160 Sentences With "grouting" | Random Sentence Generator

You stop grouting when you can't put any more grout in a hole.

Iraqi and American officials are reluctant to discuss how long the grouting was suspended.

The grouting came to a standstill—but the passage of water underneath the dam did not.

That could mean crafts, picking up the piano again, or re-grouting the tiles in your bathroom.

As in Mosul, experts expressed concerns but decided that aggressive grouting would allow the dam to function normally.

The machines are drilling boreholes that will be filled with concrete -- a process called grouting -- which needs to happen daily.

" To control the erosion, the government began a crash program of filling the voids with cement, a process called "grouting.

Under the contract, the Italians will do the grouting for a year, and then leave the equipment with their Iraqi counterparts.

In all, the ISIS occupation, looting, damaged machinery and a lack of staff meant the grouting process was halted for 45 days.

When the dam was recaptured, American engineers and scientists worried that the lapse in grouting had hastened the erosion of the dam's foundation.

Steam-cleaning has other costs too: because the process weakens the grouting that hold paving slabs in place, Siggery said, the slabs can move apart.

The Iraqis also lost their usual source of grouting material, which was produced by a factory in Mosul, now under the control of the Islamic State.

U.S. Army Lieutenant General Sean MacFarland said Iraqi authorities understood "the potential" for the collapse of the hydroelectric dam, whose foundation requires constant grouting to maintain structural integrity.

Over time, the water corrodes the system, rusting and rotting its infrastructure — and yet sealing and grouting these leaks often requires rerouting service on lines, further frustrating riders.

Riachi says that even if grouting were attempted, the enormous amount of cement required would cause the project cost to balloon to at least three times the stated estimate.

It was largely a party affair; only a handful of journalists or average citizens attended, and there was no discussion of grouting and the industry-wide skepticism about it.

But the United States has its doubts about the current quality and quantity of the grouting, and fears that chasms opening up beneath the dam could lead to its collapse.

The bricks are made out of baked birdseed and sugar grouting, and little beaks peck at the untitled artwork by Björn Braun from outside, eating their way into the exhibition.

Grouting crews fan out across the subways every night, looking for runnels down walls and stalactites of muck oozing from ceilings, patching up incursions that are closest to electrical components first.

We&aposre thinking the lack of grouting will make it easy to clean, and since this bathroom will be mostly used by the kids, it&aposs about as practical as you can get.

An Italian company has been awarded a contract to make urgent repairs to the dam which has suffered from structural flaws since its construction in the 1980s and requires constant grouting to maintain structural integrity.

If he had done a patch test with a few tiles and let me see the dried version first, we wouldn't have wasted days scraping out the first color and re-grouting the entire floor.

Victor Salgado, who makes $230 per hour with no benefits doing maintenance at an aerosol company and spent three years before that grouting floors, said he was attracted by the promise of an upgrade in pay and benefits.

Because of the high proportion of gypsum in the area, the construction included a grouting tunnel to allow almost constant injection of cement and drilling mud into crevices in the base that are widened by the water flowing through them.

Although warned repeatedly about the unstable nature of the rock by successive foreign consultants, Saddam Hussein's regime ignored this advice and went ahead with the project, viewing it as a symbol of state power and vowing to use grouting as a solution.

While Wenger delivered his summary of the match in the wry, semi-flirtatious tone he saves for near-victories, Dyche sounded even more gravelly than usual, like he was speaking through the other side of cement mixer filled with grouting, raw house coal and three week's worth of dried-out Richmond Superking filters.

At festivals and in clubs around the world, an endless procession of DJs spend their nights with faces slipping into the kind of bleakly blank non-countenance normally associated with grouting, while tingling intoxicators stumble from dancefloor to smoking area and back again, their faces a terrifying blend of bug eyes and tight jaws.

As should be standard on all thermal grouting projects, samples were sent to Geotherm Inc.

Grouting of the cracks was suggested as a solution to strengthen the damaged portions of the walls.

The dam was the first in Britain to use chemical grouting to create a waterproof barrier below the embankment. Balfour Beatty constructed the embankment and ancillary works. Soil Mechanics and Bachy Soletanche were responsible for the chemical grouting and for tunnelling work. Consulting engineer was Babtie, Shaw and Morton.

Robert William Rennison, Civil Engineering Heritage: Northern England, p.81A. Clive Houlsby, Construction and Design of Cement Grouting; A Guide to Grouting in Rock Foundations John Wiley & Sons, 1990, Rudolph Glossop, The Invention and Development of Injection processes Part II: 1850-1960, Geotechnique, Vol. 11, 4, December 1961, p.255-279.

During Saddam Hussein's rule, the construction of the Mosul Dam began in 1981 by a GermanItalian consortium that was led by Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft. Because the dam was constructed on a foundation of soluble gypsum, the engineers recommended thorough grouting within the foundation before the superstructure was built. Instead, to speed construction of the dam, engineers blanket-grouted deep around the foundation and a curtain directly below the dam. A grouting gallery that would allow continuous grouting of the dam's foundation in order to promote stability was also installed.

Grouting has two obvious visual effects: the distinct edges of the slates blur into a monolithic roof panel and also, as the grout is a pale white, paler than other building materials visible, the roof becomes much more prominent. Grouting is seen predominately along the western seaboard of the UK, particularly in Pembrokeshire in South West Wales and to a lesser extent the Isle of Anglesey, Cornwall and Devon. It has also been used, primarily as a sealant, on porous stone slates such as the Permian sandstones of Dumfriesshire. Grouting developed as a repair technique.

The foundation grouting required an unusually large amount of material to fill cracks in the upper , with additional grouting required at the right abutment and outlet works.Wiltshire, pp. 108–109 Work on the dam was completed by the end on 1963, with final completion on April 24, 1964. Work on the powerplant started in 1963, with completion in 1965.

Grout is injected with grouting jets, which use a high-pressure fluid stream (i.e., slurry or water) to erode a cavity in the soil.

The aim of grouting is to enwrap the prestressed anchor body, prevent it from being eroded, fill the cracks and improve the surrounding rock.

The hydrant was an invention to inject grouting behind cast iron tunnelling shield cavities to strengthen tunnel wall linings during construction with a permanent position.

In 1876,A. Clive Houlsby, Construction and Design of Cement Grouting; A Guide to Grouting in Rock Foundations, p.273 John Wiley & Sons, 1990, with the reservoir partially filled, water was found percolating through fissures in rock to downstream of the cut-off trench.Hawksley, Thomas, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography The supervising engineer, Thomas Hawksley, initially extended the cut-off with brickwork and concrete, but the leakage continued.

These are caused by barbed wire being stretched over the roof before grouting. The wire can be firmly attached to the structure and the barbs on the wire act as a mechanical key to retain the grout in place. Over time and repeated re-grouting, the wires are lost beneath ridges that build up. Barbed wire was used because it was conveniently available to remote farming communities and performed well.

Grouting also serves as a means in establishing a structural connection between the liner, host pipe and soil. Depending on the size and annular space to be filled as well as the pipe elevation between the inlet and outlet, grouting maybe required to be performed in multiple stages or "lifts". If multiple lifts are required, then a grouting plan is required which defines the placement of grout feed tubes, air tubes, type of grout to be used and if injecting or pumping grout then the required developed pressure for injection. As the diameter of the reline pipe will be smaller than the host pipe, the cross-sectional flow area will be smaller.

These structures are filled with steel cables and protective grouting or grease. In this application, a mobilized, remotely- controlled ECVT device is placed around the external tendon and scans the interior of the tendon. The ECVT device can then decipher information about the quality of the grouting or grease within the tendon in real time. It can also determine the size and location of any air voids or moisture within the tendon.

