The semi-aquatic mammals died in the Gibe Sheleko National Park, a part of the Gibe River, local broadcaster FANA said.
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"Gibe IV and Gibe V cannot go on without the Kenyan government being a little bit more realistic of the impact," Angelei told Thomson Reuters Foundation.
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"Ethiopia should cancel the plans that it has to construct two more dams, Gibe IV and Gibe V, on the Omo River," she told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in emailed comments.
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On the other hand, there's more here than a northward gibe.
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Boudreau's gibe managed to awaken the Garden crowd, at least temporarily.
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But Gibe III has been especially contentious since work began in 2006.
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To understand why, go back to the subject of Connally's gibe: the dollar.
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Even if what he is saying just doesn't gibe with the facts. 2.
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Since its initial investment in Gibe III, China's presence in Ethiopia has expanded exponentially.
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" He then moved on to the immortal gibe: "I want to eat his children.
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Canadians have had it with the old gibe that they are content to "go for bronze".
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A mean comment by a guard" — commonly a gibe about her gender — "can set you off.
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Everything changed in 2015 when a government-backed Italian firm completed the Gibe III hydroelectric dam upriver.
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WHEN CRITICS had a go at André Previn in his heyday, the word "showman" was an easy gibe.
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Her ancestry test followed his incessant mocking of her as "Pocahontas," a schoolyard gibe from a puerile mind.
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But his gibe seemed a crude bit of gaslighting, since Biden hadn't quite said what Castro claimed he had.
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A gibe at Berlin's coalition chaos elicits a cheer and jokes about rival parties get the crowd roaring with laughter.
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Shias gibe that even the ruling Al Khalifas, who came from the Arabian hinterland over the water in 1783, are foreigners.
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Jones has called the suspension an "overcorrection," a gibe at Goodell, who has been criticized for his handling of player discipline.
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LONDON — The gibe, ridiculing burqa-wearing Muslim women as "letter boxes" and "bank robbers," was roundly condemned by the British political establishment.
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Among those who retweeted the Nazi gibe was Donald Trump Jr. According to Soros, 1944 was the formative year of his life.
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This is because, besides electricity generation, Gibe III will support a vast irrigation complex, equal in size to the entire irrigated area of Kenya.
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But he was wrong to react to a childish gibe by boasting about plans for sanctions without first clearing them with his G7 counterparts.
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In my timelines, I found myself called a "cuckservative," a favorite gibe of white nationalists; and someone Photoshopped my face into a gas chamber.
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She keeps her head when all about her are losing theirs and is adept at the deadpan gibe, usually delivered right between the ribs.
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Earlier this month Narendra Modi, India's prime minister, made a gibe at the country's outgoing vice-president, Hamid Ansari, who happens to be a Muslim.
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Four years later, Mr. Bloomberg said, he is still met at speaking engagements with Big Gulp cups, a gibe at his failed soda regulation effort.
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The Gibe Sheleko National Park, was only established in 2011, is reportedly home to about 200 hippos and covers approximately 36,000 square kilometers in land area.
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There's a carefree attitude to his comedy, a sense that even when faced with the most difficult or prejudiced situation, he can escape with a quick gibe.
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President Donald Trump has slapped sanctions on Russia's biggest aluminium producer, Rusal, intensified a trade tiff with China and tweeted a gibe against OPEC, the oil-producing cartel.
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In the midst of it was a massive sugar refinery, the reservoir of the Gibe III Dam, and the camp in Romo where the Mursi had been imprisoned.
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The lake's level has fallen by nearly 1.5m in the 18 months since the Gibe III reservoir started to fill, notes Sean Avery, a Nairobi-based water-resources consultant.
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On Saturday, North Korea's foreign minister hit out at Trump's "rocket man" gibe, telling the U.N. General Assembly that the comments made a nuclear strike against the U.S. inevitable.
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Gibe III alone is expected to generate as much electricity as currently produced by the whole of neighbouring Kenya, which has enthusiastically signed up to buy some of its power.
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It is headed the same way as "social-justice warrior", a phrase meaning roughly the same thing as "woke", which travelled the same road from lionising self-description to gibe.
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After years of delay, due primarily to funding shortages, the prime minister, Hailemariam Desalegne, at last inaugurated the 243-metre (800ft) Gibe III dam on the Omo River on December 17th.
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On the other hand, the "Glasshole" gibe that became commonplace in the Bay Area for adopters of Google's $1,500 notification machine was mostly about the device's ability to surreptitiously record people.
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The government has ploughed billions of dollars into hydropower megaprojects such as the Grand Renaissance Dam -- which will be the largest dam in Africa -- and the freshly-inaugurated Gibe III Dam.
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But that claim of responsibility didn't seem to gibe with the facts (a lone gunmen) or the repeated assertions by Manila police that the incident had nothing to do with terror.
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In various polls, Democratic voters have indicated that finding a candidate who can defeat the president next November matters to them more than nominating one whose policies gibe with their own views.
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Further note: Voters damn sure think that the "career politician" gibe is hypocritical when it is employed on behalf of a longtime Washington lobbyist who was running his fourth political race since 2006.
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By regulating the Omo's flow, in order to generate year-round electricity, Gibe III will have significant consequences downstream for the hundreds of thousands of people whose livelihoods are dependent on the annual flood.
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" Salini Impreglio, the firm that constructed the dam refuted their detractors, stating that "The campaign against the construction of the Gibe plant in Ethiopia is merely another initiative without a technical and scientific basis.
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" Mr. Trump's gibe at Mr. Corker echoed his name calling during the presidential campaign when he labeled Senator Marco Rubio of Florida "Little Marco," Senator Ted Cruz of Texas "Lyin' Ted" and Hillary Clinton "Crooked Hillary.
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Ethiopia's Gibe III Dam, which was completed in 2016, and irrigation for the Kuraz sugar plantations have already reduced water into Turkana from the Omo River, said Rudo Sanyanga, Africa director of the lobby group International Rivers.
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Mr Gou's fury at Ms Tsai's gibe suggests that he knows it would be political suicide to be seen as advocating the trade-off that China is so clearly offering, of greater prosperity at the expense of independence.
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"The only one that voted against us was a guy that can't stand the fact that he ran one of the worst campaigns in the history of the presidency," Trump said Thursday in a gibe aimed at Romney's failed 2012 presidential candidacy.
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AP's Darlene Superville points out that readouts from his calls with world leaders reveal a spate of upcoming overseas travel, heavy on Europe: Brussels: Trump agreed to attend a NATO leaders' meeting in late May, where he'll have to live down his "obsolete" gibe.
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WASHINGTON — President Trump refused on Tuesday to guarantee the job security of his embattled chief strategist, Stephen K. Bannon, defending Mr. Bannon as "not a racist" and "a friend" but repeating his gibe that he had been a Johnny-come-lately to the Trump campaign.
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Gibe III is the latest in a series being built along the Omo River by the government, which is also constructing what will be the largest-ever dam in Africa when it opens, in theory, next year: the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Blue Nile.
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" The catastrophic effects of the dam were foreseen in a 2011 United Nations report, in which the U.N. World Heritage Committee called upon the Ethiopian government to "immediately halt all construction" and for "all financial institutions supporting the Gibe III dam to put on hold their financial support.
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Beyond how the candidates grapple with the issue is the matter of how exactly it's perceived — as a sexist gibe by a candidate whose 2016 campaign faced complaints from female staff members, an 11th-hour smear by a candidate who has lost ground or some combination of both.
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To some extent, this is a replay of the controversy two years ago over Trump's remark that Megyn Kelly, who had questioned him aggressively during a debate, had "blood coming out of her wherever" — a comment widely seen, and deplored, as a gibe about Kelly having her period.
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The drop in water levels at the country's Gibe 3 dam had led to a deficit of 476 megawatts, Seleshi told a news conference, more than a third of the country's electricity generation of 1,400 MW. Ethiopia has also suspended electricity exports to neighboring Djibouti and Sudan, which earns the country $82 million a year, the minister said.
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When she released a biographical video featuring her Oklahoman roots and answering Donald Trump's "Pocahontas" gibe with a DNA test proving that she does have Native American ancestry, Jonathan Bernstein of Bloomberg View called the video the "latest in a series of solid moves Warren has been making" to persuade Democratic insiders that she can take on Trump.
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"He was like the type of guy that, if you didn't gibe with him, he'd be rude, he'd use his money to get things, he'd have six girls around the table and he'd sit back and laugh at them like a pig, he was super misogynistic," says the friend, who asked that her comments not be attributed to her for fear of reprisals.
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Map showing the Omo basin, with the Gibe River (Top right) The Gibe River (also Great Gibe River) is by far the largest tributary of the Omo River in Ethiopia and typically flowing south / southeast. The confluence of the large Gibe River at with the smaller Wabe River forms the even larger Omo River. Consequently, the whole drainage basin is sometimes called Omo-Gibe River Basin with the Gibe and the Omo draining the upper and lower reaches, respectively. Located in southwest Ethiopia, the Gibe River is not navigable, like almost all rivers in the country.
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The Gilgel Gibe II Power Station is a hydroelectric power station on the Omo River with a power output of 420 Megawatt (MW). The power station receives water from a tunnel entrance on the Gilgel Gibe River in a run-of-river scheme. The tunnel entrance is sitting downstream of the Gilgel Gibe I Dam also on the Gilgel Gibe River with which it forms a hydroelectric cascade.
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The Gilgel Gibe I Dam is a rock-filled embankment dam on the Gilgel Gibe River in Ethiopia. It is located about northeast of Jimma in Oromia Region. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production. The Gilgel Gibe I hydroelectric powerplant has an installed capacity of 184 MW, enough to power over 123,200 households.
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The following is a list of rulers of the Kingdom of Gera. The Gibe kingdom of Gera was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 19th century.
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The Gilgel Gibe III Dam is a 250 m high roller-compacted concrete dam with an associated hydroelectric power plant on the Omo River in Ethiopia. It is located about west of Sodo in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region. Once fully commissioned, it will be the third largest hydroelectric plant in Africa with a power output of about 1870 Megawatt (MW), thus more than doubling total installed capacity in Ethiopia from its 2007 level of 814 MW.Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation:Gibe III Hydroelectric Project Official Website , accessed on May 7, 2012Energy Information Administration: Ethiopia Energy Profile , accessed on October 27, 2009 The Gibe III dam is part of the Gibe cascade, a series of dams including the existing Gibe I dam (184 MW) and Gibe II power station (420 MW) as well as the planned Gibe IV (1472 MW) and Gibe V (560 MW) dams. The existing dams are owned and operated by the state-owned Ethiopian Electric Power, which is also the client for the Gibe III Dam. The US$1.8 billion project began in 2006 and began to generate electricity in October 2015.
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The Gibe rises at an elevation of more than 2,000 m north of Bila town and west of the Chomen swamp (specifically, from Gudeya Bila woreda, which is located in the East Welega Zone, Oromia Region). The river is then flowing generally to the southeast to its confluence with the Wabe River. Its tributaries include the Amara, Alanga and Gilgel Gibe rivers. The southern drainage area of the Gibe includes the historic Gibe region, where a number of the former kingdoms of the Oromo and Sidama peoples were located. The Gibe River terminates at the confluence with the Wabe River at an elevation of 1060 m from where the resulting river downstream is called the Omo River.
