641 Sentences With "feudal lord" | Random Sentence Generator

Ms. Lee and her brother, Jay, said that his father was essentially a feudal lord.

Who they vote for is determined by a smile, by a disapproving look from the feudal lord.

When he was born, his father, a feudal lord, offered 48 demons different parts of his son's body in exchange for power.

After eating, soaking, and wandering aimlessly, I reached Ritsurin Garden, an expansive space established by a feudal lord in the 17th century.

It's the same generational gene that turns every exurb dad into a feudal lord demanding a server's fealty when he steps into an Applebee's.

My Feudal Lord: A Devastating Indictment of Women's Role in Muslim Society was a bestseller around the world and was translated into 39 languages.

Slower and more contemplative, Harakiri opens on Tsugumo Hanshiro, a ronin (masterless samurai), as he arrives at the palace of the feudal lord in 1630 Japan.

He was a veteran military campaigner and feudal lord who took part in the reunification of Japan, which had been ravaged by a century of war.

During a visit last month, Tehmina Durrani's "My Feudal Lord," Pervez Musharraf's "In the Line of Fire" and Michael Wolff's "Fire and Fury" were on view.

"The Jar" is a wild political comedy about a tyrannical feudal lord, Don Lollo, who orders a gigantic human-size clay pot to hold his estate's great olive harvest.

Dominating the television comedy scene in the 1970s and 1980s, one of his best-known acts was a clueless feudal lord with a face painted white with thick black eyebrows.

When a feudal lord threw a ten-year-old boy into a thresher in 2013, severing both his arms, the outcry on social media led to his arrest, although not his conviction.

In the 1850s, as foreign ships converge on Japan, a feudal lord contrives a race to strengthen the minds and bodies of his men for a potential invasion, and his daughter joins in.

But to hear Maria tell it, she lived like a serf, bowing to the whims of her feudal lord and lady even before this act of industrial espionage landed her on an F.B.I. witness list.

In the basic bargain of feudal life, a peasant kept one part of his harvest for himself, put one part back into the ground for the next year's harvest, and gave the last part to his feudal lord.

After the feudal lord Asano (Yoshizaburo Arashi) is wrongly sentenced by the shogun to commit hara-kiri, Asano's chamberlain, Oishi (Chojuro Kawarasaki), organizes the lord's newly leaderless samurai to take revenge, knowing that it will lead to their own death.

As the Japan Times reported, the manuscript was found in an oblong chest in a storeroom at the house of Motofuyu Okochi, a 72-year-old descendant of the former feudal lord of the Mikawa-Yoshida feudal Domain (today's Toyohashi in Aichi Prefecture).

Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads A long-lost chapter of the Japanese classic work of literature The Tale of Genji — known as the world's first published novel — was recently found at the Tokyo home of a family with ancestral ties to the feudal lord.

He was later chosen by Yukimura to be one of the braves. ; : A feudal lord of Aizu. He tried to be Yukimura's ally to fight the Tokugawa clan. ; : A feudal lord of Saweyama.

Scottish knight and feudal lord Sir James Douglas was killed in Teba.

Ali Gul Pir was born to a feudal lord family of Dadu District.

Should the feudal lord or other noble withdraw his support from the king, either in rebellion or to form an alliance with a rival kingdom, that feudal lord or noble was now ascribing to the political order of ungoverned warlordism.

My Feudal Lord has been translated into 40 languages and has received many awards.

Feudal lords promote to general when they reach diagonal lines marked on the board. The promotion is possible only if that player's general has been captured. If the player has a feudal lord on a promotion square and his or her general is no longer on the board, the player can (if he or she wishes to) promote the feudal lord to general instead of making a move. A feudal lord which passes the promotion square cannot promote anymore.

Another important feudal lord was Bock von Nordholz, who was resident at Nordholz Castle in Nordholz on the Osterwald.

The son of a murdered feudal lord meets a renegade ninja helping peasants and farmers rebel against Oda Nobunaga.

John of MonmouthJohn de Monmouth, John de Munemuth, John de Monumue. (died 1257) was a feudal lord in the Welsh Marches.

Narail town was named after a feudal lord (a zamindar). The zamindars established a market at Roopgonj, also named after a zamindar. They established a post office for the first time in the district during British Raj near Rotongonj, named after another member of the feudal lord family. They modernised Narail, and promoted culture, sports and education.

In 1600, Ukita Hideie, who was the son of Naoie and the lord of Okayama, lost at the Battle of Sekigahara. The next year, Kobayakawa Hideaki came to Okayama and became the feudal lord of Okayama Domain. Hideaki died in 1602, however, ending the Kobayakawa line. Ikeda Tadatugu, who was the feudal lord of Himeji Domain, became the next lord of Okayama.

Ove Bjelke (26 October 1611 - 29 March 1674) was a Norwegian nobleman, feudal lord and statesman. He served as Chancellor of Norway (1660–1674).

Ottobuono di Razzi (died 3 January 1315) was an Italian clergyman and feudal lord, who was Patriarch of Aquileia from 1302 until his death.

96 in Somerset. His monument in Merton College Chapel displays the arms of Bodley impaling Carew (Or, three lions passant in pale sable),See image an ancient Devonshire family seated at Mohuns Ottery, descended from Nicholas Carew (d. 1311), feudal lord of Carew Castle in Pembrokeshire, feudal lord of Odrone (mod. Idrone, County Carlow) in Ireland and lord of the manor of Moulsford in Berkshire.

Khan Muhammad Arif Khan Rajbana Sial ( Urdu/Punjabi: خان عارف خان) was a veteran politician, feudal lord and tribal chieftain hailing from Badh Rajbana, Shorkot, Pakistan.

Gherardo III da Camino ( 1240 – 1306) was an Italian feudal lord and military leader. He is generally considered the most outstanding member in the da Camino family.

The most famous is the final piece, Procession of the Sardar, a title for a feudal lord, military commander, leader or dignitary historically used in the region.

Sir Patrick Hepburn of Dunsyre, 1st Lord Hailes (died 1483) was the feudal lord of Hailes and its castle in East Lothian and a Lord of Parliament.

Nè (feudal lord) :Equivalent to a chess pawn; it can move one step forward but cannot retreat. It captures one diagonal step forward as in Western chess.

A Pakistani feudal lord (zamindar), ChaudhryThe name Chaudhary also means a feudal lord. Hashmat rules his fiefdom, Sikandarpur with an iron grip. Along with his son Chaudhry Yaqub and two grandsons Chaudhry Anwar Ali and Chaudhry Niaz Ali (sons of his deceased son, Chaudhry Ghulam Ali), he struggles to hold on to his land, (Sikanderpur) which is the proposed site for a dam. The two grandsons are constantly at loggerheads.

The word shares the same provenance as the Italian Signore, Portuguese Senhor and Spanish Señor, which in addition to meaning "Mister" were used to signify a feudal lord.

The followers of Pratap Singh began to own him as their feudal lord as soon as the Alwar fort was taken. He died on September 26, 1791 A.D.

Bartholomew II Ghisi (; died 1341) was a Latin feudal lord in medieval Greece, lord of Tinos and Mykonos, Triarch of Negroponte and Grand Constable of the Principality of Achaea.

Shah Mehmood Qureshi also hails as a Feudal Lord from Multan who is also followed as a religious saint. Thus, large landowners have dominated Pakistan's politics since the country's inception.

Seal of Trond Benkestok from 1534. National Archives in Oslo Trond Torleivsson Benkestok (c. 1495 – 14 February 1558) was a Norwegian land owner, knight and feudal lord (lensherre) of Bergenhus Fortress.

Tallage never became significantly developed in the German states. It remained a small tax owed to a feudal lord in lieu of other feudal duties, dying out along with other feudal duties.

Asano Yoshinaga was a Japanese samurai and feudal lord of the late Sengoku and early Edo periods. His father served as one of the Go-Bugyō in the late Azuchi–Momoyama period.

When rumors start to emerge that the feudal lord Takeda Shingen was pronounced dead, the country's biggest enemy Oda Nobunaga became ambitious. He started talking about unifying all of Japan under his leadership.

A kingdom called Rathanpur was taken ruthlessly by a feudal lord named Bhairav Singh. The princess of that empire was in a hopeless situation until a maverick cop named Sardaar Gabbar Singh came along.

Wakisaka Yasuharu ' (1554 - September 26, 1626), sometimes referred to as Wakizaka Yasuharu', was a daimyō (feudal lord) of Awaji Island who fought under a number of warlords over the course of Japan's Sengoku period.

Jashar Pasha Gjinolli (b. Prishtina, ca. 1790 - d. Shehzadebashi, Istanbul, 1840) was an Albanian feudal lord, Mutasarrıf (1826–1840) and pashalik of Skopje and Prishtina and the son-in-law of Maliq Pasha Gjinolli.

When the Ming warriors clash with a feudal lord, a proud general, and monks divided between faith and survival, the reason behind the persecution of the Ming group tests the bond between Kotaro and Nanashi.

Chief Sir William Grierson, 9th Feudal Lord of Lag (d 1629) was allied to the powerful Clan Maxwell and joined forces with them against the Clan Johnstone at the Battle of Dryfe Sands in 1593.

Yang Teng (杨腾) is a general of the Qiang people, and a feudal lord of Cao Wei. He moved to Western Shu (西蜀), then changed his surname from Yang (杨), to Qian (千).

Back in the days, he developed feelings for Sarwat, a girl in his neighborhood who had similar feelings for him. Their love seemed like an unbreakable bond but fate has something else in store. In an unfortunate circumstance, the son of the feudal lord kidnapped Sarwat, looted her of her honor and killed a person who tried to stop him. In a bid to protect his own son, the feudal lord pressurizes Khan to claim responsibility of the murder and promises for his bail.

The proceeds totaled US$5.26 million. The painting was won by a 25-year-old fire-safety official from Pennsylvania. IAST president Maha El-Khalil Chalabi is the daughter of feudal lord and politician Kazem el-Khalil.

Sir William Grierson, 9th Feudal Lord of Lag was knighted by James VI in 1608. His son was Chief Sir Robert Grierson (b. 1598) who was succeeded by his cousin, another Robert Grierson. This Robert Grierson (b.

Turner, pp. 98–99. Rather than negotiating some form of compensation, John treated Hugh "with contempt"; this resulted in a Lusignan uprising that was promptly crushed by John, who also intervened to suppress Raoul in Normandy. Although John was the Count of Poitou and therefore the rightful feudal lord over the Lusignans, they could legitimately appeal John's actions in France to his own feudal lord, Philip. Hugh did exactly this in 1201 and Philip summoned John to attend court in Paris in 1202, citing the Le Goulet treaty to strengthen his case.

Malik Meraj Khalid was born in Dera Chahal, a small village near Burki District. Lahore, to a poor and farming family. During his early life, he saw his family struggle with hardship to survive in the feudalism spectrum where his family grew crops for a local feudal lord who paid less than the minimum wage set by the British Indian Empire government. However, Meraj Khalid did not abandon his school, and despite the hardship, Khalid completed his high-school and later went on to work for a feudal lord who agreed to finance his education.

It is said that a feudal lord by the name of Mahanaman was so enchanted by the young Amrapali's looks that he abandoned his kingdom and moved to Ambara village, a small hamlet in Vaishali presently in Muzaffarpur.

It was founded on March 15, 931, during the reign of Emperor Suzaku, by a feudal lord named Toyoda- ko."Kanamura Wake Ikazuchi Shrine website". Retrieved 2014-04-13. It enshrines the thunder deity Kanamura-wake-ikazuchi-no-kami.

Six years later, Doi became one of the first to be appointed to the newly created post of Tairō (Great Elder), and was made daimyō (feudal lord) of Koga Domain in Shimōsa Province, with a revenue of 160,000 koku.

Karavalapadu is an old feudal lord who lost his property because of the land reform brought by the government. Joy used to meet Seetha, sister of Adv. Balagopalan to relieve his mind. Daniel also has corrupted officers as mentors.

In the same year, a German state of Baden banned slavery. On the other hand, there were also major regressions, such as "Nihil novi" in Poland in 1505 which forbade peasants from leaving their land without permission from their feudal lord.

Stanisław Tarnowski by Jan Matejko. Jan Dzierżysław Tarnowski. The son of Jan z Melsztyna, Spytek z Melsztyna, was the next owner of Melsztyn. He was voivode of Krakow, Feudal Lord of Podolia, and hero of the 1399 battle of Worskla.

Duke Yi of Wey, given name Chi, was a Zhou dynasty feudal lord and the 18th ruler of Wey. He was best known for his absurd life-style which led to a temporary fall of his state and his permanent death.

Ashikaga Yoshikane was a Japanese samurai military commander, feudal lord in the late Heian and early Kamakura period of Japan's history.Nussbaum, Louis- Frédéric. (2005). "Ashikaga Yoshikane" in ; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.

Stage-drama fans tend to know Abid Khan as a comedian, yet most of his TV appearances, specially on Pakistan Television, were in drama, with him playing serious characters. He played roles varying from a professional killer to a feudal lord.

Players assumed the role of a feudal lord. The setting comprised ten provinces of five towns each. Players started with one province and needed to control all ten to win. Finances and combat were the two primary elements of gameplay.

Johanna von Hachberg-Sausenberg Johanna von Hachberg-Sausenberg (1485 – 23 September 1543), was a noble feudal lord. She was countess regnant of Neuchâtel in 1503–1512 and 1529–1543. She was the daughter of Philip of Hochberg and Maria of Savoy.

In 1404, Robert de Châtillon, cousin of King Charles VI, was Bry's feudal lord. His castle no longer stands, and its exact location is uncertain. Bry's current château was built in the 1690s. It became the town hall in 1866.

Mera Saaein focuses on the life of a feudal lord, Malik Wajahat Ali whose incessant pursuit of a male heir has ruined the life of many women. While he possesses much influence over the lives of others, he finds himself still desperate for a son. Mera Saaein is the story of a traditional feudal lord and politician with insatiable desires of women, power and wealth. It is also a story of a non-resident Pakistani girl, Shazmeen who lived and studied in the UK and married Wajahat with a desire to try to change him for the better.

Rather than negotiating some form of compensation, John treated Hugh "with contempt"; this resulted in a Lusignan uprising that was promptly crushed by John, who also intervened to suppress Raoul in Normandy. Although John was the Count of Poitou and therefore the rightful feudal lord over the Lusignans, they could legitimately appeal John's actions in France to his own feudal lord, Philip. Hugh did exactly this in 1201 and Philip summoned John to attend court in Paris in 1202, citing the Le Goulet treaty to strengthen his case. John was unwilling to weaken his authority in western France in this way.

The Orthodox Church of Ghelar was first made of wood, but it was pulled down in the 19th century. A newly built church made of stone that can be seen today was built by a feudal lord, Gheorghe Berevoii, from Govãjdia (a neighboring village) in 1770, built to thank God for having healed his wife. The church is orthodox, although the feudal lord was a Calvinist, and has an outstandingly beautiful painting, which includes scenes from Passion Week and portraying the soldiers that insulted Christ, wearing the clothes of the people who had oppressed the Romanians from Transylvania.

After the Regensteins died out in 1599 the fief was returned to its feudal lord, the Duke of Brunswick. Excavations were carried out on the site from 1891 to 1894 and, in 1990, the site was refurbished and opened to the public.

John of Katavas (Greek: Ιωάννης Καταβάς) was a feudal lord and regent in the Principality of Achaea. He was one of the feudatories of Geoffrey of Briel, the Baron of Karytaina. He fought against the Byzantines in the battle of Prinitza in 1263.

Members include Willum Mecklenburg, Feudal Lord of Eiker, as well as several regional bailiffs, militaries, and privileged merchants. The family is closely related to families of the Danish and the Norwegian nobility, and among cognatic descendants of the family are the Counts of Wedel-Jarlsberg.

The story of Koroǧlu (lit. son of the blind) begins with his father's loss of sight.Hasan Javadi, "KOROĞLU i. LITERARY TRADITION" in Encyclopedia Iranica The feudal lord Hasan Khan blinds his stable manager Ali Kişi for a trivial offense by plucking out his eyes. .

Giraud II of Montreuil-Berlay (died c. 1155) was a twelfth-century feudal lord of Montreuil-Bellay, near Saumur in France. He was dispossessed of the Château de Montreuil-Bellay by Geoffrey Plantagenet. He was made seneschal of Poitou by Louis VII of France.

He was born into the Im Thurn noble family. Although he was born in Schaffhausen, Switzerland, he was an Austrian feudal lord. His family lived in Thayngen, part of the Reiat. In 1723 he went to the High Court for a purchase at Schaffhausen.

The name Baizai originated from that of a tribal chieftain of the Bangashes, Behzad Khan-son of Amirzai chief Daulat Khan-a tribal chieftain and feudal lord, whose wife is believed to have been a daughter of Ahmad Shah Abdali, the Amir of the Pashtuns.

Nawab Malik Amir Mohammad Khan Awan (1910 – 26 November 1967) also known as the Nawab of Kalabagh () was a prominent feudal lord, politician, the chief or sardar of the Awan tribe, and of his tribal estate Kalabagh, in Mianwali District of north western Punjab, Pakistan.

Just as John stood to benefit strategically from marrying Isabella, so the marriage threatened the interests of the Lusignans, whose own lands currently provided the key route for royal goods and troops across Aquitaine.Turner, pp.98–9. Rather than negotiating some form of compensation, John treated Hugh "with contempt"; this resulted in a Lusignan uprising that was promptly crushed by John, who also intervened to suppress Raoul in Normandy. Although John was the Count of Poitou and therefore the rightful feudal lord over the Lusignans, they could legitimately appeal to John's own feudal lord, Philip, in respect to decisions John took within his French lands.

In addition, Yorinori's father, Yoritaka, was deprived of feudal tenure, made to forfeit his residence in Edo, and was placed in custody of the Uzen Shinjo han, thereafter tainting the Shishido han. In 1868, the new government of ordered the restoration of the Shishido han, and Yorinori's father, Yoritaka (who had since retired), was restored as the feudal lord (10th feudal lord) of the Shishido han, and the following year being named han Chiji (domainal governor) by Imperial order. In July 1880, Yorinori's younger brother, was handed down the birthright from his father, and Yoriyasu was awarded the title of viscount on July 8, 1884.

Pons d'Ortaffa/Ortafas or Ponç d'Ortafà (c. 1170-1246) was a Catalan nobleman and troubadour. He was the feudal lord of Ortafà, between Perpignan and Elne, in Roussillon. Only two pieces of his lyric poetry survive, both cansos on courtly love, one with a surviving melody.

Hans-Adam I was allowed to purchase the minuscule Herrschaft ("Lordship") of Schellenberg and county of Vaduz (in 1699 and 1712 respectively) from the Hohenems. Tiny Schellenberg and Vaduz had exactly the political status required: no feudal lord other than their comital sovereign and the suzerain Emperor.

It had two floors, but the second floor was used as a storeroom to avoid looking down at the feudal lord. Tera-machi was placed on the outer rim of the Jokamachi and formed an array of large temples. It contributed to reinforcing the city's defense.

The Danish knight Mogens Henriksen Gyldenstierne († 1569) was from 1527 feudal lord of Akershus. In 1532, he was succeeded at Akershus Fortress by his relative Erik Olufsen Gyldenstierne († 1536). The Danish minister Axel Gyldenstierne (ca. 1542–1603) was Governor-general of Norway during the period 1588–1601.

Sō Yoshiyori mon of the Sō clan, derived from one belonging to the Taira clan was a Sō clan daimyō (feudal lord) of the island domain of Tsushima at the end of Japan's Edo period. Yoshinori was the head of the Sō clan from 1842 through 1862.

Albert II (Albrecht II) Duke of Mecklenburg (c. 1318 - 18 February 1379) was a feudal lord in Northern Germany on the shores of the Baltic Sea. He reigned as the head of the House of Mecklenburg. His princely seat was located in Schwerin beginning in the 1350s.

Cassone della Torre (or Casso, Cassono, Castone, Gastone), also called Mosca (died 20 August 1318) was an Italian medieval condottiero and feudal lord. A member of the Torriani family, he was Archbishop of Milan from 1308 to 1316 and patriarch of Aquileia from 1317 to 1318.

The official name is Seigan-ji, but it is popularly known as Fukuishi Kannon. The temple was founded in the early 8th century. The present main hall was built in 1785 by Matsuura Seizan, the feudal lord of Hirado Domain who donated land to kannon temple there.

The rest of the places where the village is mentioned mostly belong to the monastery of Gradefes. In one of these documents, the whole village, along with other possessions, is given as a dowry to Teresa Peláyz, by Gonzalo Alonso, a feudal lord from the zone.

He entered the fort of Alwar in November 1775. The followers of Pratap Singh began to own him as their feudal lord as soon as the Alwar fort was taken. Some of estates were escheated to the new State. Lands were also snatched from the possessions of Jats.

After this time, Okayama was ruled by the Ikedas until the latter part of the 19th century. Continuing its economic development, Okayama became one of the ten best large castle towns in Japan in the 18th century. The Korakuen Garden was developed by the fourth feudal lord, Ikeda Tsunamasa.

John of Monmouth (c. 1182 - 1248) was an Anglo-Norman feudal lord of Breton ancestry, who was lord of Monmouth between 1190 and 1248. He was a favourite of both King John and his son, Henry III, and one of the most powerful royal allies in the Welsh Marches.

Jiao, Lord of Wey (卫君角), also known as Wei Jiao (卫角), was a Qin dynasty feudal lord. He was the 44th and the last ruler of the state of Wey. After his death, He did not receive a posthumous name; Jiao was his given name.

Ukita Hideie (Japanese: 宇喜多秀家) was the daimyō of Bizen and Mimasaka Provinces (modern Okayama Prefecture). He was a military commander and feudal lord during Azuchi-Momoyama period. Also referred to as Hachirō (八郎). He was banished to Hachijō Island after the Battle of Sekigahara.

She appears in Honō no Tora. ; Amazona : An esper and captain of the space pirate ship "Tiger of the Flames." She got engaged to Eric G. Russell as a mercenary, and later assassinated the late feudal lord of the planet Maia. However, all her subordinates were annihilated by Noor.

Bandi Yadagiri (born Venke Pally, Telangana) is an Indian revolutionary poet. He penned the famous song Bandi Enka Bandi Katti about a feudal lord, which was re-written for the movie Maa Bhoomi. Yadagiri was an ordinary member of the Left Party from Nalgonda during the Telangana armed struggle.

Buckland appears in Domesday Book (of 1086) as Bochelant. It was owned by John of Tonbridge. Buckland had a church, watermill and thirty-five heads of household. Of these, seventeen farmed the land owned by the feudal lord, and ten were more lowly servants (serfs) of the estate.

Sahib Muhammad Ja'faar ud-Din Mirza Mridha (born 1876 in Bengal, died 1921 in Natore) was a feudal lord in Bengal, British Empire who served as the second Zamindar of Natore from the House of Singra and Natore and the "Mridha" (Defense Minister) under the Maharajas of Rajshahi.

The Cholmondeley family descends from William le Belward (or de Belward), the feudal lord of the barony of Malpas in Cheshire who acquired the lordship of "Calmundelai" (as it was spelt in the Domesday Book) through his wife Beatrix, daughter of Hugh de Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester. Their eldest son David le Belward inherited the feudal barony of Malpas and was the ancestor of the Egerton family. The second son, Robert le Belward, became feudal lord of the barony of Cholmondeley, which he passed to his son Sir Hugh de Cholmondeley (or "Chelmundeleih"), who adopted the new surname. His lineal descendant was Sir Hugh Cholmondeley (1513–1596), knighted by King Henry VIII.

After the war was Huitfeldt sent to Norway, where he was the feudal lord of Brunla Manor in Larvik from 1570 to 1574. In April 1572 he was also charged to serve as feudal lord for Akershus and Tromsø. On 10 May 1572 he was directed to serve as Governor-general of Norway and serve as a judge at the lagtings in Oslo, Bergen and Trondheim. He was to hear and resolve complaints on the various provinces and to lead and carefully control the local officials, ensure that the king's revenue was collected in a timely fashion, to investigate whether the crown goods were properly administered and supervise the administration of the Church.

These included e. g. holding his stirrup, joining him on festive occasions and service as a cupbearer at the banquet table. Both pledged mutual loyalty: the lord to "shelter and protect", the vassal to "help and advise". Furthermore, feudal lord and vassal were bound to mutually respect one another, e.g.

Seen as a great threat to Christian Europe, the bridge was attacked several times, being destroyed in 1664, when it was set on fire on the orders of the Croatian feudal lord Nicholas VII of Zrin (, ). After being rebuilt, the bridge was finally burnt down by the Austrian army in 1686.

Roger de Beaumont (c. 1015 - 29 November 1094), feudal lord (French: seigneur) of Beaumont-le-Roger and of Pont-Audemer in Normandy, was a powerful Norman nobleman and close advisor to William the Conqueror. Bearded Norman nobleman depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry (c.1066), possibly representing Roger de Beaumont (died 1094).

The Inhaber possessed wide powers. First, he could appoint company officers, or at least held the right of refusal. Second, he had considerable legal authority over his regiment, much like that of a feudal lord. A Colonel-Inhaber/Colonel Proprietor was originally a noble (or wealthy aristocrat) who raised the regiment.

Tomb of Sir James, St Bride's Kirk, Douglas Sir James Douglas (also known as Good Sir James and the Black Douglas) (c. 1286 – 25 August 1330A. A. M. Duncan, " Douglas, Sir James (d. 1330) ", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.) was a Scottish knight and feudal lord.

1324), eldest son and heir of Nicholas Carew (died 1311), feudal lord of Carew Castle in Pembrokeshire and lord of the manor of Moulsford in Berkshire. Elinor had a son and heir Nicholas Carew (d.1323) who married Elinor Talbot, daughter of Richard Lord Talbot, but died without progeny.Pole, p.

At the heart of most gusuku was the . The Main Hall was typically the residence of a feudal lord (Aji). The palace at Shuri Castle is the most prominent Main Hall, being the only one remaining, but the site of the Main Hall is very obvious at other gusuku, such as Katsuren Castle.

M. K. Barański: Dynastia Piastów w Polsce, p. 201. From then Bolesław was the sole lord of the Polish lands,M. Spórna, P. Wierzbicki: Słownik władców Polski i pretendentów do tronu polskiego, p. 63. though in fact his over-lordship began in 1107 when Zbigniew paid him homage as his feudal lord.

Nagano, located to the northeast of Tokyo, was the second center of origination. Freeze-dried tofu was first made during the mid-1500s. It was made by the famous feudal lord and warrior, Takeda Shingen, who developed a new drying process. The purpose was to make nutritious, but lightweight food for the soldiers.

He is the Feudal Lord of Sheelin east part. Later, he governs all of Sheelin town after the Salbert family, who formerly governed Sheelin west part, were stripped of from their noble status after Misana a kidnapping incident and many other crimes. ; :Atora is the guildmaster of the Adventurer's Guild at Mireera City.

Nils Lykke (ca. 1492 – 24 December 1535) was a Danish-Norwegian nobleman, feudal lord (lensherre) and member of the Riksråd in Norway. He was the son of Danish Riksråd member and landowner Joachim Lykke and Maren Bille. In 1528 he married Eline Nilsdatter (died 1532), daughter of Nils Henriksson and Inger Ottesdotter Rømer.

Kochuraman (V. K. Sreeraman) is the village toddy collector, belonging to the Ezhava caste, with a well-built body and a strong personality. Kochuraman leads a simple and happy life with his wife and son Kochuvava. Manorama "Thampuratti" is the daughter of a feudal lord of the ruling Brahmin family in the village.

Marquis of St. Charles (also spelled as Marquess of Saint-Charles) is a title granted in 1754 by Charles Emmanuel III of Savoy, king of Sardinia, to Sardinian feudal Lord James Borro (in Spanish: Jayme Borro, in Italian: Giacomo Borro). It has passed afterwards to the house Palici and eventually to Cugias.

Navaratnas (Sanskrit dvigu nava-ratna, , or ‘nine gems’) or Nauratan was a term applied to a group of nine extraordinary people in an emperor’s court in India. The well-known Navaratnas include the ones in the courts of the legendary emperor Vikramaditya, the Mughal emperor Akbar, and the feudal lord Raja Krishnachandra.

Azerbaijan, the end of 16th century. Walls of a majestic palace rise to skies in the middle of picturesque nature, at the foot of a mountain. These are the possessions of Hassan khan the feudal lord. His subjects are destitute and live in poverty and hardship in dilapidated huts scattered among the palaces.

Shankar Das (Mammootty) is a rich businessman who returns to his native village in Alappuzha. No one in the village is aware of his past. During his childhood he was a servant of the local feudal lord Chatothu Panickar. He left the job after getting severely punished for kissing the lord's young daughter.

The first section (pp. 1–123) was written by presbyter Bratko (thence the name of the manuscript) during the reign of the Serbian king Stefan Vladislav (1234) for a feudal lord by the name of Obrad. The number of russisms and Russian orthography suggests it was made on Russian proposition.Blic panorama, 2007.11.

John Sobieslaw of Moravia (1352 - c. 30 October 1380) was a Czech feudal lord, junior margrave of Moravia. John was the third son of John Henry, Margrave of Moravia and Margaret of Opava. In historiography, he was mistaken for his illegitimate half-brother patriarch of Aquileia John of Moravia, for a long time.

Armies (much like the states of the period) were more decentralized. There was little systematic organisation of supplies and equipment. Leaders were often incompetent; their positions of authority often based on birth, not ability. Most soldiers were much more loyal to their feudal lord than their state, and insubordination within armies was common.

175-178Otkhmezuri, 1994, p.121-123 From the content of the inscriptions it can be found out that Tskhinvali and its surroundings was the domain of the Tbelis. Inscriptions of the Dodoti Tskhrakari Church says that it was built by the local feudal lord, Ivane Tbeli and his son Kavtar Tbeli.Shoshiashvili, 1980, p.

Asano Nagayuki (June 27, 1864 – April 23, 1947) was the 28th family head of the Asano clan, which ruled over Hiroshima Domain before 1871. He was cousin of the last feudal lord (daimyō) of Hiroshima Domain Asano Nagakoto, and succeeded him as head of the Asano family upon his death in 1937.

The cellar was used for storage, the ground floor was used as an office for the feudal lord, the second floor was the Lord's living quarters and the top floor had a purely defensive function. The living quarters were well equipped with a latrine, a chapel, a bed alcove and a fireplace.

Yorinori succeeded Yoritaka, who retired in 1846. Yorinori acted as an assistant to , the elder brother of Tokugawa Yoshinobu. Yoritaka, who retired as the lord, helped his son be appointed as a sub-assistant. Tokugawa Yoshiatsu was the tenth feudal lord of the Mito Domain, which was the Shishido han's head family.

From 1420, the Bolanded/Falkenstein lineage died out and the counts of Virneburg took over the castle until 1456 when it went into the possession of the counts of Dhaun- Oberstein. In 1458, the Duke of Lorraine took over and became the high feudal lord. The Falkenburg survived the German Peasants' War of 1524–1525.

Migapulle Arachchi ( or ) also known as Chinna Migapillai, was a feudal lord from the Jaffna Kingdom who became a rebel leader just after its annexation by the Portuguese Empire in 1619.Sabaratnam, Sri Lankan Tamil Struggle, Chapter 5 His title Arachchi, is a title given to the commanders of Lascarins or native military forces.

Duke Wu of Wey (9th century BCE-?), also known as Ji He, was a Zhou dynasty feudal lord. He was the 11th ruler of Wey and the first Duke of Wey. The late Zhou dynasty historical record Guoyu claims that Duke Wu lived as long as 95 years. However, no other sources support this claim.

The chiefs of the clan lived at Otter, on Loch Fyne. Their castle, 'MacEwen Castle' was located on the rocky shore of the loch, near Kilfinan. Ruins of the castle are still present in the area. In March 1432, Swene MacEwen resigned his title to the Barony of Otter to his feudal lord, King James.

A new situation was created with the appointment of George of Saxony as imperial stadtholder of Friesland by Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. This appointment was the last attempt to unify all of Frisia under one ruler. Count Edzard recognised George as his feudal lord. Rebellions broke out, however, in Friesland and the Groninger Ommelanden.

Prince Khalil during his tenure of office founded the village called Khalilpur. The Sultan also installed Bhupatsingh, the son of the last Chudasama king, Mandalika III, in Junagadh as a jagirdar (feudal lord). The jagir allotted to Bhupatsingh was the Sil Bagasra Chovisi; and his descendants were known as Raizada. They continued to rule there.

For instance, in Bible translations, Satan is a maō. In polytheism, the counterpart of maō is 神王 (shin'ō), "the king of gods". The Japanese feudal lord Oda Nobunaga also called himself a maō in a letter to Takeda Shingen, signing it with 第六天魔王 ("the demon king of the sixth sky").

Alexander David Mungo Murray was born on 17 October 1956. He is the eldest son of William Murray, 8th Earl of Mansfield and Mansfield, and his wife Pamela Joan Foster. He succeeded as the 9th Earl of Mansfield, 8th Earl of Mansfield in 2015. He was also the feudal Lord of Balvaird until 2017.

Channarayana Durga was strategic fortress during medieval times and many battles were fought for its possession. The fort was originally built by Channapa Gouda in the 17th-century, a feudal lord from Madhugiri. Later the fort fell into the hands of the Marathas. But in subsequent year’s control of the fort changed several times between Marathas and Mysore Wodeyars.

William de Vesci (c.1125–1184) was an Anglo-Norman feudal lord and Sheriff. Born William fitz Eustace at Knaresborough Castle, Yorkshire, the son of Eustace Fitz John and Beatrix de Vesci, he took his mother's surname. He was appointed Sheriff of Northumberland from 1155 to 1170 and then Sheriff of Lancashire from 1166 to 1170.

The Kanakachalapathi temple is an example of Dravidian architecture of the Vijayanagara era. It is a protected monument under the Karnataka state division of the Archaeological Survey of India. The temple was built by the ruling vassal polyagar (Nayaka or feudal lord). The temple complex is a large one with spacious halls (mantapa) and massive Yali pillars.

Her secular name was Jelena. She was a daughter of Kesar Vojihna of Drama, and the wife of Jovan Uglješa Mrnjavčević, another medieval Serbian feudal lord. She is a tragic and majestic figure in Serbian history of the Mrnjavčević family. She was raised at the court of her father, who was one of the chief officers of the crown.

Mōri Terumoto (Japanese: 毛利輝元) was a Japanese daimyō during the Azuchi-Momoyama period and the Edo period. He was a descendant of the feudal lord of the Choshu domain. He became one of the Five Elders at the age of 46. Terumoto fought against Hideyoshi before the latter's rise to power, but lacked enough supporters.

Geoffrey's feudal lord in the Cotentin was Richard de Redvers (or Reviers). Richard's manor was at Néhou, which is three miles south of Magneville. Richard de Redvers was a staunch supporter of the future Henry I of England and helped him with others to regain the Cotentin area of Normandy.Geoffrey and Roger were both confederates of Richard.

In June 1991, Mohsin and Sethi's publishing company, Vanguard Books, released Tehmina Durrani's My Feudal Lord. The book relates her marriage with the politician and Punjab landlord, Mustafa Khar. In the book, Durrani alleges that Khar mistreated and abused her. Durrani signed a contract with Mohsin giving Mohsin foreign rights and fifty percent of foreign royalties.

