MACHAKOS, Kenya (Reuters) - Kenya's farmers are grubbing up their coffee bushes to plant other crops as low prices and climate change drive small growers to the brink of collapse.
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Exports fell from 700,000hl in 2002 to 370,000hl in 2011. Between 2007 and 2011, 35% of the region's vineyards were taken out of production under an EU grubbing up initiative.
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Manual removal of the Japanese knotweed has preserved heritage stations of common butterbur and hart's-tongue fern. Early hand pruning was conducive to orchids. The late mowing seems rather ineffective. The grubbing-up of the Canada golden-rod and American asters was successful.
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Volunteers grubbing-up Japanese knotweed The second version of the environmental management scheme covers the period 2007–2012. It presents the knowledge, management, monitoring and vulgarization objectives. The preservation of the existing diversity was the most important goal. It required conservation of the heritage plant communities: tall-herb fen with common butterbur, the chasmophytic vegetation with hart's-tongue fern and the woody fringe Lathyro sylvestris – Astragaletum glycyphylli.
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Four BI spokespersons then held an inconclusive discussion with the Minister of the Interior Ekkehard Gries (FDP) on the cleared area of the hut village about a possible halt to the grubbing- up work until the decision of the State Court (so-called " Naked Saturday").M. Himmelheber (Hrsg.): Startbahn 18 West, Bilder einer Räumung. Minotaurus, 1982. Another version of this story has it that the day was called Naked Saturday because many protesters went to the site too lightly clothed for the weather, which turned out to be cold.
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The first tree felling work began before the winter for technical reasons. First, a seven-hectare site was cleared directly at the airport site. On 2 November 1980, 15,000 people, mainly environmentalists and students, as well as many elderly people from the region, demonstrated on the edge of the forest in Walldorf. Since the planned occupation actions of the protest movement failed due to the long-running police concept, the citizens' initiative decided to expand the BI-Hütte into a permanently inhabited hut village in order to be able toreact more quickly and appropriately to grubbing-up intentions.
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The dairy was managed by a tenant family, with the produce being regularly sent to market in Sydney "to meet the various items of expenditure incurred in the maintenance of the other convict-servants on the farm." The convict labour was employed in felling and burning off trees for land clearing operations and cultivation, or in grubbing up the roots of those that had been already felled; in ploughing, sowing, reaping, threshing and grinding wheat; in planting, hoeing, pulling, and threshing Indian corn. About one hundred and fifty acres of heavily timbered land had been cleared and cultivated in this way. In 1832, about eighty acres of land was under wheat and another eighty acres was under maize.
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Currie bought a substantial property, Horsley Towers, at East Horsley, in 1784 although it was not until 1820 that he commissioned Sir Charles Barry to build a second manor house in the Elizabethan style on the site.View of Horsley TowersThe Gentleman's Magazine, Volume 99, 1829 In 1792, an Inclosure Act enabled him to enclose most of Horsley Common at the northern end of the parish and the common fields and waste at the southern part. He created an open park, grubbing up hedges, but leaving trees standing and planting others. He restored the church of St Martin,St Martin's Church East Horsley established a school and improved or rebuilt most of the houses in the village.
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As European Union agriculture commissioner, Boel has been a vocal advocate for various vine pull schemes in an attempt to compensate for the 1.7 billion bottle wine surplus that Europe has had for the last several vintages. Every year, the European Union spends 500 million euros to distill the excess wine into industrial alcohol. Under the 2007 reform, subsidies for distilling unwanted wines are being phased out, and the money is being spent instead on a broad menu of measures to make the wine sector more competitive and to care for vine landscapes. In an important step to prepare for liberalisation, a three-year voluntary "grubbing-up scheme", with strong environmental safeguards, is offering money to uncompetitive producers who wish to dig up their vines and leave the sector.
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