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The resettlement program required moving about 3,000 people to new areas including the people living under or near the power line connecting the power plant to Addis Ababa. Employing 307 expatriates from 32 countries and 4,015 local people, the plant was completed at a cost of about two billion birr and became Ethiopia's largest power plant at that time, with a capacity of 184 megawatts."New Hydroelectric Power Plant in Gilgel-Gibe Inaugurated by Prime Minister Meles Zenawi" (accessed 22 April 2006) The second phase of the development of the Gibe-Omo hydropower potential started with the Gilgel Gibe II Power Station on the Omo River. The flows of the Gilgel Gibe River, regulated by the Gilgel Gibe I Dam, are conveyed through a 26 km long hydraulic tunnel through the Fofa mountains to the Omo River in the neighboring river valley downstream of the Gilgel Gibe I. The plant, that produces about 420 MW did not require resettlements.
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Moti Abba Gomol was a King of the Gibe Kingdom of Jimma (r. 1862-1878).
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Moti Abba Jifar II was King of the Gibe Kingdom of Jimma (r. 1878-1932).
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Gilgel Gibe River (with Gilgel meaning Little) is a major tributary of the larger Gibe River in southwest Ethiopia in western Oromia Region. It flows in an arc through the south of the Jimma Zone, defining part of the Zone's boundary with that of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region as it turns north. It then joins the eastwards flowing Gibe River less than ten miles from its own confluence with the Omo River.
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In around 1710 the Macha Oromo conquered the Gonga kingdom of Ennarea in the Gibe region.
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For example, the Gilgel Gibe I reservoir, that feeds both the Gilgel Gibe I powerplant and the Gilgel Gibe II Power Station, has a capacity of 0.7 km3. In times of drought, there is no water left to generate electrical power. This heavily affected Ethiopia in the drought years 2015/16 and it was only the Gilgel Gibe III powerplant, that in 2016 just started to run in trial service on a 14 km3 well-filled reservoir, that saved the economy of Ethiopia. The GERD-reservoir, once it has filled, has a total water volume of 74 km3, 3 times the volume of Ethiopia's largest lake, Lake Tana.
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There are several power stations and dams in the Omo River basin which are named after the Gilgel Gibe River and Gibe River, which are tributaries of the Omo River. Despite the somewhat confusing naming they are native power stations and dams located on the Omo River.
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Environmental groups have criticized the loan as funding for the Gilgel Gibe III Dam through the backdoor.
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Moti Abba Jifar I was the first king of the Gibe Kingdom of Jimma, Ethiopia, (r. 1830-1855).
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The Africa Resources Working Group (ARWG), a collaborative of eight consultants from around the world, conducted an independent environmental impact statement of their own for the Gibe III dam. The alternative impact statement was performed because of the alleged corruption and inaccuracy of the official impact assessment. The ARWG criticizes many of the statements made in the official Gibe III ESIA. Regarding the flow of water into Lake Turkana, they state that the Gibe III dam will result in a 57-60% decrease of river flow volume.
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The altitude of this woreda ranges from 1160 to 2940 meters above sea level; the highest points include Ali Shashema, Ali Derar and Kumbi. Perennial rivers include the Gilgel Gibe a tributary of the Gibe, and the Kawar; seasonal streams include the Melka Luku. A survey of the land in this woreda shows that 36.6% is arable or cultivable, 16.8% pasture, 17.2% forest, and the remaining 29.4% is built-up or degraded. The Abelti-Gibe State Forest covers 159 square kilometers of the forested area.
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The Gibe region is used to indicate a historic region in modern southwestern Ethiopia, to the west of the Gibe and Omo Rivers, and north of the Gojeb. It was the location of the former Oromo and Sidama kingdoms of Gera, Gomma, Garo, Gumma, Jimma, and Limmu-Ennarea. To the north of the Gibe region lay the Macha tribe of the Oromo. Until the mid 16th century, this region was part of the Sidama kingdoms of Ennarea, Hadiya, Janjero and Kaffa, tributary states to the Ethiopian Solomonic dynasty.
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Plans to develop the hydroelectric potential of the Gilgel Gibe river were first announced in the 1980s. Construction of the Gilgel Gibe I Power Station started in 1986 and was completed in 2004, after being interrupted in the early 1990s. The plant includes a reservoir of about 0.917 cubic kilometers created by a dam about 40 meters high. The Gilgel Gibe river flows are returned to the natural river bed after having transformed the energy of the water into electricity through a powerplant equipped with three Francis turbines.
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Gibe is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Hadiya Zone, Gibe is bordered on the south by Gomibora, on the west by the Yem Special Woreda, and on the north and east by Misha. Towns in Misha include Hamecho. It was part of former Konteb woreda.
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The Gilgel Gibe II Power Station is a hydroelectric power station on the Omo River in Ethiopia. It is located about east of Jimma in Wolaita/Dawro Region. The power station receives water from a tunnel entrance on the Gilgel Gibe River. It has an installed capacity of 420 MW and was inaugurated on January 14, 2010.
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Water from the dam is diverted through a long tunnel to an underground power station downstream. The waters after power generation are discharged back into the Gilgel Gibe River to flow downstream northwards for roughly 2 km only to enter a long tunnel through a mountain ridge to an underground power station (Gilgel Gibe II Power Station) at the lower-lying Omo River.
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The Kingdom of Gomma was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 18th century. It was based in Agaro.
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Although Ennarea lost the land between the main Gibe river and Gibe Ennarea due to another Sadacha attack in 1594 it managed to expand north. In the 17th century, Ennarea declined, as the Oromo weakened its economy by cutting it off from the Ethiopian empire. Eventually, in the mid 17th century, the royal clan of Kaffa seized power in Ennarea. Thus, Kaffa, but also Sheka, became independent from Ennarea.
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Moti Abba Bok'a was a King of the Gibe Kingdom of Jimma (reigned 1859-1862). He was the son of Abba Magal, and brother of Abba Jifar I.
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The Gilgel Gibe II consists of a power station on the Omo River that is fed with water from a headrace tunnel and sluice gate on the Gilgel Gibe River. The headrace tunnel runs under the Fofa Mountain and at its end, it converts into a penstock with a drop. When the water reaches the power station, it powers four Pelton turbines that operate four 107 MW generators. Each turbine is in diameter.
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The following is a list of rulers of the Kingdom of Jimma. Jimma was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 19th century.
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The following is a list of rulers of the Kingdom of Gomma. Gomma was one of the monarchies in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 18th century.
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The following is a list of rulers of the Kingdom of Gumma. Gumma was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 18th century.
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The Liberal Party was, however, not dependent on the state-aid issue to win the election; other issues, such as the "36 faceless men" gibe, also did damage to the ALP.
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The Kingdom of Jimma was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 19th century. It shared its western border with Limmu- Ennarea, its eastern border with the Sidamo Kingdom of Janjero, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. Jimma was considered the most powerful militarily of the Gibe kingdoms. Dawro, an Ometo dialect, was the native language; it later slowly gave way to Oromo.
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Robert Jerome Gibe (August 10, 1928 – August 27, 2005) was an American competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. He swam for the gold medal-winning U.S. team in the preliminary heats of the men's 4×200-meter freestyle relay. However, Gibe did not receive a medal because under the Olympic swimming rules in effect in 1948, relay swimmers who only competed for winning teams in the preliminary heats were not eligible.
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Simegnew was born in 1964 in the small town of Maksegnit located in Begmeder Province (now in the Amhara Region). He completed a course at the Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo) technical training center in 1986. He taught at the institution for a while after graduating with a degree in Civil Engineering from Addis Ababa University in 1997. He served as deputy project manager for the Gilgel Gibe I and the project manager for the Gilgel Gibe II dams.
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The monologue treatment at the start and end of the video met polarized opinion; some considered it "meaningless" and a "gibe to her critics", while others called it "moving" and "really something".
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Beckingham and Huntingford, Some Records, p. lxxxix. Trimingham offers the date of 1780 for Nur Husain's departure from Mogadishu. Hassen explains the tradition around Nur Husain as reflecting the fact that "Gomma was the first state in the Gibe region where Islam became the religion of the whole people." Trimingham states that Gomma was the first of the Gibe kingdoms to convert to Islam, quoting Major G.W. Harris as writing that by 1841 "in Goma the Moslem faith is universal."J.
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This movement extended up to Bubula in the upper Gibe River. These clans include Galo-Malla, Walayta Malla, Boroda-Malla, Ayka, Fastigara, Enigara etc. From the above two perspectives one can conclude that, however, different clan explain their origins in various ways, however, both groups settled in the area for a long period of time and identified themes as Gofa. According to the second perspective the first homeland of Gofa was Bubula and Gibe in the upper valley of River Omo.
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The following is a list of rulers of the Kingdom of Garo or Bosha. Bosha was one of the kingdoms on the periphery of the Gibe region of Ethiopia. It existed from 1567 to 1883.
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Shit can also be used to establish social superiority over someone else. The most common gibe is eat shit! expressing contempt. Some other personal word may be added such as eat my shit implying truly personal connotations.
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Although its banks and watershed have been inhabited since time immemorial, it is first mentioned in the Royal Chronicle of Emperor Sarsa Dengel, who campaigned to the north of it in 1566.G.W.B. Huntingford, The historical geography of Ethiopia from the first century AD to 1704, (Oxford University Press: 1989), p. 143 The first European to see the Gibe was the Portuguese António Fernandes, who crossed the Gibe in 1613 as he left Ennarea and entered Janjero, and later described it as carrying "more Water than the Nile".
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In the process, it identifies major overlooked or otherwise minimized risks, not the least of which is a U.S. Geological Survey estimation of a high risk for a magnitude 7 or 8 earthquake in the Gibe III dam region.
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Omo River Delta The Omo River forms through the confluence of the Gibe River, by far the largest total tributary of the Omo River, and the Wabe River, the largest left-bank tributary of the Omo at . Given their sizes, lengths and courses one might consider both the Omo and the Gibe rivers to be one and the same river but with different names. Consequently, the whole river basin is sometimes called the Omo-Gibe River Basin. This river basin includes part of the western Oromia Region and the middle of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region. Its course is generally to the south, however with a major bend to the west at about 7° N 37° 30' E to about 36° E where it turns south until 5° 30' N where it makes a large S- bend then resumes its southerly course to Lake Turkana.
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The Gibe states includes Jemma, Gudru, Limmu- Enarya and Gera. Adjacent to western Oromo states exists the Omotic kingdom of Kaffa as well as other southern states in the Gojab and Omo river basins where slaves were the main agrarian producers.W.
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Even without the Gibe III hydro plant, according to one source Ethiopia had a surplus installed capacity of 400 megawatts.Allafrica.com:Ethiopia: AfDB Set to Start Funding Country's Gibe Dam, July 3, 2009, accessed on December 20, 2009 Under Ethiopia's current development plans it is said that the country will be more than 95% dependent on hydroelectric power. Ethiopia also predicted that the electricity power exports can bring about $407 million a year for the country and this amount is well above the country's most valuable coffee export. A secondary benefit of the project will be flood protection.