Dibasic esters are used in paints, coil coatings, paint strippers, coatings, plasticisers, resins, binders, solvents, polyols, soil stabilization, chemical grouting, oilfield drilling fluids, crop protection products, cedar spray, and adhesives.

In July 2012 Talisman evacuated 140 construction workers from the YME platform as a safety precaution after the discovery of cracks in the cement grouting surrounding the legs of the platform. In a letter to Norway's Petroleum Safety Authority (PSA) dated 26 July Talisman warned that without repair there is a high probability that the cracks in the cement grouting could lead to the collapse of the platform during winter storms. Talisman was subsequently given until a deadline of 31 December by the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate to deliver a new development plan for Yme which addresses its safety issues. On 26 October 2012 Talisman announced that it had agreed a plan with SBM to repair the faulty grouting by the end of the 2012.

The project total is estimated to be £692 million once the cost of purchasing land is included.Glasgow's new £692m M74 extension opens There was a £12 million allowance for grouting of old mine workings.

The Verpressgut is composed of binder and water. Here, the Compensations- grouting process was applied. For it are in different places pits, the so- called CGV-shafts arranged. Overall, the method consists of four phases.

He is known for introducing compensation grouting as a novel technique for controlling settlement of structures during tunnel construction on the Waterloo Escalator Tunnel Project. He successfully used the technique on the Jubilee Line Extension project for the protection of many historic buildings, including the Big Ben clock tower at the Palace of Westminster. Compensation grouting is now widely used around the world. International projects on which he has advised have included railway and metro tunnels in Amsterdam, Athens, Barcelona, Bologna, Florence, Hong Kong, Istanbul, Rome, Singapore and Warsaw, and motorway tunnels in Bolu, Turkey.

This bundling makes for more efficient tendon installation and grouting processes, since each complete tendon requires only one set of end-anchorages and one grouting operation. Ducting is fabricated from a durable and corrosion-resistant material such as plastic (e.g. polyethylene) or galvanised steel, and can be either round or rectangular/oval in cross-section. The tendon sizes used are highly dependent upon the application, ranging from building works typically using between 2 and 6 strands per tendon, to specialized dam works using up to 91 strands per tendon.

Some further grouting works and replacement of the lock gates took place in the 1970s. In 1979 a reinforced concrete pedestrian footbridge was constructed on the downstream side of the head regulator. Between 1984 and 1986 a program of cement grouting works was undertaken at the barrage, though there are no records of the head regulator receiving similar treatment. After more than 100 years in service, the civil works have been affected by age and also by tailwater erosion as a consequence of a modified river regime after the construction of the Aswan High Dam.

A roof might have been grouted several times in its lifetime, each time the coating becoming thicker and more rounded. Eventually the weight of these extra render coats becomes too much for the structure of the roof and the roof may fail irreparably by splitting apart at the ridge. A partial form of grouting was also practiced, where an external lime mortar grouting was applied, but only on the spaces between slates. This was used for larger slates and may have been applied to cottages that were re-roofed from thatch to slate.

Extensive and careful grouting of the rock took place, reaching below the river bed, and along the sides for a length of . The grouting involved drilling thousands of holes in the rock face, and of cement was used in the process. Construction of the dam began in September 1950, and soon the work force had reached its peak of 1200. A large mechanised batching plant had been bought on site to produce in excess of of concrete that was required for the dam, which was reinforced with of steel.

Soil stabilization a general term for any physical, chemical, mechanical, biological or combined method of changing a natural soil to meet an engineering purpose.Winterkorn, Hans F. and Sibel Pamukcu. "Soil stabilization and Grouting", Foundation Engineering Handbook. Fang, Hsai, ed. 2.

The methods most used to mitigate the problem of the ground-structure interaction consist of the employment of the before-seen isolation systems and of some ground brace techniques, which are adopted above all on the low-quality ones (categories D and E). The most diffused techniques are the jet grouting technique and the pile work technique. The jet-grouting technique consists of injecting in the subsoil some liquid concrete by means of a drill. When this concrete hardens it forms a sort of column that consolidates the surrounding soil. This process is repeated on all areas of the structure.

Christians was the owner of the American Asphalt Grouting Company,Carlson, John Roy. (1943) Under Cover: My Four Years in the Nazi Underworld of America. New York: Dutton. pp. 149-150. a firm that owned a process that stopped dams from leaking.

This enabled visitors to access a very remote and unspoilt area for recreation. Many of the techniques and technology used, like grouting, was cutting edge at the time. The site of the former High Island Detention Centre is now abundant of grass.

Sinkholes at a mine site can be mitigated with the proper design of infrastructure such as mining supports and better construction of walls to create a barrier around an area prone to sinkholes. Back-filling and grouting can be done to stabilize abandoned underground workings.

Tunstall Reservoir was a water supply storage reservoir completed in 1879, and now used solely to maintain minimum regulatory flows on the River Wear in northeast England. It is situated in the north Pennines of the United Kingdom, and lies 3.5 km north of the village of Wolsingham, in Weardale, County Durham. The earthen embankment dam, which impounds the reservoir, is recognized as the location where pressure grouting with cement grout was first utilized in 1876 by engineer Thomas Hawksley, to reduce leakage within the rock foundation under an earth dam. Pressure grouting has since become normal practice for construction and remediation at dams and related water resource projects.

Faced with few methods to treat such an unsafe condition, Hawksley then adopted the novel technique of pouring or pumping cement grout into holes bored in rock below the trench alignment. In 1877 and 1878, on another dam for which Hawksley was responsible, the same process was used to reduce underseepage from the Cowm Reservoir in Rochdale; it became the second dam to use grouting for control of leakage. At the Cowm embankment, which was in construction from 1868 and opened in 1877,Abandoned Communities ..... Rochdale Reservoirs he injected grout under the cutoff of the embankment. The remedial treatment by grouting was successful until 1886, when leaks reappeared.

Multi-strand post-tensioning anchor In bonded post-tensioning, tendons are permanently bonded to the surrounding concrete by the in situ grouting of their encapsulating ducting (after tendon tensioning). This grouting is undertaken for three main purposes: to protect the tendons against corrosion; to permanently "lock-in" the tendon pre-tension, thereby removing the long- term reliance upon the end-anchorage systems; and to improve certain structural behaviors of the final concrete structure. Bonded post-tensioning characteristically uses tendons each comprising _bundles_ of elements (e.g. strands or wires) placed inside a single tendon duct, with the exception of bars which are mostly used unbundled.

While the upstream interface between the embankment section's foot and the old streambed is nominally waterproof, the Karst solution channels far under the mass of the earth embankment section proper, can directly attack the porous and not waterproofed foundation of the earth embankment section of the dam. It is this phenomenon that has occurred and led directly to the seepage problem. A short-term solution of grouting the existing seepage channels was employed immediately; grouting in the dam foundation ran from 1968 to 1970 and is credited with saving the dam. Construction of a long-term solution began in 1975 in the form of a seepage cut-off wall.

Due to the resulting composite effect the loads are transferred from the sleeve to the pile, and thus into the ground. A submerged grouting process requires high competence in design, planning and execution of the processes. The stable moderate temperature under water supports the temperature sensitive grout curing process.

A repair was made by welding oil drums together to form a circular tube, and then grouting the gap around the outside of the tube with concrete, to form a circular concrete pipe. As the steel drums corroded away, it became clear that not all the voids had been filled, and further grouting was carried out in 1977. In the 120 years since its construction, the clay core had consolidated, lowering its top to a point where water could soak through the fill above it, which might cause slippage of the downstream face of the dam. Rather than restoring the core to its former level, a new spillway was cut into the existing spillway.

