sciences.
A new town was built, somewhat west of the original location, "on a field" - hence "na roli". The new settlement assumed the new name Narol. In 1672 a great Hetman, John Sobieski, won a battle against the Tatars nearby. Later Sobieski became the Polish king.
The Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky () is a Ukrainian military award named after Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks. The award was established by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the end of World War II on May 3, 1995.
The cathedral was built in the mid-18th century in the late Ukrainian Baroque style by architects Ivan Hryhorovych- Barskyi and Andrei Kvasov. Funds for the construction of the cathedral were provided by Alexey and Kyrylo Rozumovsky (the latter was appointed Hetman in 1750).
The term "Captain General" as Hetman (the word from the German Hauptmann "Capitan") is a political title from Eastern Europe, historically assigned to military commanders. It was the title of the second-highest military commander (after the monarch) in 15th- to 18th and 20th-century.
However, as the young Tartar is now an officer of the hetman and serving under Michael, his commandant, he is out of the old nobleman's clutches and an old officer, Nyenashinyets, now recognises him as Tugai Beyovich, Tugai Bey's son and so a prince.
Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski (1634-1702) was a Polish nobleman, magnate, Grand Guardian of the Crown since 1660, the Grand Camp Leader of the Crown since 1661, voivode of the Ruthenian Voivodship since 1664, Field Crown Hetman since 1676, Great Crown Hetman since 1683 and castellan of Kraków since 1692. Jabłonowski was a candidate for the Polish Throne following the death of King John III Sobieski. A talented and skillful political and military leader, Jabłonowski participated in the War with Sweden during The Deluge, then with the Cossacks and Muscovy. He took part in the Chocim campaign of 1673 and participated in the Vienna expedition of 1683.
On April 29, 1918, what is believed to be as, an anti-socialist coup d'état brought to power a conservative in his political views former Russian General, a well-respected military specialist throughout the region, an elected Hetman of the Free Cossacks Association, Pavlo Skoropadsky. The Congress of the All-Ukrainian Union of Landowners the same day proclaimed him as the Hetman of Ukraine. A well organized coup was supported by the German Armed forces Command that was stationed in the Kiev- city. The historical evaluation of the Skoropadsky's regime that lasted less than year still requires a substantial analysis and a balanced approach.
After the split of Ukrainian territory along the Dnieper River by the Polish-Russian Treaty of Andrusovo 1667, there was an introduction of dual leadership for each bank, or for each Ukraine of Dnieper (left and right). After the Treaty of Andrusovo there existed two different Cossack Hetmanates with two Hetmans the one in Poland being called Nakazny Hetman of His Royal Mercy of Zaporizhian Host and the Russian one titled Hetman of His Tsar's Mercy of Zaporizhian Host. Eventually the official state powers of Cossack Hetmans were gradually diminished in the 18th century, and finally abolished by Catherine II of Russia in 1764.
The Chorna rada of 1663 () was a Cossack Rada meeting on 17-18 June, 1663 near Nizhyn, Ukraine, where thousands of common Cossacks, Zaporozhians, Ukrainian peasants, including the Cossack starshyna, where assembled to elect a new Hetman of Left-bank Ukraine. The main candidates were Acting hetman Yakym Somko, Nizhyn colonel Vasyl Zolotarenko, and Koshovyi Otaman Ivan Briukhovetsky. The starshyna proposed and supported Yakym Somko who was planning to reduce Muscovite influence in left-bank Ukraine, and restore Ukraine on both sides on the Dnipro, and Zolotarenko chose to support his opponent Somko as well. But the common Cossacks proposed Briukhovetsky, who promised to lower taxes.
Stanisław Żółkiewski (; 1547 – 7 October 1620) was a Polish nobleman of the Lubicz coat of arms, magnate and military commander of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, who took part in many campaigns of the Commonwealth and on its southern and eastern borders. He occupied a number of high-ranking posts in the administration of the Commonwealth, including castellan of Lwów (from 1590), voivod of the Kiev Voivodeship and Great Chancellor of the Crown (from 1618). From 1588 he was also a Field Crown Hetman, and in 1613 was promoted to Grand Hetman of the Crown. During his military career he won major battles against Sweden, Muscovy, the Ottoman Empire and the Tatars.
Grzymała Coat of Arms Marcin Kazanowski, (1563/66The year of birth is not certain due to several conflicting sources – 19 October 1636) was a noble (szlachcic), magnate, castellan of Halice from 1622, voivode of Podole Voivodeship from 1632 and Field Crown Hetman of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1633. Married to Katarzyna Starzycka in 1600, he was the father of Dominik Aleksander Kazanowski (1605–1648), voivode of Bracław. His family, the Kazanowski family, descendants of Mediolan Comeses, founded the town of Kazanów in 1566. Under Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, he was one of the commanding officers in the Battle of Górzno in 1629 against the Swedes.
Those Cossacks who did not side with Mazepa elected a new hetman, Ivan Skoropadsky, on 11 November 1708. The fear of further reprisals and suspicion of Mazepa's newfound Swedish ally prevented most of Ukraine's population from siding with him. Surprisingly, the only significant support that he gathered came from the Zaporizhian Sich, which, though at odds with the Hetman in the past, considered him and the nobility he represented a lesser evil compared with the Tsar. The Sich Cossacks paid dearly for their support of Mazepa, as Peter The Great ordered the Sich to be razed in 1709 and a decree was issued to execute any active Zaporizhian Cossack.
Hryhoriy Savych Chorny (, ), died 1630, was a Hetman of the Dnieper Cossacks from 1628 to 1630 who represented the registered Cossacks while the larger bulk of unregistered ones elected Taras Fedorovych (Triasylo) as their popular leader. In 1628 Chorny along with Mykhailo Doroshenko took part in the Crimean campaign against the Crimean Tatars. Following Doroshenko's death both Fedorovych and Chorny laid their claim to Hetmanship while only the latter's claim was recognized by the Polish Crown despite Fedorovych's unquestionably larger popular support. As a Hetman, Chorny conducted pro-Polish policies, particularly aimed at suppression and control of the rank and file of the unregistered Cossacks.
The neo-Palladian palace in Baturyn, designed by Andrey Kvasov and rebuilt by Charles Cameron. The town was rebuilt in the 1750s, and served as the capital for Hetman Count Kirill Razumovsky (in office 1750-1764). Andrey Kvasov designed Razumovsky's palace in the Baroque style (later Charles Cameron rebuilt it in the Neoclassical style in 1799–1803). The home of the famous Cossack Vasyl Kochubey ( 1640-1708), constructed some 50 years earlier, is surrounded today by a park in his name (although hostilities devastated this building during World War II, it was restored during Soviet times). Following the death of Hetman Razumovsky (1803) the town lost most of its political stature.
In particular, it was the famous capture of Kafa (modern Theodosia), the main center of the slave trade on the Black Sea, Trapezont, Izmail, and also two attacks on Tsaregrad. On the night of 3 to 4 August 1635 he took the newly constructed Kodak fortress by surprise, burning it and executing its crew of about 200 people under Jean Marion. Soon afterwards however his forces were defeated by the army of hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski and Sulima was turned over to the Commonwealth by Cossack elders or starshina. Together with several other leaders of his rebellion, Hetman Sulyma was executed in Warsaw on 12 December 1635.
18th-century statue of hetman Stefan Czarniecki In the 1542, upon the death of Gostautai family's last member, the town was acquired by Polish king and Lithuanian Grand Prince Sigismund II Augustus who had the medieval stronghold remodelled into a Renaissance castle. One of the largest arsenals of Poland was located in Tykocin. It subsequently became a royal town of the Polish Crown, located within the Podlaskie Voivodeship and was eventually awarded to Hetman Stefan Czarniecki for his military service during the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1661. In the 16th and 17th centuries Tykocin was granted new privileges by kings Stephen Báthory and Władysław IV Vasa.
This constitutions was confirmed by Charles XII and it also names him as the protector of Ukraine. After several unsuccessful raids into Ukraine Hetman Pylyp Orlyk together with several other cossacks followed the Swedish king Charles XII to Sweden in 1716. Hetman Pylyp Orlyk with his wife Hanna Hertsyk and seven children now lived in the city of Kristianstad for some years. Among the other Ukrainian refugees that resided in Kristianstad and Stockholm 1716–1720 can be mentioned Ivan Mazepa's nephew Andriy Voynarovskyi's wife Hanna Myrovych, General Osaul Hryhory Hertsyk, Ivan Hertsyk, judge general Klyment Dolhopoly, Fedir Myrovych, Fedir Tretiak and an orthodox priest named Parfeniy.
Poland-Lithuania as a fief of the Ottoman Empire between 1672 and 1676 Following the 1669 election, the Commonwealth was divided between two camps – pro-French, and royal. The pro-French camp had several influential members, including Primate Prazmowski, Hetman Sobieski, Andrzej Morsztyn, Voivode of Kraków Aleksander Michał Lubomirski, Voivode of Ruthenia Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski, Voivode of Poznań Krzysztof Grzymultowski, and Bishop of Kraków Andrzej Trzebicki. In November 1669, the French camp broke the Coronation Sejm, hoping to dethrone Michael and elect Count Charles-Paris d'Orléans-Longueville. In 1670, the internal struggle moved to the local sejmiks, during which the nobility demanded to bring a Sejm lawsuit against Hetman Sobieski.
Having control of both the Chancellorship and the Grand Hetman office, Zamoyski was one of the most powerful people in the country, having obtained both the power of Grand Hetman (commander in chief of the armed forces) and that of chancellor, combined for the first time in the hands of one person. He was responsible for much of the Polish internal and foreign policies. He is considered to be one of the most prominent statesmen in Polish history. Even though his military career begun almost as an afterthought, or by accident, Zamoyski is also remembered as one of the most accomplished Polish military commanders.
Jan Karol Chodkiewicz (c. 1561 – 24 September 1621; , , ) was a military commander of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth army who was from 1601 Field Hetman of Lithuania, and from 1605 Grand Hetman of Lithuania, and was one of the most prominent noblemen and military commanders of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of his era. His coat of arms was Chodkiewicz, as was his family name. He played a major role, often as the top commander of the Commonwealth forces, in the Wallachian campaign of 1599–1600, the Polish–Swedish War of 1600–11, the Polish–Muscovite War of 1605–18, and the Polish–Ottoman War of 1620–21.
After the death of Dmitri, in December 1610, Sapieha unsuccessfully tried to capture the village of Kaluga, however, he was more successful in capturing the town of Peremyszl later on. From January to March 1611 he led the negotiations with the boyars and hoped to either weaken the position of the king's troops favoured, supported and personally commanded by the great Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, or place himself on the Russian throne. On March 27, 1611, the king, worried about his "popularity" among the military commanders in the East, promised Sapieha payment and salaries in order to receive more troops. Eventually the monarch gained the trust of the Hetman.
Prince Stanisław Lubomirski was famous for commanding at the Battle of Chocim in 1621, fought against Turkish-Tatar forces. Stanisław initially took part in the battle at the head of a private regiment, but when hetman Karol Chodkiewicz died, and hetman Koniecpolski was taken captive, Stanisław took command and ended the multi-day battle quickly, with the Turks being repelled on October 10, 1621. Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski (1616 – 1667) was the only Polish aristocrat during the Deluge to not take the oath to Charles X Gustav. Jerzy gave shelter to Jan Kazimierz on his estate in Lubowla (today’s Slovakia) and launched a counteroffensive of Polish troops.
Daszkiewicz coat of arms Leliwa III Korybut The information about his origin is very scarce. The Polish poet from Kiev region Józef Bohdan Zaleski in the foreword of his duma "Out of the Savur's Grave or duma about the first hetman" wrote that in his childhood he heard stories about Daszko Wisnowecki who lived on the Knyahynia [Princess] island just south of Kodak. According to the folk tale, the prince perished in his youth leaving on the island his wife (supposedly of Polish origin) and his son who eventually became a glorious a Cossack hetman. Zaleski suggests that Ostap Daszko was a son of Daszko Wisnowecki.
Hetman Partition Recovery is a shareware program for recovery of deleted data from hard drive partitions and other storage media. The utility supports both functioning disks and damaged logical partitions and recovers data from both reformatted disks and disks which have had their file system changed from FAT to NTFS or vice versa. In addition to working on existing partitions the tool can also find deleted logical drives, displaying them to the user for further search and recovery of deleted files as well as correcting errors in logical partition design. Hetman Partition Recovery supports reading of regular, zipped, and encrypted files, from disks formatted under NTFS and/or FAT file systems.
According to some historians, there was an earlier mentioning of the city in 1530, when the city coat of arms were established - yellow cross over an eight-pointed star, which signifies the victory of Christianity over Islam. Myrhorod was a royal city of Poland. Myrhorod was the regimental base of the Myrhorod Cossacks who were very active in several Ukrainian Cossack uprisings, particularly during the peasants'-and-cossacks' revolt of 1638 under the leadership of Hetman Yakov Ostrianytsia against the Polish nobility (szlachta). The Myrhorod Cossack regiment was among the best units in the army of Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky during the Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1654).
Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny (; ; born about 1582 in Kulchytsi, today Sambir Raion - April 20, 1622 in Kyiv) was a Ukrainian political and civic leader, Hetman of Ukrainian Zaporozhian Cossacks from 1616 to 1622, a brilliant military leader of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth both on land and sea. While being a Cossack Hetman, he transformed the Cossack Host from the erratic military formation into regular army. Under his leadership the cossacks, the Orthodox clergy and peasants had been begun to emerge as the united nation. His troops played a significant role in the battle of Khotyn against the Turks in 1621 and prince Władysław's attempt to gain the Muscovy throne in 1618.
Bohdan Khmelnytsky pursued a multi-vectored foreign policy for the newly created Ukrainian Cossack state.Kármán & Kunčević, p. 128. "The hetman and his colleagues began to think in terms of establishing a Cossack or Ukrainian state, either independent or allied with some other state."Kármán & Kunčević, p. 132.
He lived and studied first in Switzerland and then in Germany. In 1939 Danylo resettled to England. From 1932 he assisted his father Pavlo Skoropadsky in leading the Ukrainian monarchist movement. In 1948 after the death of Hetman Pavlo, Danylo Skoropadsky became the leader of Ukrainian monarchists.
The sovereigns of these fluctuating political entities have accordingly been described in a variety of ways: knyaz, knyahenya, korol, hetman and president. Two of the earliest noble titles: knyaz and velyky knyaz translate into English as "Prince" and "Grand Prince" respectively, whilst korol translates into 'king'.
Together with Hetman Potocki he defeated the insurgents at the Battle of Żownin, which turned into a rather difficult siege of the Cossack camp that lasted from 13 June till the Cossack relief forces were defeated on 4 August, and the Cossacks capitulated on 7 August.
Kolomak Raion () is a raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the urban-type settlement of Kolomak. Population: In Kolomak Ivan Mazepa was elected the Hetman of Left-bank Ukraine in 1687. A monument of him was unveiled in July 2017 in Kolomak.
The Battle of Obertyn (August 22, 1531) was fought between Moldavian Voivode Petru Rareş and Polish forces under hetman Jan Tarnowski, in the town of Obertyn, south of the Dniester River, now in Ukraine. The battle ended with a Polish victory and the reconquest of Pokutia.
Teofila Zofia Sobieska, née Daniłowicz (Polish: Daniłowiczówna) (1607 – 27 November 1661) was a Polish noblewoman (szlachcianka), mother of Jan III Sobieski, King of Poland. Zofia Teofila was the daughter of Voivode of Ruthenia Jan Daniłowicz and Zofia Żółkiewska, the daughter of Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski h. Lubicz.
Being a member of the UPSR's left faction after its split, Poloz joined the Ukrainian Communist Party of borotbists as one of its leaders. During the Skoropadsky administration, Poloz worked underground preparing for the anti-Hetman uprising. In 1920, he joined the Communist Party of Ukraine.
Oleksandr Zhabokrytskyy (); Aleksandr Zhabokritsky (); (born 29 January 1981 in Uman, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union), is a Ukrainian-born Russian football midfielder currently playing for FC SKChF Sevastopol. In 1999 he was called up for military service and served at the Ukrainian frigate Hetman Sahaydachniy (U130).
Le Fiamme di Zaporoze is an epic historical novel written in Italian about the Zaporozhian Cossacks at the time of Hetman Ivan Mazepa and Czar Peter the Great during the Great Northern War, by Mario Dimitrio Donadio and published in Italy by Giraldi Editore in 2008.
Under the hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky, Hadiach county became a new Zinkivskyi Regiment. During the early years of the 1670s the Regiment was renamed Hadiach Regiment. During different years of its existence the regiment was composed of 9 to 18 sotnias. The regiment also had Cossack artillery.
The Battle of Tsaryovo-Zaymishche took place on June 23–24, 1610, during the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18). Forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth were commanded by Hetman of Poland, Stanislaw Zolkiewski, while Russians were led by Grigory Voluyev. The battle ended in decisive Polish victory.
After 1565, the principle of "incompatibilitas" ("incompatibility") forbade Voivodes and Castellans to hold a second title as a Minister, except for the post of Hetman. Ministers were comparable to modern central-government officials. They were 10 officials (5 for the Crown of Poland, 5 for Lithuania).
The governor seized Prachatice, Vodňan and Lomnice. Young Rožmberk was forced to conclude a ceasefire with Tábor until February 1421. Mikuláš of Pelhřimov was elected bishop of Tábor in September 1420. In December, Hetman Nicholas of Hus died as a result of a fall from a horse.
A Ukrainian monarch, such as a Hetman, was seen by Lypynsky as essential in cementing the loyalties of the members of various social classes and ethnicities. Although opposed to democracy, Lypynsky's national and class inclusiveness was also opposed to the totalitarian ideology of his rival Dmytro Dontsov.
Razumovski Palace is a palace built for Hetman Kirill Razumovski, located in the city of Hlukhiv in Ukraine. The main part of the palace was built in 1757, although it was not completed until a later date. In 1784, the palace was destroyed by a fire.
In 1723 Alexander Rumyantsev was sent to Ukraine to investigate Polubotok. Within several months Polubotok was arrested, implicated in secret dealing with Pylyp Orlyk and accused of “treason.” The Hetman was incarcerated in the Petropavlovsk fortress and died there less than a year later on 29 December 1724.
Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski was the father of Anna Jabłonowska who was the mother of Polish King Stanisław Leszczyński. Stanisław Leszczyński's daughter Marie Leszczyńska married King Louis XV of France and became, with him, the ancestress of most of the Roman Catholic monarchs of Europe. Hetman Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski.
His father was Hetman Wacław Rzewuski, while his mother was Anna Lubomirska. He firstly studied in Warsaw. Starting from 1754, Rzewuski's educator was L. A. Caraccioli, and under his care, all of the children in the family were educated abroad (Rzewuski visited, most notably, Austria, Italy and France).
Mazeppa by Théodore Géricault ca. 1823; based on Byron's poem. Mazeppa is a narrative poem written by the English Romantic poet Lord Byron in 1819. It is based on a popular legend about the early life of Ivan Mazepa (1639–1709), who later became Hetman (military leader) of Ukraine.
Following their victory at Motovilivka, the Directorate forces advanced on and captured Vasylkiv. The Hetman force retreated to Darnytsia. Over the next several weeks the Directorate forces moved closer to Kiev, and on 14 December Skoropadskyi fled to Berlin. This flight marked the end of the Ukrainian State.
A year later, on October 29, 1611, Hetman Żółkiewski, in a solemn procession, marched his army into Warsaw bringing Vasily Shuysky and his brothers Dmitry and Ivan with him. In the presence of the nobility and the Senate they gave the oath of allegiance to King Sigismund III Vasa.
During the Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1500–03), he successfully defended Smolensk and became Great Hetman (commander of the army) until Konstanty Ostrogski escaped Russian captivity in 1507. Kiszka helped to subdue the Glinski rebellion in 1508. Shortly before his death, Kiszka also became Grand Marshal of Lithuania.
Andrii Abaza (1634-1703), a Ukrainian colonel in the Bratslav Regiment and leader of the Cossack formations in Right-Bank Ukraine. His father was an Abazа, Ottoman Grand Vizier and Pasha of the Ozu Eyalet Abaza Mehmet. Andrii's mother was daughter of Stanisław Koniecpolski, Polish Grand Crown Hetman.
In the 17th century, Dobrzyca was destroyed by Swedish troops. In 1655, Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski led an aristocratic rebellion against King Johann II, using Dobrzyca as a staging area. The rebels had a victory over the royal troops at Częstochowa, but later they withdrew to the Polish hinterland.
With the fall of the Communist Oligarchy and the cessation of sponsorship, the club was forced to temporarily disappear in 1990. The club was reactivated soon after when it changed its name from Gwardia to Hetman. The club also added three other sections: amateur boxing, judo, and contract bridge.
Treaty of Sztumska Wieś (1635), painted 1640. Pictured are Bishop Jakub Zadzik, King Władysław IV, and Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski. In 1630, the Cossack leader, Taras Fedorovych, executed the moderate Hryhoriy Chorny, and began a Cossack uprising, later dubbed the "Fedorovych Uprising". Soon afterwards he captured the fortress of Korsun.
Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski described this event in his memoirs:Żółkiewski had never met Dmitry, but relied on the information from his many sources. In his memoirs he also wrote that if False Dmitry II had anything in common with False Dmitry I, it was that they were both human beings.
Cambridge University Press; p. 3. . around 29–30 August 1659. Polish forces were commanded either by hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski or general Krzysztof Grodzicki (sources vary). The battle ended with the Polish victory, after a week-long siege; however much of the city was destroyed in a fire.
Jan Tarnowski Stefan Czarniecki Mikołaj "the Red" Radziwiłł Jan Zamoyski Jan Karol Chodkiewicz Stanisław Żółkiewski Janusz Radziwiłł Stanisław Koniecpolski Stanisław Rewera Potocki John III Sobieski Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski Stanisław Jabłonowski Jan Klemens Branicki Hetmans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were the highest-ranking military officers, second only to the King, in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The first Polish title of Grand Crown Hetman was created in 1505. The title of hetman was given to the leader of the Polish Army and until 1581 it was awarded only for a specific campaign or war. Later it became a permanent title, as did all the titles in the Kingdom of Poland and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Pobog coat of arms Alexander or Aleksander Polanowski entitled to use coat of arms Pobóg (died April 24, 1687) was colonel of the Royal Hussar (also known as the Winged Hussars), Royal Grand Master of the Pantry (Agriculture Secretary of the Crown) since 1678 and Royal Grand Standard Bearer since 1685. The Grand Standard Bearer of the Crown was the fourth in military commandership after the King, the "Hetman Wielki" (the military Commander in Chief) and the “Hetman Polny” (the Field Commander). Alexander's military career began probably during the Cossack uprising of Bohdan Zynoviy Mykhailovych Khmelnytsky. In 1656 he participated in the war with the Swedes, fighting in the battles of Prostki and Filipów.
At stories "Z Dnipra na Dunai" ("From Dnieper to Dunai"), "Zruinovane gnizdo" ("Ruined nest") where he attempted to show the negative aspects following the break-up of the Zaporozhian Host. Several documentary portraits of Cossack leaders were created: "Nad Kodatskim porohom" ("Under the Kodak sill") about Hetman Ivan Sulima, "Hetman Sahaidachny", "Kost Hordienko-Holovko - last knight of Zaporizhia". Most of Adrian Kashchenko works were published in 1917 - 1919, during the epoch of Ukraine after the Russian Revolution and Ukrainian People's Republic (previous attempts did not gain wide publication due to the censorship in the Russian Empire). At that time Kashchenko took part in the Ukrainian Prosvita ("Enlightenment") society activities and even founded his own publishing house.
He is one of those tens of thousands of Russian officers who after the revolution found themselves in a situation of complete uncertainty in political and private life. Many of them went to the service of Hetman Skoropadsky and his moderate regime under the German protectorate, considering it a lesser evil than the red terror already noted in Kiev against officers and intelligentsia by the Bolsheviks. However, the German Empire was defeated on the fronts of the First World War, the Hetman fled with the Germans, and a few Russian officers and cadets remained the only force able to stand in the way of the followers of Symon Petliura coming to Kiev.
Initial positions The battle The field of battle was raised along its edge with the Daugava for some one and a half kilometers to a width of about half a kilometer with the side nearest the river being steep and falling more gently towards the field. Gyllenhielm had about 900 infantry, 4000 cavalry and 17 cannons. Radziwiłł left about 500 infantry under Otto Denhoff with orders to maintain the siege, 150 men to guard the camp，and took the field with the rest (around 3,000 men, of which some 400 were infantry, 1000 Polish hussars, and 9 cannons). In addition to Grand Lithuanian Hetman Radziwiłł, the Polish-Lithuanian forces also included the Field Lithuanian Hetman, Jan Karol Chodkiewicz.
After King Sigismund III Vasa (Zygmunt III Waza) refused, Mihai sent his troops to take over Pokucie (as an area Moldavians were claiming to be theirs) but Commonwealth hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski met them with resistance. The three Principalities and the territories united under Mihai's authority for four months. In 1600 Zamoyski and hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz gathered Commonwealth forces, returning to Moldavia, where they fought Mihai. Zamoyski defeated Mihai Viteazul near Bucov (Bukova) in Wallachia, on the Teleajen river, near present-day Ploiești, restored Ieremia Movilă to the throne, and helped his brother Simion Movilă to gain the throne in Bucharest, thus temporarily extending the sphere of Commonwealth influence south all the way to the Danube.
The Hetman Mazepa Cossack Research Center (; ) is a public scientific organization, created in Kharkiv in 2003, for research into the historical, patriotic, military, spiritual and cultural traditions of the Ukrainian Cossacks, and on modern Cossack activities in Ukraine. The Center is named for the early 18th-century Ukrainian hetman, Ivan Mazepa. For its scientific achievements, the Center's staff has received awards from the President of Ukraine,The Second Great Ukrainian Cossack Council the Ukrainian Cabinet,Thanks to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine № 4395 dated October 13, 2004 the Kharkiv regional state administration and regional parliament,on the awarding of diplomas Regional State Administration and Regional Council./Hitin Valery G. and other public recognition.
In 1610, Khovansky fought alongside Prince Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky, who ordered him to combine forces with the Swedish army, occupy the southern part of the Tver region, and prevent the enemy from regrouping. Khovansky managed to rendezvous with the Swedes near Staritsa, capture Rzhev, and beset Bely. Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski was dispatched to aid the Polish army, but Khovansky avoided the collision and moved towards Mozhaysk in order to combine forces with Dmitry Shuisky. Khovansky took part in the Battle of Klushino, where Shuisky suffered a severe defeat from Hetman Żółkiewski. When Dmitry Pozharsky and Kuzma Minin organized a volunteer army to save Moscow from the Polish invaders, Khovansky took part in this army’s campaign against the enemy.
He took an active part in the battles against the Cossacks in the Khmelnytsky Uprising. On 16 May 1648 he was one of the many noble Polish prisoners who fell into the hands of Bohdan Khmelnytsky at the battle of Zhovti Vody, but he was quickly ransomed. He participated in the defense of the Kudak Fortress, which surrendered on 26 September; he was once again captured and not released until the autumn of 1649, in the aftermath of the Treaty of Zborov. He served as a porucznik in the hussar chorągiew of hetman Mikołaj Potocki, a military judge deputized by the hetman, and a member of his staff, meeting with the new king of Poland, John Casimir Vasa.
They were however stopped by Commonwealth forces under hetman John Sobieski, who stopped their first push (1666–67), defeating them several times, and finally gaining an armistice after the Battle of Podhajce. In 1670, however, hetman Doroshenko tried once again to take over Ukraine, and in 1671 Khan of Crimea, Adil Giray, supportive of the Commonwealth, was replaced with a new one, Selim I Giray, by the Ottoman sultan. Selim entered into an alliance with the Doroshenko's Cossacks; but again like in 1666–67 the Cossack-Tatar forces were dealt defeats by Sobieski. Selim then renewed his oath of allegiance to the Ottoman Sultan and pleaded for assistance, to which the Sultan agreed.
Jan Karol Chodkiewicz (in red) at Chocim, 1621 The Polish-Muscovite War had no sooner been ended by the treaty of Deulino than Chodkiewicz was hastily dispatched southwards to defend the southern frontier against the Turks, who, in the opening phase of the Polish–Ottoman War, defeated Polish forces at Cecora, killing Hetman Żółkiewski. An army of 160,000 Turks and 60,000 Tatars led by Sultan Osman II in person advanced on the Polish frontier. Opposed it were the Commonwealth forces, numbering about 70,000, half of them a Cossack detachment under Cossack hetman Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny. Chodkiewicz crossed the Dnieper in September 1621, and entrenched himself in the Khotyn Fortress, directly in the path of the Ottoman advance.
Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky, head of the Ukrainian State, lost the support of the Central Powers (Germany and Austro-Hungary, which had armed his forces and installed him in power) after the collapse of the German western front. Unpopular among most southern Ukrainians, the Hetman saw his best forces evaporate, and was driven out of Kiev by the Directory. In March 1918, Makhno's forces and allied anarchist and guerrilla groups won victories against German, Austrian, and Ukrainian nationalist (the army of Symon Petlura) forces, and units of the White Army, capturing many German and Austro-Hungarian arms. These victories over much larger enemy forces established Makhno's reputation as a military tactician; he became known as Batko (‘Father’) to his admirers.
Such raids, which pillaged wealthy Ottoman cities, contributed to the Cossacks' income but provoked retaliatory raids into Commonwealth territory. Hussars—Polish heavy cavalry—at Kłuszyn In 1618, during a session of the Sejm—the Commonwealth parliament—King Sigismund III Vasa granted the buława (ceremonial mace or baton) of Grand Crown Hetman to Stanisław Żółkiewski and that of Field Crown Hetman to Koniecpolski, disregarding the opposition of magnate Krzysztof Zbaraski and his allies. Soon afterward, Koniecpolski was defeated by the Tatars near Orynin, where he committed the mistake of pursuing the enemy against overwhelming odds and barely made it out of the battle alive. In 1619, Koniecpolski married Krystyna Lubomirska, who gave birth to a son, Aleksander, the following year.
A church in Subotiv near Chyhyryn, the birthplace of Ukrainian Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky. The Sviato-Uspenskyi Cathedral in Zolotonosha. The current estimated population is 1,335,064 (as of 2006). According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, the oblast's population is almost equally divided between the urban and rural areas (53.7% and 46.3%, respectively).
In the years 1657–1659, together with Polish Hetman Stefan Czarniecki he was dispatched on Western Pomerania and Denmark. Probably commanded the Czarniecki's right wing divisions at the battle of Połonka, on June 27, 1660. He was also actively involved in Ukraine. He participated in the Battles of Lyubar and Słobodyszcze.
Kosiński on a 2010 stamp of Ukraine Krzysztof Kosiński, also Kryshtof Kosynsky"Kosynsky, Kryshtof". Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 2 (1989) of Rawicz Coat of Arms (, Kryshtof Kosynsky; ; 1545–1593) was a Cossack noble from the Podlachia region. He was a colonel of the Registered Cossacks and self- proclaimed Hetman of Ukraine.
The Zhmaylo uprising () was a Cossack rebellion headed by Marek Zhmaylo against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1625. On 5 November Marek Zhmaylo was deprived of his title and Hetman Mykhailo Doroshenko was chosen to sign the Treaty of Kurukove, pledging allegiance to the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland.
Marcin Kalinowski (c. 1605 – 1652) was a Polish magnate and nobleman (szlachcic), Kalinowa coat of arms, Field Crown Hetman. He was the son of Walenty Aleksander Kalinowski who fell at the Battle of Cecora (1620). He began his studies in Poland and continued his education at the University of Leuven.
Ivan Stepanovych Mazepa (also spelled Mazeppa; , ; ) served as the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host in 1687–1708. It is claimed that he was awarded a title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1707 for his efforts for the Holy League.ПРО МАЗЕПУ У ВІДНІ (About Mazepa in Vienna). Nataliya Tsirka, Vienna.
The Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Ground Forces Academy is one of the leading educational institutions in the military education system of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, founded originally in 1899 as a school of infantry cadets. It is engaged in the training of future officers of the Ukrainian Ground Forces.
24th Uhlan Regiment of Crown Hetman Stanislaw Zolkiewski (Polish: 24 Pulk Ulanów im. Hetmana Wielkiego Koronnego Stanislawa Zolkiewskiego, 24 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic. Formed in June 1920, it fought both in the Polish–Soviet War and the 1939 Invasion of Poland.
In 1893, as an amateur chess player, he was involved in the creation of the , together with Hieronim Czarnowski, and served as its second President. In 1925, he was named an honorary member of "Hetman", a chess club in Lwów that included such notable players as Ignacy Popiel and Kalikst Morawski.
1992–93 Ukrainian championship – Transitional League. (Чемпионат Украины 1992/93 - Переходная лига.). Ukrainskiy futbol ot Alekseya Kobyzeva. Fielded squad: Ruslan Novikov, Serhiy Kalian, Serhiy Yaroshenko, Vyacheslav Nivinskyi, Oleksandr Otlyotov, Andriy Mikhno, Yuriy Hetman (Kostiantyn Chupys, 40; Oleh Balyuk, 80), Ihor Symonenko, Serhiy Hura (Mykhailo Bezruchko, 55) Yuriy Zhabynskyi, Oleg Solovyov.
In 1550–1553, Vyshnevetsky became a starosta of the Cherkasy and the Kaniv Powiats. He has been called the first true Cossack Hetman in history. Dmytro Baida Vyshnevetsky was an able leader, although somewhat of a reckless adventurer. He started organizing a Cossack army in 1550 against the Crimean Khanate.
Dąbrowa coat of arms of the Kiszka family Janusz Kiszka, Great Lithuanian Hetman Kiszka (plural Kiszkowie) was a noble family (szlachta) and one of the most powerful families (magnates) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Originating from Mazovia, the family used the Dąbrowa Coat of Arms.
Under the administration of Pavlo Skoropadsky, Chekhivsky continued to work in the Ministry of Confessions (director of General Affairs department), yet continuing to be a member of the Ukrainian Social Democratic Labor Party. During that time he joined the Ukrainian National Union which was in opposition to the Hetman of Ukraine.
Rocki was born in Warsaw. On May 5, 2008, he joined KP Legia Warsaw. Before he played for Polonez Warsaw, Marcovia Marki, Polonia Warsaw, Hetman Zamość, Górnik Zabrze, Odra Wodzisław Śląski and later for Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski. For Odra, he played 75 matches scoring 18 goals, becoming a fan favorite.
Saxon troops in Lithuania. The situation became inflamed again in early 1700. An anti-Sapieha noble, Sebastian Cedrowski fired a pistol at the carriage of Hetman Sapieha in February. Soon after Karol Radziwill was chosen as the Marshall of the 1700 Lithuanian Tribunal, which the Sapiehas took as a personal affront.
Khanenko family coat-of-arms. In 1669, he was proclaimed Hetman of Right-bank Ukraine by three regiments. Khanenko and otaman Ivan Sirko led raids on Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Empire. He was pro-Polish, and greatly opposed to rival Petro Doroshenko who he often fought, sometimes with Polish support.
St. Nicholas Church was started in 1706 by Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Mazepa, but not completed until 1852. The Orthodox Saviour's Transfiguration Cathedral was constructed in 1833–1839. The Roman Catholic St. John the Baptist Church dates to 1812. The St. Mary Magdalene Church was completed in 1846 by Count Branicki.
Giurescu, p. 193. Movilă had deposed Ştefan Rǎzvan with the help of Polish hetman Jan Zamoyski in August 1595. Having to face this new threat, Michael asked Emperor Rudolf to become the sovereign of Wallachia. On 25 September (5 October) Báthory issued an ultimatum demanding that Michael abandon his throne.
They were assembled into a "Special Corps" but proved unable to resist the Directory's forces led by Symon Petlyura. Skoropadskyi abdicated his position as Hetman on December 14, as the Ukrainian People's Army took Kyiv. He was expelled and the Hetmanate was replaced by the provisional government of the Directorate.
Local princes Mstislavsky together with Ostap Dashkevych organized the defense and were badly beaten on 4 November. They retreated to Mstislavl and Mozhayskiy decided not to attack the castle. Instead, Russian forces besieged the city and pillaged surrounding areas. Lithuanians organized a relief force, brought by Great Hetman Stanislovas Kęsgaila.
The Sich. Taras successfully encourages the idle residents to rouse themselves for battle. Andriy and Ostap look forward to this; when Andriy has brief forebodings, Ostap promises always to support him. Drumbeats summon a council (rada) of the Cossacks; with Taras's support, they elect a new, more pugnacious hetman, Kyrdiaha, to lead them.
It reviewed decisions of the General Chancellery, and appellation to the decisions of the General Court and the General Chancellery. The council consisted of the most wealthy and influential representatives of officers' families. After the complete abolition of Hetman post, it was subordinated to the Collegium of Little Russia for a short period.
Palanka's and kurin's seals were either round or rectangular with images of lions, deers, horses, moon, stars, crowns, lances, sabers, and bows. Khoruhva was mostly of a crimson color embroidered with coats of arms, saints, crosses, and others. It was always carried in front of the army next to the hetman or otaman.