It was once ruled by a feudal lord, Maha Raja Sri Somashekar Ananda bhoopal Reddy, called Somanadri hails from Poodoor village. Gadwal has developed around a fort built by the Gadwal ruler Somanadri. This Gadwal Samsthanam was protected by Mallichetti vamshiyulu. The Nagi Reddy we fondly know Nagappa was an Ayngarashakulu of Gadwal samsthanam (Raja somanadri was a minor).

The next owner was Malte Juul, the owner of Jessinggaard and Maltesholm. He has previously served both as hofunker and Valet de chambre (kammerjunker) but had also been feudal lord of Christianopel (Oslo) in Norway. He became a member of rigsrådet in 1647 but died the following year. His widow Anne Juul née Ramel took over Birkholm.

The economic repercussions of the Byzantine ban increased animosity. His favouritism for his relatives was disliked. Norwich sees Pietro having become too powerful as the cause. His acquisition, though his wife's dowry, of personal estates on the mainland under the vassalage of the emperor made him look like a mainland feudal lord, which was alien to the Venetians.

Ranuccio Farnese il Vecchio Ranuccio Farnese (c. 1390 - 2 July 1450) was an Italian nobleman, feudal lord and condottiero. Born in Ischia, he is considered the founder of the fortunes of the Farnese family. In 1416 Ranuccio succeeded his father as commander-in-chief of the Republic of Siena's troops, and defeated the Orsini of Pitigliano.

Palazzo del Quirinale, Rome. Legation from Tōhoku. Luis Sotelo, speaking with Hasekura Tsunenaga Date Masamune (1567–1636), feudal lord of Date clan, expanded trade in the Tōhoku region. Although initially faced with attacks by hostile clans, he managed to overcome them after a few defeats and eventually ruled one of the largest fiefdoms of the later Tokugawa shogunate.

Princess Yoshiko（28 October 1804 - 27 January 1893）was the younger sister of His Imperial Highness Prince Tsunahito of Arisugawa-no-miya. Yoshiko married to Tokugawa Nariaki, the 9th feudal lord of Mito Domain. She was the mother to the 10th lord Yoshiatsu as well as the 15th and the last Chief of the Tokugawa shogunate, Tokugawa Yoshinobu.

His military experience started when he served in his half brother's army. His uncle, Dejazmach Kenfu died in 1839 and Qwara was lost to the family and claimed by Empress Menen of Gondar. Kassa Hailu resorted to become a shifta, one who refuses to recognize his feudal lord. Kassa Hailu organized his own army in the plains of Qwara.

In 1192, Emperor Henry VI, one of Frederick Barbarossa's sons. Margrave Herman V of Baden-Baden became Ettlingen's feudal lord in 1219. In the following centuries, Ettlingen developed into an important administrative centre within the Margraviate of Baden-Baden. Ettlingen gave its name to a line of defensive earthworks known as the Ettlingen Line built to deter French aggression.

The Battle of Sasireti () took place in 1042 at the village of Sasireti in the present day Shida Kartli region, not far from the town of Kaspi, during the civil war in the Kingdom of Georgia. It resulted in a decisive defeat of the army of King Bagrat IV by the rebel feudal lord Liparit IV, Duke of Kldekari.

Jakab Cseszneky and his descendants have been called after the castle: Cseszneky. His wife was the daughter of Mark I, member of the clan Csák. His sons, Miklós, Lőrinc, Szomor and Mihály were important supporters of the Kings Ladislaus IV of Hungary and Charles I of Hungary and fought bravely against Máté Csák III, the powerful Hungarian feudal lord.

In June 1991, My Feudal Lord was released by Vanguard Books, a company owned by the journalists Najam Sethi and Jugnu Mohsin. Durrani denied she signed a contract vesting complete foreign rights with Mohsin rather than with herself and her estate. The dispute was settled in 1992. On 19 May 1999, Durrani accused Sethi of stealing her book profits.

Chha Maana Atha Guntha is the first Indian novel to deal with the exploitations of landless peasants by the feudal Lord. It was written much before the October revolution of Russia or much before the emerging of Marxist ideas in India. Fakir Mohan is also the writer of the first autobiography in Odia, "Atma Jeebana Charita" .

Despite its political influence, feudalism has become so unpopular in public expression and the media that "feudal lords" are denounced even by some from "feudal" families (such as Shehbaz Sharif). In media portrayals, the very popular 1975 Pakistan Television (PTV) series Waris centered around a feudal lord (Chaudhry Hashmat) who rules his fiefdom, "with an iron grip".

He also ran the office of the Chief Justice and stayed the Governor of Sindh and connected areas of Punjab in the Kalhora era. Makhdoom was also a feudal lord and tribe chieftain. He was the leading Islamic theologian and the Imam of the Grand Mosque at Thatta. He engaged himself in missionary duties and was famous among Sufis.

Thankerton is a small village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, United Kingdom. It is located between Biggar and Lanark, and situated between Quothquan Law and Tinto (two local hills). Thankerton's name derives from an early feudal lord called Thancard the Fleming, and means Thancard's enclosure. Ton is Old English for an enclosed settlement, and evolved into the modern English word town.

Critics reject this theory (which emerged as part of Zeune's broader "symbol of power" theory) as having a complete disregard for high medieval feudal order and its system of fealty. It would simply transfer Günther Bandmann's methodology to secular architecture.Bandmann, Günther: Mittelalterliche Architektur als Bedeutungsträger. Berlin, 1951 Many castles were feudal estates that were owned by a powerful feudal lord or prince-bishopric.

Bennebroek was probably formed in the 13th century and its development was closely linked to the peat harvesting industry. On May 28, 1653, Bennebroek split off from the Heemstede fiefdom and Adriaen Pauw (1622-1697), son of Adriaan Pauw, became its first feudal lord. Its population was dependent on animal husbandry and transportation. Later on bulb flower cultivation became an important business here.

Although he was the Qazi of Warangal district and Jagirdar of Kazipet village, he was averse to the life of a feudal Lord and refused to live in the Haveli. He preferred to live in a hut like any other poor man. His mother objected to it. She was of the opinion that he had to maintain the dignity of his social position.

The last feudal lord of Naigarhi was Thakur Gopal Sharan Singh. He was born in 1890 and went on to become a revered poet of Hindi poetry. The total worth of his estates were Rs. 90,000 per annum and an amount of Rs. 6,500 was paid to the Durbar. He was awarded the title of 'Kavi Ratna' or the 'Gem among Poets'.

The name of , which literally means "West Castle Town", is derived from the castle which was built in the area by a feudal lord during the Sengoku period. A comparable castle was built in the nearby Tōjō (which means "East Castle Town"). Neither castle is still standing, though you can view parts of the ruins (mostly foundation and other walls).

Finn Arnesson confronting Thorir Hund illustration by Gerhard Munthe Finnr Árnason (modern Norwegian Finn Arnesson; died c. 1065) was a Norwegian nobleman and advisor to both King Olaf Haraldsson (later named Saint Olaf) and King Harald III of Norway and later served King Sweyn II of Denmark. He was the feudal lord (lendmann) of Austrått.Finn Arnesson – utdypning, Store norske leksikon .

The feudal lord Shiba Yoshimasa (1350 - 1410) wrote the Chikubashō, a set of precepts for the young men of the Shiba clan. Chikubashō translates literally as "The Bamboo Stilt Anthology". Shiba Yoshimasa was a warrior leader during the Namboku and Muromachi Periods, and was known as an administrator, general, and poet. The Chikubashō consists of one volume and was completed in 1383.

On 28 November 1897, Prince Nashimoto married Nabeshima Itsuko (2 February 1879 – 18 August 1977), the second daughter of Marquis Nabeshima Naohiro, a former Japanese ambassador to Italy and the son of the last feudal lord (daimyō) of Saga Domain. Itsuko was the maternal aunt of the late Princess Chichibu. The couple had two daughters. # , (4 November 1899 – 30 April 1989).

There were no fixed rules on fasting, and it was left to the individual. Many monasteries became like fiefdoms, passed on through the family. Viewed as simply part of the founder's possessions, they could be divided up in inheritance as well. Benedict's rule had provided that the Abbot should be chosen by the monks, but the feudal lord assumed that right.

Loreto was a lawyer, politician, poet, and founding member of the Academia Brasileira de Letras. Gabriel Viana, a plantation owner, ruled the island in the manner of a feudal lord during the República Velha, or First Brazilian Republic (1889-1930). Viana alternately decided on the punishment and execution of residents of the island and served as a benefactor of the local community.

It became the caput for the Barony of Coldingham, with the prior as the feudal lord. The priory continued in its religious purposes until 1560,Coldingham - Parish and Priory, by Adam Thomson, Galashiels,1908. p.82 when it was partially destroyed during the Scottish Reformation. However, a portion of it continued its religious activities until 1650, when it was fortified against Oliver Cromwell.

A signboard in Karahi Town in central Hagi is the start of the highway. It passes through the post-towns of Akaragi, Sasanami, Yamaguchi, and Mitajiri. It was a major access way from Hagi to the main Saigoku Highway (Sanyodo Highway). The Feudal Lord of Hagi used it to travel to Edo each year to pay his respects to the Shogun.

The village was created at around 1711 by a Turkish feudal lord, who hired 17 workers to work on his land. Later, he gave them land and they settled there and began 17 families. During the ages, the land was covered in trees: oaks, elms, and other evergreens, which helped the villagers to make charcoal and were sold outside the village as well.

During this period, people settled in the basin constructing houses and cultivating fields. The settlement was named Ikeato Mura (After-Pond village). ;1628 (Kan’ei era, year 5): By order of Takamatsu Domain feudal lord Ikoma Takatoshi the fushin-bugyō Nichijima Hachibe’e begins renovations of the Mannō Pond dam. ;1631 (Kan’ei era, year 8): The Takamatsu domain completes renovations of the dam.

The ancient Romans likely introduced vines in the area as they did throughout the rest of the Iberian peninsula. However, the first documented evidence of wine production in the area dates from the 13th century. Legal documents indicate a dispute between some monks and a local feudal lord over the ownership of a vineyard. Vinos de Madrid acquired its DO status in 1990.

Brabecke is mentioned for the first time in 1203. Knight Godard von Meschede built a permanent house or small castle in Brabecke in 1328, which was under the feudal lord Count Wilhelm von Arnsberg of the county of Arnsberg. The building existed until 1740. The village used to belong to the municipality of Bödefeld Land in Amt Fredeburg until the end of 1974.

833 who holds the subsidiary title Earl of Arundel He was the son of John Fitzalan III and Isabella Mortimer, daughter of Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore and Maud de Braose. His paternal grandparents were John Fitzalan II and Maud le Botiller. Richard was feudal Lord of Clun and Oswestry in the Welsh Marches. In 1289 he was created Earl of Arundel.

About Kldekari Fortress Georgian Travel Guide. 2020 Kldekari Fortress was built after the Argveti feudal lord Liparit I Baghvashi in IX century moved to Trialeti in the 70s. For the next two centuries it was the center of Kldekari Saeristavo. Unable to cope with the growing political power of the Liparitids, the Georgian royal government seized Kldekari Fortress several times.

Malik Ata Muhammad Khan (Urdu, , 25 October 1940 – 6 February 2020), popularly known as Prince Malik Ata was a Pakistani feudal lord and politician. He was the chief of Kot Fateh Khan in Attock District of North Western Punjab, Pakistan. He was also a member of the Punjab Assembly between 1990 and 1993. Malik Ata was known for his equestrian hobbies.

The eye that saw the event through a gap in the doorframe takes on a snake-like appearance when she is scheming. One of the Maniwa Ninja note that it "shines with ambition." Her real name is . She is the only child of the feudal lord Takahito Hida, who led the previous rebellion and was murdered by Shichika's father, Mutsue Yasuri.

Costăchel et al., p. 112 replacing the common ownership with the ownership of a feudal lord. Other villages were taken over by force by military leaders without the involvement of the Hospodar.Costăchel et al., p. 113 In 15th century Moldavia, the organization of the villages from free obște (being led by a cneaz) continued to exist in parallel with the feudal order.

Dietrich or Theoderic of Oldenburg (c. 1398 - 14 February 1440) was a feudal lord in Northern Germany, holding the counties of Delmenhorst and Oldenburg. He was called "Fortunatus", as he was able to secure Delmenhorst for his branch of the Oldenburgs. Dietrich was the father of Christian I of Denmark, who would go on to start the current dynasty of the Danish throne.

He returned to Tosa the following year. In 1860, Okada followed Takechi and practiced martial arts in Chugoku and Kyushu regions. Takechi considered that house of Okada would have difficulties with covering travel expenses and so asked the feudal lord of Oka domain in Bungo province to accommodate his student. In Oka, Izo studied Jikishi-ryu (直指流) school of kendo.

Prozor Fortress ( or ) is a medieval fortress situated in the continental part of Split-Dalmatia County, in inland Dalmatia, just above the town of Vrlika in Croatia. From its origin as a small stronghold built by the ancient Illyrian tribe Dalmatae, it developed into a fortress in the 15th century, during the reign of Bosnian feudal lord Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić.

Portrait of Sō Yoshitoshi in 1615 In 1587, Toyotomi Hideyoshi confirmed the Sō clan's possession of Tsushima. Sō Yoshitoshi (宗義智, 1568 – 31 January 1615) was a Sō clan daimyō (feudal lord) of the island domain of Tsushima. In 1603, Tokugawa Ieyasu established a new shogunate; and Sō Yoshitoshi was officially granted Fuchū Domain (100,000 koku) in Tsushima Province.Papinot, Jacques. (2003).

In September 1343, the Mecklenburg army under Albert II succeeded in storming the town. Thanks to mediation by the towns of Stralsund and Greifswald, a ceasefire was agreed in October 1343. But the agreed arbitration never took place. Valdemar IV Atterdag, as the former feudal lord avoided making a decision, as he feared that the losing party would desert him.

In the 11th-12th Centuries, a castle was built on the shore of Lake Maggiore for the feudal lord appointed by the Bishop of Como. The castle had disappeared by the 14th Century. The Capitanei of Locarno owned land and were landlords in Gordola. Within the territory of Locarno, Gordola was the only Vicinanza, which could choose its own pastor.

Prospero Colonna had an important role in the Spanish victory at Cerignola (1503), which gave Spain the keys to Naples. After Alexander VI's death, he was also able to take back his territories in the Lazio. He commanded the light cavalry at the Battle of Garigliano. Prospero then added Itri, Sperlonga, Ceccano and Sonnino to his fiefs, becoming once again a great feudal lord in southern Italy.

Kōraku-en Okayama Castle and Kōraku-en are Okayama's most notable attractions. Okayama Castle (nicknamed Ujō (烏城), meaning "crow castle") was constructed in 1597 by Ukita Naoie, a Japanese feudal lord. It was destroyed by bombing in 1945 during World War II but reconstructed in 1966. Kōraku-en, known as one of the three best traditional gardens in Japan, lies south of the castle grounds.

The island's deity was said to guard a popular trade route to Korea. In exchange for safe passage, fishermen provided offerings that included swords, flat-iron ingots, elaborate mirrors and bronze dragon heads. The offerings were concealed underneath stones or scattered between boulders. In the 1600s a Christian feudal lord, Kuroda Nagamasa, collected the offerings and put them in a tower of his castle.

Sulaiman sent his son, Bayazid Khan Karrani and his infamous general, Kalapahad, to conquer Odisha, in 1567. Mukunda met the forces in the north but had to withdraw to stop a rebellion after signing a treaty with the Sultan's son. Mukunda was killed in a battle with the rebel forces led by Ramachandra Bhanja. Ramachandra Bhanja was a feudal lord under Mukunda, who had rebelled.

As feudal lord, the king had the right to collect scutage from the barons who held these honours.Bartlett England under the Norman and Angevin Kings p. 164 Scutage (literally shield money, from escutcheon) was a tax collected from vassals in lieu of military service. The payment of scutage rendered the crown more independent of the feudal levy and enabled it to pay for troops on its own.

Girola Mascaro, President of the Royal House of Salermo was granted power of the territory in 1781 but with the end of feudalism in 1806, he was the last feudal lord of Acerno. The Italian 10th Engineer Battalion, 3rd Infantry Division on 12 September 1943 in Acerno repairing a bridge destroyed by the Germans. The Bishopric of Acerno dates back to the 11 or 12th century.

They were not motivated by women's moral state. Also during this period, sexual activity was not regulated, with couples simply living together outside a formal ceremony, provided they had permission by their lord. Even without a feudal lord involved with her life, a woman still had supervision by their father, brothers or other male members of the family. Women had little control over their own lives.

The pledged territory remained the possession of the original owner and could be redeemed by termination of the pledge contract and refund of the borrowed money, usually with interest. Since the socially superior debtor feudal lord or prince was much more powerful, it also happened that, for lack of money, only part of the deposit was repaid or the debt was settled in installments.

George II Ghisi (; died c. 1344/5 or 1352) was a Latin feudal lord in medieval Greece, lord of Tinos and Mykonos and Triarch of Negroponte. He was the son of Bartholomew II Ghisi. In 1326/27, as part of his father's rapprochement with the Catalans of the Duchy of Athens, George married Simona of Aragon, the daughter of the Catalan vicar-general Alfonso Fadrique.

Lavanaprasada (alias Lavanyaprasada) was the son of Arnoraja and Salakhanadevi. According to a legend mentioned by Merutunga, Lavanaprasada was born when Arnoraja was a samanta (feudal lord) in Kumarapala's service. When Kumarapala heard about the news of the child's birth in his court, he declared that Arnoraja's son will have a brilliant future. As a feudatory of Bhima, Lavanaprasada held the ranks of Maha-mandaleshvara and Ranaka.

Takamatsu Castle was built in 1590 by Ikoma Chikamasa, the first feudal lord of Takamatsu Domain. The Ikoma clan ruled from the castle for 54 years before their fief was given to the Matsudaira clan. This castle is well known as one of the three Mizujiro, or "Water Castles" in Japan, along with Imabari Castle in Ehime Prefecture and Nakatsu Castle in Ōita Prefecture.

Kropotkin compares this relationship to feudalism, saying that even if the forms have changed, the essential relationship between the propertied and the landless is the same as the relationship between a feudal lord and their serfs. Kropotkin calls for the destruction of the state and the expropriation of all property into the commons, where the right to well-being can be achieved for all people.

The film is about a brave woman who is battling against untouchability in a village. Casteism is a curse for Veeralakshmi (Simran) and her ilk, who undergo unbearable torture on account of their being Dalits. However this time it is not from the upper castes but from a brutally inhuman police force. It is a village where the inspector of police is the feudal lord.

Shimazu Narioki (1791–1859), a feudal lord of the Edo period, invited glass craftsmen from Edo (now Tokyo) to produce Satsuma kiriko. The manufacturing methods were based on foreign books from Nagasaki. Narioki’s son Shimazu Nariakira introduced it into his Shuseikan Enterprise, the first western-style industrial enterprise in Japan, with factories that produced steel, textiles, and other products. The cut glass was very advanced craftwork.

Bellinzona would remain under the joint administration of Uri, Schwyz and Nidwalden until the creation of the Helvetic Republic after the Napoleonic invasion of Switzerland in 1798. Between 1433 and 1438 the Duke of Milan, Aloisio Sanseverino sat as a feudal lord over Lugano. Under the reign of his heirs in the following decades rebellions and riots broke out, which lasted until the French invasion of 1499.

European square coins of this era are known by their German name 'klippe'. Coins might also be issued with the specific purpose of financing a military campaign, or for the payment of tribute or war indemnity by a feudal lord to his sovereign. During recent centuries, specially prepared coins have been issued to proclaim the coronation of a new monarch. Such coins are known as 'largesse' coins.

In Mediæval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of front-line soldiers,Page 39, Vol. XXIII, Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th Edition. recruited or conscripted in one geographical area, by a leader who was often also the feudal lord in capite of the soldiers. Lesser barons of knightly rank could be expected to muster or hire a company or battalion from their manorial estate.

By 1577 most of the land was converted into four substantial sheep pastures. In 1469 John Spencer's uncle – also named John Spencer – had become feoffee (feudal lord) of Wormleighton in Warwickshire and a tenant at Althorp in Northamptonshire in 1486. The family's administration of their Northamptonshire and Warwickshire estates gained them admiration and a following throughout England, and their sheep-rearing business earned large profits.

Takeda Shingen's 24 generals , of Kai Province, was a pre- eminent daimyō in feudal Japan with exceptional military prestige in the late stage of the Sengoku period. Shingen was the feudal lord of present-day Kōfu. Shingen was admired by his followers and rivals. He had a legendary rivalry with Uesugi Kenshin and they fought a series of five battles during the Battles of Kawanakajima.

The garden was first established in the 1380s. In the 1430s Ashina Morihisa, the 10th feudal lord of the Ashina clan, believing it to be a sacred place, kept the garden as a villa.Aizuwakamatsu City: Aizu no shiteki fūkei (Aizu's Historical Scene), page 15. In 1670, Hoshina Masatsune, the second daimyō of the Aizu Domain, cultivated various herbs in the garden, notably Korean ginseng.

Hiromichi was born on February 19, 1815, in the province of Bizen (what is now the city of Okayama), Japan. He died on December 3, 1863, in Osaka, Japan. (Both dates are according to the lunar calendar used in premodern Japan.) Hiromichi's father, Fujiwara Eizaburō, was a retainer in service to the Okayama feudal lord (daimyō). Hiromichi's name at birth was Fujiwara Keizō 藤原鹿蔵.

Gonzalo Ruiz or Rodríguez (fl. 1122-1180 or 1146-1202) was the feudal lord of La Bureba (or Burueba) throughout much of the mid-twelfth century. He held important positions at the courts of successive Castilian monarchs and guarded the frontier with Navarre, to whose Jiménez rulers he was related. He was a cultured man, with connexions to at least one, possibly two, troubadours.

He was the eldest son and heir of Nicholas I Carew (died 1311), feudal lord of Carew Castle in Pembrokeshire and lord of the manor of Moulsford in Berkshire. He survived his first wife and remarried to Joan Talbot, daughter of Sir Gilbert Talbot, by whom he had issue. It is believed that the now empty arched recess in Luppit Church may originally have housed his effigy.

The battle of Zierikzee was a naval battle between a Flemish fleet and an allied Franco-Hollandic fleet which took place on 10 and 11 August 1304. The battle, fought near the town of Zierikzee, ended in a Franco-Holland victory. The battle is part of a larger conflict between the Count of Flanders and his French feudal lord, King Philip IV of France (1296–1305).

This, in turn, led to an assassination plot hatched by the three provinces in order to remove Ii from his position of power. The shoguns also weeding out Ii's spies from the plot. The film is based on a novel, which in turn was inspired by the historical Sakuradamon incident, in which the feudal lord Ii Naosuke was assassinated outside the Sakurada Gate of Edo Castle.

When Emperor Jahangir ordered the presence of Bayazid and his family alongside Khwaja Usman's at the imperial court, the former group were escorted by Mutaqid Khan. While historian Abdul Karim states that nothing more is heard of Bayazid after this, Syed Murtaza Ali asserts that he was allowed by the Emperor to continue to rule Pratapgarh as a feudal lord, before dying soon after.

After some arguments, the two kings negotiated a truce and retreated without fighting, leaving the underlying issues unresolved. Fulk V assumed power in Anjou in 1109 and began to rebuild Angevin authority.; He inherited the county of Maine, but refused to recognise Henry as his feudal lord and instead allied himself with Louis. Robert II of Flanders also briefly joined the alliance, before his death in 1111.

The Duchy of Castro operated as a functioning State within the Patrimony of Saint Peter. It possessed rich forests full of game, fertile vineyards and fields, and a great number of fortresses. In the consistory of 14 March 1537, the Pope also awarded his son the cities of Nepi and Ronciglione. Pier Luigi was tasked with repairing all the fortresses over which he was now feudal lord.

Unniyarcha, the clever vixen that she is, convinces her husband that Chandu broke into her room as she was awaiting the arrival of Kunjiraman. Chandu gets a sobriquet: 'Womanizer Chandu.' A dejected Chandu finds solace in Kunji, Aringodar’s daughter. Feudal lord Unnichandror (Ramu) arrives at the footsteps of Aringodar and invites him to represent his cause in an angam (duel unto death) against mooppu feud with his brother Unnikonar.

There was a large dinner with 125 guests held for Duncan before his departure to the 'Old Country'. His strategy was to stress the class system back home, where one depended on their feudal lord and had no real future. Children had to go to work at young age, whereas in Canterbury, they would receive an education. In New Zealand, men of the highest education would help the newcomers.

Japanese pottery and porcelain has a long tradition due to suitable clay being available in Owari Province. Before and during the Edo period there were two main kilns in the region: Seto and Tokoname. In Nagoya Castle a type of oniwa- yaki (literally "garden ware") called Ofukei ware was produced by the feudal lord's court. Almost every feudal lord had his own oniwa-yaki, also to have gifts made.

Blacatz as a knight in a 13th-century miniature Blacatz, known in French genealogy as Blacas de Blacas III (1165-1237), was the feudal lord of Aups and a troubadour. Sordello composed a lament (planh) on his death, inviting the kings of his time to share and eat the heart of Blacatz and thus acquire a portion of his courage. He was the father of the troubadour Blacasset.

Shinnojo, a low level samurai, lives with his pretty and loyal wife Kayo. Bored with his position as a food-taster for a feudal lord, he talks about opening a kendo school open to boys of all castes. Before he can act, he becomes ill after tasting some whelk sashimi. An investigation reveals that the poisoning was not a human conspiracy, but a poor choice of food out of season.

Stefano di Agnone was his successor who would then combines the two castles of Caccavone and Agnone. In 1291, the latter was succeeded by Roland Gisulfo who still maintained the unity of the two castles. The last feudal lord of Caccavone Petra was Charles II who succeeded his father Vincenzo in 1806, the same year in which the King of Naples Joachim Murat, abolished the feudal rights, while retaining the titles.

Ali Gul Pir (; born 14 February 1986) is a Pakistani rapper, television and voice actor and stand-up comedian, Big fan of Hammad Khatri. Hammad Khatri is first Pakistani hearing impairment Youtuber and son of feudal lord of Sargodha District. He achieved popularity with his first single, "Waderai Ka Beta", a comedy song about political elites in Pakistan at the helm of affairs and the culture surrounding it.

Somia (Savera Nadeem) belongs to a wealthy family from valley of Swat and is the only child of her parents. She is studying in university and lives in a hostel in Karachi. One of her class fellows, Sajid (Adnan Siddiqui), falls in love with her, but she thinks him as a very good friend. She herself is in love with Mehroze (Nabeel), who is a son of feudal lord.

He served as commander for the Norwegian forces during the Kalmar War between Denmark-Norway and Sweden from 1611 to 1613. As Governor- general, he accomplished relatively little in his latter years, falling into disagreement with Norwegian nobleman Jens Bjelke, who was the Chancellor of Norway. During the last three years of his life, 1618-1621, he was named feudal lord at Tranekjær on Langeland in Denmark. He died at Sjælland.

With the advent of the mercenaries, the reliance on vassals became less important and their service increasingly took the form of administration and court duties. Consilium meant primarily the obligation to appear at imperial assemblies or Hoftage. Vassals whose feudal lord was not the king took part in the councils of their liege lords. They also had to administer justice over their subjects in the name of their master.

In 1600s, during Edo period (1603 - 1868 Japan), the feudal lord of the clan ( Province), , chose textiles to be presented to the Tokugawa shogunate, as tribute. The word - sometimes used to describe - derived from this action. In 1815 during Edo period, the textile became popular when a kabuki actor wore an made from onstage. The original use for was as fabric for , mostly for men wearing kimono or .

Antonio II stayed in Ulcinj and married Maria Bruni, the daughter of Matteo Bruni, the former feudal lord of Shkoder. Antonio II was executed by hanging when the Turks occupied the city and arrested him. His sons, Marco and Giacobbe, returned to Koper after a bounty was put on their heads. In 1560, Antonio Bruti sent a petition from his home in Ulcinj listing the services he had performed.

The patron saint of the feudal lord was also put thereon, and on swords and shields. When fixed and permanent troops were established, the princes gave them flags adorned with their swords and shields, or those of the leaders of each body. Some particulars of the military units were also shown on them. Soon the great and the good were pleased to lend their coats of arms to favored units.

Veerabhadraiah (Raogopal Rao) is a feudal lord presiding over a village along with his henchmen, which include his assistant (Rallapalli) and the village sarpanch (Nutan Prasad). Veerabhadraiah lends money to Venkateswarlu (P. L. Narayana), who is a local farmer living with his widowed daughter (Sangeetha). His son, Suryam (Chiranjeevi) is a hard working student living in the nearby city and he falls in love with Veerabhadraiah's daughter - Madhulatha (Madhavi).

Shiba was forced to surrender. The same year, a number of men claiming to serve Shiba invaded an area called Kawaguchi-shō, which was controlled by the Kōfuku-ji temple. In 1363 Shiba seized the area officially, becoming essentially a daimyō (feudal lord), gaining independent power beyond what was given him by the Shogunate. The monks of Kōfuku-ji resorted to various forms of blackmail and were granted their land back.

Giacomo Boncompagni (also Jacopo Boncompagni; 8 May 1548 – 18 August 1612) was an Italian feudal lord of the 16th century, the illegitimate son of Pope Gregory XIII (Ugo Boncompagni). He was also Duke of Sora, Aquino, Arce and Arpino, and Marquess of Vignola. A member of the Boncompagni family, he was a patron of arts and culture. Pierluigi da Palestrina dedicated to him the first book of Madrigals.

In France and England, by contrast, large castles were usually in the hands of a single powerful feudal lord. This is mainly due to the different way that feudalism developed in those countries due to their different regional situations. Several examples of large "multi-family castles" have survived, especially in southern France and the Massif Central. Foremost among these are the Tours de Merle (Saint-Geniez-ô-Merle, Corrèze).

Ulrich II, or Ulrich of Celje ( also Urh Celjski, , ; 16 February 14069 November 1456), was the last Princely Count of Celje. At the time of his death, he was captain general and de facto regent of Hungary, ban (governor) of Slavonia, Croatia and Dalmatia and feudal lord of vast areas in present-day Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Austria, and Slovakia. He was also a claimant to the Bosnian throne.Ćirković, Sima.

Hayat was the President of the Pakistan Football Federation and also serves as a member of the Strategic Committee of FIFA. He has held this position since 2003, and has been described as a "feudal lord of Pakistani football". During his controversial tenure, Pakistan's FIFA ranking has dropped from 168 in 2003 to 201 in 2017. Despite his lackluster results, Hayat continues to hold on to his position as president.

Ezzelino III da Romano (April 25, 1194, TomboloOctober 7, 1259) was an Italian feudal lord, a member of the Ezzelino family, in the March of Treviso (in the modern Veneto). He was a close ally of the emperor Frederick II (1220–1250), and ruled Verona, Vicenza and Padua for almost two decades. He became infamous as a cruel tyrant, and was, in fact, the most "notorious" of the "early tyrants".

Tsukubai are usually of stone, and are often provided with a small ladle, ready for use. A supply of water may be provided via a bamboo pipe called a kakei. The famous tsukubai shown here stands in the grounds of the Ryōan-ji temple in Kyoto, and was donated by the feudal lord Tokugawa Mitsukuni. The kanji written on the surface of the stone are without significance when read alone.

In 1603 Mori Tadamasa moved from the Shinano Kawanakajima Domain, marking the foundation for the castle at 186,000 koku. When construction began, Tsuruyama was renamed to Tsuyama. In 1616 the construction of 77 turrets, castle towers and 5 floors was completed. In 1697 the Mori clan became extinct, leaving the castle under the control of feudal Lord Asano Tsunanaga (浅野綱長) of Hiroshima Domain (広島藩).

Guy II de Forez, the feudal lord of Saint- Romain-le-Puy, was the vassal of Louis VII. In 1173, the fief of Saint-Romain was transferred from Ainay Abbey to the County of Lyon. In 1218, Count Guy IV de Forez, gave the priory (founded in 1007) into the care of the religious of Saint-Thomas-les-Nonnains. There was longstanding conflict between the chateau and the priory.

The German blazon reads: In Silber ein aufrecht gestellter wachsender goldener Krummstab mit linksgewendeter Krümme (Bischofsstab). The municipality’s arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Argent issuant from base a crozier palewise Or, the crook to sinister. The arms were approved by the Bavarian king in 1845 and go back to a court seal from 1747. The single charge recalls the former feudal lord, the Bishop of Speyer.

Tczew (Trsow, Dersowe, ‘weaver's town’) was first mentioned as Trsow in a document by Pomeranian Duke Grzymisław bestowing the land to the Knights Hospitaller in 1198. Around 1200 Sambor I, Duke of Pomerania, built a fortress here. In some documents, the name Derszewo appears, which stems from the name of a feudal lord, Dersław. It is unknown whether Trsow and Derszewo referred to the same or two neighboring settlements.

During the Kan'ei era (1624–44), the first lord of Owari Tokugawa Yoshinao (1601–1650) had a kiln constructed at the corner of the Ofuke enceinte (Ofukemaru) in the northern part of the grounds of Nagoya Castle. This type was called oniwa-yaki (literally "garden ware"). Almost every feudal lord had his own oniwa-yaki, also to have gifts made. Potters from Seto were invited to make pottery.

Nizam Vali was a close associate of Communist leader Idukallu Sadasivan. He worked along with stalwart leaders like T. Nagi Reddy in fighting against the feudal lords and factionalists from Dorigallu area of the erstwhile Kadiri taluq. Nizam Vali was the motivating force behind T. Nagi Reddy’s agitation against a feudal lord and faction leader near Mudigubba village of Anantapur district. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru had visited Kadiri town in 1964.

In June 1991, Mohsin and Sethi's publishing company, Vanguard Books, released Tehmina Durrani's My Feudal Lord, a "politically explosive" book about her marriage with leading politician Mustafa Khar. In the book, Durrani alleges that Khar mistreated and abused her. It was an "instant sensation" and later became the "hottest book in Pakistan's history". Durrani signed a contract vesting foreign rights with Mohsin and giving her 50% of foreign royalties.

Nijinomatsubara Fisheye view of Nijinomatsubara is a 360-year-old pine forest in Karatsu, Saga. It has a width of 400 - 700 metres, a length of about 4 km, and a total area of 240 hectares. It was also referred as , however this name is uncommon today. The forest was originally planted by the feudal lord Terazawa Hirotaka as a counter-measure against the strong winds and tides in Karatsu Bay.

Varunakulattan (also identified as Khem Nayak or Chem Nayak) was a 17th- century feudal lord and military commander from the Jaffna Kingdom. He led a rebellion as the military commander of Thanjavur Nayak against the Portuguese in their conquest of the Jaffna kingdom in 1619. Although the nominal king was Cankili II, Varunakulattan was described as the king of Karaiyars, and wield the real power in the Jaffna Peninsula.