The barriers were built as earth-fill dams, the fill being usually excavated on site. Usually small quarries were established in the terrain earmarked as the future reservoir; this had the added advantage that it increased its eventual capacity. Neither clay nor silt could be used as grouting material because they did not occur in sufficient quantities in the Upper Harz. The Upper Harz miners had, however, learned from experience that grass sods or turves made excellent grouting; by placing them one on top of another, in a similar fashion to building a wall, a layer of sods up to a metre thick would be built into the dam which ensured that it remained watertight.

In September 2019, when TBM Chandi reached Bowbazar, it hit an massive aquafier, less than a kilometer from its destination, Sealdah. It led to soil subsidence and many buildings collapsed. The residents were shifted to hotels and apartments. Later the land was stabilized by grouting and the unsafe buildings were pulled down.

Special Polyurethane resin adhesives distinguish themselves from other reaction resin adhesives in that they have a low tendency to yellow. Akemi has developed adhesives of this kind and marketed them since 2014. They are used for the durable bonding of particularly light-coloured natural and engineered stone. They are also suitable for grouting stone surfaces.

Glossop comments, "This procedure of rock grouting, which is now standard practice in dam construction, was an invention of the greatest importance to engineering practice, but its adoption by civil engineers was slow."Rudolph Glossop, p.259 Hawksley died in Kensington, London in 1893Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxforddnb.com. Retrieved on 27 August 2011.

The upper part of the river has raised water levels due to the Seabright dam. Below the dam the river runs as a mill stream into Camden village. In 2016 the Camden select board was alerted to low water levels above Seabright. It is considering grouting cracks in the rocks supporting the dam to address the problem.

The leak from the Samanala Dam. A permeable area of ground was found during the construction of the dam in 1988. Curtain grouting was used in an effort to remedy this. However, as the reservoir was being filled, a large leak occurred on the side of the right bank, about downstream from the dam, causing a landslip.

The reservoir was partly refilled in the spring of 1967 to check the efficacy of the grouting work, which consumed of grout. Water was released through the power penstock with the turbine and generator removed while the outlet works were repaired. 23 observation wells were drilled at this time. The reservoir was fully refilled in the summer of 1968.

In c.2012-3 an additional 20MW of turbines were built within the wind farm, as part of the Lincs Wind Farm development - they were connected to the Lincs' export grid.See Lincs Wind Farm. In 2014 Cofely Fabricom GDF Suez was awarded the contract to carry out grouting repairs and structural modifications on the turbine foundations.

The hoist frames were mounted on top of each pylon. Sheave blocks, winches and snatch blocks were used to facilitate the lifting, and cables inside the pylons were stressed with jacks. Pressure grouting was performed to fill the voids between the wire and the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) tubes. A two tonne tower crane, fixed inside the pylons, lifted the cables into position.

In The Independent, Michael Coveney suggested the role did not fit the actor: "Nesbitt is cool. But I never felt that he was inside his role of a chap called Socrates [...] He grinned and shrugged through the evening which steadily became less about grouting on tiles and more about grating on nerves."Coveney, Michael (13 October 2005). "Shoot The Crow, Trafalgar Studio One".

The structural elements have recesses in the top, where the rail fastening elements are placed into. Afterwards, the rails are lifted onto the fastening elements and a track grid is established. The grid’s exact position can now be adjusted vertically and laterally. At last, the rail fastening elements are friction- locked to the structural elements with high-strength grouting mortar.

The "shine" is topical and generally wears easily, requiring high maintenance and reapplication of the material. While there is some level of refinement to the surface, the topical (chemical spray or rolled on) solution will wear off and need to be replaced depending upon the level of floor traffic. Grouting and patching may be required to fill any voids, holes, cracks or imperfections.

Atlanta: ASHRAE, Inc; 2011. The space between the wall of the borehole and the U-shaped tubes is usually grouted completely with grouting material or, in some cases, partially filled with groundwater.Kavanaugh SK, Rafferty K. Ground-source heat pumps: Design of geothermal systems for commercial and institutional buildings. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.

It was not manufactured until the 1870s and so this style of roof is newer than the first use of grouting, even with cement. William describes the used of barbed wire as being a twentieth century development, and derived from the earlier 'roped thatch' technique, where a roof of thatched straw or reed would be retained by straw ropes over it.

A wooden conduit (Holzgerenne) acted as a bottom outlet. It was usually made of oak due to its great durability. The valve was a so-called Striegel, which acted like a plug and closed off the inlet to the wooden channels and was operated by rods. Both grass sod grouting and wooden bottom outlets are still in use in many of the ponds.

Stagg, Kenneth G. and Zienkiewicz, O. Rock Mechanics in Engineering Practice. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1968, p. 423. During construction, grouting was used to fill cracks in the rock which ran parallel to the dam's foundation, and on the Portuguese bank where two fractures in the rock occurred.Judd, William R. State of Stress in the Earth's Crust: Proceedings of the International Conference, 1963.

Joseph Stephen "Stevie" Woods, Jr. (July 2, 1951 – January 28, 2014) was an American R&B; musician and singer. Fanfare - Volume 6, Issues 1-2 - Page 473 Joel Flegler - 1982 - You hardly notice the music as you do some sorting, filing, old correspondence, making pate, grouting the bath tub Stevie Woods is a pretty young man with a voice triangulated between Johnny Mathis' and Grady Tate's.

Most CMU's have two cores, but three- and four- core units are also produced. A core also allows for the insertion of steel reinforcement to span courses in order to increase tensile strength. This is accomplished by grouting the voids of blocks containing rebar with concrete. Thus reinforced, CMU walls are better able to resist lateral forces such as wind load and seismic forces.

The incident was believed to have been caused by water erosion of the limestone beneath Ryan's grave. The cemetery partially reopened in January 2014 with the affected area fenced off, before clay-cement grouting was used to fill in the sinkhole, allowing the cemetery to fully reopen in April 2014. The cemetery is owned by the Ministry of Defence and managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation group.

The John H. Kerr Dam Project consisted of a dam, powerhouse and switchyard. The dam was built in 53 sections called monoliths. A grouting tunnel or gallery was built in order to fill gaps between the dam and foundation with concrete. The spillway consists of 22-tainter gates for overflow and at the base of the dam, 6-sluice gates were installed to maintain downstream flows.

The viaduct is in good condition, having been renovated between 1992 and 1995. Repairs included replacement of masonry and brickwork, grouting, and underwater repair to one of the cutwaters. It is near to the Roman settlement of Trimontium, which is to the south-west of the viaduct. To the east of the viaduct are the Drygrange Old Bridge, a road bridge dating from 1776, and its modern successor.

The water flow was so large that the reservoir required an emergency draw-down. With the water level at a temporary low, there was an opportunity to inspect the Heapey embankment on Moor Road, which had been leaking since the 1960s. The condition of the embankment and surrounding strata were such that a phased grouting operation was required to remedy the leakage. The reservoir was refilled, but was still leaking.

After a second grouting and refill operation, the embankment was deemed leak-free. It appears that the original cause of the leak was an 18-inch cast iron draw-off pipe which supplied White Brook to the north of the embankment. The trench for the pipe was cut much deeper than needed, through a glacial meltwater channel. However, shutting the pipe off in the 1970s failed to remedy the situation.