He has the sultan as Osman II, who came to power in 1618. Moldavian Magnate Wars (Prelude section) has a somewhat different account. This paragraph needs to be checked against another source.) Around 1620 Moldavia revolted against the Turks (Polish–Ottoman War (1620–21)). Polish crown hetman Zolkievski entered Moldavia in September 1620.
Ill-equipped and not properly trained to fight on par with the tactics of modern European armies, Cossacks suffered heavy losses and low morale. The Hetman himself started to feel his post threatened in the face of increasing calls to replace him with one of the abundant generals of the Russian army.
Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski. Ieremia Movilă died in 1606 . In 1607 Stefan Potocki set his brother-in-law (and son of Ieremia), Constantin Movilă (Konstanty Mohyła), on the Moldavian throne. However, Stefan Potocki was one of the pro-Habsburg magnates and Gabriel Batory, the anti-Habsburg ruler of Transylvania, removed Constantin Movilă in 1611 .
The Ukrainian Navy was forced to leave its base in Sevastopol,Ukrainian Navy ships left Sevastopol. UNIAN. March 1, 2014"Hetman Sahaidachny" left the Ukrainian Navy's main base in Sevastopol – Media . Ukrinform. March 1, 2014 as was the Ukrainian Sea Guard. Some journalists later claimed that this was disinformation posted by RIA News.
The Ukrainian naval command reported that on 14 March, the ship encountered a Russian naval group in Ukrainian territorial waters. As Hetman Sahaydachniy approached the group, they withdrew into international waters. In September, the frigate entered Odessa to undergo repairs. In May 2017 she suffered an engine failure shortly after undergoing repairs.
Jan Jastrzębiec de Zborów Zborowski (19 December 1538 – 25 August 1603 in Odolanów) was a Polish Court Hetman of the Crown, royal secretary of Zygmunt II August and Lord Kasztelan of Gniezno (since 1576). He fought in the Danzig rebellion and was a Lutheran, supporter of Warsaw Confederation, opponent of Sandomierz Agreement.
He claimed the throne upon Charles XII's death in 1718, but was supplanted by Ulrike Eleonora. Charles Frederick was married to a daughter of Peter I, Anna Petrovna. Ivan Mazepa was a Ukrainian Cossack hetman who fought for Russia but defected to Charles XII in 1708. Mazepa died in 1709 in Ottoman exile.
Brother of hetman Szymon Kossakowski, voivode Michał Kossakowski and castellan Antoni Kossakowski, he took Holy Orders on 17 April 1763Hierarchia Catholica medii et recentioris aevi, v. VI, Patavii 1958, p. 165 after having studied in Vilnius and Warsaw. His first positions in the Church were a provost in Wołpa and canon in Vilnius.
On the basis of the judgment Radziwiłł was forced to pay Lubomirska 228,000 złotys as compensation for the time and the maintenance of marriage. This tense situation between the two houses, however, brought some good aspects, as from that day Hetman Branicki became a close friend and supporter of the Radziwiłł family.
The Sulyma uprising (, , Povstannia Sulymy) was a Cossack rebellion headed by Ivan Sulyma (Iwan Sulima) against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1635. The rebels succeeded in taking and destroying the newly built Kodak Fortress, but were defeated by Polish forces under Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski soon afterward. Sulyma was executed in December same year.
Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76). The first record of the village called "Hoshany" dates back to 1426 year. Since 1961 — Hradivka.Облікова картка Градівка During the Polish-Turkish war 1672-1676 in the area Hoshany was a battle between the Turkish army and army of Hetman Sobieski's, where the Turkish army was defeated.
In March 1918, the German Empire and troops of the Ukrainian State came to Trypillia. The liberal-minded Ukrainian intelligentsia took a stance against the imperialist-backed Hetmanate, as did Terpylo. In November 1918, he participated in the rebellion against the Hetmanate in Trypillia. On November 21, Terpylo's troops defeated the Trypillian hetman.
The Razumovski Palace or the Palace of Hetman of Ukraine Kyrylo Rozumovskyi () is an architectural monument of national importance in the city of Baturyn in Chernihiv Oblast (province) in Ukraine. It is a museum of the National Historical and Cultural Reserve “Hetman's Capital” and the only architectural masterpiece of Charles Cameron in Ukraine.
Przecław Lanckoroński Przecław Lanckoroński () of Brzezie of Zadora coat of arms (died 10 June 1531) was a notable member of the Polish szlachta, a knight often identified as the first hetman of the Cossacks in service of Poland, as well as a landowner and starost of Chmielnik, title awarded in modern Ukraine.
Zhovkva Castle, the Sobieski residence in Żółkiew (Zhovkva). Miniature model of the castle's presumed original appearance The Zhovkva Castle (; ) occupies the principal square of the town of Zhovkva in Ukraine. It was founded by Polish Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski as his fortified residence. Construction began in 1594 and was mostly completed in 1606.
Horobets, V. Yuriy Nikitovich Bariatinsky (БАРЯТИНСЬКИЙ ЮРІЙ МИКИТОВИЧ). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. 2003 Sheremetev supported election of Yurii Khmelnytsky as Hetman of Zaporizhian Host. Following the 1660 Cudnów campaign culminated in battle of Cudnów, Sheremeted was taken prisoner by Polish troops and handed over to Crimean Tatar Khan Mehmed IV Giray.
Wallenstein attempted to aid the forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, which were fighting Sweden in 1629. However, Wallenstein failed to engage any major Swedish forces and this significantly affected the outcome of the conflict.Dahlquist, Germund Wilhelm & Carl Von Clausewitz. (2003) Principles of War, Courier Dover Publications, p. 81. .
Hetman Danylo Apostol Danylo Apostol's coat of arms Born in a Cossack family of Moldavian origin, Danylo Apostol was a prominent military leader, polkovnyk (colonel) of the Myrhorod Regiment, and a participant in the Russian campaigns against the Ottoman Empire and Crimean Khanate. He fought in the Great Northern War between 1701 and 1705 against the Swedes in Livonia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, but in 1708 briefly joined Hetman Ivan Mazepa who sided with Charles XII of Sweden against Peter I of Russia. Later, Danylo Apostol again switched sides and fought on the Russian side, distinguishing himself in the Battle of Poltava. In 1722, he led Cossack units during the Russo-Persian War that led to the expansion of Russian power in the Caspian region.
1, The Cossack Age to 1625, Edmonton: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, The Commonwealth Sejm denied most funds the hetmans had asked for. The Senate's secret council finally decided, convinced by the Habsburgs' representative, to contribute the Commonwealth forces in 1620—even though many members of the Sejm thought that Polish–Lithuanian forces were neither sufficient nor fully prepared. Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, who was by then over 70 years old (as Commonwealth policy didn't allow for a possibility of forced retirement from government offices such as that of hetman), foresaw the coming confrontation with the Ottoman Empire and decided to meet Ottoman troops on foreign soil, Moldavia being the obvious choice.There are several accounts that Żółkiewski was sent to relieve the Habsburgs from the very beginning.
Hryhor Orlyk was born on November 5, 1702, in Baturyn, the capital of Cossack Hetmanate in the family of Cossacks' General scribe Pylyp Orlyk. The family was very well connected with the then hetman Ivan Mazepa, who became Hryhor's godfather. After Mazepa's defeat at Poltava in 1709 him and his allies, including the family of Pylyp Orlyk fled Ukraine for the Ottoman territory – Bendery, (present day Moldova), where Orlyk and his family together with other Ukrainian émigrés and the defeated Swedish king Charles XII had lived for five years. Upon Mazepa's death, Pylyp Orlyk was proclaimed the hetman of Ukraine in exile and by agreement between Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Empire in 1714 Charles XII and his allies were allowed safe passage to Sweden.
After spending time in the capital, Radziwiłł visited his estates in Wołyń (Volhynia), where he was falsely informed of Hetman Michał Massalski's death. Believing in the message, he sent letters to the Sejm asking if he could inherit the title of a Hetman from Massalski. When he returned in December to Nieśwież, he vigorously began the expansion of Lithuanian voting chambers and in this case sought the support of the royal court, explaining that he was wrongly accused of binge drinking and "wild adventures" during his stay in Ołyka, while travelling to Nieśwież from Wołyń. In March 1763 he again returned to Warsaw and suggested the reconsideration of changing any laws and policies which coincided with Lithuanian freedom and sovereignty.
The Battle of GuzówSometimes referred to as the "Battle at Oransk", which was probably a misspelling into English of the village Orońsko () that is near Guzów. Orońsko is also the name of the "gmina" (the lowest level of territorial division in Poland) within which Guzów is located. () took place on 5 July 1607, at the village of Guzów in Szydłowiec County, Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth. The confrontation was between the forces of the Zebrzydowski Rebellion (10,000 infantry and 600 cavalry under Mikołaj Zebrzydowski and Janusz Radziwiłł) against the Royalists supporting King Sigismund III Vasa (9,100 infantry, 3,200 cavalry, and 24 cannon), under the command of Polish Grand Crown Hetman (commander-in-chief) Stanisław Żółkiewski and the Lithuanian Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz.
From his fortified position beyond Chyhyryn, fifteen miles from Zhovti Vody, Mikołaj Potocki signaled a retreat on 13 May to the north.Hrushevsky, M., 2002, History of Ukraine-Rus, Volume Eight, The Cossack Age, 1626-1650, Edmonton: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, Near Cherkasy, the lone survivor from the battle at Zhovti Vody reached Potocki on 19 May with news of the disastrous defeat. Two days later, Potocki had only made it as far as the present-day city of Korsun- Shevchenkivskyi when he decided to wait for Jeremi Wisniowiecki's army of six thousand. With combined forces of about 5,000 men, Field Crown Hetman Marcin Kalinowski and Great Crown Hetman Mikołaj Potocki awaited Khmelnytsky's advance parties who were soon seen crossing the Tiasmyn River.
Bust of Hetman Jan Zamoyski The contest between Sigismund and Chancellor-Hetman Jan Zamoyski began during the first Sejm (parliament) sitting, the so-called Pacification Sejm, which met at Warsaw in March of 1589. Zamoyski presented the idea of a purely political union between Poland, Muscovy, and Bohemia, coupled with a somewhat premature suggestion that in case of Sigismund's death only a member of a local native dynasty should henceforth be eligible to the Polish throne. The extravagance of the idea that entailed any union between Catholic Poland, Orthodox Muscovy and semi-Protestant Bohemia caused disbelief and anger among the majority of representatives. It was only explicable as a circuitous attempt to traverse the Habsburg influence in Central Europe, which Zamoyski perceived as a major threat.
Marching with Jan Odrzywolski, but without his own hussar banner, Sobieski and his retinue came to the field hetman Kalinowski's camp at Batoh on May 31. Marek Sobieski and Odrzywolski were assigned to command cavalry banners during the subsequent battle, and in that capacity they fought on June 1 and 2. On June 2, during the second day of the Battle of Batoh after the defeat of Polish cavalry in the field before the Polish camp, Sobieski commanded a cavalry group, perhaps containing wounded field hetman Kalinowski, that withdrew to the eastern redoubt in Polish camp, where Cossacks destroyed them after bringing artillery. Following Polish soldier Wespazjan Kochowski's writings Sobieski might have been the last Polish commander defending the Polish camp against the Cossack-Tatar army.
Călărășeuca monastery Călărășeuca (also Călărașeuca or Calarașovca) is a commune in Ocnița District, Moldova. It is composed of two villages, Berezovca and Calarășeuca.Clasificatorul unităților administrativ-teritoriale al Republicii Moldova (CUATM) The term literally means "place of călărași"; see Călărași for etymology. A monument dedicated to Polish Grand Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski is located in Berezovca village.
Tykhin Baibuza coat of arms Tykhin Baybuza () was a Registered Cossacks Senior (1597–1598). He was born in Cherkasy to Ukrainian boyar Mykhaylo Baybuza- Hrybunovych and grandson of Ografena Glinsky. During the Cossack rebellion of 1596, he was in the Polish army. When being Hetman, Baybuza carried out politics peaceful towards the Polish–Lithuanian Government.
Moscow has had a significant Ukrainian presence since the 17th century. The original Ukrainian settlement, bordered Kitai-gorod. No longer having a Ukrainian character, it is today is known as Maroseyka (a corruption of Malorusseyka, or Little Russian). During Soviet times the main street, Maroseyka, was named after the Ukrainian Cossack hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
Meanwhile, the rebel nobles gathered in Guzów. In 1607 the Royal Army, led by Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz was sent to pacify the rebels. A full scale battle ensued on July 5/July 6 (sources vary), with 200 casualties, which resulted in the victory of the Royalist forces. 17th century depiction of the rebellion.
Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz (, ) (1537 – 4 August 1579) was a 16th-century Polish-Lithuanian noble. He was Grand Pantler of Lithuania 1559, general starost of Samogitia 1563, Elder of Samogitia 1564, starost of Telšiai and Plateliai 1566, Livonia Hetman and governor, Grand Marshal of Lithuania 1566, Kaunas starost 1569, Count on Shkloŭ 1568, Vilnius castellan 1574.
Khmelnytsky Uprising: The Khmelnytsky Uprising of the Zaporozhian Cossacks against Poland started in January 1648 when Khmelnytsky became hetman of the Cossacks. In March Khmelnytski went to Crimea and made an anti-Polish allianceA Cossack- Tatar alliance seems unnatural, but it had happened before. In 1624 captured Cossacks successfully defended a khan against the Turks.
Since it lacked a sufficient armed and organised military, the Tsentralna Rada was forced to sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in order to receive military aid and intervention from the German government. This was too little, too late: the Tsentralna Rada was overthrown in a coup that brought “Hetman” Pavlo Skoropadky to power.
The 1607 Parliament rejected the demands. Meanwhile, the rebel nobles gathered in the town of Guzów. In 1607 the Polish Royal Army, led by Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, was sent to pacify the rebels. A full-scale battle ensued on 5 July, with 200 casualties, which resulted in the victory of the Royalist forces.
Palace of Governor-General in Kiev (, also known as the Hetman Palace) a former building and an important city landmark in the neighborhood of Lypky in Kiev that was destroyed by a blast in June 1920. For most of its time it served as the official residence of the Kiev Governor General of Southwestern Krai.
On April 16, 1917, he was appointed commander of the Guards Rifle Division, and on April 29, the 1st Guards Infantry Division. July 31, 1917 was expelled to the reserve of ranks at the headquarters of the Kiev military district. In 1918, he served in the army of Hetman Skoropadsky, commanded the 6th personnel division.
During the time of Stepan Razin's revolt against Aleksey Mikhailovich of Russia the city was under control of rebellious Cossacks.Kollmann, Nancy: Crime and Punishment in Early Modern Russia. Cambridge 2012. P. 377. In 1696 Peter the Great stopped at Ostrogozhsk to meet with the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host Ivan Mazepa and Cossacks of Ostrogozhsk regiment.
Mshanets village was first mentioned in 1463. In 1518 the village became the property of Konstanty Ostrogski, a magnate of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later a Grand Hetman of Lithuania. The village was largely destroyed at the time of the First World War. The whole village was evacuated and houses were destroyed.
First mentioned in 1387 as a guard settlement. Listed in the chronicle "List of Russian cities far and near". In 1648 Popov Gora hosted a fight between Cossacks of Bohdan Khmelnytsky and six thousandth detachment of Polish Hetman Vishnevetzky. In the past century, Popova Gora was sotnia center Popogorskoy hundreds and parish center Popovogorskoy parish.
Mazeppa Township is located in Grant County, State of South Dakota, United States. The population consists of 9 people according to the 2000 census. 47% of the inhabitants of the village of Mazeppa are of German, 11% of Irish, and the rest of Norwegian and English origin. was named in honor of Hetman Ivan Mazepa.
Historically the buława was an attribute of a hetman, an officer of the highest military rank (after the monarch) in the 15th- to 18th-century Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Hetmans typically added an image of a buława to their coats of arms. Today the buława appears in the rank insignia of a Marshal of Poland.
In early 1918, a conservative German-supported coup overthrew the radical socialist Ukrainian Central Rada and its Ukrainian People's Republic, establishing a hetmanate monarchy headed by Pavlo Skoropadskyi, who claimed the title Hetman of Ukraine. This regime lasted until late 1918, when it was overthrown by a new Directorate of Ukraine, of a re-established Ukrainian People's Republic.
1672-87: Samoylovych and Russia: When Ivan Samoylovych was elected hetman he agreed to limited powers. He could not judge the starshina or carry on foreign relations without the consent of the starshina council. He disbanded the hired troops under the hetman's direct control. In 1674 and 1676 he and his Russian ally besieged Doroshenko at Chyhyryn.
Hrehory Chodkiewicz (, ; - 9 November 1572) was a nobleman and military officer of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He was a son of Aleksander, brother of Hieronim and Yurii, and uncle of Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz. He commanded the Lithuanian army during the later part of the Livonian War after he had become the Great Lithuanian Hetman in 1566.
In 1526 the town was once again in a conflagration. In the mid-16th century, a town hall, funded by hetman Jan Tarnowski was erected in Połaniec. At the beginning of the 17th century, a hospital was built. In 1772 (see Partitions of Poland), Połaniec suddenly became a border town, when the Austrian province of Galicia was created.
Cossack Constantinople raid of 1615 was a campaign of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, headed by Hetman Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny. The attack successfully penetrated the capital of the Ottoman Empire, entered its harbor, and burned ships before returning to their base. The success of this raid inspired the Tutora campaign of 1620 and the Khotyn campaign of 1621.
The discovery legend of the Madonna Bołszowiecka relates that during one of the battles against Tatars, Hetman Kazanowski discovered the icon of the Blessed Virgin. This was viewed by his troops as a miracle and boosted their morale, leading to a victory. Under King Władysław IV Vasa, he also participated in the wars against the Russian Tsardom.
References ? His considerable wealth enabled him to establish his own private army, which suppressed Cossack riots and Tatar raids in Ukraine. In 1635 he became the first voivode of the Czernihów Voivodship. In 1646 he was appointed Field Crown Hetman. During the Khmelnytsky Uprising, he was captured by the Tatars after the Battle of Korsun in 1648.
From the onset of the period of Ukrainian history known as the Ruin and during the civil war that followed, Hulyanytsky was an ardent supporter of hetman Ivan Vyhovsky and his pro-Polish policies. In particular, Hulyanytsky's participation was instrumental in the defeat of pro-Moscow adversaries of Vyhovsky Martyn Pushkar and Iakiv Barabash in 1657–1658.
Polish hetman Stefan Żółkiewski warned Bethlen against joining the Protestant side and promised help against the Ottoman Empire; however, Bethlen answered that it was too late to change allegiances. When the fight was joined by Gabriel Bethlen on the Protestant side, his siege of Vienna threatened to extend Transylvanian rule (and thus Ottoman) to Bohemia and Silesia.
He was likely born in Koniecpol, where the manor of the Koniecpolski magnate family was located. He was the son of Aleksander Koniecpolski, and a brother of the famous military commander (hetman), Stanisław Koniecpolski. He became a priest. As the abbot of the Cistercian monastery in Jędrzejów he began the process of canonization of blessed Wincenty Kadłubek.
On August 26, 1672, Potocki decided to capitulate and on August 30, Polish forces left Kamieniec. The Pasha entered the city three days later. Turkish occupiers remained in Kamieniec for 27 years, until 1699. In 1692, to stop a possible Turkish attack, Hetman Stanislaw Jan Jablonowski built the stronghold of Okopy Swietej Trojcy some from Kamieniec.
254 After renouncing other plans to make his own son, Nicolae Pătrașcu, ruler of that country, Michael finally sent Marcu to Iași, preparing him for his coronation.Rădulescu, p. 56; Rezachevici (2000), pp. 5, 8–11 A regency council was eventually appointed, generally believed to have comprised Andronikos Kantakouzenos, Hetman Udrea Băleanu, Spatharios Negrea, and Armaș Sava.
Hetman Jan Amor Tarnowski by Marcello Bacciarelli. Jan Krzysztof Tarnowski. The Tarnowski family was one of the oldest and most powerful magnate families in Poland. It reached its apex in the 14th, 15th and the 16th centuries, when members of the Tarnów, Melsztyn and later Jarosław branches held prominent positions beside the Piast and Jagiellon kings of Poland.
Mazeppa was platted in 1855, and named in honor of Hetman Ivan Mazepa via a poem by Lord Byron. The city was incorporated in 1877. The Mazeppa Public School was built in 1858 and further expanded on many times including a new High School completed in 1958. A fire on December 26, 1975 destroyed the historic elementary school.
When Horpyna first appeared in the novel, she visited wounded Bohun who was treated by Rzędzian. After capturing Bar, Bohun took Helena Kurcewiczówna to Horpyna's house, the Devil's Valley. Horpyna took care of the wounded girl and told Bohun's fortune. She foretold that Bohun will marry Helena, become a hetman and be betrayed by one of his friends.
Jan Amor Tarnowski (Latin: Joannes Tarnovius; 1488 - 16 May 1561Słowo o Hetmanie Janie Tarnowskim) was a Polish nobleman, knight, military commander, military theoretician, and statesman of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. He was Grand Crown Hetman from 1527, and was the founder of the city of Tarnopol, where he built the Ternopil Castle and the Ternopil Pond.
Articles 4-5 reflected the interests of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, who constituted the overwhelming majority of the Bendery emigration. The Hetman was obligated:Hetman Pylyp Orlyk 1. to expel, with the help of Charles XII, the Russians from Zaporozhian territories 2. to grant the town of Trakhtymyriv to the Zaporozhians to serve as a hospital, and 3.
Fedir Lyzohub was a distant descendant of Yakiv Lyzohub who was the acting Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host after the death of Danylo Apostol. Portrait of Andriy Lyzohub, by Shevchenko, 1846 He had two brothers, Dmytro and Illya (who was married to Sofia Barshevska). Fedir Lyzohub had four daughters (Olena, 1890; Lysaveta, 1892; Vira, 1897; Sofia, 1900).
The village name, Subotiv, according to one legend, took its roots from a live fire from oak firewood (known as "subotka") that was in front of Perun. According to another legend, it came from the name of the place where water from two tributaries combines (known as "subod'"). Subotiv is the birthplace of the Ukrainian Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
She was the daughter of Hetman Prince Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski and Marianna Kazanowska. In 1676, she married the Grand Treasurer Rafał Leszczyński, son of Deputy Chancellor Bogusław Leszczyński. Her son Stanisław Leszczyński became King of Poland with Swedish support in 1704 and reigned until 1709. During his first reign her brother Jan served as Crown Chancellor.
His main work is Carolomachia – a poem dedicated to the victory of Lithuanians over Sweden army in the Battle of Kircholm in 1605. The poem was written and published in 1606 - just after one year of the event. The poem celebrated Grand Hetman (polemarchos as referred in the poem) of Lithuania Jan Karol Chodkiewicz and the Lithuanian army.
Victor Mishalow was awarded the title of Merited Artist of Ukraine by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma in October, 1999. In August 2009 he was awarded the Order of Merit 3rd class, by Ukrainian president Viktor Yushchenko and the Medal of "Cossack Glory" from the Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks for his services to Ukrainian musical culture.
Topór coat of arms Józef Zabiełło h. Topór (; c. 1750 - 9 May 1794 in Warsaw, Poland) of was a nobleman (szlachcic) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Great Łowczy of Lithuanian from 1775, konsyliarz of Permanent Council from 1782, deputy of Samogitia to the Great Sejm and Field Hetman of Lithuania from 1793,Kalendarzyk narodowy y obcy na rok ... 1792.
The Ottoman Empire took the Podolian, Bratslav and Kiev voivodeships and accepted a big yearly monetary "gift". This outcome had a sobering effect in Poland. Bickering stopped, the 1673 sejm funded a 50,000 strong army, diplomatic arrangements were made to assure neutrality of the Crimean Khanate and Russian cooperation. Hetman Sobieski's military offensive commenced in the fall.
The family's influence was overwhelmed in the late 17th century by that of the Sapiehas. Michał Kazimierz Pac (1624–1682) was a Grand Hetman of Lithuania and Voivode of Wilno, Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac (1621–1684), Grand Chancellor of Lithuania, Mikołaj Stefan Pac (?-1684), voivode of Trakai and bishop of Vilnius, and Kazmierz Pac (?-1695), bishop of Samogitia.
She was the daughter of Stanisław Poniatowski and Konstancja Czartoryska. She was reportedly close to her brother Stanisław during their childhood. On 19 November 1748 she married Hetman Jan Klemens Branicki. The marriage was arranged to give the Czartoryska-Poniatowski family political party an ally in her spouse, and she was expected by her family to influence him.
Between 1687 and 1704 Kochubey was a close associate of the Ukrainian hetman Ivan Mazepa. He was nominated chief judge of the Cossack Hetmanate and stolnik. As a Cossack military leader, Kochubey took part in the Azov campaigns of 1695 and 1696. In 1704 Kochubey's 20-year-old daughter, Motria fell in love with 63-year-old Ivan Mazepa.
Ostryanyn's force was defeated at the Battle of Zhovnyn, near Zhovnyn in the Kiev Voivodeship. Subsequently, the Cossacks elected a new Hetman in the person of Dmytro Hunia. However, soon the uprising was quelled by Polish–Lithuanian forces led by Jeremi Wiśniowiecki and Mikołaj Potocki. After a series of further skirmishes, the Cossacks capitulated at the Starzec river.
The subsequent owner was Great Crown Hetman Stanislaw Jan Jabłonowski. In 1702, the castle was taken by the Cossack leader, Semen Paliy who made it his domain. In 1708, the town was overrun by prince Golitsyn's Russian army. The next owner of the town was Jan Stanislaw Jabłonowski, then Stanisław Wincenty Jabłonowski who erected a catholic church.
Jagiellonia's first formal stadium was constructed in 1971 and had 15,000 seats. Two years later the stadium's capacity was doubled. It was originally named Hetman Białystok stadium or guards stadium. In 2006, the stadium was taken over by the city of Białystok and renamed Białystok City Stadium which is where the club currently plays their home games.
Marek Motyka began his career with two hometown clubs: Sole and Koszarawa Żywiec. Later he played for Hutnik Kraków, and in the beginning of 1978 moved to Wisła Kraków. In 1990, he played for the Norwegian club SK Brann. He eventually returned to Poland to play for Hetman Zamość, Cracovia, Kalwarianka Kalwaria Zebrzydowska and Garbarz Zembrzyce.
In the autumn of 1708, Hetman Ivan Mazepa dared to make an alliance with the Swedish King Charles XII. In response, Russian Tsar Peter I ordered todestroy the capital Baturyn. On October 30, Peter I ordered Alexander Menshikov to capture the Baturyn fortress. At first, the 20,000-strong Moscow army failed to storm the fortified city.
The Battle of Zhovnyn was an engagement between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under hetman Mikołaj Potocki, supported by the forces under magnate Jeremi Wiśniowiecki, and Cossacks commanded by Yakiv Ostryanyn (Polish: Jakub Ostrzanin) and Dmytro Hunia during the Ostryanyn Uprising in Summer 1638. After a prolonged siege, the Cossacks were defeated and surrendered to the Commonwealth forces.
101−102Åberg (1998), pp. 97-99 The Swedish assault of Veprik 1709 by Ernst Lissner. Upon learning about Mazepa's alliance with Charles XII, Peter I sent an army under Prince Menshikov to conquer and burn down Mazepa's capital Baturyn. The Cossacks who did not support Mazepa chose Ivan Skoropadsky as the new Hetman on 11 November 1708.
Published 1997 M.E. Sharpe. Among the most notable alumni were hetman Ivan Mazepa and philosopher Hryhori Skovoroda. As well, Theophan Prokopovich as a rector of the Kyiv-Mogila Academy elaborated upon and implemented Peter the Great's reform of the Russian Orthodox Church. The university is known as pro-Western and served as headquarters for Orange Revolution activists.
Pobuh family, to which Petro Sahaidachny belonged. Petro Konashevych Sahaidachny, Hetman of the Host of Zaporizhia Petro Konashevych was born in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the village of Kulchytsy (Przemyśl land) three miles away from Sambir in the Ruthenian Voivodeship into a Ukrainian Eastern Orthodox noble family. His father's surname was Kononovych. He graduated from Ostroh Academy in Volhynia.
The film tells about the intelligentsia and the revolution in Russia, about the life of the family of Turbin officers during the Russian Civil War. Kiev. Winter of 1918-1919. The power in the city passes from the hetman to the Directorate of Ukraine, then from Petliura to the Bolsheviks. Turbins and their acquaintances have to make their choice.
After he had returned to Poland he became a supporter of the Potoccy family. In 1747, Stanisław Gadomski became an adjutant of Grand Crown Hetman Józef Potocki. Between 1752 and 1754 he received a yearly salary from the French ambassador to the amount of 400 ducats. In 1757 he was nominated as a general- major of the Crown Army.
In May 1627 Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden reinforced his units, attacking the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Pomerania. Polish forces, commanded by hetman Koniecpolski, numbered under 15,000. In the summer of 1627 Koniecpolski decided to advance to the major port of the Pomerania, Danzig (Gdańsk). Both Koniecpolski and Gustav II Adolf desired a major battle.
"Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky" In Ukraine, the first shipyard for construction of warships was built in 1788 in Mykolaiv. In 1862 in Kiev based building company, which later turned into a shipyard. In the years 1895-1897 were built two shipyards in Mykolaiv. In Ukraine, there were seven shipbuildings and ship-repair enterprises in 1913 (in Mykolaiv, Kherson, Odessa, etc.).
In 1667, the Russo-Polish war ended with the Treaty of Andrusovo, which split the Cossack Hetmanate along the Dnieper River: Left-bank Ukraine enjoyed a degree of autonomy within the Tsardom of Russia, while Right-bank Ukraine remained part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and was temporarily occupied by the Ottoman Empire in the period of 1672-1699 (see the Treaty of Buchach and the Treaty of Karlowitz). For a short time, Petro Doroshenko became the hetman of both banks. After treason by Demian Mnohohrishny and a new Polish offensive Dorosenko concluded an alliance with the Ottomans, who granted him Ukraine, while the hetman agreed to support Ottoman military action with his army. "By 1669 the Porte issued a patent (berat, nişan) granting Doroshenko all of Cossack Ukraine as an Ottoman sancak or province".
His defeats, however, were limited, and in most cases he was able to retreat with most of his army in good order. Under his direction the popular rising against the Swedish troops in Greater Poland proved highly successful. It was against his advice that the battle of Warsaw was fought, and his subsequent strategy neutralized the ill effects of this defeat. Despite support from the king, Czarniecki was seen by many older, established noble family as an arrogant newcomer, and they prevented him from getting the hetman office that year; instead early next year he received the office of the voivode of Ruthenia, and an extraordinary title of the "general and vice commander of the royal forces", which put him in a position of an unofficial hetman-like authority.
Swedes had taken Grudziądz on December 13, 1655, after their failed attempt at conquering Denmark followed by the subsequent march along the Baltic coast. The Swedish troops of King Charles X, went on to build additional fortifications in the town, which were later inspected by the king himself, on his tour of the south coast of the Baltic sea. Polish hetman Stefan Czarniecki – Field Hetman of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom – arrived in Pomorze at the beginning of 1657 with an armed force of about 6,000 cavalrymen ready for the defence of the region, which was part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth ruled by the Polish King John II Casimir (1648–1668). The battle was fought by the entrenched Swedish units in the town and the surrounding Polish army.
Semyonov, p. 66 Based on legends and folk songs, for years, Yermak had been involved in robbing and plundering on the Volga with the hetman Ivan Kolzo and four other Cossack leaders. Historian Valerie Kivelson refers to Yermak's group as “his gang of thugs.” Kivelson, p. 206 Like many other Cossacks, Yermak's gang was involved in the “thieves” trade [“vorovskim” remeslom].
There, he acquired most of his vast knowledge in the field of humanities. He returned to his family's town of Topola and married Zofia Kosnówna (Kościeniówna). In 1531 Rej moved to Kobyle, in the Chełm area, which had been bequeathed to his wife, and thereafter, he frequented the court of Hetman Mikołaj Sieniawski. In either 1541 or 1548, Rej converted to Calvinism.
The Battle of Jakobstadt (), () was a battle fought in the Great Northern War. It took place on 25 July 1704 (O.S.) / 26 July 1704 (Swedish calendar) / 5 August 1704 (N.S.) between a Swedish army under Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt and a combined Lithuanian/Russian force under Great Hetman Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki at the town of Jēkabpils () in the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia.
Stanisław Michał Ernest Denhoff (; ; c. 1673 – 2 August 1728) was a Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth aristocrat, Grand Master of the Hunt of Lithuania (from 1697), Grand Chorąży of the Crown (1704–1721), voivode of Połock (1721–1728), politician and a military commander (Field Hetman of Lithuania, 1709–1728). He was a Starost of numerous territories (nowokorczyński, kałuski, kościerski, lubocheński, mozyrski, latowicki, lucyński, zydekański).
Several hundred peasants approached Nowy Targ, but no skirmish took place. When authorities in Krakow found out about the riots, they decided to pacify the rebellion, so that it would not spread over to other regions. On 6 April 1670 Crown Hetman Jan Sobieski sent seven units (total of 1000 men), consisting mostly of foreign soldiers, to end the rebellion.
Martyn Pushkar (; died 1 June 1658) was a Ukrainian Cossack military leader. From 1648 he was polkovnik of Poltava regiment. After Bohdan Khmelnytsky's death, Pushkar, being one of the senior colonels in the Hetman State, was considered a candidate for the hetmancy, but Ivan Vyhovsky was elected instead. Together with Iakiv Barabash Pushkar led an uprising against Vyhovsky in 1657.
Hetman Zamość is a football club based in Zamość, Poland. The club play in the III liga, which is the fourth tier of football in the country. In March 2010, the club resigned from II liga due to financial reasons in the middle of the competitive season. They reformed on the basis of a local youth team founded in 1993.
Soon after becoming a Hetman, Żółkiewski was sent to Ukraine to repel a Tatar invasion. In 1590 he became the castellan of Lwów, but his requests for military reinforcements against the Tatars went unheeded. In 1595 Żółkiewski participated in the Moldavian campaign and the battle of Cecora near the Prut river. The following year he defeated the Cossack uprising of Severyn Nalivaiko.
Vadym Petrovych Hetman (; July 12, 1935 – April 22, 1998) was a Ukrainian statesman and banker. He is credited with the creation of the central bank of the country, the National Bank of Ukraine. He was assassinated in April 1998 in his home in Kyiv. According to the Prosecutor General of Ukraine the crime was paid for by former Ukrainian Prime Minister Pavlo Lazarenko.
The quote alluding to the possible enslavement of individuals for positive recollections of the Hetmenate and criticism of local administration. In 1823, Ryleev wrote a poem surrounding the famed meeting of Tsar Peter I and Hetman Ivan Mazepa at Ostrogozhsk in 1696. Ivan Mazepa famously led the Ukrainian Cossacks in revolt against Peter I and joined forces with King Charles XII of Sweden.
In November 1663 Jan II Casimir and Hetman of Right-bank Ukraine, Pavlo Teteria, began an offensive against Left-bank Ukraine with an army of 130,000 (including camp followers).Antoine III de Gramont. The history of Muscovite campaign of John II Casimir. Tartu. 1929. Russian text Without sufficient forces to stop the offensive, Grigory Romodanovsky and Ivan Briukhovetsky retreated to Putyvl.
Kompaniivka was founded in the second half of 18th century on the left bank of the Suhokleya-Komyshuvata river, a tributary of the Inhul. The settlers were former Cossacks Kompaniiskyi regiments. They had been Hetman light cavalry, whose were guarding the southern and western borders and providing an intelligence service. Probably this happened after the reform of October 24, 1775.
By 1609, the rebellion was over. Two years after the start of the revolt, the rebellious nobles formally surrendered to the king at the 1609 meeting of the Sejm, which became known as the Pacification Sejm. In return for their surrender the rebels were granted leniency. Many royal supporters, including Hetman Chodkiewicz, had successfully argued for amnesty for the rebels.
Zebrzydowski was born in 1553 in Kraków, into a family which became powerful and influential in the second half of the 16th century. His grandfather Jan Zebrzydowski (died probably 1538) was a royal rotmistrz. His father Florian, who died in 1566, was a castellan of Oświęcim and Lublin, and a court hetman. Florian Zebrzydowski authored a book on military discipline, titled Poruczenie wojenne.
During the 1587 free royal election, he supported Sigismund Vasa, and financially supported Vasa's faction in the War of the Polish Succession (1587–88). After the conflict, he was named Voivode of Lublin and court hetman. In 1595, Zebrzydowski participated in Jan Zamoyski's raid to Moldova, and in 1601, was promoted to the title of Voivode of Kraków. In ca.
The Saviour Church on Hay Square, Znamenka Palace, and the palace of Aleksey Bestuzhev are also attributed to Kvasov. Aleksey Razumovsky was Kvasov's long-time employer. In 1748 he went to the court of the Ukrainian hetman Kirill Razumovsky, Aleksey's brother, to design the residences and churches in Baturin, Glukhov, and Koselets. In 1770, he was made Principal Architect of Little Russia.