Durgeshnandini (, Doorgeshnondini, Daughter of the Feudal Lord) is a Bengali historical romance novel written by Indian writer Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in 1865. Durgeshnandini is a story of the love triangle between Jagat Singh, a Mughal General, Tilottama, the daughter of a Bengali feudal lord and Ayesha, the daughter of a rebel Pathan leader against whom Jagat Singh was fighting. The story is set in the backdrop of Pathan-Mughal conflicts that took place in south-western region of modern-day Indian state of Paschimbanga (West Bengal) during the reign of Akbar. Durgeshnandini is the first Bengali novel written by Bankim Chandra as well as the first major Bengali novel in the history of Bengali literature. The story of the novel was borrowed from some local legends of Arambag region, Hooghly district, Paschimbanga, collected by Bankim Chandra’s great-uncle. Although the conservative critics mocked the lucidity of Bankim Chandra’s language, Durgeshnandini was highly praised by most of the contemporary scholars and newspapers.

Entering the Edo period and the Tokugawa shogunate, the Uwa District came under control of the . From 1610 to 1612, the first Uwajima feudal lord, Tomita Nobutaka, gathered farmers from the local area to dig a canal through the thinnest part of the Sadamisaki Peninsula, Seto's Mitsukue neighborhood. The project was soon canceled due to insufficient funds. By this time, the name can be seen in records of taxes paid to the feudal lords.

It is possible that the now-lost first plate mentioned Bhoja's genealogy. Next, the inscription describes Bhoja's feudatory and Suraditya, who was a migrant from Kanyakubja, and belonged to the Shravana-bhadra lineage. Suraditya was made the feudal lord of Samgama-khetaka-mandala (present-day Sankheda area) for having killed Bhoja's enemies. The inscription names only one of the enemies defeated by Suraditya: Sahavahana, whose identity is not certain (see Military career of Bhoja#Sahavahana).

Khar married eight times. One of Khar's marriages was to Tehmina Durrani, a Pakistani women's rights activist and author. Her first book, My Feudal Lord, released by Vanguard Books of Lahore in June 1991 caused controversy in Pakistan's society by describing her abusive and traumatic marriage to Ghulam Mustafa Khar. His daughter Aaminah Haq is a Pakistani model and actress noted as a Lux model and for her role in the television drama Mehndi.

Rebati is the story of a young innocent girl whose desire for education is placed in the context of a conservative society in a backward Odisha village, which is hit by the killer cholera epidemic. His other stories are "Patent Medicine", "Dak Munshi", and "Adharma Bitta". Senapati is also known for his novel Chha Maana Atha Guntha. This was the first Indian novel to deal with the exploitation of landless peasants by a feudal lord.

The tenshu prior to its destruction in 1945. ', sometimes called ', is a castle in Hiroshima, Japan that was the home of the daimyō (feudal lord) of the Hiroshima han (fief). The castle was originally constructed in the 1590s, but was destroyed by the atomic bombing on August 6, 1945. The castle was rebuilt in 1958, a replica of the original that now serves as a museum of Hiroshima's history before World War II.

Escheat is a common law doctrine that transfers the real property of a person who has died without heirs to the Crown or state. It serves to ensure that property is not left in "limbo" without recognized ownership. It originally applied to a number of situations where a legal interest in land was destroyed by operation of law, so that the ownership of the land reverted to the immediately superior feudal lord.

The Papal States sent experts to Benevento: they ascertained that the houses that used river pebbles had fared worse than those built with bricks. They suggested to rebuild the houses with bricks or square stones. Cerreto Sannita was rebuilt under the supervision of the Count Marzio Carafa, feudal lord of the town. The old, destroyed settlement was abandoned and rebuilt nearby at a lower altitude, in a place with safer, more stable soil.

He is one of the few ninjas who survived the attack on Iga because he was on an assignment that night. When he breaks the code of the ninja and starts stealing money, Usagi stops him. While he remains protective of Usagi and greatly wishes for her happiness, he eventually marries Yuri. ; :Another feudal lord, Ieyasu's son and wife were killed by Princess Sara in the manga (although that is not historically true).

During the visit of Charles I to Scotland for his coronation in 1633 he was, on 15 June, dubbed a knight at Seton. He was also the feudal Lord of Balvaird. Murray was the second of those who, in February 1638, signed the covenant in Greyfriars Church, Edinburgh. Although his name was also inserted as supporting the libel against the bishops in the same year, he may not have concurred with it.

Santi Gervasio e Protasio is the Roman Catholic parish church in None, Region of Piedmont, Italy. A church at the site had been established by the feudal lord of the town, the Count of Piossasco, whose castle was adjacent to the church. It was used by the counts as a family burial church. The main altar, decorated by the coat of arms of the family, was built in 1720 by Count Gian Michele.

The name of the village was Beyköy, founded around 1504 - 1505, named after his founder, a Koçi Bey, once ruled by a local Ottoman Agha family. The majority of the inhabitants are Bulgarian Turks, the minority of Thracian Bulgarians settlers came around 1924–25. The last Turkish feudal lord was Karakoç Nasuh Ağa a Grandson of the Rumelian Mountain Bandits Chef Haskovo Ayan Emin Ağa. Nasuh's wife was a daughter of Haskovo's çorbacı Boyacıoğlu Ağa.

1343 Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV gave Kirchheim high justice. Kirchheim was burned to the ground in July 1372 because of a dispute between its feudal lord and the city of Augsburg over custom laws on the lech river. Also in the War of the cities 1387–1389 the town had to take heavy damages. Kirchheim was vested with market rights 1490 by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III which stimulated economic growth.

Smarakasilakal is set in a predominantly Muslim North Malabar village. It is the story of a feudal lord Khan Bahadur Pookkoya Thangal of the rich Arakkal family who could build a world of his own in his village. The mosque and its cemetery weave a background of traditions and legends for the tale. Every character reflects some aspect of the social set up, at the same time lives as a person of individuality.

Next year, Arthur Evans visited Rmanj (spelled as "Ermanja" by him), and in one of his letters, he described the damage inflicted on the monastery's church by troops under a Bosnian Muslim feudal lord. Once more, the monastery was repaired in 1883. In World War II, a field hospital of the Yugoslav Partisans was organised at the monastery. For this reason, it was bombed by the Germans and completely destroyed on 23 April 1944.

Povel Huitfeldt pleaded health problems when in 1575 he requested and received an exemption from traveling to Bergen. He retired in 1577 from all other positions because of health problems and because travel through Norway was most difficult because of poor roads, dangerous bridges, and steep cliffs. After retiring from service he stayed primarily in Halland, where he held property. From 1581 forward to his death he also was feudal lord of Tromsø.

Ripatransone is on a hill called Cuprae Mons ("Mountain of Cupra", an ancient deity) in the past, and was a Picene settlement. The origin of the modern name has been disputed; it comes probably from Ripa Trasonis, "Hill of Traso", from the name of the first feudal lord. The castle was erected there in the early Middle Ages, and enlarged later by the bishops of Fermo, who had several conflicts with the people.

Typically, villagers would gather to decide over a special issue regarding the community, such as agricultural land usage, but there existed no permanent municipal body. In many places, the local feudal lord (seigneur) still had a major influence in the village's affairs, collecting taxes from tenant-villagers and ordering them to work the corvée, controlling which fields were to be used and when, and how much of the harvest should be given to him.

Kyuichi Obata was too busy with his business to have studied the martial arts himself, but was pleased at his son's commitment to karate; one of the family's ancestors had been Obata Nobusada, a famous samurai, general and governor under the daimyō (feudal lord) Takeda Shingen in the 16th century. Toyoko Obata was a deeply religious Christian and saw the martial arts as contradictory to her beliefs, but never inhibited her son's training.

Setesvein or setesvenn is the name of medieval and pre-reformatory armed pages who acted as local representatives of a bishop or of a feudal lord in Norway. Setesveins between 1350 and 1537 are commonly associated with the Catholic Archbishop, on whose behalf they exercised administrative and military functions in their respective districts. Clerical setesveins were especially numerous in Northern Norway, where they constitute an important part of the regional upper class history.

Gian Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan, appointed as feudal lords of Vimercate the family Secco Borella in 1475. In 1554 Ludovico Maria Sforza gave the land of Vimercate to Count Ludovico Secchi. The last feudal lord was Luigi Trotti, son of Count Trotti (Senator Johannes Baptista) and Maria Giulia "Seccoborella". On June 15, 1578, with the pastoral visit of Archbishop Charles Borromeo, the property was incorporated into the parish of Saint Bartholomew.

Vijayaditya I (died 1175) was a king of the Shilahara dynasty. He joined in a conspiracy which was being formed by Bijjala, a minister of his feudal Lord Taila III, and in the revolution that ensued the Chalukya supremacy came to an end circa 1153ad. The Satara plates of his son claim that Vijayaditya I reinstated the fallen lords of Sthanaka and Goa. He was the senior contemporary of Basava and other Shivasharanas.

Anselmian satisfaction contrasts with penal substitution in that Anselm sees the satisfaction (i.e. restitution) as an alternative to punishment. According to Anselm, "The honour taken away must be repaid, or punishment must follow" (bk 1 ch 8), whereas penal substitution views the punishment as the means of satisfaction. Comparing what was due to God and what was due to the feudal Lord, he argued that what was due to God was honour.

The high ratings allowed for high-cost scenes with exploding cars, helicopters and crowds. A famous painting of this time is Shimura as a monk, who asked people to repeat the words "Daijoubuda, ... ueh, ueh, ueh", whereas "daijoubuda" literally means "I'm all right." This program ran about three times a year since 1986. In it, Shimura is a feudal lord ("tono") who does not want to rule and only thinks about having fun.

By winter 1155, suggests Norwich, few contemporaries "would have held out much hope for the future of the Sicilian monarchy". According to Boso, the rebels asked Adrian to come to them as their feudal lord, to act as their spiritual advisor and bless them in their endeavours. Adrian, believing that William's kingdom would collapse imminently, tried to exploit William's weakness and allied with the rebels in September. As it turned out, this was a miscalculation.

The castle ensemble consists of three successive buildings built exclusively as a summer residential accommodation for the Ottoman feudal, each as an exclusive functional building. It has three courtyards within which the residences of the feudal lord and his sons were built. The complex also provides for residential buildings for the attendants to the family and casual workers on the farm lands. The farm lands have a shed, barn and other structures related to farming.

Odo was born about 880, the son of Abbo, feudal lord of Deols, near Le Mans and his wife Arenberga. According to the Vita later written by Odo's disciple John, the couple had long been childless, and one Christmas-eve, Abbo prayed to Our Lady to obtain for him the gift of a son. When the child was born, his grateful father entrusted the boy to Saint Martin. Both his parents later joined monasteries.

The temple was founded on the order of Empress Kōken in 729 and consecrated by the monk Gyōki. In 1586, however, the temple was temporally shut down in the fire caused by war. Then, in the early Edo period, the main hall was rebuilt by Arima Tadayori (有馬忠頼), the second feudal lord of Kurume Domain. Today, the temple and its surrounding grounds receive more than 30 thousand visitors annually.

Padhiana is a remaining legacy of Minhas Confederation of villages. Minhas Rajputs of this village are descendants of Shri Baba Kati Deo Ji (alias Kati Ji), a feudal lord of the 16th century, who was a vassal to the Jaswal Raja (King) of Jaswan. Shri Kati Deo was the younger brother of legendary, Shri Mati Deo. The founding ancestor of this village migrated from Daroli, today Daroli Kalan, when family fortunes split.

The decisive battle of Sekigahara (1600) resulted in the establishment of the Tokugawa Shogunate, the final feudal regime to rule over Japan. Under the Tokugawa Shogunate, most of Yamagata was controlled by the great feudal lord Mogami Yoshiaki. The Mogami fief became the fifth largest in Japan, excluding lands held by the Tokugawa. Mogami Yoshiaki developed flood control of the Mogami River to allow for safer navigation and for irrigation to increase rice farming.

Daniel fixed Joy's marriage with a rich girl, of which Joy doesn't approve. Daniel used a dirty trick to get the property of the feudal lord, making his son Joy as the son of Karavalpadu. One day while Joy talks with Seetha, Mohanan Pillai happened to see this and tell his boss. Daniel is very upset because of this and tries to separate Joy and Seetha, but Joy took this as revenge and married Seetha.

They remained in prominence until the 16th century as their feudal lord continued to rule over half of what is now known as Kumamoto Prefecture. This contributed economically to the family and the shrine, allowing them to rebuild shrine buildings and hold festivals. It also made it possible for them to establish branches of the Aso shrine in other locations. Some of those shrines still remain in up to 500 locations to this day.

Austrått Manor Jens Tillufssøn Bjelke, a Danish-Norwegian nobleman and a feudal lord of Jemtland, Norway, was originally from Danish Skåne (now Swedish). Jens Tillufssøn Bjelke was one of several notable Danes who acquired land, resided permanently in Norway, became thoroughly Norwegian and founded new Norwegian noble families, which replaced the old nobility of the first rank. He was the grandfather of Chancellor Jens Ågessøn Bjelke and great- grandfather of Governor Jorgen Bjelke.

Tehmina Durrani (; born 18 February 1953) is a Pakistani author, artist, and activist on women's and children's rights. Her first book, "My Feudal Lord" (1991), shocked the conservative Pakistani society because of the sensational exposure of her politically famous but abusive husband, Mustafa Khar. Her three-year tenure of service alongside Abdul Satar Edhi was transformational and life changing. It also resulted in her authoring his (narrated) autobiography, "A Mirror to the Blind" (1996).

Durrani and Khar had four children. After being abused by Khar for several years, she ended her marriage of fourteen years in divorce. In 1991, Durrani wrote an autobiography titled My Feudal Lord alleging abuse by Khar. She argued in the book that the real power of feudal landlords, like Khar, is derived from the distorted version of Islam that is supported by the silence of women and of society as a whole.

The Silent Knight is a young handsome man named Brian Kent, living in sixth-century Great Britain. At a jousting tournament, the evil Sir Oswald Bane kills Brian's feudal lord father Sir Edwin, claiming it to be an accident. Before he dies, Edwin instructs Brian to continue his rule and look after the people. Sir Oswald hears this and sets Brian under the knightly training of Sir Grot, a friend of Edwin's.

The conversion of a fief into a freehold — a familiar process in the 19th century — is called enfranchisement. Ownership of enfranchised fiefs continued to be limited, however, to the rights of the former feudatories. Only the overall suzerainty of the feudal lord over the estate was repealed, while the rights of the feudatory remained unaffected. Such an enfranchised fief became analogous to entailment (Familienfideikommiss); often it was explicitly converted into a fee tail (Fideikommissgut).

In 1480, he participated in military operations on the island of La Gomera, not fully conquered by the Castilians. He disembarked with his troops at Hermigua with two goals: to complete conquest of the island and to meet with Hernán Peraza, the feudal lord of La Gomera. However, Peraza considered Rejón, a commander with many troops operating in territory not controlled by Castile, as a threat to his own power. Peraza sent his own troops to Hermigua.

The interior frescoes are a rare example of the early gothic style in the region and are attributed to the workshop of the Johanisskirche in Brixen. 1348 :Heinrich von Völs, the first documented feudal lord to name himself after Karneid, dies leaving six children: Katharina, Margaretha, Klara, Oswald, Nikolaus and Heinrich. His sons die without heirs whilst Katharina marries Botzo de Bambarossi, Magaretha Arnold von Niederthor and Klara Ritter Joachim von Villanders. Klara dies without issue.

It was originally called Tatsumi Goten (Tatsumi Palace). Much of it has been dismantled, but what remains is one of the most elegant remaining feudal lord villas in Japan. The villa stands in a corner of Kenrokuen; separate admission fees apply. Notable features are the vividly coloured walls of the upper floor, with purple or red walls and dark-blue ceilings (red walls—benigara—are a Kanazawa tradition), and the custom-made English carpet in the audience chamber.

Customs and export secretary Oluf Carstensen Mechlenborg had two sons: Niels Olufsen Mechlenburg, an estate owner, and Willum Mecklenburg, Feudal Lord of Eiker (one of the last in Norway). The two brothers' descendants were married into and have descendants in several families of Danish and the Norwegian nobility, among others Werenskiold, von Rømer, de Tonsberg, Huitfeldt, von Hausmann, and the Counts of Wedel-Jarlsberg, as well as in non-noble families like Hansten, Hiorth, and Angell.

In a letter to the governor of Egypt in 1560 there are some hints of bribery given to the officer of military units bringing taxes from Egypt. Jubb Yussef is mentioned as a Sultan-owned region where toll fees are paid to the Sultan. From the year 1596, there is a list of 13 tax-paying families living at Jubb Yussef. These taxes were also paid to the Sultan and not to a regional ruler or local feudal lord.

A portrait of Tsutsui Sadatsugu was a cousin and adopted son of Tsutsui Junkei, a feudal lord of the Yamato province. At the death of Junkei in 1584, he was relocated by Toyotomi Hideyoshi to Iga Province, where he built the Iga Ueno Castle. In 1600 he took sides with the Tokugawa Ieyasu in the Battle of Sekigahara. In 1608, however, he was removed from his position by the Tokugawa shogunate, in an accusation of sloppy governance.

Lord Balvaird is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1641 for Sir Andrew Murray, who was at that time also the feudal Lord of Balvaird. His son, the second Lord, succeeded as fourth Viscount Stormont in 1658 according to a special remainder in the letters patent. The latter's great- grandson, the seventh Viscount, succeeded his uncle as second Earl of Mansfield in 1793, also according to a special remainder in the letters patent.

Hugh de Beauchamp was an Anglo-Norman feudal lord of Abergavenny in the Welsh Marches in the late 12th century. Hugh was a member of the large Beauchamp dynasty but his parentage is as yet unknown or unproven. Hugh became lord of Abergavenny after the deaths without issue of the sons of Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford. Hugh in turn died or was killed around 1173, when Abergavenny Castle was seized by the Welsh.

In 1296 Sir Richard Scott married the daughter and heiress of Murdostoun and became the owner of the properties of Murdostoun and Hardwood, and as feudal lord swore fealty to Edward I of England. Sir Richard died in 1320. His descendent, Sir David Scott, sat in the Parliament held in Edinburgh in 1487 as 'Dominus de Baccleuch.' His son, Sir Michael Scott, heir of Murdostoun, distinguished himself at the Battle of Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333.

In many cases, he used fraudulent visas, sham marriages, and fake identities. Anita Chabria, a California-based journalist, wrote, "Reddy ruled over his victims like a feudal lord, imposing his law rather than U.S. law by keeping his targets isolated and afraid — of him, and of their tenuous position as illegal immigrants — and by importing the rules of the caste system, an apartheid that India has fought to eradicate but that still governs the daily lives of many Hindus".

A similar attempt at developing Norwegian naval strength was, however, rejected by the king. AS feudal lord of Akershus Juel established the new city of Christiania when Oslo burnt in 1624. The new city was a relatively Danish-dominated city, serving as refuge for a network of immigrant merchants, especially from Haderslev, which was destroyed by war in 1627. Juel actively expanded mining operations in Norway, and served as the first director of the Kongsberg Silver Mines.

A young couple, Ganga and Nakulan, arrives at Nakulan's tharavadu, Madampalli. Hailing from a traditional family that believes in superstitions, Nakulan's uncles Thampi and Unnithan object to the couple's idea of moving into a mansion that is believed to be haunted, which Nakulan ignores. The couple moves in, following which seemingly supernatural events occur. The mansion was occupied decades ago by Sankaran Thampi Karanavar, a feudal lord of the province and the then-head of the family.

Ayaz Kala 2 had a 50 m long sloping man-made staircase on the southern side of the fort. The main building is considered as a palace with residential quarters, ceremonial halls with ceilings supported by multiple columns and a fire temple, luxuriously decorated with wall paintings. This building seems to have been the residence of a feudal lord loyal to the Khorezmshah. The building was built in the 4th century CE and destroyed by two separate fires.

Prioress von der Hude was succeeded by the likewise Catholic Anna Brummers. Hamburg's Bailiff Balthasar von Meinssen forbade the convent's feudal tenants in the heath villages within Hamburg's Ritzebüttel Bailiwick to obey to their feudal lord, the new prioress, and to deliver her the feudal .E.R., „Review of 'Heinrich Rüther, «Das Kloster Neuenwalde als Grundherrschaft», in: Jahresbericht der Männer vom Morgenstern, vol. 11 (1908/1909), pp. 85–109“, in: Zeitschrift des Vereins für Hamburgische Geschichte, vol.

The wall known locally as Gentleman’s Wall is located in the Kajtazi neighborhood of Smrekonica, about from the center of Vučitrn. The wall is said to have been built by the local feudal lord in the 19th century. Made of carved stone, the protective wall reaches a height of and is topped with a two-layer wood-braced roof covered with local tile. The village school and the lord’s tower house originally stood nearby but have been lost.

Uriello's predecessor, Elisabetta Malatacca, had been the feudal lord of Cinga. In 1506, Ferdinand II of Aragon granted rights to the city of Crotone, leading to the rise of three concurrent barons of Zinga, Giovanni Antonio Pipino, Nardo Lucifero, and Bartolomeo Tibaldo. Having sided with the Kingdom of France during the War of the League of Cognac, Pipino was accused of treason and stripped of his fief. However, after only 8 years, the Pipinos reclaimed their estate in 1536.

Of the writings that can be verifiably attributed to Fulbert, the bulk consists of his letters. His most famous letter was to Duke William V of Aquitaine on the duties of feudal lord and vassal. He also wrote to fellow churchmen on a variety of liturgical issues including the appointment of bishops, excommunication, and obedience. His letters also include correspondence about mundane issues of everyday life such as thanking people for medicine and setting up meetings.

Pavlo Kurtik or Pal Kurti (fl. 1431–1432) (Albanian: Pal Kurti) was an Albanian or styled Slavo-Albanian feudal lord who held an Ottoman vilayet, an administrative unit in the Ottoman Empire similar to a county or shire, located between the Erzen and Shkumbin rivers in present-day Albania. While he was Christian, one of a few Christian lords in the Ottoman Empire, his sons converted in Islam and held various official titles throughout the Empire.

This became the State of Yíng (英). Other children of Boyi (伯益) became the feudal lord of Liu (state) (六), and Xu (Chinese state) (許), by order of Yu the Great. Later, the Yíng (赢) tribe was founded in the state of Yíng (英), and the Liu (六) in, Xu (許) in Henan. story of 伯益> story of 伯益 The Yíng tribe were powerful feudal lords at the end of the Shang Dynasty period.

After Dušan's death, the House of Rastislalić gained influence in Braničevo, later winning independence. According to Serbian chroniclers, Knez (title) (Count) Lazar of Serbia evicted the last Rastislalić feudal lord, Radič Branković, in 1379, and then presented outlying villages to monasteries in Wallachia. Sigismund, King of Hungary By the time of the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, Golubac was held by Serbia. It is unclear when or how it changed hands, though one source puts it later than 1382.

Afterwards the priest living quarters were ruined during the long war between Muromachi and Sengoku periods, there only remains the priest's lodge. In 1573, however, the main hall was founded by Kuroda Tsugutaka, the 6th feudal lord of Kuroda clan. Big maple trees, which has been designated as a natural monument of Fukuoka prefecture, has been said to be planted by him. Mount Rai has two sanctuaries, one at the middle of the mountain and one at its peak.

The church has a large cross flanked by two altarpieces, both painted by Gustav Adolph Lammers. The cross was drawn by Per Vigeland and carved by brothers Anker and Bjarne Walle from Bamble. The 1951 stained glass window, with the risen Christ as a theme, is also by Vigeland. The church elders inventory includes an exemplar of Christian III's Bible from 1550 and brass candlesticks that feudal lord Ove Gjedde bestowed the old church in 1643.

The story is about a village girl named Marvi who goes to the city to study, with the aim to come back to her village and improve the living conditions for the people there. Things do not go according to plan, and she faces many hardships. Marvi's possessive lover, Umar, played by Hassam Qazi, becomes so obsessed with her that he changes into a different person. He asks his friend Akbar, a feudal lord, for help.

This event marked the start of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. To reward Duke Xiang's contribution, King Ping formally granted him a nobility rank and enfeoffed him as a feudal lord. Qin was now elevated from a minor "attached state" (附庸, fuyong) to a major vassal state. King Ping further promised to give Qin the land west of Qishan, the former heartland of Zhou, if Qin could expel the Rong tribes that were occupying the land.

The battle turned in favour of the ducal forces and Henry took Conan prisoner. Henry was angry that Conan had turned against his feudal lord. He had him taken to the top of Rouen Castle and then, despite Conan's offers to pay a huge ransom, threw him off the top of the castle to his death. Contemporaries considered Henry to have acted appropriately in making an example of Conan, and Henry became famous for his exploits in the battle.

It was originally a declaration of fealty in the feudal system—swearing that one was the man (French: homme), or subordinate, of the feudal lord. The concept then became used figuratively for an acknowledgement of quality or superiority. For example, a man might give homage to a lady, so honouring her beauty and other graces. In German scholarship, followers of a great scholar developed the custom of honouring their mentor by producing papers for a festschrift dedicated to him.

Depiction of socage on the royal demesne (miniature from the Queen Mary Psalter, c. 1310). British Library, London. Socage () entry "socage" was one of the feudal duties and hence land tenure forms in the feudal system. A farmer, for example, held the land in exchange for a clearly defined, fixed payment to be made at specified intervals to his feudal lord, who in turn had his own feudal obligations, to the farmer (principally those of protection) and to the Crown.

According to some scholars in 1356 Kastrioti was a captain in the service of Aleksandar Đorić though there is an opinion that Đorić was not a feudal lord but Đurica, the logofăt. Kephale Kastrioti was among noblemen who did not accept Vukašin Mrnjavčević as successor of Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia and maybe even fought against him in 1370. The Ottomans did not know about him so after they captured the territory he once controlled they did not name it against him.

From the windowless basement a wooden trap door descends into the dungeon. Small windows and loopholes on two floors form architectural and defence elements typical of the period. View between the hall and curtain wall :The Hall :Until about 1200, the home of a nobleman or feudal lord in this part of the world was a residence in the local town or village. A castle tended to be solely a fortified place of refuge, usually just a tower surrounded by a wall.

Samra is a bubbly, innocent and cheerful girl who lives a perfect happy life with her parents. Fahad Sultan, the son of a feudal lord studies with Samra and the two fall in love. They get married and live a happy life although Samra has problems adjusting in the feudal system while she was raised in a modern household. Fahad was going to contest elections due to the influence of his politician father, but some enemies shoot him to death.

The Loyal 47 Ronin tells the true tale of a group of samurai who became rōnin (leaderless samurai) after their daimyō (feudal lord) Asano Naganori was compelled to commit seppuku (ritual suicide) for assaulting a court official, Kira Yoshinaka, who had insulted him. After carefully planning for over a year, they execute a daring assault on their sworn enemy's estate, and exact their revenge, knowing that they themselves would be forced to share their Lord's fate to atone for their crime.

Large halls called basilicas were used in ancient Rome for the administration of justice, as meeting places, and for trade. In the Early Middle Ages, the great hall, a single large open chamber, was the main, and sometimes only room of the home of a feudal lord. There the lord lived with his family and retinue, ate, slept and administered rule and justice. Activities in the hall played an essential role in the functioning of the feudal manor, the administrative unit of society.

Ine was to rebuff Sōken's attempts to become involved in Tada's life. The feudal lord Date Munenari was a patron of Ine's and of Western learning. Ine continued her studies in Nagasaki under Abe Roan. In 1854 she left Tada with her mother and went with Ninomiya Keisaku's nephew to study under Keisaku in Uwajima, whose lord, the daimyō Date Munenari, enthusiastically promoted Western learning. After he suffered a stroke in 1856, Keisaku returned to Nagasaki with Ine and Shūzō.

Born as Miura Susumu into the family of a village physician in the present Ōita Prefecture (at that time named Bungo) on the island of Kyūshū, he became himself a physician and declined invitations to take office in the service of a local feudal lord. A master of Chinese language and poetry, he later became an advocate of a new rationalism.Sources of Japanese Tradition, Vol. I, compiled by Ryusaku Tunoda, Wm. Theodore de Bary, Donald Keene, Columbia University Press, New York, 1958, p.

It was probably intended to resemble the hall at Castle Acre Castle, owned by Hugh's feudal lord, Hamelin de Warenne. Weeting Castle ceased to be used in the late 14th century and fell into decay. The ruins formed an ornamental feature in the grounds of nearby Weeting Hall from 1770 onwards, and passed into the ownership of the state in 1926 when the government acquired the surrounding estate. The site is now managed by English Heritage and open to visitors.

The castle of Bominaco is placed on top of the complex including the church of Santa Maria Assunta and the Oratory of San Pellegrino, in a commanding position on the plateau of Navelli. The original structure dates back to the 12th century, but its current appearance comes from the destruction of the former castle by Braccio da Montone in 1424 and its reconstruction by the feudal lord of Bominaco Cyprian of Iacobuccio from Forfona, with permission of the Pope Martin V.

Neilston (, , ) is a village and parish in East Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. It is in the Levern Valley, southwest of Barrhead, south of Paisley, and south-southwest of Renfrew, at the southwestern fringe of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Neilston is a dormitory village with a resident population of just over 5,000 people. Neilston is mentioned in documents from the 12th century, when the feudal lord Robert de Croc, endowed a chapel to Paisley Abbey to the North.

Furthermore, there was a story where it would turn into a towering giant ōnyūdō. :The feudal lord at that time, Date Masamune, was suspicious of this strange occurrence and made his servants investigate, but the returning servants confirmed that the ōnyūdō certainly appeared and was unmanageable, and everybody turned pale. :Masamune, who had much fortitude, went out to exterminate the ōnyūdō himself. When he arrived, there was a conspicuously large groaning voice, and a nyūdō much larger than usual appeared.

In the People's Republic of China, Gada Meiren is regarded as an ethnic Mongol hero who fought "reactionary warlords" (Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang) and a "feudal lord" (Prince Darkhan). In other words, his activity is interpreted in the context of Marxist class struggle. Various literature is devoted to Gada Meiren in this framework. The ethnic Mongol scholar, Borjigin Burensain, questions this view and casts his activity as an ethnic conflict between the Mongols and the Chinese over Mongol land.

Unable to find her, Nevyn returns to his home province of Eldidd, where he saves the life of Rhodry Maelwaedd, earning the gratitude of his mother Lovyan, the local feudal lord. Nevyn receives a prophecy about the boy – Rhodry's destiny is somehow bound to that of the entire province. ; Year 696 Nevyn comes to Deverry province to banish an unnatural drought. Here he finds the bard Gweran (Blaen reborn), his wife Lyssa (Brangwen reborn), and a soldier called Tanyc (Gerraent reborn).

Robert FitzEdith, feudal lord of Okehampton (1093–1172) was an illegitimate son of Henry I of England and Edith Forne, who was one of Henry's many mistresses. Compared to many of his illegitimate siblings and half-siblings, much is known about him. Robert married Matilda d'Avranches, heiress of the feudal barony of Okehampton, Devon, and widow of William de Courcy. They had one daughter, Maud, who married Renaud, Sire of Courtenay (son of Miles, Sire of Courtenay and Ermengarde of Nevers).

The house of Mahmut Pasha Gjinolli, a member of prominent feudal lord Jashar Pasha Gjinolli’s family lies in western Vučitrn near the Terstena River. Historical records and oral tradition agree on its 19th century origin. Later in the century, it became an Ottoman municipal office (). After World War II, it was put back into use for a similar purpose, going on to serve as an ambulance garage in the 1960s and a shelter for families displaced by floods in 1978.

In 1517 an agreement was signed in which the marriage between Enno II and Maria of Jever was planned. But Enno II broke the agreement and instead married Anna of Oldenburg in 1529. In this marriage, Butjadingen was given to Oldenburg, and in return Oldenburg relinquished its claims to Jever. In response, Maria of Jever drove out the East Frisian occupiers of Jever in 1531, and in 1532 she recognised the Duke of Burgundy, Charles V as her feudal lord.

The community gets its name from the word desh, which in the local Marwari language means land and wali, which in Persian (originally from Arabic) means lord, literally the word Deshwali means a feudal lord. They were employed as soldiers in the army of Prithvi Raj Chauhan. They are the early adopters of the Islam in India, which they accepted via the preaching of the Sufi saint Moinuddin Chishti. In Madhya Pradesh, the community lives in Indore, Barnagar and Ratlam.

Based primarily throughout the Japanese Sengoku period, Onimusha: Warlords starts with the feudal lord Nobunaga Oda being killed during a battle. One of the prominent fighters, Hidemitsu Samanosuke Akechi, receives a letter from his cousin Princess Yuki who is concerned about servants from her castle disappearing. Samanosuke joins with the kunoichi Kaede to rescue Yuki and discover demonic creatures known as Genma are the culprits. In order to defeat the Genma, the Oni clan grant Samanosuke powers from their kind.

The buildings in the garden date back to the early 17th century. In 1625, the feudal lord of Takamatsu in Sanuki Province, , began construction of Ritsurin, specifically the building of a garden around the South Pond using the beautiful greenery of Mt. Shiun (Purple Cloud Mountain) as a backdrop. Beginning in 1642, took over the area and continued its construction. The work was completed by the Fifth Lord Yoritaka in 1745 after 100 years of improvements and extensions made by the successive lords.

Mogilitsa (; also Mogilitza, Mogilica, meaning "hillock") is a village in the Rhodope Mountains in southernmost Bulgaria, part of Smolyan municipality, Smolyan Province. As of September 2005, it has a population of 483. Mogilitsa lies at , 1,041 m above mean sea level, near the border with Greece and the upper course of the river Arda, 35 kilometres southeast of Smolyan. Mogilitsa is famous for Agushevi konatsi (Агушеви конаци), the 19th-century winter estate of a rich Ottoman feudal lord, Agush Aga, and his son.

On 25 July 1139, in a meeting at Mignano, Pope Innocent II finally recognised Roger as King of Sicily, in exchange Roger accepted Innocent as his feudal lord. The pope also recognised Alfonso as Prince of Capua and invested him with a banner. Although the granting of a banner implied that Capua was a direct fief of the papacy, in fact it was an arrière-fief. Alfonso was a vassal of his father, who was a vassal of the pope.

The church was painted in 1672 by Mihal Jerma. The inscription is among the earliest examples of the Albanian language written in the Greek alphabet. The church was burned by the Luftwaffe during World War II. A 500-page leather-bound copy of the Gospels was stolen then and ended up in the Louvre. The bell was donated by the King of Naples in 1695 and inscribed “Dedicated to the Captains of Lukovë” after the seat of the feudal lord of the area.

Many legends describe Hideyoshi being sent to study at a temple as a young man, but he rejected temple life and went in search of adventure. Under the name , he first joined the Imagawa clan as a servant to a local ruler named . Hideyoshi traveled all the way to the lands of Imagawa Yoshimoto, the daimyō (feudal lord) based in Suruga Province, and served there for a time, only to abscond with a sum of money entrusted to him by Matsushita Yukitsuna.

According to one theory, this garden was the part of the residence of the famous Edo-period business magnate, Kinokuniya Bunzaemon. In the Kyōhō era (1716–1736), it became the location of the Edo residence of the feudal lord Kuze Yamatonokami, of Sekiyamo, who built his mansion here in 1721Kiyosumi Garden; on-site signage. and this is the period when the basic form of the garden came into existence. In the Meiji Era, Iwasaki Yatarō, the founder of Mitsubishi, acquired the land.