Because the reservoir is located in the Lake District National Park, there was public outcry at the thought of breaching the dam, with its effect on an area of natural beauty, while reducing the capacity of the reservoir would have been almost as contentious, and so was discounted. Although Croppers did not use the water from the reservoir, they decided to carry out repairs, which consisted of grouting of the foundations and crest of the dam; insertion of a liner into the scour pipe and a CCTV survey to prove its effectiveness; building a wall along the crest of the dam to prevent wave action damaging the downstream slope; removing silt from the tunnel through the downstream embankment; and grouting the spillway. A contract worth £100,125 was awarded to Askan Construction of Lancaster, with work commencing in August 1996. The liner consisted of a diameter HDPE pipe manufactured by Stewarts and Lloyds Plastic, and butt welded on site.

Ponce, el teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina: Historia de Ponce desde sus comienzos hasta la Segunda Decada del Siglo XX. Gobierno Municipal de Ponce. Third Edition, 1992. pages 392-393. While other measures were undergone, such as widening the path of the river within the city of Ponce, no dam-building would take place for over seven decades. Since the 1970s, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers had been investigating a site to build the Portugués Dam. Despite the many different geographic challenges, the Army Corps was able to choose a suitable dam location and double-curvature thin arch dam design in the 1980s. In the 1990s, foundation test grouting and foundation curtain grouting along with the excavation of of material for the left and right abutments took place. Portugues Dam foundation When the dam was advertised for construction in 2000, only one proposal was received, and its cost was over the government's budget.

As leaks were sealed, pressure would build and create a new leak elsewhere. Eventually the seepage was reduced to 540 US gallons per minute (0.034 m3/s), and on October 14, 1939, the San Jacinto Tunnel was completed, well ahead of schedule. As pressure increased over time, the tunnel grouting failed and seepage more than quadrupled. In February 1942, the Riverside County Board of Supervisors renewed its protest against exporting local water.

Three main ground loop configurations The ground loop system may be installed in several different configurations. The three most common configurations are: # Vertical # Diagonal # Horizontal Diagonal and Vertical configurations typically require drilling and grouting to be installed in drilled bore holes. Grout reseals the earth below the surface so that natural ground water aquifers are not interrupted. All diagonal and vertical systems must be grouted from the bottom up to the top.

The sites natural underlying subsurface conditions were stiff silty clay below a medium dense sand layer, which was determined to be too accommodating to settlement to host the structure. Ground improvement, consisting of triple-fluid jet grouting, was performed to reduce the compressibility of the silty clay, stiffen the sand deposit and provide a desirable shallow foundation system. This site marked the first time that these geotechnical ground improvement techniques were employed.

After its acquisition, TVA almost immediately began making improvements to Great Falls Dam. By 1946, grouting work had repaired much of the leakage through the cliffside, which had been an issue since the dam's creation. TVA also built a new switchyard and control building. In the late 1960s, the agency leased part of the Great Falls reservation to the state of Tennessee for the development of Rock Island State Park, which opened in 1969.

All the worship was performed in this new "Bala Aalaya" (Child Temple). It took five years for the carpenters and builders to get dies of the nooks and crannies of the roof and finally copper plates were cast into those shapes. Long nails of the 10th century AD were removed and replaced with solid cement and metal grouting using 20th century construction techniques. The copper plates were then installed and fixed in place.

They are capable of constructing piles to depths of up to . The technique of minipiling was first applied in Italy in 1952, and has gone through many different names, reflecting worldwide acceptance and expiration of the original patents. The relatively small diameter of mini-piles is distinctive of this type of underpinning and generally uses anchoring or tie backs into an existing structure or rock. Conventional drilling and grouting methods are used for this method of underpinning.

It was completed with two tracks, but the increasing size of rolling stock necessitated a conversion to single track after 1865. Grouting and underpinning work was required in 1889 through the entire length of the tunnel, and additional brick lining was later installed in the section with iron liners. The single-track tunnel was bypassed by a double-track tunnel in 1912. The new tunnel's east portal incorporated the old east portal, and the original tunnel continued in service.

The process of installing presealed tiles is simpler and less costly for the overall project. Preferred methods for installation invariably relate to its propensity for soaking in liquid. One method involves soaking the tile in water, setting the tile with thin-set mortar, grouting, then sealing both the Saltillo and the grout with a quality surface sealant. However, using this method may cause the grout to stick to the surface of the saltillo tile, making it impossible to remove.

He added, "What we do know is this—if this dam were in the United States, we would have drained the lake behind it." Maintenance had suffered as ISIL had removed equipment and chased technicians away in August 2014, and the grouting schedule had not been maintained. He indicated that contingency plans are in the works to protect people downstream in case of a collapse. Some Iraqi officials continued to dismiss claims of a potential failure.

Drilling and grouting for the dam's foundation started in March 1963. The Gunnison was diverted through its tunnel on October, with excavation of the foundation to bedrock immediately after. Placement of the dam embankments started in 1964, continuing through the year, with the dam embankment completed at the end of 1965. The diversion tunnel was partly closed in December and the reservoir began to fill, with final closure of the diversion tunnel on February 7, 1966.

Since the 1950s, cracks in the sandstone have been sealed by grouting, and forestation has been implemented in an effort to reduce the weathering due to sandstorms.report of the UNESCO advisory board During April and May 1991, Caltech personnel conducted air pollutant measurement experiments in the Yungang Grottoes. It was found that nearly all of the airborne matter was mineral dust or carbon particles, allowing a focus of attention on sources of these kinds of matter.

In parallel, the progressive expansion of the beach meant that the fort could be used to support Praia da Rocha, including a restaurant and esplanade. In 1969 an earthquake provoked damages and repairs to the building; in addition to the construction of reinforced concrete lintels, the braces and pillars were consolidated, repairs were made to the wall panels, grouting of cracks and plaster reconstruction were completed and the roofing was repaired, while the doors and frames were all painted.

Vilk and his ownership group Kent LLC had plans to redevelop the building, but none of them ever materialized. In 2007, he was given a court order to make several repairs for health and safety issues. Repairs made included cleaning of the brick facade and re-grouting the bricks in several locations, removal of several windows, and painting the rear outer wall. Inside, most of the building was gutted to help make it more presentable to potential developers.

Several options have been considered to deal with the damage. Officials at Arlington National Cemetery determined that proper repair can return the Tomb Monument to an acceptable appearance. However, because the cracks will continue to lengthen and widen, continuous grouting, regrouting, touch-up, monitoring, and maintenance would be required. Therefore, a report commissioned by Arlington National Cemetery and published in June 2006 confirmed the Cemetery's conclusion that "replacement of the three pieces of the Tomb Monument is the preferred alternative".

The spillway energy dissipation chute has aeration baffle blocks. Over the dam height of 130.5 metres, five galleries are provided in the body of the dam; the gallery at the bottom has been used initially for grouting of the foundation and for drainage and four horizontal inspection galleries at different elevations (at interval). The reservoir stretches over a surface area of and a length of . The filling of the reservoir was started in June 2010 and completed over roughly 15 weeks.

Smoothing grout between tiles with a rubber grout float. Grout is a dense fluid which is used to fill gaps or used as reinforcement in existing structures. Grout is generally a mixture of water, cement, and sand and is employed in pressure grouting, embedding rebar in masonry walls, connecting sections of pre-cast concrete, filling voids, and sealing joints such as those between tiles. Common uses for grout in the household include filling in tiles of shower floors and kitchen tiles.

The unusually large outlet works allowed the reservoir to be drawn down by as much as per day,Wiltshire, p. 116 a measure not available eleven years later at Teton Dam. The reservoir was drawn down further during the remainder of the year, and work began on repairs to the embankment, along with an intensive program of pressure-grouting at the abutment and down the centerline of the dam embankment. Work continued through 1966, with a complete replacement of the right abutment embankment.