Tarnowski's parade burgonet morion helmet. Hetman Tarnowski In 1521, he participated in the Ottoman-Habsburg wars. He was among the first Hetmans of the Polish Army after its great reforms. He led the Polish Army to many victories, among them the battles of Obertyn against the Moldavians in 1531, and of Starodub against the Muscovites in 1535 during the Muscovite wars.
Tarnowski developed, among other things, horse artillery, field hospitals financed by the government, headquarters services, and field sappers. Throughout his entire service as a hetman, he preached a doctrine of flexibility. Poet Jan Kochanowski wrote a poem O śmierci Jana Tarnowskiego (On the death of Jan Tarnowski). He is also one of the characters depicted in Jan Matejko's painting Prussian Homage.
To halt the Cossacks, Poles sent Hetman Marcin Kalinowski, supported by Voivode of Braclaw, Stanislaw Lanckoronski. Altogether, Polish forces had some 12 000 men. After the capture of Szarogrod, the Cossacks headed towards Bar, but upon hearing of approaching Polish forces, they camped in the town of Krasne. Poles reached Krasne on February 20, 1651, and seized the town after a short skirmish.
The sport horse type, which is lighter in build. From 1890 to 1950, this breed was developed in Estonia at the stud in Tori, Pärnumaa. It was developed by crossing native Estonian mares with European crossbred stallions. This breed was mainly founded by a stallion named Hetman, whose sire was Stewart, a crossbreed of a Norfolk Trotter and an Anglo-Norman mare.
During this time the Turks expanded and fortified the Fortress. The Fortress was captured by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the leadership of Great Crown Hetman Jan Tarnowski in 1538. Commonwealth forces undermined the walls of the Fortress, destroyed three towers and part of the western wall. After it was captured, the Khotyn Citadel was renovated between 1540–1544.
Sharhorod was founded in 1579 by Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth chancellor and hetman, Jan Zamoyski. It was located very close to the border with the Ottoman Empire. Sharhorod was established as a city under Magdeburg law in 1588. In the seventeenth century, because of its location along wine and cattle trading routes, Sharhorod emerged as one of the largest towns in Podolia.
250px The hetman's sign () was the only native military symbol of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was invented by hetman Jan Tarnowski, who also popularized it on the territory of Poland in the second half of the sixteenth century. In Lithuania the hetman's sign was accepted in the following century. It became the most popular under reign of king Jan III Sobieski.
The 1700-strong group of Hussars was joined by three banners (300 men) of Lithuanian light cavalry under hetman Michał Kazimierz Radziwiłł. Sobieski ordered the cavalry group to advance through the unguarded western gorge. The ravine was relatively narrow and the Turks could not outflank the Polish and Lithuanian cavalry while on the move. The battle is soon over with Sobieski personally leading.
In 1672, the Ottoman Empire declared war on the Commonwealth, and the Polish–Ottoman War of 1672–76 began. Despite this, the situation in the Polish Crown was still chaotic, with the danger of a civil war. The nobility formed a confederation near Gołąb, demanding the removal of Primate Prazmowski. Its members looted real estate owned by Hetman Sobieski and his family.
A nephew of Hedeon, Yurii Sviatopolk-Chetvertynsky (?-c. 1717–22), was a son-in-law of the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, Ivan Samoylovych. After Antoni Stanisław Czetwertyński- Światopełk was lynched in 1794 by Polish nationals in Warsaw during the Kościuszko Uprising,Kronika powstań polskich 1794–1944, Wydawnictwo Kronika, Warszawa, , s. 38 his family resettled in Saint Petersburg, in the Russian Empire.
He had four brothers and one sister. His nephews were Hieronim Ustrzycki, bishop of Przemyśl, and Bazyli Ustrzycki, łowczy (Master of the Hunt) of Wschowa. From July 1654 to September 1662 he served as member (towarzysz husarski) of Hussar baner (chorągiew husarska) of Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki, Great Crown Hetman. According to Seweryn Uruski in 1678 his wife was Zofia Zamiechowska.
Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki died on 27 February 1667 and was buried in the Church of the Holy Trinity in Podhajce. The nickname "Rewera" was given to Stanisław Potocki because of his frequent use of Latin words re vera (meaning 'in fact'). In his honour, his son, the future Hetman of the Crown Andrzej Potocki, founded in 1662 the city of Stanisławów.
Blumkin, however, escaped and went into hiding. He fled to Petrograd and then to Ukraine where he joined the LSR Cheka. In Kiev he organized an assassination attempt against the Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi and fought in the LSR insurrection against the government of Symon Petliura. In April 1919 Blumkin surrendered to the Bolsheviks, who still had a warrant for his arrest.
Sakowicz died in 1647.Bibliography of Polish Literature - New Korbut, Vol 3 Old Polish Literature, State University Press, London, 1965, pp. 198–199 Sakowicz is an author of the 1622 "poems for mourning funeral of the noble knight Petro Konashevych Sahaidachny" that were read by students of the Kiev brotherhood school at the 1622 funeral of Hetman Petro Konashevych Sahaidachny.
Cossack losses also were extremely high. After both assaults Czarniecki, whose forces lacked heavy artillery, decided to stop further attacks, and concentrated his efforts on blocking the town. Since main Polish and Tatar forces were concentrated around Stavyshche, Cossack Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky counterattacked. After initial success, the Cossacks, supported by Russians and Kalmuks, were defeated by fresh forces of the Nogai Horde.
His main interest in politics would revolve around various issues related to military. In 1730 he entered military, becoming a captain or major of chorągiew unit under hetman Jan Klemens Branicki. He would be a close ally of Branicki for many years. In 1730 his father, with the approval of the king, passed two of his starostwo to him (sandomierskie and chmielnickie).
Ivan Samoylovych at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine. In summer of 1674 Samoylovych along with the Muscovite Grigory Romodanovsky launched an expedition against Doroshenko and besieged Chyhyryn. At that time Mykhailo Khanenko surrendered his hetman title to Samoylovych in exchange for some land estates. The Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa managed in time to lift the siege and drive the Muscovite forces beyond Dnieper.
Such cultural influence was obvious by the time Mazepa was elected Hetman because the number of churches that had or were being built was very high. In essence, the Cossack period of Ukrainian national history was when a unique local culture appeared that would be looked back upon by modern Ukrainians as another chapter in tale of the evolution of national identity.
By 1609 the rebellion was over. Two years after the start of the revolt, the rebellious nobles formally surrendered to the king at the 1609 meeting of the Sejm, which became known as the Pacification Sejm. In return for their surrender the rebels were granted leniency. Many royal supporters, including Hetman Chodkiewicz, had successfully argued for amnesty for the rebels.
The Ostryanyn uprising was a 1638 Cossack uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was sparked by an act of the Sejm (legislature) passed the same year that declared that non-Registered Cossacks were equal to ordinary peasants in their rights, and hence were subjected to enserfment. The uprising was initially led by Cossack Hetman Yakiv Ostryanyn () but was eventually crushed.
In 1674, Khanenko suffered a disastrous defeat to Doroshenko, and was forced to get the aid of Left-bank Ukraine hetman Ivan Samoylovych. He renounced all claims to power, and swore loyalty to Moscow. He was allowed to live in peace on the left bank of the Dnieper and the exact time and place of his death are still unknown.
In January 1421, Taborite forces, under command of Jan Žižka and Chval from Machovice, captured the town of Stříbro and cloister in Krakikov. The commandant of Stříbro Castle, Bohuslav of Švamberk, surrendered; his soldiers were free to go. Because Sigismund didn't send a ransom for him, Bohuslav decided to join the Hussites. Eventually the Taborites chose him as their hetman.
On June 4, 1610, Hetman Zolkiewski ordered the army to march towards Tsaryovo-Zaymishche. Before Poles and Lithuanians reached the town (June 23), Russians burned it, preparing temporary strongpoints, protected by a forest and nearby swamps. A clash ensued, in which neither side managed to prevail. On the next day, more Commonwealth troops appeared and attacked, forcing the Russians to retreat.
The Ukrainian Cossack Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky led a Cossack uprising, known as Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1657), under the premise that the Poles had sold them as slaves "into the hands of the accursed Jews." At that time it is estimated that the Jewish population in Ukraine numbered 51,325.Orest Subtelny, History of Ukraine, p. 599. University of Toronto Press, 1994.
They were defenders of the nobility, who often entrusted the family with their proxy vote at the Sejms and in the election of kings. Although Jerzy Sebastian was Grand Marshal and Field Hetman of the Crown, he supported the nobility in rebellion.J. Długosz, latyfundia Lubomirskich w XVII wieku (powstanie – rozwój – podziały), Opole University, Opole 1997, p. 13 Marriages were also important.
In early times, an ataman (later called hetman) commanded a Cossack band. He was elected by the Host members at a Cossack rada, as were the other important officials: the judge, the scribe, the lesser officials, and the clergy. The ataman's symbol of power was a ceremonial mace, a bulava. Today, Russian Cossacks are led by atamans, and Ukrainian Cossacks by hetmans.
Ivan Khandoshkin was born into a Cossack family near Myrhorod. He was related to the family of Hetman Danylo Apostol. Ivan's father Ostap was trained as a tailor, but eventually became a professional French horn and percussion player in the court orchestra of Tsar Peter III. Ivan studied under Tito Porta with other Italian influences being Domenico dall’Oglio and Pietro Peri.
In the environs of Rylsk, two manors are of interest to the student of Russian history. The village of Ivanovskoye, east of Rylsk, has a summer residence of Ukrainian hetman Ivan Mazepa, while Maryino, slightly to the west, used to be a seat of the princely house of Boryatinsky, who in 1815-1816 built a palace and extensive English park there.
Maria Anna was a daughter of Prince Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski and Countess Isabella von Flemming. She spent her childhood in the Blue Palace in Warsaw and Powązki. In 1782 she moved with her parents to Puławy. Since 1784 to 1793 Maria was married to Duke Louis of Württemberg, who became the Hetman of the Lithuanian Army in the 1792 war against Russia.
Sack of Baturyn (, ) (1-2 November 1708), sometimes also referred to as the Slaughtering in Baturyn, was a part of series of punishing raids conducted by the Russian Imperial Army against Mazepa and Cossack state. On 2 November 1708, upon the sack of Baturyn, its entire civil population was exterminated (~7,000 according to Serhiy Pavlenko), while the "Hetman Residence" was completely obliterated.
The situation in Ukraine in December 1918 was very complex. There was the German-backed Hetman of Ukraine Pavlo Skoropadskyi, who had just been overthrown by the Nationalist Ukrainian People's Republic, led by Symon Petliura. Then there was the Pro-Russian White Volunteer Army led by Anton Denikin. Further there were the Bolshevik forces, which had invaded Ukraine and were marching upon Kiev.
In 1635 the Poles began building the Kodak Fortress near the head of the Dnieper rapids to control the Cossacks and block Crimean raids. Within a few months the place was destroyed by Cossack rebels. In the summer of 1637 the rebels chose Pavel Bout as their hetman, but he was soon defeated. The rebels gathered at Zaporozhye planning a new campaign.
Gheorghe Rosnovanu (March 1, 1832-October 2, 1904) was a Moldavian-born Romanian soldier and politician. A scion of the Moldavian boyar Rosetti family, his parents were hetman Alexandru Rosnovanu and his wife Ruxandra Callimachi. After finishing his schooling, he entered the Imperial Russian Army. Rosnovanu served there until 1857, when he entered the Moldavian Army as a second lieutenant.
Hetman Koniecpolski Frees Captives of the Tatars, by Henryk Rodakowski. (The original was lost in World War II.) The final battle took place on 27 June 1629 near Trzciana (or Trzcianka). The Swedes attacked toward Grudziądz, were halted, and retreated to Sztum and Malbork. Koniecpolski attacked the rear guard, which was led by Jan Wilhelm Reingraff, Count of Ren, and destroyed it.
At that time, it was the tallest structure in Russia. Its design heralded that of Ivan the Great Bell Tower in the Moscow Kremlin. During the Time of Troubles, Joseph Volokolamsk Monastery was actively engaged in helping the government of Basil IV in his struggle against Ivan Bolotnikov's rebels. The Polish hetman Prince Rozynski lost his life besieging the monastery in 1611.
The Muscovites promptly overran Lithuanian fortresses in Bryansk, Vyazma, Dorogobuzh, Toropets, and Putyvl.Stevens (2007), p. 58 Local nobles, particularly the Vorotynskys, often joined the Muscovite cause. Another attack came from the southeast into Kiev Voivodeship, Volhynia, and Podolia. On July 14, 1500, the Lithuanians suffered a great defeat in the Battle of Vedrosha, and Grand Hetman Konstanty Ostrogski was captured.
Marienwerder Castle was taken by Polish forces on 18 March 1520. Polish forces under Grand Crown Hetman Mikołaj Firlej gathered near Koło and in January struck towards Pomesania towards Königsberg, laying siege to Marienwerder (Kwidzyn) and Preußisch Holland (Pasłęk). The siege was slow, however, since the Polish forces lacked artillery power. The Polish fleet began a blockade of Teutonic ports.
Very likely he acted as a close adviser to the rebel leader. He was defeated and mortally wounded in the battle of Loyew on 31 July 1649. Polish hetman Janusz Radziwiłł wanted to save his life, so he could be put on trial for joining the uprising, but his wounds were too great and he died soon afterwards, on 3 August 1649.
Therefore, after some time, a Polish division faced entire Swedish Army. Czarniecki’s forces were forced to flee, and the Hetman was almost captured by the enemy. The Polish plan failed, while Swedish soldiers once again proved their professionalism. Nevertheless, after the skirmish, remaining Polish banners, loyal to Charles Gustav, switched sides and returned their allegiance to John II Casimir Vasa.
Such actions raised the morale of the Commonwealth troops. Although the Polish defenders were weakened, the Ottomans failed to break their morale. Also, while the defenders were running low on food and supplies, Ottomans had similar problems. On 24 September, a few days before the siege was to be lifted, the aged Grand Hetman died of exhaustion and illness in the camp.
The Battle of Martynów of 20 June 1624 refers to the engagement between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski and the horde of Crimean Tatars under Khan Temir. Koniecpolski dealt a crushing defeat to Khan Temir's forces near Novyi Martyniv (Мартинів). The victory at Martyniów was the biggest Polish victory over the Tatar raiders in a century.
Then the townspeople of Białystok through the commissar of goods Józef Wojnarowski from the Podlasie region turned to Jan Klemens Branicki, that he would obtain another royal privilege. This initiative met with understanding of the Grand Crown Hetman and it was announced in a consecutive document from 19 November 1760. the area of Bialystok was not uniform in organizational terms.
Count Jan Krzysztof Tarnowski (1 January 1537 - 1 April 1567) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic), Leliwa coat of arms. Son of Hetman Jan Tarnowski and Zofia née Szydłowiecka. He was married to Zofia Odrowąż since 1555, but had no issue. He was educated in the worldly affairs at the court of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, at his father's great expense claimed Orzechowski.
Left-bank Ukraine Left-bank Ukraine (; ; ) is a historic name of the part of Ukraine on the left (East) bank of the Dnieper River, comprising the modern- day oblasts of Chernihiv, Poltava and Sumy as well as the eastern parts of Kyiv and Cherkasy. The term appeared in 1663 with the election of Ivan Bryukhovetsky as the hetman of Ukraine in opposition to Pavlo Teteria. Bryukhovetsky was the first known "left-bank Ukraine" hetman over the area that was under the Russian influence. Until the mid-17th century the area belonged to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and since the Treaty of Pereyaslav of 1654, besides of its southern part (part of Taurida), it fell under Russian control, later reaffirmed in the Treaty of Andrusovo (1667) and the Eternal Peace Treaty (1686) between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Tsardom of Russia.
The Time of Troubles period in Russia resulted in peasant rebellions, such as the one led by Ivan Bolotnikov, which contributed also to peasant unrest in the Commonwealth and to further insurgency by the Cossacks there. Crown Hetman Mikołaj Potocki fought the Cossacks, but was also one of the voices of reason and practicality: he appealed for restraining the Polish abuses, called for an establishment of a commission to deal with Ukrainian grievances, and initially defended Bohdan Khmelnytsky The uprising of Marek Zhmaylo of 1625 was confronted by Stanisław Koniecpolski and concluded with Mykhailo Doroshenko signing the Treaty of Kurukove. More fighting soon erupted and culminated in the "Taras night" of 1630, when the Cossack rebels under Taras Fedorovych turned against army units and noble estates. The Fedorovych Uprising was put under control by Hetman Koniecpolski.
Ukrainian diplomacy and international financial policy of the governments of the Central Rada, Ukrainian State (Hetman) and UNR Directory (1917-1922). - Kyiv: Duliby, 2016. - 532 p. /ukr.: Гай-Нижник П. Українська дипломатія й міжнародна фінансова політика урядів Центральної Ради, Української Держави (Гетьманату) та Директорії УНР (1917–1922 рр.). – К.: Дуліби, 2016. – 532 с./ The new monograph doctor of historical sciences P.P.Hai-Nyzhnyk highlights the activities of Ukrainian diplomats and government officials in the context of maintaining international financial policy of the government of the Central Rada, Hetman and Directory for 1917–1922 years. The author analyzes the multifaceted aspects of international financial policy of the Ukrainian state and the Ukrainian People's Republic in comparison with the internal and foreign policy, and given the general financial and economic and public policies of national and state revival of Ukraine.
John Sobieski, the Commonwealth's last great victorious commander, at the Battle of Khotyn (1673) The Ottoman Empire, which had previously been involved in Ukrainian affairs by Bohdan Khmelnytsky, now under the leadership of Sultan Mehmed IV and his Grand Vizier Ahmed Köprülü, interpreted the Ukrainian disorder as an opportunity for its own expansion in the region. The Commonwealth's friend, Tatar Khan Mehmed IV Giray was removed in 1666 and Petro Doroshenko, the Cossack hetman of right-bank Ukraine, seeking the threatened by the Polish- Russian negotiations unity of Ukraine, accepted Ottoman suzerainty. In fall of 1666, the Tatars eliminated the Commonwealth military units present in Dnieper Ukraine, but the 1667 sejm reduced the country's army to 20,000 nevertheless. In 1667, when Tatar-Cossack forces attacked Lwów (Lviv), Hetman John Sobieski confronted them with a small force.
Lutherans executed in Thorn in 1724 The last fifteen years of the rule of Augustus II the Strong was characterized by the continuation of magnate factions' private pursuits, but also by the arrival of long-awaited peace and the formation of the Commonwealth's reformist camp. Augustus II, after 1717 having his most ambitious or extreme undertakings curtailed, concentrated on ensuring the Polish succession for his son Friedrich August, which was opposed both domestically and by foreign powers. Augustus was seeking the support of Austria and had imperial political ambitions. Son Frederick Augustus converted to Catholicism and in 1719 married Maria Josepha, daughter of Emperor Joseph I. In the Commonwealth Augustus was frustrated by the dogged opposition of the Crown Hetman Adam Sieniawski and Lithuanian Hetman Ludwik Pociej, who fought the royal court, themselves protected by Tsar Peter.
The causes of the Polish-Ottoman War of 1672–1676 can be traced to 1666. Petro Doroshenko Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, aiming to gain control of Ukraine but facing defeats from other factions struggling over control of that region, in a final bid to preserve his power in Ukraine, signed a treaty with Sultan Mehmed IV in 1669 that recognized the Cossack Hetmanate as a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.Finkel, C., 2005, Osman's Dream, Cambridge: Basic Books, In the meantime, Commonwealth forces were trying to put down unrest in Ukraine, but were weakened by decades long wars (Khmelnytsky Uprising, The Deluge and Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)). Trying to capitalize on that weakness, Tatars, who commonly raided across the Commonwealth borders in search of loot and plunder, invaded, this time allying themselves with Cossacks under hetman Doroshenko.
With the death of Hetman Stanislaw Koniecpolski in March 1646, and without the knowledge of his successor Hetman Mikolaj Potocki, King Wladyslaw IV Vasa established direct relations with the Cossacks, concerning the "wrongs and injustices that they were suffering".Hrushevsky, M., 2002, History of Ukraine-Rus, Volume Eight, The Cossack Age, 1626-1650, Edmonton: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, In April 1646 after meeting with Cossack officers (starshyna), Władysław IV Vasa secretly chartered them for rallying to the Cossack army for the upcoming sea campaign against the Crimean Khanate, Khmelnytsky and Zaporizhian Cossackdom Volodymyr Holobutsky Zaporizhian Cossacks, Chapter 11 increased the size of the Zaporozhian Host to 12,000 and gave them 6000 talers to equip "sixty well-armed boats". The king gave his letter to the Military Yesaul Ivan Barabash. who headed the Cossack Diplomatic Mission to the royal court.
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden in Polish 'delia' coat, painting by Merian 1632 Hetman Jan Zamoyski in a crimson delia and blue silk żupan. Right hand holds a hetman's buława. The delia () is a garment worn by male szlachta (nobility) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The delia is similar to a coat or cloak, and was worn over the żupan from the 16th until the early 18th century.
During the Khmelnytskyi Uprising, Zaporozhian Cossacks seized the town, and 188 families of local Ruthenian nobility recognized the Ukrainian hetman as a new governor. Starodub became the center of Starodub Cossack Regiment and enjoyed a large measure of autonomy between 1666 and 1686. Starodub remained rudiments of Cossack Hetmanate's administrative division until 1782 when it became an uyezd town. In 1796, Starodub was incorporated into Chernigov Governorate.
Yuriy Bazhal has over 160 publications, including 14 individually and collectively written monographes and 5 studying books, and also scientific articles in Ukrainian and foreign scientific journals. He was awarded a medal for young scientists from the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (1984), diploma of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine (2004). Thrice he was awarded with Vadym Hetman professorial fellowship from Raiffeisen Bank Aval (2006–2009).
The Treaty of Kurukove () was an agreement between Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Mykhailo Doroshenko of the Ukrainian Cossacks. After four days of negotiations, it was signed on 5 November 1625 near Lake Kurukove, in what is now Kremenchuk. The treaty was a response to Marek Zhmaylo's uprising "Treaty of Kurukove". Encyclopedia of Ukraine and a Crimean-Zaporozhian alliance under Mehmed III Giray.
Kármán, Gábor, and Lovro Kunčević, eds. The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Print. p.138-139 In 1663, Cossacks rebelled against the Commonwealth and with the help of the Crimean Tatars in 1665, Hetman Petro Doroshenko took power, with the hopes of taking Ukraine out from under both Muscovy and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
At the end of the 16th century, it was acquired by Jan Zamoyski, Great Crown Chancellor and Grand Crown Hetman. In 1787, King Stanisław August Poniatowski of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth officially proclaimed it as a market town. establishing legal merchant rights and property rights. In 1795, when Yampil was incorporated into the Land of Rus, it remained part of Yampolskiy uyezd under the Podolia Governorate.
His mother, Debbie Hetman, threw the ceremonial first pitch. Angels pitchers Taylor Cole and Félix Peña combined to throw a no-hitter against the Seattle Mariners, winning 13–0. It was the first combined no-hitter in California since July 13, 1991, the day of Skaggs' birth. After the game, the players removed their Skaggs jerseys and laid them around the mound to honor his memory.
The regiment was established in 1648 at the outbreak of the Khmelnytsky Uprising. When the Ruin occurred the regiment was placed under the control of Right-bank Ukraine hetmans. The regiment was split during the 1670s as a result of factional fighting between its colonel, Mykhailo Khanenko, and Hetman Petro Doroshenko. Which caused half of the troops to join forces with invading Left-bank Ukraine Cossacks.
For this mission he was awarded with 25,000 tallers, an astronomically-high amount of money by those times' standards. In 1717 he signed the constitution of the Silent Sejm. For his support for the king, in 1725 he was made the Court Marshal of the Crown. The following year he became the Field Crown Hetman and held that post until his death in 1728.
"Ivan Mazepa, Supreme War Prince of Zaporizhian Cossacks" In 1687 Ivan Mazepa accused Samoylovych of conspiring to secede from Russia, secured his ouster, and was elected the Hetman of Left- bank Ukraine in Kolomak,Katchanovski, et. al., p. 362 with the support of Vasily Galitzine. At the same time Ivan Mazepa signed the Kolomak Articles, which were based on the Hlukhiv Articles of Demian Mnohohrishny.
Michał Wiśniowiecki or Mykhailo Vyshnevetsky (1529-1584) was a Ruthenian noble (szlachcic) of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth . He was a prince at Wiśniowiec, magnate, Senior of Registered Cossacks, Hetman of Zaporozhian Cossacks, castellan of Bracław and Kijów,Filip Sulimierski, Bronisław Chlebowski, Władysław Walewski: Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, t. V. Warszawa: 1880-1902, s. 36. starost of Czerkasy, Kaniów, Lubeka and Łojów.
In 1512, Grand Hetman of Lithuania, Konstanty Ostrogski, ransacked the region of Severia and vanquished a Russian force of approximately 6,000 men. On 8 September 1514, Muscovy suffered a major defeat at the Battle of Orsha, which prevented the Russians to place all the former Kievan Rus' lands under their lordship.Soloviev (1976), p. 59 Poland exploited the battle for propaganda purposes with strong anti-Russian sentiment.
In the first half of the 18th century, a new parish church was built. In 1775, after Aleksandra Czartoryska married Hetman Michał Kazimierz Ogiński, the town passed over to the Ogiński family. At that time Siedlce emerged as one of the most important cultural centers of the nation. The Ogiński Palace was visited by several notable artists and writers, such as Franciszek Karpiński, and Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz.
Lithuanian commanders hetman Janusz Radziwiłł and treasurer Wincenty Korwin Gosiewski could not agree on defense. City residents began hasty evacuations. Most valued treasures, including the coffin of Saint Casimir, main books of Lithuanian Metrica, and valuables from Vilnius Cathedral, were transported outside the city. Radziwiłł took up defensive position on the northern shore of the Neris river near the present-day Green Bridge to cover the evacuations.
In June 1610, De la Gardie and Dmitry Shuisky departed from Moscow in order to lift the Polish–Lithuanian Siege of Smolensk. The campaign ended with most of De la Gardie's forces defecting to the Polish hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski at the Battle of Klushino in 1610. After this, De la Gardie's remaining army during that summer returned to Vyborg, Finland (then part of Sweden).
"300th anniversary of first Ukrainian constitution written by Pylyp Orlyk being celebrated", Kyiv Post, (April 5, 2010) It established a democratic standard for the separation of powers in government between the legislative, executive, and judiciary branches, well before the publication of Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws. The Constitution limited the executive authority of the hetman, and established a democratically elected Cossack parliament called the General Council.
In November 1918 Oskilko led an uprising against the hetman in Volyn. In December he was promoted to colonel of the Ukrainian People's Army. In January 1919 he became a General Khorunzhy (Major General) and a commander of the North group of the Ukrainian People's Army (around 40,000 soldiers). On January 5, 1919 his unit, which was passing through Berdichev, perpetrated a pogrom, killing 23 Jews.
Ataman (variants: otaman,"Otoman" in The Encyclopedia of Ukraine wataman, vataman; Russian: атаман, ) was a title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. In the Russian Empire, the term was the official title of the supreme military commanders of the Cossack armies. The Ukrainian version of the same word is Hetman. Otaman in Ukrainian Cossack forces was a position of a lower rank.
He was married to Konstancja Ligęza since 1641 and Barbara Tarło since 1654. He was starost of Kraków since 1647, Court Marshal of the Crown in the same year, Grand Marshal of the Crown since 1650, Field Crown Hetman since 1658, starost of Nowy Sącz and Spisz. He became Sejm Marshal of the ordinary Sejm between 1 February and 29 March 1643 in Warsaw.
The third and final section is the statement of the murder victim, Julia Hetman, delivered through a medium. She describes the night she was murdered. Alone in the house, she heard frightening noises and believed she was being hunted by some creature of the night. While she cowered in the corner of her room, a man entered and strangled her, but she never saw his face.
The Tori breed was formed by breeding Hetman and his sons. Thus, a valuable breeding nucleus rapidly formed, that slowed as signs of inbreeding depression were found in the 1930s. This deteriorated performance and robustness. To eliminate this inbreeding depression, Toris were crossed with Breton Post- horse stallions, and as a result, the massive type of Tori became widespread while the quality of the gaits declined.
The pro-French faction, which was backed by Michal Prazmowski and Crown Hetman Jan Sobieski, was strong. During the Convocation, several Sejm members of the szlachta urged the election of a native Piast king instead. There were widespread rumors that supporters of foreign candidates had been bribed. Under the circumstances, the Bishop of Chełmno, Andrzej Olszowski, suggested that instead of a foreigner, a Pole should be elected.
The most known and important naval victory was achieved by great hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz on 24 March 1609 near Salismünde (now Salacgrīva in Latvia) where he defeated a Swedish fleet burning two enemy ships and losing none and hence breaking the blockade of Riga city. But generally the loss of territories near the Baltic Sea had a negative impact on Lithuania's maritime development.
The office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine also claimed that Lazarenko instigated the assassination of Vadym Hetman in late April 1998. In the United States, Lazarenko was put on trial for money-laundering, corruption, and fraud. Attorney Daniel Horowitz represented Lazarenko on charges arising out of his operation of the Ukrainian gas business, Doron Weinberg represented him regarding charges of extortion of a business partner.
Oblaznytsia () is a village (selo) in Zhydachiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. The first mention of the village dates back to 1411.Село на Жидачівщині відзначило свій 600-літній ювілей There is a wooden church of St. Eustachian in village, built in the 17th century (rebuilt in 1930), once visited by Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky with his wife Elena and Metropolitan Bishop Andrey Sheptytsky.
The Poles, completely surprised by the Swedish invasion, in September attempted a counter-offensive, but were defeated by Gustavus Adolphus at the Battle of Gniew. The forces required serious modernization. The Sejm passed high taxation for the defense, but collections lagged behind. The situation was partially saved by the City of Danzig, which hurriedly embarked on the construction of modern fortifications, and by Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski.
The Wielopolski Palace was built in 1535–1560 for Hetman Jan Tarnowski. After the death of Tarnowski in 1561 the palace passed into the hands of Ostrogski and Zamoyski families. Between the mid-17th century and the mid-19th century, the building remained in the hands of Wielopolski family. Part of the palace was made available by the owners for various societal and public purposes.
The majority of the Directorate's forces were peasant militia from pro-Bolshevik or anti-Hetman Green armies. These militias were supplemented by the Sich Riflemen, a unit of professional Ukrainian soldiers that had formerly been disarmed and disbanded by the Skoropadskyi regime. The forces of the Ukrainian State were made up of former Russian troops, anti-Bolshevik militia, and a small contingent of German military advisers.
The Russians, commanded personally by Tsar Vasili III of Russia, laid a six-week siege in January–February 1513, but Grand Hetman Konstanty Ostrogski repelled the attack. Another four-week siege followed in August–September 1513. In May 1514, Vasili III again led his army against Smolensk. This time the Russian army included a number of artillerymen, brought from the Holy Roman Empire by Michael Glinski.
After a few months of rehearsing, the ensemble was ready for their concert début. This also proved problematic because none of the bandurists had the money to pay the rent required for a concert hall in Kyiv. This obstacle was overcome by the direct intervention of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky. Before their first independent concert, they had a chance of performing as a group at the Hetman's Palace.
Subsequently Sulyma's forces attacked several other Polish outposts in the region, such as at Cherkasy and Korsun. Soon afterwards, however, his forces were defeated by the army of hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski at Ostrów Dnieprowski. Koniecpolski was also aided by the loyal registered Cossacks. (According to other sources, there was no significant battle, and the Cossacks surrendered as soon as sizeable Polish forces entered Ukraine).
Ivan Briukhovetsky (, , ) (died 18 June 1668) was a hetman of Left-bank Ukraine from 1663 to 1668. In the early years of rule his was positioned as pro-Russian policies incited a rebellion which he later joined in an attempt to salvage his reputation and authority. Later leader of the . His assessments as a rule differ in the part of Ukrainian historians which are supporters Petro Doroshenko.
Wacław Rzewuski was born 15 December 1784 in Lwów. He was the son of field Hetman Seweryn Rzewuski whose family held enormous estates in Ukraine, and Princess Konstancja Małgorzata Lubomirska of the influential Lubomirski family. His parents moved the family to Vienna after the Third Partition of Poland and he was educated at the elite Theresianum. In 1806 he married Alexandra, another descendant of the Lubomirski family.
Mazeppa is a national park in Central Queensland, Australia, 821 km northwest of Brisbane, and 75 km north-west of Clermont. Named after Hetman Ivan Mazepa, the hero of the poem Mazeppa by Lord Byron. The predominant vegetation is gidgee scrub with some brigalow scrub and open eucalypt woodland. Bush camping is possible within the park once a permit is obtained and fee paid.
Lund 1909. His three sons, Hryhory, Ivan and Opanas went into exile with Mazepa. His daughter Hanna Hertsyk was the wife of Hetman Pylyp Orlyk, Maria was the wife of the Host secretary Volodymyr Maksymovych, and Chrystyna was the wife of the colonel Hryhory Novytsky, who was eventually exiled to Siberia. Hryhory Hertsyk was responsible for moving Ivan Mazepa's body from Bender to Galatz.
The town came under Polish control in May 1919, seven months after the re- establishment of independent Poland, confirmed by the Paris Peace Conference in June 1919 and the Peace of Riga in 1921. It was a county (powiat) seat located in the Lwów Voivodeship. In the interwar period the 6th Cavalry Regiment of the Polish Army, named after hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, was stationed in the town.
Therefore, all Ukrainian political parties reacted sharply negatively to killing Eichhorn. Even the Ukrainian press wrote about the incident as the action of Russian SRs alone. Boris Donskoy commemoration was promoted by Borbysts as a decisive moment in downing of the Hetman regime. The party was organizing its own peasant insurgent squads and created its own Military=Revolutionary Headquarters announcing a major uprising on October 15, 1918.
Hetman (Pavlo Polubotok?), 1720s Ivan Nikitin was born in Moscow to a family of an Orthodox priest. He received his first artistic lessons from a Dutch artist Schwonbek at the engraving shop of the Kremlin Armoury. In 1711 the Armory together with Ivan Nikitin was moved to Saint Petersburg. In 1716–1720 he and his brother Roman Nikitin were sent to Italy by Peter the Great.
Stanisław Zamoyski (1519-1572) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic). He was Łowczy of Chełmno since 1561, castellan of Chełmno since 1566, Court Hetman of the Crown and starost of Belz. He was married to Anna Herburt and had three children with her: Jan Zamoyski, Feliks Zamoyski and Anna Zamoyska. He was later married to Anna Orzechowska with whom he had two children: Elżbieta Zamoyska and Zofia Zamoyska.
Ionova was born on May 31, 1978 in Kiev. In 1999, she completed her insurance management studies at the Wadym Hetman National University of Economics in Kiev and subsequently worked as a manager of Apifarm UK Limited . In 2000 she graduated in Foreign Economics at the Kiev International Technical University. From December 2001 she worked as deputy director of the company BM-2000 in Kiev.
During the reign of the last Hetman of Ukraine, Kirill Razumovsky, many of the Cossack Hetmanate's towns such as Hlukhiv, Baturyn and Koselets had grandiose projects built by Andrey Kvasov. Russia eventually conquered the south of Ukraine and Crimea, and renamed them as New Russia. New cities such as Nikolayev, Odessa, Kherson and Sevastopol were founded. These would contain notable examples of Imperial Russian architecture.
Sukhetskyi played in the Ukrainian Amateur Football League in 2010 with FC Sokil Zolochiv.In 2011, he played abroad in the IV liga with KS Hetman Włoszczowa.Throughout his tenure in the IV liga he played with M.K.S. Orlicz Suchedniów, M.K.S. Pilica Przedbórz, and M.K.S. Halniak Maków Podhalański.In 2016, he returned to the Ukrainian Amateur Football League to play with FC Nyva Ternopil, and later with FC Agron-OTG.
From 1625 to 1629 he took part in military expeditions for Hetman Stanislaw Koniecpolski. Then he settled at the court of Sieradz as a wealthy citizen (perhaps he was Albert Lubienski-Makovetski Sieradzki). Between 1629 and 1633, Baryka wrote a Carnival comedy about a peasant who was turned into king (Z chłopa król). It was first staged as it was in 1633, and finally printed in 1637.
Afterward, he was elected Hetman for several more years. In 1599 Samiylo Kishka helped the Polish king in a war with the Walachians in Moldova, where he organized land raids. In 1600 Samiylo Kishka started negotiations with King Sigismund III Vaza and managed to reach Poland's recognition of the Cossacks as a social status. Additionally, the King supported a campaign against the Crimean Khanate.
Recall the famous death of Chivalrous Cossacks Not to lose vainly Our youth. :Soul and body ... Oh Bohdan, Bohdan Our great hetman What for did you give Ukraine To wretched muscovites?! To return her honor, We lay our heads We shall call ourselves Ukraine's Faithful sons! :Soul and body ... Our Slavic brothers Already took up arms No one shall see That we should stay behind.