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Omo River Valley in 2010 It is estimated that more than 200,000 people rely on the Omo River below the dam for some form of subsistence such as flood recession agriculture, and many of these ethnic groups live in chronic hunger. Critics state that the Gibe III dam may worsen their situation. Indigenous people rely on recessional cultivation of food along the riverbanks, as well as livestock herding, for survival. The Gibe III dam and the associated decrease in water levels and seasonality of flows in the Omo River threaten the continuation of the only two options for survival in this arid environment—there are no alternatives.
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In 2004 an aeration plant was installed to address the root cause in the reservoir, as had been suggested 18 years earlier. Gilgel Gibe III Dam In the quarter century since Willow Creek, considerable research and experimentation have yielded innumerable improvements in concrete mix designs, dam designs and construction methods for roller-compacted concrete dams; by 2008, about 350 RCC dams existed worldwide.Brian Forbes, RCC – New Developments and Innovations Brazilian International Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) Symposium, Salvador, Brazil, 7Sept. 2008 Currently the highest dam of this type is the Gilgel Gibe III Dam in Ethiopia, at 250 m, with the Pakistani Diamer-Bhasha Dam under construction at 272 m.
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Moti Abba Jobir Abba Dula is a member of the Oromo people, a majority tribe in Ethiopia, and the last King of the Gibe Kingdom of Jimma (reigned 1932). He was the grandson of Abba Jifar II. He aligned himself with the Italian occupation of Ethiopia.
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The ARWG also notes that it is not necessarily the volume of water that is important to the Omo River and Turkana ecosystems, but that the seasonality and timing of the water flow is crucial, because certain biota are adapted to feeding, reproducing, growing, etc. in response to seasonal changes in water flow. Artificially releasing water from the Gibe III dam into the Omo River will not be sufficient to meet the needs of these biota. Additionally, the ARWG states that there is "no precedent of successful and sustained implementation" of an artificial flood simulation program in sub-Saharan Africa, so it is not guaranteed that such a program will be maintained at the Gibe III dam.
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The Battle of Embabo was fought 6 June 1882, between the Shewan forces of Negus Menelik II and the Gojjame forces of Negus Tekle Haymanot. The forces fought to gain control over the Oromo areas south of the Gibe River.Shinn, p. 67 The Gojjame forces under Tekle Haymanot were defeated.
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Dams built in Ethiopia provided over 1,500 MW of capacity by 2010. The four largest dams were built between 2004-2010. Gilgel Gibe III added 1,870 MW in 2016. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) will be one of the largest hydropower dams in Africa and among the largest in the world.
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This is what our studies show."Ethiopian President Meles Zenawi in a BBC interview, March 2009, Minutes 4:25 to 5:10 According to critics, the dam will be potentially devastating to the indigenous population.African Resources Working Group:A Commentary on the Environmental, Socioeconomic and Human Rights Impacts of the Proposed Gibe III Hydrodam in the Lower Omo River Basin of Southwest Ethiopia, January 2009, accessed on October 17, 2009 The dam will stop the seasonal flood, which will impact the lower reach of the Omo River and Lake Turkana as well as the people who rely on these ecosystems for their livelihoods. According to Terri Hathaway, director of International Rivers' Africa programme, Gibe III is "the most destructive dam under construction in Africa.
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Phallic warrior headgear from Kaffa, dating to the 17th century. In the same period Kaffa seized control of Ennarea. Between 1578 and 1586, the Borana Oromo invaded the Gibe region, eventually conquering the territory from around Ennarea to the Blue Nile. During this period of war the Oromo formed a new federation, known as Sadacha.
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The following is a list of rulers of the Kingdom of Janjero. Janjero was situated in southwestern Ethiopia, in the angle formed by the Omo and the Jimma Gibe Rivers; to the west lay the Kingdom of Jimma and to the south the Kingdom of Garo. It existed from the 15th century to 1894.
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Gomibora is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Hadiya Zone, Gomibora is bordered on the south by Soro, on the west by the Yem special woreda, on the north by Gibe, on the northeast by Misha, and on the east by Limo. Gomibora was part of Soro woreda.
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He was described as small and decidedly "French" in appearance (hence O'Connell's gibe about his being a "transplanted Frenchman"); his face was dominated by shaggy eyebrows, under which his black eyes had a piercing but not unkindly expression.Dunlop p.335 His private life was blameless and despite his anti-Catholic bias his character was described as honourable and affectionate.
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The Kingdom of Garo, also known as Bosha after its ruling dynasty, was an ancient kingdom in the Horn of Africa. Established by the mecha oromo, it was situated on the periphery of the Gibe region. The garo oromo was named from the word (gaara) means "the upper site", the place where they were living at that time.
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In November 2008, Mysore was deployed to the Gulf of Aden to replace the frigate as part of the Indian Navy's efforts to combat piracy off Somalia. On 13 December 2008, Mysore captured 23 sea pirates along with arms and ammunition when the pirates were trying to capture MV Gibe, a ship sailing under the Ethiopian flag.
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This former kingdom was mostly located on a plateau with an average elevation of 6500 feet, and had a population estimated in 1880 of about 50,000. Its inhabitants had a reputation as warriors.C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593-1646 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), p. lxxix Beckingham and Huntingford considered Gumma, along with Gomma, was the least economically developed of the Gibe kingdoms; however Mohamed Hassen notes that, with the exception of the northern and western boundaries where constant raiding by her neighbors, the Arjo in the north and the Nonno in the west, forced those living in those parts to embrace pastoralism, the land was intensively farmed and grew many of the same crops as the other Gibe kingdoms -- sorghum, wheat, barley and cotton—except for coffee.
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The altitude of this woreda ranges from 1300 to 2810 meters above sea level. Peaks include Mount Uko, Mount Buke, Mount Deleta and Mount Gushis. Rivers include the Aleltu, Kurchi, Gorochan and Gibe. A survey of the land in this woreda shows that 38.7% is arable or cultivable, 9.6% pasture, 39.5% forest, and the remaining 12.2% is considered marshy, mountainous or otherwise unusable.
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The Gilgel Gibe III Dam is and high roller-compacted concrete dam. It withholds a reservoir with a capacity of and a surface area of , collecting with a catchment area of . The reservoir's live (active or "useful") storage is and dead storage . The normal operating level of the reservoir is above sea level with a maximum of and minimum of .
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The senior writer picked up on their involuntary humor, and proceeded to ridicule Caion. Cosmin Ciotloș, "Marcă înregistrată" , in România Literară, Nr. 22/2011 Literary historian Tudor Vianu believes that Caion was especially infuriated when Caragiale's magazine, Moftul Român, made a public mockery of his Secessionist prose poem.Vianu, p.188 In his gibe, Caragiale feigned enthusiasm about the young writer's debut.
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The priest of Varlungo lies with Monna Belcolore: he leaves with her his cloak by way of pledge, and receives from her a mortar. He returns the mortar, and demands of her the cloak that he had left in pledge, which the good lady returns him with a gibe. Panfilo tells this story, which can be considered a variation of VIII, 1.
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Being and Becoming Oromo: Historical and Anthropological Enquiries. Nordic Africa Institute (1996) pp. 254 In southern Ethiopia the Gibe and Kaffa kings exercised their right to enslave and sell the children of parents too impoverished to pay their taxes.Gwyn Campbell, Suzanne Miers, Joseph Calder Miller Women and Slavery: Africa, the Indian Ocean world, and the medieval north Atlantic, Volume 1.
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"In victory Menelik was prepared to be magnanimous", Marcus states. Menelik allowed the common soldiers to return to their farms and plough their lands before the rainy season.Marcus, Menelik II, p. 70 For his vital role in the conflict, Menelik awarded Ras Gobana the governorship of the Gibe region, making the Ras potentially the most powerful man in Shewa—after Negus Menelik.
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Map showing the location of the five Oromo kingdoms in the Gibe region. Historically, Afaan Oromo-speaking people used their own Gadaa system of governance. Oromos also had a number of independent kingdoms, which they shared with the Sidama people. Among these were the Gibe region kingdoms of Kaffa, Gera, Gomma, Garo, Gumma, Jimma, Leeqa-Nekemte and Limmu-Ennarea. Fitawrari Habte Giyorgis Dinagde was Prime Minister of Ethiopia and Ministry of Defense during the reign of Menelik II The earliest known documented and detailed history of the Oromo people was by the Ethiopian monk Abba Bahrey who wrote Zenahu le Galla in 1593, though the synonymous term Gallas was mentioned in maps or elsewhere much earlier. After the 16th century, they are mentioned more often, such as in the records left by Abba Pawlos, Joao Bermudes, Jerorimo Lobo, Galawdewos, Sarsa Dengel and others.
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A traditional Tutsi basket. According to Fage (2013), the Tutsi are serologically related to Bantu and Nilotic populations. This in turn rules out a possible Cushitic origin for the founding Tutsi-Hima ruling class in the lacustrine kingdoms. However, the royal burial customs of the latter kingdoms are quite similar to those practiced by the former Cushitic Sidama states in the southern Gibe region of Ethiopia.
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Ikal Angelei is a Kenyan politician and environmentalist. She was born in Kitale. She was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2012, in particular for her voicing of environmental implications of the Gilgel Gibe III Dam, speaking on behalf of Kenyan indigenous communities.. She is the founder of the organisation Friends of Lake Turkana which campaigns for environmental justice in the region around the Lake Turkana.
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In 2006, a flood claimed the lives of at least 360 people and thousands of livestock in the lower Omo River basin. Allegedly, a further benefit would be a reduction in the impact of droughts,Seleshi Bekele and Jonathan Lautze:Blowback:Ethiopia's Gibe III dam: a balanced assessment, Los Angeles Times, accessed on May 7, 2012 presumably through the planned large, Ethiopian-owned irrigated sugar plantations.
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The Spectrum Guide to Ethiopia describes it as a popular site for white-water rafting in September and October, when the river is still high from the rainy season.Camerapix (2000), p. 262 Its most important tributary is the Gibe River; smaller tributaries include the Wabi, Denchya, Gojeb, Mui and Usno rivers. The Omo-Bottego River formed the eastern boundaries for the former kingdoms of Janjero, and Garo.
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The Kingdom of Janjero (also known as Yamma) was a tiny kingdom located in what is now Ethiopia. It lay in the angle formed by the Omo and the Jimma Gibe Rivers; to the west lay the Kingdom of Jimma and to the south the Kingdom of Garo. Three mountains — Mount Bor Ama, Mount Azulu and Mount Toba — all distinguish the location of the former kingdom.
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Since early, the sexual preferences of Barreto brought forth suspicion (and, later, gibe) among his contemporaries. Bachelor, without girlfriend or known mistress, many of his texts transpire a sufficiently explicit homoerotic inclination. The suspicion was eventually confirmed when he presented himself as promoter in Brazil of the "cursed" Oscar Wilde, whose works he translated into Portuguese. Historians have labeled him as a "notable black homosexual writer".
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King Gomol settled wealthy men from his kingdom in the former state. He also brought important men from Garo to live at Jiren, thus integrating the two polities.Lewis, Galla Monarchy, p. 45 It was shortly after his son Abba Jifar II assumed the throne that the power of the neguses of Shewa began to reach into the Gibe region for the first time in centuries.
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The palace also housed professional soldiers, whom the azazi had the power to assign infrastructural maintenance chores to. Other officers oversaw other day-to-day activities at the palace, including artisanal labor and royal court guest hospitality.Herbert S. Lewis, A Galla Monarchy: Jimma Abba Jifar (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1965), p. 71 Like the other Gibe kingdoms, Jimma's ruler King Abba Jifar also owned many slaves.