In some cases, a grouting chemical is also used to fill in any holes, cracks or imperfections that were exposed from the initial coarse grinding step. The concrete can be also finished with a natural-look impregnating polish guard, which penetrates 2–5mm inside the pores of the concrete to prevent any deep staining from oils and spills. It is also breathable and not a sealer (as a sealer actually totally seals the concrete and does not allow vapor transmission).

A temporary steel falsework was constructed under the bridge to give additional structural support during the work and to provide work platforms, followed by the removal of all the siding.October 2013 Covered Bridge Progress (PDF), Clermont County Engineer, November 1, 2013. Additional work to be performed included the replacement of all siding and the roof, additional structural support, repointing and grouting of stonework, and addition of lighting and security systems.September 2013 Covered Bridge Progress (PDF), Clermont County Engineer, September 17, 2013.

It is estimated that the central portion of the dam crest has settled by around since the end of the construction. Settlement of the dam crest up to has been measured since the start of the detailed geodetic monitoring in 1992. The maximum horizontal (radial) deformation measured is about . The permeation grouting work was carried out by subcontractor Solétanche Bachy and the rehabilitation work for the post-tensioning of the dam crest with ground anchors by Vorspann System Losinger International (VSL).

The central hall's height was increased, and the original design's pylons were replaced with much lower columns, finished off with white marble and matte polish. In particular, the white ceiling was divided with diametrical mosaic stripes with brick grouting on the sides, completed by artists Hryhoriy Korin and Volodymyr Fedko. The station is illuminated by two-tierd bronze chandeliers, each featuring 12 distinct lighting groups holding candle-like bulbs. The chandeliers, designed by Stanislav Adamenko and Mariya Ralko, were installed between the mosaic stripes.

Mowlem started work on 18 June 1894, first building staging in the river about west of Blackfriars Bridge. Piles were driven for a cofferdam and two vertical shafts of internal diameter were constructed as headings for the tunnel drive. The average depth of the tunnels is about , with its deepest points at the River Thames, at underground. Driving the running tunnels started in November 1894, using the Greathead system of shield excavation, cast iron segment lining, compressed air working, and compressed air grouting behind the tunnel lining.

Phillip Judy started his professional career as an investigator for Missouri civic engineering projects. He made his reputation by being an early pioneer of foundation consolidation (soil) by pressure grouting. The company began its reputation as a notable engineering firm when they were contracted to perform the foundation work for Bagnell Dam on the Osage River in central Missouri. Bagnell Dam was completed in 1931 and is one of two operational hydroelectric power plants in the State of Missouri, the other being Taum Sauk Hydroelectric Power Station.

The airport section consists of four underground stations (, , , and the future station) and is long. Both cut-and-cover and shield tunneling were used for tunnel construction. Since shield tunnels were constructed underneath existing taxiways and the control tower area, an automatic system was integrated to monitor any soil and structure impact in real-time so that immediate response could be taken to any disruption. In the same section, secondary grouting and a micro-pile cut-off wall was used to reinforce the tunnels.

Synthetic polymers began replacing other chemical binders for soil stabilization in agriculture in the late 20th century. Compared to traditional chemical binders, polymer soil additives can achieve the same amount of strengthening at much lower concentrations – for example, mixtures of 0.5-1% of various biopolymers have strength levels that match or exceed those of 10% cement mixtures in soils. Synthetic polymers, including geopolymers, and biopolymers have been tested for their beneficial interactions with soils. Methods for introducing polymers into soils include mixing, injection, spraying, and grouting.

This has developed like other Moray Firth fishing villages, with small houses clustered around each other with gable ends facing the sea. The exteriors are painted a variety of colours; gable ends face the sea and there is extensive use of rybats and edge detailing as well as distinctive white grouting between granite blocks. Most houses front directly onto the street with small informal spaces between them. The village spread inland in the C19 through the development of terraced 1 ½ storey and detached villa housing.

Pulverised fuel ash (PFA) and furnace bottom ash (FBA) are two byproducts from the burning of coal. Each year, the station produces about 1,000,000 tonnes of PFA and around 220,000 tonnes of FBA: all FBA and 85% of PFA is sold. Under the trade name Drax Ash Products, the ash is sold to the local building industry, where it is used in the manufacture of blocks, cement products, grouting and the laying of roads. The ash is also used in other parts of the country.

It is also used to correct faults in concrete and masonry structures. Since first usage in the 19th century, grouting has been performed on the foundation of virtually every one of the world's large dams, in order to reduce the amount of leakage through the rock, and sometimes to strengthen the foundation to support the weight of the overlying structure, be it of concrete, earth, or rock fill. It is also a key procedure in the creation of post-tensioned prestressed concrete, a material used in many concrete bridge designs, among other places.

Bischofite has many applications ranging from construction materials (tile, stone) to agriculture (preplant seeds, plant processing during vegetation period), oil extraction (for grouting and solidifying mortars), medical and chemical industry (production of magnesium metal). Bishofite is used in form of compresses to treat joint diseases such as arthritis, rheumatic fever osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, radiculitis, calcaneal spur and traumas, especially in rehabilitation centers in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, and Lithuania. Bischofite is also applied in gel form. Bischofite is used in the production of the industrial Sorel cement and synthetic carnallite.

Mr McAdam, a civil engineering contractor in the UK, stated that the project he was currently engaged in North & South Lanarkshire had extensive mine workings. Extensive research and ground penetrating radar was used along with historical maps of the underground network was carried out prior to extensive grouting and rehabilitation of all known mines and shafts. All shafts were capped also. He made the point that EirGrid had not considered this scope of works whatsoever with relation to the areas of mine workings in Lemgare, Lisdrumgormley & Annaglogh relative to their proposed development.

For constructability and safety reasons (cave-ins), the upper domes needed to be built first, so the miners excavated individual ring tunnels around the circumference of each of the future upper dome bases. They then scoped out the area of the domes and proceeded to construct the steel framing, steel liner and rebar. Workers continuously poured concrete that ranged in thickness from two feet at the crown to eight feet at the base. Once the concrete cured, it was pre-stressed by pressure grouting the area between the concrete and the basalt.

During a recent scanning of the Mullaperiyar dam using a remotely operated vehicle by the Central Soil and Materials Research Station on directions from the Empowered Committee of the Supreme Court, the Kerala Government observer opined that "mistakes in the strengthening works carried out by Tamil Nadu" in 1979 damaged the masonry of the dam. Current safety concerns relate to several issues. Since the dam was constructed using stone rubble masonry with lime mortar grouting following prevailing 19th-century construction techniques that have now become archaic, seepage and leaks from the dam have caused concern.

After the closure of the Stirling-Alloa- Dunfermline line in 1968 and the Devon Valley Railway in 1973, the town had no passenger railway services for 40 years until 2008. The Stirling-Alloa- Kincardine rail link project was completed in May 2008,. The laying of new track had commenced in September 2006 after much preparatory work, including new drainage works and the grouting of a large number of shallow mine workings. The project also involved the construction of a new bypass road, and a bridge which replaced a level crossing in the town.

Construction was complete in 1984 and in the spring of 1985, the Mosul Dam began to inundate the Tigris River, filling the reservoir which submerged many archaeological sites in the region. The power station began generating power on 7 July 1986. Because of significant structural stability issues associated with the Mosul Dam, ongoing grouting and additional construction and repairs are necessary. In 1988, Iraq began construction on the Badush Dam downstream which would serve the primary purpose of absorbing and releasing a Mosul Dam flood wave in the event of a breach.

This system is not considered to be polished concrete as there is very little physical refinement of the concrete slab. However, it does provide a similar look to polished concrete and may be appropriate in small spaces with little expected foot traffic or wear on the slab. While there may be some level of surface preparation this is a topical (chemical spray or rolled on) solution and will wear off and need to be replaced depending on floor traffic. Grouting and patching may be required to fill any voids, holes, cracks or imperfections.