Along with Stefan Czarniecki arrived the Polish Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski – Field Crown Hetman since 1658, who approached Grudziądz fortress in mid-August. (While some sources name Lubomirski the commander, others name general Krzysztof Grodzicki). Poles gave the Swedes an opportunity to surrender, but expecting to be relieved, they refused. After a week-long siege the Poles defeated the Swedes on 29–30 August 1659.
A semicircle of field fortifications was created. The fortress was behind the fortifications and Dniester River bordered the fortifications. The circle was divided into three sections: right, commanded by Hetman Chodkiewicz; central, commanded by Prince Władysław; and left, under Regimentarz Lubomirski. In addition, two fortified camps were set in front of the main defence line: the Cossacks' and the mercenaries' (the famous Lisowczycy unit).
New schools were established, including a ballet school in connection with the foundation of the theater.Jacek Kusznier, Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej, "Maszyny Elektryczne – Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 163-164 (in Polish) On 19 November 1748 marries Izabella Poniatowska as his third wife Hetman Jan Klemens Branicki. Białystok received its city charter on 1 February 1749 from King Augustus III of Poland.
Grand Hetman of the Crown, Jan Zamoyski, led the defence of Kraków in 1587 The 1587 Siege of Kraków took place between 14 October and 29 November 1587, after the contested 1587 Polish–Lithuanian royal election, which resulted in a double selection of opposing candidates - Zygmunt Waza was elected by the nobility on the 19th of August, while another faction of the gentry chose Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria, on the 22nd of August. Maximillian attempted to enforce his election by force, leading to the War of the Polish Succession (1587-1588), and in the course of the campaign besieged the city of Kraków. Kraków was defended by the hetman Jan Zamoyski, and a general attack by the pro-Austrian forces was repelled on 22 November. Many affluent burghers of German background participated directly in the defense against "the German enemies", while others donated funds for the city's defense.
Sigismund, criticized by the Sejm (the Polish parliament made up of the szlachta, who were always reluctant to levy taxes upon themselves to pay for any military force) for his failure to keep Moscow, received little funding for the army. This led to a mutiny of the Polish regular army (wojsko kwarciane), or rather to the specific semi-legal form of mutiny practiced in the Commonwealth: a konfederacja (confederatio). The resulting konfederacja rohaczewska was considered the largest and most vicious of the soldiers' konfederacja's in the history of the Commonwealth, and it pillaged Commonwealth territories from 1612 until the most rebellious of the konfederate's were defeated on 17 May 1614 at the Battle of Rohatyn, whereupon the rest received their wages. The leader of the konfederacja, Jan Karwacki, was captured and sent in chains by the future hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski to his mentor, hetman Żółkiewski, and later executed in Lwów.
During subsequent negotiations, Sulyma was turned over to the Commonwealth by Cossack elders or starshina (Illyash Karayimovych and Ivan Barabas). Together with five other leaders of his rebellion, Hetman Sulyma was taken to Warsaw, in time for his case to be debated by the second Sejm of 1635. Hetman Koniecpolski promised him he would not be executed, and at first, the Polish King Władysław IV Waza, known for his friendly attitude towards the Cossacks, was also hesitant to execute Sulyma, especially since he was a person upon whom the Pope himself bestowed his medal. However, pressured by the nobility who wanted to show that no rebellions against the 'established order' would be tolerated, and the Ottoman envoy, the order for an execution was given; after being tortured, Sulyma was cut to pieces and his body parts were hung on the city walls of Warsaw on 12 December 1635.
The Cossacks considered the Vilnius agreement a breach of the contract they had entered into at Pereiaslav. For the Muscovite tsar, the Pereiaslav Agreement signified the unconditional submission of his new subjects; the Ukrainian hetman considered it a conditional contract from which one party could withdraw if the other was not upholding its end of the bargain. The Ukrainian hetman Ivan Vyhovsky, who succeeded Khmelnytsky in 1657, believed the Tsar was not living up to his responsibility. Accordingly, he concluded a treaty with representatives of the Polish king, who agreed to re-admit Cossack Ukraine by reforming the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth to create a third constituent, comparable in status to that of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Union of Hadiach provoked a war between the Cossacks and the Muscovites/Russians that began in the fall of 1658. In June 1659, the two armies met near the town of Konotop.
History at the Nicoriță parish site The present church was built between 1626 and 1629, Lista Monumentelor Istorice 2010: Județul Iași on the ruins of the old one. Its ktitor was hetman Nicoară, adviser and brother- in-law to Prince Miron Barnovschi-Movilă; the co-founder was his wife Todosia. Two legends surround the building of the church. One holds that Miron asked Nicoară to supervise construction of the Barnovschi Church.
In the Battle of Prostki on 8 October 1656, Bogusław's forces were decimated by the Commonwealth forces under Hetman Wincenty Korwin Gosiewski. Radziwiłł himself was captured by the Tatars, who initially enslaved him and wanted to transport him to Crimea. After fierce discussions with the Tatar commanders, he was handed over to Gosiewski. Boguslaw married Anna Maria Radziwiłł, the only daughter of his relative and collaborator, the late prince Janusz.
Hiberna in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was also known as "chleb zimowy" (winters bread) and it was an obligation to guarantee accommodation for troops during winter time. It was an obligation of Królewszczyzna (crown lands) and church estates. Initially it was paid-in-kind, in 1649-1652 it was a targeted tax to support the troops collected by Grand Crown Hetman. Over time hiberna absorbed some other taxes (e.g.
Four sandstone portals lead to the vestibule. On the left side there is the main staircase, which has walls and ceiling covered by azure Dutch tiles. There are various portraits on the walls, including those of the last Polish king Stanisław II Augustus, Hetman Stefan Czarniecki and king John III Sobieski. The stairs lead to the first floor, where the residential White Hall is located - formerly a ballroom and a chapel.
The Battle of Okhmativ or Battle of Ochmatów () of 30 January 1644 refers to the engagement between the Polish forces under hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski and the horde of Crimean Tatars under Tugay Bey. Koniecpolski dealt a crushing defeat to Tugay Bey's forces near Okhmativ. This was the greatest Polish victory over the Tatars in the first half of the 17th century, and brought international fame and recognition to Koniecpolski.
Soldiers and tax collectors provoked resistance and the church resisted Muscovite influence. The Truce of Andrusovo (1667) seemed a Russian betrayal of cossack interests. A series of revolts broke out. Bruikovetsky back pedaled. In the spring of 1668, as Doroshenko's forces crossed the Dnieper, Bruikovetsky was beaten to death by a mob. 1668-72: Mnohohrishny and Left Bank Autonomy: On 9 June 1668 Doroshenko proclaimed himself hetman of a united Ukraine.
Samoylovych was blamed, removed, and exiled to Siberia. 1687–1709: Mazepa and Stability: With the election of Ivan Mazepa as hetman, the Ruin effectively came to an end, and the history of the left bank merged with the Hetmanate as part of Russia. With the start of the Great Northern War in 1700, Russian demands began to seem excessive. In 1708 Mazepa allied himself with Charles XII of Sweden.
The Polish cavalry charge got bogged down in the nearby swamps, and the Cossack counter-attack inflicted upon them serious casualties, turning the engagement into a siege of a new fortified camp. After several days the Cossacks removed Zhmaylo from command, and so negotiations began. Zhmaylo was replaced by Hetman Mykhailo Doroshenko who signed the Treaty of Kurukove with the Poles on 5 November 1625 (Podhorodecki gives 6 November).
Khmelnytsky threw most of his resources into recruiting more fighters. He sent emissaries to Crimea, enjoining the Tatars to join him in a potential assault against their shared enemy, the Commonwealth. By April 1648 word of an uprising had spread throughout the Commonwealth. Either because they underestimated the size of the uprising,Chirovsky, Nicholas: "The Lithuanian-Rus' commonwealth, the Polish domination, and the Cossack-Hetman State", page 176. Philosophical Library, 1984.
Motor supporters have friendly relations with fans of Śląsk Wrocław, Górnik Łęczna and Hetman Zamość. Their traditional rivals were city rivals KS Lublinianka, although this rivalry is no longer upheld. They have local rivalries with Avia Świdnik, Stal Stalowa Wola, and Radomiak Radom. Motor fans have rivalries with fans of many higher division teams too such as Widzew Łódź, Lechia Gdańsk and both the Kraków teams, Wisła, and Cracovia.
78 when according to legend the Lithuanian forces were inspired by the sight of their patron saint, Saint Casimir, the older brother of Sigismund. However, this was dubbed by historians as a folk tale. In 1522, a truce was signed between Lithuania and Muscovy which extended until 1534. In 1534, when Grand Hetman Jerzy Radziwiłł and the Tatars pillaged western Russia, the Muscovites in retaliation invaded Lithuania once more.
Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky After the Union of Lublin in 1569 Cherkasy became a part of Poland. Cherkasy Regiment, which was created in 1625, played a big role in history of the city. During the Khmelnytsky Uprising the regiment became administrative-territorial subdivision (until 1686). During that time Cherkasy's Regiment was one of the most powerful military units and took part in all of the battles for Bohdan Khmelnytsky army.
However, the lack of clear support by key accomplice Austria meant an eventual uprising had to be delayed. In 1657, Parchevich was received by Cossack hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, whom he visited on a special mission. In the same year, he was granted the noble title of baron by the Habsburgs owing to his merits in defending Christianity. As an Austrian noble, he was styled Peter Freiherr von Parchevich.
He spent almost his entire life in Poland and considered it his other Motherland and wrote about that in his Description of Sarmatian Europe. During his years of service Guanini was close to the Great Hetman Lithuanian and at the end of it he was closely connected with the court of Cracow Archbishop. He was referred in front of the Polish Sejm by the first persons of European states.
An uprising arose in the Siever Ukraine where Vyhovsky stationed few Polish garrisons. During the uprising perished a Ukrainian nobleman Yuri Nemyrych who was considered the original author of the Hadyach Treaty. Together with the Uman colonel Mykhailo Khanenko Sirko has led a full scale uprising throughout Ukraine. The mutinied Cossacks requested Vyhovsky to surrender the hetman's attributes and reelect Khmelnitsky's son Yurii once again as the true hetman of Ukraine.
A commission led by voivode Adam Kisiel (Kisel) is sent by the Commonwealth to negotiate with Chmielnicki, which Skrzetuski joins. The commission is rudely received by the Cossack hetman at Perejasław (Pereyaslav), despite giving him a baton from the King. Chmielnicki is pleased to see Jan and promises him 200 Cossack horsemen to accompany him to Kyiv (Kiev) and beyond. An armistice is concluded but Cossack attacks continue.
46 who held several administrative positions within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: Voivode of Vilnius, Grand Lithuanian Chancellor, and Grand Hetman of Lithuania. Alternate renditions of his name include , , and . His first name is sometimes given in English as Nicholas. Mikołaj was able to gain much political influence thanks to the romance between his cousin Barbara Radziwiłł and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Zygmunt II August.
Nakoulma's former clubs were Stal Stalowa Wola and Hetman Zamość. In July 2010, he was loaned to Widzew Łódź on a one-year deal. He returned to Łęczna one-year later, only to be immediately loaned to Górnik Zabrze, again on a one-year contract. After having scored 9 goals in the 2011–12 campaign while on loan, Nakoulma signed a permanent contract with Górnik Zabrze in July 2012.
On 4 March 1918 the Ukrainian government accepted the law about the administrative-territorial division of Ukraine. The law stated that Ukraine is divided into 32 zemlia (land) which are administrated by their respective zemstvo. This law was not fully implemented as on 29 April 1918 there was the anti-socialist coup in Kyiv, after which Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky reverted the reform back to the guberniya-type administration.
The fortress had the Lopanski Gates. In 1689 the fortress was expanded and included the Saint-Pokrov Cathedral and Monastery which was baptized and became the center of local eparchy. Coincidentally in the same year in the vicinity of Kharkiv in Kolomak, Ivan Mazepa was announced the Hetman of Ukraine. Next to the Saint-Pokrov Cathedral was located the Kharkiv Collegiate that was transferred from Belgorod to Kharkiv in 1726.
Soon he and Ivan Fedorov had to leave Moscow. They opened a new print shop in Zabludovo (Grand Duchy of Lithuania, now Hrodna region in Belarus) on the premises of the estate of hetman Jeremi Chodkiewicz. Here Mstislavets and Fedorov printed The Gospel (Учительное евангелие) in 1568–1569. In the summer of 1569 Mstislavets left for Vilnius and soon opened a print shop, equipped and financed by merchants Mamonichs.
The Holy Virgin protecting the Ukrainian cossack hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky (at the right of image). Late 17 to early 18th century, Ukraine. The Feast of the Intercession commemorates the miracle as a joyous revelation of the Theotokos' protection, which is spread over the world, and the Mother of God’s great love for mankind. It is a religious holy day or feast day of the Byzantine Rite Eastern Orthodox Churches.
In Warsaw he opened a workshop for artists. Some of his paintings glorifying Poland over Russia, after Sigismund's successful military campaigns in Muscovy, were destroyed on the orders of Tsar Peter the Great. Most notably one of those paintings depicted Polish commander and Hetman, Stanisław Żółkiewski, leading a line of left over Russian prisoners after the Battle of Klushino, where the Polish army completely annihilated the enemy. He died in Kraków.
"The Moonlit Road" is a gothic horror short story by American Civil War soldier, wit, and writer Ambrose Bierce. It first appeared in a 1907 issue of Cosmopolitan magazine, illustrated by Charles B. Falls. This story is presented in three parts and relates the tale of the murder of Julia Hetman from the perspective of her son, a man who may be her husband, and Julia herself, through a medium.
The first historical document mentioning Biała Podlaska dates to 1481. In the beginning Biała Podlaska belonged to the Illnicz family. The founder of the city may have been Piotr Janowicz, nicknamed "Biały" (Polish for "white"), who was the hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Biała Podlaska was at the time a part of Brest Litovsk Voivodeship in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (then in union with Poland).
Their family's appearance near Smolensk corresponds to that. The creator of the fortune and power of the Sapieha family was the Court and Great Chancellor and Great Hetman of Lithuania, Lew Sapieha. The princely title of the Sapieha-Kodenski branch was recognized in Poland in 1572 and in Austria-Hungary in 1845, while that of the Sapieha-Rozanski line was officially acknowledged in Russia in 1880.Enache, Nicolas.
Count Franciszek Wielopolski (died 1732) was a Polish noble (szlachcic). He was the son of Deputy and Grand Chancellor Jan Wielopolski and Konstancja Krystyna Komorowska. He married Teresa Magdalena Tarło and in 1711 Anna Lubomirska, the daughter of Court Marshal and Hetman Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski. He was General starost of Kraków from 1688, Wielkorządca of Kraków from 1708, voivode of Sieradz Voivodship from 1720 and of Kraków Voivodship from 1728.
On September 9, 1917 he was suspended from command of the 10th Army moving to the reserve at the headquarters of Kiev. After the October Revolution, he moved to Don, where he was asked to join the volunteer Army. In early 1918 he was appointed representative at the Hetman of Ukraine. In 1919 he emigrated to Sofia, then moved to Nice where he died on 2 March 1956.
Hetman Białystok (formerly known as Gwardia Białystok) is a Polish football club based in Podlaskie Voivodeship.Hetman Białystok web page They play in the Division IV or the (4th) League. Lowlanders Białystok is a football club, based in Białystok, that plays in the Polish American Football League () PLFA I Conference. The Lowlanders were the champions of the PLFA II Conference in 2010 with a perfect season (8 wins in eight meetings).
Lubomirski was the son of Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and Konstancja Ligęza. He was married to Zofia Opalińska, the daughter of Court Marshal Łukasz Opaliński, in 1669 and to Elżbieta Doenhoff in 1676. He was Podstoli of the Crown from 1669, Court Marshal of the Crown from 1673, Grand Marshal of the Crown from 1676 and starost of Spisz. Lubomirski fought in wars against Sweden and Hungary.
In 1658 Balaban was forced to relocate his see to Chyhyryn due to occupation of Kiev by the Muscovite troops. At the same time his place in Kiev was kept (locum tenens) by the bishop of Chernihiv Lazar Baranovych. Metropolitan Balaban supported policies of Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky and was an co- author of the 1658 Treaty of Hadiach. In 1663 he accepted monastic vows of Yuriy Khmelnytskyi to the Kaniv Monastery.
At some point, the king with the royal court turned southwards, to Nowy Wisnicz and Nowy Sacz, while the army of Lanckoronski joined units under Hetman Potocki. Swedish king Charles Gustav, who commanded the siege of Krakow, decided to chase the Poles, leaving Arvid Wittenberg with 8,000 soldiers in Krakow. Charles Gustav had app. 5,000 soldiers, mostly infantry, while Polish units were more numerous, including the hussars under Stanislaw Koniecpolski.
On July 4, 1610, he fought in the Battle of Klushino, after which he rushed with Aleksander Zborowski and Mikolaj Scibor Marchocki to King Zygmunt III Waza, presenting to him captured flags of the enemy (July 17). In the spring of 1612, together with 1000 infantry and 3000 cavalry, Strus joined forces of Lithuanian Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, which was sent to reinforce Commonwealth garrison of the Moscow Kremlin.
Yakov Fyodorovich Barabash (; Yakiv Federovych Barabash () died in September 1658) was a Zaporozhian Cossack Otaman (1657–58) who opposed Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky. In 1657 he and Poltava polkovnyk Martyn Pushkar led a pro-Muscovy revolt against Vyhovsky, who was generally pro-Polish in his policies. The revolt ended in June 1658 near Poltava, when Vyhovsky and his cossacks defeated the rebellion. Barabash was later captured and executed for his crimes.
South of the town was a lake with a castle located by its shore. In October 1672, during the Polish–Ottoman War, the Battle of Niemirow took place here, between forces of Hetman Sobieski, and Crimean Tatars, who plundered southeastern Poland. Memory of Sobieski's victory remained vivid among local residents. In the late 18th century, a figure of Christ was placed on a hill where Polish soldiers were buried in 1672.
Michał Czajkowski was born in Halchyn (Halczyniec) to Stanisław Czajkowski and Petronela Głębocka, in a szlachta family settled in Ukraine for several generations. The Czajkowskis had origins in Czajki in Masovia, while the Głębockis were an old family from Kuyavia. Through his mother he was a descendant of the Ukrainian Cossack Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky (reigned 1663–68). According to Michał Czajkowski, his mother was the hetman's great- granddaughter.
In 1494, Mantigirdaitis was sent on the diplomatic mission to negotiate peace with the Grand Duchy of Moscow and marriage of Helena of Moscow to Alexander to end the First Muscovite–Lithuanian War. Mantigirdaitis is mentioned as the first Great Hetman of Lithuania. The Bychowiec Chronicle describes how Grand Duke Alexander visited ailing Mantigirdaitis in Trakai and asked for his recommendations for a successor. Mantigirdaitis recommended Konstantin Ostrogski.
After an unsuccessful assault on Vítkov Hill, the crusaders decided to attack the local Hussites' position. In August 1420, Hetman Jan Žižka left Prague with relief forces and headed to Písek, which was in danger from crusaders under the command of Oldřich from Rožmberk. 15 September 1420 saw the beginning of a second siege of Vysehrad. In the last days of October, the commandant of the castle accepted a capitulation arrangement.
After the battle, rebel forces under Aleksander Zborowski appeared at Tsaryovo- Zaymishche. After Hetman Zolkiewski had personally guaranteed payment of their salaries, Zborowski’s soldiers joined his army. Meanwhile Russian survivors of the battle retreated to a fortified camp, which was surrounded by 700 Polish cavalry, 800 infantry and 3.000 Cossacks. After a few days, the Russians surrendered, and Commonwealth forces immediately marched towards Klushino (see Battle of Klushino).
Rozalia Lubomirska (16 September 1768 in Chernobyl – 29 June 1794 in Paris) was a Polish noblewoman, most noted for her death. Born Countess Rozalia Chodkiewicz, she was the daughter of Count Jan Mikołaj Chodkiewicz and Countess Maria Ludwika Rzewuska, who was a daughter of hetman and writer Wacław Rzewuski. She was married in 1787 (at the age of 19) to Prince Aleksander Lubomirski. A year later she bore their daughter, Aleksandra.
He founded the Catholic church of John the Baptist and started construction of the Orthodox church, which was completed by his successor – his son, count Władysław Grzegorz Branicki. The latter also built the gymnasium-school complex in Bila Tserkva. Aleksander Branicki, the youngest grandson of the hetman, renovated and finished Mazepa's Orthodox church. Under the rule of count Władysław Michał Branicki, Bila Tserkva developed into a regional commercial and manufacturing centre.
Around April 21–22, 1648, word of an uprising had spread through the Commonwealth. Either because they underestimated the size of the uprising,Chirovsky, Nicholas: "The Lithuanian-Rus' Commonwealth, the Polish Domination, and the Cossack-Hetman State", page 176. Philosophical Library, 1984. or because they wanted to act quickly to prevent it from spreading,Terletskyi, Omelian: "History of the Ukrainian Nation, Volume II: The Cossack Cause", page 75. 1924.
The majority of the Commonwealth forces either died in battle or were killed shortly thereafter. Stefan Potocki was wounded, taken prisoner of war and died from gangrene on May 19, 1648. His advisor, Stefan Czarniecki, was also taken prisoner, although he managed to escape soon thereafter. Bolstered by their victory, the Cossack and Tatar forces engaged with the troops of Hetman Mikołaj Potocki and defeated them at the Battle of Korsuń.
The otaman was elected by a council of elder officers (the ) of the Zaporozhian Host.Коновалець Євген The position contained the highest military, administrative, and judicial powers. Until the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate the title was interchangeably used with Hetman. During military campaigns, powers of an otaman were virtually unrestricted, but in peacetime he addressed the most important military and political issues he addressed to the and other military councils.
It was created in 1548 by Crown Hetman Jan Tarnowski as one link in a chain of fortifications encircling his residence, the Tarnopol Castle. In the 16th century the pond stretched for up to the high dam carrying the Lwów Highway. At the beginning of the 20th century, the pond was leased by Ternopil businessman Volodymyr Trach, who exported fish to Poland. In addition it was also used for fish breeding.
The new unit consisted of 1200 men and was divided into an infantry regiment, an artillery battery and a technical unit. In Bila Tserkva, the Sich Riflemen led the revolt against hetman Skoropadsky and the ranks of the unit increased by November 1918 to 11,000. Later the two other Dnieper and Black Sea divisions joined the unit. In November 1918 with new recruits the ranks of the Riflemen swelled to 25,000.
Peter I had adopted scorched earth tactics, rendering the Swedish march against Moscow ever more difficult. During a council of war, Charles, Rehnskiöld, Piper and Gyllenkrok concluded that the army would go south to Severia, in the direction of Little Russia. There the Swedes would be able to establish reliable winter quarters and receive supplies and reinforcements through Charles' alliance with Ivan Mazepa, Hetman of the Zaporozhian Cossacks.Konow (2001), pp.
Samiylo Kishka (approximately 1530 — 1602Голобуцький П. Кішка Самійло… — С. 341.(1620)) was a nobleman from Bratslav. He was a kish otaman and Hetman of Zaporozhian Sich (1574 — 1575, 1599 — 1602). Samiylo Kishka headed the Cossack army in a range of sea campaigns against the Turks, Moldovan raids, the Livonian campaign (1600-1603), as well as a number of maritime campaigns against the Crimean Khanate: Gezlev, Izmail, Ochakiv, and Ackerman.
PDE7B is a mammalian gene that encodes a 3'5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) that converts 3'5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) to 5'AMP as part of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways Hetman, J.M., Soderling, S.H., Glavas, N.A., and Beavo, J.A. (2000). Cloning and characterization of PDE7B, a cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97, 472-476.Sasaki, T., Kotera, J., Yuasa, K., and Omori, K. (2000).
On 19 January 2017, Słotwiński signed one-and-a-half year contract with Motor Lublin. On 12 July 2018, he signed a new one-year deal with Motor, keeping him at the club until the end of the 2018–19 season. On 11 December 2018, his contract was terminated by mutual agreement. In January 2019, he signed a contract with Hetman Zamość until the end of the 2018–19 season.
The Fall of the Hetman. Petliurism. Bolshevism.. Peter Arshinov, History of the Makhnovist Movement (1918-1921), 1923. Black & Red, 1974 On December 26, Makhno's detachments together with the armed detachments of the Yekaterinoslav Provincial Committee of the Bolshevik Party kicked the Petliurists out of Yekaterinoslav. However, taking advantage of the carelessness of the rebel command, the Petliurites returned, and after two or three days expelled the Makhnovists from the city.
26th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment of Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz (Polish: 26 Pułk Ułanów Wielkopolskich, im. Hetmana Jana Karola Chodkiewicza, 26 puł) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic. Formed in July 1920, it fought both in the Polish-Soviet War and the 1939 Invasion of Poland. The regiment, named after Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, was garrisoned in the town of Baranowicze (now Belarus), with its reserve squadron garrisoned in Lukow. In 1939, it belonged to Nowogrodzka Cavalry Brigade. Nowogródzka BK w 1938 The history of the regiment dates back to July 1920, when Count Ignacy Mielzynski formed in Poznan the 215th Volunteer Regiment of Greater Poland Cavalry. Its name was later changed into the 26th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment, and the unit was after Polish-Soviet War moved to Baranowicze, near the pre-1939 border between Poland and Soviet Russia. On October 16, 1936, Minister of Military Affairs, General Tadeusz Kasprzycki, named the regiment after Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz.
A monument to Chodkiewicz in Kretinga, present day Lithuania In 1937, Polish historian Wanda Dobrowolska, wrote in her Polish Biographical Dictionary entry on Chodkiewicz that he was one of the chief members of the "Great Hetman era", renowned for his talent as a strategist and organizer. She notes that Chodkiewicz possessed an iron will, which he was able to impose on the troops under his command, and that he was an efficient commander, although more respected and feared than beloved by his troops. Dobrowolska notes that he was an energetic and explosive antithesis of the composed Żółkiewski, another great hetman of this era, whom Chodkiewicz disliked and competed with throughout his life. Chodkiewicz was not particularly involved in the politics of the Commonwealth, although his high office and wealth gave him significant influence; for the most part he used his political influence, and base of support in Lithuania, to gather support for his military plans, increased the size of the army, and personal gratifications.
In July 1660, tsar Alexis I of Russia ordered Vasily Sheremetev to resume the sporadic Russo-Polish War (1654–1667), and push the Poles west, taking Lwów (Lviv) and securing disputed Ukrainian territories for Russia. In September 1660, the commander of the Russian army, Sheremetev – acting on misleading information greatly underestimating the numerical strength of the Polish army – decided to seek out and destroy the Polish forces with what he believed would be overwhelming strength (15,000 Russian soldiers and 15,000–35,000 of his Cossack allies).Ossoliński, 1995, pp.12–20 Sheremetev's major tactical error was to advance relying on outdated and sparse intelligence reports, and without adequate scouting;Ossoliński, 1995, pp.9–10 he expected only a weak army of 10,000 (in fact, it numbered only about 7,000) under Great Crown Hetman Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki, and was unaware it was soon to be reinforced by about 12,000 men under Field Crown Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski who had recently defeated Russian army in Lithuania.
Prince Aleksander Koniecpolski (1620-1659) was a Polish nobleman. He became the Grand Standard-Bearer of the Crown in 1641, the Palatine of Sandomierz Voivodeship in 1656, and the Starost of Perejasław, Korsun, Płoskirow and Dolina. He was the son of the famous hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski. During the Chmielnicki Uprising, he was elected as one of the regimentarz of Pospolite ruszenie and took part in the losing battle of Pyliavtsi in 1648.
When western Prussia was transferred to victorious Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), which ended the Thirteen Years' War, Königsberg became the new capital of the reduced monastic state, which became a fief of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom. The grand masters took over the quarters of the marshal. During the Polish-Teutonic War (1519–1521), Königsberg was unsuccessfully besieged by Polish forces led by Grand Crown Hetman Mikołaj Firlej.
In 1659 he fought in Polish occupied Ukraine under the command of Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki and Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski. From 1664 he was the voivode (governor) of Ruthenia and in later years he fought against the invading Turks and Tatars, alongside with Hetman John Sobieski (future King John III). He took part in the Polish-Cossack-Tatar War of 1666–71, he commanded a unit belonging to Sobieski, most notably, at the battle of Podhajce.
Diplomatically, although Peter offered deals that would return all of the land he captured, save Saint Peterburg and Neva, Charles would not settle for anything less than Swedish victory. Ukraine, fertile and as yet untouched by the war, lay to the south; he also knew that Cossack hetman Ivan Mazepa, who largely controlled Ukraine under Peter, was secretly scheming against his tsar. Thus, the Swedes turned south, and entered Ukraine instead.Hughes, pp.
Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. Hetman of Zaporizhian Cossacks as a title was not officially recognized internationally until the creation of the Cossack Hetmanate. With the creation of Registered Cossacks units their leaders were officially referred to as Senior of His Royal Grace Zaporozhian Host (, Starshyi Yoho Korolivkoyi Mylosti Viyska Zaporozkoho). Before 1648 and the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate there were numerous regional hetmans across the Dnieper-banks, who usually were starostas or voivodes.
In 1713-28 Lyzohub was a Bunchuk General. In 1723-24 he along with Colonel Danylo Apostol and Yesavul General Vasyl Zhurakovsky was imprisoned by Peter the Great in the Peter and Paul Fortress as a members of Pavlo Polubotok's party. After the release Lyzohub was forced to live for sometime in Saint Petersburg. During the hetman rule of Danylo Apostol, in 1728 he was promoted to the rank of Quartermaster General.
' (; ; ) is a political title from Central and Eastern Europe, historically assigned to military commanders. It was the title of the second-highest military commander in the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 16th to 18th centuries. A hetman was the highest military officer in the hetmanates of Ukraine, the Zaporizhian Host (1649–1764), and the Ukrainian State (1918). The title was used by Ukrainian Cossacks from the 16th century.
George, p. 16 According to scholar Octav-George Lecca, Băleanu may have also been designated as governor of Muntenia while Buzescu took over the administration of Oltenia.Lecca, p. 22 Michael then conquered Moldavia from the Movilăs, and Băleanu was again a prominent participant in the events. In May 1600, Michael made him Moldavia's Hetman, as well as one of the country's regents, alongside the Spatharios Negrea, the Armaș Sava, and the Vistier Andronikos Kantakouzenos.
Council of Officers () was composed out of the General Officer Staff and colonels. It took part in the General Military Council. During times of Kyrylo Rozumovsky (1750-64), the Council of Officers completely overtook all functions of the General Military Council. After the death of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, the Council of Officers (, Rada Starshyn) became the main state body that was electing the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host as well as other key administrative state posts.
Officially the leader of Zaporozhian Host never carried the title of hetman, while all leaders of cossacks formations were unofficially referred to as one. The highest body of administration in the Zaporozhian Host was the Sich Rada (council). The council was the highest legislative, administrative, and judicial body of the Zaporozhian Host. Decisions of the council were considered the opinion of the whole host and obligated to its execution each member of the cossack comradeship.
As part of the Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown it was divided into two voivodeships: Kyiv and Bracław. In 1669 Hetman Petro Doroshenko allowed Right-bank Ukraine to be part of the Ottoman Empire. The southernmost Podolia in the right-bank Ukraine was invaded by Ottomans in 1672. The cities of Kyiv and Braclav came under the control of Petro Doroshenko until they were captured by the Turks in 1681.
This took place in Moscow and decided to call for preparations for an armed uprising against the occupying Central Powers forces and Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi’s dictatorship. accessed 24 January 2011 There were only 15 members in the Central Committee and six candidates. It reversed the decision adopted that April by a preliminary council in Tahanroh to established an independent Ukrainian bolshevik party with a membership in the envisaged Third International apart from the Russian party.
After a failed attempt to break the union with Russia by Ivan Mazepa in 1708, the whole area was included into the Government of Kiev and Cossack autonomy was severely restricted. Catherine II of Russia officially abolished the institute of the Hetman in 1764, and in 1764-1781 the Cossack Hetmanate was incorporated as the Little Russia Governorate headed by Pyotr Rumyantsev, with the last remnants of the Hetmanate's administrative system abolished in 1781.
Salacgrīva was captured on August 18, and by late summer, the Swedish Empire controlled Livonia, except for Riga. To save the province, the Commonwealth sent to Livonia forces under Field Hetman of Lithuania, Krzysztof Radziwiłł. He managed to convince Wolmar Farensbach to return to the Polish–Lithuanian side. Radziwill’s forces were inadequate, but thanks to his skills as a commander, the Lithuanians managed to recapture almost all towns and strongholds, except for Pärnu.
On September 19, 1676, Doroshenko surrendered to Samylovych, who declared himself hetman of a united Ukraine. But within two years the Turks drove him back across the Dnieper. Poland and Russia signed the Eternal Peace Treaty of 1686, which again recognized Polish rule of the right bank and removed the Poles from Zaporozhia, a major disappointment for Samoylovych. In 1687, 100,000 Russians and 50,000 Cossacks launched an attack on the Crimea (Crimean campaigns), which failed.
After the peace treaty signed in Toruń in 1466 it came under Polish suzerainty as a fief, remaining part of the Order's State, until the conversion of Grand Master Albert von Hohenzollern to Lutheranism in 1525, whereafter the town became part of the Protestant Duchy of Prussia, also a Polish fief. During the Polish–Teutonic War (1519–21), the town was captured by Polish troops under Hetman Mikołaj Firlej, who confirmed the town privileges.
Oxford University Press, 2007. p 28 Modern Ukrainians still remember and glorify Khmelnytsky's role in the history of Ukraine. Another prominent figure in Cossack nationalism, Hetman Ivan Mazepa (1639-1709), made large financial contributions focused on the restoration of Ukrainian culture and history during the early 18th century. He financed major reconstructions of the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv, and the elevation the Kyiv Mohyla Collegium to the status of Kyiv Mohyla Academy in 1694.
As the groom was away in Lithuania, his role was performed by Kęsgaila. At the start of the Russo- Lithuanian war of 1500–1503, Lithuanians suffered a major defeat in the Battle of Vedrosha. Great Hetman (army commander) Konstanty Ostrogski was captured and was replaced by Semyon Olshanski who had gained military experience during the Polish–Ottoman War (1485–1503). But Olshanski was quickly replaced by Kęsgaila who had no prior military experience.
On January 25, 1648, Khmelnytsky brought a contingent of 400–500 Cossacks to the Zaporizhian Sich and quickly killed the guards assigned by the Commonwealth to protect the entrance. Once at the Sich, his oratory and diplomatic skills struck a nerve with oppressed Ruthenians. As his men repelled an attempt by Commonwealth forces to retake the Sich, more recruits joined his cause. The Cossack Rada elected him Hetman by the end of the month.
On March 24, 1992, Vadym Hetman was accepted as the Chairman of the National Bank of Ukraine. He supervised early monetary reforms in newly independent Ukraine through 1993, when he resigned from his position as the head of the supervisory board of the National Bank. However, he maintained close ties with his successor, Viktor Yushchenko. Hetman's signature appears on the original banknotes of Ukraine's national currency, the hryvnia, which was introduced in September 1996.
Jan Piotr Sapieha, Polish commander of troops stationing in Moscow. Sapieha was known for his ruthlessness towards the Russian people and was nicknamed Pan Hetman, meaning "Mr General". Tsar Vasili Shuyski was unpopular and weak in Russia and his reign was far from stable. He was perceived as anti-Polish; he had led the coup against the first False Dmitry, killing over 500 Polish soldiers in Moscow and imprisoning a Polish envoy.
His loyal service achieved him the rank of military clerk (pisarz wojskowy) of the registered Cossacks in 1637. It happened after capitulation of the Pavlyuk uprising in the town Borowica on 24 December 1637, when field hetman Mikołaj Potocki appointed new Cossack eldership. He had to do it because some of them either joined Pavlyuk or were killed by him (like former military clerk, Teodor Onuszkowicz).Serczyk 2009, p. 49; Serczyk 2008, p.
From spring 1649 onward, the situation turned for the worse for the Cossacks; as Polish attacks increased in frequency, they became more successful. The resulting Treaty of Zboriv on 18 August 1649 was unfavourable for the Cossacks. It was followed by another defeat at the battle of Berestechko on 18 June 1651 in which the Tatars betrayed Khmelnytsky and held the hetman captive. The Cossacks suffered a crushing defeat, with an estimated 30,000 casualties.
Flag of Bohdan Khmelnytsky. Bohdan (Б) Khmelnytsky (Х), hetman (Г) of Army (В) of Zaporozhia (З) and of his (Е) king's (К) majesty (МЛС) of Rzecz Pospolita. After a series of negotiations, it was agreed that the Cossacks would accept overlordship by the Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. To finalize the treaty, a Russian embassy led by boyar Vasily Buturlin came to Pereyaslav, where, on 18 January 1654, the Cossack Rada was called and the treaty concluded.