The Iranian bāy (through connection with Old Indian noun bhāgá "possessions, lot") gave Turkish word bai (rich), whence Mongol name Bayan (rich). # the Chinese title pö (the older form being pök or pak; according to Edwin Pulleyblank perjk), meaning older brother and feudal lord, often lower members of the aristocracy. 伯 (bó) is the Chinese noble title equivalent to count. What is certain is that the word has no connections to Turkish berk, "strong" (Mongolian berke), or Turkish bögü, "shaman" (Mong. böge).

Snorri Sturluson relates that Skjegge was buried in Skjegghaugen at Austrått (haugen from the Old Norse haugr meaning hill or mound), though this burial mound has never been identified.wikisource.org King Olaf Trygvason's Saga Austrått is one of the oldest residences for Norwegian chieftain and officials. In the 11th century the feudal lord (lendmann) Finn Arnesson resided there. He was married to Harald Hardrada's niece Bergljot Halvdansdottir and so was related by marriage to two Norwegian Kings: Saint Olaf and Harald Hardrada.

The amount of rice production measured in koku was the metric by which the magnitude of a feudal domain (han) was evaluated. A feudal lord was only considered daimyō class when his domain amounted to at least 10,000 koku. As a rule of thumb, one koku was considered sufficient quantity of rice to feed one person for one year. The Chinese equivalent or cognate unit for capacity is the shi or dan ( also known as hu (), now approximately 103 liters but historically about .

Marketa Lazarová is a 1967 Czechoslovak historical film directed by František Vláčil. It is an adaptation of the novel Marketa Lazarová (1931) by Vladislav Vančura. The film takes place in an indeterminate time during the Middle Ages, and tells the story of a daughter of a feudal lord who is kidnapped by neighbouring robber knights and becomes a mistress of one of them. Marketa Lazarová was voted the all-time best Czech movie in a 1998 poll of Czech film critics and publicists.

Caricature of Bogdan-Pitești looking over nudes, dressed in cassock (Nicolae Petrescu-Găină, 1913) Several anecdotes concerning Bogdan-Pitești's morals and extravagant lifestyle were in circulation from his lifetime. In 1912, Macedonski published an autobiographical Christmas story. It tells how, inspired by Macedonski's desire to feed his family a traditional turkey feast, Bogdan-Pitești sent him the bird stuffed with 50 gold lei. As T. Vianu writes, such "attitudes of a grand feudal lord" made Bogdan-Pitești into an "indisputably picturesque" person.

The original functions of the vigeriate were feudal and it was probably initially hereditary. The veguer was appointed by his feudal lord, the count, and was accountable to him. He was the military commander of his vegueria (and thus keeper of the publicly owned castles), the chief justice of the same district, and the man in charge of the public finances (the fisc) of the region entrusted to him. As time wore on, the functions of the veguer became more and more judicial in nature.

In the game, the player controls a feudal lord of a noble house amongst the ruins of a galactic empire. The player must battle other noble houses and rally enough support to be crowned Emperor of the galaxy. The player can start as one of five houses; each has its own advantages and disadvantages. During game setup, the player can customize their house, taking some negative traits such as insanity in exchange for more positive traits, like having all the player's units start out better trained.

There was bones and bone dust till the near times in that well so it is named Bone Well. According to the assumptions it had been used as prison. It is said that Gençağa Castle was built by Feudal Lord Gençağa who was very rich and had many soldiers. Surrounded by his enemies, Gençağa left the castle with seven mules loaded with gold and while he was escaping, he succeeded in saving his treasure by hiding away it underground when the mules became exhausted.

120px The flag is based on that of the Abbot of St. Gallen, who was the feudal lord of Appenzell until 1403. The flag of the abbey showed a bear on a yellow field, and the independent territory Appenzell changed the field to white for its own flag. Before its independence, Appenzell had a flag of a bear statant (on all fours) on a honeycombed field, attested from 1377. Appenzell split into its two half-cantons as a result of the Swiss Reformation, in 1597.

Terumitsu proposed a political marriage between Teruko and Yura Shigeru, the head of the Yura clan and lord of Kanayama castle in currently Gunma Prefecture. During the marriage to Shigeru, she gave birth to Yura Kunishige and Nagao Akinaga. She had a daughter who married the lord of Oshi castle, Narita Ujinaga, during the wedding Teruko's daughter gave birth to Kaihime. Teruko's husband, Shigeru, was a warlord who played independence as a Sengoku feudal lord, and switched forces in front of the powerful forces Uesugi and Hojo.

Jacopo Caldora was born in Castel del Giudice (Abruzzo in present-day Molise, then part of the Kingdom of Naples), into a feudatory family. He began his military career under Braccio da Montone, and, returned to his lands, expanded them by hiring mercenaries from the surrounding mountains. Called to the Neapolitan court by Queen Joan II of Anjou, he became a favourite of the powerful minister Sergianni Caracciolo. He was the Feudal Lord of Anversa, Arce, Bari, Campo di Giove, Monteodorisio, Pacentro, Palena, Trivento, Valva and Vasto.

His attacks unsuccessful, Henry II was forced to retreat back to Merseburg in Germany. With this defeat, Henry II was ready to end the war and begin serious peace negotiations with Bolesław I. On January 30, 1018, Henry II and Bolesław I signed a fourth peace treaty, known as the Peace of Bautzen.Knefelkamp (2002), p. 125 The Polish duke was able to keep the contested marches of Lusatia and Meissen on purely nominal terms of vassalage, with Bolesław I recognizing Henry II as his feudal lord.

Bauzan first came to South Wales in the service of Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke. In 1243, Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford (recently appointed feudal lord of Glamorgan, and the Earl of Clare) made Bauzan Sheriff of the County. This was possibly a plot to reduce the influence of the noble Richard Siward, Lord of Talyfan and Llanbleddian (who had been appointed 'keeper' of Glamorgan by Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford- Richard's father). Richard charged Siward with treason for breaking a truce.

After Sofia fell to the Ottomans in 1382, the monastery was disbanded and its buildings destroyed. It was rebuilt in the second half of the 15th century with the financial support of local feudal lord Radoslav Mavar and rapidly developed into a repository of Bulgarian cultural records. In 1612, while staying at Dragalevtsi Monastery, the monk Job Kasinets from Timișoara wrote the Boyana Beadroll, a list of medieval Bulgarian rulers. The document shows the extent to which medieval rulers were remembered in 17th-century Bulgarian lands.

He handed over the fort to his lord thereafter. Following that he was appointed castellan of Nyitra, was mentioned in that capacity on 24 June 1317. Subsequently, Simon plundered and looted the surrounding episcopal estates and villages. Simon Kacsics besieged and captured Nitra Castle (today in Slovakia) around 1313 However Simon turned on his feudal lord by the following months and joined Charles' partisans, just before the siege of Komárom (today Komárno, Slovakia), when the royal army had captured the fort on 3 November 1317.

In spring 1466, Sultan Mehmed marched with a large army against the Albanians. Under their leader, Skenderbeg, they had long resisted the Ottomans, and had repeatedly sought assistance from Italy. For the Albanians, the outbreak of the Ottoman–Venetian War offered a golden opportunity to reassert their independence; for the Venetians, they provided a useful cover to the Venetian coastal holdings of Durazzo and Scutari. Notable Montenegrin feudal lord Ivan Crnojević was of high significance for the defence of Scutari, for which he gained fame in Venice.

When Lu returned to Chang'an, Emperor Gaozu was much pleased by this result. Lü Zhi, the Han dowager empress, banned trade with Nam Việt in 185 BC. "Emperor Gaozu set me up as a feudal lord and sent his envoy giving me permission to carry on trade," said Triệu Đà. "But now Empress Lü...[is] treating me like one of the barbarians and breaking off our trade in iron vessels and goods." Triệu Đà responded by declaring himself an emperor and by attacking some border towns.

She was the first female doctor of Western medicine in Japan. Siebold was banished from Japan in 1829 but managed to provide for Ine and her mother and arranged for his students and associates to care for them. Ine's reputation grew after she became a doctor of Western medicine, and she won the patronage of the feudal lord Date Munenari. She studied in various parts of Japan under numerous teachers, one of whom impregnated her—likely having raped her—resulting in her only daughter; she never married.

The FIVE friends also display a unique set of characteristics, personifying individuality and though a friendship bond but a unique perspective of life :Shabaz Khan (Mahboob Alam): is a feudal lord who descends from the centuries-old socioeconomically stagnant and yet dominant Agrarian Indo-Asian culture. He represents all that is historically wrong with the systemic Feudal landownership system. He is a tenacious blowhard, power-mongering, aggressive proto-businessman. He uses any means necessary to force and maintain his egotistical control over the world that surrounds him.

Adrian also consolidated the Papacy's position as the feudal lord of the regional baronage; indeed, his success n doing so has been described as "never less than impressive". In 1157, for example, Adrian made Oddone Frangipane donate his castle to him, which Adrian then granted back to Oddone in fee. occasionally Adrian simply purchased castles and lordships for the papacy, as he did Corchiano. Adrian received the personal oaths of fealty of a number of north-Roman nobles, thus making them vassals of St Peter.

According to legend the Etruscan king Ocno (also known as Bianore, mythical founder of Felsina and other cities), lived in the area. There is evidence of Celtic and Etruscan settlement at the Monte Bibele archeological site. The Roman presence in the area is seen in the names of local villages such as Sesto. Bonifacio of Canossa, feudal lord of Pianoro during the 11th century, used to live in the Castle of Pianoro, subsequently demolished by the inhabitants of Bologna who accused the people of Pianoro of conspiracy.

After a long period of inner conflict, the first goal of the newly established Tokugawa government was to pacify the country. It created a balance of power that remained (fairly) stable for the next 250 years, influenced by Confucian principles of social order. Most samurai lost their direct possession of the land: the daimyō took over their land. The samurai had a choice: give up their sword and become peasants, or move to the city of their feudal lord and become a paid retainer.

At first, these seem to have been bestowed on individuals by the monarch or feudal lord as a sign of special recognition; but in the fifteenth century the use of robes became formalised with peers all wearing robes of the same design, though varied according to the rank of the wearer.Mansfield, A., Ceremonial Costume. London: A & C Black 1980 Two distinct forms of robe emerged, and these remain in current use: one is worn for parliamentary occasions and the other is generally worn only at coronations.

289 Owing to its location, Klis Fortress was an important defensive position during the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans.Singleton (1989), pp. 60–62. The fortress stands along the route by which the Ottomans could penetrate the mountain barrier separating the coastal lowlands from around Split, from Ottoman-held Bosnia. The Croat feudal lord Petar Kružić gathered together a garrison composed of Croat refugees, who used the base at Klis both to hold the Ottomans at bay, and to engage in marauding and piracy against coastal shipping.

Pedro Pardo de Cela was a feudal lord. Supporter of the Infanta Joanna la Beltraneja of Portugal, the death of her father, Henry IV of Castile faced the policy of the new kings of Castile, Isabella I of Castile and her husband, Ferdinand II of Aragon. He was married to the daughter of the first Earl of Lemos, Isabel Perez Osorio. The latter came with his uncle, Pedro Enríquez, bishop of Mondoñedo, city of Mondoñedo, where Pardo de Cela was merino representing the House of Lemos.

It is here that the Kami War begins, lasting for twenty years. The feudal lord, or daimyō, of Kamigawa, Takeshi Konda, employs samurai and scholars to resolve the situation, many of which are represented on the playing cards. Apart from the human race, various other races are also depicted, most notably the Moonfolk race, the Soratami race, and the distinctive humanoid rat race. The heroes of the story are Michiko Konda, the pure-hearted daughter of the daimyō, and Toshiro Umezawa, a ronin samurai with roguish qualities.

He was prepared by his father for the life of arms, fighting with him in Tuscany (1478) and then in Otranto against the Turks in 1481. His elder brother Giovanni Antonio died in Pisa in 1479. Upon the death of his father in Otranto, Andrea Matteo, as the elder surviving son, inherited the title of Duke of Atri and Count of S. Flaviano, which made him feudal lord of much of Abruzzo. He also received the maternal fiefdoms with the title of Count of Conversano.

Owing to its location, Klis Fortress was an important defensive position during the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans.Singleton (1989), pp. 60–62. The fortress stands along the route by which the Ottomans could penetrate the mountain barrier separating the coastal lowlands from around Split, from Turkish-held Bosnia. The Croat feudal lord Petar Kružić gathered together a garrison composed of Croat refugees, who used the base at Klis both to hold the Turks at bay, and to engage in marauding and piracy against coastal shipping.

Previously, peasants under the Timar system enjoyed a relatively liberal system. Under the Chiflik system they were ruled as serfs. No longer free to work for their own monetary gain they now had to labour under the rule of a feudal lord many days a week plus a larger percent of their harvest was seized. This increased oppression often led to peasants migrating to areas away from Chiflik control, or in the case of Greek peasants to the mountains where Ottoman authority didn't exist.

Following the 1693 earthquake, Italia was commissioned by representatives of the Duke of Terranova, feudal lord of Avola, to design the reconstruction plan for the city. Italia chose a flat area, rich in water and relatively close to the sea, a location opposed by the viceroy, who thought it was difficult to defend, but it was nevertheless adopted. In 1694 work began on the various buildings. The urban layout combines a hexagonal shape with two lines that meet at right angles in a square.

Lafcadio Hearn,Japan:An Attempt at interpretation,1904,Dodo Press,page 192 The conflict between honne and giri (social obligations) is one of the main topics of Japanese drama throughout the ages.Ruth Benedict,The Chrysanthemum and the Sword,1946,page205-207,315(...conceal his emotions,to give up his desires,..) For example, the protagonist would have to choose between carrying out his obligations to his family/feudal lord or pursuing a clandestine love affair. The same concept in Chinese culture is called "inside face" and "outside face", and these two aspects also frequently come into conflict.

" Croft, pp 134–5. James's advice concerning parliaments, which he understood as merely the king's "head court", foreshadows his difficulties with the English Commons: "Hold no Parliaments," he tells Henry, "but for the necesitie of new Lawes, which would be but seldome".Croft, p 133. In the True Law James states that the king owns his realm as a feudal lord owns his fief, because: > "[Kings arose] before any estates or ranks of men, before any parliaments > were holden, or laws made, and by them was the land distributed, which at > first was wholly theirs.

They also received special exceptions from the shogunate in regard to the policy of sankin-kōtai, another policy meant to restrict the wealth and power of the daimyō. Under this policy, every feudal lord was mandated to travel to Edo at least once a year, and to spend some portion of the year there, away from his domain and his power base. The Shimazu were granted permission to make this journey only once every two years. These exceptions thus allowed Satsuma to gain even more power and wealth relative to the majority of other domains.

The Tetulia Jami Mosque, or the Salamatullah Mosque: an example of Mughal architecture blended with European style. The Tetulia Jami Mosque (), also known as the Khan Bahadur Salamatullah Mosque, and the Tetulia Shahi Mosque, is located in village of Tetulia (or Tentulia) in Tala Upazila in the district of Satkhira in Bangladesh. The founder of the mosque was Khan Bahadur Maulvi Qazi Salamatullah Khan, of the zamindar (feudal-lord) Qazi family of Tetulia, who was also the founder of the mansion known as Salam Manzil (now in ruins) in the vicinity.Khalequzzaman, Badru Mohammad (2006).

The city's major tourist attraction is Ritsurin Garden, a feudal lord garden created in the Edo period. Designated as a Special Place of Scenic Beauty by the Japanese government, Ritsurin Garden is especially popular during spring and autumn where night-time illuminations showcase cherry blossoms and autumn colours respectively. Takamatsu Castle is known for using seawater in its moat and recently the old keep of the castle was successfully restored and opened for public viewing. In the east of Takamatsu City lies the Yashima lava plateau which is home to various sightseeing spots.

The sanctuary gained its name from eremitic cells (romitaggio) likely located here in prior to the 14th century. A tabernacle built at the site by the 15th century had acquired an icon of the Madonna and Child, depicting the veneration known as the Madonna della Neve (Madonna of the Snows) as painted by an unknown Sienese School artist. Legend holds the icon was found outside after a late spring snowfall. As veneration of the image increased, in 1460, Antonio Adimari, feudal lord of a nearby castle at Strozzavolpe erected an oratory with a loggia.

During the Middle Ages, an advocatus (sometimes given as modern English: advocate; German: Vogt; French: avoué) was an office-holder who was legally delegated to perform some of the secular responsibilities of a major feudal lord, or for an institution such as an abbey. Especially in the Holy Roman Empire, many such positions developed. Typically, these evolved to include responsibility for aspects of the daily management of agricultural lands, villages and cities. In some regions, advocates were governors of large provinces, sometimes distinguished by terms such as Landvogt (in German).

Yuri Lotman describes Sukhovo-Kobylin as a man with a "contradictory mind", in which the rigidity of the "Europeanized feudal lord" was combined with the desire to keep pace with the times; he carried out progressive economic reforms on his estates while preserving "an idealized idea of patriarchal relations".Lotman, p. 529. He was well educated, had success with the ladies, and was an inveterate gambler, although in high society, according to his neighbor Aleksandr Mikhailovich Rembelynsky, he kept himself apart and did not enjoy much sympathy.Otroshenko, p. 71.

The most heavy burden of the foreign exploitation was laid on the spine of the ordinary Mongolian laborers. They were impoverished during mobilization of horses and livestock products during preparation of the military campaign against the Dzungar Khanate besides they had to serve as warriors themselves. Although the military feudal system of Mongolia of the pre-Qing epoch is considered to have been a class society in which an ordinary Mongol was expected to obey his feudal lord as a soldier obeys a commander,И. Я. Златкин, История Джунгарского ханства.

There are stories of him engaging in combat around Japan using his four shaku shinai (about 121 cm). By the order of his feudal lord, he went to the capital city, Edo in 1832. In the next year, he did kenjutsu matches with many famous instructors. After Oishi Susumu, his son, also named Oishi Susume, inherited the school. Because the latter didn’t have a son, his younger brother, Oishi Yukie was placed as the headmaster of the ryū. After the Meiji Restoration, they didn’t practice swordsmanship for some time, but the school survived still.

The primary objective of these actions was to restrict the influence of the Holy Roman Emperor on papal elections. In 1061, the assembled bishops of Germany, the emperor's own faction, declared all the decrees of this pope null and void. In 1059, Nicholas II took two steps of a kind which, while unusual at this period, would later become commonplace for the medieval papacy. He granted land, which was already occupied, to recipients of his own choice, engaging those recipients in a feudal relationship with the papacy, or the Holy See, as the feudal lord.

The ascension promissory of Christian I Queen Dorothea In January 1448, King Christopher of Denmark, Sweden and Norway died suddenly and without natural heirs. His death resulted in the break-up of the union of the three kingdoms, as Denmark and Sweden went their separate ways and Norway's affiliation was unclear. The vacant Danish throne was first offered by the Council of the Realm to Duke Adolphus of Schleswig, being the most prominent feudal lord of Danish dominions. The duke declined and recommended his nephew, Count Christian of Oldenburg.

The revenge of the , also known as the or Akō vendetta, is an 18th-century historical event in Japan in which a band of rōnin (leaderless samurai) avenged the death of their master. The incident has since become legendary. The story tells of a group of samurai who were left leaderless after their daimyō (feudal lord) Asano Naganori was compelled to perform seppuku (ritual suicide) for assaulting a court official named Kira Yoshinaka, whose title was Kōzuke no suke. After waiting and planning for a year, the rōnin avenged their master's honor by killing Kira.

Feudal lords were equipped with extensive rights and duties. On the other hand, a fief was formally a dominium directum of the King. It would as such return to the Crown when a title became extinct (see for example Barony of Rosendal) or when a feudal lord was sentenced for disloyalty (see for example Countship of Griffenfeld). The main architect behind the new system of barons and counts, introduced in 1671, was Peder Schumacher, who himself was ennobled as Peder Schumacher Griffenfeld in 1671 and created Count of Griffenfeld in 1673.

After reversion of the feud in 1675 Margrave Frederick of Baden gave Münzesheim to his two illegitimate sons, which styled themselves Barons of Münzesheim. Friedrich August of Münzesheim sold the community in 1761 back to the feudal lord, but Baden had to recognize the tax sovereignty of the Kraichgauer knighthood until 1805. From 1805 to 1807 Münzesheim belonged to the District Office Bretten, then to the Town Office Gochsheim. Finally in 1813 temporarily to the city office and the first land office Bruchsal and from December 1813 to the district office Bretten again.

The temple was founded by Gyōki in 717 A.D. It was razed in 835 A.D., however, it was restored by the Buddhist priest Ennin in 847. In the Kyōroku era around the year 1530 A.D., the temple was burnt down in a war. In 1542, however, the main hall was rebuilt by Tsukushi Korekado (筑紫惟門) who ruled the area. Later, in the Edo period, Kiyama became a part of Tsushima Province, and Sō Yoshinari, the feudal lord of Tsushima Domain helped rebuilt the temple in 1624.

Neither John nor the rebel barons seriously attempted to implement the peace accord. The rebel barons suspected that the proposed baronial council would be unacceptable to John and that he would challenge the legality of the charter; they packed the baronial council with their own hardliners and refused to demobilise their forces or surrender London as agreed.Turner, pp. 189–190. Despite his promises to the contrary, John appealed to Innocent for help, observing that the charter compromised the Pope's rights under the 1213 agreement that had appointed him John's feudal lord.

Since the topography was not well-suited for agriculture, the place became a fashionable summer resort by the mid 19th century. Hundreds of daytrippers would travel to Sainte-Pétronille by ferry for a Sunday stroll. In 1868, it became home to North America's first golf course, a three-hole course. The religious parish of Sainte-Pétronille de Beaulieu was formed in 1870, named after Saint Petronilla (a Roman martyr of the first century), and honouring Jacques Gourdeau, sieur de Beaulieu et de la Grossardière, feudal lord of the area in the mid-17th century.

These would then be arranged in a ritually correct pattern before being buried on the mountain. In the Spring and Autumn period (771-476 ) the vassal states of Qi and Lu bordered Mount Tai to the north and south respectively, from where their feudal lords both made independent sacrifices on Mount Tai. According to Zhou ritual belief, the spirit of Mount Tai would only accept sacrifices offered by a feudal lord, leading Confucius (in his Analects 3.6) to criticize the ministers who offered state sacrifices here after usurping power.

Wooden statue of Matsukura Shigemasa was a Japanese feudal lord of the late Sengoku and early Edo periods. He held the title of Bingo no Kami and the Imperial court rank of junior 5th, lower grade (ju-go i no ge). Though he began as a retainer of Tsutsui Sadatsugu of Yamato Province, he became a lord in his own right, acquiring the 60,000 koku Shimabara Domain in Kyushu, in 1600. He is most famous for being the lord whose domain was the center of the Shimabara Rebellion of 1638.

The center of St. Wendel supposedly was the farm of a feudal lord named Baso from the Merovingian period (late 6th century), so the city was originally named Basonevillare ("farm of Baso"). Baso's farm was situated on Bosenberg's western side between the river Todtbach and the river Bosenbach. This term would probably have developed into "Bosenweiler" were it not for the local admiration of Wendelin. (Compare the names Bosenweiler, Bosenberg and Bosenbach, in which Baso's name has survived.) In the mid-7th century the Bishop of Verdun, Paulus, bought Basonvillare.

In 1219, Vitslav took part in a campaign by his feudal lord, the King of Denmark Valdemar II, to Estonia. Following the resignation of his brother, Barnuta, Vitslav I was mentioned in documents in 1221 as the Prince of Rügen. This year is also first time that there is a record of German settlers in the mainland territories of Rügen. In subsequent years, he again took part in wars on the side of Valdemar II, for example, in 1225 at the Battle of Mölln and in 1227 at the Battle of Bornhöved.

As such they tended to support the Welsh princes in their struggles against King Edward I of England and the Marcher Lords. Because of this the Abbey suffered much damage during the Welsh wars of independence, and by the fourteenth century was in a state of poverty. In 1332, the local feudal lord, John de Cherleton, accused the abbot and monks of working against English rule in Wales; he evicted all the Welsh monks, sending them to English houses, and replacing them with English monks from Buildwas Abbey in Shropshire.

Sculptures in the temple include those of the Hindu god Narasimha (holding a gunja berry and stalk) and the demon King Hiranyakashipu. According to the British Raj era historian and epigraphist B. Lewis Rice, the temple was in the patronage of the Dalavoy of Mysore ("feudal lord") with an annual maintenance. Records indicate the temple underwent repairs and embellishments during this time.Rice B.L. (1887), p312, Mysore: A Gazetteer Compiled for Government - vol 2, Asian Educational Services, The temple is a protected monument under the Karnataka state division of the Archaeological Survey of India.

It states that the kings of Bhoja, Matsya, Madra, Kuru, Yadu, Yavana, Avanti, Gandhara and Kira (possibly Kangra) attended the imperial assembly and approved it. It further states that Dharmapala granted four villages to a feudal lord called Naryanavarman for the construction and maintenance of a temple dedicated to the Lord Nanna-Narayana, with the boundaries of the donated villages including a shrine constructed for the Goddess Kadamvari. ; Nalanda Copper Plate : This plate is partially damaged due to burning. The name of the donor is not clear, but his father's name is Dharmadatta.

7 but the founder had no proprietary rights.c. 31, C. XVI, q. 7 In the countries occupied by the Germanic tribes, on the basis of the individual temple and church rights found in their national laws, the builder of a church, the feudal lord or the administrator possessed full right of disposal over the church founded or possessed by him, as his own church (ecclesia propria) and over the ecclesiastics appointed by him. However, the appointment and dismissal of ecclesiastics at least formally was made subject to the consent of the bishop.c.

Francis William Lionel Collings Beaumont was born on 6 August 1903 at Lawshall in Suffolk. He was the second child of Dudley and Sibyl Beaumont, daughter of William Frederick Collings, who ruled the island of Sark as seigneur (feudal lord). Sark is a self-governing territory that is part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a British Crown Dependency in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy. The island has been called one of the last feudal outposts in Western Europe, a term used by Beaumont's mother to describe the island's political system.

Penn inherited the position of Proprietor of the Colony of Pennsylvania for the British Crown in 1718 along with his brothers John and Richard on the death of their father William Penn, until 1746 when John died. Thomas continued as the Proprietor with Richard's son, John, and his own son John Penn until 1775. He tried to bring his family out of the debt that had plagued his father. He asserted his independence from the Quakers, and tried to assert his control of the colony almost as a feudal lord.

Rokurokubi (ろくろ首) is a tale from Lafcadio Hearn’s Kwaidan. It features a monster by the same name (actually a classification error took place; in reality it features a nukekubi, not a rokurokubi). It features a protagonist who exemplifies the values of the time and age. His name is Isogai Heidazaemon Taketsura and was a vassal in the service of the feudal lord Kikuji. When Isogai’s master was defeated, instead of finding another master to serve, he became an itinerant priest and assumed the name Kwairyō.

The Battle of Lochaber was a battle fought in 1429, in the Scottish Highlands, between the forces of Alexander of Islay, Earl of Ross, 3rd Lord of the Isles and chief of Clan Donald against the Royalist army of King James I of Scotland. It is known as the Battle of Split Allegiances among the Camerons. This is explained either by the fact that they deserted when faced with the prospect of supporting their feudal lord against their king, or that different factions in the clan lined up on both sides.

A decorative bronze ax-head, dated 13th to 11th century BC, Shang Dynasty Early Chinese armies were relatively small affairs. Composed of peasant levies, usually serfs dependent upon the king or the feudal lord of their home state, these armies were relatively ill-equipped. While organized military forces had existed along with the state, few records remain of these early armies. These armies were centered around the chariot-riding nobility, who played a role akin to the European Knight as they were the main fighting force of the army.

He left behind a widow, sister of an Armenian bishop of Syunik, and a young son Liparit. These quickly became, involuntarily, the wife and stepson of a Muslim notable in Nakhchivan. In 1211 a combined Armenian and Georgian army under Zakare and Ivane Mkhargrdzeli wrested control of Syunik from the Ildenizid atabeg state. Remembering the Orbelians—whose dominant role in Georgia the Mkhargrdzelis had since filled—Ivane made a search, located Liparit thanks to the bishop brother-in- law, and established him as feudal lord of Vayots Dzor.

Furthermore, it was here that Louis reconciled with his sons. In 1232, Bürstadt passed, along with the Lorsch Imperial Abbey to the Archbishopric of Mainz. In 1427, Bürstadt was enfeoffed to the Lords of Wattenheim, but with Peter von Wattenheim’s death in 1440, the holdings passed back to the monastery at Worms. In 1443, Bishop Johann of Worms gave the village and court of Bürstadt to Konrad von Frankenstein, who was the first feudal lord from the Frankenstein noble family in the Amt zum Stein in a line that was to last until 1780.

Some Polish cities had the de non tolerandis Judaeis "privilege", which meant that they were able to exclude Jews from the area under the town's jurisdiction. Many Jews were often still able to remain within city limits, while others lived in jurydykas, areas typically under feudal jurisdiction outside city walls. Jews also lived in shtetls, their own small countryside towns, existing under protection of a feudal lord. Jews usually functioned under the Jewish court system, subject to noble (sejm mandated) courts in case of conflict with municipal authorities or other Christians and in appellate cases.

Overnight the Prasadam turned magically into a little baby girl. Bermanna, realising that the baby was a gift from Brahma himself, brought her up as his own daughter naming her ‘’Siri’. Siri grew up to be a beautiful maiden. Kantha Poonja, a minor Bunt Feudal Lord of Basrur Beedu fiefdom longed to marry her. His mother Sankari Poonjedi arranged for her son’s marriage to Siri by promising Bermanna Alva that Kantha Poonja would look after the administration of both the principalities (Majaluttu Beedu and Basrur Beedu) without any difference of rank.

Rent-seeking implies extraction of uncompensated value from others without making any contribution to productivity. The classic example of rent-seeking, according to Robert Shiller, is that of a feudal lord who installs a chain across a river that flows through his land and then hires a collector to charge passing boats a fee to lower the chain. There is nothing productive about the chain or the collector. The lord has made no improvements to the river and is not adding value in any way, directly or indirectly, except for himself.

Deposits have been discovered belonging to the Neolithic (5,000 BC), Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iberian and Roman eras. These settlements formed the basis for the establishment of Muslim hamlets in different parts of the municipality. The origin of Callosa (meaning probably "land hard, dry" in Latin) is an ancient Muslim farmhouse, after the Christian reconquest by the king James I of Aragon in the s. XIII, the property was acquired by Admiral Bernat de Sarrià in 1290 during the reign of Alfonso III of Aragon, becoming its first feudal lord.

It is said that Nyakutakuji Temple was founded by Gyoki (668-749) a Buddhist priest between 749 and 758, in the Nara period. During the Edo period, Nyakutakuji Temple was given ten koku of territory (koku is a denomination of land) by the feudal lord of Matsumoto, so its perimeter was about 13 kilometers and it established five branch temples. The temple prospered until the late Edo Period, and the famous author, Jippensha Ikku, stopped there. The temple prospered and was considered the "Nikkō of the Hida District".

Nikita Online is a Russian publisher and developer of online games. Founded in 1991 and originally named NIKITA, it became the first Russian game company. Currently Nikita Online operates with 19 titles in Russia, CIS and Baltic States. Those are online client games 4Story, Asda Story 2, Divine Souls, Dragon Knight, Avatarika, Karos Online, King of Kings 3, Rappelz, World of Dragons, Sphere, Sphere: Reborn, Dragona Online as well as browser-based I, the Feudal Lord, Lost Magic, FUBAR, The Panic Room: Outrage, The Kingdom, Ceiron Wars and Reborn Horizon.

Under the Tempō Reforms, printing blocks of erotic literature, as well as the novels of Tamenaga Shunsui and Tanehiko Ryūtei were among those seized. Their early bans focused on Christian books, military books (gunsho), mainly as a way to restrict regional Daimyo, feudal lord, from using Christianity as a political ideology and challenge the Bakufu's new rule while imposing their moral authority. As military and political instability settled, the shogunate turned their gaze on social unrest. They were noting an increase in civil disobedience and satirical criticism using literature and theater coming from ordinary people.

David Bruce, King of Scotland, acknowledges Edward III of England as his feudal lord (1346), in a ms of Froissart's Chronicles, c.1410 A commendation ceremony (commendatio) is a formal ceremony that evolved during the Early Medieval period to create a bond between a lord and his fighting man, called his vassal. The first recorded ceremony of commendatio was in 7th century France, but the relationship of vassalage was older, and predated even the medieval formulations of a noble class. The lord's "man", might be born unfree, but the commendatio freed him.

Local Muslims had left with their belongings prior to Serbian forces reaching Vranje, and other Muslims of the wider rural area experienced tensions with Serbian neighbours who fought against and eventually evicted them from the area. The Serbians were warmly received by the inhabitants of Vranje, and the town was decorated with Serbian flags and kilims. Around 1:00 pm on 31 January 1878, Belimarković marched solemnly into the town together with the command of the Šumadija Corps. Vranje was formally surrendered to the Serbian army by the prominent Ottoman feudal lord Ramiz Paša Husejinpašić.

The traditional history of traces its origin to a crafthouse known as during the reign of the legendary Emperor Knowledge of the method of silk production, developed by its founder, , was said to have immediately spread out to the district and beyond. Another account identified the period (14th-16th century) as the period when was developed. It is said that the feudal lord of a farmer family in the Hitachi Province sent fabric to a governor called every year as a gift. Developing from earlier silk techniques, the name was adopted in 1602.

A jemadar was originally an armed official of a zamindar (feudal lord) in India who, like a military general, and along with Mridhas, was in charge of fighting and conducting warfare, mostly against the rebellious peasants and common people who lived on the lord's land. Also, this rank was used among the thuggees as well, usually the gang leader. Later, it became a rank used in the British Indian Army, where it was the lowest rank for a Viceroy's commissioned officer. Jemadars either commanded platoons or troops themselves or assisted their British commander.

Born to Katsujirō Matsukawa as the eldest daughter in Aizu (Aizuwakamatsu post 1868), named according to the year on Chinese calendar when she was born. At the age of one in 1868, her father left his family as an espionage who served for Aizu clan against the revolutionist during Boshin war, and the next year, he was relocated to Tonami, the present day Mutsu with his feudal lord. Kashi, her mother and the newborn sister Miya endured poverty and adverse circumstances during that period in Aizu, while Kashi's mother died in 1870.

The Honzon Acala was chosen due to an experience Kukai had during a storm while returning to Japan, in which Acala was said to have appeared and cut the waves with a sword, saving them, which Kukai had carved as the Honzon. The temple was in ruins by the beginning of the Edo period (1603-1868), but the second feudal lord of the Tosa domain, Yamauchi Tadayoshi, had it restored during the Shōhō era (1644-1648). However, due to an earthquake and tsunami in 1707, it was rebuilt near the end of the Edo period.

One further reference from Cerverí, however, throws the identification of Guillem Ramon the troubadour with the canon into doubt. Cerverí, in his Testament (1274), says that En PoncetOr Ponzet, a diminutive of Pons, probably referring to Pouzet, whose name also means "little thumb". is grateful to the don de Gironella (lord of Gironella), but Guillem Ramon was not the feudal lord of Gironella nor even a nobleman, but a cleric. Whether Cerverí was confused or Guillem Ramon only took up his clerical career late in life is not known.