The foundation excavations were extended below the original ground surface to remove liquefaction soils that would have made the dam unstable in an earthquake. To minimize foundation seepage through the alluvium, thick cut-off walls of plastic concrete were constructed across the three alluvial channels and excavated at least into bedrock. To reduce seepage through the rock foundation, the entire core width was consolidation grouted and a double-line grout curtain was installed to a depth of approximately . Grouting of the west dam took about two years to complete and required of grout holes.

He married Ruth, who became his editor and collaborator as well. A short consulting trip to the Soviet Union before taking up his post horrified him, and he came to oppose the communist system there, as a regime exemplified by its brutality and chaos.Goodman p 119 Using Austria as his base, he traveled ceaselessly throughout Europe, consulting, lecturing and making new professional contacts and collaborations. His teaching workload was now relatively light so he continued his experimental investigations and became especially interested in the problems of the settling of foundations, and of grouting.

Building materials were transported on two narrow-gauge railways. The grouting for the rubble blocks was compacted from four parts sand, one part trass delivered in lumps from Andernach, and five parts slaked lime from Tournai, which was known for the quality of its hydraulic lime. It was remarked as late as 1907 that "the average yearly work of over 54,000 cubic yards has probably never been surpassed in the construction of any other single structure." The daily work per man averaged 2.6 to 3.2 cubic yards (1.98–2.44 cubic meters).

Manual beard clipper Thick, rigid, single-edged razors such as utility knives are used for various hand-held tasks. Applications include detailed carpentry work like sanding and scraping (in a specialized holder), paper cutting for technical drawing, plumbing and finish work such as grouting and cleaning, and removing paint from flat surfaces such as panes of glass. Unlike shaving razors, the industrial-grade blades used in these tools are usually made from a non- stainless steel like carbon steel, and have a tougher and duller edge. A lame is a razor used in bread production to slash the surface of an unbaked loaf.

Fox was also a consultant for the Simplon Tunnel and in 1878 constructed the replacement train shed at Bristol Temple Meads railway station. He became an engineer for the Great Central Railway and, in 1889, collaborated with his brother Douglas and H.W. Braddock in the construction of Marylebone station, London. He also assisted his brother in the construction of the Liverpool Overhead Railway, which was opened in 1893. Fox also assisted in the shoring-up of several great cathedrals including St Paul's Cathedral and Winchester Cathedral in 1905, where he employed tie-rods and grouting to bind the walls together.

Additionally, another coat of sealant can be used on both the saltillo tile and grout. A professional with experience in Saltillo will charge $2.50 to $6.00 per square foot for installation, depending on your locale. Treatments for Saltillo include: coating them with a surface sealant prior to grouting (as mentioned earlier), applying an admixture of linseed oil and paint thinner, applying natural stone colour enhancers, applying floor hardeners, applying shine, painting them with a water-based paint, coating them with wood stain, etc. As the tile is incredibly porous it will readily absorb just about any liquid.

The above disputes are subject to arbitration as specified in the contract. An outstanding advance given to Shaft Sinkers of 495,387 thousand was written off during the nine months ended 30 September 2012. As well, due to the failure of the grouting technology employed in the cage shaft construction, expenses previously capitalised, amounting to 3.116 billion, were written-off during the nine months ended 30 September 2012. EuroChem lodged claims in the Dutch courts accusing International Mineral Resources (IMR), wholly owned by the ENRC trio of Alexander Machkevitch, Patokh Chodiev and Alijan Ibragimov, of "blatant fraud, exacerbated by bribery".

The stone blocks are roughly dressed and laid in courses, the more regular blocks placed along the exposed southern side. The roof is clad with corrugated iron, with the original shingle battens surviving beneath this. The red face brick is laid in Flemish bond but brick- on-edge ('rat- trap' bond) - a faster and cheaper method of construction often used for working-class construction in Brisbane in the 1860s and 1870s. There are remnants of white tuckpointing on the bricks closest to the eaves, but the lower sections of the western and southern external walls have been badly repaired with later cement grouting.

South Fork Dam failure and resulting flood that destroyed Johnstown in Pennsylvania in 1889 International special sign for works and installations containing dangerous forces Dam failures are generally catastrophic if the structure is breached or significantly damaged. Routine deformation monitoring and monitoring of seepage from drains in and around larger dams is useful to anticipate any problems and permit remedial action to be taken before structural failure occurs. Most dams incorporate mechanisms to permit the reservoir to be lowered or even drained in the event of such problems. Another solution can be rock grouting – pressure pumping portland cement slurry into weak fractured rock.

When the Ca(OH)2 solution comes in contact with the atmosphere, CO2 diffuses into the solution drops and over time the reaction [] deposits calcium carbonate to create straw shaped stalactites similar to those in caves. This is where the chemistry becomes a bit complicated, due to the presence of soluble potassium and sodium hydroxides in new concrete, which supports a higher solution alkalinity of about pH 13.2 – 13.4, the predominant carbon species is CO32− and the leachate becomes saturated with Ca2+.Liu, Z and He, D, (1998). Special speleothems in cement- grouting tunnels and their implications of the atmospheric CO2 sink.

Between 1934 and 1938 the Egyptian Government carried out extensive remodeling works at the barrage and the Ibrahimiya head regulator, principally extending the piers, grouting, extending the approach slabs and updating the hydro-mechanical equipment. The dam was remodeled in 1938 to increase the permissible head to from the head that was allowed under its original design. In 1956 works were carried out at the Ibrahimiya head regulator as a result of significant scour holes that developed downstream of the structure. Extensions to downstream concrete apron were completed as well as lengthening of the southern lock wall.

The geological features at the dam site were evaluated for possibilities of displacement. The treatment measures implemented to address this condition involved excavation of a trench of width and depth below the toe slab which is meant to function as a concrete "socle". A grout curtain was also created through the "lineament" (fault line) and a grouting gallery was provided for the purpose that covered the downstream part of the embankment up to the toe-slab area near the lineament. Both the "socle" and the toe-slab incorporate movement joints consisting of compressible materials and a PVC water stop.

Before this, lime plasters would have been used, particularly in rural areas where lime burning was a local industry through much of the country. Many sources claim that lime plasters were used originally, with a move to cement renders as they became available in modern times. Others claim that the technique of grouting a roof only developed with the advent of the cheap and easily applied modern cements. Certainly the 'classic' picturesque grouted roof of today, with its bright white finish and prominent wire ridges, is the product of Victorian materials that did not exist locally until the late 19th century.

When city workers removed the flame next day, they realized the bugler statue atop the Soldiers' & Sailors' Monument had moved on its base and would have toppled over had it not been leaning against the candle structure. One of the candle's anchor cables was also snapped by the wind and torn out of the brickwork. The cable was repaired and the bugler statue, which was previously held by its own weight, was reinforced with grouting. A sixteen-pound chunk of granite was also dislodged from the top of the statue, although in an area that most spectators cannot see from ground level.

In the 1950s, it was discovered that the gold was getting old and parts of the roof inside were caving into the Sanctum Sanctorum. The TTD decided to replace the aging metal and fix the roof. All the gold was removed and painstakingly replaced; the damaged levels of the roof below were fixed with cement and extra strength metal grouting reinforcement. During this period in the mid-1960s, no worship could be performed in the Sanctum Sanctorum and so the "power" of the chief deity was shifted into a temporary idol carved and placed elsewhere in the temple.