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The main contractor is the Italian company Webuild (formerly Salini Impregilo), which also served as primary contractor for the Gilgel Gibe II, Gilgel Gibe III, and Tana Beles dams. Simegnew Bekele was the project manager of GERD from the start of construction in 2011 up to his death on 26 July 2018. The dam is expected to consume 10 million metric tons of concrete. The government has pledged to use only domestically produced concrete. In March 2012, Salini awarded the Italian firm Tratos Cavi SPA a contract to supply low- and high-voltage cable for the dam. Alstom will provide the eight 375 MW Francis turbines for the project's first phase, at a cost of €250 million.Alstom:Alstom to supply hydroelectric equipment for the Grand Renaissance dam in Ethiopia, 7 January 2013 As of April 2013, nearly 32 percent of the project was complete. Site excavation and some concrete placement was underway.
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The two Intermittent rivers which almost alone contribute the remaining 2% of water inflow are the Turkwel River and the Kerio River in Kenya in the western part of the basin. Much of the Turkana Basin today can be described as arid scrubland or even desert. The exception is the Omo-Gibe River valley to the north. Important towns within the Turkana Basin include Lokitaung, Kakuma, Lodwar, Lorogumu, Ileret and Kargi.
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According to Beckingham and Huntingford, there is evidence that the monarchy of Gera existed before the Great Oromo migration in the 16th century.Beckingham and Huntingford, Some Records, p. lxxxv. However, according to Mohammed Hassen Gera was the last of the Gibe kingdoms to come into existence, and was founded by Gunji, "a successful war leader who made himself king" around 1835, but died shortly afterwards.Hassen, The Oromo, p.
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Powerplants that have been readied or are under construction in Ethiopia, such as Gilgel Gibe III or Koysha, whose exports (if given surplus energy) will mainly be going to Kenya through a 500 kV HVDC line. The volume of the reservoir will be two to three times that of Lake Tana. Up to 7,000 tonnes of fish are expected to be harvested annually. The reservoir may become a tourist destination.
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The gesture was meant as a gibe against manager Marco van Basten, who did not opt to start him in the fixture. In the fourth round of the KNVB Cup, in December 2014, Tanković scored a brace against NEC as AZ won 2–1 and qualified for the quarter finals. His form declined during the spring of 2015. He eventually finished the season with making 26 league appearances, scoring 5 goals.
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The Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 19th century. It shared its eastern border with the Kingdom of Jimma, its southern border with the Kingdom of Gomma and its western border with the Kingdom of Gumma. Beyond its northern border lay tribes of the Macha Oromo. Jimma was considered the most civilized of the Gibe kingdoms, which had a population in the 1880s between 10,000 and 12,000.Mordechai Abir, The era of the princes: the challenge of Islam and the re-unification of the Christian empire, 1769-1855. (London: Longmans, 1968), p. 81 It was converted to Islam by missionaries from Harar in the first half of the 19th century; C.T. Beke, writing in 1841, reported that its "king and most of his subjects are Mohammedan."Beke, "Respecting the Geography of Southern Abyssinia", Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, 12 (1842), p.
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The current threats to Suri and neighbouring groups' livelihoods are massive state-led ventures like construction of the Gibe-3 (Omo) dam (completed in 2016) that eliminated river-bank cultivation and led to water scarcity, as well as the ongoing construction of huge mono-crop (sugar-cane) plantations in much of their pasture and cultivation areas. These seriously affect livelihoods, biodiversity, resources, and space, and do not lead to human development of the local peoples.
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Large dam projects are prone to delays. The dams built in Ethiopia are no exception to the rule and all have been delayed by at least one year. A complex geology has been one of the reasons for the delays, leading to landslides and tunnel collapses. The Gibe II dam has been affected by such problems even after its completion, when a tunnel collapsed and put the hydropower plant out of service for several months.
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The Kingdom of Gera (1835 - 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera.
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The altitude of this district ranges from 1000 to 3340 meters (3281 to 10958 feet) above sea level. Major peaks include Mounts Maigudo, Gudaje and Dasu Boreto. Perennial rivers include the Gilgel Gibe, Nada Guda and Beyem. A survey of the land in this district shows that 56.8% is arable or cultivable (36.3% was under annual crops), 25.2% pasture, 6.3% forest, and the remaining 11.7% is considered swampy, degraded or otherwise unusable.
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This quartet was used for the Olympic final. The next four-Eugene Rogers in 2:14.2, Edwin Gilbert in 2:15.4, Robert Gibe in 2:15.6, and William Dudley in 2:15.9, were used in the Olympic prelims.Page 128 1948 US Olympic Book The next three swimmers-Joe Verdeur who came in 2:16.3, Alan Ford in 2;16.4 and George Hoogerhyde in 2:17.4 were not used in any capacity in the 4x200 freestyle relay.
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Ohio University Press (2007) pp. 225 Google Books Guma is one of the Gibe states that adjoins Enarea where Abba Bogibo rules and under his rule inhabitants of Guma were more than those of any other country doomed to slavery. Before Abba Rebu's adoption of Islamism the custom of selling whole families for minor crimes done by a single individual was a custom.Murray The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society: JRGS, Volume 13.
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Konteb was one of the 77 woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Hadiya Zone, Konteb was bordered on the south by Soro, on the west by the Omo River which separates it from the Yem special woreda, on the north by the Gurage Zone, and on the east by Limo. Towns in Konteb included Geja, Hamecho, Kose, Morsito and Sera. Konteb was divided for Gibe and Misha woredas.
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Misha is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Hadiya Zone, Misha is bordered on the south by Gomibora, on the southwest by Gibe, on the west by the Yem Special Woreda, on the north by the Gurage Zone, on the east by the Silt'e Zone, and on the southeast by Limo. Towns in Misha include Geja and Morsito. It was part of former Konteb woreda.
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The Blue Nile River supplies 85% of the water entering Egypt. The large Gilgel Gibe III hydroelectric project, after commissioning in 2016, more than doubled Ethiopias installed electricity generation capabilities and is one of the largest hydropower projects in Africa. It lies outside the River Nile basin and did not face vetoes by Egypt. Some scientists said that the project could reduce the flow of the Omo River, kill ecosystems, and reduce the water level of Lake Turkana.
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Scholars believe the Oromo converted to Islam as a means of preserving their identity and a bulwark against assimilation into Ethiopia. By late 17th century, the Oromo had friendly relations with the Amharas. So when emperor Iyasu I tried to attack the Oromo, he was convinced by local Amharic rulers to back down. The Oromo also formed political coalitions with previously subdued people of Ethiopia, including the Sidama people and the locals of Ennarea, Gibe and Kingdom of Damot.
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Gomma shared its northern border with Limmu-Ennarea, its western border with Gumma, its southern border with Gera, and its eastern border with Jimma. Its capital was Agaro. This former kingdom was mostly located in an undulating valley, with a population estimated in 1880 of about 15,000-16,000; its extent is roughly the same as the modern woreda of Gomma. Beckingham and Huntingford considered Gomma, along with Gumma, was the least economically developed of the Gibe kingdoms;C.
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The church was expanded in accordance with the needs of the population was expanded and eventially had three naves, the central one covered with a slightly-pointed barrel vault and the two sides ones gibe testimony to the time they were made. Later, the Baroque Purisima, made by Agusti Pujol in 1623, made another, in Barcelona. Another highlight is the apse of the right aisle of the church dedicated to Sant Flavia. The altarpiece disappeared during the Civil War.
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The Gibe III dam is already under construction by Ethiopia along its Omo River, with general recognition that it will cause a major decrease in river flow downstream and a serious reduction of inflow to Kenya's Lake Turkana, which receives 90 per cent of its waters from the river. According to the ARWG report, these changes will destroy the survival means of at least 200,000 pastoralists, flood-dependent agriculturalists and fishers along the Omo River 300,000 pastoralists and fishers around the shores of Lake Turkana – plunging the region's ethnic groups into cross-border violent conflict reaching well into South Sudan, as starvation confronts all of them. The report offers a devastating look at a deeply flawed development process fuelled by the special interests of global finance and African governments. In the process, it identifies major overlooked or otherwise minimised risks, not the least of which is a U.S. Geological Survey estimation of a high risk for a magnitude 7 or 8 earthquake in the Gibe III dam region.
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Among these critics is the African Resources Working Group who released statements saying that "The quantitative [and qualitative] data included in virtually all major sections of the report were clearly selected for their consistence with the predetermined objective of validating the completion of the Gibe III hydro-dam" and that despite claims made by the government to the contrary, the dam would "produce a broad range of negative effects, some of which would be catastrophic." Another prominent critic of the dam is the Kenyan paleoanthropologist Richard Leakey who said that "the project is fatally flawed in terms of its logic, in terms of its thoroughness, in terms of its conclusions".Richard Leakey:The Gibe III dam must be stopped, March 26, 2009 In June 2011 UNESCO's World Heritage Committee, in its 35th session held in Paris, France, called for the construction of the dam to be halted, to submit all assessments of the dam and requested Ethiopia and Kenya to invite a World Heritage Centre/IUCN monitoring mission to review the dam's impact on Lake Turkana, a World Heritage Site.
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A December 2012 study stated Ethiopia's Gibe III dam would cause humanitarian catastrophe and major cross-border armed conflict. Construction of one of the world's tallest dams on the Omo River in southern Ethiopia will lead to mass starvation among a half million indigenous people in an already famine-prone region, sparking major armed conflict in the three-nation border region over its disappearing natural resources, according to a new report from the African Resources Working Group (ARWG). "Humanitarian Catastrophe and Regional Armed Conflict Brewing in the Transborder Region of Ethiopia, Kenya, and South Sudan: The Proposed Gibe III Dam in Ethiopia" analyzes the full scale of impacts of the dam and charges that no environmental or social review of the full cross-border impact area has been carried out by the Ethiopian government or international development banks involved in the project, including the World Bank. It is authored by a member of the ARWG and long-term researcher in the region, Claudia J. Carr, an associate professor at the University of California, Berkeley.
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In Ethiopia, the total demand for electrical power is increasing by ~30 % annually. There is a race between available power generation capacities and the electrification and availability of electricity. In 2016 and 2017, while plenty of electricity was available through the addition of the new Gilgel Gibe III power plant to the national power grid, substations and power transmission lines were running out of capacity, with frequent outages and shortages which resulted in a wave of additions of substations and power transmission lines.
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The decreased water flow of the Omo River resulting from the Gibe III dam will have significant impacts on the ecosystems surrounding the river. The Omo River Basin is home to the only pristine riparian forest remaining in the drylands of sub-Saharan Africa. The survival of this forest is dependent upon the seasonal flooding of the Omo River, which will cease with construction of the dam. This may cause 290 km2 of forest to "dry out" from lack of water.
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The Kingdom of Gumma was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 18th century. Its eastern border was formed by the bend of the Didessa River, which separated it from (proceeding downstream to upstream) Limmu-Ennarea to the northeast, and the kingdoms of Gomma and Gera to the south. Beyond its northern border were various Macha Oromo groups, and to the west Sidamo groups. Its territory corresponds approximately with the modern woredas of Gechi and Didessa.