The Chortomlyk Sich (also Old Sich) is a Zaporozhian Sich founded by the Cossacks led by kish otaman Fedir Lutay in the summer of 1652 on the right bank of the Chortomlyk distributary of the Dnieper near modern village of Kapulivka. The Sich lasted until May 25, 1709, when it was destroyed by the Moscow punitive expedition undertaken in response to a support of Hetman Ivan Mazepa by the of Zaporozhian Cossacks.
A separate category of emigrants were those deported to Moscow by the Russian government for demonstrating anti-Russian sentiment. The deported were brought to Moscow initially for investigation, and then exiled to Siberia, Arkhangelsk or the Solovetsky Islands. Among the deported were Ukrainian cossack luminaries as D. Mhohohrishny, Ivan Samoylovych and Petro Doroshenko. Others include all the family of hetman Ivan Mazepa, A. Vojnarovsky, and those in Mazepa's Cossack forces that returned to Russia.
In July 1654 the Russian army of 41,000 (nominally under the Tsar, but in fact commanded by Princes Yakov Cherkassky, Nikita Odoevsky and Ivan Khovansky) captured the border forts of Bely and Dorogobuzh and laid siege to Smolensk. The Russian position at Smolensk was endangered as long as Great Lithuanian Hetman, Prince Janusz Radziwiłł, with a 10,000 man garrison, held Orsha, slightly to the west. Kubala L. WOJNA MOSKIEWSKA. R. 1654–1655.
The Treaty of Zboriv was signed on August 18, 1649, August 18, 1649 the Zboriv Peace was signed, which marked the founded of the ukrainian state - Hetmanate. after the Battle of Zboriv when the Crown forces of about 25,000 led by king John II Casimir of Poland clashed against a combined force of Cossacks and Crimean Tatars, led by hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky and khan İslâm III Giray of Crimea respectively, which numbered about 80,000.
View of Belgorod in 1912 Soviet power was established in the city on 26 October (November 8), 1917. On 10 April 1918, troops of the Imperial German Army occupied Belgorod. After the conclusion of the Brest-Litovsk peace treaty of 9 February 1918 the demarcation line passed to the north of the city. Belgorod became part of the newly proclaimed Ukrainian People's Republic (February to May 1918) and Ukrainian State headed by Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi.
He joined the Basilian monastic order in 1626 and then studied in Prussia (1626–1632) and Olomouc, Moravia (1632–1636). After several postings he was brought to Kholm as a lecturer at the gymnasium and assistant to Bishop Metodii Terletskyi. When the bishop died in 1649, he became administrator and then bishop (1652) of the Kholm eparchy. In the wake of Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky’s uprising, Susha proved to be an exceptional diplomat.
Konstanty Iwanowicz Ostrogski (c. 1460 – 10 August 1530; , , Kostjantyn Ostroz'kyj, , also known under his Ruthenian name Vasyl-Kostjantyn Ostroz'kyj and modern Belarusian transliteration Kanstancin Astrožski) was a prince and magnate of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later a Grand Hetman of Lithuania from 11 September 1497 until his death. He started his military career under king John I of Poland. He took part in successful campaigns against the Tatars and Grand Duchy of Moscow.
The Battle of Krasnobród took place on 5 and 6 October 1672, during the Polish-Ottoman War. It was part of Jan III Sobieski’s autumn expedition, aimed at destruction of mounted Tatar units, which plundered southeastern provinces of the Kingdom of Poland. In early October 1676, Hetman Jan Sobieski was stationed in Krasnystaw. On 5 October after finding out that several Tatar units were plundering the area of Zamosc, he decided to destroy them.
Barbara was the youngest child of Jerzy Radziwiłł, Voivode of Trakai and Vilnius and Great Lithuanian Hetman, and his wife Barbara Kolanka, daughter of Voivode of Podolia. Her exact birth date is unknown. It is known that she was born on 6 December, but the year is not known. Historians usually provide either 1520, as recorded in Radziwiłł genealogy found in Nesvizh, or 1523, as recorded on a plaque found in her tomb.
On 1 May 1918 Germans captured the ships remaining in Sevastopol, because the actions of Bolsheviks violated the peace agreement. On 17 June 1918, 1 dreadnought and 6 destroyers returned from Novorossiysk to Sevastopol, where they were also captured. The greater part of the ships remaining in Novorossiysk were destroyed by their own crews on Lenin's command. In July–November 1918 Germans gradually transferred many ships to the command of Ukrainian government (Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi).
Eventually, Sulyma reached the rank of the hetman, which he held from 1628 to 1629 and 1630 to 1635. In 1635, after returning from an expedition to Black Sea against the Ottomans, he decided to rebel against the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth, which at that time controlled most of the Cossack territories, and whose nobility was trying to turn militant Cossacks into serfs. Ivan Sulyma took part in numerous campaigns of Sagaidachny against Tatars and Turks.
Prince Dominik Mikołaj Radziwiłł (; 1643-1697) was a Polish–Lithuanian noble (szlachcic) and politician. He was son of Court and Grand Marshal Aleksander Ludwik Radziwiłł and Princess Lucricia Marie Strozzi. He married Anna Marianna Połubienska on 11 October 1660, and in 1692 the daughter of Grand Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, Anna Krystyna Lubomirska. He was Ordynat of Kleck, Deputy Chancellor of Lithuania since 1681 and Grand Chancellor of Lithuania since 1690.
From 1906 to 1917 von Ditmar served as chairman of the Council of Mining Industrialists of Southern Russia. In 1912 he was chosen to sit in the State Council of the Russian Empire, the upper house of the country's quasi-parliament. During the Russian Civil War he supported the anti-communist Hetman of Ukraine Pavlo Skoropadskyi and the White Russian General Anton Denikin. His great-great-granddaughter is the international relations scholar Irina Papkova.
Using a design from top naval architect Bruce Farr, "Hetman Sahaidachny" was built under the direct management of Eugene Platon with advanced aerospace technology. For "Fazisi", Platon was also instrumental in the construction of the vessel. Eugene Platon was the leader of the Russian Project for the 2008-09 Volvo Ocean Race. In 2009 Platon joined as technical expert the SpeedDream project - a quest to build the fastest monohull on the planet.
The town prospered during the Polish Golden Age, when it belonged to Hetman Jan Tarnowski (1488–1561). In the mid-16th century, its population was app. 1,200, with 200 houses located within town's defensive wall (the wall itself had been built in the mid-15th century, and expanded in the early 16th century). In 1467, the waterworks and sewage systems were completed, with large cisterns filled with drinking water built in the main market square.
Polish hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski wrote in his memoirs that the only two things False Dmitris I and II had in common was that "they were both human and usurpers". False Dmitry II was killed in December 1610. Tsarevich Ivan by Leon Wyczółkowski. Marina Mniszech then found herself a protector in the person of ataman Ivan Zarutsky, who would try to support the nomination of her son Ivan (born in January 1611) for the Russian throne.
One urged to decisively replace the autonomy-seeking politicians with the military dictatorship headed by Hetman. Others claimed that it would bring a ruin in society and the coup should be directed exclusively against Russians. Koval also mentioned that in June 1917 Mykola Mikhnovsky joined the organization. The commander of the First Ukrainian regiment Yuriy Kapkan who Mykola Mikhnovsky intended to play an important role in the coup disclosed Mikhnovsky's plans to Volodymyr Vynnychenko.
In June 1672, a 100,000-strong Ottoman army, under Mehmed IV, besieged the city of Kamieniec Podolski, which capitulated after 26 days. The invaders then approached Lwów, which paid a ransom. Mounted Crimean Tatar units penetrated as far as Hrubieszów, Jasło and Biecz. In October 1672, Hetman John Sobieski, upon request of the senators, tried to stop the invaders, defeating them in the Battle of Niemirów, Battle of Komarno, and Battle of Petranka.
In 1774, the Polish King Augustus Stanislaw Poniatowski received the wealthiest in Ukraine Belotserkovsky. On December 13, 1774, the Crown Prince Hetman of Poland Franciszek Ksawery Branicki received land from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Ksawery Branicki received these lands as a reward for the suppression of Cretaceous-Cossack uprisings at Koliivshchyna. His new possessions included the cities of Bila Tserkva and Skvyra, including 134 villages with a population of over 40 thousand people.
It stood on the bank of the Vedz'ma ("Witch") river, surrounded by a moat regulated by a dam. In the centre stood a two-storey palace. Eromin's son, Yan Korol, the hetman of the Great Lithuanian Principality, reconstructed and fortified the castle. The 17th century occupants, the Sapieha family, fortified the castle such that it was the only castle in the region to survive the Cossack Khmelnitzky massacres and subsequent wars with Russia.
The military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth evolved from the merger of the armies of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The army was commanded by the Hetman. The most unusual formation of the army was the heavy cavalry in the form of the Polish winged hussars. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy never played a major role in the military structure, and ceased to exist in the mid-17th century.
On the initiative of Pyotr Rumyantsev the emblem was phased out and replaced with the Russian double-head eagle in 1767. The Cossack with rifle was recovered by the Hetman of Ukraine Pavlo Skoropadskyi in 1918. However, later the emblem disappeared again until in 2005 it reappeared on the proposed Great Seal of Ukraine. According to the Constitution of Ukraine, the emblem has to be included into the Great Seal of Ukraine.
Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski was the central figure among the opposition responsible for the defeat of the royal couple's undertakings and attempted reforms. With his inspiration confederations of unpaid soldiers were established in 1661 in the Crown and in Lithuania. The army confederations lasted for two years, forced the parliament to come up with large sums of money, devastated estates and put an end to what was left of the reform processes.
The popular uprisings there were subdued with great effort, with Hetman Czarniecki dying in the fighting in 1665. The Commonwealth nobility attempted return to their Ukrainian possessions and the warfare caused widespread destruction in Ukraine. In 1665, as the Crown forces were being withdrawn from right-bank Ukraine, the pro-Polish orientation among the Cossacks was greatly diminished and Teteria lost power. Petro Doroshenko During the Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–71), on Dec.
During the winter transfer window Sobczak joined Polonia Warsaw, winning the league and being promoted to the Ekstraklasa in his first season. It is known that Sobczak made 5 appearances for Polonia in the Ekstraklasa that season as Polonia struggled and ended up being relegated back to the II liga. In the final years of his career Sobczak played for Hetman Zamość and Górnik Łęczna. Sobczak retired from playing football in 2001 aged 29.
Ancient Semenivka was founded in 1680 by Colonel Starodub Regiment, son of Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Samoilovych. Semyon Samoylovych was a Cossack sloboda. Though while Semenivka was assigned to Semyon Samoylovych, it was privately owned by Semen Samoilovych and his descendants until 1861. Because of the advantageous border location and good talent in the households of Semenivka, the town rapidly increased in population, eventually becoming center of the parish which included the surrounding villages.
Between 1677 and 1678 a powerful army of Ibrahim Pasha fought over the control of Chyhyryn (see Russo-Turkish War (1676–81)). Eventually, the army of the Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha was successful in taking control over Chyhyryn, in 1678. The city of Nemyriv became the Hetman residence between the 1670s and 1699. After the 1681 Treaty of Bakhchisarai, Ottoman Ukraine came under the government of Moldavia by Hospodar George Ducas.
Her childhood was spent in Silesia. She was asked for her hand by many an aristocrat including Antonio Ferrante Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla. She, however, rejected him due to the duke's mental illness. Having travelled to Neuburg, her mother's birthplace, she embarked on an affair with Michał Kazimierz "Rybeńko" Radziwiłł,Michasieńko and Charlotta at the Wilanów Palace Museum Retrieved 9 November 2011 a future Great Hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Petro Doroshenko was born in Chyhyryn to a noble Cossack family with a strong leadership background. His father, a Registered Cossack, held the rank of colonel, and his grandfather Mykhailo held the bulava in the 1620s as hetman of the Registered Cossack Army. Though it is not known where Doroshenko studied, there is no doubt that he received an excellent education. Doroshenko became fluent in Latin and Polish and had a broad knowledge of history.
Poland withdrew from the right-bank Ukraine due to numerous peasant and cossack uprisings, whose rebels sought to secure their liberties with military support from countries other than Poland and Moscow. They found it in the realm of the Ottoman Empire, the Crimean Khanate. In the beginning the first Hetman recognized by Crimea was Sotnyk (captain) Stepan Opara from the Medvedesky company. However, that same summer of 1665 he was replaced by Doroshenko.
Dmytro Hunia (; ) was elected hetman of the Zaporozhian Host in 1638. He was one of the leaders of the Ostryanyn Uprising, a 1638 Cossack uprising against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The rebellion was sparked by the Sejm act of the same year that declared that non-Registered Cossacks are equal to ordinary peasants in their rights (and should be subjected to serfdom). The uprising was quelled by the forces of Jeremi Wiśniowiecki and Mikołaj Potocki.
The first Basilian monastery is recorded to have been founded by a princess named Helen in 1180. In the 15th century it is referred to by the present day name and in 1440 granted by king Ladislaus III of Poland to its tenant, the Podhorecki noble family. In 1635 the village was purchased by the Grand Crown Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, who built a fortified residence there. In 1682 it was inherited by the Sobieski family.
On June 3, Ukrainian frigate Hetman Sahaydachniy detected Black Sea Fleet Ladny frigate which tried to conduct reconnaissance near territorial waters of Ukraine. Moreover, the ship was on the way of civil ships challenging the civil navigation. Ukrainian Navy alert resources along with Pryluky cutter and Henichensk harbor minesweeper , Mi-14 helicopter, Mykolaiv cutter of Maritime Border Guard put to sea. Ladny frigate was forced to refuse its plans and sailed back.
After him ownership passed to Jerzy August Mniszech. The town was substantially refortified. In 1774, Bila Tserkva (Biała Cerkiew), then the seat of the sub-prefecture (starostwo), came into the possession of Stanisław August Poniatowski who that same year granted the property to Franciszek Ksawery Branicki, Poland's Grand Hetman. He built there his urban residence – the Winter Palace complex and a country residence with the "Olexandria" park (named after his wife Aleksandra Branicka).
Church of John the Baptist, Bila Tserkva A historical landscape park Arboretum Oleksandriya of 400 acres is situated in Bila Tserkva. It was founded in 1793 by the wife of Polish Hetman Franciszek Ksawery Branicki. Notable buildings include the Merchant Court (1809–1814) and the Post Yard (1825–31). There are also Palladian wooden buildings of the Branicki "Winter Palace" and the District Nobility Assembly (now it is gone because of a conflagration).
In 1647, Stanisław Lubomirski received the hereditary title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire from Emperor Ferdinand III. The Lubomirski family itself was a candidate for Poland's crown. Grand Hetman of the Crown Prince Hieronim Augustyn was the most serious candidate for the Polish crown after the death of John III Sobieski. Prince Teodor Konstanty (1683-1745), governor of Kraków, submitted his candidacy for the Crown after the death of Augustus II the Strong.
The Polish forces were also lacking in infantry and ammunition for the artillery. Before Polish reinforcements under Hetman Mikołaj Potocki arrived around 21 June, the Cossacks under Hunia succeeded in building a bridge in the night and moving the entire camp to a new location nearby. Potocki arrived soon after the Cossacks finished their relocation, on the 22nd. It would be a week before the Polish forces were reinforced by the much-needed artillery.
His historical novels were widely read; (The False Dmitry, 1879; Tsar Peter and the Regent Sophia, 1885; The Tsar and the Hetman, 1880; Lord Novgorod the Great, 1882; For Whose Sins?, 1890); these novels demonstrated Mordovets's democratic leanings. He served for more than thirty years as an official in Saratov and was the editor of the Saratov Provincial News. He contributed to several popular journals, including Russian Word, Notes of the Fatherland, and Affairs.
Finally in 1601 Capt. Hermann Wrangel switched sides, assaulted the castellan and opened the gates for the Swedish forces. The town was retaken by Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth on 13 April 1603 following a brief siege led by hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz; roughly 1000 Swedish soldiers surrendered and were escorted to Tallinn. In the effect of yet another Polish-Swedish War, in 1625 Tartu was once again captured by Sweden, this time for good.
The remaining medieval walls, characterised by alternative layers of limestone and flat brick, were covered with stucco. Ivan Hryhorovych-Barskyi was responsible for window surrounds and stucco ornamentation. Inside the church, an intricate five-tier icon screen funded by Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky and executed by Hryhoryi Petriv from Chernigov was installed in 1718. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, almost all of the original Byzantine mosaics and frescoes on the interior walls were painted over.
Kościesza coat-of-arms Szymonowic studied in Poland (Lwów, Kraków), France and Belgium. From 1586 he was associated with Grand Hetman and Royal Chancellor Jan Zamoyski, with whom in 1593–1605 he organized the Zamojski Academy. In 1590 he was elevated to the nobility (szlachta), with Kościesza coat-of-arms. A humanist fluent in Greek and Latin, Szymonowic wrote in Polish Sielanki (Pastorals, 1614), a work influenced by the pastoral poems of Virgil and Theocritus.
Samiylo Kishka was born in 1530 into a family of noblemen from Bratslav. At the age of twenty, he began to live as a Cossack. During the first years of being an active Cossack, he took part in several campaigns headed by Dmytro Vyshnevetsky, a Hetman of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, who is considered the founder of the first Zaporozhian Sich in Khortytsia. Being an ordinary Cossack, he confronted Tatar attacks on the Ukrainian lands.
The couple quarrel and he resolves to dismiss his companions who she says are a bad influence on him. At Lyubich he finds the bodies of his murdered colleagues and, in revenge, burns the village of Volmontovichi to the ground. Kmita has to seek refuge with Olenka and she forces him to flee. The action switches to the troubles inside the Commonwealth, particularly between the Yanush Radzivill (grand hetman of Lithuania) and Pavel Sapyeha factions.
The Siege of Kraków was one of the military conflicts of the Swedish and Transylvanian invasion of Poland, which took place in the summer of 1657. The royal city of Kraków, had been occupied for two years by a Swedish- Transylvanian garrison led by Paul Wirtz and János Bethlen. It was besieged by Polish Army of Hetman Jerzy Lubomirski, supported by soldiers of the Holy Roman Empire under Austrian Field Marshal Melchior von Hatzfeldt.
After the meeting, Czarniecki with an army of 10,000 followed Rakoczi, attacking his troops in a guerilla style-war, typical of the Polish hetman. On 11 July Czarniecki attacked the Transilvanians, near the village of Magierów, north of Lwów. After a Polish attack, the Transilvanians retreated towards Żółkiew, leaving behind some 2,000 wagons with goods looted in Poland. Soon afterwards, Poles ambushed the enemy in the swampy waterbed of the Poltva River.
In Poland, meantime, the Sejm, shaken by the previous year's defeat, agreed to raise taxes and fund a larger army, as well as to recruit a large number of Cossack allies. Polish commander Grand Lithuanian Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz crossed the Dniester River in September 1621 with approximately 20,000 to 35,000 soldiers, joined by 10,000 more led by the future king of Poland, Prince Władysław Vasa.Hrushevsky, M., 1999, The History of the Ukrainian Cossacks, Vol.
He was the first Cossack ataman to accept Kalmyks into his army. Despite his pro-Moscow orientation he distrusted and hated pro-Russian hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky, but at the same time married his son Roman to Briukhovetsky's daughter. In 1668 this rivalry even forced Ivan Sirko to switch sides again and briefly join Petro Doroshenko in his fight against "Muscovite boyars and Voivodes", but in 1670 once again Sirko pledged loyalty to Russian tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.
The Agapia Monastery () is a Romanian Orthodox nunnery located 9 km west of Târgu Neamț, in the commune of Agapia, Neamţ County. It was built between 1641 and 1643 by Romanian hetman Gavriil Coci, brother of Vasile Lupu. The church, restored and modified several times during the centuries was painted by Nicolae Grigorescu between 1858 and 1861. It is one of the largest nunneries in Romania, having 300–400 nuns and ranking second place in population after Văratec Monastery.
Yakiv Yukhymovych Lyzohub (; , Yakov Yefimovich Lizogub) was a military and political figure of the Cossack Hetmanate and a member of a well known Cossacks family of Lyzohub. He was born in a family of Chernihiv Colonel Yukhym Yakovych Lyzohub and Lyubov Petrivna Doroshenko. Yakiv Lyzohub was a grandson of Hetman Petro Doroshenko. He graduated from the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy that in the 19th century was transformed into the Kyiv Theological Academy on the order of the Russian Holy Synod.
He served as a commander in the Poltava region, commander of a Railroad Guard Corps under the Hetman government, and commander of the Kholm Group on the Polish front in 1919, during the Polish-Ukrainian War. From December 1918 to January 1919 he was minister of defense of the Ukrainian People's Republic, and then the UNR Army otaman. In 1920 he headed a UNR military-diplomatic mission to Belgium. He emigrated to France and died in Paris in 1937.
After several years of relative quiet, the Crimean Tatars, united after a civil war, began raiding the Polish border in strength in the early 1640s. Provoked by a Cossack raid, a large Tatar raiding force began assembling in late 1643 near Ochakiv. In response, Polish military commander, Grand Crown Hetman, Stanisław Koniecpolski, ordered his forces to concentrate near Vinnytsia for 27 December. With the Tatars evading scouts, he split his forces around the possible incursion points.
1678-81: Yurii Khmelnitsky and the Turks: In 1678 the Turks, who had a large army in the area, appointed their prisoner Yurii Khmelnytsky as hetman. He participated in the second campaign of Chyhyryn and was deposed by the Turks in 1681. At this point, English sources become thin. The Right Bank was severely depopulated, many of those who were not killed or enslaved by the Tatars having fled to the Left Bank or Sloboda Ukraine.
Filmed for 18 months between 2017 and 2019, the documentary Ivan Mazepa: I appoint you a traitor explores the life of Ivan Mazepa, a controversial Hetman of Zaporizhian Host who is asymmetrically portrayed in Russian and Ukrainian histories. Piddubny's film crew worked in Ukraine, Austria, Romania, Russia, and Sweden to present a comprehensive image of Mazepa. Two Russian historians, and appeared in the film as consultants. The documentary premiered in a Kharkiv theater in March 2019.
Another attack on 29 April was also repelled and the Russians lost close to 400 men and suffered around 3000 wounded.A. G. Bulvynsky. The Konotop battle of 1659.. Instead of a quick campaign the siege dragged on for 70 days and gave Vyhovsky the much-needed time to prepare for the battle with the Russian army. The hetman not only managed to organize his own troops, but secured support of his allies — the Crimean Tatars and the Poles.
Nicholas II and his family. In March 1918, after Lavr Kornilov's successful offensive, the Kuban Rada placed itself under his authority. With his death in June 1918, however, a federative union was signed with the Ukrainian government of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky after which many Cossacks left to return home or defected to the Bolsheviks. Additionally, there was an internal struggle among the Kuban cossacks over loyalty towards Anton Denikin's Russian Volunteer Army and the Ukrainian People's Republic.
When Kościuszko returned home in 1774, he found that his brother Józef had squandered most of the family fortune, and there was no place for him in the Army, as he could not afford to buy an officer's commission.Storozynski, 2011, p. 32. He took a position as tutor to the family of the magnate, province governor (voivode) and hetman Józef Sylwester Sosnowski and fell in love with the governor's daughter Ludwika. Their elopement was thwarted by her father's retainers.
Zadora coat of arms Stanislovas Kęsgaila Jonaitis (; died 1527) was a Lithuanian nobleman, son of Jonas Kęsgaila from the Kęsgailos family. Stanislovas Kęsgaila was the Elder of Samogitia (1486–1522), Grand Hetman of Lithuania (1501–1502), castellan of Trakai (1499–1522) and Vilnius (1522–1526). In 1494, he signed a peace agreement with the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The treaty was reinforced with engagement of Grand Duke of Lithuania Alexander Jagiellon and Helena, daughter of Ivan III.
The sessions of the Society were also attended by many famous persons of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth like Great Lithuanian Hetman Michał Kazimierz "Rybeńko" Radziwiłł, August Fryderyk Moszyński, Joachim Chreptowicz. In 1840 Alexander von Humboldt accompanied Prussian King Frederick William IV on the way to Königsberg, and Humboldt received an honorary membership in the Society. Later, the society offered Humboldt stipends. The collections of the Society were displayed in the West-Prussian Provincial Museum located at the Green Gate.
Radzic Coat of Arms Samuel Kmicic (between 1625 & 1630-1692) was a nobleman (szlachcic) from Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He held the ranks of colonel (pułkownik) in the Royal Army, chorąży (ensign) of Orsza and Grand Lithuanian Guardian. During The Deluge - Swedish invasion of Poland in 1650s - he led a konfederacja, military rebellion against hetman Janusz Radziwiłł who betrayed the Commonwealth and allied himself with the Swedes. Later he joined the Tyszowce Confederation.
At the same time, Bolsheviks established own executive branch as part of the People's Secretariat headed by Vasyl Shakhrai. On January 6, 1918 Volodymyr Vynnychenko appointed Mykola Porsh to the vacant position. On January 25, 1918 the general secretariats were reorganized into people's ministries as Ukraine proclaimed its independence. [People's] Ministry of Military Affairs existed also during the regime of Hetman of Ukraine Pavlo Skoropadsky and until the exile of the Ukrainian National Government at the end of 1920.
In 1601 Żółkiewski operated in the north, in Livonia (Inflanty), during the Polish–Swedish War. He also took part in the successful siege of Wolmar, and in 1602 the taking of Fellin. That same year he led Polish forces at the battle of Reval, which led to a Swedish capitulation at the siege of Biały Kamień. Żólkiewski became ill near the end of the campaign and had to relinquish command of his forces to Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz.
Hetman was also a member of the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) from 1990 to 1998. He went for his second term as deputy in 1994 from the Talne electoral district of Cherkasy Oblast, but as a nonpartisan. He received 50.97% of the vote in the first round of voting. He ran for his third term in March 1998, but failed to get re-elected, receiving only 21.85% of the vote, 3.87% below the required percentage to win.
Varvounis, M., 2012, Jan Sobieski, Xlibris, He became a member of the Wilno Chapter in 1669. In 1689, Konstanty was one of the judges who sentenced Kazimierz Łyszczyński to death for atheism. Brzostowski was a political opponent of the Sapieha family and excommunicated the Grand Hetman of Lithuania Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Younger in 1694 and again in 1709. He unsuccessfully tried to make Peter I of Russia adopt more tolerant policies towards the followers of Union of Brest.
However, only 3,000 Cossacks followed their Hetman, with the rest remaining loyal to the Tsar. Mazepa's call to arms was further weakened by the Orthodox Clergy's allegiance to the Tsar. Learning of Mazepa's treason, the Russian army sacked and razed the Cossack Hetmanate capital of Baturyn, killing most of the defending garrison and many common people. The Russian army was ordered to tie the dead Cossacks to crosses and float them down the Dnieper River to the Black Sea.
Tylicz prospered, becoming sixth largest town of Nowy Sącz County of Kraków Voivodeship, after Nowy Sącz, Stary Sącz, Muszyna, and Nowy Targ. The period of relative prosperity ended in the mid-17th century, when Nowy Sącz County was suffered widespread destruction during Swedish invasion of Poland. In October 1683, Crown Hetman Stanisław Jabłonowski camped with his army in Tylicz, after the victorious Battle of Vienna. In the 1760s, the area of Tylicz became a base of the Bar Confederation.
Here are wooden logs, which are more than 300 years old, that were found during excavations of the moat of the Citadel of Baturyn Fortress. The exposition “Baturyn – Hetman's Residence”is dedicated to the brightest, Hetman's period, in the history of Baturyn. From 1669 to 1708 the city was the residence of the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host – Demyan Ignatovych, Ivan Samoilovich and Ivan Mazepa. Also it was the center of political, economic and cultural life of the Hetmanate.
The Lithuanian Highest Council was established in Vilnius and chose Jakub Jasiński, a Jacobin and successful commander of the military assault, as the leader of the insurrection in Lithuania. Targowica participants were dealt with severely: Hetman Szymon Kossakowski was tried and executed. Kościuszko was still in Kraków region, unable to leave because of the Denisov army. On May 5, he fortified himself at a camp near Połaniec, seeking rescue operations from the directions of Warsaw and Lublin.
Jan Karol Chodkiewicz Eventually the Commonwealth Sejm voted to raise the funds necessary to resume large scale military operations. The final attempt by Sigismund and Władysław to gain the throne was a new campaign launched on 6 April 1617. Władysław was the nominal commander, but it was hetman Chodkiewicz who had actual control over the army. In October, the towns of Dorogobuzh (Дорогобуж, Drohobuż, Drohobycz) and Vyazma (Вязьма, Wiaźma) surrendered quickly, recognizing Władysław as the tsar.
Upon completion of his studies in 1617, Khmelnytsky entered into service with the Cossacks. As early as 1619, he was sent together with his father to Moldavia, when the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth entered into war against the Ottoman Empire. His first military engagement was a tragic one. During the battle of Cecora (Țuțora) on 17 September 1620, his father was killed, and young Khmelnytsky, among many others including future hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, was captured by the Turks.
Khmelnytsky built a new government system and developed military and civilian administration. A new generation of statesmen and military leaders came to the forefront: Ivan Vyhovsky, Pavlo Teteria, Danylo Nechai and Ivan Nechai, Ivan Bohun, Hryhoriy Hulyanytsky. From Cossack polkovnyks, officers, and military commanders, a new elite within the Cossack Hetman state was born. Throughout the years, the elite preserved and maintained the autonomy of the Cossack Hetmanate in the face of Russia's attempt to curb it.
Vinnytsia has been an important trade and political center since the fourteenth century, when Fiodor Koriatowicz, the nephew of the Lithuanian Duke Algirdas, built a fortress (1363) against Tatar raiders on the banks of the Southern Bug. The original settlement was built and populated by Aleksander Hrehorovicz Jelec, hetman under Lithuanian Prince Švitrigaila. Aleksander Jelec built the fort, which he commanded as starosta afterwards. In the 15th century, Lithuanian Grand Duke Alexander Jagiellon granted Winnica Magdeburg city rights.
With extinguishing the Nalyvaiko Uprising, the Boryspil starostwo was passed to Stanisław Żółkiewski and stayed as the Żółkiewski's family estate until the 1648 Khmelnytsky Uprising. On 14 January 1752 the Hetman of Little Russia Kyrylo Rozumovsky has given the town in eternal possession to his brother-in-law Kyiv Colonel Yukhym Darahan. On 2 June 1920 at the Battle of Boryspil Polish- Ukrainian Army defeated the Red Army. Later in 1920 in the town was established the Soviet regime.
Russian sources give a different account. According to them, after having discovered the Lithuanian army, a detachment under Prince Yury Baryatinsky was involved in the fighting with the Lithuanians while the voivodes of the main army led by Cherkassky sent Baryatinski their cavalry as reinforcement. The rest of the army which consisted of infantry, reiters and supply wagons, also began to move to the battle site. Baryatinsky conducted several attacks on the army of the Great Hetman.
Bohdan Chmielnicki (c. 1650) in the District Museum in Tarnów. The messages to the friends in the court are discovered and two, Barabasz (Barabash) and Tatarczuk (Tatarchuk), are murdered by the Brotherhood of Cossacks. Tuhaj-bej (Tugay Bey), the Tartar leader, is given Jan as a ransom captive and news arrives that the Great Hetman, Mikołaj Potocki (Pototski), has sent his son Stefan (Stephen) with his army against the Brotherhood, so Chmielnicki is chosen as their leader.
Grégoire Orlyk, also Hryhor Orlyk (,Sometimes spelled as Hryhir Orlyk (). November 5, 1702, Baturyn – November 14, 1759, Minden), was a French military commander, special envoy and member of Louis XV's secret intelligence service. Grégoire Orlyk was born in Ukraine, the son of Ukrainian hetman in exile Pylyp Orlyk and Hanna Hertsyk. He received a good education in Sweden, served in Poland and Saxony, and participated in the secret efforts of France to restore Stanisław Leszczyński to the Polish throne.
Despite some obstacles, Skopin-Shuisky managed to persuade the Swedes to help the Russian tsar. On 14 April 1609, Skopin-Shuisky left Novgorod with 12,000 Swedish soldiers under the command of Jacob De la Gardie to save the Russian throne. Skopin-Shuisky captured Oreshek, Tver and Torzhok and cleared the north of the country from the enemies. He defeated Hetman Jan Piotrus Sapieha at Kalyazin and made him abandon the Siege of the Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra.
One of its first representatives was voivode of Sieradz Jakub Koniecpolski who participated in the Battle of Grunwald in 1410, considered the biggest battle in medieval history. In 1443 the Koniecpolski family founded the city-fortress Koniecpol, which became the seat of the family. In the 16th century the family lineage split into two branches the "Hetman branch" and the "Castellan branch". In the 17th century the family acquired great political authority, and became owners of huge landed estates.
Another plan to wed either Anna Elżbieta or Barbara to Ilia Ostrogski, the only son of Great Hetman Konstanty Ostrogski, fell through. The wedding of Barbara and Stanislovas Goštautas took place on 18 May 1537 in Goštautas' residence in Hieraniony. Her dowry included numerous silver and gilded tableware items, 24 fine horses, dresses of satin and damask decorated with gold and precious stones. In exchange, Stanislovas transferred property worth 8,000 kopas of Lithuanian groschens to Barbara.
From Volhynia Nalivaiko's Cossacks moved into Belarus, where they pillaged Mogilev. Nalivaiko eventually offered peace to Polish king Sigismund III Vasa, conditioned that the Poles cede the lands between Southern Buh and Dniester rivers south of Bratslav to the Cossacks in exchange for their military service and loyalty to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Having refused these terms, the king recalled Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski from Moldavia. In 1595 Żółkiewski and the royal army set out to end the rebellion.
Fyodor Shaklovity is known to have been one of the foremost advisers of Sophia Alekseyevna in international affairs, along with Vasily Golitsyn. In 1688, he was sent to Malorossiya to seek participation of Hetman Mazepa's army in Russia's campaign against Turkey. Upon his return from this mission, Fyodor Shaklovity began to incite the Streltsy to come out against the young Peter Alexeyevich and Naryshkin family and demand Sophia Alekseyevna's coronation. His efforts turned out to be fruitless.
Here, two important battles took place. In 1672, forces of Hetman Jan Sobieski clashed with Tatars of Selim I Giray, and three years later, Andrzej Potocki fought here with Turks. In 1772, following the Partitions of Poland, the town was seized by the Habsburg Empire, where it remained until 1918. Street scene in Kalusz by Heinrich Vogeler, 1915 In 1912–13 prior to World War I near the city of Kalush an oil rig was built.
The ship was deployed for a 3-month mission and operated alongside the Norwegian frigate , the Royal Danish Naval support ship , and the US Navy's frigate . The Naval Forces of Ukraine once again deployed Hetman Sahaydachniy with an anti-submarine Ka-27 helicopter aboard to the coast of Somalia as part of the European Union's Operation Atalanta on 3 January 2014. The ship was recalled on 3 March 2014 to Ukraine in response to the Crimea Crisis.
A graduate of the Nakhimov Higher Naval Institute (Sevastopol) in 1996, Berezovsky was the commander of the frigate Hetman Sahaydachniy from 2002 to 2005. On 6 December 2012, he was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. In 2012 and 2013, he led the joint exercises with Ukraine and the United States, Sea Breeze 2012 and Sea Breeze 2013. Prior to 1 March 2014, he served as deputy commander for combat training - Head of the Ukrainian Navy combat training.
The following year, Zabrzeziński was fined, stripped of his titles, and banished from the Council of Lords along with his supporters. However, shortly Zabrzeziński reconciled with Alexander and was reinstated as the Grand Marshal of Lithuania. In August 1506, Glinsky replaced Stanisław Kiszka, the Great Hetman of Lithuania, who has fallen ill, as the commander of the Lithuanian army during the Battle of Kleck. He led the Lithuanians to a decisive victory against the Crimean Khanate.
Wacław Piotr Rzewuski (1706–1779) was a Polish dramatist and poet as well as a military commander and a Grand Crown Hetman. As a notable nobleman and magnate, Rzewuski held a number of important posts in the administration of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was a Field Clerk of the Crown since 1732, voivode of Podole Voivodship between 1736 and 1762 (with a gap between 1750 and 1756). In 1735 he received the prestigious Order of the White Eagle.
Around 32% of the city is occupied by parks, squares and forest preserves which creates a unique and healthy climate.[ .] The green spaces include: Branicki Palace () is a historical edifice and park in Białystok. It was developed on the site of an earlier building in the first half of the eighteenth century by Jan Klemens Branicki, a wealthy Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth hetman, into a residence suitable for a man whose ambition was to be elected king of Poland.
Rożnów, Zamek Górny It is oblong in shape, 44 meters by 20 meters. In 1426, the castle was purchased by one of the most famous Polish knights, Zawisza Czarny, and after his death, it belongdvto his sons. In the late 15th century, Rożnów passed to the Wydźga family, and later, to the Tarnowski family. Rożnów Castle In the first half of the 16th century, during the Polish Golden Age, Hetman Jan Tarnowski began to reconstruct the fortress at Rożnów.