The building was originally two stories high with a crenellated top. Toward the waterfront, the base of the cavity wall was made very thick, almost 2,5 metres at the base and about 0,75 centimetres at the top, while the other side was considerably thinner with much larger openings. In 1589-1590, the original crenellation was rebuilt into a third floor topped by a cone shaped roof, and the present white grouting was added to the façade. In the 1620s King Gustavus Adolphus begun to donate parcels of land on Riddarholmen to prominent members of the Swedish nobility, and the islet was gradually transformed into the palace laden location it still is.

It also contains the only Dies Domini (Day of the Lord) window in Australia designed by Edward Burne-Jones and executed by Morris & Co., which has been described as representing Burne-Jones' work at the height of his powers. The cathedral meets this criterion of state significance because of the pioneering techniques used during repairs to earthquake-damaged walls and piers. These techniques employed a combination of very long stainless steel rods and controlled grouting inserted into holes drilled into the brickwork. The aim was to strengthen the Cathedral walls and piers by increasing ductility and therefore ability to withstand future earthquakes while maintaining the aesthetic quality of the building.

Two self-contained communities, Guild (now Haletown) and Ladds, were built to house the thousands of construction workers needed to build the dam. The dam was originally slated for completion in 1909, but numerous difficulties brought about primarily by the soft bedrock upon which the dam was built continuously stalled construction, and by 1910, only the lock and powerhouse had been completed. Engineers finally began to make progress after employing the use of pressure grouting and concrete caissons-- the first use of either in a major dam construction project-- and Hales Bar Dam was finished on November 11, 1913. Leaks began to appear almost immediately after completion, however.

The TBM had to bore its way through diverse ground conditions consisting of weak sedimentary rocks; strong, fractured metamorphic rocks; and alluvium, all of which were below the groundwater table. Special measures such as probing and grouting ahead of the TBM and, in particular, deep dewatering wells, were demonstrated to be effective for controlling adverse ground conditions. The project also showed the advantage of working from a portal. The Gilman Portal site proved to be ideal, supporting very efficient mining and muck disposal operations and also allowing long pipe sections to be installed in the tunnel, significantly reducing the amount of field welding required.

The site was in a deep narrow gorge, west of Tokoroa and upstream of Arapuni. Because of the narrowness of the gorge, the powerhouse took up the entire length of the base of the dam, meaning no orthodox spillway could be constructed. This meant that the spillway had to be designed as part of the diversion tunnel. The site was composed of volcanic ignimbrite, which had cracked extensively on cooling meaning extensive grouting of the rock was required. Construction of Maraetai I began in 1946, with the construction of an access road from Tokoroa, and establishing services and accommodation for the workers of the dam.

Following the early termination of a shaft construction contract, in October 2012 EuroChem filed a claim against Shaft Sinkers (Pty) Ltd. (Shaft Sinkers), seeking US$800 million compensation for the direct costs and substantial lost profits arising from the delay in commencing potash production. This was a result of the alleged inability of Shaft Sinkers to fulfill its contractual obligations and complete the construction of the Gremyachinskoe cage shaft, primarily due to problems with the grouting technology. In October 2012 Shaft Sinkers presented an interim claim letter to the Group claiming compensation of US$45 million in costs incurred by them up to and inclusive of 30 September 2012 in connection with the termination of the construction contract.

The company began using diamond bits for drilling and sawing concrete in the construction industry. In 1977, Longyear purchased rights to make concrete saws from the Drillistics Company. The firm's Salt Lake City plant began making diamond saw blades in the early 1980s. In 1983, Longyear acquired Lang Exploratory Drilling based in Utah and in 1984 purchased Cushion Cut, a firm with 25 years’ experience making and using diamond tools to saw concrete in runways and highways. In 1986, Longyear acquired three more companies: Morissette, an underground and surface diamond drilling firm; Brainard-Kilman, a maker of civil engineering devices, such as well monitoring and test equipment; and ChemGrout a mfg of cement grouting equipment.

Planners give new Haymarket gap site proposal thumbs- up - Edinburgh Evening News 3 December 2010 Work to strengthen the railway tunnels under Haymarket began in 2013 in preparation for the construction of the new £200m development above which is to include a 320-space underground car park.Work to start on Edinburgh's £200m The Haymarket development - 28 November 2013 This involves grouting between the tunnel lining and the surrounding ground, and drilling and inserting metal bars within the brick lining. Due to line operations, works access was limited in the north tunnel to between midnight and 5am four nights of the week and in the south tunnel from 1am to 9.30am one night a week.

Originally MICP was tested and designed for underground applications in water saturated ground, requiring injection and production pumps. Recent work has demonstrated that surface percolation or irrigation is also feasible and in fact provides more strength per amount of calcite provided because crystals form more readily at the bridging points between sand particles over which the water percolates. Benefits of MICP for liquefaction prevention MICP has the potential to be a cost-effective and green alternative to traditional methods of stabilizing soils, such as chemical grouting, which typically involve the injection of synthetic materials into the soil. These synthetic additives are typically costly and can create environmental hazards by modifying the pH and contaminating soils and groundwater.

Portland cement is the most common cementing agent in grout, but thermoset polymer matrix grouts based on thermosets such as urethanes and epoxies are also popular.DM Harrison, The Grouting Handbook, A Step-by-Step Guide for Foundation Design and Machinery Installation, Elsevier Press, 2013, Portland cement-based grouts come in different varieties depending on the particle size of the ground clinker used to make the cement, with a standard size of around 15 microns, microfine at around 6-10 microns, and ultrafine below 5 microns. Finer particle sizes let the grout penetrate more deeply into a fissure. Because these grouts depend on the presence of sand for their basic strength, they are often somewhat gritty when finally cured and hardened.

Drake & Scull International is carrying out the MEP works, with KASKTAS Arabia responsible for the piling, shoring, grouting, soil improvement and dewatering works. The architectural and engineering concept and schematic design for Lamar Towers was undertaken by RMJM Dubai. The main contract was awarded originally to Arabian Construction Company in October 2008, but it was reportedly subsequently reawarded to Arabtec in May 2009 by developer Cayan Investment & Development, according to Arab News. The structure part of the project was then awarded on 12 October 2010 to the Saudi Lebanese Tarouk Contracting company Ltd who constructed a substantial part of the Project and two towers (up to levels 26, both towers) before being terminated by the Owner on 31 December 2012.

At midnight on the 21 July 1956, lake filling began and the lake level commenced rising at an average of an hour. As the lake began to fill, increasing levels of water began to flow from the drainage channels behind the grout curtain in the right abutment, which indicated that the grout curtain was faulty. Investigations concluded that further grouting would have to be performed (which took about a fortnight) before the lake could be raised to its final level. The decision was made to allow the lake to fill to no further than the crest of the spillway while the contractors began drilling and inserting more grout. By 11:20 am on 23 July 1956, the lake had filled to the crest of the spillway water.

Both elements of the project were overseen by Nottinghamshire County Council.Sheppard, R., (1991) Unpublished archive of archaeological watching brief prior to monument underpinning (Held by Nottinghamshire County Council) In 2009 Paul Mendham Stonemasons were instructed by the architect Peter Rogan to complete a full scale consolidation scheme including pointing, grouting, pinning back, under- building, and soft-capping the ruin. The decisions for the scheme of conservation were based on two condition surveys of the ruin by Wright (2005)Wright, J., (2005) A Condition Survey of King John's Palace, King's Clipstone, Nottinghamshire and Rogan(2008).Rogan, P., (2008) Unpublished archive including condition survey, schedule of works and correspondence (Held by Nottinghamshire County Council) The work was paid for and overseen jointly by English Heritage and Nottinghamshire County Council.