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Dano is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Mirab Shewa Zone, Dano is bordered on the southwest by the Jimma Zone, on the north by Cheliya, and on the southeast by Nono; part of the boundary with the Jimma Zone is defined by the Gibe River. The major town in Dano is Sayo. Although coffee is an important cash crop of this woreda, less than 20 square kilometers are planted with this crop.
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In 2008 ICBC was the first Chinese Bank to adopt the Equator Principles, an international set of social and environmental standards for financial institutions launched in 2003. It has also adopted the Green Credit Policy launched in 2007 by the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection. International environmental groups have criticized ICBC for failing to adhere to its social environmental standards and of being hypocritical, because ICBC is involved in the financing of the controversial Gilgel Gibe III Dam in Ethiopia.
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Contracts to build the first dams in Ethiopia constructed under the government of Meles Zenawi, who came to power in 1991, have been awarded after competitive bidding. This is the case of the Gilgel Gibe I dam built by the Italian firm Salini under World Bank financing and the Tekeze dam built by the Chinese firm CWHEC with Chinese financing. Both contracts were awarded in the 1990s. However, soon afterwards the Ethiopian government changed its policy and decided to award contracts directly without competitive bidding.
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The altitude of this woreda ranges from 1640 to 2800 meters above sea level; mountains include Geshe, Haro, Gebera and Hako Albiti. Perennial rivers include the Gilgel Gibe, the Busa, the Nedi and the Aleltu. A survey of the land in this woreda shows that 26% is arable or cultivable (20.5% was under annual crops), 8.3% pasture, 14% forest, and the remaining 51.7% is considered built-up, degraded or otherwise unusable. Forest land includes the Gesha forest, part of the Tiro Becho State Forest.
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The altitude of this woreda ranges from 1740 to 2660 meters above sea level; mountains include Sume, Gora, Kero, Folla and Jiren. Perennial rivers include the Gilgel Gibe, Karsa, Bulbul, Melekta and the Birbirsa. A survey of the land in this woreda shows that 58.6% is arable or cultivable (37.5% was under annual crops), 17.3% pasture, 6.0% forest, and the remaining 18.9% is considered swampy, degraded or otherwise unusable.Socio-economic profile of the Djimma (sic) Zone Government of Oromia Region (last accessed 1 August 2006).
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Limo (also spelled Lemo) is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. The relationship of the name of this woreda to that of the medieval kingdom in the Gibe region is unclear. A part of the Hadiya Zone, Limo is bordered on the south by the Kembata Tembaro Zone, on the southwest by Duna and Soro, on the west by Gomibora, on the northwest by Misha, on the northeast by Ana Lemo, and on the southeast by Shashogo. Towns in Lemo include Belesa and Lisana.
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Kenny p.206 Limerick, his own home for many years, is also described in some detail. The bridge divides the north town from the south town, the south town (Irish Town) now being largely decayed. He praises the north town (English Town) as "magnificent" in appearance: the High Street is built of marble, in the form of a single building from one gate to another, "like the colleges in Oxford, so that at my first entrance it did amaze me", although he cannot resist a gibe about the dirt and foul smells.
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The Oromo migrations were a series of expansions in the 16th and 17th centuries by the Oromo people from southern areas of Ethiopia to more northern regions. The migrations had a severe impact on the Solomonic dynasty of Abyssinia, as well as being the death blow to the recently defeated Adal Sultanate. The migrations concluded in around 1710, when the Oromo conquered the kingdom of Ennarea in the Gibe region. In the 17th century, Ethiopian emperor Susenyos I relied on Oromo support to gain power, and married an Oromo woman.
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There has been no estimate of the overall number of people that would have to be resettled to make room for dams and reservoirs in Ethiopia. Since most dams are to be built in narrow valleys, the areas to be inundated are not as large as, for example, in the case of Lake Nasser in Egypt. Lake Nasser covers an area of more than 5,000 km2 and displaced more than 60,000 people. Resettlement at Gibe I has been implemented satisfactorily according to the World Bank, in compliance with the institutions’ resettlement policies.
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The Kingdom of Gera was located in a basin surrounded with gently undulating hills, although extensive swampland existed in the northern hills. The population of this kingdom was estimated in 1880 to have been between 15,000 and 16,000.C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593-1646 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), p. lxxix The planting and harvesting of corn followed a different calendar in Gera from the other Gibe kingdoms; where the others planted in February and harvested in July, in Gera it was planted in April and harvested in August.
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In July 2010 the EIB stopped financing environmental and social studies for the dam, stating that "alternative financing" had been found.Bloomberg:EIB Halts Funding of Gibe III Dam Studies in Ethiopia 19 July 2010, accessed on 18 September 2010 The African Development Bank had also been considering a US$250 million loan for the electro-mechanical equipment of the plant. The World Bank also had considered funding the project. In 2008 the World Bank decided not to pursue a full feasibility study for the dam, because of the absence of competitive bidding for the prime contractor.
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The company builds transformers and also develops transmission lines as an EPC contractor. In Ethiopia, TBEA was in 2009 awarded the contract to develop the transmission line to Addis Ababa for the Gilgel Gibe III Dam.Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation:Gibe III Hydroelectric Project Official Website In September 2010 in Zambia, the state power company ZESCO signed an EPC contract with TBEA to build US$334 million330 kv high voltage transmission lines, which would supply power to Eastern, Luapula, Northern and Muchinga Provinces. The project held a groundbreaking in July 2012.
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The Kingdom of Kaffa (c. 1390-1897) was an early modern state located in what is now Ethiopia, with its first capital at Bonga. The Gojeb River formed its northern border, beyond which lay the Gibe kingdoms; to the east the territory of the Konta and Kullo peoples lay between Kaffa and the Omo River; to the south numerous subgroups of the Gimira people, and to the west lay the Majangir people.G.W.B. Huntingford, The Galla of Ethiopia; the Kingdoms of Kafa and Janjero (London: International African Institute, 1955), p.
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According to oral traditions the royal Ennarean clan, the Hinnare Bushasho, originated in northern Ethiopia before settling in the Gibe region. In the 9th century Aksumite king Digna-Jan is said to have led a campaign into Innarya, accompanied by "150 priests carrying 60 consecrated tablets (tabot)". In the 13th century, Ennarea was recorded to be a province of the Motalami's of Damot, a kingdom south of the Blue Nile. An early 19th-century document regarding the early history of Damot and Ennarea attests a political union of these two kingdoms.
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The second perspective is that the name Gofa is derived from one of the powerful and warrior leader of the nationality, Kawo Gooba. According to the view, the original name of Gofa was Gooba but later gradually the name changed into Gofa. There is also the third claim from elders that the name Gofa is the original name of the people in the first homeland Gibe, which, is derived from the line of the ancestral line of descent. This claim is further supported by the genealogical structure of the nationality Gofa.
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Moti Abba Rebu was king of the Gibe Kingdom of Jimma, in Ethiopia, (reigned 1855–1859). He was the son of Abba Jifar I. Abba Rebu was a warlike king, and said to have been tyrannical. He defeated his older brother and designated heir Abba Gommol for control of the throne, and exiled him to the Kingdom of Kaffa. Abba Rebu was killed in battle, either fighting against the Kingdom of Gomma who surprised him by bringing soldiers from the kingdoms of Limmu- Ennarea and Gera, or by the treachery of his own subjects.
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Gafat was just within the kingdom of Damot to the north upper Gibe River and bordered directly on southern bank of the Blue Nile. Like near by Damot, Gafat is reported in the Gedle Yared to have come under Zagwe rule in the 12th century and Tekle Haymanot accomplished his mission as well. Gafat on both side of the Nile appeared to have kept them in great numbers. In the reign of Yesëhaq (1412-1417), a number of Gafat community such Malogwe, Abdary, and Harbäwäš south of the Nile paid tribute in the cattle.
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Alessandro Triulzi, "Trade, Islam, and the Mahdia in Northwestern Wallagga, Ethiopia", Journal of African History, 16 (1975), p. 68 Some of the southern communities militarily opposed Ras Gobana's army throughout his campaigns, while others, particularly the kingdoms in the Gibe region, embraced the alliance with Ras Gobena and Menelik II, who later became the Emperor of Ethiopia. Despite the opposition, historian Dr. Donald Levine states that some southern Oromo supported Ras Gobana and the Ethiopian centralization was "welcomed as a way to put an end" to 'intertribal fighting' between the Oromo communities.
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This quartet was used for the Olympic final. The next four-Eugene Rogers in 2:14.2, Edwin Gilbert in 2:15.4, Robert Gibe in 2:15.6, and William Dudley in 2:15.9, were used in the Olympic prelims.Page 128 1948 US Olympic Book The next three swimmers-Joe Verdeur who came in 2:16.3, Alan Ford in 2;16.4 and George Hoogerhyde in 2:17.4 were not used in any capacity in the 4x200 freestyle relay. Verdeur was named Swimmer of the Year by Sport Magazine in 1948 and 1949.
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"He had astonishing acuteness, great > argumentative power, wide and accurate knowledge, excellent style," > Saintsbury says of Mallock. "He might have seemed—he did seem, I believe, to > some—to have in him the making of an Aristophanes or a Swift of not so much > lessened degree... And yet after the chiefly scandalous success of The New > Republic he never 'came off.' To attribute this to the principles he > advocated is to nail on those who dislike those principles their own > favourite gibe of 'the stupid party.'"Sainstsbury, George (1923).
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Wabe River (also Wabi River, Uabi River) is a west-southwest flowing river of south-central Ethiopia, entirely confined within the reaches of Gurage Zone of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region. This river is a perennial river. A principal tributary of the Omo River on the left side, it joins the much larger Gibe River at from where the joint river continues as the Omo River. The river rises at an elevation of 2,850 m in the Shewan highlands and discharges into the Omo river at an elevation of 1060 m.
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The Weyto people were socially outcast among the Ethiopian ethnic groups for hunting and eating Hippopotamus. The Weyto people are described in historical texts as a group of hippopotamus hunters in Ethiopia around Lake Tana, Lake Zwai and Bahir Dar. Due to their diet on hippopotamus meat, the Weyto have been considered an outcast people and despised by Amhara and other ethnic groups. Enrico Cerulli linked them to two other outcast groups of Ethiopia with similar names and live primarily as hunters: the Watta or Manjo of the Gibe region and former Kingdom of Kaffa; and the Watta amongst the Borana people.
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Mohammed Hassen adds that Gera "was, and still is, the rich land of honey" and notes that Gera honey had a reputation as the finest honey in Ethiopia. Hassen lists eight kinds of honey cultivated in Gera, the best being the Ebichaa ("dark") honey, from which was made a mead known as dadhi, the drink of royalty and dignitaries in the Gibe region. "It is not surprising, therefore," Hassen concludes, "that the flavorsome and prestigious Ebichaa was a royal monopoly."Mohammed Hassen, The Oromo of Ethiopia: A History 1570-1860 (Trenton: Red Sea Press, 1994), p.
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The Sidama preserved their cultural heritage, including their traditional religion and language until the late 1880s during the conquest by Emperor Menelik II. Before this, the Sidama had their own well-established administrative systems that dated at least to the 9th century, though it was made up of a loose coalition of Sidama kingdoms. These kingdoms extended into the Gibe region. As a result of marginalization and since the language does not have its own alphabet, very little has been written on Sidama issues. Many were not able to attend school until after the Derg came to power in 1975.