In 1093, he arrested the powerful feudal lord Liparit Baghvashi, a long-time enemy of the Georgian crown, and expelled him from Georgia (1094). After the death of Liparit’s son Rati, David abolished their duchy of Kldekari in 1103. He slowly pushed the Seljuk Turks out of the country, recovering more and more land from them as they were now forced to focus not only on the Georgians but the newly begun Crusades in the eastern Mediterranean.Fighting against the Seljuks, Georgia and the Crusaders developed fairly friendly relations.

The name Lourinhã possibly originated in the period of Roman domination, when a villa was located in the area. The origin of the medieval village is linked to Jordan, a French knight who took part in the successful Siege of Lisbon in 1147. King Afonso Henriques granted Jordan the region of Lourinhã as fief and allowed him to grant a foral (letter of feudal rights) to its settlers in 1160. The name Lourinhã may be related to the origin of its feudal lord, since Jordan was from the Loire region in France.

In a remote village at Karnataka-Maharashtra border in India, the poor residents follow Devadasi tradition according to which young girls are given up in the service of Goddess Yellamma. The landlords, priests and other men take advantage of these young girls and pimps like Veerapppan take them to brothels in Bombay. Bhashya, a laborer and his wife Hanumi lead an attempt at awakening against the practice by deciding to save Laksmi from becoming a Devadasi with the help of Masterji, going against the powerful feudal lord Desai.

Though Trung Từ succeeded in disposing of the former royalties of the Lý dynasty, his internal insight was doubtful. His "Bộ tướng", or lower ranked general Nguyễn Tự wanted to dispose of his son-in-law, Nguyễn Ma La and tried to betray Trung Từ, which Tô Trung later found out when one of Nguyễn Tự's lower generals reported this news to him. In response, Từ stripped Nguyễn Tự of his military position. Tự later fled away to Quốc Oai where he later ruled as a feudal lord.

Feilian (蜚廉) of the Yíng (皋) family was the General and feudal lord under King Zhou of Shang. After the fall of the Shang Dynasty, the Yíng tribe moved to Shanxi and Gansu. story of 蜚廉 The Yíng (皋) family's, Feizi (非子, Biza) received the Qin County (秦邑) in Shanxi, from the Government of King Xiao of Zhou, thereby beginning the Qin Dynasty lineage. The Bai people, of the old Chinese Yíng, the Xu people, the Qiang people, and some Nomad Chinese are found in the area of the Qin (state).

He was initially closely aligned to the patriots who were demanding reforms, and full of enthusiasm published booklet after booklet in support of the Revolution. Although he was the feudal lord of Pantin (near Paris), he even had printed the cahiers de doléances ("lists of grievances") of his own parish, accompanied by his own annotations. As Lacretelle observed, "He initially turned to the ideas of freedom: but soon, the abuses that were made of it turned him against them". Faithful to the king and religion, he was then imprisoned as a counter-revolutionary.

The name Hirano probably goes back to the end of the Heian period, and was formally known as Hirano-shou in Sumiyoshi-gun (district) of the Settsu province. The second son of Sakanoue no Tamuramaro, Sakanoue no Hirono, was the feudal lord in charge of the development of Hirano and was called Hirano-tono (tono being the title given to noblemen). There are a couple of theories as to the origin of the name Hirano. One is that it is a corruption or mispronunciation of the word kouya (広野).

1282 brought him other manors including Morpeth in Northumberland and its appurtenances. In 1297 he was enfeoffed as tenant-in-chief (feudal lord) of the entire barony of Greystoke, seated at Greystoke in Cumberland but with Yorkshire estates, through his matrilineal Greystok descent. He entered upon these in his own right in 1306. Having served in the retinue of Aymer de Valence, during the first decade of Edward II's reign he remained dependable as a military leader and royal lieutenant in the defence administration of the northern counties and Scottish marches.

Araki Murashige was a retainer of Ikeda Katsumasa, head of the powerful Ikeda clan of Settsu Province. Under Katsumasa, Murashige sided with Oda Nobunaga following Nobunaga's successful campaign to establish power in Kyoto. Murashige became a retainer of Oda Nobunaga and daimyō (feudal lord) of Ibaraki Castle in 1573 and gained further notoriety through military exploits across Japan. He commanded part of Nobunaga's army in the ten-year siege of the Ishiyama Honganji, but was accused in 1578 of sympathies to the Mōri clan, one of Nobunaga's enemies, by Akechi Mitsuhide.

The third seat went to Baathist Jafar Sharafeddin, who was supported by Karami in the 1958 Civil War. Saeb Salam (left) and ally Kamal Jumblatt (right) in Damascus, 1958 Kazem al-Khalil, Tyre's main feudal lord and long- time MP, who already lost the elections in 1960 and 1964, came in at a close fourth place. Hence, the former minister complained about "armed demonstrations, bribery, and arrests". While the extent of apparent irregularities could not be determined, there is evidence that Khalil himself had sought financial assistance from the US Embassy in Beirut.

He is the one who suggests Pars retreat in their second war with Lusitania, due to the many unfavorable variables the environment presented, but the concerns fell on deaf ears; his concerns were justified as Pars fell to Lusitania in the battle. He is very protective of Arslan and protects him with all of his being; his uncle Vahrez told him to swear, by his sword, his allegiance to prince Arslan. ; : : :The tactician of Arslan's party and an excellent swordsman. The former feudal lord of Daylam and Daryun's friend since their childhood.

In all of these ways, the allod differed from fiefs, which were mere tenures held by feudatories (Lehnsmänner) or their vassals (Vasallen). Overall suzerainty in a fief remained with the feudal lord, who could require of his vassals certain services which varied from vassal to vassal. Also, the ownership of a fief was split so that a lord had dominium directum and his tenant in fee had dominium utile (German nutzbares Eigentum). By contrast, an allodiary had a full freehold interest — or dominium plenum (volles Eigentum) — in his allod.

Mariátegui conceived the problem of the Indian not as a racial, administrative, legal, educational or ecclesiastical issue, but as a substantial economic problem whose origin was in the unjust system of land ownership concentrated in a few hands (gamonalismo or latifundismo); as long as this form of property subsisted, any attempt to solve the Indian's problem would be unsuccessful. The gamonalismo was opposed successfully to all law or ordinance of indigenous protection. The hacendado, latifundista, or gamonal was practically a feudal lord. In front of him, the law was impotent.

Six hundred years after Sir Nicholas Colfox (on the instructions of Richard II and his feudal lord, the Duke of Norfolk) was involved in the murder of the King's uncle, Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester (1397),Rot Parl III, 452b and Froissart (ed Kervyn) XVI, 290 Sir Philip had returned Colfoxs to the national scene. Sir Nicholas was pardoned by King Henry IV in 1404.Cal Pat R 5 Hen IV II 381 Colfox's family had a long connection with Symondsbury, Bridport. The family is first mentioned in the town records in 1280.

In 1629, the Dutch West India Company introduced the Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions, a series of inducements commonly known as the patroon system. Invested members could receive vast land patents and manorial rights, somewhat reminiscent of a feudal lord, if they were willing to fulfill certain conditions, including transporting and settling at least 50 persons. A number of attempts were made, but the only notable success was the Manor of Rensselaerswyck. Pavonia, across the river from New Amsterdam, was returned to the company and became a company-managed holding.

Homage of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis Before a lord could grant land (a fief) to someone, he had to make that person a vassal. This was done at a formal and symbolic ceremony called a commendation ceremony, which was composed of the two-part act of homage and oath of fealty. During homage, the lord and vassal entered into a contract in which the vassal promised to fight for the lord at his command, whilst the lord agreed to protect the vassal from external forces. Fealty comes from the Latin fidelitas and denotes the fidelity owed by a vassal to his feudal lord.

Four banal at Urval, Dordogne, France The four banal (English: common oven) was a feudal institution in medieval France. The feudal lord (French: seigneur) often had, among other banal rights, the duty to provide and the privilege to own all large ovens within his fief, each operated by an ovenmaster or fournier. In exchange, personal ovens were generally outlawed and commoners were thus compelled to use the seigniorial oven to bake their bread. Such use was subject to payment, in kind or money, originally intended merely to cover the costs associated to the construction, maintenance and operation of the oven.

Whether intentionally or not, these foundations also proved very resilient against Japan's frequent earthquakes. This period saw the climax of earlier developments towards larger buildings, more complex and concentrated construction, and more elaborate design, both externally and in the castles' interiors. European castle design began to have an impact as well in this period, though the castle had long been in decline in Europe by this point. In Japanese politics and warfare, the castle served not only as a fortress, but as the residence of the daimyō (feudal lord), and as a symbol of his power.

The arms of the landgraves of Thuringia In 1040 the Ludovingians, a dynasty from Upper Franconia (then Upper East Franconia), became the rulers of territories northern Thuringia, which at that time were part of the duchy of Saxony. Later generations of the house gained control of more of Thuringia and parts of West Franconia around Hessengau (today northern Hesse) and became counts palatine of Saxony. In 1137 they became landgraves, a position comparable to that of a duke and which was imperially immediate (i.e. they were subject only to the emperor and not to any intermediate feudal lord).

Here Pierre was left behind, as he proved to be too sick to continue the voyage. Still under contract of service to the VOC, Pierre was then indentured to a succession of local families as a private school master, and later became sexton of the fledgling Drakenstein congregation. Upon his release from his VOC contract, he sent for his wife and children, who joined him ten years after his original departure from Holland. Pierre purchased a portion of land and named it Pontac, after the feudal lord of the region of his origin in France, the Duke of Pontacq.

The group, with the legal authority and financial assistance of Doi, buy the help of the town of Ochiai in order to create a trap. They also enlist the help of Makino, a feudal lord whose daughter-in-law was raped and son murdered by Naritsugu. With troops, Makino blocks the official highway, forcing Naritsugu to head into the trap; Makino then disembowels himself to conceal his own involvement in the conspiracy. During the assassins' journey to the town, they are attacked by masterless samurai who have been paid off by Hanbei to kill the plotters.

Kasama Inari Shrine ( ) is one of the three largest Inari Okami shrines in Japan, having been awarded the ancient court rank of Senior First Grade. According to legends associated with the shrine, it was founded in 651 during the reign of Emperor Kotoku, indicating a history extending over some thirteen centuries. During the Tokugawa or Edo period, Kasama Inari Shrine received the devoted patronage of the feudal lord of the Kasama Domain, and spread its influence not only through the Kantō region but throughout all of Japan. At present, the shrine is visited by more than 3.5 million pilgrims each year.

In 1660, he was given the title Maestre de Campo General of the natives Arayat, Candaba and Apalit for his aid in suppressing the Kapampangan Revolt of 1660. Don Juan Macapagal was also one of the few natives of the Philippines to become an encomendero or a feudal lord under the Spanish crown. In order to gain his support suppressing the Ilocano Revolt of 1661, the Spanish crown awarded him an encomienda or a fief that once belonged to ex-Governor General Don Diego Fajardo y Chacon. The fief was worth 500 ducados of tributes of Negritos from the province of Zambales.

This also brings with it the idea of being willing to give one's life for another's; whether he would be giving his life for a poor man or his lord. #Duties to God: this would contain being faithful to God, protecting the innocent, being faithful to the church, being the champion of good against evil, being generous and obeying God above the feudal lord. #Duties to women: this is probably the most familiar aspect of chivalry. This would contain what is often called courtly love, the idea that the knight is to serve a lady, and after her all other ladies.

Buildings of Preveli Monastery. Piso (Rear) Preveli Monastery Kato (Lower) Preveli Monastery Kato (Lower) Preveli Monastery The Holy StavropegiacStavropegial - OrthodoxWiki and Patriarchal Preveli Monastery of St. John the Theologian, known as the Monastery of Preveli, comprises two main building complexes, the ruined Lower Monastery of St. John the Baptist, and the currently operational Upper (Rear) Monastery of St. John the Theologian. The monastery was probably founded in the Middle Ages, during the occupation of Crete by the Republic of Venice, its founder being a feudal lord named Prevelis. It developed over several centuries as a religious and cultural centre for the local population.

Michael Loewe and Edward L. Shaughnessy, eds., The Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 B.C. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 328. Shanxi province, ancient state of Jin, Middle Eastern Zhou dynasty, late Spring and Autumn or early Warring States period, about 500-450 BC In Late Western Zhou, sets of ding and gui were used to indicate rank; a feudal lord would be entitled to nine ding and six gui, while lesser officials were entitled to a smaller number of vessels.Jessica Rawson, Chinese Bronzes: Art and Ritual (London: British Museum, 1987), 41.

Vardan Mamikonian is the father of Vardeni Mamikonian, known Shushanik, born around 409 AD. Shushanik married Varsken, a prominent Mihranid feudal lord (pitiakhsh). When Varsken took a pro-Persian position renouncing Christianity and adopting Zoroastrianism, he tried to force his wife Shushanik to convert as well, but she refused vehemently to submit and abandon her Christian faith, so she was put to death in AD 475 on her husband's orders. Shushanik has been canonized by the Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic Church and is venerated by the Armenian Apostolic Church. Known as Saint Shushanik, her feast day is celebrated on October 17.

Evidence of the events that took place during the years of Hohenstaufen domination in southern Italy is lacking. The policy of centralization of power begun by Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen and his intolerance towards the barons suggest that in that period the house of Sannicandro was not granted to any feudal lord. In 1242 original Byzantine structure was completed by the Houhenstaufen emperor, who added the outside section in order to transform it into a fortified residential castle. An outer wall, 1.58 meters wide, surrounded, in fact, the perimeter of the manor, which was protected by a new moat.

The representative function of the stadtholder became obsolete in the rebellious northern Netherlands – the feudal Lord himself having been abolished – but the office nevertheless continued in these provinces who now united themselves into the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. All stadtholders after William I were drawn from his descendants or the descendants of his brother, who were also the descendants of his granddaughter Albertina Agnes of Nassau-Orange. In 1795 the Republic was overthrown by Napoleon and replaced with the Batavian Republic. In 1806 Napoleon abolished the new republic and made his brother King of Holland.

Portrait of Shimazu Tadayoshi was a daimyō (feudal lord) of Satsuma Province during Japan's Sengoku period. He was born into the Mimasaka Shimazu family (伊作島津家), which was part of the Shimazu clan, but after his father Shimazu Yoshihisa died, his mother married Shimazu Unkyu of another branch family, the Soshū (相州家). Tadayoshi thus came to represent two families within the larger Shimazu clan. Shimazu Katsuhisa, who presided over the Shimazu family, did not have a son and he was driven out by Shimazu Sanehisa, who was the head of yet another branch, the Sasshū (薩州家).

The island of Sark forms part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey which with the Bailiwick of Jersey form the Channel Islands. Offered the opportunity to evacuate the island in June 1940, most locally born islanders decided to stay. The remaining 470 civilians would be subject to German rule for the next five years, until Sark was liberated on 10 May 1945. The main contact between the Sark residents and the German authorities in 1940 was 56-year old Sibyl Hathaway, the Dame of Sark, who was Seigneur of Sark (feudal lord) from 1927 until her death in 1974.

In 1618, he was named Governor-general of Norway which included the traditional role as feudal lord to Akershus in Norway. Juel proved to be an energetic and active governor, both on the Crown’s and on his own behalf. King Christian IV was occupied with the Thirty Years' War which left Juel with substantial latitude to apply his own judgment. He enacted a garrison tax in 1627, which financed the manning of fortresses at Akershus, Båhus, Bergen and Trondheim, and served as the foundation of an independent Norwegian defense organization, based on a strengthened peasant militia.

Wormleighton manor is a fine example of the Tudor architecture that appeared during the reign of Henry VIII. The wealthy Spencer family, who built their fortune on the production of wool in Warwickshire in the 15th century, first became linked to Wormleighton in 1469, when John Spencer became feoffee (feudal lord) and a tenant at Althorp in 1486. John Spencer's nephew, John, traded in livestock and other commodities and saved enough money to purchase both the Wormleighton and Althorp lands outright. Wormleighton Manor gatehouse entrance in 1613 soon after completion. Wormleighton was bought in 1506, the manor house was completed in 1512.

In its middle reaches the Sendai River emerges from the Chūgoku Mountains and flows northward through the Tottori Plain. The microrelief of the Tottori Plain reveals that the Sendai once meandered across the plain, rather than following a straight course. Two major canals have been constructed from the Sendai on the Tottori Plain: the from its right (eastern) bank, and the , also known as the Ōide River, from its left (western) bank. Original construction on the Ōide Canal was carried out in 1600 by the feudal lord (1557 - 1612) in order to open arable land in the region.

Bronze Vessel of Shu Feng, British Museum. 12th Century BCE-11 Century BCE Shu of Wey–Kang or Kang-shu of Wey (), Shu Feng of Kang (), also known as given name Feng (封), Temple name Liezu (烈祖)Guoyu, Volume 15, Jinyu 9 was a Zhou dynasty feudal lord and the founder of the state of Wey. He was the ninth son of Ji Chang. Feng was also the full-brother of King Wu of Zhou, Duke of Zhou, Shu Zhenduo of Cao and Gao the Duke of Bi. Shu Feng was at first the lord of Kang (康).

Though seniors were usually referred to as sensei (teacher), some pupils addressed their instructors as tonosama, an honorific title for a feudal lord. Though apprentices were there to learn, they also constituted a valuable labour pool, with their artistic output contributing financially to the school.Jordan 2003, 52 Typically, the head would first outline in detail the overall composition, and pupils would then divide up the supplementary tasks.Sasaki 1993, 48 This benefited both school and patron, allowing the former to take on large scale commissions, and ensuring the latter timely completion of their orders under the ultimate accountability of the house head.

With these extensive donations and the expanded powers of the emperor, the Catholic church gradually lost its autonomy. The imperial monasteries and other clerical institutions became so numerous, donations and secular privileges granted them so regular, that they eventually developed into an imperial bureaucracy. The chronicler Thietmar of Merseburg states that the cooperation of Henry II and the bishops of the empire was more intense than any other ruler of the Middle Ages, as the dividing lines between secular and ecclesiastical affairs were blurred beyond recognition. The clergy increasingly viewed Henry II as their feudal lord, particularly with regards to military matters.

The modern district of Nabarangpur was under the territory of the Suryavanshi kings of Jeypore until the dissolution of the princely state in 1951. Historically, the Gajapati kingdom collapsed in 1541 following the death of Prataparudra Deva and successive assassinations of his successors by the royal minister, Govind Vidyadhar. As a result, Vishwanath Dev, ruler of Nandapur and a former feudal lord of Pratap Rudra conquered a large territory that touched Bengal in the north to river Godavari in the south and stretched up to Visakhapatanam in the east till the kingdom of Bastar in the west.Presidency, Madras (1866).

In the 11th century the manor of Le Neubourg was a subsidiary holding of Roger de Beaumont (d.1094), a principal adviser to William the Conqueror, and feudal lord of Beaumont-le-Roger situated 12 km to the SW. He gave the manor to his second son Henry de Beaumont (c.1048-1119), who was created 1st Earl of Warwick in 1088 and who adopted for himself and his descendants the surname "de Newburgh", the Anglicised adjectival form of his Norman lordship. The name was Latinised to de Novo Burgo, meaning "from the new borough/town".

A view of the monastery with Hrelyo's Tower at the foreground The monastery complex covers an area of 8,800 m2 and consists of a church, a defensive tower and monastic apartments encircling an inner yard. The exterior of the complex resembles a fortress with its high stone walls and little windows. The oldest surviving structure is the 23 m high Hrelyo's Tower, constructed in 1334–1335 by orders of the feudal lord Hrelyo. The five-storey tower contains a chapel dedicated to the Transfiguration and decorated frescoes dated from the second half of the 14th century.

In the 11th century, Anselm of Canterbury rejected the ransom view and proposed the satisfaction theory of atonement. He allegedly depicted God as a feudal lord whose honor had been offended by the sins of mankind. In this view, people needed salvation from the divine punishment that these offences would bring, since nothing they could do could repay the honor debt. Anselm held that Christ had infinitely honored God through his life and death and that Christ could repay what humanity owed God, thus satisfying the offence to God's honor and doing away with the need for punishment.

Giuseppe Grassi was born of noble origins: Grassi was an ancient family of 1100 AD derived from William VI, Duke of Aquitaine (descendant of one of the twelve sons of Tancred of Hauteville) and was a feudal lord of Alessano under King William II of Sicily. The original family from Otranto branched out and enjoyed nobility with the predicate of Martano (Lecce). Giuseppe was adopted by his uncle Prince Sebastiano (brother of his mother who died very young) and added to his surname that of Apostolico Orsini Ducas. He was the son of Michelina Apostolico and Pasquale.

A legend links the church to the name of an unidentified local feudal lord named Nikola (Nicholas) as his final resting place, though archaeologist Nikola Mavrodinov considers it more likely that it was possibly a chapel or a cemetery church attached to a larger place of worship. The larger church was perhaps pulled down during the early Ottoman rule of Bulgaria (post-14th century). While the Church of St Nicholas was not destroyed, its renovation was prohibited by the Ottomans, thus it gradually fell into ruin. In his 1931 study, Mavrodinov also writes that at the time, the church lacked a roof.

The ensuing turmoil gave inadvertently rise to the figure of the daimyō feudal lord, although the term wouldn't be in wide use for the first half a century. Many daimyōs were shugo or jitō of gokenin extraction or even noblemen, but most were new faces who had supplanted their superiors. Crucially, because resisting the Ashikaga required a strong central power and a smooth succession, among them inheritance was no longer shared, but passed on intact to a single heir, who often was not even a blood relative, but a promising man adopted specifically to be heir.

Scribe Bratko (Serbian Братко), also known as Pop Bratko, was a 13th-century Serbian Orthodox presbyter and scribe who wrote the liturgical calendar book (menaion) during the rule of Stefan Vladislav I of Serbia for feudal lord Obrad.Blic panorama, 2007.11.20 Molitve pisane na koži (in Serbian) It is the oldest menaion in Serbian literature, written in the Serbian recension of Old Church Slavonic (Old Serbian). The menaion is composed of four parts, grouped in "services" of September and November (last fourth of the 13th century), and "festivity" for the rest of the months (first half of the 14th century).

John Corvinus accepted Vladislaus as his feudal lord and helped him in his coronation (he personally handed the crown to him). Vladislaus married widowed Queen Beatrice in order to acquire her assets of 500,000 forints. This would have allowed him to cover the expenses of the Black Army stationed in Moravia and upper Silesia and the cost of transporting them home to Upper Hungary to defend it from the Polish army of John Albert. John Filipec, on the behalf of the new king, helped to convince Silesian Black Army leader John Haugwitz to return to duty in exchange for 100,000 forints.

An alleged coup attempt planned by Mustafa Khar during his exile during General Zia ul Haq's reign was thwarted beforehand due to Seth Abid playing double agent and informing the military about the plot. Allegedly, some disgruntled army officers were provided details of a safe house where weapons procured from India directly by Mustafa Khar after negotiating with an Indian agent in their London High Commission. This has been discussed in great length and detail by Tehmina Durrani in her award-winning book 'My Feudal Lord' where she admits to playing a passive role under duress of her then husband Mustafa Khar.

The construction of the bridge was begun by İbrahim Pasha on 16 August 1526 following the orders of Suleiman the Magnificent. The bridge, which connected Osijek and Darda, took the form of a wooden road on piers and was approximately long and wide. Seen as a great threat to Christian Europe the bridge was attacked several times, being destroyed in 1664, when it was set on fire on the orders of Croatian feudal lord Nicholas VII of Zrin (, ). The bridge was rebuilt during the rule of Suleiman II. Finally, it was burned down by the Habsburg armies in 1686.

By 1335 a settlement on the dam (causeway) towards the convent developed, forming a free dam adopting the modern Northern Low Saxon name Niewohl (Germanised as Neuenwalde). In the law system of the Bremen prince- archbishopric a free dam (Freier Damm) formed an immunity district (Freiheit) usually inhabited by mere cotters directly under the say of the local feudal lord, here the convent, exempt from sovereign archiepiscopal jurisdiction.Otto Merker, Die Ritterschaft des Erzstifts Bremen im Spätmittelalter: Herrschaft und politische Stellung als Landstand (1300–1550), Stade: Stader Geschichts- und Heimatverein, 1962 (=Einzelschriften des Stader Geschichts- und Heimatvereins; vol. 16), p. 61, simultaneously Hamburg, Univ.

The Battle of Shimonoseki Straits (Japanese:下関海戦, Shimonoseki Kaisen) was a naval engagement fought on July 16, 1863, by the United States Navy warship against the powerful daimyō (feudal lord) Mōri Takachika of the Chōshū clan based in Shimonoseki. USS Wyoming under Captain David McDougal, sailed into the strait and single-handedly engaged the US-built but poorly manned Japanese fleet. Engaged for almost two hours before withdrawing, McDougal sank two enemy vessels and severely damaged the other one, and inflicted some forty Japanese casualties. Wyoming suffered considerable damage with four crew dead and seven wounded.

" Planning Perspectives. 30.(3): 27-28. "This identity presents itself even in relatively minor details, such as the legend surrounding the city name origin. To date many local residents claim that ‘Gjirokastra’ derives from the name of Princess Argyro, the sister of the local feudal lord, who, during the final siege of the city by the Turks threw herself and her infant son from the fortress battlements into the rocks so as not to be taken alive by the enemy – an unlikely explanation since the first mention of the city’s name appears in Byzantine records, well before the Ottoman conquest.

After a short interlude under William Clito of Normandy (1127 to 1128), the county went to Thierry of Alsace of the House of Alsace. Under Thierry (1128–1168) and his successor Philip of Alsace, Flanders' importance and power increased. In the second half of the 12th century, the county went through a period of great prosperity when Philip of Alsace managed to incorporate the County of Vermandois into Flanders through the inheritance of his wife. The territories he controlled now came to within 25 kilometers of Paris, and were larger than the territories his feudal lord, the French king, directly controlled.

Shizutani school goes back to 1666 when Ikeda Mitsumasa, the feudal lord of the Bizen Area, made an inspection tour throughout the country and came across Kidani Village in Wake, which turned out to be provided with better conditions as a site of education than anywhere else. He then made up his mind to found a school there for the commoners. In 1670, after two years' trial, Tsuda Nagatada, his chief vassal, was set to the duty to complete the school. Since then, this place has been called "Shizu-tani" instead of Ki- dani, meaning "quiet and peaceful valley".

Though the player can still attack with the sickle in this condition, it becomes impossible to dodge enemy projectiles, making it very difficult to progress. The handmaiden character does not appear in the i-appli mobile phone version. A level is completed when the player picks up all eight gold koban coins which are spread throughout the map, or if they capture the daikan (Japanese feudal lord) that can randomly appear during the level. There are eight levels included in the original game, and the Famicom version contains four levels, with four more secret levels where the location of the coins is changed.

The first documentary mention of Bohutice (Bochtitz or Pochtitz) stems from 1253 mentioning a parish church. At the beginning of the 14th century, the village belonged to the Vyšehradská kapitola near Prague. In 1321, Jindřich z Lipé (Heinrich von Leipa on Kromau) procured Bohutice for 2,000 mark. From 1346 to 1356, Bohutice belonged to its feudal lord who was called Voytel of Bohutice (von Bochtitz) and to Miksik von Geiwic. In 1346, Miksik von Geiwic (Mikšík z Kyjovic) sold Bochtitz to the land commander Stibor Pflug and to the pastor of Hosterlitz, Berchtold, for 62 marks and 12 groschen.

He had substantial support though from Guala, who intended to win the civil war for Henry and punish the rebels. Guala set about strengthening the ties between England and the Papacy, starting with the coronation itself, during which Henry gave homage to the Papacy, recognising the Pope as his feudal lord. Pope Honorius III declared that Henry was the Pope's vassal and ward, and that the legate had complete authority to protect Henry and his kingdom. As an additional measure, Henry took the cross, declaring himself a crusader and thereby entitled to special protection from Rome.

As a result of the Napoleonic Wars, by 1806 the Holy Roman Empire was under the control of French emperor Napoleon I. Napoleon dissolved the empire; this had broad consequences for Liechtenstein: imperial, legal and political mechanisms broke down. The state ceased to owe obligations to any feudal lord beyond its borders. In 1798, the Vogtei Rheintal unilaterally declared its independence. In the aftermath of the collapse of the Old Swiss Confederation (resulting from it being completely overrun by the French Revolutionary Armies), on 26 March 1798, a Landsgemeinde in Altstätten promulgated a constitution and elected both a magistrate () and a council ().

The site of the lord's palace The castle was originally built on a nearby mountain (Omatsuyama) in 1240 AD by Akiba Shigenobu. Takahashi Muneyasu constructed a castle on the modern site on Mount Gagyū in 1331, though the design of this castle differed from the one that stands on the site now.Bitchu-Matsuyama Castle When Mimura Motochika became the feudal lord of the region, Matsuyama castle was enlarged again and the site extended to cover the entire mountain. With assistance from the Mōri clan, Mimura Motochika conquered the whole Bitchu area and defended it against the Amako clan.

Carini Castle The building was erected in the late ninth and early twelfth century, certainly on a previous Arab construction, by the first Norman feudal lord Rodolfo Bonello, warrior in the retinue of Count Roger. The excavations carried out during the recent restoration, both in the east and in the north, they have surfaced walls of earlier times to the Norman. The castle has a large courtyard, where there is the residential structure made primarily in two elevations. The ground floor consists of: a room with a cross vault that contains a wall in stone, which originally served as the exterior wall.

George’s childhood coincided with the civil war between his father, Bagrat IV (r. 1027–1072), and the rebellious Georgian feudal lord Liparit, who succeeded in temporarily driving Bagrat into the Byzantine Empire, and crowned George as king at the Ruisi cathedral between 1050 and 1053, under the regency of Bagrat's sister Gurandukht. In fact, Liparit became the master of nearly half of the Georgian kingdom and the most powerful dynast in the country. By 1060, Bagrat IV had been able to secure the throne and made George his heir apparent to whom the Byzantine emperor attached the title of curopalates.

The first recorded evidence of grape growing and wine production dates from the 12th century, when the monks from the Carthusian Monastery of Scala Dei, founded in 1194, introduced the art of viticulture in the area. The prior of Scala Dei ruled as a feudal lord over seven villages in the area, which gave rise to the name Priorat. The monks tended the vineyards for centuries until 1835 when they were expropriated by the state, and distributed to smallholders. At the end of the 19th century, the phylloxera pest devastated the vineyards causing economic ruin and large scale emigration of the population.

During the 13th century the castle was substantially enlarged while under the ownership of the Da Camino family, who lived there from 1233 to 1335. Their architectural additions included surrounding the castle with imposing Guelph- Ghibelline style battlements and building a central tower. Gherardo III da Camino, the great Italian feudal lord and military leader was born in the castle in 1240. The Castle's ownership then passed over to the Republic of Venice, which awarded the Castle's fiefdom first to Marin Faliero and then to the condottieri Giovanni Brandolino and Erasmo da Narni, better known as "Gattamelata".

The city of Saint Gall, whose feudal lord Von Breitenlandenberg was, refused to pay him homage as he wanted to enforce old claims of ownership which the citizens were no longer willing to grant him. Emperor Frederick III, the Swiss people and several nobles were in the subsequent tedious dispute for the independence of the city alternately appealed to by both parties. On 17 August 1451, the abbot formed an eternally valid land law with the confederal cities of Zurich, Lucerne, Schwyz and Glarus. The lawsuit was only settled in 1457, however, thanks to the intermediation of Bern.

In 1707, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur attacked Hansi. Hansi was under Maratha rule in 1736 and, after Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, was lost to Ahmed Shah Abdali. Maharaja Jassa Singh Ramgarhia in 1780s also took this area under his control for some years and then left George Thomas, an Irish mercenary and raider who rose from an ordinary sailor to become a feudal lord (jagirdar), made Hansi as his capital. Hansi was seized by the British East India Company rule in 1802. From 1819–32, Hansi was a District HQ which was later shifted to Hisar in 1832.

The incident took place following a meeting between Higgins and a local Amal leader and led to renewed clashes between Amal and Hezbollah, mainly in Beirut. Amongst the casualties was Amal's leader for South Lebanon leader, Dawood Dawood, causing "an outpour of popular grief in Tyre". Higgins was murdered by his captors after torturous captivity and declared dead in July 1990. The final phase of the Lebanese Civil War in that year coincided with the death of feudal lord and veteran Tyre politician Kazem al-Khalil, who succumbed to a heart-attack in his Paris exile.

Novi was donated to the latter in 1392, but was occupied by the condottiero Facino Cane in 1409–12. In 1447, after the death of Filippo Maria Visconti, the governors of the city decided to free forever from Milan, and gave it to Genoa. Around this time, a feudal lord Galeazzo Cavanna was Signore di Castel Gazzo, a fortress on the edge of the town. However, the Sforza of Milan retained its possession until the defeat of Ludovico il Moro, when it passed to the French until Andrea Doria conquered the city for Genoa in 1529.

As a result, in 1310 he agreed a contract of inheritance at Ribnitz with the Danish king, Eric VI Menved, his feudal lord. The agreement was that in the event of Vitslav dying without issue, the fiefdom of Rügen would be returned to the Danish crown. At that time, Eric VI Menved was attempting to extend his power in the southern Baltic Sea region in order to reduce the influence of Hanseatic towns like Stralsund. To assist him, in addition to the princes of Rügen, the king also had Prince Henry II of Mecklenburg as a vassal.

The Vordenstein domain was created it the 14th century out of the Hof ter Katen and the Hof van de Werve. At that time, the domain had a mainly agrarian function, with the feudal lord leasing patches of the land to various farmers. Starting in the 18th century, the domain gradually evolved into a recreational estate with a castle and an extensive pleasure garden, owned by a succession of wealthy families from Antwerp as a countryside retreat. In 1980 the majority of the park was eventually bought by the Belgian state, and subsequently opened to the public.

According to the Statute, the executive power was in the hand of the Gran Consiglio ("Great council") with 50 members and the Piccolo Consiglio ("Small council") of 25 patricians. The Captain was the representative of the feudal lord (from 1466 the Habsburg archduke). The local executives, giudici rettori ("justice rectors"), have to obey only the lord – from 1466 the duke (later Emperor) of the House of Habsburg. Thus, in its local corporate representation Fiume was a mixture between the local self- government tradition and the Reichsfreiheit or Reichsunmittelbarkeit of the free cities of the Holy Roman Empire.

Memorial plaques in honour of Frankopan and Zrinski written in Latin, German and Croatian in Wiener Neustadt The leaders of the conspiracy were initially ban Nikola Zrinski (viceroy of Croatia) and Hungarian palatine Ferenc Wesselényi (viceroy of Hungary). The conspirators were soon joined by dissatisfied members of the noble families from Croatia and Hungary, like Nikola's brother Petar, Petar´s brother-in-law Fran Krsto Frankopan (), the prince of Transylvania and Petar´s son-in-law Francis I Rákóczi, high justice of the Court of Hungary Franz III. Nádasdy, Esztergom archbishop György Lippay and Erazmo Tatenbach, a feudal lord from Steiermark. The conspiracy and rebellion was entirely led by nobility.

Richard of Wallingford (14th century), constable of Wallingford Castle and landowner in St Albans, played a key part in the English peasants' revolt of 1381. Though clearly not a peasant, he helped organise Wat Tyler’s campaign, and was involved in presenting the rebels’ petition to Richard II. The petition called for an end to feudal serfdom, the ending of services to a feudal lord, to abolish market monopolies and restrictions on buying and selling goods. Tyler refused to accept a charter offered by the king, despite Richard of Wallingford’s encouragement. Richard of Wallingford took a letter from the king to St Albans, where a rebellion was in progress.