Several years following the collapse, it was decided to fill in the tunnel using spoil and other waste materials produced by one of the nearby collieries. As a result of this infilling, the structure's portals are both buried and cannot be seen, however the route of the railway can still be made out by cuttings and embankments, especially when viewed on an aerial map. During the 2010s, civil engineering company M & J Drilling were contracted to stabilise the Clifton Hall Tunnel by grouting compromised sections. To support this activity, a comprehensive 3D subsurface laser scan survey was performed by Geoterra to ascertain the specifics and condition of the tunnel, which was accessed via a series of 100mm vertical shafts which were bored from the surface.

The local geography and location of the tunnel posed some challenges to the construction effort, such as the need to avoid impacting nearby urban development, as well as little cover being available at key areas. Boring operations through the rock incorporated both the use of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) along with some conventional techniques, such as blasting, soil injection, and pipe arches amongst other auxiliary construction measures intended to reduce the risk of excessive settlement. Approximately 315 meters of the tunnel's length features a continuous grouted ceiling, which was done to reduce deformation and permeability as well as a potential loss of cover. This was created by injecting a precise mixture of cement and slurry via pressurised grouting pipes across 120,000 valves; areas were tested for potential weaknesses and promptly re-grouted where appropriate.

Its collection of stained glass is considered outstanding in both state and nation for its size and quality. Technically, the German-developed Cintec system of strengthening masonry by insertion of a combination of an anchor of stainless steel rods and controlled grouting was pioneered in Australia in repairs to the cathedral after the 1989 earthquake. The cathedral's moveable collection contains many unique or rare items memorialising those who served in war, especially World War I. It includes fittings and ecclesiastical items of exceptional quality as well as the state's only Victoria Cross not in private ownership and the nation's only surviving Union Jack flown by Australian soldiers throughout the Gallipoli campaign. The Cathedral is a place of pilgrimage for veterans, their families, friends and descendants, from all around Australia.

Hight served as a lecturer at Imperial College between 1975 and 1983, and has been visiting professor at Imperial College (1993–2012), at the National University of Singapore (2000) and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1983). He has synthesised the causes and effects of disturbance to soil samples and introduced methods to minimise sample disturbance and to assess sample quality. This has enabled him to become an expert in characterising the real behaviour of natural soils, including quantifying their scale of anisotropy of strength and stiffness. Using this expertise Hight has specialised in forensic engineering, investigating geotechnical failures of tunnels, embankments, road pavements, and port constructions; work that has opened up new avenues of research and led to new approaches to design and construction, including participating in the introduction of compensation grouting.

He also undertook drainage projects, including schemes for Birmingham, Worcester and Windsor. In 1852, Hawksley set up his own engineering practice in Westminster, London. He was the first president of the Institution of Gas Engineers and Managers (serving for three years from 1863), a Fellow of the Royal Society, and was elected President of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1871 (a post his son Charles later occupied in 1901). Hawksley's grave in Brookwood Cemetery Between 1869 and 1879, Hawksley acted as consultant to the construction of Lindley Wood, Swinsty and Fewston reservoirs for the Leeds Waterworks Company. At Tunstall Reservoir in 1876, and at Cowm Reservoir in 1877–78, he is credited with the first two uses of pressure grouting to control water leakage under an embankment dam.

A view looking down the spillway in 2014 before the concrete slabs to the left of the picture were damaged in 2019 On 1 August 2019, a major incident was declared and 1,500 residents were evacuated from parts of Whaley Bridge, Furness Vale and New Mills after concrete slabs on the 1969 overflow spillway were partially dislodged by high volumes of water following several days of heavy rain. The Environment Agency issued a 'danger to life' warning due to the possibility of the dam collapsing. High-volume pumps were deployed to take water from the reservoir to prevent it from overflowing and reduce pressure on the dam. An RAF Chinook helicopter dropped 400 tonnes of aggregate into the damaged area and specialist contractors added concrete grouting between the bags of ballast to bind them together to support the spillway.

Ongoing culvert function without failure depends on proper design and engineering considerations being given to load, hydraulic flow, surrounding soil analysis, backfill and bedding compaction, and erosion protection. Improperly designed backfill support around culverts can result in material collapse or failure from inadequate load support. For existing culverts which have experienced degradation, loss of structural integrity or need to meet new codes or standards, rehabilitation using a reline pipe may be preferred versus replacement. Sizing of a reline culvert uses the same hydraulic flow design criteria as that of a new culvert however as the reline culvert is meant to be inserted into an existing culvert or host pipe, reline installation requires the grouting of the annular space between the host pipe and the surface of reline pipe (typically using a low compression strength grout) so as to prevent or reduce seepage and soil migration.

Collins and Herring launched a culture jamming campaign, spreading the message "Who is Virgilio Anderson?" after a so-named member of the public from Macedonia used Richard Herring's name as the primary key for his Facebook page. T-shirts were printed, Anderson-themed music videos were circulated on YouTube and many personalities (such as Steven Moffat) added the phrase to their websites. #virgilioanderson became the second most popular trending topic on Twitter on Thursday 2 July 2009 and the words "Who is Virgilio Anderson?" were scribbled in the grouting of the tiles in a toilet cubicle at the British Library (the cubicle second from the left in the east wing, first floor) on 16 July 2009. Little is known of the true identity of Virgilio Anderson but information on his interests, favourite books and political beliefs were visible at his Facebook page, before it was deleted.

The large forces required to tension the tendons result in a significant permanent compression being applied to the concrete once the tendon is "locked-off" at the anchorage. The method of locking the tendon-ends to the anchorage is dependent upon the tendon composition, with the most common systems being "button-head" anchoring (for wire tendons), split-wedge anchoring (for strand tendons), and threaded anchoring (for bar tendons). Balanced-cantilever bridge under construction. Each added segment is supported by post-tensioned tendons Tendon encapsulation systems are constructed from plastic or galvanised steel materials, and are classified into two main types: those where the tendon element is subsequently bonded to the surrounding concrete by internal grouting of the duct after stressing (bonded post-tensioning); and those where the tendon element is permanently debonded from the surrounding concrete, usually by means of a greased sheath over the tendon strands (unbonded post- tensioning).

The industry declined in the late 19th century when large-scale production of potash from mineral salts was established in Germany. In 1943, potash was discovered in Saskatchewan, Canada, in the process of drilling for oil. Active exploration began in 1951. In 1958, the Potash Company of America became the first potash producer in Canada with the commissioning of an underground potash mine at Patience Lake; however, due to water seepage in its shaft, production stopped late in 1959 but following extensive grouting and repairs, resumed in 1965. The underground mine was flooded in 1987 and was reactivated for commercial production as a solution mine in 1989. A postcard of the Kalium Chemicals plant in Belle Plaine, Saskatchewan In 1964 a Canadian company known as Kalium Chemicals established the first potash mine that took advantage of the solution process. The discovery was made during oil reserve exploration.

Excavation of the University of Washington alt=A construction site with several cranes and walls surrounding a long, rectangular hole in the ground. The University Link project received a $813 million grant from the federal government in January 2009, allowing it to move towards final design and construction. A groundbreaking ceremony was held at the future University of Washington station on March 6, 2009, marking the start of construction. Utility relocation and site preparation at the station, consisting of the demolition and replacement of facilities at Husky Stadium—including two ticket offices, a concessions kitchen, and restrooms—had begun in February and continued until August. A new access road around Husky Stadium was built and part of the stadium's parking lot was closed and fenced off in early 2010. Excavation of the station box, along with shoring installation and jet grouting of the soil, began in June 2010. The platform level, at a depth of , was reached in late February 2011, allowing concrete pouring to commence. The project's two tunnel boring machines arrived at University of Washington station for assembly in April 2011, and were dedicated by local and state politicians on May 16.