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In either case, due to this Portuguese influence, the kings of Limmu- Ennarea called themselves supera, unlike the other Gibe kings who used the Oromo word "Moti" which originally indicated the office of the war leader (also called Abba Dula) during the cycle of his Gadaa. In 1825, Bofu abdicated in favor of his son, Abba Bagibo, under whose rule Limmu-Ennarea reached the peak of its existence. Due to wars in neighboring Jimmu, merchants used the trade route through his kingdom to gain access to Kaffa. Abba Bagibo made a concerted effort to promote this trade, both with beneficial policies (e.g.
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Limmu-Ennarea was secured for Shewa by Ras Gobana Dacche following the decisive Battle of Embabo, without a single blow being struck; however, when Ras Gobana fell from power a few years later in the mid-1880s, the entire Gibe region erupted in revolt.Hassen, The Oromo, pp. 199f Dejazmach Wolde Giyorgis then re-conquered the kingdom by force; the Dejazmach afterwards built a church dedicated to St Marqos near the royal palace. Abba Bagibo, the son of the last king, Abba Gomoli, converted to Christianity for political advantages, changed his name to Gabra Selassie, and became a Fitawrari in the Ethiopian Empire.
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Gibraltarian English (abbreviated GibE) denotes the accent of English spoken in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar.Language Change and Variation in Gibraltar, David Levey, John Benjamins Publishing, 2008, page 99+, Gibraltarian English: Vowels and Diphthongs (chapter 5), Retrieved Aug. 28, 2014, (Gibraltarian English studied by linguists)A New New English: Language, Politics, and Identity in Gibraltar, Anja Kellermann, BoD – Books on Demand, 2001, Some Axioms of the Analysis of 'Gibraltarian English', Retrieved Aug. 28, 2014 The English language has been present at Gibraltar for approximately 300 years, and during these centuries English has mixed with diverse languages, particularly Andalusian Spanish.
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In May 2007, Adweek columnist Tom Messner called The Sun "the best paper in New York", noting that "The New York Sun is a conservative paper, but it gets the respect of the left. The Nations April 30 issue contains an article on the Suns rise by Scott Sherman that is as balanced an article as I have ever read in the magazine (not a gibe; you don't read The Nation for balance)." Catholic commentator Richard John Neuhaus, writing in First Things, described the Sun as a paper that had "made itself nearly indispensable for New Yorkers".
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Ennarea, also known as E(n)narya or In(n)arya (Gonga: Hinnario), was a kingdom in the Gibe region in what is now western Ethiopia. It became independent from the kingdom of Damot in the 14th century and would be the most powerful kingdom in the region until its decline in the 17th century. Being located on the southwestern periphery of the Ethiopian Empire, Ennarea was its tributary throughout much of its history, supplying the emperor with gold and slaves. The culmination of this relationship was the Christianization of the Ennarean elite in the late 1580s.
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Rivers in this woreda include the Abuko, Mara, Robi and Gibe. The all-weather highway which links Nekemte to the capital city Addis Ababa runs through all three towns in this woreda. A survey of the land in Bako Tibe shows that 54.25% is arable or cultivable, 23.98% pasture, 5.12% forest, and 16.65% infrastructure or other uses.SABA Engineering for the Ethiopian Roads Authority, Road Sector Development Support Program Project: environmental impact assessment (Vol. 2 of 4): Final report for Gedo - Nekemte, Addis Ababa: October 2006: Appendix 3 "Land Use and Land Cover of Weredas along the Project Route", p.
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Abba Magal () was a leader of the Diggo Oromo, and the father of Abba Jifar I. Previously, the Diggo, based in the area of Mana, had conquered the nearby town of Hirmata that was home to the Lalo people. This victory gave Abba Magal enough wealth to compete with the dominant Oromo clan in Jimma, the Badi of Saqqa. With the help of his four sons, he began a series of wars that led to the formation of the Gibe Kingdom of Jimma.Herbert S. Lewis, A Galla Monarchy: Jimma Abba Jifar, Ethiopia (Madison, Wisconsin, 1965), p. 39.
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Sokoru (also transliterated Sekoru) is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named after the former awraja of the same name, and covering much of the same territory as the current woreda, as well as its administrative center, Sokoru. Part of the Jimma Zone, Sokoru is bordered on the south by Omo Nada, on the west by Tiro Afeta, and on the north and east by the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region; the Gibe River defines the northern boundary. Other towns in this woreda include Deneba, Kumbi and Natri.
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The arrival of Oromo between the upper Gibe and the Blue Nile probably pushed the people of Gafat in to south Gojam in between 1574 and 1606. Encyclopaedia Aethiopica states Gafat who on the left side of Blue Nile escaped Oromo by crossing Blue Nile and settling there. James Bruce, in his travels, described their cattle from Oromo raids in the Bêrr Valley of Gojam and numerous beautiful cattle of the Gafat who were settled in the plains of Aĉäfär up to foothills of the Säkäla mountains. It's not abundantly clear how and when the Gafat were converted to Christianity.
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South of Gojjam, across the Abay River, and southwest of Shewa, lay the fertile Gibe region and the gold deposits beyond. Both polities craved control of these resources in order to assert dominance over the rest of Ethiopia. Of the two, the Gojjame had the earlier start and better position: as early as 1810, a large volume of luxury trade passed North through Gojjam (and its major market at Boso) to the coast of the Red Sea, far more than passed east through Shewa to the coast. Negus Bofo of Limmu-Ennarea maintained good relations with the contemporary governor of Gojjam.
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After an audience with the Benero or king of Ennerea, who received them surprisingly coolly (due to the influence of an Ethiopian Orthodox monk who was opposed to the Father's journey) and sent them to Malindi by way of Bale. António Fernandes then became the first European to see the Gibe River, crossing the river as he left Ennarea, and later described it as carrying "more Water than the Nile".Baltazar Téllez, The Travels of the Jesuits in Ethiopia, 1710 (LaVergue: Kessinger, 2010), p. 194 They then travelled through the Kingdom of Janjero, then across the Omo to Kambaata where they were detained for two days at Sangara.
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Saqqa became a town of importance when king Abba Bagido made it his capital of Limmu-Ennarea in 1825, eclipsing his father's capital, Sappa.Mohammed Hassen, The Oromo of Ethiopia: a History 1570-1860 (Trenton: Red Sea Press, 1994), p. 103 It thrived as the major marketplace of the Gibe region, where the different kinds of Muslim traders (known as Jabarti and Afkala) bought gold, coffee, and ivory. In the mid-to-late 1830s, Abba Bagibo forbade foreign merchants to travel beyond Saqqa, so merchants from Gondar, Adwa, Derita and Dawe were forced to meet in his capital their counterparts from Kaffa, Kullo, and other southern regions.
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Lake Turkana is now threatened by the construction of Gilgel Gibe III Dam in Ethiopia due to the damming of the Omo river which supplies most of the lake's water. Although the lake commonly has been —and to some degree still is— used for drinking water, its salinity (slightly brackish) and very high levels of fluoride (much higher than in fluoridated water) generally make it unsuitable, and it has also been a source of diseases spread by contaminated water. Increasingly, communities on the lake's shores rely on underground springs for drinking water. The same characteristics that make it unsuitable for drinking limits its use in irrigation.
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Aliyu Amba owed its importance to its location on the caravan route that stretched west from Saqqa in the Gibe region to Harar in the east and Tadjoura on the Red Sea. It was the most important market of central Ethiopia in the early and middle 19th century, and its merchants were almost entirely Muslim."Local History in Ethiopia" The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 7 February 2008) The rulers of Shewa and of Harar co-operated in keeping this west-east route open. As a result the two potentates were in regular contact, and the head of the Harari community in Aliyu Amba was appointed by the Emir of Harar.
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G.W.B. Huntingford explains that slaves were taken in raids on the Macha tribe to the north, and in raids on the Sidamo kingdoms of Kaffa and Janjero; he also cites evidence to show that 7,000 people a year were sold each year, some to people inside Ethiopia, and some outside that country.Huntingford, The Galla of Ethiopia, p. 31 The Gibe region, with the rest of southwestern Ethiopia, was almost entirely annexed between 1886 and 1900 in a series of conquests by the generals of Emperor Menelik II. The kingdom of Jimma, through skillful diplomacy, managed to delay this fate until the death of its king Abba Jifar II in 1932.
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It was predicted that there is about 50-75% leakage of waters from the reservoir due to multiple fractures in the basalts at the planned reservoir site. Due to the loss of the waters in reservoir, the dam would not be able to produce as much electricity and less hydro power would be available to export to other nearby countries. Also, the dam and reservoir are vulnerable to seismic activity such as earthquakes and massive landslides in the Gibe III project region. The earthquakes can cause even larger fractures to the dam and are susceptible to more water leakage as well as decreasing the economic inputs.
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According to materials published by the Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency, the Omo- Bottego River is 760 kilometers long."Climate, 2008 National Statistics (Abstract)", Table A.1. Central Statistical Agency website (accessed 26 December 2009) In its course the Omo-Bottego has a total fall of about 700 m from the confluence of the Gibe and Wabe rivers at 1060 m to 360 m at lake- level, and is consequently a rapid stream in its upper reaches, being broken by the Kokobi and other falls, and navigable only for a short distance above where it empties into Lake Turkana, one of the lakes of the Gregory Rift.
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During his visit to Kaffa in 1897, Alexander Bulatovich had the opportunity to study the culture of the inhabitants, describing them in his book With the Armies of Menelik II, emperor of Ethiopia, identifying a number of practices in common with the more familiar Amhara people."With the Armies of Menelik II, emperor of Ethiopia" , translated by Richard Seltzer The inhabitants suffered greatly from slave- raiding during the de facto rule of Lij Iyasu, and the region almost became uninhabited. During the reorganization of the provinces in 1942, the former kingdom was enlarged by the addition of a number of other kingdoms from the Gibe region to become Kaffa Province.
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William Watson, The Purple East, A Series Of Sonnets On England's Desertion of Armenia, London, 1896, pp. 7-8. Sir Owen Seaman (1861–1936) gave added currency to the supposed connection with Lord Salisbury in his poem, "To Mr Alfred Austin", In Cap and Bells, London & New York, 1900, 9: > At length a callous Tory chief arose, > Master of caustic jest and cynic gibe, > Looked round the Carlton Club and lightly chose > Its leading scribe. Austin served as Deputy-Lieutenant for Herefordshire. Austin died of unknown causes at Swinford Old Manor,Photo at Hothfield, near Ashford, Kent, England, where he had been ill for some time.
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Map of the regions and zones of Ethiopia East Welega (Also spelled East Wollega; ; ) is one of the zones in the central Oromia Region of Ethiopia. This administrative division acquired its name from the former province of Welega. Towns and cities in this zone include Nekemte. East Welega is bounded on the southwest by Illubabor, on the west by the Didessa River which separates it from West Welega, on the northwest and north by the Benishangul- Gumuz Region, on the northeast by Horo Guduru Welega Zone, on the east by West Shewa, and on the southeast by the Gibe River which separates it from Jimma.