Although the first settlement at the site of present- day Głowno is thought to have appeared in the 11th century, the first town was organized in the early 15th century near a trade route from the Duchy of Masovia to the Polish kingdom. Rawa Mazowiecka feudal lord and Sochaczew podczaszy (deputy cup-bearer) Jakub Glowienski founded Głowno's first Roman Catholic church, which was consecrated on March 11, 1420 as the Church of St. Jacob. On Jakub's request, Duke Siemowit V of Masovia granted city rights under Kulm law. The city rights have been maintained until the modern day, with an interruption between the years 1870–1925.

Abbot Walter was also able to hold back an armed force that tried to force its way through the Abbey precinct. Abbot Walter continued to maintain the Abbey's claim to villeinage over the local tenantry as his predecessors had, for example in 1307, when one Richard Payne declared himself to be a freeman, and not a nativi of the Abbot as feudal lord. He also robustly defended his house against the King's own local Justiciar (whom the Abbey's chronicler labels a "tyrant") A mention of Walter in the Calendar of Fine Rolls confirms him to have been still living in November 1311, but as being by now a former Abbot.

In the early fourteenth century, villagers from Darnhall and Over, Cheshire, were in a major dispute with their feudal lord, the Abbot of Vale Royal Abbey, over their bond condition. The Cistercian abbey had been founded by Edward I in 1274 as a result of a vow made after a rough channel crossing. The abbey was unpopular with the locals from the start, as it was granted, as part of its endowment, exclusive forest- and other feudal rights which the local villages had come to see as their own. Moreover, the rigorous enforcement of these rights by successive abbots was felt to be excessively harsh.

In order to protect the feudal landownership, Sudebnik introduced certain limitations in the law of estate, increased the term of limitation of legal actions with regards to princely lands, introduced flagellation for the violation of property boundaries of princely, boyar and monastic lands - violation of peasant land boundaries entailed a fine. Sudebnik also introduced a fee (пожилое, or pozhiloye) for peasants who wanted to leave their feudal lord (Крестьянский выход, or Krestiyansky vykhod), and also established a universal day (November 26) across the Russian state for peasants, who wanted to switch their masters (Юрьев день, or Yuri's Day).English translation by H. W. Dewey.

A critic from The News International praised her saying, "With fewer dialogues and a tough subject at hand, Yumna pulled off her role effortlessly, making it believable from beginning till the end". As of 2018–2019, she appeared in Pukaar as Samra, widow of the feudal lord and appeared in 7th Sky Entertainment's Project Dil Kiya Karey, directed by Mehreen Jabbar. She played a role of Hajra in social drama Inkaar opposite Imran Ashraf and Sami Khan and made special appearance in Angeline Malik's anthology series Choti Choti Batain. She further appeared in an extended cameo in Ishq Zahe Naseeb and as Raina in telefilm Shaadi Impossible.

Their function was generally to represent the abbot in his capacity as feudal lord, act as his representative in the courts of his superior, exercise secular justice in the abbot's name in the abbatial court, and lead the retainers of the abbey to battle under the banner of the patron saint. The advocatus ecclesiae was also known as a custos or adjutator in the 10th and 11th centuries. Initially, only counts and dukes were appointed advocati, but by the end of the 11th century it was being bestowed on mere castellans. The monks usually consulted their advocate before electing a new abbot, giving the advocate influence over the selection.

Pécs Main Square before 2009 County Hall of Baranya Vasváry-House Széchenyi Square A more peaceful era started after 1710. Industry, trade and viticulture prospered, manufactures were founded, a new city hall was built. The feudal lord of the city was the Bishop of Pécs, but the city wanted to free itself from episcopal control. Bishop George Klimó, an enlightened man (who founded the first public library of the country) would have agreed to cede his rights to the city, but the Holy See forbade him to do so. When Klimó died in 1777, Queen Maria Theresa quickly elevated Pécs to free royal town status before the new bishop was elected.

In the year 1844 of the Edo Period, as the Tokugawa Shogunate is in decline, the sadistic Lord Matsudaira Naritsugu of Akashi rapes, tortures, mutilates and murders nobles and commoners at will. He is shielded because the Shōgun is his half-brother. Sir Doi Toshitsura, the Shōgun's Justice Minister, realizes that when Naritsugu ascends to the Shogunate Council, civil war will break out between the Shōgun and the many feudal lords Naritsugu has offended. Then, the feudal lord of the Mamiya clan publicly commits ritual suicide by disembowelment as a protest against the Shōgun's refusal to punish Lord Naritsugu, who has personally murdered the feudal lord's entire family.

A silver King John penny, amongst the first struck in Dublin One of John's principal challenges was acquiring the large sums of money needed for his proposed campaigns to reclaim Normandy.Turner, p. 79. The Angevin kings had three main sources of income available to them, namely revenue from their personal lands, or demesne; money raised through their rights as a feudal lord; and revenue from taxation. Revenue from the royal demesne was inflexible and had been diminishing slowly since the Norman conquest. Matters were not helped by Richard's sale of many royal properties in 1189, and taxation played a much smaller role in royal income than in later centuries.

There were several groups of peasants who had varying levels of rights, and their status changed over time, gradually degrading from a yeoman-like status to full serfdom. Conversely, the least privileged class of the bondsmen, the niewolni or outright slaves (formed primarily from prisoners-of-war), gradually disappeared over the same period. By the late 12th century, peasantry could be divided into the free peasants (wolni or liberi), with the right to leave and relocate, and bonded subjects (poddani or obnoxii), without the right to leave. All peasants who held land from a feudal lord had to perform services or deliver goods to their lord.

Enevold Kruse (October 28, 1554 – March 8, 1621) was a Danish nobleman who served as Governor-general of Norway from 1608 to 1618. Tranekær castle - old etching After studying abroad, including in Helmstedt, Germany, he was employed in 1578 at the Danish chancery and his career advanced rapidly. He served in the Danish Treasury (responsible for accounting, payment and collection of customs duties and taxes, as well as management of state property, including forests, roads and buildings) beginning in 1582, and retained that position until 1608. In 1608, he was named feudal lord to Akershus in Norway, Governor-general of Norway and a member of the Danish national council.

The estates developed from land tracts assigned to officially sanctioned Shintō shrines or Buddhist temples or granted by the emperor as gifts to the Imperial family, friends, or officials. As these estates grew, they became independent of the civil administrative system and contributed to the rise of a local military class. With the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate, or military dictatorship, in 1192, centrally appointed stewards weakened the power of these local landlords. The shōen system passed out of existence around the middle of the 15th century, when villages became self-governing units, owing loyalty to a feudal lord (daimyō) who subdivided the area into fiefs and collected a fixed tax.

Plan of the castle: A - ice house; B - moat; C - service block; D - hall; E - chamber block Weeting Castle is located around north of the village of Weeting in Norfolk, England. There was an earlier Anglo-Saxon settlement at the site in the 10th century, but the castle itself was built around 1180 by Hugh de Plais. Hugh acquired the estate following his marriage to Philippa Montfichet, where he then constructed a very large, stone manor house.; ; ; The new building was probably intended to resemble the hall at the centre of Castle Acre Castle, then being redeveloped by Hugh's feudal lord, Hamelin de Warenne, the Earl of Surrey.

It then shapeshifted and appeared in their forms, and cast a curse upon the family. In the historical record book, this was completely unrelated to the Ryūzōji event, however, and a foreign type of cat, which had been abused by Nabeshima's feudal lord Komori Handayū, sought revenge and killed and ate the lord's favorite concubine, shapeshifted into her form, and caused harm to the family. It was Itō Sōda who exterminated it. In the beginning of the Shōwa period (1926–1989), kaidan films such as "Saga Kaibyōden" (佐賀怪猫伝) and "Kaidan Saga Yashiki" (怪談佐賀屋敷) became quite popular.

In the late 16th century, the feudal lord Nabeshima Naoshige (1538–1618) would write a set of wall inscriptions for his followers. Historians describe the wall inscriptions as "Everyday wisdom, rather than house laws proper" Lord Nabeshima's written works also include a mention of bushidō: :"Bushidō is in being crazy to die. Fifty or more could not kill one such a man" In 1584, Nabeshima Naoshige was the chief retainer for the Lord of Hizen until he was killed in battle by the forces of the powerful Shimazu Clan. After his lord's death, Nabeshima became the true leader of the fiefdom and fought against the Shimazu again in 1587.

Protestant-Lutheran parishes were set up in Finkenbach, Rathskirchen and Rudolphskirchen (today an outlying centre of Rathskirchen). On 11 October 1748, Count Willhelm von Hillesheim died in Reipoltskirchen. After his death, an extensive overhaul of the lordship arrangements was negotiated between Löwenhaupt and Hillesheim. This agreement was approved by the Emperor on 21 March 1754. In 1761, there arose disputes with the Duchy of Palatinate-Zweibrücken over tithes, compulsory labour, taxes and Wildfangrecht (a system under which a feudal lord could incorporate any “stray” person in his domain into the ranks of his subjects if he or she could not demonstrate allegiance to another lord).

Shuriken Sentai Ninninger is a 2015 Japanese television series, and is the 39th entry of the long-running Super Sentai series produced by Toei Company. Three generations had passed since Yoshitaka Igasaki, a man known as the Last Ninja, sealed the evil Yokai feudal lord Gengetsu Kibaoni. However, Yoshitaka's disgraced ex-disciple, Izayoi Kyuuemon, freed Gengetsu Kibaoni's spirit and revived his retainers. As only those of the Igasaki bloodline can stop the Kibiaoni Army, Tsumuji Igasaki has his children Takaharu and Fuka recruit their cousins Yakumo Kato, Nagi Matsuo, and Kasumi Momochi so the five grandchildren can be trained to use Shuriken Ninja Arts and fight the Yokai as Ninningers.

Since the early Middle Ages, robes have been worn as a sign of nobility. At first, these seem to have been bestowed on individuals by the monarch or feudal lord as a sign of special recognition; but in the 15th century the use of robes became formalised, with peers all wearing robes of the same design, though varied according to the rank of the wearer.Mansfield, A., Ceremonial Costume. London: A & C Black 1980 Two distinct forms of robe emerged, and these remain in current use: one is worn for parliamentary occasions (such at the State Opening of Parliament); the other is generally worn only at coronations.

Isabelle and Archambaud could not counter this threat alone and showed themselves ready to subject themselves to French authority. In the Treaty of Tarbes, 10 May 1399, Isabelle and Archambaud recognized the French King as their feudal lord for the County of Foix, Archambaud cancelled his allegiance to England, and the couple sent their two eldest sons as hostages to the royal court at Paris. The position of the new comital dynasty of Foix inside the French Kingdom was thereby guaranteed. Similarly, descendants of Archambaud were to bear the names and arms of the family of his wife, dropping those of the House of Grailly.

Statue of king Cankili II in Jaffna The Karaiyars were by the Portuguese described as the most "warlike" tribe and their chiefs as most serious adversaries of the colonial Portuguese. The Karaiyars revolted six times against the Portuguese in the conquest of the Jaffna kingdom, who aligned and also commanded over the troops of Thanjavur Nayak Kingdom, whose king was Raghunatha Nayak. The first revolt led by a Karaiyar chieftain who was defeated near Nallur by Phillippe de Oliveira and his army. The second revolt against them was led by the Karaiyar chief Migapulle Arachchi, a feudal lord of Jaffna Kingdom who also led the third revolt.

He was a son of Humphrey de Vieilles (who was a great-nephew of the Duchess Gunnor of Normandy) by his wife Albreda de la Haye Auberie. Roger de Beaumont was thus a second cousin once removed of William the Conqueror. His Norman feudal lordship had its caput and castle at Beaumont-le-Roger, a settlement situated on the upper reaches of the River Risle, in Normandy, about 46 km SW of Rouen, the capital of the Duchy. He was also feudal lord of Pont-Audemer, a settlement built around the first bridge to cross the River Risle upstream of its estuary, shared with the River Seine.

A svein was originally an armed page who was in the service of and resided at the court of a chieftain. Subsequently, they separated into a secular and a clerical section. In the High Medieval Age (1130-1350) and in the Late Medieval Age (1350-1537), a page was normally one who had entered the court of a bishop or of a feudal lord. It was customary that young men of lower nobility and of local and wealthy families served at the court of the Archbishop (as a svein) until returning to his district, where he acted as his lord's representative (as a setesvein).

Tradition maintains that Vila Nova (the new town) was founded by people fleeing the abuses of the feudal lord of the castle la Geltrú, particularly his exercise of the Droit du seigneur or jus primae noctis but there is no evidence that this is the case. Other traditions recount conflicts with invading Moors, the coming of the railroad, the inaccessible tunnels beneath the city and stories of a youth confounded by the reflection of the full moon in the water from which Vilanovins receive the nickname llunatics (lunatics), in reference to a supposed mercurial quality of unpredictable emotions.Ferrer i Martí, Antoni. 2005. Mites vilanovins.

To seal the treaty, a marriage between Blanche of Castile, John's niece, and Louis the Lion, Philip's son, was contracted. Territorial conquests of Philip II This agreement did not bring warfare to an end in France, however, since John's mismanagement of Aquitaine led the province to erupt in rebellion later in 1200, a disturbance that Philip secretly encouraged. To disguise his ambitions, Philip invited John to a conference at Andely and then entertained him at Paris, and both times he committed to complying with the treaty. In 1202, disaffected patrons petitioned the French king to summon John to answer their charges in his capacity as John's feudal lord in France.

Koxinga's goals were a Ming dynasty retaking control over China with himself as an autonomous feudal lord in control of Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Fujian on the coastal southeastern area. This may have been similar to the Tokugawa bakufu which controlled Japan while the emperor reigned and he was referred to as a feudatory by his followers and himself with the title "Generalissimo Who Summons and Quells" which was similar to the "barbarian-quelling generalissimo" title of the shogun. The Chinese mufu (tent government) was the model for the bakufu in Japan. Koxinga was an idealist who fought for restoring the Ming before 1651 but the disaster at Xiamen changed his tactics.

The municipality was long under Austrian control (Vorderösterreich), although Austrian sovereignty did not go unchallenged by the Confederate Swiss of neighbouring Schaffhausen. A 1693 particular incident in which Austrian feudal lord Eberhard Im Thurn was abducted and incarcerated by Swiss authorities, and the subsequent diplomatic dispute, played a particular role in the village being kept away from Swiss control. The village became part of the German kingdom of Württemberg under the 1805 Peace of Pressburg agreement during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1918, after the First World War, a referendum was held in Büsingen in which 96% of voters voted to become part of Switzerland.

From Antonio, Regent of the Vicariate Curia at the beginning of the XV century, descended Michele, Treasurer of the Kingdom of Naples (1485–1499), in 1496 feudal lord in Gaeta and Abruzzi, Lieutenant of the Sommaria (from 1504 onwards), Grand Chamberlain and first Count of Trivento in 1505. Girolamo (1617–1662), Duke of Barrea, Count of Trivento and Prince of Scanno from 1646. The members of the family, in the XV and XVI centuries, were engaged in public office, ecclesiastical career and military service, while continuing to carry out mercantile, banking and insurance activities for a long time. The Family also settled in Tropea, Brindisi and Cosenza.

" In Ancient East Asia, Chinese hegemony existed during the Spring and Autumn period (c. 770–480 BC), when the weakened rule of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty led to the relative autonomy of the Five Hegemons (Ba in Chinese [霸]). They were appointed by feudal lord conferences, and thus were nominally obliged to uphold the imperium of the Zhou Dynasty over the subordinate states. Encyclopædia Britannica, "Ch'i": "As a result, Ch'i began to dominate most of China proper; in 651 BC it formed the little states of the area into a league, which was successful in staving off invasions from the semibarbarian regimes to the north and south.

Warren (2000), p. 42. Henry's father advised him to come to terms with Louis and peace was made between them in August 1151 after mediation by Bernard of Clairvaux.Warren (2000), p. 42. Under the settlement Henry did homage to Louis for Normandy, accepting Louis as his feudal lord, and gave him the disputed lands of the Norman Vexin; in return, Louis recognised him as duke. Montsoreau castle mark the end of the revolt organised by Geoffrey against his brother. Geoffrey died in September 1151, and Henry postponed his plans to return to England, as he first needed to ensure that his succession, particularly in Anjou, was secure.

At the same time, Simon Boobumba, the brother of the Prime Minister of Burundi has been kidnapped after he comes to Kolkata. It seems as if both these cases have a link to each other. Kakababu meanwhile is approached by an old associate Narendra Verma, an CBI official who asks him to go to Ranchi and meet Thakur Singh, a feudal lord of that area who might have kidnapped Boobumba. After reaching there and meeting Thakur Singh, he and his gang have a few run ins with Thakur Singh and eventually at one point even the cops arrive, but find that a dummy Boobumba has been kept there.

While Gyewol defeats the enemies deftly and easily, Boguk is surrounded by the enemy forces and needs to be rescued by Gyewol. The rebels escape and head towards the island where Gyewol’s parents reside. Gyewol pursues them and manages to round up all the enemies and soundly defeat them when, in a dramatic fashion, she is suddenly reunited with her parents. Afterwards, the king rewards Gyewol and Boguk by appointing Gyewol as a feudal lord and Boguk as a minister, a rank lower. He also provides public positions to Gyewol’s parents, as well as Master Yeo and his wife for raising and looking after Gyewol.

Based on Bronislaw Malinowski's ethnological work on the Kula ring exchange in the Trobriand Islands, Polanyi makes the distinction between markets as an auxiliary tool for ease of exchange of goods and market societies. Market societies are those where markets are the paramount institution for the exchange of goods through price mechanisms. Polanyi argues that there are three general types of economic systems that existed before the rise of a society based on a free market economy: redistributive, reciprocity and householding. # Redistributive: trade and production is focused to a central entity such as a tribal leader or feudal lord and then redistributed to members of their society.

His base became the Abdel Hussein Mosque at the entry of the old town. On the national level, Sadr closely cooperated with the regime of General Fuad Chehab, who succeeded Chamoun in late 1958 as President of the Republic. Photo dated 1950, but probably rather 1960s with construction of modern building on the isthmus started In 1960, the feudal lord Kazem al- Khalil lost his seat as deputy in parliament in the national election despite his alliance with wealthy expatriates in West Africa, allegedly also due to intrigues of the Lebanese Deuxième Bureau intelligence agency. In contrast, one of Sharafeddin's sons - Jafar Sharafeddin - was elected in 1960 as a Ba'athist.

Born into a vassal feudal family of the King of France, with close military and financial support for the crown. During his episcopate, tensions with the citizens of Lyon were increasing, particularly over tax, and these tensions erupt into armed conflict in 1208 and was resolved through the mediation of Eudes III of Burgundy, which negotiated to restore the rights of the archbishop. Scalded Renaud moved into Castlerock Scize and as Acting feudal lord, he began to build Lyon fortifications. Furthermore, in connection with a dispute between dynasty of (Forez) Drill and Beaujeu, he took possession of fiefs that they had in the Lyon.

Jacopo Piccinino (1423 - July 1465) was an Italian condottiero and nobleman, the son of military leader Niccolò Piccinino. A native of Perugia, he was the feudal lord of Sulmona, Sterpeto, Assisi, Chieti, Città Sant'Angelo, Francavilla al Mare, Varzi, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Atessa, Fidenza, Pandino, Penne, Borgonovo Val Tidone, Castell'Arquato, Frugarolo, Borgo Val di Taro. After a period as lieutenant of his father in Bologna, he fought in the Battle of Anghiari (1440). In his early career he fought mainly against Francesco Sforza, in Lombardy and central Italy, eventually, after the death of his brother Francesco Piccinino, becoming the commander-in-chief of the Repubblica Ambrosiana (1449).

She asked the Heavenly Emperor for materials to make people, but the other gods would not go down to Earth. Without sexual intercourse, she became pregnant by Shinerikyu (志仁禮久, shinirichuu) and populated the islands. Some generations later, a "heavenly grandchild" named Tentei was born, who split Ryukyuan society into five classes with his three sons and two daughters: the first son was Tenson, who became the first King of Ryukyu; the second son became the first feudal lord (Aji); the third son became the first farmer; the first daughter became the first royal noro priestess; and the second daughter became the first village noro priestess.Glacken, Clarence.

Educated at Chief’s college, later known as Aitchison College, Lahore. A diploma holder alongside Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi who was Nawab of Pataudi and his younger brother Sher Ali Khan Pataudi who later served in the Pakistan Army, Amin ud-din Ahmad Khan who was the last Nawab of princely state of Loharu, ruling from 1926 to 1947, Nawab Malik Amir Mohammad Khan who was a prominent feudal lord, politician and the chief of his tribal estate Kalabagh in North Western Punjab, Pakistan who later served as the Governor of West Pakistan and Yadavindra Singh, Maharaja of Patiala. He returned to Patiala after completing his education.

It was in this time that there appeared a new force, the Cossacks, armed freemen not subject to any feudal lord who were to soon dominate the region. They later became known as Zaporozhian Cossacks, from Zaporizhia, the lands south of Prydniprovye, which translates as "the Land Beyond the Weirs [Rapids]"). This was a period of raids and fighting causing considerable devastation and depopulation in that area; the area became known as the 'Wilderness'. In 1635, the Polish Government built the Kodak fortress above the Dnieper Rapids at Kodaky, partly as a result of rivalry in the region between Poland, Turkey and the Crimean Khanate, and partly to maintain control over Cossack activity (i.e.

Tharp, 83 Imari wares had continued to develop for the domestic market and once again became very popular in Europe, and now America. The quality of 19th-century versions varies hugely, from the very crudely-painted to extremely fine pieces from the best factories.Tharp, 81–82 Satsuma ware had begun as decorated earthenware, and was not significantly exported in the early period. But it was shown in Paris, and the local feudal lord had political connections in the West, and it became the most successful export ware, having mostly converted to a porcelain body.Tharp, 83 Late 19th-century wares were very heavily decorated, of variable quality, and much criticised on aesthetic grounds at the time and subsequently.

His friends warned him that his nuns ought not to speak with secular women, who by their gossip might rekindle in them an interest in the world which they had renounced. On the advice of William, Abbot of Rievaulx, he decided to yield to the request of the serving maids, who begged that they, too, might have a dress and rule of life. Soon afterwards, he took men as lay brothers to work on the land, giving them, too, a uniform and rules. The little community grew in numbers, and amongst its earliest benefactors was Brian of Pointon. In 1139, Gilbert accepted three carucates of land in Sempringham from Gilbert of Ghent, his feudal lord.

After the Duchy of Mecklenburg- Schwerin emancipated its Jewish subjects in 1813, Jacobson bought in that duchy two feudal manor estates, Klenz and Gehmkendorf and the peasant village Klein Markow (all three are components of today's Jördenstorf). In 1816 he swore his oath of fealty to Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg- Schwerin, thus becoming the first Jew with a permanent seat and vote in the Estates of the Realm of a German state. As feudal lord he also held the patrimonial jurisdiction over his vassal peasants and the patronage of the pertaining Lutheran churches, which he conveyed to a Lutheran confidant. In 1817 he further acquired the neighbouring estates of Grambow and Tressow.

Thomas L. Friedman, American journalist, columnist and author, admits to being a technological determinist in his book The World is Flat. Futurist Raymond Kurzweil's theories about a technological singularity follow a technologically deterministic view of history. Some interpret Karl Marx as advocating technological determinism, with such statements as "The Handmill gives you society with the feudal lord: the steam-mill, society with the industrial capitalist" (The Poverty of Philosophy, 1847), but others argue that Marx was not a determinist.Technological or Media Determinism, Daniel Chandler Technological determinist Walter J. Ong reviews the societal transition from an oral culture to a written culture in his work Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word (1982).

James's advice concerning parliaments, which he understood as merely the king's "head court", foreshadows his difficulties with the English Commons: "Hold no Parliaments," he tells Henry, "but for the necesitie of new Lawes, which would be but seldome". In the True Law, James maintains that the king owns his realm as a feudal lord owns his fief, because kings arose "before any estates or ranks of men, before any parliaments were holden, or laws made, and by them was the land distributed, which at first was wholly theirs. And so it follows of necessity that kings were the authors and makers of the laws, and not the laws of the kings."Quoted by .

During the Edo period, the park belonged to Minonokami Nambu, a feudal lord from the former Morioka Domain who used it as an urban villa. In 1896, it was acquired by the Arisugawa-no-miya line of the Imperial family, and then in 1913 it was passed on to the Prince Takamatsu line. Out of a great personal interest in promoting children's health and education about nature, Prince Takamatsu donated 36,325 square metres of land to Tokyo for use as a park on January 5, 1934, the anniversary of the death of Prince Arisugawa Taruhito. The city immediately began construction and the Arisugawa-no-miya Memorial Park was opened on November 17, 1934.

The nobles of Caccavone established a Benedictine monastery on the hill of San Cataldo, with several secondary abbeys in the hills nearby, which is evidenced by some of the graves and tombs. In 740 AD, the Beneventan principle lords Pandulf and Landulf granted the Caccavone fiefdom to Prince Radoisio, son of Count Berardo. Around the year 1070, the barons of the Kingdom of Naples including Raul De Petra Ugone's son Act, the feudal lord of Caccavone, who had been among those who had followed William the Conqueror to attend a crusade to the Holy Land. In 1269, in the age of Anjou, Paolo de Giga, soldier, was made Baron of Caccavone by direct investment by Charles I of Anjou.

Smail-aga Čengić, an Ottoman feudal lord, fought frequently with the Drobnjaci clan, and in letters of Njegoš in 1839 it is known that Rustem-Aga, the son of Smail, had often raped local women of the Drobnjaci and Pivljani. The Drobnjaci had enough of the violations of their women, and approached Petar II Njegoš (who had lost eight family members in the Battle of Grahovo), organizing a plot against the Ottoman lords, planning to first kill Smail. The main conspirators were Novica Cerović and Đoko Malović. Podmalinsko Monastery was gathering place for members of Drobnjaci tribe who traditionally held meetings there, last time in 1840 to decide to kill Smail-aga Čengić.

Before a lord could grant land (a fief) to a tenant, he had to make that person a vassal. This was done at a formal and symbolic ceremony called a commendation ceremony composed of the two-part act of homage and oath of fealty. During homage, the lord and vassal entered a contract in which the vassal promised to fight for the lord at his command, whilst the lord agreed to protect the vassal from external forces, a valuable right in a society without police and with only a rudimentary justice system. The word fealty derives from the Latin fidelitas and denotes the fidelity owed by a vassal to his feudal lord.

Sibyl Hathaway in 1945 Seigneurie – Sark The Guernsey lifeboat arrived on 3 July carrying three German officers. Major Doctor Albrecht Lanz, the commandant of Guernsey, was accompanied by Major Maass, who could speak English. They were told by the Seneschal that no carriage was available and they had to walk up the hill and across the Island to La Seigneurie, the home of Sibyl Hathaway, where she did them the honour of receiving them. By playing on the etiquette of the old school German officers, she would manage throughout the war to control meetings, expecting the officers to bow to her and kiss her hand; How the World’s Only Feudal Lord Outclassed the Nazis to Save Her People.

The sacrifices were an official imperial rite and Mount Tai became one of the principal places where the emperor would carry out the sacrifices to pay homage to heaven (on the summit) and earth (at the foot of the mountain) in the Feng () and Shan () sacrifices respectively. The two sacrifices are often referred to together as the Fengshan sacrifices (). Carving of an inscription as part of the sacrifices marked the attainment of the "great peace". By the time of the Zhou Dynasty (c. 1046-256 ) sacrifices at Mount Tai had become highly ritualized ceremonies in which a local feudal lord would travel there to make sacrifices of food and jade ritual items.

Bute's residence in the area, Cardiff Castle, was understaffed and regarded as unsuitable as a residence; consequently, he lacked the easy local patronage that would have come with a major, properly functioning establishment. There were tensions between Bute and the new industrialists around the region, including ironmasters such as John Guest, the master of the Dowlais Ironworks. Bute was a financial competitor or landlord with many of these men, and keen to drive as good a deal as possible in his negotiations with them. He also had political differences, seeing himself as a benevolent feudal lord in South Wales, and perceiving the local iron-masters as arrogant, power-hungry individuals, abusing their economic power towards communities and workers.

By the mid-18th century, financial reasons caused the Barberini to sell the fief to marquis Francesco Recupito di Raiano, whose family lost their feudal rights with the abolition of feudalism by King Joseph Bonaparte in 1806. The local nobility and gentry often controlled most local affairs while their masters generally remained in Rome, Naples or L'Aquila. An example of this is the 17th-century nobleman, Orazio Rossi, who was Luogotenente (or Lieutenant) of the Marchese Recupito di Raiano. Pacentro was also united politically with the nearby towns of Cansano and Campo di Giove for much of the 18th and early 19th century due to their common ownership by the same Feudal Lord.

Though the content is mostly the same, it is impossible to catch all 10 onigiri, as some are thrown off the borders of the game screen. Small and large gold coins are thrown in addition to the onigiri, and 5 onigiri count for 1 gold coin while 5 small gold coins count for 1 large gold coin. The gold coins collected during the game can also be used to buy packages of the in-game trading card series (capturing a feudal lord in the mobile version yields a bonus of 10 gold coins). Three random cards are included in each card package, and a set of card consists of 16 different cards.

At the same time the viscount suppressed all direct taxes such as the "taille" and the "quête" and abolished duties of service to the feudal lord. He also accorded the inhabitants of Rochechouart the essential conditions for total liberty – they could dispose of their goods, buy or sell, import and export whatever they wanted, build, move about freely within the viscountcy, all without intervention from their lord. This Charter was very advanced for its times, and despite pressure from the other lords in the region, it remained in force until 1789. François de Rochechouart in the late 15th century is known for his study on the Dialogues of Pierre Salmon, the secretary of Charles VI of France.

The sixteenth head Nobumasa Takeda expelled the Atobe clan and stabilized the situation in the territory by strengthening the control over vassals, but an internal war occurred over his successor. The eighteenth head Nobutora TAKEDA unified the territory and actively expanded the clan's territory by invading neighboring Shinano Province. Shingen TAKEDA wielded the authority of the daimyo (feudal lord) in flood control as well as in the development of gold mines and absorbed Shinano Province into his territory. After eliminating anxiety about being attacked from behind by allying himself with the neighboring Imagawa and Gohojo clans, Shingen invaded Shinano and clashed with the Uesugi clan of Echigo over the possession of the northern Shinano region (the Battle of Kawanakajima).

However, since they did not hold any territory that was directly under the Imperial throne, they were unable to meet the primary requirement to qualify. The family yearned for the added power a seat in the Imperial government would bring, and therefore sought to acquire lands that would be reichsunmittelbar, or held without any feudal personage other than the Holy Roman Emperor himself having rights on the land. After some time, the family was able to arrange the purchase of the minuscule Herrschaft ("Lordship") of Schellenberg and countship of Vaduz (in 1699 and 1712 respectively) from the Hohenems. Tiny Schellenberg and Vaduz possessed exactly the political status required: no feudal lord other than the Emperor.

One of the premier festivals of Yamagata Prefecture, Shinjō Matsuri (or Shinjō Festival) is a summer-time celebration held annually from August 24–26. Held since 1755, the festival was established by the local daimyō (feudal lord) to lift the spirits of the common people after a particularly bad harvest. The current incarnation of the festival includes traditional dancing, a reenactment of the first "Daimyō Parade", traditional festival vending stalls, and the Yattai Parade, in which each neighborhood in the city constructs large, vivid scenes from Japanese/local history, folklore, and/or fairy tales on wide floats. These are then pulled throughout the city by children both at day and at night for the three days of the festival.

The Santa Maria Church at Otome Pass was dedicated in 1951 and is part of a memorial for Japanese Christians persecuted and tortured in Tsuwano by the government during the Edo and Meiji periods. Other notable locations and tourist attractions within Tsuwano include the ruins of Tsuwano Castle, where the Kamei clan ruled the Tsuwano fiefdom from the 17th through mid 19th- centuries, and the mountainside Taikodani Inari shrine with its "1000 vermilion torii." In 1773 Tsuwano's seventh-generation feudal lord Kamei Norisada had Taikodani Inari built to enshrine a share of the spirit worshipped at the Fushimi Inari in Kyoto. This shrine was built to pray for the safety of Kamei's castle and peace among his people.

Soshangane died about 1856, and his son Umzila, receiving some help from the Portuguese at Delagoa Bay in a struggle against a brother for the chieftain-ship, ceded to them the territory south of the Komati River. North of that river as far as the Zambezi, and inland to the continental plateau, Umzila established himself in independence, a position he maintained till his death (c .1884). His chief rival was a Goan named Manuel António de Sousa, also known as Gouveia, who came to Africa about 1850. Having obtained possession of a crown estate (prazo) in the Gorongosa District, he ruled there as a feudal lord while acknowledging himself a Portuguese subject.

The masked wrestler known as Masamune made his professional wrestling debut in Mexico in April 1999, after being trained by Mexican Luchador Lizmark. Initially he wrestled under the ring names Dragon Furia or Furia del Dragon ("Dragon Fury" or "Fury of the Dragon") but later adopted the ring name Masamune. The Masamune character was inspired by Japanese Daimyo feudal lord Date Masamune, which in part is reflected in his mask, which has what looks like an eye patch over one eye just like Date Masamune only had one eye. Due to his mask design Masamune earned the nickname dokuganryū (the "one-eyed dragon"), just like the original Masamune. Masamune in June 2016.

Ninjō is roughly translated as "human feeling" or "emotion" and could also be interpreted as a specific aspect of these terms such as generosity or sympathy towards the weak. The classic example of ninjō is that of a samurai who falls in love with an unacceptable partner (perhaps somebody of low social class or somebody of an enemy clan). As a loyal member of his clan, he then becomes torn between the obligation to his feudal lord and his personal feelings, with the only possible resolution being shinjū or double love-suicide. This demonstrates how giri is superior to ninjō in the Japanese worldview since the latter could weaken an individual's devotion to his duty.

As a result, horse-mounted samurai were no longer the main military force. During the Edo period (1603 to 1868) horses were no longer needed for warfare and the samurai started using highly decorated kura with colored lacquers, and extensive intricate inlays and leather work. Mounted samurai became a ceremonial presence in the entourages of processions by their daimyō (feudal lord).Samurai, warfare and the state in early medieval Japan (Google eBook), Karl F. Friday, Psychology Press, 2004 P.97Handbook to life in medieval and early modern Japan, William E. Deal, Oxford University Press US, 2007 P.155 Riding in a saddle was reserved for the samurai class until the end of the samurai era in 1868.

Salih Aga Pashmakli Residence According to archaeological evidence, the area around Smolyan was first settled in the 2nd-1st millennium BC. In the Middle Ages it acquired its name from the Slavic tribe, the Smolyani, who settled in the region in the 7th century. During the Middle Ages, it was ruled by the Part of the Byzantine and Bulgarian Empires. For a while during the 14th century it came under the control of the Bulgarian feudal lord Momchil, alongside the whole Rhodope mountains, before eventually being subjugated by the Ottoman Empire. Smolyan remained under Ottoman rule for five centuries, a township of the Ottoman Sanjak of Gümülcine in the Adrianople Vilayet between 1867 and 1912.