New fighting took place already in 1594, when the Nalyvaiko Uprising engulfed large portions of Ukraine and Belarus. Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski defeated the Cossack units in 1596 and Severyn Nalyvaiko was executed. A temporary pacification of relations followed in the early 17th century, when the many wars fought by the Commonwealth necessitated greater involvement by registered Cossacks. But the Union of Brest resulted in new tensions, as the Cossacks had become dedicated adherents and defenders of the Eastern Orthodoxy.
The new campaign in 1617 was presented as an action by the "legitimate" Tsar Wladyslaw Vasa against the "usurper" Michael Romanov. The Crown forces led by Prince Wladyslaw (6,000 men) and Lithuanian under the command of the Great Hetman Ian Karol Khodkevich (6,500 men) took part in the campaign. Prince Wladyslaw started from Warsaw on April 5, 1617, but only in September arrived in Smolensk. In October 1617 Dorogobuzh and Vyazma surrendered to "Tsar" Wladyslaw without battle.
Besides bad roads and disorder, a new royal standard had to be made, the Buturlin's speech text, and the mace (bulawa) designated to Hetman disappeared several precious stones that had to be recovered. Also, the delegation had to wait almost a week for arrival of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi, who was delayed in Chyhyryn at the burial of his older son Tymofiy Khmelnytsky and later was not able to cross Dnieper since the ice on the river was not strong enough.
See Battle of the Cosmin Forest. In 1498, Pokuttia was conquered by Stephen the Great, annexed and retained by Moldavia until the Battle of Obertyn in 1531, when it was recaptured by Poland's hetman Jan Tarnowski, who defeated Stephen's son Petru Rareş. Minor Polish-Moldavian clashes for Pokuttia continued for the next 15 years, until Petru Rareş's death. Throughout Middle Ages, Obertyn was Pokuttia's main castle, while Kolomyia was the region's main market town and fair.
Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine was established on 2 August 1918 by Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi as the "National Library of the Ukrainian State" (Natsionalna biblioteka Ukrayinskoyi Derzhavy). On 23 August 1918 there was established the Provisional Committee on creation of the National Library headed by Vladimir Vernadsky (Volodymyr Vernadsky). In August 1941 the library was evacuated to Ufa, the capital of Bashkortostan, where it was housed in the State pedagogical institute. In May 1944 the library returned to Kyiv.
396 "Envoys from the hetman and the Zaporozhian Host are to be sent to the very next Diet, with humble thanks for the mercy and favor of the king and the entire Commonwealth." Hrushevsky, M., 2004, History of Ukraine- Rus, Volume Nine, Book One, The Cossack Age, 1650-1653, Toronto: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, , p. 396 The treaty was blocked by a single vote, the Liberum Veto, and thus never ratified by the Polish diet.
Tadeusz Mikołaj Thullie (born 6 December 1741 in Warsaw, died 14 April 1843 in Lwów) was the last Royal Secretary of King Stanisław August Poniatowski. He was ennobled in 1767, receiving the Prawdzic coat of arms. He was the son of Adam Thullie, lieutenant general of the Polish army, and Katarzyna née Fontana, a sister of royal architect Jakub Fontana. Tadeusz's grandfather, Jan Thullie, had been brought to Poland from France by hetman Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski.
The battle was the greatest by that time land victory over the Ottoman Empire in Europe. Detrimental to further military progress was the death of King Michał Wiśniowecki. Lithuanian Hetman Michał Pac's refusal to fight under Sobieski's orders forced Sobieski to abandon his intended move toward the Danube. The Polish units that had taken over Jassy in Moldavia were soon forced out by the Turks, who were able to reconnect with their other concentration of troops in Kamieniec Podolski.
The insurgency generated limited following and was soon suppressed, its leaders executed. There were also a few other centers of peasant revolt, including one organized by Piotr Grzybowski in Greater Poland. Jeremi Wiśniowiecki, noted for ruthlessness, was a great magnate in the eastern borderlands In February 1651, Hetman Kalinowski advanced against the Cossacks, but suffered heavy losses and withdrew to Kamieniec Podolski; in May he fought his way to Sokal, where he joined the gathering of the Crown army.
On March 7, 1591, he was granted royal permission to own real estate near Kamieniec Podolski. In the following years, he took part in a number of wars and military conflicts in eastern areas of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, as well as in Moldavia, Livonia and the Tsardom of Russia. In 1595, he probably participated in a raid on Moldavia, carried out by Crown Hetman Jan Zamoyski. In 1596, serving under Stanislaw Zolkiewski, he pacified the Nalyvaiko Uprising.
The URC are registered with provincial, municipal, district Cossack organizations in all regions of Ukraine, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Kiev, and Sevastopol. It comprises almost 70,000 Cossacks.Register URC At the head of URC is the hetman, with regional and local organizations led by the principal chieftains and the district chieftains, respectively. Chiefs of the URC The organization is controlled by a General Staff of the URC in Kiev, URC headquarters in regions, cities and district centers.
The king brought a few thousand soldiers and levée en masse, but the morale of his army was low. Several members of the nobility abandoned the king, while the army, concentrated at Pradnik, organized itself into a confederation, demanding money and renouncing Hetman, Stanislaw Lanckoronski. On September 20, the Council of the Senate had a meeting, in which allegiance to the king was confirmed. Soon after the meeting, the queen, together with Primate Andrzej Leszczyński left the city.
During the Battle of Chocim Chodkiewcz resisted the sultan's 200-thousand army for a whole month,. but the cost of victory was his life. A few days before the siege was raised and the Ottomans decided to open negotiations, the aged Grand Lithuanian Hetman, already suffering from illness since the very start of this campaign, died in the fortress on 24 September 1621. Chodkiewcz's body was transported to Kamianets-Podilskyi, where he was buried on 14 October 1621.
The Tatars probably thought they were safe and slowed down thus allowing the hetman to catch up to them on July 4 near Sasowy Róg at the river Prut. Several dozen Tatars were killed and captured, the rest dispersed. Among the captives were several high-ranking Tatars and Khan Temir's son-in-law (Khan Temir, Kantymir – chief of Budjak Horde, a well known and ferocious Nogai Tatar leader). Most of the loot, all captives, cattle and horses were recovered.
The town belonged to Mykola Pototskyi, a crowned Hetman, who at one point was also a prisoner of the Tatars. What remained of the castle was a square earthen rampart, a house belonging to the steward of the lordly estate which was rebuilt in the 19th century where the old castles gate used to be. Also, deep clay cellars were left from when hundreds of people would hide during attacks. Now this area is a school and preschool.
The colt was ridden in most of his important races by the trainer's younger brother, Bill Scott. He was the ninth of thirteen foals produced by Mr Garforth's unnamed Comus mare, whose other progeny included the Northumberland Plate winner Hetman Platoff. He was probably sired by Waverley, although the Comus mare had previously been covered by the stallion Tramp in the year of his conception. Waverley won several major races in Yorkshire including Gold Cups at Newcastle and Pontefract.
Józef Jan Kanty Ossoliński (1707–1780) was a magnate in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Supported Stanisław Leszczyński, although abandoned him in 1733 when his cause looked worse and from 1735 he became a supporter of August III the Saxon. He became a close ally of hetman Jan Klemens Branicki and his political group, and one of the most known opponents of the familia. From 1757 he became the voivode of Wołyń and received the Order of the White Eagle.
The Treaty of Pereyaslav of 1654 between the Hetmanate and Muscovy guaranteed Cossack protection by the Tsar. Furthermore, it established the Cossack Hetmanate in Left-bank Ukraine, which was possible due to the declining fortunes of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Cossacks also felt more affiliation with Muscovy because it was an Orthodox state, and religion was more important than language at this time. Cossack autonomy came to an end with the rule of the last Hetman, Ivan Mazepa.
The highest tier of local government in the Czech Republic are the thirteen regions (Czech: kraje, singular kraj) and the capital city of Prague. Each region has its own elected Regional Assembly (krajské zastupitelstvo) and hejtman (usually translated as hetman or governor). In Prague, their powers are executed by the city council and the mayor. The regions are divided into seventy-six districts (okresy, singular okres) including three "statutory cities" (without Prague, which had special status).
When Carlo becomes aware that he is the tsar's brother- in-law, he introduces Annetta to the imperial couple. Again, not knowing the true identity of the couple, he warns them that the tsar must never see her because she is the daughter of the traitor hetman Ivan Mazepa. When told that Mazepa is dead, the false Menshikov pardons the girl. Then the captain of the troops tells the magistrate that Menshikov is actually the tsar.
The first written mention of Bratslav dates back to 1362. City status was granted Magdeburg Rights in 1564. Bratslav belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until the Lublin Union of 1569, when it became a voivodeship center in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland as part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In the early 16th century, the Starosta of Bratslav and Vinnytsia (Winnica) was Hetman Kostiantyn Ostrozky, who commanded Polish–Lithuanian army in the Battle of Orsha.
A unit of 5,000 soldiers remained with Hetman Mikołaj Potocki while he attempted to gather local reinforcements from the various private armies of the local magnates, as well as from the pospolite ruszenie of the militant szlachta (Polish nobility). Stefan's force arrived first at the rendezvous point. It is likely that Krychevsky, en route, contacted Bohdan Khmelnytsky, his old friend (whom he helped to escape into Zaporizhian Sich a year earlier) and the leader of the uprising.
Witold Biernacki, Żółte Wody-Korsuń 1648, Bellona, Warszawa 2004, p 119-122, From the battlefield fled only one soldier but other source says that survived more soldiers.Witold Biernacki, Żółte Wody-Korsuń 1648, Bellona, Warszawa 2004, p 122-123, Hetman Mikołaj Potocki, who had received word on May 3, 1648, of his son's plight, could not move his forces in time to reinforce the Commonwealth's position, with his forces getting to within 100 km from the site of the battle.
The assembly elected Semen Hryzlo the Kosh Otaman, who became the otaman of Kalnyboloto Kurin (company). Under this title, he was delegated to the 2nd All-Ukrainian Military Congress in Kiev in June 1917. Hryzlo was also one of the organizers of the 1st All-Ukrainian Congress of the Free Cossacks that took place on October 3, 1917 in the former Cossack capital of Chyhyryn. The congress elected the Hetman of All Ukraine, who became General Pavlo Skoropadskyi.
He was planning to unite Moldavia and Transylvania under his rule and invaded Matei Basarab's Moldavia four times between 1635 and 1653, but achieved nothing. He attacked the Cossacks and the Crimean Tatars who marched through Moldavia after their campaigns against Poland in 1649. In retaliation, the Cossacks and the Tatars jointly invaded Moldavia in the next year. Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky persuaded Vasile Lupu to marry his daughter, Ruxandra, to the Hetman's son, Tymofiy in 1652.
Specifically, he argued for modernising and enlarging the army, raising the taxes and support of the cities. However, Teodor was never fond of politics, taking part in Sejm deliberations only when he deemed it really necessary. In 1764 he caused a scandal, when bishop of Wilno, Ignacy Jakub Massalski was giving a speech defending hetman Jan Klemens Branicki, Teodor has fallen asleep and fallen on bishop Massalski, causing widespread amusement. In his diocese, Czartoryski concentrated on economics and theology.
Mihalevskyi began his career with FC Karpaty-3 Lviv in the Ukrainian Second League in 2001. The following year he made it to the Ukrainian Premier League with the senior squad FC Karpaty Lviv. He played in the lower leagues of Ukraine with FC Rava Rava-Ruska, Karpaty Kamianka Buzska, FC Halychyna Lviv. In 2007, he went across the border to Poland to play with KS Spartakus Szarowola, and with Hetman Zamość of the II liga.
Hrebinka is recognized as a leading representative of the so-called "Ukrainian school" of Russian literature. In June 1835 through Ivan Soshenko, he met with Taras Shevchenko. In 1836 Hrebinka published his translated version of Poltava in the Ukrainian language. Many of his Russian language works include Ukrainian themes, such as Stories of a Pyriatynian (1837), the historical poems Hetman Svirgovskii (1839) and Bogdan (1843), the novelette The Nizhen Colonel Zolotarenko (1842), and the novel Chaikovskii (1843).
The truce was a compromise. It had supporters and opponents on both the Ukrainian as well as the Polish side. Having concluded an armistice, Khmelnytskyi avoided the need to continue the campaign in late autumn during an epidemic that erupted in the Cossack army, which could have resulted in dire consequences for the insurgents. However, by signing the truce, the Hetman was forced to withdraw Cossack troops from most of the western-Ukrainian cities and partially from Podillia (Podolia).
Little is known about his early life. Polish historian, Wacław Lipiński, in his 1912 biography of Krychevsky, speculated that with the rank of rotmistrz he fought in the Polish-Swedish wars (1627–1629) under hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, where he led a chorągiew (unit) of Polish hussars. However more recent Polish studies dispute this, noting that the rotmistrz, known in some sources only by his surname Krzeczowski and in others as Mikołaj Krzyczewski, was probably another person.
At the end of the Thirteen Years' War in 1466 Honigfelde became a part of Polish province Royal Prussia. At the beginning of the 16th century it became a possession of Brandt family. In the 17th century, during the Swedish occupation known as The Deluge, the village was witness to many important Polish and Swedish military engagements. In 1629 the Battle of Trzciana between these two countries ended in the victory of Polish hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski over Gustavus Adolphus.
Variag» in 2001 Frigate «Hetman Sahaydachnyi» the flagship of Ukrainian Navy By type of work performed enterprises are divided into the following types: # Shipbuilding companies are receiving ready modules of ships, which produced in other enterprises. They are engaged by assembly and installation of modules in their docks. # Shipyards are more advanced production, including the assembly departments and departments for processing buildings. The enterprises of this type have a variety of equipment for metal processing, electrical installation equipment, etc.
The act of ennoblement recognizes his military merits, to which Prince Dymitr Jerzy Wiśniowiecki, grand hetman of the Crown, testified. The same act also granted Czerniecki a coat of arms with three ostrich feathers for the crest and charged with a white dove perched on one olive branch and holding another in its beak. From this time, Czerniecki began to be officially referred to as Stanislaus Columbus Czerniecki, where columbus is the Latin word for "dove".
Lebedin Executions of Cossacks in Lebedin (), () in 1708–1709 was a large- scale execution of Ukrainian Cossacks suspected of having sided with Hetman Ivan Mazepa after his break with Tsar Peter I during the Great Northern War. Cossack officials summoned to the Council of Hlukhiv who did not report to it were arrested, tortured and executed for treason. The exact number of victims is not known, but the minutes of the historical accounts indicate at least 900.
The construction of the new church was commissioned by the Great Lithuanian Hetman and Voivode of Vilnius Michał Kazimierz Pac. It is said that Pac was inspired to rebuild the church after a 1662 incident when he hid in its ruins and thus narrowly escaped death from mutinous soldiers who later killed Wincenty Korwin Gosiewski, Field Hetman of Lithuania, and Kazimierz Żeromski.Kviklys (1985), p. 317 Before this project, Pac, having made only a couple relatively minor donations to Bernardines in Vilnius and Jesuits in Druskininkai, was not known as a patron of the church or the arts.Vaišvilaitė (2001), p. 28 Pac, who never married, envisioned that the church would become a mausoleum for the Pac family. The construction works started on 29 June 1668 (the day of the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul) under the supervision of Jan Zaor from Kraków and finished in 1676 by Giovanni Battista Frediani. Pac brought Italian masters Giovanni Pietro Perti and Giovanni Maria Galli for interior decoration. The works were interrupted by the founder's death in 1682.
The Kiev and Warsaw governments reached a preliminary agreement to create a joint peacekeeping military formation on October 5, 1995; the first training started in 1996 and the respective national units to comprise the battalion were committed in 1997 when on November 26, the Ministers of Defense of Ukraine and Poland signed the appropriate agreement in Warsaw. The Polish component was split from the 14th Armored Brigade and the Ukrainian component was split from the 310th Mechanized Regiment of the 24th Mechanized Division in Yavoriv.Polish-Ukrainian Peace Force Battalion on pages of the Polish Ministry of Defense The unit was named after two historic military leaders of the respective nations: Polish-Lithuania Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz and Zaporozhian Hetman Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny, whose mutual campaign that brought about the stinging defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Battle of Khotyn (1621) was one of the very few historic examples of Poles and Ukrainians cooperating against a mutual enemy.Anton Kryukov, "To throw away the old skin ", Zerkalo Nedeli, October 19–25, 2006.
Then in January 1918 he became a deputy minister of the Ukrainian National Republic (UNR) serving under Volodymyr Vynnychenko. Under the Hetman government he was a member of the Council of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, becoming the diplomatic representative of the UNR in Georgia and Kuban. While in Kyiv, Kraskovsky also served as an advisor to the diplomatic representation of the Belarusian Democratic Republic and as Belarus' official representative at negotiations with Soviet Russia. In 1925 he moved to Belarus.
Hetman's residence in Chyhyryn was the port of destination for Russian, Polish, Turkish, and Swedish ambassadors. It was the place where hetman signed more than 300 Bills (Universals), defining the strategic lines of Ukrainian Cossack State home foreign politics. Bohdan Khmelnytskyi's death in 1657 made impossible the very existence of the independent state and put an end to people's aspirations. Andrusivskyi treaty of 1667 and "Eternal Peace" treaty signed by Russia and Poland in 1686 split Ukraine into parts along the Dnieper River.
71–73 Hetman Ivan Mazepa's defection to the Swedes, which partially justified Charles XII's movement south, would have wide-ranging consequences for the remainder of the war. Regardless, by the summer of 1708, Charles was positioned in Lithuania, facing a road directly towards Moscow. However, he faced a desolate tundra, deliberately laid bare by Russian forces and protected by the significant fortress of Smolensk. His troops were constantly being harassed by Russian light troops, and reinforcements were still en route.
After the mist began to clear the Archduke realized his force was being flanked and his retreat to Byczyna was threatened. He ordered an attack, but a miscommunication of his orders confused part of his army and the Hungarian regiment began to retreat. The Polish left wing, under command of future Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, dispersed the opposing units. The battle saw more infantry action than many others of the Commonwealth but, even so, the Polish cavalry (Polish winged hussars) played a major part.
Piotr Myszkowski (c. 1450-1505) was a Polish magnate and military commander. He was the Crown Field Hetman (1499-1501), Voivode of Łęczyca (from 1501), Voivode of Bełz (from 1499), castellan of Oświęcim (1484-1489), Wieluń (1489-1494), Rozprza (1494-1497) and Nowy Sącz (from 1498). In 1499, the king of Poland, Jan Olbracht, made him the commander of Obrona Potoczna ("General Defense"), a semi-regular force charged with protecting the southern border of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from Tatar raids.
Treaty of Pereiaslav was signed in late June 1630 between rebellious Cossack forces of Taras Fedorovych (see Fedorovych Uprising) and Polish forces led by hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski. Cossacks were to stop raiding Ottoman territories, return artillery pieces captured from the Poles, and Fedorovych was to be removed from his position of authority among the Cossacks. The number of registered Cossacks was increased to 8,000. T. Fedorovych criticized the treaty which failed to put an end to the raising Polish-Cossack tensions.
At the end of 1658, significant Polish–Lithuanian forces placed themselves in the region of Myadel, an area which previously swore a loyalty oath to the Russian Tsar. Many of the nobles (szlachta), however, followed the appeal of Hetman Paweł Jan Sapieha to join the Commonwealth army. After the signing of the treaty of Valiesar the Russian army could bring its troops to Lithuania that were so far involved in fighting the Swedes. The Russians entered Lithuania and took Braslaw.
"Cossack with a head of a Tatar." Over the years the friction between the Cossacks and the Russian tsarist government lessened, and privileges were traded for a reduction in Cossack autonomy. The Ukrainian Cossacks who did not side with Mazepa elected as Hetman Ivan Skoropadsky, one of the "anti-Mazepist" polkovniks. While advocating for the preservation for the Hetmanate autonomy and privileges of the starshina, Skoropadsky was careful to avoid open confrontation and remained loyal to the union with Russia.
He took active participation in issuing of newspapers Borotba (Struggle) and Selianska bidnota (Poor peasantry) for the last of which he became a director. About at the same time he also works as a chief editor in the newspaper Peasant and Worker, the instructional-agitation locomotive of the Head of Central Executive Committee of Ukraine Hryhoriy Petrovsky. He provides active underground work in Odessa and Kherson region. There he was organizing a fight against the German occupational forces and Hetman-followers.
During the reign of Peter the Great, Cossacks were used for the construction of canals and fortification lines in northern Russia. An estimated 20–30 thousands were sent each year. Hard labour led to a high mortality rate among builders, and only an estimated 40% of Cossacks returned home. After the Battle of Poltava in 1709, the Chortomlyk Sich (sometimes referred to as the "Old Sich" (Stara Sich)) was destroyed and Baturyn, the capital of Hetman Ivan Mazepa, was razed.
Zbigniew Wojcik, Russian Endeavors for the Polish Crown in the Seventeenth Century', Slavic Review, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Spring, 1982), pp. 59-72 (article consists of 14 pages), JSTOR Russian forces marched on Swedish Livonia and besieged Riga in the Russo-Swedish War (1656–58). The Russian ally, Zaporozhian Cossack hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky was informed about the Russian plans; he was not against a temporary armistice with Poland as such;Грамоты из переписки царя Алексея Михайловича с Богданом Хмельницким в 1656 г.
Alexandros Kantakouzinos was born during the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792, during which Russia occupied parts of the Danubian Principalities for several years. In 1791, Matei Cantacuzino entered Russian service, and the family followed the departing Russian troops to the Russian Empire. Alexandros Kantakouzinos served as a chamberlain to the Russian tsar. As young man, he married the Ukrainian noblewoman Elisabeta Darahan, a grand-niece of the last Hetman of Ukraine, the last sovereign lord of the Zaporozhian Cossacks.
The Battle of Konotop or Battle of Sosnivka was fought between a coalition led by the Hetman of Ukrainian Cossacks Ivan Vyhovsky and cavalry units of the Russian Tsardom under the command of Semyon Pozharsky and Semyon Lvov, supported by Cossacks of Ivan Bezpaly,Davies B. L. Warfare, state and society on the Black Sea steppe, 1500—1700. — Routledge, UK: Taylor & Francis, 2007. — P. 128—131. — on 29 June 1659, near the town of Konotop, Ukraine, during the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667).
The Battle of Loyew (, , ) was a battle of the Khmelnytsky Uprising. Near the site of the present-day town of Loyew in Belarus, a numerically superior force of Ukrainian Cossacks under the command of Cossack warleaders Stepan Pobodailo and Mykhailo Krychevsky was defeated by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the command of hetman Janusz Radziwiłł. Radziwiłł was able to engage the Cossack forces before they merged. First, he defeated the army of Krychevsky, who was mortally wounded; then he defeated Pobodailo's army.
Sotsialno- politychnyi portret. page 203, Lebid, Kiev. 1995 It became clear to the Polish envoys that Khmelnytsky had positioned himself no longer as simply a leader of the Zaporozhian Cossacks but as that of an independent state and stated his claims to the heritage of the Rus'. Meeting of Khmelnytsky with Tuhaj Bej by Juliusz Kossak A Vilnius panegyric in Khmelnytsky's honour (1650–1651) explained it: "While in Poland, it is King Jan II Casimir Vasa, in Rus it is Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky".
The Battle of Gwoździec was fought in 1531 as part of the Polish-Moldavian Wars. The conflict was instigated by voievod Petru Rareş of Moldavia when he interfered in the succession disputes over the Hungarian throne and invaded southern Poland in support of the Ottomans. Grand Hetman Jan Tarnowski, the leader of the Polish counter-offensive, attacked and ultimately defeated Petru's forces at Gwoździec near Kolomyia, Ukraine. Tarnowski withdrew his forces northeast, but was outnumbered and besieged during the Battle of Obertyn.
Hetman was shot by an apparently professional killer in the elevator of his own apartment block in Kyiv on April 22, 1998. An alleged assassin, a 29-year-old Serhiy Kulev, and member of the "Kushner gang" from the Donbas, was only found in 2002. He was later sentenced to life imprisonment without bond in April 2003. The Office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine has claimed that the assassination was ordered and paid for by Pavlo Lazarenko, a former Ukrainian Prime Minister.
Gradually, Mazepa accumulated great wealth, becoming one of Europe's largest land owners. A multitude of churches were built all over Ukraine during his reign in the Ukrainian Baroque style. He founded schools and printing houses, and expanded the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, the primary educational institution of Ukraine at the time, to accommodate 2,000 students. In 1702, the Cossacks of Right-bank Ukraine, under the leadership of hetman Semen Paliy, began an uprising against Poland, which after early successes was defeated.
The museum is located in the architectural monument of local significance – the Resurrection Church and Parish School (1904), built in the complex with the Church of the Resurrection – the tomb of Hetman Kyrylo Razumovsky in the historic center of Baturyn. The building is rectangular in plan, one-storey, brick. The architect is unknown. During its existence, the building was used as a church-parish school and kindergarten. In 2005 it was accepted on the balance of the Reserve “Hetman's Capital”.
Khmelnytsky identified as a noble, and his father's status as a podstarosta of Chyhyryn helped him to be considered as such by others. During the Uprising, however, Khmelnytsky would stress his mother's Cossack roots and his father's exploits with the Cossacks of the Sich. Khmelnytsky attended the Jesuit college, possibly in Jarosław, but more likely in Lviv in the school founded by hetman Żółkiewski. He completed his schooling by 1617, acquiring a broad knowledge of world history and learning Polish and Latin.
First Russian charge was repulsed, and Polish cavalry followed the retreating enemy, getting between two columns of Cossack infantry. Hetman Potocki ordered a retreat, which turned into panic. Potocki managed to regain the control of his army, but Russian-Cossack forces were too numerous, and despite desperate resistance, they managed to capture Polish camp, chasing retreating Poles as far as Jaworow. After the victory, Russians and Cossacks besieged Lwow: to save itself, the city paid an enormous sum of money.
Ivan Vyhovsky, the newly elected hetman in 1657 upon the death of Khmelnytsky, allied himself with the Poles in Sept. 1658, creating the Grand Duchy of Ruthenia. However, the Cossacks were also beset with the start of a civil war with this Commonwealth treaty and a new Treaty of Pereyaslav with Russia in 1659. The Tsar concluded with Sweden the advantageous Treaty of Valiersar, which allowed him to resume hostilities against the Poles in October, capturing Wincenty Gosiewski at the Battle of Werki.
The Bila Tserkva Regiment (, ) was one of the seventeen territorial- administrative subdivisions of the Hetman State. The regiment's capital was the city of Bila Tserkva, now in the Kyiv Oblast of central Ukraine. Other major cities of the regiment were Hermanivka, Fastiv, Bohuslav, and Skvyra. The regiment was created as a result of the Treaty of Kurukove, between the Zaporozhian Cossacks and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth which led the establishment of six regiments of registered cossacks that existed before the Khmelnytsky Uprising.
Cossack was a dark chestnut horse standing 15.2 hands high, described by the Farmer's Magazine as having a "neat blood-like head", "clean shoulders" and "very muscular quarters". He was sired by the Northumberland Plate winner Hetman Platoff out of the mare Joannina, a descendant of the influential broodmares Filagree, Web and Penelope. Cossack was bred at Billing in Northamptonshire by R. C. Elwes. In 1845 the trainer John Day together with a Mr Dilly, visited Elwes stable to view his yearlings.
Potemkin renamed two ships in her honor. As part of the diplomatic machinations, Potemkin was given the new title of "Grand Hetman of the Black Sea and Yekaterinoslav Cossack Hosts" and in March he assumed personal control of the Black Sea fleet as Grand Admiral. Potemkin's forces succeeded in advancing deep into Ottoman territory, capturing the fortress at Izmail (lower left). The ultimate result of the war would be the ceding of the land between the Bug and Dniester (striped) to Russia.
Azja (also Azja, son of Tuhaj-Bej) is a fictional character in the novel Fire in the Steppe by Henryk Sienkiewicz. He is an antagonist and the rival of Michał Wołodyjowski. He's a Tatar who wants to kidnap Barbara Jeziorkowska, settle some Crimean Tatars on the uninhabited regions of Ukraine to protect Poland's borders (like Zaporozhian Cossacks) and become a "Tatar hetman" in the service of the Polish Crown. Although Azja is a fictional character, his father is a historical figure.
Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac (; 1621–1684) was a nobleman and statesman of Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Chancellor (1658-1684) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He was the brother of Michał Kazimierz Pac, the Grand Hetman of Lithuania (1667-1682) who sponsored St Peter and St Paul's Church in Vilnius, a masterpiece of Baroque architecture within the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After their deaths, the influence of the Pac family rapidly deteriorated. Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac was an educated and intellectual man.
Currently, it houses a tourist information center and the Memorial Hall of the Lipský Family. ;Fara House This house has Baroque façade and a mansard roof. In 1913–1914 it was rebuilt under a project by the well-known Prague architect Pavel Janák in the Cubist style. ;Drechsel's Villa It was built in the Cubist style in 1912–1913 by the local builder Karel Postránecký, under the supervision of architect Pavel Janák for his counsellor and district hetman Jan Drechsel.
During the Anti-Hetman Uprising in November 1918 with the rest of Division Salsky changed sides. In the army of the UPR, he became in May 1919 Commander of the Zaporozhian Army Group, from September 23, 1919 Commander of the Army of the UPR, and in November 1919, Minister of Military Affairs of the UPR in the government of Borys Martos. At the end of 1920 he was interned in a Polish camp in Kalisz. After his release, he settled in Warsaw.
He was one of the most famous Polish-Lithuanian magnates of the 16th century. Raised a Calvinist he studied at the Universities of Königsberg, Leipzig, and Wittenberg, and entered in the service of Emperor Charles V from 1552 to 1555. After that he entered the service of the Grand Duke of Lithuania. In 1558 Jan Chodkiewicz was made Livonia Hetman and sent to defend Livonia against Tsar Ivan IV 'the Terrible' who was trying to enforce a passage to the Baltic Sea.
In 1727 it was split into Government of Kiev and Government of Belgorod, becoming a separate province under government of Hetman Apostol. In 1764 there was another division when the government of Little Russia and New Russia were established. In 1781 the governments of Kiev and Little Russia were reorganized into vice-royalties of Kiev, Novhorod-Siversky, and Chernihiv soon after the partition of Poland (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth). In 1796 the vice-royalty of Kiev was renamed back into the Government of Kiev.
The Battle of Olshanitsa was fought on January 27, 1527 between the armies of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Crimean Khanate. It was the last large raid into the Grand Duchy. It was also the last large victory of the Lithuanian Great Hetman Konstanty Ostrogski before his death in 1530. In 1524, İslâm I Giray, son of Mehmed I Giray, raided Poland–Lithuania and upon return started an open war for the throne with his uncle and new Khan Saadet I Giray.
A Ukrainian ship carrying military cargo was hijacked off the coast of Somalia on 23 September 2008. The ship was released on 6 February 2009. All commercial news sources reported that the vessel was released after a ransom has been paid, Ukrainian officials, however, stated that special forces eliminated the pirates and retook the ship. In October 2013 Ukraine deployed its flagship, the frigate Hetman Sahaydachniy, as part of NATO's Operation Ocean Shield anti-piracy mission in the Gulf of Aden.
In 1905 he was a rector of the Pskov Theological Seminary. On November 11, 1907 Nikodim has been laid on of hands by Archbishop Anastasiy as bishop of Akkerman, vicar of Kishenev and Khotin Eparchy. Since November 16, 1911 he was a bishop of Chyhyryn, vicar of Kiev eparchy. On April 29, 1918 Nikodim confirmed Pavlo Skoropadsky as the Hetman of Ukraine in the Saint Sophia Cathedral, after which he conducted a service of intercession at the Sofiyivska Ploshcha (Sophia Square).
Glass canopy, northern approach Instead of scrapping the old steel arch, city planners re-used it as a structural core of the new pedestrian bridge, half a mile upstream. Originally named Kievsky (Киевский мост), i.e. "Kiev Bridge", this bridge is now officially named after Bohdan Khmelnytskyi (Мост Богдана Хмельницкого), hetman of the Zaporozhian Cossack Hetmanate of Ukraine. Main pedestrian walkway and stairs are completely enclosed in a glass canopy; there are two open-air side walkways, which are usually closed to the public.
On the Don, General Kaledin was appointed commander of the Western Front. After the death of Kaledin and the occupation by the Reds of the entire Don Cossack Region, he hid in the vicinity of the village of Grushevskaya. In the spring of 1918 he took part in the general anti-Bolshevik uprising on the Don. In May 1918 he was sent by General Krasnov to Kiev as a permanent plenipotentiary representative of the Don Cossack army under Hetman Skoropadsky.
The campaign was presented as an action by the "legitimate" Tsar Wladyslaw Vasa against the "usurper" Michael Romanov . The Crown forces led by Wladyslaw (6,000 men) and Lithuanian under the command of the Great Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz (6,500 men) took part in the campaign. Wladyslaw started from Warsaw on April 5, 1617, but only in September arrived in Smolensk. The Russian government pulled all available forces into the western direction, and in the Mozhaysk area, the Poles were given serious resistance.
The indecisive but bloody Battle of Lake Smolino in September as well as Lithuanian reinforcements brought by Great Hetman (commander of the army) Stanislovas Kęsgaila, forced the Russians to retreat. Peace negotiations began while the army was still at Smolensk. A six-year truce was concluded on the Feast of the Annunciation (March 25) in 1503. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania lost approximately , or a third of its territory: Chernihiv, Novhorod-Siverskyi, Starodub, and lands around the upper Oka River.
A direct descendant to Elisabeth of Pilcza, the Queen consort to Ladislaus II of Poland, she was born in late 15th century to Paweł Koła (or Kola) of Dalejów and Żółtanice, a prominent Polish politician. Her father was a Chamberlain (since 1490) and castellan of Halicz who in 1502 rose to the rank of Voivod of Podolia. Her mother was Bruneta of Chodcza. She had three older brothers, one of whom (Jan Koła) rose to the rank of Grand Hetman of The Crown.
The castle in the 17th century Liachavičy Castle was a fortified Belarus castle.Also known as Lyakhavichy, Lachowicze, Lyakhovichi, Lachavičy, and Liahovichi It was one of the most significant castles in Belarus in the 17th century. It may have been in existence as a hill fort since the eleventh or twelfth century. It was built at the end of the 16th century by the hetman Yan Eromin of the Hadkevich family, on a hill in the Belarus town of the same name.
Notable home grown musicians, who also composed and played for the King's court, included Bartłomiej Pękiel, Jacek Różycki, Adam Jarzębski, Marcin Mielczewski, Stanisław Sylwester Szarzyński, Damian Stachowicz, Mikołaj Zieleński and Grzegorz Gorczycki. Wilanów Palace, completed in 1696, exemplifies the opulence of royal and noble residences in the Commonwealth. Magnates often undertook construction projects as monuments to themselves: churches, cathedrals, monasteries (Pic. 14), and palaces like the present-day Presidential Palace in Warsaw and Pidhirtsi Castle built by Grand Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski herbu Pobóg.
He was opposed to the signing of the Treaty of Zboriv in 1649; he believed it compromised the position of the Cossacks. With Tymish Khmelnytsky he took part in the campaign against Moldavia, and captured the city of Iaşi in September 1650. He died in battle with numerically superior Polish forces, led by Polish hetman Marcin Kalinowski, who stole the Nechay coat of arms/ made a copy and changed it. This matter was in the town of Krasne, in the Podil region.
She never married and rejected all offers (even her great friend Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł). As a chamberlain she was very thrifty and dressed mainly in a black Spanish dress. She corresponded with Emperor Ferdinand II and the Pope and received a Golden Rose for an "exceptionally virtuous life". In 1617 during Władysław's expedition against Russia to regain the tsar's throne, he asked of her intervention in favour of Marcin Kazanowski who came into dispute with the Grand Hetman of Lithuania, Jan Karol Chodkiewicz.
Officially, the territory had belonged to the Crimean Khanate since the 1520s. The territory appeared as a consequence of the 1667 Treaty of Andrusovo, which divided the Cossack Hetmanate, without consideration of the local population between the Polish Crown and Muscovy. Since 1669, the Ottoman authorities granted protectorate to the Cossack statehood west of the Dnieper and designated it into a separate sanjak which was headed by Cossack Hetman Petro Doroshenko. It was confirmed by the Treaty of Buchach in 1672.
Napoleon Orda, Castle in Pidhirtsi. It has not been established who designed the complex, that, most probably, was planned by Italian architect Andrea del Aqua, who also designed the fortress in nearby Brody for bellicose Koniecpolski. Hetman Koniecpolski wrote in his memoirs that he wanted to own a place for relaxation, but the castle location made it impossible. In 1648 it was attacked by Ukrainian Cossacks during Khmelnytskyi Uprising, although they could not capture the complex, which proved its fortress characteristics.
Flag of Bohdan Khmelnytsky. Bohdan (Б) Khmelnytsky (Х), hetman (Г) of Army (В) of Zaporozhia (З) and of his (Е) king's (К) majesty (МЛС) of Rzecz Pospolita. The first flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on 10 March 1919 to serve as the symbol of state of the Ukrainian SSR. Details of the official flag changed periodically before the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, but all had as their basis the red flag of the October Revolution.