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This time trial had Jimmy McLane as first overall with a time of 2:11.0, Bill Smith and Wally Wolf in 2:11.2, and Wally Ris in 2:12.4. This quartet was used for the Olympic final and won the gold medal. The next four-Eugene Rogers in 2:14.2, Edwin Gilbert in 2:15.4, Robert Gibe in 2:15.6, and William Dudley in 2:15.9, were used in the Olympic prelims.Page 128 1948 US Olympic Book The next three swimmers-Joe Verdeur who came in 2:16.3, Alan Ford in 2:16.4 and George Hoogerhyde in 2:17.4 were not used in any capacity in the 4x200 freestyle relay.
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But the third beat was one for the records books. Conner threw 55 tacks at the Dickson and his boat plus two false tacks in an effort to break free. The New Zealanders covered them all in one of the most exhausting and tense beats to windward in America's Cup history. The fourth race saw a complete turn in fortune, as now KZ 7 experienced a number of uncommon structural failures which snowballed due to the actions of the skipper and crew, the end result being Kiwi Magic blowing her backstay in an abrupt gibe, losing to Stars & Stripes by 3 minutes 38 seconds.
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Cheliya is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Mirab Shewa Zone, Cheliya is bordered on the south by Nono and Dano, on the southwest by the Gibe River which separates it from the Jimma Zone, on the west by Bako Tibe, on the northwest by the Guder River which separates it from the Horo Gudru Welega Zone, on the north by Ginde Beret, on the northeast by Jeldu, on the east by Ambo, and on the southeast by Tikur. The administrative center of this woreda is Gedo; other towns in Cheliya include Babiche, Ejaji, and Hamus Gebeya. Midakegn woreda was separated form Cheliya.
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Limmu Sakka is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named in part after the former kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea, whose territories included the area this woreda now covers. Part of the Jimma Zone, Limmu Sakka is bordered on the southwest by the Didessa River which separates it from the Illubabor Zone, on the northwest by the Misraq Welega Zone, on the northeast by the Gibe River which separates it from the Mirab Shewa Zone, and on the southeast by Limmu Kosa. The administrative center of the woreda is Atnago; other towns include Saqqa, the capital of the former kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea.
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Wolayta is one of the 16 Zonal Administrations of the Southern Region In Ethiopia, Located 300 kilometers south of Addis Ababa. Wolayta is limited north west by Tambaro, eastward by Bilate river which divides it from Arsi-Oromo, Southward by Lake Abaya and Kucha, westward by Omo River. Gilgel Gibe III Dam is a hydroelectric power plant built on Omo river; and with the capacity of 1870 Megawatt, it is the third largest hydroelectric plant in Africa. left The vegetation and very comfortable climate of the large part of the region are conditioned by an overall elevation of between 1,500 and 1,800 meters above the sea level.
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This version was written by Walter Grogan and published in The Pall Mall Magazine in 1907. > Lord, I am poor, I have no gift Meet for Thy shrine; My life is spent in > joke and jest, So empty, vain, e'en at its best, This life of mine. But, > Lord, beneath my mirthful face I hide a tear, And when the crowd laugh at > the fair They seem to gibe at my despair And mock my fear. Lord, I am poor > save in this wise: A child have I, And as I joke the best I may, He, > uncomplaining fades away And soon must die.
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Guduru (also transliterated Gudru) is one of woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named after one of the sections of the Macha Oromo, also known as the Torban Guduru ("the seven houses of Guduru"), which coalesced into a kingdom around 1855 under Gama Moras, which lay between the Abay River and the Gibe region.Mohammed Hassen, The Oromo of Ethiopia: A history 1570-1860 (Trenton: Red Sea Press, 1994), pp. 94-96. It was also the location of the Battle of Embabo, fought 6 June 1882; the Shewan forces of Menelik defeated the Gojjame army, capturing Negus Tekle Haymanot and establishing a Shewan hegemony over the territories south of the Abay.
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Mosque in Jimma. What is now Jimma's northern suburb of Jiren was the capital of a large Kaffa province until the overthrow of the feudal system. Originally named Hirmata, the city owed its importance in the 19th century to being located on the caravan route between Shewa and the Kingdom of Kaffa, as well as being only six miles from the palace of the king of Jimma. According to Donald Levine, in the early 19th century the market attracted thousands of people from neighboring regions: "Amhara from Gojjam and Shoa, Oromo from all the Gibe Kingdoms and numerous representatives of the Lacustrine and Omotic groups, including Timbaro, Qabena, Kefa, Janjero, Welamo, Konta and several others".
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At this point the people of Ennerea came to their help, but even with this help Abba Jubir had no more success and was forced to negotiate an armistice with the Macha for the safe release of his brother. Abba Jubir then went to war against Jimma, and sacked its capital, despite Gomma and Limmu-Enerea coming to the aid of Jimma.This war is the subject of a number of traditional songs Enrico Cerulli collected in his "The folk-literature of the Galla of Southern Abyssinia", Harvard African Studies, 3 (1922), pp. 24-45. Despite the failure of the Muslim League, Gumma remained a stronghold of Islam, and provided asylum to men exiled from the other Gibe kingdoms.
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"Unlike its neighbour, Speckle Frew, which has always been a wild spot, Efreet was once an island of great sophistication. The city of Koy, considered to have been the most cultured city in the Abarat, was built on the lower steppes of the island. Opinions vary as to how long it stood and why it fell, but what remains of the city – rows of pillars, archways, and frescoes – testifies to a site of elegance and learning." Efreet is also home to five infamous monsters: the armoured, orange Waztrill; the Thrak, a purple beast with a small head and huge compound eyes; the serpentine Vexile; the shaggy, blue, lice-infested Sanguinius; and the bipedal Fever Gibe.
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Thomas Brown (1662 – 18 June 1704), also known as Tom Brown, was an English translator and writer of satire, largely forgotten today save for a four-line gibe he wrote concerning Dr John Fell. Brown was born at either Shifnal or Newport in Shropshire; he is identified with the Thomas Brown, son of William and Dorothy Brown, who was recorded christened on 1 January 1663 at Newport. His father, a farmer and tanner, died when Thomas was eight years old. He took advantage of the free schooling offered in the county during his day by attending Adams' Grammar School at Newport, afterward continuing his education at Christ Church, Oxford and there meeting the college's dean, Dr Fell.
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Emdibir Eparchy was established in late November 2003, becoming the third eparchy within Ethiopia of the Ethiopian Catholic Church. Its setting up followed long years of Catholic presence and service in the area. Located southwest of Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, the eparchy covers the Guraghe Zone of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Regional State (SNNPRS) and part of South–Western Shoa Zone of Oromiya Regional State. It is bordered to the northwest by the Western Shoa Zone of Oromiya Regional State, to the south by the Hadiya and the Kembata Timbaro Zones of SNNPRS, to the east by Silte Zone of SNNPRS, and to the west by the Gibe River.
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Charlotte was described as "a noble and virtuous lady, born to make anyone happy". In his memoirs her husband, who rarely spoke of his first wife Lady Elizabeth Seymour, wrote of his second wife that "there was scarce her equal in goodness and sweetness and generous to the last degree"; although he could resist the gibe that she was "the reverse of her mother". Charlotte's stepchildren, Charles and Elizabeth, became deeply attached to her and she had one daughter of her own:Cokayne Complete Peerage Lady Marie Thérèse Charlotte Bruce, born in 1704. Ailesbury settled in Brussels so happily that when in time the English government made it clear that he could return home, he no longer had any wish to do so.
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Robert Christgau, the poll's supervisor, regarded it as "an honest if less than sustaining internationalist gesture" and said "Byrne concealed the ricketiness of his current compositional practice by riding in on soukous's jetstream, but the trick didn't stick", attributing the band's diminished success to a weariness with the music business. In Christgau's Record Guide: The '80s (1990), he wrote, "where Paul Simon appropriated African musicians, David Byrne just hires them, for better and worse - this is T. Heads funk heavy on the horns, which aren't fussy or obtrusive because Byrne knew where to get fresh ones. What's African about it from an American perspective is that the words don't matter - it signifies sonically." However, he called, "(Nothing But) Flowers" a "gibe at ecology fetishism that's very reassuring".
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113 According to Trimingham, the kingdom enjoyed its greatest prosperity under king Abba Magal, who had been converted to Islam, although a number of his subjects still professed Christianity. It unclear which Gibe king was responsible for this conversion: Trimingham attributes this achievement to Abba Jubir of Gumma; Mohammed Hassen gives the initial credit to Abba Bagibo of Limmu-Ennarea, who offered to support Abba Magal in his fight for the throne if he allowed Muslim missionaries into his kingdom, and only later did Abba Jubir convert him.Hassen, The Oromo, pp. 160f On King Abba Magal's death, his wife Genne Fa acted as regent for their son, both of whom became prisoners in Jimma when Gera was conquered by Dejazmach Besha Abua in 1887.
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The decreased water flow will also negatively impact, if not eliminate, all economic activities associated with the Omo River such as farming, fishing, and tourism. The water level of the Omo River is crucial for recharging groundwater supplies in the Omo basin. If the water level of the river drops once the Gibe III dam is built, then it will no longer be able to refill underground water supplies, leaving much of the basin bereft of groundwater, which negatively impacts people and ecosystems. As the water level of the Omo River drops, the erosion of its riverbanks will increase, causing increased sediment flows in the river, loss of soil for crop cultivation along the riverbanks, and loss of riparian habitats.
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An Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) has been carried out by Centro Elettrotecnico Sperimentale Italiano (CESI) and Agriconsulting of Italy, in association with MDI Consulting Engineers from Ethiopia. According to Anthony Mitchell, an engineer who submitted an independent feasibility study of the dam to the African Development Bank, CESI's owners include vendors who can benefit from the project and this conflict of interest is not disclosed in the impact statement.Anthony Mitchell:Gilgel Gibe III dam Ethiopia: technical, engineering and economic feasibility study report, April 15, 2009, accessed on March 24, 2010 As part of the assessment, according to the Project Company, public consultations were carried out with "officials and institutions, people affected by the project and non-governmental organizations". According to critics, these consultations have been minimal.
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By the 17th century, Ethiopia lost all contact with this state, and the history of this state is "largely a blank" for most of this century, although under the increasing pressure of the other Oromo migrating into the Gibe region forced "the Bosa kingdom must have continued its gradual contraction until little more than a relatively small area isolated in the highland forests of May Gudo was left at the end of the century."Lange, p. 55. Garo survived as an independent state until the reign of Abba Gomol of Jimma, who conquered the last isolated part of this realm. At the time Emperor Haile Selassie annexed Jimma, a descendant of Dagoye, the last King of Garo, was living in a state of "semi-banishment" in Jiren.
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Limmu Kosa is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named in part after the former kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea, whose territories included the area this woreda now covers. Part of the Jimma Zone, Limmu Kosa is bordered on the south by Kersa, on the southwest by Mana, on the west by Gomma, on the northwest by the Didessa River which separates it from the Illubabor Zone, on the north by Limmu Sakka, on the northeast by the Gibe River which separates it from the Mirab Shewa Zone and the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, on the east by Sokoru, and on the southeast by Tiro Afeta. The administrative center of this woreda is Genet; other towns include Ambuye and Babu.