A slightly more common freedom of the city is connected to the medieval concept of "free status", when city and town charters drew a distinction between freemen and vassals of a feudal lord. As such, freemen actually pre-date 'boroughs'. Early freedom of the boroughs ceremonies had great importance in affirming that the recipient enjoyed privileges such as the right to trade and own property, and protection within the town. In modern society, the award of honorary freedom of the city or borough tends to be entirely ceremonial, given by the local government in many towns and cities on those who have served in some exceptional capacity, or upon any whom the city wishes to bestow an honour.

The hill of Ripatransone (whose name means "rock of Transone", Transone being a local feudal lord who founded the castle here) has been inhabited since prehistorical times, and was settled first by the Umbri and then the Piceni. After the Roman conquest it lost importance, regaining it in the Middle Ages when several castles were built here, being unified into a single town in 1096. In 1205 it was a free commune, existing in particular rivalry with Fermo and against Francesco Sforza. In 1571 it was given the status of City and that of diocesan see by Pope Pius V. After the Renaissance it was part of the Papal States, becoming part of unified Italy in 1860.

Sir William Fitz Almeric Le Boteler, Lord of Warrington built Bewsey Old Hall following the destruction by fire of his original house, which was located nearer the current town centre on the Mote Hill (near to the site of the current parish church, St Elphins). The date of the fire is not recorded exactly, but is believed to be between the years 1256 and 1259. In order to build the house, Boteler obtained lands in Burton Wood from his feudal Lord, Earl Ferrar in 1260 and from Prince Edmund in 1270.A History of Warrington, Harry Boscow, Page 50, A monastic grange, owned by the monks of Titley Abbey, in Essex, previously occupied the site.

The small town, hamlet of Seminara and feudal lords of the latter, was hit again in the course of centuries by Saracen pirates until, in 1549, after the devastation of the last feudal lord Duke Charles Spinelli decided to fortify it. In this way, the city took on a rectangular shape and was surrounded by walls with four imposing towers which stood extremes. In that century, the city grew in importance attracting all the maritime trade of the southern coast of Calabria. Independent of Seminara in 1632 in the 17th century, the city developed urbanistically and economically thanks to the commercial activity of its inhabitants and the foresight of the Marquis Andrea Arena Concublet that instituted a "fair".

The film handles the issue of exploitation of Adivasis by feudal lords, and that of Naxalism which attempts to resist and counter this, and of how the feudal lords use the "system" to suppress the resistance. The film speaks through the eyes of protagonist Ammini (Saleema), a 16 old girl whose life takes a turn when Mohan (Vineeth), who has love interest on her and a stranger (Devan), who inspires her and believes in her brilliance unlike everyone else, enters her life. The latter turns out to be a Naxalite who has been conspiring to kill her uncle, a feudal lord (Jagannatha Varma), who has been exploiting the tribal community in the area for his own personal interests.

Thus, late in 1616, Striggio asked him to set to music Scipione Agnelli's libretto Le nozze di Tetide, as part of the celebrations for Duke Ferdinando's forthcoming marriage to Catherine de' Medici. This story, based on the wedding of the mythical Greek hero Peleus to the sea- goddess Thetis, had previously been offered to the Mantuan court by Peri, whose setting of a libretto by Francesco Cini had been rejected in 1608 in favour of L'Arianna. Initially, Monteverdi had little enthusiasm for Le nozze di Tetide, and sought ways of avoiding or delaying work on it. He would accept the commission, he informed Striggio on 9 December 1616, because it was the wish of the duke, his feudal lord.

Takeda Nobuzane (武田信実) more commonly known as Kawakubo Nobuzane (河窪信実) (died 29 June 1575) was a younger half-brother of Takeda Shingen, a preeminent daimyō (feudal lord) who vied for the control of Japan in the late stage of Sengoku, the "warring states" period. He was also called Kawakubo Nobuzane because he was raised in Kawakubo village. After the death of his older brother Matsuo Nobukore in 1571, Shingen ordered Nobuzane’s son Nobutoshi to be the successor to the Matsuo family and Nobutoshi was married to Nobukore’s daughter. In 1575 at the Battle of Nagashino, Nobuzane did not participate in the battle proper between Takeda Katsuyori and the Oda-Tokugawa Alliance.

The Village sells merchandise featuring Bappy-chan and even offers a virtual Onibaba for download on their website. Another example of the transformation of Onibaba is the anime and manga Kurozuka. In this series the Noh story of the Onibaba is portrayed, with the Onibaba masquerading as a beautiful woman with a slender body and long dark hair and with powers similar to a vampire. The difference between the Noh story and the series is that instead of the two priests escaping, one of the men, a feudal lord, falls in love with the Onibaba in her beautiful form and is transformed into a vampire by the Onibaba and her vampiristic powers.

There are a few accepted theories on the emergence of territorial states and they both concern money and war with each stressing one over the other. The mainstream view of territorial state formation emerged around the 12th century as a consequence of the transfer of royal sovereign rights for a particular region to a feudal lord. This meant that within territories unrestrained feudal jurisdiction gave way to a larger central authority that maintained a more stable territory through bureaucracy, a skilled and qualified army, and taxation. This is unlike the medieval hierarchical structure of control and jurisdiction that was in a state of perpetual uncertainty threatened by a shift in the balance of power.

Sugi is the national tree of Japan, commonly planted around temples and shrines, with many hugely impressive trees planted centuries ago. Sargent (1894; The Forest Flora of Japan) recorded the instance of a daimyō (feudal lord) who was too poor to donate a stone lantern at the funeral of the shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616) at Nikkō Tōshō-gū, but requested instead to be allowed to plant an avenue of sugi, so that "future visitors might be protected from the heat of the sun". The offer was accepted; the Cedar Avenue of Nikkō, which still exists, is over long, and "has not its equal in stately grandeur". is a large cryptomeria tree located on Yakushima, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, in Japan.

The film focuses on the late stages of life of Rikyū, during the highly turbulent Sengoku period of feudal Japan. It starts near the end of Oda Nobunaga's reign, with Rikyū serving as tea master to Nobunaga, and continues into the Momoyama Period. Rikyū is portrayed as a man thoroughly dedicated to aesthetics and perfection, especially in relation to the art of tea. While serving as tea master to the new ruler Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Rikyū finds himself in a uniquely privileged position, with constant access to the powerful feudal lord and the theoretical ability to influence policy, yet he studiously avoids deep involvement in politics while attempting to focus his full attention to the study and teachings of the way of tea.

The Normans landed in Ireland in 1169 and captured the Danish city of Waterford. It is likely that the only cities or strongholds in the country at the time were those founded by the Danes, and of these the most important was Dublin, which was captured soon afterwards by Milo de Cogan and successfully held by him in spite of a long siege by Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, the High King of Ireland, who had the co-operation of the Danes. Henry II of England arrived in Dublin in 1172 and many of the Gaelic Chieftains made their submission to him, i.e., they recognised him as their feudal lord, who gave them the right or title to the lands they held.

A future earth has been conquered by the extraterrestrial "Hoppers," aliens resembling kangaroos. To secure their dominance, the Hoppers have reserved all advanced technology for their own use and resurrected the feudal society of the European Middle Ages, which they have imposed on the earthlings to prevent them from uniting against their conquerors. The story follows one such feudal lord, Sir Howard Van Slyck, a younger son of the Duke of Poughkeepsie, whose knight-errant quest leads him by degrees to question and challenge Hopper rule. After his brother Frank is executed for engaging in scientific research he joins the Wyoming knight Lyman Haas in the anti-Hopper underground, in which he becomes privy to a conspiracy to topple the alien rulers.

By the beginning of the 14th century, during King Milutin's reign, the Archdiocese in Bar was the strongest feudal lord in Zeta. From 1309 to 1321, Zeta was co-ruled by the oldest son of King Milutin, Young King Stefan Uroš III Dečanski. Similarly, from 1321 to 1331, Stefan's young son Stefan Dušan Uroš IV Nemanjić, the future Serbian King and Tsar, co-ruled Zeta with his father. After Tsar Dušan's death in 1355, the Serbian state Kingdom started to crumble and its holdings were divided among Prince (Knjaz) Lazar Hrebeljanović, the short-lived (1353–1391) Bosnian state of Tvrtko I Kotromanić, and a semi-independent chiefdom of Zeta under the House of Balšić, whose founder Balša I came to power in 1356.

When, in 1581, during the Dutch Revolt, most of the Dutch provinces declared their independence with the Act of Abjuration, the representative function of the stadtholder became obsolete in the rebellious northern Netherlands – the feudal lord himself having been abolished – but the office nevertheless continued in these provinces who now united themselves into the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. The United Provinces were struggling to adapt existing feudal concepts and institutions to the new situation and tended to be conservative in this matter, as they had after all rebelled against the king to defend their ancient rights.J H Elliott, Europe Divided (London 1968) p. 293-4 The stadtholder no longer represented the lord but became the highest executive official, appointed by the states of each province.

The principality of Capua, established in 860, included the counties of Venafro, Larino, Trivento, Bojano, Isernia, Campomarino and Termoli. Hugues I de Molise, Earl of Bojano and Norman feudal lord of Mulhouse (from which derives the name of Molise), implemented a policy to restore the old boundaries to the territories of Sannio in 1053, and finally, thanks to his successor, Hugues II de Molise, Molise was created independently around 1128. With the advent of the Neapolitan Republic, a new administrative organization was established, divided into departments made up of cantons. The Department of the Sangro was divided into 16 cantons: Lanciano, Ortona, Palena, Atessa, Pescocostanzo, Castel di Sangro, Agnone, Baranello, Campobasso, La Riccia, Trivento, Larino, Termoli, Serra Capriola, Dragonara, and Vasto.

With the opening of the Tokugawa period, the wars of the Sengoku period came to an end, and falconry became one of the primary outlets for the militaristic energies of the samurai class, along with archery, swordplay, and horse racing. Tokugawa Ieyasu enjoyed falconry very much himself, and used it as a symbol of his authority, and of his plans for the country, transforming the violence of his conquest into a peacetime system of laws. He banned traditional falconry by kuge, who had been holders of the art since the first introduction of falconry. He established restrictions on which ranks of creatures a samurai or daimyō (feudal lord) could hunt, from geese and ducks up to the more valuable swans.

These lands were in many cases unprofitable for the barons to hold and English power reached its zenith under Henry for the medieval period. In 1254, Henry granted Ireland to his son, Edward, on condition that it would never be separated from the Crown. Henry maintained peace with Scotland during his reign, where he was the feudal lord of Alexander II.; Henry assumed that he had the right to interfere in Scottish affairs and brought up the issue of his authority with the Scottish kings at key moments, but he lacked the inclination or the resources to do much more.; Alexander had occupied parts of northern England during the First Barons' War but had been excommunicated and forced to retreat.

From the collapse of the Norwegian Royal Council in 1536/1537 as the Reformation gained a dominant position in Norway until 1572 there was no central Norwegian government to link the king in Denmark, the king's royal officials and the common citizens. Each feudal lord (lensherre) was the highest authority in his district and was responsible, through the Norwegian Chancellor who was in the Chancellery (Kancelli) in Copenhagen, only to the king. Since the former Norwegian Royal Council represented Norway's historic right to elect their own king, it is likely that the lack of central authority was initially promoted by the reigning Danish-Norwegian monarch. However conflicts with Sweden such at the Northern Seven Years' War (1563-1570) highlighted the weaknesses to this approach.

At the end of the 13th century, Aimery XI renounced a large part of his privileges in promulgating a charter of enfranchisement which transformed Rochechouart into a democratic city, and turned its inhabitants from slaves to the state into citizens. The city was from then on governed by four consuls who chose their own successors, without their lord's intervention. At the same time the viscount suppressed all direct taxes such as the taille and the quête and abolished duties of service to the feudal lord. He also accorded the inhabitants of Rochechouart the essential conditions for total liberty — they could dispose of their goods, buy or sell, import and export whatever they wanted, build, move about freely within the viscountcy, all without intervention from their lord.

The watermill is located in the Mustafa neighborhood of Smrekonica, in the northern part of the municipality around from the center of Vučitrn. The mill is said to have been built by the local feudal lord in the 19th century. Originally built to grind maize and wheat, the mill is a stone structure by reinforced with horizontal wooden studs and a square Mediterranean tile roof. One grinding stone complete with a wooden basket was supplied for each of the two crops, which were ground simultaneously while a canal supplied abundant water. As was common in mills in the area, a miller’s room housed the proprietor and guests from Smrekonica itself as well as nearby villages such as Kçi, Rashana, Pasoma, and Torllabu.

Whilst there is > clearly still time for you to finish your current journey through the ages > one final time, I would like to take this opportunity to introduce another > tactical strategy game in the Jagex portfolio. If you enjoyed 8Realms then I > think you'll probably love War of Legends, a strategy game based on ancient > mythology where players take the role of a Feudal Lord in charge of a > kingdom. Players go on to build mighty empires, manage resources, and build > armies to conquer their enemies, similar like in 8Realms. We are in the > process of allowing players to transfer their account to War of Legends and > will have this completed before the 1st July when 8Realms will go offline.

Dr. Anaadi Mukherjee (Ashok Kumar) is the civil surgeon in a small tribal-dominated market town in Birbhum. He is a god-like figure, loved and respected by both the poor tribal folks of the area like the beautiful young widow Chhipli (Vyjayanthimala), Jagadamba the vegetable seller and old women like Komlididi and Nani (Chhaya Devi) and the bigwigs of the area like the District Magistrate and Superintendent of Police Mr. Pandey. Dr. Mukherjee is a workaholic and lives with his young wife Manu, who has a chronic heart ailment. He comes into conflict with Lacchmanlal (Ajitesh Bannerjee), the son of the local feudal lord Chhabilal, a veritable rogue who lusts after Chhipli, who is protected by the good doctor.

The crown's powers in the Marches were normally limited to those periods when the king held a lordship in its own hands, such as when it was forfeited for treason or on the death of the lord without a legitimate heir whereupon the title reverted to the Crown in escheat. At the top of a culturally diverse, intensely feudalised and local society, the Marcher barons combined the authority of feudal lord and vassal of the King among their Normans, and of supplanting the traditional tywysog among their conquered Welsh. However, Welsh law was sometimes used in the Marches in preference to English law, and there were disputes as to which code should be used to decide a particular case. From this developed the distinctive March law.

Their presence was due to the fact that the king had need of their co-operation to raise money by grants and aids, a development that was being paralleled in England. The Cortes henceforth consisted of the churchmen, the nobles and the representatives of twenty-seven (later thirty- eight) "good towns"—towns which were free of a feudal lord, and, therefore, held directly by the king. The independence of the burgesses was better secured in Navarre than in other parliaments of Spain by the constitutional rule which required the consent of a majority of each order to every act of the Cortes. Thus the burgesses could not be outvoted by the nobles and the Church, as they could be elsewhere.

Installed in their remote region of Vergy, far from their difficult to defend lands, the monks of Saint-Vivant felt the need to subordinate (undoubtedly to William IV, Count of Vienne and Mâcon (died 1155)) their lands in Amous to remove the covetousness and retain their rights and properties. According to a second hypothesis, the feudal lord established a new town along Saône which took the name of Auxonne. Auxonne therefore was in the pagus of Amous. The division of the Treaty of Verdun of 843 placed Amous in the prize of Lothair I and, despite the complicated divisions that followed, this county was Holy Roman Empire land and fell within the sphere of influence of the Count of Burgundy – i.e.

Born in Santo Stefano Ticino in 1230, Squarcino was the son of Lanfranco of Borri (end of 12th – early 13th century), the local feudal lord of the city of Santo Stefano Ticino. The Borri family was one of the most respected in Milan, and a late tradition, with no historical basis, associates saint Monas of Milan, Bishop of Milan, with the Borris. Even in his youth, Squarcino (unlike his father) undertook a military career and placed himself at the head of the noble exiles from Milan after the Torriani family took power in that city. He remained a faithful supporter of the Visconti family, and distinguished himself as a captain in the service of Ottone Visconti in the famous Battle of Desio in January 1277.

Contacts between Tottori officers and An clearly existed, and the Tottori feudal lord was not away for the whole period of An's stay in Tottori. The dispute between Chosun Korea and Tokugawa Japan about the ownership of Ulleung-do ignited when Korean fishermen clashed with Japanese fishermen in Ulleungdo waters in 1692. The following year, An Yong-Bok and Park Eo-dun, representing Korean fishing communities, are variously said to have visited, drifted, or even been abducted by Japanese fishermen, arriving at Oki island in 1693. Taking this occasion, An discussed territorial title matters with a Japanese governmental official, reminding him that Ulleungdo and Jasando (자산도, 子山島 sic; a scribal corruption of Usan-do 于山島/亐山島) are Korean territory.

Some scholars, such as John V. Orth, believe that this explanation (to promote the right to transfer the land) of the origin of the rule is inaccurate. In their view, the rule originated as the courts' response to an estate-planning technique in the 14th century, long before the litigation in Shelley's Case. A tax known as the "relief" had to be paid to the feudal lord (the Crown) when a tenant's heir inherited the land. To avoid this estate tax, if the grant to the land were framed in term of a life estate in the grantee followed by a remainder in the grantee's heirs, then upon the grantee's death his heirs would not inherit the land, but received it as a vested remainder.

The transmission of the system passed out of the Ono family briefly and was maintained by the feudal lord Tsugaru Nobumasa. The second headmaster from this family taught Ono Tadakata, allowing the Ono family to continue preserving the line while the Tsugaru family continued their practice of the art, thereby having two families maintain the main line of the Ono-ha Ittō-ryū tradition thereafter. The Tsugaru family also taught the system to members of Yamaga family, and they worked together to preserve the line of their art. Sasamori Junzo, a well known and high ranking kendo practitioner, took over the preservation of the system in the Taishō period and his son, Sasamori Takemi, succeeded him as the 16th headmaster of the system.

To spread the local brand, "Harima: Hometown of Japanese Sake," broadly nationwide, the character "Moririi" was born, whose name comes from the Japanese words to boost (moriageru) the Harima region and fill up the Harima region with fun sake (sakemori). His hobby is visiting sake breweries and his talent is sake tasting - he can taste the difference between all of Harima's different sakes. Modeled after the feudal lord from the Age of Civil War, Mori Tomonobu(jp:母里友信), his helmet says "Harima", he holds a sake cup in his hand, a bottle of sake that says "Hometown of Japanese Sake" hangs from his back, and he strives to promote the Harima region as a character that is cute, though he is an old man.

It was in the 12th century that the foundations were laid for the establishment of a stable population centre here at the southern gateway to the Camp de Tarragona, well connected to El Camino Real (the Royal Road) that linked Tortosa and Tarragona. The area also had good maritime connections; indeed, the troops of Jaume I sailed from these beaches in 1229 to re-conquer Majorca from the Moors. Due to this strategic position, the Crown kept title over the town by establishing a feudal lord-- vassal to the king-count--and a detachment of soldiers here. In addition, they built defensive walls and towers that also served to protect other nearby villages such as Els Tegells, Les Planes and Montbrió.

Gonsalvo Monroy was a nobleman that served as Count of Malta between 1421 and 1427. Monroy served as a feudal lord of Malta, and was unpopular due to various heavy taxes being introduced, and this may have been one of the causes why the population was living in poverty. The population of Gozo revolted in 1425, with the peak being reached in 1426, when Maltese ransacked Monroy's residence in Mdina, and blocking the Castrum Maris in Birgu (where Monroy's wife, Donna Costanza, was). The Maltese people were ready to buy out the land from Monroy, and a deal was struck between Gonsalvo Monroy's administration and a Maltese nobleman, Antonio Inguanez, who offered his two sons in exchange of Lady Constance of Monroy.

Emperor Sigismund had to acknowledge the acquisition in 1433; four years later he officially ceded the territory to Venice as an Imperial fief. In 1523 Emperor Charles V finally renounced all titles as feudal lord. On the fall of the Republic and the Treaty of Campo Formio, the Domini spent a short while under French rule until Napoleon ceded it to Austria in 1797, and in 1805 the former Domini were united with the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy (1805–14), and in 1815 with what was left of Lombardy to make the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia under the control of the Austrian Empire. It was united with the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence.

Returning, Eudoric finds his promised bride has run off with a minstrel, and his feudal lord Baron Emmerhard disinclined to knight him for his heroic exploit; he consoles himself by pursuing a scheme to establish a stagecoach line like those in Pathenia. (This material first appeared as the short story "Two Yards of Dragon".) A subsequent rescue of Emmerhard from a magic spell finally secures him the knighthood, but he remains unlucky in love, as the baron's daughter Gerzilda also shuns his hand. (This material first appeared as the short story "The Coronet".) Next Eudoric pursues Maragda, daughter of Rainmar, a local robber baron who has been raiding his coach line. Rainmar tasks him with slaying the giant spider Fraka, and once again matters go awry.

Ichiki's daguerreotype of Shimazu Nariakira, the earliest surviving Japanese photograph In 1848 (Edo era), a camera for daguerréotype was imported by a Dutch ship to Japan (Nagasaki, 長崎). It is said that this was the first camera in Japan. During Edo era, the import and the export had been prohibited (sakoku, 鎖国) by the Edo Government (Edobakufu, 江戸幕府), except that only Dutch ships had been permitted to export and import various goods at Nagasaki Port. Therefore, the first camera was introduced at Nagasaki. This camera was imported by Ueno Toshinojō (1790–1851, 上野俊之丞) and in 1849 passed to Shimazu Nariakira (1809–1858, 島津斉彬), who later would become a feudal lord (daimyō, 大名) of Satsuma Domain (薩摩藩, now Kagoshima-ken).

During the reign of Hovhannes- Smbat (John-Smbat), a feudal lord, David, who owned Taik during his battles against the Muslims, gained a large area which stretched all the way to Manzikert. David was a subject of Byzantium and when he died his entire territory was occupied by Basil II, who had resumed the policy of, bit by bit, annexing Armenia to his empire. This policy of occupation and expansion was also pursued by the successors of Basil II. By the death of Hovhannes-Smbat around 1040 and that of Ashot IV shortly after, Michael V, one of the successors of Basil II, was the emperor cornering Armenia. Michael claimed that the Kingdom of Ani by virtue of the will of Hovhannes-Smbat, was bequeathed to the Byzantine Empire upon his death.

The 17th-century Tower of Kurt Pasha in Vratsa, Bulgaria The Tower of Kurt Pasha (, Kurtpashova kula), also rendered as Kurt Pasha Tower or Kurtpashov(a) Tower, is an Ottoman-era tower house in the town of Vratsa in northwest Bulgaria. Built in the 17th century, nowadays it is used as an exhibition space and souvenir shop adjacent to the Vratsa Regional Historical Museum. Like other tower houses in the Balkans from that age, the Tower of Kurt Pasha belongs to a specific type of habitable defensive tower which emerged in parts of the Balkans during a turbulent and anarchic period in the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century. The Tower of Kurt Pasha was constructed by a local feudal lord of the period as a fortified abode for his family, collectively known as Kurtpashovtsi.

The Rila Monastery was reerected at its present place by Hrelyu, a feudal lord, during the first half of the 14th century. The oldest buildings in the complex date from this period -— the Tower of Hrelja (1334–1335) and a small church just next to it (1343). The bishop's throne and the rich-engraved gates of the monastery also belong to the time. However, the arrival of the Ottomans in the end of the 14th century was followed by numerous raids and a destruction of the monastery in the middle of the 15th century. Thanks to donations by the Sultana Mara Branković, the Russian Orthodox Church and the Rossikon monastery of Mount Athos, the Rila Monastery was rebuilt in the end of the 15th century by three brothers from the region of Dupnica.

The new economic and consequently political relations which the old feudal structures were unable to manage and lacked any effective framework, were outside the traditional institution's reach. Foucault notices that the pastorate communities took charge of a whole series of everyday questions and problems concerning material life, property, education of children: this led to a re-emergence of philosophy as the compass for everyday life, in relation to others, in relation to those in authority, to the sovereign, or the feudal lord, and in order to direct one's mind in the right direction, to its salvation, but also to the truth. Philosophy took over on the (until then) religious function of how to conduct oneself. With the advent of the 16th century western society entered the age of forms of conducting, directing, and government.

During the Muromachi era (1336 -1573), the feudal lord that controlled the province of Awa set up his residence and administrative base in SShōzui Castle in the 15th century and the area soon became a prominent political and cultural center in Shikoku. At the end of the Sengoku Period (Warring States Period), the Hosokawa clan was disposed by Lord Miyoshi whose family controlled the Muromachi Shogunate. Lord Muromachi controlled the region until he was in turn disposed when Chosokabe Motochika from Tosa (Kōchi Prefecture) gained control of Awa. During the 17th century, Tokushima city replaced Shozui as the main administrative centre of Tokushima, and the area declined over the centuries with most of the significant development in the region taking place in Tokushima-city, south of the Yoshinogawa.

The Lakshmikanta temple was under the patronage of some of the kings of the Mysore Kingdom. It was expanded and lavish grants were made by king Dodda Krishnaraja I of the Mysore Wodeyar dynasty before c.1732.Sampath, Vikram, (2008), Splendours of Royal Mysore, Chapter: The Dalavoy Regime AD 1704-1734, Section:Decline of the Wodeayrs, Rupa Publications, In the early 18th century, Dalavoy (feudal lord) Devarajiah of the powerful Kalale family donated the impressive metallic figure of the Hindu god Rama to the temple during his last years.Conjeeveram Hayavadana Rao (Rao Sahib), Benjamin Lewis Rice (1930), p328, Historical, Government Press, Mysore According to Habib, Hasan and Sampath, in 1791, the de facto ruler of Mysore, Tipu Sultan, gave the temple gifts in silver including four cups, a plate and a spittoon (padiga).

Some famous sengoku daimyōs used the word Bushidō in their writings. In a set of precepts addressed to "All samurai, regardless of rank" the feudal lord Katō Kiyomasa (1562–1611) orders his men to follow it: :If a man does not investigate into the matter of Bushidō daily, it will be difficult for him to die a brave and manly death. Thus it is essential to engrave this business of the warrior into one's mind well ... One should put forth great effort in matters of learning. One should read books concerning military matters, and direct his attention exclusively to the virtues of loyalty and filial piety ... Having been born into the house of a warrior, one's intentions should be to grasp the long and the short swords and to die.

A young fellow was on the way from Kamishiga to Ena (now Yura, Hidaka District), he came across a splendid procession. It didn't appear to be a feudal lord or a marriage, but when he climbed a tree to spectate, the procession stopped at the base of the tree, and from an awfully large palanquin, a large man with one eye about 1 to tall appeared, climbed the tree, and attempted to attack the young fellow. When the young fellow was absorbed and was slashed at with a sword, it is said that the old man and the procession all disappeared. This hitotsume-nyūdō and the hitotsume-kozō has the appearance of a nyūdō (monk), but there is a theory that it comes from the yōkai called "" from Mount Hiei.

Sukumar Sen commented, “Bhudev Mukharji’s Anguriyabinimay supplied the nucleus of the plot [of Durgeshnandini] which was modelled somewhat after Scott’s Ivanhoe.” Although, Bankim Chandra’s younger brother Purna Chandra Chattopadhyay stated that their great-uncle told Bankim Chandra of a popular legend of Mandaran which he collected from Bishnupur- Arambag region. According to the legend, the Pathans attacked the fort of the local feudal lord and took him and his wife and daughter to Orissa as prisoners and when Jagat Singh was sent to rescue them, he was also imprisoned. Bankim Chandra heard the story when he was 19 years old and after a few years he wrote Durgeshnandini. Bankim Chandra himself dismissed any presumption of whether his novel was influenced by Ivanhoe, stating he never read Scott’s romance before writing Durgeshnandini.

As in other such famous 'deals' in medieval Europe (e.g. Foix, or the Dauphiné), when the local feudal lord had to swear an oath of allegiance to the king for the specific territory, even when the former was himself an independent ruler of another state. Consequently, the region became a matter for judicial and military dispute between the two countries, because the debt was never repaid in full by Poland. Principality of Moldavia during the reign of Stephen the Great In 1485, Moldavian prince Stephen the Great, having lost his country's access to the Black Sea the previous year to the Ottomans, was in serious need of alliances, and swore allegiance to Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland for Pokuttia, in what is known as the Colomeea oath.

Arms of Stanley: Argent, on a bend azure three buck's heads cabossed or Quartered arms of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby, KG. 12 quarters including: 1: Stanley; 2: Lathom of Lathom House, Lathom, Cheshire; 3: Lord of Isle of Man; 4: de Warenne, Earl of Surrey; 5: Strange of Knockyn; 6: Woodville; 7: Mohun of Dunster Castle, Somerset, Baron Mohun James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby, KG (31 January 160715 October 1651) of Lathom House in the parish of Lathom in Lancashire, was an English nobleman, politician, and supporter of the Royalist cause in the English Civil War. Before inheriting the title in 1642 he was known as Lord Strange. He was feudal Lord of the Isle of Man ("Lord of Man"), where he was known as "Yn Stanlagh Mooar" ("the Great Stanley").

The son of feudal lord Hanzaemon Nakamura, he was born under the given name of Kinpachi before adopting Hansuke. He started his training under Ryōi Shintō- ryū master Saizo Shimosaka, and eventually known as a fearsome fighter not only due to his skill, but also to his large size for a Japanese man of his time, being 1,76m tall. Through the years Nakamura, his training partner Shogo Uehara and the Sekiguchi-ryū artists Tetsutaro Hisatomi and Danzo Naka were known as the four strongest jujutsu fighters in Kurume, reaching fame throughout the entire nation. When the Meiji Restoration caused the Nakamura clan to be dissolved in 1868, Hansuke became a fisherman and a sake brewer in order to make a living, yet he didn't stop practicing his art.

As a result, at the Concordat of Benevento, Adrian had to invest William with the lands he claimed in southern Italy, symbolised by the presentation of the Pope's own pennoned lances and the kiss of peace. The Pope was accepted as William's feudal overlord, while being forbidden from entering Sicily without an invitation from the King, thereby granting William effectively Legatine authority over the church in his own land. For his part, William gave the Pope his homage and contracted to pay an annual tribute and provide military support on request. The treaty conferred extended powers on the Kings of Sicily that they would enjoy for at least the next 40 years, and included powers over ecclesiastical appointments traditionally held by the Popes as the region's feudal lord.

Following Pain's attack devastating Konohagakure, Danzo took advantage of Tsunade's coma in convincing the Fire Country's feudal lord to make him Acting and uses his position to decree Sasuke a wanted criminal before attaining the Five Kage summit to convince the formation of the Shinobi alliance with himself as its leader. But the plan fails as Danzo ends up being fatally wounded after being forced to fight Sasuke, using the last of his strength in an attempted sealing jutsu on his killer and Obito. Though the jutsu failed, Danzō destroyed Shisui's Sharingan to ensure Tobi would not obtain it. With Danzo's death, the Foundation was disbanded in the aftermath of the Fourth Great Ninja War with its members allowed to live in peace while integrating back into society.

Motochika later entered into secret communications with the Oda, and having come to the attention of the Mōri, they forced him from the castle and died in the escape.Samurai-Archives In 1600, the castle became part of the Bitchū-Matsuyama Domain where Kobori Masatsugu and his son Masakazu came to the area as officers of the Tokugawa shogunate and repaired the castle as part of the efforts to turn Matsuyama into a castle town. In 1617, Ikeda Nagayoshi was transferred here as the new lord of Bitchū-Matsuyama Domain and was followed by Ikeda Nagatsune, who ruled until 1641. The next feudal lord, Mizunoya Katsutaka, rebuilt the donjon (keep), turrets and other gates in addition to building Onegoya house on the southern side of Mount Gagyu where public affairs were administered.

Mara Carfagna and the Minister of Youth Policy Giorgia Meloni with the President of the Italian Republic Giorgio Napolitano in 2009 Carfagna entered politics in 2004, and became responsible for the women's movement in the political party Forza Italia. In the elections of 2006 she was elected into the Chamber of Deputies for Forza Italia, and in the 2008 elections – running as the third candidate from The People of Freedom in the district "Campania 2" – she was reelected. When she first entered parliament Berlusconi jokingly commented that Forza Italia practiced the law of primae noctis; the right of a feudal lord to take the virginity of his female subjects. As a deputy she was secretary of the Commission for Constitutional Affairs, and has been described as a diligent, hard-working parliamentarian.

There, private individuals formed the basis of economic and political life, but, in France, the centre of political gravity resided in a chaotic bureaucracy answerable only to the monarchy form of government. Another theme was the complete dissociation between French social classes, called the Estates, of which there were three – the clergy, the nobility, and the common people. Although this dissociation arose from social divisions imposed by the feudal system, the gradual disintegration of that system after the Middle Ages resulted, paradoxically, in social dissociation becoming increasingly complete. Whereas the feudal lord had at least a partial symbiosis with his vassals, the post-feudal nobility left ancestral estates in the hands of caretakers and flocked to the power centre that radiated from Paris, the seat of the monarchy and central government.

Statue of Krakra in Pernik Ruins of Krakra's fortress near Pernik Krakra of Pernik (, Krakra Pernishki), also known as Krakra Voevoda or simply Krakra, was an 11th-century feudal lord in the First Bulgarian Empire whose domain encompassed 36 fortresses in what is today southwestern Bulgaria, with his capital at Pernik. He is known for heroically resisting Byzantine sieges on multiple occasions as the Byzantines overran the Bulgarian Empire. Krakra was a "man remarkable in military affairs" and a high-ranking bolyarin, possibly governor of the Sredets comitatus, under the Tsars Samuil, Gavril Radomir and Ivan Vladislav. His name appears in the historical annals in connection to a Byzantine military campaign in the Bulgarian lands in 1003, when Samuil's army was crushed at the Vardar and the Byzantines captured Skopje.

In the mid-16th century, the feudal lord of the area was Stanisław Ruszkowski (1529-1597), cavalry captain in expeditions of Stefan Batory against Moscow, knight of Sieradz, and Warrant Officer of Kalisz, who is buried in the monastery Order of Cistercians in Koło, where his tombstone is preserved. However, Złoczew owes its urban character to his son, Andrzej Ruszkowski (1563-1619), knight of Kalisz and owner of the Nowa Wieś, Barczew, and Ruszków. In 1600, he brought the Order of Cistercians to Złoczew, building their church and monastery, and in 1601 he funded the construction of the parish church for Złoczew. Andrzej Ruszkowski had ambitious plans to make Złoczew an important center of craft and trade, and raise the status of the city from its humble village origins.

' (The Village School), Op. 64, is a 1918 German opera in one act by Felix Weingartner, work details at Universal Edition based on act 4, scene 3, "Terakoya" (temple school), from the Japanese kabuki play Sugawara Denju Tenarai Kagami.Felix von Weingartner: The plot of the scene "Terakoya" concerns the samurai Matsuōmaru, who on learning of a plot to kill the son of his feudal lord sends his own son to the village school where the son dies in his master's son's place, fulfilling the family duty."", Yong Sung Kim (2002): "" The subject of the opera had already been treated by the 18-year old Carl Orff as Gisei – , in June 1913, one of the juvenile works which Orff withdrew after 1935. Orff's treatment was based on the German translation of "Terakoya" by .