In 1553–1554 Cossack Hetman Dmytro Vyshnevetsky gathered together groups of Cossacks and constructed a fort designed to obstruct Tatar raids into Ukraine. With this action, he founded the Zaporozhian Sich, with which he would launch a series of attacks on the Crimean Peninsula and the Ottoman Turks. In 1774 the Crimean Khans fell under Russian influence with the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca. In 1778 the Russian government deported numerous Greek Orthodox residents from Crimea to the vicinity of Mariupol.
At the same time in the fall of 1668 Demian Mnohohrishny pledged his allegiance to Muscovy and on 13 March 1669 his election was confirmed. Also in the fall of 1668 some Zaporizhian Cossacks who opposed Doroshenko elected new hetman the Zaporizhian Sich chancellor Petro Sukhoviy who also secured support of Crimean Tatars.Petro Sukhoviy at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Sukhoviy challenged Doroshenko, but he was defeated at the battle of Olkhivets by the troops of Petro Doroshenko and Ivan Sirko.
In 1648, the Zaporizhia Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky began a campaign against the Rzeczpospolita. Contrary to the label most historians assign this uprising, it was not “a war of national liberation.” In the course of the struggle, the Cossacks liberated the palatinates of Kyiv, Chernihiv, and Bratslav, which would form the territorial basis for the Cossack state, the Hetmanate. Red Ruthenia, or Galicia, remained a part of Poland until the Partitions of Poland, at which point it was transferred to the Habsburg Empire.
Accessed September 2, 2007. Orlyk first studied at the Jesuit college in Vilnius and until 1694 at Kyiv Mohyla Academy. In 1698 he was appointed secretary of the consistory of Kiev metropolia. In 1699 he became a senior member of Hetman Ivan Mazepa's General Military Chancellery and 1706 was appointed general chancellor and at that position he was Mazepa's closest aide, facilitated Mazepa's secret correspondence with the Poles and Swedes, and assisted Mazepa in his efforts to form an anti-Russian coalition.
Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia King Charles XII of Sweden, hetman Ivan Mazepa and Kost Hordiienko with 3,000 Swedes and Cossacks managed to cross the Dnieper river and take refuge into Turkish-held Moldavia. On maps of 1730s Perevolochna fortress is shown on Dnieper river just north of the Ukrainian fortification line. After the loss of Russia at the Pruth River Campaign, the fortress again became the key place of Southern frontier. It also played great role during the Russo-Turkish War of 1735–1739.
The Church of Jesus the Redeemer (, ) is a Roman Catholic church in the eldership of Antakalnis in Vilnius, Lithuania. It was founded by the Hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Voivode of Vilnius Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Younger and the Trinitarians in 1694. Its architect is Giovanni Pietro Perti, who is also the author of the nearby Church of St. Peter and St. Paul. The church, Trinitarians Monastery and the Sapieha Palace with its park formed a magnificent Baroque ensemble.
Razumovsky was the son of Kirill Razumovsky, the last Hetman of Zaporizhian Host and of , a cousin of Tsarina Elizabeth of Russia. He was also a nephew of the Tsarina's lover, Aleksey Grigorievich Razumovsky, called the "Night Emperor" of Russia. The elder Rasumovsky's late Baroque palace on the Nevsky Prospekt is a minor landmark in Saint Petersburg. In 1792 Andrey Kirillovitch was appointed the Tsar's diplomatic representative to the Habsburg court in Vienna, one of the crucial diplomatic posts during the Napoleonic era.
On October 22, 2015 a long-awaited musical event - Andrey Razumovsky IV Regional musical festival-competition of young performers took place in Hetman Razumovsky Palace in Baturin. This tradition started in 2012 in Baturin palace at the time of the 260 birthday anniversary of Andrey Razumovsky. He is world-known for his role as patron of Ludwig van Beethoven who dedicated three String Quartets, Op. 59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the 5th and 6th Symphonies to him.
One karbovanets equaled to 0.767 grams of gold. In the design of the 100 karbovanets banknote there has been used the trident — a major symbol depicted on golden and silver coins minted by Volodymyr the Great. On 1 March 1918, the Central Council introduced a new currency, the hryvnia, which consisted of 100 shahs and equaled 1/2 of a previously issued by the government Ukrainian karbovanets. In April 1918, Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky again introduced the karbovanets as the main currency of Ukraine.
The family traces its origins to the Łaźniński family. In the 15th century, Tomasz Łaźniński bought an estate in Stary (Old) Zamość. His sons Florian (died 1510) and Maciej assumed the name Zamoyski, and the family began to rise in prominence. Florian’s grandson Stanisław was the castellan of Chełm, and his son, Jan Zamoyski, arguably the most famous member of the family, became a chancellor, hetman, and founded the Zamoyski's Ordynat - a large estate that was a major source of the family's wealth.
In 1609–1610 the invaders were driven out by a Russian militia of Gagarin and Vysheslavtsev, who gathered their forces in Vologda. In late 1614, the northern part of the region (Poshekhonye) was terrorized by a rogue cossack unit led by ataman Baloven. The next year surrounding areas of Uglich and Romanov were reached by the notorious Polish–Lithuanian Lisowczycy raiders. In 1618 Zaporozhian Cossacks of hetman Sahaidachny captured Yaroslavl, Pereslavl and Romanov, as allies with a Polish invasion of Russia.
Beside that action the party was preparing assassination of the Hetman, Minister of Land Affairs, and other German and Austrian generals. The 1st Party Congress that took place in September 1918 has officially separated the Ukrainian party from the Russian Left SRs. Other Ukrainian political parties for a long time did not realize in existence of the party. Individual terror against the government officials and representatives of the German command they viewed as unacceptable and non-allowable form of fighting.
National Historical and Cultural Reserve "Hetman's Capital" (, Hetmanska stolytsia) is a Ukrainian historical and cultural reserve of national importance. It was created in 1993 on the basis of a complex of historical, cultural and natural monuments related to the history of the Ukrainian Cossacks during the Hetmanate, on the site of the residence of the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host – Demyan Ignatovych, Ivan Samoilovich, Ivan Mazepa and Kyrylo Rozumovsky. The reserve is managed by the Ministry of Culture and Information Politics of Ukraine.
However, Konstantyn Korniakt of Białobok was neither innocent nor defenseless. During the Polish-Swedish war in Livonia (1600-1611) he participated in the Siege of Fellin (May 1602, Viljandi, Estonia), fought in the army of field crown hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski at the Battle of Reval (June 1602, Tallinn, Estonia), and with Jan Karol Chodkiewicz at Battle of Weissenstein (September 1604, Paide, Estonia). Korniakt was also well known for his private wars with neighbors. In 1603 he wounded captain Stanisław Branicki (d.
The unit later expanded to include two infantry detachments, a cavalry unit and an artillery battery. With the establishment of Hetmanate of Pavlo Skoropadsky the Sich Riflemen refused to serve him and were disarmed by the German forces that supported the hetman. Soldiers from the unit joined other forces, notably Second Zaporozhian Regiment of Petro Bolbochan and attempted to reestablish the unit under the new command. In August 1918 Skoropadsky finally allowed a partial reestablishment of the unit in Bila Tserkva.
It had 31 members, and formed separate offices to manage the military forces, the administration and the treasury. Jakub Jasinski was named commandant of rebel forces in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. On April 25, Great Hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Szymon Marcin Kossakowski was hanged as a traitor of the Commonwealth. On June 4 Tadeusz Kosciuszko dissolved the Council, as he regarded it too radical, and replaced it with Central Office of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
After that all participants moved to St Sophia's Square, where Skoropadskyi was blessed by Nykodym, the Vicar of Kyiv and Galicia (Metropolitan Vladimir was executed by Bolsheviks). That night the Hetman supporters took over government building of military and internal affairs as well as the State Bank. The following day, the elite and most loyal formation of the Central Council, the Sich Riflemen, was disarmed. Skoropadskyi issued his manifesto (hramota) "To the All-Ukrainian Nation" and the Law of the Provisional State System.
As a head of state the position was established at first by Bohdan Khmelnytsky during the Cossack Hetmanate in the mid 17th century. During that period the office was electoral. Later in the late 18th century it was successfully liquidated by the Russian government during the expansion of the Russian territory towards the Black Sea coast. The position and title was reestablished in 1918 by the Ukrainian General Pavlo Skoropadsky, a descendant of the former Hetman of Ukraine Ivan Skoropadsky.
In 2007, she was elected governor of Lublin Voivodeship. After serving a term as governor, she was selected by the Polish People's Party as a candidate for the Sejm out of Chełm, and as elected with 8,906 votes; she was re-elected to the same position in 2015 with 4,606 votes. On the Sejm, Tokarska serves on the Public Finance Committee. She also ran in the 2014 European Parliament elections, finishing fifth to Krzysztof Hetman out of ten candidates with 6,123 votes.
Zagloba carries a letter from the primate to the monastery of Mons Regius. Michael is now known as Brother Yerzy and is persuaded to leave for the nation's sake and stays at Ketling's house. They are visited by Sobieski, the hetman, and a feast takes place and Michael receives a present of a cream-coloured steed. Michael's sister, Mrs Makovetski, visits Warsaw and is invited to stay with Krystina Drohoyovski and Barbara Yezorkovski, of whom her husband is their guardian.
As noted by Rezachevici, this may in fact refer to his awareness that the Polish army of Stanisław Żółkiewski was preparing the reconquest of Moldavia.Rezachevici (2000), p. 10 Under this Wallachian ascendancy, Moldavia's throne was most probably being prepared for Marcu Cercel.Grigoraș, p. 10; Mihăilescu, p. 47; Rădulescu, pp. 56–57; Rezachevici (2000), pp. 5, 10; Stoicescu, p. 37 The regency council which then emerged is generally believed to have comprised Andronikos, Hetman Udrea Băleanu, Spatharios Negrea, and Armaș Sava.
Plan from mid-17th century One of surviving fragments of the Fortress; today a museum. Zamość Fortress () is a set of fortifications constructed together with the city of Zamość (southeastern Poland). It was built between 1579 and 1618, and the construction was initiated by Chancellor and Hetman Jan Zamoyski. It was one of the biggest fortresses of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, built so solidly that it was able to resist the attacks of both the Cossacks and the Swedes during the Deluge.
As a polkovnyk Krychevsky was known for his favorable attitude towards the Cossacks. In 1644 he was given the task of gathering information on the Tatar invasion; it is possible that he fought in the battle of Okhmativ under Hetman Koniecpolski against Tatars of Tugay Bey. In 1646 and in 1647 he took part in another series of hostilities with the Tatars. Eventually Krychevsky became a friend and a sympathizer of Bohdan Khmelnytsky and even became a godfather to Khmelnytsky's child.
The Battle of Dirschau (also known as Battle of Tczew) took place in the summer of 1627 (17–18 August) and was one of the battles of the Polish–Swedish War (1626–29). The Polish forces led by Crown Field Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski met with troops commanded by Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. Gustavus Adolphus was wounded in the battle, which ended inconclusively. Fighting in Prussia ended in a stalemate for that year, and would not resume until 1628.
Meanwhile, Rakoczi's army headed towards Kraków, and its march was marked by widespread looting and destruction. In May 1657, during a meeting in Sokal, Polish leaders decided to carry out a revenge attack on the Principality of Transylvania. In June of the same year, Swedish forces abandoned Rakoczi, and headed to Denmark, due to the outbreak of the Dano- Swedish War. Meanwhile, Hetman Lubomirski with 4,000 soldiers concentrated his forces in Sambor, and, together with thousands of peasants, invaded Transilvania.
Hanging of traitors by Jan Piotr Norblin Piotr Ożarowski (; 1725 - 9 May 1794 in Warsaw) was a Polish noble (szlachcic), politic and military commander. Member of the infamous Confederation of Targowica, he reached the offices of Great Crown Hetman and castellan of Wojnice. Rawicz (Vrsin) Early supporter of king Stanisław August Poniatowski, he disapproved of his more liberal policies and threw his lot with the pro-Russian conservative faction. From 1789 he was recruited by Russian ambassador to Poland, Otto Magnus von Stackelberg.
From Stackelberg he received a yearly pension from Russia (2000 ducats). He joined the Confederation of Targowica which was opposed to the reforms of the Great Sejm (particularly the Constitution of the 3 May). In 1792 he became the commander of the Warsaw's garrison as well as of the Lesser Poland division. At the Grodno Sejm he supported the Second Partition of Poland and in 1793 he was nominated to the rank of Great Crown Hetman and commander of Warsaw.
Sergeyev began his career in 2000 with FC Dynamo Lviv in the Ukrainian Second League. In 2002, he signed with FC Karpaty-2 Lviv of the Ukrainian First League, and made the senior team in 2004. Midway through the season he went abroad to Poland to sign with Hetman Zamość. In 2005, he returned to his native country to play with FC Krasyliv, and had stints with MFC Mykolaiv, FC Halychyna Lviv, FC Stal Kamianske, FC Arsenal-Kyivshchyna Bila Tserkva, SC Beregvidek Berehove, and FC Rukh Vynnyky.
Hetman Jabłonowski, painted by Piotr Michałowski In the Battle of Vienna Jabłonowski commanded the right wing of the Polish army. In the subsequent years, the heavy burden of command in the expedition against the Turks and Tartars affected both Jabłonowski and the King. Popular among his soldiers, he spent large sums of money on military expeditions and from his own resources maintained garrisons and frontier fortresses. These fortresses not only protected the country's eastern borderlands, but also protected his own assets located within the Ruthenian Voivodeship.
During the reign of John III, Jabłonowski believed that after the death of the monarch he would receive the crown. In 1687, during the long illness of John III, Queen Maria Kazimiera hinted that while widowed she could marry the Hetman. After the death of Sobieski in the year 1696, Jabłonowski supported the candidacy of Prince James Sobieski, but the majority of the nobility at the election in 1697 was in the favour of the Saxon Elector Frederick Augustus I, later crowned as Augustus II.
Maria Dmitrievna Mukhanova was born on 24 May 1879 in Tsarskoye Selo at St. Petersburg in Imperial Russia to Maria Alexandrovna (née Kovalkova) and . She was descended through her maternal great-grandmother Vera Vasilievna Lukashevich-Trepova () of Ukrainian aristocrats, including Hetman, Petro Doroshenko; Ivan Skoropadsky, Danylo Apostol, and Judge Vasyl Kochubey. Mukhanova served in the Imperial Palace as a maid of honour. On 3 February 1903, she married Count Feydor Mikhailovich Nirod, an adjutant's aide and Lieutenant in the Equestrian Regiment of the Imperial Guard.
Mitropolitan Gedeon, portrait 17th century Gedeon Svyatopolk-Chetvertinsky (, Hedeon (Svyatopolk-Chetvertynskyi)) was a Ruthenian prince and religious figure and Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus'. He became the first Metropolitan of Kiev of the Russian Orthodox Church with help of the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host Ivan Samoylovych. Gedeon was born as Hryhoriy to starosta of Racibórz Zachary Svyatopolk-Chetvertynsky and Regina Chrenicka in Volhynian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. From 1660 to 1684 he was a bishop of Lutsk and Ostroh in Volhynia (today Volyn diocese).
Having refused these terms, the king recalled Stanisław Żółkiewski from Moldavia to quell the Nalivaiko Uprising, which had engulfed most of Polish crown lands in Ukraine and Belarus (that time called Ruthenia) by 1596. Nalivaiko joined his forces with the Cossack Hetman Hryhory Loboda (Polish: Hryhor Łoboda) but was forced to retreat to the Left-bank Ukraine. In May 1596 the Cossack tabor was surrounded by Poles near the town of Lubny. The Cossacks fought for two weeks before running out of food and water.
Count Adam Petrovich Ozharovsky () (1776 – 30 November 1855, Warsaw) was a Russian general of Polish descent who distinguished himself during the Napoleonic Wars. His father, hetman Piotr Ożarowski, was seized by the insurrectionists and charged with treason during the Warsaw Uprising, which took place from April 17 to April 19, 1794. He was sentenced to death and executed by hanging three weeks after the insurrectionists gained control of the Polish capital, on May 9, 1794. Possibly as a consequence of this, Adam entered the Russian service.
His election caused widespread discontent among other regiments and the Zaporizhian Host, who sent their runners to Moscow with complaints. As a result, new elections were called that same year at which Vyhovsky was reelected at the General Military Council. This election was also confirmed by Moscow's authorities who were informed according to the Pereyaslav treaty. Moscow continued to accept runners from the regions of Cossack Hetmanate completely disregarding the authority of hetman and spreading rumors that in truth Moscow did not support the candidacy of Vyhovsky.
During the reign of Catherine II of Russia, the Cossack Hetmanate's autonomy was progressively destroyed. After several earlier attempts, the office of hetman was finally abolished by the Russian government in 1764, and his functions were assumed by the Little Russian Collegium, thus fully incorporating the Hetmanate into the Russian Empire. On May 7, 1775, Empress Catherine II issued a direct order that the Zaporozhian Sich was to be destroyed. On June 5, 1775, Russian artillery and infantry surrounded the Sich and razed it to the ground.
The two powers had completely ignored the Hetmanate's interests and partitioned the Hetmanate along the Dnieper in the Truce of Andrusovo. In 1666, Doroshenko restarted Cossack correspondence with the Ottomans.Kármán & Kunčević, p. 139. The Ottoman Empire perceived the Truce of Andrusovo as a threat and began to engage in a more active policy in the region. On 8 June 1668, Doroshenko became the sole hetman of all Ukraine and returned to the idea of putting Ukraine under Ottoman protection, knowing that it would be difficult to survive.
Hetman Petro Doroshenko 1663-65: Teteria and Poland: Pavlo Teteria, who held only the right bank, followed a strongly pro- Polish policy. When his invasion of the left bank failed, he returned to deal with the numerous rebellions that had broken out against the Poles. The behaviour of his Polish allies cost him what little support he had, and he resigned and fled to Poland. 1665-76: Doroshenko and the Turks: The goal of Petro Doroshenko was to re-unite the two halves of Ukraine.
Royal favor continued: Hrehory's nephew Jan Hieronimowicz received his late father's position as Elder of Samogitia in 1564, brother Yurii, who traveled to Moscow for diplomatic negotiations, became castellan of Trakai and Hrehory was appointed Grand Hetman of Lithuania in 1566. Thus, Hrehory Chodkiewicz became the second man after Mikołaj "the Red" Radziwiłł and the Chodkiewiczs controlled three out of five top seats in the Lithuanian Council of Lords. In 1567, Chodkiewicz achieved another victory in Livonia, this time against the Kingdom of Sweden.
Hetman Stefan Czarniecki, poet Jan Andrzej Morsztyn, future king Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki, and parliamentarian Jakub Sobieski, father of the future king John III Sobieski, also visited the town at that time. John II Casimir Vasa visited the town again, after his abdication, in 1669. Reliefs on the facade of the Mannerist-Baroque castle After the First Silesian War in the mid-18th century, Głogówek, then Oberglogau, came under Prussian control. The town was, for the most part, destroyed in a large fire in 1765.
Such appointment is difficult to explain, but possibly it was a result of diplomatic negotiations that ended in a military alliance with the Livonian Order. Kęsgaila brought Lithuanian army to help the besieged Mstislavl and Smolensk, but in both cases the Russians retreated without a fight. He was replaced as Great Hetman by Stanisław Kiszka who distinguished himself in organizing Smolensk's defense. In 1505, he was expelled from the Lithuanian Council of Lords by Alexander Jagiellon for participation in the Union of Mielnik of 1501.
During the civil war and the Muscovite invasion in 1658–1659, Hulyanytsky made several daring attacks against invading forces and Moscow's supporters. Hylyanytsky was also among several prominent Cossacks who wrote a famous letter to Ivan Bezpalyi – the then Moscow-appointed hetman – not to betray his country and Vyhovsky . Hulyanytsky's most noted exploit during the Muscovite invasion was the defence of Konotop. Hulyanytsky and his men (estimated to be around 4,000) held the fortress for 70 days against the 28,000 strong army of Prince Trubetskoy.
Paul John Sapieha () (1609-1665) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic). Sapieha became a Hussar Rotmistrz in 1633, courtier in 1635, Obozny of Lithuania in 1638, Podstoli of Lithuania in 1645, voivode of the Vitebsk Voivodeship in 1646, voivode of the Vilnius Voivodeship and Great Hetman of Lithuania in 1656. He participated in the Battle of Berestechko against Cossacks in 1651. During "The Deluge" he dislodged the Swedish troops from Lublin, took part in the siege of Warsaw and captured Tykocin Castle in 1657.
Zynoviy Bohdan Khmelnytsky (Ruthenian: Ѕѣнові Богдан Хмелнiцкiи;See, for example, the title of Samuil Velichko 1720 chronicle. modern ; 6 August 1657) was a Ukrainian Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host, then in the Polish Crown of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (now part of Ukraine). He led an uprising against the Commonwealth and its magnates (1648–1654) that resulted in the creation of a state led by the Cossacks. In 1654, he concluded the Treaty of Pereyaslav with the Russian Tsardom and thus allied the Cossack Hetmanate with Russia.
At the end of 1647 Khmelnytsky reached the estuary of the Dnieper river. On 7 December, his small detachment (300–500 men), with the help of registered Cossacks who went over to his side, disarmed the small Polish detachment guarding the area and took over the Zaporozhian Sich. The Poles attempted to retake the Sich but were decisively defeated as more registered Cossacks joined the forces. At the end of January 1648, a Cossack Rada was called and Khmelnytsky was unanimously elected a hetman.
The other possible ally was the Orthodox tsar of Moskovia. That government remained quite cautious and stayed away from the hostilities in Ukraine. In spite of numerous envoys and calls for help from Khmelnytsky in the name of the shared Orthodox faith, the tsar preferred to wait, until the threat of a Cossack-Ottoman union in 1653 finally forced him to action. The idea that the tsar might be favourable to taking Ukraine under his hand was communicated to the hetman and so diplomatic activity intensified.
A five Ukrainian hryvnia banknote depicting Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky The Khmelnytsky Monument in Kyiv in 1905 In Ukraine, Khmelnytsky is generally regarded as a national hero. A city and a region of the country bear his name. His image is prominently displayed on Ukrainian banknotes and his monument in the centre of Kyiv is a focal point of the Ukrainian capital. There have also been several issues of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky – one of the highest decorations in Ukraine and in the former Soviet Union.
The Poles, encouraged by their success on the first day, deployed all their available cavalry against the "main Tatar horde" and "Cossack vanguard regiments". The Polish infantry and artillery remained in camp and did not support the cavalry. This time, Tatar cavalry gained the upper hand, pushing the Poles back to their camp but were then "barely repelled" by heavy fire from the Polish infantry and artillery. The Poles lost 300 szlachta, including many officers of "caliber", and the "escort troop of Hetman Mikołaj Potocki".
His early life and rise to power need more documentation. In 1606 he led 10,000 men to raid Podolia and was defeated by Crown hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski at the Battle of Udycz. In 1610 Janibek became Crimean khan and Shahin Giray fled to Khan Temir. Shahin was a successful raider until the Turks forced him out in 1614. The Russian Wikipedia (:ru:Кантемир-мурза) citing Novoselsky says that in 1610 he led 10,000 men to the Russian border where he took many captives and robbed the Russian envoys.
The battle of Ladyzhyn or battle of Ładyżyn () took place on July 18, 1672, during the Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76). It involved a 9,000 strong army, which consisted of Crimean Tatars and a unit of Zaporozhian Cossacks loyal to Petro Doroshenko, and a pro-Polish regiment of Cossack Hetman Mykhailo Khanenko. The forces met near Ladyzhyn, which at that time was called Ładyżyn. Since Khanenko’s regiment numbered only 4,000 soldiers, he asked for help from the Castellan of Podlasie, Karol Luzecki, with 2,500 cavalry and dragoons.
During the Khmelnytsky Uprising, the town saw intense fighting as the citizens attempted to overthrow what they perceived as a society controlled by Poles and Turks. Armies lead by Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky failed to storm the Yahilnytskoho castle, located in the town. The town was captured by the Cossacks in 1655, but was returned to Poland two years later as part of the Truce of Andrusovo. Following subsequent conflicts, Jagielnica was briefly controlled by Turkic forces between 1669-1672, and later by Austria from 1772 onwards.
Also that autumn, Grand Crown Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski defeated an Ottoman incursion in the south of the Commonwealth, freeing his force to lay siege to the Russian town of Sevsk; although Koniecpolski failed to take the fortress, he tied down large Russian forces, preventing them from moving north towards Smolensk. After the relief of Smolensk in the spring of 1634, the Commonwealth army moved towards the fortress Belaya. However, the siege of Belaya turned to a fiasco although the king manage to capture Vyazma.
The Battle of KomarnoБитва під Комарним took place on October 9, 1672, during the Polish-Ottoman War (1672-1676). It was part of Jan III Sobieski’s autumn expedition, aimed at destruction of mounted Tatar units, which plundered southeastern provinces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Battle of Niemirow, Crown Hetman Jan Sobieski headed towards Grodek Jagiellonski, with some 2,500-3,000 cavalry and dragoons. When his unit reached the area of Jaworow, Sobieski realized that main Crimean Tatar forces advanced towards Przemysl and then southwards to Sambir.
After that, Ivan Gonta was handed over to the Poles and was tried for high treason. Sentenced to death by grand Crown Hetman Franciszek Ksawery Branicki, he was then executed in the village of Serby (modern Gontivka) in the Podolian Voivodship. As an added measure, his body was partitioned and nailed to gallows in 14 towns of Podolia. Although largely non-notable during his life, after his death he became a hero of countless folk songs and legends that portrayed him as a hero and a martyr.
First mentioned in a church document from 1419, Izbica became a town in 1750, granted location privileges by Augustus III of Poland including the right of a Jewish settlement. Previously, the unconcluded city rights were issued in 1540 to Hetman Jan Tarnowski, who nevertheless gave them back to the crown. In 1662 some 23 Catholics lived there. In 1744 the Jews of Tarnogóra were brought to Izbica by Antoni Granowski who secured the town privileges for them independently of the already existing old settlement.
The Palace is one of three with the same name in Warsaw. This particular Branicki Palace is on Miodowa Street (the others are located on Nowy Świat Street and Na Skarpie Avenue). Countess Izabella Poniatowska The original building that stood where the palace now stands was a 17th-century mansion of the Sapieha family sold in the beginning of the 18th century to Stefan Mikołaj Branicki. This led to the current palace, built in 1740 by Johann Sigmund Deybel for Grand Crown Hetman Jan Klemens Branicki.
However, his invasion of Wallachia, with the backing of Cossack Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, ended in disaster at the Battle of Finta in 1653. A few years later, Moldavia was occupied for two short intervals by the anti-Ottoman Wallachian prince Constantin Șerban, who clashed with the first ruler of the Ghica family, George Ghica. In the early 1680s, Moldavian troops under George Ducas intervened in right-bank Ukraine and assisted Mehmed IV in the Battle of Vienna, only to suffer the effects of the Great Turkish War.
Euromaidan in Ternopil (2014) thumb Following Potsdam Conference in 1945, Poland's borders were redrawn and Tarnopol (then again, Терно́поль) was incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union. Polish population was resettled to new Poland before the end of 1946. Following the fall of the Soviet Union, Ternopil has become part of the independent Ukraine. In 2013 the mayor of the city Serhiy Nadal issued an order which announced the 2013 year as the year of Jan Tarnowski, the Crown Hetman and Voivode.
The first part is narrated by Joel Hetman Jr. He is summoned home from college by his father, because his mother, Julia, has been found strangled. His father claims that he returned from a business trip and saw the figure of a man fleeing the home. Upon entering the house, he found his wife lying dead in her bedroom. Months later, the father and son are walking down a moonlit road when the father sees something and suddenly turns pale and disappears into the night.
Few signs of the former royal residence and extensive studs remain aside from foundations, which are poorly marked. According to a legend, the heart of King Sigismund II is buried in the underground crypts of the church of St. John, which was built in the years 1579-1601 by the Great Crown Hetman Jan Zamoyski, who became starost of Knyszyn in 1574. A monument of the king is located at the Market Square and the town's coat of arms contains the king's royal monogram.
228 # Боротьба з Грушевським та його школою у Львівському університеті за радянських часів. В кн.: Михайло Грушевський і львівська історична школа: Матеріали конференції (Львів, 24–25 жовтня 1994 р.). [Struggle against Hrushevsky and his history school in Lviv University during the Soviet period. Ref: Mykhailo Hrushevsky and Lvivian history school: Conference materials (Lviv, 24-24 October 1994)] New-York–Lviv, 1995 # Павло Тетеря, незрозумілий гетьман (1662–1665). [Pavlo Teteria, obscure hetman (1662-1665)] "Neopalyma kupyna", 1995, # 1/2 # Україна–Іспанія–Португалія у XVII ст.
The centuries of people's lawmaking predated the Constitution of Ukraine in its current form. There was the Russkaya Pravda, the legal code of Kyivan Rus, the Cossack and hetman constitutions, including the Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk (one of the first constitutional documents in Europe), the Constitution of the Ukrainian State of 1918. The effective Basic Law of Ukraine has been amended several times. The adoption of the Constitution in 1996 marked the beginning of the formation and development of Ukraine as a new democratic and independent state.
Hadiach was granted city rights in 1634. It was a city of Kyiv Voivodeship, Cossack Hetmanate, and Poltava Governorate. At times of Cossack Hetmanate, Hadiach was a residence of Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky, election of which saw division of the Hetmanate along the Dnieper river (see The Ruin (Ukrainian history)). Hadiach is one of the main points of interest to Hasidic Jews visiting Ukraine due to the old cemetery that is on the river running through the city, where Shneur Zalman of Liadi is buried.
At that time, in 28 niches of the town hall were portraits of members of the Tarnowski family – from Spicymir Leliwita to Jan Krzysztof Tarnowski, who died in 1567. In 1570 Tarnów became property of the Ostrogski family, after Zofia Tarnowska, the daughter of the hetman, married prince Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski. In 1588, after Konstanty's death, the town changed hands several times, belonging to different families, which slowed its development. Until the Partitions of Poland, Tarnów belonged to the County of Pilzno, Sandomierz Voivodeship.
Upon his release in April 1773 he was promoted for his merits to the rank of Grand Crown Hetman, but resigned the post in November of that year. Since 1778 he was the Castellan of Kraków and the Voivode of Kraków Voivodship. At the end of his life he was also the Starost of Chełm, Ułany, Romanów, Dolina, Drohobycz and Kruszwica. As a writer, Rzewuski authored a number of classicist comedies (including the 1759 play Natręt) and several historical tragedies, including a biography of Stanisław Żółkiewski (1758).
However, the Tsar, in establishing an armistice with the Poles and in wishing to return us into their hands, has behaved most heartlessly with us.Orest Subtelny: Ukraine – a history, p. 137. University of Toronto Press 1994. . Even after the Treaty of Pereyaslav in 1654 Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky continued to negotiate with the Swedes and in late 1655 his ambassador made proposals to the Swedish king Charles X Gustav to accept Ukraine as a Swedish vassal state and promised him the faithful service of the entire Zaporozhian Host.
Vyshnivets (, translit. Vyshnivets’; ) is an urban-type settlement in the Zbarazh Raion (district) of the Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. Vyshnivets is better known as a family estate of the Polish royal house of Wiśniowiecki (originally Ruthenian princes), which is known for switching from Eastern Orthodoxy to Catholicism (as part of Polonization) as well as the Cossack Hetman Dmytro "Baida" Vyshnevetsky, who established the first Zaporizhian Sich on the island of Small (Mala) Khortytsia on the Dnipro River in 1552 in defense of the lands.
Olesko Castle, the birthplace of John Sobieski John Sobieski was born on 17 August 1629, in Olesko, now Ukraine, then part of the Ruthenian Voivodeship in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth to a renowned noble family de Sobieszyn Sobieski of Janina coat of arms.Red. (Eds.), Jan III Sobieski, p.413 His father, Jakub Sobieski, was the Voivode of Ruthenia and Castellan of Kraków; his mother, Zofia Teofillia Daniłowicz was a granddaughter of Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski. John Sobieski spent his childhood in Żółkiew.
In fact, it was a circuitous and clumsy counter-proposal against pro-Habsburg policy.Bain, R. Nisbet, Slavonic Europe, Cambridge University Press, 1908, p.137. From 1589 Zamoyski, in his role as the hetman, tried to prevent the intensifying Tatar incursions along the Commonwealth south-eastern border, but with little success. In order to deal with the recurring disturbances in that region Zamoyski developed a plan to turn Moldavia into a buffer zone between the Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire; this would lead to a lengthy campaign.
Bust of Hetman Jan Zamoyski in the Royal Castle in Warsaw The fame of Zamoyski, significance in life, endured after his death. He was praised by artists such as Szymon Starowolski and Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, and historians, including Stanisław Staszic, Stanisław Tarnowski and Artur Śliwiński. There were also those critical of him: Hugo Kołłątaj, Józef Szujski, Michał Bobrzyński. Nonetheless, Polish historiography and culture treatment of Zamoyski is mostly positive, and historian Janusz Tazbir remarked that Zamoyski's posthumous career was even more magnificent than his real one.
Prince Stepan Sviatopolk-Chetvertynsky (1575–1659) played a key role in re-establishing the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in 1620. His son Mykola Sviatopolk-Chetvertynsky (?–1659) was a relative of the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, Ivan Vyhovsky. Two of the most notable representatives of the family were Hedeon Zakharovych Svyatopolk- Chetvertynsky, the Metropolitan of Kiev, Galicia and all Little Russia in 1685–90, and Antoni Stanislaw's daughter Marie, who was Alexander I of Russia's mistress and had children by him.
Zhvanets was first mentioned in 1431, when the knight Svychko (or Svichka) received this settlement from King Władysław II Jagiełło. In the 15th century, the Zhvanetsky Castle was built, which was repeatedly rebuilt in the 16th and 17th centuries and was significantly destroyed during the 20th century. In 1620, the Turks and Tatars invaded Podillya having destroyed the fortress. The following year, 40,000 troops led by a Ukrainian Hetman of Zaporozhian Cossacks Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny joined Zhvanets and took part in the Khotyn War.
On 22 July 1664 he received the office of the voivode of Kiev, and on 2 January 1665 he was appointed Field Crown Hetman. Before receiving the news of the nomination he desired for years, he was wounded at Lysianka. Called back by the king, who feared that magnate Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski that he just banished might start a rebellion, his recent wound became infected, and he died on 16 February 1665 in Sokołówka (now Sokolívka) near Lwów, six weeks after receiving this supreme distinction.
Polish Hussars during the Battle of Orsha (1514) Ostrogski's forces continued their pursuit of the routed Russian army and retook most of the previously captured strongholds, including Mstislavl and Krychev, and the advancement of the Russians was stopped for four years. However, the Lithuanian and Polish forces were too exhausted to besiege Smolensk before the winter. This meant that Ostrogski did not reach the gates of Smolensk until late September, giving Vasili III enough time to prepare defense. In December, Hetman Konstanty Ostrogski triumphantly entered Vilnius.
Part of the Lithuanian army opposed the treaty however, forming a confederation led by the magnate and Polish–Lithuanian hetman Paweł Jan Sapieha at Wierzbołów.Frost (2000), p.170 On 24 August, Charles X Gustav joined Wittenberg's forces. The Polish king John II Casimir left Warsaw the same month to confront the Swedish army in the west, but after some skirmishes with the Swedish vanguard retreated southwards to Kraków. On 8 September Charles X Gustav occupied Warsaw, then turned south to confront the retreating Polish king.
Radziwiłł constantly hoped for a positive change of the political situation in the Commonwealth, and therefore remained loyal to some of the Hetmans, however, he refused military aid for the Confederation of Marian Potocki (August 6), although he expressed sympathy towards his policies. In early September, after receiving permission to travel, he crossed the Hungarian border and took part in a forty-day conference in Transylvania. In the first decade of November, he went to Presov to meet his most trusted friend and military commander, Hetman Branicki.
Chekhivsky headed the Ukrainian revkom during the anti-Hetman uprising. From December 26, 1918 to February 11, 1919 Chekhivsky was President of the Council of People's Ministers and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Ukrainian People's Republic. During that time was proclaimed the Unification Act of two Ukraines on January 22, 1919. On January 1, 1919 the government approved laws about the state language of Ukraine (Ukrainian) and about the autocephaly of Ukrainian Orthodox Church that were adopted by the Directorate of Ukraine.
The Jesuit College in Wilno (Vilnius) became Vilnius University under King Stephen Báthory Sobieski decided to attack the largest of the three Turkish corps, stationed at Khotyn, where another battle with the Ottoman Empire took place half a century earlier. The Battle of Khotyn was won when Sobieski's infantry and cavalry stormed and took over the reinforced enemy positions, at the former camp of Hetman Chodkiewicz. With a broken bridge on the Dniester River, the trapped Ottoman army was destroyed on Nov. 11, 1673.