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That Pillar, says Gogarty, "marks the end of a civilization, the culmination of the great period of eighteenth century Dublin". Yeats's 1927 poem "The Three Monuments" has Parnell, Nelson and O'Connell on their respective monuments, mocking Ireland's post-independence leaders for their rigid morality and lack of courage, the obverse of the qualities of the "three old rascals". A later writer, Brendan Behan, in his Confessions of an Irish Rebel (1965) wrote from a Fenian perspective that Ireland owed Nelson nothing and that Dublin's poor regarded the Pillar as "a gibe at their own helplessness in their own country". In his poem "Dublin" (1939), written as the remaining vestiges of British overlordship were being removed from Ireland, Louis MacNeice envisages "Nelson on his pillar/ Watching his world collapse".
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Despite the obvious advantages of the match to Williamson himself, John Evelyn reported that it was very unpopular, and it probably weakened Williamson politically. Since Katherine as well as her first husband was an old friend of Williamson she was not a surprising choice as a bride; but the fact that O'Brien had been dead for only three months when she remarried gave rise to ill-natured gossip that Williamson and Katherine had been lovers during her first marriage: "'Tis said they live together less happily than before they married" ran one gibe. More seriously in an age of marked class distinctions, it was considered improper that the sister of a Royal Duke should marry a country clergyman's son, and even her children are said to have objected to the marriage.Secombe p.
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New York Times 25 July 1948 Page S3 Ultimately, coach Robert Kiphuth did hold a time trial shortly after the actual trialsNew York Times 28 July 1948 Page 29 with eleven of the swimmers. This time trial had Jimmy McLane as first overall with a time of 2:11.0, Bill Smith and Wally Wolf in 2:11.2, and Wally Ris in 2:12.4. This quartet was used for the Olympic final. The next four-Eugene Rogers in 2:14.2, Edwin Gilbert in 2:15.4, Robert Gibe in 2:15.6, and William Dudley in 2:15.9, were used in the Olympic prelims.Page 128 1948 US Olympic Book The next three swimmers-Joe Verdeur who came in 2:16.3, Alan Ford in 2;16.4 and George Hoogerhyde in 2:17.4 were not used in the 4x200 freestyle relay.
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Ultimately, coach Robert Kiphuth did hold a time trial shortly after the actual trialsNew York Times 28 July 1948 Page 29 with eleven of the swimmers. This time trial had Jimmy McLane as first overall with a time of 2:11.0, Bill Smith, and Wally Wolf in 2:11.2, and Wally Ris in 2:12.4. This quartet was used for the Olympic final and won the gold medal. The next four-Eugene Rogers in 2:14.2, Edwin Gilbert in 2:15.4, Robert Gibe in 2:15.6, and William Dudley in 2:15.9, were used in the Olympic prelims.Page 128 1948 US Olympic Book The next three swimmers-Joe Verdeur who came in 2:16.3, Alan Ford in 2;16.4 and George Hoogerhyde in 2:17.4 were not used in any capacity in the 4x200 freestyle relay.
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The kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea was a continuation of the older kingdom of Ennarea, which successfully resisted for many decades the Oromo, who had overrun other kingdoms tributary to the Ethiopian Emperor including Bizamo and Konch. Despite this, as Mohammed Hassen observes, Ennarea eventually drifted into an extended period of civil war and by "the middle of the second half of the seventeenth century, Ennarya not only lacked a single leadership, but also her feuding leaders probably fought more with each other than with their common enemy."Mohammed Hassen, The Oromo of Ethiopia: A history 1570-1860 (Trenton: Red Sea Press, 1994), p. 78 In 1704, when Emperor Iyasu the Great campaigned south of the Abay River, and reached Gonga, the stronghold of Ennarea on the Gibe River, he was met by two rival leaders of the crumbling kingdom.
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G. Clarence-Smith The Economics of the Indian Ocean Slave Trade in the Nineteenth Century. Psychology Press (1989) pp. 106 Google Books In Gibe states one-third of the general population was composed of slaves while slaves were between half and two-thirds of the general population in Kingdoms of Jimma, Kaffa, Walamo, Gera, Janjero and Kucha. Even Kaffa reduced the number of slaves by mid 19th century fearing its large bonded population.International African Institute Ethnographic Survey of Africa, Volume 5, Issue 2. (1969) pp. 31 Google BooksW. G. Clarence-Smith The Economics of the Indian Ocean Slave Trade in the Nineteenth Century. Psychology Press (1989) pp. 106 Google Books Slave labour in the agriculture sector in southwest Ethiopia means that slaves constituted higher proportion of the general population when compared to the northern Ethiopia where agrarian producers are mainly free Gabbars.
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The area was separated however, when the Oromo migrated into the area, destroying Hadiya, isolating Janjero, and reduced the area of Enerea and Kaffa. In the Gibe region, the Oromo came under the cultural influence of the kingdom of Kaffa, from whom they borrowed the concept of hereditary kingship (called Moti in all of the kingdoms except Limmu-Enerea, where for historical reasons the king was known as the Supera), and the practice of delimiting the boundaries or frontier of their states with a system of physical barriers.Described in detail in G.W.B. Huntingford, The Galla of Ethiopia; the Kingdoms of Kafa and Janjero (London: International African Institute, 1955), pp. 55ff These barriers consisted of palisades or dead hedges, which could extend for miles, separated from the barriers of the neighboring kingdom by a neutral strip (called moga), which was left uncultivated and inhabited only by brigands and outlaws.
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The 250-page report is based on substantial field-based research involving the participation of local residents throughout much of the cross-border region. The Gibe III dam is already under construction by Ethiopia along its Omo River, with general recognition that it will cause a major decrease in river flow downstream and a serious reduction of inflow to Kenya's Lake Turkana, which receives 90 per cent of its waters from the river. According to the ARWG report, these changes will destroy the survival means of at least 200,000 pastoralists, flood-dependent agriculturalists and fishers along the Omo River 300,000 pastoralists and fishers around the shores of Lake Turkana - plunging the region's ethnic groups into cross-border violent conflict reaching well into South Sudan, as starvation confronts all of them. The report offers a devastating look a deeply flawed development process fueled by the special interests of global finance and African governments.
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The financing of the power plant was controversial within the Italian government. It was granted despite objections raised by the Directorate General for Development Cooperation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Economy and Finance. They argued against the loan because the contract was awarded without competitive bidding in breach of Italian law, because its unusually large size meant that less funding was available for other development projects, no costs for environmental impact assessment of monitoring were included, the project was not commercially viable due to low electricity tariffs in Ethiopia and because it was inappropriate to burden such a poor country with more debt at a time when it had just received debt relief from Italy. There were also parliamentary questions concerning the project which were left unanswered by the Undersecretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Luigi Mantica. In March 2006 the Prosecutors’ Office in Rome instigated criminal proceedings concerning the Gilgel Gibe II hydroelectric project.
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The Gurage people () (Ge’ez: ጉራጌ) are Habesha peoples speaking the Gurage languages inhabiting Ethiopia.G. W. E. Huntingford, "William A. Shack: The Gurage: a people of the ensete culture" The Gurage people traditionally inhabit a fertile, semi-mountainous region in southwest Ethiopia, about 125 kilometers southwest of Addis Ababa, bordering the Awash River in the north, the Gibe River, a tributary of the Omo River, to the southwest, and Lake Zway in the east. In addition, according to the 2007 Ethiopian national census the Gurage can also be found in large numbers in Addis Ababa, Oromia Region, Dire Dawa, Harari Region, Somali Region, Amhara Region, Gambela Region, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, and Tigray RegionTable 3.1 on 2007 Ethiopian Regional States Census Data It is believed the name Gurage is acquired from a place called Gura, Eritrea. This belief is based on the assumption that the southern Afroasiatic language speakers of the Gurage people originally came from the Northern Ethiopia.
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The initial social and ideological distance between Yeats and some of the revolutionary figures is portrayed in the poem when, in the first stanza, the poem's narrator admits to having exchanged only "polite meaningless words" (6) with the revolutionaries prior to the uprising, and had even indulged in "a mocking tale or gibe" (10) about their political ambitions. However, this attitude changes with the refrain at the end of the stanza, when Yeats moves from a feeling of separation between the narrator and the revolutionaries, to a mood of distinct unity, by including all subjects of the poem in the last line with reference to the utter change that happened when the revolutionary leaders were executed: "All changed, changed utterly: A terrible beauty is born." (15–16) These last lines of the stanza have rhythmic similarities to the popular ballads of the era as well as syntactic echoes of William Blake.Vendler, pg 20 In the second stanza, the narrator proceeds to describe in greater detail the key figures involved in the Easter uprising, alluding to them without actually listing names.
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Hailemariam Desalegn has sustained economic progress in Ethiopia after the sudden death of his predecessor in 2012. He played role to complete the implementation of the Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP I) and to start with GTP II. Between 2012 and 2018, major projects like Hawassa and Mekelle industrial park, Addis Ababa Light Rail, Gilgel Gibe III Dam, the new Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway, as well as Bahir Dar Stadium and other stadiums in Mekelle and Hawassa are completed. Hailemariam is accredited for the country’s continued rapid and double-digit economic growth, and Hailemariam led Ethiopia to partner Kenya in the ambitious USD24.5bn Lamu Port Southern Sudan-Ethiopia Transport (LAPSSET) Corridor – which includes a railway, highways, and an oil pipeline – which will provide his landlocked country and South Sudan with a new export pathway and reduce Kenya’s dependence on the heavily congested port of Mombasa. Moreover, Hailemariam has partnered Ethiopia with Djibouti to sign an agreement for a $1.55 billion fuel pipeline with developers Mining, Oil & Gas Services and Blackstone Group LP-backed Black Rhino Group.
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As is obvious from such numbers, the country could replace most of its primary energy use through the use of electricity. More than that, the country could become a major exporter of electricity. It is an expressed wish of the Ethiopian government to become a world class exporter of large amounts of clean, cheap renewable energies in the future. However, going from 1% in 2010 to 4% in 2016 to 100% or even 900% in the (far) future is a long way to go. In 2014, the country had an annual electricity production of 9,5 TWh. With this, Ethiopia was at position 101 and with an installed electricity generation capacity of 2.4 GW at the position 104 worldwide according to the CIA. In July 2017, the so-called nameplatepower capacity, the overall installed power capacity, was up to 4,267.5 MW. 97.4% of that were from renewable primary energies like water and wind, with electricity from hydropower plants dominating with 89.7% and wind power with 7.6%. The completion of Gilgel Gibe III in 2015/16 added another 1870 MW capacity to the country's power production, more than doubling the country's production capacity from the year before.
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In 1664, at the Cambridge Assizes, while puisne judge, he had bound over Mr. Roger Pepys, known to readers of the Diary of Samuel Pepys as "Cousin Roger", to his good behaviour for speaking slightly of Chief Justice Hyde at a town sessions. In 1667 numerous complaints and impeachment recommendations were made against him in parliament by the opposition, the "gentlemen of the county" for divers "high proceedings" in the execution of his office, such as fining of juries for bringing in verdicts contrary to the evidence, and for referring to Magna Carta as "Magna Farta" (this seems to have been a common gibe, even among judges, at the time); for which he was obliged to answer before the House of Commons. That body voted his proceedings to be illegal and tending to the introduction of arbitrary government, and at first seemed inclined to proceed with great severity, ordering that he should be brought to trial: but in the end, by the mediation of his friends, the matter was allowed to drop. Again in 1670 he was obliged to apologise publicly in the House of Lords for rudely affronting Lord Holles on a trial in the court of King's Bench.
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