Confucianism arrived from China between the 6th and 9th centuries, but the derived line of thought that brought about deep social changes in Japan was Neo-Confucianism, which became the official doctrine of the Tokugawa shogunate (1603–1867). The precepts of loyalty and filial piety as tribute ( ') dominated the Japanese at the time, as respect for elders and ancestor worship that Chinese Confucianism taught were well accepted by the Japanese, and these influences have spread throughout daily life. Like other Chinese influences, the Japanese adopted these ideas selectively and in their own manner, so that the "loyalty" in Confucianism was taken as loyalty to a feudal lord or the Emperor. The Japanese family system ( ') was also regulated by Confucian codes of conduct and had an influence on the establishment of the senpai–kōhai relation.

Kropotkin does not argue that the product of a worker's labor should belong to the worker. Instead, Kropotkin asserts that every individual product is essentially the work of everyone since every individual relies on the intellectual and physical labor of those who came before them as well as those who built the world around them. Because of this, Kropotkin proclaims that every human deserves an essential right to well-being because every human contributes to the collective social product: Kropotkin goes on to say that the central obstacle preventing humanity from claiming this right is the state's violent protection of private property. Kropotkin compares this relationship to feudalism, saying that even if the forms have changed, the essential relationship between the propertied and the landless is the same as the relationship between a feudal lord and their serfs.

It was a capital of the estate of the Bulgarian feudal lord, later Emperor Konstantin Asen in the middle of the 13th century. The Byzantine Empire took advantage of the decline in Skopje to regain influence in the area, but lost control of it once again in 1282 to King Stefan Uroš II Milutin of Serbia. Milutin's grandson, Stefan Dušan, made Skopje his capital, from which he was proclaimed Tsar in 1346, subsequently making it the capital of the Serbian Empire. After his sudden death in 1355, he was succeeded by Stephen Uroš V of Serbia who could not keep Serbian Empire together and it was fragmented in many small principalities with Vuk Branković last Serbian and Christian prince that had Skopje under control during medieval period until it fell under Ottoman Control in 1392, for the next 520 years.

Jersey English has imported a number of Jersey Legal French titles and terminology. Many of these, in turn, derive from Jèrriais. The following are examples likely to be encountered in daily life and in news reports in Jersey: rapporteur, en défaut (in default, i.e. late for a meeting),Members of the States, States of Jersey en désastre, au greffe, greffier (clerk-of-Court or the States), bâtonnier (lawyer in charge of Bar, particularly for legal aid), mandataire, autorisé (returning officer at elections, or other functions), projet (parliamentary bill), vraic, côtil, temps passé (time past), vin d'honneur (municipal or official reception), centenier, vingtenier, chef de police (senior centenier), branchage (pronounced in English as the Jèrriais cognate even though spelt in the French manner - trimming hedges and verges on property border; also used jocularly for a haircut), seigneur (feudal lord of the manor).

The story is set in the backdrop of Pathan-Mughal conflicts that took place in south-western region of modern-day Indian state of Paschimbanga (West Bengal) during the reign of Akbar. Jagat Singh, a General of Mughal army and son of Raja Man Singh met Tilottama, daughter of Birendra Singha, a feudal lord of south-western Bengal in Mandaran (in modern-day Hooghly district, West Bengal) and they fell in love with each other. While they were preparing for a marriage ceremony, Katlu Khan, a rebel Pathan leader attacked Mandaran. Birendra Singha died in the battle and Jagat Singh was imprisoned along with Birendra’s widow Bimala and their daughter Tilottama. Katlu Khan’s daughter Ayesha saved Tilottama from her father’s lust, but Ayesha herself fell in love with Jagat Singh. Later, Bimala avenged her husband’s death by stabbing Katlu Khan.

Because of their tenurial rather than geographical origin, the areas covered by liberties could either be widely scattered across a county or limited to an area smaller than a single parish: an example of the former is Fordington Liberty, and of the latter, the Liberty of Waybayouse, both in Dorset. In northern England, the liberty of Bowland was one of the larger tenurial configurations covering some ten manors, eight townships and four parishes under the sway of a single feudal lord, the Lord of Bowland, whose customary title is Lord of the Fells. Up until 1660, such lords would have been lords paramount. Legislation passed in 1836 ended the temporal jurisdiction of the Archbishop of York and the Bishop of Ely in several liberties, and the Liberties Act 1850 permitted the merging of liberties in their counties.

Olvera was host to a detachment of Napoleonic troops, who were constantly harassed by the activities of guerrillas from the town until the French retreated in 1812. Subsequently, two stately houses had the dominion over Olvera, the last of which was Tellez Giron and the Dukes of Osuna. The later was the feudal lord until 1843, when the family went bankrupt. Some of the advances and episodes of great importance in Spanish history during the 19th century were echoed in Olvera, for instance the revolution of September 1868, (known as 'The Glorious One'), when (after a brief period as a Republic) the Monarchy granted Olvera, by Royal Decree on 8 May 1877, the title of "City" by Alfonso XII, in gratitude for certain horses that sped him from the town of Olvera to one of the Carlist wars.

Livestock became a sign of progress: peasants, less dependent and more prosperous, became able to buy draft animals, and even plows. The peasants who had their own plow and one or two draft animals were a small elite, pampered by the feudal lord, who acquired a distinct status, that of yeoman farmers, quite distinct from farm-hand labourer whose only tool was their own arms.. The existence of draft animals does not imply the diffusion of the threshing board in Western Europe, where the flail continued to be the preferred threshing implement.The threshing board, as we have had occasion to repeat throughout this article, was expensive, as were the conditions of its use, only the wealthy laborers and the nobility could afford a threshing board and a plow. Its use was, perhaps, another lordly ban, and thus a mark of a bondage.

A feudal lord inherits a castle with the condition of maintaining faith in an evil obligation of chastity. Twelve abbots take on the task of watching over the commitment, but they all disappear in a succession of mysterious deaths, victims of banal and emblematic incidents. Beautiful and unscrupulous Madonnas, castellans and priests, philosophers persecuted by the Inquisition, squires and monks, devils and sulphurous spells, testamentary readings and carnal temptations, audacious and holy tetragons and then again ... the beautiful Maravì sleepless in love, nostalgia, evening horseback riding, inventors and transplant surgeons in the odor of heresy and even a child and his cat Miro. In the novel many characters are presented, some appearing only in one chapter (like the merchant, the inventor, the astrologer), others who return after some time for a brief appearance (like the troubadour and the philosopher).

This is the longest story, and was the final volume completed before Tezuka's death. It centers on Harima, a young Korean soldier from the Baekje Kingdom whose head is replaced with that of a wolf by Tang Dynasty soldiers following the defeat of the joint Baekje-Yamato force at the Battle of Baekgang. He then escapes to Japan where he becomes the feudal lord Inugami and becomes caught in the middle of the Jinshin War, as well as joining a greater battle between supernatural forces and time-travelling to a bleak future world ruled by a theocracy that claimed to have captured the Phoenix. This chapter stands in stark contrast to the earlier historical Phoenix stories, which tended to de-mythologize the mythical characters therein, for instance in Dawn, many Shinto gods are portrayed as mere humans.

Jersey English has imported a number of Jersey Legal French titles and terminology. Many of these, in turn, derive from Jèrriais. The following are examples likely to be encountered in daily life and in news reports in Jersey: rapporteur, en défaut (in default, i.e. late for a meeting), en désastre, au greffe, greffier (clerk to Court or the States), bâtonnier (lawyer in charge of Bar, particularly for legal aid), mandataire, autorisé (returning officer at elections, or other functions), projet (parliamentary bill), vraic, côtil, temps passé (time past), vin d'honneur (municipal or official reception), Centenier, Vingtenier, Chef de Police (senior Centenier), Ministre Desservant, branchage (pronounced in English as the Jèrriais cognate even though spelt in the French manner - trimming hedges and verges on property border; also used jocularly for a haircut), Seigneur (feudal lord of the manor).

After the division of Friuli, it became an independent margraviate, having its own Slavic margrave residing at Kranj, subject to the governor of Bavaria at first, and after 976 to the Dukes of Carinthia. Henry IV gave it to the Patriarch of Aquileia (1071) and it formed part of the Patriarchal State of Friuli. Several sources from the High Middle Ages suggest that there was a common Carantanian (that is, Carinthian) identity that slowly vanished after the 14th century and was replaced by a regional Carniolan identity. In the Middle Ages the Church held much property in Carniola, and thus in 974 in Upper and Lower Carniola the Bishop of Freising became in 974 a feudal lord of the town of Škofja Loka, the Bishop of Brixen held Bled and possessions in the Bohinj Valley, and the Bishop of Lavant received Mokronog.

The Siege of Klis or Battle of Klis (, ) was a siege of Klis Fortress in the Kingdom of Croatia within Habsburg Monarchy. The siege of the fortress, which lasted for more than two decades, and the final battle near Klis in 1537, were fought as a part of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars between the defending Croatian–Habsburg forces under the leadership of Croatian feudal lord Petar Kružić, and the attacking Ottoman army under the leadership of the Ottoman general Murat-beg Tardić. After the decisive Ottoman victory at the Battle of Krbava Field in 1493, and especially after the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the Croats continued defending themselves against the Ottoman attacks. The Ottoman conquest during the early years of the 16th century prompted the formation of the Uskoks, which were led by Croatian captain Petar Kružić, also called Prince of Klis.

Götz von Berlichingen was enfeoffed with Hornberg Castle in this deed A fief (also fee, feu, feud, tenure or fiefdom, ''''', , feodum or beneficium) was understood to be a thing (land, property), which its owner, the liege lord (Lehnsherr), had transferred to the hereditary ownership of the beneficiary on the basis of mutual loyalty, with the proviso that it would return to the lord under certain circumstances. Enfeoffment gave the vassal extensive, hereditary usufruct of the fief, founded and maintained on a relationship of mutual loyalty between the lord and the beneficiary. The Latin word beneficum implied, not only the actual estate or property, the fief - in Latin usually called the feodum - but also the associated legal relationship. The owner was the so-called liege lord or feudal lord (German: Lehnsherr Lehnsgeber; Latin: dominus feudi, senior), who was usually the territorial lord or reigning monarch.

Linguistically the term Lehen is connected with the word leihen, to lend or loan, and meant something like "loaned property" (c.f. the modern German Darlehen, a loan), whilst the word feudum, which some etymologists suggest comes from the Latin fides (loyalty), is more likely to be derived from the Old High German fihu, fehu (whence modern Vieh), originally "cattle", but later generally "chattel". The opposite of a fief was the freehold, allod or allodium, which roughly corresponds to the present freehold estate. An institution during the transition from feudal states to what is now the free ownership of property, was the allodifizierte Lehen ("allodified fief"), a fief in which the feudal lord gave up direct ownership - usually in return for the payment of compensation or an allodified rent (Allodifikationsrenten) - but the vassal's ownership of the fief with an agreed agnatic succession - resembling a family entailed estate (Familienfideikommiß) - remained in place.

She sought closer relations with Rome, dissolved any connection with the rest of the empire, expelled the Germans from her Sicilian empire, renounced the Roman-German kingship of her son, Frederick, and had him crowned King of Sicily in 1198 instead, although keeping her title as empress dowager. Such a policy of separation was entirely after Innocent's heart, but only after he had extracted a concordat from Constance which continued to place the ecclesiastical rights over the Sicilian crown above those of the Tancred concessions, leaving the king with only the smallest vestige of royal consensus when it came to the election of bishops. Innocent restored the old feudal relationship just in time, after the unexpectedly early death of Constance in 1198, in order now to gain control over the young Frederick as his feudal lord and thus to determine the future of Sicily.

The origins of Hagi ware can be traced back to the arrival of Korean potters to Hagi, a quaint town situated in Yamaguchi Prefecture on the Japan Sea, following Japan’s military invasion of the Korean peninsula in the late 16th century. As a result, a large number of Korean craftsmen were abducted and transported to Japan, where they played a crucial role in establishing new pottery types such as Satsuma, Arita, and Hagi ware ("hagi yaki"). The local feudal lord of the Hagi area at the time, Terumoto Mouri, had appointed potters in a castle town of Matsumoto (presently the city of Hagi) in order to create Hagi wares for his personal tea ceremonies and as gifts. The potters in Matsumoto steadily increased their production so that more kilns were established in Fukawa territory (presently the city of Nagato) during the mid-17th century.

Tai peoples have settled in the northwestern parts of what now is Vietnam since the early first millennium CE or, at the latest, the 5th to 8th century. They mainly settled along the Black River (Sông Đà). One Black Tai chiefdom—located at the place today known as Điện Biên Phủ—was named Muang Thaeng, just like the legendary kingdom of Khun Borom, protagonist of a Tai creation myth and believed to be the progenitor of the Lao, Thai, Shan and other Tai peoples, who later spread to the territories of modern Laos, Thailand, Burma, northeast India and the south of China's Yunnan province. Like in other Tai societies, the core social units of the Tai Dam, Tai Dón and Tai Daeng were the village (ban) and the chiefdom (mueang, Vietnamese mường), each consisting of several villages and ruled by a feudal lord (chao).

The village appears in the Domesday Book as "Hedfelt"National Archives (some sources state the village was recorded as Hedfeld), and Kinder was recorded separately as Chendre.National Archives It was included in the Royal Forest of the Peak in medieval times, but was not a parish until it was created perpetual curacy by Richard II. The forest was popular amongst Norman rulers for hunting, for which it was well noted. Hayfield's location and nearby geography made it an isolated and practically self-sufficient village until the Industrial Revolution; unlike other areas, Hayfield lacked a feudal lord or stately home,St John's Methodist Church, Hayfield; 1782–1982: A Bicentenary History (locally sourced pamphlet; no ISBN) although tithes were paid to the Abbot of Basingwerke in North Wales. St Matthew's Church, Highgate Hall, Fox Hall (dated 1625) and an adjoining barn are some of the earliest surviving buildings in the village.

In the eighth century it was a fortress of the Duchy of Spoleto. The Church of San Severino gave its name later to a new town that grew up around it. In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries it was at constant war with the neighbouring cities, especially with Camerino, and always supported the cause of the emperors, particularly of Emperor Frederick II. Louis the Bavarian named as vicar of San Severino Smeduccio della Scala, who, passing into the service of the Holy See, gave great help to the expedition of Cardinal Albornoz and became feudal lord of San Severino, a post held later by his son Onofrio. His nephew Antonio paid with his life for attempting to resist the arms of Pietro Colonna, the representative of Pope Martin V; his sons tried in vain to recapture the city (1434), which remained immediately subject to the Holy See.

Remains of a bridge over the original Eden Valley Railway line to Clifton & Lowther When Clifton first opened Henry Lowther, 3rd Earl of Lonsdale, who lived in the nearby Lowther Castle, was permitted to stop any train on demand. When the new Clifton Station (see ) opened in 1863 the railway company built him his own private waiting room. This private agreement was subsequently passed on to future Earls of Lonsdale. A 1903 article in Railway Magazine noted: > We cannot regard Lowther Railway Station, on the London and North-Western > line, as absolutely a private station, but the Earl of Lonsdale, who is the > great territorial feudal lord of the district of Cumberland that stretches > about Penrith and Askham, has a private agreement with the railway > authorities in virtue of which, for certain concessions made with regard to > building the station, the land it stands on, etc.

The history of Jharsa dates back to medieval times. During mughal and British colonial era, Jharsa was a paragana in Delhi subah and gurguram was just a small village. Report of a Tour in Eastern Rajputana in 1882-83 (Published in 1885) by Alexander Cunningham, the then Director-General of Archaeological Survey of India, he mentions a stone pillar at Gurugramm of a local feudal lord "Durgga Naga" with a 3-line inscription "Samvat 729 or 928, Vaisakh badi 4, Durgga Naga lokatari bhuta" dating back to 672 AD or 871 AD. Jharsa paragana passed to Begum Samru in 1776-77 and came under direct British rule in 1836 after her death when her territory was taken over by the British who established a civil lines at Jharsa and a cavalry cantonment at nearby Hiyadatpur.Gurugram plan a misdirected govt move from history to myth, Times of India.

The king changed his mind and awarded Feizi the small fief of Qin instead (in present-day Zhangjiachuan County, Gansu), separate from his father's fief of Xichui, and gave Feizi the title Qin Ying, a combination of his fief and ancestral name. This was the beginning of the State of Qin that would over six centuries later conquer all other states and unify China under the rule of Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty. At this time Qin was only a minor state classified as an "attached state" (附庸, fuyong), and Feizi did not receive any nobility rank. Qin would not become a major vassal state until five generations later, when King Ping of Zhou granted Duke Xiang of Qin a formal nobility rank and recognition as a feudal lord for protecting the king during the invasion of the Quanrong nomads.

One of her elder sisters, Princess Takako, was married to the twelfth shogun Tokugawa Ieyoshi, and others were married to feudal lords, one the wife of Asano Narikata of Hiroshima Domain and the other of Mori clan of Chōshū Domain. In 1830 and at the age of 27, Yoshiko was engaged to Nariaki who was 37 but had not had the first wife as he had become the chief of his clan just a year ago. Princess Takako, Yoshiko's elder sister who married a shogun, was said to have arranged the marriage, and there is a record of Emperor Ninkō's comment that Mito clan had been good in both politics and education since (Nariaki's) predecessors. The Mito clan was renowned to support the imperial system with enthusiasm for generations, and that the emperor gladly approved the marriage of Princess (Yoshiko) to a loyal feudal lord.

Bilal began her career in film by getting her M.F.A. at the prestigious Peter Stark Producing Program at the University of Southern California. Her most recent film Josh: Independence Through Unity is a mystery thriller set in Karachi that follows an upper class woman who becomes determined to find out what happened to her missing caretaker. Her journey takes her to a nearby village run by a feudal lord, and in the process endangers herself and others. The story tackles themes of feudalism, youth movements, poverty, and the challenges of trying to do good amidst social unrest. Other feature projects in development have received attention by IFP, The Academy’s Nicholl Writing Fellowship, Mumbai Sankalan Lab, Film Independent and Women In Film. Prominent awards and honors include the Thomas J. Watson Fellowship, Stark Special Project Scholarship, Mabel Beckman Leadership Award, Paul Studenski Fellowship and the Dean’s Cup.

Henry was not prepared to directly attack Louis, who was still his feudal lord, and withdrew, settling himself with ravaging the surrounding county, seizing castles and taking the province of Quercy. The episode proved to be a long-running point of dispute between the two kings and the chronicler William of Newburgh called the ensuing conflict with Toulouse a "forty years' war".Dunbabin, p. 56; Gillingham (1984), p. 27. In the aftermath of the Toulouse episode, Louis made an attempt to repair relations with Henry through an 1160 peace treaty: this promised Henry the lands and the rights of his grandfather, Henry I; it reaffirmed the betrothal of Young Henry and Margaret and the Vexin deal; and it involved Young Henry giving homage to Louis, a way of reinforcing the young boy's position as heir and Louis's position as king.White (2000), p. 9; Gillingham (2007a), p.

After the decay of Carolingian power, Rome fell prey to feudal chaos: several noble families fought against the pope, the emperor, and each other. These were the times of Theodora and her daughter Marozia, concubines and mothers of several popes, and of Crescentius, a powerful feudal lord, who fought against the Emperors Otto II and Otto III. The scandals of this period forced the papacy to reform itself: the election of the pope was reserved to the cardinals, and reform of the clergy was attempted. The driving force behind this renewal was the monk Ildebrando da Soana, who once elected pope under the name of Gregory VII became involved into the Investiture Controversy against Emperor Henry IV. Subsequently, Rome was sacked and burned by the Normans under Robert Guiscard who had entered the city in support of the Pope, then besieged in Castel Sant'Angelo.

Heinrich, as the fourth son of his father, had little chance of inheriting any lands, and so his father, who served as administrator of the Diocese of Magdeburg, arranged for his appointment in 1674 as Provost of Magdeburg upon the death of the incumbent, his older brother August. Heinrich's grandfather, the Elector Johann Georg I, who was also a feudal lord of the county of Barby, chose to make land provisions in his will for his three younger sons. He gave his second son August (Heinrich's father) not only the duchy of Saxe- Weissenfels, but guaranteed to him and his heirs the possession of the county of Barby in the event of the extinction of the count's line. When August Ludwig, the last count of Barby-Mühlingen, died childless in 1659, some parts of the county were inherited, in accordance with Johann Georg I's will, by Heinrich's father August of Saxe-Weissenfels, who in consequence became count of Barby.

Fief of Viborg (1320–1534) was for some two centuries a late medieval fief in the southeastern border of Finland and the entire Swedish realm, held by its chatelain, a fiefed, appointed feudal lord. For extended periods the medieval commanders of Viborg castle (chatelains, castellans), on the border with republic of Novgorod, did in practice function as margraves, collecting the crown's incomes from the fief in their own name and being entitled to keep them all to use for the defense of the realm's eastern border. They enjoyed more independence than the kingdom's other castellans, "burgraves". However the fief of Viborg castle and its county, was not formally hereditary, though almost all appointees were from certain families, related to the Bonde-Bååt- Haak family that also between the 1350s and 1390s held the Swedish titular version of the earldom of Orkney. Organization of that new territory for the Swedish realm took place between the 1290s and 1330s.

Confucius, and in extension, Mencius contends that a good ruler must gain the devotion of the people through the exertion of benevolence and goodness. Mencius asserts Confucian ethics as the basis to achieving an ideal state. Within the Mencius, this is expressed in his encounter with King Xuan of Qi, who rules over the Central Kingdom without practicing “benevolent politics”. In this chapter, Mencius refers to the King’s action as: > “looking for fish by climbing a tree.” (yuan mu er qiu yu 緣木求魚) (Mencius > 2A:4) Other passages within the Mencius addresses benevolent politics more directly: > “An Emperor cannot keep the Empire within the Four Seas unless he is > benevolent; a feudal lord cannot preserve the altars to the gods of earth > and grain unless he is benevolent; a Minister or a Counsellor cannot > preserve his ancestral temple unless he is benevolent; a junzi or a commoner > cannot preserve his four limbs unless he is benevolent.

When it was cut off by a sword, it was said that the arm had three dreadful nails, and was covered by hair that looked like silver needles. ;"A Kasha Seizes and Takes Away an Avaricious Old Woman" from the "Shin Chomonjū", Chapter Fourteen "Calamities" :When a feudal lord of Hizen, the governor of Inaba, Oomura, and several others, were going around the seacoast of Bizen, a black cloud appeared from afar, and echoed a shriek, "ah, how sad (あら悲しや)," and a person's feet stuck out from the cloud. When the governor of Inaba's retinue dragged it down, it turned out to be the corpse of an old woman. When the people in the surroundings were asked about the circumstances, it turned out that the old woman was terribly stingy, and was detested by those around her, but one time when she went outside to go to the bathroom, a black cloud suddenly swooped down and took her away.

The land was granted to him through his services to the Portuguese crown, whose legitimacy the nobleman now distrusts. To be politically independent (if not economically) and keep to the Portuguese codes of honour, he builds a castle-like house to shelter his family in Brazilian soil where he lives like a feudal lord with his family and retainers. His family consists of his severe wife D. Lauriana, his angelic fair, blue-eyed daughter Cecília, his dandyish son D. Diogo and the "niece" Isabel, a cabocla who is in fact his illegitimate daughter by an Indian woman. Other people are also attached to his household, a few loyal servants, forty adventurers/mercenaries kept for protection, the young nobleman Álvaro de Sá, an appropriate suitor for his lawful daughter Cecília, and Peri, an Indian of the Guaraní people, who once saved Cecy’s life (as the romantic/romanticised Indian endearingly calls Cecília) and who has since deserted his tribe and family.

These are quartered today with the arms of Hamilton (Gules, three cinquefoils ermine) by the Duke of Hamilton.Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.528 In a similar fashion the arms of the feudal Earldom of Orkney are quartered by the present Earl of Caithness, the arms of the feudal Barony (or Earldom) of Lorne are now quartered by the Duke of Argyll, and the arms of the feudal Lord of the Isles are quartered with Clan Stewart by the Duke of Rothesay, all in the form of Lymphads. In 1997 Willi Ernst Sturzenegger, a Swiss millionaire and owner of the ruined Lochranza Castle, petitioned the Lord Lyon King of Arms to be recognised officially "in the name, style and dignity of Willi Ernst Sturzenegger of Arran, Earl of Arran in the territorial baronage of Scotland", and for a Grant of Arms with additaments appropriate to him as "Earl of Arran in the territorial baronage of Scotland", on the basis that he had been "infeft" (i.e.

14th-century representation of Henry visiting Louis IX of France Over the next four years, neither Henry nor the barons were able to restore stability in England, and power swung back and forth between the different factions. One of the priorities for the new regime was to settle the long- running dispute with France and, at the end of 1259, Henry and Eleanor left for Paris to negotiate the final details of a peace treaty with King Louis, escorted by Simon de Montfort and much of the baronial government. Under the treaty, Henry gave up any claim to his family's lands in the north of France, but was confirmed as the legitimate ruler of Gascony and various neighbouring territories in the south, giving homage and recognising Louis as his feudal lord for these possessions. When Simon de Montfort returned to England, Henry, supported by Eleanor, remained in Paris where he seized the opportunity to reassert royal authority and began to issue royal orders independently of the barons.

Despite this, the King appealed to Pope Innocent for help in July, arguing that the charter compromised the Pope's rights as John's feudal lord. As part of the June peace deal, the barons were supposed to surrender London by 15 August, but this they refused to do. Meanwhile, instructions from the Pope arrived in August, written before the peace accord, with the result that papal commissioners excommunicated the rebel barons and suspended Langton from office in early September. Once aware of the charter, the Pope responded in detail: in a letter dated 24 August and arriving in late September, he declared the charter to be "not only shameful and demeaning but also illegal and unjust" since John had been "forced to accept" it, and accordingly the charter was "null, and void of all validity for ever"; under threat of excommunication, the King was not to observe the charter, nor the barons try to enforce it.

Druze woman wearing a tantour during the 1870s in Chouf, Ottoman Lebanon As early as the days of Saladin, and while the Ma'ans were still in complete control over southern Lebanon, the Shihab tribe, originally Hijaz Arabs, but later settled in Ḥawran, advanced from Ḥawran, in 1172, and settled in Wadi al-Taym at the foot of mount Hermon. They soon made an alliance with the Ma'ans and were acknowledged as the Druze chiefs in Wadi al-Taym. At the end of the 17th century (1697) the Shihabs succeeded the Ma'ans in the feudal leadership of Druze southern Lebanon, although they reportedly professed Sunni Islam, they showed sympathy with Druzism, the religion of the majority of their subjects. The Shihab leadership continued until the middle of the 19th century and culminated in the illustrious governorship of Amir Bashir Shihab II (1788–1840) who, after Fakhr-al-Din, was the most powerful feudal lord Lebanon produced.

The resm-i dönüm was a land tax in the Ottoman Empire; it was a divani tax paid each year to the landowner or timar holder, typically on 1 March The resm-i dönüm was based on the dönüm, a measure of farm size; this is parallel to the resm-i çift, a tax based on the çift (the area that could be ploughed by one team of oxen). Generally, both taxes had to be paid, and the terms may at times have been interchangeable - taxation in the Ottoman empire was a complex patchwork of overlapping taxes which evolved over time. The amount of resm-i dönüm was proportional to the size of the farm. In some cases, the resm-i dönüm was specific to a kind of lease agreement that an otherwise landless peasant would make with a sipahi (feudal lord) and it may actually have resembled a rent more than a tax.

Afterwards, the royal court is sent into a disarray through the actions of a group of traitorous subjects and the Northern barbarians simultaneously decide to attack China. Bang Gwanju is made into the commander- in-chief of the army and goes to fight in the war, where she defeats the King of the barbarians and receives his capitulation. The Emperor thus appoints Bang Gwanju as his feudal lord and Yeong Hyebing is bestowed with the honor of being a feudal lord’s wife. When their son, Bang Nakseong, turns twelve years old, he becomes engaged to Kim Hui’s daughter and takes the civil service examination, receiving first place. His wife, Madame Kim, has a son and names him “Hyeon.” Bang Nakseong is promoted to the Ministry of Defense. One day, an ascetic from Mount Heng comes to find them and reads Bang Gwanju’s physiognomy. After predicting that she will die before the age of 40, he forever disappears.

The term "grand duke" as a monarch reigning over an independent state was a later invention (in Western Europe at first in 1569 for the ruler of Tuscany) to denote either a particularly mighty duke or a monarchy playing an important political, military and/or economic role, but not large enough to be a Kingdom. It arose because the title of Duke had gradually lost status and precedence during the Middle Ages by having been granted to rulers of relatively small fiefs (feudal territories), instead of the large tribal regions or even national territories to which the title was once attached. One of the first examples occurred when Count Gonçalo I Mendes of Portucale (in northwest Portugal and considered as that country's original nucleus) took, in 987, the personal title of Magnus Dux Portucalensium ("Grand Duke of the Portuguese") and rebelled against his feudal lord, King Bermudo II of León. He was defeated by the royal armies but nevertheless obtained a remarkable autonomy as a Magnus Dux (Grand Duke), leading ultimately to Portuguese independence from the Spanish Kingdom of Castille-León.

The vassal could even be required to pay money; though perhaps not to the extent of England, where military service became a requirement for war funds and the English king used the money to pay for his mercenaries. Monetary payments were also required in other cases, such as to pay a ransom for a captive lord, for the accolade of his eldest son, for the dowry of his eldest daughter, or for a journey to the Holy Land. The feudal lord could also demand recompense (Lehnserneuerung or renovatio investiturae) from his vassals if they lost their fief or upon changes of lord - changes of ruler at any level, local lord, prince or king (known as Herrenfall, Hauptfall, Thronfall) - as well as changes of vassal (known as Lehnsfall, Vasallenfall or Mannfall, Nebenfall). The latter had to submit a written application (Lehnsmutung) within a year and a day (actually 1 year, 6 weeks, 3 days) and ask for the renewal of his investiture, but this term could be extended by a decree from the lord (Lehnsindult).

In the story, much of the planet is ruled by Lord Faide. He is close to conquering the final feudal lord who opposes him, Lord Ballant, and is on the march to attack Lord Ballant's fortress with an army of knights, foot soldiers, and telepathic “Jinxmen”-sorcerers. However, his army faces a second challenge: the First Folk are growing forests in the path of the army, which blocks their passage. The First Folk are angry at the historic slaughter of their ancestors and about their planet being taken over by the colonists, so they defend the forest. They are adept at using traps such as deadfalls, so if the army has to go through the First Folk’s new forests, they will be vulnerable to attack from the First Folk. Lord Faide’s advisors suggest that he detour around the forests, but this will give Lord Ballant time to bring in reinforcements. A young apprentice of Lord Faide’s head Jinxman has been experimenting with scientific approaches to defeating the First Folk. The apprentice has been studying the ancient scientific texts from their space-faring ancestors.

Gurgaon may be same as the Gudapura town mentioned in the 12th century text Prithviraja Vijaya. According to the text, Nagarjuna, a cousin of the Chahamana king Prithviraj Chauhan, rebelled against the king and captured the town. Prithviraj crushed the rebellion, and recaptured the town. During Mughal and initially during the British colonial era, Gurguram was just a small village in Jharsa paragana of Delhi subah. Report of a Tour in Eastern Rajputana in 1882-83 (Published in 1885) by Alexander Cunningham, the then Director-General of Archaeological Survey of India, he mentions a stone pillar at Gurugaon of a local feudal lord "Durgga Naga" with a 3-line inscription "Samvat 729 or 928, Vaisakh badi 4, Durgga Naga lokatari bhuta" dating back to 672 AD or 871 AD. Jharsa paragana passed to Begum Samru in 1776-77 and came under direct British rule in 1836 after her death when her territory was taken over by the British who established a civil lines at Jharsa and a cavalry cantonment at nearby Hiyadatpur.

The Bishop of Utrecht, Adalbold and the merchants of Tiel complained against this piracy at the Reichstag of Nijmegen in 1018, the merchants of Tiel effectively pointing out that the emperor was losing tax revenue when he allowed the Tiel merchants to being plundered by Dirk III. It was decided to act against Dirk III. An army led by Godfrey II Duke of Lower Lorraine, consisting of a fleet with soldiers from the bishops of Utrecht, Cologne, Cambrai and Liège was however surprisingly ambushed in a swamp and nearly annihilated by Dirk III Frisian subjects in what was called the Battle of Vlaardingen, Dirk III himself playing a coordinating role, only to appear from his castle to officially take prisoner the duke of Lower Lorraine, when Godfrey was on the verge of being killed. So as not to weaken the protection the county of Holland offered against the Viking raids, King Henry II decided to let the matter rest, though he did strengthen the position of the Bishop of Utrecht, the nominal feudal lord of the counts of Holland.

In 771 BC, the Marquess of Shen collaborated with the Zeng state and the Quanrong nomads, attacked and sacked the Zhou capital Haojing, killing King You of Zhou and ending the Western Zhou dynasty. Duke Xiang led his troops to escort King You's son King Ping to Luoyi, where the new capital city of the Eastern Zhou dynasty was established. In gratitude of Duke Xiang's service, King Ping formally enfeoffed Duke Xiang as a feudal lord and elevated Qin from an "attached state" (附庸 fùyōng, a minor state with limited autonomy under the rule of other liege lord) to a major vassal state, and further promised to permanently give Qin the land west of Qishan, the former heartland of Zhou, if Qin could expel the Rong tribes that were occupying it. The future generations of the Qin rulers were encouraged by this promise, and they launched several military campaigns on the Rong, eventually expanding their territories to beyond the original lands lost by the Western Zhou dynasty.

Meanwhile, Natabar goes through Manik's late mother's belongings(stolen and kept hidden so far by the elderly midwife of the orphanage, who before dying speaks the truth to the manager) and from some documents comes to know that Manik's now-deceased father was the only child of a feudal lord of an estate in Burdwan. With an expectation to be handsomely rewarded he goes to the estate only to know that Manik's grandfather, Lakshmikanta Chowdhury (Chhabi Biswas) is now paralyzed and aphasic due to a brain stroke years ago and his estate is run by his crooked nephew Bireshwar, who is the only known heir to the large inheritance. Databar is initially tricked into revealing the truth behind and into handing over all the documents (except one letter from Manik's father to his grandfather, which is enough to prove Manik's identity) as he is not aware of Birshwar's true nature. Bireshwar manages one of Manik's photos from Natabar and overtime reaches Fakirchand and instructs him to make the innocent boy a criminal, thus destroying him morally which will make him unfit for the inheritance.

Since 1334, the city of Prilep was under Serbian rule and the surrounding region was held by Serbian feudal lord Vukašin Mrnjavčević, who was crowned the king of the Serbs and Greeks in 1365 as the co-ruler of last Serbian emperor Stefan Uroš V. After the death of both Vukašin and Uroš in 1371, Vukašin's son Marko Mrnjavčević, who held the title of "Junior King" (rex iunior), became the sole legal ruler of the Serbian Realm and took the title of Serbian king, but his power was contested by other Serbian feudal lords who gained control over other regions leaving Marko only with the areas in western half of Vardarian Macedonia, centered in Prilep. King Marko remained effective ruler only in the region of Prilep, and was also nominally recognized by some other feudal lords in surrounding areas. All of them, including king Marko, were forced to pay tribute to invading Ottoman Turks. Since he became a vassal of the Turkish Sultan, Marko Mrnjavčević was obligated to answer to the sultan's call in 1395 and take part in the Battle of Rovine where he was killed.