Wiśniowiecki, advised by the Vice-Chancellor, Bishop Andrzej Olszowski, married Eleanor of Austria, who became well regarded for her tenure as the Queen of Poland. The resulting closer relationship with the Austrian Habsburg state contributed to drawing the Commonwealth to its sphere of alliances and into conflicts with the Ottoman Empire.Anita J. Prażmowska – A History of Poland, p. 114 Displeased by the growing Austrian influence, the pro-French camp led by Primate Mikołaj Prażmowski and Hetman Jan Sobieski, became very active undermining King Michał's rule.
General Nikolai Sulima, a portrait by George Dawe Nikolai Sulima (; 1777-1840) was a Russian statesman and military commander, a General of the Imperial Russian Army during Napoleonic Wars and the November Uprising. A distant descendant of hetman Ivan Sulyma and numerous Polish noble families, he joined the army early in his life. He was taken prisoner in the Battle of Austerlitz, but was exchanged for a French officer soon afterwards. During the Russian campaign against Poland in 1831 he took part in the Battle of Warsaw.
Count Alexis de Sakhnoffsky (born 12 November 1901, Kiev, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire (present day Ukraine) – Died: April 27, 1964, Atlanta, Georgia, United States) was a Russian-American industrial designer, known principally for his Streamline-style automotive designs. Sakhnoffsky was born in Kiev, Ukraine. The Sakhnovskys were well-known since the Ukrainian cossack period. They are united with other Cossack Hetman families such as the Zabilas, the Lysenkos, the Bezborodkos, and the Polubotkos as well as famous noble families like the Gogol-Yanovskys, the Tereschenkos, and others.
In the second half of October, a Swedish - Brandenburg - Prussian army of some 9,000 rushed towards the Lithuanians, who camped in the town of Filipów. The Lithuanians were commanded by Hetman Wincenty Korwin Gosiewski, while Swedish-Prussian forces were led by Gustaf Otto Stenbock and Prince Georg Friedrich of Waldeck. While main Lithuanian forces rested in Filipów, Swedish-Prussian army carried out a surprise attack on their rear units, which were stationed in Mieruniszki. As time went by, additional units on both sides entered the battle.
The rebellion began in June 1664, and its leaders immediately called Zaporozhian Cossacks commanded by Ivan Briukhovetsky for help. In response, Crown Hetman Stefan Czarniecki ordered 1000 soldiers to stay at Korsun, in order to check the Cossacks of Briukhovetsky. Main Polish forces headed towards the town, appearing there on July 7. The defence of Stavyshche was commanded by Cossack Colonels Diachko and Bulganin, and Polish forces were supported by Crimean Tatars, who, with permission of Czarniecki, burned all local villages, capturing their inhabitants.
Pylyp Orlyk was after 1709 chosen as a Hetman in exile by the cossacks and the Swedish king Charles XII. While in Bender Orlyk wrote one of the first state constitutions in Europe. This Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk was confirmed by Charles XII and it also names him as the protector of Ukraine. After 1714 Orlyk now together with several other cossacks followed the Swedish king Charles XII to Sweden. Orlyk with his family and about 40 other Cossacks arrived in Ystad, Sweden in late November 1715.
In the fall of 1667 Doroshenko, with support of Crimean Tatars, defeated the Polish forces at the Battle of Brailiv (Brailiv) in Podolia.Petro Doroshenko at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine After the battle, Doroshenko's opposition, led by the Kosh Otaman Ivan Sirko and Tatars stopped his further advance against Poles. With the Right-Bank seemingly secured, Doroshenko and his men crossed into Left-bank Ukraine and supported an uprising of Ivan Briukhovetsky against Muscovy. Following Briukhovetsky's execution, Doroshenko was proclaimed the hetman of all Ukraine on .
As Doroshenko was reaching his zenith of power after successfully reuniting Ukraine, his numerous enemies united against him. The new Polish offensive forced him to return to the Right-bank Ukraine, appointing Demian Mnohohrishny acting hetman of the Left-bank. Doroshenko managed to secure the release from Polish captivity of the Metropolitan of Kyiv, Yosyf Tukalsky- Neliubovych, who moved his seat to Chyhyryn. In January 1668 the Council of Officers (Seniors) in Chyhyryn expressed its support for Doroshenko's intentions to ally with the Ottoman Empire.
With the Hetman coup, the name of the government changed to the Ukrainian State. Skoropadky’s conservative German-backed administration, called the Hetmanate, made major strides and inroads where the Tsentralna Rada had failed. It established a competent bureaucracy and established diplomatic ties with neighbouring countries. When the Central Powers (Germany, Austria, Ottoman, and Bulgaria) lost the war and agreed to an armistice in November 1918, all German armies within Ukraine were recalled and another socialist government, the Directorate, overthrew the conservative monarchy of Skoropadsky.
The Swedish King realized that his forces were not adequate to face the enemy, so he ordered a retreat towards the San river. Furthermore, the Swedes were constantly attacked by Polish guerrilla forces. On March 11, first Swedish units reached the town of Jaroslaw, where they defeated a regiment of Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, which guarded the river crossings. Soon afterwards, the division of Stefan Czarniecki arrived in the area, surprising the Swedes, as they thought it had been destroyed in the Battle of Golab.
Sigismund was anxious to help Habsburgs and was promised territorial gains for Poland in return for his assistance. He sent in an army consisting of mercenaries from the wars in Russia to the Principality of Moldavia, which sparked the Polish–Ottoman War. Khotyn Fortress was the gateway to Poland from the Ottoman Empire In 1620 the Polish forces were defeated at Cecora and Hetman Żółkiewski perished during the battle. In 1621 a strong army of Ottomans, led by Osman II, advanced from Edirne towards the Polish frontier.
Soon after its establishment the party members emigrated to Moscow due to occupation of Ukraine by the armed forces of Central Powers. In June 1918 the party returned to Odessa for an underground resistance. The main interests of the party were terrorists actions against the regime of Hetman of Ukraine, creation of the party's insurgent squads, revolutionary committees, and cooperation with the Bolsheviks in the so-called "The Nine". The party was proud in organization of the Hermann von Eichhorn's assassination along with its Russian counterparts.
In 1913 he quit the USDRP due to the conflict based on the national question. During the time of the Ukrainian revolution Dontsov served in the government of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky, where he became the head of the government's official news agency. During that time together with Vyacheslav Lypynsky and Volodymyr Shemet he created the Ukrainian Democratic-Agrarian Party (Khliboroby-Demokraty). With the fall of the Ukrainian State between 1919 and 1922 he lived in Switzerland, where he headed the press bureau of the Ukrainian People's Republic.
Austrian monarchy stamp cancelled in 1911 in province Galicia The first written mention of Sokal dates from 1377. In 1424, it received Magdeburg rights from Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia, and in 1462, the town became part of Belz Voivodeship, Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown. On August 2, 1519, following the defeat of a Polish-Lithuanian army under Hetman Konstanty Ostrogski by Crimean Tatars, the town was razed by the invaders. Mikolaj Sep-Szarzynski later dedicated one of his poems to this battle.
Silver Tora Crowns and Jewish ceremonial objects from Opatów Synagogue lost in the Holocaust Opatów was the first town in the Sandomierz Voivodeship, in which Jews settled. The original Jewish privileges were issued in 1545 by the Grand Crown Hetman Jan Tarnowski, the starost of Sandomierz and the owner of Opatów. Local Jewish community was first mentioned in the books of the Roman Catholic ecclesiastical Chapter in 1612. Remnant of Jewish cemetery, Opatow, Poland Prior to World War II, Opatów had a substantial Jewish population.
Sahaidachny returned to Zaporizhia, and did not only become a kosh otaman, but was also the Hetman of Ukraine. (Another source claims that in 1621 he was a colonel of the Commonwealth Registered Cossacks regiment). In order to avoid conflict with the Poles, Sahaidachny agreed to limit the Cossack register to 3,000 men, the remainder were regarded as peasants ("kholopy"). He also banned unauthorized Cossack sea raids to Turkey and the king gave Sahaidachny the right to be called an elder of the Cossacks("starshina").
Mykhailo Krychevsky Mykhailo Krychevsky or Stanisław Krzyczewski or Krzeczowski (died 3 August 1649) was a Polish noble, military officer and Cossack commander. He fought for the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth against various Cossack revolts and Crimean Tatar factions. During his time as a Cossack commander, Krychevsky befriended Bohdan Khmelnytsky, who would go on to stage a revolt against the Polish-Lithuanian throne. After being captured by enemy forces in 1648, Krychevsky was ransomed to Khmelnytsky and was named an acting hetman of Khmelnytsky's rebel forces.
In other versions of history, he returned to Russia. Cyril Genik moved with his eldest daughter and one of his sons to the United States, to North Dakota for a time, then returned and died in 1925. Makarii Marchenko, upon Seraphim's departure, declared himself not only the new Bishop of the Seraphimite Church, but also Arch-Patriarch, Arch-Pope, Arch-Hetman, and Arch-Prince. Not to take any chances, or show any favouritism, for good measure he ex-communicated the Pope and the Russian Holy Synod.
Over 10,000 of the infantry would be organized based on the Western model, previously not common in Commonwealth armies. Meanwhile, Field Hetman of Lithuania and Voivode of Vilnius, Krzysztof Radziwiłł, and Voivode Gosiewski established a camp about from Smolensk, moving from Orsha to Bajów and later, Krasne. By February 1633, they had amassed around 4,500 soldiers, including over 2,000 infantry, and were engaged in raiding the rear areas of the Russian besiegers to disrupt their logistics. Hetman Radziwiłł also managed to break through the Russian lines on several occasions, bringing about 1,000 soldiers and supplies into Smolensk to reinforce the fortress and raising the defenders' morale. By the summer of 1633, the relief force, led personally by the king and numbering about 25,000 (20,000 in the Polish–Lithuanian army, according to Jasienica), arrived near Smolensk; they reached Orsha on 17 August 1633. By the first days of September, the main body of the relief forces approaching Smolensk numbered around 14,000. The Russian army, recently reinforced, numbered 25,000. Only when Cossack reinforcements, led by Tymosz (Timofiy) Orendarenko and numbering between 10,000 and 20,000, arrived on 17 September would the Commonwealth army gain numerical superiority.
In order to prepare for and consolidate his annexations, Stalin made concessions to nationality discourse and policy. The rehabilitation of the traditional Ukrainian historical narrative began a few years before the start of WW2 in preparation for the war and as part of the rehabilitated Russian imperial narrative. Only those parts of the Ukrainian narrative that fitted pre- revolutionary imperial narrative were selected for inclusion and were often highly distorted. The key symbol of the new treatment was Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, who had been denounced in Soviet literature of the mid 1930s.
She was the Crown Court Marshall and after the death of her first husband inherited the Kazanowski Palace in Warsaw. Josef Bogusław Sluszka (1652–1701) was Hetman and Castellan of Trakai and Vilnius. Dominik Michał Słuszka (1655–1713) was the Voivode of Polotsk and finally Aleksander Jozef Unichowski became the Castellan of Samogitia. Other families in Lithuania that were part of the Clan of Ostoja became very wealthy. Prince Boratynski's family joined the ClanAdam Boniecki "Herbarz Polski" Warszawa 1899-1913 already in 1450 and was often holding high military rank.
Wisner (2000), p. 67 In 1646 he became a member of the senate of Poland, as he an important office that granted him this privilege: in April that year, he became the Field Hetman of Lithuania. Later, in November, he also received another prestigious title, that of a starost of Samogitia.Wisner (2000), p. 71 In 1648 he was elected to the Lithuanian Tribunal.Wisner (2000), p. 87 Later that year, the Commonwealth suffered two drastic events: death of king Władysław (succeeded by Jan Kazimierz Waza), and the beginning of the Chmielnicki Uprising.
Janusz Radziwiłł trust in the Poles was damaged during the Battle of Vilnius in 1655 when he, being the Great Hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, had to defend the Grand Duchy's capital Vilnius from the approaching Tsardom of Russia forces. When a large Russian army approached Vilnius (at least 41,000 men), Janusz Radziwiłł could muster just 5,000 to 7,000 men. The morale was further damaged by the order of king John II Casimir Vasa to royal troops (about 5,000 men) to retreat to Marienburg. City residents began hasty evacuations.
In 1612, the Movilas and their allies, which included influential Moldavian boyars and statesmen Nicoară Prăjescu, Stroici, Dumitru Buhuș, and Pătrașcu Ciogolea pleaded for support from Poland. The deposed Constantin Movila returned to Moldavia with the support of an invading Polish army under Stefan Potocki and the Polish Field Hetman, Stanisław Żółkiewski. Tomsa raised an army which included mercenaries, Ottomans, and a sizable detachment of Crimean Tartars under his ally, the powerful Khan Temir (or Cantemir) Bey to meet them. The two sides met near Iasi, at the Battle of Cornul lui Sas.
Afterwards he captured Turkish stronghold Ochakiv and besieged Ismail which he failed to capture. Following the death of Demian Mnohohrishny in 1672 Sirko entered the struggle for the hetman title, but instead was sent by the Russian tsar to Tobolsk, Siberia. In 1673 he returned to Ukraine and once again fought against Tatars and Turks, and captured the fortresses Arslan and Ochakiv. In 1675 Zaporozhian Cossacks defeated Ottoman Turkish forces in a major battle, however, the Sultan of Turkey Mehmed IV still demanded that the Cossacks submit to Turkish rule.
In the same year he unsuccessfully besieged Kamieniec Podolski, which has previously fallen into enemy hands. In 1694 he took part in the campaign near the town of Uścieczko where he crushed the allied Tatar and Turkish forces. In 1695 he took part in the great defeat of the last Tatar army at the Battle of Lwów, for which the people of the city erected a monument and a statue with the likeness of Hetman Jabłonowski. In his honor, one of the main streets of the city was renamed to Hetmańska – literally meaning Hetman's Avenue.
Soon the architect's reputation was that good that even hetman Kirill Razumovski hired him to work on his Petrovskoe estate. He received the degree of Master of Mathematics from Moscow UniversityLisovsky, p. 23 and in 1754 Kokorinov passed professional examination as a junior architect, joined the staff of Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli and relocated to Saint Petersburg where he made contact with count Ivan Shuvalov, founder of Moscow State University (1755) and the Imperial Academy of Arts (1757). Kokorinov joined the staff of the Academy since its first days.
Kątski became the General of Artillery of the Crown in 1667. He Participated in all of the campaigns of chief captain, Hetman, and later King John Sobieski, including the siege of Vienna in 1683, when Kątski was only an artillery commander. However all of the armies of the Allies commanded by him managed to get through with 28 guns through the hills of the Viennese Woods and arrive on time to the battlefield. This was later considered by the King to be a great achievement for such an unskilled in the field general.
During his time in the first league he played with FC Skala Stryi, FC Spartak Sumy, and FC Enerhetyk Burshtyn. He returned to the second league in 2007 to play with FC Arsenal-Kyivshchyna Bila Tserkva, where he played for four seasons and won a promotion to the first league. In 2010, he had a stint with FC Naftovyk-Ukrnafta Okhtyrka, and won the second league title in 2011 with FC Poltava. He went across the border to Poland to sign with Hetman Żółkiewka in the III liga.
An early supporter of the magnate opposition to any liberalization (his uncle Hetman Franciszek Ksawery Branicki was its leader), Sapieha changed his position under the influence of Stanisław Małachowski, and became a supporter of reforms, and the 3 May Constitution. He strongly protested, when King Stanisław August Poniatowski joined the Targowica Confederation, and this so angered Sapieha, that he decided to leave Poland. He briefly settled in Dresden. After the outbreak of the Kościuszko Uprising, he returned to his homeland and participated in the uprising, holding the rank of an Artillery Captain.
Their son Krzysztof sold the estate to Aleksander Jakub Lubomirski and Karolina Fryderyka von Vitzthum. Since the year 1736, it was owned by brothers Stanislaw and Jan Jozef Lochocki. The Green Study Room The estate had its prime with various owners – The Great Hetman of Lithuania Michal Kazimierz Oginski (1766-1774) and Michael Hieronim and Helena of Radziwill clan, who was also the creator of nearby Arkadia. During their presence in the mansion, its interior has been pompously furnished with rococo and early classicist ornaments designed by Szymon Bogumił Zug.
Among such events was the invasion of the city by the Russian forces in course of the Great Northern War in 1706 that robbed the city in the revenge for Józef Potocki's switching the sides in the support of Stanisław Leszczyński. In 1712 the city was robbed again during some inter- magnate conflicts when it was invaded by the forces of Polish Hetman Sieniawski. In 1710 a quarter of the city population (1332) died of typhus. The streets in the city were starting to be paved in cobbles around 1695.
Battle of Podhajce took place on 8-9 September 1698 near Podhajce in Ruthenian Voivodship during the Great Turkish War. 6000-strong Polish army under Field Crown Hetman Feliks Kazimierz Potocki repelled a 14,000 man Tatar expedition under Qaplan I Giray. Lack of sufficient number of light cavalry on the Polish side prevented a successful pursuit of Tatars and their captives. It was the last Polish-Tatar battle ever and the last Polish battle of the Great Turkish War: only months later the Treaty of Karlowitz was signed.
In the early stages of Michael's revolt against the Ottoman Empire, Băleanu drove the Wallachian military forces into Rumelia, relieving Nikopol. He served as Ban of Oltenia, then commanded supporting contingents in the 1599 campaign to annex Transylvania. The following year, Michael employed him as one of his four regents in Moldavia, and also made him commander of the Moldavian army, with the title of Hetman. This assignment made Băleanu a direct enemy of the Movilă dynasty, which claimed the Moldavian throne, and of the Movilăs' backers in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The brigade landed at "A" Beach, Suvla Bay on 18 August and moved into bivouacs at Lala Baba on 20 August. On 21 August it advanced to Chocolate Hill via Salt Lake and Hetman Chair and took part in the attack on Scimitar Hill. Due to losses during the Battle of Scimitar Hill and wastage during August 1915, the 2nd Mounted Division had to be reorganised. On 4 September 1915, the 1st Composite Mounted Brigade was formed from the 1st (1st South Midland), 2nd (2nd South Midland) and 5th (Yeomanry) Mounted Brigades.
Visitors from abroad commented on the high level of literacy, even among commoners, in the Hetmanate. There was a higher number of elementary schools per population in the Hetmanate than in either neighboring Muscovy or Poland. In the 1740s, of 1,099 settlements within seven regimental districts, as many as 866 had primary schools. The German visitor to the Hetmanate, writing in 1720, commented on how the son of Hetman Danylo Apostol, who had never left Ukraine, was fluent in the Latin, Italian, French, German, Polish and Russian languages Volodymyr Sichynsky (1953).
The Mezhyhirskyi Monastery, located on the right bank of the Dnieper, Fyodor Solntsev, 1843 In 1620 The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople reestablished the Kiev Metropolis for the Eastern Orthodox communities that refused to join the Union of Brest. In 1686 the Orthodox Church in Ukraine changed from being under the jurisdiction of the Patriarch in Constantinople to being under the authority of the Patriarch of Moscow. Nevertheless, before and after this date local Church leaders pursued a policy of independence. Hetman Ivan Mazepa established very close relations with Metropolitan Varlaam Iasynsky (reigned 1690–1707).
Cossack Rada (, Kozats'ka Rada) or General Military Council was a general Cossack assembly (council) often military in nature. Originally established at the Zaporizhian Sich, the rada (council) was an institution of Cossack administration in Ukraine from the 16th to the 18th century. With the establishment of the Hetman state in 1648, it was officially known as the General Military Council until 1750. One of the most famous of those councils was the Chorna rada of 1663, described in the novel Chorna Rada (The Black Council) by Panteleimon Kulish.
They thus engaged in a long struggle for independence from surrounding powers, the Rzeczpospolita (Polish state), the Ottoman Empire, the Crimean Khanate, and the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire. The Sich became the centre of Cossack life, governed by the Sich Rada alongside its Kosh Ataman (sometimes called Hetman, from German "Hauptmann"). In 1648, Bohdan Khmelnytsky captured a sich at Mykytyn Rih, near the present-day city of Nikopol. From there he began an uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that led to the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate (1649–1764).
There is very little known about Radvanas and researchers make educated guesses based on his works. Some biographical data was provided by Franciszek Siarczyński (1758–1829) but it is unclear where Siarczyński obtained that information as it cannot be verified by researchers. Siarczyński wrote that Radvanas was born and educated in Vilnius, traveled in Western Europe with the support of Lithuanian Grand Hetman Hrehory Chodkiewicz, and later worked as Chodkiewicz's secretary. Radvanas was active between 1584 and 1592 which would imply that he was born in the middle of the century.
Ivan KrypiakevychTomb of Ivan Krypiakevych at Lychakivskiy Cemetery, Lviv. Ivan Krypiakevych (; 25 June 1886 – 21 April 1967) was a Ukrainian historian, academician, professor of Lviv University and director of the Institute of Social Sciences of Ukraine. He was a specialist on Ukrainian history of the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, writing extensively on the social history of western Ukraine and the political history of the Ukrainian Cossacks, especially during the time of Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky. He also wrote many textbooks for school use, popularizations, and some historical fiction for children.
Prince Trubetskoy's hopes for a quick resolution of the Konotop stand-off were dimmed when Hulyanytsky and his Cossacks refused to betray hetman Vyhovsky and mounted a fierce and protracted defence of Konotop with only 4,000 Cossacks.Tucker, S.C., A Global Chronology of Conflict, Vol. Two, 2010, Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, LLC, According to a historian Markevych, on 21 April 1659, after a morning prayer, Trubetskoy ordered an all-out assault on the fortress's fortifications. The city was shelled, a few incendiary bombs were dropped inside, and the army moved on to capture the city.
The Siege of Weissenstein took place between May 31 and September 30, 1602, during the Polish–Swedish War (1600–11). Two weeks after the capture of Fellin, Grand Crown Hetman Jan Zamoyski led the Polish-Lithuanian army of 2,000 troops to besiege Weissenstein (now known as Paide in Estonia). Weissenstein, a major transportation hub in Estonia, was a site of strategic importance to both Poland and Sweden. Located among the marshes and built during the Teutonic period, the castle had strong artillery and was defended by 700 soldiers, local peasants, and townspeople.
Defeated by the Russian forces under Alexander Suvorov in the Battle of Stołowicze, he was forced into exile. However, in 1768 he was allowed to return and was nominated to the rank of the Grand Hetman of Lithuania, thus becoming one of two highest-ranking military commanders in the Polish–Lithuanian state. During the Great Sejm of 1788-1791, Ogiński was a member of the Patriotic Party. However, following the defeat of his faction in the Polish–Russian War of 1792, he resigned his post and retired to his family manor in Słonim.
Furthermore, John Casimir was backed by the Kingdom of France, the Swedish Empire and Brandenburg-Prussia. The stalemate ended when Sigismund Rakoczi backed out of the election, after the death of his father (on October 11). Hetman Janusz Radziwiłł, who had supported Rakoczi, then decided to back John Casimir. Also, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, himself a Polish subject, who at the same time commanded the siege of Zamość Fortress, sent a letter to Warsaw, expressing his support of John. Khmelnytsky’s letter was welcomed by the electors, who hoped for a truce with the Cossacks.
The stronghold and the neighbouring town were built in 1692, by Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski, Grand Hetman of the Crown. The site was chosen by King Jan III Sobieski of Poland, as a measure to stop a possible attack from the nearby Turkish-seized fortresses of Kamieniec Podolski, twenty kilometers away, and Chocim, eight kilometers away. The fortress was expanded by Tylman of Gameren, one of the most notable Polish architects of the time. The site is a natural fortress: a small strip of high rocks linking the Zbruch and Dnister rivers.
Stanisław Lanckoroński (c. 1597-1657) was a Polish–Lithuanian magnate as well as a politician and military commander. Stanisław became starost of Skała in 1641, castellan of Halicz in 1646, castellan of Kamieniec, voivode of Bracław Voivodeship and Grand Regimentarz of the Crown in 1649, voivode of Ruthenian Voivodeship in 1652, Field Crown Hetman from 1654 until February 19, 1657 and starost of Stobnice and Dymirsk. He was married to Anna Sienienska and had eight children: Hieronim Lanckoroński, Przecław Lanckoroński, Franciszek Stanislaw Lanckoroński, Jan Lanckoroński, Zbigniew of Brzezia, Mikołaj Lanckoroński, Marcin Lanckoroński and Joanna Lanckorońska.
On 18 May 1687, a Russian army of about 90,610 soldiers, led by knyaz Vasily Golitsyn, left Okhtyrka on the Belgorod Line. On 2 June they were joined by 50,000 Left Bank Cossacks under hetman Ivan Samoilovich at the mouth of the Samora River where the Dnieper turns south. In the heat of summer, 140,000 men, 20,000 wagons and 100,000 horses set out down the east bank of the Dnieper. The huge force, which started too late and was perhaps not well organized, could only travel about 10km per day.
Once the Poles convinced the Tartars to switch sides, the Zaporozhian Cossacks needed military help to maintain their position. In 1648, the Hetman (leader) of the Zaporozhian Host, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, offered to ally with the Russian tsar, Aleksey I. Aleksey's acceptance of this offer, which was ratified in the Treaty of Pereyaslav in 1654, led to a protracted war between Poland and Russia. The Truce of Andrusovo, which did not involve the Hetmanate (Cossack Hetmanate) as a participating party of the agreement ended the war in 1667. Cossacks considered it as a Moscow betrayal.
The Treaty of Kėdainiai or Kiejdany, signed on 17 August 1655, was a Swedish–Lithuanian agreement during the Second Northern War. After the Polish forces had been decisively defeated in the Battle of Ujście, whereupon the Poznań and Kalisz palatines surrendered to Sweden, Lithuanian hetman Janusz Radziwiłł decided to discontinue the war. In Kėdainiai, he accepted Swedish protection. The treaty further specified that the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was not dissolved and Lithuanian forces would not fight Polish forces, although the text of the treaty included protests against the lack of Polish support.
Drawing of the palace's main facade before reconstruction, in 1830 Sapieha Palace before restoration Sapieha Palace (side view) Sapieha Palace (, ) is a High Baroque palace in Sapiegos str., Antakalnis district of Vilnius, Lithuania. It is the only surviving of several palaces formerly belonging to the Sapieha family in the city. The palace, ordered by Polish prince and Great Hetman of Lithuania Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Younger was built in Baroque style in 1691-1697 in the place of former wooden mansion of Lew Sapieha (who died here in 1633).
Gancarczyk started to play football in his early teens, in junior teams of Podkarpacie Pustynia. After several seasons there and after a short spell at second Polish division club Hetman Zamość, Gancarczyk made his way to the capital of Ukraine, Kiev, where he joined local Arsenal Kyiv. Having also briefly performed for west Ukrainian club Volyn Lutsk, Gancarczyk was transferred to Metalist Kharkiv, where he has remained since, and has reached a position of vice-captain at the club.Source: Metalist Kharkiv Official Website In 2007, he was voted the best left-back in Ukraine.
On 31 January 1610 Sigismund received a delegation of boyars opposed to Shuyski, who asked Władysław to become the tsar. On 24 February Sigismund sent them a letter in which he agreed to do so, but only when Moscow was at peace. The so-called "Sigismundian" map illustrating Moscow in 1610, commissioned by Sigismund III of Poland Hetman Żółkiewski, whose only other choice was mutiny, decided to follow the king's orders and left Smolensk in 1610, leaving only a smaller force necessary to continue the siege. With Cossack reinforcements, he marched on Moscow.
While Subotiv or Chyhyryn are most commonly identified as alternative places for his birth, historian Stanisław Barącz believes that he was born in Zhovkva (Żółkiew). He was born into the Russian lesser nobility. His father was a courtier of Great Crown Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, but later joined court of his son-in-law Jan Daniłowicz, who in 1597 became starosta of Korsuń and Chyhyryn and appointed Mykhailo as his deputy in Chyhyryn (podstarosta). For his service, he was granted a strip of land near the town, where Mykhailo set up a khutor Subotiv.
Mikołaj Potocki was successful again and after six weeks long siege Cossacks were forced to capitulate on 3 August 1638. Like the year before this time also some registered Cossacks joined rebels while some of them remained loyal. Unlike last time, Potocki decided not to punish the rebelled ones but forced all of them to swear loyalty to the king and the state and swear not to seek revenge against each other. Hetman also agreed on their request to send emissaries to the king to seek royal grace and preserve Cossack rights.
The defeat was one of the reasons Janusz Radziwiłł and several other Lithuanian magnates surrendered the Grand Duchy to Sweden at the Union of Kėdainiai. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was invaded by large Russian (starting the Russo-Polish War (1654–67) in July 1654) and Swedish armies (starting the Swedish Deluge in July 1655). When a large Russian army approached Vilnius, hetman Janusz Radziwiłł could muster just 5,000 to 7,000 men. The morale was further damaged by the order of king John II Casimir Vasa to royal troops (about 5,000 men) to retreat to Marienburg.
Both forces faced off near the village of Hermanivka. There the rest of cossacks deserted Vyhovsky and rallied under Yuri Khmelnytsky, while Vyhovsky was left with the Polish troops and other mercenaries. A council was gathered with participation of both sides where the union with Poland-Lithuania was proclaimed unpopular and due to the rising arguments and threats Vyhovsky has left the meeting. The council elected Khmelnytsky the new hetman and an official request to surrender the power was sent to Vyhovsky who had no other choice as to comply.
During this period of history there was a higher number of elementary schools per population in the Hetmanate than in either neighboring Muscovy or Poland. In the 1740s, of 1,099 settlements within seven regimental districts, as many as 866 had primary schools. The German visitor to the Hetmanate, writing in 1720, commented on how the son of Hetman Danylo Apostol, who had never left Ukraine, was fluent in the Latin, Italian, French, German, Polish and Russian languagesVolodymyr Sichynsky (1953). Ukraine in foreign comments and descriptions from the VIth to XXth century.
According to a local legend, in the region near Ocieka there occurred a battle against the Tatars. The Polish knights achieved a resounding victory. To commemorate this, a hill close by became known as ‘Góra Tatarska’ (Tatar Hill). In 1531 the Grand Crown Hetman, Jan Amor Tarnowski led a Polish army against the Moldavian Prince (‘Hospodar’) Petru IV Rareş () in the Battle of Obertyn. Despite being outnumbered four to one, the battle ended with a Polish victory, a complete Tatar surrender, and the reconquest of Pokuttya or ‘Pokuttia’ (, , ).
The inhabitants were not under the squires control but under the king's rule. In 1477 several villages were included in the general area of Hivniv, This area was extended 1n 1595. In 1914 there were more than 20 villages surrounding the town of Hivniv. In 1497 the crusaders came to the district to help the Polish king against Turkish invaders. In 1548-9 the Tatars invaded; from 1648-1655 the area suffered from the Cossack uprising under Bohdan Khmelnytsky, hetman of the Zaporozhian who joined forces with the Tartars against Poland.
Nikolo-Tikhvinsky Monastery in 1900 During the 19th century and up until 1928 the territory of modern Belgorod Oblast remained part of Kursk and Voronezh Governorates. After the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in April 1918, in January 1919 the territory was incorporated into the Ukrainian State under hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi. The current administrative-territorial boundaries of Belgorod Oblast were formed by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on 6 January 1954. The oblast was formed from several districts of Kursk and Voronezh Oblasts.
Already under the rule of the Muscovite Kingdom, the territory of Kyiv was built up with fortress fortifications from Khreshchatyk to Pechersk - the last fortification to be built. This was done in order to prevent the penetration of the enemy through the territory of the then Ukraine to Russia. In 1679, the Cossack troops under the leadership of Hetman Samoilovich during the last years of the 17th century united the Old Kyiv and Pechersk fortifications - and one huge fortress was formed. At the beginning of the XVIII century the Pechersk citadel was already completely rebuilt.
As a young man he served in a Cossack regiment as a Towarzysz and fought in battles against the Swedes (1626-1629). Under the command of Hetman Stanislaw Koniecpolski, he took part in the suppression of the Taras Fiedorowicz Cossack uprising in 1630-1631. He also participated in military campaigns against Moscow. He was a bearer of the Lubicz coat of arms. In 1648, he became Chamberlain of the city of Poznań, and held the title of Castellan of Gniezno from 20 February 1659 to 18 August 1681.
Shchenya took an active part in the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and border disputes and skirmishes, which had preceded the war. In 1493, Shchenya and his relative Prince Vasili Ivanovich Patrikeyev (also known as Vassian Kosoy) captured the city of Vyazma and transferred its princes to Moscow. During the Russo-Swedish War (1496–1499) his army devastated Finland. In 1499, under the leadership of Prince Daniil Kholmsky, Shchenya defeated the Grand Hetman of Lithuania Konstanty Ostrogski in the Battle of Vedrosha and took him prisoner.
The Beginning and Progress of the Muscovy War (Polish: Poczatek i progres wojny moskiewskiej) is a memoir written by the Polish hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, in which he describes the events of 1609 - 1611, when he participated in the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18). The book was probably written in 1612 and first published 1833 by Konstanty Slotwinski in Lwow, which at that time was part of Austrian Galicia. Slotwinski titled it The History of Muscovy War until the Capture of Smolensk. Following the example of Julius Caesar, Zolkiewski presents himself in the third person singular.
The Sejm ordered extra taxes, but this was not enough to finance military effort of the Commonwealth: also, the king appropriated some of the tax money, to cover the cost of Siege of Smolensk, for which he paid with his private funds. No money was sent to the Commonwealth garrison stationed in the Moscow Kremlin. On October 16, a Russian delegation came to Warsaw, asking the Sejm to immediately send Duke Wladyslaw to Moscow. On October 29, Crown Hetman Stanislaw Zolkiewski made a triumphant entry into Warsaw, marching along Krakowskie Przedmiescie to the Royal Castle.
At first, the Polish King Władysław IV Waza, known for his friendly attitude towards the Cossacks, was hesitant to execute Sulyma, especially since he was a person upon whom the Pope himself bestowed his medal. However, pressured by the nobility who wanted to show that no rebellions against the 'established order' will be tolerated, the order for an execution was given; after being tortured, Sulyma was cut to pieces and his body parts were hung on the city walls of Warsaw. Myroslav, Mamchak. Ivan Sulyma, Hetman of Zaporizhzhya Host.
During the uprising, the castle was unsuccessfully besieged by local Cossacks and insurgents led by Commander Maksym Kryvonis. In 1651, the castle was then subject to another Cossack siege led by Hetman Ivan Bohun, before an unexpected counterattack by Polish insurgents under commanders Aleksandrenka and Chuika re-established the Polish presence in the area and relieved the siege. A 60,000 force army led by Khmelnytsky himself reasserted Cossack control over the castle in 1652. Just one year later, the castle was attacked yet again, this time by a 40,000 strong Crimean Tatar horde.
Bishop of Akkerman Nikodim, 1908 Nikodim (Cyrillic: Никодим; born as Nikolai Vasilyevich Krotkov (); 1868-1938) was a bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church, later the Archbishop of Kostroma and Galich. He confirmed Pavlo Skoropadsky as the Hetman of Ukraine on April 29, 1918 in the Saint Sophia Cathedral. During the Revolutionary period in Ukraine 1917-1920 he served as a Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia as a vicar to the murdered by Bolsheviks Metropolitan Vladimir. In 2000 he was recognized as a hieromartyr by the Russian Orthodox Church.
However, the transaction was apparently never accomplished as in the following decades the village was still registered as a royal property in state's registers. The conflict for the village's ownership lasted 230 years. The matter was first settled in 1593, when Stanisław Żółkiewski, then the castellan of Lvov, donated the village to Gedeon Balaban, the bishop of Lvov. It then passed to his relative Alexander, who died heir-less. In December 1638 king Władysław IV of Poland donated the village to his podczaszy Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski, father to hetman Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski.
The Basilian Gate as seen from the city's central street The Monastery of the Holy Trinity (, , ) is a monastery built in Vilnius by the Ruthenian Uniate Church and Grand Hetman of Lithuania Konstanty Ostrogski as a thanksgiving to the God for the victory in Battle of Orsha. It belongs to the Order of Saint Basil the Great and the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The church is dedicated to the Holy Trinity. Beside this church, the monastery compound contains a fortified entrance gate, a university, a hotel complex for visitors, monastic cells including the Konrad's cell.
In 1670 significant funds to renew the church contributed Great Hetman of Lithuania Michał Kazimierz Pac and Great Treasurer Hieronymus Kryszpin- Kirchenstein, particularly towards the altar of Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych. The Basilian monks were banished from the monastery in 1821 and the wing of the men's monastery was converted into a prison. Between 1823-1824, Romantic poet Adam Mickiewicz and other Vilnius University students, members of the Filaret Association were imprisoned in the monastery for their engagement in secret organizations fighting for the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth independence from the Russian rule.
Near Konotop, the Russians were soundly defeated. However, Vyhovsky was not able to capitalize on this victory, as the Russian garrisons in several Cossack towns continued to hold out and his Tatar allies were forced to return to the Crimea when it was attacked by independent Cossacks. Furthermore, pro- Russia unrest led by Ivan Bohun broke out again amongst the Cossacks. In 1659, faced with a second rebellion against his rule and unable to master the dangerous and chaotic forces vying for power in Ukraine, Vyhovsky surrendered the office of hetman and retired to Poland.

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